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Hurricane Matthew Update from Aaron Strickland - Oct. 9, 2016

Georgia Power's Emergency Operations Director Aaron Strickland provides an update on the company's responds to Hurricane Matthew on the afternoon of October 9, 2016.

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at first 24 hours, take some time to get set up, take some time to evaluate, to really start becoming efficient and really beginning the restoration. We spent the first 24 hours going through the process of putting the final plans together and then entering and safely entering the coastal region because of the high winds. We couldn't get in there. So we are just now getting close to our first 24 hours on the coast. Started out with 342,000 out. We're down to now we're under 200,000. We're making that progress. We're going to start seeing those numbers start coming down the way we want to see them.

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Using Khan Academy for flipped classroom | Khan For Educators | Khan Academy India

In this video, we will learn about the Flipped classroom model, its benefits, and how you can use Khan Academy to implement Flipped Learning.

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Welcome back teachers. In this last video, we bring one more exciting strategy for you. In this video, we will learn about the FLIP classroom model, its benefits and how you can use Khan Academy to implement FLIP learning. To understand the FLIP classroom model, let us first see how we teach in a traditional classroom. We will divide the steps involved in three stages and we will see what happens in each of these stages. Before the class, during the class and after the class. In a traditional classroom, before the class, the teacher first plans how to introduce the topic to the class. During the class, the teacher explains the concept and will assign homework to students. During this time, student listen and understand the teacher. After the class, student go back home and then they complete the homework. A FLIP classroom on the other hand, flips this entire process. In the before part of this class, the teacher first shares relevant content with the students as a home assignment. Students read, listen or watch the content given at home. They learn at their own pace and can go through the material as many times as they want. In the during part of the class, the teacher devotes time to the hands-on group activities to strengthen and go deeper into the concept. Students are guided and supported by teachers and peers as needed. In the after part, students are given quizzes to check for understanding. In the next section, let's try and understand what are the benefits of using FLIP classroom approach. The first benefit of the FLIP classroom is that it is a learner-centric model. In this model, students can study at their own pace. They may go through the article or video shared by the teacher as many times and at any time that they want before the class. In the FLIP classroom, since the students are introduced to the concepts outside of the school, it frees up the time of the teacher inside the classroom. This presents an excellent opportunity for the teacher to plan for different forms of in-class activity such as peer learning, project-based learning or any other activity-based learning. FLIP classrooms allows the teacher to use the in-class time to provide much more personalized support to the students. Since the students have already gone through the content at home, they could come prepared with any questions they may have. With so many advantages, we are sure you would definitely consider flipping your class too. Let's see how you can do that using content available at Khan Academy. One thing you need to ensure before using FLIP classroom strategy is that all of your students have access to some form of device to access the material assigned by you. It could be a smartphone, a laptop or a desktop computer. If some of your students do not have devices at home, then you may want to make school computer lab available to them. Khan Academy has ready content that can be easily assigned to the student as per their need and your teaching plan. Here is how you can implement FLIP classroom model using this content. We will follow the same three stages that we have seen before, before the class, during the class and after the class. Let's say I am a teacher of class 4 and I want to teach the concept of multiplication by distributive property to my students. So before the class, I will go through the content available on Khan Academy platform and check for suitable material that can be assigned to the students. Here on the topic of multiplying using distributive property, I found a 6-minute video. I can watch this video and confirm if this is the content that I want my students to go through before the next class. I will go ahead and assign this content to my students. Students will need to watch this video before they come to the next class. They can also make their notes. During the class, after I teach the concept, I would want the students to work in groups to solve practice questions. This will ensure that the students who need additional support could get it first from their peers before I step in. During the class, I would ensure that all my students are able to solve these questions based on the learnings from the class. After the class, I will assign a practice quiz on Khan Academy to students. The score from this quiz will help me understand how much mastery students have achieved in the skill. With this video, we come to the end of yet another milestone. You have completed Khan for Educators Advanced Course. You are a few steps away from certification. Do complete the exercises and articles and take the unit test. Thank you for your commitment to make free and high quality education available to your students anytime and anywhere.

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This Makes Holy Spirit Jealous #Shorts

#Shorts When we do this, it stirs the Holy Spirit's jealousy. For more content, watch my video, “Why Demons HAVE TO Obey You,” by clicking here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2exGmSMcnig&list=PLyPy6sEo_wicTkzXJ1mUD-fK04EVWJ4Qv&index=54 To receive in-depth teaching on spiritual warfare and deliverance, get my book, “Holy Spirit: The Bondage Breaker,” by clicking here: https://www.davidhernandezministries.com/bondage-breaker ______________________________ 📩 Sign up to receive updates, free content, and more from David via email: http://www.davidhernandezministries.com/email ______________________________ 🟢 Make a one-time donation to help fund our livestreams, content, events, and more: http://www.davidhernandezministries.com/donate ______________________________ 🤝 Become a monthly ministry supporter. Partner with David for as low as $15 a month: http://www.davidhernandezministries.com/partner ______________________________ 🗓 Upcoming Events - Come experience the presence and power of the Holy Spirit. See David's ministry event schedule: http://www.davidhernandezministries.com/events ______________________________ 📚 David’s books and ministry apparel: https://www.davidhernandezministries.com/shop ______________________________ Receive Livestream text alerts. Text LIVE to 747474 ______________________________ Receive ETV content right to your phone. Text ETV to 747474 ______________________________ #EncounterTV #DavidDigaHernandez #God #HolySpirit #HolySpiritPower #SpiritualWarfare #Demons #Christian

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The Holy Spirit is jealous for you. Ungodly jealousy is based on selfishness. Godly jealousy is based on selflessness. The Bible says, or do you think that the Scripture says in vain, the Spirit who dwells in us yearns jealously? We stir the Holy Spirit's jealousy when we exaggerate demonic power and minimize His power. We stir His jealousy when we imagine as though demonic power can resist His power. We insult the very essence of His nature when we suggest that light can dwell with darkness. Stop glorifying the enemy and realize just how mighty the power of the Holy Spirit is. There is no Spirit more powerful than the Holy Spirit. For more on spiritual warfare, get Holy Spirit the bondage breaker at bondagebreaker.com.

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Helping Small Businesses Succeed | Kaiser Permanente

At the August 2018 Inner City Capital Connections (ICCC) program kick-off for the Los Angeles/San Bernardino cohort, Vanessa Faggiolly, chief financial officer, Amerisal, LLC, describes the program’s benefits, and appreciates event sponsor Kaiser Permanente Southern California for helping small businesses in underserved communities succeed.

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My name is Vanessa Fadirli. I'm the CFO of American Foods and I am an alum at ICCC, the class again over here. It's been such an amazing program and I'm glad to be back. I nominated over five of my colleagues to come to the program because I want them to take advantage of the great information that they're going to take, especially with the professors, talking about finance, talking about strategy, talking about capital. The last program that I love about it is that it is short but so much full of information and it will get you straight to the point of what you need in order to succeed. Grow your business, create more jobs and I love how Kaiser Permanente is helping us thrive, succeed and improve the quality of life of our employees and mostly in underserved communities. I'm very happy and I'm proud to be part of this program and alum and I can't wait to keep learning because everything is about learning and we're all about that. Every time things are changing, things innovate, business are innovating and we need to be part of that. And how do we do that? By coming to class. So thank you Kaiser, thank you ICCC, thank you ICIC. It's honestly, I'm humbled and honored to be part of all of your programs.

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VLOG # 999 | The MOST *Challenging* Running SHOE of 2018

Adidas Ultra Boost for the loss in 2018. Listen, I'm a positive person, but I also want to continue to provide you the best information on running shoes, and I would personally stay away from the Adidas Ultra Boost line up. The upper and the weight on the Adidas line up is just difficult to fall in love with, very difficult. I'm wondering what happened to the Adidas line up in the past 5 - 8 years? The BOOST technology that Adidas has made famous through their line up of running shoes feels more like a cross trainer or recreational walk around shoe. I would consider using the Adidas Ultra Boost 19 for treadmill running or lifting in the gym, but I would not use it for running outside. Again, the biggest challen in the Adidas Ultra Boost line up is that the upper is very sloppy in my opinion. My ankle did not feel secure at all with the Primeknit Upper, and the collar that wraps around your ankle is already collapsing in on itself after just 40 miles. So no go for the Adidas Ultra Boost line up, and I will not be buying the Adidas Ultra Boost 19 shoe, how about you? If you are an Adidas fan or an Ultra Boost fan, make your case down in the comments. What was your most challening (disappointing) running shoe of 2018? 🔻SNAIL MAIL 🔻 Seth James DeMoor PO BOX 1972 Englewood, CO 80150 USA 🔻WATCH MORE BELOW: TOP 3 VLOGS IN PAST MONTH 🔻 🔸SKECHERS GoRun Pure Running Shoes First Impression: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bYxhs0jciH8 🔸Nike Vaporfly 4% Flyknit Race Day Vlog | Pumpkin Pie 5K Denver Colorado: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C_gUOXVobvc&t=6s 🔸New Balance Fresh Foam Beacon Full Review | 2018 Running Shoes: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JtE8Ze3AyUs&t=2s ==================================================== 🔻LET'S CONNECT 🔻 🔸Strava: https://www.strava.com/athletes/20320892 🔸Twitter: https://twitter.com/SethJamesDeMoor 🔸Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/sethjamesdemoor/ 🔸Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/sethjamesdemoor/ 🔸Email updates: http://eepurl.com/dH-K05 ==================================================== 🔻WINTER RUNNING GEAR FROM AMAZON 🔻 • TrailHeads Touchscreen Gloves with Reflective Waterproof Mitten Shell: https://amzn.to/2Pj4pfh • Salomon Fastwing Hybrid Jacket: https://amzn.to/2UhJiNM • Toughwear neck and head warmer (Balaclava): https://amzn.to/2EfxPJX ==================================================== 🔻CURRENT RUNNING SHOES FROM AMAZON 🔻 • Salomon Speedcross 4, men's: https://amzn.to/2URNzrH and Women's: https://amzn.to/2R0GXrW • New Balance Beacons V1, Men's: https://amzn.to/2z9JbuY and Women's: https://amzn.to/2qPGxG2 • Nike Pegasus 35 Turbo, Men's: https://amzn.to/2DGmW3A • STANCE Running Socks, my favorite socks: https://amzn.to/2DGXN96 ==================================================== 🔻RUNNING GEAR FROM AMAZON 🔻 • HOKA Recovery Sandal: https://amzn.to/2Aacm1u • NIKE Winter Running Pants: https://amzn.to/2Dg3VUP • ZENSAH Neon Green Reflective Compression Arm Sleeves: https://amzn.to/2zkT3lR • SMITH Sunglasses: https://amzn.to/2CVlHNv • SUUNTO Peak 3 Watch: https://amzn.to/2RXOYM1 • SALOMON green running hat: https://amzn.to/2PLQy26 • NATHAN handheld Waterbottle for LONG runs: https://amzn.to/2DH2oYP • TRAILHEADS winter running gloves: https://amzn.to/2L2IHeP ==================================================== 🔻RUNNING RECOVERY TOOLS FROM AMAZON 🔻 • Foot Log massage tool: https://amzn.to/2DMdBq2 • Roller Massage Stick, lots of options here from Amazon: https://amzn.to/2Sd9FTg • Pro Band for stretching: https://amzn.to/2zscWav ==================================================== 🔻MUSIC 🔻 • • Closing Song: Floppy Circus ft. Panthurr, singing "The Brightest Smile": https://soundcloud.com/floppycircus/the-brightest-smile-ft-panthurr ==================================================== 🔻CAMERA GEAR FROM AMAZON 🔻 • GoPro 7 Black: https://amzn.to/2ysSmGv • Gimbal for GoPro (Feiyutech): https://amzn.to/2PEXBt3 • DJI SPARK: https://amzn.to/2uMzQXE • Canon 5D DSLR Camera: https://amzn.to/2A4iECl • Rode Video Pro Mic: https://amzn.to/2OcB4Ur Seek beauty. Work hard. & Love each other. ----- Subscribe today if you're looking for more of all three in life! Running vlogs and running motivation at it's finest here on this channel. If you need a little motivation to start running to get back in shape, you have arrived at the right YouTube channel. Here on this running YouTube focused channel, you will experience motivation, knowledge, and love for each other by sharing each other's stories. Running inspiration served up daily. Seth James DeMoor Daily Vlog Channel Seek Beauty Work Hard & Love Each Other

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We are all most there. We are all most there. You have inspired me to get to vlog 999. This is number 999, which means tomorrow on Christmas Day. Merry Christmas, by the way, almost, almost there. Somebody asked the other day, like, did I plan out the fact that vlog 1000 would publish on Christmas Day? I wish I was that good. That is not the case. I did not plan this out, but this is how it's happening. I'm just in a reflective mode, for sure, over these next 48 hours, simply because the journey we have been on together here on YouTube has been hard at times, inspiring all the time, basically. Like, there's moments where I've been challenged, for sure, to keep this baby going, but we've made it now to number 999. And so today, I'm gonna take it a little easier because I actually need a little more time for editing number 1000 for tomorrow. So make sure you come back tomorrow for number 1000. I, whew, I don't want to talk about it too much because it gets me just like in reflective mode of thinking after just looking back on life. So it's exciting, but today, I don't wanna focus too much on the negative for this shoe that I'm about to talk to you about. Let's just say I'm a positive person. I like to stay positive. That's how I approach life because I think it leads to obviously better, greater happiness in life, true joy, authentic joy, not just like fleeting happiness, but like real authentic joy if we remain in a positive state of mind as much as possible and just like real basic as runners, like we like to be healthy people as runners especially, everyone, everyone wants to be healthy, but especially runners, we strive for good health. And so our mental game, if we are in a positive state of mind more often than not, and listen, we all have bad days. We all need to vent at times. Don't get me wrong, but the more we can remain positive, the better we will do in training. The better our body will be reacting to our workouts. Let's get to the shoe that I'm just struggling with and is challenging me to think outside the box. Am I missing something here? Once I reveal it to you, I want you fans out there of this shoe and of this shoe company to comment below and help me through the challenge. Help me understand what they're attempting to do. Help me appreciate the shoe because guess what? This shoe company is the second largest in the world. The Adidas Ultra Boost. Yes, this is the shoe that has brought me the most challenge in 2018 for understanding why I would ever run in it. And listen, I feel a little bad because I did not, I like to put 50 miles into a shoe before I give you a full review. I only got to about 38 miles in this shoe before, according to Strava, before I said, huh, I don't think I'm gonna run in this guy anymore, but I did try. I promise, I tried 38 miles in it. Before we dive into the specs of the Ultra Boost, the Adidas Ultra Boost, I wanna just read a brief history of Adidas. And when I buy a shoe, I like to know the story behind how the company started because I think that influences the lineup of the shoes that they produce. And I was talking to the running shoe store reps a couple of days ago about the on company from Switzerland. And so anyway, here's the a little brief history of Adidas. The founder was Adolf Adi Dossler, which you can see how they got the name going there. Dossler assisted in the development of spiked running shoes for multiple athletic events to enhance the quality of spiked athletic footwear. He transitioned from a previous model of heavy metal spikes to utilizing canvas and rubber. In 1936, Dossler persuaded US sprinter Jesse Owens to use his handmade spikes at the 1936 Summer Olympics. Following Owens's four gold medals, the name and reputation of Dossler's shoes became known to the world sportsmen and their trainers. And so Adidas is a, and it goes on, yeah, it goes on by, they were selling 200,000 pairs of shoes every year before World War II. Anyway, and I don't know all the details of the founder and of obviously that was Tough Times and the world history around between World War I and World War II. But this is early. Like this, when did Bowerman, was Bowerman the 60s? Yeah, I think Bowerman was the 60s. Well, now Nike is the biggest running shoe company in the world, Adidas. I don't know if they're the second largest running, but they're the second largest shoe company in the world. Now I just share that brief history of the Adidas story because I think it's important as consumers of products and running shoes that we know the backstory because guess what? Real people designed this Ultra Boost in 2015 was the first release. And so I, as I share constructive criticism, I fully realized like real people with real stories put a lot of work into this shoe. But I also realized that real people with real stories are spending their hard-earned money buying running shoes now and in 2019 and I wanna make sure you're just making good decisions. And on that note, the Adidas Ultra Boost 19 just released I think a week ago, maybe 10 days ago and I will not be purchasing that shoe, but maybe you will. And again, make your case for Adidas down below in the comment. And now the basic specs behind the Ultra Boost, 22 millimeter stack height in the heel, 12 in the toe box, which gives it a 10 millimeter drop. So a pretty high drop for a running shoe and then the weight and probably if you've run in this shoe, I'm guessing you've noticed that it is heavy. It is, is this the heaviest shoe I ran in in 2018? Outside of the La Sportiva lineup, I think this is the heaviest shoe I wore in 2018, 11 ounces. So like, why would you wanna wear an 11 ounce shoe if you don't have to? That's one of my biggest concerns with this Ultra Boost from Adidas. And yes, the Ultra Boost 19 that just came out is just as heavy. I think I saw on the Adidas website like 10.9 ounces. So basically 11 ounces. That's not so good. All right, let's talk about my biggest concern of the Ultra Boost and I love you, Adidas. Well, Adidas, I'm trying to love you but this is just a major, major, major issue. And it's not the weight and I don't mind actually running in heavy shoes. I think it can help strengthen your legs, maybe give you a little more strengthening workout but Adidas, your prime knit upper. So the upper is the top of the shoe for all of you out there that are just learning about running shoes and shoes in general. This is the upper, it's called a prime knit material. It's thick and heavy and it is comfortable but I would say it is not breathable. It feels very, it feels like you're putting on a wool sock and like that can be comfy in the winter but in the summer, no way. Like I wore this in the summertime and my foot would get hot and especially since the shoe is black like I could literally feel my foot like starting to sweat as soon as I put the shoe on. So a very heavy, thick, prime knit upper material that I'm just not a fan of and sloppy. It's just, it's sloppy. Like you can see it here. It's breaking, it's collapsing in on itself this through the toe box and this plastic cage is what I'm gonna call it. It feels kind of gimmicky, Adidas because your logo has the three stripes, right, Adidas? Your logo is three stripes, which is fine but that should not influence the engine. The logo should not influence the direct design of the shoe and so they have this plastic cage to help lock down your foot in the shoe and they just went with three strips of plastic here. Why not go with four? Why not go with five? Why not go with two? You went with three, I think, because that's your logo. What? What? I don't know what they were thinking with this plastic cage on top but not a fan and that is my biggest concern with the Ultra Boost is the upper, it's just, it's sloppy. I felt like my foot was gonna slide right off the midsole. All right, according to Adidas, the midsole, let's talk about the midsole since we're on the topic. It has what they're calling TPU pellets, basically what provides the Ultra Boost midsole with the energy return. They're saying there's 3,000 TPU pellets inside this midsole and it's a decent midsole. I would not call it responsive. I would call it cushioned and comfortable but as far as like giving you back your energy, not bad but not great either. So the midsole, it's not breaking, here's the thing, okay, one positive because I don't wanna be all negative, durability seems really good. I don't feel like I've lost, now I've only done 40 miles approximately but I don't feel like I've lost anything as far as through the midsole and frankly, you shouldn't just after 40 miles but comfortable, yes, but responsive, yeah, not in my books, not in my books. And just one brief point on the outsole, like no major concerns with the rubber. Yeah, it's like basically almost like a spider web design and it's designed to be flexible but Adidas does have this plastic plate through the midfoot called the torsion system and it's designed to provide a little more support through the midfoot and then transfer energy forward. I don't know, is it working? It's hard to tell. I didn't notice a huge benefit from this torsion system but if you can feel it through your midfoot when you're running in the Ultra Boost, definitely let me know. I'll be curious to hear your thoughts on that. So that's the outsole. Now I always want to end on a positive note, very comfortable, very comfortable. It's like wearing a slipper, granted a heavy slipper but it is like wearing a slipper so when could you use this? I treadmill running, I think this would be fine on a treadmill where you're not on any uneven surfaces because I could see this being an ankle breaker real quick, like rolling an ankle real easy in the shoe. It's just, the upper is just too sloppy, too flexible. But it is comfortable or cross training in a gym. If you're working out in a gym, if you're riding stationary bikes, if you're doing the treadmill, doing just cross training, oh yeah, I think you could wear this shoe for sure but as far as getting out there just pounding miles, very expensive shoe if you buy it, brand new, full retail, $180. Definitely, definitely not worth $180. This was my most challenging shoe of 2018. All right, the keyword is Ultra for the Adidas Ultra Boost. Ultra is the keyword, thank you so much for hitting it up down in the comments and the question of the day, I hate to even ask it, what was the most challenging shoe that you wore in 2018, AKA maybe the most disappointing shoe that you ran in in 2018? And maybe you don't have one, if you don't have one, bonus points. That means you made good and productive purchases in the past year but the reason I ask that question of the day is to help all of us avoid making purchases, moving forward in 2019 that are maybe not so solid and it's all about helping each other here on YouTube and helping each other make good decisions and maybe the Ultra Boost 19 has an incredible upgrade. I don't know, I probably won't be purchasing it unless you really make the case for it down below in the comments but and again, everyone's foot is different, everyone's stride is different just slightly and so this shoe might work perfectly for you. I don't want to come across as negative Nancy, I simply want to share my transparent experience in the shoe with you and then you get to go to the running shoe store and actually try them on and see like yeah, this is not working for me or like oh my goodness, this is the best shoe I've ever run in, just let me know down in the comments once you try that. You rock, thank you for watching the 999th Daily Vlog in a row, mm-mm-mm. Folks, oh God, all right, I'm not gonna get into it but I just, I love you, I love you, mm, mm. Wow, yep, seek beauty, work hard and love each other.

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I Played Video Games with Marshawn Lynch

Get Madden now: http://x.ea.com/77269 Esfand's Tailgate Tour exclusive episode with a visit to Las Vegas Allegiant Stadium tailgate before the Raiders game where I meet Marshawn Lynch and challenge him to a game of Madden right in front of the stadium. Subscribe: http://shorturl.at/oOY17 Streaming Every Day on EsfandTV! https://twitch.tv/esfandtv Stay Connected with Esfand: keychain.club/Esfand ▶Twitter: https://twitter.com/EsfandTV​ ▶Reddit: https://www.reddit.com/r/EsfandTV ▶Discord: https://discord.gg/EsfandTV​ ▶Instagram: https://instagram.com/EsfandTV Edited by: Fakomi #Esfand​ #twitch​ #streamer​ #EsfandTV​ EsfandTV http://www.youtube.com/esfandtv/

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Guys, we are here at the Raiders game with Wake. It's going to be a crazy day. So Madden hooked this up. A little special edition, NFL edition tailgate tour. We're here at the Raiders Stadium, and we're here with the Madden Cruiser. You guys can check that out. We were maddened. If you want to complain about the game, they got a hotline. We can literally call and complain about the ratings. So they got the bus inside of there. They got game stations out here. So NFL tailgates, a little bit different than college tailgates. I've never done an NFL tailgate before. So it's a brand new experience for me. We're here in Las Vegas. But yeah, like I said, NFL legend running back. Marshawn Lynch is going to be here and joining us. And I was like, dude, this is going to be sick. We're going to do some maddened minigames for a little bit. And then we'll walk around the tailgates and we'll do it. How's it going? Good to meet you. I'm S-Fan. How are you doing? Yeah, good. Bro, I thought you would have been ready by now. Well, I was waiting on you. Man, are you cheating this shit? You couldn't have a gift from people in the family. No, I was not. I was not. But they ain't even in the game. I would never disrespect you like that. Who team you on? Who do I? See, I got to redeem the Cavals. I got to redeem them. They got to work here. Bro, you're going to have to play Madden for about another 10 years to redeem the Cavals. Tell them, bro. I'm on the game. Man, get it? Oh, that is how it is. You can take them out. Go to the end of the game. You got to get them right. Take yourself out. I'll put in big ass and full back to some. They haven't gone black for a while. Feel me? You try to cheat me, bro. What? No, I made you good. You walk around with a mic on? No, this isn't even work. I do this when I'm talking to people. Is the whole team full of martial arts, bro? How did you set it up to where I was going to be the player on any team I picked? No, no, I knew you were going to pick the Raiders. You didn't. I watched film. I know you grew up a Raiders man. Oh, your return kicks, too, look at this. Yeah, that's what, ooh. See, I told you. Get in faith, and then get to the damn 20-yard line. Fat ass out of here. No, get him out of the game, though. Oh, hold on, he a 99? They got a boy, your boy, at 99 right now. Man, you feel me? I'm going to show love to the running back there. That's how we rock. There you go, OK, cool. You ever watch Twitch at all? You know what Twitch is? When you play on Twitch, you don't watch Twitch. Oh, yeah, yeah, but I mean, you watch it, too, because you watch other people play. Well, I don't just play. Yeah, man, you don't watch people. Like, they're watching right now. They're live. Hey, no power to them. But I'd rather play than just be watching you play. Why would I watch you play if I could play myself? That's a good question, because there's no reason to watch me play, but other people. But I'm just saying, other people, too, if you don't want to play me there, why would I play you? I was hoping you were going to show up in a golf cart. Oh! Oh, and you out here acting bad. You don't look like you play man, but I respect that. Wait, why do you mean I don't look like I play man? Because you don't look like you play man. It's because I look so ugly. You look like you play Minecraft or something. OK. Or like one of them games with the dragons and shit. Oh, yeah, yeah, I play games with dragons. Yeah, yeah, yeah. I do that. We got about 10,000 people in chat right now. Yo, what? What is it 10,000 people watching you play? They're watching you play. They're not here for me, they're just watching you now. They don't get on camera man. No, because they in there for a reason. 10,000 people could be actually playing themselves, but they sitting here watching us. Well, they're probably playing or like they're working or whatever and then they're just watching us on the other monitor on TV. Well, it's a lot of shit going on. But I still think you got your game from roadblocks. Not ever playing. Get that shit out of here. You got to catch that him right in the hands. Pour it down. Man, you got to pun it. You got to pun it. 47. Bruh, you got to pun it, bruh. Bruh, you got to pun it, bruh. You cheating, bruh. I'm cheating. Bruh, you got to pun it, bruh. I paid this guy. I paid this guy $3 million a year. Is that going to do his job? No shit. I know I should have whined about you, bruh. Oh, you smoked it. Should have punted, man. Oh, no, did you do it on purpose? Bring your ass back over here, dog. You did that shit on purpose. I did not. Bring your weird ass on, pick up and stick, so I can commit to whooping your ass. Why you do that? I did not. It's the difficulty. What the difficulty got to do with it? When I play on my own, it's harder, so it's faster. So my brain, I was used to going, isn't it easy to play on his stick still? Yeah. It was too easy. It was too easy, so it was too slow. Hey, man, he really out here trying to play me also. He just played me on some corn ball and shit. Come on. You got five seconds, bruh. You just played me on some corn ball and shit, bruh. Get that over. No, what the fuck? I told you you'd be here. What the fuck was that, bruh? Like I said, I had no idea what you done. I'm all, what is it, star Madden, and you playing on rookie, bruh. I'm on Madden. How you try to do me like this? No, I'm not. Oh, it's for y'all. It's for the streamers, the individuals watching this. No, man, no, man. For the inches. Do you go for it? No, you got to put a little shit on me. You kidding me? No, no, no. See, that's how I know for sure. You get no GM job. You feel me? You cannot coach. What do you mean? Bruh, you got to punt that, bruh. No, punning is no loser. Losers punt. Winners win. Oh, man. Oh, that's a good play, bruh. I like that play. What's a good one? Yeah, I like that play. Post-corner in the middle? What? Say that again. It was like a post-corner, but it was over the middle. Can you run out for them back in? Corner post. I played online in D-line. It's OK. I was in D-line, man. I'm not here to judge. I'm not here to judge. Look at me. You think I ever ran around in my life? Yeah. Well, I appreciate that. I'm not judging, bro. That's what I'm saying. But look, we here to help each other. I'm not going to let you put that kind of thing. OK, OK. Get some. I see what you're doing. Oh, he ain't. Good job. Good job, bro. So you said this, you do this all day? No, I play Madden sometimes. I play everything. I do Madden sometimes. I do a lot of this, where I walk around, I go travel, I go to college games. I'm going to just keep it a beam with you, bro. I know I've seen how you was going to play me from the jump when you put my shit on. Superstar and you put yours on the roof. I knew you was up to something, but at the end of the day, bro, I'm going to show, you know, I'm talking about the type of individual I am. I'm going to make sure you do your dougie, you feel me? So I couldn't come on your screen and you know, I'm talking about disrespect you, I promise. So I got to let you, you feel me? We'll see. OK, so from now on, now I want you to pour it on. Because these guys, trust me, these 10,000 people would love nothing more than to just see me get my ass beat. Why is that? They brought you for a reason. Yeah, because they want to see me get my ass beat. Oh, no, that ain't the same. No shot. Get the f**k out of there. Just go and breakdance in this s**t. You can't just go family play. God damn. How are you pumped, mate, bro? I think you've double capped it. Oh, my Lord. Come on, dude, I had him. He said he's having, he's like 30, and he's having the best career of his years so far, man. 30, a youngster. See, you say that now. He is a youngster. Yeah, but you say that because you're a hero. No, he's a youngster, bro. How old are you now? I'm 37. It's awful sport. Next year, trade eight. Snub, no. See, look at this guy. His confidence goes through the ruby scores. Well, I just told you it was different, because at first, you know what I mean? It was what it was, and now it's going to change. But it was smooth. Just let me ask you, so in a day, how often do you turn on your switch? I'm like 12 hours a day. Every day? This is what my day is. Every day, I wake up at 9. I'm in meetings for three hours. I got calls, I got meetings. I'm a businessman. I own four businesses. Oh, what kind of business is this that you're talking about? I own a computer company, talent management company. Like, you manage Twitchers? Yeah. All right. So we got that, and we got a publishing company for video games. Okay. So a published video game. All right. I coached the Cowboys. Okay, well, that it's white. Yeah, see, no, no, no, no, no, this is bad. Look. He didn't even try to go for it. See, the confidence. You know what? They lost the confidence. You know what? It's not my concern. See, now he's trying because he's playing with himself. Earlier, he was going to try. Now he's trying. See before. No, they ain't got nothing to do with it. Yes, it is. Yes, it is. I told you, I ain't got nothing to do with it. See, now here's what's going to happen. At first, he's like, oh, it's 40. So what did I tell you? What did I tell you? You said you're 40. I want, I'm for show, so. But look, I said I wanted to get a play in here with Blur, right? Oh my gosh. Look, there it is. Hey, it's been a pleasure, my guy. I appreciate it. Yeah, hey man, look, check this out. Yeah. You stay blessed. Yeah, I appreciate you too. You stay blessed, young fellow. But wear your microphone. I want a microphone. Yeah, here, you can get the microphone for a little bit. Hey, man, thank you. Hey, thank you all out there. Yeah, I'm talking about you. God bless and good night. Hey, can you, can you, would you do me a huge favor? I got this Raiders helmet two years ago. Would you sign this for me? No, go get a cowboy helmet. I don't got a cowboy helmet. I do, but it's a Tony Romo one. There it is, look at that. Some Roblox stuff, man. He came with his V-Bucks and got an URB. Hey, this one's going on my shelf. Now I appreciate it, man, for real, for real. Thank you so much. That was fun. Your man game ain't trash. Thanks, dude, I appreciate it. All right, we'll see you around, man, for real. Thank you. Dude, that was sick. There you go. Future Hall of Famer. Margeon was great, dude. That was an absolute blast, man. Guys, this is Gorilla Rilla, the biggest Raiders fan in the world. How many years you've been doing this? Almost 30 years. 30 years. Almost three decades, guys. Three decades. How did you become Gorilla Rilla for the first time? How'd you gain your super powers? You know what, man? First and foremost, the foundation of it all, I was born in Halloween. There you go. I was born with a mask on. So that's how it all started. And when I came back in 1995, I was at a yard sale, I was in a suit, I bought it for $20. It was born then. It's prophecy. Maybe someday I could be like the successor to Gorilla Rilla. Oh, you would be a perfect Gorilla. You'd get the hair, the fur. I probably don't need much. Yeah, I don't need too much. I got everything for you. I got the suit, I got the jersey, I got the hat. OK, let's get it on. You just show both of you from behind. It's not much of a change. I just turned. Look at that. Oh, yeah, look at his font. Halfway there. OK, oh, we'll get real sweaty. Oh, yeah, he'll get wet and ready. OK. Well, how come my face ID works? What the heck? Face ID? Oh, my God. What the heck is this? What the hell are we showing Viper's fans here? Hey, let's go right now! Hey! That's a stunt stunt, son. I am a Viper! This is like a whole thing. You start this, and it's like a culture. I'm like, other fans, those people come, and they show up in the Gorilla costume, four-radar games. There's no territorial nature here amongst these Gorillas. They're very open. There's no sense that this is my part of the land now. Yeah, it's like a culture that's been established from the computer. Like, that's three, four, five. Everyone wants a piece. Packers fans, raiders fans. Can you, as a Packers fan, take a photo? You absolutely can't. We've got to figure out what some of these fans think about the addition of the second Gorilla-Rilla. How do you guys feel about the addition of a second Gorilla-Rilla? Is that something you think the Raiders Nation could be open to, or what are we thinking? Nothing. It could all be built in. What do you think the max limit is? How many Gorilla-Rillas can we add to the fleet? Ain't no limit. Are you guys from, are you guys from, what's your name? No, we actually from Virginia. Virginia? Richmond. How'd you guys become Raiders fans? It started with me, like, in the sixth or seventh grade, Bo Jackson and Marcus Allen. That'll do it. Bo Jackson, that'll do it. Now, I was a kid, and now I just fell in love with him. Yeah, absolutely. Hope for a good win tonight. Thanks so much for your time, dude. Infinite Gorilla-Rillas are acceptable. You heard it here first. How do you feel about, as a Packers fan, taking a photo with Gorilla-Rilla? Ah, it's fair game. Fair game. If you guys came to us, and you want to take a picture with Senority's head, you should be able to take a picture with Senority's head. It's fair, it's fair, it's fair. Is it like a trophy? Like, are you collecting these? Like, if you win, is it like, you know, like keeping a deer head or something? You know what I mean? You can always flag it. Yeah. With what we did. In case I wake up tomorrow and don't do anything, at least I'm not sure if I'm allowed to. Is there a chance of you not remembering anything? There's a chance. We are. What are the odds you don't remember anything from today? Tomorrow. 50-50. 50-50. That's a good game. That's my third night here. It's been 50-50. Last two nights, all you know. Let's go. Thank you so much for your time, and I appreciate it. 50-50. How did the tattoo come to be? When did you get it? Why? That's the story. Well, I'm a Diarrator fan, of course. And I got, when Al Davis died, my sisters and I went out and got matching radar tattoos, which is when I got that one. What's your most memorable moment as a Raiders fan? Oh my gosh, meeting Charles Watson at his winery and him signing my back. He signed your back? He signed my back. That's your next dad? That's my next dad. I know. Thank you so much, of course. You know what I think is so cool? These like giant medallions people have. They're just these full board. They're everywhere. I gotta figure out where to get one. We need a Raiders medallion. I believe the Raiderettes specifically requested Esfango on stage to meet them. So thank you. I guess what's going on? They'll tell you it's a little different than cars tell you. A little bit different, but man, it is cool. It is like the culture and the environment. The fact that like Gorilla Rilla basically establishes whole like community tradition is unreal. Like that's sad. Yeah, my daughter supports the Packers and she has done for the university. So we traveled to watch the Packers. I'm a Raiders fan myself. I like soccer in London, Tottenham Hotspur. Sure, sure. And we've been to Lambeau. We've been to Washington last year. We've been to Minnesota to see Vikings. All to see the Packers play. No kidding. How do you compare the atmosphere of football in London versus American football here? That's a really good question because I talk to a lot of American people about it. In London, soccer is more tribal. It's more aggressive. You support your team and it's a bit more aggravation. Yeah, like, well, I'm a Tottenham fan. We hate the Gooners. Here, everyone gets together. They segregate fans in England to stop the hassle. Yeah. Whereas here, everyone sits together. It's far more civilized. Oh, look at you two. Yeah. But you speak to some American people and they like the age, the aggravation in the sort of the English soccer. They say this is a bit too tame for them. But for me, this is far more civilized. Oh, yeah. But there's a very interesting difference. So what do you prefer? Depending on the day, I've grown up in soccer, so I'm used to soccer. But days like today, I can come along, relax, and I enjoy the occasion more. I've got soccer when your team's playing in a foreign age. Sure, yeah. Different times. You know what's going to happen, you know? It's a lot of almost scoring. Exactly. Exactly. It's nice, good fun. Absolutely. Thank you for your presentation. You're welcome. Let's go find the Gorillas. This is great. Yeah, thank you. Thank you. Give me a hug. Now, this is awesome. I mean, this whole culture, everything you guys built, put together. You see, it's so cool because like the fans are just like, it's a greater nation, you know? And they just want to be a part. They just want to see Gorilla, Gorilla. They get excited. Like, it's sick. It's actually like, it's awesome. I love seeing it. All right, we'll see you. Hey, hey, man. Hey, man. Love working with you guys. The Gorilla family, baby. I am the father. We better, we better than AA meeting. That was great. That was so, dude, the culture. I appreciate it. Can we take this off? Oh my gosh. Thank you. Holy. Chad, by the way, again, Madden hooked this whole thing up, got us to play with, with Marshawn Lynch and everything. Instead of the whole thing with Gorilla, Gorilla, it's a huge shout out to Madden. If you're new here, make sure to follow the stream, turn on your notifications. We're not done yet, Chad. You guys want to go to the pro shops, see what they sell at the games? Let's say, let's walk this way. Let's do it. Dude, this feels like a legendary stream. It's been amazing. Look at this, Chad. We're here. This is the official Raiders team shop. Dude, I wonder how many, how much merch, how many jerseys and stuff they sell on game days. Oh, really? They got buys this. Which one's better? The line? Raiders have it with a line like this? Or this one? One or two? Chad, which one's better? One or two? I think I want one of these. Black though? I mean, that's the color. It's black and white. Someone was paying for half a hat. Dude. You guys have, I guess I'm like the Samoans. Do they want to chain that badly? They really want to chain. I'll go get a chain. Which chain do we get? Chad, you save $45. This is real gold. It's gold. This is gold. And then this is real silver. They call it cream gold. Yeah. Undisputed, dude. Undisputed, heavyweight champion. Chad, it's electric. This is NFL football. Packers, Raiders, Wade Wilder, heavyweight champion in the world. It's Monday night. Thank you so much for joining us. The game is about to kick off. It's on ESPN. Maybe you'll see us in the stands.

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Kelsey Grammer's LUXURY Mansions: From Malibu to Britain & Hidden Catskills Retreat! | HOUSE TOUR

Kelsey Grammer's LUXURY Mansions: From Malibu to Britain & Hidden Catskills Retreat! | HOUSE TOUR SUBSCRIBE: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCkrKgPRTzgfFE6NLWvx3vUQ?sub_confirmation=1 Join us as we tour the luxurious homes of Emmy-winning actor Kelsey Grammer! From the glitz of Hollywood in his former Malibu estate to his serene escape in the Catskills, and now his recent acquisition in Britain, dive into the lavish life of this iconic actor. 🏠✨ Dive deep into the Malibu mansion, frequently showcased on 'Real Housewives of Beverly Hills'. Discover Kelsey's secret retreat in the Catskills and his plans for his newest property in Britain. Kelsey's homes are as captivating as his illustrious career! 🎭 For more exciting tours of celebrity homes, subscribe to our channel and don't forget to check out our latest news at https://famousnews.ai. #KelseyGrammer #LuxuryHomes #CelebrityHouses #BeforeTheyWereFamous #HollywoodMansions 🔗 USEFUL LINKS 🔗: 🔗 https://www.instagram.com/karathevampireslayer 🌟 https://beforetheywerefamous.com/ 📰 https://famousnews.io/ 🌐 https://famousluxury.co Timecodes: 0:00 - INTRO 0:25 - MALIBU ESTATE (FORMER) 2:45 - LONGTIME HOME IN CATSKILLS 4:45 - BUYS HOME IN BRITAIN 6:30 - Conclusion & Wrap Up 6:55 - End Credits/Outro Stay Connected With Us: 📸 Instagram - 🔗 https://www.instagram.com/famousluxuryco 🔗 https://www.instagram.com/karathevampireslayer

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Actor Kelsey Grammer has long owned a home in upstate New York where he also opened his own brewery and in early 2023 he bought a property across the pond in Britain. While he lives away from the glitz and glamour of Hollywood these days, it wasn't always that way. Back in 2015, Kelsey and his ex-wife Camille Grammer, star of The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills, sold their former massive mansion located in the Malibu Hills. This mega home, set on five acres of land with ocean views and boasted nearly 7,000 square feet of space, with stunning features like a two-story ballroom and a kitchen designed by Wolfgang Puck himself. The estate was stunning, offering everything from a resort-sized swimming pool to horse stables, and it was also seen often in Camille's Real Housewives TV episodes. It last appeared on the market for sale at just under $20 million. In 2019, Kelsey Grammer's one-time lavish estate in Malibu came on the market for a whopping $19.95 million, which was the marital mansion he shared with ex-wife Camille Grammer. Thanks to Camille's starring role on the Bravo Reality series Real Housewives of Beverly Hills, this home was featured heavily on the show for the first two seasons. Kelsey and Camille got married in 1997 and bought the five-acre compound in the Malibu Hills a year later for $4.5 million. The five-time Emmy-winning actor known for his roles in Frasier & Cheers met Camille in 1996. Despite many years living in the stunning mansion, the couple would eventually divorce in 2001, and Camille continued to live there for about a year afterwards. Kelsey's former French country-style property was sold in 2015 for $13 million and has been on and off the market ever since. Kelsey and Camille's former residence was stunning and fully guardgated, located in the celeb-favored pocket of Sarah Retreat in Malibu. He has stayed spent a total of almost 14,000 square feet, while the main house measured in at 6,650 square feet, with seven bedrooms and 13 baths. Elsewhere on the property, there were outbuildings like a guest house, a carriage house, and multiple other structures. Once past the 24-7-Gardi gates and into the mansion, you'll find that the home is stylish in every room. Boasting spaces like a handful of living and dining rooms, and even a two-story ballroom with stunning chandelier. This space was ideal for hosting large functions and formal gathering. For more intimate occasions, there were living and family rooms throughout the home, many of which had fireplaces and outdoor access. The impressive and spacious kitchen was actually designed by Wolf, King, Puck himself, and offered wood beam ceilings, two islands, chef-grade appliances, and even a pizza oven. The kitchen flowed into an indoor-outdoor dining area too. With a mansion this big, the highlights inside were endless. Kelsey no doubt had access to a handful of activities, whether he wanted to relax in the 14-person home theater, or read a good book in the wood paneled library. There's also a wine cellar in the main mansion, while a building near the pool contained the property's home gym and a spa. The master suite that Kelsey occupied for years had a sitting room as well as a private terrace with views of the mountains and ocean, the same views that grace most of the impressive property. All of the guest suites in the mansion had their own fireplaces for a cozy stay. Aside from the handy outbuildings on the ground, there were features like a horse-riding ring and six-star horse barn, all of which were surrounded by landscape gardens and a lily pond. There was also a resort-sized free-form swimming pool along with two spas, a bathhouse and elsewhere a tennis court. The alfresco dining could be enjoyed on one of the terraces, or cooked outside in the barbecue area where there's even an outdoor fireplace. Kelsey Gramerit left the glitz and glamour of Hollywood a while ago to live in the Catskills area of Upstate New York, where he lives with his current wife, Katie, who he married in 2011 along with their children. Kelsey's Faith American Brewing Company is located in the town of Margaretville, where he owns a home. When growing up, he spent Thanksgiving at a farm in Kingston, just nearby, a time he described as the most idyllic of his life. There's little to no information about Kelsey's long-time property out here because he chooses to keep this part of his life private. We do know that Margaretville is a friendly and small village located in the Catskill Mountains of New York State. It borders on Catskill Park's 770,000 acres of preserved, protected, wild, public land. Margaretville is full of farmlands, golf courses, hunting, kayaking, hiking, camping, and a bunch of other outdoor activities. It seems like Kelsey's current lifestyle is a lot different from his former time living in Beverly Hills. According to the actor, he had long had a vision to bring a brewery to his small town in the Catskills and founded his Faith Brewing Company in 2015. However, over the years, the actor had only spoke about it on and off, and even as recently as 2021, it was reported that it's hard to find his beers widely available. We do know that Kelsey's brewing company is Christian themed, and it's something of a labor of love for Kelsey. He said about his life out in Margaretville, We've got a lot of love here, my wife and I, she loves this place as much as I do. We raise our three children here, our family comes here, our extended family comes here all the time, and it's always a loving experience. It was always a fantastic environment in which to like, watch kids grow, and to think about what people can do, they just care enough about something. While Kelsey and his wife, Katie, love their life in New York states, most recently in early 2023, he purchased another property for his family across the pond in England, where his wife is from. It's not where you might imagine in England though, it's actually in a small town near Bristol. The actor has been a regular visitor to the North Somerset town Portishead for years. He announced that he and his wife had purchased a little place in the town and are now working on the property. In an interview with Radio Bristol, Kelsey said, I love the people of Portishead and the time we spend there. We've actually bought a place there, a little place we are going to be working on. Katie, his wife, who is 26 years, his junior is the daughter of former Bristol City footballer and Bristol rovers coach Alan Walsh. He continued on about their new property. We won't be taking up residence for a while, but yeah, we're pretty excited about it. We have a little view of Wales from the channel there. The actor has been seen regularly in Portishead, which gave its name to the 90s band, usually while he's visiting Katie's family. Although it's not known exactly where in town the property is, Kelsey said that it was close to the coast. After looking at what we know about Kelsey Grammer's properties, that'll wrap up this house tour. Before we go, answer this question for me. If you had 500 acres of land to yourself, what would you do with it? For me, I definitely think it would be a dog-sank-drait or like a farm, but let me know down in the comments what you would do and don't forget to like, subscribe, and follow me on Instagram to chat. I'm Cara the Vampire Slayer and if you want to check out another tour before you go, stay tuned for this look into the homes of Amanda Saifried also owns a house in the Catskills. Bye!

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Wolfson Centre Services | Tour of the pilot plant and testing laboratories

Come on a virtual tour that highlights some of our key pieces of equipment that are used for industrial consultancy projects and for research activities. If you prefer to skip to a specific topic, please use these time markers: Road tanker filling 0:42 – 1:40, Pneumatic Conveying and Rotary Valves 1:40 – 4:36, Segregation 5:34 – 7:37 and 19:47 – 21:21, Particle breakage 7:37 – 9:21, Dust in processes 9:21 – 12:32, General characterisation techniques 4:40 – 5:34, 12:35 – 19:12 and 26:19 – 31:05, Size and shape analysis 21:21 – 26:19, Sampling 31:05 – 32:56, Fluidisation 32:56 – 34:04 Wolfson Centre | University of Greenwich www.gre.ac.uk/engsci/research/groups/wolfsoncentre wolfson-enquiries@gre.ac.uk 020 8331 8646

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Wel i'r cyfnod, a gweithio'r Wolffesyn Cymru i'r cyfnod yr Bio-Soldat Cymru. Yn mynd i'r Mike Bradley. Rhywbeth yma'n cyfnod o'r Wolffesyn Cymru, a rhaid i'r profesiad yw'r Bio-Soldat Cymru i'r Unedig Pwgolig. Felly yn y Llyfrgell Gweithgol. A gydag yma yna'n ymlaen i gael y piler o'r labn, ac rhaid i'n gweithio'n gweithio'r cyfnod o'r ffordd o'r ffordd o'r ddweithiau, a how they might relate to your problems and needs in powder handling. So first of all we've got a test rig here. This simulates the flow of material particularly fine powders when we're doing the filling of road tankers and rail tankers. A lot of people have problems with getting just the right amount of material in the right condition in logistics tanks such as I described. I that rig we've got here, we place a significant quantity of powder in the top section, drop the material through, we can measure its condition of aeration, adjust that if necessary, catch the material in the bottom, see how it flows, how it settles, and what the bulk density is which is critical to filling those 10% we then re-circulate the material through a screw-convir here, so that bring some material back up to the top so that we can recirculate and do further tests. So I'm going to show you our pneumatic conveying test rigs. Pneumatic conveying is one of the areas that we're historically best known for. We have one of the world's best facilities for pneumatic conveying pilot plant testing and quite a number of Wolfson sent, ex-Wolfson send of people have become quite important in this area of industry ond. Felly we have here a blow tank test rig, which is very similar to what we use in industry. Much of our pilot plant equipment here is at the, shall we say, the smaller end of the industrial scale. So we can do testing which is realistic, which is scalable to what would happen in the plant. So this is very similar to what is used on a road tanker or a rail tanker or indeed a land-based blow tank, where powder is put into here, pressurised with air, and then the material is driven out around the pipelines. We have test pipelines which run around our building inside the building and also around the yard outside, something like 140 metres of pipeline of each of three different sizes, again commensurate with industrial sizing. The material then is received in the receiving hopper, which is on the top of the rig, so that we can measure the flow rate of material. We can adjust the air flow, adjust the powder flow, measure the way in which the powder behaves, and that gives us the properties we need to predict how it's going to behave in a full-scale pipeline. And then we've got a second rig over here, which works in many ways very similar. We have a blow tank which puts powder into the pipeline, supplied also with air from the same compressors. One of the differences on this rig is that in the midsection here we have what we call a full stream cross-cut sampler. And the advantage of that is that we can take samples of material between conveying runs and before and after conveying, so that we can actually measure change of the material during conveying, moisture uptake, particle degradation and so on. Rotary valves are a very important part of many pneumatic conveying systems, and to many users of pneumatic conveying systems they describe them as the bane of their lives, because there are so many different design options that need to be selected from, there are so many different potential problem areas with them, and there are so many different effects that they can have on the material. So a study of the science of how rotary valves work, how to select them, their interaction with the material is a very important part of our research and consultancy. One of the important things about most powders and bulk solids is that they are affected by ambient conditions. Temperature and humidity affect their moisture content, the way they flow, the way they behave, and very often ambient conditions vary in factories and in external storage piles and so on, but also many materials are processed at different conditions apart from ambient. So quite a lot of our work we use climate chambers in order to condition material and measure their properties at those different conditions. So in this chamber here we can dial in temperature and humidity from north to 100% humidity and minus 40 to plus 180 degrees C, and we have in here a machine which measures the flow properties of the materials and so we can condition the material, we can undertake the testing at those controlled conditions. One of the most important keys to success in bulk solids handling is understanding the behavior of the material. Measuring that material behavior is what we call characterization, and characterization instruments is something we've done a lot of development of here at the Wolfson Centre. One of the things that happens with powders when they move, they have a tendency to separate. This is a mixture of mung beans and couscous that have a size ratio of about 3 to 1. Many real bulk solids actually have a wider size range than that, and you can see that what has happened, as the material has been filled into here, the beans being larger have rolled towards the outside, the couscous being smaller has stayed in the middle. So if this is something that we've deliberately made a mixture of, or indeed if it's just a natural material with a range of sizes, this can cause us immense problems with processing. So what we've got here is a characterization instrument that enables us to measure that tendency of materials to separate. So this was developed through a project funded by UK Research Council, EPSRC, a number of years ago, and it's a segregation tester. This is what we call autosegregation of materials, and it's the same process that happens when you see sand and stones on the beach. You get the pebbles at the top, the shingle partway down the sand at the bottom, and this is the natural tendency of materials. So we put our test material into this little mixer here, we mix it, we allow it to flow out, form an angle of repose here, and then we can sample it, and that gives us a measurement of this natural tendency to segregate. And that tells us either if that's going to be a problem in a process, we need to either change the material, or we need to change the process in order to reduce the tendency to segregate the material. Another important thing in many bulk solids processes is the breakage of particles. When you buy a jar of coffee granules, you expect to get a jar of granules, not half a jar of granules and half a jar of dust. So the breakage of materials when they're handled, and reduced perhaps from pellets into dust like this, causes a lot of problems in many industrial processes. So what we've developed here is another characterization technique which enables us to measure that particle breakage. It's what we call a degradation tester. So we feed the particles into this spinning disk here from which they flow through the disk, they're fired against these targets here, and then we pick up the broken bits afterwards, the broken pellets or whatever else they may be, granules, and we do a measurement of the degradation. From that we determine what we call the breakage matrix, which is a physical numerical representation of the tendency of the material to break. And then from that breakage matrix we can predict how these particles are going to break down in handling, whether it be through a pneumatic conveyor, a transfer point in a belt conveyor, drop onto a stockpile or any other part of a process. And then we can use this to evaluate the improvements to maybe the strength of the particles or the harshness of the process can be reduced, which again we can evaluate using this tester. So let's talk a little bit about dust. Dust causes immense problems in every industry that handles and processes bulk and powder materials, whether we're talking minerals and mining, quarrying or at the other end pharmaceuticals, food, anywhere there are particulate materials there will be dust. Dust causes problems with health. If you breathe dust in it can be very harmful to health, a recognition in recent years of the dangers of breathing particulate materials, especially what are known as PM5s and PM2.5s has revolutionised the attention this area gets. Not only from the perspective of inhaling of dust, but also dust explosions. Dust explosions kill many people as well. And the expense of tidying up the mess created by dust and the annoyance that it causes to neighbours is also a huge problem in many industries. So three different things here I'm going to talk about that relate to dust. I'm going to start over here first of all. This machine answers the question how dusty is the material that I'm going to be handling? So this is what we call a dust emissivity test. It's a characterisation technique where we place some dust inside this rotator, place our bulk material inside this rotating drum and as it turns so the material tumbles around inside we draw air through and we collect the dust on a filter in here. And the quantity of dust collected gives us an objective measurement of the ability of that material to emit dust. So that's very important to us if we're handling let's say a new cargo that we've not come across before or if we're manufacturing a material that is going to be used in a factory a particulate material. They need to know how dusty is it going to be. So that's how dusty a material is. Obviously very often we use filters in order to capture dust so we have a filter test rig here. This enables us to run tests and undertake research on the performance of filters, how good they are at capturing and separating materials and not allowing dust through and indeed how easy they are to clean. So the design of the filters, the type of material used, the design of the baghouse itself, these are all critical things that we undertake a lot of research and testing on. And then over here still related to filters, this is our filter media test rig. So in here we can put samples of different types of the filtration medium that go into these filters and we can make an objective test at how good they are at stopping the powder, the dust from getting through and indeed what pressure drop that they cause. And so this gives us the fundamental information that enables us to evaluate the materials that goes to manufacture these filters that we see here. So you've seen the pilot plant area where we have the more industrial scale of test equipment. Now I'm just going to show you briefly around our laboratory area where we do small scale bulk experiments and characterization of materials. So first of all I'm going to take you over to these instruments over here. This instrument here is what we call the DVS or Dynamic Vapor Sorption Analyzer. I mentioned earlier that most powders and bulk solids are affected to some degree by the effect of humidity, moisture uptake and loss. And what this instrument does, it measures how the moisture content varies with ambient humidity that the powder is exposed to. So as you can see on the graph here, along the bottom we have the humidity of the air and on the y axis you can see this is how the mass of the powder changes because of uptake and then loss of water. So here we see placing a sample of powder in the DVS in order to undertake a measurement of its response to airborne humidity. So once the chamber is closed up the computer control on this instrument automatically ramps humidity up and down with stocks for a suitable period at step values of humidity and it observes for the stability of the material mass of that humidity and how that changes before it moves on to the next one. Then from that we can construct what we call the moisture sorption curve of the powder which shows how the moisture content varies with humidity. So here we have an instrument that measures the density of particles. We have two different types of densities with bulk materials. We have what we call the bulk density which is the volume that an assembly of particles occupies in relation to its mass but of course part of that is full of air. So we also need to know the true solid density of the particles and that's what this equipment measures. It's called a picnometer. So let's talk about powder flow properties. This instrument the PFT or Powder Flow Ability Tester developed here at the Wolfson Centre and used now worldwide manufactured by Brookfield Engineering. This measures the ability of a powder to flow or not flow in a process and one of the things about powders is when you have a powder that is fine or that has a high surface energy or that is moist it demonstrates what we call cohesion which is the ability to stick together. Let me just demonstrate this. We're all familiar with making a snowball. This isn't snow or may look like it it's the same sort of colour. This is actually a pharmaceutical powder and you can see it's in a loose condition here. If I pick this up in my hand like many powders and I squeeze it when I open my hand it maintains a structure a strength here and this makes the powder hard to handle. So what we measure in terms of powder flow properties is the relationship between how hard I've squeezed the powder and the strength of the resulting aglomerate and the relationship between those two is what we call the flow function. So the way in which this instrument works is we place a powder sample in the test cell here with this placed we start a test under computer control which compacts the powder shears it in order to consolidate it at a controlled stress and then we change to a different stress and we shear again to measure the strength of the powder. Under automatic control this runs about 40 different tests at different values of consolidation stress and test stress. The data comes up on a graph over here which shows the effect of the stress the measured strength of the material versus the test stress that we use for a range of different consolidating stresses and on here what we see is what are known as the yield loci for the powder for different consolidation stresses. They're fitted with Moore's circles as shown and then from that analysis we calculate what is known as the flow function of the powder and the flow function is the unique fingerprint of the powder that relates its strength to the stress that has been applied to it. So by using this instrument and making that measurement of powder flow function we can then determine how large an outlet is required on a hopper or a feeder or a silo to get reliable flow with this material or alternatively we can use this the other way we use this very frequently and many of the users worldwide use it in this way for powder formulation optimization in other words adjusting the formulation of their powders and the manufacturing of their powders to generate as it were user friendly handling properties and that's one of the most popular uses of this but it's also widely used for quality control as well checking from batch to batch with powders that powders have consistent flow properties and those consistent flow properties often mean then that the the powder has consistent processing properties in its use so it's used for for example measurement of the coffee grounds that go into the pods that go into into coffee makers because a consistent flow ability here indicates a consistent particle property which means that then when you make the coffee using the pod you get a consistent flavour from the coffee also used for many other industries as well in pharmaceuticals in in aggregates inquiring mining and so on as well so here we have the so-called powder spreadability tester and this relates to additive manufacturing or 3d printing manufacturing of components by taking powders and fixing the grains together to make a component rather than taking a block of metal and machining away what you don't want is very is a very fast growing trend in manufacturing lends itself very well to high value components and small production runs and so on so that's the powder spreadability tester moving on we talked yesterday about segregation and the ability of particles the natural tendency of particles to separate by size we referred to what we call free surface segregation where when you have a heap of particles the larger ones tend to roll to the bottom the smaller ones than to stay in the middle there is a different kind of segregation which occurs commonly in many processes called air induced segregation and this commonly happens where a powder blend may be for a pharmaceutical or food manufacturing typically is dropped down a shoot from one process to another and the counter flow of air causes the fines to be stripped out and this instrument captures and makes an objective measurement of that trend of the powder to separate by size so within this we place the powder in a hopper on the top here and it runs an automatic program that turns on an airflow drops the powder and then we separate the parts of this column and we measure the size distribution or chemical analysis or maybe taste or smell or whatever it else that is we're interested in between those separate segments so the machine works automatically it runs a test in a standard way and then that provides information to us really about how easily that powder separates and again we can use that either for improvement of processes or for improvement of formulations to reduce that problem in manufacturing size and shape analysis of the particles within a powder or bulk solid is very important because that controls critically many of the aspects of their behavior we have four different methods of measuring particle sizes and shapes here at the Wolfson centre all of which have their own advantages and disadvantages so the machine we have over here this is the optical size and shape analyzer this uses air to disperse particles onto a slide it then takes pictures of all the individual particles and produces for us an analysis of the distribution of the sizes and also the distribution of the shapes as well and then over here on this side we have a laser particle size analyzer so this uses diffraction of laser light the particles go into this dispenser here and in the machine the particles are projected in an air stream across a laser sheet and the diffraction of that laser light enables us then to determine the size distribution of the particles within that sample this is particularly useful for where we're dealing with extremely fine particles often for coarser particles we use sieve analysis and we have a sieve analyzer so the sieve analyzer is operated from the computer here and then this then gives us a simple print out of the size distribution of the particles within the analysis as we see here the principle of sieve analysis for size distribution measurement is to use a stack of sieves something like this with different size holes so we place them on top of one another we shake the sieves and the particles of different sizes stop on those different sieves now the old-fashioned way of doing this of course is to weigh these sieves put them together put the material in shake it and then take the part and weigh them again that's very labor intensive and very often we have dozens and dozens of sieve analyses to do for a project so we use a computer controlled robotic sieve analyzer here and the way in which this works is that we place the sieves inside the machine and we have a variety of sieves of different sizes in here largest at the top the smallest at the bottom and when we're ready to run what we do is to load the sample sample is pre-wade over here we place that in the machine and then we start the machine under computer control at the end of the cleaning cycle the machine brings all the clean sieves back together ready for the next analysis so here we have another method for size analysis by sieving that applies particularly to particles that are too fine or too cohesive to drop through a normal vibrating sieve under gravity and this we call our air swept sieve the way in this machine the way in which this machine works is that we have a variety of different sizes of sieves here but we can go down to much smaller sizes than on the ordinary shaker sieve this enables us to sieve down to about 12 microns and the way in which the machine works so as well as having the vibration on the sieve that goes in here it also has in here a device which projects an airflow through the sieve while the vibration is being applied and that enables us to encourage a flow through the sieve of particles that would otherwise either ball up or stick on the sieve and there are many advantages of sieve analysis one being that it's a particularly direct and reliable way of sizing particles but obviously this extends the reach of that technology so some other different characterization techniques as well which we use here quite widely this is the poured and tapped bulk density tester so we put a sample of powder in here and after tapping it we see how the bulk density varies and this is a common test used in many different industries to determine the bulk density for the equipment design but also to look at how bulk density changes with tapping which gives us a measure of the powder behaviour so we take the measuring cylinder and we would weigh out a certain quantity of material and having weighed this material we would put it in the cylinder here read off the volume as poured place it on the machine and we would allow that to run for a designated number of taps it's interesting to note that different industries have different standards for the number of taps used and then we can see the change in the volume that occurs here and hence we can obtain both the initial poured density the settled tap density and the ratio between the two which is often known as the housing ratio then we have the so-called texture analyzer here this is essentially a computer controlled press which enables us to apply a vertical force a vertical movement and measure the force so we can use this for compacting materials again to see how for example the bulk density varies with stress but also for larger particles we can put a fixture in here where we can actually break the particles and measure the individual particle strength which is important in many instances moving on this is the particle attrition tester in a small scale so this we use to measure the tendency of particles to break during impact again so inside here we have a rotating disc particles are fed in through the through the funnel into this rotating disc here they come down the channels accelerate out and then they hit the targets in here we then pick up the broken particles and we can do a size analysis and therefore just see how much the particles break down so this again is a good method for measuring the breakage matrix of particles which we can use that information then to predict the level of breakage within a certain process or again we can use it to aid formulation by changing the structure of the particles in order to make them stronger more resistant to break down mixing is an important process for many particulate materials lots of particulate products are made of particles of different species that are blended together and this is one of a number of different types of mixing technology that we use that we test here at the Wilson Centre this is known as the turbulent mixer so the sample for mixing goes into the pot here and then that's put on the machine in order to blend it and as I say this is just one of many different mixing technologies that we experiment with here at the Wilson Centre because different types of materials require a different action in order to mix them effectively a very important aspect of bulk solids analysis is sample subdivision when we receive a large sample of material maybe from a customer's plant or perhaps from our own pilot plant this is much too large a sample to analyse whether we want to do sieve analysis flow property testing or anything like that now if we just put a scoop in and take some material out that is not going to be representative of the average of what's in the larger sample because in this larger sample we will have segregation the particles will naturally be separated by size so we need to find a way of subdividing this to obtain subsamples that are fully representative we use this machine here which is known as a spinning riffler so we have a hopper here a little feeder at the bottom and a number of bins here on the turntable material goes in the top and when we run this the material is fed out of the bottom of the hopper flowing down here in a first in first out discharge pattern or mass flow as we call it as the bins go round because they rotate continuously each of these bins receives multiple cuts through that large sample so each of these eight smaller subsamples is fully representative of the average of what we put in and therefore when we analyse this the results are meaningful in relation to the larger sample that we started with here we have a fluidised bed test rig fluidised bed processes are used in a very wide range of industrial applications where we need reaction between gases and solids catalytic cracking of crude oil to produce petroleum products is one of the best now but there are many many others as well so what we have here we have effectively a a cylinder glass tube in this particular case and in here we have our powder then from the bottom we introduce the gas as the gas flows up through here it causes movement and dilation of the powder and the intimate contact between the powder and the gas then gives us a very good reaction so whether we're looking at heating cooling chemical reaction or anywhere else where we want close contact between gas and powder for process purposes this technology is widely used and we can set this up to simulate the movement of the fluid bed and the process that is going on inside so you've had the short tour of our facilities here at the Wolfson Centre you've seen our extensive pilot plant facilities and our labs as well for characterisation and so on all of this equipment is available for use for industrial purposes for design projects for troubleshooting and so on if you come on one of our short courses you can come and see this in person or indeed on some of the courses you'll get your hands on and actually get to use some of this equipment and of course if you have requirements to deal with bulk solids where there is currently limited knowledge then we get involved in research through lots of different means as well so thank you for your time and bearing with me and I hope we get to meet sometime

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How to get inclusive growth started in fragile contexts? Panel discussion and guidebook launch

Fragile and conflict-affected states experience volatile economic growth, with significant consequences for human welfare. Fragile states tend to grow in booms and busts, with little correlation with institutional quality or state capacity. Economic growth, if it is sustained and inclusive, can lead a country out of fragility. On 9 June 2021 UNU-WIDER organized a panel discussion on the topic: How to get inclusive growth started in fragile contexts? The event will mark the launch of a new UNU-WIDER policy guidebook 'Deals and development in fragile and conflict-affected states' (published in June 2021). The guidebook is aimed at practitioners to deepen their understanding on how to incorporate political economy insights to understanding and intervening in fragile contexts. More details on the event at https://www.wider.unu.edu/event/how-get-inclusive-growth-started-fragile-contexts Download your copy of the book at https://www.wider.unu.edu/node/238709

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Welcome to the panel discussion on the topic, how to get inclusive growth started in fragile context. I'm Kunal Singh, the director of UNIWIDER. This event marks the launch of a new UNIWIDER policy guidebook, Teals and Development in Fragile and Confident Effective States, now available online and fully accessible on UNIWIDER's website. The policy guidebook will be presented by Eric Worker, who's a William Sehehl professor at the BD School of Business at Simon Fraser University, Canada, and non-resident senior research fellow in UNIWIDER. The presentation will be followed by a panel discussion with five eminent experts, which we chaired by Professor Patricia Justino, UNIWIDER senior research fellow, and an eminent scholar in conflict herself. By 2030, more than half of the world's poor will be living in countries characterized by fragility, conflict, and violence. Violent conflict conflict has increased to the highest level in the past three decades. Broad-based growth has the potential of delivering a double dividend for fragile and conflict affected states. Firstly, such inclusive growth processes can lift millions of the most dire living conditions that can be found anywhere in the world. Secondly, inclusive growth can lead to increased state capacity to deliver public goods that matter for development and contribute to the legitimacy of the state. By doing so, they can bring about political stability and essential precondition for a country to exit out of fragility and conflict. Unfortunately, sustained inclusive growth as politically legitimate is rarely observed in fragile and conflict affected states. So how does one get growth going in such states? In the policy guidebook, we provide a framework understanding the constraints to growth in fragile states that takes as a starting point, the premise that igniting growth in fragile states is not simply about fixing institutions. Ecocratic reforms will not work if one is not sensitive to the political context. Growth and governance interventions are inextricably linked and need to go hand in hand. The guidebook is designed to help advisors working with developing agencies as well as policymakers in fragile and conflict affected states to analyze country contexts, their own country context, and design interventions with the goal of enabling positive growth episodes that reduce fragility. The aim of the guidebook is to provide actionable levers of intervention to bring about ground reform and improve a fragile and conflict affected states chance of achieving transformative economic growth with an objective of building enduring peace and prosperity in the country. I will now invite Eric Worker to make his presentation on the framework and the policy guidebook. Eric, over to you. Thank you, Kunal, for the introduction and thank you to everyone in attendance for sharing some of your time today and looking forward to your insights on the challenge of inclusive growth in fragile states. So the work for this guidebook comes from a broader project that Kunal and I have been involved with, along with Lant Pritchett that we've been working on for a number of years, a project called Deals and Development. And in that project, we came together with a number of scholars from around the world and put together a framework and then a series of country case studies in which we took the framework and brought it to different countries around the world. And for that project, we started with three observations. The first is that the countries that we care about do not experience steady growth, the 2% per year that OECD economies like Finland or the UK might normally experience. Rather, what matters for those countries is growth episodes. In other words, a period of growth of five to 15 years in which a country grows at a normally consistent clip. And if we look at fragile countries in particular, we see that they're the slowest average growers with the highest level of variance. In other words, even though they're growing slower on average, at any given point, some of the fastest growing countries around the world are fragile. And as Kunal mentioned, institutions can't drive economic growth in the medium run. Sure, institutions are highly correlated with GDP per capita, but if you look at whether institutions today can predict growth tomorrow, there's very limited predictive power. Looking at fragile states, for example, if we take the slowest growing and the fastest growing fragile states, they have almost the identical level of basic state functions. A third insight that motivated this larger project is that policies don't imply implementation. As development advisors, we might work hard to come up with the right policy and suggest a law or set of regulations for a lower income country. But what research has found by Lantan others, is that firms don't actually face those rules, but rather a selectively enforced business environment. And that couldn't be more so than in fragile states. Go to the next slide. So what I'm gonna present today is a framework that builds off the framework in this book, available by the way for free downloads on the OUP website, in which we modify the framework to make it directly applicable to those who are working in fragile and conflict-affected states. Building off the IGC report that Adnan Khan, one of our panelists today, helped to contribute to in which they identify a number of characteristics of state fragility. And at its heart, this is a framework that is a political economy model of business government relations. And there are five moving parts. And in the guidebook and in this presentation, I'll briefly take you through those five different parts. But as you'll notice, we bring on some of the latest research over the last two decades in political economy and development and try to bring that into an actionable space that you as policymakers and advisors can hopefully sink your teeth into. So of the five moving parts, there's two that represent the political and the business interests. And those interact with one another to drive a set of government actions. The first set of actions is around the investment environment and the second is around investments in state capacity. And then together those interests working through those government actions, along with any external events or exogenous forces lead to a growth episode. But importantly, that growth episode then has a feedback loop back into those original business or economic and political interests as some constituencies are empowered by the growth episode while others will recede in power. Next slide, please. So the first piece of the framework that I'll describe is the rent space, which is the variable that we use to capture the business or economic interests in the country. And the key driving motivation here is that one shouldn't think of the private sector as a monolith with a single set of interests but rather different firms have different interests and different demands on government which will lead to different government actions in the future. And to simplify that a little bit, we divide the private sector into four different quadrants along two dimensions. The first is distinguishing what power business makes its profits. At one side, we have businesses that make their money through market competition that is through a better good or service than other businesses in a competitive marketplace. And in the other side are those businesses that achieve their profits through discretionary government actions that lead to regulatory rents such as allowing a monopoly to occur. And on the other dimension, are businesses in that country to sell stuff to the rest of the world using local factors of production or are they selling to the domestic market? So that gives us four types of firms. And just to take an example, workhorse firms, those that are in competitive sectors selling to the domestic market are gonna make demands of the state such as for better rules, more common infrastructure as well as investments in people's education that can allow them to be more productive. In contrast, power brokers, those that are selling to the domestic market but gaining their profitability through regulatory rents might actually benefit from a convoluted business environment that might show up as one of the lower ranked countries on the world's doing business indicators because that will provide barriers to entry that will allow them to take advantage of their unique relationships with those in power. And looking to fragile states, we're likely to see a higher share of renties and power brokers, those firms that are likely to advocate for the types of policies that will not lead to inclusive growth. Next slide, please. Our political interests is captured by the well-known construct of the political settlement that has been used in development circles for nearly two decades. Did John and Putzel summarize Mushta Khan's work in this space describing the political settlement as the balance or distribution of power between contending social groups and classes on which any state is based? Now, as an economist, I think of the political settlement as I sort of imagine a bunch of political actors who have what Khan calls some underlying holding power and you don't need 100% of all political elites in a coalition in order to govern. Rather, some subset of those will be governing and they just have to provide enough carrots and sticks to those who are on the outside to sustain that political settlement. Now, if we look at fragile states, one of the characteristics as mentioned in the IGC report is that violence or by non-state actors is present. And what we found looking across several case studies is that rather than always leading to instability, violence can also help sustain a political settlement by allowing those who are inside to use coercive action in order to maintain access to politics and also enabling the business actors who they can basically tap on to provide political finance in exchange for protection. A second feature of state fragility that's relevant to the political settlement is that societal divisions are more common in fragile states. And that just makes a political settlement harder to form and less stable when it's there. And next slide. So now we've got our economic or business and our political interests which feed back with one another by demands on government and then the needs of political actors to undertake specific actions. And one of those areas in which they undertake actions is in the investment environment which we capture through a concept we call the deals space. Here, recognizing that it's deals, in other words, firm or investment-specific arrangements that describe the business environment in fragile states. Now, we distinguish between ordered deals, that is deals that once made between a state and a firm, for example, are likely to be honored once they're made and disordered deals. That is the interests will come together and the deal will only be in place so long as those interests remain there. We also distinguish between closed deals, that is deals that are only available to those who are closely aligned with the regime and open deals that are available for anyone who's willing to play ball. An example of open disordered deals would be in the informal sector where small businesses are able to come and transact their business, perhaps as part of a membership in a loose-formed coalition with one inspector coming from the government in one week and another in a couple of weeks, but that doesn't allow those firms the sort of runway to be able to make long-term and significant investments. What we find is that many of the deals in fragile states are both closed that is only available to some as well as disordered which leads to a complex environment if you're looking to make more complicated investments. We also find, however, that across the rent space or across the private sector, there are some industries that faced more open deals than others as well as more ordered deals than others. And next slide, please. Okay, so we've got our business and political interests leading to government actions in the investment environment. And then the second category in which government actions are occurring are in investments in state capacity, specifically essential functions like infrastructure, education, and healthcare. Now, in some takes on state fragility where this is the common feature of state fragility of having low state capacity, the problem is seen as one of lack of capability or ability. And in our framework that couldn't be farther from the case, rather we see low investments in state capacity as a deliberate response to the political logic of the business and the political elite. In the case of fragile states, there might not be a demand for it from business actors, power brokers and wrongties who dominate the space in fragile states don't require more effective inputs of human or physical capital for profitability. Similarly from the political side, the political settlement might be sustained through repression and patronage rather than competence and performance. If that's the case, none of the elite are really seeking to increase investments in state capacity. Next slide, please. So now we've got our interests and our government actions which lead to growth episodes. And we're not just interested in the change in economic growth or GDP per capita, that's one of the features of the growth episode would be the number of years and the average rate of economic growth of an episode. But we're also interested in two other features of the episode. One is the change in legitimacy that the government has to undertake what scholars would call coercive action. And then the other is the change in structural transformation that is going from producing fewer and simpler things to more and more complex goods and services. Now our research in the book project showed that when we observe a growth acceleration that is a growth episode that suddenly fast or medium coming out of a period of stagnation or decline, that that comes usually from a switch from disordered to ordered deals. In contrast growth maintenance going from one positive growth episode to another tends to be driven by open and ordered deals. So in other words, what starts growth leading to order might not perpetuate, which is open. State capacity we don't find necessarily as a driver of the GDP growth rate itself as I mentioned earlier, but it's more likely to be involved in the legitimacy as well as the level of structural transformation as those are investments in the underlying factors of production of capital and human capital. Now looking at growth episodes in fragile states how could we make sense of observing a country growing at eight or 10% per year and then possibly seeing that country return to state fragility? Well, in our framework, there are what we call negative feedback loops that bring about negative consequences for increase of growth. So the growth could be driven by closed deals that are favoring Ranche and power broker firms which themselves aren't demanding much in terms of inclusive reforms from the state leading to limited investment in state capacity. And then you have a growth episode with reduced legitimacy and no or negative progress on structural transformation. So if a country growing like this over five to 10 years if you can imagine that feeding back into the business interests we would see further empowerment of those same segments of the economy that are not demanding inclusive growth. And in the political settlement reinforcing the existing status quo which all will reinforce the drivers of fragility in the first place. Next slide. So we promised some ideas for policies and I'll leave this to most of this to the panelists as well as if you'd like to download the guide and look there's some suggestions in each of the different areas on potential policy interventions and also things to avoid. But let me just mention the first one here which is to consider sector development activities in workhorse and magician industries those in which businesses are competing against one another. And the idea here isn't just to create new income per capita which could be create some sort of social surplus though that's a good thing but rather the motivation in our framework is to create new constituencies that is new business interests who will be in favor of inclusive reform hopefully demanding improvements to state capacity and a more open deals environment. Thanks very much. Thank you very much Eric for such a close provoking presentation. And thank you Conal for the kind introduction. For those of you that join a bit later my name is Patricia Giustino. I'm a senior research fellow here at UNYWIDE and I have the great honor of chairing the next panel with five exciting speakers and experts on this area of research. I'll let me start by introducing them to you. First we have Adnan Khan who is the academic director and professor in practice at the School of Public Policy at the London School of Economics. Adnan previously served as research and policy director of the International Growth Center and Public Policy at Harvard Kennedy School. We then have Aloisius Uche Ordu who is a senior fellow and director of the African Growth Initiative in the Global Economy and Development Program at the Brookings Institution. He held previous senior positions with the African Development Bank and the World Bank. Our third panelist is Ankh Hovla. Ankh is also of some of the most influential academic studies on conflict and she's currently a professor of development research at the University of Konstanz in Germany where she holds the prestigious Alexander von Huwold professorship. In fourth we have Frank Busquay who is the deputy director at the Institute for Capacity Development at the IMF. He was also previously the senior director of the World Bank's Fragility Conflict and Violence Group. And finally we're very happy to have with us Miko Martini. Miko is a political governance advisor with the UK Foreign Commonwealth and Development Office in Somalia. Welcome all and thank you so much for joining us for this important discussion on how to promote growth in some of the most difficult settings in the world. I'm gonna start this panel discussion with Admir and then follow with the other panelists in the order of the introductions. And what I'm gonna do is I'm gonna ask a question to which one of you and we agree that everyone would speak for about five minutes. And in the meantime, all participants and welcome for joining us which I see you have a very large number of attendent attendees. Please add your questions to the Q&A function. The chat is not working so you need to add your questions to the Q&A and I'll be monitoring those during the panel and then open up the discussion after all the panelists interventions. So let me then start with Admir. Admir, we just heard Eric reflecting on the challenges of establishing inclusive growth in conflict affected in fragile countries. And you yourself have called the very influential report on escaping the fragility trap by the LSE Oxford Commission on straight fragility growths and development. Based on what you have heard from Eric and your own work, what do you think makes economic growth and development initiatives so challenging in fragile states? Over to you. Thank you, Patricia. And thanks to the organizers for inviting me and congratulations on making a very important contribution. But given the names on this report, Eric, Kunal, and Landt, one couldn't expect any less. So thank you, Patricia, for asking the question. I don't need to motivate the question that fragile states are important. And but let me start that we know very little. We have a very limited understanding of both about how to generate economic growth in developing countries in general, but fragile states in particular and how to go about the business of state building it. So basically we are looking at a history of mostly failure. And it could be a failure of national sector, but I would also say in case of fragile states, it's mostly also a failure of international sector. The strategy that we have been generally following has not worked. And in economic growth also, we have very limited understanding of what ignites economic growth, how it is maintained. And also in terms of thinking about a structured analytical framework for thinking about episodes of economic growth. And that's why I think this particular book makes an important contribution. We do have a large literature on economic growth from solo, the endogenous growth models and others. The question is how do we apply those to the developing countries and especially the fragile countries where as Eric mentioned, the question of economic growth is inextricably linked to the other dimensions. It's basically a syndrome of fragility, an environment where we have weak state capacity, weak state legitimacy. We have also very limited private sector participation. And I will also say that partly our limited understanding is because of the flawed models or the understanding that we have about these countries. And especially coming to fragile societies and one quick clarification, I think as mentioned in the report is at least some of the international works is obsessed about this binary distinction between fragile and non-fragile. I was glad to see that the book and we also do that have the same approach. Thanks of fragility as a continuum and the dimensions of fragility and not just like either or a zero one state. But it's partly also because although we have some technocratic knowledge, in fragile states, it's the reality of politics also which has to be seen with the technocratic knowledge that we have on economic growth. And that's where lies the, especially in the policy implications of it, lies most of the failure of how to kickstart growth. Basically, what we have been doing is to infer how to kickstart growth or how to build a successful state from the current characteristics of successful states. What I would call the curse of Denmark. If Denmark has done it, it's a successful state. Let's copy Denmark. Now Denmark hasn't become Denmark by being Denmark. It has gone through a very messy history of making all kinds of adjustment, political settlements, adjustments over the period of centuries. And ignoring that, what I'm, is completely counterproductive. What I'm trying to say is an approach that ignores history, initial conditions and politics is not going to work. Both history and initial conditions and politics are inextricably linked. And that's where I think this book makes an important contribution in linking the literature on economic growth with the literature on politics and institutions, both Asim Adlur Robinson, North Wallace Weingast, but also Dijon Putsul and Khan and taking it forward and having an analytical framework that links those together. Why this matters in practice? Let me give an example. My colleague on the Frijal State's work, Rafat Alakali, was a minister in the post Arab Spring government in Yemen, a government facing huge challenges, very limited, like legitimacy, but also facing crisis. And there was a huge, very high citizen expectations about what the government could deliver, coupled with very limited capacity of what the government could actually deliver. And the reason these call it like these flawed frameworks could be debilitating is the government had resources, some resources, but they were asked, in this case, by international community to come up with almost a perfect PPP law, a law on public-private partnership, before they could actually spend that money. And so after a couple of years later, after many, many iterations of that law, yes, they came up with, maybe I wouldn't call it perfect, but as close to perfect as they could get. But the perfect was the enemy of the good. By that time, they had lost their political legitimacy. The government was out of power by the rebels who exactly used this argument, here is the government that doesn't deliver. And the rest, as you know, is history. I could go with examples like this from other contexts also. I worked in Africa quite a lot, South Sudan before the Civil War, one of the major donors was forcing them to adopt a carbon reduction as their core strategy. And at that time, South Sudan had many other priorities as you can imagine. And similarly, I can give example from other contexts also. So I like this book with the realism that it brings along with the framework. And also with the country-state case studies. To me, it's more of a case of like, given the messy world of politics, how do we think of, call it, honorable growth enhancing political deals that are actually honored in practice exposed? So that's one way of thinking about it. I like that quote a lot. I also have a couple of, call it like questions, the queries or reflection points of reflection that I hope Kunal and Eric, whether today or later could come up with something. One is this book focuses primarily on kick-starting and maintaining economic growth while taking the other dimensions of fragility as given. And so one question is, how do we think of this? How do the authors think of this interaction between the initial conditions, between the politics and the economics? This could vary at different times. But in other words, how much can we maintain or think of this separability between the other conditions and about the economic strategy which could be growth promoting? This could obviously vary with the conditions and I give you one example so to make it maybe more complete. One of the most insightful testimonies in our commission on fragility came from the Tunisian minister, Hedi Larbi in the post Arab Spring government where again they had very limited no government of national unity, limited legitimacy, faced by Islamists on the outside, huge pressure on them and very, very limited capacity to deliver. And how do we prioritize? And many from the international and other communities came up with long list of things that they could do to promote growth, to promote like other things. They had very, very, very limited political space. They ultimately ended up doing something which was not on any of those lists, which was they ended up as their top priority for the next limited time, few months, as cleaning the mosque. So an agenda that the outsider, the Islamic student object to which gave them some political legitimacy. In other words, an example of doing something that gives them quick win, small step that give them some legitimacy and some space that they would build on for doing longer term things. And I'm interested in knowing from how do the authors think about this like the medium-run growth strategy along with how do we build the political space for doing this? My last comment is again along the same lines about the policy implications of their work which I personally find is quite interesting. In other words, like in thinking about how to move from an unstable disorder and political environment marked by disorder deals to a stable political environment marked by ordered deals. What concrete actions can be taken by policy makers? Again, the book talks about principles at the right which is the right approach because you can't be too prescriptive about how each country would do. I agree. I think that's the right. And the specific examples in the trip has go into more details. But even at the level of the principles, how do we think about like about the policy space and who is the audience? What role can international actors and other actors can do and what role can national actors can do? Which is also, I would also say the book and I think Eric also mentioned a little bit which is what concrete actions can be taken by insiders both in normal times. And here my, this is more of what I find quite useful is not only the framework that the book has used, I find all of those like fascinating and very useful but also using a Basile-Bersam framework of how do we build state capacity in environments marked by fragility and how do we move, escape the fragility trap by making specific investments and under what conditions different societies make those investments in legal capacity and in collective capacity, in fiscal capacity and how does that promote economic growth? So some reflections along those lines would be great. Let me stop it. Thank you. Again, I congratulate the authors for making a very important contribution. Perfect. Thank you very much and you've made my life easier because some of the questions are also part of the questions I have for the panelists. Also we'll make Konal and Eric's life a bit easier also answering some of these. Let's then move to Aloysius. And you have a wealth of experience working in some of the context that Eric and Konal mentioned in their piece. And one of the issues that was emphasized in Eric's presentation is the role of elites which also links to what I just discussed as well. And I wonder if we could explore this a little bit more. In your view, how should state capacity be developed when elite interest may not necessarily align with developing state capacity? There may be an inherent interest in keeping state capacity low. What are your thoughts and in your experience have there been any successful policies that could address this challenge which is pretty prevalent in a lot of the context we're talking about? All right, thank you. Thank you very much. And first of all, let me thank Eric for the presentation. And of course, my friend Konal for inviting me to this panel. It's great to see the other panelists and to appreciate the point already indicated by Adnan. First and foremost, the topic we're dealing with today from the perspective of the African continent is a very, very serious one. Because what are you talking of the IMF? You're talking of the World Bank? You're talking of the African Development Bank? Or any other institution? It's quite clear that the largest numbers of fragile states are on the African continent. This is clearly a very, very serious problem. The Institute of Security Studies in South Africa, for example, in their projection, estimated that by 2050, more than one billion Africans, about half of the projected population of the continent at that time would be living in fragile states or situations of fragility. This is really scary. And it puts, it's quite numbing when we think of the issues that Eric outlined in the approaches in the book, which I found very, very helpful. And when you look at the fact that these many people are going to be living in fragile states or situations of fragility on the African continent, it has tremendous consequences, not just for the African continent itself, but for the global economy as a whole. Back in the 19th century, 12 million able-bodied Africans were marched out of the continent in slavery. Today, we have many, many African youths leaving Africa on a treacherous journey, many of them ending up in the bottom of the Mediterranean Sea and those who make it to Europe and elsewhere, the United States, et cetera, for in search of better life. Why are they doing this? A number of factors that encapsulated in the point Eric made in the book and with the other authors, state capacity is weak in their countries of origin. Take my own country, Nigeria. The concentration of fragility was the Northeast because of the problems with Boko Haram. Today, you see that fragility has moved from the Northeast of the country to the Northwest and now there is also the challenge between the nexus between climate change and fragility and as farmers move south, all kinds of insecurity. Whether you're talking of Northern Mozambique, you're talking of the Central African Republic or the central part of the continent and of course the Sahela, say hope. So this is the subject matter of this book is really, really important because for the continent in particular, as I mentioned, the challenges are enormous and it's not obvious to me that we've found a magic bullet and then your question is very clear that the interests of the elite and I'm not even sure that we found a compelling example where the elites themselves have done something to address the issue of fragility. One that comes to mind, of course, is we would go back to 1994 when clearly if you are talking of fragile states on the African continent, you could not include a wonder, right? But fast forward to today, you know, back to your question, Patricia, fast forward to today, the elite, the leadership of the country, the recognition that state failure is at the heart, the institutional failure to deliver goods and services for the children, the women and men of these countries. It's at the heart of the whole thing. And so we could cite that, if you like, as an example of where elites have actually taken this seriously and transformed their country by building basically institutions of governance, restoring the institutions of government. If you take side by side next door with Burundi, where that has not happened, then anybody's list you care to mention on fragility, Burundi's included, but Rwanda is not. So that's directly to your question. So some of those characteristics in terms of armed conflict and violence that threaten citizens, the inequality, the exclusion of a majority of the population, and of course, weak governance. These are explosive cocktails, the so-called fragility trap or syndrome as others have referred to it. And I agree with Anand, particularly that history, we ought to learn from history. Important to consolidate state security, that's what we've learned from Europe and elsewhere. Important to build capacity, that's what we're also learning as in the case of Rwanda, et cetera. The transformation to greater inclusion. These are all lessons of history from all world regions. But in Africa, all these things are happening simultaneously. And the state is constantly on the challenge. A couple of the challenges Eric mentioned, and I see Frank is also here because most of the work he did, not to steal his thunder at the World Bank, basically hammer home this point. These countries, these things are happening simultaneously. So where does Africa go from here? It's really the question, what to do? First of all, fragility is not cast on cement, right? It's not cast on cement because if you have domestic ownership and commitment, which is the starting point to move the agenda forward, then things happen as you contrast South Sudan and say Rwanda, right? That domestic ownership and commitment is missing in South Sudan. Whereas that wasn't the case in Rwanda. There are other, there's no shortage of what international financial institutions should do. In fact, many, many years ago in 2014, the African Development Bank itself Rwanda Donald Kabiruka commissioned a panel which was led by Ellen Johnson-Seliff at that time on what to do on the fragile states of the continent. Whether you look at World Bank's own recommendations, IMF, these institutions have made similar recommendations, which is where I find this book that Eric outlined today very, very helpful because the political economy dimensions often at the heart of the matter. Let me just end with one remark and that is really a question for the authors themselves because there is this sense that we often see fragility not as a, I mean, we see fragility as a category of states, we list them. But in my experience on the African continent, it's important that we don't see fragility as a category of states as such, but as a risk inherent in the development process itself. Because when I left Nigeria, Nigeria was not a fragile state. When I talk of my own country today that are just situations of fragility, raring its ugly head everywhere. So that as we pass through these development processes, what do the authors see in terms of the classification of the main culture, rather than here are a bunch of fragile states? Perhaps it's a risk inherent in development. I'll leave it at that. Thank you very much. Thank you very much and I couldn't read more. I mean, we have plenty of examples of developed countries with pockets of fragility and conflict. But talking that for now, let me move to Anke. Anke, you've researched many of these challenging topics for many years and an interesting thing is, or maybe a trade-off that we might be observing here is in the literature, we often have shown that adverse economic shocks can increase the type of violence. However, can economic growth interventions reduce that threat since effectively higher economic growth may increase the overall pie, hence the rent space that Eric referred to, and potentially also increase the threat of violence from actors outside the existing political settlement? How do we square the circle? Thank you very much. Sir, this is a hard act to follow on Adnan and Aloysius. Maybe he shouldn't have left Nigeria and it would have been more stable, sir, as a question of causality here. And of course, on the sidelines, I've sought off, I was still in Oxford when Adnan and others were busy with the LSE Oxford Fragility Commission and produced a big report and also a lot of interesting countries studies. So what I liked about the LSE Oxford approach and also, so while I was in Oxford, Lant Pritchard, so I became more familiar with Lant's ideas on deals and development. So what I like about both approaches is that this isn't economists sort of solving a problem. But because in economics, a lot of things are easy. You need more investment in physical and human capital. You need technological progress and voila, you've got growth. I mean, we understand these models, yeah? But at the core of these problems, and this is what I like about these sort of fragility or approaches to fragility is our political problems. And unless we solve these and tackle these, we will not have growth. So we need to work across the disciplines and really learn from each other what expertise everybody can bring to the table. And I think the sort of complete dominance of economists in this area has got to stop. And I think these are very good signs, yeah, that people are opening up and sort of saying, okay, these are the problems we could use for the address, but there are other issues we need to sort of open up on. So what I find also helpful as a way of thinking about things is a very simple triangle that was proposed by Sam Boles and Wendy Carlin, published last year, where they look at governments and markets, so these sort of main elements that you were talking about today, but then also this sort of relationship to civil society. And Adnan was already talking about this, yeah, you need buy-in and trust, and you have to reinforce these sort of these deals that have to be honored. It's sort of our honor ideal, because I think you are trustworthy because it's a reciprocal arrangement. You can't regulate everything. You need buy-in from the population, yeah, from civil society. And how do you do this? Well, different things will work in different places. And Adnan already cited the Clean the Mosques initiative, yeah, that incidentally also didn't cost very much. So it isn't necessarily about investing a lot of money. You need to find an entry point. So what are the main functions of a state? So a state has to provide security and a state has to provide something that enables individuals to lift themselves out of poverty. And of course, these two things are interrelated, yeah, and a lot of people are, you know, coming in rickety boats and try and cross the Sahara Desert and are being terribly traumatized. Even those who make it and don't die on the way, they are enormously in debt to their own families, to other people have been very often brutalized during their journey. And why are they coming? Because they neither have peace nor prosperity where they come from, yeah, or to varying degrees. And incidentally, of course, you know, there's sort of like continuum of fragility is an important way of thinking about it. Okay, but for me at the core of this is really how do you get security? And in post-conflict situations, you very often have an opportunity, a window of opportunity to have security sector reform. Because very often the army and the police are part of the problem, they're not solutions to the problem. So you need to sort of start there, but none of these security sector reforms can be successful unless they're embedded in a wider political agreement here, yeah. Now, rebuilding an army. So for example, in Somalia, the army isn't really totally on the state side. There are a lot of, there's a lot of infiltration. You don't have an army that really wants to fight al-Shabaab and so you won't really get security here. So, but in principle, you should be able, in terms of building an institution and building it on merit, the army should be a good starting place. Because soldiers, you can, they have to be young and fit and capable of fulfilling these tasks. So it might be a very good exemplary institution within your state apparatus, because I mean, virtually every country has got a standing army to sort of instill the idea that there should be recruited on merit. Police is very often much more problematic in fragile countries. Typically they are over-armored because the worry about the elites is always they will be toppled over. So the army has got a slightly different role to how we would maybe like to have it in a non-fragile situation. The police is very often seen as corrupt and incapable of sort of unwilling to stop violence. And this can be very dangerous because if you look at Latin America there, the danger doesn't come from armed conflict any longer. I mean, it used to be a big problem, but it comes from within it. So hollowing out of the state, it's the narco-trafficking that is so lucrative, and you can't really do it without help from within the state. And parts of West Africa are already there, I think, where there's a lot of trafficking of illegal drugs going on. Okay, so the question was, so it's quite clear that these adverse shocks, as we've also heard from Aloysius, adverse shocks give you armed conflict. We've done lots of people have done research on this, but there's an asymmetry. So if we've got growth, do we then, I think there's an asymmetry, sorry. So if we get growth, do we then stop the whole process? And I think that's unfortunately less likely to be the case because in a lot of, let me stay with African countries, a lot of African countries have seen growth because of primary commodity booms. And that does not give you that sort of inclusive growth. And it also doesn't give you a good opportunity for policy reform. Policy reform happens in times of need, not boom. And so I think you shouldn't let a good crisis go to waste as the silly joke goes. And sort of try and... So in a sad way, this doesn't help you to sort of generate that this growth that came more or less from a global perspective to help you with your more localized problem. Let me end on one thought that I find quite important to discuss. As we are going forward with greening our economy and digitalizing after this pandemic or through this pandemic and after the pandemic, we will need a lot of natural resources, so rare earths. They're not rare, it's just, they are everywhere in the world, but you just profitably mine them in a few places. And for all these lithium batteries, there are quite a few places in Africa where there's going to be more mining. And that might be very good for global climate change, but it might cause even more local instability. And I'd like us all to be mindful of that and address these issues as we move forward to greening the global economy. Thank you. Thank you very much, okay? And I'll park for a moment at your point about growth and come back to that in a minute. But let me now move to Frank. Frank, you led the World Bank's Fertility Conflict and Violence Group at the time when the bank moved more decisively towards working in these political difficult environments and now at the IMF. In your view, what is the role of development partners including natural donors in promoting growth and stability in these contexts and what can effectively be done to support economic growth or different types of economic growth that we just heard discussing without increasing the risk of violence? Sure, I will have the answer to these questions. But thank you very much, Patricia, for inviting me. Very happy to be at this event, joining some old colleagues, not all by the age, but from the provenance institution. So very happy to see you all, really. Now, two quick points I would like to make. And by the way, I actually fully agree with many, many points that have been raised before. I think the whole point about the Fajiti trap, the whole point about having a tailored approach, looking at drivers of Fajiti, not making some assumptions that make sense in some less fragile context, I will come back to it. So I just want to already say where I stand on this notion. Humility is also important. I don't think, I think we unfortunately have more failures and difficulties, at least in a short medium term, then success and recognizing the leadership and the momentum like Professor Coley used to say is actually critical. So already, so that you know where I stand here, basically the some of the key principle that I think are quite important. Two quick points because I think it was a little bit raised by Alousius, but I would like to come back to it, especially at the time of COVID-19. I mean, if you look at what happened over the past decades, you really have a level of violence that have been at their 30 year peak. You really have, we have about today 80 million people that are forced displaced. I think the last statistic that I saw is that the world population living 60 kilometers from a major conflict event had doubled to 220 million since 2007. So the situation was actually quite already serious. Now with COVID-19, it's actually even worse. When you look at the conclusion that we just did some internal analysis, you have debt and inflation that are really rising. I have the numbers here, public debt in federal states rose by almost 16% points to 76% of GDP last year. And the debt as well have been increasing in all those countries. So the whole point is that today, and that's why this event is so timely, federal states, and I will come back to the definition and categorization as well. But in any case, whatever list you take, they are really a significant risk offering behind non-FCS. And it's not only about economic aspects, it's the whole point is that you have countries that are impacted by fragility, conflict of violence or active conflict. They really have a new threat posed by the COVID-19 which is exacerbating some current grievances, inequalities and gaps in institutional capacity. So really the key question for all actors today is how to help authorities, countries to build back better. We can talk about green recovery. We can talk also about inclusive growth and making sure that we tackle key grievances. I think it was mentioned just now by anchor. It's during tough time that you also can take some focus on some key reforms. Just on these notions about the categorization for federal states, non-federal states, I think actually the key point is for national and for international actors is to focus on those countries that are not yet fragile. Looking at Birkin Faso eight years ago, which was on no list, whatever list you can consider, but basically you could see that definitely there was a potential for increasing inequalities. And then when you can look at the end of the day, all the non-state actors, Islamist groups, they are coming to a space where there is actually a lack of support from authorities and lack of social contracts. And therefore very important to look at this early warning system, to look at this trend in inequalities. It's not only poverty, we know it from the Arab Spring. I think it was mentioned when you mentioned also when it was done with Adil Abi Indonesia and so on. And the whole point is to say, how can international actors not focus just on fragile states, but focus on the non-fragile states and look low income, middle income, what are some of the trend and how can different actors with different mandate can actually focus on those issue before it leads to an escalation of violence and conflict. So you see, I'm not too much into where we have a list that's really the key list to be adopted worldwide. The opposite, there is a continuum. Obviously it goes low income, middle income. Why do some institutions have those lists to make it super clear? Because at the end of the day, it helps to focus an institution on a specific set of countries that really have, as we have heard right now, a different type of issue. When there is no security, no rule of law, significance, government challenge, yes, this actually requires a tailored approach. And that actually leads me to my last point, which is to say, what does it mean? It means that in this context, it's very important to recognize the importance of the drivers of fragility that need to be embedded when you design program. The bank, as you may know, is now asked to carry out what we call risk-resistant assessment in all federal states. This is good, because at the end of the day, you need to ensure that when you design program of development, but there will also financing program from the fund and other key actors, you are going to fully understand what are the source of resilience, what are the key drivers of fragility. At the end of the day, it's not only about macroeconomic stability, it's about inclusive job and helping countries to exit fragility. And the whole point is, how can we better tackle all international actors, those key drivers of fragility. I think there are a few, about the point about tailoring the support and that's why there is some list. It's also recognizing the importance to adapt the support to the environment. When you're looking, and that's really the whole point about tailoring. So it means that, for instance, when you're going to have the need for reform, you need to obviously look at gradual pace for fiscal adjustment. They will need to take into account the capacity, the vulnerabilities, but also what are the costs needed for cohesion building initiatives. For the whole point about focusing on those countries in at this time, is actually like I was mentioning, Professor Coley, who is always insisting rightly on it, is about looking at the pivotal times. Reform may be good, but may not be actually the right recommendation at this time. And therefore trying to better understand again, the political economy, drivers of fragility, and that's why cooperation between all actors, even you maintain actors, the bank, the firm, bilateral agency is so important to have a well-informed and good understanding about the situation on the ground and be able to have a tailored approach when pushing for reforms or providing financing. So I will just stop here, but I think my message is three, four. One, today is actually getting worse with COVID-19. If not only in terms of economic situation, it's actually in terms of exacerbating inequalities. So we talk a lot about divergence, divergence between countries, but also within countries. And my second point is to say more and more, I'm very happy to see this, you see more about the importance of humility, recognizing the importance of partnership, meaning having more presence on the ground, making sure that we focus more on the how and not the what, making sure that we can leverage assessment for all the organizations, especially focusing on the political economy, drivers of fragility, and ensuring that we have a tailored approach, meaning that fully consistent of this recognition of the situation on the underground and the different constraints that countries are facing and something that could work very well in Denmark, which was mentioned, that's why I mentioned again, may not be at all appropriate at a specific time for another countries. Let me stop here at the stage. Thank you, thank you very much. And picking up on those points, let me now turn to Nicole. Nicole, the SCDO country office in Somalia has, I assume, to grapple with these difficult questions at the very practical level on a daily basis, and therefore pragmatism may be more important than ideal policies, which is a point that has been made by almost all panelists. All panelists have also mentioned by now the issue of quality of growth. In your opinion, is there a difference between good growth and bad growth in the sense of growth that leads to a further reduction in political legitimacy and state capacity? And can we prevent bad growth at all? Or are there shades of bad growth that we can support provided that violence can be prevented? Yeah, thank you for that great and very tricky question and also to Kunal and Eric and the team for inviting me to participate here. I think much of what I will say about this really picks up on the excellent points that have already been very eloquently made by the panel so far. I mean, I think the fundamental thing to say here and really is picked up very clearly in the framework that Eric presented is that growth, of course, can be bad in that it can be part of a system that retains instability. And I think this is the sort of fundamental point that I would want to make, which is that growth is essentially a reflection of existing political behavior. I think Adnan made that point as well. It's not separate from this, but the deals on the table both drive and then in turn are driven by these dynamics in this sort of mutually reinforcing set of relationships. And so we should probably not be all that surprised that we're political dynamics are unsettled and benefit from instability. That growth is a part of why that is the case. In trying to think about this and the sort of work that we've done in this space, I think there are sort of over, I would suppose a number of overlapping circumstances or sort of criteria. And these are picked up very well by Eric and others that when our present together would give a pretty good indication that a context is in this sort of negative feedback loop domain. So I think the first, and these have been said already, but it's the presence of a sort of narrow elite bargain or a political settlement that is pretty informed where elites are still vying for control. Two, where governance structures aren't really accountable to the public where citizens aren't the main source of legitimacy per se. Three is where security apparatus is very fragmented or where elites or private actors can deploy violence as a tool for where the state is new, is very weak or where you're dealing with a rentier state, which is certainly the case where I work. And finally, where you see these rents clustered in so-called power broker and rentier growth sectors as articulated in this framework without real scope for deriving profit from more competitive growth areas. I recognize there's probably other criteria, but I think when these things overlay, these are big red flags that we should be really paying attention to. And in these contexts, growth is probably a source of contestation and maybe generating rents into a system that is going to disincentivize the opening up of the political settlement or the establishment of the rule of law. And I just wanna touch briefly, as you mentioned at work on Somalia where I've worked for four years most recently, but in total six years. And I think this is really well illustrated in the Somali context. I mean, here you see rents very much clustered in these natural monopolies and there's a sort of fragile elite bargain which has predicated essentially on a division of spoils and a sort of clan-based power sharing arrangement, which agrees sort of ostensibly that dominant clans will enjoy relatively monopolistic control over rents in relative geographic territories. And those parties to this agreement, more or less have arrived in this because they have the ability to use and deploy violence. The state can't really check that. I think Anke made that point about Somalia, but in fact the state is actually often uses what limited access it has to a security apparatus to fuel these internal squabbles and shore up its own control in the system. So any rents that elites can seize upon really reinforce a desire to avoid establishing the rule of law or the sharing of power beyond this narrow group. I should just say quickly that this context is particularly marked by the presence of al-Shabaab which isn't always true in fragile states and is a powerful actor that plays into this political economy. And the sort of cumulative effect is that this essentially prevents and constrains in any really practical way any means for competitive or productive growth and that reinforces there's reliance on the capture of rents. So in Somalia fragility, it's not a consequence, it's retained with intent by these vested financial interests and it's secured to the use of threat of periodic political violence and conflict. And so I think that kind of brings us to this question of so what can we do about it? I mean, I think the question of prevention is really tricky. Where you see most of these dynamics you're probably already in the pot boiling and it's a question about how we incrementally make things better. I think Frank's point about humility is really important. There are no easy wins here. It's literally systemic. But I guess just to offer a few thoughts as we have been trying to think a little bit creatively about these things that I know others are as well. I mean, I think first cause there are no easy wins we need to really be good at and better at making sure our ambitions are realistic. In the context where we engage do we have actually not just a good sense of what Denmark looks like but what that next incremental step would look like? Do we have a vision for that ourselves? I think the second point is just to think about as we have these visions around trying to break away from these negative feedback loops and diversify into more competitive sectors this really needs to be done in recognition of these underlying power dynamics because if they're not addressed and worked with and through they can create new sources of conflict. I think the third thing is that in places where these entrenched dynamics exist an important bit of this is to keep a keen eye out to opportunities that may emerge but recognize that these will come with risks. And I keep thinking about the energy transition in particular and others have mentioned this. I mean, that could be an opportunity enforcing elites to look for new sources of generating rents in particularly in resource-dependent conflict affected states but equally that transition may encourage even shorter term rent seeking behavior. The next point I think I would just want to make is around thinking about whether there are entry points to reduce constraints placed in more competitive sectors. For instance, overlapping taxation, international sanctions and trade regimes, security challenges, all of these may constrain more competitive sources of generating profits themselves. So there may be entry points there. I think there's also within this and linked to this a point about revisiting and sense checking the role of the state itself and how we approach the sort of project of state building which can play into and exacerbate this dynamic. And finally, I think I would just say, there are big questions in this space. I think others have said this, but I think there's just a fundamental question about, is this pernicious cycle just part of a longer, non-linear but ultimately progressive process or not? Are these bad growth feedback loops actually perhaps not viable for the state in the longer term? And then I think there's a question to all of us is whether we are structured and set up and incentivizing ourselves in our own institutions to continue to ask us questions and make these assessments in a more kind of collective and collaborative way. Thank you. I'll leave it there. Thank you very much. And thank you to all for these great interventions. We're actually running a little bit late but then we have a lot of questions. So what I thought I would do is compiles the questions into sort of groups. So apologies if I'm not asking exactly the same question that you posted, but I'll try to compile them into topics that will be manageable for the speakers. And then I will give the pass on again to Eric and Kunal to react to both the questions from the participants and from the panelists. And then give everyone the opportunity to sort of come in and pick and choose whatever questions you'd like. So I can see sort of three broad areas of questions here. One, and it was asked by quite a few people is about the prerequisites for fiscal and monetary policy mix and also support for other sectors, for instance SMEs and other sectors. What are these prerequisites? And I guess this is also a question about prioritization and policy sequencing as pointed out by Adnan. So I was wondering if we could reflect a bit more on that. There is also a question about COVID. And I think it was Frank that already brought this issue into the discussion. I mean, as a response to the UN Secretary General, we saw a series of peace accords coming up, ceasefires coming up immediately after the start of COVID but by October, November conflict have returned to previous levels and it's probably getting worse now. At least in certain areas, that's what the date is showing. It's getting worse, violence is increasing. And this is because it's opened the opportunities for several opportunities to armed groups and various groups outside of the settlement. Are there also opportunities being open for inclusive economic growth in a situation like this? What's the role of COVID in promoting certain types of growth in fragile countries? And finally, there is actually quite a relevant question here on corruption and point well made that corruption is multi-dimensional as we know. What are your thoughts about the direction of causality between corruption and fragility, both corruption within the country and also spillovers from, I guess, neighboring countries or are in the same region? I think this is a lot for Eric and Kunal to absorb. So maybe we give them now the space to address all these issues and then maybe all the panelists then can have a few words about any of these issues that you'd like to pick up on. So Eric, do you want to go fast or you could pass on the Kunal too? Sure, let me say three things in brief. There's so many excellent points raised and I'm so grateful to our panelists and to our attendees for these really rich and interesting questions and discussions. Let me just say three things. One is that kind of around what is success in this framework? And I think it was raised by a number of the panelists. And in our framework, it's a very simple one which is can you achieve growth that's positive but that also brings about incremental improvements with a, I guess, a barely positive feedback loop because the one generates increasing prosperity at the individual and community level and then the other reduces the drivers of fragility and that would apply whether a country is labeled fragile or whether it's not labeled fragile but it still has those same underlying political dynamics. And a second which is kind of representing the humility that we bring to it. It's hard in 15 minutes to communicate that but essentially if you spend more time with the framework and with the larger book it's what we try to offer is more of a framing more questions than answers. So you get folks like Nicole who go into such level of detail and insight that the initial framing just can't do and it's to stimulate the types of questions and conversations and ideally work across disciplines as Anka mentioned that can generate those real local understandings of what the solutions might be. Let me turn it to Kunal because I'd like to hear from our panelists as well. Okay, so let me actually thanks so much Eric and Patricia. Let me actually go and address Adnan's brilliant question also what Alas has also asked also on the framework because I think it's a really important and cuts across on the discussion going on here. First, Adnan asked that do we see legitimacy and growth enhancing investments or policies separate? That's a great question because we haven't really spent too much time talking about this in the framework and Adnan, you're right. But one of the things we try to do in the framework is say, look, you as an economist or a growth advisor in FCT or any economists working in the multilaterals you should not see yourself as an economist prime in our new city of United States and think also outside the box when you look at what we need to do and the example you gave about legitimacy enhancing action in the case of the example you gave is a great example of how one should think outside the box because legitimacy enhancing actions help growth going because it leads to more volatile stability which is very important for getting all the deals on the table. So I think the point that I think we were trying to do in this policy guidebook and the work that we've been doing previously is to try to get the growth and the governance and humanitarian advisors in different agencies think together and work together because you cannot do this on your own. And I think that's a very so example you gave exactly what I think should lead to that kind of discussion among agencies working on federal states and thinking through thinking outside the box. The second point you made is how do we move from a disordered deals environment to order deals environment? And then of course, let's just raise the question of the example Rwanda. And I think one critical thing we know and this is not just the example Rwanda if you think about many of the success stories we have in the developing world the South Korea's, the China's more recently Bangladesh the incredible periods of Indonesia incredible periods of conflict at the beginning of their development process but they resolved that and they moved on. How did they do that? And one important lesson we can draw from all of the stories is that how the long-term horizons of the political elites gets elongated, it gets extended. So they can start thinking outside what kind of gains are we going to get from the rents in the next few months, next years to thinking about how can we get this our country going for the next 10, 20 years? So that process of extending the time horizon of elites to see beyond the short term gains from the rents that they might see in the economy now to looking at what might happen 10, 20 years from now is a very important transformation that you've seen for yourself in Rwanda. Now, how do we get that going? How does that happen? Very difficult to say. And previously actually sometimes it might happen in a way you may not want. In other words, suddenly the ransom oil might try out. Suddenly there are any other natural resources might try out. And then you might say, oops, we have a problem. What we were seeing in the short term extraction of the beginning of this rents is not possible anymore. Let's think about something else. So in actually sometimes crisis generates this kind of movement towards long-term horizons of elites. And that's why I think we should also think of crisis and opportunity and maybe even the pandemic could well be an example of that. Of how that can actually lead to an extension of the time horizon of elites exactly as I've already mentioned, the best the person work on how cohesive political decisions can be formed. So I think it's a really important point. And I don't think that there are good enough examples yet of how this can happen. Horizons of elites going much beyond the short term towards the long term. But I think we need to think about how that can happen and how the international community itself can try and trigger the sort of trigger or at least enable this kind of processes. So I think that's really important. The other thing I wanted to say is that I think the thing that's really, really I think came across in the discussion so far is that initial conditions, history, all that matter are very important. So we need to understand initial conditions and history very, very carefully. Because each of the subsystems you've seen so far we can move out of fragility itself. There are many very specific issue conditions and historical conditions that allow this to happen. And we need to understand that. And in other words, no one country that has moved out of fragility in the last 30, 40 years is the same as the other country. Each of them are different in their own way. And I think that is very important for us working in this area and the space to understand because often as economists, we don't think about those issues. And I think we think about a one-size-fits-all model which simply doesn't work. So I think that's the thing I think that are things which I think hopefully we're trying to contribute to in this policy guidebook, make us think through outside the box, think about trying to bring growth, governance, humanitarian advices together in one place, not a silos, thinking through together in one way. How do we get growth going? That is politically legitimate, that you can enhance it capacity, that can transform the economy in a way that's absolutely can think about growth for a longer term, not just for a short term. All of those things are very important. And I think that's one of the things that I think Eric and I were really wanted to do in getting the guidebook out to get this sort of conversation going. And I'm really excited to see that has happened to some extent in the panel so far. Thanks, Benji. Thank you very much, Eric and Kunal. Before I pass on to all the panelists because we have literally five minutes left but just to highlight there are questions here that we will pass on to Eric and Kunal on the difference between internal drivers and external drivers. Can we reflect more on external drivers? How do we define inclusive growth in fragile states? Is there other measurements that are new and coming up as well? How do we define fragility? So lots of questions around all these important areas around definition and also how do you sort of extend the framework as well? So we will pass on all of these to Kunal and Eric. Very grateful for all these questions. But now let me give the panelists 30 seconds each for final comments on how to promote inclusive growth in conflict-affected and fragile countries. Why don't we go in the reverse order and start with Nicole and then go around Frank on her hololuses and Anna. Nicole. Sure, thank you. And I should say my internet unfortunately cut out just when you were asking those questions, but I thought there were some really interesting questions I saw in the chat around the international drivers and the regional dynamics. And I just want to say that these are systems within systems. And I do think when we start to think about these interconnectivities, we need to start to also parse out the extent to which there are these regional and international drivers that also benefit from these stable instability dynamics and whether we are piecing those together. So when we talk about, and I really agree with this point that Eric and Kunal emphasize about working more systemically across our areas of specialism. And I think also getting to that place where we're expanding that to a more regionalized or internationalized approach. There isn't this false dichotomy between these states and then everything that surrounds them and the sort of global north, but I think they're sort of part of these systems. So working in greater totality is something that I also am really interested in doing. But just a big thank you for this and really interesting. Thank you, Frank. Just thank you very much, Patricia. Now, just to come back on the COVID-19 because we can look at potential for reform and we need to keep it very clear as well. I was trying to make the point that COVID-19 is having a devastating impact in those fragile states. They already had existing vulnerabilities. They have less capacity than others states to manage shocks. And clearly this is the notion of compound risk. I mean, we clearly see it in Somalia, Anke knows it better than anybody else where you have the triple shock, lockers, COVID and floods. So basically I just want to make it clear that recovery in those countries is going to be protracted. It's going to take time and it needs support more than ever. And it's about costational financing. It's about grants, but also it's recognizing, which was exactly the whole point about Eric presentation, that it has to be fully adapted. It has to be tailored, understanding the leadership, the momentum and the importance of design program that will be addressing this source of resilience and drivers of fragility. And we can talk more about what does it mean in terms of fiscal adjustment, in terms of reform, we've got some feedback from Annan and others, which are really in line with the key recommendation that we share as well. And Mr. Stop here. Thank you. Thank you. I'd also like to pick up on the opportunities that we will hopefully see through COVID. So let me make three quick points. So first of all, COVID of course exposed existing weaknesses. And in some countries, there's little trust in the healthcare system and little capacity to sort of deal with the donated doses. So for example, yeah, there were a couple of countries where lots of doses were actually incinerated, but then there were also countries like Malawi, but there were also countries like Ghana, okay, not a fragile state, but they used drones to sort of get the vaccines to remote areas and vaccination programs in the past in Africa have been very successful, yeah, for example, polio vaccination and so on. So let's be hopeful, you know, that with the nation from the outside, you know, this pandemic is also going to come to an halt in Africa. So it does lower income. Patricia and I are part of a study on a worldwide COVID study. I've put it in the Q&A section here, livewithcorona.org. So we know that this is really hard-hitting for people. So what sort of cash transfer programs can we think of? So for example, the United States has now got a sort of child benefit, yeah, universal child benefit for the first time. And that's also been, you know, made possible through the crisis, I think. So let's think of ways how we can sort of support people. And then the last one is that COVID has brought about quite a few policy experiments. So for example, countries have restricted movement, but they've restricted all sorts of other stuff as well. For example, alcohol sales. And we know that violence has gone down. So let's think a little bit more about these sort of public health implications beyond the virus. But this has been excellent to connect with all of you and also I saw so many interesting comments in the chat, yeah. So please reach out to us, most of us are on Twitter, and we can continue there. Yes, indeed. Hello, Mrs. Thank you very much. And I think that this has been a fascinating conversation. Two points, basically. I think that Frank and everybody here tuned in. We will all agree that one of the most difficult things we confront in fragile states is lack of data. I have not seen a rigorous economic data. Nor should I expect to see on households and firms desegregated, the role of women in our communities, et cetera, et cetera. So data is pivotal. Why is that important? Well, we're in 2021. And so technology, we should not ignore the role of technology, mobile phones and how we can use the new technologies to have access to data that until now, we were not able to. So that's one point going forward in terms of fragile states. And of course, second point, we tend to think obviously on state level and therefore interventions are driven by country-specific interventions. International cooperation at a time when there were tremendous challenge towards globalization and international cooperation. Africa marched in solidarity. If in doubt, see what the African, Africa CDC has done during the COVID. And so our interventions should also focus on continental and regional efforts. Many of the conversations we could have on the Sahel or in the Horn of Africa, it would be very difficult to have those conversations without regional entities. And we all know that many of these regional entities desire support and strengthen to capacitate them. So beyond the state level in the continent, I think these continental and regional entities should not be forgotten in any interventions we think about. Thank you very much. Thank you. And thank you for raising the point about data that hasn't been mentioned. I've spent the last 15 years of my life collecting data in the COVID zone, sometimes with the World Bank, but we're still not there. Adnan. Thank you. Two points. So one about prioritization and sequencing. So one piece of advice rather than thinking of grand strategies that can move fragile countries in one big leap to Denmark. I think we should be thinking about concrete, feasible steps, actions that can take these countries step by step towards greater capacity, greater growth and greater legitimacy and focus on those for each country. In other words, move the frontier and then move the frontier up as well. One comment on corruption, we should focus on corruption when it becomes a major cause of fragility and underdevelopment when it has macro consequences. And there's a role of international community there also don't give aid loans to the mobutus of the world, but also in terms of like tax havens and ownership registries and a number of other things, some of which are happening, actually happen. But also there is an obsession with corruption which is sometimes unhelpful. If it is seen in terms of rents that promote growth that become grieves in the system for promoting economic growth in the context of this book, maybe we need to think differently. But I would also say that the obsession with corruption in many cases also generates more unintended consequences, more harm than good. In my own work, I can show that the cure is often worse than the disease. And while we should think about corruption, we should also think about the unintended consequences of corruption control measures that we start with. Absolutely right. So now we are one minute over the time, but if I could ask all of you to stay for another few minutes with us, I would like to thank all the panelists and all the participants for the great questions and for the great interventions. And I will pass on to Kunal who will close this webinar. Thank you so much for everyone. Thanks, Patricia. I was actually also going to thank everyone who's taking part in this panel. So I was going to thank Eric for my long-term co-author for the policy guide to the presentation. Patricia for very able to chair the panel. And of course, panelists and non-analysts, Anke, Frank and Nicole, for your very insightful comments and for a very lively panel discussion that we had today. I also should mention that Eric and I received some great feedback on our framework and the policy guidebook from colleagues in the UK's FCTO. We had a workshop with them in February of this year. And thanks very much for our colleagues there for really, which has really enhanced the framework and the guidebook itself. And I just want to end by saying that the policy guidebook is just one part of wider extensive work on conflict, just one part. Patricia herself is leading a major project on institutional legacies of violent conflict. And we have more details on the website, lots of exciting work coming out soon in the next year or so. So do look at our website for publication and working papers on the project. Our first of our first major conference next year is on conflict. And the dates are 16 and 17 May. So please keep an eye out for calls and information about the conference closer to the time. So that's going to be very exciting. Hopefully all of you will be there for that conference. Thanks to everyone who attended the event and I hope to see all of you in a future wider event very shortly. Thanks. Thank you so much.

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Cynthia Nixon's Acting Career Post 'Sex and the City'

Actor and director Cynthia Nixon, best known for her role in Sex and the City, explains to Catie Lazarus how the show helped her become a "bankable actor." Want more Employee of the Month? • Hear our full conversation on the Employee of the Month podcast on iTunes: http://apple.co/1DFlitt • Subscribe to our YouTube channel for more videos: http://bit.ly/EOTMyt • Attend a monthly live taping of Employee of the Month at Joe's Pub Connect with EOTM:  Website: http://employeeofthemonthshow.com Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/EOTMS Twitter: http://twitter.com/CatieLazarus YouTube: http://youtube.com/monkeysareadorable iTunes: https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/employee-of-the-month/ Recorded March 19, 2015 at Joe's Pub | Audio mixed by Josh Rogosin | Video by Lucas O’Neill, Adam Abel and Meredith Kaufman Younger | Edited by Adam Abel | Graphics by Ed Mundy | Theme Music by Eric Biondo Band feat. Shockwave Employee of the Month is a Lazarus Rising Production. http://www.lazarusrising.com

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you'll get described sometimes and write up so say she's a bankable actress and I was just curious what does that mean and then what does that do for your career right I mean right I had been acting you know I mean so my very first things were on film and television and then I a couple years later I started doing stage right now I had done a million plays and and phenomenal plays with unbelievable yeah a lot of really great plays wasn't until Sex and the City where I believe they would sort of describe you no totally so when I was yeah I mean very early on in Sex and the City I got offered it you know a lead in an independent film that a friend of mine had written but still that they've never would have been able to offer it to me you know and I always remember I did this one you know TV movie that I was with Scott Bakula and I and Eva Marie Saint that I just totally loved and it was about a woman in Appalachia and the Depression and stuff now my even though I'm from New York and my parents are from Chicago and Texas respectively my grandmother is from Appalachia you know she's from the Missouri Ozarks and so I feel like I really could totally get that character but I said to the and I was like it's a very juicy part you know she's dying of tuberculosis she's got like eight kids I mean it was great and and but I said to the director how did you ever think of me for this because I know I have all this Ozark in my background but how would you ever know that you know why did you cast me he said oh I've been a fan of yours for years and I would have cast you in a million projects that I've done but when the time came to to cast this project I received for this particular role that you're doing the wife I received a list of women who had the enough TV queue which means enough people out watching television know who you are and might be think to tune in if you were in something and he said you know I get those lists for everything that I cast but you had never been on the list before I would have cast you right away but you would never on the list but all of a sudden there you were so I saw your name I was like don't need to go any farther great so that's like a very you know focused view of like what sex in the city did for me yeah

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A Day With Chalee Teaser

A real stand-up guy! What do service members do when they’re off duty? One sailor, in Key West, Fl., makes people laugh. #KnowYourMil #ADayWith For more on the Department of Defense, visit: http://www.defense.gov Like DoD on Facebook: http://facebook.com/DeptofDefense Follow DoD on Twitter: http://twitter.com/DeptofDefense Follow DoD on Instagram: http://instagram.com/DeptofDefense

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Anybody that I promise those backstage passes, it ain't no backstage, I'm just going to job come out here and make me look good, man. Hi, you can't even see me. I'm Charlie Junior. Yes, I'm in the military, but I do comedy on the side. My material comes from my son. You know, he's hilarious, you know, being a father, you know, and being a sailor, and just generating all that, putting it together, man. It's just... Anyway, man, y'all, I'm getting too emotional, man, and getting too deep, man. I got a show in a few minutes, and I need to turn up, man. Charlie Junior, hashtag on running, you already know slogan. I got a show to get to, man. I don't have time.

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Presentación: Educación y prevención de la diabetes en español

Únase a nosotros en zoom todos los miércoles de mayo para un programa en español sobre diabetes. Esta serie será dirigida por Angélica Rosas y Erika Sierra como parte de una asociación con MEDA. Los temas a tratar incluirán: Aprenda sobre el Diabetes, los tipos y cuidados. Nutrición (Comidas que elevan la azucar y como hacer nuestra comida más balanceada) Bebidas Azucaradas (Que y cuales son, cómo aprender a sacar la cantidad de azúcar que contienen) Manejo de Medicamentos (Conozca sus medicamentos, la función de la insulina y cómo beneficia o afecta a su organismo) Ejercicio (Beneficios) Regístrese una vez y asista a todas o una de las presentaciones.

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hasta en niños. Entonces, esos serían los tipos de diabetes. También está la diabetes estacional que se desarrolla en algunas mujeres durante el embarazo y suele resolverse después de haber tenido al bebé. Después, sí, seguimos. Bueno, ya no veo la dispositiva, pero ahora estas la diabetes. También, ya una vez que está diagnosticado la diabetes tipo 1 o tipo 2, siempre el doctor pues hace el diagnóstico, es la persona que... Un segundito, creo, no sé si hay problemas técnicos, pero dicen que alguien no puede, este, can stream your screen, share it, stop. Yeah, the one that was sharing was Shima, so I don't know. Oh, perdón a mí. No sé. Ok. Sí, un momentito, perdón. Ok, aquí estamos aquí en el tercer parafo hablando de diabetes tipo 1 y tipo 2. Yep, podemos pasar al cuarto. Ok. Gracias. Entonces, siguiente día positiva. Sí, sí, sí. Aquí. Gracias. Ya, pues, como ven, hay muchos medicamentos disponibles para tratar la diabetes tipo 1 y tipo 2. Cada uno de ellos actúa de distinta manera para controlar la azúcar en la sangre. Es muy importante esta información antes de continuar sobre hablando sobre medicamentos, es decir que nosotros somos promotoras de salud, no somos doctores, no somos especialistas, no somos enfermeras y ni investigadores sobre medicamentos. Entonces, estamos, colectamos una serie de información que nos parece valiosa para compartir con ustedes, pero no somos las personas indicadas para recomendar qué medicamentos pueden ser los adecuados para cada uno, en caso de que alguno tenga este ya de a veces. Es muy importante. Por eso hablamos de que nosotros queremos asegurar que la persona, la persona que trabaja con nosotros tenga un seguro médico, que tenga un doctor primario, porque de ahí es donde va a venir saber los medicamentos de esta persona son los adecuados para ella. Entonces, es muy importante la relación cercana que usted pueda tener y la comunicación cercana que usted pueda tener con su doctor para hacerle preguntas acerca de los medicamentos más adecuados para controlar su diabetes. Podemos pasar a la quinta. Gracias. Cuando la dieta y el ejercicio no son suficientes para controlar la diabetes, es necesario introducir los medicamentos, en este caso orales. En una primera etapa paciente, recién diagnosticado puede intentar controlar sus niveles de glucosa mediante una dieta alimenticia adecuada y actividad física normal. Sin embargo, los análisis realizados demuestran que no se han podido reducir estas cifras y es necesario recurrir a los medicamentos orales. Existen varios tipos de medicamentos que se presentan en forma de comprimidos cuyas propiedades permiten lograr una propiedad adecuada de insulina o una mejora en la respuesta del organismo para asimilar. Para establecer mejor un tratamiento adecuado habrá que tomar en cuenta estas pautas. Como ya les dijimos, igual, vuelvo a repetir, es muy importante la comunicación de qué medicamento es el apropiado para usted, dependiendo de su doctor. Hay situaciones a veces, por ejemplo, que pacientes que tienen ya tiempo con cierto medicamento y el azúcar se sigue subiendo muchísimo cuando se la mieden diario. Entonces es muy importante estar en constante comunicación con el doctor, dejándole saber que tal vez ese medicamento ya no está haciendo el trabajo que necesita. Por eso a veces pasa, especialmente por las historias que nosotras en nuestra experiencia que hemos tenido, es muy importante la comunicación y ver y ir con su doctor y valorar si ese medicamento sigue siendo el que le va a ayudar con su diabetes. Entonces, ya. Siguiente, Shima, por favor, de los 6. Estas son algunas imágenes de... Ya, estas son algunas imágenes de cómo ese medicamento, por ejemplo, es la insulina, algunos de los instrumentos o de las herramientas que tienen las personas que tienen diabetes, algunos si tienen diabetes se les hará familiar este tipo de imágenes en otros, tal vez es nuevo, pero esa es la insulina, el glucómetro con el que te mides la glucosa, las agujas, cuando es para las toallitas, los algodones para limpiarte, las plumas sugeringas con las que se pincha uno, las tiras arreactivas, las lancetas, las tiras de cetona y también están tabletas de glucosa. Y el glucómetro, ya, esto serían como algunas de las herramientas que usa las personas que tienen diabetes. ¿Podemos pasar a la siguiente, Shima? Sí, quería preguntar, entonces estas solamente son como para que la gente sepa que si van a usar medicamentos estos son como las herramientas que tal vez van a tener que usar también o es solamente para que si los ven en cuando van al médico para que entienden lo que son o... Ya, gracias por mencionarlo. Sí, es muy importante, es muy importante, por ejemplo, para el medirse la glucosa y saber en qué nivel está el glucómetro, es súper importante. La recomendación usualmente para las personas diabéticas es que se lo deben de medir antes de comer y después de comer y tienen que llevar como un tipo de récord en alguna libreta o en algún híbrido donde ellos van contando cómo va su diabetes. Es la manera como también ellos van viendo, porque también depende de qué come, es que su glucosa puede subir o puede mantenerse estable. Entonces, estas son algunas de las, como dije, de las herramientas familiares que van a... Con las que se tienen que familiarizar, está el glucómetro, que están las famosas tiritas, pero hay distintas versiones. En el mercado hay muchísimos tipos de marcas sobre el glucómetro, sobre las tiras, como estas plumas o jeringas, con las que también te puedes pinchar. Todo depende también de... Pues sí, qué es lo que te recomiende tu doctor y, por supuesto, si se tiene una seguranza, la seguranza qué es lo que te va a proveer en caso de que te provea este tipo de herramientas para la diabetes. Ok. Uno de los medicamentos es la insulina. La insulina es el tipo más común de medicamento utilizado en el tratamiento de diabetes tipo 1. Si tienes diabetes tipo 1, tu cuerpo no puede producir su propia insulina. El objetivo del tratamiento es sustituir la insulina que tu cuerpo no puede producir. Entonces, la insulina también se usa en el tratamiento de diabetes tipo 2. Se administra por inlección y su presentación es, en varias formas, el tipo de insulina que necesita depende de la gravedad del agotamiento de la insulina. Entonces, esta es una pequeña imagen de cómo luce la insulina cuando hay que inyectársela. Alguien tiene alguna pregunta, si no va a continuar mi compañera, Elsa, con el siguiente pan. Gracias. No veo ninguna pregunta. Entonces vamos a seguir. Gracias. Muchas gracias. Ok. Aquí ya vamos a explicar un poquito de parte a parte los diferentes tipos de insulina. Por ejemplo, aquí tenemos la acción rápida. La acción rápida es algo que, por ejemplo, trabaja inmediatamente. Acabo de entre 10 y 15 minutos cuando uno se la coloca, empieza a trabajar y dependiendo de donde aplicarse justo antes de comer. Y dentro de esta categoría se encuentra la insulina lispro, las párticas y la glulicina. Estos son cuáles deben de ser indicadas por su médico general o su endocrinólogo, de acuerdo a las necesidades de cada persona. Aquí les puse un ejemplo de, por ejemplo, de alguna insulina, como miran en las figuras. Que se quieren las farmacias por su nombre como NOVA RAPID, FIAS y LISPRO. Ese es un tipo de las insulinas que se llaman de acción rápida. Siguiente, por favor. Aquí tenemos un ejemplo de otro tipo de insulina que se inhala y que también es de acción rápida. La insulina inhalada, que también se conoce como tecnoesperas de insulina, debe de utilizarse en adultos con diabetes. Estas esferas se asormen con rapidez, teniendo acción igual como de 10 a 15 minutos después de su administración. Y está contraindicada en personas que fuman y pacientes con enfermedades pulmonares como asma o el EPOC. Y esta insulina puede estar disponible en artuchos de uso único, con diferentes dosis, de acuerdo a la indicación de médico de individualmente de cada persona. Pones también deben de ser administradas antes de sus comidas y se puede encontrar bajo el nombre comercial de AFRES. Una pregunta, perdóname, ¿qué quiere decir EPOC? ¿O qué es significado? Ya, así. Ya es una muy buena pregunta. Déjame, déjame checar, déjame confirmarlo. Ya, sí, disculpe, no más que ahorita vamos a verificar las, como se dice, la abreviación de ese, de lo que significa, pero es un exceso de oxígeno en inglés es excos, exceso de oxígeno. Concepción. Ok. Vendría a ser este, también que tiene que ver con el, como te digo, la, el oxígeno, la acción del oxígeno en el metabolismo de, que ocurre cuando hacemos ejercicio en, hay gente que, o que se sobre, se sobre, como es la palabra, se sobre, adquita o algo así. Ya. Por falta de oxígeno. Ya, está, perdón. No sé cómo decirla en español, pero. Ya. Es exceso de exceso, exceso de oxígeno. Entonces, es algo que, si tienes complicaciones pulmonares. Ya. Es algo que tienes que tener en mente cuando estás. Sí. Por ejemplo, si tengo una tos con flema, una tos seca, ¿no? Es, es lo que significa eso en personas que sufren de eso o tengo este, infecciones respiratorias o me falta un poco de oxígeno de respiración o hago el, como se dice, el whizzing, como respirar, así como. Difficultad en respiración. Exactamente. Hyperventilar. Hyperventilar, creo que es cuando alguna persona se hiperventila, que es, es en, es en español, hiperventilar, no sé, es que. Es presión en el, presión en el, en el pecho, ¿no? Ya. Es como demasiado, es que estás demasiado focada para, para. Ya. Ya. En general, es problemas pulmonares, pero Epoch es hiperventilar, sería en español. Ok. Entonces, es que verdaderamente no puedes respirar profundamente. Ya. Exactamente. Gracias. Sí. Ok. A la siguiente. Sí, por favor. Ok. Ok. Aquí tenemos la número tres, que es una insulina de acción regular o porta, se dice. Este tipo de insulina tiene un efecto como de 30 minutos después de su aplicación, la cual los sus, sus, sus. Y ha tenido una duración de tres a seis horas. Teniendo una duración de tres a seis horas. Su médico le puede indicar la insulina de acción regular en corta o corta en casos de una intervención quirúrgica o de infecciones agudas. Sin embargo, esto dependerá de cada caso. Nos vemos individualmente en cada persona. Y aquí tenemos los nombres comerciales o se dice genéricos de esta insulina. Te puede hacer apidra, noboli, humulin, erre o atrapid. Hoy tenemos un ejemplo de las diferentes insulinas que pueden tener una acción regular o porta. Esos son los nombres genéricos. Y aquí en esta tenemos la acción intermedia. La lección intermedia es insulina basal, que es utilizada para mantener la cantidad de esta hormona constante en el organismo durante 12 a 18 horas. Por lo que es posible que el médico indique en vez de una, dos inyecciones diarias para mantener el efecto del organismo a lo largo del día. Y esta insulina se puede encontrar bajo estos nombres como humilin, humilina, NPH, densulin, n, insulix, n, novolin, i, insulatar o insul. Esos son algunos de los nombres comerciales o genéricos que se para este tipo de insulina que es de acción interna. Y aquí le tenemos un poquito también más de detalle en lo que son los fármacos amilimiméticos. Por ejemplo, esto es un fármaco inyectable que se usa antes de las comidas. Su acción consiste en retrasar el tiempo que tarda tu estómago en vaciarse. También reduce la secreción del glucagon después de las comidas y esto baja el nivel de azúcar en la sangre. Como también reduce el apetito por medio de un mecanismo central y el nombre genérico de esto es pram-link-tida o sim-link. Y tengo inhibidores de alfagiliposidad. Estos medicamentos nos ayudan al cuerpo a descomponer los alimentos que contienen amidón y azúcar de mesa. Este efecto reduce los niveles de azúcar en la sangre para obtener mejores resultados y debemos tomar estos medicamentos antes de las comidas. Otro nombre genérico de esto es acarboza o miglitora y la última es viguanidas. Las viguanidas son, disminuyen la cantidad de azúcar que produce tu hígado, disminuyen la cantidad de azúcar que actualmente los intestinos, que también pueden hacer que el cuerpo sea más sensible a la insulina y ayudan a los músculos para absorber la limposa. Y el nombre genérico de esta es la metafórmina, la muy famosa metafórmina o metafórmina combinada. Y aquí tenemos otro equipo de inhibidores de la hipestitilpeptidasa. Los inhibidores de, se dice DPP4, es la abrevasión de esto. Nos ayudan a nuestro cuerpo a seguir produciendo la insulina. Su acción consiste en reducir el azúcar en la sangre, sin causar una hipoglucemia, que es decir, el nivel bajo de azúcar en la sangre. Estos fármacos también pueden ayudar el páncreas, también como producir más insulina. Y el nombre genérico, un poquito difícil, que no lo puedo leer, que sin una genicita eglipintina que viene a ser como llanuvia o llanumets, es un nombre genérico is saxa egliptina y la otra es lina egliptina. La amiglatinidas, estos medicamentos ya ayudan a tu cuerpo a liberar insulina. Sin embargo, en algunos casos podemos reducir demasiado, pueden reducir demasiado el azúcar en la sangre. El nombre genérico para esta es la replaglinida y la natelineida. Y en inglés creo que es pandrin o algo así. Los inhibidores del transportador de sodio es otro tipo de sodio glucosa. Es un inhibidor del transportador de sodio glucosa 2, dice. Actúan impidiendo que los riñones retengan la glucosa, glucosa. En cambio, el cuerpo elimina la glucosa a través de la orina. Y un nombre genérico es, como ven ahí, anaglizofina, zina y depanilizofina. Y ahí está un ejemplo de una figura que es esa medicación para también la diabetes. La siguiente, por favor. Y esta es un ejemplo también de otra que se llama sulfonilureas. Esos son algunos de los fármacos para la diabetes más antiguos que siguen usando hoy en día. La opción también consiste en estimular el pancreas con la ayuda de células. Esto hace que tu cuerpo produzca más insulina. Y un nombre genérico es lipamerida, lipicida o gliburida. Y otro medicamento que tenemos aquí que también nos ayuda con la glucosa es la piasolidinellona. Estas actúan reduciendo la glucosa en el hígado. Y también nos ayudan a las células grasas a usar mejor insulina. Y un nombre genérico para este medicamento es actos o avanea. Estos son todos los medicamentos que les, les, les dimos un poquito de, o sea, enseñarles de cómo, qué es cada medicina. Como dijo mi compañera, no somos expertos, no somos médicos ni clínicos. Es lo más para darles un poquito más de información de qué es cada medicina y cómo pueden actuar diferentes tipos de insulina en su tiempo. Y este, pues no sé si tengan algunas preguntas. No veo ninguna preguntas aquí en el chat, pero si hay alguna podemos esperar un, unos minutos. Sí, sí, sí, está bien. Ya, gracias, gracias, Elsa. Sólo me gustaría agregar que es muy importante, pues tener toda esta información y hablar con su doctor de cerca. Hay, hay una serie de preguntas que, las preguntas que podemos hacer a nuestro doctor cuando vamos a, a la visita que, que nosotros podemos formular esa pregunta. Podemos formular esas preguntas a nuestro doctor, verdad, porque a veces parece que las citas son rápidas o, pero es muy importante que nos demos tiempo, verdad, que nos explique por qué, pues nosotros somos los que vamos a tomar esos medicamentos. Entonces, cuál es el nombre del medicamento que estoy tomando, bien, en qué forma genérica viene, cuál es el nombre de la marca, por, por, por qué la estoy tomando, qué es lo que exactamente va a controlar, es mi yucosa va, va, va, va, en qué parte va, va a trabajar. Cuando tengo que tomarla, en qué cantidad tengo que tomarla, puedo tomarla cuando tengo el tomado vacío, este, si puedo tomar, si no puedo tomar el medicamento, por qué algo pasó que puedo hacer, puedo tomar alcohol si estoy tomando este medicamento. Pareciera una pregunta, hoy a verdad que es no, cuando no, pero, pero si alguien tiene esa pregunta, por favor, Ana, porque es muy importante, si a veces la persona piensa como, oh, lo voy a hacer, me voy a tomar y después tomo un poco de alcohol y la reacción que puede, que puede tener nuestro cuerpo al, al hacer esa combinación puede, puede ser cabótica. Entonces, debemos de tener la información. Por cuánto tiempo estaré tomando este medicamento, cuando va a empezar a tener un efecto, cómo es que está funcionando, puedo medirla con mi medidor, medidor de glucosa, qué efectos conlaterales puedo esperar. Es muy importante esa parte, esa pregunta, porque a veces tomamos el medicamento, verdad, en general, en cualquier enfermedad, estas diabetes, pero hay otras enfermedades donde uno comienza a tomar los medicamentos, pero a veces no sabe uno qué efectos y empieza, nosotros empezamos a sentir ciertos efectos en nuestro cuerpo y pensamos que puede ser otra cosa, pero probablemente es el medicamento. Entonces, es muy importante preguntar con el doctor qué efectos conlaterales puedo esperar. Qué debo hacer, por ejemplo, si mi presión arteria se baja mucho, a quién debo llamar si presento una emergencia. Hay algún otro tipo de medicamento o medicina normal que se contraindique con este medicamento. Sí, porque eso también es muy importante, si nos está dando un medicamento, es muy importante que también el sepa si yo estoy tomando otros medicamentos para otras enfermedades como la presión arterial, por ejemplo, la presión alta o el colesterol, algún tratamiento que yo esté llevando. Entonces, es muy importante también tener esas preguntas con nuestro doctor bajo qué condiciones debo dejar de tomar este medicamento. En general, son las preguntas que debemos hacer a nuestro doctor cada que estamos en esta consulta, cuando se nos está dando toda, pues sí, se los está diciendo tenés diabetes tipo 2, van a tener estos medicamentos. Hay que darle estas preguntas a nuestro doctor para tener nosotros mucho más claro qué vamos a esperar a nosotros en comenzar a tomar estos medicamentos. No sé si tienes algún comentario sobre eso. No, sí, creo que es un muy buen punto y para recordarles a todos que es tu cuerpo, aunque los médicos saben más de la medicina, más de la diabetes, tú conoces a tu propio cuerpo y tú conoces a las ansiedades que tienes, las preguntas que tienes y que no es solamente una cosa que debe ser, pero es tu derecho a abogar por sí mismo y abogar por sí mismo es preguntar estas preguntas, verdad? Que no es una lata de su derecho para saber lo que estás haciendo tú con tu propio cuerpo para mejorarse, ¿verdad? Claro, gracias. Sí, no, y es muy importante, como dijo mi compañera Mercedes, de todas esas preguntas, pues yo creo que ella compartió algunas de las preguntas que pues estamos bien en eso que deberíamos hacer a nuestros, a nuestro doctor primario de cabecera. Pues muchas gracias, no veo a ningún, o tengo una participante, Belitza, si quieres hablar, si quieres de esta parte del micrófono, Belitza, o tienes una pregunta? Ahí está. Ok. Ok, ok. Este, sí, muchas gracias por esa recomendación de los medicamentos, a veces este, como dijo, como dijo una de ellas, pues este, a veces muy poquito tiempo, pues nos da la doctora y a veces a mí se me olvida hasta lo que yo voy a preguntar, pues por ejemplo yo, pues este, estoy muy preocupada porque la doctora me está quitando los medicamentos y ahorita me estoy dando cuenta que me volvió a subir de nuevo el azúcar y no me baja. Es esta mi primera semana, la primera semana que estoy viendo que está, el azúcar lo tenía arriba de 200, 250, así, y ahora en la mañana me lo volví a hacer y está a 233. Entonces yo creo que me afectó de que me haya quitado un medicamento. Ya, sí, está alta, está alto el azúcar y ya, es muy importante que hagas contacto con ella, tan pronto como puedas, llama, pero también te recomiendo mucho que estés pendiente de que estás comiendo. Entonces, sabes que hay una recomendación muy importante sobre cómo balancear nuestra alimentación, entonces disminuir a lo más que se pueda los carbohidratos y más bien darle la bienvenida a todos los vegetales, a lo más especialmente los verdes, darles, darles esa bienvenida en el plato, la mitad de nuestro plato tendría que servirme y nuestra proteína, la comida lo más balanceada a tus horas, es muy importante también que estés comiendo a tus horas y otra cosa que muchos no se habla, pero la diabetes, la azúcar también se sube o la glucosa o en general la diabetes se sube por el nivel de estrés que a veces estamos pasando. Entonces si tú también estás ahora atravesando una situación o un nivel de estrés fuerte, puede que también sea una razón por la cual estás teniendo tu azúcar un poco más alta. No ahora mismo, te digo nosotros no somos clínicos, médicos, pero es muy importante que tú encuentres la manera de saber, es la comida, estoy pasando ahora mismo por un nivel de estrés muy fuerte, fue el medicamento, me estoy haciendo el suficiente ejercicio, estoy tomándome un tiempo, estamos recomendando que por lo menos 30 minutos al día ya sea de caminatas, de un ejercicio de flexibilidad o de yoga, de hacer algo que donde seas un tiempo solo para ti, para caminar, para relajarte, para cuidarte un poco. Es muy importante especialmente tú que ya tienes la diabetes, creo que sí es muy importante que te vayas dando cuenta que es lo que está pasando. Son algunas ideas que ahora tengo, que me surgen de lo que nos estás comentando, pero lo primordial es hacer una llamada al doctor primario, dejarles saber que has notado porque lo sientes que salto, entonces tienes que decirle que necesitas hacer una cita lo antes posible para valorar si pueden darte otra vez el medicamento o cuál es su recomendación. Ok, muchas gracias. Gracias Belisa por tu pregunta. Pues si no tenemos otras preguntas, lo que puedo hacer es voy a compartir esta presentación con los participantes que se registraron. Muchas gracias a nuestras presentadoras, a Mercedes y a Elsa y nos vemos el miércoles siguiente, aquí a las 10 y muchas gracias a todos. Muchas gracias. Gracias. Nos da la oportunidad y espero que pues con un poquito de este aprendizaje todos hagamos aprendido un poquito más y nomás mencionar a recobrar lo que había dicho Mercedes con nuestra participante que es mejor por favor que contacte a su doctor porque este es eso es muy importante. Ellos le pueden ayudar a que pueda reducir. No soy clínica, pero a reducir un poquito de repente con una medicación que le pueda como la insulina rápida que se dice uno cada cuerpo es diferente, eso de repente eso por favor no dejar no dejarlo ir es todo lo que quería agregar. Y también en caso de que necesiten algún apoyo extra, más comunicación, algún acompañamiento, nosotros estamos bienvenidos a estar para servirles a los participantes y Shima tiene nuestra información, entonces también puede compartir nuestro teléfono, nuestro correo electrónico y nosotros nos podríamos en contacto con ustedes en caso de que ustedes tengan interés en tener más comunicación con nosotros. Gracias. A ustedes pues cuídense todos y nos vemos la semana siguiente.

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Get to Know Titans LB Bud Dupree | 2-Minute Drill

Linebacker Bud Dupree answers questions about himself in the 2-Minute Drill. Subscribe to the Titans YT Channel: https://bit.ly/2M1n3Kd For More Titans NFL Action: https://bit.ly/2LWlmxy #TennesseeTitans #Titans #NFL #TitanUp For more Titans action: https://www.tennesseetitans.com Like us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/titans Follow us on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/titans Follow us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/titans

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I grew up in Woodes County to see the right side of making. I went to University of Kentucky. I started playing football at the age of six. Who would play me in the film version of my life? Will Smith. My favorite TV show is Snowfall. If I wasn't a football player, what I would be doing right now was some type of entrepreneurship. I was in the eating competition. I would shoot, fry, shoot. I do have pets, and I have all dogs. Cannon, Spass, Mamba, Ruby, Nova, Red, Baby Momma, Block, Rambo, Dino, Buck, 11, Jumbo, that's 12, and the last one is all blue. My social media channel was Georgia. My favorite athlete growing up was Michael Vick. My greatest football moment of my life was even direct. Bud DePri.

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Geridəqalmış cəmiyyət və ya hər şeyi itiririk - Əsgər Möhsümoğlu

Mənə həmişə qəribə gələrdi ki, kollektiv ruhu zəif olan cəmiyyətlərdə kommunizm yaxud sosializm ideyaları daha böyük dəstək tapır – sanki insanlar ruhi boşluğu sərt ideologiya ilə doldurmağa, fərdi acizliyi məstedici doqma ilə kompensasiya etməyə çalışırlar. Yəqin bu səbəbdən Eduard Banfieldin kitabının müqəddiməsi diqqətimi cəlb etdi: “Bu kitab siyasi toplumun mədəni, psixoloji və əxlaqi durumu haqdadır. Bu yanaşma bizim [Amerika] mədəniyyətimizdən fərqli olan mədəniyyət haqdadır ki, birgə fəaliyyətə əngəl törədən faktorları nəzərdən keçirir… Bu kitab cənubi İtaliyada yoxsul və geridəqalmış kənd haqdadır. Birbaşa və maddi maraqlarını adlayaraq ümumi rifah uğrunda fəaliyyət göstərə bilməyən cəmiyyət haqda…"#kanal13abunəsiol ​ #VideonuBəyən​ #AbunəmizOl #Kanal13Televiziyasi https://www.youtube.com/user/kanal13az?sub_confirmation=1 - bu linkə vursanız bütün aksiyalara canlı baxa biləcəksiniz! http://youtube.com/kanal13az/join - bu linkə basıb Kanal13-ün sponsoru olun və xüsusi videolarımızı yalnız siz izləyin! http://t.me/kanal13tv & https://bit.ly/37BVMqU https://www.youtube.com/user/kanal13az?sub_confirmation=1 https://bit.ly/2Rs6MB3 #sondeqiqexeberleri #Kanal13abunəsiol https://bit.ly/2V19Fdy Baxın, bəyənin və HAQQIMIZI verin - bu linkə tıklayıb ABUNƏ OLUN - https://www.youtube.com/user/kanal13az?sub_confirmation=1 Kanalımıza bu linkə tıklamaqla dəstəyinizi göstərin: http://bit.ly/birmanat https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_TneqvSfh-KsIyZMlJjVsQ/join *Diqqət: Kanal13-də vətəndaş şikayətləri ilə bağlı yayılan videolar kanalın mövqeyini əks etdirmir, kanal bu ittihamların məzmununa görə məsuliyyət daşımır və hər hansı video materialda adı çəkilən və ya özünü qarşı tərəf kimi görən bütün hüquqi və fiziki şəxslərin mövqeyini də dərc etməyə hazırıq. Əlaqə üçün: +49176 75077516 WhatsApp **Diqqət! Diqqət! Sizdən hər hansı işlə bağlı Kanal13 adından pul istəyiblərsə təcili olaraq 070 2090400 WhatsApp nömrəmizə yazaraq bildirin və polisə və prokurorluğa xəbər verin!!! Kanal13 olaraq Uca Millətimizə təmənnasız xidmət etməkdən qürur duyuruq!!! © Kanal13 TV istehsal etdiyi bütün video və audio məhsulları azad yayım hüququ altında yayır (free copyright and reuse allowed) və hər bir digər yayımçı Kanal13 tərəfindən istehsal edilmiş məhsulu məzmunu dəyişdirmədən, loqonu silmədən, Kanal13-ə istinad etməklə təkrar yaya bilər. Bu halda şirkətimizdən xüsusi icazə alınmasına ehtiyac yoxdur: Amma bir qeydə XÜSUSİ DİQQƏT YETİRİN: Kanal13-də yayımlanmış materialların digər YouTUbe kanallarında təkrar yayımına ancaq 48 SAATDAN SONRA İCAZƏ VERİLİR. Ümumiyyətlə isə, arzuediləndir ki, Kanal13-ə məxsus hər hansı video material youtube.com/kanal13az hesabına link verilməklə yayımlansın. Materialların qeyd edilən tələblər daxilində başqa youtube hesablarına, saytlara və ya sosial şəbəkələrə yüklənərək yayılması sərbəstdir. Qaydalar pozularsa şikayət edilə biləcəyinizi nəzərə alın! Xüsusi qeyd: Şərh bölməsində yazılan təhqir və söyüşlər silincək. Kanal13 olaraq hörmətli izləyicilərimizdən xahiş edirik ki, tənqid yazmağı təhqir yazmaqla qarışdırmasınlar və heç kimi aşağılayıcı ifadələrlə təhqir etməsinlər. ▌▌►Website: http://kanal13.tv/ http://www.facebook.com/tvkanal13 https://twitter.com/Kanal13Az https://plus.google.com/+Kanal13AZ/posts http://ok.ru/kanal13 https://vk.com/kanal13tv https://www.instagram.com/kanal13.az Click & Subscribe to the main youtube Channel: http://www.youtube.com/channel/UC_TneqvSfh-KsIyZMlJjVsQ?sub_confirmation=1 Online Radio BakuFm: http://baku.fm/ Facebook Official Page: https://www.facebook.com/RadioBakuFM © KANAL13 [ Azərbaycanın ilk peşəkar internet televiziyası ] The First Internet TV of Azerbaijan

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Mənə həmşə qərbə qəvərdik ki, kollektiv ruhu zəif olan zəmiyyətlərdə komunizm yaxud, sosializm ideyaları daha böyük təstək tapır. Sanki insanlar ruhu boşluğu sərt ideolojiyələ doldurmağa, fərdı ağzizliyi məsləlizi dogma ilə kampansasi etməyə çalışırlar. Yəgim bu səbəbdən Edward Banfieldin kitabının müqəttiməsi diqətimiz albətdir. Bu kitab, siyasi taplımın mədəni psixoloji və əxvagi durumu haqqdadır. Bu yanaşma bizim Amerika mədənətimizdən fəqli olan mədənət haqdadır ki, biricə fəaliyyətə ən gel-töyrədən faktorları nəzərdən keçirir. Bu kitab, Zenubi İtalya'da yoxsul və gerdə qalmış kəndaqdadır. Bir başa və maddi maraqlarını adlayarak ümumi rifah uğrunda fəaliyyət göstərə bilməyən zəmiyyət haqda. 1000-ki şaf etmiş zəmiyyətlə gerdə qalmış zəmiyyət arasında çi fərgi tanınmış Amerikalı politolog Edward Banfield aylə maraqlarının zəmiyyət maraqlarıyla tokuşduğum əçəndə haqdadır. 1955-ci ildə İtalya nəzərin bunda ki, Mantegrano kəndində bir müddət vahkəsirən politologun cəldi iqanatlər, üstündən nə qədər vahkək etsə də çifayət qədər maraq doğur. Gerdə qalmış zəmiyyətin əxlaq yəsasları. Çitabında Banfield bir kəndi mikrokozum kimi götürək, uğursuz zəmiyyətin partritin səkir. Məlifin tablosu zəmiyyət iləmə dəniyyəti, fırsası isə Amoral ayləsilik adlandırdığı anlamdır. Amoral ayləsilik deyəndə Banfield ən dar mənada aylə maraqlarının saba-i ümumi fəaliyyə sərciləyə bilməmək problemini nəzələ tutur. Bu mühitdə insanları yalnız özləri və ən yaxın aylə üzüləri düşündürür. Cəniş anlamda ətraf cəmiyyət və toplumun rifahı onların dəzinə deyil. Mantegrano'nun 3.4 nəfər əhalisi var. Buranın sakinləri əsasan fərmir yaxud günəmuz işləyən adamlardır. Bu kəddə qəzid tərc olunmur. Rəsm-i evanlar, hökumətin inhisarında olan təmbəki dükananda divara vurulur. Şəhərin 20-25 nəfərliş elitası bütün günü bir yerə yalışıq, damını oynamaqla vaq keçirir. Bundan saba-i onlar həs bir faydalı işlə məşğul olunurlar. Mantegrano'nun təhzirləri bilirlər ki, çəndə yol lazımdır. Amma həçkim, uzak hökumət idarəsinə məktub yazmır. Sünki çoxları haqlı olaraq hesab edir ki, bunun xeyri yoxdur. Mantegrano da həs bir xeyriyəsi təşkilat yoxdur. Rahibələrin idari etdiyətimxana dövlət tərəfindən maliyələşir. Çəndə halisi buraya bir qəpikdə iyana vermir. Çəttə 2 çilsə var ki, onlardan birinə sizil yalıç həllinin oğlu, o birisine vaarlı təhzirin oğlu başlılı gedir. Bu çilsələrin xeyriyə işləri ilə heç bir ağaqası yoxdur. Bazar günün muoze zamana gəzdirilən iyana boşqa buna çoxları pul atmır. Atan da adətən yarım sətdən çox pul qeymır. Yaxrı iş görmək isteyen adamı də hamu şüphə və ya pahıllıqla qarşılayır. Hətta müqəttəslə də təbağı dökarlıqlarına bakmayaraq, ancap özlərinin qayıqsına qalırdılar. Hər halda insan si sütəmib. Dəyə cənz müəllim çəttə altruizmi yoxluqunu izah edir. Olabilsin mantegrana kəndinin bərbat durumunu başqa ənənəvi səhəblərlə izah etmək olar. Məsələm, mantegranoğların çoxu çasıbdır. Yəməyə tələktən başqa bir şey tapmırlar. Yoxsul adamların dolanışıq qayıqlarından başqa hətsinəyə vaxtı çatmır. Yaxud kəndi savasızdır, hətsinə kambır. Biliksiz adamlar toplumundan bundan artıq nə gözləmək olar? Biliksizlər deyə bilərlər ki, çən simfi müvarizənin qurbanadır. Belə ki, yuharı sinif, aşağı sinifi əsarətdə saxılır. Onlara dirsəlməyə imkan vermir. Kamulist deyər ki, torpaqı olan kəndilər stotskuvunu qormaqda maraqıdırlar. Ona görə də kallektik, əməl mümkün deyil. Tariqsizlər iddiyə edə bilərlər ki, əsirlər boy insanları edilən zulüm onları impatində hasalır, zavallılar indiyədəkdə özlərinə gələ bilmək bilər. Amma Banfieldin gözündə bunlar səbəbdən daha çox, bəhane xarəktəri daşır. Bu insanlar özrifaqlarını yaxşılaşdırmaq üçün, əllerində olan imkanlardan belə yararlanmalarlar. Onları bərbat durmasalan təksə abiektiv faktorlar yox, həyata münasibət, əxlaqi deyərlər ümumi mələniyyəttir. Fakt budur ki, sökülmüş məktəb divarını təmin etmək yaxud qabılı soyulmuş çilsə qapsınır rəngləmək üçün mantekran onlarda çifayət qədər vaxt və bazarıq var. Amma heç kim bunu yetmir? Əvəzində hama kimisi günahlandırmaq, qəri ətvəktiv ölçmətdən şikayət etməyərin sürünüş verir. Banfieldin yaşadığı İtalya da Amerika Silahının sayəsində ikinci dünya mühərbəsindən sonra demokratiya var. Gən iman teqranoğullar öz həcumətləni səsməkdə azatdırlar. Amma insanların siyasətə münasibəti qeyri ciddidir. Vətəndaşlar bir gün Hristiyan demokratılara səs verir, o bir gün sosialistlərə, başqa gündə kaministlərə siyasi partiyalar əhəmiyyətlir ola malik deyirlər. Doktor Frank Cino 1945-ci ildən sonra sosialist partiyasının yerlə dəyağını yaratmaqa qəlar vermişdi. Amma partiya üzürlük haqqı gündəmə gələn cimi? Mantekrano da mara gördü, partiya eşinə zibindən biraz pul qoyduqdan sonra doktor Cino təncə gəlib hər şək tüpürdü. Çalışırdım ki, əməksləriyi bir yerə yığım, həmkarlar ittifak yaratıq nəsə edəc? Amma burada ruh yoxdur, insanlarda biricə işləmək hissi yoxdur. Mantekrano da ilolmur ki, siyasətsi vəzifəyi səs iddikdən zəmi birini çay sonra hamun eləyini çıxmasın. Sabiq tərəftarları çox vaxt haqqı olaraq demokratik seslərdə qalip gəlmiş resminin sonradan yekəxana, karruksiyenəri və ancaq özünü düşünən bir məhləq olduquna aşar edir. Gözlənti və nətizəyə daim burada bir-birini doğruldur. İtalyanın canıbında birokrət etnansızlığı normadır. Diyyə 49 il-hökmət qurluğunda çalışmış adam dirlənir. Ölkənin prezidentindən tutmuş ən adı İtalyana da ki, insanlarda həc bir borcisi yoxdur. Ələri xusus məhsullar iş görmək üçün borcisi. Mantekrano da məktəb müəllimlərin də işə həvəsi yoxdur. Müəllim üçün işə gelməmək, yaxud gezikmək, adı halalım. Uzak başı müəllim 4 saat dərsin deyir və ondan sonra uşağın həyatına həc bir mara göstərmir. Özünü solçu sosialist kimi təqdim edən əlzatı da işinə borcisi yanaşmır. Onun fikrincə dəriman təcidatı tapmaq, lazım adamlara bu dərimanları çaktırmaq, onun işi deyil. Mantekrano islərdən həc yaxşı əsirət sımaz. Nə qədər zəhasur olsalar da, amoral ailəcilər adətən dövüştə qalip gəlmirlər. Əskərləri quruşduran, mənsub oldular qurma. Ən azı yoldaşlarını olan sadəq ədislidir. Qudbün öznə qurluq yox. Amoral ailəcilerin zəmiyyətində təşkilat qurmaq, yaxud onu saxlamak oldu zəsətindir. İnsanları təşkilatı xidmət etməyə sövqədən xüsusiyyət qeyri eqaisdik, qeyri materialist motivlərdən qaynaqlanır. Qurlu təşkilatın başlıca cəhəti odur ki, onun üzüləri bir-birlərini ətibar etsinlər. Yüksək əxlaqı olan təşkilat da belə anlanır ki, hami təşkilatın ümumi rifahı naminə kizik və bəzəndə böyük fədaçarlığılara gədəcək. Avropalar Amerika'larla müqaəs edən Alex Tocvil o zaman yazırdı. Ümumilikdə düşünməyəm ki, bizdə xudbillik Amerika daçından çoxdur. Fərq ondadır ki, orada xudbillik mariflənmiş halalı. Amerika-lı özal maraqları, iştimaya maraqları qurban verməyin vaxtını bilir. Biz isə hər şeyi əldə saxlamak istəyirik, nətizədə hər şeyi itiririk.

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WEEKLY WW GROCERY HAUL & MEAL PLAN | WEIGHT WATCHERS!

I hope you enjoy this weeks grocery haul and meal plan! I am SO excited to share this weeks recipes with you!! xo *JENN’S WW TRIBE MERCH!!!! https://teespring.com/stores/jennswwtribe *Want a FREE month of WW??? https://www.weightwatchers.com/us/checkout/iaf/?iaftoken=AA9A9E1A00 YVETTE SPORTSWEAR (the BEST sports bras and leggings!!) CODE – JENN15 for 15% off!! High Impact Sports Bra Collection: http://shrsl.com/1ytic Leggings Collection: http://shrsl.com/1ytih *FAB FIT FUN BOX: https://fabfitfun.com CODE- JENSWW for $10 OFF YOUR 1ST BOX! *BUILT BARS: http://share.builtbar.com/jennswwjourney 10% off the sample box or the full box- jennswwjourney (+ FREE SHIPPING!) **YOU CAN USE THE CODE AS MANY TIMES AS YOU WANT!!!** *WESTERN BAGEL: https://westernbagel.com 10% off ANY order code- jennswwjourney *SMART SWEETS: https://smartsweets.com FREE SHIPPING code- jennclayton *SMART CAKES & SMART BUNS https://smartbakingco.com/ref/jennswwjourney 10% off ALL orders! *BONES COFFEE - $5 OFF YOUR ORDER!! http://i.refs.cc/zgmI9aBq?smile_ref=eyJzbWlsZV9zb3VyY2UiOiJzbWlsZV91aSIsInNtaWxlX21lZGl1bSI6IiIsInNtaWxlX2NhbXBhaWduIjoicmVmZXJyYWxfcHJvZ3JhbSIsInNtaWxlX2N1c3RvbWVyX2lkIjo0MDU0ODYyOTV9 *JULIAN BAKERY- Click the link below and enter the code 😊 https://julianbakery.com/ref/121/ 10% off & FREE SHIPPING – Code FB10 *NETRITION.COM https://www.netrition.com/cgi/goto.cgi?aid=4549 *PROTEINWISE.COM - $10 OFF YOUR FIRST ORDER!! (Ships to Canada!!) http://i.refs.cc/mPBPlBhD *ERIN CONDRON PLANNER: - $10 OFF YOUR FIRST ORDER (When joining the Insiders Club (it’s free to join!)!! https://shareasale.com/r.cfm?b=1200956&u=2120621&m=71368&urllink=&afftrack= *NUTSTOP: 10% OFF Nutstop.com JWWJ10 for 10% off!! URTHBOX – GREAT snack box delivered to your door step!!! FREE bonus box!! http://shrsl.com/1yo6d *SOJO GLASSES – 15% off!! Code- jennswwjourney http://bit.ly/2schUat *CARRIE ELLE MEAL PLANNER: Click the link and enter the code for 10% off! https://carrieelle.com Code- jennswwjourney *ICONIC PROTEIN SHAKES!! 15% off!! https://drinkiconic.com Use the code- jennc15 *DEVOTION NUTRITION!!! 10% OFF!! http://devotionnutrition.com?aff=221 Use the code- jennswwjourney *HEALTHY EATING ON THE GO BARS: 12% OFF!! https://www.heat-go.com/ Code- jennswwjourney *TEAMI: https://www.teamiblends.com/discount/JENNC20 Save 20% off any order of $29+!! *DAKS SPICES!! 10% OFF & FREE SHIPPING!! https://daksspices.com/buy-daks Code- jennswwjourney *SOJOS BLUE LIGHT BLOCKING GLASSES! 15% OFF!! http://bit.ly/2schUat Code- jennswwjourney **JEULIA JEWERLY!! 15% off any purchase!! http://bit.ly/37wWR2u Code - JENNIFERGG15 *SIPS BY TEA SUBSCRIPTION BOX: https://sipsby.com?utm_campaign=vlogger&utm_medium=youtube&utm_source=youtube&utm_content=JennsWWJourney Use the code JENN5 for $5 off your 1st box!!! *AMAZON STORE (All my favorite things!!) https://www.amazon.com/shop/jennswwjourney HAPPY MAIL!!! Jenn Clayton PO Box 32 Colbert, WA 99005 Join my Facebook Group- Jenn's WW Tribe https://m.facebook.com/groups/637837546653831 Follow me on Instagram: jenns.wwjourney Business Inquiries: jennclayton@yahoo.com Copyright free music from Epidemic Sound *Some links may be affiliate or referral links*

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Hi friends, happy Saturday 6 40 a.m. And this girl is at the grocery store It doesn't open for about another 15 minutes or so So I'm gonna finish compiling my grocery list make sure everything is on there and ready to pick up in the store And then I will be headed home to show you all of the groceries that I picked up for the week Is well as my carry-on meal planner and what I have planned out as far as meals go for this week I'm excited. I have some really delicious yummy meals on my plan for this week So super excited about that So if you want to see all of the groceries that I picked up for the week and my meal plan then just stay tuned So I just got back from the grocery store and here is my haul So this is actually a smaller haul than normal I have quite a bit of meat and everything on hand for the week So I had to just pick up a few of those things and then just some dairy and a little bit of canned goods So let me show you everything that I picked up for the week after I show you my grocery haul will go through my meal plan I Grab another box of the simple truth natural chicken breasts. I actually really like these. There is zero added fat to the breast of chicken and No rib meat So definitely zero points and they just the quality is a million times better than the less expensive version of chicken and Really quick look who's joined us for the grocery haul He actually goes to the vet today at 1130 to check his stitches and to check his staples and see if they're ready to be removed So I'm sure he's looking forward to that as much as we are. I Also grabbed two cans of the Pillsbury Crescent rolls. These are the reduced calorie I am making a recipe that requires two cans this week I also picked up a container of dairy gold 2% low fat cottage cheese This is both for a recipe this week as well as for snacking. I've been really enjoying cottage cheese lately I also grabbed a big container of the fa a 0% Greek yogurt I need this for a couple of recipes and I'm about out I'm also going to be making two ingredient dough it for meal prep So I needed non-fat Greek yogurt for that. I Also picked up light or reduced fat sour cream again for some recipes this week And because we are about out of light sour cream. I also grabbed some yogurts I've been really enjoying parfaits with the raspberry smart cakes. So I grabbed berries and cream pineapple Vanilla and then toasted coconut vanilla So for yogurts to get me through the week for either snacking or for the parfaits They have not had these eggs for a while the happy eggs are no longer on sale Which I love but these eggs are so good. These are better than the happy eggs They're about six dollars a dozen and they have not had them for a while They finally have them back in stock and I actually had a coupon for a dollar 25 off. So I think that made them like for 25 a dozen so not bad and they really are so delicious. This is the blue sky Organic pastures eggs young Also, they had a great meat sale going on. They had their roasts buy one get one free equal or lesser value So I actually got two boneless chuck roasts for about $15. So that is a definite steal I'm actually going to be doing an instant pot recipe It was pot roast this week So one of the roasts is for that and the other one I will toss in the freezer for a future recipe You can never beat buy one get one the free I also grabbed some sprinkles. These are for my Easter Baking that I'm going to be doing where I'm going to be showing you guys a super fun Easter recipe for The holiday time so I grabbed some fun little Easter sprinkles And then we're also having Easter dinner at our house And it is my father-in-law's birthday as well So I'm going to be making an Easter bunny cake and so these sprinkles will come in handy. I Also picked up a can of tuna fish. I like to just have this on hand I bought those Joseph pitas in my nutrition haul if you haven't seen that haul make sure you check that out But I thought some tuna fish pitas would be a really good lunch. I Picked up a can of Rotel just to have on hand same with a can of cream of chicken soup I don't know if you guys knew but this healthy request is The less points than the reduced fat cream of chicken So if you can find the healthy request you might as well grab it has a little more flavor a little bit thicker than the fat free I Also picked up a tiny little jar of diced Pimentos and this is for a recipe this week that called for Pimentos, but this is so cute. It's literally the smallest jar ever Lift in onion soup mix again for a recipe. I believe this is for the pot roast But don't quote me on that. I'll show you my meal plan here in just a bit, but I grabbed some onion soup mix I'm also making a brownie recipe in meal prep and I like to add some espresso or some coffee to my brownies It just really enhances the chocolate flavor. So I picked up this instant espresso Also, I had a great coupon for these making these about 50 cents So I grabbed another can of no fat refried beans I also needed quite a bit of broth this week beef broth and then I also needed chicken stock So I picked up big boxes of those I was out of my fat free ready whip and you know, this is something that I love So I grabbed another one of these to make my parfaits. I Also picked up another container of sugar-free Italian sweet cream coffee mate This is my favorite of the sugar-free creamers. Well, actually the peppermint mocha is my favorite But they don't have that after Christmas unfortunately So my second favorite is the Italian sweet cream It used to be a blue container and they've just recently changed their packaging I also grabbed some zesty dill pickles. My husband loved the loves these He's a lot of pickles. So we always like to have these on hand The rest is produce. I grabbed some mushrooms. I usually buy sliced, but these were such a good deal I can slice them myself a Red onion three Roma tomatoes Carrots, which is also for the pot roast Zucchinis a pack of organic basil I wanted some salad mix and this organic girl protein greens. This stuff is really really good actually was on sale for a dollar 50 so it's good It has pea leaves in it and it just makes this nice flavor for your salad So I picked that up and I also picked up some halos and lastly I grabbed some Diet Coke and some coke vanilla zero just to have on hand as you know My husband is a Diet Coke addict So picked him up another couple of 12 packs for the week. All right So let's talk about the meal plan for the week. Of course, I will be using my Kerry L meal planner. This is it It is absolutely awesome. So here's what the meal planner looks like I mainly use the yellow tap here that is specifically for your meal plan I love how it has every week a menu that you can list out your menu for the week And then it also has a detachable Grocery list on the menu so you can see that I use my grocery list every single week And then it also has a calendar so you can track day by day on a monthly basis What you are planning to make for dinners and then down here There's a note section as well If maybe you need to note a product that you ran out of that you need to add to your grocery list So it's definitely an all-purpose amazing meal planner So this is the week that we are currently in which is 4 6 through 4 12 my week runs Saturday through Friday So today is Saturday the 6th and we go out to dinner Which we probably won't today, but it is the day that I use my weekly So I don't have any meal planned for Saturdays. We kind of just go with the flow. Whatever sounds good Tomorrow I'm going to be making crescent chicken. So that is what I bought those crescent rolls for Really excited about this recipe and then we'll pair that with either a salad or some vegetables And then on Monday, I'm going to be doing that instant pot sundae pot roast Really excited about this as well. I love instant pot recipes. They're fast. They're quick. They're easy I will be doing an entire instant pot video. So stay tuned for that On Tuesday, I'm going to be making goulash and a veggie Wednesday is my late day at work So we typically have leftovers and usually by midweek we have plenty of food left over to eat So I usually don't cook one to two nights per week Thursday, I'm going to be making italian creamy chicken pasta Again excited about this pair that with a vegetable and then on friday We will most likely have leftovers as well. And then on the back of my weekly menu It is just blank and this is where I plan my meal prep. So for breakfast this week I'm going to be making copycat starbucks starbucks egg bites Yeah, these are going to be amazing. I'm going to pair that with a western bagel and some fruit So of course, you'll be seeing that in my meal prep on monday For lunches this week I'm going to be making a spaghetti and wait until you see how low point I make my spaghetti and I use real noodles Not zoodles. So I'm excited to show you that I'll be making two ingredient dough garlic knots And then I'll be having some sort of vegetable with my lunch as well And then for a dessert this week. I am making a double chocolate chip brownies Really excited to show you guys those as well So that is what I have on the agenda for my meal prep for the week And then of course what I have planned for my menu for the week as well So I do have a discount here for the cariel meal planner It is down in the description box below. It will get you 10 off It is seriously amazing you guys it has everything from planning gatherings All of your meal prep. It has a little pocket back here for some notes Tons of note pages which I love So if you're looking for a really good meal planner, I highly recommend the cariel So thank you for joining me on another W. W. Weekly grocery haul and meal plan I hope that you enjoyed seeing all of the good stuff that I picked up for the week As well as a glimpse into my weekly menu and my amazing cariel meal planner I know a lot of you have bought the meal planner and absolutely love it But if you have not yet, you can go ahead and use my discount below to save that 10 They have the eight and a half by 11 size, which is the one that I showed you And they also have a smaller seven by nine So just depending on what you're looking for as far as a meal planner goes So if you're new to my channel, I'd like to extend a big warm welcome Make sure that you subscribe if you hit the bell It'll notify you each time that I upload a new video I would love it if you would give this one a thumbs up comment below Let me know what's on your meal plan for the week and which of my recipes that I showed you Are you most excited to see and I'll see you guys in the next video. Bye

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Small Daily Activities to Improve Your Life

In this QUAH Sal, Adam, & Justin answer the question “What is one thing that each of you does daily as far as general maintenance for your body? Or something to improve on the daily?” If you would like to get your own question answered, follow us on Instagram where we post QUAH requests weekly. https://www.instagram.com/mindpumpmedia/ Go here to learn more about Online Personal Training with our Maps Fitness Products https://www.mindpumpmedia.com/maps-fitness-products Free resources & guides on building muscle, fat loss, improving mobility, & more: https://www.mindpumpmedia.com/free-resources?__hstc=36882303.f023370a36852b54503cb0395c89f712.1555188899281.1568219719523.1568306153608.24&__hssc=36882303.2.1568306153608&__hsfp=4092504085 Check out the full episode here: Video - https://youtu.be/wKDytG2TraU “Small Daily Activities to Improve Your Life” LIKE this video if you learned something new! COMMENT your thoughts on this topic. SUBSCRIBE for more valuable fitness content! #MindPump CONNECT WITH US: INSTAGRAM: http://bit.ly/mindpumpmedia TWITTER: http://bit.ly/2vN1qpE FACEBOOK: http://bit.ly/2vq95cd SHOP MIND PUMP: http://bit.ly/2uvQY6b PRIVATE FACEBOOK GROUP: http://bit.ly/2vuntia PODCAST: iTUNES - http://apple.co/2vMEPcA STITCHER - http://bit.ly/2hQSIAS

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Next question is from an orthodox fitness me. What is one thing that each of you does on a daily basis as far as general maintenance for your body or something to improve on the daily? I mean, the easy one is exercise and working out. You know, on a very consistent basis, you know, luckily I have a gym in the garage and I go out there and I do something. So I typically will alternate between heavy workouts and then the days in between is when I go out there and I just touch body parts with lighter exercises or I'm working on full range of motion or I'm doing things that work on my mobility. But I would say that's probably the most consistent thing that I do. Now, the other thing I started adding is I'm trying to make it more of an effort to have some kind of a daily spiritual practice. I think the necessity of that is just higher now. I think kind of what everybody's going through, I find way more value in having a daily spiritual practice. So I'll watch preachers or pastors or spiritual leaders talk and, you know, I just, it makes me feel better because a lot of the messages that I'm, that tend to come across and you find this common among all most popular spiritual practices is this message of acceptance. But they present it in different ways and I find that the message of acceptance is helping me the most right now. So as of right now, that's something that I'm making effort. I would say mobility and reading for me. Those, there's a lot of days that go by that I don't get a lift in. Like I'd like to say that every day I'm training and lifting weights but the reality is I'm not. But what I'm really good about is, you know, there's a handful of movements from our Maps Prime Pro that have just been life-changing for me. In fact, I got tagged on a post the other day. Somebody tagged me because Mark Bell was showing that he couldn't get down in a full squat and somebody tagged me and said, you should, you know, talk to Adam. And, you know, his response was he's been friends with Kelly Starrett for, you know, decades and still can't, doesn't believe that he can do it. And I was in the same camp. I thought the same thing about myself. I didn't think that I would ever be able to get down in a, you know, bottom squat and sit there comfortably. It just, the little bit of effort I'd put towards it just never felt like it. I was in pain and didn't feel like it was possible. But, you know, it took a few years of being very, very consistent and I'm very mindful of the work that it took to get to where I'm at now that I appreciate it so much that I make sure to do a few of these mobility drills every single day, just to kind of say it. And I know that even if I just put a few minutes of effort towards them, that I'll keep that range of motion up, which has just been life-changing for me. I mean, I had bursitis in my hips. I had chronic low back pain all the time. Even though I was buff and looked good, I felt kind of miserable and that's been gone for two years now. And so I've made it a daily practice to always, you know, hit my 90-90, hit some combat, hit some thread the needles, like there's a handful of movements that we have in Prime Pro that I made like a ritual to always make sure that I do. And then the other thing would be reading. Whether that be like articles, newsletters or diving into the books that I'm reading or listening to, try and make a practice of that, even if it's for just a short period of time, being consistent with that. That's one of the single most important things that I have found with continued growth for myself. So those two practices I'd say I've been really good about always making sure that's a daily practice and that I'm striving to make sure that I have my workouts, but the reality is those don't always happen, but the reading and the mobility does. Yeah, I've definitely ritualized certain mobility moves on a daily basis, mainly because of recognizing how my habits had changed based off of, you know, what I do for a living now. I'm not up rewracking people's weights. I'm not walking around constantly. And so I'm sitting in the chair or I'm sitting in my truck or, you know, lots of sitting. So like half the day, I'm trying to be very mindful of sitting in a squat. I'm either in SESA or I'm in 90, 90 or I'm, you know, down in pigeon before the boys or the dogs attack me, you know? And I'm basically down there and then just doing my thing whether the TV's on, whether I'm, you know, like at home or I'm here, if there's an opportunity for me to kind of sit in sort of a mobility pose or yoga pose or something I can do to restore my hips and, you know, my shoulders, getting rotation out of my shoulders constantly, because that's something that if I don't do that, I can just feel the stiffness and, you know, the pain as a result of when I go back to lifting weights, all that stuff, you know, you start to feel that to intensify. And so I'm just very mindful of constantly moving my body and trying to keep, you know, that, you know, oil, like a well-oiled machine. And, you know, in terms of that, like I intentionally try to take everyone in the family out on a walk. And this is something that Courtney sort of helped me with every time I'm home is we get out and we go walk and it doesn't matter where we go. We have trails near my house. There's a field that we go a lot of times to take the dogs, but I use that time to roughhouse with the kids, but then also we just connect and we're able to talk, you know, and communicate a lot better when we're active and moving together as opposed to sitting and trying to recap people's days. So that's definitely something I always do.

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Israeli Plugs + 2 Pronged Appliances (Europlugs) - A Safety Warning

Why connecting some types of plug found in Europe (type F, Schuko plugs) into standard three round pin Israeli plug outlets (type H) can pose a safety risk through creating an unearthed power connection to an appliance which is intended to have a connection to earth. == Timestamps == Intro - 00:00 Israeli voltage and socket type - 00:19 Step up and down transformers - 00:35 Type G plugs in UK/Ireland - 00:45 Type F / Schuko plugs - 01:30 Double insulated plugs - 02:00 AC/DC converter parts - 03:00 #appliances #electricity #safety -- By: Daniel Rosehill == Contact Information === For latest contact information: https://www.youtube.com/c/DanielRosehillVideo/about Social media and more: https://www.danielrosehill.com == Licensing / syndication / reproduction == Unless otherwise indicated, all videos I distribute through YouTube are licensed under the following Creative Commons license: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). For the full license, see: https://bit.ly/ncnd4bycc.

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Hi there and welcome back to my YouTube channel where I share practical information about living in Israel. One of the first things that tourists visiting a country need to know is what type of plug and voltage is in use in that country. So let's jump straight to the chase. The vast majority of plug sockets in Israel are type H. As you can see in this diagram that I've borrowed from powerplugsocket.com, type H consists of a socket that accepts three circular pins. The power supply in Israel is 230 volts at 50 hertz. If you have an American device that only operates on 120 volts you're going to need a step-up transformer. If you have a device with a plug that's on the same voltage as Israel but is differently shaped, for example the plug used in the UK and Ireland, which is type G, three square pins, then a simple plastic adapter will get the job done. Something that's far too tempting to do however is to use devices with two round, pronged pins. Europlugs are type C. And I make this video to explain why you should avoid doing this. Because the round pins on type C plugs are at the same distance apart as Israeli plugs they will fit into the socket and because the voltage is the same the device should work perfectly. Problem solved, no? For those who really care about the safety of their devices and homes however this isn't an ideal situation because it results in an unearthed connection. More modern Europlugs like the type F socket have connections to earth in the form of pins on either end of the socket. In fact, most countries have mandated the transition from type C to type F sockets by law. The problem is that Israeli sockets do not have their connections to earth here so even if the plug has those those earthed pins won't actually be making any connection or providing any safety. When you connect a type C plug into a type H socket the bottom pin connection which is where the earth pin is supposed to go remains empty. It's important to note that not all type C plugs need to have a connection to earth in order to be used safely. Some appliances which have type C sockets are double insulated. This means that they don't require a connection to earth in order to be used in a safe manner. And in this case a type C plug can be plugged into an Israeli socket with their risk. However, if the appliance has an earth type F socket also called a Shukotak plug then this is a strong indication that the appliance is intended to be connected to an earthed outlet. In this case although it will fit into an Israeli socket plugging it in is inadvisable. If your device does have a Europlug then the best course of action is to get it rewired so that it does terminate in an Israeli plug. I've had appliances like coffee makers that I purchased in Europe rewired so that they terminate in Israeli plug heads for a pretty reasonable fee. And if you're adept at DIY then you can pretty easily do this rewiring process yourself. For things like laptop chargers you can simply replace the AC side of the charger that's the side that goes into the wall with a component that has an Israeli plug on the AC side of the converter. You can find these pieces for a few shackles in most Israeli stores like KSP and Ivory. And if you're looking for the pretty standard part that has three little heads it's called in Israel a Mickey Mouse connection and I'm not joking. The point of this video isn't to suggest the plugging all two pronged plugs into Israeli sockets is unsafe. However there are times when doing so is indeed risky. This includes most notably when attempting to connect an earthed two pronged plug into an Israeli socket. These will fit and work but the plug type hues suggest that a connection to earth is a required safety feature and it's not one that should be circumvented. I hope this video has been helpful thanks for watching and consider subscribing to get more videos about life in Israel.

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U.S. Virgin Islands Damage Assessment Flight

ST CROIX, U.S. Virgin Islands (Sept. 22, 2017) A flight crew of Sailors from Patrol Squadron (VP) 10 fly over the island of Saint Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. The flight crew gathered data in an effort to assess the damage done by Hurricane Maria on the island. (U.S. Navy video by Mass Communication Specialist 3rd Class Nathan M. Morin/Released) 170922-N-XR097-001

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The damage in Irma was more flooding. We saw houses with water up to the roof tops of the keys. The damage in Maria would be more of a wind, so we saw trees knocked down, roofs blown off. Not a lot of, like, water in the sea flooding as much as it was during Irma. Irma, their boats were in backyards. Houses were flooded out. So, like we did today, we have the ability to take pictures, send them off the aircraft to different people who want to assess the damage. We also had, you know, we fly high. We can have communications with a lot of different people. Talk to ships. Talk to rescue helicopters. And then we're just a big, you know, taxable command center. So we can really help in a variety of ways.

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❌ How to Remove Built-in Windows Apps: Edge, Internet Explorer, Media Player, Xbox, QuickTime

👍 Watch how to remove built-in applications in a Windows operating system. Every build of Windows comes equipped with a list of pre-installed software (Edge and Internet Explorer browsers, universal apps such as Calendar, Mail, News, Maps, Camera and so on). Windows System Files: Where They Are Stored, How to Display or Restore Them: https://hetmanrecovery.com/recovery_news/what-does-windows-system-file-mean.htm You use some of them every day, and there are others which you have never opened in a lifetime. After all, they only take up the precious space of your hard disk. You can remove some of this stuff just as you could do it to any other program, but some apps are so special that they require a different approach. Content: 0:00 - Intro 1:15 - The common approach; 2:02 - Do it with Windows PowerShell; 4:11 - How to remove Internet Explorer; 4:50 - How to restore pre-installed apps; 6:07 - Remove and restore pre-installed apps with third-party software; https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ER-692Vf08w - How to create or delete a restore point, or reset a Windows 10 system CCleaner - https://www.ccleaner.com/ O&O AppBuster - https://www.oo-software.com/en/ooappbuster That’s all for now! I hope you find this video useful. Hit the Like button and subscribe to our channel. Leave comments to ask questions. Thank you for watching. Good luck. Other videos: #WindowsError, #0x80070002, #Windows10. Playlist: Tuning and Adjusting Windows 10: Restore Points, Resetting Passwords, Backup, Defragmentation, Compatibility Mode - https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLWfvrWYvsWiIIvLGyaCgBbwreA08y_ycT Use this method to remove the following apps: Remove 3D Builder Get-AppxPackage *3dbuilder* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Get Office: Get-AppxPackage *officehub* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Windows Alarms & Clock: Get-AppxPackage *WindowsAlarms* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Calculator: Get-AppxPackage *WindowsCalculator* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Camera: Get-AppxPackage *WindowsCamera* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Candy Crush Soda Saga: Get-AppxPackage *CandyCrushSodaSaga* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Facebook: Get-AppxPackage *Facebook* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Feedback Hub: Get-AppxPackage *WindowsFeedbackHub* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Tips: Get-AppxPackage *Getstarted* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Minecraft: Windows 10 Edition: Get-AppxPackage *MinecraftUWP* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Skype: Get-AppxPackage *Microsoft.SkypeApp* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Get Started: Get-AppxPackage *getstarted* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Weather: Get-AppxPackage *bingweather* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Groove Music: Get-AppxPackage *ZuneMusic* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Maps: Get-AppxPackage *WindowsMaps* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Calendar and Mail: Get-AppxPackage *windowscommunicationsapps* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Microsoft Solitaire Collection: Get-AppxPackage *MicrosoftSolitaireCollection* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Money: Get-AppxPackage *bingfinance* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Movies & TV: Get-AppxPackage *ZuneVideo* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove OneNote: Get-AppxPackage *OneNote* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Netflix: Get-AppxPackage *Netflix* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Paint 3D: Get-AppxPackage *MSPaint* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove People: Get-AppxPackage *People* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Mixed Reality Viewer: Get-AppxPackage *Microsoft3DViewer* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Paid Wi-Fi & Cellular: Get-AppxPackage *OneConnect* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Microsoft Phone Companion: Get-AppxPackage *windowsphone* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Photos: Get-AppxPackage *Photos* | Remove-AppxPackage: Remove Sticky Notes: Get-AppxPackage *MicrosoftStickyNotes* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Windows Store (not recommended): Get-AppxPackage *WindowsStore* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Sports: Get-AppxPackage *bingsports* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Voice Recorder: Get-AppxPackage *soundrecorder* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove News: Get-AppxPackage *BingNews* | Remove-AppxPackag Remove Xbox: Get-AppxPackage *XboxApp* | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Microsoft Edge: Get-AppxPackage Microsoft.MicrosoftEdge_20.10240.17317_neutral_8wekyb3d8bbwe | Remove-AppxPackage Remove Internet Explorer: Disable-WindowsOptionalFeature -FeatureName Internet-Explorer-Optional-amd64 –Online

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Hello everybody! In this video, we'll find out how to remove built-in applications in a Windows operating system. If you need to recover deleted data, view or restore removed browser history. Hetman software products will help you. Follow the link in the description, download the necessary program for free, install it and analyze the disk. The utility will show you the data you can recover, so you will be able to view it or get it back. In our channel and blog, you will find solutions to any problem, from installing an operating system or configuring it, to fixing possible bugs and errors or optimizing mobile gadgets. Our specialists will answer any questions you ask in your comments, under the videos or articles. Every builder Windows comes equipped with a list of preinstalled software, Edge and Internet Explorer browsers, universal apps such as calendar, mail, news, maps, camera and so on. You use some of them every day and there are others which you have never opened in a lifetime. After all, they only take up the precious space of your hard disk. You can remove some of this stuff just as you could do it to any other program, but some apps are so special that they require a different approach. Let's have a closer look at how you can remove such applications. Some of them can be uninstalled right from the start menu. Click on the stock button, find the tile of the universal application which you don't need any longer, right-click on it and select Uninstall. Keyword? The application and all of its data have been removed. Also, you can do it by opening the list of all applications. Click Start. Settings? Unfortunately, the first method is only good for a few preinstalled apps. Other elements just don't give you the uninstall option to use. In this case, take several steps in PowerShell or use third-party software to have things your own way and remove 3D builder, camera, group music, photos and other apps from your Windows 10. Open PowerShell with administrator rights. Here is an important piece of advice. Uninstalling built-in Windows programs is a potentially dangerous step. It can affect performance of your operating system, so remember to create a restore point and backup important data before you do it. Right-click on the Start button and select Windows PowerShell Admin. You will see a window with the blinking cursor of the command prompt. To remove universal apps from Windows 10, type in a special command and then press Enter. To uninstall a specific app, you need to know its actual name in the system. To see it, type the following command. As a result, you will see the list of all built-in Windows apps. For example, if you want to uninstall 3D builder, find it on the list and write down the name of the package and then use the following command. To remove camera, use another one. As you can see, the commands are similar and the only difference is the name of the program, with asterisks, before and after the name. If you want to remove Internet Explorer, you will need to use a different command. Otherwise, open the Start menu, Settings, Apps, Apps and Features, and then Programs and Features. In the window that opens, click Turn Windows Features on or off and uncheck the box for Internet Explorer 11. Click Yes to confirm your decision. The system will ask you to restart the computer. And how to restore preinstalled apps? If you removed one of these apps by mistake and would like to recover it, use Windows Store. You can find it in the Start menu. Switch to the tab Apps and use the search field to find what you need. If you notice any issues in the work of your operating system after removing the preinstalled apps, open PowerShell again and type the following command for the current account – this one and this one for all accounts. This command will bring all the built-in apps back to life. Remove and restore preinstalled apps with third party software – this is another option. If you don't really like typing strange commands, there's a lot of specialized software to deal with your problem. Ccleaner – you can remove built-in apps from Windows 10 with the help of Ccleaner. All you have to do is to take a few steps. Start the program. If you don't have it on your computer, download and install it. In the main window, select Tools and then Uninstall. Search the list of all installed programs for the one you need to remove and click Uninstall. Click OK to confirm your choice. The next one on the list is Owindow App Buster. If you fail to remove restore apps in any of the previously mentioned ways, don't give way to despair – here is the tool to help you for sure. This small-sized free app will help you get rid of built-in Windows 10 apps and any other programs by third party manufacturers – all in a few clicks. If necessary, you can use it to reinstall any of the built-in tools that you might have removed by mistake. Just select the utilities and choose Remove or Install, depending on what you need to do. And that is all for now. I hope you find this video useful. Hit the Like button and subscribe to our channel. Leave comments to ask questions. Thank you for watching and good luck.

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Business Law: Module 3A, Part B - Vicarious liability, Remedies, Liability ins. (Acc. Grad. Cert.)

DISCLAIMER: This video is created and made available for educational purposes only. The author does not represent or warrant the accuracy or reliability of the content. Do not rely on any of the content as legal advice. Always consult a legal professional before entering into any transactions or arrangements.

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Hello, it's Waylon Chow and this is Torts Introduction and Intentional Torts Module 3a Part B. In this part, we'll finish our introduction to torts by looking at vicarious liability, remedies, and liability insurance. Who is liable for a tort? The most obvious person is the person who actually committed the tort, or in other words, the tort, the tort-feasor. Another person could be the tort-feasor's employer if the tort was committed in the course of employment. That first type of liability, liability against the person who committed the tort, we call that personal or direct liability. Liability of the employer for a tort committed by an employee is called vicarious liability. The victim of a tort can sue both the employee who committed the tort and the employer of that employee. So again, the employee's being the person who committed the tort would be directly liable, and the employer may be either vicariously liable for the employee's tort committed in the course of employment, and the employer could also be directly liable if it committed its own tort. So for example, if they were careless in training the employee who committed the tort, if they weren't properly trained, and that's why the employee committed the tort and they were careless or caused damage to the customer, then because of that careless training, the employer could be directly, directly liable. So we know that employer can be held vicariously liable for a tort committed by an employee as long as it was committed in the course of employment. So what is actually meant by course of employment? That's what the Supreme Court of Canada looked at in the case of Basley and Curry. So the facts of this case involve an employer called the Children's Foundation, which ran two residential care facilities for the treatment of emotionally troubled children between the ages of 6 and 12. The foundation's employees were authorized to act as parent figures for the children in their care. The employees were to do everything a parent would do from just general supervision to intimate things like bathing and tucking in at bedtime. The foundation hired a specific employee named Mr. Curry who happened to be a pedophile, but the foundation didn't know he was a pedophile. They had checked him out, checked his references, and they were all clear. But the unfortunate thing that happened is that when Mr. Curry was working at the foundation helping to take care of children, one of the children in his care, he sexually abused. When the foundation found out what had happened, they immediately fired Curry and found out that he had actually been convicted of 19 counts of sexual abuse in the past. And the victim, the child who was abused, Basley has sued the foundation for compensation for the injuries that he suffered because of that sexual abuse. The foundation took the position that it had done nothing wrong. It had done its due diligence in hiring Basley. They checked his references and they also supervised him in an inappropriate way. But Basley's position was that it doesn't matter if the foundation did his due diligence or did nothing wrong, the foundation is still nonetheless liable as the employer by way of vicarious liability for the tort committed by its employee, Curry. So the legal issue in this case is whether or not the foundation, the employer, is vicariously liable for its employee's sexual assault of a child in its care. So the court had to determine what is the applicable law for determining vicarious liability. And it said that there are two ways that an employer can be held vicariously liable. The first way is when the employee has done something that is authorized by the employer, which in this case obviously the foundation did not authorize Curry to sexually abuse this child. So that doesn't apply to this case, but that's one way that an employer can be held vicariously liable. The other way, the second way, is where the employee has done something that's unauthorized, that's not allowed by the employer, but what they did that was unauthorized is significantly connected to the employment duties of that employee. So as long as there's that significant connection between what happened, between the bad thing that happened and the employment duties, the job, the authorized duties of that employee, then the employer can be held vicariously liable. So the court looked in detail at the facts of this case, and there's an excerpt here, which I'm showing you, but I won't read through it. But they basically come to the conclusion by looking through these facts that there was a significant connection between the sexual abuse committed by Curry and his employment duties, it was his employment duties that required him to come into intimate contact with the kids at this institution, and that those employment duties gave him the opportunity to sexually abuse the victim here. So to sum up the legal test that comes from Basley and Curry for vicarious liability. So an employer is vicariously liable for tort if either, number one, the employee's wrongful act was actually authorized by the company or the employee's wrongful act was significantly connected to the employee's employment. Please take a moment to read through this quick quiz question by pausing this video at this time. So read through it and choose what you think is the correct answer. The answer to this question is D, any or all of the above. So A, B and C are true statements. A says Brad and Angie personally liable for their negligence. So Brad and Angie are the ones who committed the tort, so they can be held directly or personally liable. B says Goldstar liable for its negligence in hiring incompetent staff. So Goldstar could be held directly liable for that negligence because they're the ones who were negligent in hiring incompetent staff. The third choice is Goldstar vicariously liable for Brad and Angie's negligence. So Brad and Angie chose very bad investments for the clients. Obviously that wasn't authorized by the employer. Goldstar would never, or any investment firm would almost never tell its investment advisors, you are authorized to pick inappropriate or bad investments for your clients. So it wasn't authorized, but even though it wasn't authorized, they were picking those investments as a part of their job with Goldstar. So there was a significant connection with their job. And based on the tests from Basley and Curry, Goldstar would be vicariously liable. So that's why the answer is D, any or all of the above. Let's not talk about remedies. If you sue in tort and win, a court may give you one or four different remedies, compensatory damages, punitive damages, nominal damages, and injunction. The first type of remedy is compensatory damages. This is where the court orders the defendant to pay money to the plaintiff for the purpose of compensating for the losses or injuries that the plaintiff has suffered from the tort. There are three legal tests that need to be applied to determine compensatory damages. The first is that the amount of damages should be the amount that puts the plaintiff back in the same financial position as if the tort had not occurred. The second, the second test that we apply is called the doctrine of remoteness. So this limits the ability to claim losses to only those losses that can be reasonably foreseen as a consequence of the tort. So if a loss is not a reasonably foreseeable consequence of the tort, then that loss is not allowed. This limitation, this doctrine of remoteness, however, does not apply to intentional torts. It does apply to negligence torts. The third test that we apply is the doctrine of mitigation. Doctrine of mitigation says that the plaintiff, the person who has suffered a loss, has a duty to take reasonable steps to minimize the losses arising from the tort. And if the plaintiff does not take those reasonable steps to minimize, then the damages that they're entitled to are reduced. The second type of damages is punitive damages. We've heard about punitive damages before back in Module 3C when we talked about remedies arising from a breach of contract. This is the exact same concept here except in the context of damages arising from a tort. So the rules are the same. The purpose of punitive damages is to punish the defendant for harsh, vindictive, reprehensible, or malicious behavior. So this is really extra bad behavior, which is much worse than just meeting the minimal requirements of the tort that was committed. So punitive damages are not awarded that often in Canadian courts. It's much more common in U.S. courts. The leading case on punitive damages, which we discussed in detail in Module 3C is the Supreme Court decision in Witten and Pilot Insurance. So you should go back and have a look at Module 3C to refresh in your memory on what that case is about and what the legal principles are regarding punitive damages. The third type of remedy is nominal damages. So this is where you sue because someone has committed a tort against you, and let's say you win. But the court says, well, you win, you won because you've proven that the other person committed the tort. But you didn't really suffer any damages. You didn't really suffer any loss because of the tort. So you win, but you get no damages. You don't get anything out of the lawsuit, in other words. So you have that feeling of victory for maybe a few seconds, at least until you get your legal bill in the mail, and then that feeling of victory disappears really quickly. The fourth type of remedy is an injunction, which we had also talked about in Module 3D for breaches of contract. So this is where a court orders a defendant to either do something or refrain from doing something. One example is the story of the Sriracha hot sauce factory in California. Some of the people who lived around that factory were complaining about various odors coming out of that factory, these spicy smells that irritated them. So the town actually took the factory owner to court and had the court order the factory to be at least partially shut down. So that was an injunction, the court ordering the factory to partially shut down. Most businesses operate under the risk of being sued and tort. To manage and to minimize that risk, many businesses will purchase liability insurance. Liability insurance or an insurance policy is a contract between an insurance company, which we will call the insurer, and a person or business, which we will call the insured. Under that contract or policy, the insured agrees to pay premiums. So this is the cost of purchasing the insurance. The insurer, in exchange, agrees to provide coverage under which the insurer will, number one, pay damages for tort liability on behalf of the insured. So if there is a successful lawsuit imposing tort liability on the insured person, the insurance company will pay for those damages. But the amount they'll pay will be less an amount that we call a deductible. So the deductible is relatively a smaller amount compared to the tort liability, but that deductible amount is paid by the insured. The other thing that the insurer agrees or is obligated to do is to defend lawsuits against the insured. So if you are, let's say, an accountant who's being sued by a client for negligence, the insurance company has an obligation to arrange for your legal defense in that lawsuit. They will hire a lawyer and pay for that lawyer as well. Now most professionals, such as CPAs, lawyers, engineers, they are required by their governing body to have liability insurance. So CPAs get their liability insurance from a program called the Charred Professional Accountants Professional Liability Insurance Program.

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Liver Cancer, Liver Disorder: Facts & Myths | Best Liver Hospital in India | Manipal Hospial

When it comes to liver cancer, myths are rampant. These misconceptions are typically fueled by bad information, which only raises anxiety and fear. Manipal Hospitals is the Best Liver Hospital in India dedicated to providing comprehensive round the clock treatment to all of its patients. The equipment and staffing ratios at the ICU & critical care department are a reflection of this commitment to quality healthcare. Contact us to know more about our intensive care units and book an appointment with one of our medical specialists today! The team of experts at Manipal Hospitals' department of Hepatobiliary surgery are highly skilled surgeons that specialize in the surgical treatment of the liver, pancreas, gallbladder and bile ducts. The team specializes in resectioning tumours and eliminating diseases that affect the Hepatobiliary system of the body, using state of the art diagnostic and surgical equipment. Know More Visit Our Hospital Website: https://www.manipalhospitals.com/ Visit Our Hepatobiliary Surgery Doctors: https://www.manipalhospitals.com/doctors-list/hepatobiliary-surgery/ Visit Our Hepatobiliary Department: https://www.manipalhospitals.com/specialities/hepatobiliary-surgery/ Contact us @ https://www.manipalhospitals.com/contact-us/ Manipal Covid Package: https://www.manipalhospitals.com/covid-care-packages/ Contact Us: 18001023222 Get Connected Here: ================== Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ManipalHospitalsIndia Google+: https://plus.google.com/111550660990613118698 Twitter: https://twitter.com/ManipalHealth Pinterest: https://in.pinterest.com/manipalhospital Linkedin: https://www.linkedin.com/company/manipal-hospital Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/manipalhospitals/ Foursquare: https://foursquare.com/manipalhealth Alexa: http://www.alexa.com/siteinfo/manipalhospitals.com Blog: https://www.manipalhospitals.com/blog/

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Hi, I'm Dr. Magnus Jaraj Mansard, Consultant Liver Transplant Surgeon for the Manipal Group of Hospitals. We should understand that cancer in the liver is of two types. There can be a cancer which has come from some other part to the liver, which is called secondary liver cancer. And that is the most common, but now here we are talking about primary liver cancer. That is a cancer which occurs primarily in the liver and the most common myth for liver cancer is like patients are symptomatic. When patients with liver cancer develop symptoms, it is quite a late stage. Usually patients are well and fine and most commonly treatable cancer is detected by surveillance by the doctors who keep the patient monitoring.

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How to Carve a Pumpkin Like a Marine

Learn how Marines carve a pumpkin in this quick, informative video, and remember to have a safe and happy Halloween!

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Record! Record! Record!

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28c3: The Science of Insecurity

Download high quality version: http://bit.ly/uSJPUL Description: http://events.ccc.de/congress/2011/Fahrplan/events/4763.en.html Meredith L. Patterson, Sergey: The Science of Insecurity Why is the overwhelming majority of common networked software still not secure, despite all effort to the contrary? Why is it almost certain to get exploited so long as attackers can craft its inputs? Why is it the case that no amount of effort seems to be enough to fix software that must speak certain protocols? The answer to these questions is that for many protocols and services currently in use on the Internet, the problem of recognizing and validating their "good", expected inputs from bad ones is either not well-posed or is undecidable (i. e., no algorithm can exist to solve it in the general case), which means that their implementations cannot even be comprehensively tested, let alone automatically checked for weaknesses or correctness. The designers' desire for more functionality has made these protocols effectively unsecurable. In this talk we'll draw a direct connection between this ubiquitous insecurity and basic computer science concepts of Turing completeness and theory of languages. We will show how well-meant protocol designs are doomed to their implementations becoming clusters of 0-days, and will show where to look for these 0-days. We will also discuss simple principles of how to avoid designing such protocols.

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Okay, it is time, so I am very, very proud to introduce two very, very good friends of mine, Sergei and Meredith. Guys, give them a huge round of applause. Thank you so much. So this talk is about the science of insecurity, by which I mean the entire spectrum of exploits and vulnerabilities considered as a systematic, repeatable, and most importantly predictive mathematical model. We're going to examine from first principles what it is about exploits that makes them exploits in the first place, and how we can use this systematic understanding to design and implement software in which, to borrow a turn of phrase from Dan Kaminski, entire classes of bugs simply don't exist. But before I get going, I want to remark on the other talk this Congress that focuses on Turing machines. Corey Doctorow's talk yesterday on the coming war on general computation. You're going to hear a lot in the next hour about certain hazards of Turing complete protocols, and I need to make clear that what you're conveying against is Turing machine computational power in very specific places, namely the communication boundaries between Turing complete systems. Your CPU needs to be able to perform arbitrary computation. ICMP Echo does not. So that's an important distinction, and please keep it in mind. But more important than that are Corey's spot on observations about how the sausage gets made, how lawmakers and vendors conspire to herd users into walled gardens where, oh, by the way, the folks doing the herding can lock out competitors and bleed those users to their heart's content. It's the oldest game in the book, and it's already underway in the United States. Right now there's an initiative under development called NISTIC, the National Strategy for Trusted Identities in Cyberspace, which is really just the old carrot and stick game aimed at conning citizens into voluntarily giving up any possibility of anonymity online, which is really the same as free speech online when you get right down to it by holding out the carrot of, quote, unquote, safe walled gardens like the iOS app store and social networks like Google+, where the price of admission is your offline identity, backed up with a stick made from the specter of spam and malware and evil cyber criminals on the filthy, nasty internet. And no matter how rotten the carrot really is, the thing about human psychology is once someone has bought into lofty wireless promises about matters such as security, it becomes really hard to convince them that the carrot cake is a lie. So our other option is to break the stick, and that's what we're going to talk about today. Now, I actually owe this observation to my husband, Len Sassiman, who passed away back in July. Len started out in this world as an anonymity and privacy researcher. He was working on that at Kailoven under Bart Pranell. But in 2009 he shifted focus to the language theoretic security work that I had started back in 2005, because he became convinced that the future of an open internet is completely dependent on us smoothing out the attack surface and taking away the ability of repressive governments to hold this thread over our heads. All right, so if all you take away from this talk is this, I'm going to be really, really happy. First of all, the vast majority of vulnerabilities come from protocol and message format designs that require you to solve problems that are really not solvable if you want to process them securely. You know, putting yourself into a catch-22 that you cannot escape from. When you try to set yourself up against the laws of physics, you fail. End of story. But the good news is that from a design perspective, we can route around this. We just have to think about how we design inputs and outputs in terms of formal languages and conduct our implementation accordingly. So we have been living on borrowed time. When the NSA tells you that there's no such thing as secure anymore, they're probably not kidding. About this time last year, Brian Snow was saying there's a security meltdown coming, and I think the last year pretty well bears out what he had to say. And this is not for lack of trying. I mean, there have been trustworthy computing initiatives dating back decades. If you go to any bookstore, you're going to see scads of secure coding books on the shelves. There are dozens of conferences dedicated to secure software engineering and theoretical security. So much ink has been spilled on this, so many bits have been spilled on this, and software still sucks ass. And don't even get me started on hardware. We have the internet we have, and how did we get here? Is everyone really just that incompetent and has no idea what they're doing, or is something else at work? Well, it's a little column A, a little column B. So what is it that we're doing wrong? Okay, I mentioned the laws of physics earlier, but really our physicists are people like Bertrand Russell, Kurt Girdle, Alan Turing, the guys who tried to universalize mathematics from axioms. Now the problem that we as security researchers want to solve is more focused than the general problem that they wanted to solve, but we start in the same way, which is by formalizing the question, what is insecurity? Is it holes for sneaking in executable code? I mean, that tends to be how people look at it, but that's looking at everything in isolation. Furthermore, you don't necessarily have to have an obvious hole in order to execute, say, a return-oriented programming attack. Memory corruption, buffer overflows, in-band signaling, like Travis Goodspeed's packet-in-packet stuff, capabilities issues, access control issues, all of the above. None of that is really sufficiently general and also sufficiently descriptive. I come from linguistics as a background, and we have this concept in linguistics of elegance, where an elegant description of a language is one that generates exactly strings that belong in the language, sentences that belong in the language, and none of the ones that don't. Now, if you think about those possible causes of insecurity that we just looked at, Wikipedia is not much better. This laundry list here is just all over the map. And if the classification looks arbitrary, what this is really telling us, this is a lesson from the natural philosophers here, if the classification looks arbitrary, this means that we really don't understand the structure and the common origin of the phenomena that we're seeing. So Jorge Luis Borges has this great description of the classification of animals, those that are belonging to the emperor, those that are embalmed, tamed, suckling pigs, sirens, fabulous ones, stray dogs, those that are included in the present classification and bonus points for anybody who gets what paradox that is. You know, again, there's no system to this, there's no rhyme, there's no reason to it. What we need is a way to go from the arbitrary Lamarckian classification where whales and hoofed mammals are sitting there in the same clade under reptiles of all damn things and move to an understanding like Watson and Crick's understanding of DNA that has led us to the science of cladistics where we treat where we treat species as classes based on common descent. It's true that we can and we should classify exploits by similarity but if we only look at the surface similarity and not the underlying structural similarity, we're setting ourselves up for failure. All right, so what does trustworthiness actually mean in a computing system? Well, Tony Hoare, the guy that came up with a little algorithm called Quicksort a while back, remarked in a paper in the 1960s that a program is correct if and only if it handles exactly the inputs it's supposed to handle and produces exactly the outputs it's supposed to produce and nothing else. We're not that good at this. We're not that good at deciding whether an input is valid or malicious and rejecting the malicious ones. We don't have a good idea of how to trust software not to do certain things because how do you predict the unpredictable? Exploitation is simply unexpected computation caused by crafted inputs. So when you're asking the question is it a good input or is it a bad input, well, I mean, this is not a theoretical problem. We've been talking about this in computability theory for, you know, 50-odd years now. We have this concept of undecidable problems, problems that you cannot solve regardless of how much computational power you have and some undecidable problems have to do with recognition of inputs. No general algorithm for solving these problems exists. So the networked world that we live in is a composed world. You have individual components that accept inputs, must accept or reject those inputs and then generate some outputs and these components communicate and it's necessary for these messages to be interpreted identically by the end points that send and receive them because, you know, if Alice thinks she's telling Bob, you need to go to the store and Bob hears you need to go to the bus station, Alice isn't getting whatever Bob asked her to get or, yeah, Alice isn't going to get whatever she asked Bob to get her. So we're going to talk today about, you know, how the halting problem arises in both the single component case and in the distributed case. All right, so how does undecidability apply here? Well, in the single component case, some protocol formats are sufficiently complex that simply being able to discern a good input from a bad input is undecidable and furthermore, some protocols are so complex that determining whether implementation A and implementation B handle them in the same way is also undecidable. All right, so we talk about recognizers as algorithms that examine an input string and determine whether that input string belongs in the language or not. For subturing classes of languages and we'll get into what those are in just a minute, the answer is either yes or no for turing complete languages, the halting problem says the answer is yes, no, or maybe. And if the answer is maybe, you're never going to know because the algorithm's never going to stop executing. So when input recognition fails, the code on the inside of your protocol, the state machine of your protocol, is going to receive something that wasn't expecting. Any primitives that it exposes can be programmed essentially with input from an attacker to trigger memory corruption or implicit data flows, and a weird machine emerges. Talver Flake coined that term to describe a more powerful execution environment than is intended, which, oh, by the way, you can program. So where do they show up? Well, the vast majority of programs that handle inputs scatter their validation checks throughout the entire program. The one exception to this tends to be compilers. And when your checks are scattered throughout the program, it's literally just like you took your 12 gauge and you fired a load of double-ot at your code and wherever the pellets landed, that's where your phones are. This is a horrible design pattern. Vaguely understood input languages are the mother of O-Day. And a weird machine is born. An adorable little root shell just pops right out. So as Talver said, exploitation is setting up, instantiating, and programming a weird machine. One of those holes that the programmer inserted when he aimed his shotgun gets blitzed by some crafted input, and the state that the internals of the code enter into were not intended by the programmer, but you know what, they're there anyway. So if we're going to understand this systematically, we have to look at this from the basics of computation as described originally by Alan Turing and Alonzo Church, but we have to think about it with regard to the lessons that we've learned from exploit programming. People like me study models of computation. People like Halvar and FX and all of our brilliant exploit guys study actual computational limits of real systems, and the great part is we meet in the middle. So the Turing machine was the mathematical model that Alan Turing came up with to study the limits of what it is possible for a computation engine to perform. And he was able to formalize a class of problems for which no Turing machine can solve them. The initial example problem that he described is known as the halting problem, because it turns on the question of whether a given Turing machine will halt, which is to say return yes or no, or end up in that infinite loop maybe state where you never get an answer back. Because even if the answer is yes or no, you have no idea how long you're going to have to wait. And if the answer is maybe, that answer is forever, but you're not going to know. So if you say, I can take a universal Turing machine and I can execute another Turing machine on it, and that universal Turing machine is going to decide if the input will ever terminate, fail, does not happen. If someone tries to convince you that they can do that, they are either stupid or malicious. Unfortunately, some designs, fortunately more of them in the composed distributed system model, where you've got two different implementations, end up reducing to an undecidable problem, which means that there really is no way to fix that problem as it exists. We can avoid it, but fixing it requires a redesign. But there is no 80-20 engineering solution for the halting problem. If somebody is trying to sell this to you, then run away. If someone bothered on your behalf, fire them because you don't want to be around when it breaks. And this is counterintuitive. We're used to seeing more effort improve the results, but at the end of the day, you don't want to be the person who ends up slaving away for the rest of their life, trying to just pour more and more and more and more effort down a bottomless hole. Okay, so a little bit more about the history of halting, just to sort of give you an idea where we're coming from. So back in the 17th century, a guy named Leibniz, you might know him as one of the inventors of calculus, asked the question, is it possible for a machine to determine whether an arbitrary mathematical statement is true? And he kind of worked on that in isolation during his life. People thought he was a bit of a nut. And then Hilbert poses this again in 1928 in a list of problems that he believed if we could answer all of these problems, then we would have a complete understanding of mathematics, and we could call mathematics done and we could move on. So church and turing work on this independently for a while, and both of them come up with the answer. Nope, sorry, it doesn't work. Now what's interesting about... Another interesting thing that falls out of this is a thing called the Curry-Howard correspondence, but I'll talk about that in just a second. Conceptually, it's easier, actually, to think about the halting problem in terms of a thing called Russell's Paradox. So back on November 2nd, there was a general strike in Oakland and elsewhere. And Quinn Norton, who's embedded with... She's embedded with Occupy right now, writing for Wired says, huh, well, you know, I want to go to the general strike, but if I go, I'm going to be working. Oops. This is Russell's Paradox in a nutshell. You know, normally the normal way this is phrased is also called the Barber Paradox, where you've got a village where the barber shaves every man who doesn't shave himself. So who shaves the barber? As a funny side note, by the way, the smart-ass answer to this one is, well, let the barber be a woman. And that's actually not such a wise-ass answer after all. That's actually pretty clever, because it means you're introducing types, and that actually renders it decidable. If you're into that kind of type theory, come talk to me afterwards, because I want to meet you. All right. So I mentioned the Curry Howard correspondents earlier. Programs are proofs, and vice versa. This means that an exploit is also a proof, and it's the best kind of proof, because it's a proof by construction, and those are really fucking easy to understand. We're working on establishing a formal duality of this so that we can, like, convince the academics of it, but, you know, part of why I love proofs by construction is that you can basically just look at them and go, oh, that's obvious. That's easy to show people how that works. All right. So as we said earlier, inputs are a language. Some languages are harder to recognize than others, and for some of them, recognition is undecidable. So what kinds of languages do we even have? Well, there's a hierarchy. Noam Chomsky came up with it. So the simplest class of languages are the regular languages. You might also know them as regular expressions or finite state automata. Then there's the context-free languages, the context-sensitive languages, and the recursively innumerable languages, which are, and the recursively innumerable languages are the ones that are equivalent to Turing machines. These categories are hierarchical, and different categories have different properties that we can use to our benefit. So finite state machines just have very simple nesting. They can use delimiters. They can have repetition. So if you look at that graph up there, you start at the start state, and as you accept characters from an input string, you move from one state to another. And if once you've finished all those transitions and consumed all your input, if you're in state seven, then you're good. You've matched the input to your language. If not, then it rejects. Trying to match recursively nested structures with regular expressions fails, which is why when you try to use regular expressions to parse HTML, Zalgo comes out of the walls and eats your soul. If you want to match recursively nested structures, you can do this with what's called a push-down automata, which you obtain by taking a finite state machine and adding a stack to it. And then you can balance parentheses to arbitrary depth and everything's golden. But there are other properties that we see in protocols that don't fall into this category. If you have a protocol with a length field in it, like, oh, I don't know, HTTP, TCP, pretty much every protocol out on the Internet just about. With the exception of ATM, that one's regular, which is kind of awesome, but anyway. Those require a context-sensitive grammar. You know, if there is some metadata that is necessary in order to interpret the rest of the data, then that's when your context-sensitive. And finally, your turn complete if you are saying, is this input some program that produces some given result? That's undecidable. A guy named Rice formulated this in the term in what's called Rice's theorem, which reduces to the halting problem. All right, so our language hierarchy again. What this tells us is we need to stop weird machines. And we can do this by constraining input language strength to context-free or regular. Is this all about parser bugs? Well, no, but that is an awful lot of it. If you are a component of a program and you receive an input from something, you have a recognizer whether it was formally written as a recognizer or not. It could be a shotgun parser, and in that case, it sucks to be you, because if the recognizer doesn't actually match the language, then it's broken. And if the language itself is not well-defined or understood or if it's under-specified, then one, the program is broken. All right, and when I say languages, I mean quite literally every formal system that we use in software. I'm talking about network stacks, because the format of a packet is a language. I'm talking about web servers, SQL servers, et cetera, because there are requests for my language, but it gets better than that, because even just on a single system, your memory manager, the heap that assigns memory, that's a language. The call graph is a language, and that one likes to be context-sensitive, it really does. And most of these language recognizers are hand-rolled, and that's bad. Implicit recognizers, bad recognizers, because you cannot efficiently and effectively test or debug. When you're intermingling your recognition and your processing, like if you just recognize a part of it, and then if you just recognize a part of an input string and do something based on that, and then recognize another part of it and do something else based on that, you're gonna end up with data flows and transitions that give you a weird machine. It's running on state that it borrowed from the rest of the program. So, if you haven't recognized it, don't goddamn process it. If you have not confirmed that an input string is actually a member of the input language you want to process and you try to process it as one anyway, you open yourself up to letting an attacker program the weird machine that's lurking inside your implementation. So you need to know and be strict about what your input language is. And this should be easier than people seem to think it is, because, you know, we have our FCs. They have convenient grammars in nice shiny BNF notation in the appendix. We can and should generate these automatically rather than hand coding them, because really, who's got the time for all of that? We're programmers. We're hackers. It's our job to be creatively lazy. So it's important to know how much computational power you need to recognize a given language so that you don't do dumb shit like trying to parse a nested structure with a regex. But once you've done that, you can generate it and then hand the resulting parse tree off to the internals of your code and let the rest of you and let your code operate over that parse tree. But please, no more Turing complete input languages. Don't let the Turing beast devour her safe computing future. So as I've said before, the regular languages are a safe place to be. Regex syntax is terrible, but people understand it for the most part. It could stand to be better, but people understand it better than they understand everything else. You know, part of the problem there is that we just don't have really good tools yet for handling higher classes of languages. People are still kind of starting to wrap their heads around parser combinators and really nobody likes Bison. But the tools are out there and we're working on making better ones. But where this matters really is in design. We must reduce computing power greed and keep the Turing beast from eating our investments. So most of what I was talking about there previously had to do with the single system case. Now let's talk about systems that are communicating between each other. Is what you're seeing the same as what they're seeing? The story doesn't end if there's no shellcode chestburster. So across interfaces is where we need to minimize the complexity of parsers and recognizers. So like I said in the beginning, it's the communication boundaries that we really care about. It is necessary for parsers that are involved in a multi-system exchange to parse those messages in exactly the same way because if you don't, then it becomes really easy for an attacker to generate something that one system regards in one light and another system regards in another light. Now you might be saying, oh, but this all sounds so theoretical. Nope, sorry. So two years ago, Len and Dan Kaminski and I beat the hell out of X509 in pretty much exactly this way. And we came up with about 20 different ways that you could generate a CSR, send it off to a CA that's running some particular version of X509, get back a certificate, show that to a browser that is using a different X509 implementation. And that browser believes that the certificate you got signed is a valid certificate for a domain you don't own. You can take a look at our talk from Black Hat. I think it was 2010. Yeah, exploiting the forest with trees for more details on this one because it's full of lulls. But really, this is the halting problem again just in a different form. I mentioned that Rice's theorem reduces to the halting problem. They are functionally equivalent. There is another problem that reduces to halting called the context-free equivalence problem. So the context-free languages fall into sort of two subclasses. You have the unambiguous context-free grammars, also known as the deterministic push-down automata, and the ambiguous context-free grammars, which correspond to the non-deterministic push-down automata. So if your language is regular or deterministic push-down, then determining whether two implementations are actually doing the exact same thing, that's decidable and that's fine, and you can actually automate that. But if your ambiguous context-free or stronger, this problem is undecidable. And we run into this in IDSes, too, which is kind of wacky. You know, if your problem is that you have a shotgun parser in your code, and you say, well, fine, we'll just throw a less vulnerable component in front of it, then all you've done is move the problem to another layer because instead of your target code and a possible attacker speaking different dialects of the same protocol, as it were, now it's just your IDS talking to it. So you haven't really helped any. All you've done is just moved it around. And this is research that people have been doing for a while. You know, Potato Chick and Nusham in 1998, Vern Paxton in 1999, they've all observed this. They just weren't thinking about it in terms of the broader computability picture. But that's okay. That's what academics are here for. So once you've created a computational automaton of a particular strength, the genie is out of the bottle and there is no going back from that, the dark energy will resurface elsewhere in your code. You haven't solved the halting problem. You've just moved it into a different instance of the halting problem. So when you are designing protocols, it is vital to choose the simplest possible input language, preferably regular, but certainly no stronger than deterministic context-free. And this sounds kind of intimidating, right? But Meredith, you said that length fields make a protocol context-sensitive and doing that comparison is undecidable. How can we survive without length fields? And my answer to that is we have these nice things called S-expressions. If you can bound a message with delimiters, that's still deterministic context-free. You can get away with this. It requires different approaches than the ones that we have gotten used to in the last 30 years of internet protocol design. But this is okay, because the other tools that I'm talking about have also been around for even longer. But at the end of the day, the crucial thing is we must have computational equivalence at all protocol endpoints. So, looking back at the very, very, very early days of the IETF, there's a thing called Postel's Principle, which simply stated is be conservative in what you send, be liberally in what you accept. Now, I don't mean to bust on John Postel unnecessarily. I mean, Postel's Principle was absolutely necessary at the beginning, during the early days of the internet, because we were figuring all this shit out as we were going along. And we needed the flexibility that Postel's Principle afforded us. But the problem is that people kind of misread be liberal in what you accept as either be lazy in what you accept or don't worry so much about being kind of a dick and changing the protocol and sending other stuff, because other people have to be liberal about what they're accepting, and so they'll just accept our crap anyway, Microsoft. So, we're proposing that Postel's Principle needs a patch and it looks a little something like this. Instead of be liberal about what you accept, we say be definite about what you accept. Treat inputs as a language, accept them with a matching computational automaton, generate the recognizer from the grammar of the language, treat input handling computational power as privilege and reduce that privilege wherever it is possible to do so. All right. So, the takeaway for today. Do not let your protocols grow up to be turn complete. People will try. People will tell you, oh, well, we need these special cases. We need to handle this weird corner case. We need to keep bolting on other stuff to make other things possible. No, disbelieve the illusion that down that way lies madness because if your application relies on a turn complete protocol, it is going to take infinite time to secure it. Don't mistake complexity for functionality. It's an easy mistake to make, but don't let somebody sell you on it. If somebody's trying to sell you on saving money on future upgrades thanks to extensibility, take a second look at that and make sure that you're not going to lose money on security and mediation and remediation because the Turing beast has come and bit you in the ass. If somebody tells you that, oh, well, you know, this system is like totally extensible and updatable because it embeds a scripting language and data, run, run, run, run, run, in band signaling, bad, very bad. And the practical value here is that you're saving money and you're saving effort. And you can also expose vendors who are claiming that they have what amounts to a solution to the perpetual motion problem. This helps you choose the right components in order to have security that you can manage. It also helps you avoid system aggregation and integration nightmare scenarios because if you know that all of your systems have speak composable protocols and all of the systems that you're going to be composing them with have composable protocols. It all fits together like Legos. So our approach helps people to save misinvestment of money and effort, expose vendors that claim security based on solving perpetual motion. You stuck this slide in there twice, Sergey. Sorry about that. All right, I'm going to skip this one. Wow, you put it in there three times. That was kind of great. All right, so again, stop weird machines, no more Turing complete input languages, reduce computing power greed, ambiguity is insecurity, full recognition before processing, computational equivalents for all protocol endpoints, and context for your regular bitches. There are your slogans. Have fun with them. Thank you. Okay, thank you. We have now comfortably time for large Q&A sessions. So if you have questions, please line up at the two microphones in the alleys. And I think we can start maybe here on the left side. Hi, do you have any examples of languages that do this already? Sorry, not languages, but implementations that do this already that use something regular to transfer between two components? Well, okay, like I mentioned earlier, there are not a hell of a lot of existing protocols that are only regular, which is a thing that needs to change. I did mention earlier that ATM happens to be a regular message format because all packets are of a fixed length, which is a handy thing. If all of your strings are exactly 53 bytes and only that, then you can actually specify that with a finite state machine. That said, I don't know of any implementations that use a regular expression to parse ATM, which is sad. Okay, now a question from the mighty Internet. Yeah, Krokodilirian from Urk asks, if there are any tools that generate parsers in different languages than BNF? Right, so the question was, are there any tools that generate parsers in different languages than BNF? And the answer is yes. So I mentioned parser combinators earlier. So these are, well, they're both a mathematical abstraction and a practical library in a butt-ton of different languages that can actually parse some of the context-sensitive languages, which is really neat. So you know how when you're building a regular expression, you're essentially just banging smaller regular expressions together? That's essentially how parser combinators work, but they also admit recursion. So, yeah, so Don Lyon invented... I totally botched that pronunciation, I'm sorry. But yeah, he invented them back in... It was only a couple of years ago, actually. And so they initially showed up in Haskell, but since then they've crept into Scala, I think also Clojure, Python, JavaScript. So the tools are starting to creep into more and more... into more and more commonly used languages. If you're interested in learning about parser combinators, I really recommend checking out the parser combinator standard library in Scala, because it looks a lot like Java, and there's a lot of really good material out there on using Scala to write embedded DSLs using parser combinators, and the tutorials out there are way better than anything I could give you in five minutes here. Over there? Hi. So you talk about the halting problem and chewing complete input languages. Yes. But I think pretty often we don't care about is it going to take finite time to handle this input, but we care is it going to take a reasonable time? And even with regular expressions, there are certainly plenty of regular expressions there, and a regular expression library implementations have cases where they will take exponential time. Sure. Yeah, classical cases, yeah. So... Well, so my bigger concern... How do you avoid that sort of problem? My bigger concern, yeah, tractability obviously a huge problem, but really my bigger concern about Turing complete input languages is the programming the weird machine problem. So there was this hilarious result on GitHub a couple of months ago where somebody proved that HTML5 and CSS together... HTML5 and CSS3 together but without JavaScript is Turing complete. He did it by implementing rule 110 for cellular automata using only HTML5 and CSS. It is brilliant and demented. And the fucked up thing about it is that you could use that construction to do arbitrary computation in what is supposed to be only a markup language and its associated display components. I mean, how fucked up is that? Hi. I was wondering if you could give an example around these length fields because I think that's not that easy if you're trying to build something that can transport arbitrary user strings. I've run into some interesting CSV files lately. CSV is probably... can probably be implemented with a regular context-sensitive grammar, but you run into interesting things when you have arbitrary input strings in your CSV that can contain, for example, a line break or it can contain commas or whatever. Right, right. And you've really just hit on it right there because a CSV message is comma-separated values. And if those values are also allowed to contain commas, then you've got an in-band signaling problem where how is the interpreter supposed to determine whether that comma is part of a value or whether it's a delimiter between values. And, of course, the off-the-cuff answer to that one is well-escaping, but, yeah, I'll just refer you to the last 20 years of SQL injection with regard to that one. No, so I mentioned desk expressions earlier. Yeah, those come from Lisp. Land of parentheses. And so the idea there is that you just have some set of delimiters that are not part of the sub-language that describes values. Because, like, you know, what... So when I think of a length field, I think of a value that tells me how many bytes to expect. It doesn't really hurt you to say, okay, well, rather than saying, all right, expect 42 bytes and then count the next 42 bytes, if you instead have opening delimiter, consume, consume, consume, consume, consume, until you see closing delimiter and you're done. You know, as long as those opening and closing delimiters are not part of the sub-language that describes what appears between them, you know, you can get away with this. Does that answer your questions? I'm not sure if it does. Because I think that's just my point. It's easier, in some cases, to just have a length delimited field instead of building this parser with all the escaping just to be able to handle arbitrary user input. Simply because I've run across, shall we say, broken and badly defined CSVs in the past. Sure, sure, absolutely. And again, you know, badly defined things. Looks like Surya actually has some input. Come on up here. So, you see, you're right. It's counter-intuitive. Why would I bring a parser if I can skip over so many bytes, right? Why should I implement the proper escaping discipline and the proper scanning and parsing if I can just skip some bytes? But all bytes are really created equal. And when you're seeing these bytes, when you're seeing these bytes, you don't know which ones are data, which ones are metadata. Packet-in-packet is based on that. Packet-in-packet is based essentially on the really simple machine within the digital radio chip. It's kind of sort of giving you so many bytes for your frame. It turns out that despite the simplicity, it doesn't work so well because you mistake your data bytes for your metadata bytes and the whole scheme, the whole encapsulation, goes out of the window, right? So this is basically the science part of it. There is a thing that seems simple but is actually fraught with danger. And you need to do a more complex thing, but that's actually principled and can be proven to be principled, can be proven to require less computational power in the end. Think of parsing an IP packet. Or worse, think of parsing an IPv6 packet. Right? Imagine your pointer pointing into that packet. Do you know what you're looking at? When you're writing the internal code, do you know which properties about the packet have been validated already? And whether your assumptions, when you're operating off of that pointer and happily casting into your structs and doing something with the values, do you know which assumptions are actually truly trustworthy given the previous sanity checking or not? You don't. You start in this land of mixed data and metadata and you get the mess that we're dealing with basically every day. The reason for this is protocols that use the simpler thing, such as quote-unquote simpler thing, such as length fields. You are starved for context when you're in your internal code, when you're supposed to have checked all the sanity, all the various assumptions about whether this is good data that needs to be trusted and not checked at every turn. Because you can't really check data at every turn. Where do you stop? Right? Also just one quick addition to that. The exception to the context-free equivalence problem for, say, context-sensitive languages with length fields in them is as long as you're generating your implementation from the exact same grammar, if two implementations generate their input handling routines from the same grammar, then those are guaranteed to be the same. Modulo, the compiler fucking you. Sorry. Yeah, remind me later. All right. How much time do we have left? We have another 10 minutes, so we can take another question from IRC. Yeah. First of all, I apologize. This was a parser fuckup. Apparently the question about BNF I asked before was not other things than BNF, but generating parsers in different languages like C from actual BNF representations. Oh, I'm sorry, I misunderstood you. I misunderstood the question. Your standard C tool for that is Yak, yet another compiler compiler, or the GNU version, which is Bison. And the input language that both of these tools use is literally just straight up BNF. Okay, so somebody mentioned that some work apps require exponential time to execute. This is only true if you either use a backtracking implementation or add features like backwrapper events, so plain work apps don't really have this problem. And the other thing about backtracking regular expressions is that like PCRE regular expressions is that they have a stack, they're actually context-free. So, yeah. Yeah, thanks for pointing that out. But you see, it's not really the running time that should concern you. It's trying to solve an unsolvable problem when validating input. Yeah, I mean, the real problem that we want to solve is let's stop exposing weird machines because that way we cut the thread of malware off at the knees. You must make sure that when data reaches the processing logic, it has been checked and you're fully certain what is it that you are operating on. If you don't, you've got the explosion of state, you've got probably transitions that you did not anticipate, and you've got that computation, that unexpected computation that is otherwise known as being pwned. So, when we say that an exploit is proof, it's proof by construction that a computation is possible in the actual environment that you're exploiting. You know, you can't argue with proofs. This is science. Yeah. When you try to argue with reality, reality wins. Okay, another question from the internet. Well, Yuv Gang Yu asks, what your opinion is on the trend to invent ad hoc proprietary protocols between JavaScript apps and browsers and their servers? I'm sorry, can you repeat the question? What your opinion is on the trend to the trend to invent ad hoc proprietary protocols between JavaScript applications and browsers and their servers? Oh, so you're talking about, like, you know, RESTful APIs and stuff like that? Yeah, so I'm not a huge fan of proprietary protocols in the first instance. Yeah, you know, I can't stop people from shooting themselves in the foot. I can advise them to put the gun down. But I can't stop them. Well, you should realize that before RESTful was invented, CGI was an even bigger mess. You know, whatever the hell was in that URL, how would you even start making sense of it? Which things there were objects, which ones were methods or actions or messages, at least RESTful gives you an opportunity to start structuring that. But, yeah, we're not looking forward to the Turing complete web application future. I can't stop them. Okay, so we're doing one more question. Okay, then the more important one. Several people asked how about using, how it is about using length fields for performance, like in Travis Talk and the other one. And then delimiters for certainty. I missed everything after performance, sorry. Okay. I'm half deaf, I'm bad. Okay, using in protocols, using length fields for performance, and then additionally delimiters for certainty. So, I think performance is really a red herring. For that, I want to refer you to Matt Mite and Guy Hoos' first name. I don't remember Darius' paper from 2010 called Yak is Dead, where they blow up the myth about parsing being, like, you know, impractically heavy and so on and so forth. You know, I have not seen, like, real-world runtime statistics, comparing, say, context-free to context-sensitive with length fields, but we could gin that up. And I'd be willing to place a bet right now that context-free will actually win on performance. Also, consider that by including both the length and the delimiter, you've just created a semantic ambiguity, because you see, what do you think the implementers would do? Some of them would go by the length field, others by the delimiter. You know, and you'll have the wonderful world of ideas evasion all over again. By the way, if you were there for Dan Kaminsky's talk, the conclusion of it, the tricks to reveal your ISPs doing computation you don't want them to be doing on your packet, exposing the fact that they're doing this computation. Well, you know, this is the old world of ideas evasion, writing again, showing that if you don't have computational equivalence, it's damn hard to hide it. And it's easy enough to expose it. So don't rely on ambiguity for security, because ambiguity is insecurity. Okay, thank you. Give a huge round of applause for this awesome talk, please. Before you all leave, I heard stories about your lab coat. So could you come here, please? Can we please close all doors and put the house lights down? So because we have something to show here. Alright, so my dad is a chemical engineer. He worked for Exxon his entire career and before he was born, he spent some time in the research lab there. And when my mom, who I visited my parents for Christmas in Houston, and when my mom heard about the Odeo Lab Coats thing, she was like, oh, cool. And when I dug my dad's old lab coat from the research lab out of storage, the one that I used to play dress up in when I was a little girl. And I was like, okay, well, this is CCC. It needs to have art in it. So I decided to go ahead and bling it out a little bit with some UV decorations. And I guess they're working on the light problem there. So yeah, this is not the very best lab coat in the world. This is just a tribute. And I want to thank Dan and Travis again for putting this art in the Bitcoin blockchain because it really does mean the world to me. Thank you. Okay, lights back on, please. Yeah. Okay.

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GPN19 - Dämliche Dinge mit Git Repositorys anstellen

https://media.ccc.de/v/gpn19-4-dmliche-dinge-mit-git-repositorys-anstellen Ständig versuchen Leute Git richtig zu erklären. So auch ich, schließlich hat sich Git schon seit einigen Jahren als Standard festgesetzt. Viele nutzen zwar Git, kennen aber nicht alle Funktionen oder verstehen die Arbeit damit richtig. Nichtsdestotroz ist Git nicht für alle Probleme eine Lösung. DIeser Vortrag stellt einige dämliche Ideen vor, die Menschen schon mit Git Repositorys getrieben haben. Es werden einige Beispiele genannt, die man ausdrücklich nicht machen sollte. Darüber hinaus wird natürlich auch noch darauf eingegangen, warum solche Aktionen nicht sinnvoll mit Git umzusetzen sind und was für Alternativen es gibt. Sujeevan Vijayakumaran https://pretalx.entropia.de/gpn19/talk/GJDTBC/

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Herzlich willkommen hier im Open Hub, im ZKM. Wer von euch hat denn schon mal mit Git gearbeitet? Ich würde mal sagen, da seid ihr hier richtig. So Jee war, gerade habe ich es richtig hingekriegt. So Jee war ein Vijayakumaran und wird euch jetzt ein bisschen was über seine Erfahrungen mit Git und wie man es nicht verwendet, erzählen und viel Spaß. Ja, erst mal danke, dass so viele gekommen sind, schon der Bedarf zu geben. Ich meine, eine Frage, ich meine, wir hatten ja gerade jetzt die Frage, wer nutzt Git? Ist denn hier jemand, der keinen Git nutzt? CVS? Genau, kurze... Erst noch zur Struktur des Vortrags. Was mache ich genau hier? Einmal so ein paar dämliche Ideen, wobei ich sagen muss, es ist nicht wirklich dämlich. Es ist mehr so, wenn man teilweise nicht so ganz weiß, wie Git funktioniert und wie das genau arbeitet, dann ist das manche ein bisschen dämlich. Manche Sachen sind auch so dämlich, auch wenn man weiß, wie es funktioniert. Und ich will ein bisschen mal so zeigen, wie das dann ist, was man so machen kann oder was man falsch machen kann und wie es dann richtig geht. Meistens sieht man irgendwelche Anleitungen von wegen, ah, ich habe hier was Schönes. Bevor ich das aber weitermache, komme ich kurz noch zu, wer bin ich überhaupt? Oder wer ist das mit diesem komischen Namen? Und zwar komme ich aus der schönen Rohmetropole Kastraprauksel. Einer lacht hier sehr gut. Ich habe ein Git-Buch geschrieben und ich mache häufiger Git-Workshops. Und da sehe ich immer sehr viele interessante Sachen, die Leute machen, vor allem halt Anfänger. Was man mir so zugehört hätte, dann halt nicht gemacht hätte. Was ich zum Beispiel gerne mache ist, wenn man Git konfiguriert, also gitconfig, user.name, schreibe ich in meinen Anleitungen immer schon meinen Namen hin. Schöner komplizierter Name, schreibt keiner hin. Stellt sich fest, doch. Und richtig geschrieben, das habe ich auch nicht so häufig. Da sind immer so manche Kleinigkeiten, die dann immer ein auffallen, wenn man, was soll Leute in Repositories tun? Oder auch außer von Repositories natürlich. Praktische Negativbeispiele ein paar. Paar sind schlimmer, Paar sind weniger schlimmer. Und wer jetzt viel schon Git kennt, der wird wahrscheinlich nicht so viel mitnehmen können. Für die, die jetzt nicht so gut, nicht so ganz so bekannt sind, ist das vielleicht ein bisschen was Interessantes bei, vielleicht auch nicht. Das kann ich schlecht sagen, kommt halt immer darauf an, wie er so tickt. Und halt so ein paar Doos und Downs. Letztendlich sind es so, ich glaube, 10, 12 verschiedene Sachen, die ich so vorstelle. Genau. Wer ist denn ja alles fit in Git? Und ja, die mit den Leuten, die stehen, einmal tauschen. Für die, die sich nicht gemeldet haben, für die habe ich immer dieses schöne XKCD. So, ich glaube, es hat jetzt jeder gelesen. Genau. Und vor dem Problem stehe ich ja auch häufiger. Einmal gibt es immer die Leute, die sagen, ah, dieses schöne Graphenmodell, aber dann versteht man das nicht. Und dann gibt es noch die Git.txt, wo meine Handynummer draufsteht. Das ist auch nicht so toll, weil manche aber auch andere Dinge tun. Und fangen wir mit den ersten Sachen an, nämlich Credentials. Wer hat schon mal Credentials in Genangitrepo gefunden? Ach. Und bei wem war das in der Public Repository? Und was habt ihr dann gemacht? Ja. So, und zwar das Problem mit Credentials ist, beziehungsweise generell mit der Versionskontrolle. In jeder Revision ist halt eben das Credential drin, sei es ein Passforce oder API-Key oder sowas. Und ganz allgemein, also seit der Einführung, ist es halt entsprechend in jeder Revision drin. Natürlich sollte man sie ändern. Und wenn man dann eben hingeht und alle Vorkommnisse von diesem Key raushaben will, dann muss man so ein Filterbond anwenden. Wer hat schon mal Filterbond angewendet? Ja, auch schon ein paar. Und zwar ist Filterbond eigentlich eine ganz schöne Sache. Und zwar kann man damit die Historie neu schreiben. Was es letztendlich macht, ist man kann zum Beispiel einen Treefilter machen. Zum Beispiel, wie hier, geht Filterbond Treefilter mit einem Befehl und das dann auf das Repository loslassen. Und in dem Fall wird er durch jeden Commit durchgehen und die Passwort INI-Datei zum Beispiel rauslöschen. Hat im Endeffekt den großen Nachteil in dem Sinne. Es ist eine komplett neue Repository, weil jeder Commit, bis dieser Datei hinzugefügt wurde, ist entsprechend verändert worden, neue Commits. Und man kann es nicht mal so einfach verwenden, weil dann eben die Historie nicht mal so ganz schrimmt. So, eine komplett neue Historie hat eben dazu den Fall, dass man ein Forcebush machen muss, um das eben auf dem Server zu veröffentlichen. Und hier haben wir ein paar Filterbond verwendet. Wer hat das dann danach gepusht und seinen Kollegen nicht Bescheid gesagt? Keiner, sehr gut. Dann kommen wir aus so einem Punkt, unnötiges Historieneustreiben mit Filterbond. Es gibt halt Cases, wo man das dann machen muss, wo irgendwelche Daten drin sind, die nicht veröffentlicht werden sollten. Ich beziehe mich so ein bisschen auf sowohl Open Source Projekte als auch Firmenterne Projekte. Und zwar wie gerade eben schon gesagt, fast jeder Commit wird angefasst, wo entsprechende Dateien, sowas drin war. Und wesentlicher Nachteil ist, jede Person muss das neu klonen. Und was ich schon mal gesehen habe, ist, irgend ein Open Source Projekt hat das mal gemacht. Die haben einen Filterbond schon angefindet, um eine Subdiroaktorie zu einem eigenen Repository zu machen. Also was dann häufig so ist, ich habe jetzt irgendwie so ein Library Ordner. Und diesen Library Ordner hat auch mal eigene Historie. Und man kann diese Historie von diesen Unterzeichnissen rausziehen und ein eigenes Reboot ausmachen. Das ist ein guter Use Case, weil dann hat man das halt extra und dann hat man zwei Repositories. Eventuell braucht man das, sondern ist es auch okay. Was man dann nicht machen sollte, ist ein Filterbond anwenden, um die ganze Historie von diesem Ordner zu entfernen. Das braucht man dann halt nicht. Das ist am meisten nicht so wirklich für Open Source Projekte geeignet, weil man dann eben komplett die Historie neu schreiben muss. Und nächste Punkt ist Force Push. Das F steht mir vorsichtig. Wobei ich sagen muss, habe ich vorhin beim Stand vom Backspace gehört. Das fand ich richtig witzig, habe ich direkt eingefügt. Wer hat schon mal Spaß mitgehabt, dass irgend ein Force Push gemacht hat, oder einen Force Push machen sollte? Wie erfreut wart ihr dann? Genau, Force Push. Einige sagen immer, ein Force Push sollte man nur auf Branche zu machen, wo man nur komplett alleine drauf arbeitet. Also zum Beispiel nur auf privaten Forks. Ich mache das ein bisschen. Ich sage das immer so, okay, man kann das auch auf Buschenboanche machen, wo andere lesen können, aber wo man in der Regel alleine drauf arbeitet. Das war mir häufig der Fall. Ich bin im Moment mehr im Sys-Open-Bereich. Und da mache ich mein Kram in irgendeinem Feature-Boanche. Und da mache ich dann einen schönen Rebase Force Push, so wie mir lustig ist. Weil ich gehe davon aus, niemand nutzt diesen Branche als Basis für seine Arbeit. Und wenn, dann ist er selbst schuld. Entsprechend einfach nur zu merken, nicht auf Branche zu machen, wo mehrere Personen daran arbeiten. Zum Beispiel so ein Master-Boanche sollte man in der Regel nicht machen. Das geht jetzt hauptsächlich natürlich auf Projekte, wo mehrere Personen daran arbeiten. Was man dann aber immer machen sollte, ist, wenn man zum Beispiel GitLab oder GitLab verwendet, kann man Protected Boanches einstellen und wo man zum Beispiel auf Master und Develop oder wie die entsprechenden langliebigen Boanches entsprechend heißen. Und da kann man in der Regel generell kein Force Push machen und dann hat man schon ein Problem weniger. So, ein Ding ist, was ich bei vielen Leuten sehe, ist ganz große Commits. Wenn man das verwendet, gibt es viele Leute Commit-A. Wer macht das denn hier? Wer traut sich jetzt, sich dichtzumelden? Sehr gut. Genau. Ich sage immer, niemand hat die Absicht, GitCommit-A auszuführen. Und zwar unter dem Grund, dass halt eben nie klar ist, was da jetzt genau drin ist. Weil, wenn er GitCommit-A macht, weiß man immer, okay, ich pack da irgendwie alles, was ich gerade verändert habe, rein. Und häufig sind da irgendwelche Sachen drin, wie ich A irgendwie nicht mehr so weiß, was ich getan habe oder warum ich das getan habe. Und dann kann ich natürlich auch keine ordentliche Commit-Message schreiben. Entsprechend sage ich immer, kein GitCommit-A verwenden, weil ihr sollt wissen, was ihr getan habt. Auch hinterher. Und die Kollegen natürlich. Und ganz allgemein dazu, Commits sollten möglichst klein sein. Und das ist eine Veränderung. Wenn ihr in einer Commit-Message zum Beispiel schon stehen habt, bla bla bla und dies und jenes, dann wisst ihr, okay, das könnte eventuell mal in mehrere Commits machen. Warum das Ganze? Gewährleistung der Nachvollziehbarkeit. Wer hat sich schon mal GitCommits angeschaut und konnte nicht nachvollziehen, was die Person gemacht hat. Genau. Und was mit dem Rest? Und bei wem war das der Fall, dass man sich eigene Commits angeschaut hat und nicht feststellen konnte, was man getan hat. Also, ich muss mich natürlich auch melden. Genau, weil was ich nämlich häufig mache, GitBlame, das finde ich ganz toll. Kennt jemand GitBlame nicht? Ein paar Leute kennen GitBlame nicht, GitBlame ist toll. GitBlame kann man auf eine Datei werfen, also GitBlame Dateinnahme und das sagt dann für jede Zeile, wer hat das zuletzt angefasst, welche Commit-ID hatte das, welches Datum-Zeitstempel und für jede Zeile halt entsprechend. Wenn man dann irgendwie so ein Einzahl hat, wo man merkt, okay, das macht keinen Sinn, gucke ich da mal drauf, okay, wir warten das, das macht überhaupt keinen Sinn. Guck drauf, oh Scheiße, das war ich. Und gucke dann in die Commit-Messe, denkst du, ich sag ja den Leuten immer, schreibt ordentliche Commit-Messages und dann steht da irgendwie FixedBuck. Wer kennt das nicht? Und dann weiß ich, okay, man sollte vielleicht bei sich selbst erst mal anfangen, bevor man andere anguckt. Deswegen GitBlame kann man helfen, nicht nur dazu. Mein Blame ist halt immer so negativ belastet, so ja, wer hat den Scheiß jetzt verbrochen, aber man kann ja generell mal gucken, unter welchem Gesichtspunkt hat jetzt die Person das gemacht, wann war das und so weiter. Wer kennt GitBysect? Nicht. Gut, das kennt die meisten nicht. GitBysect ist relativ toll, es ist letztendlich eine binäre Suche über Commits, das heißt, wenn ich jetzt Version 1.0 hab und Version 2.0 hab und man hat irgendeine Funktion oder irgendein Back drin, der in Version 1 hat es normal funktioniert und in Version 2 hat es nicht mehr funktioniert. Irgendwo in der Mitte ist dann, oder irgendwo dazwischen, ist dann halt ein Fehler aufgetaucht und wenn man das per D-Burken Partu nicht hinkriegt, dann muss man halt mal gucken, wie man weiter macht. Das Tolle bei GitBysect ist eben, da kann man halt eben sagen, der gute Startpunkt war Version 1 und Version 2 hat es nicht mehr funktioniert und das macht eine binäre Suche über jeden Commit, womit man dann nachgucken kann, hat das überhaupt funktioniert. Also dann eben, nimmt er sich den mittleren Commit, weiß, wenn das hat funktioniert oder nicht, dann muss ich jeweils noch die Hälfte machen, hat man relativ wenige Schritte, bis man dann sieht, was das Problem war. Und zwar bin ich halt so vorgegangen einmal, hatte ich ein Problem gehabt, das war irgendwie so ein C++-Grams, hab es gediebert, hab es nicht gefunden, dachte dann so, ich mach das mal händisch, weil ich kannte GitBysect nicht und bin halt händisch hingegangen, hab jeweils zwischen zwei Commits den mittleren Commit gesucht und dann halt händisch getestet alles und dann den nächsten Commit weitergesucht, bis ich dann den fehlerhaften Commit gefunden hab, wo dann halt, kommen wir wieder zu letzten Folie zurück, wo dann halt drin steht Fixed Performance und das war genau das Gegenteil. Also das kann hilfreich sein, weil man mal Part 2 nicht auf den Fehler kommt. Da ist es aber hilfreich, dass man halt Commits hat, die möglichst klein sind, aber auch irgendwie kompilierbar testbar sind. So, was hilft gegen große Commits? Weil was ich immer mache, ist GitStatus. Wer verwendet GitStatus täglich oder wer verwendet es nicht täglich? Okay, ein paar Leute trauen sich. Genau, GitStatus sage ich allen Leuten, vor allem Anfängern immer, tippt das ein, damit ihr wisst, was gerade los ist. Das mache ich immer, auch wenn ich gerade davor irgendwas gemacht hab und dann GitDiff um das Diff anzugucken, um damit nichts rausgefallen ist. Weil als ich zum Beispiel die Folien gemacht hab, in Latech im konkreten Fall, also vor so einer Stunde, ist mir plötzlich eine Folie abhanden gekommen und das habe ich nur gerade gesehen, weil ich vorher nochmal ein GitDiff angeguckt hab und mein Lieblingsfeature ist GitAd-P. Wer kennt das? Na, die Hälfte, okay. GitAd-P ist ein schönes Feature, weil wenn ihr in einer Datei mehrere Änderungen habt, also einmal was oben und dann mal was unten, dann könnt ihr relativ einfach selektieren, welche Sachen ihr haben wollt. Wenn ihr dann einfach GitAd Dateinahmen macht, dann sind ihr alles im Stating-Bereich drin und dann im nächsten Commit. Manche hat aber verschiedene Sachen, die man getrennt in der Commit haben möchte. Und da hilft dann GitAd-P weiter. Jetzt mal kurz. Ja, ich muss gerade nur einen Repo suchen, wo ich das machen kann. Wir machen hier. Hallo, GPN. Das ist auch egal. Tschüss. Auf wie immer, GitStatus. Heps. Noch keine Commits. Das ist ein schlechtes Beispiel. Verdammt, das ist auch Video, ne? Noch mal hier. Wie man sieht, habe ich hier zwei verschiedene Änderungen, einmal oben und einmal unten. Und mit GitAd-P kann ich dann schon so schön sagen, Moment, ich mach das mal anders. So, sehe ich jetzt einmal die obere Änderung. Drück jetzt hier auf Y für Yes. Und drück bei Tschüss. GPN auf N für Nein. Wenn ich jetzt mal GitStatus eintippe, dann sehe ich einmal die gleiche Datei sowohl verändert als auch gestatet und einmal nicht im Stating-Bereich. Und das ist dann recht hilfreich, weil dann kann ich zwei Commits machen mit derselben Änderung in derselben Datei. Wenn man sich das jetzt nochmal weiter anguckt, dann sieht man hier verschiedene Buchstaben. Ich kenne jetzt auch nicht alle auswindig. So, dass man, wenn man größere Änderungen hat, auch ein S machen kann für Split, um das Ganze ein bisschen aufzuteilen. Das Split sieht man jetzt im konkreten Beispiel jetzt nicht, weil es halt ein Zweizeiler ist oder ein Dreizeiler. Soweit klar, hoffe ich. Ja, so. Genau. Und dann geht Kommit entweder mit Minus M und der Commit-Message oder halt eben mit dem Editor der Wahl, den man halt eben aufmacht, um dann die Commit-Message einzutragen. Kommt mal zum nächsten unlesbare Commit-Message. Ich habe mal hier so ein paar mitgebracht. Und zwar, wer hat schon mal welche von denen hier gefunden? Hat sich jemand nicht gemeldet? Genau. Wer schreibt regelmäßig solche Commit-Messages bei Projekten, wo nicht nur man selbst arbeitet? Gut, schämt euch. Genau. Ja, ich glaube, da muss ich jetzt konkret nicht so viel sagen. Es meistens, sollte man schon beschreiben, was da drin ist. Was ich aber sagen kann, ist, ich habe zu der ganzen Sache, wie man nachvollziehbare Commits macht und einen eigenen Talk gemacht auf dem Chemnitzer Linux-Tagen. Gibt es einen Aufzeichnungen, kann man sich angucken. Ansonsten könnte ich hier drei Stunden referieren. Genau. Kommt mal zu Binär-Dateien. Wer hat schon mal Binär-Dateien im Repository gefunden? Okay, also gefühlt fast alle. Genau. So, dazu muss man wissen, dazu muss man wissen, wie geht, warum knistert das jetzt so? Wie geht Ihre Daten, die Dateien speichert und wie die Binär-Dateien entsprechend was und Probleme dazu da gibt. Und zwar, geht speichert immer eine Datei, die man in das Repository schiebt, komplett viele denken, ich habe ja nur einen Diff von, was ich gerade auch gemacht habe, von drei Zeilen. Also speichert dann nur dieses Diff, das ist ja so schön klein und dann zieht das ja nicht so viel Speicherplatz. Geht speichert einmal die komplette Datei, komprimiert die und speichert die intern ab. Macht aber bei jeder, bei jedem Vorgang eine neue Abspeicherung. Das heißt, wenn man hier zum Beispiel guckt, wir haben vier Dateien. Im ersten Komet, also im allerersten Komet, haben alle Version 1. Wenn wir aber die im zweiten Komet eine Datei anfassen, dann haben wir dann eine neue Version. Die anderen sind aber weitere die alte Version. Wenn man dann irgendwie eine Datei 2 verändert, dann hat man davon eine weitere Version, aber man muss nicht zwangsläufig die ganze Historie speichern. Weil, wäre jetzt einfach mal immer nur, theoretisch kann man auch hingehen, bei jedem Komet speichere ich das ganze Verzeichnis und speichere das irgendwo weg, aber das brauche ich ja nicht, weil dann würde ich ja dat einen doppelt speichern. Das Problem bei Binärdateien ist, je größer, je mehr man davon drin hat, desto größer wird das Repository. Wärt schon mal mit Gigabyte großen Repositories gearbeitet. Hat es Spaß gemacht. Kopf schütteln. Eine Lösung ist GitLFS für large file System, glaube ich. Und das ist meistens so bei GitHub und GitLab zum Beispiel, dass man Binärdateien nicht alles lokal herunter kopiert werden und dann dauert das GitClone nicht ganz so lange. Kommen wir zu dem Problem, dass man viel zu viele Dateien und viel zu viele Verzeichnisse hat. Und so habe ich hier ein konkretes Beispiel und das fand ich durchaus interessant. Und zwar, es gibt einen GitRepository, das wurde von der Firma, also von der Firma, die das hat, als das größte GitRepository in der Zeit betitelt. Es hat 3,5 Millionen Dateien. Es sind 300 Gigabyte Repository und da arbeiten 4.000 Leute ungefähr täglich dran. Welches Projekt ist das? Kennt ihr vielleicht? Und zwar sieht es da so aus, dass wenn man ein GitClone macht, dauert das da 12 Stunden, wenn es funktioniert. Also unter dem Link das kann lohnt sich anzugucken. Das ist ein Vortrag von Microsoft, von der Git-Konferenz von vor 2 Jahren, glaube ich. Da hat er da halt gezeigt, was für Probleme sie hatten von, ich glaube, Team-Formation-Serve auf Git zu migrieren und was das also für Probleme war. Und so ein GitCheckout von einem Boahansch, der dauert ja, wenn man das jetzt bei seinen Otto-Normal-Projekten, das halt macht, dauert das ja unwesentlich. Und da dauert ein GitCheckout 3 Stunden. Oder ein Git-Status, wo ich ja vorhin gesagt habe, der beständig dauert 8 Minuten. Und ein Git-Commit 30 Minuten. Dann macht man lieber größere Commits. Und um nachzuvollziehen, warum das Ganze so lange dauert, kommen wir jetzt auf das nächste, weil ich habe es gerade ja schon so ein bisschen erklärt, und zwar, wie Git intern die Dateien speichert. Und zwar hat Git 3 Objektiven-Typen, ein Git-Commit, ein Tree und ein Blob. Wenn ich in einem Repository, also wenn ich in einem Repository bin und Gitlock eintippe, dann sieht man ja erstmal ganz viele verschiedene Commits nach der Reihenfolge, wie sie erstellt wurden, also neuste zuerst und die Alteren weiter unten. Und da kann man mal reingucken. Zum Beispiel habe ich hier diesen Commit, einen Commit, schau da rein. Wenn ich reingucke, was steht in da drin. Dann sehe ich so unter anderem so Sachen wie Datum, wann und wer und welche Commit-Message und ein Tree-Objekt. Ein Tree, also ein Verzeichnisbaum. Und da kann ich reingucken und da ist eine Liste drin von Dateien, die in dem Repository drin sind. Da kommen wir zu der nächsten Stufe, nämlich ein Blob. Wenn wir genau eine Datei haben, die 1 heißt, dann ist das recht einfach. Und ein Tree enthält ein Blob und in dem Blob ist an der Inhalte der Datei drin. So, wenn wir jetzt einen zweiten Commit machen, dann sieht das Ganze so aus. Wir haben einen Commit, einen zweiten Commit, der hat eingetragen, welcher Vorgänger-Commit das ist und hat ein neues Tree-Objekt. In dem Tree-Objekt sind jetzt zwei Dateien drin. Nämlich einmal die alte Datei, die muss man ja nicht neu erzählen, und die zweite Datei, die ein neuer Blob ist. So ist es letztendlich, es geht ganz einfach implementiert. Und letztendlich ist es eine Verkettung von Commits. Ich meine, hier habe ich jetzt einfach nur ganz zwei Dateien, zwei Commits. Es ist relativ einfach, um jetzt wieder auf das Problem von dem Windows ein Git Repository anzuknüpfen. Und jetzt halt eben ein Commit und ein Tree-Objekt. Und in dem Tree-Objekt sind ganz viele Millionen an Tree-Objekten und Blobs drin. Und muss das weiter ganze nachhangeln und danach zu schauen, ist die Datei irgendwie verändert worden. Das heißt, bei 3,5 Millionen Dateien muss das nachgucken, wird die Datei irgendwie verändert oder nicht. Da arbeiten das meistens nicht ganz so schlimm, als mit vielen kleinen Dateien. Bei einem Git Start hast du zum Beispiel hin und guckt, welche Datei wurden jetzt angefasst. Bei 3,5 Millionen kann das ein bisschen dauern. Und was sich Microsoft im Konkreten ausgedacht hat, war das Git-Virtual-File-System. Das lädt dann ausgewählte Git-Files, also das im Punkt Git-Verzeichnis und die mahnt. Es ist dann nicht mehr komplett verteilt. Aber man will hier auch nicht 300 Gigabyte nur auf seinem Rechner haben. Und das lädt dann so und die mahnt halt eben die Dateien und dann können sie damit arbeiten. Weil, hatten auch gesagt, die haben sich Submodules angeguckt. Wer nutzt Git-Submodules? Wer hat Spaß damit? Einer, oder 3,4,5 Ja, Git-Submodules macht meistens keinen Spaß, vor allem wenn man ein Projekt hat, wo vieles ineinander greift und wenn man dann gleichzeitig andere Positories arbeiten muss, dann ist das nicht mal ganz so schön. Und deswegen war das auch zum Beispiel keine Lösung. So, der nächste Punkt, Git-GUI-Tools Vertrauen, Git-GUI-Tools zu nutzen, ist völlig okay. Aber darauf zu vertrauen, ist manchmal so eine Sache. Wer nutzt, oder wer nutzt fast ausschließlich nur Git-GUI-Tools? Ah, okay. Und was ich dazu immer sage, ist, Git-GUI-Tools ist ein Anfänger. Git ist ein Kommando-Zahlen-Tool und grafische Tools sind häufig nicht so klar, was da passiert. Deswegen mache ich vor allem bei Anfängern, wenn ich da mal so einen Workshop mache, mache ich dann relativ eigentlich nur Kommando-Zahlen-Tool, weil wenn man das verstanden hat, dann weiß man auch, was die Buttons auf der Oberfläche im grafischen Tool machen. Man weiß nicht, was das heißt, sondern da steht jetzt Merge, aber was heißt das überhaupt? Und irgendwelche Begriffe, die gar nicht gibt, zum Beispiel gibt es in Visual Studio Code zum Beispiel ein Sync-Button. Ich weiß nicht, was ein Sync-Button tut, weil im Git-Repose gibt es kein Sync, oder auch diverse Sachen wie Intaktivariebe ist, das fehlt häufig. Manche gehen es auch noch hin und benennen Funktionen, die es in Git gibt, anders in irgendwelchen GUI-Tools. Und das ist meistens ein bisschen verwirrend. Und wir kommen dann immer so Leute und sagen hier, ich verstehe nicht, was hier los ist und ich sage dann, gib mal erstmal Git-Status, weil dann weiß ich, wie der Stand ungefähr ist. Weil das Zeichen die GUI-Tools meistens nicht ganz so an. Zum Beispiel, wenn man in einem Rebase ist, dann zeigt das Git-Status recht einfach an, bei in einem GUI-Tool, dann halt eben nicht. Das gibt auf Deutsch. Es fangen jetzt schon Leute an zu lachen. Und genau, wer weiß, was Git auf Deutsch heißt, nämlich Idiot, Blödenmann, der weiß daneben, okay, da sind manchmal so Sachen. Ich meine, viele nutzen, glaube ich, auf Deutsch den, die Begriffe Buansch, Zweig für Buansch. Ich glaube, das war's. Ich hoffe, das kann man lesen. Das ist jetzt ein Screenshot aus Git, aus dem Tool Git-GUI, was an sich in Ordnung ist. Man sollte es noch nicht auf Deutsch verwenden. Und zwar, wenn man hier so guckt, ein Repository ist ein Projektarchiv. Ein Buansch ist ein Zweig, ein Commit ist eine Version. Und hier sind dann so Sachen wie Letzte Nachbessern, Abzeichnen und Eintragen oder ein Merch ist zusammenführen. Und hier sieht die englische Übersetzung aus. Eine Eintragung ist nämlich ein Commit. Da kam ich jetzt auch nicht drauf. Deswegen sage ich immer so, okay, besser auf Deutsch, auf Englisch verwenden. Wobei ich in einem konkreten Beispiel hatte ich mein Getrebe, wo der Vortrag drin liegt, hat ein Air drin, für dämliche Aktionen. Das ist auch schön. Es gibt ein Getrebe, nämlich ein Get auf Deutsch. Der hat dann so recht am Husont hingeschrieben, was man für Übersetzung geben könnte. Für z.B. Pull ist ein Ziehen, einen Push ist ein Drücken. Ein Merch ist ein Vereinigen. Das war auch mal witzig, weil bei meiner alten Arbeitsstelle, ich rede auf Deutsch, ich rede mal mit einem Kollegen so, ja hier können wir dies oder jenes merken. Sie fragt mir, was redet ihr eigentlich über das Merken? Er guckt auch ins Wörterbuch, hat sie nachgeguckt, iiii, sich vereinigen. Seitdem fand sie den Begriff immer schon sehr toll. Genau, und da sind letztendlich auch noch Alias drin, die man sich setzen kann, wenn man es unbedingt auf Deutsch verwenden will. Also, Falk auf Github oder nein, drücke das gleich zum Meister im Ursprung oder mach ein Ziehbegehen, wenn du mit der Vereinigung fertig bist. Also, das ist aus dem Getrepo, das habe ich mir nicht selbst ausgedacht, ich fand es nur großartig, als ich das gesehen hab. Github auf Sächsisch ist auch toll. Kann ich nicht nachmachen. Könnt ihr ja mal kurz drüberlesen? Vielleicht haben wir hier einen Sachsen, der das vormachen möchte. So, ich mach mal weiter. Noch halbe Stunde geht ja an. Genau, wer hat schon mal ein komplettes Repository weggelöscht, weil irgendwas kaputt war? Also, hat's danach geholfen? Der Frust war weg, aber habt ihr verstanden, was kaputt war? Genau, also ich bin ja mal ein Fan davon, dass wenn man Probleme hat, dann geht man zum Arzt. Nein, dann guckt man eben, dass man das eben verstanden hat, was das Problem ist. Bei meinen eigenen Repositories habe ich das natürlich sehr, sehr lange her, dass ich das gemacht habe. Bei anderen Leuten mache ich das trotzdem manchmal, oder die machen das schneller, als ich sagen kann, tue es nicht. Und zwar wahrscheinlich irgendwie so ein Getriebeis, interaktiveriebeis, sondern ist irgendwie was kaputt gegangen und da habt ihr nicht mal weiter gewusst, oder? Ich sehe gar nicken, also okay. Und zwar, da hilft immer Getrefflog. Getrefflog ist immer recht schön, weil viele Leute sagen, ich hab noch nix getan, ich hab's immer wie immer gemacht, was dann aber nicht der Fall war. Und das hilft dann halt eben dagegen. Wenn man eben reinguckt, dann sieht man alles, was man lokal gemacht hat in diesen Repository. Wenn man irgendwelche Commits gedroppt hat, irgendwas gemirkt hat, dann kann man sehr einfach, ohne die Bash-Historie zu lesen, nachvollziehen, was denn da jetzt genau passiert ist. Und da kann man zum Beispiel verlorene Commits wiederfinden. Und was ich dann eben mache, wenn Leute zu mir kommen und sagen, ich hab irgendwie was kaputt gemacht, dann gebt mir bitte Getrefflog ein, weil da sehe ich dann immer, was haben die Leute denn gemacht und kann dann noch was wiederholen. Einmal war das so, ja, ich hab hier einen neuen Orange gemacht und einen Merch-Request gemacht, aber da sind keine Änderungen drin. Dann macht man Getrefflog und da waren keine Commits da. Und das ist immer recht hilfreich. Ich meine, ich kann ja mal, hier war es ein relativ einfaches Repository, da arbeite ich nur selbst, da sieht man dann halt Commits, ist recht langweilig. Ich hab jetzt keine Arbeitsrepository, ist hier drauf, wo ich mehr tue, deswegen ist das relativ langweilig zu zeigen. Das fand ich auch spannend. Nämlich, diese, vor ein paar Tagen gab es, diese Wandsomware-Angriffe auf GitRepository, die irgendwie auf GitHub oder GitLab da waren. Und vor allem, wenn das Open Source, ich hab schon diese ganz genau verfolgt, aber wer gibt es zumindest ein bisschen verstanden hat, sollte verstehen, dass das ein verteiltes Versionsverwaltungssystem ist. Zumindest sag ich das immer den Leuten. Und wer da zahlt, ist halt blöd. Und genau, um was man da eigentlich nur tun muss, einmal den Board schon mal neu pushen und dann ist alles in Ordnung. Zumindest, wenn das ein Public-Open-Source-Repository ist, wenn das jetzt irgendwas viel im Internist ist, dann hat es ja nochmal andere Bedeutungen, weil irgendwer Zugang zum Code hatte, das kann ich jetzt nicht beeinflussen oder beurteilen, aber zumindest ist es relativ, ja, wer sollte das schon bezahlen? Weil man hatte historiale da, irgendwer hat zwar schon noch auf dem Rechner. So, wer hat da schon mal den Spaß, dass verschiedene Line-Endungen in derselben Datei, okay, das ist mehr als die Hälfte, hatte ich auch. Da habe ich auch so eine nette Anekdote, das war mal ein Uniprojekt vor so 2, 3 Jahren. Da hat er dann einer an der Datei angefasst, der hat natürlich nicht geguckt, was er verändert hat. Das sag ich da auch immer, immer schön gucken, was man verändert hat, wie man ja vorhin gelernt hat. Und er hatte dann eben komplett alle Datei-Zeilenenden verdreht und hat es dann einfach gepusht und es war halt alles kaputt. Irgendwie von Windows auf Linux gibt es aber recht einfache Methode, um das zu verhindern. Dafür muss man das entweder lokal machen, da kann man eben Auto CLF auf true setzen und dann macht er die Umwandlung automatisch. Das heißt, unter Windows macht er den automatisch beim Einchecken dann eben ein Line-Feed draus und beim Auschecken halt wieder umgekehrt. Und das Ganze ist aber halt durf, weil ich glaube jetzt viele werden hier wahrscheinlich Mac oder Linux nutzen oder sowas und eher in kleinen Tallwindows und dass man dann zu jedem Person hingehen muss und dass man eintippen muss. Bei meistens machen die Leute die Fehler, die es irgendwie nicht so gut kennen. Was man aber auch machen kann, ist ein Git Attributes File anlegen und da diese Zeile einfügen, das muss man in jedem Repository machen, dann sorgt das automatisch dafür, dass es halt richtig umgewandelt wird. Das macht das Ganze ein bisschen einfacher. Zumindest nachdem ich das umgestellt habe, hatte ich damit keine Probleme mehr. Und das ist dann eigentlich recht angenehm. So, weitere blöde Ideen, damit sind wir auch schon fast am Ende. Das habe ich auch mal gesehen, Remote Bunches genauso benennen wie lokale Bunches. Also wenn man jetzt irgendwie Origin Slash Master hat, dass man einen lokalen Bunch hat, der Origin Slash Master hat, der aber ein lokaler Bunches und kein Remote Bunch ist, das ist immer sehr irritierend, wenn man das sieht. Was ich auch gesehen habe, ist einer, der dann seinen lokalen Bunch, Local Bunch genannt hat. Und dann hat diesen Local Bunch gepusht und das sieht halt total komisch aus. Weil wenn man den Bunch, namens Local Push, dann ok. Mitten im Rebase-Vorgang sein ohne es zu merken, ist auch toll. Da kommt nämlich immer die Frage, ok ich habe hier, also was halt ich mache ein Rebase und da muss man da ein Konflikt fixen. Man hat aber nicht Rebase-Continue gemacht. Entsprechend läuft das nicht so ganz weiter. Aber man macht schon fleißig weiter Komits und am Ende sagt man so, meine Änderung ist weg und gehe ich hin, ok geht Status. Und was sieht man da, Rebase im Gange oder irgendwie sowas. Und ja und dann merken sie, oh ich habe es ja nicht abgeschlossen. Auch eine schlechte Idee. Was ich dazu sagen kann ist, es gibt einen Springer für die Kommando-Zeile. Ich glaube oh my Git oder oh my ZSH, kennen vielleicht einige. Da kann man Git konfigurieren, so dass dann immer schön drin steht, welcher Bunch mit welchen Änderungen drin sind. Ich persönlich nutze zum Beispiel Liquid Prompt, das ist zum Beispiel das hier. Wo ich jetzt zum Beispiel direkt sehe, ich bin auf Bunch Master, habe 3 Sachen hinzugefügt, 3 Zeilen hinzugefügt und kein und eins auf und keine entfernt und wenn ich jetzt mal einen Commit mache, was wollte ich noch mal nicht verwenden, genau. Dann sehe ich auch ok, ich habe einen Commit den ich noch nicht gepusht habe und da sehe ich sehr schnell, ob irgendwas im Gange ist, was ich hätte fixen sollen. Genau, weil so sieht man jetzt direkt, ok, ich bin im Rebase Vorgang und dann ist das kaum zu übersehen, weil mancher passiert mir das ja auch, also eigentlich nicht, aber weil ich das eben sehe und kann das dann direkt halt eben fixen und gut ist. So, das habe ich nämlich auch mal gesehen und kürzlich kam ein Kollege zu mir und ich habe gesagt, was hältst du davon, wenn man Bunch ist merged, indem man einzelne Dateien rüber kopiert? Da kam ich jetzt auch noch nicht auf die Idee, fand ich auch spannend, weil gibt es schöne Befehle, gibt es ein Merch oder auch SVN Merch, da kenne ich mich so, weil da gibt es halt welche, die kopieren sich dann halt die Dateien von einzelnen Bunches, dann irgendwie in den aktuellen Bunch und nennen dann den Commit dann Merch, Bunch, irgendwas, dabei gibt es eine schöne Konkurrenzion. Sollte man nicht tun, ist alles ein bisschen komplizierter, als man es eigentlich machen sollte. Nicht baubarer oder ausführbarer Commits spielt ein bisschen auf das von vorhin mit dem Git-By-Sect an, ist immer praktisch, wenn man einen Commit hat, der sich kompilieren und bauen lässt, je nachdem, was das jetzt für ein Projekt ist, weil dann kann man Git-By-Sect auswählen, wenn man mal Probleme hat und dafür gibt es auch die ICD Pipelines, um das Ganze zu automatisieren und dann sieht man relativ früh, wenn was kaputt geht. Genau, das war es. Gibt es Fragen? Also Fragen, Anmerkungen, andere Ideen, die man nicht tun sollte? Wie willst du nicht komplierbare Commits verhindern, wenn ein Merch von mehreren Commits über ein Pro-Request reingeht und dazwischen andere Waren vorher? Verhindern ist schwierig. Man sollte halt selbst darauf aufpassen, würde ich sagen. Also irgendwo muss man natürlich zwischen technischen und sozialen Problemen gucken, weil da muss man irgendwie selbst gucken. Also richtig, ich glaube bei GitLab oder GitHub ist es meist ein bisschen schwieriger jeden Commit, weil da macht er meist nur den letzten Commit, aber wenn man lokal arbeitet, kann man das zum Beispiel verhindern. Also das ist ein bisschen, habe ich jetzt keine Patentlosung für hinter dir? Wie du das schon sehr schön erwähnt hast, GitSubmodules ist so eine Sache. Aber in der Praxis hat man sie ja dann doch immer wieder und alles ein gigantisches Reboot zu werfen, das ist auch keine gute Lösung. Pest oder Koffer rein? Ist irgendwas besser wie das? Ja, also kommt auch an, wie man fragt. Wenn man Google fragt, die haben alles in einem riesen Reboot drin, das ist glaube ich kein GitRebo, aber die haben diese Monorepos, Facebook auch, die haben auch Mercurial glaube ich. Ich selbst, ich würde einmal gucken, wie es sich einbinden lässt. Ich hatte ein Projekt gehabt, da waren dann irgendwelche Liveboots als Submodules eingebunden. Die haben sich alle jeden paar Monate mal, gab es noch was Neues und konnte uns dann hochziehen. Je häufiger man die Submodules hochziehen kann man immer ein bisschen darauf an. Also Patentlösung gibt es halt nicht. Wenn man richtig nutzt, ist es okay. Es ist immer abhängig. Also es kommt darauf an. Da vorne. Da. Ich habe noch einen schönen Vorschlag für Dinge, die man nicht tun sollte, wenn man sich die eigene History anguckt und einen Komet findet, für den man sich schämt. Da gibt es das schöne GitHub-Projekt in dem ich jetzt auf der Fokussport zu gehen. Hast du das schon mal gemacht? Hat die Person es denn gemerkt? Später gemerkt. Noch irgendwelche Fragen, Anmerkungen, Ideen, was gefehlt hat. Du hattest eben kurz erwähnt, dass du die Geier auf Deutsch hattest und das auf Englisch haben wolltest, dann kannst du da keine haben. Du hast wahrscheinlich die locale auf C gestellt. Ja, genau. Das war nur weil es abgestürzt ist. Die locale C.utf8, das ist dann auch Englisch kann, aber auch nicht Englisch. Stimmt, guter Hinweis. Also ich nutze halt GUI Tools eigentlich gar nicht, von daher ist das. Ich wollte nur sagen, es gibt ja wirklich gute GUI Tools, so in Wim und Emacs vor allem. Das letzte Wort habe mich ganz verstanden. Git GUI gehört aber nichts dazu. Ich habe irgendwann mal rausbekommen, das tut auch manchmal einfach so Git-Gabbage-Collector anwerfen, wenn es startet. Das heißt, ja, wenn man vielleicht so manchmal doch mit verloren hat und denkt man, oh ja, ich kann da noch Git reflog ausführen, da ist ja noch der commit drin. Oh, nee, der commit ist gar nicht mehr drin. Ah, ich habe in der Zwischenzeit Git GUI aufgerufen und das hat ihn einfach gelöscht. Ja, also es gibt ein paar GUI Tools, die ich okay finde, also unter Windows zum Beispiel Source Tree, aber Git Kraken gibt es ja, was so ein Elektron App ist, aber meistens gucke ich auch nur damit die Historianer nutzt damit nichts. Deswegen kann ich da auch gar nicht so viel zu sagen. So, noch irgendwer. Genau, ansonsten, ich bin heute noch da, morgen nicht mehr. Also wenn irgendwas ist, spreche ich euch an. Ich weiß ja nicht, ich knabber nur. Dankeschön.

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My Face Palette Collection 😍

Hi guys! This week's collection video is my Face Palette Collection! Face palettes are another favorite of mine to purchase, and I wanted to share with you the beautiful collection that I am blessed to have! Comment down below what part of my collection you would like to see next! EDIT: as I am watching this I am feeling sad because I just realized I forgot to pull out my Scott Barnes Palettes out :((((( ahhhhh now I have a hole in my heart. Follow me on social media! ig- https://www.instagram.com/morganturnermakeup/ twitter- https://twitter.com/mturnermakeup?lang=en mturnermakeup@gmail.com for business inquires! My Luxury Eyeshadow Palette Collection https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tILYcrvNk84&t=155s My High End Eyeshadow Palette Collection https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6k742O5LRQI&t=7s My Affordable/Drugstore Eyeshadow Palette Collection https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pU7PTcbOdcc Affiliate Links: Muse Beauty Pro (one of my fave places to get viseart from!) http://www.musebeauty.pro?aff=19 https://www.cydesign.studio "Morgan10" for 10% off * I receive no commission, you guys just always ask me about my jewelry so I have a discount code for you if you're interested in some super cute jewelry :) * "MORGANTURNERMAKEUP" for 10% off Sigma Beauty! *Some of the links above are affiliate links, meaning I do receive a small commission.Of course all earnings go back into improving the content on my channel, however please feel no pressure to use those links if you feel uncomfortable doing so. I am just happy I could lead you to a product you will love :) I use MagicLinks for all my ready-to-shop product links. Check it out here: https://www.magiclinks.org/rewards/referral/morganturn/

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Hi guys, what is up? Welcome to my channel. As you can see for today's video, I'm going to be doing my face palette collection video, where I go through all of the face palettes in my collection. Man, I had more than I thought I did, so if you would like to see every single one of these palettes and hear my thoughts about them, then just keep watching. Alright, so we are going to start off with luxury first and then go into high end and then go in to the more affordable options. Also, you might see these palettes again when I do like a highlighter collection. For example, if any of these palettes are all purely just highlighters, I will put those palettes in the highlighter collection video. But all the palettes that have multiple different types of products is what won't be in those collection videos. But anyways, so what I'm saying is you might see some of these again, but we'll get to that when we get there. So we're going to start off with the Ultima Tom Ford. I have this guy right here. This is the Sole Contouring Compact in the Afternooner. This is my favorite of these. So I picked this up at the cosmetic company store and it's just a beautiful bronzer, blush, and highlighting a trio. I really, really love these and they're just so luxurious. I also have one in Sole Afterglow, which is a little bit brighter. I would say this is more suited towards medium skin tones, but these are so pretty. Then I have this one in Bask, which this is the new one that I have. I paid full price for it and it is stunning. It's just a bronzer and highlighting compact and it's beautiful. I need to use this again sometime soon. But as you can see, I've gotten quite a lot of use out of it. It is stunning. Let's go into Hourglass because I do actually have a lot of Hourglass. So starting off with the big palettes, I have the Lighting Edit Volume 3 right here. So this came out a couple of years ago. Really nice colors, all of the blush colors in here especially. So this is an older one. This is the Lighting Edit Ghost. The Ghost one is the newest one that came out this past holiday season. I really don't like the packaging of it and the colors are decent. They're not my favorite, but they're pretty good. This one is the Ambient Edit one. So this came out the year before the one I just showed you. This one is a new packaging though. I purchased a fresh one when this re-released and gave my old one to my mom. But this is my favorite of all of the Hourglass 6 Panners. This one is spectacular and you can still purchase it on Beautylish which is the best part. You can still get it because this one is by far the best one. And this one is from years ago. I don't even know what this is called at this point. This is the Surreal Light Lighting Edit Palette and of course it's just beautiful mostly for the marbling packaging. This one's older. It doesn't have much color. If you ask me there's not enough depth in this palette but it still is absolutely stunning. I have this Lighting Edit Blush Quad from the Ghost Collection this past holiday season as well. This is stunning. Hourglass has some of the best blushes. So I'm so happy that they came out with a whole blush quad this year. It is amazing. I of course have my Ambient Lighting Edit Palette which is a classic from Hourglass. It is my favorite most used palette from Hourglass just because of how versatile these powders are. I have this Strobe Lighting Blush Trio which I think was from a Nordstrom sale if I remember correctly. Anyways these are really great neutral everyday blushes. Like I said Hourglass blushes are bomb. So I try and collect as much as I can from this palette. Here is a different nude blush palette. This one hasn't been used quite as much but it is still really stunning again collecting as much as I can. And then we have the Metallic Ambient Lighting High Lighting Palette. So this one just re-released. This is an original from 2017 but you can purchase this now if you want. This is like one of the only times you can get your hands on the Metallic Strobe Lighting Formula. So highly highly recommend if you want a Beaming Highlight that doesn't emphasize any texture. So now let's dig into Natasha Denona. So I of course have the Citrus Palette which you saw I recently hauled. I have not yet had the chance to use it. I've only swatched it just because I fear it's not going to be that great for my skin tone but you guys have told me otherwise. So I'm very excited to play around with this. So this one is the Citrus. You can buy it right now for 50% off if you're interested. And then we have Daria which you can see has been in my collection for a while. At this point I almost want to refresh it for the 50% off because it's so good. I love this one for lighter skin tones. I think it is such a stunning palette and it's huge. I love it. Here's the Bloom Palette. This is one of my favorite blush palettes ever. You guys know how obsessed with it I am. I've talked about it a lot on my channel. One of my favorite. This is one of the newest ones from Natasha Denona. This is the Love Glow Cheek Palette. I don't like it as much as the Bloom but it still is very very nice. I just don't really like this color right here but the rest are really beautiful for a glowy cheek and this packaging. I mean come on. And then I have the Tan Browsing Glow which I'm not as crazy about as the other ones. I think this is just okay. I think this is great for medium skin tones. I like certain products in here and then there are other products that I personally can't use on myself. The next brand that I'm going to go into is NARS. I used to collect their cheek palettes and then they came out with too many. Here we have the Exposed Cheek Palette. So let me show you the packaging because that's the easiest way to tell what it is. And this one is really really pretty. I don't love this one though. I don't really feel like I get a lot of color payoff on my cheeks. It's just not my favorite formula. I think if you're very fair this one is a very good palette but of the NARS blush palettes. This one was not my favorite. Then we have the Wanted One Blush Palette. This came out when I first started my channel and I actually reviewed these and I really like this one a lot. I don't reach for it as much as I used to but I really love these more neutral colors that we have going on over here. Then we have the Wanted Two Palette which went along with the Wanted One and looking at this, this is just too deep for my skin tone so I think I'm actually going to pass this on to my mom because she's more deep than myself. But this one is really pretty if you have a medium skin tone. Here we have the Hot Trist Palette which, okay, yes, 99% of the reason I purchased this was for this amazing packaging but I actually do really like the blush formula as well. I like it a little bit better than that first NARS blush palette that I showed you. This one I just think, again, it's that amazing finish on the skin but I get better color payoff with this one so I do enjoy it. This one, this is my newest NARS purchase. This is the Overlust Cheek Palette and this is one of my favorite palettes they've come out with and just comparing it to all the others, do you see how muted this one is and how neutral and everyday friendly this one is? I really do love this one. I think it is very stunning and I highly recommend to pick it up while you can get your hands on it. I'm just obsessed with it. Oh my gosh, this, I wish they would come back out with this because it's amazing. So this is the Board de Plague Bronzing and Illuminating Palette and I mean, I've used the heck out of this. I just think the formulas in here are so beautiful. I don't really care too too much for the bronzers but it's the highlighters that I love and I just like there's already bronzers in here. This is just one of my most used face palettes. I absolutely love it and it's a shame this was limited edition because this is incredible. I have a couple palettes from Laura Mercier. So this one is an older one from a couple of years ago, a holiday collection and what is this called? This is from the Fall in Love collection and this is the Illuminator Palette. I mean, as you can see, this one's kind of embarrassingly gross. I haven't used this in a while. That's why I forgot how gross it looked. But yeah, I used to use this like crazy when I was in college just for a highlight. I like these because these are permanent colors from Laura Mercier and they're all in a little palette. So I like to keep this for reference and then this one is from their holiday collection this year and this one is a really stunning palette. Oh my gosh, I almost forgot I have this. I need to pull this out again because I really, really love this when I got my hands on it, which this is called the Cheek Canvas Soft Cheek Palette. It is really stunning if you could still purchase it. Oh my gosh, I can't believe I haven't used this in a while because I really, really enjoyed this a few months ago. I have a couple palettes from Bobby Brown as well. This one is the Bobby to Glow Shimmer Brick Palette. Bobby Brown is the originator of this kind of brick style idea and I think it's really nice. I don't use this as often as I should but it just kind of has a lot of nostalgia to me. Now this isn't that old honestly. I like to keep this around because I love Bobby Brown and Bobby Brown in my opinion is so under love and this just gives me old school Bobby Brown vibes. I purchased this from a cosmetic company store last year and this is the highlight and glow highlighting powder duo in Bare Glow and Opal Glow and look how pretty this is. I couldn't say no to it. It's just so beautiful but honestly, but I honestly haven't used this more than twice but it's a really pretty highlighter duo and it's so big and I need to pull this out because it's so pretty. This Glow Gasm Face Palette from Charlotte Tilbury. This is in Light Gasm. The darker one is in my mom's collection because it fits her better but I really like this. I don't love the bronzer but everything else I think is really nice to give you a very nice glowy cheek. I know I have some more Charlotte Tilbury palettes. I don't know. My other Charlotte Tilbury palettes I leave in my makeup kit so this is the only one that I kind of have for myself still but it's so pretty. So the last luxury palette that I have is from Pat McGrath Labs and this is the Sublime Skin Highlighting Trio and I actually posted a video about this a couple days ago where I told you I really wasn't that crazy as you guys would think I would be about this. I just want a champagne and I'm going to have these really are champagne. You have a pink one and then this gold one which is just pure gold and then you have that really bronzy one that I can't use for myself. I just think this is better fitted towards medium and deep skin tone and just not a color that I typically go for every day for highlighter. All right so next up we're going to move into the high end brands. So I'm going to start off with Becca. I have quite a lot from Becca. They have very nice face palette. So this one is a newer one for me. This is the Afterglow Sunset Palette and what I liked about this is that you get a lot of their popular formulas. So you have a bronzer, a champagne pop, flower child blush, snapdragon blush. I bought this from my makeup kit and I bought it off season and then obviously I'm not really doing artistry right now just because of the times. So this still hasn't been used. I need to put this in my makeup kit because I think it has some great colors. I actually purchased this from TJ Maxx because this didn't sell well but I think it is stunning. So throwback here is my Jaclyn Hill Palette which honestly this is a really good palette. This probably seemed better days but I don't know I just I can't get rid of it. I still like the colors. You have the classic champagne pop. It's a really really cute palette. It was a good one. This was from the good old days of Jaclyn Hill. We have the Becca and Chrissy Teigen Palette. This one I think is more suited towards medium skin tones. I did get a lot of use out of this and it still is a very nice palette. It just isn't geared towards my skin tone I would say but I make it work because oh my god Chrissy Teigen she's hilarious and the Becca formulas are just so good. We have the Be A Light Face Palette. This one isn't the best released from Becca but I actually really did like it. I don't think it's amazing and I don't grab for it maybe as often as I should and this is like a long gone forgotten palette but I liked it a lot. I really liked these two powders the most so this is an older random release from Becca that I enjoyed and last from Becca we have the Chloe and Malika Palette. You know what I'm thinking like Becca has not released anything good recently. This was a good palette. I really liked it. I liked the bronzer. I liked the highlight. The blush choppers were gorgeous as well. This is actually a legitimately very very good palette and Becca hasn't come out with anything really good since this palette but I liked this one a lot. We're gonna talk about Benefit now because I hoard all of these palettes but first we're gonna start off with the one from last year the Mini Bronze Squad Cheek Leader Trio so this has Hula and Cookie. These are all you need from Benefit. I could go without Gold Rush but this is the perfect portable little palette which is why I got it because I have all of the colors in here in other palette but I wanted something a little bit more travel friendly. Okay we're gonna take a blast into the past. I'm gonna show you the OG Cheek Parade which at this point most definitely needs decluttered but I just can't seem to get rid of it and this was a good one. This has some of the best colors but this is so old. A year after that the blush bar came out and this one is more warmer rosy tone colors. Still a lot of repeats but every year I just like to refresh a new one but still hoard the old ones. Cheek Leader's Pink Squad which was not my favorite of the two. I just I wasn't into I like Dandelion a lot and I like California and Hula these two. Tickle was a little too deep for me but the other one the Bronze Squad. I loved this one. This one still I think is my favorite one that has come out. I just love Coralista Cookie. They introduced the best highlighter ever in this palette. Hula could go without Hula Carmo but hey whatever great value. Really good palette and then the one that came out this year is the Cheek Stars Reunion Tour and I like this one. If you like more warmer peachy tones you're really going to like this year's. I just put this in my Sephora VIP sale recommendation because it is really good. You have Cookie Highlighter Hula Bronzer and I really like the Sugar Bomb blush as well so this one is a very good palette. So as you can see I love these. I buy these every year so that should tell you something. So let's get into ABH. I've collected quite a few highlighting palettes from them. So I have the Aurora palette which I will use like these weird shifty palettes every now and then for a look. I'll do like a blue look and I'll like I might as well grab from these. That's what keeps these iridescent highlighters around for me is just that I'll grab from them every now and then for my crazy look. I have Moon Child as well. I died for Moon Child when it came out because it was such a unique concept and again I grab for it every now and then and they are fun to have if you are doing like a really galactic or different kind of look I will grab for these. So these are actually useful. I have the OG Nicole Guerrero palette. I was going to buy a new one because I love this. The reason this doesn't look that useless because I didn't use it because I never wanted to run out and then I just ended up never getting used and I've been thinking about repurchasing a fresh one. I might for this Aurora sale honestly because this was one of my favorite palettes in college and even for like nostalgia purposes, why not you know? So I'm thinking about repurchasing this because I loved it so much and then I have two of the original glow kits here. So I have the Sweets glow kit which I never use. I do really like a butterscotch though. These might have seen better times honestly but sun dipped though. Look how stunning sun dipped is. These used to be huge so popular and they're just not anymore but they're really good highlights. I can't lie. So I have two palettes from Too Faced. The first one is this natural face palette and I really like this for travel. I brought this with me when I went to Spain last year and then when I went to Hawaii. It just has a solid bronzer, solid blush and okay highlights. I don't really like the highlights in here but it just has everything you need kind of in one palette so I don't use this really other than travel but it's a pretty good palette. So Canada can't lie if you can get it for like 50% off. It's a good deal. Fairly new. This is the Turn Up the Light highlighting trail and you guys have asked me what I think about this. I don't think it's all that great. I really don't like this powder right here. I can't set my face with it but I put it on my under eyes and I wanted to die. It was so ugly but the highlights are okay. I just don't think it's really worth the money. I'm not wowed by it but this is okay. It works. It just it looks a lot prettier than it worked. I also have two palettes from Tarte. Both of which I think it got from Boxy Charms honestly. So we have the Tartis Pro Glow. This is okay. I don't really grab for it that often if I'm being honest. It just kind of has really good staple colors though. So I've used this a few times, not too many. I just don't think anything in here is exceptional but it is generally a good palette. Like I would bring this to travel. Problem is I don't travel. And then I was so excited to receive this. This is the Parkab Princess palette and I eyed this for so long. I was so happy when it came in Boxy Charm and I don't like these powders. They emphasize some weird texture on my face. It's odd. I need to try it one more time and if it emphasizes the weird texture on my face again, I have to get rid of it because there's no point but it makes me really sad because I just love the whole look and vibe of this. I think it's so cool. So two palettes from Smashbox. I don't really care for Smashbox anymore but I mean how cool is this little blush palette and I made my mom search far and wide for this because I eyed it years ago for the holidays and my mom found it on eBay a couple years later and I was so excited because there's all these beautiful colors and I don't use it that often as much as I wish I could but it is a nice palette and I just love the colors in here especially. And then this one I bought at a cosmetic company store and it's kind of the same concept. This is a contour and spotlight palette and for me I figured this would be good for doing makeup on others and then I ended up not using it for doing makeup on others so I actually need to dig into this and see what I can do with this because looking in here right now there are some colors in here that I'm actually very interested in trying out and seeing how I can sculpt and contour the face of this. I have one blush palette from Sigma. This is just the blush cheek palette and I love this. This is honestly one of my favorite blush palettes. Nobody talks about this and they need to because it's stunning. Corduroza is one of my favorite blushes ever. Tiger Lily gives the most pretty sheen on the face. This is great for a purple eye. I just really really love this blush palette. Nobody's talked about it and it is amazing. I have this guy from Cover FX. This is the Perfecter Face Palette. I've used this a few times. I got this in a boxy charm before I canceled my boxy charm and honestly I'm very very attracted to this palette but I just don't use it like that. I think I need to bring it with me on like an overnight trip or something just to see what I can do with this palette but so far it hasn't wowed me but it's very attractive to me. Oh this is another really really good palette. This is the Jouer Bouquet de Mour blush palette. Again another one of my favorite most used blush palette. Jouer has a beautiful blush formula and they also have beautiful colors in their line. I just love every single one of these blushes. Everything about this palette is just amazing. I don't know if they still sell this anymore but it's awesome. I have this really old Alchemist palette from Kat Von D Beauty. I actually really really love this and used this a lot back in the day. This is kind of old probably as you can see could get rid of this. I've always been obsessed with the ultraviolet amethyst which is why I kept this around. I'm gonna have to play with this. I think it's time to declutter this if I'm being honest but I haven't used it in a while so I'll need to take a step back and take a look at that one. So we also have the Jaclyn Hill the Flash palette. These are really good highlighters. They are baked highlighters made in Italy and I'm not gonna lie I really like the formula of these. They do kind of remind me of the Hourglass highlighter formula. I think they're really stunning. They don't really emphasize too much texture and it's as much as a lot of you are going to hate to hear this. I mean it's a good formula of highlighter so I really enjoy this. I'll probably talk about this again in my highlighter palette so I'm gonna keep it moving. I'll probably talk about this again in my highlighter palette collection video so I'm going to keep it moving. Last kind of high-end palette this is a highlighting palette from the Balm and this is the luminizer squad. There was a time back in the day where the Balm was known for their highlighters. Mary Luminizer is what started it all. I really like Penny Luminizer. I don't use this as often as I nearly should but I purchased this last year because I'd never tried the Mary Luminizer and this just seemed like a good way to give the Balm a little bit of extra love and I don't know their products like nobody cares about their brand but the highlight's good. I really like this quad. All right so Beauty Baker I guess is a little bit more high-end but look how cool this palette is. So I keep it in the casing because it's so cute and also these cotton things make me nervous but this is the cotton candy champagne blush lighter palette. I purchased it at Morphe. I love this so much. It's the perfect blush chopper kind of palette or glowy cheek highlighter palette. I need to talk about this or demo in a video because I love this. It's so stunning and this is fairly new in my collection so I haven't really gotten the chance to talk about it but it's such a fun product. I need to go fast because my camera battery is dying. I have two blush palettes from Morphe. This is the 8C Cool Palette. I love these guys. These are such a good deal. These were underloved by Morphe. I think they're awesome. This is the 8 Warm so you have a warm and a pink and I'm not gonna lie these are very very good palettes. I like to keep them around. I have a thing for blush palettes and I really like these. From NYX I have this Sweet Cheeks blush palette. Again another really good drugstore blush palette. You just get a lot of different blush options. This one I definitely keep around if I ever go full face of drugstore products. I do enjoy these blushes. I think they're really good for the price. This is a really good palette, really cheap packaging but good product from Alomar. I've collected all of their Colorette blush trios here. These were really good so she has them for different skin tones so this is the fair to light one. This is the medium to tan which is my personal favorite so because the fair to light is really really light so I prefer this because I like a brighter cheek and then this one is what the darker one kind of looks like so these are really good blush palettes. I have the most subtle sheen. I really recommend these. The owners are really great as well. I also have their Brighton and bronze complexion trio. I have mine in the fair light and I love this. This was in my favorites. It's so good. This pale wear shade is my favorite contour color for my nose. I love this. These are really really good. She shows very good colors for this so this is legitimately one of my favorite products from them. I also have made a couple palettes from ColourPop. So these are ones that I've placed in here. I have one random bronze and one random highlight but the rest are blushes from the Caffeine Lights collection so I really like the blushes that she chose and I actually grab for this palette frequently. I enjoy the colors that I have in here and then I also have this palette right here. This is the Give Me More or Give Me More press highlighting palette from ColourPop. This is supposed to kind of replicate the Nicole Guerrero from ABH. I mean it might have been in a dozen but I think it's a genuinely really good highlighting palette and it's from ColourPop and I'm very very attracted to it. And then we have the last item. This is from Physicians Formula. This is the Butter Collection and Casey Holmes collaboration and I actually really really like this palette. I've honestly never used the eye shadows but I've used the cheek products and they're amazing. This highlighter is amazing and the blush is really pretty as well so I actually really love this. I hate the packaging. It's so chunky and cheap and I just ordered the Whaley and Physicians Formula one so I'm waiting for that to come in the mail but yeah I really like this. I think it's great. Right now I'm in the process of kind of organizing it because my camera died so I organized the setup. I have some more stuff laying around over here but that is all I have for today's video. That is my face palette collection. I hope you guys enjoyed it. I hope you guys are enjoying my collection series. If you would like to see more I have done all of my eye shadows from high end to luxury to really dirt cheap affordable. So thank you guys so much for watching. If you aren't subscribed to my channel yet I hope you guys take the time to do so and I will see you guys in the next one. Bye guys. Have a good one.

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Darrell Bricker - The Big Shift: The Battle between Old Canada and New Canada

The Arthur Kroeger College of Public Affairs and the Faculty of Public Affairs present Darrell Bricker on the topic "The Big Shift: The Battle between Old Canada and New Canada." This lecture was recorded on March 24, 2014.

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We are delighted that Dr. Ruth Bell is here with us tonight. Her accomplishments and awards are many and impressive. She has been inducted into the Trinity College Honor Society at the University of Toronto. She has received the Governor General's Award in commemoration of the person's case. In 2007, she was honored at the YMCA YWCA Women of Distinction Awards with a Lifetime Achievement Award. That same year, Dr. Bell established the Hon. Dick and Ruth Bell Chair for the study of Canadian parliamentary democracy here at Carleton. This created a prestigious new academic position in the Department of Political Science and thus opportunity for dedicated teaching and research into Canada's dynamic democratic system. In 2004, she published her memoirs entitled, Be a Nice Girl, A Woman's Journey in the 20th Century. For her generosity, commitment and dedication to the advancement of Carleton University and its values, Dr. Bell received Carleton's highest non-academic award, the Founder's Award at Convocation Ceremonies in June 2010. In May of 2009, Dr. Bell was honored with a degree of Doctor of Sacred Ladders from her alma mater, Trinity College, for her lifelong dedication to public service, education and family, with an emphasis on the status of women. As you will see by reading the program notes, these are about a few of Dr. Bell's achievements. They are testimony to the contribution she has made and continues to make to public debate. Please join me now in acknowledging her contributions to Carleton University and the larger community. Since 1992, the Bell lecturers have given distinguished Canadians an opportunity to speak on matters of politics and public policy. We're very privileged this evening to have as our speaker a best-selling author and highly sought-after media commentator who also happens to lead one of the world's top social research firm. To introduce him to you, I'd like to call upon Barry Wright, Associate Dean and Director of the Arthur Kruger College of Public Affairs. Barry? Thank you, Dean Plourde. As Dean Plourde noted, the Bell Lecture Series honors the contributions of distinguished Canadians active in public service and public affairs and provides an opportunity for them to speak on historical or current matters of politics and public policy. Dr. Daryl Bricker joins an illustrious list of Bell Lecturers, stretching from Robert Stanfield in 1992 to Richard Gwynn, who delivered the last Bell Lecture. Dr. Bricker is CEO for Ipso Global Public Affairs in Toronto, a firm that conducts social research, political polling, and corporate reputation research around the world. He began specializing in research methods, polling, and analysis as an undergraduate at Wilfrid Laurier University, and his university studies culminated here at Carleton University where he completed his PhD thesis in political science under the supervision of Professor Conrad Wynn. Dr. Bricker was recruited as Director of Public Opinion Research in the office of the Prime Minister in the Mulbrunni government and then moved on to the Angus Reed Group, which later merged with Ipsos, the world's second largest market research firm with offices in 85 countries and research staff of 9,000. In addition to his work as CEO of Ipsos Global Public Affairs, Dr. Bricker serves as a board member for the Laurier Institute for the Study of Public Opinion and Policy on advisory groups from the Toronto's Economic Development Committee, the Fort York Centre, the Royal Canadian Military Institute, and is also an honorary colonel of the Queens York Rangers Regiment. Dr. Daryl Bricker received an honorary LLD from Laurier University in 2010 and is regularly called upon to give media commentary. In addition to numerous articles he's published, five best-selling books, searching for certainty, what Canadians think about almost everything, what we know, we know what you're thinking, connectology, and most recently the Big Shift, which came out last year. The Big Shift, the seismic change in Canadian politics, business, and culture and what it means for a future is co-authored with John Ibbotson. When I was a history student at the University of Toronto in the 1970s, Donald Creighton's Laurentian thesis was still very influential and helped to inform contemporary understandings of Canadian political culture. Bricker and Ibbotson present a provocative challenge to the idea of a Laurentian consensus. Does it still exist? Does the rising power of the West, distinct suburban interests and the gravitation of immigrants groups to the right, mark a paradigm shift in Canadian political culture? Or at the very least, can we say these forces present a significant challenge to the Laurentian interests that have traditionally dominated Canadian political agendas? Please join me in welcoming Daryl Bricker to the stage for his lecture, The Big Shift, The Battle Between Old Canada and New Canada. Thank you very much, Barry. Good evening. Must be a boring evening here in Ottawa. Come out to see this. It's great to be back at Carleton University. I certainly don't remember digs like this when I was a student here at Carleton. As I look at some of my professors who were here at the time, I remember having a wonderful office in the low building on the sixth floor where political science is and it was literally a broom closet. It was so small that I had just some bricks on a small desk with a chair. I had another chair in the room that if I wanted somebody to come in and sit with me, I had to open the door and put the chair in the aisle, out the hallway outside of my office so somebody could sit there because I was the SPSS and computer consultant in the department for the time that I was here. People had to come and talk to me about their computer assignments so you'd have to sit in the hall while I sat in my little office. Thank you very much for having me here tonight. I'd like to begin by thanking the Bell family. Where'd she go? There she is. Dr. Bell, thank you very much for sponsoring tonight's lecture and my alma mater, Carleton University, for asking me to deliver it. When I look at the names of those who've previously given Bell lectures, it is to say the least an intimidating set of people. I am truly humbled to be among them. In fact, one of them is actually one of my co-authors. I wrote my first book with, so it kind of brings this a little full circle as well. Tonight's a bit of a homecoming for me. As you know, I'm a Carleton graduate. I earned my PhD in political science from this place in 1989. And what you might not fully appreciate, though, is how much Carleton changed my life. Why did I come to Carleton in a way in a word, propinquity? Propinquity means physical or psychological proximity. My reasoning at the time was that if you're interested in Canadian politics and government as I was, Carleton is the only place to be. And judging by the fact that we're here tonight talking about the big shift, which was written specifically about our national political conversation, I believe I was right in that choice. Frankly, I don't know if this book would have been written if I hadn't attended Carleton. That is the absolute truth. And I also know that the career that I've enjoyed for the last 25 years definitely wouldn't have happened. So thank you very much, Carleton University, not only on my behalf, but on behalf of my wife, Nina, and my daughter, Emily, and we wouldn't have what we have today if I didn't have the good fortune of attending Carleton. Thank you very much, Carleton. So let's move on to the big shift. Whereas what one critic described is a little book that I wrote with my good friend from the Globe and Mail, John Ibbotson. The book, The Big Shift, the seismic change in Canadian politics, business, and culture, and what it means for our future. I humbly claim credit for the title, but as far as the second part of it, the subtitle, I don't think either one of us were thinking that well. It's a bit wordy and it doesn't really work. The Big Shift concept I actually do claim credit for. But let me just say that it seemed like a really good idea at the time when we wrote that subtitle. I wish we could drop it at this point. But how did the Big Shift come to be? It was born of mutual frustration. Both John and I were peaked by what we believed was a complete mischaracterization of our May 2011 national election campaign by people who we both believed should have known better. But as we shared our frustration, we came to realize that those who should have known better, in fact, did not. Why was this the case and who was responsible for losing the plot? We had an explanation. It was a group that we call in our book, The Laurentian Elite, and their shared vision of our national narrative, which we call the Laurentian Consensus. However, as our Laurentian friends have pointed out to us, they are surprised to be included in an elite group that they didn't know existed and even more surprised to be told that they share a common vision that they didn't know that they had. An explanation is clearly in order, so let's start with the elite. Who are they? From the time of Confederation until quite recently, they ran Canada. They are the political, academic, cultural media and business elites in the communities along the St. Lawrence River. On all the great issues of the day, these Laurentian elites, debated among themselves, reached a consensus and implemented that consensus. The Laurentian elite governed us and for the most part, we argue in the book, governed us very well. Canada is a great country and we have the Laurentian elite to thank for it. They guided us through two terrible wars and lost an infrastructure revolution in the 1950s that created the highways and airports we still use today. They also created a healthcare system that many Canadians see as our defining achievement as a nation. They patriated and modernized our colonial constitution and created the independent Canada that we all cherish today. Issue after issue, decade after decade, the Laurentian elite shaped the public policy arc of our nation. Its members were and are few enough that most of them know or knew each other. At first they were largely British stock and largely Protestant as well. Though any bias against French, Catholics or Jews just wasn't tolerated for long. Indeed, agreement between the French and English elites was essential and whenever it was not obtained, things went badly. They were for the most part from the upper ranks of the middle class, though the membrane was permeable. They were almost invariably small L Liberals who voted for the large L party. Indeed, the Liberal Party of Canada gave us some powerful manifestation of the Laurentian elite and their consensus. If that's the elite, what's their consensus? Today's version is based on a common set of assumptions about Canada that were a fragile nation. By the way, you can see this in all the excitement about national unity reemerging. It's like watching all these people, it's like getting the band back together, right? We're all excited. Oh my God, we can talk about national unity again because it is their animating, animating issue. I love the national unity issue. So they believe that we're a fragile nation. That the federal government's job is to bind the country together that would otherwise fall apart without their subtle hand, their subtle guidance. That the biggest challenge is keeping Quebec inside confederation and that the poorer regions must forever stay poor propped up by the richer parts of the country. That our national identity, whatever it is, must be protected from the American juggernaut and that Canada is a helpful fixer in the world, a peacekeeper, a joiner of all the best clubs. Most of all these elites assume that their version of the country is still the country and that they still run it as they always have run it in the past. Ironically, it's Canadian tolerance, the tolerance that was created by the Laurentian elite which planted the seeds of their own destruction. The cultural accommodation that was necessary for French and English Canadians to get along has made it possible for people of diverse backgrounds to live together in the Canada that we celebrate today. Open door immigration combined with multicultural tolerance represents the finest achievement of the Laurentian elite. It's also helped to do them in. If the Laurentian elite and their consensus is the past, what's the future? To me, the story can be found in numbers. What's perplexing to me is that these numbers are not in dispute and are all easy to find. But for some reason, maybe it's denial, nostalgia, maybe a little bit of laziness, we pay little attention to them. Let's start with our first number. And that number is 1.7. 1.7 is the average number of children a Canadian woman has today during her fertile years. To have a sustainable, healthy population we need at least 2.1. That's one to replace you, one to replace your partner, and a little bit extra for those who won't or can't have kids. At just 1.7, we're almost half a baby short. Why are birth rates dropping in Canada, but also in so many other countries? The baby decline is driven by changing choices for families created by a combination of urbanization and education. On the farm, children are an economic asset. In the city, kids are an expense. Educated and urbanized parents have fewer kids. And Canada is a very urbanized country. Over 80% of us live in cities and towns. In fact, the last decade in which half of us lived in rural areas was the 1920s. Having a low birth rate is a huge challenge. Let's take the case of Japan. Its birth rate is just 1.4. There are more than half a baby short. In 2012, Japan's population was just over 127 million. By 2015, it will drop by 25%. And the remaining Japanese are getting older every year. An aging population is an expensive population. More money is needed for an increasing healthcare and pension expenses. And since most people are counting on selling their home to pay for their retirement, who will be the homebuyers in Japan? The effects of birth rates are shown and I'm going to show you just a couple of figures because I think I have an obligation to show you some statistics since that's what I do. Sorry about that. For those of you who wanted to see something more interesting, but this is the Canadian population in 1961. So the year I was born, it's the last year of the baby boom. Up the center of the charter, ages. So if you read along it, that's the number of people who are at that age in the Canadian population in 1961. Men are on the left and women are on the right. This is a healthy, expanding population. There are lots of children being born to support and replace the people at the top. We're falling off at the top of the pyramid. And I won't say why they're falling off. I'll let you come to that conclusion on your own. Here's our population in 2011. Our pyramid has become a vase shaped like this. The big bulge you see in the middle is the baby boom. You'll also notice it bulges out more in the middle than at the bottom of the pyramid. This is a Japanese problem. This is what 1.7 looks like. These two charts show a potential population crisis. Yet Canada has the fastest growing population in the G8. Why is this? By the way, take a look at Germany, Japan, and Russia in terms of their population growth. They're slipping back. Why is this happening in Canada? In a word, immigration. Canada now tracks about a quarter million immigrants a year. Every year. This is more per capita than any other major developed country. To put this into context, and just think about this. Put this into context. It's a new Toronto every decade that comes to this country. A new Toronto every decade. And we've been seeing this last level of immigration for at least two decades. So last 20 years, two new Toronto's have moved to Canada. And there's no sign it will stop. In 2010, the UN said that 214 million people lived outside of their country of birth. But only 3% of them are refugees. So it's not that people are moving all over the place because they're being forced out of their home countries due to war or famine. They're moving for economic advantage. This is the emergence of a new mobile global middle class. They're ready to move and they have the skills to hit the ground running. Canada's big advantage is that they see us as a successful and stable country. And they also see us as tolerant of those coming from outside of our founding cultures. Which makes the Quebec issue with the values charter so problematic for the province of Quebec. They have a birth rate of 1.72. They need immigrants. Appearing intolerant to the people you need is a problem for you. And as a result, the Quebec population is not attracting their proportion of immigrants. Just like the other parts of the country are actually Atlantic Canada isn't, but particularly Toronto in the west. And we'll get into that in just a second. But who can we thank for this? Well, it's the Laurentian consensus. They created this possibility for an immigrant, an open immigration and the level of tolerance that we have in our country. It's their greatest achievement, as I said before. Our new immigrants are definitely outside of the frowning English, French and Aboriginal cultures. Where are they coming from? Here's a comparison of immigration sources in Canada for 1970 and 2010. Let's take a second and just take a look at that. I could have given you 1980 and you'd still see that the UK was at the top of the list. In fact, the number one immigrant group today wasn't even on the chart in 1970. And as far as the Chinese immigrants are concerned there, the Chinese that were coming over in 1970 were all coming basically from Hong Kong. Now it's less than 0.01% that are coming from Hong Kong. They're all coming from the mainland. As you can see, our new immigrants don't look like our founding cultures or even like previous waves of immigrants. They're mostly from the Philippines, India and China. They are less Atlantic and more Pacific in their orientation and that's a key point. They have a Pacific orientation and they are much more likely to be visible minorities. Returning to the Laurentian vision of Canada, immigration is really challenging the idea that we're comprised of three major population groups. The English, the French and Aboriginal communities. And that these groups will forever define our culture. Of the three founding cultures, the one that's having the hardest time maintaining its position in Canada today are Aboriginal Canadians. There's just over 600,000 status Indians in Canada today and which doesn't include the Métis in New York people as we all know since that's in a certain amount of dispute right now, but only about 300,000 actually live on reserves. What's about the equivalent of one year's worth of immigration? Think about that. One year's worth of immigration. Yes, the Aboriginal population is young and has a higher birth rate than the general population, but they start from a small base and their growth will slow over time with increased urbanization and education. The Aboriginal birth rate used to be as high as six. It's now down to just over two. So that's going to be changing as well. If there's a deal for the Aboriginal community, now's the time to get it because your population is going to shrink, shrink, shrink. A similar predicament faces the other two major heritage groups, the English and the French. Their respective share of the Canadian population is also shrinking. What does this mean for important national goals? For example, like bilingualism, which I always enjoy when I come here to Ottawa. Truth be told, only 17.5% of Canadians report that they can carry on a conversation in French and English. 17.5, less than 1 in 5. My research shows that the number of Canadians who believe that they can do their job equally well in the other official language is actually less than half that. It's about 8. Think about that. 8% of the population to fuel our federal public service. Bilingualism hit a wall in 2011 because new immigrants who mostly adopt English as their preferred official language are driving our population growth. How are we going to maintain a bilingual public service in Canada that's capable of providing services in both official languages from coast to coast to coast? Do we really believe that a public service drawn from such a narrow segment of the population can adequately serve Canada in the future? No wonder the Harper government had such a hard time finding bilingual Supreme Court justices and a bilingual auditor general. It's only going to get harder in the future. They're drawing from 8% of the population. Much of this wouldn't matter if immigrants choosing Canada decided to move equally across the country, but that's not happening. They're moving to where the jobs are. That's the Toronto suburbs, especially the 905 area code. So that's the telephone area code around the city of Toronto and Western Canada. So while Canada used to be an Atlantic country, it is increasingly a Pacific country. That's because most immigrants are now coming from Pacific nations and our population is shifting west. And this is what this looks like. Let's take a second and contemplate that. If I put the prairies up for just the last 10 years, you'd see they're moving way ahead as well. Atlantic Canada shrinking, Quebec is shrinking, Ontario, the growth is slowing down. Most of the growth in the country is in the prairies in British Columbia, especially Alberta. To me, this is the big shift in a single slide. And there are huge implications to this. Let's take a look at our major cities just for a second. Now outside of a war, that number of people moving to a place like Calgary is a massive displacement of population for no other reason than people seeking economic advantage. But take a look at Montreal and take a look at Calgary. By the way, percentage of the population that's foreign born in Montreal? 20. Percentage of the population that's foreign born in Toronto? 50. Percentage in Calgary? Pushing into the 30s now. Halifax? 5. Ottawa? 18. I described Ottawa, turning into Colonial Williamsburg. Not attracting a lot of immigrants. Still in a place where you kind of hang on to this tradition of bilingual people who are running things, a public service that never circulates. It's the same people all the time. It's becoming like an artifact of what Canada used to be. Because the rest of the country is moving on. I hope that was it for my slides. No more reading of slides, you listen to me now. I've proved my point. So where does this bring us as a nation? A country that was once white is becoming brown. A country that was once part of the Atlantic world is becoming part of the Pacific world. The provinces and groups that matter the most don't matter as much anymore. The country has, centre has shifted west and power has shifted with it. In fact, power is now shared by two groups in Canada. Western Canadians and immigrant middle class residents of the 905. I'm going to talk about Canadian politics in just a second, but I want you to keep that last group, immigrant middle class residents of the 905 in mind through all of this. Because if you can't win them, you cannot win now. They decide our elections. One area where you can see the impact of these population shifts is our national politics. We have a nationalist election system based on representation by population. All our political science students here know that. Regions that have the most people get the most seats in the House of Commons. That's the way it works. To understand the impact of our shifting population, let's go back to the federal election of May 2011. That spawned this book. To John and me, that election was a fracture in time, like BC versus AD. It was the birth of a new Canadian politics. We all know what happened. The Conservatives won a majority. But it would be wrong to attribute this result simply to the combination of Conservative tactical brilliance or viciousness The impact of Jack Leighton's smiling face are the dark, dark tragedy of the Liberal campaign. That's the Laurentian perspective on what happened. Rather, this was all about the emergence of a new, decisive coalition in Canadian politics. This new coalition is comprised of middle-class voters in the 905 who are increasingly new immigrants and Western and rural voters. What brought together the Conservative coalition? The answer is that their message of low taxes, sound finances, and economic growth, combined with an emphasis on law and order, convinced a large slice of 905 immigrant voters that they shared the same values with rural voters and voters in the West. They brought together Old Canada and New Canada. So New Canada's suburban, immigrant, multicultural, middle-class, found common cause with Old Canada, the white and often rural people descended from the original settler cultures. Now think for a moment about what you know about Canadian politics. It's all about winning votes in Quebec and Ontario. Right? That's how you win. If you can do that, you win a comfortable majority government. Not so much anymore. The Conservatives won a comfortable majority in 2011 with only five seats in Quebec. In fact, Quebec has not voted for a national government since 1988. Now let's fast forward to 2015 in our next federal election. There are currently 308 seats in our House of Commons. Before the next election, another 30 will be added for a total of 338. All but three of these 30 seats are in Ontario and the West, where we've seen the largest growth in population. That's how our system works. Clearly the new coalition has the potential to be even more decisive next time out, leaving aside what you're seeing in the polling right now. In fact, I would argue that Stephen Harper and the Conservatives could win a majority with a smaller percentage of the vote the next time, because most of these seats benefit them because they're in the suburbs. And I know everybody goes crazy right now about how well Justin Trudeau is doing. He's got about like five point lead, but when you really take a look at his numbers, what you see is that he's in the 50s in Atlantic Canada, in the 50s. I know incumbency is a huge factor in those particularly in rural elections, so they're not going to win all 32 seats. Remember, there's only 32 seats in Atlantic Canada. There's more than that around the city of Toronto. So what's he going to win there? 20? Let's go to Quebec. John Cratchin won 29 seats, I believe, at his High Watermark in 2000. Somebody can correct me on that if you've got better numbers than me, but it was around that, I seem to remember. Three-way shootout right now in the province of Quebec. The BQ is coming back a little bit, particularly as a result of the provincial election. The Liberals and their NDP are both in the game. So what's Trudeau going to win? 30? 35? Let's give them 35. Okay, 20 plus 35 equals 55. Let's go to Ontario. Ontario, the Conservatives and the Liberals are basically tied right now. The Liberals look stronger because they're winning a lot of votes in downtown Toronto, where they're already winning. How many seats is he going to win in Ontario? 40, 50? Let's add it up. 20, 35, 55. Let's give them 45. Whatever that adds up to, 90. He's got to find another 80 seats in order to win a majority election. Can you tell me where the 80 are? I can't think of where they are. He's got a tough row to hoe. And Stephen Harper's vote just got more efficient because of those 30 new seats that were added to the House of Commons. It's going to be a competitive election. Not saying he's going to win, but I'm saying that the odds-makers are laying it on the wrong odds right now because they're not looking at what I just told you. They're looking at national polling, which doesn't mean anything. As we say in the big shift, the new Conservative Coalition isn't about one election. The Conservatives have the potential to be to the 21st century what the Liberal Party was to the 20th to the 20th century, the National Governing Party. As long as immigrants keep moving to this country, as long as they keep moving to the 905 and as long as they keep moving to the west, that's the trend. Each week, a lifetime in politics, since we submitted the final draft of the big shift to our editors at Harper Collins. During that time, a troublesome problem involving several Conservative senators and their expenses has metastasized into a life-threatening scandal that could prove fatal to Stephen Harper as Prime Minister. Even as the Liberal Party of Justin Trudeau enjoys levels of popular support, not since Sincere and John Crutch stepped down in 2003. I mean, the Liberals have not been that high since that point. So it's right and proper that these events have led some politicians, pundits, professors, and others to ask whether the thesis we advanced in the big shift remains valid. How can we say that the Conservative Party will be to the 21st century with the Liberal Party, Canada's natural Governing Party, west of the 20th century when the Conservatives appeared doomed to defeat in the next election? As I've already said, I'm not so sure that they're doomed to defeat based on how the numbers actually look. We believe that our thesis remains as valid today as it was when we wrote it and will remain valid for a long time to come. The big shift that we talk about refers to the massive shift in Canada's population from east to west. It refers as well to the enormous influx over the past two decades of immigrants from Asia and the Pacific region who are more Conservative in their outlook than European settlers of the 19th and 20th century and who have settled in large numbers in the suburban cities surrounding Toronto. Their Conservative values unite those immigrants and other suburban voters in Ontario with voters in rural Canada and the west. Together, these voters form a new Conservative coalition, one that is available to any politician who can legitimately appeal to their concerns. An overriding focus on the economy, a drive for smaller government, and an emphasis on law and order. It's a really simple agenda. Really simple. Now, I know everybody's talking about the middle class right now. I don't know why the Liberals have become obsessed with this but they have become obsessed with it. I'll just give you a little polling data to help you think this one through. So you go and you ask Canadians which party would do the best understands the middle class, NDP by six. Then you go and ask them which party would do the best job of taking care of the middle class if they got into power, NDP by two. Then you ask them, here's a series of government programs that we could bring into place to help the middle class. Or would you prefer a tax cut? Tax cut wins six to four. Sounds like a very convoluted message set to deal with for me. Very difficult issue set to deal with for me. I actually like the economy, smaller government, and an emphasis on law and order. If you can't sell somebody on being able to do that better than the current Conservatives with 905 immigrant voters, you're going to have a hard time beating them. Even to the extent that people are dissatisfied with Stephen Harper right now. By the way, government approval levels still over 40. I know based on doing this on an international basis we looked at 200 elections, and I think more than 30 countries at Epsos because we can do that. And we found that governments that had approval levels of 40 to 45 percent when it was an incumbent that was running again, 180 percent of the time. That doesn't mean they're going to win a majority. It might be a minority, but they still the process favors incumbents. So as I said, it's going to be a competitive election. We also say that this new coalition, especially in suburban Toronto immigrant part isn't available exclusively to the Conservatives. And this is the part that needs to be really emphasized, I think, for the other two parties. It can also be tapped by the Liberals or the NDP. If they can find a way to legitimately appeal to this group's core values. It remains our view that, given the nature of the values at play, these voters match up more easily with politicians on the right. You want to know why Rob Ford won in Toronto? This is why. And here's the truth about Rob Ford. Say what you can about his personal behavior or whatever. The election in which he won he drove up voter turnout by 10 points over the John Tory David Miller election which was the competitive election that took place before that and won half the vote. He just didn't win. He smoked George Smitherman. Wasn't even close. Is he going to win again? No. Although 40% of the population still approve of his agenda. When you put him on a ballot with anybody else he loses, Olivia Chow is actually looking pretty strong right now. But the truth is that small agenda, taking care of taxpayers' money, based on the size of government, that agenda still sells. And if Rob Ford didn't have all these personal behavior issues going on right now, he would probably win in a walk. Because that's the new Canada, folks. Not necessarily something that wins in Ottawa but it wins in Toronto. And Toronto's bigger. Didn't say it was better so it was bigger. Toronto was a great town to live in. We also argue that there is a nascent progressive coalition emerging that diligently assembled could defeat the Conservatives. But we continue to believe that as long as the progressive vote remains split between the NDP and the Liberals, especially if the New Democrats continue to enjoy a new floor of about 25% where they are consistently, which is higher than their former ceiling. They used to never get over 20. I've been doing this for a long time. The Conservative Party of Canada has a natural advantage going into any given election. Opposition is divided. Tories have a better vote with the growing part of the voter poll. To be clear, nowhere in the big shift do we say that the Conservative Party must win every election going forward, including the next one. Every election is a contest filled with variables, which is what makes them so much fun to watch. I mean, anything can happen. Look what's happening in Quebec now. What I would say though is that the demographic shifts that are transforming our politics give the advantage to the Conservatives today just as previous shifts once gave the advantage to the Liberals. We believe that the Conservative Coalition is now the largest, most coherent, and most stable of any available. And that coalition will only grow stronger as Canada's population continues to shift west and more new arrivals from China, India, and the Philippines flood our cities. Some critics have chastised us for what they say as a hint of triumphalism. I don't even know what that means necessarily, but in the big shift, a celebration of this new increasingly Conservative Canada. It is true that we believe our country is stronger and more confident that at any time in our history we are also aware of the new fault lines that threaten to undermine our national purpose. The conflict between the city and the suburbs, between east of what we'll call the Ottawa River Curtain and the west. Between aspiring new arrivals and sometimes resentful native-born people, we alert readers to these fault lines and warn about their potential consequences throughout the book. These are the new agenda items for the future as the country continues to transform. Finally, while we assert that the influence of the Laurentian elites as we call the traditional governing class of Central Canada is on the wane, we also greatly admire the country that they built. The debt of every Canadian to those who shaped this nation over the span of nearly 150 years is tremendous. They set up what we're now enjoying today, but as I said before, with also their embracing of liberal immigration and multiculturalism, they created the plant of the seeds of their own demise. Lawyers advise their clients to try and reach a settlement before the case goes to the jury because juries are unpredictable. So are voters. Boy, don't we know that. Anybody who did polling in British Columbia knows that for sure. Guilty a start. The jury is still out on the election of 2015. What we believe that the big shift catalogues the forces that will be at play, we strongly advise that you pay attention to them where you risk being misled by the old narratives and home truths that no longer apply. Thank you. Well, on behalf of Dr. Ruth Bell and Carleton University, I'd like to thank Daryl Bricker again for presenting a challenging and very, very important set of ideas. We're the addition, I think, to the line of Bell Lecture speakers, and we have two guests as a token of our appreciation. One from Dr. Bell, her book, Be a Nice Girl. Well, I think we need to give them a round of applause. I've always wanted to be a nice girl myself, so this is good. And this is from the Faculty of Public Affairs. Well, thank you very much. A real pleasure to be here tonight, folks. Thank you, everybody, for taking the time to come out. I look forward to talking to you in the reception. Thank you.

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Capacitors Part 1

#NEET #JEE, #JEEADV, #CentumAcademy #JEE2020 This Video Series cater to the needs of aspirants of KVPY, JEE Mains and Advanced. A step by step guide to ace these examinations is what an aspirant needs. CENTUM ACADEMY’s e-learning modules have been designed to help students get a structured approach towards preparation for examinations like KVPY, JEE Mains and JEE Advanced. You can let us know if you want to get video sessions on specific topics by mentioning the same in Comments Section. Enjoy Learning!!! Do also visit www.centum.learnyst.com for mock tests and topic wise Daily Practice Sheets.

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तोस्तो आज हम जो तोपिक चालू करनेवाल है, उसका नाम है केपैसिटर्स ये केपैसिटर्स जो तोपिक है, इसके पहले अप देखेंगे की, इलेक्रो स्ताटिक्स में जितने भी तोपिक्स अभी दख हुए है, उसमें मेकैंनिक्स ब्धे बाराग Tucs भ्डिया ऑाम से भुल मिल जाते है, And a lot of numerals can be used to make mechanics and electrostatic concepts. तो अगर की सिएक चक करने है, जब कापैसिटर्स, यह आपको अपको ये लेक्रो स्वाल अच्छे से आता है या नहीं, स्य incomplete ऋो वो स्व़死 a पनी या गाँ पखे बाडरन की ना है। वंस को कर आनकेंगा या बहुत लिला आप है पनि की Williams तो उसी में पानी आरा है, तो इसले जो है, in order to control the flow rate of usage of the water, हम लोग बकेट यूज करते हैं, और इसले हम पानी को स्थोर करते हैं, similarly, केपासिटर भी दोस तो जब हम को कंत्रोल करना होता है, for example, मुझे चाही है, देर सार करन, मुझे चाही है, करी 50 ampere current चाही है, तो भी सपलाई तो होता नहीं है, 50 ampere current तो हम लोग क्या कर सकते हैं, चाहाज को स्थोर कर सकते हैं जगे जगे और एक दम सुस को दिस्चाज कर देंगे तो बहुत सारा करन फलोग हो जाएगा, तो जो दिस्चाज है, ये एक बहुत युस्फुल चीज है, इसको अगर ये इसको इसको अगर इसको हम आजा फलाईष लाईट भी युस कर सकते हैं, क्योंकि ये लाईट जं़रेट करेगी, और आपने मुझे लगरा में तो देखा ही होगा, की बई जैसे किसी को हाड अगर अगर आता है, तो उसको दीफ्पआबब्रिश़र से इसतरै से दोकटर है, वूएक चेस्ट में तो केपैसेटर के पेट्चेटर से रग देता है, तो जोगे केपैसेटर दिस्चाज होगा था है, तो बगध सरा करेंट तुसके च्येस्स में, फ्लो होता है और देरी तो पोस्विलिटी देख देरे रागें स्थार्ट थो फ्नश्यन अगर थो इन्सान है अगर यह फिल करनट उकता है तो इसले है, कापासितर इस तरे के शनारिो में, भगत यूस्फल है उंगा काम यह दोस्तो कि बही अगर वोल्टेज बहुत ज़ादा फलक्चूट करे तो उसको रेगूलेट करना और चाज भी श्टोर करने के लिए हम एस को युस कर सकते हैं अब यह होता कैसे हैं अब हम को चाज ष करना है, आब को क्या रख ते? ता कैसे चाज को चाज को स्टोर कर सकते हैं,आब को चाज दे दे दी लिए कि आ वह थ वह छाथ से उचाज ब उदहागे हैं। अप से लिक्त्रून लिएगा अगर पोज़़ी चाज है। और इद्टिल गेट नूटलाएष्टू तो आप उसो कैसे एक सेझप तरीके से च्टोर कर सकते हैं उस चाज को अगर आप मेटल में लाल दें, तो क्या होगा लिक्च के चाज से बहुत आसानी है, बुध आसानी से एक न चाज लूईज कर सकता है। लेकिन तोस तो अगर मैं दो मेटल सर्फेस लेलूँ, ग़ा, समज लिए गे में आशे लेलूँ, डो मेटल इख पीस लेलूँ, यहा पे में पस्तिली चाज दे दोछाज दे देखा जद देखा। वहता गदिर थों आप दुसरे को एसे बानद के रहें गे तो यहा पर टापी टापी यहा एक जुसरे को वह क्णावाओ एक अगर में यहाँ से कुज तच भी करादू तो भी जो है यहाँ से कुज भी तच करादू ये चाज फलो नहीं होगा क्यों कि चाज इस अट्रक्छन की वजे से पकड के रख हाँ आज ट्रेग तो ये एक यूजफल तरीका है चाज को स्टोर करनेका स्टोर करनेका मतला भी है कि मैं उसको अच्छे से रख सगूगु कमफतेबली और बाद में यूजख कर सगूगु अगर मैं उसको स्टर्फ एक ही मजल सरफेष में डालता हूँ तो चाज आराम से लीक हो जाएगा तो स्टोर करनेका मतला भी क्या होगा तो सब से पहले उसकी क्या चीज जाननी की कोषिज करेंगे उसी केपैसिती फाईं तो फर इख्जामपल अगर आपके वस बकेट है आप आप ने समझ लिज़े की तो बकेट ली एस तरे की बकेट ली और एक जो है ये बकेट लेग ली अगर इंका हाईट मेजर नहीं कर सकते ना आप ये मेजर कर सकते है की ये दार इसका जो सरकमफरेंच ये बेस का वो कितना है तो आप किस तरीके से अंडाजा लगाएंगे की इं दोनो की केपैसिती रफली कितनी है क्या आपके पास कोईट तरीका है अज्यूं कर लिजे की तोनो का हाईट सेम है और मैंने आपको एक वाटर बोटल देदी जिस में एक लिटर पानी बरावा है तो क्या आप एक अंडाजा दे सकते है की केपैसिती तोनो की किस रेशियो में है और कितना केपैसिती हो सकती है अगर आप वो वन लिटर पानी इस में डाल देंगे तो एसा कुछ सीन होगा और यहा डालेंगे तो क्यो की एर्या जादा है बेस का तो हो सकता है सरफ इतना हुपर है और अगर ये एच तु है और ये एच वन है क्या और मैंने सेम आमांड अप पानी क्यो मंड न पानी यहा मैं डाला और ये हां मैं डाला तोगर क्रुट यो बी मुझ दिला अचकुत छिग। ौर डाला एक शाल मुझ क्रुट रार कूत बी है। ये दिखिर आठूं चिए डगै। अगर जूभी मुझ तीह न ड़ाला ला परकषे वुर। तो ये कुन्स्तेंट मैं ये बोल रहूं कि ये जो कुन्स्तेंट है ये उसका जादा होगा जिसकी केपैसिती जादा है कैसे? बै इसकी केपैसित जादा है No question about it. तो इसका हीट कम होगा, अगर हीट कम होगा ये दोनो के केस में सेम है, तो अतमेटिकली सी की वेलिव जादा होगी, तो इसतरे से मैंने केपैसिती एक तरे से दिफाइं कर दी है, इन केस अब बुकेट, तो अब अम सिमले देफिनिष्यन योज करेंगे दोस तो केपैसिती अप केपैसितेंट दिफाइं करने के लेए, अब आप के पास लिकन �idity दोनो के बीच मैं, एक प्तूंचल दीट होका अगर श्बस छए ब्रुट interfering la, और ज़ोकonian ज़ोकन अब, कि दीट वேمमों चाच़ु ख़ूए, ड़ए लेगा चाचच्छ stability रफ मैंने, अभ बगोगेि है। या प्लुस् क्यु या मानेश क्यु जो है इसले होगा किईकी भाई यापर हमलों के गाँजें सर्फेस अजुम कर सकतें इसको तुर अदिट करना बड़ागा माल इसे या प्लुस् क्यु है और यहापे मानेश क्यु है तिके आया ये में बोल सकता हो, कि जूबी पृटन्चल दीखच्रैंस है, इस प्यषग मैं बोल सकता हों। अगर में बोलु is equal to य凸 क्ष्टेंटंटेंखान्चायम से चुँ जो भी पृटन्च्रेंच्रेंस है, अगर में यस तरह से बोलु कि चूँ is equal to, some constant times V. तो क्या ये सिमलर केस है, जब हम बकेट यूस कर रहते है पोटेंचल दिफरेंची जगे क्या ता, हाईट दिफरेंच था, फाईट क्यु की जगे क्या ता, चाज की जगे, अमांड़ वाटर पुटिन था,

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⚽︎ Inside America's Premier Soccer Coaching Company 🇺🇸

In this video, Leo shares his experience working for one of the largest soccer coaching companies in the United States and what business lessons you can learn from those experiences. Leo is an expert in Soccer Business development and business expansion with more than 15+ years of experience working in the football industry. ☎️ SCHEDULE A 1-1 Strategy Call with Leo: https://calendly.com/makemoneycoachingsports/call-with-leo ✉️️ Email LEO directly with questions makemoneycoachingsports@gmail.com 📥 Get LEO's weekly FREE Newsletter here: https://buildmysportsbiz.mykajabi.com/leo 👍 Like us on Facebook: Make Money Coaching Sports ✅Follow us on Instagram: Make Money Coaching Sports Leo, a dedicated entrepreneur, consultant, and football coach, is deeply passionate about the field of football business. Since 2021, Leo has been working privately 1-1 with football trainers, specializing in areas such as client acquisition, sales, marketing, and player development. If you're eager to connect with Leo, the quickest method is to schedule a one-on-one call with him through the provided link above. Have business questions? Feel free to reach out!

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What's up coach? Welcome back to our channel. So today I want to talk about my experience in UK Elite Soccer. So the purpose of this video is to give you guys a little bit of an insight what it was like working for UK Elite Soccer and how you can take the things that I'm about to share with you today and implement them into your business. Right? So the purpose of this video is to talk about the positives that I took from working for one of the biggest soccer coaching companies in the United States and also how I took some of those things into my own business and how you can implement those things into your training business to get to the next level. So hopefully you enjoy this video and if you haven't yet subscribe to the channel. So for those that don't know my background I spent six and a half years, almost seven years out in the United States living and coaching working for a company called UK Elite Soccer. Now that company at that time were in the top three biggest soccer coaching companies in the entire country. We were in over seven states. We had a customer base of in the millions and huge, huge company, great experience to work for. And the video, the purpose of this video is going to give you a couple of insights into what it was like working for them. They currently rebranded. They're no longer called UK Elite Soccer. They're now called, I believe, Still United or Still Soccer, one of the two. But I haven't worked for them in a while, obviously. But I spent seven great years out in the United States living, working, coaching for them. And I'm going to take the five best things that I learned from working at UK Elite and how you can implement those things into your soccer training business so you can take it to the next level, improve it. And if you want to work with me or you want to learn more how to get my help, visit the description below. That will be the best way for us to connect. Now, the first thing that I really enjoyed and I thought that added a lot of value to me as a coach working at UK Elite was the PD sessions or PD events that the company used to host. So professional development events or sessions were moments where one of the management team would come out and evaluate us on the coaching field. So every two to three weeks, one of our regional managers would come out and watch us coach, give us feedback, and we would take that feedback and obviously improve as a coach to become more efficient. Now, as well as that, we used to do a seasonal PD event. So sometimes we would head up to the headquarters, which at the time were in New Jersey, and we would do staff training events. So at the start of the summer, when it was going to be a very busy year at the time of the year, we would all head up to the New Jersey office and do a staff orientation week to prepare ourselves for the summer. We would do a regional one for the spring and the fall autumn season. So the things that I enjoyed about this and how you can implement this into your business is that if you have staff, it's really good every so often to provide feedback on their training or how they're doing. That way, they can continuously learn from you, you're providing value to them as a coach, and they are developing when at your company. Now, if you're a coach that runs a business by yourself, you might be thinking, right, well, I can't really evaluate myself every now and again. But the truth is, well, you can, you can sit down and analyze your training sessions. What did I do well? What did I do well? And you can improve that way. But also attending BD events or CBD events in your local area. It might be through your local football association. It might be through your club that you might be coaching at or just other events within your area that are football soccer related events that you can go to improve, not just as a coach, but also as a business owner. Because I feel that a lot of the time coaches, they spend a lot of time improving their coaching skills, but they don't spend enough time developing their business skills, which, if you are a business owner, you need to develop on a daily basis to get better at the game of business. So that was the first lesson. And the first thing I really enjoyed about working for UK League was the CBD events, right, the professional development events, coach professional development events that we used to have at the company. And these are things that you can implement with your staff. Or if you run a business by yourself, you can go to events or kind of evaluate your training on your business skills on a regular basis. Now, the second thing that we did really well at the company were we built partnerships with Rec departments. So a lot of the camps, the clinics that we used to run in our area were with or in partnership with recreational departments. So the state I was in were at the time was was in Maryland. And what we used to do, we used to partner up with our local Rec departments, and we used to run weekly coaching clinics for players or parents that want soccer within that area. So Monday to Friday, we used to do clinics or camps, well, clinics in that area. And then when it got to the summer, we used to do holiday camps in partnership with that department. So if you're a coach and you're looking to branch out or you're looking to build your business, then see what local Rec departments in your area are currently doing and what can you go in there and add a value to help them, but also become valuable to them. So as I mentioned, we worked with the majority of the departments within the Baltimore, Maryland area, and we used to run weekly clinics. We used to do camp events. We also used to do recreational summer leagues as well for them. So we used to work in partnership with them. And the reason why they wanted to work with us, because they saw us as the experts in what we do. So if you want to work within an organization, a Rec department, a local school, a local club, you've got to add value to their program, but also you've got to demonstrate that you are the expert at what you do and that you provide something that they can't or you're solving a problem for them. So that was the second one. We built a lot of local community partnerships with organizations, air clubs, that helped us to grow and scale within that region. Now the third one is we offered multiple services. So we didn't just offer one type of service. We had multiple services that we offered throughout the year and depending on the season. So for example, in the spring, we used to run clinics for toddlers, which was three to five. Then we used to do weekly clinics for kids that were older. We used to call them YDP events. And then we used to do events at local clubs. So we had a lot of multiple services that we were offering depending on what season it was. We used to do clinics. Then in the summer, we used to run summer leagues or summer teams. We used to run summer camps. So we constantly offered a variety of services to parents in the local area so that they could work with us and do business with us. We didn't just restrict ourselves to clinics or camps. We offered multiple services that essentially meant we could work with more parents. We weren't just restricted to one service. So as a coach and a trainer, you might want to look to do the same. So if you're currently only doing one to one training, what's another service that I can offer so that I can maybe transition into groups or transition into another type of service where I can attract parents that want something else and that don't just want one-to-one training. So that was the third one. The fourth one is we essentially became experts in the space that we were in. So as we grew region by region, clubs, local rec departments, youth associations, even global companies wanted to do business with us because we were the experts at what we did. Something that we were really good in our region is we used to work with full-only clubs. So for those that aren't in the United States, full-only clubs are essentially clubs that run or that play in the autumn or the fall season. So they'll play in the autumn and fall and then typically players in those teams, what they do in the spring, they go and play another sport. So a lot of players in these teams, they either do lacrosse or soccer. So they'll do lacrosse in the spring, soccer in the fall, or they might do basketball in the spring, soccer in the fall, or vice versa. So these were players that were committed in some sense, but they weren't all year round soccer players. But what we did really well is we used to go into these clubs and offer our services to their teams because a lot of the teams were coached by volunteer parents. So we added a lot of value to the parents because we pretty much took over the training, we took over the coaching development for that club, and we became experts in what we do best, which is soccer coaching and soccer training. So that is something that you can do in your business as well. You can become that expert in your space, in your field, so that you can build those partnerships with local organisations and local clubs, such as four lonely clubs. Or if you're in another part of the world, maybe in the UK, there's a lot of clubs that are run by parent volunteers. So parent volunteers run these teams. So you can come in and demonstrate your expertise and work with certain teams within that club. So become an expert at what you do. Now the fifth one was strategic partnerships. So something the company did really well, and this was in various regions, is they bought out smaller clubs or smaller companies. So it grew the client base. So I remember at the time there was a couple of smaller companies based out in New York, which UK Elite bought out. So they'd go in, take over the company, buy them out, and essentially that company then became UK Elite and rebranded to our company. Now that was very strategic because again, if you're taking over a small company that maybe has a client base of about 100 or 200 clients or customers, that's an extra 200, 300 customers that are coming into your company. So building strategic partnerships or strategic purchases can be a way for you to grow your business. Now if you're by yourself, you're a sole business owner, you're running one-to-one, you're running small group sessions, then you might be thinking, right, well, how can I do that with my business? You can do that by collaborating with other trainers in your local area. So you might decide to run clinics or camps together throughout the year to build a partnership and get more eyeballs on what you do. So that would be a strategic way of growing and expanding your business. So a number of ways that you can grow, these are essentially the lessons that I took from working at UK League Soccer. Hopefully this video helps you. It's more of an educational video, but there's a lot of little nuggets that I've shared with you today that you can go and implement into your business even if you are just running one-to-one sessions. A lot of the lessons that I've shared with you today, you can take them, implement them and grow and scale your business. So if you want more help, visit the description below, number of ways that I can help you with your soccer training business. Thank you for watching and make sure you subscribe to stay up to date with all my latest content.

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From Spreadsheets to "Everything as Code" - Joshua Hiller & Alessio Diamanti, Swisscom

From Spreadsheets to "Everything as Code" - Joshua Hiller & Alessio Diamanti, Swisscom At Swisscom, we are engaged in an ambitious technology and cultural transformation towards cloud-native readiness. The advent of new technologies and open source tools has provided us with the opportunity to rethink how we build and operate our 5G Core. By leveraging these technologies, we have taken the chance to ban the widely adopted use of spreadsheets and files "stored anywhere" and adopt a GitOps approach. This has enabled us to introduce DevOps best practices for application development, such as version control and CI/CD/CT for both infrastructure and applications. Our strategy of utilizing state-of-the-art tooling and a new willingness to embrace a "try fast and fail fast" mentality was crucial in finding the optimal solution to address various challenges. Early experience and lessons learned have guided us towards advanced templating practices, which go beyond simply copying and pasting environments. Low-level design as code and repository/branching strategies were instrumental in enabling us to automate at scale and streamline the instantiation, configuration, testing, and lifecycle management of 5G core services. In this presentation, we will showcase the deployment, configuration, and testing of 5G network functions on Kubernetes using Flux, Ansible, and templating.

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Hello and good morning everyone. Yeah, we are excited to tell you more about our cloud native journey So it's fantastic to be in this lovely city Amsterdam and after this very inspiring lightnings talks Alessio and I looking forward for an amazing day to share you our experience and cloud native journey We did so far at Swiss gum So I'm Josh Hiller and I'm Product owner at Swiss gum and I'm very passionate about DevOps and bringing together people and ideas to build innovative solutions and with me is Yeah, I'm anti-alessio senior DevOps engineer at Swiss gum my first time at good one But I hope I will be able to give you some technical details on how we try to move that from Spreadsheet learning escort. So let's get it started So, yeah back to the title. So first we want to explain. Oh, no What's that? Oh, no, my teammate put me on the On the on the call service for our 5G core. So now dev Ops Jenny is calling me. So I will take the call Sorry, I I missed it. So Yeah, Alessio will explain you more about What's going on actually What's going on here is that someone by mistake probably deleted CC CC RC, which is our NRF function, I don't Cannot Here maybe yes, as you can see here, there is a CC RC namespaces that was created lately in three in three minutes, which means that it was been deleted and now it's back alive This was on our own permits Infrastructure and now if I managed to find my mouse Yes, you will see that it's exactly the same situation here for The NRF in AWS cluster we have so we have a freshly created namespaces Thanks to our automation We don't have to worry about that and we can continue with our talk and we will see at the end What's the result? So back to you Josh Yeah, so why we are doing this So first we really want to improve our time to market to build new services for our customer and as well we want to benefit of To benefit of cloud elasticity so we can build our Telecover cloud on different clouds on public cloud private cloud With this we also want to increase or improve our innovation to build more Reliable services that they can operate our services at scale But all this new Technology is is arriving and we need the skills really to be able to manage and build this automation So for this we have our journey from telco to tecco and there we have four pillars So one is really about simplicity. So we so telco Infrastructure or services are increasing in complexity. So we really need to be able to simplify to be able to build new services or products Fast and get them out to our customer. Then the next pillar is cloud nativeness. So it's not about religion It's really about sustainable Operational benefits we want to achieve with the elasticity of cloud and for this we also really need the automation There yeah, we cannot use any more spreadsheet. We need to have everything as code So we have it described in our repository and we can push it to the different infrastructure and To do this we also need to change how we work So it's not enough to be able that Someone just knows about a certain capability and the next person knows about the next capability So we really need to work together to be able to make this automation work So how we do this? So first we have one backlog for the whole 5G core we built at Swisscom and there it really helps to prioritize and as well to to share the knowledge between all the different teams and We really encourage the people to work on tasks of other teams and share Their knowledge so really a boundary less Collaboration as well. We really take together networking engineers Kubernetes experts and application specialists to build this new 5G 40 core together and We we we start to To experiment way faster, so we test something we fail and then yeah We we try it and with another solution So we really try to rapidly find new solution for the problems we are facing and The last point is really we have a close collaboration with our vendor So there we can give them fast feedback and push them in in the right direction to build more cloud native workloads With this I want now to go more into the technical detail so to make all this work and be able to Spend more time building new products or service for our customer We really need to have the end-to-end automation. So we don't need to spend our time on tedious repetitive work anymore So to give us give you a short introduction on our automation pipeline So first there is an overarching pipeline today We use Jenkins for that and then we have a few sub pipelines triggering different functionalities so we get the package from the software packages from our vendor To our software gateway from there we use the sourcing pipeline To check this and monitor if there is any new software take it if needed decompose it push it to our art Artifactory all the artifacts the helm charts and the images and Then we also do security scan so we get alarms if there is any vulnerability in this software We receive from our vendors in the end and then the most important thing our DevOps team Which? Manage everything as code in our git repository. So our full service is fully described in the git nowhere else and then we have our Different clouds we have a public cloud private cloud and there we have our Kubernetes Cluster and we use of an operator called flux to go to git read the description What to deploy then go to the Artifactory to get the helm charts the image repo and then synchronize this to the Kubernetes cluster and with this then we fully automatically can deploy our 5G 4G core Then if a CNF is deployed it will notify that the overarching pipeline and will trigger some post deployment step or Then also the configuration the business logic of the CNF also this ansible is fetching this configuration from git and then pushing this over net conf to the different CNF's in the end and As well then we have additional pipelines to trigger an element Manager or to configure an element manager a security manager to to know about the new CNF which was deployed to be able to communicate with it and get the information needed for their capabilities and Then really one of the most important part is our testing pipeline there We have different tools we can trigger and they're like an example chaos testing which was mentioned before from litmus so there we can trigger this after a upgrade and after a Config change as well. We do this continuously testing. We will show you later and Do this to different CNF's or as a system under test or as an end-to-end test So and they're also very important is our observability capability where we get all the metrics the locks We have as well a dedicated cost a cluster for the long-term storage where we store all our Data and this cluster is as well managed by the whole pipeline and then we use our internal Monitoring as a service to create the dashboards to and as well to create the alarms Unfortunately, we were not able to hear it before but that would be obstiny calling me Yeah, that the namespace of the posts and our apps got deleted with this. I would like to hand over to Alessio Thank you, Josh. Thank you for the great introduction I would like now to go to some more technical details about the git repositories We have and how we manage them the first one I would like to talk about is I pillow level design repository Which is one of the milestone change we lately introduced It's an unseable inventory where we store all the peer-related Informations for all the application infrastructure and all the tools we use to manage our 5g core It's really what enabled us to Further automate everything else. So as you can see in the left side, we have The unseable inventory with us, which are the Kubernetes clusters we manage that are divided in groups Different groups regarding their characteristics on the right side instead you can see an example of how we store the parameters So it's a plain YAML file with a hierarchical structure And it's as you can imagine far away from what we were used in the past with spreadsheets Where you have a spreadsheet in somewhere in SharePoint with a freestyle structure Everyone can go there modified it Now if this one if the these parameters are starting it you have a centralized way you have a peer review process to introduce changes and it's the only and unique place from where you get Parameters the way you can get them is Described at the bottom of the slide. So if you are within an Ansible playbook or a Jinja template is natively Supported with a path and the name of the parameter you look for and it's as well Quite easy for a generic script like for example Python or whatever you can use the Ansible inventory command piped into a jq o parser and use the path and the variable name to get The value you look for this is what we do not only for the IP related parameters But for all the parameters of application and infrastructure we manage as I will show later in the next slides Let me now go into some more details about the code base for our CNS as you can see from the top right corner, we have Actually at that moment one repository for each CNF we manage It is this was not the case at the beginning when when we had an all-in-one repository However, this is not manageable at all You can imagine the amount of PRs that are coming for Introducing different changes in the different network functions. It was not scalable and manageable at all so we decided to come to a Splitted version for each CNF the structure of each repo is Anyway, the same one and it's the one that is depicted in this slide So as you see the first folder we have is the Ansible folder where we store The application low-level design so all the parameters that belongs to the application which are not IP related It's again another Ansible inventory Where in this case os are the different instances of one of the CNF we manage in the example You have ccpc so the policy control function and you see all the hosts that all the different Instances we have we store parameters as I said before per host. So we which are specific of specific CNF instance or In group bars where when they are shared across different CNF instances in the same folder we have Sorry, we have as well Ansible playbooks and Jinja templates we use to produce the configuration and Kubernetes Deployment files. So there is Ansible playbooks that fetches values from the different low-level design parameters and Populates templates to produce the application files, which are again stored in it with the structure You can see in the slide. So for example here sorry for example here we have All the files for the day zero which are the Kubernetes resources and the day one configuration files Which are the files that Josh showed you before are pushed via net coms For what concern the branching strategy we have in place We have one branch for each cluster. We manage in the different sides. So several branches for each cluster in dev staging and Production how merging strategy works is depicted in these slides So the idea is that when we want to introduce a change or whatever and upgrade or a new feature We start clean from a feature branch and we produce all the files from templates for all the different Clusters so when all these changes are ready We raise a merge request to move from the feature branch to one of the development Branches so so to one of the dev clusters we perform some tests this which are automated and when the feature is Validated to be working as intended we move then from what the first dev cluster to the other dev clusters Again when moving from dev to staging the same process a lot of testing when it's validated from one stage clusters spread Across all the other stage clusters and finally eventually hopefully to the production What is really important here is that with the template we really gained a lot of Velocity and we reduce the failure rate because the structure of the thing you introduce the change of whatever it is It's always the same and parameters are gathered from the low-level design inventories Going now to the infrastructure repo. We have here We managed as we said before two kind of infrastructures So the we have the on-premise one, which is the one that the which is Deployed through the package we get from our vector Ericsson cloud container distribution eccd Which is a flavor of Kubernetes deployed on top of OpenStack VMs Here in this case, we have as well ansible Inventory so we store parameters for eccd in a specific repo and again Ginger template and playbooks to produce deployment files environmental file file You may be familiar with for OpenStack. That is then deployed by a pipeline for the AWS case we store as well in Git all the parameters for the flow and join step functions that we use to deploy all the needed resources in AWS so EKS VPCs and whatever we need Going now to another repo which which is the one we called common repo. This is another Milestone, let's say repo which is kind of glue among all the other Repositories because here we store some common artifacts like for example the Jenkins pipeline We use to trigger that they want configuration via netconf we store as well a bunch of playbook ansible playbooks that are used to configure the Some other systems like over the for example the gateways the routing and the firewall rules We need to operate our 5g core. There is as well the definition of the flux operator Which as is the operator as just showed a big at the beginning we used to? Deploy our Kubernetes apps Just as quick detail on a quick info on how we manage the rest of Applications which are different application kind like for the one that we use for testing or for our Observability stack all of those are as well of course storing in git and they are managed as well the same way as the other so inventories flux and Eventually some ansible playbooks and pipelines But how all of these comes to together and glue to have what Josh introduced at the Beginning, this is what I tried to depict in this picture So the idea is that at the beginning there is a manual input and introduction of the parameters in the different Low-level design repos at the moment is manual But it could be as well automated like for example via an IPAM when although all those parameters are ready The automation kicks in like for example for the infrastructure. We have a playbook that is pulling in for Information populating template producing configuration files and then again with another pipe pipeline is the infrastructure is Deployed when the infrastructure is ready. We have other playbooks that Again pull the information from the all the all the Application and IP low-level design populace template and produce configuration files Day zero files which are in our language Let's say Kubernetes files and they want files. So net conf configuration files Flux now can take those file from the git and deploys them on our cluster as well as for some bunch of Tools like for example the external secret operator. We use to sync secrets from the Ashikov bolt Now then there is the day one pipeline which configures via net conf and when the CNF is ready a bunch of testing Cases are executed to complete the picture We have as well some others more people we manage like for example the one where we define alerting rules which is One one of those others is the one that we received at the beginning of this presentation alarming us that a namespace was deleted and Lastly this repo here on the upper left side where we have all the other tools we deployed as I said with flux After all of that our automation. I hope should have worked as expected and let me now go to See in the dashboard if everything is back as intended So we prepared this dashboard here for the cube con Then my view. Okay, the VPN. I hope it's working back again Yes, so actually what you can see from here, this is the Grafana dashboard So for the med with the magic that we get from the cluster We see that there was a period where the of course we lost of Lot of pods because the namespace was deleted and now the situation is more or less back to normal Unfortunately, we don't have all the NF back Registered but yeah, this is real life. Sometimes it takes time to get all the NF registered back into the nrf What I would like to show you as well is that I Think that we have problems with the VPN, but the idea was to show you here some logs entry about Yeah, it's even worse now Anyway, that's sure. We should have been some logs entry about the changes we made so the net conf Configuration that were pushed and as well some information about the testing Let me see if I can recover this situation Probably it's reconnecting. I don't know why Really sorry about that That should have Okay, yeah, anyway, let me maybe try quickly, but now I will not make Really sorry, but yeah and With that, let's switch back to the presentation for some conclusion from Josh Yeah, so really important there was also that we really are able then also to show that the test progress So you would have seen how many test tests were successfully completed after this redeployment So we don't need to touch anything to get the CNF back or to deploy a new CNF So that's can now be fully automated and with this is really that Basically our conclusion is that automation outrun spreadsheet. So we will not work with Text a file or something stored on an individual laptop. That's not any more possible in such an environment And we really can benefit of cloud elasticity Especially if the workload supports it that you can deploy it wherever you need it It's important to have this low-level design as code and the smart repository structure and Yeah, you need to bring together the the good engineer from all domains to build really the Yeah, to figure out the best solution for the problems you need to solve Which really is able to then transform with the technology So for us we have started the our journey from telco to teco and Yeah, with that. Thank you for listening to us So if there is still time for a question or we can move to the next talk Possibility to ask the questions that audio setup doesn't allow that. That's why I'm going to Play this role. Thanks for this presentation Very insightful. I am quite curious How do you tie this in? for example, the Change process with the merge request promoting from environment to environment into your existing well established change management process in the company So that's have not been done yet. So there we We we try really to go new ways We are working with our change management to see how we automate changes and Which which changes really need to go through this change process and what's just done? Automatically because yeah there with with how we work now. It's not possible anymore. That's someone understands Why this change is now going to production and even yeah have the time to click somewhere to accept it or even Ask someone why this now needs to go to production. We really want to get to a change capability where we bring Like 20 hundred changes a week or even a day to production. So it gets impossible to know exactly What which change is really doing and there we also think that Because we we have this structure and all the testing that we are very confident that everything which get pushed to production Is not breaking something Thank you very much. Thanks Justin. Thanks Alessio next on the stage. Please give them a round of applause

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Varney, the Vampyre Vol. 2 | Thomas Peckett Prest | Detective Fiction, General Fiction | 10/13

https://gobalex.info/The-Art-Thief-Kindle-Edition https://bit.ly/AIFN https://bit.ly/m/LSUNIQADENTAL https://bit.ly/ABOOK Audiobooks have many benefits for listeners and audiobook lovers. Here are some of them: 1. Improves Listening Skills: Auditing audiobooks can help you develop active listening skills. 2. Enhances Productivity: Another critical benefit of audiobooks is that it helps you to multitask. 3. Helps to Improve Language Skills. 4. Reduces Anxiety and Stress. 5. It Makes the Story Memorable. 6. Help To Build Your Attention and Focus. 7. Prepares You for a Good Night’s Sleep. 8. Audiobooks Can Help You Consume More Books. 9. Introduce students to books above their reading level. 10. Model good interpretive reading. 11. Teach critical listening. 12. Highlight the humor in audiobooks. 13. Introduce new genres that students might not otherwise consider. LibriVox volunteers have recorded full versions of public-domain audiobooks and made them available to everyone. Concise excerpts of contemporary and cutting-edge audiobooks performed by professional voice actors and digital catalogs of audiobooks. If you follow the link in the description or the digital catalog blocks and make a purchase, we may receive a commission. For which we would be grateful! Thank you! #audiobooksfree, #audiobooksfree90, #audiobooksfreeyourhands, #audiobooksfreedom, #freeaudiobooks, #freeaudiobooksforkids, #freeaudiobooks365, #freeaudiobooksmotivational, #freeaudiobooksonyoutube,#2freeaudiobooks, #8freeaudiobooksleft

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Chapter 108 of Vani the Vampire This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox.org Recording by Vali Vani the Vampire Volume 2 by Thomas Press Chapter 108 The Decision Against the Doctor and more news of Vani the Vampire It will be remembered that Dr. Schillingworth, although he had without doubt ascertained that Vani had proceeded to London, hesitated about following him there without the full compliance and consent of the Banner words and now, at the very first opportunity he had, when he found the Admiral and Henry together, he introduced the subject. He detailed what he had already done in the way of tracing Vani from place to place and ended by declaring his conviction that he was to be found in London. It is not only of importance, he said, to discover Vani on account of the property which I think he has taken with him but it really amounts almost to a public duty to do so. When we consider the evil, he has succeeded in bringing upon us and that some other family may be soon suffering from similar machinations. But Dr. said Henry, I presume you have no disinclination to admit that the principal view you take of the subject is as regards its connection with the supposed sum of money which Vani has taken with him. I freely own said the doctor that I should like to place that money in your hands because I think you are entitled to it and perhaps that is my principal motive but it certainly is not my only one, for as I consider Vani quite a curiosity in a medical point of view I certainly wish to follow him up and should be extremely sorry to lose sight of him altogether. But you must be aware, Dr. said Henry, that there really is something like positive danger in following such a man up and although he feels himself under such great obligations to you that I do not think he would willingly do you an injury yet there is no knowing what so strange and irascible a temper might not be goaded to. I have no threat of danger. I dare say you have not said that, Mirol, but I give you my vote against having anything further to do with Vani and said Henry, although I cannot withhold an expression of admiration for the doctor's perseverance I beg him to think that we oppose his pilgrimage in search of the vampire because we fell more for his personal safety than we fear any of the machinations of Vani. Well, gentlemen said the doctor, since I am in a minority, of course I must give in and say no more about it. I should certainly have liked to find the fellow for it is my impression that he certainly has a good many thousands of your money in his possession but as it is, I will say no more about it although I shall retain my opinion that you are ill-advised in not following him up. Oh! said the admiral. It wouldn't do to follow people up always. I don't know. There's that Quaker, for instance, who has got possession of Dearbrook. The Quaker shouted the admiral, down the Quaker, I'll follow him up while I have a guinea left, or a leg to stand on. What the dukes made you mention him, for you know the very sound of his name is enough to put me in a fever. The Quaker behind, an infernal thief as he is. It was well known to both Henry and the doctor, and in fact to all the family now, that the mention of the Quaker was always enough to drive that admiral nearly frantic, so that we are inclined to think Dr. Schillingworth was actuated by a little spirit of vengeance when he made that remark and that on the whole he was so vexed at the non-participation of the banner words and the admiral in his views concerning Sir Francis Warnie that on the irritation of the movement he did not scruple to say something which he thought would be annoying. But his downright good feeling so got the better of anything of that sort that turning to the admiral he said, I do apologise. I ought to apologise for my calling to your attention anything of a disagreeable character for I have no right whatever to do so and it was only upon the impulse of a moment I assure you that I uttered the words. Doctor said that admiral, I know all that as well as you can tell me, so just say no more about it if you please. For I don't want to hear one word upon such a subject. Well then said the doctor, now that I stand acquitted of doing or saying anything of a doubtful or disagreeable character, I can only tell you that I shall persevere in my opinion and that it is just possible though not very likely that I may upon my own account do something in the matter. All of which said Henry, I am very sorry to hear you say doctor. But why are you sorry? Because I cannot help anticipating danger. I feel almost certain that it will end you and in that case no one will morbidly regret that you mixed yourself up in the affair than I shall. Oh do not presume any such things at the doctor justingly. It may depend Vani and I understand each other too well for there to be much danger in my intercourse with him. There is something about the fellow yet that will not permit him to do any deliberate wrong to me. And strange as the feeling may appear I cannot help acknowledging that I like him in some things and that having been the means of restoring him to life I feel somehow or other as if I were bound to look after him. Well that is rather absurd. Saddhanura I must confess. But however doctor if you have any such feeling by all means carry it out I won't say nay. But by any means find him out if you like and if you can make him a decent member of society in heaven's name do so. I do not expect that said the doctor and if I only keep him out of mischief I shall be sufficiently satisfied. For that would be accomplishing a great deal with such a man. Promise me one thing said Henry in connection with this affair. What may that be? It is that you will not take any step in the matter without letting us know. Of course you are a free agent in a transaction but have as much right as anybody to say or to do anything as regards Vani the vampire. But still knowing so much of him as we do I for one certainly would be glad to be made aware of anything you are attempting concerning him. That I will promise you so you need be under no possible apprehension on such a score but feel completely at your ease that nothing is being done unless you know of it. At this juncture a servant entered the room with a letter which was addressed to Henry Bannerworth and upon opening it he uttered a sudden exclamation of surprise. What is it said the admiral? You seem astonished Henry. I am indeed astonished and I may be. Who do you suppose admiral this letter is from? I can't possibly take upon myself to say why from no other person than Vani the vampire. Indeed cried Dr. Chillingworth and does he offer restitution? Does he offer to return the money he so wrongly has got possession of? Tell me that. I cannot answer you for I have not read one word of the epistle. I only see by the signature that it is his but as it is impossible that there can be any secrets between myself and Vani I shall read it to you aloud and you shall both of you be able to judge concerning it. The admiral and the doctor assumed attitudes of attention while Henry after glancing his eyes slightly down the contents of the letter commenced reading it as follows. To Henry Bannerworth Sir, probably the last person in the world from whom you might expect to receive a communication is he who now pens this epistle but as it is spent with a good feeling towards you and yours I hope and trust it will be received in a kindly spirit. Admitting that the circumstances under which I left the protection of your house were such as to require some explanation from me it is that explanation which I now proceed to give. Circumstances made it imperatively necessary that I should adopt a course of conduct that should no longer make me a burden to those who had more cause to wish me dead than to assist me in maintaining existence. Without then the least sinister motive towards you or anyone belonging to you I left your home secretly and at once not being willing to listen to remote stresses that I knew would be spoken kindly but which I knew at the same time could not be very serious in as much as my presence cannot possibly be otherwise than a severe attacks upon your kindness and your patience. I cannot be so besotted as to think for a moment that you can forget although a generosity of temper for which I give you full credit might enable you to forgive the injuries you have received from me but I could not make up my mind to reside under your roof on such terms and since my recovery from the violence of a lawless mob the question in my mind has been not whether I should leave you or not but how I should leave you and where I should be take myself to. At length finding it impossible to come to any rational conclusion upon these points and that time was rapidly varying so that it became necessary if I came to a conclusion at all I should come to it quickly. I resolved to leave without giving you any notice of the fact and set up my staff as it were in the wilderness and proceed in whatever direction chance may point out to me. This I say was my resolve and I have carried it into execution. All I ask of you is to forget me and not to waste any thought upon the man who will never do any injury to you or to anyone belonging to you and who hopes you will make no inquiry for him but should you meet him ever you will pass him by as if you knew him not. These few words come from him who was Vani the Vampire. There was a dead silence when this epistle was concluded and all seemed busy with their own opinions as regarded this communication which certainly was one of a singular nature and highly calculated to excite their surprise. Upon the whole though there was one extremely evident conclusion to be drawn from it and that was that Vani was extremely anxious not to be interfered with. Can anything be more transparent? exclaimed the doctor. It is just as I say Vani wants to try some new scheme and is very much afraid that he may come across us in some way and be blocked in it by our exposing what his real character is and if anything could give me a stronger impulse than another to follow him and see what he is about it would certainly be that letter. I do not think you need to be afraid said Henry for the letter bearing as it does that signification is such a one as induces me to believe he is fearful that some circumstance may throw him in our way and in that case that we may spoil his thought or of the likelihood of such a thing occurring he is of course a much better judge than we can be so I should say let him alone and see if anything really turns up concerning him if it does we have a fair principle action before us for we have no occasion merely because he has asked us to be quiet and peaceable if we find him playing any pranks or attempting to play any pranks that's my opinion too said the admiral be quiet and take no notice and it will be an odd thing to me then if you don't soon hear something of master Vani and that may be a something too that misstonish us is that all the letter said Dr. Schillingworth yes with the exception of these words in a post script any communication addressed to VV general post office London will reach my hands promptly ah then there's the juice of the matter said the doctor the vagabond wants to be sure that we shall not interfere with him and then he has got some rascality in hand you may depend which he would said to work about in real earnest I shall not write to him said Henry but shall pursue quite a different course of policy and wait patiently for what may happen for I'm convinced that is the only plan to pursue with any chance of benefit or success and you will bear in mind doctors at the admiral that the fellow in this letter talks of giving us an explanation and yet not one word does he say about jumping upon your back from the garden wall the juice of bit does he explain that no said the doctor nor did I expect he would such a man as Vani is not likely to discriminate himself and while there is doubt about whether he is that person or not you may depend he will not be the man to take any pains to dispel it of course not of course not well said the doctor I can only tell you all one thing and that is that whatever you may think or flatter yourselves this affair is very fine indeed from being over and sooner or later something yet very serious will occur in connection with Vani the vampire do not fancy that you have got rid of him for most certainly you have not the doctor spoke these words so oracularly that he sounded extremely like one of those predictions founded upon such a firm basis that they are sure to be carried out by future facts and both Henry and Admiral felt as if they had heard truth from someone who knew well what he was uttering and was not likely to be mistaken End of Chapter 108 Chapter 109 of Vani the Vampire Volume 2 This is a LibriVox recording All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain For more information or to volunteer please visit LibriVox.org Recording by Valli Vani the Vampire Volume 2 By Thomas Prescott Press Chapter 109 The Preparations for the Wedding of the Baron Stolmoyer of Salzburg There come an adage which inculcates the necessity of striking while the iron is hot and this was an adage which to judge from her conduct seemed to have made a great impression upon the mind of Mrs. Williams and she thought that as regarded her daughter's feelings the iron was hot and that if she struck now she might be able to ring from her a consent no matter how reluctant to call the Baron Stolmoyer her husband The objects which Mrs. Williams felt certain she should succeed in achieving by such an union in her family were far too weighty to be easily dispensed with They not only comprehended the five hundred pounds which the Baron had so judiciously promised her upon the wedding day being fixed but she had an eye to after circumstances and considered that the son-in-law who could spare five hundred pounds as a mere bribe to her would be an endless source from whence she could draw her pecuniary supplies and then thought Mrs. Williams there are the other girls to get off to and what a famous opportunity it will be to do that when they can be at all the grand parties the Baron will give at Annabarie House to an intriguing woman such as Mrs. Williams was in reality all these advantages appeared in full force and if ever she made up her mind thoroughly and entirely about anything in the world she certainly did that her daughter Helen would be the Baroness Stolmoyer of Salzburg she certainly wished in her own heart that the Baron had chosen one of her daughters because then she knew that she would not have had to encounter the position she had done and perhaps had still to encounter in the case of Helen but as it was that part of the business could not be helped and she Helen was to be sacrificed if the Baron had thought for twelve months over the murder he could not have come to a better conclusion as to the best means of making Mrs. Williams a zealous partisan of his then by distinctly naming a sum of money that she should have and then she should have it for now she considered that every moment's delay was a price of actual criminality on the part of Helen in as much as it was keeping her Mrs. Williams out of a large sum of money there was one thing however which she did at once and that was to go to the different rates people who had had the awful insolence to stop the supplies and tell them that her daughter Helen was about to become the Baroness Stolmoyer and that if they continued to execute orders and to wait with patience they would all get paid within one month this positive announcement staggered some of them for they would hardly have thought it possible that she would have made it if there had not been some great foundation for truth in it of some sort and it was one of these announcements which as the reader is aware had been overheard by Tom the son of the old sailor and which well reported had created so much consternation in the mind of the young man who had been saved by Jack Pringle from the wreck on the following morning the lady received a laconic note from the Baron in which were the words Madam, have you settled with your daughter the day and the hour of mine-up shields with her I have drawn a check in your favour and only wait your further proceeding in the affair to sign it and send it to you I have the honour to be Madam yards truly Stolmoyer Mrs. Williams this note put Mrs. Williams into a perfect fury of impatience the idea that actually a check for 500 pounds should be drawn in her favour and only awaiting the signature of the Baron and that by one word her daughter Helen could procure that signature was absolutely maddening she rushed at once to Helen's room poor Helen knew enough of her mother to feel convinced from the first that no possible exertion would be spared for the purpose of forcing her into that marriage which had no chance alas for her but which on the contrary presented itself to her in the most hideous of all possible aspects from the first moment that her mother had broached it it had seemed in its remembrance to lie at her heart like a lump of lead she seemed already to feel that after an unavailing resistance she would have to yield and then that her future existence would involve in it all the pangs of despair and regret alas alas she said under what fatal planet was I born that I should be so unhappy as I now am what will become of me and how shall I gather resolution enough either to bear with seeming patience the fate that afflicts me or to resist the machinations of my mother who would force me to wed this man whom I cannot love the long absence of her love was so perplexing a source of warm reflection to her that already it had sapped much of the joy of her young existence he surely ought she said and might have found some means of communicating to me long earth is he might well know and must know that suspense is of all feelings the worst to bear oh why am I thus deserted by all and left to the mercy of the worst of circumstances with her sisters poor Helen could have no sympathies in common either of them would have been delighted to change places with her as regarded the fact of becoming the baroness of Salzburg and they had towards her a tolerably cordial ill will on account of her superior charms which made her so much admired while they were left to pine in maiden meditation fancy free but to Helen Williams this gift of beauty was what it truly has often been described a most dangerous one and she would have given the world to have been able to wear an appearance that would have repelled instead of attracted the baron Stolmuir she was in this desponding state of mind revolving in her mind her dismal prospects if she should consent to wed the baron and her equally dismal ones if she should refuse for well she knew how painful a position with her family such a refusal would place her in when her mother entered the room Mrs. Williams had so thoroughly determined that this marriage should take place that she could not have said to have now sought her daughter to persuade her to it but on the contrary to insist upon it the sisters too with whom this unnatural mother or rather perhaps we ought to say too natural but too common mother had held a conversation upon the subject were anxious despite the jealousy upon the occasion that the fair should proceed because certainly the next best thing to themselves making such an alliance was to succeed in getting it made by some other of the family and they fully intended making and debris on the mound their home what Helen exclaimed Mrs. Williams in tears as usual have I not cause for weeping mother well well I cannot say much to you beyond the few words I have come to say I have I fear as regarded this affair of the offer that was made to you by the baron Stolmuir behaved precipitately oh mother cried Helen with renewed hope I'm rejoiced to hear you say so then you will not now ask me to sacrifice myself to a man whom I can never love say no more of the past it is sufficient that you have awakened to better resolves now dear mother and I shall be happy such words as these ought to have softened the mother's heart but such a woman had no heart to soften and after a pause she proceeded in her plan of operations well my dear perhaps it is all for the best it must be for the best mother because it never can be for good that I should have consented to plight my vows to one home of all others I cannot look upon with the least affectionate regard indeed mother so much as I can absolutely dislike anyone I dislike that man there's no occasion to say anything more about it my dear I have come to bid you farewell and heaven only knows when we may meet again what do you mean mother I mean my dear just what I say I'm going now it once to a prison a prison yes it certainly is not an agreeable idea but as I told you I was too sanguine and built too much upon your consenting to marry the Baron so I borrowed some of money to pay some pressing debts but as I have not been able to repay it I'm arrested and have now only persuaded the manager Gowey upon giving him a solemn promise that I will in half an hour's time be at the gates of the town gaol Helen heard this declaration with a feeling of perfect horror she was too little acquainted with the usages of society to see what a transparent light really was and to her mind it did not appear improbable that a man who came to arrest anybody should take their word to come to the gaol in half an hour oh mother mother she stopped can this be I don't know said Mrs. Williams if it can be or not all I know is that it is so and that I'm perfectly willing to pass the remainder of my days in the dungeon Helen's ideas of prisons were all procured from romances and she was not at all surprised consequently to hear her mother talk of a dungeon and if she had added something about chains and bread and water and a heap of straw merely for a bed it would have found a ready credence with poor Helen no wonder therefore that the idea of such a catastrophe presented itself to her in the most terrific colours and she saw it once all her recent congratulations upon an escape from a marriage with the barren strollmere of Salzburg scattered to the vents of heaven she was so petrified with astonishment and griff that for some moments she could not speak and Mrs. Williams took care to improve upon that silence by adding I'm sure it should be the last person in the world to ask any daughter of mine to make a sacrifice but as I have been so foolish because I took a pride in my family as to go into expenses I cannot stand why of course I must take the consequences oh no no oh it's all very well to say oh no no but it's oh yes yes and all I have to ask of you now is to say that business has compelled me to leave this part of the country and after that the best way will be to say that I'm dead heaven help me and then of course continued Mrs. Williams in the most matter-like and self-denying tone in all the world and then of course people will leave off making inquiries about me and you me all of you in time managed to forget me likewise mother mother is not this cruel my dear I really cannot say that I think it is I am and have been mistaken and perhaps I did push the affair of your marriage with the barren stalemire of Saltzburg a little too far and too much counted upon it I know I'm up to be too sanguine I'm well aware of that it's a little peculiarity of mine but I cannot help it and when we have those little peculiarities all we can do is to put up with it as best we may but mother oh it's no use talking is the creditors so very inexorable yes and only on one account he thinks I have to save him that's the fact and having asked me to give a decided answer if the wedding day was fixed between you and the Baron for nothing else would satisfy him and as of course I could not say that he got quite furious and at once threatened me with law proceedings which I did not think he really meant but it appears he did for here I am arrested but can nothing be done not that I see the Baron when he made the proposal was anxious for an immediate reply and then he would have made some very handsome settlement which would have been soon known and anybody would have trusted me but as it is the only thing that can save you all will be for me to go to prison at once and so disappear Helen wept bitterly and therefore my dear I beg you won't think anything of it I am quite willing to go at once without any more fuss about it but I have not yet said anything to your sisters because I thought that the first explanation was due to you in the affair since you were the most mixed up with it oh this is too dreadful much too dreadful farewell farewell we may meet again or we may not I wish you all manner of happiness Mrs. Williams moved towards the door but before she reached it Helen sprung after her and detaining her cried no no it must not be if there is an imperative necessity for some victim let me be it or let me be it I mean Helen asked Mrs. Williams in pretended surprise I I mean mother that that I will to save you give up all hopes of happiness in this world and that although I would far rather go at once to my grave I will since my destiny seems to point out that it must be so consent consent to become the baroness Stolmer of Salzburg and and do I hear a right yes yes heaven help me I feel that I have no other hope the dreadful alternative that is presented to me leaves me no other course to pursue I must and I do consent if it will at once save you from the prison it will my dear if I can succeed in convincing my important creditor that you have really consented and that it is not a scheme of mine merely to escape a prison but if you write a few words signifying your consent that will be quite sufficient this was an artful proceeding on the part of Mrs. Williams for although she by no means intended to put the baron in possession of such a document yet she considered that by having it she completely protected herself from any reproaches which he might otherwise cast upon her should any hitch arise in the proceedings or anything go wrong with the affair even at the last moment the few words in writing which suffice as Mrs. Williams thought fully to commit poor Helen to the marriage were freely written for there was no duplicity in the character of Helen and what she said she would consent to she was quite willing to write well my dear said Mrs. Williams although you don't feel happy just now about the marriage you may depend upon it you will enjoy your existence very much for when you get a little older you will find that it is after all the possession of ample means that is the most important thing to look to Helen shook her head but she made no reply she did not at all agree with what her mother said but she felt by far too much depressed to argue the point with her just then you will all your life added Mrs. Williams as she left the room have the great consolation of knowing that you saved me from a prison doing so absolutely saved my life for although I did not say before I'm quite sure I should have died End of Chapter 109 by Thomas Prescott Prest Chapter 110 Jack Pringle calls upon Mrs. Williams and tells her a piece of his mind upon affairs in general Jack Pringle never promised anything without an intention of performing it whether he could succeed or not and accordingly when he promised that he would make due and diligent inquiry for the purpose of ascertaining if Helen Williams was indeed faithless he proceeded at once to do so in the most direct manner in the world vis by calling upon no less a personage than Mrs. Williams herself and popping the question to her in a manner which almost precluded the possibility of her returning anything but a direct answer this was a measure which few persons would have attempted but having as it had all the characteristics of boldness about it it was not one that he was likely to fail in but upon the contrary calculated in every respect to be eminently successful he proceeded to the town in perfect ignorance of its locality or even of the abode of Mrs. Williams except so far as a very involved description had been given to him of the route to her house by the old sailor's son Tom who certainly was not the best hand in the world at a direction but Jack was never at a loss for somehow or another by the force of a good tempered manner that he had he contrived to make friends wherever he went and among them he soon found one who was willing in every respect to take pains with him and to walk with him to the door of Mrs. Williams Thank you, Miss Mate, said Jack and if ever I meet you again you may make up your mind that you have met a friend and so this is Mrs. Williams, is it? Yes, said the man, this is Mrs. Williams' and what sort of a creature is she? Oh, why as to that she is not the sort of woman I like but there is no accounting for tastes, you know and other people might like her very well You are a sensible fellow, said Jack and I should say you have quite wit enough about you that if you fell into the fire you would get out again as soon as you could The man hardly knew whether to take this as a compliment or not but at all events he bade Jack good day, civilly enough and took no notice of it Jack then boldly knocked at the door and when the one miserable servant of the Williams has made her appearance and asked him what he wanted he replied, why I have principally called to tell you what a remarkably fine girl you are and after that I should like to see Mother Williams Go along with ye, said the girl, you are only joking and I can tell you that Mrs. would just as soon give you to a constable as look at you Oh no she wouldn't, said Jack for good looking fellows are scarce and I daresay she knows that as well as possible and she would much rather keep me herself than give me to anybody Well I am sure, said the girl you are like all the rest of men and have a pretty good opinion of herself but if you really want to see Mrs. I may as well tell her at once to be sure, said Jack Mrs. Williams from a room on the ground floor had heard that some sort of conversation was going on at the street door and she called out, Susan, Susan how dare you be talking there to anybody who is that I say tell me who that is immediately it is me ma'am, cried Jack and who is me why ma'am I have come on a delicate mission I have got something to say to you as is rather particular Mrs. Williams's curiosity was excited and perhaps some of her fears for when she had told Helen that she was drowned in debt she had hyperbolically speaking not far exceeded the truth and therefore she dreaded refusing seeing anyone who came to ask for her lest, smarting under the aggravation of such a proceeding the party be he whom he might should leave some message that it would not be quite pleasant to her for Susan to hear this was the respect then which placed Mrs. Williams positively at the mercy of anyone who chose to call upon her and which induced her to give an audience even to Jack Pringle who under ordinary circumstances she would, as Susan had correctly observed, have not scrupled to place in the hands of some guardian of the public peace as an intruder into her house when Jack was shown into the apartment where the lady waited to receive him he made what he considered a highly fashionable and elegant bow of a lock of his hair in front and giving it a jerking pull at the same moment that he kicked out his foot behind and upset a chair how do you do ma'am said Jack you have the advantage of me said Mrs. Williams I rather think I have said Jack and I mean to keep it and an out and out thing it would be if I hadn't seeing the many voyages I have had when I dare say you was never out of sight of land in all your life I certainly never was says Mrs. Williams and I hope I am speaking to some officer and not to anybody common oh yes ma'am said Jack I am a rear admiral of the green and what I come to ask you is if there is going to be a marriage in your family rather an eccentric character thought Mrs. Williams but anybody may see in a moment he is a gentleman or else he would not be an admiral of the green I know there are admirals of all sorts of colors so I have no doubt he is quite correct yes sir there is going to be a marriage in my family I am proud to say my daughter Helen is going to marry what might be called quite a foreign potentate a foreign potato none of your gammon don't be poking your fun at me a foreign potentate I said sir a kind of monarch a potentate you know oh I understand I dare say them fellows lives on potatoes and that's why they call them such but are you sure it's your daughter Helen because I was thinking of proposing for her myself really then admiral green I am very sorry but she is going to be married to the Baron Stolmure of Salzburg the Baron what did you say Stonemason and Saltpot what a damn odd name to be sure dear me what an eccentric character thought Mrs. Williams but quite the gentleman admiral green it's Stolmure of Salzburg is the Baron's name oh I knew it was something about salts but however it don't matter him when is the ceremony to come off ma'am it is left to me sir to fix the day and I shall do so of course at my convenience and I can only express my great regret admiral green that you should have been too late but you see the Baron's offer was so unexceptionable and he is really quite a wealthy individual which is offering me a check for five hundred pounds is a convincing proof that I really could not think of refusing him what five hundred pounds yes I assure you admiral green that he pressed upon my acceptance five hundred pounds the stingy devil stingy rather why I meant to have asked you to accept a couple of thousands in a larger state that I have got which brings in as much every year and that I really don't want two thousand pounds in an estate gracious providence I don't know what to say to that really admiral green you are so very liberal that upon my word I am quite puzzled two thousand pounds in an estate worth two thousand pounds a year did you really mean that admiral green to be sure I did what else could I mean but I don't want to interfere with a foreign potato and a Baron saltbox well but my dear sir stop a moment let me think no ma'am said Jack I ain't quite such a humbug as you takes me for I say nothing but it's very likely that your Baron will turn out to be some half-starved swindler who is going to wind up his affairs by doing you and serves you right too I wish you good morning ma'am so saying Jack despite the remonstrances of mrs. Williams whose cupidity was so strongly excited by what he had said that she would gladly have thrown overboard the Baron and who now began to look with something like contempt upon the five hundred pounds which she had before thought was quite a large sum how odd it is she exclaimed when she was alone how odd it is that after I have been looking about I don't know how long for a decent match for some of the girls all the men should come at once and want Helen it's an extraordinary thing to me very extraordinary dear me if I could but have a secured admiral green for Juliana and so got her married on the same day with Helen there would have been two thousand five hundred pounds to me at once what a capital thing I would not have spoken of it to anybody but I would have paid all the trades people about here eight pence in the pound as a composition and then I could have gone and lived in London quite comfortably thus is it ever with such schemers as mrs. Williams success brings with it quite as many evils and distressful feelings as failure and now the agony of what she thought she had lost much more than counterbalanced any satisfaction she might have had in procuring her daughter's consent to the marriage with the Baron this consent although we know how it was wrong from Helen we certainly much blame her for giving because no human power could readily force her to marry anyone who was not her choice and the mere fact that her mother represented how deeply she was in debt ought not to have been sufficient to induce Helen to consent she might and ought to have taken a much higher subject of you which should have excluded a consideration of James Anderson that you should have been a refusal to commit the perjury of solemnly vowing before heaven to love and honor a man for whom she entertained such opposite feelings but Helen was not a close reasoner and although all the argument was upon her side and all the propriety and all the justice we grieve to say that she did not avail herself of either to the extent she ought to have done but on the contrary gave up those moments to regret which should have been far better employed in resistance when the consent which we have recorded had been wrong from her she gave herself up to the most melancholy reflections weeping incessantly and calling upon heaven to help her from the pressure of circumstances which she was quite competent to relieve herself from if she could have persuaded herself to make the necessary efforts at last it seemed to her that she had upon a plan which might afford her some relief but in projecting it she little knew the real character of the man she had to deal with this scheme was to tell the Baron candidly that she loved another and whether that other was living or dead his remembrance would so cling to her that she could never love another and that in making her his wife he the Baron would be laying up for himself a source of regret and disquietude in the feeling that he possessed one whose he could never hope to attain surely thought Helen if he be at all human and if he have any of the natural pride of manhood about him he will shrink from attempting to continue a suit that must be mortifying in every one of its stages and which cannot confer upon him even the shadow of happiness End of Chapter 110 of Varni the Vampire Vol. 2 Read by Richard Wallace Liberty, Missouri 5 May 2009 Chapter 111 of Varni the Vampire Vol. 2 This is a LibriVox recording all LibriVox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit LibriVox.org Recording by Nicole Carl St. Louis, Missouri November 2008 Varni the Vampire Vol. 2 by Thomas Prescott Prest Chapter 111 The wedding day fixed and the guests invited When she was to receive so handsome a reward for the intelligence that she had wrung a reluctant consent from Helen to be the Baron's bride it was not likely that Mrs. Williams would let a long time lapse before she communicated that fact to him and accordingly she started to do so personally It would appear that the Baron fully expected her for he made no remark at all expressive of surprise but received her with that courtly grace which Mrs. Williams attributed to his intercourse with the highest and the noblest He did not seem so impatient as anyone would have supposed a very ardent lover would have been and before he would allow Mrs. Williams at all to enter into the object of her visit he requested her to be seated and would insist upon placing before her some of the very choicest refreshment Indeed as often as she then attempted to enter into the subject matter which had brought her there he interrupted her with some remark of a different nature so that she found it very difficult to say anything regarding it At length, however, when he had satisfied the claims of hospitality he said I presume that I have the pleasure of listening to something particularly pleasant and delightful to me the realisation of my dearest hopes Why my Lord Baron, I must confess said Mrs. Williams that notwithstanding the extremely liberal office of Admiral Green Admiral Green, Madam this is the first moment I have heard of such a personage No doubt, no doubt but for all that, since we have had the honour of your offer for the Hand of Helen Admiral Green has made one and such a liberal one that it's quite distressing to refuse him then allow me to say, Madam, that I hope you won't distrust yourself about it but accept of Admiral Green at once I should be very sorry indeed to stand in the way of any advantageous arrangement and therefore I beg you will close with Admiral Green The adage about coming to the ground between two stools forcibly presented itself to the memory of Mrs. Williams and she replied in a great hurry Oh no, Baron, certainly not I have refused the Admiral on your account I told him most distinctly that I could not think of entertaining his offer for a moment and I refused him at once Then why trouble me about him, Madam? Oh, I thought I would only merely mention it because the Admiral said he would have great pleasure which, of course was a very liberal thing of him and hunting me a check for two thousand pounds Oh, now I understand said the Baron I give you credit, Madam for having a good reason for making this report to me You think that I may be induced to emulate the munificence of Admiral Green but when I assure you that I have not the remotest intention of doing so probably you will think that it would have been just as well if the matter had never been mentioned The Baron was right when Mrs. Williams did think so and she felt all that bitterness which wonderfully clever people do feel when they find that some pet scheme has most signally failed leaving behind it all the consequences of a failure and whatever people may say to the contrary failures do always have bad consequences and never leave the circumstances exactly what they were There was rather an awkward pause of some moments duration and then Mrs. Williams thought she would get over the Baron completely but on the most amiable smile she could and said My dear Baron, I'm sure we shall all be the most heavy and united family that can possibly be imagined and it is the greatest pleasure for me to be able to give you the intelligence that my daughter has consented to become yours Madam I am much obliged And although Admiral Green did say that if I were to bring him similar intelligence he would there and then on the spot without further delay Hand me two thousand pounds I said to him, Admiral Green I am only to get five hundred pounds from the Baron's storm lawyer of Salzburg and that five hundred pounds he has likewise promised to pay me down Down, you understand Baron? Madam, I am not deaf but you understand down Oh I begin to see you want the money Well, could you not say so at once? It's of no use hinting things to me but if you had said to me at once Baron, I have brought you the consent to the marriage and now I expect at once the five hundred pounds that I am to receive for doing so I would have understood you and said it once Oh, certainly Madam, here is the money as I do now You will find that check drawn for the amount What a charming thing it is said Mrs. Williams What a charming thing it is to do business in such a real business sort of way but there are so few people Baron and upon whom one can so thoroughly depend as one can upon you Madam, you do me too much honour of course having promised you this insignificant sum of money it was not likely that I should but keep my word and now let me ask when is to be the happy day? If this day week will suit you Baron wonderfully well Madam, wonderfully well Then we will consider that as settled I suppose you will have a public marriage? No, no strictly private I am resolved Madam not to have more than one hundred and fifty people and to keep the expenses within a thousand pounds so you see I am going to do it in the plainest possible manner and make no fuss at all about it Gracious province thought Mrs. Williams What would he call a public marriage if he considers a thousand pounds expense one hundred and fifty guests a private one and making no fuss about it On one of my formal marriages said the Baron with an arrow of abstraction One of them said Mrs. Williams May I presume to ask how often you have been married my lord Oh certainly let me see I think eleven times Eleven and Prisa what became of your wives Wife really Madam I cannot say I hope the majority of them went to heaven but there were one or two I most heartily wished at the other place My gracious thought Mrs. Williams he is quite a blue beard but however things have gone too far now and I am not going to give up my check if he had twenty wives and after all it shows he must be a man of great experience and of great wealth too or so many women would not have had him but if that little fact about all his wives should come to the ears of Helen I am really afraid she wouldn't have him so I must caution him about it My lord Baron Yes Madam I think between you and I my lord Baron that it would be quite as well to say nothing to my daughter about her being the twelfth wife but just let her quietly think she is the first because you know my lord young people have prejudices upon these subjects and she might not exactly like the idea Oh certainly Madam I shall not mention the little affairs that have preceded hers I assure you I am quite aware that it is likely there should be a prejudice against a man who has had eleven wives and people will think that he smothered a few of them Good gracious said Mrs. Williams You don't mean that my lord Baron I hope that nobody other accused you of such a thing Nay said the Baron How are the best of us to escape censure No as well as I Mrs. Williams what a bad world it is we live in and how dreadfully selfish people are Yes That's remarkably true but it aint often my lord Baron that one man has eleven wives No and it aint often that such a man would exactly like to venture upon a twelfth Well no there is something in that but I will now my lord take my leave entertaining no doubt whatever but that this will be an extremely happy marriage and in every respect just what we might all of us desire Mrs. Williams left the Baron with these words but to say that she would leave them would be to make by far too powerful an experiment upon the credulity of our readers When he was alone the Baron smiled a strange and ghastly smile That woman he said is so fond of gold that she sells her child without hesitation to me if upon hearing of my pretended marriages she gave me back my money I should have thought some good of her but no that she could not do money as her idol and when once in her possession she could not dream of parting with it but what is that to me have I not made up my mind this affair let the consequences be what they may have I not resolved upon it in every possible shape cast aside all feelings of regret and live for myself alone for what have I now to hope and what have I now to fear from mankind hope? did I say I had nothing to hope I was wrong I have something to hope and it is something I will have it is revenge yes it is revenge revenge which I must and will have against society has made me what I am and the time shall yet come when my name will be a greater terror than it is and that to someone needless for it is such a terror already but to mention it would cause a commotion of frightful inquietude he looked from one of the windows of his home and he saw Mrs. Williams as she proceeded down one of the garden walks take his check out from her reticule where she had placed it and looked at it attentively ah he said now she is worshiping her divinity gold she knows that that price of paper carries weight with it and that flimsy as it looks it is sufficient to purchase her fool fool and she thinks she is by contentment End of Chapter 11 Chapter 112 of Varney the Vampire Volume 2 This is a LibriVox recording all LibriVox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit LibriVox.org Recording by Nicole Carl St. Louis Missouri December 2008 Varney the Vampire Volume 2 by Thomas Prescott-Prest Chapter 112 The Singular Invitation to the Baron's Wedding About three days after the transactions which we have just recorded the Admiral received a call from his friend the attorney and that call had a double object in the first place the man of law wanted to tell him how he was proceeding as regarded the Quaker and there they had a great tussle about what was to be done for when the attorney said to him Now Admiral, as regards to this assault upon Mr. Shepard all that can be done is to let him prove his case and then come up for judgment and move in the court in mitigation I dare say you will be dragged up to Westminster Hall for judgment and I would not at all wonder but you will get off with a fine of six in eight minutes What do you mean said the Admiral by letting him do what he likes In effect it is the same thing as pleading guilty, you know to a charge brought against you and by so doing you to a great extent disarm justice Guilty! roared that Admiral Guilty! You will be a long time indeed in convincing me that there is any guilt in kicking a Quaker and especially such a Quaker as Mr. Shepard Why, I'll do it again and think it as I do now a meritorious action Yes, but you misunderstand me it is called guilt you know, in law to do anything contrary to law and by pleading guilty you do no more than just admit the fact that you have kicked the Quaker That's quite another thing I have no objection to the fact whatever, but don't call it being Guilty for that's all moonshine and I won't have it at any price Guilty be hanged I think I see it Guilty of kicking a Quaker indeed I have half a mind to go and kick him again just on purpose and I don't know but what I may do it yet Well, well Admiral now that we have settled that naughty point I have got something else to tell you of a more agreeable nature Out with it Out with it it is this you recollect that upon the marriage of Ms. Floor Bannerworth with your nephew Mr. Charles Howland for as far as the marriage was concerned they all got the better of the old man Yes the marriage feast you recollect that upon that occasion you gave me leave to invite a number of persons all of whom were very grateful and thought very highly of you and the honour of coming into your company A devil of a sensible fellow this lawyer is, thought the Admiral it's enough to make one take to lawyers I'll be hanged if it ain't Go on, go on, whatever all that I am sure I was as well pleased to see them all as they were to see me Well sir, it appears that some of these persons and especially a family of the name of Clark have been exceedingly anxious to bestow some civility upon you in return and as they have been invited to a wedding they wish to prevail upon you to go with them as it would be a very stylish affair Well, I don't mind, said the Admiral Where is it? It's as far as 20 miles off at a place called Anderbury and it is wished that you should bring anybody you like with you upon the occasion Well, it's civil at all events and I don't mind if Henry and Charles and Flo are like it going but when you mention Anderbury I'll be hanged if I don't think that's the very place that Jack Pringle has gone to with assault water for the benefit of his health Well sir, it will have none the less recommendation to you I dare say that it is close to the sea You're right there and I can tell you I was thinking of going myself because you know what suits Jack in those respects is pretty well sure to suit me and I thought as that Fagabond was enjoying himself down by the sea coast I might as well go and do so likewise Well sir, then I may consider I have your full consent to the arrangement and I am sure it will be received by the parties with a great deal of satisfaction indeed Well, well, somehow or another you talk me over to things so I'll go without making any more fuss about it and I will take Henry with me and Charles and Flora and I'd take Old Varni the Vampire too if we had him here it would be a good bit of fun to take such a fellow He would not be the most welcome guest in the world No, I should think not But who are invitations to come from? They will come from the bride's mother as the people I have told you are so anxious to take you with them are friends of hers Very good, very good So as that's all right I will speak to Henry about it and Flora and I dare say we shall all manage to get there comfortably enough Let me see two stages for post horses Well, well, well, yeah you may look upon it as decided it is to be, and there is an end of it In due course on the following day there came a note to Admiral Bell enclosing a card on which was said Mrs. Williams requests the honor of Admiral Bell's company with his party to breakfast on the 10th instant at two o'clock on the occasion of the celebration of the nuptials of Miss Helen Fedora Williams with the baron and a small air of Salzburg at Anderbury on the mount The devil said the Admiral this is not a fair something splashing and out of the way I should say breakfast at two o'clock that's the dis piece of humbug in the whole affair Who the devil is to wait for the breakfast until two o'clock I never heard anything better than that but I suppose there will be something to eat so I shall take the liberty of having my breakfast at seven in the morning and calling that my dinner and my lunch I will manage to get at some inn on the road with this card of invitation in his hand the Admiral went to Flora and laid it before her saying here will be fine fun Flora for you this is the invitation I spoke to you of and they are going to have breakfast at two o'clock lunch I suppose at five dinner at nine a cup of coffee at about twelve supper at four o'clock in the morning and I suppose they will get to bed at about daybreak Flora laughed as she perused the card and then she said it certainly promises to be quite a fine affair uncle and it all events as we are the only guests we shall be able fully to enter into the amusement of the affair if there will be any way and I am inclined to think there will be by the rather pompous reading of the card of invitation which has been so civilly sent to us if they are ridiculous people Admiral we will laugh at them and they cannot expect but that we should and if they should turn out to be otherwise they may become very pleasant acquaintances you know assuredly and it will not do to judge of people anyway by such a trivial piece of evidence as the card of invitation can afford to one so I will endeavour to go to the wedding with an impression that they are agreeable people an impression which considering the complimentary manner in which they have invited us we ought to cultivate very good and do you speak to Charles about it for I have not had an opportunity of doing so and as the people have invited us handsomely I think we ought to go in a manner so as to do them as much credit as possible and therefore I should say that a coach in four with postillions will be the plan and look rather stylish oh uncle you will be mistaken for the bride's room shall I very well I am quite willing that I should be always provided I might chance to admire the bride but if I do not you may be sure that I shall take plenty good care to explain the error end of chapter 112 chapter 113 the report which in accordance with what he had heard from Mrs. Williams Jack Pringle felt himself compelled to make to the young man whom he had saved from the wreck but too surely convinced him that all his hopes were dashed to the ground and it was indeed but too true that Helen had consented to become the wife of another there could be no mistake in the affair or the slightest loophole for escaping an entire and complete conviction of the faithlessness of her in whom he had so deeply confided for his future happiness the blow appeared to fall upon him with a stunning effect and for some time he seemed to be quite incapable of thought or action but Jack Pringle rallied him upon the state of things and tried hard to induce him to view the matter with the same kind of philosophy that he would have brought to bear upon it come, come, he said don't be downhearted about a woman cheer up my lad there's many a better fish in this sea than has ever yet been got out of it you may depend upon that I could have staked my life upon her good faith likely enough and so can we all upon the good faith of a woman we happen to love and admire but what is there in the old wide world so common as being jilted by a wench and when it does happen a man should whistle her down the wind and forget her all at once and for ever I have no doubt said James Anderson that such is good philosophy but it's a hard thing to tear away from the heart at once an image that has lain enshrined in its inmost recesses for many a month perhaps it is but the best remedy in all the world is to look about for another I know that from experience in these matters you do so and you will soon be able to forget the girl who has jilted you James Anderson shook his head and smiled faintly as he said I fear I should never love another as I have loved her the heart when once it has loved as I have loved can never know another feeling I cannot with any hopes of success undertake such a mode of cure as that which you point out to me oh you will think differently in a little while I can tell you time does wonders in these cases and before you are a month older you will be in quite a different frame of mind to what you are now I must confess I should not like to be all my life the subject of never-ending regret but at the same time I do feel that let what chances may be for me I shall never feel another disappointment so bitter as this James Anderson upon making these few remarks showed a disposition to drop the subject and as it was one which certainly concerned himself more than anyone else Jack Pringle and the fisherman both agreed to say no more about it and it rested but although he said nothing the matter was far indeed from being absent from the mind of James Anderson for it occupied him wholly and engaged his attention to that extent that all other thoughts were excluded there from most entirely and completely those who had afforded him so kindly a shelter were not unobservant spectators of the state of his mind and Jack Pringle strove to move him from it by calling his attention to his obligations and duties and other respects come mess me he said ain't it time you should think ago into London to make your report of how you lost the dispatchers that your captain committed to your care it is so Sir James Anderson and I shall start this evening that's right and the best thing you could possibly do I can tell you you will get some new appointment and in the bustle of life you will soon forget all disappointments whatever if you go regularly into the service you are young enough yet to rise in it and you may yet live to have a pair of swabs upon your shoulders I can tell you at all events Sir Anderson I can have the comfort of knowing that I have by being wrecked here made some acquaintance which I hope I may always have the pleasure to retain I feel myself now quite well enough to walk and I will go into the town and make some preparations for getting on to London which I am by your liberality Mr. Pringle enabled to do Jack made a wry face as he said whatever you do Miss mate don't call me Mr. Pringle my name's Jack Pringle it always has been Jack Pringle and always will be I begin to think that something must be the matter when anybody calls me Mr. Pringle and I don't like it a bit I will again then offend you by calling you Mr. but you shall be Jack Pringle if you like to me and I can only say that a more esteemed friend surely I shall ever encounter in this world Jack was always much more easy under censure let it come from where it might than under praise and consequently he fidgeted about in a most alarming manner while James Anderson was professing to him his grateful feeling and at length he said be lay there be lay there old fellow that will do I don't want any more of that I can tell you save a fellow man's life without it being at all sorts of odd times thrown in his teeth in this way don't say any more about it I ain't used to being persecuted this was no affectation in Jack Pringle on the contrary it really was to him a positive persecution to be praised and as James Anderson now felt fully convinced that such was the case he determined upon avoiding such for the future towards the dusk of the evening having attired himself as respectively as the wardrobe of the old seaman and his son would permit him for his own clothing had been completely spoiled by the salt water he proceeded to the town of Anderbury by so proceeding Jack Pringle considered that his principal business would be to get some means of quick conveyance to London but James Anderson had another motive in his walk to the town which he communicated to no one that motive was a strong desire to see Helen Williams if he possibly could before he left in order that he might hear from her own lips what it was that prevented her continuing her plighted faith towards him for he could not from all he knew of her character bring himself to believe that it was the wealth of her new suitor that had had any effect upon her no, no, he said I know her far better than for one half instant to do her such an injustice she must have been imposed upon with some account of my death or some artful and well arranged tale of perhaps faithlessness upon my part has hurried her into the acceptance of the first offer that has been made to her if I could but obtain an interview with her for a few brief moments I should know all and either be able to take her to my heart again or to find ample reason for forgetting her he knew the way well to that house where he had frequently watched Helen enter and emerge from but how to send any message to her was a matter which required great consideration he had been absent long enough no doubt for some changes to have been made in Mrs. Williams's household so that although there had been in old times a servant who was favourable to him and who would not only have taken his message to Helen but would have told him all the news of the family she no doubt had long since left after thinking over the matter for some time so as to come to a conclusion that the difficulty about getting any message or note delivered to Helen almost amounted to an impossibility he saw a boy come out of the house apparently to go on some errand and with a feeling more of desperation than reflection he spoke to him saying I think you came out of Mrs. Williams's house my lad yes I did said the boy that hit one of your own size I haven't done nothing to you you mistake all together my boy I'm not going to touch you you may depend but on the contrary I will reward you if you will answer me what questions I shall propose to you and I assure you they are all such as you may honestly answer well I don't know how much one shilling for every question that's a wrong way of doing business but it ain't so bad either ask away and you shall soon see how I'll learn the shillings is Miss Helen going to be married yes a shillings who too do the baron stall in there in a salt bug two shillings will you take a note from me to her if I reward you extra for so doing oh I begin to smell a rat yes I will you is some other lover you is three shillings I am one shilling what do you mean why my young friend if I pay you a shilling a question I don't see why I should not charge you at the same rate so don't ask me anything and then you will get all the shillings to yourself you understand oh I doesn't see any joke in that I don't want to ask any questions not lie what will you give me for taking a note I think I'll have a crown you are doing me in the post because you see if all mother Williams was to catch me she would serve me out pretty tidy you shall have your own price of half a crown and here is the note which I charge you mine to deliver into no hands but those of Helen herself oh I'll do it and what should I get if I bring you an answer back another half crown so you see you will make a very good evening's work of it indeed if you are clever and faithful give me the note I'll do it you may always trust me when there's anything to be got by it my father brought me up to get my living and they used to say to me Caleb, says he always do your duty Caleb to those who implore you when you go out to service in a family unless somebody offers you something more not to do it quite a philosophical maxim Sir James Anderson I suppose you are in the service of Mrs. Williams yes I have all work I am I do a little of everything and make myself generally useful where will you wait for me at this corner and with a due regard to performing your part well be as quick as you can on your mission for I'm rather impatient to see its results Caleb, the page of all work duly promised to be quick and after completing an errand that he had been sent upon by Mrs. Williams he returned to that lady's house we cannot help thinking that after the principles in which Caleb had announced he had been brought up it was rather an indiscreet thing of Anderson to trust him with a note that he had already prepared for Helen in case an opportunity should present itself of getting it delivered to her but he was desperate and perhaps he did not so accurately weigh the pros and cons of the affair as he undoubtedly ought to have done as it was however he had a faith in his messenger which we are sorry to say was most decidedly misplaced for Caleb did show that he had not forgotten the lessons of his paternal relative but that on the contrary he was disposed to carry them out with great tack and perseverance whether or not he would of his own accord have said about scheming in the matter we cannot say but at all events he was spared that trouble for Mrs. Williams had seen from one of the windows of her own house his interview with one who was a stranger to her for although she had once he went to see, seen James Anderson he was much altered and she did not recognize him and when Caleb came in she called him into the parlor and shut the door Caleb, she said I insist upon knowing immediately who you were talking to just now in the street and who gave you a note Caleb was rather staggered at this home question for he did not think that Mrs. Williams had seen him and after a moment's pause he said give me Mrs. to know give? give? how dare you ask me such a question it's no use Mrs. getting in a passion about it I've got an opportunity of earning eight shillings snugly and comfortably if you'll give me sixteen shillings I will tell you all about it and I don't mind saying beforehand that I know Mrs. as you won't think it dear at that price no, nor at three times as much if you could only guess what it was sixteen shillings? it must be something wonderful in the way of news that I would give you such a sum for that's just what it is Mrs come now is it a bargain because I'm in a hurry and I've got never such a load of things to do well, well Caleb tell me what it is and give me the note not till I have the money Mrs oh no I know's better than that I've got to hold on the fellow as you saw me with, but I haven't on you oh no, they're due to be I must have the cash first and then you shall have the information and they'll tell you again that it ain't dear at the price as you will own yourself the curiosity as well as the suspicions of Mrs. Williams were strongly excited for she began to suspect that something or other was going on in which her interests were involved in as much as upon mature consideration she had come to a conclusion that there was more in the visit of Admiral Green than quite met the eye well, well she said I have only gold in my purse but you shall have the amount you may depend Caleb, if I promise you I haven't a doubt in the world so Caleb but there is nothing like ready money, Mrs so just hand us a sovereign and here is for Shilin's change which will be right, you know, all the world over this was vexatious but as it was quite clear that Caleb had thoroughly made up his mind not to part with his information without the cash Mrs. Williams was compelled to hand the amount to him which she did not do with the best grace in the world and then she said now, I expect you to tell me all so I mean to Mrs you don't suppose I'd take 16 Shilin's of you and not tell you all as I have to tell you no, Mrs, I'd scorn the action well, well, don't keep me in suspense but go on at once I will there's a chap at the corner of the street who wants me to give this year letter to Miss Helen and bring him back an answer a letter to Helen this is news indeed and who was he that I don't know I was going to ask him but somehow or another I found out it was a great deal better left alone but I should not wonder, Mrs but you will find out who he is if you read the note people, you know, usually put the blessed names at the end of their letters unless they sense what is called a synonymous one this was a good suggestion of Caleb's and Mrs. Williams without the smallest scruple as to the fact of opening a letter addressed to another person tore asunder the envelope that covered young Anderson's epistle and read as follows in a sufficiently audible tone to enable Caleb to hear every word of it for in her intense eagerness to forgot the fact of his presence dearest Helen I can still address you as such because I have not yet heard from your own lips although I have from the lips of others that you have forgotten me can it be true that you are about in the face of heaven to plight those vows to another which were to be mine and mine only I ask of you but to meet me and tell me yourself that such is the case and you will meet with neither persecutions or reproaches from me tell me that you are oppressed and you know well that in me you have a defender name your own time and place of meeting me and by the boy who will deliver this to you let me beg of you by the memory of our old affection to send me an answer yours ever James Anderson I say Mrs. that's pitching it rather strong said Caleb End of chapter 113 Recording by Berenie Chapter 114 of Varney the Vampire, Volume 2 This is a LibriVox recording All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain For more information or to volunteer please visit LibriVox.org Recording by Berenie Varney the Vampire, Volume 2 Thomas Prescott-Prest Chapter 114 Mrs. Williams' Maneuver to Get Rid of Anderson This exclamation from Caleb informed Mrs. Williams of the fact of his presence and duly indignant was she at that circumstance for in her anger she immediately rose to execute upon him some vengeance and had he not adroitly eluded her by leaving the room there is no doubt she would have well made him remember such a piece of impertinent curiosity That wretch she exclaimed has overheard me and who knows now that he may actually go and tell the other if he would betray him he would betray me and what redress should I get for such a circumstance This was a mental suggestion which made it necessary Mrs. Williams should not only look over the fact of Caleb having stayed to listen to the letter but likewise see him and hold out some other inducements to him to be faithful to her however he might choose to behave himself to other persons Caleb, she said when she had summoned him again into her presence Caleb, you may depend I will make it well worth your while to attend to me in this affair and to know one else I can and will pay you well and when the Baron marries Miss Helen I dare say if you would like it I should be able to get you some great place in the house Well, Mrs. said Caleb I looks upon myself as put up to auction and the highest bidder always as me I don't mean to say but what you have done the right thing as regards to sixteen shillings so what would you like me to do next, Mrs. I want you to take a note back in answer to that which you have brought me but of course the young man who gave it must suppose that it came from my daughter Helen How much? What do you mean by how much How much am I to get, I mean Oh, I understand you How much do you expect for such a piece of service Something answer my should say What do you think a ten shillings in six pence, Mrs. I think it rather high, Caleb but nevertheless I shall not stop at a trifle in rewarding you provided always I may depend upon you down, said Caleb you know short reckonings make long friends, Mrs. besides it's always better not to let these things accumulate for if we goes on doing business in this here sort of way it will come to a good bit in a short time and then you would think it was too much and wouldn't like to pay it with a bad grace for Mrs. Williams never liked parting with her money she produced the sum which Caleb required for this new service remarking as she did oh, Caleb, you will soon grow rich if you go on this way likely enough, ma'am, said Caleb I like to be paid and I don't see why I shouldn't Mrs. Williams soon handed him the note which merely contained the words come at eight o'clock and ring the doorbell these words she wrote as much as possible in her daughter Helen's hand and having sealed up this extremely laconic epistle she handed it to Caleb directing him to go at once and deliver it to the party who was expecting him and we must say that this lad appeared to be one of the most thoroughly selfish rascals the world had ever produced for he was now quite willing for money to betray Mrs. Williams to James Anderson if there was any likelihood of his accomplishing such a purpose with safety but here some difficulties presented themselves which Caleb's natural acuteness enabled him very well to see in the first place James Anderson, he shrewdly suspected was not the sort of individual to be trafficked with as Mrs. Williams was and considering that he had already committed an immense breach of trust in giving the letter to Mrs. Williams instead of to Helen he thought, and we are inclined to think correctly enough that it would be rather a hazardous thing to say anything to him about it No, no, he said I'll just give him Mrs. Letter for I don't half begin to like it that young fellow looks a chap that wouldn't mind ringing one's neck for one for half a pin so I'll just leave him alone and say nothing more about it James Anderson waited round the corner with considerable impatience for in consequence of the proceedings that had taken place at Mrs. Williams's Caleb had been considerably delayed when however he saw him coming hope again sprung up in his bosom and he felt all the agitation of extreme pleasure as he saw that Caleb had in his hand what was undoubtedly a letter when the boy reached him he advanced to meet him eagerly exclaiming as he did so you have the letter you have seen her and you have her answer now as Caleb had made up his mind to commit himself but as little as he possibly could with the young stranger he went upon the good old adage of the least being said the soonest mended and accordingly instead of making any remark which might at a future occasion be thrown at his teeth he satisfied himself by placing his finger by the side of his nose and nodding his head sagaciously he then handed to James Anderson the letter in the contents of which that individual became too much absorbed short as they were to pay any further attention to the messenger Caleb thought this a good opportunity of being off at once before any troublesome questions should be asked him so he made a retreat with all the expedition that was in his power James Anderson when he looked up from the perusal of the one sentence which the letter contained was astonished to find his messenger gone considering how very eager he had before been on the subject of the reward which he was to get for that service what can have become of the boy he said I had a hundred questions to ask him so well had Mrs. Williams succeeded in writing the handwriting of her daughter Helen that James Anderson was fully convinced the letter was written by the chosen object of his heart he certainly did think that it was cold and distant and that there might have been a word or two of affection at all events in it especially considering how long he had been absent and with what an untiring affection he had ever thought of her she might have told me that her heart was the same he murmured to himself or else she should have let me know at once that it was so altered I should not know it for the same but still it is something to look forward to an interview with her she may not have had the time to write anymore or perhaps she may have doubted the messenger and thought it unsafe to utter anything concerning her real feelings in this epistle thus hoping and trying to persuade himself of the best did James Anderson anxiously expect the hour when by the note that had been sent him he expected once again to look upon the face of her the remembrance of whom had sheared him in many a solitary hour and enabled him to bear up against evils and misfortunes which otherwise had been insurmountable it wanted but a very short time to eight o'clock and at five minutes before that hour James Anderson walked with trembling eagerness up the steps of Mrs. Williams' house door his hand shook as he placed it upon the bell handle and told himself that the time was come when all his doubts would be resolved and he should really know what he had to hope or expect or to fear there was certainly a something weighing heavily upon his heart an undefined dread that all was not well and during the interval between his ringing and the opening of the door he felt all that sickening sensation which is ever the accompaniment of intense anxiety and which renders it so fearfully painful a feeling the door was opened by a female servant who had received her instructions from Mrs. Williams so that she knew exactly what to say and without waiting for the visitor to announce himself she said are you Mr. Anderson sir yes yes he said then I am ordered to ask you to step into the back parlor all is right thought James Anderson she expects me and has prepared for my reception he followed his guide implicitly for he fully believed as who would not under the circumstances that she was in Helen's confidence and so could be safely trusted she led him into the back parlor where there was no one and then she said if you would be seated for a few minutes sir my mistress will come to you her young mistress she means thought James himself to wait with what patience he could assume and that under the circumstances was by no means a large amount for he had been kept in such a constant worry by what had occurred that suspense became one of the most agonizing feelings that he could possibly endure now that his fate was about so nearly to be decided it was no part of Mrs. Williams's plan to keep him waiting for she certainly had no fancy for retaining such a customer in the house as James Anderson for playing the double part that she was she knew not what sudden accident might happen to derange her plans and probably render them completely abortive for all she could tell Helen herself might actually descend the stairs and enter that very room where she hoped a short conference would suffice to get rid of the troublesome claims of James Anderson forever she was in the front parlor when he was shown into the back where they communicated by folding doors she had but to open these doors and at once show herself to the astonished Anderson who little expected on that occasion to behold the mother instead of the daughter he gave a sudden and violent start of surprise but as Mrs. Williams had determined to do the dignified and to call herself quite an injured person she took no notice of the evident agitation of his manner but said with an assurance only she could have aspired to may I ask, sir under what pretense you write notes to my daughter at such a time as this notes which appear to me to be highly calculated to do her some serious injury and consequently which I cannot but think are intended for that precise purpose Mrs. Williams said James Anderson since it appears that I have been betrayed and that the messenger I perhaps foolishly trusted has delivered to you instead of your daughter the note I address to her I have only to say I beg your pardon, sir said Mrs. Williams, interrupting him but as it was from my daughter I received your note you may spare yourself the trouble of blaming the lad whom you had to seduce from his duty by bribes and corruption from your daughter yes, sir from my daughter I flatter myself that there is too good an understanding between my daughter and me for her to keep as a secret such a circumstance this was a very unexpected blow to James Anderson a blow indeed which he was totally unprepared for and yet although he doubted he had no means of disproving what Mrs. Williams chose to assert in the matter and she quickly saw the victory she had gained over him and the difficulty in which he found himself sir, she said if you have anything more to add to what you have already said my daughter desires that you should inform me of it and if it consists of such matter as she can properly take notice of she will reply to it by letter but she most unhesitatingly declines an interview which she considers cannot be productive of anything but unpleasantness to all parties and most of all to her considering her peculiar situation and that she is so soon about to alter her condition and become the wife of the barren stall-murder of Salzburg I'll not believe it Sir James Anderson unless I hear it from her own lips I suppose sir when you see it announced in the county chronicle you will believe it that, Sir James Anderson it never will be for I cannot, will not, dare not think that one whom I have loved so well would be so false false, sir what do you mean by that I shall really have to speak to the barren if you use such expressions towards his intended wife I'll speak to the barren, said James and that in a language she shall understand to you if I come across him if you threaten it will be my duty to inform the barren so that he may take such legal steps as he may be advised I repeat to you Mrs. Williams that I will not believe it and since you force me to such a declaration I have no hesitation in saying that I think you are quite capable of selling your daughter to the highest bidder and that the barren you mention probably occupies that unenviable position a position which no gentleman would for a moment wish to occupy in which he perhaps is not fully aware of I will see him and explain to him that there are prior claims to the hand as well as to the affections of your daughter this threat rather alarmed Mrs. Williams for she thought it possible that if the barren really found there had been a former lover in the case probably much encouraged by the lady he might think his chances of happiness rather slender and decline keeping the engagement which she considered was so suspiciously commenced this might or might not be the result but at all events it was worth consideration and place the matter in rather a serious light therefore was it then that Mrs. Williams determined to have recourse to her last expedient and that was the production of the written promise to marry the barren which it will be recollected in the excitement and impulse of the moment she had succeeded in procuring from Helen well sir she said and of showing you that there is abundance of proof of what I have asserted proof madam nothing but an assurance from Helen herself can come to me in the character of proof in such an affair as this let me see her for the mere fact that you sedulously keep her from me involves the affair in a general aspect of suspicion read that sir and if you know anything of the handwriting of her whom you affect so much to admire it ought to resolve your doubts James Anderson took the paper in his hand and glanced upon it and by the sudden change that came across his countenance as he did so Mrs. Williams saw that it was having all its effect he could not doubt it he knew that signature too well he had it to some affectionate documents which he felt would remain by him to the latest day of his existence it was indeed a horrible confirmation of all that had been told him such a confirmation as he had never expected to see and which at one blow dashed all doubt to the ground now sir said Mrs. Williams with a triumphant air I trust that you are satisfied at all events of one fact and that is that my daughter had consented to become the Baroness Stolmure of Salzburg and without at all entering into the question of anything which may have passed between you and her upon other occasions I think you ought as a gentleman to perceive that the sooner you go away the better it is enough Sir James Anderson falsehood, thy name is woman I really can't see sir what you have got to complain of for people have a right to alter their minds upon the little affairs of life and I don't see then wherefore they should not have a similar privilege to regard something of more importance enough madam enough what steps I may hereafter take upon a due consideration of these affairs I know not but now I bid you farewell Mrs. Williams was very glad to hear these words or rather the last of them because she was in a perpetual dread during the whole of the interview that something would occur by which a meeting would take place between James Anderson and herself at which some very disagreeable explanation might take place it was a wonderful relief to her when he had left the house and she heard the street door close behind him and she drew a long breath when such was the case as she said to herself well, think the fates that job is over and what a good thing it is there is no knowing what mischief might have been the end of it if it hadn't been stopped as it has he is not a bad-looking young man and if he had had a few thousands a year I certainly should not have made any objections to his being my son-in-law but I positively cannot and will not have poor people in the family there is no end of trouble and bother with them and instead of getting your daughters offhand it's just taking on hand in addition some man for their amusement James Anderson went sorrowfully enough back to the fisherman's cottage where he related to the sympathizing old seaman what had occurred for Jack Pringle was not there and if he had been James Anderson knew very well he would have got no sympathy from him on account of the circumstance for the frailties of the softer sex did not seem to have any material effect upon Jack Pringle or his sympathies since by his own account he had been jilted so often that he now thought nothing at all of it end of chapter 114 recording by Berenie

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Walkaround on a New 2021 Toyota Tundra SR5, FOR SALE at Oxmoor Toyota

Walkaround on a New 2021 Toyota Tundra SR5, FOR SALE at Oxmoor Toyota Walkaround on a New 2021 Toyota Tundra SR5 https://bit.ly/3nB8saZ Welcome to Oxmoor Toyota in Louisville, KY. We understand that a personal video message may be the best way to introduce ourselves, our store, and the New, Used or Certified Toyota of your choice. At Oxmoor Toyota we give you easy access to the most up-to-date internet car buying tools: you can quickly view our new Toyota Specials, Used Car Specials, new Toyota inventory, used vehicle inventory, research or compare your new vehicle, request a test drive, apply for financing, schedule your next service appointment, or even get door to door directions. We make new and used car buying research, comparing, and shopping easier for you, so you can spend more time finding the perfect Toyota vehicle. Customer loyalty, pride, and attention to detail are just a few reasons car buyers visit Oxmoor Toyota. Our website provides great deals, incentives, and offers on the largest selection of new and used Toyota vehicles. Give us a call at (502) 565-0086 today! Our friendly and knowledgeable staff always exceeds expectations in helping you find your new Toyota vehicle. Also, don't forget to have your Toyota in Louisville serviced at Oxmoor Toyota. Our climate controlled customer drop off and delivery keeps you out of the weather, and our free WiFi and shuttle service takes you where you need to go. Come in today to see and drive the Toyota of your choice at Oxmoor Toyota in Louisville, KY also serving The greater Louisville KY and Southern Indiana metro market. We at Oxmoor Toyota appreciate you taking the time to visit us today-- Thank You! Hours of Operation Sales Mon - Sat: 9:00 AM -- 9:00 PM Sun: 12:00 PM -- 6:00 PM Service Mon - Fri: 7:00 AM -- 7:00 PM Sat: 8:00 AM -- 5:00 PM Oxmoor Toyota 8003 Shelbyville Road Louisville KY 40222 (502) 426-1200 http://www.oxmoortoyota.com http://www.oxmoorautogroup.com http://www.oxmoortoyota.com http://www.oxmoorchrysler.com http://www.oxmoorhyundai.com http://www.oxmoormazda.com http://www.oxmoorflm.com http://www.oxmoorcollision.com

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Good afternoon, everyone. It's Gabrielle over here at Oxmer Toyota. You all we're gonna talk a little bit about this is a 2021 it's a Toyota Tundra. This one is the SR 5. Now that extra your color is called Barcelona Red Metallic. Now for the lighting on here, you're going to have halogen headlights. You'll have the LED DRLs, and then you have the halogen fog lights. Now this Tundra is going to have the SX package. So with that you'll have your upgraded 18-inch black alloy wheels. Now you're going to have the predator tube step. You are going to have the black style handles on the side of the car and also on your mirrors. So with the SX package, you're also going to have the 10-way power adjustable driver seating and you'll have a four-way adjustable for your passenger seating. Now you are going to have an 8-inch touch screen. There'll be Android Auto with Apple CarPlay, and there's also going to be a backup camera. And then for the back, you are going to have a spray and bed liner back here. All right, you all so if you have any questions on this Tundra, feel free to let us know. All of our contact info is right here. Thanks you all for watching and I'll see you soon. Bye.

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The Lone Ranger - Ambush at Windy River

05/28/41, episode 1302 This episode provided by the Old Time Radio Researchers Group at Yahoo and at www.otrr.org -Video Upload powered by https://www.TunesToTube.com

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a fiery horse for the speed of light, a cloud of dust and a hearty high o' silver, the lone ranger. With the rise of the cattle industry in the western United States, the bands of outlaws that roamed the frontier turned to cattle rustling. The local sheriffs were unable to protect the lives and property of the ranchers, and it was not until the masked rider of the planes started his great fight for justice that the range country became safe for honest men and women. Return with us now to those thrilling days when the West was young. From out of the past come the thundering hoofbeats of the great horse Silver, the lone ranger rides again. Come on, Silver, we're heading for Windy River. There's going to be trouble. I owe Silver. West of Windy River, the range was open and deserted. Texas longhorns roamed free and wide, and only occasionally where they rounded up into compact birds. In the middle of just such a herd, a man stood stock still, eyeing the cattle who stood with lowered horns around him. Get away, you horny longhorns. Get. Oh, you don't. Look out there. I thought I was a goner for sure that time. That horn come near going right through me. Now calm down, calm down. Where's that dog gone whistle? Dog gone critters have caught right in the middle of them without a horse. They start getting spooky. They'll ride right over me. Trouble me into the dust. I won't never get out alive. This country's plum empty. There ain't nobody to help me. It's Tars out tonight, Kimisabi. It's dark night, huh? Tato. Uh-huh. Rain up. Don't you hear it, Tato? Why you turn head from side to side? I'm trying to figure out where it's coming from. There's a sound riding the wind, Tato. And turn your head this way and listen. Oh, how come they're here? That's cattle. I heard of cattle, Tato. Uh-huh. They must be down in that valley. It's too dark to see them, but that's where the sound comes from. Why, the mechs are strange. They sound as if they're going to stampede. What make them that way? They're no storm to scare them. Wait, Tato. Listen to that. Uh-huh. What did that sound like to you, Tato? That's not bird or animal. We're thinking the same thoughts, Kimisabi. That was so must be from a man. He must be in danger. And down in valley? Come on, Tato. Follow me. Get them up, scoundrel. Loosen your guns, Tato. There may be trouble. Huh? Teddy Silver, watch the ground. It's a bad place for a fall. Me here whistled. Maybe so we yell, huh? No, Tato. Don't raise your voice. There may be all those cattle need to start them on the run. They're planting cows up ahead. Easy. Easy now. Here are the steers, Texas longhorns. We'll have to get into our way right into them. I'm pretty nervous. Easy, Silver. Not too fast, big fellow. Those horns are sharp. You may not see anything. That was so keen from the center of this herd. Why a cattle getting herd in the first place? Yes, it is strange. Watch out. Uh-huh. Kim, big fellow. Look, Kimisabi. Up ahead of us. That's right. They're mad. Mr. Kim, get me out of here. Take it easy. We're coming. Get Mr. Stampeed. Get me out of here. We've come. The cattle are moving. Come on, Silver. This is no time for going slow. Charge right through them. Get them up, scoundrel. Help, Mr. Hurry up. We're going to lose our feet. We're coming on, Silver. Mr. Stampeed, they're on the front. Quick, up behind me. Give me your hand. Thanks, Mr. I feel he'd better settle this horse. Don't date me yet. We're not out of danger. Fellow, look mad. We've got to rag right through the herd again. We've got to outrun them before they go completely local. Use your guns. Fire at the ground. Whiten them away. We've got to get out. Come on, Silver. Come on, scoundrel. Keep driving, Mr. Keep driving. Hurry up, Silver. Yes, siri. Sure is good to see the morning sun again. Last night when your pard picked me onto his horse right, spanked in the middle of them longhorns, I figured we was all done for. Ah, we all right now. Yeah, thanks to him and you. I ain't seen him since he headed away in the dark. Who is he, Injun? Him friend. Yeah, but I couldn't get a good look at him. That white horse, in a way, talked. Seems like I should have known who he was. Him come back soon. You ask him. Injun, somebody galloping this way behind them cottonwoods. Reach for your gun. No, no, it's all right. That mask, friend. Pai! Pai, Kimusami! Wendy, I have news for you. Mr. If it's bad, I've heard enough. Hey, what in thunder? Your mask? All left while it was still dark, Wendy. A mask, man. You're an outlaw. You and the Indians. Don't make that mistake. Tonto and I are on the side of the law, always. Oh, take me from you, Mr. Your Mask. And only outlaws wear... Oh, wait. Wait a second before I say something I'll be sorry for. Injun, your name is Tonto. That right. You said that before, only I wasn't given ear. And that horse, mister, I heard you call him Silver. Or you're the lone ranger. Right. Randy, I found out what made your cattle stampede last night. He did? Here, look at this. Steady Silver. Silver him, not like same. I'll be dogged gone. It's the hide of a wolf. They were scattered all around there, Randy. The roll of them strung to windward of your cattle. They drifted down on your camp while you were sleeping. No wonder them long horns run for it. The smell of wolf is enough to drive cattle local. Hey, them wolves didn't put themselves there. You've got enemies, Randy. I reckon so, mister. I figured all that gent had to fight was the wind and the weather. Maybe some engines or renegade outlaws. But I never calculated I'd run into this. You know anyone who might have placed these wolf pelts there? I don't think so. My cowhands pulled up stakes and left the cause of a quarrel, but it wasn't them. Hey mask man, I've got it. I think I know who it might have been. Yes? The wolf pelts. Now there ain't nobody more likely to leave from around than the fella who makes his living hunting them, is there? A bounty hunter. Yeah. The more I think of it, the more likely it is. He's just a kind of armoury who do a sidewinder trick like that stampede. Who is he? Name him Randy and we'll help bring him to justice. Ah, what's his name? Mister, he's a big fella with you. Hey, somebody shooting at us. Where they shooting from? I don't see his soul. There. Look, it's across the river. Where's my horse? I'll show them. There isn't time for that. I'm kicking my stirrups loose. Hang on, both of you. You've cracked stirrups. Come on, Silver, that way. Don't let go of the stirrups. I'll keep them busy. Mister, where are you going? Heading for those cotton woods along the shore. It's the only shelter there is. Are you all right? I'm hanging on for all I'm worth. Me holds stirrups. He must have eaten them. You were almost there. Just a few more steps. Faster, Silver. Mask man, you saved us. You saved us. This is it. Whoa, Silver, whoa. Now we have some protection, Tutto. Split my rifle out of the saddle boot and get busy. Now count to do it. And you, Randy. I'll make sure as you can. Randy. What matter, Kim? Are you nuts? Oh, him lying on ground. Randy, I didn't notice. It ain't your fault, Mask Man. It was a right good idea. But that last bullet before we got in the shelter. I reckon that last bullet kind of nicked me. I feel kind of bad all of a sudden. Tutto, hurry. We've got to look after him. Coming any closer, Inchon? No. River too deep to cross. That's why Mask Man, not go cross river here. He headed upstream where he could swim Silver across the water, huh? Now you lay down. You hurt bad. I reckon it must keep you right busy, Inchon. Let me keep them busy. Tendon to me and firing shots, too. Not so bad men think we all here. If we'd have made a clump of cottonwood sooner, might not have stopped a bullet or... Oh, here. Here. You feel bad, huh? Water sure tastes good, Inchon. Am I hurt bad? You're not talk. No, I... No, you're not talk. Inchon? There were times like these when I kind of missed that whistle of mine. Huh? I got it from my son. Him and his ma are back in Stockton. Funny thing, that whistle sure helped me quiet down him cattle till they stampeded for real. Oh, you will not worry. Ain't worrying. Just thinking. Too bad that whistle got trampled under that stampede. Jimmy would sure like that whistle. Oh, you will not worry. Look what Hunter fixed. We're happy. Inchon, you carved a whistle. Sure sounds different. This one, Hunter carved with knife for bad men start shooting. Here. You're giving it to my boy, Inchon? Not right. For Jimmy. You keep... Hunter got another one. I don't know if I'll ever see him again. Or his mom. Oh, you will not say that. Nation, I sure wish the mask man would get to them always. Won't they never stop shooting? Keep shooting, boys. Randy's not caught in some place. We want to make sure he don't come out. Hey, Travis. You don't know if that horse for a bullet tunnels you off. Those umbrellas across the water shoot like magic. Hey, lifted my hat. Sometimes you're right, Prairie. What are you doing back there anyway? I told you to watch up River in case somebody tried down Flankus. Somebody has. That masked umbrae in the White Horse Travis. I hate to have back you when I've seen him start. He's over yonder in that clump of cottonwood. I've seen him, I tell you. He'll be along, Prado. Not umbrae, huh? That means there's only Randy and the engine across from us. And Randy's wounded. I've seen him catch a bullet just before they made shield here. Hey, Travis, listen. Shut up, Prairie. But Travis, that mask... I said shut up. I've been figuring something out. Who's watching the Ford downstream? Jet. Kino. All right, you umbraes. On your horses. You like I tell you. There's only two men over there now and one of them's wounded. Follow me. We'll cross to the Ford and close in on them. Yeah, without the mask, man, it'll be easy. If we want them killed, we gotta finish Randy for good. And that's just what we aim to do. Come on! Up through! Up through! Colonel Silver, it's just as well we rode right after that rider. There are too many of them for one man to handle. At least they can be stopped from crossing the river. We'll head right into the water, straight across. I don't can see us already. Look, he's waving. Get Randy ready, Kimosabi. We'll have to move. We'll have to stop them from crossing the Ford. In you go, Silver. Come now, Kimosabi. We got here just in time. How do you feel, Randy? Sorry we had to move you, but it was necessary. It wasn't far, mister. I did all right. We can stand them off here much better. They'll never cross the river at this point. Good thing you hear them talk. But they cross river. Let them get us, huh? They're starting into the river now, Kimosabi. Don't shoot, I'll handle it. No. I'll put a scare into them. That's far enough, unless you want to taste lead. Travis, it's a vast man. He must have been listening. I'm torching the river. Mister! Hand over Randy and go on your way. What do you want him for? I'll spin him over and we'll let you and the engine go. You hear that tunnel? Uh-huh. I mean to kill Randy. Oh, mister. I ain't going to last much longer. You and the engine save yourselves. We'll never leave you, Randy. We can defend ourselves as long as we keep them from this side of the river. Well, I'm tired of waiting. What's your answer? If you want Randy, you have to get all of us. Here's my answer, Travis. Curtain falls on the first act of our Lone Ranger story. Before the next exciting scenes, please permit us to pause for just a few moments. How to continue our story. The attack of the outlaws was successfully beaten off. And as night fell over the windy river, Tonto kept busy attending the wounded man. The Lone Ranger crept back from the river where he had braved death to fill the canteens. I'm glad you back safe, Kimosabi. Travis and his band are determined to get Randy Tonto. Can he be moved any further? No, it's not good. Him plenty tired. Just bringing him from the Cottonwood over here? That's right. Him plenty sick. He's got to live, Kimosabi. Tonto, not sure. I've been thinking it over, Tonto. I'll have to leave you. Huh? Travis will figure out some new way to get across the river. He's got too many men to handle except from this one spot. That's right. This is a natural defense position. But there's a limit to how long so few of us can hold out. Tonto, I'm going to ride a Stockton. Only, Savi. You bring back help, huh? You're needed here to tend Randy's wound. Besides, Silver and I can cover the ground faster. Here. You take canteen. No, Kimosabi. You'll need all the water you can get. Here, Silver. Mr. Just a second. Randy, I thought you were asleep. I can't sleep, past man. What is it? You'll leave it, huh? You heard us? Yeah. Here. You'll have to drink water. No. No, I ain't thirsty, mister. Yes? My wife and son, Aaron Stockton. Yes, Randy? Will you tell them goodbye for me? Goodbye? Randy, you're not... No, no need to fool me, mister. You're going to be all right. Oh, Tonto, care for you. You're mighty fine gents, both of you. But in case I ain't around when you come back, mask man. I'll talk to your wife and boy. Tonto made a whistle for Jimmy. Uh-huh. Not blown range of whistle now. Yeah. You carved it, engine. You think Jimmy... Randy, do you want your boy to have this whistle, the Tonto Curve? Will you give it to him, mister? You'll give it to him yourself. Steady, Silver. Yep. Oh, boy. Get you. Now, him go for help. He forgot to take the whistle for Jimmy. You hear, mask friend? Him say you give boy whistle. Yeah, but you... That mean you got to get well, savvy? Yeah. Yeah, I reckon I'm going to try. Listen, that man hear Lone Ranger right away. They're shooting. You not worry. Silver him and he pass. Yeast from the Wendy River, a flash of silver, gleaning in the pale prairie moonlight, racing for help. The Lone Ranger and the Great Force Silver. Come on, Silver. We've got to bring men. Cover the ground, Silver. Gleaning forward in the saddle, his keen eyes, searching the darkness beyond, his hand light on the reins, but guiding the Great Stallion surely over the rough trail. Watch out for that fallen cactus. Up, Silver. Oof, stunning on the dry dirt, covering the ground in giant strides, racing for town. We're heading for Stockton Silver. We've got to get more men before Travis attacks. Keep traveling, Silver. Yeast from Wendy River, the Great White Force and the Masked Rider. Riding east, riding for help. Faster, Silver. Faster. Faster, Silver. Ali, what's that? Better take a look out the window. Never seen anything like that in Stockton. Never before. Gosh, look at that big white horse. And all a man. Jim, what are you doing out of bed? Ma, look, the figure maybe it's a lynching. What are you talking about? You can see him clear in the moonlight. Look yonder. Why, it's Mr. Baker and Davey Andrews and Mr. Burnside, the Wells Fargo agent. They've all got their horses. And guns. Look at that man on the white horse, Ma. What can it be? Jim. Jim, I'm frightened. What? I don't know what it is, but I wish your father was here. Ma, you don't think anything could have happened to Pa? I wish he was here. Move together. Move. Ma. Ma, where are you going? Jim, that man shouted something about the Wendy River. That's where your father is. We've got to talk to that man. Stop! Wait! Wait, somebody! What is it? Mr., come here. Mr. The rest of you keep riding. Don't touch up. You must be Mrs. Randy. Mr., tell me straight. What's wrong out there? Has anything happened to my husband? I thought I could get a party together without a rousing you, Mrs. Randy. They're heading for the Wendy, ain't they? You must be Jim. How'd you know? From your father. He has a whistle for you, Jim. Mr., please. Mrs. Randy, a gang of outlaws led by a man named Travis or after your husband's cattle. Travis? Gosh, that hombres bad medicine. He and Totter are on the bank of the river holding Travis men off. Totto? My Indian friend. Mr., I don't serve him. He's heavy. If my husband's being shot at by a lot of men, why didn't he do what you did? Why didn't he straddle his horse and come back here into town? He can't. He can't? Well, I don't serve him. Mr., he's wounded. It's better not to move him just yet. But Totto's with him. That's why you come alone. That's why you made the long trip. The party is heading west as fast as they can travel. We'll get Travis. I promise you that. Mr., you've got to save him. You've got to. Stay here and don't worry about your husband. Come on, Silver. Gosh, Travis and his bunch of murder and skunks. Ma, that fellow wore a mask. Look, he's hurt bad and can't be moved. Jim, son, what did you say? Did you say that man on the white horse wore a mask? Pretty dark, Ma, but I've seen it. I've seen it under the brim of his stats. A masked man. Jim, saddle the horses. There's something mighty wrong. You think he's an outlaw too? Saddle the horses. We're riding after your father ourselves. Well, Travis may be poor and let it him right now. Saddle them horses. A couple more hours it'll be done. I reckon we missed that masked man when he brewed off. We've been shooting all night, Travis. I wonder if that masked man got scared. Not that funny. No, sir. We've got to figure some way to finish Randy off mighty soon. There's that engine there, too. Engines don't count. The masked combray hadn't outsmarted us. We'd be across that river right now. Travis, he ain't friggin' derailed. We've got to figure some way to finish Randy off mighty soon. There's that engine there, too. Engines don't count. Right now. Travis, he ain't friggin' derailed to afford again. That's suicide. Why don't we take them, tattle and head to the border? Because I ain't dumb like you, Prairie. Randy's got to be got rid of. Otherwise he could show his brand on them steers. You're making me right. Ah, that masked genhead didn't swam his horse across the river in. Hey, Prairie. Huh? Yeah, that's it. It's dark. Nobody's seen. What are you mumbling about, Travis? Follow me and get your horse. Boys, hold your fire a second. Everybody but Radler and Buzz pile on your horses. Watch your scheme, Travis. Radler and Buzz will keep on shooting across the water to make the engine that Randy think we're all still here. The rest of us are going along the bank of ways. Then we swim across and pile right into them, Savvy. Now you're talking, Travis. When you hear the shooting start over there, grab your saddles and hightail across the river. You and Buzz can get across easy and excitement. Kino, we'll get them from both sides, huh? Yeah. Reckoning will be right close to dawn. That's one dawn that Randy won't never see. You all set? Yeah, I can. Start shooting, you two. Come on, boys. It's almost dawn now. Yeah, engine. You feel better now, huh? No fever? I wish I was stronger. Not all right. You get strong soon. Not the best I could do would be to roll down a hill, I reckon. You see, engine, anything wrong? I mean, that like sound the shots from across water. Huh? All shots sound same. That not good. What you're talking about, engine. They're all shooting like blazes, regular, steadiest clockwork. But maybe they're fake. Maybe they're only two outlaws. Todd, are you sure? You listen. Guns not sound like different guns. Just two. Yeah. Now that you mention it, I ain't heard Travis' gun in quite a while. He has new sharps carbine, makes a snappin' sound like a whip. If them come from other side now, we have plenty bad time. But maybe... Yeah, tunnel, you got a plan? Maybe so. Maybe so. Come on, boys. Write them down. Engine. Engine, that's Travis. They're on this side of the river. Engine, they got us. What are you shooting at, Prairie? It's Sammy. It's the engine of Randy, right there. Huh? There, see him? You don't go, Engine. Can't you see? Straight down at them. A little heartbeat. It's just some miski. Sure looks like them in this kind of light, don't it? Yeah, they gotta be around someplace. Randy couldn't do no traveling. Look this spot over. Skip around. They can't be far up. Hey, Travis. Travis. Yeah, Rutler? Travis, any of the boys been down that way? Near the riverbank? Yeah, nobody. Kino, then there's them. Right down there. They must be trying to duck under the water and keep here. That's all I wanna know. Follow me. Get over there. Get over there. Right there's the place. Let me at him. Hey, who's that? Travis. Travis is a mask man. He's got a pussy with him. Travis, you're the man I was. Don't you wait. Get me a mask. All right, Travis. Your gun is gone. Don't shoot again, you got us. We give up. Don't shoot, don't. Drop your guns, all of you. You'll head them back for town, Sheriff. Mister, I'm sure we'll. Where's Randy? Taddo. Taddo. Travis, if you've done anything to Taddo. Wait a minute. We didn't find him. The whistle. Taddo. Taddo. You're safe. You're both safe. Yeah, mister. We rolled down to the hill in the water. I reckon you've come just in time. In your well, aren't you? He's in heat better now. Pretty soon, him all better. Then you'll head back to town with the others, Randy. I reckon so. Mister. Yes? You recollect what I asked you before. That whistle, Taddo made. Are you still sticking by your promise? Let me give it to my son, Jim. Randy, what do you think? Mark. Mark, look. It's power. The pussy is all right. And they got Travis and his whole gang. Molly. Jim Boy. Oh, it's good to see you. No, we were worried. We're so worried we rolled after the party. Are you all right? I will be soon, Molly. And these Ruslan skunks will land in the Kalibus thanks to the mask man. Did he help save you, Pa? Help. My son, he done it all. Him and his engine part. Oh, my gravy almost forgot. This here's for you. Oh, gosh. It's a whistle. Yes, sir. That's just what it is. A whistle. A present to you from the Lone Ranger. Gosh. Dan, did you, did you say the Lone Ranger? Sure. That's who that mask man is. Didn't you know that? I thought he was an outlaw. That's why I was so concerned. That's why we came out here as fast as we could travel. We were worried coming to pieces. We... Oh, Dan, if I'd known it was the Lone Ranger, I wouldn't have worried one bit. No wonder them wrestlers got caught. I know you have just heard. It's a copyrighted feature of the Lone Ranger, Incorporated.

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Djokovic Withdraws from Madrid Open 2023 | Tennis Talk News

The Madrid Open starts next week and Novak Djokovic has withdrawn from another huge event. Djokovic has been struggling with an elbow injury over the past few weeks. Will he be healthy to defend his Rome Open title? Get the LATEST tennis news 🔔 SUBSCRIBE here https://www.youtube.com/CamWilliams/?sub_confirmation=1 Join this channel to get access to perks: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCObs7FwjNmLB3u5fcHiLCWA/join — SOCIAL ACCOUNTS WEBSITE ➤ https://thetennistalk.com INSTAGRAM ➤ https://instagram.com/thetennistalk FACEBOOK ➤ https://www.facebook.com/Tennis-Talk-with-Cam-Williams-920458994806038 DISCORD ➤ https://discord.gg/wND3zvy TWITCH ➤ https://www.twitch.com/tennistalk/ PATREON ➤ http://bit.ly/31cTagG 14 DAY FREE TRIAL | TOP COURT TENNIS ➤ http://bit.ly/2Nk7Irf — Tennis Talk with Cam Williams is your home for all the ATP and WTA Tours Tennis Breaking News, Draw Previews, Live Streams Play by Play, Match Previews and much more. We cover the largest tournaments throughout the season including the Australian Open, Roland Garros, Wimbledon, US Open and talk about the best players including Novak Djokovic, Serena Williams, Rafael Nadal, Simona Halep, Roger Federer and Naomi Osaka. If you liked this video, then you will LOVE our latest playlist with MORE Breaking News. Click here for the playlist ➤ https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLcFR9mOW9rDKlJDA33iw3wuuIptp-I2Ad — Copyright Disclaimer : Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976, allowance is made for "fair use" for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use. Affiliate Disclaimer : This video contains affiliate links in the description. If you click on one of them, we will receive a small commission which helps us continue to provide more of this type of content. #Tennis2023 #ATPTour #WTATour #Nadal #Djokovic #Federer #Swiatek #Williams #Osaka

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Alright Chats there's some massive news coming in only about five minutes ago Novak Djokovic is not playing in Madrid the Madrid open He will not be playing which means it's the third out of the four master 1000 So we're not going to see Djokovic. He didn't play Indie whilst in Miami. He played Monte Carlo only winning a match there Of course Nadal is not playing in Madrid either, but let's go have a look at what Madrid have bought out a statement So here is from the Twitter of the Madrid open you can see there Djokovic is unable to compete at the Madrid open wishing you a speedy recovery We hope to see you back on court as soon as possible no lay. So there it is that is no official word from Djokovic But we have got word from we have got word from Madrid saying that he's not playing their tournament and again No Djokovic no Nadal had an event for the Send them once this year that was in the Australian open We haven't seen them play an event together since the Australian open and we don't know when maybe Rome I mean Nadal still unsure when he's coming back and you can only suspect that it's because of the elbow problem He was dealing with over the last couple of weeks. So let's hope Djokovic is healthy enough to play the French You know, he's one of the favorites. Of course, he's always a favorite at the Grand Slams He's trying to get that record trying to beat Raffer's record and you know win the French again for a third time As Raffer had a stranglehold over it over the last 20 years, but no Novak in Madrid no Raffer in Madrid It's gonna be an interesting tournament in Madrid another one up for grabs. Who's gonna win Madrid? Let me know if you're watching this video later if you're watching this as we speak in the chat Who is winning Madrid open now that the goats are not playing but Djokovic pulls out of Madrid

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2022 Panini Luminance Football 1 Box Break for Brett W

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What's going on everyone Sam here with late in sports car driven one box of 22 panini luminance for This is Brett W. It's a good luck here Brett. What's right? See what we got buddy? Kyle we got you right after buddy. You like the box lumens comes in. It's kind of fire scorching up DJ more Facebook Tyler B. Jake Ferguson Perry and Winfrey. It's gonna be James Cook 7 out of 249 bills We've got Dallas Goddard That is on the intensified Jersey card Don't really be going all in on this one player worn luminance Eagles guard Gotta be going nuts and vestige is George Kittle Box, I don't know dude. I hope so Here's strong junior Drake London Trayvon Walker Savage is gonna be Jonathan Taylor. No Darius learned that is 70 out of 100 You can understand why I said Jonathan Taylor because he's stiff arming with the ball on offense That is Alvin Kamara 46 out of 50. We've got auto jack cone for the Colts That's 136 out of 349 and sheesh is Dianthe Johnson She shan't a Johnson That works Kyle Phillips Calvin Austin Kyle Pitts, that's 117 out of 149 We've got oops points There you go and cam acres on the fusion. Nice. There you go. Nice fusion Short print there and last pack. Good luck here. That's Desmond Ritter rookie triple-quan brisker Jamison Williams right yep TJ Hawkinson 50 out of 249 We've got day one auto is gonna be Brian Robinson jr. Green, Inc. Nice one there or year one I should say I think it's a day one year one auto nice one there congrats on the green, Inc. And And dynamic is Aidan Hutchinson that'll do it for your break there Brett congrats on the hits buddy. We'll get them right out to you

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Life of Cicero, Vol. II | Anthony Trollope | Biography & Autobiography | Book | English | 1/8

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Chapter 1, Part 1 of The Life of Cicero, Volume 2 Cicero's life for the next two years was made conspicuous by a series of speeches which were produced by his exile and his return. These are remarkable for the praise lavished on himself, and by the violence with which he attacked his enemies. It must be owned that never was abuse more abusive, or self-praise uttered in language more laudatory. Cicero had now done all that was useful in his public life. The great monuments of his literature are to come. None of these had, as yet, been written except a small portion of his letters, about a tenth, and of these he thought no more in regard to the public than do any ordinary letter writers of to-day. Some poems have been produced, and a history of his own consulship in Greek, but these are unknown to us. He had already become the greatest orator perhaps of all time, and we have many of the speeches spoken by him. Some we have, those five namely telling the story of Verri's, not intended to be spoken, but written for the occasion of the day rather than with a view to permanent literature. He had been quite store, edile, pritor, and consul, with singular and undeviating success. He had been honest in the exercise of public functions when to be honest was to be singular. He had bought golden opinions from all sorts of people. He had been true to his country, and useful also, a combination which it was given to no other public man of those days to achieve. Having been pritor and consul, he had refused the accustomed rewards, and had abstained from the provinces. His speeches, with but few exceptions, had hitherto been made in favour of honesty. They are declamations against injustice, against bribery, against cruelty, and all on behalf of decent civilised life. Had he died then, he would not have become the hero of literature, the marvel among men of letters whom the reading world admires, but he would have been a great man, and would have saved himself from the bitterness of caesarean tongues. His public work was in truth done. His further service consisted of the Government of Cilicia for a year, an employment that was odious to him, though his performance of it was a blessing to the province. After that there came the vain struggle with Caesar, the attempt to make the best of Caesar victorious, the last loud shriek on behalf of the republic, and then all was over. The fourteen years of life which yet remained to him, sufficed for erecting that literary monument of which I have spoken, but his public usefulness was done. To the reader of his biography it will seem that these coming fourteen years will lack much of the grace which adorned the last twenty. The biographer will be driven to make excuses, which he will not do without believing in the truth of them, but doubting much whether he may beget belief in others. He thinks that he can see the man passing from one form to another, his doubting devotion to Pompey, his enforced adherence to Caesar, his passionate opposition to Antony, but he can still see him true to his country, and ever on the alert against tyranny and on behalf of pure patriotism. At the present we have to deal with Cicero in no vacillating spirit, but loudly exultant and loudly sensorious. Within the two years following his return he made a series of speeches, in all of which we find the altered tone of his mind. There is no longer that belief in the ultimate success of justice, and ultimate triumph of the republic which glowed in his verine and catalyne erations. He is forced to descend in his aspirations. It is not whether Rome shall be free, or the bench of justice pure, but whether Cicero shall be avenged and Gabinius punished. It may have been right, it was right, that Cicero should be avenged and Gabinius punished, but it must be admitted, that the subjects are less alluring. His first oration, as generally received, was made to the senate in honour of his return. The second was addressed to the people on the same subject. The third was spoken to the college of priests, with the view of recovering the ground on which his house had stood, and which Claudius had attempted to alienate for ever by dedicating it to a pretended religious purpose. The next, as coming on our list, though not so in time, was addressed again to the senate, concerning official reports made by the public soothsayers, as interpreters of occult signs, as to whether certain portents had been sent by the gods to show that Cicero ought not to have back his house. Before this was made he had defended Sextius, who as Tribune had been peculiarly serviceable in assisting his return. This was before a bench of judges, and separated from this, though made apparently at the same time, is a violent attack upon Vatinius, one of Caesar's creatures, who was a witness against Sextius. Then there is a seventh regarding the disposition of the provinces among the propritals and pro-consuls, the object of which was to enforce the recall of Piso from Macedonia and Gabinius from Syria, and to win Caesar's favour by showing that Caesar should be allowed to keep the two Gauls and Illyricum. To these must be added two others made within the same period for Cilius and Balbus. The close friendship between Cicero and the young man Cilius was one of the singular details of the orator's life. Balbus was a Spaniard, attached to Caesar, and remarkable as having been the first man, not an Italian, who achieved the honour of the consulship. It has been disputed whether the four first of these orations were really the work of Cicero, certain German critics and English scholars having declared them to be Parum Chicheronias, too little like Cicero. That is the phrase used by Knob, who published a valuable edition of all Cicero's works, after the text of Ernesti, in a single volume. Mr. Long, in his introduction to these orations, denounces them in language so strong as to rob them of all chance of absolute acceptance from those who know the accuracy of Mr. Long's scholarship. There may probably have been subsequent interpolations. The first of the four, however, is so closely referred to by Cicero himself in the speech made by him two years subsequently, in the defence of Plankius, that the fact of an address to the senate in the praise of those who had assisted him in his return cannot be doubted. And we are expressly told, by the orator, that because of the importance of the occasion he had written it out before he spoke it. As to the latinity it is not within my scope, nor indeed within my power, to express a confident opinion. But as to the matter of the speech, I think that Cicero, in his then frame of mind, might have uttered what his attributed to him. Having said so much, I shall best continue my narrative by dealing with the four speeches as though they were genuine. Side note, BC 57, Eitat 50. Cicero landed at Brindisium on the fifth of August, the day on which his recall from exile had been enacted by the people, and there met his daughter Tullia, who had come to welcome him back to Italy on that her birthday. But she had come as a widow, having just lost her first husband, Piso Frughi. At this time she was not more than nineteen years old. Of Tullia's feelings we know nothing from her own expressions, as they have not reached us. But from the warmth of her father's love for her, and by the closeness of their friendship, we are led to imagine that the joy of her life depended more on him than on any of her three husbands. She did not live long with either of them, and died soon after the birth of a child, having been divorced from the third. I take it there was much of triumph in the meeting, though Piso Frughi had died so lately. The return of Cicero to Rome was altogether triumphant. It must be remembered that the contemporary accounts we have had of it are altogether from his own pen. They are taken chiefly from the orations I have named above, though subsequent allusions to the glory of his return to Rome are not uncommon in his works. But had his boasting not been true, the contradictions to them would have been made in such a way as to have reached our ears. Plutarch indeed declares that Cicero's account of the glory of his return fell short of the truth. It may be taken for granted that with that feeble monster the citizen populace of Rome, Cicero had again risen to a popularity equal to that which had been bestowed upon him when he had just driven Catiline out of Rome. Of what nature were the crowds who were thus loud in the praise of their great consul, and as loud afterwards in their rejoicing at the return of the great exile, we must form our own opinion from circumstantial evidence. There was a mass of people, with keen ears, making artistic delight in eloquence and in personal graces, but determined to be idle, and to be fed as well as amused in their idleness. And there were also vast bands of men ready to fight, bands of gladiators there have been called, though it is probable that but few of them had ever been trained to the arena, whose business it was to shout as well as to fight on behalf of their patrons. We shall not be justified in supposing that those who on the two occasions named gave their sweet voices for Cicero were only the well ordered though idle proportion of the people, whereas they who had voted against him in favour of Claudius had all been assassins, bullies, and swordsmen. We shall probably be nearer the mark if we imagine that the citizens generally were actuated by the prevailing feelings of their leaders at the moment, but were carried into enthusiasm when enabled, without detriment to their interests, to express their feelings for one who was in truth popular with them. When Cicero, after the death of the five conspirators, declared that the men had lived, wixeront, his own power was sufficient to ensure the people that they would be safe in praising him. When he came back to Rome, Pompey had been urgent for his return and Caesar had acceded to it. When the bill was passed for banishing him, the triumvirate had been against him, and Claudius had been able to hound on his crew. But Milo also had a crew, and Milo was Cicero's friend. As the Claudian crew helped to drive Cicero from Rome, so did Milo's crew help to bring him back again. Cicero on reaching Rome went at once to the capital, to the temple of Jupiter, and their return thanks for the great thing that had been done for him. He was accompanied by a vast procession who from the temple went with him to his brother's house, where he met his wife, and where he resided for a time. His own house, in the close neighbourhood, had been destroyed. He reached Rome on the Fourth of September, and on the Fifth an opportunity was given to the then hero of the day for expressing his thanks to the senate for what they had done for him. His intellect had not grown rusty in Macedonia, though he had been idle. On the Fifth Cicero spoke to the senate, on the Sixth to the people. Before the end of the month he made a much longer speech to the priests in defence of his own property. Out of the full heart the mouth speaks, and his heart was very full of the subject. His first object was to thank the senate and the leading members of it for their goodness to him. The glowing language in which this is done goes against the grain with us when we read continuously the events of his life as told by himself. His last grievous words had been expressions of despair addressed to Atticus. Now he breaks out into a peon of triumph. We have to remember that eight months had intervened, and that the time had sufficed to turn darkness into light. If I cannot thank you as I ought, O conscript fathers, for the undying favours which you have conferred on me, on my brother, and my children, ascribe it I beseech you to the greatness of the things you have done for me, and not to the defect of my virtue. Then he praises the two consuls, naming them Lentulus and Metellus, Metellus as the reader will remember, having till lately been his enemy. He lords the praetors and the tribunes, two of the latter members having opposed his return. But he is loudest in praise of Pompey, that Samsecchiramus, that Chiruselemarus, that Arabarques, into whose character he had seen so clearly when writing from Macedonia to Atticus, that Cnayus Pompey, who by his valour, his glory, his achievements stands conspicuously the first of all nations, of all ages, of all history. We cannot but be angry when we read the words, though we may understand how well he understood that he was impotent to do anything for the republic, unless he could bring such a man as Pompey to act with him. We must remember too how impossible it was that one Roman should rise above the falsehood common to Romans. We cannot ourselves always escape even yet from the atmosphere of duplicity in which policy delights. He describes the state of Rome in his absence. When I was gone, you, you the Senate, could decree nothing for your citizens, or for your allies, or for the dependent kings. The judges could give no judgment, the people could not record their votes, the Senate availed nothing by its authority. You saw only a silent forum, a speechless Senate house, a city dumb and deserted. We may suppose that Rome was what Cicero described it to be when he was in exile and Caesar had gone to his provinces, but its condition had been the result of the crushing tyranny of the triumvirate, rather than of Cicero's absence. Lentilus, the present consul, had been, he says, a second father, almost a god to him. But he would not have needed the hand of a consul to raise him from the ground, had he not been wounded by consular hands. Catulus, one of Rome's best citizens, had told him that though Rome had, now and again, suffered from a bad consul, she had never before been afflicted by two together. While there was one consul worthy of the name, Catulus had declared that Cicero would be safe. But there had come two, two together whose spirits had been so narrow, so low, so depraved, so burdened with greed and ignorance, that they had been unable to comprehend much less to sustain the splendour of the name of consul. Not consuls were they, but buyers and sellers of provinces. These were Piso and Gabinius, of whom the former was now Governor of Macedonia and the latter of Syria. Cicero's scorn against these men, who as consuls had permitted his exile, became a passion with him. His subsequent hatred of Antony was not as bitter. He had come there to thank the assembled senators for their care of him, but he has carried off so violently by his anger that he devotes a considerable portion of his speech to these indignant utterances. The reader does not regret it. Abuse makes better reading than praise, has a stronger vitality, and seems alas to come more thoroughly from the heart. Those who think that genuine invective has its charms would ill spare Piso and Gabinius. He goes back to his eulogy, and names various praetors and officers who have worked on his behalf. Then he declares that by the voice of the present consul, Lentulus, a decree has been passed in his favour more glorious than has been awarded to any other single Roman citizen, namely that from all Italy those who wished well to their country should be collected together for the purpose of bringing him back from his banishment, him Cicero. There is much in this in praise of Lentulus, but more in praise of Cicero. Throughout these errations we feel that Cicero is put forward as the hero, whereas Piso and Gabinius are the demons of the peace. What could I leave as a richer legacy to my posterity, he goes on to say, opening another clause of his speech, than that the senate should have decreed that the citizen who had not come forward in my defence was one regardless of the republic. By these boastings, though he was at the moment at the top of the ladder of popularity, he was offending the self-importance of all around him. He was offending especially Pompey, with whom it was his fate to have to act. But that was little to the offence he was giving to those who were to come many centuries after him, who would not look into the matter with sufficient accuracy to find that his vanity deserved forgiveness because of his humanity and desire for progress. Oh, Lentulus, he says, at the end of the erration, since I am restored to the republic, as with me the republic is itself restored, I will slacken nothing in my efforts at liberty, but if it may be possible, will add something to my energy. In translating a word here and there as I have done, I feel at every expression my incapacity. There is no such thing as good translation. If you wish to drink the water with its life and vigor in it, you must go to the fountain and drink it there. On the day following he made a similar speech to the people, if indeed the speech we have was from his mouth or his pen, as to which it has been remarked that in it he made no allusion to Claudius, though he was as bitter as ever against the late consuls. From this we may gather that, though his audience was delighted to hear him even in his self-praise, there might have been dispute had he spoken ill of one who had been popular as tribune. His praise of Pompey was almost more fulsome than that of the day before, and the same may be said of his self-glorification. Of his brother's devotion to him he speaks in touching words, but in words which make us remember how untrue to him afterwards was that very brother. There are phrases so magnificent throughout this short piece that they obtain from us as they are read—forgiveness for the writer's faults—sic ulchisgar facinorum singular. Let the reader of Latin turn to chapter nine of the oration, and see how the speaker declares that he will avenge himself against the evildoers whom he has denounced. Cicero, though he had returned triumphant, had come back ruined in Perth, except so far as he could depend on the senate and the people for reimbursing to him the losses to which he had been subjected. The decree of the senate had declared that his goods should be returned to him, but the validity of such a promise would depend on the value which might be put upon the goods in question. His house on the Palatine Hill had been raised to the ground, his tuskill and informian villas had been destroyed, his books, his pictures, his marble columns, his very trees had been stolen. But worst of all, an attempt had been made to deprive him for ever of the choicest spot of ground in all the city, the park lane of Rome, by devoting the space which had belonged to him to the service of one of the gods. Clodius had caused something of a temple of liberty to be built there, because ground so consecrated was deemed at Rome, as with us, to be devoted by consecration to the perpetual service of religion. It was with the view of contesting this point that Cicero made his next speech, Prodomo Sua, for the recovery of his house, before the bench of priests in Rome. It was for the priests to decide this question. The senate could decree the restitution of property generally, but it was necessary that that spot of ground should be liberated from the thralldom of saccadotal tenure by saccadotal interference. These priests were all men of high berth and distinction in the Republic. Nineteen among them were consulares or past consuls. Superstitious awe affects more lightly the consciences of priests than the hearts of those who trust the priests for their guidance. Familiarity does breed contempt. Cicero in making this speech probably felt that if he could carry the people with him, the College of Priests would not hold the prey with grasping hands. The nineteen consulares would care little for the sanctity of the ground if they could be brought to wish well to Cicero. He did his best. He wrote to Atticus concerning it a few days after the speech was made, and declared that if he had ever spoken well on any occasion he had done so then, so deep had been his grief, and so great the importance of the occasion. And he had once informed his friend of the decision of the bench and of the ground on which it was based. If he who declares that he dedicated the ground had not been appointed to that business by the people, nor had been expressly commanded by the people to do it, then that spot of ground can be restored without any breach of religion. Cicero asserts that he was at once congratulated on having gained his cause, the world knowing very well that no such authority had been conferred on Claudius. In the present mood of Rome all the priests with the nineteen consulares were no doubt willing that Cicero should have back his ground. The senate had to interpret the decision, and on the discussion of the question among them, Claudius endeavoured to talk against time. When however he had spoken for three hours he allowed himself to be coughed down. It may be seen that in some respects even Roman fortitude has been excelled in our days. In the first portion of this speech, Prodomo Sua, Cicero devotes himself to a matter which has no bearing on his house. Concomitant with Cicero's return there had come a famine in Rome. Such a calamity was of frequent occurrence, though I doubt whether their famines ever led to the mortality so frightful as that which desolated Ireland just before the repeal of the Corn Laws. No records, as far as I am aware, have reached us of men perishing in the streets. But scarcity was not uncommon, and on such occasions complaints would become very loud. The feeding of the people was a matter of great difficulty and subject to various chances. We do not at all know what was the number to be fed, including the free and the slaves, but have been led by surmises to suppose that it was under a million even in the time of Augustus. But even though the number was no more than five hundred thousand at this time, the procuring of food must have been a complicated and difficult matter. It was not produced in the country. It was imported chiefly from Sicily and Africa, and was plentiful or the reverse not only in accordance with the seasons, but as certain offices of state were diligent and honest or fraudulent and rapacious. We know from one of the very iterations the nature of the Laws on the subject, but cannot but marvel that even with the assistance of such Laws the supply could be maintained with any fair proportion to the demand. The people looked to the government for the supply, and when it fell short would make their troubles known with seditious grumblings, which would occasionally assume the guise of insurrection. At this period of Cicero's return, food had become scarce and dear, and Claudius, who was now in arms against Pompey as well as against Cicero, caused it to be believed that the strangers flocking into Rome to welcome Cicero had eaten up the food which should have filled the bellies of the people. An idea further from truth could hardly have been entertained. No chance influx of visitors on such a population could have had the supposed effect. But the idea was spread abroad, and it was necessary that something should be done to quiet the minds of the populace. Pompey had hitherto been the resource in state difficulties. Pompey had scattered the pirates, who seemed however at this period to have been gathering ahead again. Pompey had conquered Mithridates. Let Pompey have a commission to find food for Rome. Pompey himself entertained the idea of a commission which should for a time give him almost unlimited power. Caesar was increasing his legions and becoming dominant in the West. Pompey, who still thought himself the bigger man of the two, felt the necessity of some great step in rivalry of Caesar. The proposal made on his behalf was that all the treasure belonging to the State should be placed at his disposal, that he should have an army and a fleet, and should be for five years superior in authority to every proconsul in his own province. This was the first great struggle made by Pompey to strangle the growing power of Caesar. It failed altogether. The fear of Caesar had already become too great in the bosom of Rome and Senators to permit them to attempt to crush him in his absence. But a mitigated law was passed, enjoining Pompey to provide the food required, and conferring upon him certain powers. Cicero was nominated as his first lieutenant, and accepted the position. He never acted, however, giving it up to his brother Quintus. A speech which he made to the people on the passing of the law is not extant, but as there was hot blood about it in Rome, he took the opportunity of justifying the appointment of Pompey in the earlier portion of this oration to the priests. It must be understood that he did not lend his aid towards giving those greater powers which Pompey was anxious to obtain. His trust in Pompey had never been a perfect trust since the first days of the triumvirate. To Cicero's thinking both Pompey and Caesar were conspirators against the Republic. Caesar was the bolder and therefore the more dangerous. It might probably come to pass that the services of Pompey would be needed for restraining Caesar. Pompey naturally belonged to the optimates, while Caesar was as naturally a conspirator. But there never again could come a time in which Cicero would willingly entrust Pompey with such power as was given to him nine years before by the Lex Manilia. Nevertheless he could still say grand things in praise of Pompey. To Pompey have been entrusted wars without number, wars most dangerous to the State, wars by sea and wars by land, wars extraordinary in their nature. If there be a man who regrets that this has been done, that man must regret the victories which Rome has won. But his abuse of Claudius is infinitely stronger than his praise of Pompey. In the passages in which he alludes to the sister of Claudius I must refer the reader to the speech itself. It is impossible here to translate them or to describe them. And these words were spoken before the College of Priests of whom nineteen were consulers. And they were prepared with such care that Cicero especially boasted of them to Atticus and declared that they should be put into the hands of all young orators. Montesquieu says that the Roman legislators in establishing their religion had no view of using it for the improvement of manners or of morals. The nature of their rites and ceremonies gives us evidence enough that it was so. If further testimony were wanting it might be found in this address, ad pontifices. Cicero himself was a man of singularly clean life as a Roman nobleman, but in abusing his enemy he was restrained by no sense of what we consider the decency of language. He argues the question as to his house very well, as he did all questions. He tells the priests that the whole joy of his restoration must depend on their decision. Citizens who had hitherto been made subject to such penalties had been malefactors, whereas it was acknowledged of him that he had been a benefactor to the city. Clodius had set up on the spot not a statue of liberty, but as was well known to all men, the figure of a Greek prostitute. The priests had not been consulted, the people had not ratified the proposed consecration. Of the necessity of such authority he gives various examples. "'And this has been done,' he says, by an impure and impious enemy of all religions, by this man among women and woman among men, who has gone through the ceremony so hurriedly so violently, that his mind and his tongue and his voice have been equally inconsistent with each other. My fortune,' he says, as he ends his speech, all moderate as it is, will suffice for me. The memory of my name will be a patrimony sufficient for my children. But if his house be so taken from him, so stolen, so falsely dedicated to religion, he cannot live without disgrace. Of course he got back his house, and with his house about sixteen thousand pounds for its re-election, and four thousand pounds for the damage done to the Tuscalan villa, with two thousand pounds for the Formian villa. With these sums he was not contented, and indeed they could hardly have represented fairly the immense injury done to him. CHAPTER 1 His Return From Exile Part II Side note, B.C. 56, I. Tat. 51. So ended the work of the year of his return. From the following year, besides the speeches, we have twenty-six letters, of which nine were written to Lentulus, the late consul, who had now gone to Cilicia as pro-consul. Lentulus had befriended him, and he found it necessary to show his gratitude by continued correspondence, and by a closer tendance to the interests of the absent officer. These letters are full of details of Roman politics, too intricate for such a work as this. Perhaps I might almost say too uninteresting as they refer especially to Lentulus himself. In one of them he tells his friend that he has at last been able to secure the friendship of Pompey for him. It was, after all, but a show of friendship. He has sopped with Pompey and says that when he talks to Pompey everything seems to go well. No one can be more gracious than Pompey. But when he sees the friends by whom Pompey has surrounded, he knows, as all others know, that the affair is in truth going just as he would not have it. We feel as we read these letters in which Pompey's name is continually before us how much Pompey prevailed by his personal appearance, by his power of saying gracious things, and then again by his power of holding his tongue. You know the slowness of the man, he says to Lentulus, and his silence, a slow, cautious, hypocritical man who knew well how to use the allurements of personal manners. These letters to Lentulus are full of flattery. There are five letters to his brother Quintus dealing with the politics of the time, especially with the then king of Egypt who was to be or was not to be restored. From all these things, however, I endeavour to abstain as much as possible, as matters not peculiarly affecting the character of Cicero. He gives his brother an account of the doings in the senate, which is interesting as showing us how that august assembly conducted itself. While Pompey was speaking with much dignity, Claudius and his supporters in vain struggled with shouts and cries to put him down. At noon Pompey sat down and Claudius got possession of the rostra, and in the middle of a violent tumult remained on his feet for two hours. Then on Pompey's side the optimates sang indecent songs versus obscenissimi, in reference to Claudius and his sister, Claudius. Claudius, rising in his anger, demanded, who had brought the famine? Pompey shouted the Claudians. Who wanted to go to Egypt? demanded Claudius. Pompey again shouted his followers. After that, at three o'clock, at a given signal, they began to spit upon their opponents. Then there was a fight in which each party tried to drive the others out. The optimates were getting the best of it, when Cicero thought it as well to run off, lest he should be hurt in the tumult. What hope could there be for an oligarchy when such things occurred in the senate? Cicero in this letter speaks complacently of resisting force by force in the city. Even Cato, the law abiding precise Cato, thought it necessary to fall into the fashion and go about Rome with an armed following. He bought a company of gladiators and circusmen, but was obliged to sell them, as Cicero tells his brother with glee, because he could not afford to feed them. There are seven letters also to Atticus, always more interesting than any of the others. There is in these the most perfect good feeling, so that we may know that the complaints made by him in his exile had had no effect of estranging his friend. And we learn from them his real innermost thoughts, as they are not given even to his brother, as thoughts have surely seldom been confided by one man of action to another. Atticus had complained that he had not been allowed to see a certain letter which Cicero had written to Caesar. This he had called a pallinodia, or recantation, and it had been addressed to Caesar with the view of professing a withdrawal to some extent of his opposition to the triumvirate. It had been of sufficient moment to be talked about. Atticus had heard of it, and had complained that it had not been sent to him. Cicero puts forward his excuses, and then bursts out with the real truth. Why should I nibble round the unpalatable morsel which has to be swallowed? The recantation had seemed to himself to be almost base, and he had been ashamed of it. But, says he, farewell to all true, upright, honest policy. You could hardly believe what treachery there is in those who ought to be our leading men, and who would be so if there was any truth in them. He does not rely upon those who, if they were true to their party, would enable the party to stand firmly even against Caesar. Therefore it becomes necessary for him to truckle to Caesar, not for himself, but for his party. Unsupported he cannot stand in open hostility to Caesar. He truckles. He writes to Caesar singing Caesar's praises. It is for the party rather than for himself, but yet he is ashamed of it. There is a letter to Luceus, an historian of the day, then much thought of, of whom, however, our later world has heard nothing. Luceus is writing chronicles of the time, and Cicero boldly demands to be praised, ut ornes me apostulem. I ask you to praise me. But he becomes much bolder than that. Again and again I beseech you, without any beating about the bush, to speak more highly of me than you perhaps think that I deserve, even though in doing so you abandon all the laws of history. Then he uses beautiful flattery to his correspondent. Alexander had wished to be painted only by Appellis. He desired to be praised by none but Luceus. Luceus, we are told, did as he was asked. B.C. 56. Eitat. 51. I will return to the speeches of the period to which this chapter is devoted, taking that first which he made to the senate as to the report of the soothsayers respecting certain prodigies. Readers familiar with Livy will remember how frequently in time of disaster the anger of heaven was supposed to have been shown by signs and miracles, indications that the gods were displeased and that expiations were necessary. The superstition, as is the fate of all superstitions, had frequently been used for most ungodlike purposes. If a man had a political enemy, what could do him better service than to make the populace believe that a house had been crushed by a thunderbolt, or that a woman had given birth to a pig instead of a child because Jupiter had been offended by that enemy's devices. By using such a plea the Grecians got into Troy, together with the wooden horse, many years ago. The Scotch worshippers of the Sabbath declared the other day when the bridge over the Tay was blown away that the Lord had interposed to prevent travelling on Sunday. Bro had not been long back from his exile when the gods began to show their anger. A statue of Juno twisted itself half round, a wolf had been seen in the city, three citizens were struck with lightning, arms were heard to clang, and then wide subterranean noises. Nothing was easier than the preparation and continuing of such portents. For many years past the heavens above and the earth beneath had been put into requisition for prodigies. The soothsayers were always well pleased to declare that there had been some neglect of the gods. It is in the nature of things that the superstitious tendencies of mankind shall fall a prey to priestcraft. The quarrels between Cicero and Claudius were as full of life as ever. In this year Claudius being Edile there had come on debates as to a law passed by Caesar as consul in opposition to Bibulus for the distribution of lands among the citizens. There was a question as to a certain tax which was to be levied on these lands. The tax-gatherers were supported by Cicero and denounced by Claudius. Then Claudius and his friends found out that the gods were showering their anger down upon the city because the ground on which Cicero's house had once stood was being desecrated by its re-election. An appeal was made to the soothsayers. They reported and Cicero rejoined. The soothsayers had of course been mysterious and doubtful. Cicero first shows that the devotion of his ground to sacred purposes had been an absurdity, and he then declares that the gods are angry, not with him, but with Claudius. To say that the gods were not angry at all was more than Cicero dead. The peace taken as a morsel of declamatory art is full of vigor, is powerful and invective, and carries us along in full agreement with the orator. But at the conclusion we are led to wish that Cicero could have employed his intellect on higher matters. There are, however, one or two passages which draw the reader into deep mental inquiry as to the religious feelings of the time. In one, which might have been written by Paley, Cicero declares his belief in the creative power of some god, or gods, as he calls them. And we see also the perverse dealings of the Romans with these gods, things which were very troublesome, not to be got over except by stratagem. The gods were made use of by one party and the other for dishonest state purposes. When Cicero tells his hearers what the gods intended to signify by making noises in the sky and other divine voices, we feel sure that he was either hoaxing them who heard him, or saying what he knew they would not believe. Side note, BC 56, Eitat 51. Previous to the speech as to the Aruspiques, he had defended Cestius, or Cestius, as he has frequently called, on a charge brought against him by Claudius in respect of violence. We at once think of the common place from Juvenel, which Tulleret Gracos de Seditione cuarentes. But Rome, without remonstrating, put up with any absurdity of that kind. Cestius and Milo and others had been joined together in opposing the election of Claudius as Edile, and had probably met violence with violence. As surely as an English master of hounds has grooms and whips ready at his command, Milo had a band of bullies prepared for violence. Claudius himself had brought an action against Milo, who was defended by Pompey in person. The case against Cestius was entrusted to Albinovannus, and Ortencius took the defense. Cestius before had been one of the most forward in obtaining the return of Cicero, and had travelled into Gaul to see Caesar, and to procure Caesar's assent. Caesar had not, then, assented, but not the less great had been the favour conferred by Cestius on Cicero. Cicero had been grateful, but it seems that Cestius had thought not sufficiently grateful. Hence there had grown up something of a quarrel. But Cicero, when he heard of the proceeding against his old friend, at once offered his assistance. For a Roman to have more than one council to plead for him was as common as for an Englishman. Cicero was therefore added to Ortencius, and the two great advocates of the day spoke on the same side. We are told that Ortencius managed the evidence, showing probably that Claudius struck the first blow. Cicero then addressed the judges with the object of gaining their favour for the accused. In this he was successful, and Cestius was acquitted. As regards Cestius and his quarrel with Claudius, the oration has but little interest for us. There is not indeed much about Cestius in it. It is a continuation of the peon which Cicero was still singing as to his own return, but it is distinguished from his former utterances by finer thought and finer language. The description of public virtue, as displayed by Cato, has perhaps in regard to melody of words and grandeur of sentiment, never been beaten. I give the orator's words below, in his own language, because in no other way can any idea of the sound be conveyed. Footnote, Chapter 28 Qua in tempestate saia quieta est, et lucet intenebris, et pulsa loco manet amen, et qu'e hairet in patria, splendet qu'e per se semper, ne qu'e alienis un quam so dibus obsolescit. Regard this as a perfect allocation of words in regard to the arrangement both for the ear and for the intellect. End of footnote There is, too, a definition made very cleverly to suit his own point of view between the conservatives and the liberals of the day. Optimates is the name by which the former are known. The latter are called populares. Attached to this speech for Cestius is a declamation against Vatinius, who was one of the witnesses employed by the prosecutor. Instead of examining this witness regularly, he talked him down by a separate oration. We have no other instance of such a forensic manoeuvre either in Cicero's practice or in our accounts of the doings of other Roman advocates. This has reached us as a separate oration. It is a coarse tirade of abuse against a man whom we believe to have been bad, but as to whom we feel that we are not justified in supposing that we can get his true character here. He was a creature of Caesars, and Cicero was able to say words as to Vatinius, which he was unwilling to speak as to Caesar and his doings. It must be added here that two years later, Cicero pleaded for this very Vatinius at the joint request of Caesar and Pompey when Vatinius, on leaving the pritorship, was accused of corruption. The nature of the reward to which the aspiring oligarch of Rome always turned his eyes has been sufficiently explained. He looked to be the governor of a province. At this period of which we are speaking there was no reticence in the matter. Ciriere or Macedonia or Hispania had been the prizes, or Sicily or Sardinia. It was quite understood that an aspiring oligarch went through the dust and danger and expense of political life in order that at last he might fill his coffers with provincial plunder. There were various laws as to which these governments were allotted to the plunderers. Of these we need only allude to the leges Semproniii or Laws proposed B.C. 1-3 by Caeus Sempronius Gracchus for the distribution of those provinces which were to be enjoyed by pro-consuls. There were Praetorian provinces and consular provinces, though there was no law making it sure that any province should be either consular or Praetorian. But the senate, without the interference of the people and free from the tribunes veto, had the selection of provinces for the consuls, whereas for those intended for the praetors the people had the right of voting, and the tribunes of the people had a right of putting a veto on the propositions made. Side note, B.C. 56, I dot 51. Now in this year they came before the senate a discussion as to the fate of three pro-consuls, not as to the primary allocation of provinces to them, but on the question whether they should be continued in the government which they held. Pisa was in Macedonia where he was supposed to have disgraced himself and the empire which he served. Gabinius was in Syria, where it was acknowledged that he had done good service, though his own personal character stood very low. Caesar was lured in the two ghouls that is on both sides of the Alps, in northern Italy and in that portion of modern France along the Mediterranean which had been already colonized, and was also governor of Illyricum. He had already made it manifest to all men that the subjugation of a new empire was his object rather than provincial plunder. Whether we love the memory of Caesar, as of a great man who showed himself fit to rule the world, or turn away from him, as from one who set his iron heel on the necks of men, and by doing so retarded for centuries the liberties of mankind, we have to admit that he rose by the light of his own genius altogether above the ambition of his contemporaries. If we prefer, as I do, the humanity of Cicero, we must confess to ourselves the supremacy of Caesar, and acknowledge ourselves to belong to the beaten cause. Wictric scousa deis placuit, said Wicta Catoni. In discussing the fate of these proconsular officials, we feel now the absurdity of mixing together in the same debate the name of Piso and Gabinius with that of Caesar. Yet such was the subject in dispute when Cicero made his speech de Provinci's consularibus as to the adjudication of the consular provinces. There was a strong opinion among many senators that Caesar should be stopped in his career. I need not here investigate the motives either great or little on which this opinion was founded. There was hardly a senator among them who would not have wished Caesar to be put down, though there were many who did not dare declare their wishes. There were reasons for peculiar jealousy on the part of the Senate. Cisalpine Gaul had been voted for him by the intervention of the people, and especially by that of the Tribune Vatinius, to Caesar who was consularis, whose reward should have been an affair solely for the Senate. Then there had arisen a demand, a most unusual demand, for the other Gaul also. The giving of two provinces to one governor was altogether contrary to the practice of the State. But so was the permanent and acknowledged continuance of a conspiracy such as the triumvirate, unusual. Caesar himself was very unusual. Then the Senate, feeling that the second province would certainly be obtained and anxious to preserve some shred of their prerogative, themselves voted the further Gaul, as it must be done that it at any rate be said that they had done it. But as they had sent Caesar over the Alps, so they could recall him, or try to recall him. Therefore with the question as to Piso and Gabinius, which really meant nothing, came up this also as to Caesar, which meant a great deal. But Caesar had already done great things in Gaul. He had defeated the Helvetians and driven Ariovistus out of the country. He had carried eight legions among the distant Belgi and had conquered the Nervi. In his very year he had built a huge fleet and had destroyed the Veneti, a seafaring people on the coast of the present Brittany. The more powerful he showed himself to be, the more difficult it was to recall him, but also the more desirable in the eyes of many. In the first portion of his speech, Cicero handles Piso and Gabinius with his usual invective. There was no considerable party desirous of renewing to them their governments, but Cicero always reveled in the pleasure of abusing them. He devotes by far the longer part of his aeration to the merit of Caesar. As for recalling him it would be irrational. Who had counted more enemies in Rome than Marius, but did they recall Marius when he was fighting for the Republic? Hitherto the Republic had been forced to fear the Gauls, Rome had always been on the defense against them. Now it had been brought about by Caesar that the limits of the world were the limits of the Roman Empire. The conquest was not yet finished, but surely it should be left to him who had begun it so well. Even though Caesar would a demand to return himself thinking that he had done enough for his own glory, it would be for the Senators to restrain him, for the Senate to bid him finish the works that he had in hand. As for himself, continued Cicero, if Caesar had been his enemy, what of that? Caesar was not his enemy now. He had told the Senate what offers of employment Caesar had made him. If he could not forget yet, he would forgive former injuries. It is important for the reading of Cicero's character that we should trace the meaning of his utterances about Caesar, from this time up to the day on which Caesar was killed, his utterances in public and those which are found in his letters to Atticus and his brother. That there was much of pretense, or falsehood if a hard word be necessary to suit the severity of those who judge the man hardly, is admitted. How he praised Pompey in public, dispraising him in private, at one in the same moment, has been declared. How he applied for praise, whether deserved or not, has been shown. In excuse, not in defence of this, I allege that the Romans of the day were habitually false after this fashion. The application to Leukeas proves the habitual falseness not of Cicero only, but of Leukeas also. And the private words written to Atticus, in opposition to the public words with which Atticus was well acquainted, prove the falseness also of Atticus. It was Roman, it was Italian, it was cosmopolitan, it was human. I only wish that it were possible to declare that it is no longer Italian, no longer cosmopolitan, no longer human. To this day it is very difficult, even for an honourable man to tell the whole truth in the varying circumstances of public life, the establishment of even a theory of truth with all the advantages which have come to us from Christianity, has been so difficult, hitherto so imperfect, that we ought, I think, to consider well the circumstances before we stigmatize Cicero as specially false. To my reading he seems to have been specially true. When Caesar won his way up to power, Cicero was courteous to him, flattered him, and though never subservient, yet was anxious to comply when compliance was possible. Nevertheless, we know well that the whole scheme of Caesar's political life was opposed to the scheme entertained by Cicero. It was Cicero's desire to maintain as much as he could of the old form of oligarchical rule under which, as a constitution, the Roman Empire had been created. It was Caesar's intention to sweep it all away. We can see that now, but Cicero could only see it in part. To his outlook the man had some sense of order, and had all the elements of greatness. He was better at any rate than a Veriz, a Catiline, a Clodius, a Pisa, or a Gabinius. If he thought that by flattery he could bring Caesar somewhat round, there might be conceit in his so thinking, but there could be no treachery. In doing so he did not abandon his political beauideal. If better times came, or a better man, he would use them. In the meantime he could do more by managing Caesar than by opposing him. He was far enough from succeeding in the management of Caesar, but he did do much in keeping his party together. It was in this spirit that he advocated before the senate the maintenance of Caesar's authority in the two Gauls. The senate decreed the withdrawal of Pisa and Gabinius, but decided to leave Caesar where he was. Momsson deals very hardly with Cicero as to this period of his life. They used him accordingly as, what he was good for, an advocate. Cicero himself had to thank his literary reputation for the respectful treatment which he experienced from Caesar. The question we have to ask ourselves is whether he did his best to forward that scheme of politics which he thought to be good for the Republic. To me it seems that he did do so. He certainly did nothing with the object of filling his own pockets. I doubt whether as much can be said with perfect truth as to any other Roman of the period, unless it be Cato. Balbus, for whom Cicero also spoke in this year, was a Spaniard of Cadiz, to whom Pompey had given the citizenship of Rome, who had become one of Caesar's servants and friends, and whose citizenship was now disputed. Cicero pleaded in favour of the claim and gained his cause. There were no doubts certain laws in accordance with which Balbus was or was not a citizen. But Cicero here says that because Balbus was a good man, therefore there should be no question as to his citizenship. This could hardly be a good legal argument. But we are glad to have the main principles of Roman citizenship laid down for us in this oration. A man cannot belong to more than one state at a time. A man cannot be turned out of his state against his will. A man cannot be forced to remain in his state against his will. This Balbus was acknowledged as a Roman, rose to be one of Caesar's leading ministers, and was elected Consul of the Empire, B.C. 40. Thirty-four years afterwards his nephew became Consul. Nearly three centuries after that, A.D. 237, a descendant of Balbus, was chosen as Emperor, under the name of Balbinus, and is spoken of by Gibbon with eulogy. I know no work on Cicero written more pleasantly or inspired by a higher spirit of justice than that of Gaston Boissier of the French Academy called Cicéran et ses amis. Among his chapters one is devoted to Cicero's remarkable intimacy with Cilius, which should be read by all who wish to study Cicero. We have now come to the speech which he made in this year in defence of Cilius. Cilius had entered public life very early, as the son of a rich citizen who was anxious that his heir should be enabled to shine as well by his father's wealth as by his own intellect. When he was still a boy, according to our ideas of boyhood, he was apprentice to Cicero, as was customary, in order that he might pick up the crumbs which fell from the great man's table. It was thus that a young man would hear what was best worth hearing, thus he would become acquainted with those who were best worth knowing, thus that he would learn in public life all that was best worth learning. Cilius heard all, and knew many, and learned much. But he perhaps learned too much at too early an age. He became bright and clever, but unruly and dissipated. Cicero, however, loved him well. He always liked the society of bright young men, and could forgive their morals if their wit were good. Claudius, even Claudius, young Cicero, Cilius, and afterwards Dolabella, were companions with whom he loved to associate. When he was in Cilicia as proconsul, this Cilius became almost a second Atticus to him, in the writing of News from Rome. But Cilius had become one of Claudius' many lovers, and seems for a time to have been the first favourite to the detriment of poor Catullus. The rich father had, it seems, quarrelled with his son, and Cilius was in want of money. He borrowed it from Claudius, and then, without paying his debt, treated Claudius as she had treated Catullus. The lady tried to get her money back, and when she failed she accused her former lover of an attempt to poison her. This she did so that Cilius was tried for the offence. There were no less than four accusers or advocates on her behalf of whom her brother was one. Cilius was defended by Crassus as well as by Cicero, and was acquitted. All these cases combined political views with criminal charges. Cilius was declared to have been a Catullinian conspirator. He was also accused of being in debt, of having quarrelled with his father, of having insulted women, of having beaten a senator, of having practiced bribery, of having committed various murders, and of having perpetrated all social and political excesses to which his enemies could give a name. It was probable that his life had been very irregular, but it was not, probably true, that he had attempted to poison Claudius. The speech is very well worth the trouble of reading. It is lively, bright, picturesque, and argumentative, and it tells the reader very much of the manners of Rome at the It has been condemned for a passage which, to my taste, is the best in the whole piece. Cicero takes upon himself to palliate the pleasures of youth, and we are told that a man so grave, so pure, so excellent in his own life, should not have condescended to utter sentiments so lax in defence of so immoral a young friend. I will endeavour to translate a portion of the passage, and I think that any ladies who may read these pages will agree with me, in liking Cicero the better for what he said upon the occasion. He has been speaking of the changes which the manners of the world had undergone, not only in Rome but in Greece, since pleasure had been acknowledged even by philosophers, to be necessary to life. They who advocate one constant course of continual labour as a road to fame are left alone in their schools, deserted by their scholars. Nature herself has begotten for us allurements, seduced by which virtue herself will occasionally become drowsy. Nature herself leads the young into slippery paths, in which not to stumble now and again is hardly possible. Nature has produced for us a variety of pleasures, to which not only youth but even middle age occasionally yields itself. If therefore you shall find one who can avert his eyes from all that is beautiful, who is charmed by no sweet smell, by no soft touch, by no rich flavour, who can turn a deaf ear to coaxing words, I indeed and perhaps a few others, may think that the gods have been good to such a one. But I doubt whether the world at large will not think that the gods have made him a sorry fellow. There is very much more of it, delightfully said and in the same spirit. But I have given enough to show the nature of the excuse for Cilius, which has brought down on Cicero the wrath of the moralists. The Life of Cicero Vol. 2 by Anthony Trollop Chapter 2 Cicero, I.T. 52, 53 and 54 SIDE NOTE BC 55, I.T. 52 I can best continue my record of Cicero's life for this and the two subsequent years by following his speeches and his letters. It was at this period the main object of his political life to reconcile the existence of a Caesar, with that of a republic, two poles which could not by any means be brought together. Outside of his political life he carried on his profession as an advocate, with all his former energy, with all his former bitterness, with all his old friendly zeal, but never, I think, with his former utility. His life with his friends and his family was prosperous, but that ambition to do some great thing for his country which might make his name more famous than that of other Romans was gradually fading, and as it went was leaving regrets and remorse behind which would not allow him to be a happy man. But it was now when he had reached his 52nd year that he in truth began that career in literature which has made him second to know Roman in reputation. There are some early rhetorical essays which were taken from the Greek of doubtful authenticity. There are the few lines which are preserved of his poetry. There are the speeches which he wrote as well as spoke for the Rome of the day, and there are his letters which up to this time had been intended only for his correspondence. All that we have from his pen up to this time has been preserved for us by the light of those great works which he now commenced. In this year, B.C. 55, there appeared the dialogue De Oratory, and in the next, the treatise De Repubblica. It was his failure as a politician which in truth drove Cicero to the career of literature. As I intend to add to this second volume a few chapters as to his literary productions, I will only mention the dates on which these dialogues and treatises were given to the world as I go on with my work. In the year B.C. 55, the two of the triumvirates who had been left in Rome, Pompey and Cassus, were elected consuls, and provinces were decreed to each of them for five years, to Pompey the two Spains, and to Cassus that Siria which was to be so fatal to him. All this had been arranged at Lucca in the north of Italy, with the Caesar was able to come as being within the bounds of his province to meet his friends from Rome or his enemies. All aristocratic Rome went out in crowds to Lucca, so that two hundred senators might be seen together in the streets of that provincial town. It was nevertheless near enough to Rome to permit the conqueror from Gaul to look closely into the politics of the city. By his permission, if not at his instigation, Pompey and Cassus had been chosen consuls, and to himself was conceded the government of his own province for five further years, that is down to year B.C. 49 inclusive. It must now at least have become evident to Cicero that Caesar intended to rule the empire. Though we already have Cicero's letters arranged for us in a chronological sequence which may be held to be fairly correct for biographical purposes, still there is much doubt remaining as to the exact periods at which many of them were written. Aberkin, the German biographer, says that this year B.C. 55 produced twelve letters. In the French edition of Cicero's works, published by Pankook, thirty-five are allotted to it. Mr. Watson, in his selected letters, has not taken one from the year in question. Mr. Tyrell, who has been my mentor hitherto in regard to the correspondence, has not unfortunately published the result of his labours beyond the year 53 B.C., at the time of my present writing. Some of those who have dealt with Cicero's life and works, and have illustrated them by his letters, have added something to the existing confusion by assuming an accuracy of knowledge in this respect which has not existed. We have no right to quarrel with them for having done so, certainly not with Middleton, as in his time such accuracy was less valued by readers than it is now, and we have the advantage of much light which, though still imperfect, is very bright in comparison with that enjoyed by him. A study of the letters, however, in the sequence now given to them, affords an accurate picture of Cicero's mind during the years between the period of his return from exile B.C. 57 and Milo's trial B.C. 52, although the reader may occasionally be misled as to the date of this or the other letter. With the dates of his speeches, at any rate with the year in which they were made, we are better acquainted. They are, of course, much fewer in number and are easily traced by the known historical circumstances of the time. B.C. 55 he made that attack upon his old enemy the late Consul Piso, which is perhaps the most egregious piece of abuse extant in any language. Even of this we do not know the precise date, but we may be sure that it was spoken early in the year, because Cicero alludes in it to Pompey's great games which were in preparation and which were exhibited when Pompey's new theatre was opened in May. Plutarch tells us that they did not take place till the beginning of the following year. Piso, on his return from Macedonia, attacked Cicero in the Senate in answer to all the hard things that had already been said of him, and Cicero, as Middleton says, made a reply to him on the spot in an invective speech the severest perhaps that ever was spoken by any man on the person, the parts, the whole life and conduct of Piso, which as long as the Roman name subsists must deliver down a most detestable character of him to all posterity. We are here asked to imagine that this attack was delivered on the spur of the moment in answer to Piso's attack. I cannot believe that it should have been so, however great may have been the orator's power over thoughts and words. We have had in our own days wonderful instances of ready and indignant reply made instantaneously, but none in which the angry eloquence has risen to such a power as is here displayed. We cannot but suppose that had human intellect ever been perfect enough for such an exertion it would have soared high enough also to have abstained from it. It may have been that Cicero knew well enough beforehand what the day was about to produce so as to have prepared his reply. It may well have been that he himself undertook the polishing of his speech before it was given to the public in the words which we now read. We may, I think, take it for granted that Piso did make an attack upon him, and that Cicero answered him at once, with words which crushed him, and which are not unfairly represented by those which have come down to us. The imaginative reader will lose himself in wonder as he pictures to himself the figure of the pretentious proconsul, with his assumption of confidence, as he was undergoing the castigation which this great master of obliquy was inflicting upon him, and the figure of the tall lean orator with his long neck and keen eyes, with his arms trained to assist his voice, managing his purple-bordered toga with the perfect grace, throwing all his heart into his impassioned words as they fell into the ears of the senators around him without the loss of a syllable. This lucius calpurnius Piso Caesaronius had come from one of the highest families in Rome, and had possessed interest enough to be elected consul for the year in which Cicero was sent into banishment. He was closely connected with that Piso frugui to whom Cicero's daughter had been married, and Cicero, when he was threatened by the faction of Claudius, a faction which he did not then believe to be supported by the triumvirate, had thought that he was made safe at any rate from cruel results by consular friendship and consular protection. Piso Caesaronius had failed him altogether, saying in answer to Cicero's appeal that the times were of such a nature that everyone must look to himself. The nature of Cicero's rage may be easily conceived, an attempt to describe it has already been made. It was not till after his consulate that he was ever waked to real anger, and the one object whom he most entirely hated with his whole soul was Lucius Piso. By the strength of Cicero's eloquence this man has occupied an immortality of meanness. We cannot but believe that he must have in some sort deserved it, or the justice of the world would have vindicated his character. It should, however, be told of him that three years afterwards he was chosen censor, together with Apius Claudius. But it must also be told that as far as we can judge both these men were unworthy of the honour. They were the two last censors elected in Rome before the days of the Empire. It is impossible not to believe that Piso was vile, but impossible also to believe that he was as vile as Cicero represented him. Caesar was at this time his son-in-law, as he was father to Calpurnia with whom Shakespeare has made us familiar. I do not know that Caesar took in bad parts the hard things that were said of his father-in-law. The first part of the speech is lost. The first words we know because they have been quoted by Quintilian. Oh ye gods immortal! What day is this which has shone upon me at last? We may imagine from this that Cicero intended it to be understood that he exalted in the coming of his revenge. The following is a fair translation of the opening passage of what remains to us. Beasts that you are. Do you not see, do you not perceive how odious to the men around you is that face of yours? Then with rapid words he heaps upon the unfortunate man accusations of personal incompetences. Nobody complains, says Cicero, that that fellow of yesterday, Gobinius, should have been made consul. We have not been deceived in him. But your eyes and eyebrows, your forehead and that face of yours, which should be the dumb index of the mind within, have deceived those who have not known you. Few of us only have been aware of your infamous vices, the sloth of your intellect, your dullness, your inability to speak. When was your voice heard in the forum? When has your counsel been put to the proof? When did you do any service either in peace or war? You have crept into your high place by the mistakes of men, by the regard paid to the dirty images of your ancestors, to whom you have no resemblance except in their present grimy colour. And shall he boast to me, says the orator turning from Piso to the audience around, that he has gone on without a check from one step in the magistracy to another? That is a boast for me to make. For me, Hominino, a man without ancestors, on whom the Roman people has showered all its honours. You were made Edile, you say. The Roman people chose a Piso for their Edile, not this man from any regard for himself, but because he is a Piso. The pritorship was conferred not on you, but on your ancestors, who were known, and who were dead. Of you who are alive, no one has known anything, but me. Then he continues the contrast between himself and Piso, for the speech is as full of his own merits as of the other man's abominations. So the oration goes on to the end. He asserts, addressing himself to Piso, that if he saw him and Gabinius crucified together, he did not know whether he would be most delighted by the punishment inflicted on their bodies or by the ruin of their reputation. He declares that he has prayed for all evil on Piso and Gabinius, and that the gods have heard him, but it has not been for death or sickness or for torment that he had prayed, but for such evils as have in truth come upon them. Two consuls sent with large armies into two of the grandest provinces have returned with disgrace. That one, meaning Piso, has not dared even to send home an account of his doings, and the other, Gabinius, has not had his words credited by the senate nor any of his requests granted. He, Cicero, had hardly dared to hope for all this, but the gods had done it for him. The most absurd passage is that in which he tells Piso that, having lost his army, which he had done, he had brought back nothing in safety but that old impudent face of his. All together it is a tirade of abuse, very inferior to Cicero's dignity. Le clerk, the French critic and editor, speaks the truth when he says, il faut avouer qu'il manque surtout de modération, est que la gravité d'un orateur consulaire, il fait trop souvent place à l'emportement d'un ennemi. It is, however, full of abuse and amusing as an expression of honest hatred. The reader, when reading it, will, of course, remember that Rome and manners allowed a mode of expression among the upper classes, which is altogether denied to those among us who hope to be regarded as gentlemen. The games in Pompey's theatre, to the preparation of which Cicero alludes in his speech against Piso, are described by him with his usual vivacity and humour in a letter written immediately after them to his friend Marius. Pompey's games, with which he celebrated his second consulship, seem to have been divided between the magnificent theatre which he had just built, fragments of which still remain to us, and the Circus Maximus. This letter from Cicero is very interesting, as showing the estimation in which these games are held, or were supposed to be held, by a Roman man of letters, and as giving us some description of what was done on the occasion. Marius had not come to Rome to see them, and Cicero writes as though his friend had despised them. Cicero himself, having been in Rome, had of course witnessed them. To have been in Rome and not to have seen them would have been quite out of the question. Not to come to Rome from a distance was an eccentricity. He congratulated Marius for not having come, whether it was that he was ill, or that the whole thing was too despicable. You, in the early morning, have been looking out upon your view over the bay, while we have been staring at puppets half asleep. Most costly games, but I should say, judging of you by myself, that they would have been quite revolting to you. Poor Esopus was there acting, but so unfitted by age that all his friends could not but wish that he had desisted. Why should I tell you of it all? The very costliness of the affair took away all the pleasure. Six hundred mules on the stage in the acting of Clytemnestra, or three thousand golden goblets in the Trojan horse. What delight could they give you? If your slave-protagonies were reading to you something, so that it were not one of my speeches, you were better off at any rate than we. There were two marvellous slaughterings of beasts which lasted for five days. Nobody denies but that they were very grand. But what pleasure can there be in a man of letters, when some weak human creature is destroyed by a sturdy beast, or when some lonely animal is pierced through by a hunting spear? The last day was the day of elephants, in which there could be no delight except as a vulgar crowd. You could not put pity them, feeling that the poor brutes had something in common with humanity. In these combats were killed twenty elephants and two hundred lions. The bad taste and systematical corruption of Rome had reached its acme when this theatre was opened, and these games displayed by Pompey. He tells Atticus, in a letter written about this time, that he is obliged to write to him by the hand of a secretary, from which we gather that such had not been at any rate his practice. He is every day in the forum, making speeches, and he had already composed the dialogues to Oratory, and had sent them to Lentulus. Though he was no longer in office, his time seems to have been as fully occupied as when he was prior to or or consul. We have records of at least a dozen speeches made B.C. 55 and B.C. 54 between that against Piso and the next that is extant, which was delivered in defence of Plankius. He defended Kisbius, but Kisbius was convicted. He defended Caninius Gallus, of whom we may presume that he was condemned and exiled, because Cicero found him at Athens on his way to Cilicia, Athens being the place to which exiled Roman oligarchs generally betook themselves. In his letter to his young friend Cilius he speaks of the pleasure he had in meeting with Caninius at Athens, but in the letter to Marius, which I have quoted, he complains of the necessity which has befallen him of defending the man. The heat of the summer of this year he passed in the country, but on his return to the city in November he found Crassus defending his old enemy Gubinius. Gubinius had crept back from his province into the city and had been received with universal scorn and a shower of accusations. Cicero at first neither accused nor defended him, but having been called on as a witness seems to have been unable to refrain from something of the severity with which he had defeated Piso. There was at any rate a passage of arms in which Gubinius called him a banished criminal. The senate then rose as one body to do honour to their late exile. He was, however, afterwards driven by the expostulations of Pompey to defend the man. At his first trial Gubinius was acquitted, but was convicted and banished when Cicero defended him. Cicero suffered very greatly in the constraint thus put upon him by Pompey, and refused Pompey till Caesar's request was added. We can imagine that nothing was more bitter to him than the obligation thus forced upon him. We have nothing of the speech left, but can hardly believe that it was eloquent. From this, however, there rose a reconciliation between Crassus and Cicero, both Caesar and Pompey having found it to their interest to interfere. Side note, B.C. 54, I.T. 53. As a result of this, early in the next year, Cicero defended Crassus in the senate when an attempt was made to rob the late consul of his coveted mission to Syria. Of what he did in this respect he boasts in a letter to Crassus, which, regarded from our point of view, would no doubt be looked upon as base. He despised Crassus, and here takes credit for all the fine things he has said of him. But we have no right to think that Cicero could have been altogether unlike a Roman. He speaks also in the senate on behalf of the people of Tenedos, who had brought their immunities and privileges into question by some supposed want of faith. All we know of this speech is that it was spoken in vain. He pleaded against an Asiatic king, Antiochus of Comergin, who was befriended by Pompey, but Cicero seems to have laughed him out of some of his petty possessions. He spoke for the inhabitants of Verate on some question of water privilege against the interamnates. Interamna, we now know as Terni, where a modern pope made a lovely waterfall, and at the same time rectified the water privileges of the surrounding district. Cicero went down to its pleasant Tempe, as he calls it, and stayed there a while with one Axius. He returned thence to Rome to undertake some case for Fonteus, and attended the games which Milo was giving, Milo having been elected Edile. Here we have a morsel of dramatic criticism on Antiphon the actor, and Arbuscula the actress, which reminds one of peeps. Then he defended Messius, then Drusus, then Scourus. He mentions all these cases in the same letter, but so slightly that we cannot trouble ourselves with their details. We only feel that he was kept as busy as a London barrister in full practice. He also defended Vatinius, that Vatinius with whose iniquities he had been so indignant at the trial of Sextius. He defended him twice at the instigation of Caesar, and he does not seem to have suffered in doing so as he had certainly done when called upon to stand up and plead for his late consular enemy, Gabinius. Valerius Maximus, a dull author often quoted but seldom read, whose task it was to give instances of all the virtues and vices produced by mankind, refers to these pleadings for Gabinius and Vatinius as instances of an almost divine forgiveness of injury. I think we must seek for the good, if good is to be discovered in the proceeding, in the presumed strength which might be added to the Republic by friendly relations between himself and Caesar. In the spring of the year we find Caesar a writing to Caesar in apparently great intimacy. He recommends to Caesar his young friend Trabatius, a lawyer who was going to gall in search of his fortune, and in doing so he refers to a joking promise from Caesar that he would make another friend whom he had recommended, king of Gaul, or if not that, foreman at least to Lepter, his head of the mechanics. Lepter was an officer in trust under Caesar, with whose name we become familiar in Cicero's correspondence, though I do not remember that Caesar ever mentions him. "'Send me someone else that I may show my friendship,' Caesar had said, knowing well that Cicero was worth any price of the kind. Cicero declares to Caesar that on hearing this he held up his hands in grateful surprise, and on this account he had sent Trabatius. "'Me Caesar,' he says, writing with all affection, and then he praises Trabatius, assuring Caesar that he does not recommend the young man loosely, as he had some other young men who were worthless, such as Milo, for instance. This results in much good done to Trabatius, though the young man at first does not like the service of the army. He is a lawyer, and finds the work in Gaul very rough. Cicero, who is anxious on his behalf, laughs at him, and bids him take the good things that come in his way. In subsequent years Trabatius was made known to the world as the legal pundit, whom Horace pretends to consult as to the libelous nature of his satires. In September of this year Cicero pleaded in court for his friend Plankius, against whom there was broad an accusation that in canvassing and obtaining the office of Edile he had been guilty of bribery. In all these accusations which come before us as having been either promoted or opposed by Cicero, there is not one in which the reader sympathizes more strongly with the person accused, than in this. Plankius had shown Cicero during his banishment the affection of a brother, or almost of a son. Plankius had taken him in and provided for him in Macedonia when to do so was illegal. Cicero now took great delight in returning the favour. The reader of this oration cannot learn from it that Plankius had in truth done anything illegal. The complaint really made against him was that he, filling the comparatively humble position of a knight, had ventured to become the opposing candidate of such a gallant young aristocrat as M. Juventius Laterensis, who was beaten at this election, and now brought this action in revenge. There is no tearing of any enemy to tatters in this oration, but there is much pathos. And, as was usual with Cicero at this period of his life, an inordinate amount of self-praise. There are many details as to the way in which the tribes voted at elections, which the patient and curious student will find instructive, but which will probably be caviar to all who are not patient and curious students. There are a few passages of peculiar force. Addressing himself to the rival of Plankius, he tells Laterensis that even though the people might have judged badly in selecting Plankius, it was not the less his duty to accept the judgment of the people. Say that the people ought not to have done so, but it should have been sufficient for him that he had done so. Then he laughs with a beautiful irony at the pretensions of the accuser. Let us suppose that it was so, he says. Let no one whose family has not soared above Praetorian honours contest any place with one of consular family. Let no mere knight stand against one with Praetorian relations. In such a case there would be no need of the people to vote at all. Further on he gives his own views as to the honours of the state in a language that is very grand. It has, he says, been my first endeavour to deserve the high rank of the state. My second to have been thought to deserve it. The rank itself has been but the third object of my desires. Plankius was acquitted. It seems to us quite as a matter of course. In this perhaps the most difficult period of his existence, when the organised conspiracy of the day had not as yet overturned the landmarks of the constitution, he wrote a long letter to his friend Lentulus, him who had been prominent as consul in rescuing him from his exile, and who was now proconsul in Cilicia. Lentulus had probably taxed him after some friendly fashion, with going over from the optimates or senatorial party to that of the conspirators Pompey, Caesar and Crassus. He had been called a deserter for having passed in his earlier years from the popular party to that of the Senate, and now the leading optimates were doubtful of him whether he was not showing himself too well inclined to do the bidding of the democratic leaders. The one accusation has been as unfair as the other. In this letter he reminds Lentulus that a captain in making a port may not always sail with her in a straight line, but must tack and haul and use a slant of wind as he can get it. Cicero was always struggling to make way against a headwind, and was running hither and thither in his attempt in a manner most perplexing to those who were looking on without knowing the nature of the winds. But his port was always there clearly visible to him if he could only reach it. That port was the old republic with its well and once successful institutions. It was not to be fetched. The winds had become too perverse, and the entrance had become choked with sand, but he did his best to fetch it, and though he was driven hither and thither in his endeavours, it should be remembered that to look us on such must ever be the appearance of those who are forced to tack about in search of their port. I have before me Mr. Forsythe's elaborate and very accurate account of this letter. Now, however, says the biographer, the future lay dark before him, and not the most sagacious politician at Rome could have divined the series of events, blundering weakness on the one side and unscrupulous ambition on the other, which led to the dictatorship of Caesar and the overthrow of the constitution. Nothing can be more true. Cicero was probably the most sagacious politician in Rome, and he, though he did understand much of the weakness, and it should be added of the greed of his own party, did not foresee the point which Caesar was destined to reach, and which was now probably fixed before Caesar's own eyes. But I cannot agree with Mr. Forsythe in the result at which he had arrived, when he quoted a passage from one of the notes affixed by Melmot to his translation of this letter. It was fear alone that determined his resolution, and having once already suffered in the cause of liberty, he did not find himself to be disposed to be twice its martyr. I should not have thought these words worthy of refutation had they not been backed by Mr. Forsythe. How did Cicero show his fear? Had he feared, as indeed there was cause enough when it was difficult for a leading man to keep his throat uncut amidst the violence of the times, or a house over his head, might he not have made himself safe by accepting Caesar's offers? A proconsul out of Rome was safe enough, but he would not be a proconsul out of Rome till he could avoid it no longer. When the day of danger came, he joined Pompey's army against Caesar, doubting, not for his life, but for his character, as to what might be the best for the Republic. He did not fear when Caesar was dead and only Anthony remained. When the hour came in which his throat had to be cut, he did not fear. When a man has shown such a power of action in the face of danger, as Cicero displayed at forty-four in his consulship, and again at sixty-four in his prolonged struggle with Anthony, it is contrary to nature that he should have been a coward at fifty-four. And all the evidence of the period is opposed to this theory of cowardice. There was nothing special for him to fear when Caesar was in Gaul and Crassus about to start for Syria and Pompey for his provinces. Such was the condition of Rome, social and political, that all was uncertain and all was dangerous. But men had become used to danger, and were anxious only in the general scramble to get what plunder might be going. Unlimited plunder was at Cicero's command, provinces, magistracies, abnormal leftenancies, but he took nothing. He even told his friend in joke that he would have liked to be an auger, and the critics of thereupon concluded that he was ready to sell his country for a trifle. But he took nothing when all others were helping themselves. The letter to Lentulus is well word studying, if only as evidence of the thoughtfulness with which he weighed every point affecting his own character. He did wish to stand well with the optimates of whom Lentulus was one. He did wish to stand well with Caesar and with Pompey, who at this time was Caesar's jackal. He did find the difficulty of running with the hare and hunting with the hounds. He must have surely learned at last to hate all compromise. But he had fallen on hard times, and the task before him was impossible. If, however, his hands were clean when those of others were dirty, and his motives patriotic, while those of others were selfish, so much ought to be said for him. In the same year he defended Riberius Postumus, and in doing so carried on the purpose which he had been instigated to undertake by Caesar in defending Gabinius. This Riberius was the nephew of him whom ten years before Cicero had defended when accused of having killed Saturninus. He was a knight, and, as was customary with the equites, had long been engaged in the pursuit of trade, making money by lending money and such like. He had, it seems, been a successful man, but in an evil time for himself had come across king Ptolemy Alites when there was a question of restoring that wretched sovereign to the throne of Egypt. As Cicero was not himself much exercised in this matter, I have not referred to the king and his affairs, wishing as far as possible to avoid questions which concerned the history of Rome rather than the life of Cicero. But the affairs of this banished king continually come up in the records of this time. Pompey had befriended Alites, and Gabinius, when proconsul in Syria, had succeeded in restoring the king to his throne, no doubt in obedience to Pompey, though not in obedience to the Senate. Alites, when in Rome, had required large sums of money. Suppliant kings, when in the city, needed money to buy venal senators, and Riberius had supplied him. The profits to be made from suppliant kings, when in wonder of money, were generally very great. But this king seems to have got hold of all the money which Riberius possessed, so that the knight anchor found himself obliged to become one of the king's sweet when the king went back to take possession of his kingdom. In no other way could he hang on to the vast debt that was owing to him. In Egypt he found himself compelled to undergo various indignities. He became no better than a head servant among the king's servants. One of the charges brought against him was that he, a Roman knight, had allowed himself to be clothed in the half-feminine garb of an oriental attendant upon a king. It was also brought against him as part of the accusation that he had bribed, or had endeavoured to bribe, a certain senator. The crime, nominally laid to the charge of Riberius, was De Repetundis, for extorting money in the position of a magistrate. The money alluded to had been in truth extorted by Gabinius, from Ptolemy Alites, as the price paid for his restoration, and had come in great part probably from out of the pocket of Riberius himself. Gabinius had been condemned and ordered to repay the money. He had none to repay, and the claim, by some clause in the law to that effect, was transferred to Riberius as his agent. Riberius was accused as though he had extorted the money which he had in fact lost. But the spirit of the accusation lay in the idea that he, a Roman knight, had basely subjected himself to an Egyptian king. That Riberius had been base and sordid, there can be no doubt, that he was ruined by his transaction with Alites is equally certain. It is supposed that he was convicted. He was afterwards employed by Caesar, who, when in power, may have recalled him from banishment. There are many passages in the oration to which I would feign refer the reader had I space to do so. I will name only one in which Cicero endeavours to ingratiate himself with his audience by referring to the old established Roman hatred of kings. Who is there among us, who though he may not have tried them himself, does not know the ways of kings? Listen to me here. Abay my word at once. Speak a word more than you are told and you'll see what you'll get. Do that a second time and you die. We should read of such things and look at them from a distance, not only for our pleasure, but that we may know of what we have to be aware and what we ought to avoid. There is a letter written in this year to Curio, another young friend such as Cilius of whom I have spoken. Curio also was clever, dissipated, extravagant and unscrupulous. But at this period of his life he was attached to Cicero, who was not indifferent to the services which might accrue to him from friends who might be violent and unscrupulous on the right side. Bc. 53, Eitat. 54 This letter was written to Securio Curio's services for another friend, not quite so young, but equally attached, and perhaps of all the Romans of the time, the most unscrupulous and the most violent. This friend was Milo, who was about to stand for the consulship of the following year. Curio was on his road from Asia Minor where he had been quite still, and is invited by Cicero in language peculiarly pressing to be the leader of Milo's party on the occasion. We cannot but imagine that the winds which Curio was called upon to govern were the tornadoes and schools which were to be made to rage in the streets of Rome to the great discomfort here of Milo's enemies during his canvas. To such a state had Rome come that for the first six months of this year there were no consuls and election being found to be impossible. Milo had been the great opponent of Claudius in the city Rouse which had taken place previous to the exile of Cicero. The two men are called by Momsen the Achilles and the Hector of the streets. Cicero was of course on Milo's side as Milo was enemy to Claudius. In this matter his feeling was so strong that he declares to Curio that he does not think that the welfare and fortunes of one man were ever so dear to another as now were those of Milo to him. Milo's success is the only object of interest he has in the world. This is interesting to us now as a prelude to the great trial which was to take place in the next year when Milo instead of being elected consul was convicted of murder. In the two previous years Caesar had made two invasions into Britain in the latter of which Quinter Cicero had accompanied him. Cicero in various letters alludes to this undertaking but barely gives it the importance which we as Britons think should have been attached to so tremendous an enterprise. There might perhaps be some danger he thought in crossing the seas and encountering the rocky shores of the island but there was nothing to be got worth the getting. He tells Atticus that he can hardly expect any slaves skilled either in music or letters and he suggests to Trabatius that as he will certainly find neither gold nor slaves he had better put himself into a British chariot and come back in it as soon as possible. In this year Caesar reduced the remaining tribes of Gaul and crossed the Rhine a second time. It was his sixth year in Gaul and men had learned to know what was his nature. Cicero had discovered his greatness as also Pompey must have done to his great dismay and he had himself discovered what he was himself. But two accidents occurred in this year which were perhaps as important in Roman history as the continuance of Caesar's success. Julia, Caesar's daughter and Pompey's wife, died in child-bed. She seems to have been loved by all and had been idolised from the time of the marriage by her exorious husband who was more than twenty-four years her senior. She certainly had been a strong bond of union between Caesar and Pompey so much so that we are surprised that such a feeling should have been so powerful among the Romans of the time. Concordiae pygnus, a pledge of friendship, she is called by Paterculus, who tells us in the same sentence that the triumvirate had no other bond to hold it together. Whether the friendship might have remained valid had Julia lived we cannot say. But she died and the two friends became enemies. From the moment of Julia's death there was no triumvirate. The other accident was equally fatal to the bond of union which had bound the three men together. Late in the year, after his consulship BC 54, Crassus had gone to his Syrian government with the double intention of increasing his wealth and rivaling the military glories of Caesar and Pompey. In the following year he became an easy victim to Eastern deceit and was destroyed by the Parthians with his son and the greater part of the Roman army which had been entrusted to him. We are told that Crassus at last destroyed himself. I doubt, however, whether there was enough of patriotism alive among Romans at the time to create the feeling which so great a loss and so great a shame should have occasioned. As far as we can learn the destruction of Crassus and his legions did not occasion so much thought in Rome as the breaking up of the triumvirate. Cicero's daughter Tullia was now a second time without her husband. She was the widow of her first husband Piso, had then, BC 56, married Crassipez and had been divorced. Of him we have heard nothing except that he was divorced. A doubt has been thrown on the fact whether she was in truth ever married to Crassipez. We learn from letters, both to his brother and to Atticus, that Cicero was contented with the match when it was made and did his best to give the lady a rich dowry. In this year Cicero was elected into the College of Orcas to fill the vacancy made by the death of young Crassus who had been killed with his father in Parthia. The reader will remember that he had in a joking manner expressed a desire to divorce. He now obtained it without any difficulty and certainly without any sacrifice of his principle. It had formally been the privilege of the Orcas to fill up the vacancies in their own college, but the right had been transferred to the people. It was now conferred upon Cicero without serious opposition.

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RITUAL AND IDENTITY IN THE DANISH IRON AGE URNFIELDS

This paper will present the results of a project addressing aspects of Preroman Iron Age identity and socio-cosmology as reflected in the urnfield burial rituals in South-Western Denmark. The project applied in-depth studies of both osteological and archaeological materials from two urnfields in an overall reinvestigation of the Danish urnfield phenomenon. Minute details in burial ritual and the development of the urnfields show the importance placed on group affiliation and relational identity in the Danish Early Preroman Iron Age society. Strict regulation of burial rites, procedure of cremation and the use of burial goods all minimize individual expression, but urns and burial monuments vary with the age of the individual buried. Use of CT-scans and thorough osteological investigation revealed post-internment curation of bones from some graves, suggesting a prolonged interaction with the deceased, while some urns show signs of ritual dismantling during the burial. The study thus shows the potential of further research into the Danish urnfields beyond mere typo-chronological studies. Author(s): Møller, Niels (Museum Thy)

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and the last offshoot of the Ernefield culture or the common Ernefield phenomenon in Europe. And I'm going to use a manuscript in order to stick to time, so I beg your forgiveness for that right away. I will first give a short introduction to the Danish Ernefields at large and then move on to some of our results from an in-depth analysis of two of these sites. Results of a project undertaken at the Museums of Southwest Jotland from 2014 until 2017. These sites, the sites of Sir Helen Wilpeck, are found down in this area down here, this very concentration of Ernefield sites in western Denmark. The Danish Ernefields are characterised by cremation graves in turbanese small hillocks and surrounded by circular ditches. These small ditched hillocks are tightly packed in their Ernefields. Sometimes with burials also found in between the hillocks and you see some of these hillocks here with the smaller ditched enclosures around. The majority of cremations are found in an Erne, though other forms of internment do also occur. A few Ernefields are still visible in the Netherlands today as seen here at Mangehoi. But the vast majority of Denmark has been intensively cultivated, so today new sites are mainly discovered as level sites with only burial pits and circular ditches surviving below the topsoil. A situation you can see here on an area photo of the site of Sir Helen excavated in advance of gravel extraction in 1996. The dataset is thus heavily influenced by research, history and preservation. I'm not going to go into detail, but note how many excavations have been going on in the last 40 years. And from that we would think that there would have been a lot of research and publications going on in the phenomenon. But actually from 1969 and until we started the project in 2014, no research publications were done at all in the Ernefield phenomenon. They were merely used for typoconological studies. So at present we have more than 4,000 registered burial monuments in 66 confirmed Ernefields. And these are all dated approximately to 500 to 200 BC. The most Ernefields containing 2200 burials and the two largest containing more than 1,000 each. But turning to the project and our sites at hand, Sir Helen and Wilberg, Sir Helen at the bottom and Wilberg at the top are two middle sized Ernefields respectively containing 103 and 125 graves. Sir Helen is by far the best preserved while Wilberg can contain some of the more exotic grave goods. And that's why we chose those two sites from our area of responsibility. The project was initially undertaken when we discovered that there were no less than 47 Ernes from Sir Helen left unexcavated and still in their castes in the museum storage facility where they had been since 1996. Using this as leverage, we initiated what ended up as an in-depth analysis of the two most informances of these well preserved Ernefields we had in our area at the Museums of Southwest Joplin. First let's turn to the osteological analysis which was done by Lisa Harmer, this is not my work. The bones from the two Ernefields tell a story of initially very conformed ritual cremation and internment. All incinerated at a temperature of approximately 800 degrees Celsius on what must have been a well maintained pyre compared to many other cremations from late Bronze Age and Iron Age cremation is done at a very high temperature which has led to a very good degree of preservation of individual bones. Evening graze with very small amounts of bones which occur quite a lot or touched by the plier, the preservation of bones and countenant are good. There are no sharp edges and solely heat induced fractures that suggest that they have been interred shortly after their cremation. Care has been taken to ensure that no other parts of the pyre are interred with the braided bones and within all the graze we have altogether less than 10 grams of charcoal. So compared to other Danish cremation barnels these cremations undertaken in the Ernefields seems highly ritualized. So as you see here all age categories are present in both Ernefields with ages ranging from neonate children to just a few months old to an adult woman somewhere above 45. A very high proportion of children's graves are found in the Spatia de Vettvik which is very unusually in a Danish prehistoric context but actually in good line with what we see in Sleslisch Holstein and just to the south. There are only half as many women identified in the Ernefields as there are men though if we take into account the traits that have been used for the approximate gender determination men of a prominent physical statue has led to a bias. Thus gender seems to be equally represented in the Boreal Ground. Now no separation in the Ernefields due to gender or age neither. As you will see here where blue percent men, red percent women and green percent children. Rather children's graves are found without a Boreal Monument but closely associated with the large Boreal Monument containing an adult as you can see in this picture in this plan from Sir Hale. Initially in the early fifth century BC the internment is restricted to the Erne Boreals alone but Boreal rituals start to diversify in the late fifth century with Ernebone layers containing just parts of a vessel together with a formative bone and bone layers completely without ceramics but often containing additional adornments from the dress pins and so on. With the 49ers from Sir Hale we had the opportunity to do thorough documentation and micro excavation documentation mainly done by a CT scan. This gave a very consistent picture of the internment. Bones were placed horizontally at the bottom of the Erne and dress pins and other personal adornments were placed on the top of the layer of bones. You can just see the dress pins up here. The interns mostly had a secondary infill. Oh, sorry. I'll take this one just to show. Here's another example of the pins placed on top and to the left you see a pin just down here with a yellow and a small secondary vessel placed bottom up. Bones mostly had a secondary infill of fine sand and humus and then stones on top which looks pretty much like the results of an organic lid that eventually gave in. The placing of personal adornments on top of the bone showed the care that was taken in the internment. A care you can also see in this scan where we see two ring head pins locked together as they were placed on top of the bones within the Erne. Now, turning to the boreal goods, the ritualised and fairly constrained nature of the boreals is also evident. Apart from the Erne, the only goods accompanying the deceased are the occasional secondary vessel as you saw before, dress pins and belt fittings, or few other personal adornments. The only significant difference in distribution between the age groups is that small children do not receive boreal goods at all or one has got a one secondary vessel. On the other hand, the children and juveniles from the ages between 7 and up to 18 are amongst the most well equipped grave we have in these boreal grounds. And just to give you an impression, we cannot really say that there is any difference between the two genders and what they receive in their grave. There has been some discussion to whether Ernes was specifically produced to be boreal containers. In both Sahel and Bik-Bik, the Ernes come in two different variants. Most Ernes are simply reused settlement pots, often shown where at the base and in the interior. But in the early 5th century BC, some Ernes are made as boreal containers specifically. The one Erne you see here from Bik-Bik is such a container. Common to these is a lack of wear on the base of the Ernes. They often have finely smooth surfaces decorated with bands of ornaments with a very limited number of motifs. And finally, on three of these, we find plastic modeling and ornaments showing very stylized faces like Polish and Northern German face-erms and the face-erms that we also see to some extent in late France at the age of Denmark. Here's one Erne X-16 from Bik-Bik, the downturned mouth. An imitated handle with the semblance of long nose. Not that way. Which seems to suggest a close association with the stylized face-erms from the late Bronze Age, well-presented by Jutta Knysen. And the small dots in here bear some resemblance to a beard and stubble. And yes, this is a boreal of an adult male. Two more of the best preserved examples I've seen here. On the list, a very stylized face-erring, again with plastic modeling of the nose. And on the right, you see a normal Erne, only decorated within sized lines. But in this case, the Erne shows where at the base, and close examination shows that the incisions had been made, been done after burning. So in this case, we may be seeing a vessel that is being transformed into an urn by decorating it after years of use in that settlement context. The idea of the Erne as a body of clay for the pre-made broken body of an ancestor also finds support in the size of urns as compared to gender and age. Small urns are only used for small children, and large urns are only used for adult males. This is not due to some form of necessity. Even the largest individuals interred within the sites could easily have been fitted into a small urn. Here are two examples of bones of a dot interred with the medium-sized urns. In my mind, the size of urn is most likely an indirect representation of the body size of the deceased. The same relationship is found in the size of Boyle Monument. He expresses as a diameter of the ringed ditch. Adult individuals are most often found in large monuments. Large children are most often found in small monuments, and small children are not given a monument at all. Finally, men are on average interred in large monuments than women. Thus, the size of both urns and Boyle Monument seems to reflect the size of the individual ancestor interred within. What we see with these face urns and size of urns and Boyle Monument looks like the re-embodiment of the fragmented body within, something that has been discussed in the Central European context as well. In this cyclical making and breaking, we might then expect some breaking of the urns as well. Such a breaking is obvious with the urn bone layers, but the regional activities are more easily documented with well-preserved urn graves. Here is a 76 from Soheil, where one of the handles had been broken off and deposited down here below the urn, together with parts of a rim, as seen here. From Soheil alone, we can document the delivered alteration of five urns in this fashion. On the cycle of making and breaking, we also find evidence of bone retrieval. Here we have bone rusted to these two iron names up here, and that is the only bone that is found in that urn at all. It suggests that it has been that all the other bones had been removed after the beginning of the corrosion of these iron vents. And we can see a lot of these going on with the stones and... Sorry. With the only bone... In addition, nine urn graves from Soheil were without trace of any burnt bone. Three of these had dresses accessories just like X43. Some had oval stones placed at the bottom, and one had a large piece of heat-affected granite placed halfway up urn with two dresspins. Obviously, the importance placed on ancestors also shown the development and layout of urn fields. Just to look at closely spaced boreal monuments of urn fields, we are virtually looking at the landscape of ancestors. Some of the later boreal monuments sometimes squeezed in and sometimes into cutting-former monuments. Most urn fields such as these as Bildbeck and Mankhoi also incorporate ancient burrows into the layout and almost claiming an ancient ancestry line. So, round up. The dating from Bildbeck is not that very good, but if the pattern from Soheil is much clearer, both due to better preservation and supporting dating, here the earliest graves from the late 6th century are found up here. A second group starts to form in the southwest down here in the mid-5th century, and the two groups only gradually merge into the 4th century onwards. So, in Soheil mountain fields, multiple groups of boreals very likely representing ancestors in lines of families, and only in time do they merge into one large boreal community. Just to highlight our conclusions, in many ways the boreal reflects a community rather than the individuals, and highlights a relative, a relative, what you say, the relations between individuals more than the individuals in the boreals. And there is an emphasis on ancestral lines, even trace of retrieval of bones. A retrieval that may indicate a very time-read use of the remnants of ancestors in the world of their living, as was just discussed before. This is still work in progress. We are starting a new project where we will try to analyze the largest of the Danish iron fields with more than 1,400 graves, so please feel free to give suggestions to where to go from here. Thank you.

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Letting the Box Choose the Palette!?

Thank you to our Fairy Art mother for gifting us these beautiful color boxes by @SarahRenaeClark All of the above can be purchased through our website www.artisttilldeath.com If you like sparkle - get your glitter glass from Meyer Imports with a great discount! Use code "ATD2022" at https://www.meyer-imports.com Love the foils we use? Get yours here: https://shop.artisticpaintingstudio.com?aff=273 and/or use code "ATD" for an amazing discount and help us at the same time! Here is the paypal link that was requested to make donations easier :) thank you for the suggestion https://www.paypal.com/cgi-bin/webscr?cmd=_s-xclick&hosted_button_id=T24P6AVY4PB4A For anyone looking to sponsor our channel, one of our events, a video or just a segment of a video - reach out to us at thornton@artisttilldeath.com If you are wondering about products used in this video, I have them all listed in this AMAZON SHOP link: https://www.amazon.com/shop/artisttilldeath If you would like to see this video in a time lapse format with out the chatting, feel free to check out our other channel "atd timelapse" here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC8KQ7MYvNNv1Xu3Q4qFb7pg Arteza has given us a discount code for our viewers! Using the code "artisttilldeath2" you can get 10%-15% off of your purchases using this link: US: https://arteza.com/?utm_source=postaffiliatepro&utm_medium=affiliate&a_aid=ArtistTillDeath EU: https://arteza.co.uk?utm_source=postaffiliatepro&utm_medium=affiliate&a_aid=Youtube_ArtistTillDeath While we test out many products on our channel - our favorite resin at the moment is definitely Art Coat by StoneCoat Countertops. From the extra extended working time and the heat resistance up to 500*F to the durability and glassy finish - this is definitely a US Artist's TOP CHOICE. Don't take our word for it - try it and see what the hype is all about. You can get it from our website or here: https://www.stonecoatcountertops.com/product-page/art-coat-1-2-gallon-kit ***GET YOUR STONECOAT FROM MY LINK TO HELP US OUT AND USE OUR CODE "YALL" FOR 15% OFF! http://www.stonecoatcountertops.com?afmc=YALL Fan of Alumilite products? Use my code for a 12% discount "YALL10" Art 'N Glow Pigments Product Link: http://artnglow.refr.cc/erikab We are a couple of artists that love what we do. Please take a moment to like our videos and let us know what you think. If you are interested in ordering a custom piece or one of the pieces you have seen on our channel, please don't hesitate to reach out to us! Custom orders can also be placed on our website: www.artisttilldeath.com Facebook: "Thornton Artist Till Death" Instagram: @artisttilldeathstudios All donations are welcome and greatly appreciated! Supporting our art is supporting our dream to make a living off of our art! Paypal: Thornton@artisttilldeath.com Venmo: @ArtistTillDeath *Disclaimer* We post how we prefer to do our projects. In no way are we stating that this is the LAW or RULE of how to work with any of the materials we display. Also Note, when we work with resin - it is usually under ideal conditions and if our instructions aren't followed (along with the manufacturer of the products that you choose to use) we cannot be held liable. Every piece you choose to attempt is completely on you. That being said, we have faith in you to attempt anything that we create and post on our channel. However, if you don't feel confident in doing your own - we do travel for work. Happy Arting! **Affiliate Disclaimer** I do get a small commission from the links I have provided. This helps us to keep the channel running at no cost to the subscribers. **Amazon Affiliate Disclaimer. While I only recommend products I believe in - I may earn a small commission for my endorsement, recommendation, testimonial, and/or link to any products or services from this website. Your purchase helps support my work in bringing you real information about Art and associated materials. We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. #resinartist #resinpour #resinart #artisttilldeath #atdart #resinocean #epoxyocean #fluidacrylic #fluidart #epoxyart #resingeode #resinmold #resincountertop #resinartwork #diyresin #diyart #newresintechniques #resingeode #resinocean #diyresin #resintutorial #howtopaintwithresin

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A bit of confusion. I forgot, no one's surprised that I forget things, that I'm going to let this box choose my palette for today. So, yeah, that's what we're doing. I'm very excited about it because GUD got us these boxes, these cubes, and they have all these amazing colors in them. Pardon me, I'm prepping a board because I wasn't all together prepared for today because I thought I was doing something different. But you know what? Life happens and today life has me behind. Anyone else? Just me? Cool. Okay. Easy peasy prep looks like this and I'm very excited and scared about this because if you guys know me, you know that I'm very color-specific in what I like to use and my dear fairy, our mother Judy, got me these cube color boxes and in them are amazing palettes with all different sorts of colors and I haven't gone through that I should. Okay, so the lady in me that is not a fan of quite a few colors wants to go through and pick out the palettes I'm not the most fond of, but I'm not going to do that. So I'm going to let you guys decide first, box one or box two. I don't know if there's really any difference in the two other that there are different palettes in the two. So what do you guys think? Vote now. I got one, two and no ones so far. I only got one, one and three twos. Four twos. Five twos, Jerry. We'll do box one on this coming next Tuesday about dim apples. Okay, so now we're going with box two, Tim Pease, you got jokes. How am I going to do this? How about this? I'm going to have Jeff in the other room yell stop and where he stops, I will pull that card about that. Let me get you guys zoomed in. A little bit. I'm not going to zoom. Oh, there we go. Sorry for all the movement. Okay. Yeah, right, but we can't scoot to the wall because of that floorboard. B, I need you to tell me where to stop. Stop. Oh, way back here. Okay. Well, you want to- You're like, just drag it slow. Stop. I'm sorry. Okay, go. I am so scared. Is it that one? Just push down. That's this one. Okay, I can work with that. All the ones around this one were fun, but a second ago when I pulled the- I showed them box one, unboxed two, what was in them. I put like this and it was like all grays and then browns and yellows. And I was like, I'm scared. Okay. So we have a palette for today and I'm scared. Okay. So here's what we've chose. Here's the color reference where the palette came from. And so I need to get, oh my goodness, a green, a dusty purple, a purple, a lilac, and a something else. Okay. That looks like in this family. And then what shade is that green? Not pistachio. It's like an emerald or a phthalo. So what do I have open that's around there? I'm going to feel like an absolute cad if I don't do this justice. And yes, I said cad. No, I'm not going to take it back. Why couldn't it have been teals? I'm not complaining. What is this? Hercoy. So just resin emeralds, red plum for the mulberry. What is that purple? What purple do you guys think that is? Sweet. What is the thing you put in a wind shield, a sun guard? That doesn't sound, huh? A visor. The big aluminum thing. Do you guys know? That is true. If I don't try it, you'll never know if you like liked it or not. And so we're going to find out together. Hey, Shelly. It's 6 12 a.m. one. We'll hope you're having a great coffee. Hello, Kalera. So I am mixing my resin with my I stoio mixer and I'm apparently dying. I'm just going to let this spin out and then I'll hand mix the rest of it. So are you guys arting today? Tell me all about it. I'm using Stone Coat Art Coat for the resin today. It's a one to one resin. Super easy to work with, very long working time. I love it and I'm pretty sure most everybody that works with it loves it. There are haters, but there's haters with every brand and it is what it is. All right. While that's finishing up mixing, let's set everything up real quick. Rachel, I have the mixer linked in my Amazon. If you click the link that says Amazon under this video, it's in there. Maybe I'll try to remember to do to link it better. Tumblr arting. That is a great day. My pleasure, my pleasure. All right. So even though I use the I stoio mixer to mix the bulk of the resin, it still doesn't get the what is work cup. My mixing bucket, it doesn't scrape those edges. So I have to go in and manually scrape those. And yes, I'm out of smaller mixing buckets with struggle. It's very important if you don't know to fully incorporate both part A and part B of your piece because if you don't, you could end up with a piece that never sets ever or a piece with sticky spots or it may take forever to cure or make your tooth fast. A lot of things happen when you don't mix your resin fully and completely. So if you don't know, now you know. And that includes the bottom of it and your stir stick. All right. So can you do milkshakes with that mixer? I'm sure you could. It's very like, what is that? The hammock Donald's Frosty. Does a mixer, does that mixer a bubbles to the resin? So I think you're asking if it's going to add bubbles to the resin. And let me tell you why the answer is mostly no. When I mix it with my hand, I mixed in most of these bubbles, which isn't even that much. But because the mixer is in there and then it spins instead of like the pedals all the way in there, instead of coming out and back in, it won't introduce more bubbles than when you just put the mixer into the resin. I'm in order from Jericho today and I'm starting a 60 to 120 centimeter commission wall art. I think that's a lot of centimeters, but I don't speak centimeters. But it sounds like a pretty good size piece. And I hope you do an awesome job. And I know you will because I've seen your work. McFlurry, that's the word. Okay. So first colors first. This is dark green and it's giving me like depth options. The closest color that I had open is going to be this Emerald from Just Resin. Special thanks to Tudor for organizing all of my colors. Oh my goodness. I am so nervous. I don't know why. Just Sam. 120 centimeters is 47 plus inches. Wow. That's like a four foot piece. 47 inches. So this is the Emerald from Just Resin. It's not going to focus because my phone doesn't want to. It's a very nice dark like hunter green color, but with a slight gold shimmer interference to it. Really nice color. I should have my order from Just Resin in pretty soon. So if I'm out of any of these colors, make sure you subscribe to our newsletter artist till death.com. And whenever I get a shipment of colors in or have a sale, those are the only times I'll ever send you an email. That's a new email. So a lot of people ask me why I like working with paste. And the answer comes to a lot of different reasons. But the fact that I can vigorously mix my color in, it doesn't take long. And I don't get any puff back into my face from powder. It is a technical term. All right. The second color is a Mulberry. And I believe I pulled a red plum from Resin Art for that. You can get all of these colors on our website, artisttilldeath.com typically. If I'm out, I won't be out for long. Coffee table size. That's amazing. Kim really loves the green. It's a great green. As far as greens go, I never do that well with green, but that's a good green. So this red plum is a little bit more on the purple side in real life. But it has a gold interference as well. And then that plummy base color. Okay. The next one they have is the color purple. And I'm going to use Violet from just Resin for that one. It may be a little bit hot of a shade, but it's a good color. And I think it'll warm up the palette. So Jerry, I'm a fan of paste over Micah. But honestly, that comes down to what you're doing. Honestly. Honestly. Okay. This color is coming in a little bit bright for the palette, but I'm going to roll with it because I mixed this Resin a while ago. It's not warm yet. But I fear it will happen sooner than later. Yeah. Everyone's different. Vam does prefer Micah. People just like what they like because they do. What's up Vegas? Maniac? Having your Bluetooth on. Does that drain your phone? Anytime you have anything where it's trying to connect will drain your phone. So the dusty purple I pulled this color. If it's trying to connect to anything, it's sending out a signal. So it's using battery. I think this was called Wisteria. I don't know if I have any of this particular color in stock. But if anyone out there is interested in this color, I will get it back in for you. Clara, the violet is the fluorescent violet. Yeah. I think this was Wisteria and I don't know if I have any in stock. And the last one, this is calling for lilac. I'm going to use not that. I hope this is usable. Yeah. This is a color that I custom made now that I'm looking at it. I think it was for a periwinkle that I had to do. If you guys don't know, I color match and make custom colors for people all the time. Just shoot me an email with a color swatch and I can do it just for you. So this is our palette. Okay, Bowie. We have a dark green, a mulberry, purple, a dusty purple, and a lilac. So the violet is kind of warm. So I may tone it down with just a little bit of this Wisteria color. Oh my goodness. Bee, what are you doing? She's looking for you. Come on. So I'm going to add some of this Wisteria to darken. Oh, you guys like that lilac color? Well, if you are interested, shoot me an email and I'll make you a custom lilac. Those are different. Enough. Sorry about all that, Ruckus, y'all. Okay. Okay. I'm going to do a white because the verbiage is in white. So that's what I'm going to do. Okay, Bowie. Bee, will you get the door because I don't know if it's people or a drop-off? Bowie. You don't think you can go wrong with any of those colors? I don't think so either, so we'll see. Well, I tell people I only like to use four colors, but today's a different day. All right, Bowie. So how should I pour this out, you guys? What do you think? Should I do a negative space, a swipe, dirty pour? What do you think? That's a good potty. That's a good girl. Puppy's pottying in the right spot. It's a good day. Thank you. I'm going to use some titanium, dirty pours, many swipes. So maybe I'll try to do all of those things, zigzag, and then a swipe. Swipe, dirty, dirty, swipe, swipe, swipe, swipe, swipe. Right. I think I'm going to do a translucent white as well. I'm not going to get really any big cells with this because I didn't do any, I don't have any color passion. Judy, I'm using those cards today. So I like to use translucent because it always gives depth to a piece. So cool. That's what our translucent looks like. You can just see through it. It's like cloudy. All right, let me have some resin left over for just in cases. All right, I think what I'm going to do is a swipe that ultimately incorporates some dirty pour ribbons. So I'm going to have to do an opaque background because maybe not. All my colors are opaque, so it should be fine. I'm going to put some gold sparkle in the clear that I have left just a little bit so you can see through it, but you have a good sparkle color payoff. I'm just going to use this to thinly grease the pan. That's not even enough grease. I'm going to hope the green that's on my gloves doesn't come off onto the piece, but if it does, then it does and that's fine. Since all of our colors are opaque, actually the violet fluorescent from just resin is translucent. Everything else is opaque aside from that violet and the translucent white that we made translucent. So you're not really going to see through to the substrate that much because pigments that are opaque you can't see through and translucent pigments you can see through. Thank you, Clara, for putting in the links for me. Turn this light around because I am sure it's going to hinder visuals. Cool. Okay, so, okay. Swiping paper check. So I'm going to start with the darkest color first and then work my way out with the lighter purples. I like to try to alternate what side I'm coming in on with the resin because you can see that this side is thicker because that's where I started the pores. What do I do with the pieces when I'm done showing you? Yeah, they are all available for sale. If you like a piece that we do on the live, you can kind of call dibs and say you want to purchase it and shoot me an email and I'll send you an invoice and I'll ship them out. And then for all the pieces that don't sell right away, we do a fire sale. Try to do not so much a fire just an art sale once a quarter. Okay, okay. So I'm going to do the green. Oh my goodness. Okay, I'm scared. So green and purple when they mix together make not a pretty color. So I'm going to try to keep them separated. Hey Evelyn, who's to say if they're going to stay separated or if they're even going to stay pretty colors? They may not, but we'll find out together. So because I know that they will make not a cute color together, I'm not going to add that much heat. Okay. So here we go, you guys. So if you've never seen me do a swipe before, wherever you lay your swiping paper is going to be what color picks up. So if I laid it all into this red plum color, all the top is going to look like red plum. But if I lay my swiping paper in all of the colors, then they will all pick up. I don't know why it skipped like that, but we can go by and fix it in a minute. You guys are really upfront. Hopefully I'm still in frame. A heart. Okay, we'll leave it. So whenever you swipe, you don't want to put your swiping paper in vertical because then you'll just scrape everything off. So you want to go in horizontal. I usually let about an inch soak up before I start swiping. I don't think I've ever done a swipe without some kind of base cell something going on. So I'm very interested to see if any interesting effects come out of the piece since we didn't use anything that would yield those results. Also, when I do these kind of swipes, I kind of stagger where I'm swiping from where I'm starting, but it doesn't look like just someone's part in their hair, for example. It is a distinct heart and I'm surprised I couldn't see it before, but you guys definitely spotted it. That is not a pretty stop, but I'll fix that in a moment. I only use my swiping papers one time because whatever color, like I mentioned before, is kind of on top is going to be what your swipe color is. So if I went back in with this and put it in the green, it's still going to have purple on the top because whatever color is on your paper first is going to be what color it turns out. She can't get to use the pins up and still trying not to use too much heat. Surprisingly, I'm getting some cells. I'm going to tilt this guy some. Hope he's working light so I can be on. That's awesome. Yes, I am crashing RK3's video tonight. Rhonda is under weather. So I'm stretching this side of the swipe piece by adding heat to only this area so it would move faster. And then I'm going to do the same down here, all the while avoiding hitting that heart so that it stays. One of my favorite things about Stone Coat is that I guess all resins, if you know how to work them, you can change and manipulate some areas without manipulating others by heating them. All right. Your cat's staring at the screen. That's cute. So I'm going to do some dirty poor ribbons throughout starting with the translucent white. I'm trying to keep colors that won't drive well separated. So essentially, I'm going to try to keep the green fully separated from the purples by putting the green where that the gold sparkle went in. All right. Now I need another stick anywhere. There's one. So now we got our dirty poor. I'm going to just give it a swirl for good measure so I can bring up some of those colors. I don't know where I'm going with this, but we'll find out together. Bowie, that's enough. Does not look like much right now, but I'm going to make it successful. Just give me a minute. I like the ribbons. I almost wish I did the whole thing that way. Bye, Vamp. Sometimes I just am not the biggest fan of a piece until the very end. And not every piece can be a success, but I love working with things that kind of break me out of my comfort zone like colors I wouldn't normally use. I fear we may interrupt the heart, but I'll add another heart in there just for you guys. Not my best piece so far, but I have resin left, so it's not over. Have you ever reported peace? I have many times reported peace. There's no shame in reporting a piece. So I really like what this ribbon looks like. I'm going to try to, I'm putting way too much resin on this piece, and that is okay, but it's a lot. So I only use the lilac and the green, the translucent white in this one because I liked this ribbon. So I'm just adding ribbons of color through the areas that I would kind of want to break up. You kind of like the white negative space. I do too. I think I may leave the negative space and then tilt this way. And yeah, if you don't like something, here's your answer. Just take a stick. Let's say I don't like any of what's on this side. Do that, and then fill it in with what you would like there. We're going to just do white, so it kind of hopefully maybe a little bit balances with the negative space on the other side. Bye, Donna. I'm going to make a red dirty pour with the gold interference, the translucent. Nope, that is opaque. That's okay. So when you want to do a dirty pour that has depth like this, you want to use a lot of transparent and not add too much actual color. Just a little swizzle. That just looks like a candy cane. Who let me do that? This is by far one of the busier pieces I have ever done. I think I'm going to put some breaks of just solid whites. Now we're going to tilt and see what we're left with. Oftentimes, you end up with a piece that's not your favorite. Just tilt it. All right. I've added arguably way too much heat for the colors that are on here, but that's all right. And if this doesn't work to make it something that I'm proud of, then I'm going to write what I was saying as I was saying it. Little girl dog was trying to get out of the pen. I'm going to do a super swipe. What colors do you guys not like working with? What's your least favorite color? I'll help you. Ms. Ma'am. Brown. Yeah, I'm not good with brown. Orange and pink. Yellow. Yellow is a struggle. I'm going to add some heat to get it to flow a little faster because when you thin your resin, no, when you heat your resin, ultimately you're thinning it. When your resin is thinner, it's going to move quicker and easier. All right. I think that this is a point that I can let this piece live. Not mad at it. Let me get you guys up close and see what you all think. So here's a from afar focus. So this was a board I painted over just to art today, but I can see here that there was some texture in it that is grabbing some of the color. That's what those streaky striations are from on this piece. Those colors ended up working well together right there. See how you can see this red go over that purple right there in this area? That's because we're working with a little bit of translucent. I like that you can see that gold shimmer all the way through it. So I don't know if I'm a fan of the colors ultimately on this one, but I do like the flow that we ended up with. I think it's got a lot of nice movement and it's not too busy. It would look a lot better with different colors for sure, but I'm not mad at it. And next Tuesday we're going to pick another card from the other box. We're going to keep them going back and forth. You guys just remember the next week is box one. And so we're going to do that every Tuesday. Join us tomorrow at 6 p.m. for another live. I'm not sure what we're going to do, but it will be art. It will be fine. Could be resin. Could be something completely not resin. Anyways, I hope you enjoyed. Hope you're entertained, educated, or otherwise informed in some way of something, whether it was what not to do or what to do. Hope you join me tonight on RK3 Designs Channel. I'm going to be doing probably a marble my way because it's a, you know, countertop finish channel. If you haven't subscribed, please do so. Leave me your thumbs. Put a comment down after this video post. And yeah, you guys are amazing. Shoot me an email with any questions I didn't get to. And I hope you guys have an awesome, awesome, awesome day. Until next time, be kind to one another because you never know what someone's going through. So you, you, you don't have to. And I'll show you the babes. Let me see. Nope. Let me see where they are. Hold on. There's one. There's that cute little girl causing all that ruckus second ago. What are you doing? Little fox? Are you getting tired? Are you going to fall asleep right here? Oh my goodness. I bet you would if I left my hand here. And a Bowie is probably, I think he's under the bed. So that was your puppy fix for today. All right, you guys. See you guys in the next video. Bye. Bye.

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Question Time | 3

Join us with these series of QUESTION TIME to know more information about the rules of Islam, however, each episode has one question and its answer. For more information, you can visit us on www.imamhussein3.tv. HOTBIRD 11317 V, GALAXY 11929 V

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In order to achieve health and religion, what do you recommend the believers to do? What blocks Satan's temptations is a multi-dimensional method, which is consisted of praying, pleading, and self-control. Allah the Almighty recommends us to pray, and there is a narration from the Prophet of Islam in this matter. If it was not for your worship, God would have never helped you. Self-control is the other dimension, hence the Holy Quran gives us a verse in this regard. As you sow, so shall you reap.

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Journeys to Bagdad | Charles S. Brooks | Essays & Short Works | Talkingbook | English | 1/2

https://gobalex.info/The-Art-Thief-Kindle-Edition https://bit.ly/AIFN https://bit.ly/m/LSUNIQADENTAL https://bit.ly/ABOOK Audiobooks have many benefits for listeners and audiobook lovers. Here are some of them: 1. Improves Listening Skills: Auditing audiobooks can help you develop active listening skills. 2. Enhances Productivity: Another critical benefit of audiobooks is that it helps you to multitask. 3. Helps to Improve Language Skills. 4. Reduces Anxiety and Stress. 5. It Makes the Story Memorable. 6. Help To Build Your Attention and Focus. 7. Prepares You for a Good Night’s Sleep. 8. Audiobooks Can Help You Consume More Books. 9. Introduce students to books above their reading level. 10. Model good interpretive reading. 11. Teach critical listening. 12. Highlight the humor in audiobooks. 13. Introduce new genres that students might not otherwise consider. LibriVox volunteers have recorded full versions of public-domain audiobooks and made them available to everyone. Concise excerpts of contemporary and cutting-edge audiobooks performed by professional voice actors and digital catalogs of audiobooks. If you follow the link in the description or the digital catalog blocks and make a purchase, we may receive a commission. For which we would be grateful! Thank you! #audiobooksfree, #audiobooksfree90, #audiobooksfreeyourhands, #audiobooksfreedom, #freeaudiobooks, #freeaudiobooksforkids, #freeaudiobooks365, #freeaudiobooksmotivational, #freeaudiobooksonyoutube,#2freeaudiobooks, #8freeaudiobooksleft

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Chapter 1 of Journeys to Baghdad This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer, please visit LibriVox.org recording by Rita Boutros. Journeys to Baghdad by Charles S. Brooks. Journeys to Baghdad. Are you of that elect who, at certain seasons of the year, perhaps in March when there is timid promise of the spring, or in the days of October when there are winds across the earth and gorgeous panic of fallen leaves, are you of that elect who on such occasion or any occasion else feels starings in you to be quit of whatever prosy work is yours to throw down your book or ledger or your measuring tape if such device marks your service and to go forth into the world? I do count myself of this elect and I will name such stimuli as most set these starings in me and first of all there is a smell compounded out of hemp and tar that works pleasantly to my undoing. Now it happens that there is in the city down by the river where it flows black with city stain as though the toes of commerce had been washed therein, a certain ship chandlery. It is filthy coming on the place for there is reek from the river and staleness from the shops, ancient whiffs no wise and feebled by their longevity. Nestors of their race with span of seventy lusty summers but these smells do not prevail within the chandlery. At first you see nothing but rope besides clothesline and other such familiar and domestic twistings there are great courtages scarce kinsmen to them which will later put to sea and will whistle with shrill enjoyment at their release. There are such hooks swivels blocks and tackles and such confusion of ships devices as would be enough for the building of a sea-tail. It may be fancy that here is treasure island itself shuffled and laid apart in bits like a puzzle picture for genius may be is but a nimbleness of collocation of such hitherto unconsidered trifles. Then you will go aloft where sails are made with sailor men squatting about bronzed fellows rheumatic all with pipes and through all this shop is the smell of hemp and tar. In finer matters I have no nose. It is ridiculous really that this very messenger and forerunner of myself this trumpeter of my coming this binazel fellow in the crow's nest should be so deficient if smells were bears how often I would be bit my nose may serve by way of ornament or for the sniffing of the heavier odors yet will fail in the nice detection of the fainter waftings and olfactory ticklings yet how will it dilate on the odyssean smell of hemp and tar. And I have no explanation of this for I am no sailor. Indeed at sea I am misery itself whenever perchance the ship goes wop with a wiggle between. Such wistful glances have I cast upon the wide freedom of the decks when I leave them on the perilous adventure of dinner. So this relish of hemp and tar must be a legacy from a far off time. A dim adivism to put it as hard as possible for I seem to remember being told that my ancestors were once engaged in buccaneering or other valiant livelihood. But here is a peculiar thing. The chandlery gives me no desire to run away to sea. Rather the smell of the place urges me indeterminately diffusedly to true entry. It offers me no particular chart. It but cuts my moorings for whatever winds are blowing. If there be blood of a pirate in me it is a shame what faded juice it is. It would flow pink on the sticking. In mean contrast to skulls, bowie knives and other red villainy my thoughts will be set toward the mild true entry of trudging for an afternoon in the country. Or it is likely that I'll carry stones for the castle that I have been this long time building. Where the trick of prosody in me I would hew a poem on the spot. Such is my anemia. And yet there is a touch of valiancy too as from the days when my sainted ancestors sailed with their glass beads from Bristol Harbor the desire of visiting the sunset of sailing down on the far side of the last horizon where the world itself falls off and there is sky with swirl of stars beyond. In the spring of each year everyone should go to Baghdad not particularly to Baghdad for I shall not dictate in matter of detail but to any such town that may happen to be so remote that you are not sure when you look it up whether it is on page 47 which is Asia or on page 53 which is Persia. But Baghdad will serve for surely reader you have not forgotten that it was in Baghdad in the surprising rain of Harun al-Rashid that Sinbad the sailor lived. Nor can it have escaped you that scarce a mule's back distance such was the method of computation in those golden days lived that prince of medieval plainclothes men Ali Baba. Historically Baghdad lies in that tract of earth where purple darkens into night. Geographically it lies obliquely downward and is I compute considerably off the southeast corner of my basement. It is such distant proximity doubtless that renders my basement and particularly its wood pile which lies obscurely beyond the laundry such a shadowy grim and altogether mysterious place. If there be any part of the house including certain dark corners of the attic that is fearfully Mesopotamian after nightfall it is that wood pile. Even when I sit above secure with lights if by chance I hear tapings from below such noises are common on a windy night. I know that it is the African magician pounding for the genie the sound echoing through the hollow earth. It is matter of doubt whether the iron bars so usual on basement windows serve chiefly to keep burglars out or whether their greater service is not their defense of western Christianity against the invasion from the east which except for these bars would enter here as by a postern. At a hazard my suspicion would fall on the iron doors that open inwards in the base of chimneys. We have been fondly credulous that there is nothing but ash inside and mere siftings from the fire above. And when on an occasion we reach in with a trowel for a scoop of this wood ash for our roses we laugh at ourselves for our scare of being nabbed. But someday if by way of experiment you will thrust your head within it's a small hole and you will be besmirched beyond anything but a Saturday's reckoning. You will see that the pit goes off in darkness downward. It was but the other evening as we receded about the fire that there came upward from the basement a gibbering squeak. Then the woodpile fell over for so we judged the clatter. Is it fantastic to think that some dark and muffled Persian after his dingy tunneling from the banks of the Tigris had climbed the pile of wood for a breath of night at the window and his foot slipping the pile fell over? Plainly we heard him scuttling back to the ash pit. Be these things as they may when you have arrived in Baghdad and it is best that you travel over land and sea. If you be serious in your zest you will not be satisfied but will journey a thousand miles more at the very least in whatever direction is steepest. And you will turn the flanks of seven mountains with seven villainous peaks thereon. For the very number of them will put a spell on you and you will cross running water that you leave no scent for the world behind. Such journey would be the soul of truantry and you should set out upon the road every spring when the wind comes warm. Now the medieval pilgrimage in its day as you very well know was a most popular institution and the reasons are as plentiful as blackberries. But in the first place and foremost it came always in the spring. It was like a tonic, iron for the blood. There were many men who were not a bit pious who on the first warm day when customers were scarce yawned themselves into a prodigious holiness. Who indeed would resign himself to changing monies or selling doves upon the temple's steps when such appeal was in the air? What cobbler even bent upon his leather whose soul would not mount upon such a summons? Who was it preached the first crusade? There was no marvel in the business. Did he come down our street now that April's here? He would win recruits from every house. I myself would care little whether he were Christian or Mohammedan if only the shrine lay overseas and deep within the twistings of the mountains. If however your true entry is domestic and the scope of the seven seas with glimpse of Baghdad is too broad for your desire then your yearning may direct itself to the spaces just outside your own town. If such myopic true entry is in you there is much to be said for going afoot. In these days when motors are as plentiful as mortgages this may appear but discontented destitution the cry of sour grapes and yet much of the adventuring of life has been gained afoot but walking now has fallen on evil days it needs but an enlistment of words to show its decadence. Tramp is such a word. Time was when it signified a straight back and muscular calves and an appetite and at nightfall maybe pleasant gossip at the hearth on the affairs of distant villages. There was rhythm in the sound but now it means a loafer, a shuffler, a wilted rascal. It is patched, dingy, out at elbows. Take the word vagabond. It ought to be of innocent repute for it is built solely from stuff that means to wander and wandering since the days of Moses has been practiced by the most respectable persons. Yet Noah Webster, a most disinterested old gentleman makes it clear that a vagabond is a vicious scamp who deserves no better than the lock-up. Doubtless Webster if at home would lose his dog did such a one appear. A wayfarer also in former times was but a goer of ways a man afoot, whether on pilgrimage or itinerant with his wares and cart and bell. Does the word not recall the poetry of the older road, the jogging horse, the bush of the tavern, the crowd about the peddler's pack, the musician piping to the open window or the shrine in the hollow, or maybe it summons to you a decked and painted chembissies bellowing his wrath to an in-yard? One would think that the inventor of these scandals was a crutched and limping fellow who, being himself stunted and dwarfed below the waist, was trying to sneer into disuse all walking the world over, or one who is paunched by fat living beyond carrying power, larding the lean earth, fearing lest he sweat himself to death, some false staff who unbuttons him after supper and sleeps on benches afternoon. Rather, these words should connote the strong, the self-reliant, the youthful. He is a tramp, we should say, who relies most on his own legs and resources, who least cushions himself daintily against jar in his neighbor's tonneau, whose eye shines out seldomest from the curb for a lift. The wayfarer must go forth in the open air. He must seek hilltop and wind. He must gather the dust of counties. His prospects must be of broad fields and the smoking chimneys of supper. But the goer of foot must not be conceived as primarily an engine of muscle. He is the best walker who keeps most widely awake in his five senses. Some men might as well walk through a railway tunnel. They are so concerned with the getting there that a black knight hangs over them. They plunge forward with their heads down as though they came of an antique race of road builders. Should there be mileposts, they are busied with them only and they will draw dials from their pokes to time themselves. I fell into this iniquity on a walk in Wales from Bala to Dalgeli. Although I set out leisurely enough with an eye for the lake and hills, before many hours had elapsed, I had acquired the milepost habit and walked as if for a wager. I covered the last twenty miles in less than five hours and when the brown stone village came in sight and I had thumped down the last hill and over the peaked bridge I was a dilapidated and foot sore vagrant and nothing more. To this day Wales for me is the land where once feet have the ugly habit of foregathering in the end of the shoes. Worse still than the athletic walker is he who takes dame care out for a stroll. He forever runs his machinery, plans his business ventures and introduces his warehouse to the countryside. Nor must walking be conceived as merely a means of resting. One should set out refreshed and for this reason morning is the best time. Yours must be an exultant mood. Full many a glorious morning have I seen flatter the mountaintops with sovereign eye. Your brain is off at a speed that was impossible in your lackluster days. You have a flow of thoughts instead of the miserable trickle that ordinarily serves your business purposes and keeps you from under the trolley cars. But all true entry is not in the open air. I know a man who while it is yet winter will get out his rods and fit them together as he sits before the fire. Then he will swing his arm forward from the elbow. The table has become his covert and the rug beyond is his pool. And sometimes even when the rod is not in his hand he will make the motion forward from the elbow and will drop his thumb. It will show that he has jumped the seasons and that he stands to his knees in an August stream. It was but yesterday on my return from work that I witnessed a sight that moved me pleasantly to thoughts of true entry. Now in all points a grocer's wagon is stayed and respectable. Indeed in its adherence to the business of the hour we might use it as a pattern. For six days in the week it concerns itself solely with its errands of mercy. Such woes and running up the kitchen steps with baskets of potatoes. Such poundings on the door. Such golden wealth of melons as it dispenses. Though there may be a kind of gaiety in this yet I'll hazard that in a whole range of quadricycle life no vehicle is more free from any taint of riotous conduct. Mark how it keeps its Sabbath in the shed. Yet here was this sturdy Puritan tied by a rope to a motor car and fairly bounding down the street. It was a worse breach than when Noah was drunk within his tent. Was it an instance of falling into bad company? It was Nim you remember who set Master Slender onto drinking. And I be drunk again, quoth he. I'll be drunk with those that have the fear of God and not with drunken knaves. Or rather did not every separate squeak of the grocer's wagon cry out a truant disposition. After years of repression here was its chance at last. And with what a joyous relic with what a lively clatter with what a hilarious reeling as though in gay defiance of the law of gravity was it using its liberty. Had it been a hearse and a runaway the comedy would not have been better. If I had been younger I would have pelted after and climbed in over the tailboard to share the reckless pitch of its enfranchisement. Then there is a truantry that I mention with hesitation for it comes close to the heart of my desire and in such matter particularly I would not wish to appear a fool to my fellows. The child has this truantry when he plays at Indian for he fashions the universe to his desires but some men too can lift themselves though theirs is an intellectual bootstrap into a life that moves above these denser airs. There's is an intensity that goes deeper than daydreaming although it admits distant kinship through what twilight and shadows do such men climb until night and stardust are about them. There's is the dizzy exultation of him who mounts above the world. Alas in me is no such unfathomable mystery I but trick myself yet I have my moments these stones that I carry on the mountain what of them on what windy ridge do I build my castle? It is shrill and bleak they say on the topmost peaks of the delectable mountains so lower down I have reared its walls. There is no storm in these upland valleys and the sun sits pleasantly on their southern slopes but even if they're beyond folded no broad prospect from the devil to the sunrise there are pleasant cottages in sight and the smoke of many suppers curling up. If you happened to have been a freshman at Yale some eighteen years ago and were at all addicted to canoeing on Lake Whitney and if moreover on coming off the lake they're burned in you a thirst for ginger beer as is common in the gullet of a freshman doubtless you have gone from the boathouse to a certain little white building across the road to gratify your hot desires. When you open the door you're a contemptible person I speak with the vocabulary of a sophomore is proclaimed to all within by the jangling of a bell. After due interval wherein you busy yourself in an inspection of the cakes and buns that beam upon you from a showcase your nose meanwhile being pressed close against the glass for any slight blemish that might deflect your decision for a current in the dough often raises an unsavory suspicion and you'll squint to make the matter sure there will appear through a back door a little old man to minister unto you. You will give no great time to the naming of your drink for the fires are hot in you but will take your bottle to a table. The braver spirits among you will scorn glasses as effeminate and will gulp the liquor straight from the bottle with what wickedest bravado you can muster. Now it is likely that you have done this with a swagger and have called your servitor old top or other playful name. Mark your mistake. You were in the presence if you but knew it of a real author not a Tyro fumbling for self-expression but a man with 30 cereals to his credit. Shall I name the periodical? It was the golden hours I think. Ginger beer and jangling bells were but a fringe upon his darker purpose. His desk was somewhere in the back of the house and there he would rise to all the fury of a South Sea wreck for his genius lay in the broader effects. Even while we simpletons gested feebly and practiced drinking with the open throat which we esteemed would be of service when we had progressed to the heavier art of drinking real beer even as we munched upon his ginger cakes he had left us and was exterminating an army corps in the back room. He was a little man pale and stooped but with a genius for truantry a pilgrim of the Baghdad road. But we move on too high a plane. Most of us are admitted into truantry by the accidents merely of our senses. By way of instance the sniff of a rotten apple will set a man off as on seven-league boots to the valleys of his childhood. The dry rustling of November leaves relights the fires of youth. It was only this afternoon that so slightest circumstance as a ray of light flashing in my eye provided me an agreeable and unexpected truantry. It sent me climbing the mountains of the North and in no less company than that of Brunhilda and a troop of Valkyrs. It is likely enough that none of you have heard of Long Street. As far as I am aware it is not known to general fame. It is typically a back street of the business of a city that is the vantages of its buildings are darkened most often by packing cases and bails. Behind these vantages are metal chutes. To one uninitiated in the ways of commerce it would appear that these openings were patterned for the multi-form enactment of an Amy Robbsart tragedy with such devilish deceit are the chutes laid up against the openings. First the teamster teeters and cajoles the box to the edge of the dray. Then with a sudden push he throws it off down the chute from which it disappears with a booming sound. As I recall it was by some such treachery that Amy Robbsart met her death. Be that as it may all day long great drays go by with earls of luster on their lofty seats prevailing on their horses with stout Elizabethan language. If there comes a tangle in the traffic it is then especially that you will hear a largeness of speech as of spacious and heroic days. During the meaner hours of daylight it is my privilege to occupy a desk and chair at a window that overlooks this street. Of the details of my activity I shall make no mention of such level being far below the flight of these enfranchised hours of night where and I write. But in the pauses of this activity I see below me wagon loads of nails go by and wagon loads of hammers hard after to get a crack at them. Then there will be a truck of saws as though the planking of the world yearned toward amputation. Or maybe at a guess ten thousand rat traps will move on down the street. It's sure they take us for Hamlin Town and are eager to lay their ambushment. There is something rather starring in such prodigious marshalling but I hear you ask what this has to do with true entry. It was near Quinton time yesterday that a dre was discharging cases down a chute. These cases were secured with metal reinforcement and this metal being rubbed bright happened to catch a ray of the sun at such an angle that it was reflected in my eye. This flash which was like lightning in its intensity together with the roar of the falling case transported me. It's monstrous what jumps we take when the fit is on us to the slopes of dim mountains in the night to the heights above Valhalla with the flash of valkers descending and the booming of the case upon the slide God pity me was the music. It was thus that I was sent aloft upon the mountains of the north into the glare of lightning with the cry of valkers above the storm. But presently there was a voice from the street. It's the last case tonight Sam, you lunkhead. It's Quinton time. The light fades on Long Street. The drays have gone home. The earls of Lester drows in their own kitchens or spread whole slices of bread on their broad aristocratic palms. Somewhere in the dimmest recesses of those cluttered buildings ten thousand rat traps await expectant the oncoming of the rats. And in your own basement the shadows having prospered in the twilight it is sure by the beard of the prophet it is sure that the ash pit door is again a jar and that a pair of eyes gleam upon you from the darkness. If on the instant you will crouch behind the laundry tubs and will hold your breath as though a doctor's thermometer were in your mouth you with a cold in the head. It's likely that you will see a Persian climb from the pit shake the ashes off him and make for the vantage of the woodpile where the window being barred he will sigh his soul for the freedom of the night. End of Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Of Journeys to Baghdad This is a LibriVox recording. All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain. For more information or to volunteer please visit LibriVox.org Recording by Rita Butros. Journeys to Baghdad by Charles S. Brooks The worst edition of Shakespeare Reader, if by fortunate chance you have a son of tender years the age is best from the 6th to the 11th summer or in lieu of a son, a nephew only a few years in pants mere shoots of nether garments not yet descending to the knees. Doubtless if such fortunate chance be yours you went on one or more occasions last summer to a circus. If the true holiday spirit be in you and you be of other sort I'll not chronicle you. You will have come early to the scene for a just examination of what mysteries and excitements are set forth in the side shows. Now if you be a man of humane reasoning you will stand lightly on your legs alert to be pulled this way or that as the nepotic wish shall direct whether it be to the fat woman's booth or to the platform where the thin man stands with legs entwined behind his neck in delightful promise of what joy awaits you when you have dropped your nickel in the box and gone inside. To draw your steps it is the showman's privilege to make what blare he pleas upon the sidewalk to puff his cheeks with robust announcement. If by further fortunate chance you are addicted let us say in the quieter hours of winter to writing of any kind and for your joy I pray that this be so whether this writing be in massive volumes or obscure and unpublished beyond its demerit if such has been your addiction you have found doubtless that your case lies much like the fat woman's that it is the show you give before the door that must determine what numbers go within that to be plain with you much thought must be given to the taking of your title it must be a most alluring trumpeting above the din of rival shows. So I have named this article with thought of how I might stir your learned curiosity. I have set scholars words upon my platform thereby to make you think how prodigiously I have stuffed the matter in and all this while my article has to do only with a certain set of Shakespeare in nine calfskin volumes edited by a man named John Bell now long since dead which set happens to have stood for several years upon my shelves also how it was disclosed to me that he was the worst of all editors together with the reasons there too and his final acquittal from the charge John Bell has stood for the most part in unfingered tranquility for I read from a handier single volume only at cleaning times has he been touched and then but in the common misery with all my books against this cleaning which I take to be only a quirk of the female brain I have often urged that the great round earth itself has been subjected to only one flood and that even that was a failure for despite no shrewdness at the gangway villains still persist on it how then shall my books profitably endure a deluge both autumn and spring thereafter when the tempest has spent itself and the waters have returned from off my shelves I'll venture in the room there will be something different in the sniff of the place and it will be marvelously picked up yet I can mend these faults but it does fret me how books will be standing on their heads where certain volumes only singled out to stand upon their heads sure for one and others of our moderns I would suspect the housemaid of expressing in this fashion a sly and just criticism of their inverted beliefs I accused her on one occasion of this subtlety but was met by such a vacant stare that I acquitted her at once however as she leaves my solidest authors also on their heads men beyond the peradventure of such antics I must consider it but a part of her carelessness for which I have warned her twice were it not for her cunning with griddle-cakes to which I am much affected I would have dismissed her before this and now this bell which has ridden out so many of my floods is proclaimed to me a villain we had got beyond the April freshets and there was in consequence a soapy smell about it is clear in my mind that a street organ had started up a gay tune and that there was sounds of gathering feet I was reading at the time in the green rocker by the lamp a life of John Murray by one whose name I have forgotten when my eyes came on the sentence that has shaken me bell it said bell of my own bookshelf of all the editors of Shakespeare was the worst in my agitation I removed my glasses breathed upon the lens and polish them here was one of my familiars accused of something that was doubtless heinous although in what particulars I was at a loss to know it came on me suddenly it was like a whispered scandal sinister in its lack of detail all that I had known of bell was that its publication had dated from the 18th century yet its very age had seemed a patent of respectability if a thing does not rot and smell in a hundred and forty years it would seem to be safe from corruption it were true peacock but here at last from bell was an unsavory whiff my flood had abated only a fortnight since and here was a stowaway escaped bell was proclaimed a villain again had a flood proved itself a failure now I feel no shame in having an outsider like Murray display to me these hidden evils for I owe no inquisitorial duty to my books there are people who will not admit a volume to their shelves until they have thrown it open and laid its contents bare this is the unmanorly conduct of the customs wharf indeed it is such scrutiny doubtless that induces some authors to pack their ideas obscurely thereby to smuggle them however they're being now a scandal on my shelves I must spy into it John Murray wherein I had read the charge had been such a friendly tea and gossip book not the kind to his a scandal at you it was bound in blue cloth and was a heavy book so that I held it on a cushion and this device I recommend to others it was the kind of book that stays open at your place if you leave it for a moment to poke the fire some books will flop a hundred pages to make you thumb them back and forth though whether this be the binder's fault or a devil tree set therein by their authors I am at a loss to say but Shaw would be of this kind flopping and spry to mix you up and in general Shaw's humor is like that of a shell man at a country fair a thimble rigger no matter where you guess that he has placed the bean you will be always wrong even though you swear that you have seen him slip it under it's but his cunning to lead you off but Murray was not that kind it would stand at its post unhitched like a family horse here was the quandary I looked at Belle but God forgive me it was not with the old trustfulness he was on the top shelf but one just in line with the eyes with guilt front winking in the firelight I had set him thus conspicuous with intention because of his calfskin binding quite old and worn a decayed gibbon I had thought proclaims a grandfather a set of British essayists if disordered takes you back of the black walnut to what length then of cultured ancestry must not this Belle give evidence I had bought Belle's second hand on Farringdon Road London from a cart cheap because of volume was missing and now it seemed he was in some sort of villain although shocked I felt a secret joy for somewhat too broadly had Belle smirked his sanctity on me when piety has been flaunting over you you will steal a slim occasion to proclaim a flaw there is much human nature goes to the stoning of a saint in my ignorance I had set the rogue in the company of the decorous Lorna Dune and the gentle ladies of Mrs. Gasco it is not that I admire that chased assembly but it were monstrous even so that I should neighbor them with this spell who as it appeared was no better than a wolf in calf's clothing it was little red riding hood you will recall whom is took a wolf for her grandmother and with what grief do we look on her unhappy end my hand was now raised to drag Belle out by the heels when I reflected that what I had heard might be unfounded gossip mere tattle and that before I turned against an old acquaintance it were well to set an inquiry afoot first however I put him alongside Herbert Spencer if it were Belle's desire to play the grandmother to him he would find him tough meat Belle John I looked him up first in volume A. U. S. to B. I. S. of the encyclopedia without finding him and then successfully in the national biography Belle John was a London bookseller he was born in 1745 published his edition of Shakespeare in 1774 and after this assault with the blood upon him lived fifty years this was reassuring it was then but a bit of wild oats no hanging matter I now went at the question deeply yet I left him a while with the indigestible Herbert it was in 1774 that Belle squirted his dirty ink and the gentleman's magazine for that year appear mutterings from America since called the Boston Tea Party I set this down to bring the time more warmly to your mind for a date alone is but a blurred signpost unless you be a scholar and it is advisedly that I quote from this particular periodical because it's old files can best put the past back upon its legs and set it going there is a kind of history book that sorts the bones and ties them all about with strings that sets the past up and bids it walk yet it will not wag a finger its knees will clap together its chest fall in such books are like the scribblings on a tombstone the ghost below gives not the slightest squeal of life but slap it shut and read what was written hastily at the time on the pages of the gentleman's magazine and it will be as though Gabriel had blown a practice toot among the headstones it is then that you will get the gibbering of returning life so it was in 1774 that Bell put out his version of Shakespeare Bell was not a man of the schools caring not a cracked tinkle for learning it was not to the folios nor to any authority that he turned for the texts of his plays instead he went to Drury Lane and Covent Garden and took their acting copies these volumes then that catch my firelight hold the very plays that the crowds of 1774 looked upon here in is the Romeo word for word that Lydia languished sniffled over here in is Shylock not yet with pathos on him but a buffoon still to draw the gallery laugh a few nights later having by grace of God escaped a dinner out and being of a consequence in a kindly mood the scandal too having somewhat abated in my memory I took down a brown volume and ran my fingers over its sides and along its yellow edges then I made myself comfortable and opened it up there is nothing today more degenerate than our title pages it is in a mean spirit that we pinch and starve them I commend the older kind wherein generously and sampled is the promise of the rich diet that shall follow at the circus I have said I'll go within that booth that has most allurement on its canvas front and where the hawker has the biggest voice if a fellow will but swallow a snake upon the platform at the door my money is already in my palm thus of a book I demand an earnest on the title page Bell's title page is of the right kind in the profusion and variety of its letters it is like a printer sample book with tall letters and short letters dogmatic letters for heaping facts on you and script letters reclining on their elbows convalescent in the text there are slim letters and again the very progeny of false staff and what flourishes on the page it is like a pond after the antics of a skater there follows the subscribers list it is a mr. tickles set that has come to me for his name is on the fly leaf but for me and this set of bell mr. tickle would seem to have sunk into obscurity I proclaim him here and if there be anywhere at this day younger tickles even down to the nearest titillation may they see these lines and thus take a greeting from the past then follows an essay on oratory it made me grin from end to end yet as on the repeating of a comic story it is hard to get the sting and rollock on the tongue and much quotation on a page makes it like a foundling hospital sentences unparented ideas abandoned of their proper text where grief is to be expressed says Bell the right hand laid slowly on the left breast the head and chest bending forward is a just expression of it ardent affection is gained by closing both hands warmly at half arms length the fingers intermingling and bringing them to the breast with spirit folding arms with a drooping of the head describe contemplation I have put it to you and you can judge it let us consider Bell's marginalia of the plays every age has impertuned itself with the words reason was such a word and fraternity and liberty efficiency maybe is the latest though it is sure that when you want anything done properly you have to fight for it it is below the dignity of my page to put a plumber on it yet I have endured occasions this word efficiency then comes from our needs and not from our accomplishment it is at best a marching song not a shout of victory it is when the house is dirty that the cry goes up for brooms so Bell in the notes upon the margins of his pages echoes a world that is talking about delicacy about sentiment about equality for a breeze blows up from France it was these words that the 18th century most babbled when it grew old it had horror for what was low and vulgar it wore laces on its doublet front and though it seldom washed it perfumed itself and all this is in Bell for his notes are a running comment of a shallow puritanistic prig who had sharp eyes and a gossip's tongue this was the time too when such words as blanket were not spoken by young ladies if men were about for it is a bedroom word and therefore immoral Bell objected from the bottom of his silly soul that Lady Macbeth should soil her mouth with it blanket of the dark he says is an expression greatly below our author curtain is evidently better was the hope drunk wherein you dressed yourself where at Bell again complains that Lady Macbeth is unnecessarily indelicate though this tragedy says Bell must be allowed a very noble composition it is highly reprehensible for exhibiting the chimeras of witchcraft and still more so for advancing in several places the principles of fatalism we would not wish to see young unsettled minds to peruse this piece without proper companions to prevent absurd prejudices it must appear from this that although one gains no knowledge of Shakespeare one does gain a considerable knowledge of Bell and of his time and this is just as well for Bell's light on Shakespeare would be but a sulfur match the more at carnival time indeed Shakespeare criticism has been such a pageantry of spluttering candle ends and sniffing wicks that it is well that one or two tallow dips leave the rabble and illuminate the adjacent alleys it is down such an alley that Bell's smoking light goes wandering off as I read Bell this night it is as though I listen at the boxes and in the pit in that tinkling time of seventy-four the patched Laetitia sits surrounded by her bows it was this afternoon she had the vapors next to her as dragon over beauty is a fat dame with grenadier headdress the rivals has yet to be written London still hears the beggar's opera Lady Macbeth is played in hoop skirts the best steel is a tolerably tight building Robert Burns is strewn with his first crumbs it is the age of ombre of sonnets to Chloe's false ringlets of odes to red heels and epics to lap dogs of tinseled struttings in gilded drawing rooms it was town and alley this age and though the fields lay daily in their new creation with sun and shadow on them together with the minstrelsy of the winds across them and the still pipings of leaf and water London the while kept herself in her smudgy convent her ear tuned only to the jolting music of her streets the rough syncope of wheel and voice since then what countless winds have blown across the world and cloud rack and this older century is now but a clamor of the memory what mystery it is what were the happenings in that pinprick of universe called London of all the millions of anthills this side Orion what about this one London was so certain it was the center of circumambient space tin to nabulate little Bell so you see that the head in front of Bell's villainy was that he was a little man with an abnormal capacity for gossip if gossip then be a gallows matter let Bell unbutton him for the end on the contrary if gossip be but a trifle here were a case for climate judgment in the first place there is no vice of necessity in gossip this must be clearly understood it is proximity in time and place that makes it intolerable a gossip next door may be a nuisance a gossip in history may be delightful no doubt if I had lived in Auckland like in the days when Boswell lived at home I would have thought him a nasty little sky key but let him get to London and far off in the revolving years and I admit him virtuous a gossip seldom dies the oldest person in every community is a gossip and there are others still blooming and tender who we know will live to be leathery and hard that the life insurance actuaries do not recognize this truth is a shame to their perception ancestral lesions should bulk for them no bigger than any slightest taint of keyhole lassitude for it is by thinking of ourselves that we die it leads to rooms and indigestions and off we go and even an ignoble altruism would save us I know one old lady who has been preserved to us these thirty years by no other nostrum than a knothole appearing in her garden fence it is a matter of doubt whether at the fashionable cures it is the water that has chief potency or whether so many being met together each morning at the pump it is not the exchange of these bits of news that leads to convalescence it is marvelous how a dull eye lights up if the bit be spicy there was a famous cure I'm told though I answer not for the truth of this closed up for no other reason than that a deeper scandal being hissed about a ladies made a fair all the inmates became distracted from their own complaints and so being made new departed to this day the building stands with broken doors and windows as testament to the blight such a sudden miracle put on the springs this shows therefore that gossipry must be judged by its effects if it allay the stone or give a pleasant evening it should have reward instead of punishment and here had bell diverted me agreeably for an hour it is true he had given me no chill and arid knowledge of Shakespeare but I had had ample substitute and the clock had struck ten before its time it were justice then that I cast back the lie on Murray and give bell full acquittal no sooner was this decision made then I lifted him tenderly from the shelf where I had sequestered him volume seven was on its head but I set it upright then I stroked its sides and blew upon its top as is my custom at the last I put him on his former shelf in the company of the chased Lorna Dune and the gentle ladies of Mrs. Gasco he sits there now this night on the top shelf but one just in line with the eyes with guilt front winking in the firelight a decayed gibbon I had thought proclaims a grandfather to what length then of cultured ancestry must not this bell give evidence end of chapter two chapter three of journeys to Baghdad this is a prevox recording all the prevox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit leprevox.org recording by Avahi in November 2019 journeys to Baghdad by Charles S. Brooks the decline of nightcaps it sounds like the tinkle of triviality to descend from the stern business of this present time to right of nightcaps and yet while the discordant battles are puffing their cheeks upon the rumbling bass pipes it is relief if there be intermingle the small shrill treble any slightest squeak outside the general woe there was a time when the chief issue of foul was feather beds some few tallest and straightest feathers may be were used on women's hats and a few of better nib than common were set aside for poets use goose feathers in particular being fashioned properly for the softer flutings whether of love or spring but in the main the manifest destiny of a feather was a feather bed in those days it was not enough that you plunged to the chin in this hot swarm of weathers for discretion in an attempt to ward off from you all snuffling rooms cuffings hackings and other fleshly eels required you before kicking off the final slippers to shut the windows against what were believed to be the dank humours of the night nor was this enough you slept of course in a four-post bed and the curtains had to be pulled together beyond the parrot venture of a cranny then as a last prophylaxis you put on a nightcap Mr. Pickwick's was tied under the chin like a sun bonnet and the cords dangled against his chest but this was a matter of taste it was behind such triple rampart that you slept and were adjudged safe from the foul contagion of the dark consequently your bed was not exactly like a little boat rather it was like a pullman sleeper which as you will remember was invented early in the 19th century and stands as a monument to its wisdom I have marveled at the ease with which Othello strangled Destemona further thought gives it explanation the poor girl was half suffocated before he laid hands on her I find also a solution of Macbeth's enigmatic speech wicked dreams abuse to curtain sleep any dream that could get at you through the circumvalation of glass, brocade, cotton and feathers could be no better than a quadruplicated housebreaker compounded out of desperate villainies reader have you ever purchased a pair of pajamas in London this is homely stuff I write yet there's pathos in it the jaunty air betokens the beginning of your search before question and reiteration have dulled your spirits later there will be less sparkle in your eye what? do not the English wear pajamas? does not the sex that is bifurcated by day keep by night to its manly bifurcation is not each separate leg swayed in complete divorcement from its fellow are womanish do they rest in the common dormitory of a short de nuit the Englishmen does wear pajamas but the world with him takes on an Icelandic meaning they are built to the prescription of an Eskimo they are woolly fuzzy and the width of a finger thick if I were a night watchman doomed for a certain term to walk the night I should insist on English pajamas to keep me awake if Saint Sebastian who I take it wore sackcloth for the glory of his soul could have lighted on the pair of pajamas that I bought on Oxford Circus his halo would have burned the brighter just how the feathery and billowy nights of our great-grandparents were changed into the present is too deep for explanation perhaps Annie left a door or window open such neglect fitting with her other heedlessness and not withstanding this means of entry it was found in the morning that no sprite or oof had got in to pinch the noses of the sleepers at least there was no evidence of such a visitation unless the snoring that abounded all the night did proceed from the pinching of the nose the nasal orifice being so clamped betwixt the forefinger and the thumb of these devilish sprites that the breath was denied its proper channel unless snoring was so caused it is clear that no oof had clamped through the window or perhaps some brave man a brother to him who first ate an oyster put up the window out of Provado to snap thereby his fingers at the forms of darkness and being found whole and without blemish or mark of witch upon his throat and without catharal snuffling in his nose of a consequence the harsh opinion against the night softened or maybe some younger woman threw up her window to listen to the slim tenor of moonlight passion with such strumming business as accompanied tinkling of cithern or a mandolin and so with chin in hand she sighed her soul abroad to the result that the closing was forgotten it is like enough that her dreams were all the sweeter for the breeze that blew across her bed loaded with the rhythmic memory of the words she had heard within the night it was vanity killed the nightcap what aldermanic man would risk the chance of seeing himself in the mirror what judge perugued by day could so contain his learned locks a male with waxed mustachios or with limpest beard or chin new reaped would put his ears in such a compress you will recall how Mr. Pickwick snatched his off when he found a lady in the curl papers in his room his round face showed red with shame against the dusky bed curtains like the sun peering through the fog or bed curtains they served the intrigue of at least five generations of novelists from fielding onward there was not a rogue's tale of the 18th century complete without them the wrong persons were always being pinned up inside them the cause of such confusion started in the tap too much niggas or an overdrop of pineapple rum with a lemon in it or a potent drink whose name I have forgotten that was always ordered and make it look, my dear then after such evening I turned to the left instead of right a wrong counting of doors along the passage the jiggling of bed curtains screens and consternation it is one of the seven original plots except for clothes closets screens and bed curtains stern must have gone out of the novel business Sheridan have lost fecundity and tried and starved in a garret but a moth's caught into their red brocade at last and pretty meal they made a sleeping porch is the symbol of the friendly truce between man and a material universe the world itself and avoid spaces of its wonderings together with the elements of our celestial neighborhood have been viewed by men with dark suspicion with rather a squint-eyed prejudice let's take a single case winds for a long time have borne bad reputations except such anemic collateral as are called sapphires and winds properly speaking which are big and strong enough to have rough chins and beards coming have been looked upon as roused abouts what was mere humor in their behavior has been set down to mischief if a wind in playfulness does but shake a casement or if in frolic it scatters the ashes across the hearth or if in liveliness it swishes you as you turn a corner and drives you a slant across the street is it right that you set your tongue to gossip and judge it as son of Belial there are persons also but such sleep indoors in whose ears the wind whistles only gloomy tunes or if it rise to shrill piping it rouses only a fear of chimneys thus in both high pitch and low there is fear in the hearing of it into their faces will come a kind of God help the poor sailors in the channel look as in a melodrama when the paper snowstorm is at its worst and the wind machine is straining at its straps one would think that they were afraid the old earth itself might be buffeted off its course and fall afoul of neighboring planets but behold the man whose custom is to sleep upon a porch at what slightest hint the night being yet young with scarce three yawns gone round does he shut his book and screen the fire with what speed he bolts the door and puts out the downstairs lights lest callers catch him in the business how briskly does he mount the stairs with fingers already on the buttons then with what scattering of garments he makes him ready as though his explosive speed had blown him all to pieces and launched him about the room then behold him such general amputation not having proved fatal advancing to the door muffled like a monk there is a slippered flight he dives beneath the covers I draw you a winter picture you will see no more of him now than the tip of his nose rising like a little etna from the waves but does he fear the wind as it fumbles around the porch and plays like a kitten with the awning cords bless you he has become a playmate of the children of the night the swaying branches, the stars, the swell of leaves all the romping children of the night and if there was any fear at all within the darkness it has gone to sulk behind the mountains but the wind sings a sleepy song and the game's too short then the wind goes round and round the house looking for the leaves for the wind is a bit of a nursemaid and wherever it finds them it tucks them in under fences and up against cellar windows where they will be safe until morning then it goes off on other business so there are other streets in town and a great many leaves to be attended to but the fellow with the periscopic nose above the covers lies on his back beneath the stars and contemplation journeys to him from the wide spaces of the night End of Chapter 3 Chapter 4 of Journeys to Baghdad This is a LibriVox recording All LibriVox recordings are in the public domain For more information or to volunteer please visit LibriVox.org Recording by Christine Lehmann, Recita, California Journeys to Baghdad by Charles S. Brooks Maps and Rabbit Holes In what pleasurable mystery would we live were it not for maps if I chance on the name of a town I have visited I locate it on a map I may not actually get down the atlas and put my finger on the name but at least I picture to myself its lines and contour and judge its miles in inches and thereby for a thing of ink and cardboard I have banished from the world its immensity and mystery but if there were no maps what then by other devices I would have to locate it I would say that it came at the end of some particular day's journey that it lies in the twilight at the conclusion of twenty miles of dusty road that it lies one hour nightward of a blowout it would make it neighbor to an appetite gratified and a thirst assuaged a cool bath a lazy evening with starlight and country sounds is not this better than a dot on a printed page that is the town I would say where we had the mutton chops and where we heard the bullfrogs on the bridge or that town may be circumstance in sherry pie a comical face at the next table a friendly dog with hair-trigger tail or some immortal glass of beer on a bench outside a road in these things make that town as a flame in the darkness a flame on a hillside to overtop my course many years can go grinding by without obliterating the pleasant sight of its flair or maybe the town is so intermingled with dismal memories that no good comes of two particularly locating it then Tony Lumpkin's advice on finding Mr. Hardcastle's house is enough it's a damned long dark boggy dirty dangerous way and let it go at that maps are totes to the thoroughfares they shower their attentions on the wide pavements holding them up to observation marking them in red and babbling and prattling upsequiously about them meanwhile snubbing with disregard all the lanes and bypass they are cockney and are interested in showing only the high roads between cities and in consequence neglect all tributary loops and windings in a word they are against the jog trot countryside and conspire with the signposts against all loitering and irregularity as for me I do not like a straight thoroughfare to travel such a road is like passing a holiday with a man who is going about his business idle as you are, vacant of purpose, alert for distraction he must keep his eyes straight ahead and he must attend to the business in hand I like a road that is at heart a vagabond which loiteres in the shade and turns its head on occasion to look around the corner of a hill which will seek out obscure villages even though it requires a zigzag course up a hillside which follows a river for the very love of its company and humours its windings which trots alongside and listens to its ripple and then crosses sans bridge like a schoolboy with its toes in the water I love a road which goes with the easy rolling gate of a sailor ashore it has no thought of time and it accepts all the vagaries of your laziness I love a road which weaves itself into eddies of eager traffic before the door of an inn and stops a minute at the drinking trough because it has heard the thirst in your horse's winny and afterwards it bends its head on the hillside for a last look at the kindly spot ah, but the vagabond cannot remain long on the hills its best are its lower levels, so down it dips the descent is easy for roads and cartwheels and vagabonds and much else until in the evening it hears again the murmur of waters and its journey has ended there is of course some fun in a map that is all wrong those, for example, of the early navigators are worth anybody's time there is possibility in one that shows Japan where Long Island ought to be that map is human it makes a correct and proper map no better than a molly coddle there can be fine excitement in learning on the best of 14th century authority that there is no America and that India lies outside the pillars of Hercules the uncharted seas, the incognitova terra where lions are Ubi Leonis Erundt as the maps say, these must always stir us in my copy of Gulliver are maps of his discoveries Lilliput lies off the coast of Sumatra and must now be within sight of the passengers bound from London to Melbourne if only they had eyes to see it Brabding nag, would you believe it, is a hump on the west coast of America and cannot be far from San Francisco that gives one a start Swift, riding in 1725 with a world to choose from, selects the Californian coast as the most remote and unknown for the scene of his fantastical adventure it thrust 1725 into a grey antiquity and yet there are many buildings in England still standing that antedate 1725 by many years some by centuries Queen Elizabeth had been dead more than a hundred years Canterbury was almost as old and probably in worse repair than it is now when Frisco was still Brabding nag Can it be that the giant red trees and the tall bragging of the coast date from its heroic past? Story writers have nearly always been the foes of maps finding in them a kind of cramping of their mental legs and in consequence they have struck upon certain devices for getting off the map and away from its precise and restricting bigotry Davy fell asleep It was Davy, you remember, who grew drowsy one winter afternoon before the fire and sailed away with the goblin in his grandfather's clock Robinson Crusoe was driven off his bearings by stress of weather at sea this is a popular device for eluding the known world whenever in your novel you come on a sentence like this on the third night it came on to blow and that night and the three succeeding days and nights we ran close reefed before the tempest whenever you come on a sentence like that you may know that the author feels pinched and cramped by civilization and is going to regale you with some adventures of his uncharted imagination which are likely to be worth your attention then there was sentimental Tommy Do you remember how he came to find the enchanted street? it happened that there was a parade an endless row of policemen walking in single file all with the right leg in the air at the same time then the left leg seeing at once that they were after him Tommy ran, ran, ran until, in turning a corner he found himself wedged between two legs he was of just sufficient size to fill the aperture but after a momentary lock he squeezed through and they proved to be the gate into an enchanted land in that lies the whole philosophy of going without a map there is magic in the world then there are surprises you do not know what is ahead and you cannot tell what is about to happen you move in a proper twilight of events after that Tommy went looking for policemen's legs doubtless there were some details of the wizardry that he overlooked as never again could he come out on the enchanted street in quite the same fashion Alice had a different method she fell down a rabbit hole and thereby freed herself from some very irksome lessons and besides met several interesting people including a duchess Alice may be considered the very John Cabot of the rabbit hole before her time it was known only to rabbits, woodchucks, and dogs on holidays whose noses are muddy with poking but since her time all this has changed now it is known as the portal of adventure it is the escape from the plane of life into its third dimension children have the true understanding of maps they never yield slavishly to them they want a pirate's den they put it where it is handiest behind the couch in the sitting room just beyond the glimmer of firelight if they want an Indian village where is there a better place than in the black space under the stairs where it can be reached without great fatigue after supper farthest thul may be behind the asparagus bed the North Pole itself may be decorated by Annie on Monday afternoon with the week's wash from whatever house you hear a child's laugh if it be a real child and therefore a great poet you may know that from the garret window even as you pass Sinbad a drift on the Indian Ocean may be looking for a sail and that the forty thieves huddle daggers drawn in the coal hole then it is a fine thing for a child to run away to see well really not to see but down the street past gates and gates and gates until it comes to the edge of the known and sees a collie or some such terrible thing I myself have fine recollection of running away from a farmhouse maybe I did not get more than a hundred paces but I looked on some broad heavens saw a new mystery in the night shadows and just before I became afraid I had a taste of a new life to me it is strange that so few people go down rabbit holes we cannot be expected to find the same delight in squeezing our fat cells behind the couch of evenings nor can we hope to find that the Chinese mountains actually lie beyond our garden fence we cannot exactly run away either after one is twenty that takes on an ugly and vagrant look commendable as it may be on the early marches Prince Hal is always a more amiable spectacle than John Falstaff much as we love the night but there are men however few who although they are beyond forty retain in themselves a fine zest for adventure a man who I am proud to say is a friend of mine and who is a devil for work by which he is making himself known in the world goes of evenings into the most delightful true entry with his music and it isn't only music it is flowers and pictures and books of course he has an unusual brain and few men can hope to equal him he is like Disraeli in that respect who it is said could turn in a flash from the problem of financing the Suez Canal to the contemplation of the daffodils knotting along the fence but do the rest of us try? there are few men of business no matter with what singleness of purpose they have been installing their machinery and counting their nickels but will admit that this is but a small part of life they dream of rabbit holes but they will never go down one I had dinner recently with a man who by his honesty and perseverance has built up and maintained a large and successful business an orchestra was playing and when it finished the man told me that if he could write music like that we had heard he would devote himself to it well if he has enough desire in him for that speech he owes it to himself that he sound his own depths for the discoveries he may make it is doubtful if this quest would really lead him to write music God forbid it might however induce him to develop a latent appreciation until it became in him both a refreshment and a stimulus there are many places uncharted that are worth a visit Treasure Island is somewhere on the seas the still vexed Bermouths feel the wind of some southern ocean the coast of Bohemia lies on the furthest shore of Fairyland all of these wonderful like white towers in the mind but nearer home as near as the pirates den that we built as children within sight of our firelight should come the dreams and thoughts that set us free from sordidness that teach our minds versatility and sympathy that create for us hobbies and avocations of worth that rest and refresh us if we must be ocean liners all day plotting between known and monotonous ports at least we may be tramp ships at night cargoed with strange stuffs and trafficking for lonely and unvisited seas End of Chapter 4 Recording by Christine Layman Chapter 5 of Journeys to Bag Dead this is a LibriVox recording all LibriVox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit LibriVox.org Journeys to Bag Dead by Charles S. Brooks Chapter 5 Tunes for Spring cacoo jug jug pooee to Witte Wu spring the sweet spring if by any chance you have seen a man in a coat with sagging pockets and a cloth hat of the latest fashion but too a hat which I may say is precious to him old friends, old wine, old hats emerging from his house just short of noon do not lay his belated appearance to any disorder in his conduct certain neighbors at their windows as he passed raise their eyes in a manner if I mistake not of suspicion that a man should be so far trespassing on the day for nine o'clock should be the penny picker's latest departure for the vineyard thereafter the street belongs to the women except for such sprouting and unbright manhood as brings the groceries and the hardened villainy that fetches ice and with deep voices breaks the treble of the neighborhood but beyond these there are no men in sight save the pantalooned exception who mows the grass and the whir of his clicking knives sounds the prelude of the summer I'll say by way of no more than a parenthetical flick of notice that his eastern front conspicuous from the rear as he bends forward over his machine shows a patched and joined mullionry that is not unlike the tracery of some cathedrals rounded apse but I go too far in imagery plain speech is best I'll wave the gothic touch but observe this sluggard who issues from his door he knows he is suspected that the finger is uplifted and chin is wagging and so he takes on a smarter stride with a pretense of riskness to proclaim thereby the virtue of having risen early despite his belated appearance and what mighty business he has dispatched within the morning but you will get no clue as to whether he has been closeted with the law or whether he is domestic faction plumbers or others of their ilk if indeed plumbers really have any ilk and do not as I suspect stand unbothered like the humped Richard in the play or maybe some swirl of fancy blew upon him as he was spooning up his breakfast which he must set down in an essay before the matter cool or an epic may have thumped within him let us hope that his thoughts this cool spring morning have not been heeded to such bloody purpose that he has killed a score of men upon his page and that it is with the black gore of the ink pot on him that he has called for his boots to face the world you remember the fellow who kills him some six or seven dozens of scots at a breakfast washes his hands and says to his wife by upon this quiet life I want work such ferocity should not sully this fair may morning when there are sounds only of carpet beating the tingle of the man who is out to grind your knives and the recurrent melody of the connoisseur of rags and bottles who stands in his cart as he drives his lean and pointed horse at the cry of this perfumed brummel if you be not gone in years too far as often he prepares to shout the purpose of his quest you'll put a question to him hey there what do you feed your wife on and then his answer will come pat to your expectation paper rags paper rags if the persistence of youth be in you and the belief that a jesque becomes better with repetition like beans nine days cold within the pot you will shout your question until he turns the corner and his answer is lost in the noises of the street adieu adieu thy plaintive anthem fades to this day I think of a rag picker's wife is dining sparingly out of a bag not with her head inside like a horse but thrusting her scrawny arm elbow deep to stir the potage and sprinkling salt and pepper on for nicer flavor following such preparation she will fork it out like macaroni with her head thrown back to present the wider orifice if her husband's route lies along the richer streets she will have by way of tidbit for dessert a piece of chewy velvet sugared and buttered to a tenderness but what is this jingling racket that comes upon the street bless us it's a hurdy-gurdy the hurdy-gurdy I need hardly tell you belongs to the Oregon family this family is one of the very oldest and claims descent I believe from the god Pan however it accepted Christianity early and has sent many a son within the church to pipe divinity but the hurdy-gurdy a younger son wild and a bit of a pagan like its progenitor took to the streets in its life there it has acquired among much rascality certain charming vices that are beyond the capacity of its brother in the loft however much we may admire the deep rumble of his sabbath utterance the world has denied that Chanticleer proclaims the day but as far as I know no one has had the insolence to deny the street organ as the proper herald of the spring without it the seasons would halt though science lay me by the heels of the desert that the crocus which is a pioneer on the windy borderland of March would not show its head except on the sounding of the hurdy-gurdy I'll not deny that flowers pop up their heads afield without such call that the jack in the pulp it speaks its maiden sermon on some other beckoning of nature but in the city it is the hurdy-gurdy that gives notice of the turning of the seasons on its sudden blair I've seen the green stalk of the daffodil jiggle if the tune be of sufficient rattle and prolong to the giving of the third nickel before the end is reached there will be seen a touch of yellow whether this follows from the same cause as attracts the children to flatten their noses on the windows and calls them to the curb that they put their ears close upon the racket that no sweetest sound be lost is a deep question and not to be lightly answered in the sound there is promise of the days to come when circuses will be loosed upon the land and elephants will go patting by with eyes looking around for peanuts why this biggest of all beasts this creature that looms above you like a crustaceous dinosaur to use long words without squinting too closely on their meaning why this behemoth with the swishing trunk should eat peanuts contemptible peanuts lies so deep in nature that the mind turns dizzy it is small stuff to feed valor on a pennies worth of food in such a mighty hulk whatever the lion eats may turn to lion but the elephant strains the proverb he might swallow you instead reaches hat and suspenders if you be of the older school of dress before the belt came in and not so much as cough upon the buttons and there will be red and yellow wagons boarded up seductively as though they could show you if they would snakes and hyenas may be it is best you think such things lying in the seeds of time to lay aside a dime from the budget of the week for one can never be sure against the carelessness of parents and their jaded appetites but the hurdy-gurdy is the call to stern her business also I know an old lady who at the first tingle from the street will take off her glasses with a finality as though she were never to use them again for the light pleasure of reading but intended to fill the remainder of her days with deeper purpose there is a piece of two-legged villainy in her employ by the name of William and even before the changing of the tune she will have him rolling up the rugs for the spring cleaning there is a sour rhythm in the fellow and he will beat a pretty syncopation on them if the hurdy-gurdy will but stick to marching time it is said that he once broke the fabric of a curmanshaw in his zeal at some crescendo of the Robert E. Lee but he was lost upon the vaults and struck languidly and out of time but maybe reader in your youth you have heated a penny above a lamp and with treacherous smile you have come before an open window and when the son of Italy has grinned and beckoned for your bounty the penny being just short of a molten state you have thrown it to him he stoopes he feels you have learned by this how much more blessed it is to give than to receive or to dig deep in the riot of your youth you have leased a hurdy-gurdy for a dollar and with other devils of your kind gone forth to seek your fortune it's in noisier fashion than when Goldsmith played the flute through France for board and bed if you turned the handle slowly and fast by jerks you attained a rare temple that drew attention from even the most stalled windows but as music it was as not down the street it being now noon in the day Monday Mrs. Wise washing will be out to dry observe her gaunt replica cap a pie as immodest as an advertisement in her proper person she is prodigal if she on mask her beauty to the moon and in company with this is the woe and semblance of her plump husband neither of them is shaped for sportive tricks but look upon them when the music starts hand in hand upon the line as is proper for married folk heal and toe together one two and a one two three it is the hurdy-gurdy that calls to life such revelry the polka has come to its own again yet despite this evidence that the hurdy-gurdy sets the world to dancing like the fiddle in the Turkish tale where even the headsmen forgot his business despite such evidence there are persons who affect to despise its melody these claim such perceptivity of the outer ear and such fineness of the channels that the tune is but a clack when it gets inside God pity such I'll not write a word of them a spring day is at its best about noon I thrust this in the teeth of those who prefer the dawn or the coming on of night at noon there are more yellow wheels upon the street the hammering on sheds is at its loudest as the time for lunch comes near more grocers carts are rattling on their business there is a better chance that a load of green wheelbarrows may go by or a wagon of red rhubarb then to the air is so warm that even decrepitude fumbles on the porch and down the steps with a cane to poke the weeds if you look you may see a colored pusson pushing a white wash cart with altruistic intent toward all dusky surfaces except his own or maybe he has nice appreciation of what color contrasts he himself presents when the work is midway if he wear the faded memory of a silk hat it's the better picture but also the schools are out and the joy of life is hissing up a hundred years baseball has now a fierceness it lacks at the end of the day there is wild demand that shorty soaker home butterfingers is a harder insult and meanwhile a popcorn wagon will be whistling a blithe if monotonous tune in trial if there be pennies in the crowd or a waffle may be purchased if you be a creases ladled exclusively for you and dropped on the gridiron with us bladder it is a sweet reward after you have knocked a three-bagger and stolen home and is worth a search in all your 11 pockets for any last penny that may be sulking in the fuzz or perhaps there is such wealth upon your person that there is still a restless jingle in such case you will cross the street to a shop that ministers to the wants of youth in the window is displayed a box of marbles glassies companies and a larger brownie adapted to the purpose of plugging by reason of the violence with which it seems to respond to the impact of your thumb then there are baseballs of graded excellence and seduction and tops time is needed for the choosing of the top first you stand tiptoe with nose just above the glass and make your trial selection pay no attention to the color for that's the way a girl chooses black is good without womanish taint then you wiggle the peg for its tightness and demand whether it be screwed in like an honest top and finally before putting your money down you will squint upon its roundess then slam the door and yell your presence to the street or do you come on softer errand in the rear of the shop is a parlor with a base burner and virtuous models on the walls a cozy room with faces and here it is they serve cream puffs for safe transfer you balance the puff in your fingers and take an enveloping bite emerging with a prolonged suck for such particles as may not have come safely across and bending forward with stomach held in I'll leave you in this refreshment for if the money hold you will gobble until the ringing of the bell by this time as you may imagine the person with the sagging pockets whom I told you of has arrived in the center of the city where already he is practicing such device of penny picking as he may be master of end of chapter 5 chapter 6 of journeys to Baghdad this is a Libra Fox recording all Libra Fox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit Libra Fox dot org recording by D Bowens journeys to Baghdad by Charles S. Brooks respectfully submitted to a mournful air to anyone of several editors dear sir I paid a visit to your city several day sense and humor myself with ambitious thoughts and the contemplation of your editorial windows I was tempted to wrap at your door and request an audience but modesty held me off once by appointment I passed an hour in your office pleasantly and profitably and even so tardily do I acknowledge your courtesy and good nature but a beggar must choose the streets carefully and must not be seen too often in the neighborhood as the same door does not always offer pie so this time your brass knocker shows no finger marks of mine you did not accept for publication the last paper I sent to you you spread an infinite deal of sorrow in your path on its return I re-read it and now confessed to concurrence with your judgment something had gone wrong it was not as intended unlike Cleopatra age had withered it was I not like a cook whose dinner has been sent back untasted the best available ingredients were put into that confection and if it did not issue from the oven with those savory whiffs that can pale appetite my stove is at fault perhaps some good old literary housewife will tell me does consul in among my pots and pans how long an idea must be boiled to be tender and how best to garnish a thought to editors taste and yet sir your manners are excellent it was patricio who cried what's this mutton just burnt and so is all the meat where is the rascal cook manners have improved in pleasant contrast is your courteous note signifying the excellence of my proffered pastry your delight that you are allowed to sniff in your regret for lack of appetite and abdominal capacity nevertheless the food came back and I poked at the broken pieces mournfully it is a witch's business presiding at the cauldron of these things and there is no magic potage above my fire and yet kind sir with your permission I shall continue in my ways and offer to you from time to time such messes as I have hoping that someday your taste will deteriorate to my level or that I shall myself learn the witchcraft and enter your regard up to this present time only a few of my papers have been asked to stay the rest have gone the downward tread of your stair carpet and have passed into the night my desk has become a kind of mausoleum of such as have come home to die and when I raise its lid a silence falls on me as on one who visits sacred places there is however another side of this certain it is that thousands of us who write seek your recognition and regard certain it is that your favorable judgment moves us to elation and your silence to our merits urges us to harder endeavors but for all this dear sir and despite your continued neglect we are a tolerably happy crew it may be that our best things were never published best because we enjoyed the most because they recall the happiest hours in the finest moods they bring most freshly to our memories the influences of books and friends and the circumstances under which they were written it is because we lack the skill to tame our sensations to our uses the patience to do well what we wish to do fast that you rightly judge them unavailable we do not feel rebellious and we admit that you are right only we do not care as much as we did for most of us are learning to write for the love of writing and without an eye on the metal with no livelihood depending with no compulsion of hours of subject under the free anonymity of sure rejection we have worked it has been a fine world these hours of study and reflection and when we assert that one essay is our best we are right for it has led us to happiness and pleasant thoughts into an interpretation of ourselves and the world that moves about us and these best mood of ours we live and think beyond our normal powers and even come to a distant kinship with men far greater than ourselves knowing this prudence only keeps us from snapping our fingers at you and marking each paper as we finish it rejected without the formality of a trip to you and then happily beginning the next we are learning to be amateurs and although our name shall never be shouted from the house tops we shall be almost as content still with there be the morning hours of study with sunlight across the floor the winding country roads of autumn with smells of corn stacks and burden vineyards the farlet hours of evening still shall we write in our gardens of a summer afternoon or change the winter snowstorm that drives against our windows and to the coinage of our thoughts we shall be independent and thinking right as we please and although we enclose stamps for a mournful recessional please know dear sir that even as you dictate your polite note of refusal we are hard at it with another paper end of chapter six chapter seven of journeys to Baghdad this is a LibriVox recording all LibriVox recordings are in the public domain for more information or to volunteer please visit LibriVox.org recording by Gordon S. Jones Draper Utah journeys to Baghdad by Charles S. Brooks the chilly presence of hard headed persons it is a rash business scuttling your own ship now as I am in a way a practical person which is I take it a diminutive state of hard headedness any detraction against hard headedness must appear as leveled against myself gimlet in hand deep down amid ships it would look as if I were squatted and set on my own destruction but by hard headed persons I mean those beyond the ordinary those so far gone that a pinprick through the skull would yield not so much as a drop of ooze persons whose brain convolutions did they appear in fright at the aperture on the insertion of the pin like a head at a window when there is a fire on the street would betray themselves as but a kind of cordage such hard headedness you will admit is of a tougher substance and that which may beset any of us on an occasion at the price of meat or on the recurrent obligations of the two constant moon I am reasonably free from colds do not fret myself into a congestion if a breath comes at me from an open window or if a swirl of wind puts its cold fingers down my neck do I lift my collar yet the presence of a thoroughly hard headed person provokes a sneeze there is a chilly vapor off him a swampish miasma that puts me in a snuffling state beyond poultice and mustard foot paths no matter how I huddle to the fire my thoughts will congeal on my purpose cramp and stiffen my conceit too will be but a shriveled bladder several years ago I knew a man of extreme hard headedness as I recall I was afflicted at the time indeed the melody co-existed with his acquaintance with a sorry Qatar of the nasal passages I can remember still the clearings and snufflings that obtruded in my conversation for two winters my complaint was beyond the cunning of the doctors despite local applications and such pills as they thought fit to administer still did the snuffling continue then on a sudden my friend left town consequent to which and to the amazement of the profession the springs of my disease dried up as this happened at the beginning of the warm days of summer I am loath to lay my cure entirely to his withdrawal yet there was a nice joint tree of time my acquaintance thereafter dropped to an infrequent statistical letter against which I have in time proofed myself but the Qatar has ceased except when some faint thought echoes from the past at which again as in the older days I am forced to blow a passage in the channel for verbal navigation this man's interest in life was oil it oozed from the ventures of his talk if he looked on the map of this fair world mountains like caterpillars dozing on the page for so do maps present themselves to my fancy he would see merely the blueprint and huge specification of oil production and consumption the dotted cities would suggest no more than agencies in its distribution and they would be pegged in many colors as is the custom of our business efficiency by way of base symbolism of their rank and pretense the wide oceans themselves would be merely courses for his tank ships to bustle on and leave a greasy trail really contrary to my own experience and sudden cure one might think that such an oleaginous stream of talk if directed in atomizer fashion against the nostrils of the listener would serve as a healing emulsion for the complaint I then suffered with be these things as they may what I can actually vouch for is that when this fellow had set himself and opened a volley of facts on me I was shamed to silence there was a spaciousness a planetary sweep and glittering breath that shriveled me the commodity which I dispensed was but used around the corner with a key turned upon it at the shadowy end of day against its intrusion on the night but his oil all day long and all night too was swishing in its tanks and coursed to Zanzibar and all the fretted activity of the earth was tributary to his purpose how like an untrimmed smoky night candle did my ambition burn if I chance to think in thousands it was a strain upon me my cerebrum must have throbbed itself to pieces upon the addition of another cypher but he marshaled his legions and led them up and down until it dazed me I was no better than some cobbler with a fiddle crooked an intent to the twanging of his E string while the great Napoleon thundered by the secret channels of the earth and the fullness thereof made a joyful gurgle in his thoughts and if he ever wandered in the country and ever saw a primrose on the river's brim which I consider unlikely his attention being engaged at the moment on figuring the cost of oil barrels with special consideration for the price of bungs if this man ever did see a primrose would it have been a yellow primrose to him and nothing more bless your dear eyes it would have been a compound of byproducts paraffin, wax candles cup grease, lamp wax bees wax and peppermint drops not to mention its proper distillation into such rare odors as might be sold at so much a bottle to jobbers and a set price at retail with best legal talent to avoid the Sherman act this man has lived deeply and rises at the thought in many of the capitals of Europe for six months at a time he has walked around one end of the Louvre on his way home at night without once putting his head inside indeed it is probable he hasn't noticed a building or if he has thinks it is an arsenal now in all humility and unbuttoned as it were for a spanking by whomsoever shall wish to give it I must confess that I myself have no great love for the Louvre but as an endurance test for tired tourists a kind of blow in the nozzle and watch the dial mount up contrivance as at a county fair and so I am not sure but that the band playing in the gardens is a better amusement for a bright afternoon and that a nurse made in uniform with her children bare-legged tauts with fingers in the sand and that such sight is more worthy of respect than a dead duchess painted on the wall it is but a ritualistic innocence I have paid the gods inside my finer reverence has been for benches in the sun and the vagabondage of a bus top if ever my friend gets to heaven it will be but another point for exportation how closely he will listen for any squeaking of the pearly gates with a nostrum ready for their dry complaint when he is once through and safe the other pilgrim still coming up the hill for heaven I am sure will be set on some windswept ridge with purple distance in the valleys how he will put his ear against the hinge for nice diagnosis as to the weight of the oil that will give best result how he will wink upon the gateman that he write his order large reader I have sent you off upon a wrong direction I have twisted the wooden finger at the crossroads the man of oil does not exist he is a piece of fiction with which to point a moral big iron or cotton cloth served as well anything in fact were on by too close squinting one may blunt his sight we have all observed a growing tendency in many persons to put as it were electric lights in all the corners and attics of their brains until it is too much a rarity to find anyone who will admit a twilight in his whole establishment this is carrying mental housekeeping too far I will confess that I prefer a light at the foot of the back stairs where the steps are narrow at the turn for any is precious to us I will confess also that it is well to have a switch in the kitchen to throw light in the basement on the chance that the wood box may get empty before the evening has spent itself there is comfort too in not being forced to go darkling to bed like child rolling to the tower but to put out the light from the floor above but we are carrying this business too far in mental concerns here is properly a place for a rare twilight it is not well that a man should always flare himself like a lighted ballroom much of our best mental stuff if you exclude the harsher grindings of our business hours fades into course of light does a brocade that for best preservation must not be hung always in the sun there must be regions in you unguessed at cornered and shadowy places recesses to be shown at people finger width yielding only to the knock of fancy dim sequesterings tucked obscurely from the noises of the world where one must be taken by the hand and lead dusky closets beyond the common use it is in such places your finger on your lips and your feet a tiptoe on the stairs that you will hide away from baser uses the stowage of moonlight stuff and such other gaseous and delightful foolery as may lie in your inheritance End of chapter 7

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Procrastination and Poor Focus Explained

I’m not focused enough? Help me! Reader question: These past few months, I have been completely lacking in focus. Daily goals and things I need to take care of are slipping on me. I do a little, but I’m not feeling fully engaged and driven as I have been before. It’s frustrating because I know I can be driven, but I’m not feeling it now. I need to be more focused. What am I doing wrong and how can I get my focus back? - You’re right, focus is important. - The problem is, you are focused, but on entirely the wrong thing! - Focused is in the good room and lacking focus is in the good room. - It’s ‘focused’ that needs to be questioned. - You’re focus should always be on who you are. - You are focused when you are focused on yourself, your brilliance. - You are phenomenal, talented, naturally successful, worthy, brilliant… - Keep focusing here and see what happens to your worldly goals! For Online Coaching/Counselling, visit https://www.drdavidmaloney.com Thanks for watching. If you enjoy my content, remember to like and subscribe for more. Here's the link: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCJ7PZaSv1V6yJbj5y35jp_g Dr. David Maloney is a Psychologist and a therapist/counselor. His has trained in a variety of techniques (person-centered, Gestalt, ACIM, psychodynamic) and works with people on a wide variety of issues. His main areas of expertise are in self-esteem, motivation, self-actualization, spirituality, relationships, overcoming procrastination, and living authentically. If you feel like you're are holding yourself back in life, or just need someone to talk things through with, his online coaching service might be perfect for you. From your own home, you can work with a highly trained and experienced therapist.

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As long as you believe in yourself, right, and you start to question all the old limiting programming and conditioning about yourself, bang, straight up there. So stay with me guys, we have a question on procrastination, and this is a great one. This is so good. I can't wait to share this with you, because huge, huge breakthrough here. And this person's question, I think is going to help a lot of people. Now we're just going to dive in and we're going to break down what the problem is. We're looking for a breakthrough to get in touch with that natural flow that we, we all have felt before and we all crave, we want to be there, which is the way we should feel. So let's see what this person's going through and let's see if we can try and answer the question that they have. It says, it's about procrastination, it says, these past few months, I have been completely lacking in focus. Daily goals and things I need to take care of are slipping on me. I do a little, but I'm not feeling fully engaged and driven as I have been before. It's frustrating because I know I can be driven, but I'm not feeling it right now. I need to be more focused. What am I doing wrong and how can I get my focus back? Okay. Now, have you ever felt like that? Maybe you felt sometimes you're lacking in focus and you would like to be more focused, more goal oriented. And you know, what's that feeling of drifting by and that uncomfortable feeling like, I know I can do more, but for some reason I'm just not highly motivated enough to do it. Now I have the whiteboard here and we're going to break this down. Let's see because this person says they are lacking focus and the truth is they are lacking focus. They are really big time lacking focus. There's a big problem here, but the solution to it is very, very easily fixed. Now, let me put this down because we're going to get into this now. There are levels to this. We're talking about mindset here and if we can understand it, it can be a huge, huge help. Now where this person is, excuse my paper here, I'm going to get a new one soon, but what we have, let me see if you can see this. There are sort of like three levels to mindset. This is the first level. Hopefully you can see that. And this is the second level. This will make sense soon. And I might need a new pen, but we'll see. And this is up here. At the top we have the highest level, which is just one. Now, so you can see that there. Now this is where this person currently is. Now this you could call, we're trying to find out here what is the truth and what is not the truth. Why is this person lacking focus? And it's all to do with how they're thinking. Such a subtle way to fall for this issue. It's very easy for us to feel like this because we feel like it sometimes we all drift into that thing of, I wish I was more focused, I'm lacking focus. Why is it happening? This is a super quick way to get out of it. This is what we do. And this level here is, this is our ego. All of this here is ego. Now what our ego does is it has a very sneaky game. It wants us to think that everything in here is ego. So if we're going to transcend our ego and get the truth, truth by the way is here, this is truth. We all want to get here. But this one up here is the highest level. This is when you are in that completely without even thinking about things. This is what you could call their flow state. You don't even think at this level. Everything just comes naturally and easy. You don't have to think about it. You're just doing things. Everything's working. You're feeling engaged. You're feeling motivated. This is where we want to get. There's no thinking here. You're just doing. You're just being beautiful. We want to get there. Now in order for us to get there we have to go through this level. This is where we normally are. This is where we are 97% of the time believe it or not which is why so many of us struggle in life. We want to get here to where 2.5%. Now there's not a small percentage here that aren't even here. They live up here all the time. Now that would be great to get there. But what we need to do is we're down here and everyone wants to jump straight to here. There's a process you have to go through and it's this level here. You have to find out what's true and what's false. Now this is false. Now this is here. This is also your ego. This is not your ego. I know I'm going all over the place with this. If you bear with me this will make sense specifically to this issue. Now your ego cannot stand being at this level of consciousness because you're bringing it to the truth. Now that's what we all have to do. What our ego does up here is it tries to make you think that you're at this level. You're actually searching for the truth. When really you're at this level we'll never find truth. The truth by ourselves. The truth about what's important in life. So our ego does two things. It sets up its own version of true and false. And it actually calls them good and bad. Now let's use this example of this person. What's the good thing that this person is after? They are after focus. Okay hopefully we can see that. They've put being highly focused and driven and motivated in the good room and they've put non-focused, okay, non-focused in the bad room and they're thinking that well as long as I'm going towards this in the good room that's very good and I'm disowning this part, okay, I'm making a choice. We're here in the middle, right? And we think that we're making a choice if we're going and choosing that one there, okay. This is you in the middle. Always choosing between what's good and what's bad. Now what you'll find then is that we tend to focus on this stuff here, the non-focused. Why am I non-focused all the time? Okay, so we think we're bringing this to the truth. When really we should be actually worried about this, okay. This is the good sounding ego. I need to be focused all the time. I need to be focused on my goals. I need to be focused on external things. So we bring up here. Actually we bring up non-focused. What I'm suggesting you do is forget all of this, forget suggesting that being focused is good and non-focused is bad. And I think you should start to question this, the whole idea of being focused. Because what are you focusing on? You're focusing on external goals, okay. You're focusing and you're saying in the thing I'm not focused and the truth is you're not focused. You're not focused on what's right, which is the truth, which is what's important. And what is important? Myself. Who am I? This is bringing it back to the truth. Now, if you remember who you are, focusing on external things is secondary. You have been tricked into focusing on being focused as good, not being focused as bad on goals, activities, external things in the world, achieving things. Where is your self-evaluation in all of this? It's going on in the background and it's not being focused on, so the ego is taking it over basically. That's the default for conditioning. It's to judge ourselves as not being good enough, unfortunately. So what you need to do is focus the whole idea of being focused on external things. Bring it to the truth. Irrelevant is what I will tell you. This, by the way up here, is your decision maker here. This is real choice. Down here there's no choice at all. If you're focusing on being focused and not being focused, you think this is better than that. It's all irrelevant. Nothing at this level of consciousness matters. This level is actually asking the right questions, bringing them to the truth, the fundamental questions about who you are as a person. So what I would say is stop focusing on being focused and start to question who am I. Now you could say, if you're bringing it to here, you're saying, yes I am focused and now I'm focused on the right thing. Who am I? Who am I as a valuable human being? Focusing on everything about myself that's true, which is I'm a brilliant human being. I'm capable of doing anything I want. I have inherent value. I am capable of being successful. Nothing can stop me. I can keep going. This is focusing on myself, my self-image. When you start to focus on the truth here, bang, you go up here into the flow state. The flow state is up here as I drop my pen for the second time. So what you want to do is just bring everything to the truth. Forget the ego. How you know that you're in a false dichotomy of choice on this level of ego is that you're not feeling good. You think and you've been trying to figure this out. Why am I not focused? I hate this. I love this. Why aren't I more like this? I'm not feeling good. Bring your assumptions, question them. Bring them to the truth. And the truth will remind you this is pointless. You're on the wrong track. Focus on what's important, which is myself. I am what's important. As long as you believe in yourself and you start to question all the old limiting programming and conditioning about yourself, bang, straight up there. The reason I went through these levels here is I'm going to do these levels with loads of questions for loads of different people because this is what's going on for everybody. We're all at this level of consciousness wondering why we're not here when really what we have to do is go through a level of inquiry. And if we do that, there is nothing that will hold us back. I promise you that this is like everyone up at this level is like Eckhart Tolle, you know, or really great. It's not even spiritual thing. It's like amazing sports stars, people in business are in this flow state of no thinking just doing just being we all want to get to this level, but none of us want to go through this level. Now this level is more like Byron Cady, which is inquiry questioning everything. And this is the work for most of us, right? But it's so easy to learn and it's so good when you find out that this actually works. Okay, this works. This can actually get me to where I am without all the figuring out and struggling down at this level of consciousness. Einstein said, you can't find a solution to the problem at the same level of consciousness. The problem was created. Now I'm paraphrasing, but you have to leave the level of consciousness if you have a problem and bring it up to something completely different. Okay, I'm completely in the wrong ballpark. I need to think of something completely different. Fundamentally, who am I? Who am I? Just to remind yourself of that. Am I a weak, vulnerable person? Or am I very, very powerful? Am I infinitely capable of infinite potential? And that will remind you, okay, that's okay. And now I remember who I am. And now all these things on the ego level, the worldly level, just start to flow to us naturally. Okay, so yes, to answer your question, you were lacking focus. You were focused on external things way, way too much. It's not that you were focused on them, not enough. You weren't focused on who you are. When you bring it back to your own self image, correcting that, everything starts to flow naturally. And don't feel bad because you were lacking focus on that. We put that off, we procrastinate on that hugely. We procrastinate on doing this, bringing things to the truth, because we're terrified that we might not be good enough. We are good enough. You are good enough. If you're watching this, I can promise you that. And you will find out the truth is that you're good enough. So guys, I'm going to leave it there. More of these videos on the way, Byron Katie's process. I haven't really gone into it here, but that's kind of what this is based on, bringing things to the truth and doing the inquiry. If you have a question for me, you would like to go through this. Or if you would like to work with me or take one of my video courses, you can go to DrDavidMurray.com or you can email me at David at DrDavidMurray.com and I will get back to you as soon as possible. Hope you enjoyed the video and I'll talk to you soon.

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Should We be Worried About Indian Economy?

India is currently witnessing a four-decade high in its unemployment rate. This, combined with a virtually stagnant industrial growth rate, a fairly low GDP growth rate, and various other factors clearly indicate that the Indian economy is undergoing a major crisis. Politicians and leaders, however, would have you believe otherwise. In this interview, eminent economist Prabhat Patnaik and NewsClick's Editor-in-Chief Prabir Purkayastha discuss the state of the Indian economy today and the many factors that are contributing to its downfall.

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Hello and welcome to NewsClick. Today, we are going to discuss the state of the Indian economy and the fact that now people have started to say, don't panic, the things are not so bad. The question is, are things really bad? Whether we panic or we don't, do we have any cause for it? To discuss this, we have with us Professor Prabhat Patnaik. Prabhat, how do you read what people are now talking about the panic scenario? What is really happening to the Indian economy? We seem to see what are real indicators of a downturn. Well, you see to start with unemployment rate is higher today than it has been over the last 45 years. 45 years ago was the first oil price hike and that oil price hike coincided with a bad harvest and that was a very bad year. So you had an oil shock with the bad harvest. So you had a 30% inflation. So it was an inflationary recession and there was unemployment. But this unemployment is something which is really a part of the system. It is not a shock from outside. It's a part of the functioning of the system and the fact that you're having such high levels of unemployment is one indicator. The other is that this unemployment is increasing. We know several sectors in which people are being retrenched. Automobile is obvious one that people keep talking about and then you find that even for a number of consumer goods the demand has not been high. Industrial production is virtually stagnant and what is more now we know even from what the former chief economic advisor said that even the GDP figures have been grossly overestimated. So if you have a GDP growth rate of not more than 4.5% over the last several years, if you have an industrial growth rate that's virtually very, very low and you have extremely high unemployment, that is all indicative of a very serious crisis in the economy. There are two other issues that have been raised in this context. One is that we are not seeing inflation taking place. So that is one thing which could help at least the government that inflation creates immediate unrest. Other is also that the informal sector which is not so visible in the statistics as it were, that has also suffered real slowdown or a loss and the factor of course the real estate sector is in doldrums. Also means a part of the informal sector construction activities are not at the moment taking place. So how do you see these two factors as well? Well, let me just take the second question first. Construction was one of the sectors that did provide a lot of employment. So when construction sector declines then that actually adds very seriously to the unemployment scenario and that's extremely serious. Taking the first question, you see the point is that this is therefore a very classic case of demand shortage. In other words, typically what happened in the old days, what used to happen is that you would have, by old days, I mean pre-liberalization days, you used to have let's say a crop failure. Food prices would rise. Therefore the government would cut back on its expenditures on the level of demand. So you will have inflation in the food market coexisting with a recession and unemployment as a way of counteracting that inflationary process. But here what you have is a very classic case of overproduction. That agricultural stocks are there, industrial unutilized capacity is there, unemployment is there and all of it because you have insufficient demand in the economy. So this is a classic demand driven scenario. And this is unusual for the Indian economy to have this kind of slow down which is essentially lack of demand. You see this is something which is typical of a capitalist economy. It was not typical of the pre-liberalization Indian economy because a pre-liberalization Indian economy was not a typical capitalist economy. There's a lot of state demand created by infrastructure and other projects. And you know it was agriculture constrained. It was not a demand constrained system. But now with liberalization India has become, in terms of its modus operandi, much closer to a classical capitalist economy. And classical capitalist economy is always demand constrained. That demand constrained has now become much more intensified. You know the other part of it which we can talk about is that government earlier massaged the statistics. It did not let before the elections the unemployment figures come out. It what the former economic advisor now says massaged the GDP figures to make it look much better than it actually was. Do you think that this sort of myth making as it were is now failing and it's impossible to hide what the real state of the economy is? You know that's one of the points about economics. I mean you know you can actually let's say on Pulwama or Balakot you can say something and that is very difficult to contradict it. But on the other hand on the economy it becomes very difficult to actually say something which cannot be contradicted because things are visible. They affect your lives in a very palpable way. You can't hide it behind anything. So I think the very fact that the government massaged the data is now becoming apparent. The very fact that the chief economic advisor former said it is indicative of your inability to hide certain things. And now other than the die hard government defenders, almost everybody recognizes that the data are not worse than the paper they are written on. You know you talked about Pulwama and Balakot. I will also refer to another part of it. The Indian past. You can create a mythology about the past. It's difficult to keep a mythology about the present. And that's something that we are seeing. Do you see also that earlier there were international reasons oil price shock and other things. Do you think an external environment is also contributing to the crisis or it can intensify given the kind of say interest rates of the United States or other such issues the trade war that is taking place. Yes. You know I think obviously this crisis is linked to a global crisis. I'm not saying it's only because of a global crisis. But on the other hand the two are clearly related. The global crisis is one of insufficient demand and that has arisen because of a massive shift in income distribution from the working people to the big capitalists including the finance including the financiers. Now any such shift tends to reduce demand because consumption of the working people is much greater out of a rupee and consumption of the capitalists or the rich. So there is a global tendency towards stagnation anyway. This has been there for a long time but it was hidden in the 1990s because of the dot com bubble. It was hidden this century up to 2008 because of the housing bubble. With the collapse of that bubble you have actually had more or less a steady low level of activity and high level of unemployment. This gets hidden in America because there is a reduction in the labor force participation rate and you know because of the discouraged worker effect. If you're unemployed you don't even register yourself as looking for work and therefore the unemployment rate is low but actually there is a lot of unemployment. Now so this has been generally there, a kind of stagnation in the world economy post 2008. Now that stagnation is turning into a recession. This is a global phenomenon and to that our economy is linked and that's actually also happening in our case because of the fact that global demand for our goods is also going down. And services. And yeah goods and services and because of that you have a reduced level of activity here. But I think additionally the same kind of factors which are playing a role in the world economy are also important here. There has been a massive increase in income inequality. At the same time the agricultural sector has been virtually stagnant in real terms if you take the value added in agriculture agriculture and deflate it by the consumer price index number for rural India then per capital real agricultural output has actually marginally declined between 2013 and now. So agriculture is stagnant. There is no possibility of demand coming from there. Income distribution has become extremely uneven, unequal and for all these reasons there is really a compression of demand that is taking place in the economy. Now to some extent here again you had kind of bubbles and such like things but today you know I mean kind of splurges luxury consumption. But how long can that be sustained? And as a result now all these factors are coming together and you have this crisis. The Indian government seems to be looking at external capital flows and Indian capitalist. I think Modi has said we should think that the wealthy are the ones who creates the wealth of the nation not its people. So leaving those things out do you see anything in the government which goes beyond shall we say lip service to the economy and service to the rich? Yes I think you are absolutely right but I think the government's understanding of the crisis is wrong because their understanding of the crisis is that the capitalists are not investing. If the capitalists are induced to invest then of course there would be demand and the economy would grow. Now the capitalists don't invest unless there is an expected growth of demand. They invest in anticipation of making profits and only if therefore they expect the demand is going to grow. Now no amount of interest rate reduction is going to make the capitalists invest. No amount of tax concession is going to make them invest if it is the case that in the economy demand is not growing and therefore what is really required is an injection of demand into the economy and for that you really need an active government policy. An active government policy which directly creates demand and which also transfers purchasing power to the hands of the ordinary people and that is something this government is not willing to do. It's anathema. They will call it the dreaded socialism or they will call it the dreaded Nehru vyanbar and as you know Nehru is to be shunned even from probably the Jwaharlal Nehru University's name. So that's been some of the demands being raised. Thank you Pramod for being with us and explaining to us what the problems are and what could a possible policy be to combat it. Thank you very much. Hope to see you again on this and other issues. This is all the time we have for NewsClick today. Do keep watching NewsClick and do visit our website.

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MELT COSMETICS AMOR Y MARIPOSAS COLLECTION

MELT COSMETICS AMOR & MARIPOSAS COLLECTION // S O C I A L S 💄 Instragram || instagram.com/morganturnermakeup/ Facebook || facebook.com/MorganTurnerMakeup/ Twitter || twitter.com/mturnermakeup Business || morganturner@dulcedo.com //SHOP HERE Melt Cosmetics Amor Y Mariposas Collection https://www.meltcosmetics.com/collections/amor-y-mariposas-1 //WHAT I'M WEARING ELF Bite Size Brow Palette https://go.magik.ly/ml/1bbt3/ Nudestix Brow Boost Gel https://shop-links.co/cf0w4tfB2JU Bobbi Brown Vitamin Enriched Face Base https://shop-links.co/cf0w0xX7GvG Bare Minerals Liquid Mineral Foundation (Light Beige) https://shop-links.co/cf0w1c0zWFZ Bare Minerals Liquid Mineral Concealer (Light 2N) https://shop-links.co/cf0w2JdgvOH Bare minerals Original Mineral Veil (Sheer Light) https://shop-links.co/cf0w3rXXeEp Bare Minerals Bronzer (Faux Tan) https://shop-links.co/cf0w5BmAk0N Melt Cosmetics Monarca Blush Palette https://shop-links.co/cf0w7DZCyjn Kaleidos Tone Activator Eye Primer https://www.kaleidosmakeup.com/products/tone-activator-eye-primer Melt Cosmetics Amor Y Mariposas Palette https://shop-links.co/cf0w8UV9F9m Melt Cosmetics Gel Liner (Colibri) https://shop-links.co/cf0w9HRBCdE Natasha Denona Macro Blade Liquid Liner https://shop-links.co/cf0xaaa0Iwr Blaq Label Lashes (Brazen) https://blaqlabel.us/product/brazen-2/ Melt Cosmetics Familia Lip Liner https://shop-links.co/cf0zkPLvE1O Melt Cosmetics Recuerdos Lipstick https://shop-links.co/cf0zlb4f7Kx Silk Blouse With Metal Chain: https://me.lilysilk.com/3pp8wfu #meltcosmetics @meltcosmetics_official // BUYING LINKS & CODES 🛒 Muse Beauty Pro (Viseart fav) || musebeauty.pro?aff=19 Rephr Brushes || rephr.com/?vr=dfseea CODE "morganturner" 10% off Odens Eye! CODE "morgan10" 10% off at bkbeauty (unaffiliated) *Some of the links above are affiliate links. I do receive a small commission with NO extra cost. All earnings go back into improving the content on my channel. However, feel no pressure to use them. 🤗 I use MagicLinks for all my ready-to-shop product links. Check it out here || magiclinks.org/rewards/referral/morganturn/ // TIMESTAMPS 0:00 Intro & Collection Details 3:16 Eyeshadow Palette 13:03 Gel Liners 16:06 Blush Palette 19:51 Lip Products 24:26 Final Thoughts // T A G S 🏷 Morgan Turner Makeup, Eyeshadow Palette, Beauty, How-To, Glam, Luxury Makeup, Professional Palette, New Palette Launches, Makeup Releases, Makeup Tutorial, Best Makeup Tips, 2020, 2021, 2022. (If you have any comments or suggestions, please feel free to let me know down below. Thank you so much for all your support! 🙏🏼🙌🏼💕)

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Hey guys, what is up? Welcome to my channel. For today's video, I am pumped because I'm going to be reviewing the entire Melt Cosmetics Amor Imeriposa collection. Now it is a large collection. We got the whole PR box here in front of me. This is our first impressions. I haven't tried anything yet, so rest assured, I will have an updates video up with this collection featured in it as well. But if you want to ride along with me on these first impressions and just keep watching. So some deets on the collection. This is currently available on the Melt Cosmetics website and it will be available on Sephora on the 24th of this month. I have the PR box. I don't know what I did to deserve this, but Melt Cosmetics actually DM'd me and asked if I wanted the collection and I was like, heck yeah. I actually was going to purchase the palette to review, but the entire collection, I'm not going to lie. It was a little overwhelming to me. So I was like, let me just get the palette, stick with what I'm comfortable with, but I am so thankful to the Melt Cosmetics team for reaching out to me to send this amazing PR box to me, which she's expensive and I'm going to be honest, I must not have watched my previous videos because I do think Melt Cosmetics palettes are quite inconsistent, but I've never tried anything other than their palette. So that'll be fun today to play with. Yeah, really pumped. So like I said, they did send me the PR box and you can pick up the PR box that I have if you would like, but she is $425. It's quite exquisite. Have a quick video up here showing you how amazing it is, but I'm going to try and break down each of the products and kind of tell you what's worth and what's not, so you don't have to spend $425. I mean, if you have somebody that you love in your life that loves makeup, this potentially could be a great Christmas present. So the entirety of the collection is going to consist of a seven-piece brush set. You can also get a mirror. There are three lip liners, three gel liners, five lipsticks, a six-pan blush palette, and then a first of its kind in terms of size, a 20-pan eyeshadow palette. So just really quickly, we have the Amor Emeritus Process mirror, which is $19. It feels kind of heavy. I mean, personally, I probably wouldn't spend $19 on this, but that's cute. Then we have the brush set, which is what I am going to be using today to apply my shadows. So they have this really cute kind of charm in the middle. This brush set is $109. So she's not cheap. I don't necessarily think it's worth $109 for some other brush sets that you can get at this price point, but I will admit the shapes really, really nice and they feel quite soft. So I'm not knocking it yet because I do think it's expensive, but they do feel nice. We have two face brushes in here and then some interesting shapes for eyes. So I'm excited to test these out today. So those are kind of the accessories. Let's take a look into the eyeshadow palette. This is what I was most pumped about and I will have timestamps to where I cover each type of product individually if you are only interested in certain products, but this is the obviously Amore e Maripostas eyeshadow palette. So this is $70 on its own. Please be aware that this is a pressed pigment palette. This has a 12 month life span and is made in Italy. Comes in really gorgeous golden packaging. The inside is lined with red velvet. This isn't just a red inside. It's velvet. Okay. Wow. The detail and then here is the packaging very artistic here and then the back also has some butterflies running along there and then tada we have the gorgeous palette. So I wouldn't say I was initially super in love with this color story just because it's not the kind of color story that typically I would go for, but I was excited for it nonetheless because I do think it's an interesting array of colors and I do like the way that the palette is actually laid out because it's very kind of clear and concise, which I do think makes it easy for you to create a look because a palette that does contain this many color stories maybe can get confusing but the way that they laid it out, it just makes sense and I was really excited for this palette because they've never come out with a palette this big. I will admit the pans were smaller than I thought they were going to be. They're about the size a little bit smaller than a quarter, but I did expect the pan sizes to be a bit bigger, but I'm not mad. I'd rather have smaller shades with more colors in a palette. So I'm really excited about the layout of this palette. The close look you can see each shade is embossed with a butterfly. Absolutely gorgeous and the palette itself feels quite sturdy, very heavy. So without further ado, let's get into the swatches, shall we? We have a lot of colors to swatch. So bear with me. I probably should try and pronounce these. I've been working on my Spanish pronunciation. If you don't know my husband is Spanish. So we have Cielito Lindo, Carina. I think I said that wrong. Carina, Carina, I don't know. Sentimientos. Okay. I have no clue how to pronounce this. Mitchell icon. Okay. Put that it. Okay. So here's the first four swatches. Ooh, the green, blue row. Let's see. I did put my finger in quite light. So that's why they're a little bit sheerer. I will try to press harder for the next row. It's watched. Okay. Not bad. Troubles really hard words to pronounce. Guamochil. Guam. Okay. This is a hard one to pronounce. Okay. Mensaje tequila. I can pronounce that. Te adoro. Te adoro. I'm trying y'all. Ooh, that's watched really, really nice. We have, we're going into the warmer kind of orangey reddish row. They feel pretty nice, but we won't really know until we get to application. We have Senales, Mesquite, Maria, Mariposa. Ooh, that's watched stunning. Ooh, this row, it's watched amazing. Abuelita, Abrosas, Nueva Vida y Charro. Charro, Charro. Ooh, that red. Oh my geez. Okay, we're getting into the row that you know I'm excited about. Nube, Monjada, Sagrado y Perla. Wow. Okay, these are all 20 shades. I'm going to lie, they all watch really, really nice, but obviously the truth is going to be in application, but very happy with this so far. Okay, so here's the look. Probably not my best work, but this palette did push me out of my comfort zone and I'm really happy about that. So I did find that with the brush set, I feel like because I'm doing such a detailed look, the set didn't have all of the brushes that I needed. So I grabbed into my own personal collection. But I think for simple looks, the brush collection does have everything you need for an eye look, but we use a lot of colors today. So anyways, starting off with Sonales, I'm using an Esum G34 and this is just going to help colors blend really and just coming up front, this is a good mouth palette. I didn't have any problems blending the shades and I specifically went into shades that were typically harder to work with and blend, purples and greens and I had no issues. So very happy with the formulation of this palette and the clear of your interest. It is what I'm trying to get across next. We're going to take Almohada and I'm using this brush from the set using this color in the inner half of my crease. Okay, I want to show you how nice this is going to blend and work out. See that? That was super easy and it's a purple shade. These purples are really good and purple is one of those colors where most brands kind of fail at. Except we're going into Nube and I'm going to put this in the outer half of the crease. This one is a little bit more cool whereas the other purple shade that we used has more warmth to it. Again, you can see it's blending out quite easily. This palette has a lot of depth to it. I would say for my taste and this palette wasn't made for me. I would like some lighter tones in here, something I could put under the brow bone and even the shimmers I felt were quite dark. So I feel like if you use this palette, the look is going to have some depth to it. So just be aware, great for smoky eyes and a lot of color and opacity. I'm taking a smaller brush and I'm using that Nube shade again and I'm running it to the outer two thirds of the lower lash line just like this. So we're going to take Charo. This we're going to use to add even more depth. So I'm going to circle that in the outer V of my eye and then also kind of get it in the outer quarter of the lower lash line. I'm taking my makeup sponge and I'm cleaning up the outer edge here. I mean those purples blended super easily. I do need to blend this a little bit more. I'm very very impressed with how these purples worked out. They were quite easy to use. Okay, so I'm going to take my Kaleidos tone activator and I'm going to create a cut crease guide. It doesn't need to be perfect. I tried using this brush from the brush set, but honestly it was just a little bit too flimsy. So I kind of struggled. So I'm just going to use my own brush and I'll be right back. So cut crease guide is laid down. I wanted to pop some green in. So I'm using Senta Miantos and I'm just using this angled brush. This has a lot of pigment. It's going to cover right over that purple. So just be aware of that. I'm just kind of placing it right here and this is going to kind of be the base for the other green blue shades that we're using and it doesn't get too muddy with the purple, which is what I was worried about. You can see the amount of pigment. It doesn't need to be perfect. We're going to go in and blend later. The ESTEM W21 we're starting off with Cielito Lindo and this is what I mean by I wish maybe there was something lighter than this because this is one of the lightest shimmers in the palette and it's more of like a medium shade. So maybe something lighter for a highlight would have been nice. I'm not complaining though. I'm not mad. I'm just it's just an observation gorgeous, right? Very pretty applied with a brush really nice. Okay. Now we're going to add some depth. I'm using this shade right here and the green that we put underneath is going to help it pop more. And I want you to go in with the brushes that you used already and kind of work on blending the purple and this green edge just so that it looks softer. You don't need to blend them together, but just soften it so that there's a little bit more of a haze. This eye looks a lot better than the side. I'd like to add. I did better on this side. I always do better with the second eye because I have practice next time taking the pencil brush, which I love. It's really, really tiny and we're going into Karina. I'm just filling in the inner corner of my lower lash line. Wow. This eye so pretty. This eye was definitely a trial run, but I love this. Okay. So so far, I mean like I said, I haven't used every shade. I'm going to continue using this palette and in one of my speed review videos, I will have the whole collection featured in there, but not a dud palette from Melt at All. I really like it. The formula really does seem amped up. There's something about this formula that is different than even some of my favorite palettes from them. The colors are more blendable. They're more soft. They're easier to work with, but they all are just as pigmented as Melt's is known for. Not just saying this because they sent me an NPR. FYI, legitimately really good palette. Thus far with the shades that I've used. Okay. Let's move on to the three gel liners that came out in the collection. So each gel liner is going to be $22. They come in this gorgeous box and I'm really excited. I don't have a lot of fun colored gel liners in my collection, but it has a gold top and butterflies running along the side. So the first color that we have is Estrella, which is a nice gold. So that's Estrella. Really pretty. I can see this being really fun. The next color that we have is Concha and she is a hot, hot pink. You can see these have so much pigment to them. It's incredible. So the Estrella gel liner has more of a metallic finish, whereas the Concha a little bit more matte. And then last we have Colibri, which is a metallic kind of teal shade. And this is what I used for my look today. So here's the thing with these. By the way, here's the swatches of all three of them. This does have more pigment. I just did a really soft swatch. These are super soft. I have never come across a gel liner that feels so soft, which is why this looks messy. I just when I stuck my brush in, I wasn't expecting it to be not wet, but really, really soft. I worry might make it a little bit hard to do too much detail work with this. I don't know. At least it's not really hard, but it doesn't have any drag. So it is really easy to use, but because it's so soft, I do feel like you lose some precision. So I just put it right over my cut crease. I'm kind of nervous to do this because again, it's really, really soft and I wasn't expecting that with the first application. So hopefully this one will be better. They are so soft. Okay. I'm just going to align the top of the cut. Well, let me just say with these gel liners, I will never, ever do a graphic liner tutorial because that was really hard for me. Not very good at that, but I had to at least use one of the gel liners extremely soft, which could be a good thing or a bad thing. I think if there's a color that you feel like you would use, it is worth it. At the end of the day, I do really like how soft it is, but it is going to take some adjustment on my end to get used to applying it like that. But I think this could be pretty cool bases for the look because they are so soft. So you can put them all over the eyelid. They're going to be great in the waterline. Actually, you know what? Let me pop this in the waterline as well. I'm going to continue to use the same shade. Let's see how it acts in that scenario. Okay. Very cool. I mean, that just glid on so easily. So I really do like these gel liners. It just kind of depends on if you're going to use them or not because they are interesting colors, but I think they're the perfect complement to this collection. They're super duper fun. Even though I suck at graphic liner, maybe this is my wake-up call to practice some more. All right. Let's move on to the blush palette. So this is the Monarca Monarca. I'm trying blush palette. This is made in the USA and it has a 12 month shelf life. The price of this is $58. There's a pretty good deal on the Mel website where you can get this blush palette and the eyeshadow palette for $95. So that's actually a really, really good deal. Here is what the packaging looks like on the outside. So beautiful. You do have a mirror and then it's going to reveal the blushes. So you're supposed to be able to really layer these shades. Like these two shades right here are shimmer finishes and the rest are matte. So they do say if you want a little bit of a glow to add these on top, the colors look really pretty. It's a great variety of light pink to a brighter pink to a deeper red, a warm orange shade and then you do have the shimmer finishes. So let's swatch these. Okay, so let's go through the top. Milacritos, Vida and Flor. So this is a matte soft peach tone. They say this is a rose gold blush and we have a brighter pink tone here. Let's get to the bottom. Feliz, Sonrisa and Conmigo. And this is a row that I think you guys are really going to love. It really plays with the warmer tones here and then you can see we have a shimmer shade here and we have more of a burnt orange and then a matte rust, which did not swatch super pigmented, which is nice. I mean, it does have some pigment, but it should still be pretty usable. The formula feels really nice and soft. I've never used a blush formula for melt before so I can't speak on my experience with that. But let's start off light here. We're going to use this shade right here. I think we're going to layer and build a little bit just to play with the formulas. So this one is quite soft, which I think is going to be really great for my lighter skin tone girls. Oh, but it builds up quite nice. I like this formula. I think this is a really nice formula. It seems to be nice and blendable, buildable, which is something that I look for in a blush. And now we have a little bit more intensity. I'm going to go in with some of Conmigo and I'm going to focus this toward the back, almost the lower back of my cheek to work almost as a contour. I don't think this color, by the way, goes with my look, but we're just we're practicing. I just want to show you some of the colors. Wow, definitely not too difficult to apply, which I'm very happy about. And then let's layer. Finally, this brush is awesome. I really like this brush with a little Vita because this is more of a rosy gold. Yeah. And this does add a little bit more shade to the blush. So if you have like a medium to deep skin tone and this color would be a great as a highlight. If you're a little bit on the more fair side, use it as a blush topper to add that shimmer finish. I'm actually going to focus this as a highlight for me because I think it can work. So I have it blended onto the apple of my cheek, but I'm also going to concentrate it on my cheekbone just to lift my face and the look. Okay, I really like this. I mean, I know it's my first time using this, but I think it's a very layerable palette. You can customize how you want. You can change around the finishes and I love the colors in here. They do seem to look different on the cheek as well, which is something that I look for for blushes. So gorgeous. I'm going to do lashes now and then we'll be back to finish with the lip products. Okay, so let's move on to lips. It's going to make the look very extra because very bright colors, but we'll start off with the perfectionist lip pencils. I've never tried a lip pencil from Melt before, but everything on this collection is just amazing. Even the velvet insides to the box is here and here are what the colors will look like. I think you have the ends here so you can see what color, but let's swatch these really quickly. So these are sharpenable. They are made in the Czech Republic. So this first shade is Corazon, which is a red. Oh, I love the feeling of these. They aren't too creamy. They're more of a waxy consistency. So some of you might not like that, but I feel like I'm going to get great control, especially with deeper colors like these. You don't want them to be too creamy because you need control. Otherwise, your lips won't look very good. This is Familia, which is a deeper purple shade. I love the way that these feel. I like my lip pencils dry. Okay. And then lastly, we have Esperanza, which is like a hot pink. So those are the lip liners. Let's go over the lipsticks, but these are $19 each by the way, or you can get all three in a set on the Melt website for $48, which is a better value, but are you going to use these colors? You need to think about that. And finally, there are five lipsticks in the collection. They are going to come in beautiful golden packaging like this and oh my gosh, look at the outer packaging of these lipsticks. They are stunning and the inside even more stunning. Do you guys see that glitter? I don't want to use these. Do you see that? Okay. So let me open all of these. Each of these lipsticks are going to be $22 each. So we have a more eternal. Oh my gosh, it's absolutely stunning. So yes. Okay. It looks really pretty. And then we have Bezos. Now Bezos is a matte. It doesn't have those glitters. This is going to be like a brighter coral color. It has a lot of pink to it. Individible hot pink. So the colors in this collection for the lips aren't necessarily like wearable, but they're really, really fine. Okay. Then we have Alma Gemela. I might have said that wrong, but I think I didn't. This one is a matte like kind of like a hot pink matte. Okay. The last one is Recuerdos. Recuerdos, Recuerdos. Anyways, it's a deep, deep purple. This is a matte finish. So those are all the lips. We have three matte lipsticks, two of that glimmer finish, and then we have the three lip liners. I mean, no matter what lipstick I use, it's just, it really is going to clash, isn't it? Should I do dark purple? Should I be extra like that? Or should I do like a hot pink? Let's just do the freaking purple. So I'm going to use Familia Lip Liner. BT Dubs. Lipsticks are made in USA. I forgot to mention that. Even though these are more of like a waxy texture, they glide on easily. There's no drag. You have so much precision with these, almost too much because you can clearly see how uneven everything is. I know it's messed up looking, but it's part of the process. Okay, we're going to go into Recuerdos. Okay, I will say my lips were dry and this makes them feel dry. Their matte lipstick is not very creamy, quite drying. Lots of drag on the lips. So this is not my favorite matte lipstick formula. It's just not. I'm sure it will stay a long time, but it's not very comfortable. So in terms of the matte lipstick formula, not a big fan. And I'm going to clean the outer edges, by the way. These two colors together are a yes. Okay, let's go in with the Individable Glitter Lipstick and let's put it on top. This is a combo. And you can kind of see the little glitters on the lips. If you buy the PR set, this is a combo that I personally recommend. Let me clean up the lips and then I will be back to give you my rounded up final thoughts on everything. So this look is super intense, but it really did pull together. This is like a melt cosmetics kind of look. I'm very happy with it. And overall, I am really happy with this collection. I'm not saying you need to go buy the $400 PR package, but in terms of the eyeshadow palette, if this is something you were kind of eyeing and you like the colors, I must say this is probably the best melt palette that I've ever tried. I had zero issues with it. Everything blended so smooth. I feel like they really stepped it up with this palette. I would say the color story is probably not my kind of color story. There are some things I would change about it. There are some shades missing that I feel like would be good, so it's not curated for me. But in terms of quality, it's the best palette that Melt has had. So if you're eyeing it, amazing. I even really love the blush palette as well. It's just so customizable. The formulas are really easy to use. So far, I'm really liking this as well. I do recommend this if this is something you're eyeing. What else really impressed me? The gel liners really impressed me. It's a formula that I certainly had to get used to, but they seem to be quite pigmented. They set down pretty fast. They don't see to budge after they set down. I mean, the color is nice and strong in my waterline still. So if these are colors that you think you would use, these are really fun to play with. I like these a lot. What don't I like from this collection, right? The lip liners love the formula of this. It's a little drying, but you have so much precision with them. The only thing for me is the colors are a little out there for me, but the formula is really nice. And the lipsticks, very fun. Definitely, again, colors outside of my comfort zone. I don't like the matte lipstick formula. I think the matte lipstick formula is a bit too drying for me. So it's not a formula I would reach for. The glitter formula is also quite drying. It's fun, but the lipstick formulas aren't for me, but I will say the packaging themselves are probably some of the most beautiful pieces in the collection. I think the brushes are really, really nice. Arsynthetic hair, if you were wondering, they do feel quite high quality. They're very, very soft. So I mean, I like these brushes. I don't have anything bad to say about them. I do think, you know, brushes that I like, I feel like I could probably get a better deal with brands that I like better, but still, it's a nice brush set. I mean, the mirror, it's kind of, it's $20. I don't think you need the mirror, but yeah, overall a very successful collection from Meltz. I will say you can definitely tell how much love, thought, blood, sweat, and tears went into this collection down to every detail. So it is a collection that is very thought out. So much love is put into it. I feel like so much love was put into each of these formulas, the color choices, the packaging, the theming behind the collection, the meaning behind the collection. If you're into it, absolutely go for it. I am a huge fan of this collection. This is my favorite collection that Meltz has ever come out with. So cannot say enough good things about this. Thank you so much to Meltz cosmetics for sending this my way. I had so much fun playing with this collection. And again, this was a first impressions. I will be continuing to play with this collection. I will have a speed makeup reviews video up in the next few weeks and this collection will be included in there to give you my updated thoughts. So if you guys aren't subscribed to my channel already, I would love it if you would consider taking the time to do so. I will see you all in the next one. Bye guys. Have a good one.

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We Reached 1,000,000 YouTube Subscribers!

Join David Diga Hernandez and Steven Moctezuma as they celebrate reaching 1 million subscribers on YouTube. ______________________________ 📩 Sign up to receive updates, free content, and more from David via email: http://www.davidhernandezministries.com/email ______________________________ 🟢 Make a one-time donation to help fund our livestreams, content, events, and more: http://www.davidhernandezministries.com/donate ______________________________ 🤝 Become a monthly ministry supporter. Partner with David for as low as $15 a month: http://www.davidhernandezministries.com/partner ______________________________ 🗓 Upcoming Events - Come experience the presence and power of the Holy Spirit. See David's ministry event schedule: http://www.davidhernandezministries.com/events ______________________________ 📚 David’s books and ministry apparel: https://www.davidhernandezministries.com/shop ______________________________ Receive Livestream text alerts. Text LIVE to 747474 ______________________________ Receive ETV content right to your phone. Text ETV to 747474 ______________________________ #EncounterTV #DavidDigaHernandez #StevenMoctezuma

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We are about to reach a ministry milestone, as you can see. And the reason that this matters is because more people now will hear the gospel of Jesus Christ preached in the power of the Holy Spirit. Every number represents a life transformed. Every subscription is a life being impacted with the gospel of Jesus Christ and with the teachings of God's word and with the power of the Holy Spirit. We're seeing more people now saved, healed, delivered, and empowered. That's why this is so important. Welcome to this very special stream. Of course, I'm joined by my brother and co-host, Mr. Steven Moctezuma. Steve, say hello to our wonderful community here. Hello spirit family, Steven Moctezuma here. What an exciting moment this really truly is. It is incredible. And we thank each and every one of you guys. I see the numbers on the screen. It really is incredible. So we're very excited about what's about to happen here. And as I said, the reason it matters is because these are lives that are being transformed. This is a movement of the Holy Spirit that we've been given to steward. And so we're very excited about that. Tim, why don't you go ahead and just bring in the lower third there with the number count, please? And as you can see, where probably I wanna say, maybe 20 minutes out, 15, 20 minutes out, but watch those numbers for fluctuations. There are people who are very passionate about being the one millionth subscriber. You don't know how many people told me I'm gonna wait until it's 999,999. And then I'll be the millionth subscriber. And then some people even unsubscribe wanting to be the millionth subscriber. So it's kind of like a game that they're playing here. So you'll see those numbers fluctuate as they often do. So as we watch those numbers climb, I wanna share with you a little bit about the journey thus far. And by the way, if this is your first time viewing content from our channel, we release teachings on the Holy Spirit, prayer, and spiritual warfare. Those are the three primary topics that I cover. And of course, we preach the gospel of salvation to the lost, but as far as our assignment to the church, what we take to the church is ministry in the area of the Holy Spirit, prayer, and spiritual warfare. And of course, we also livestream our events that we do around the world. And at these services, the power of the Holy Spirit moves tremendously. The glory of God is heavy on these meetings. People are saved, healed, delivered, and believers are empowered by the Holy Spirit to go and do ministry themselves. And so we also livestreamed the power of the Holy Spirit in action. So if you love the Holy Spirit, you wanna hear more about prayer and spiritual warfare, you wanna see the power of God in action, and you're looking for a ministry that's Jesus-centered, Bible-based, and spirit-filled, then this is the channel you've come to the right place. And we like to say this is the Holy Spirit's channel because he's given it to us to steward. It's his, it's not ours. This platform belongs to him. This platform belongs to the gospel. Now, this ministry actually began in 2007 on YouTube. And 2007 was not necessarily a take-off year. I like many others who begin an online ministry or on online content. I began with this very small, but important assignment. And all of us have to recognize that God begins the work. God is the one who not only begins the work, but he also rejoices to see it in its beginning stages. Don't despise the day of small beginnings. So 2007, we launched the channel. And I remember those days, we would have viewership some months that would skyrocket all the way to 100. And of course, compared to what we're seeing now, I'm being a little bit, I'm jesting just a little bit there, but you get the idea, not that there's anything wrong with that number. That's what we were faithful to for years. And so you can't look at obedience and you can't look at the reason you obey in the metrics that man measures that. We have our motivation and that is simply because we wanna obey God and we wanna see soul saved. And so whatever your assignment, wherever you are, along in that assignment, I want you to remember that God placed you there and that don't despise the day of small beginnings. Steve, as you look back maybe even to 2007, what runs through your mind as we sit here saying what the Holy Spirit has built so far? So I remember the very beginning of the ministry and I could tell right away that Diga, I mean, my goodness, his mind and the way that he articulates things and the way he speaks, I knew, I knew that he was being led by the Lord and I had the privilege and the honor to join the ministry very from the very beginning, very start, I rolled wires if you guys didn't know before I ever started seeing with the ministry. You worked on camera and you were the wire coiler. That's right. And yeah, it was just an incredible time, very new to be online at the time in 07. And I just remember thinking, man, this is gonna be really cool. This is a different way to reach so many people with the gospel and what a privilege it was. And yeah, I just remember being so excited to wrap those wires up and film on camera just like these guys behind the camera. So it really was an incredible time. So we saw the Lord do it, 2007 we begin. And let me just be honest with you, from 2007 all the way to 2016, like if I had the chart, I would pull it up and I would show you basically the lifetime of the ministry from 2007 when we started, all the way to 2016, I'm talking barely any traction. So little traction that when you look at the chart of the growth of the channel in terms of the lifetime statistics, you don't even see anything register on the graph from 2007 to 2016. So I wanna emphasize this again. If you're doing something for the Lord and you wonder, when am I gonna start seeing fruitfulness? You have to remember why we obey. We obey because we love him. We obey because we wanna see souls saved. We obey because that's the assignment God gave to us. But it's also important to remember that obedience itself is success. Obedience itself is success. If we measure success simply by the metrics of man, well, and sometimes things with large metrics aren't of God and sometimes things with little metrics, they are of God. So the question in regards to ministry success and ministry fruitfulness and ministry growth, the question you have to ask yourself is simply this, am I obeying what God is telling me to do? And that's really it. It's simple faith and obedience, trust in action. And as you put that trust in action, now that obedience itself, that is success. So never mind the metrics. Now we rejoice in numbers because we want to see more people saved. Somebody asked me, David, do numbers matter to you? I said, yes, absolutely, numbers matter to me. And in fact, there's a whole book of numbers in the Bible. But numbers matter because numbers represent people. So this isn't about clout. This isn't about any one man or ministry. This isn't about, you know, celebrating numbers for the number's sake. I mean, I'm sure the team appreciates seeing all of their hard work culminate into something like this. And of course, we acknowledge that to some degree, but it's important to remember that numbers only matter because numbers are live trends transformed. And even if it was just one, one person hearing the gospel, one person receiving their healing or deliverance or being empowered, one person turning to Jesus. All of heaven rejoices in that. We rejoice with heaven when even one sinner repents. So remember that we measure our success. We measure our standard of fruitfulness by whether or not we're obeying God. Well, think about what God told Isaiah. He said, go and tell the people who will not listen. In other words, I'm gonna send you to people who aren't gonna hear a word that you have to say, but he was successful because he fulfilled the assignment that God had given to him. So while we celebrate these numbers because they represent people, let's keep a healthy balance in remembering that numbers alone do not dictate success. It's whether or not you've obeyed God. So 2007, we begin on YouTube. 2007, 2008, 2009, all the way up to 2016, very little traction. I'm telling you, I don't even think, oh yeah, there's the lifetime growth chart. I'm glad they have that there. Look at, okay, this is exactly what I was talking about. And by the way, guys, the staff is doing an amazing job. We thought, by the way, we thought we were gonna hit a million subs on Wednesday, but then things started picking up rapidly because of some recent teachings I've been doing on Spiritual Warfare. Like the response has been overwhelmingly positive. Just a huge influx of people saying they're being set free, their minds are being transformed. It's a beautiful thing to watch when the truth of the word begins to impact lives. And so recently, people have been really responding more specifically last week. People really responded well to some of the teachings we released. And so we're seeing sort of a boost from that. So the growth rate itself is growing. But look here, September 4th, 2007, so when I began the YouTube channel, and look here, you don't even see 2007 on the chart because nothing registered. And look how little, and by the way, I was putting out videos, so it's not like I wasn't doing anything. Look at how very little traction we gained. You can see just a little after 2014, right before 2015, you see a tiny bump. Well, that's when we started to see some movement on the channel. And if you look at 2016, you'll see this even larger, it looks about double that size, but still a very tiny bump. You'll see that there was this tiny influx. And that right there, 2016, was Sid Roth's It's Supernatural when I went on the program and it went somewhat viral online. And so we saw a little bit of boost from that and we stewarded well the growth that came in. Look at longevity depends upon stewardship. How well you steward the word, how well do you steward what God has given to you? And I see that we're just about 25 people away from our million subscribers. So watch the numbers fluctuate here, guys. Everyone wants to be that million, so I guess we'll see who it is. But Tim, if you can, bring that chart back up just for a second. I wanna show them something because there are people watching who maybe they're being encouraged to continue in the calling that God gave them. Look, what happened if, what would have happened had I quit in 2012 or 2014? That's almost seven years of doing it with really no response. And then if you look, 2018, 2020, we of course know what happened there. And 2020 was another big year for online ministries for obvious reasons. But if you'll notice, we didn't even see most of our growth until the last 24 months. So believe it or not, most of the growth that we have seen occurred in the past 24 months. Thank you, Tim, for that chart. And I think that's important to recognize because in that, see there, you guys go fighting for that millionth spot. So in that month, the 24th month, or the past 24 months, we saw the most growth. And what's interesting is I thank God that most of the growth came in the past 24 months. Because it was from 2007 all the way to 2020 that God was processing things in me. God was working things in me to help develop character that could sustain the fruitfulness of the ministry that God would bring. So we of course honor God. This is his doing. This is his ministry. It's for his glory to reach his people. And it's so that Jesus can reap the reward of his suffering. We wanna see people say he'll deliver and empowered unto God's glory for the purpose of his kingdom. But you know, don't be discouraged if you're not seeing fast immediate results. The difference between a star and a shooting star is that a shooting star gets attention, but it fades out quickly. But a star is faithful. A star remains fixed in the sky. And so this isn't about, of course, and I wanna make sure I'm careful with that analogy. This is not about glorifying man or looking at an individual and oh saying, oh, they're shining. It's just a simple analogy to help you understand longevity. Quick growth is dangerous. And so be very thankful if the Lord is processing you and celebrate where you are. So we have just about 24 to go. And if you're watching and you haven't subscribed yet or if you're watching and you're unsubscribed waiting to be the million subscriber, we're gonna ask everyone to go ahead and subscribe right now. Thank you to our viewers. Thank you to our supporters. Thank you to our partners, our wonderful spirit family. This is the movement that God has given to us. Listen, this is not just about one man or ministry. This is a holy spirit movement. No one can stop it. The truth and the power will go forward. God has favored this ministry. God has favored our movement. And we're now seeing the fruit of that. And I'm telling you this, this is only the beginning. This is just the springboard for what God is going to begin doing through his ministry in the next few years. So Steve, anything else you wanna say to our partners, the spirit family as we wait to cross over this milestone? I just wanna say, thank you guys so much. It really is an honor and a privilege to be a part of this ministry and to be a part of it since the beginning. Just going through all the years in my mind right now of all the times that I sang over and over again or tried to perfect what the Lord has given me. You would do several takes for one song just to get it right. Yep, I would do several takes and those late nights that we worked. And I just remember thinking, Lord, this is for you and you alone. And yeah, now we're here and it really is surreal. It really truly is surreal. I'm looking at these numbers. It's incredible. It really is incredible. So again, this matters because this represents lives that are being transformed. Think about the fact that the Holy Spirit touched your life through his ministry. He's the one creating the meals. I'm just the one serving them. I am your servant serving you the ministry that God wants to give to you. And so think about the fact that just as your life has been impacted by the Lord's ministry, by the Holy Spirit's ministry, just as your life has been impacted, think about that effect multiplied times a million. And think about that because it multiplies even more on other social media platforms that aren't even being counted here. This is just a single platform. And so we're thankful to the Lord. We're thankful to the precious Holy Spirit. And I wanna encourage you again, you're watching this and God gave you an assignment. There's something you're doing for his glory. Number one, do not measure your success by the metrics of man. Rather, measure your success by whether or not you've obeyed God. That is the key. And if God gave you the assignment, God will give you the ability to fulfill that assignment. And we do rejoice in numbers because these are lives transformed. But when all is said and done, one plants, one waters, only God is the one who can bring forth the harvest. Okay guys, 13 more. And this is, it's funny because I even told Mr. Lay in the back, I said, Tim, I almost wanna go live. Like right when we're at 999,995 or something because people are gonna wanna be that millionth. There he goes. Pardon? We're going, we're going up. Let's see it. So 992, 993. Let's see if it doesn't fluctuate. Hopefully we just go straight through. Oh, let's see what's happening here. Okay, 995. All right, here we go guys. Five, five more. Five more subs to a million. Come on. Four more subs to a million. Three more subs to a million. Two. One, here we go. People have gone. Wow, come on. We've reached a ministry milestone. One million YouTube subscribers and I can hear them cheering in the control room. They're all waving their phones and celebrating one million YouTube subscribers. That's just incredible. We honor again the precious Holy Spirit. We honor what God is doing through this ministry. It's his ministry, it's not ours. This is his work, not ours. This is his movement, it's not ours. We're just stewards, but we celebrate. Every life transformed. Every life transformed by the gospel of Jesus Christ. Now, remember, this is only the beginning. Father, I pray that you would continue to use your platform. Lord, as we stay grounded on your word, trusting you. As we continue to declare your truth and only what your truth is as revealed in your word. As we continue to surrender to the precious Holy Spirit, as we continue to honor and glorify our wonderful Jesus. Father, we ask that you would continue to use this ministry to see people saved, healed, delivered and empowered. And we promise we will give you all the glory. In the mighty name of Jesus, we pray. I want you to say it because you believe it. Say, amen. Amen. Steve, anything you wanna say before we dismiss this special stream? Love you all, thank you so much. And this truly is the beginning of what God is gonna do in our generation. Love you. Well, we truly do love you, our wonderful supporters, our spirit family. This is our movement that God gave to us, to steward. It's not just me and Steve and the ministry team. This is all of us. God is using all of us. So let's be thankful for this movement and let's continue to press forward and spread the gospel of Jesus Christ all around the world in the power of the Holy Spirit. And remember until next time, nothing is impossible with God.

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W, 07.20.22 ~ 2021 PRIZM FOOTBALL 1-BOX BLASTER BREAK #10 *RT*

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Hi everyone, Joe for jaspyscasewrakes.com, doing our last filler, our only filler actually, for that hip parade, jaspy exclusive break, that's coming up in the next video. But first, let's do this prison football blaster break, random team 10. Big thanks to this group right here for making it happen, I appreciate it. All 32 teams are in, and then we'll do a second dice roll for the giveaway part. One out of four, five times for names and teams. One, two, three, four, and a one, fifth and final time. One out of four, five times for the teams. One, two, three, four, and five. Could be some surprises in this blaster box, perhaps. Let's see, let's find out. There's the first half of the list right here and the second half right over there has always no trade windows. Let's print this out, see what's in the box. What's in the box? And then we'll see what's in the box and then we'll see who wins spots. What's in the box? Print out hot off the presses. Thank you. Blaster box time. Anything, it's a trailance insert, okay, okay. Tom Brady, I heard of him. And his teammate Jalen Darden. All right, Buck and Ears, Chad with the Tom Brady base card. And this one is for Chad as well in the Niners. There you go. And there you go, ladies and gentlemen. Now, let's see who's gonna win those spots. Let's gather everybody's names. From Ryan down to Steve. New dice, new lists. And it'll be the top 10 after 12 times, a full 12 times, six into six. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, 10, 11, and good luck, 12th and final time. Now, from 11 on down, it's gonna be sad times. Thanks for giving it a shot, everybody. But can it only be the top 10 in the next break in the hit parades? Steve, you're in. Steve again. Steve, Steve, Steve, Steve, Chad. Ryan, Steve, Kym. There you go. So we got Ryan, Chad, and Kym sneaking in there as well. We'll see you in the next video for the hit parade break, jaskyscasebreaks.com. Bye-bye.

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I need your help!

KickinTheirBassTV here and I need your help!!! I want to hear from my fans what they would like to see more of so I can focus on videos that you all want to see! Leave your video suggestion/request in the comment section below! Thank you so much ! Hit that thumbs up button and subscribe if you are new to the channel! Canada Youtube Trip Day 1 - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sEghIHhHTps Canada day 2 (must watch) - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xMgRbsohhYc GoPro Giveaway - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jqWOsvDqRm4 Click Here To Subscribe for more ► https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCq1McBIjys-xtjBpLskfa8Q ● My Clothing Line (Support the team!) - http://kickintheirbasstv.com/gear-2/#!/SWAG/c/14769455/offset=0&sort=normal ● My SnapChat - NoahPescitelli ● My Twitter - https://Twitter.com/KickinTheirBass ● My Google+ - http://bit.ly/Kickintheirbasstv ● My Instagram - http://Instagram.com/Kickin_Their_Bass_tv ● My Facebook - http://Facebook.com/KickinTheirBassTv ● My Baits - http://kickintheirbasstv.com/gear/

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There's some good stuff right there guys. That's that's some good stuff. I'm not affiliated with Striking, but gosh those rage crawls those rage tails This things are amazing So what I really wanted to talk about in this video It's just I Want to figure out what I'm gonna be doing in the next couple of months throughout 2016 I just want to know you know, I'm gonna change up some stuff I want to I want to do more of videos towards what you guys want to see So if you guys could please give the video a thumbs up and please leave a comment below I want every single one of you guys to do this leave a comment below on what you guys want to see what type of videos Video suggestions if you could please give me your feedback on that You know, I'll definitely try to go out there and make some of those videos if you guys didn't know I'm moving to Savannah on the 7th of September so it's literally like a week and a half I'm gonna be moving and I'm going down to college and You know, that's gonna be really good. I'm really excited about it because The videos are gonna change a lot not as of style but as of location You know the videos are they're gonna have a little bit it's gonna be different and I think you guys are gonna like that and it's gonna be a little change and then I'll definitely come back over here in Gwinnett County and And film some more over here So it's just gonna be a little bit different and I think you guys are gonna love it It's gonna be a change and I think it's gonna be a great change and I think it's gonna be great But thank you guys so much for supporting me in the past couple of videos I have some of the Canada videos if you haven't gone and check those out. I'll leave the links below I also have a GoPro giveaway if you guys want to check that out I'm doing that for you guys because you guys have been supporting me a lot and also I Actually got my truck wrap today and I'm big shout out to ZD cows. Thank you guys so much for hooking me up with the wrap and a Big thanks to all South sprinkler company my new title sponsor for Helping me get that wrap on because if it wasn't for them I want to be getting that wrap on my truck and also all my truck sponsors I'm thank you guys so much that that really means the world my truck would not be anywhere What it's like if it wasn't for my sponsors and I just really think them and I wouldn't have them if it Wasn't for you guys. So seriously. Thank you guys so much and So yeah, that's pretty much all I wanted to say go leave a comment below I'll really appreciate also. This is just a little sneak peek I haven't edited up the video actually just got it back today shout out to ZD cows for getting this done The wraps finally done shout to ZD cows and shout out to all South sprinkler With both of them this wrap wouldn't be on my truck and then big shout out to all my truck sponsors My truck would not be where it's at without you guys. Thank you so much So there's gonna be you know, there's gonna be more stuff coming with the truck I actually got a time-lapse video of them like kind of wrapping it and stuff like that But seriously big things is you do cows did a great job. If you ever need a wrap Definitely go check them out and special things are also sprinklers. That's my new title sponsor I wouldn't have that rap on my truck if it wasn't for them and then fab for ar e rigid industries truck vault You guys are awesome like this truck you guys really helped me build this truck and I just really appreciate it Thank you guys so much and especially thanks for the fans because I want to have the sponsors It wasn't for you guys, but um, like I said guys, please leave a comment below Stay tuned for some more videos have a cool challenge video coming out Sunday So stay tuned for that and check the links in the bios for some more videos up this this week. Peace

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PYAR KA PUNCHNAMA RAJAT'S SPEECH Best Scene REACTION!

Here is our reaction to the best scene from Pyar Ka Punchnama! #Reaction THANKS SO MUCH TO OUR EXTRA JUICY PATREON SUPPORTERS HANOZ NAVDAR Be a patron for us and support more videos like this! https://www.patreon.com/OurStupidReactions If you would like to send us something 18960 Ventura Blvd. #76 Tarzana, CA 91356 Korbins Personal Youtube page- https://www.youtube.com/user/KorbinMiles Ricks personal Youtube Page- https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCBH1... Korbin Miles - https://www.imdb.com/name/nm4716836/?... Rick Segall - https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0781848/?... For Business - oStupidp@gmail.com Follow OurStupidReactions On FACEBOOK & TWITTER: FB: https://www.facebook.com/ourstupidpod... TWITTER: https://twitter.com/STUPIDREACTIONS

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An old man walks into a bank, walks up to the teller and says, I'd like to check my balance. Teller pushes him. Here are the idiots. I'm Corbin, and this is a moron. Yep, I'm the stupiditist. Thank you for following us on Instagram and Twitter. And thank you for ringing the bell to be part of the notification squad. Um, so today we're going to be, um, reacting to a speech. It's from this film, if you want to say it. I want you to say it. Pajarcar Punch Mama. That's what I was hoping for. I was looking for the Punch Mama. Thank you, Corbin Miles. Nama, sorry. No, you did it. That's literally why I turned to you and wanted you to say it. Punch Nama. I knew you'd do Punch Mama. Ah! But we haven't reacted to the trailer, but this scene has been highly requested. It's called Rajat's speech. Yes, but it's from Piarca Punch Your Mama. Don't punch your mama. Ah! That's rude. Uh, but okay. Okay, so it's a scene. I think I can focus now. I think it's a funny scene. Okay. Um, so we'll see. All right. Hopefully it's good. Uh, and thank you to everybody supporting us on Patreon. You might be the only ones to see this. Sometimes scenes get completely blocked. It's true, um, so. Do we need any context for this? Do we know anything about what this is? As far as- No idea. All right, great. Here we go. Go. What's going on with this new guy? What? What happened? He came over. What did he say? He's the only one who doesn't want to talk about it. What? What's the problem? Problem? The problem is that he's a girl. What else is the problem? The problem is that I want no problem in my life. But if I have no problem in my life, then his life is the biggest problem. And Bullshit, he's worried, man. He should celebrate. Because he's in this exactly what he wants. Seriously, Rajat. When he opens his mouth, I feel something in my mouth. Trust me, I've had it all in the last 6 months. I've seen everything. What love? What kind of relationship? What kind of happiness? Relationship also means an end to your own happiness. After that, all you got to worry about is his happiness, his birthday, his dog's birthday, his rear, which was yours too. And the energy can't keep anyone happy. A happy woman is the best. You see the Batman guy, till the time he hasn't become a Batman, till that time, you can't do anything. You can't do anything. You can't do anything. You can't live with him. How can you live with him? This guy became Batman that day. That day, he said, you became Batman? I needed a normal person. How can I live with you? Everything is a matter of stories. Bollywood is romantic. One girl fell in love with the other. Two were together. They ended. No one told the rest of the story. I'll tell the rest of the story. After that, the boy didn't hug the girl for 2 days. That's the problem. What? You're telling the truth. It doesn't look good. They don't end up shopping. They went to the cushions, then to the curtains. They didn't match with the cushions, so they went to the other cushions. How much do I have? I don't know. I spent a lot of money. Thank you. I was hoping they'd do that. I was hoping they'd do that. I'm not buying anything. I'll take 2 weeks off. I'll take the table. I'll spend 5 hours in the mall. I'll pick up the trash. And then I'll take 2 weeks off. I'll take the table. I'll take the table. I'm working in the office. I'll call you. I'll call you and tell you. I can't talk. How much time do I have to take? 2 minutes. What will happen? If I do that, you'll get your money. I won't be able to do it. And then I'll tell you. Without a phone, I'll give you 2 days off. I'll call you the most. I'll take you to the kitchen. Even your top is flicking. Look at the ads... Jamli Ji. 1 minute to the money. Call him as much as you need. Call him as soon as the growth. Don't let the underestimates die. After that... Just tell me why cannot you talk? You lost interest in me. You wanted to fool me, so why did I call you? Mother, how do you life to have a phone? Go and ask Blasphemy somewhere outside. Listen, in that ad, it's not an analogy. I can use the Vielleicht, paper. You don't know No, he's not going to India, he's just asking. No, he knew that he wanted to go somewhere far away. He had to tell his wife that he was going to India. Otherwise she would have asked 10 questions. Where are you going? Why are you going? Really? You don't even know where you are going? Why don't you tell her straight away that you want to go somewhere far away? You're making fun of a poor man till date. I'm working in the office. I'll get an SMS. I love you. Okay, I'll do an SMS. I love you too. After this, I'll start the SMS. What do you do in the office? Don't reply to two SMSs. You'll get a call. Don't pick up the call. You'll get a message in 10 minutes. I don't think it's working anymore. 10 minutes. I love you. I love you. I don't think it's working anymore. And this is when they're not even down. Now you know why these people are so heart-attacked? And why are these guys so successful? Because they don't have a woman to screw their happiness down. Look, they say that behind every successful man is a woman. True. But no one tells that behind every unsuccessful man is also a woman. And no one can tell that the un-successful people have more success than successful people in this world. I'm working in the office. I'll be late for the care-on. I won't eat anything. I'll get hungry. I'm asking you to eat. Look, what do I do? Leave the job. Then go home. Let them eat first. Why do they die of hunger after this? Even after all this, if a person goes to a corner and sits quietly, then what? Watch. What are you thinking? What are you thinking? What are you thinking? I'm not thinking anything. My mother is thinking. How can I stop your hunger? What are you thinking? Put a camera in your head. After all this, we never talk. We need to talk. I don't think it's working anymore. I'm telling you. You cannot discuss anything with a woman. Because they call it a discussion. But any discussion with a woman is an argument. And you can't live with a boss in an argument. Because we are humans. This is a basic need. You make sense in an argument. Girls don't care. They don't care. How do they come up with an argument because of a senseless thing? First of all, today's argument is not over. Today's argument will be over after two months. It's not even a man. Two months ago, what happened? Girls are saved. They are not small. They are big. They will use it in a big fight. You have never tried to prove yourself right. You will feel that you can prove yourself with this point. But only then you will hear a voice. The finger is down. You will not even pay attention. But you will be pointing at them with your teeth. The whole argument will flash down the gutter. And the topic will remain. How dare you point a finger at me? Who made the rule? Who made the rule? He? He? He? He? He? He? He? He? He? Before marriage? Before marriage, why does the Dragon Queen stay? Why does she stay? Then the brand will take your back. More is coming in your life. He has such a signature, why is it here? Tell me now, what would you have come to do if I do the same? Call a friend and if I have any problems from now on? Will she say, oh you have called my friend. Then why you called my friend's SIM? All right. He also talks incredibly fast. He does. So let's put on, Let's pull up our acting coaching chair for a minute. First of all, let's talk about the writing because everything starts with the writing. I love the ending. I love that last line. I thought that was great. What do you think about the writing of the scene, of the monologue? It's, and I'm sure we lost some things in translation. Yeah, obviously they'll be able to understand more. Like if it was in English, I'd be able to understand everything. Of course. And so I don't really- Any of the double meanings or anything like that. Wanna kinda judge it on that. But yeah, it was good. It was hard to read everything as fast as he was saying it. And then maybe it could have been split up into like a three-minute thing as opposed to a five-minute speech. As I was watching him, and this is again, this is just my personal opinion. I'm not saying this is the right way to do it. This is what I would have preferred. And granted, I would think that that's the right way to do it. At least when it comes to acting, the right way to do it is I need to believe you all the time. Period. Meisner described acting in a certain way, and I have an elaboration on that in terms of he said it's living truthfully under imaginary circumstances, which is true. That is what acting is. Living truthfully under imaginary circumstances. But for me, you have to add to the end of that and be believable. Because if we're acting and we know we're living truthfully under the circumstances, and we are 100% honest with what we're doing, but they don't believe it, we failed. And you don't want to just be believable and not be truthful. You need to have that combination. If I was coaching this guy, I wouldn't want him to do the scene again. He had just gotten up in a class and did the monologue. I would say, do it again, but this time I want you to slow down and I want you to not know what you're going to say next because I felt he knew exactly what he was saying. Yeah, I agree with that. Yeah, he wasn't. I didn't see him thinking and having realizations. I saw a guy who had memorized his lines really, really well and had put some emotion in it, but the emotion was pretty singular. I don't know what he wanted. And I didn't believe that it was happening right at that moment. And that's what I would prefer to see. I think it's a great monologue, but if it had been done in a way that... I don't know. I don't know how the director directed it. He may have been frustrated and the director said just get through it like that, you know? And obviously I don't know the pretext of what his girlfriend or wife or whatever it is, what she did, blah, blah, blah, blah. Obviously this was a very broad statement about all women. It was very funny. In the cliches. Obviously it's supposed to be humorous, obviously not all women are that way. I don't think he should be in the relationship with this girl, honestly. Exactly. It feels about her. And I think a lot of people who wouldn't be thinking about this in terms of higher level acting critiquing would enjoy that scene and laugh at it just for it being a funny scene. But for me watching the scene, I would want that actor to take it next level. So I didn't dislike it, but man, I think if that was put into the hands of somebody who was in the moment, had more time maybe, whatever the direction was, I don't know. I think that had the potential to be a home run versus I think he had a very sound double using baseball analogies. Yeah. And I think, like I said, somebody has, a lot of people have requested this. Some people have said it's sexist. And I get it. I understand why you'd say that. I think it, but I kind of went at it from this is obviously not actually true. This is just something funny that they wanted to put in that this guy feels, obviously it's not true. For me, the reason I didn't take offense to it is because it was so over the top. I didn't feel like this was a genuine portrayal of some guy with a bone to pick with a woman. This was, I'm about to give you the personification of every stereotype a man can have for a woman. So it was like, okay, it'd be silly if you'd do that because I've not taken any of this to heart. That's how I felt about it too. Some people had said that to me in the comments when people had suggested it. And there may be stuff in translation that was really offensive that we wouldn't have picked up on. Who knows? Let us know what other scenes we should react to. Should we react to the trailer for this film? Yes. Somebody asked me that today, that Instagram message said, would you guys react to some scenes? I'm glad we're doing this. Yes, we love scenes. We love scenes. It is difficult. I think War scene got blocked and it apparently might have just got unblocked. So you might see that. Obviously we've already seen the film though. Yeah, but that was our first exposure to Bahubali. Was that fight scene? But please let us know other scenes. Yeah, legendary scenes. Acting scenes. Yeah. Funny scenes. All that kind of stuff because we love to react to that kind of stuff as well. As long as there are scenes that don't spoil the film. Yes.

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It’s Hurricane Season!

You have the power to be prepared for a storm!

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Hello, I'm Anne-Marie Burkle, Acting Chairman of the Consumer Product Safety Commission. It's June, and that means it's the start of the 2018 Atlantic hurricane season. I want to remind you, you have the power to prepare and stay safe during whatever weather may come your way. After a storm knocks out power, the risk of carbon monoxide poisoning increases. Carbon monoxide or CO is called the invisible killer. You cannot see it or smell it. Now is the time to make sure that your CO and your smoke alarms are working properly. Install carbon monoxide alarms on every level of your home and outside your sleeping areas. If you own a portable generator, here are a few safety tips to keep in mind. Never use a portable generator inside your home, your basement, or your garage. Keep your generator outside of your home at least 20 feet away from any window, doors, or vents. If you experience a headache, fatigue, nausea, or vomiting, get outside immediately for fresh air, and then call 911. Here are some other hazards to look out for after a storm. Never use charcoal indoors. Burning charcoal in an enclosed space can produce lethal levels of carbon monoxide. If you must use candles, do not burn them on or near anything that can catch fire and never leave burning candles unattended. Do not use electric or gas appliances that have been wet or damaged in a hurricane or flood. These appliances could cause electric shock, fire, or an explosion hazard. The storms may come, but you have the power to prepare. Please stay safe this hurricane season. Thank you.

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This is what an "ICEBERG" Order mean! Day Trading 101

✨ Enrich Your Trading Skills: Subscribe to get exclusive access to our free weekly classes with Fausto Pugliese, held every Thursday at 12pm ET! 🎓✨ Dive deep into the world of trading mastery by securing your spot for our next class: [https://www.cybertradinguniversity.com/free-weekly-class/] Fausto Pugliese is renowned for his engaging teaching style and his ability to break down complex concepts into digestible, actionable insights. This is an incredible opportunity to tap into his expertise and gain a deeper understanding of these critical aspects of trading. Don't miss out on this chance to enhance your trading skills and take your trading to the next level! 🔗 Connect with us on social media: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/cybertradinguniversity/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/cybertradingu Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ctu.corp #nasdaq #bookviewer #level2 #trading #faustopugliese #cybertradinguniversity #daytrading Disclaimer: This video is for educational and informational purposes only and should not be considered financial advice. Always conduct your own research and consult with a qualified financial advisor before making any trading decisions. Trading involves risk, and you should be aware of the potential for significant losses.

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So it's a funny story. I came up with this word about 20 years ago after watching the movie, The Titanic. Okay, why don't you go watch that movie? Very sad movie. I definitely am recommended. What happened to Titanic? It hit an iceberg. And the thing is, everybody was focused on the pretty of the ship and above the water. They didn't realize it's not what's above the woods, the bottom of the water. Icebergs are really big. So what happened, it crashed and it sunk. So what we're looking for is big iceberg orders, which we call, some people call big block orders, but when you see a big, big order, it's called an iceberg order. So now we're looking at a 20, 90, and we're looking for a resistance. Once again, stocks going higher, we need to focus on the next resistance level.

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Get Ready for the Epic Non-Combatant Evacuation During AST-3 | WTI 2-23

U.S. Marines and Navy Sailors assigned to 3rd Battalion, 7th Marine Regiment, 1st Marine Division, and Marine Aviation Weapons and Tactics Squadron One (MAWTS-1), conduct Non-combatant Evacuation Operations (NEO), during Assault Support Tactics 3 (AST-3), part of Weapons and Tactics Instructors (WTI) course 2-23, at Marine Corps Air Ground Combat Center Twentynine Palms, California, April 14, 2023. Defense Now - April 2023 https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLe95fdmDwNk99JWJfkir7qb6mOKbhMi8y NATO News Updates https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCilumuS3PI9nfrBvTwCFt-g Checkout for more Latest Defense & Technology News Updates. www.defenseflashnews.com Please keep discussions on this channel clean and respectful. Refrain from using racist or sexist slurs as well as personal insults. WTI 2-23: AST-3 Non-combatant Evacuation Operations Exercise TWENTYNINE PALMS, CA, UNITED STATES 04.14.2023 WTI, hosted by MAWTS-1, is a seven-week course providing standardized advanced tactical training and certification of unit instructor qualifications to support Marine aviation training and readiness. AST-3 is a multi-mission evolution consisting of a NEO as well as Foreign Humanitarian Assistance operations. This evolution allows the prospective WTIs to plan, brief and execute both missions while shifting their focus towards an in-depth review and dissection of rules of engagement, military authorities and civil considerations. (U.S. Marine Corps video by Cpl. Eric Ramirez) Film Credits: Video by Cpl. Eric Ramirez Marine Aviation Weapons and Tactics Squadron-1

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can't run back in here.

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Kubernetes and Logging: Do It Right - Eduardo Silva, Arm Treasure Data

Don’t miss out! Join us at our upcoming event: KubeCon + CloudNativeCon Europe 2021 Virtual from May 4–7, 2021. Learn more at https://kubecon.io. The conference features presentations from developers and end users of Kubernetes, Prometheus, Envoy, and all of the other CNCF-hosted projects. Kubernetes and Logging: Do It Right - Eduardo Silva, Arm Treasure Data Logging in distributed systems is not as simple as it sounds. The nature of having distributed applications comes with challenges for data processing such as parsing and unstructured/structured data handling, metadata correlation (labels/annotations), data centralization, and overall reliability. In this session, we will dive and explain all the concepts of Logging for distributed systems, specifically applicable for Kubernetes environments, best practices, and open-source tools available to satisfy the final needs of every user: data analysis. Doing Logging right is not hard if the concepts are understood, after this session you will be in a good position to implement a unified logging layer in Kubernetes with further knowledge of best practices for performance, security, and data transfer reliability. https://sched.co/ekA9

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Hello everyone, my name is Eduardo Silva and I'm here to talk about Kubernetes and logging on how to do it and write or how to try to make it right. This session is for November 19th, QConUS, and as I said, my name is Eduardo, I'm a maintainer of this project, which is called Fluent Big, which is part of the Fluent D ecosystem and it works as a principal engineer at Treasure Big. Understanding the workflow and logging is really important. If you understand how data is collected, how it's processed and then chipped, it's more easy in general to how to troubleshoot and understand where is my data, how you can process your data. So let's take a quick overview on how this works in the Kubernetes world. If you think about the cluster, this cluster has a master API, then you have all the containers, which are called nodes, and your applications are deployed in a cluster which is called POT, and POT can have one or many containers. So when you deploy your POT, you also can decide that how many replicas you can have for your own application. And sometimes this replicas does not fit in just one node, they are distributed across different nodes, and this kind of distributed environment is quite flexible. But also it generates many challenges when we try to solve logging. So if you think about this diagram that we have, how do we collect the information from different POTs and different nodes and correlate with data data? It's a complex task. Imagine that one application just generate a simple message like this Apache message, where we have an IP address, we have a timestamp, and then the HTTP message, I mean the HTTP protocol. This simple message generated by a POT needs to be processed and collected. As a set and application is generated as a POT, a POT has a definition, like a general file, right? So imagine that in the left side we have the definition for this POT, and this POT is generated in random messages. That is fine. All these messages, by default, can go to the file system, or maybe the Kubernetes environment is configured to be used with system V. So it's a bit flexible of where your data will be, but at the end we aim to solve the same problem. This information, when it's generated by the POT, then goes to a stream. It can be standard output or standard error. And depending on the configuration, if we think about file system, all this data will go to the file system, to a path like SLAM slash barbecue or containers, with the right POT name, event space, and more information. Then this message is not just a text message generated by the application, because we also have some metadata that comes with it. For example, what is the stream that this data is coming from, and at what time this data was generated? So you realize that a simple message for any kind of a node can start getting more data and more data. But after that we need to also correlate all the information. Maybe I would like to know what's the POT name or which node this data was generated from, and maybe when I deploy my POT, I set special labels to say, hey, maybe this is a production environment label or this is, I don't know, label color equals blue. Because at the end when you centralize all your data in storage, what you want to do is data analysis. And to do data analysis, if your application was distributed, was generated from different places, you need to have this special keys, or not, I don't want to say indexes, but special keys to loop for them. I want to search for all my patterns that the job, for example, equals to a bit, or labels equals blue. So how do we correlate all this information? Because all this context of labels annotations in Kubernetes are not in the same node where this data was generated. And by spec, this data is in the master API server. And this is one, and we're going to introduce one bit, one of the agents for logging that we have in the ecosystem. There are others, but we're going to talk about the fluid ecosystem where fluid it's part of it. On-date is a project that was started around 2015, originally for embedded links, but quickly evolved to the cloud space. And it's under a batch license, pretty much like FluentV. It's really in pure C language. In that decision, that was difficult years ago, we wanted to have a real optimized logging agent that was able to consume the recipe if possible and optimize memory usage as best as possible. But also, being really in the same doesn't mean that it's limited or restricted, quite the contrary. We have a platform architecture where we have more than 60 plugins, I would say that many 70 as of today, and we provide built-in security and different kind of rules that is very flexible to be configured as a pipeline. A pipeline is just the concept that we have that from an agent perspective, right, where we're collecting the data from one side, from the input, and parsing this data, this data then floats, but filters buffering, and finally it's brought it back to the destination. And destinations can be many. It can be any of the connectors that we ship with the FluentV distribution. For example, Elasticsearch, Locky, InfruxDB, Amazon S3, and Bearman. It's just a matter to take a look at their documentation. And as I said, correlation is really important. So if we do this data, like we would have a log with a log message, we have a key with a stream and a timestamp. So how do we correlate all this together in Kubernetes? Because I think our data will become something like this, right? Where our data will likely be processed. We're going to get from an instructor format to a structure format. This is just an example. We will get all the Kubernetes metadata where we can see that we have a pop name, namespace, quality, labels, and so on. So correlating this information is really important, as I said before. Because if you look at the size, it will be really hard to try to find the right information that you have at a specific moment from a specific place. And how this can be deployed? As an agent, FluentV and FluentV can be deployed as a Cypher container, or as a demo set. A demo set is a part that runs on every node of your cluster. So considering the basic use case, we just deployed FluentV as a demo set in every node of your cluster. Which of course, in the configuration, mounts the volumes to access the container logs that are in the node. So as explained before, the pods writes to the file system through the Kubernetes API, of course. And then we have the demo set consuming all the container information. But after reading that information, we need to start correlating. Also, the agents go to the master API server and retrieve all these labels and annotations. And of course, it's an expensive task. I would say that it's not that easy. But at the end, you, as a user, what you want is that the agent deploy a basic configuration and make sure that this is working in a straightforward way. And FluentV and FluentV, that's that. Once you correct all the information, then you're ready for your next step, which is to keep your data to your preferred database or storage engine. Recently, in the latest version, we have access, we have native support for possibly SQL, AWS S3, Lucky, Azure Blob, Elastic, Kafka. We have main connectors, pretty much everything that is used in real production environments. And when you think about FluentV, you have to think about that FluentX equals high performance at low cost. You can deploy any kind of tool to ship your data out of your box, but you always have to consider that as fast your data grows, the amount of data is more data you need to process. And when you process data, that is not cheap, right? You have CPU cycles. And if you're running a cloud environment where you have hundreds of nodes, or thousands of quads, it's really important that your login agent be optimized and configured for the best use case possible. Low CPU consumption and low memory consumption without low overall performance or throughput, which is really important. One concept that we have in many areas of engineering, but applied to login is a concept of back pressure. I don't know if you remember, but we just mentioned about that we have a data pipeline, right? We have the input, we have the filters, parsers, buffers, and we send it out. That sounds, oh, this makes sense. But one thing is theory, and the other is when your things are deployed in production. And when you have things production, sometimes you have neighbor outreach, you have services that doesn't respond quickly. But from the inside, but from the input side, you're still consuming data and more data. So where do you store that data? What's usually happening with this? And this, I want to explain the back pressure concept with a couple of pipes and water. So think about that you have the incoming data in the left side and the going data in the right side. So your pipe has a capacity, right? If you put more water on it, it won't go through faster. Sometimes this will start struggling a little bit, right? It will start flowing, but then we will get some problems because if we cannot process the data faster enough on the right side, and we're getting more data from the left side from the input, we are going to have a real complex scenario. So how do we fix that? By default, most of the loading agents, including the input, we just store the data in memory by default, because we operate with data in memory. But when we are sending this data out, if we cannot ship fast enough, and we're getting more data, this data start accumulating in memory. And in a Kubernetes or a containerized environment, you ended up saying, oh, the kernel has killed this container, the loading agent. And it makes sense because you were storing data as much as possible in memory. And that's why we need to offer some mechanisms to deal with this, we just call back pressure. So in order to avoid back pressure in logging, or at least in the Kubernetes use cases, it's always to implement this mechanism. For example, can the agent ask, I'm okay to ingest more data? Because if you think about the beginning of this presentation, we talk about that all our data, it's already in the file system. And actually the data will be there for a couple of minutes before the data gets rotated in most of cases. So it's okay that sometimes we can pause the data ingestion until we can flush all the data, at least in fluid data, yeah, that is possible. And by default for production environments, we always suggest enable the file system buffering mechanism. File system means that your data goes to memory, but it's always making a backup in the file system. But also, if you put a limit of how much data Fluentbit can use in the Fluentbit configuration, Fluentbit will say, hey, you are ingesting so much data, and I can face back pressure. Okay, all the new data that is coming in will go as a secondary storage with the file system. So you always keep your memory control, and you avoid this back pressure scenarios, because just imagine that what would happen if lucky or elastic is down on the other end. And you're still receiving data and you don't want to lose data. Right, you have to enable all these mechanisms. And I will say that Fluentbit are part of proof of dealing with back pressure. And we are pretty happy about that. We have to get really interesting feedback from different use cases. And I think that most of the default configuration will enable file system buffering is enough for general use cases. Now, pretty quickly, we're going to do a demo of how to deploy a Fluentbit and make a simple integration with the logist storage made by Grafana. So we're going to switch right now the camera. As part of this demo, we're going to deploy a simple pod that will generate some random messages, and then we're going to send all these messages out of the box into a lucky instance. So here on my computer, I'm running a mini cube, a Kubernetes single cluster. And as I say, we're going to deploy the first pod, which is just a dummy pod that generate apache logs messages. So we see it's already running so we can take a look at the logs. And you will see that we're generating a simple message per line, right, with the IP address, timestamp, and the other components of the HTTP request. That is fine. But right now, this is all running locally. So the next step, we're going to start up a lucky with Grafana with the whole stack. So we can access it and trying to connect the dots between the mini cube instance and also a Grafana. Since we are just starting, we can start exploring our data, but should be almost empty. So on the mini, we're getting back to the mini cube, we're going to deploy Fluentbit. The first step is we're going to deploy the contact map, which has all the relevant configuration. We're going to take a look at it pretty quickly. And the relevant part here is how we are collecting the logs. I mean, how we are shipping the logs to the lucky instance that is running locally. So it's pretty simple. We have the auto Kubernetes labels on so everything will be fine. Okay, so now we deploy the demon set, Fluentbit will be running as a demon set. So it will be able to take all the data from the node and then just back that into a Grafana. We're going to refresh here. We can go to the job. We're going to do a simple query using the job Fluentbit and just show up. So now we can see in Grafana that we have all these logs that are coming up from the main node. So if we click here, we will be able to see this is the job. And this is a log that is coming in from a mini cube, the stream, the timestamp and the nanoseconds. And now we're going to continue with that next part of the presentation and we're going to talk more about a stream processing and other capabilities. Okay, so after this demo, we're going to continue with the next part, which is called stream processing. I know you have heard this term a lot recently, but not in debugging actually maybe here familiar with Apache flame or Kafka, maybe this concept is pretty familiar with you. Stream processing as a concept is just the ability to process the data while the data is still in motion. It means that in generally cases, for example, you store your data and then you do analysis, right? That's a common pattern. But what about if while you get your data, you create a window in memory and you process the data by chance before to shift the data out. Actually, you can do many good things like distribute the data processing or get into this new market, which is called each computing or each processing. So this concept is really interesting. And in general, stream processing is made by events through networks with events through the works with events, every event can be a record. And if you have the notion that every record has at least the timestamp and the message. Like this example, we can do many things because take a look at this. This is mostly is a JSON map. I'm not saying that this is just with JSON. This is just a human readable representation. We have the concept for timestamp, a temperature as a key and values. So what about if we can do analysis over the different keys and values that is flowing through the loading agent, right? But also, if you think carefully, you will say, hey, my data is not always equal doesn't have the same structure. And that is fine, because that is what the ability for stream processing capabilities that do not enforce a fixed schema for the data. Right. It has a structure, but it's a schema list. So forget about the notion of like a database table where you have the right columns and all that stuff. Here, data is quite dynamic. But the good thing about stream processing is that you can process the data. It doesn't matter what the schema is, as far as it has some key and valid values, you can do whatever you want. And with stream processing, you can accomplish many things like fast data processing because you don't need tables indexing. Actually, you can process data before to send it out to a database or a cloud provider. I'm not saying that the stream processing is our replacement. I'm saying that stream processing is like a new way to optimize how do we take a look at our data and gather the insights. So how this works in our scenario. Initially, this is the common model that we have in the market. You have the hardware software, each one of them are generating events, right, go through the pipeline. Then you have a central stream processor. You process data and then you send data to the database or sometimes you process after the structure database. But when you have this stream processor, it's a you have to think that if you're going to create some processing rules, you need to have a query language to do key selection, key filtering, aggregation functions and so on. But what's the more important be able to do it in memory. Because if you're hitting to this, maybe you are not optimizing as much as you want. But every use case is different. I'm talking just about generic use cases. So if you think about that in the left side, we have the edge. The edge can be a Kubernetes node. And on the right side, we have the cloud environment. What we do usually in the every node model that we have is like as explained before, we have the login agent on the edge, process the logs, send it out to the stream processor or the database provider and then we get all our interesting results there. What we do also is that we do kind of some log in and extracts. What about if we make the stream processing capability as one more component of the login pipeline or stream processing on the edge. And taking this model, what we are going to propose a as a project and it's really good feedback about this is move all the stream processing capabilities to the same agent. You can be able to query all your data on the edge. You can do it on the edge. But this is quite optional. So the stream processor is quite powerful. And now we're going to jump into what is new about 1.6. And sorry, before I talk about that for stream processing, we're going to have more online talks in the community. We're going to share more details about that. And now getting back to this flow bed 1.6 was released two weeks ago and have really exciting news about this. The first one is that what are the new enterprise connectors? Enterprise connectors are a connectors that we create for enterprise services, maybe in a partnership with these companies. In this case with Microsoft, with profanity and with AWS. Actually, many companies are contributing back to flow bed nowadays. And look, the previous growing a lot. And I think that if you're looking at this conference at the moment, at this session is because you're interested more on this too. As part of filters, and as part also of the stream processing with what was thinking what how we can innovate on this what we can do differently, how we can improve data processing. And well, I don't just contribute it back and you feel that to deploy tens of flow models on fluid bed. This is quite powerful. This is not about training machine learning models. It's about how to do all the difference and put a model when there's flowing and trigger some action. If the data is flowing, it makes a match or not with a with a model deployed. So there are many use cases that we're going to explore in the future with machine learning without getting too intensive in like for example, training. This is just about the point models. And at the last month, we are hitting more than 170 million deployments as of this year. And this year has not finished yet. So this is really important to see how our destruction. I'm not saying that in general as a community, we have 170 million users. But of course, this is a fraction of unique environments that are continuously using fluid bed, but also growing in the number of nodes that this cluster has. So we are hitting a great adoption since the break started. As an enterprise option, also, we are really happy to have all this electric, the top three providers using and contributing back to fluid bed. And I'm talking about Amazon, Google Cloud and Microsoft. Also, Digital Ocean is being supported by fluid bed, one of the new offers for applications. And every service is using fluid bed behind the scenes, but also many customers of these companies that you are seeing here are using fluid bed. So in general, the synergy between as a community of end users, companies and developers is creating a great value for everybody. So in fluid bed, it's been in the loop by open telemetry. As my trainers, we are talking with continuous conversation with the open telemetry team to see how fluid bed can fit on this specific observability new space. I think it's been very good right now at metrics and traces, but the missing part is still lost. And that's where we are working today to try to bring dynamic solution that solve most of the problem for the observability agent perspective. Well, the presentation has just finished, but now we have some minutes for questions. We will be really happy if you can make some questions, tell us about if you are using fluid bed or not. We have the chat available. So please make sure to write your question, we will be really happy to answer all your questions. Well, thanks so much for coming and I hope you enjoy the conference.

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August 24th, The Trader's Edge with Steve Rhodes on TFNN - 2023

With over 150 years of combined trading experience, TFNN is the absolute authority in Technical Market Analysis. Join our hosts EVERY TRADING DAY from 9:00AM until 4:00PM ET for LIVE market updates, chart analysis, and trading advice. https://www.youtube.com/user/tfnncorp/live 9:06 'The Morning Market Kickoff' with Tommy O’Brien 10:06 'The Tiger Technician’s Hour' with Basil Chapman 11:00 'The Trader's Edge' with Steve Rhodes 1:06 'Trade What You See' with Larry Pesavento 3:06 The Tom O’Brien Show News Updates at the top of each hour. Our hosts will answer your questions LIVE ON AIR! To ask a question call our listener line at 1-877-927-6648. Want to learn more? All of our hosts detail their trade recommendations and observations on the market in their powerful newsletters. You can see all of our newsletters on our website at https://tfnn.com/collections/trading TFNN also offers several powerful trading programs and educational webinars which you can view on our website at https://tfnn.com/collections/services You can get Tom O'Brien's Book, The Art of Timing the Trade on Amazon. https://www.amazon.com/Timing-Ultimate-Trading-Mastery-System/dp/0976352915/ Have a hunch? Get powerful results with 2x and 3x Leveraged ETF's from Direxion. https://www.direxion.com/ Want to take your trading to the next level? Check out TD Ameritrade's powerful trading platform over at https://www.tdameritrade.com/ Like us on Facebook! https://www.facebook.com/tfnn1/ Follow us on Twitter! https://www.twitter.com/tfnn/

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The following is a presentation of TFNN. The Trader's Edge with Steve Rhodes. All now toll free at 1-877-927-6648 or internationally at 727-873-7618. The Trader's Edge. Now, Steve Rhodes. Good morning, folks. Welcome to the August 24th, the terrific Thursday edition of today's Trader's Edge show. I'm your host, Steve Perseverance Rhodes, who absolutely knows that each of us should always be pioneers of our future versus prisoners of our past. Hope everyone out there is having a great day. Let's make sure we have an extraordinary one. Now, the easiest way to do that, well, it's to always remember that life is happening for us, not to us. That's right. When you and I make that one little two-by-four shift, well, it means we can find the gift in every set of circumstances that life is going to toss at us. Now, today, you and I, we're going to go check on the circumstance of these markets. We'll go figure out what those bulls and bears, what those buyers and sellers are communicating to you and I at just past 11 o'clock in the morning. I want you to know I'm absolutely grateful for your presence here, but even more important than that. And that's this. During this next 53 minutes, I am here to serve you. So feel free to pick up that phone. We'd love to hear from you. 877-927-6648. That's the number you call in on. Now, if you've got a question but you can't call in, you can always send me an email. Send that up early and send that to Steve at tfnn.com. And inside the subject heading, please put radio show question. Now, if you're inside our Tigers Den, well, then any and every ping will do. So let's go ahead and get this show started on terrific Thursday. Of course, this is Tiger Financial News Network. I'm Steve Rhodes. Welcome to the show. We've got a sea of red out there. All the U.S. industries trading in the downside. The biggest move is a 2% move in the semis. They're trading down 72 points. The Dow is off 126.4 tents. 6 tents were sent for the S&P or 26 points, 184 for the Nasdaq 100. Gold is up 90 cents with silver being down 9. Penny's lights recruiters off 29 cents. Natural gas is up 7. 30 Treasuries down 5. Ticks tradeout at 120.02. Lady the charge dollar wise. The upside it is Splunk. SPLK, it's up 13%. 13 bucks. One and a half percent move for Equinix. That's a $7.11 move there. Bin fast auto up 8 bucks or 20%. Autodesk of 7 bucks, 3%. And a gas ink of $5. That's a nice 28% move to the downside. Asimil holdings down 3.6%, 25 bucks. Netflix off 18, super micro computer. 6% move, $17 Rooney's. Monolithic power system, 16 bucks, 3%. $15 for Brilliance and stores, nearly 9%. Plus percent out there. So let's go take a look at what you want to look at. I don't know what you want to look at, but we're going to go take a look at. Let's do like we have been lately. Let's start taking a look at where we at Market Breath. Let's look at the 30 minute Market Breath signals here. We are taking a look at the S&P 500. 56 above, 309 below. Very negative Market Breath for the 30 minute time frame. We'll just park that. And as we take a look at intraday charts, we'll want to remember that. In the case of the NASDAQ, four above, 78 below. So this is really, now that's to an extreme level out there. Typically you get to those extremes. We see some kind of snapback, but what we know about the 30 minute time frame, it is bearish across the board, ES mini and S&P. Different story when we take a look at a 60 minute time frame, bullish for the 60, bullish for the 240, bearish for the daily and weekly inside the S&P 500. What's that say? Choppy markets. What have we seen so far today? Pretty choppy market. So that condition should remain. If we take a look at the NDX100, bearish on the 30, bullish on the 60, the 240, the daily, and so close on the weekly. When I say so close on the weekly, 27 above, 28 below. So it's basically got one instrument that can get back above the bottom of its daily profile or another instrument to trade above the top of its daily profile. And then you'd be bullish across the board for the NQ out there. So Stevie likes to say something to think about. Well, instead of thinking about it, let's go take a look at it. Let's try to figure out what's really going on out here. And let's do that by taking a look at the change panels here. And let's start by looking at the NQ. Since that one has only a bearish crossover in the 30-minute timeframe, at least at this moment in time. Let's go take a look at its 30-minute chart out here. See if there's any kind of signals whatsoever. So as we take a look at the 30-minute timeframe chart, we'll see this top last night about 4.30. The actual confirming signal came through at 4 o'clock. I take that back to 4 o'clock. We had a confirmed top inside the NQ. That was at Rhodes Momentum Indicator Top. What's transpired was we opened up the market here at 9.30. We crushed through its breakout level of support. Its breakout area of support is $14,957. We're in bar number seven. So ideally, what price we'll do is we'll get down towards that $14,957 level and form a TD-9 count bottom. The earliest that that could happen is a 30-minute timeframe chart. So we're at bar number seven at noon. We've got bar number eight. So between noon and one is what I'd be looking for in the 30-minute timeframe for the NQ to see if it has completed a TD-9 count bottom pattern and preferably near that 14, where was that, where the 30-minute chart go? Sorry. 14,957 area is a place to look. As I look at the other intraday charts out here, 10-minute negated a TD-9 count bottom. So that suggests that push-low. Well, the 60-minute is going to complete a TD-9 count bottom at noon. So that's interesting. We should have bar number eight. Likely to have bar number eight. Well, I don't know if we will or we won't under 30 minutes. So watch the 30 and the 60 for signals out here. Is there anything else that Stevie sees? Look, we had tops all across the board that came in, you know, in that this morning, whether it's the five-hour chart, the four-hour chart, the two-hour chart out here. And so now we're watching as these other areas of support. But I would say in the NQ, paying attention to 30, well, to pay 10, 15, 30, and 60-minute charts are those intraday charts that I would be focused on. Let's go see what the ES mini has to offer us. See what, if it's giving us any kind. Oh, she's need to put in the month on the contract. Otherwise, we get blank stuff. Now I've got to wait for this to populate. Okay. So, okay, let's see if we can get this going here. Sorry about that, folks. Are we going? September? Nope, that's not going to work. Here we go. Okay. So in a moment, we'll get the ES mini charts. Want to see if there's any kind of synergy here in the 60-minute and the 30-minute specifically. See if there's any kind of bottom signals. If a market is going to form some kind of bottom, you prefer to see it taking place on all of those intraday charts for the equity futures for that same timeframe. Do we always get that? We do not. But when we do get it, that's a nice thing. So now as these charts here populate, we're just looking to see where we're at stage-wise. No, we're not even near a TD-9 count bottom on a 60-minute ES, but the 30-minute. So the 30-minute is we're in bar number seven, much like we were on the NQ. We know that it is bearish from a TAS market profile standpoint. So odds favorite getting back to that 440275 level out there. So pay attention to the 60-minute and the 30-minute on the NQ and the ES pay attention to the 30-minute chart out there. What happens if 440275 fails? You've got support down at 439950 as well. That's coming from the two-hour timeframe chart. So that's what's going on. We take a look at the ES and we take a look at the NQ. As long as we're here, let's go take a look at what's going on inside that US dollar index. As we mentioned, prices trying to break above the US dollar, that is, trying to break above the top of its TD-9 count pattern. Now that TD-9 count pattern would be negated with a close above 103.62. We're trading right now 103.66, although I do have a 10-minute delay. These are the three currency pairs that make up the 80% or the majority of the US dollar index. The euro completed a TD-9 count bottom yesterday. Now if price closes below that low, that low, folks, is 1.0802. That's going to suggest a further move lower and that will make the US dollar index continue to move higher. Steve Rhodes with TFNN. We'll be right back. 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For all the details and to start your 30-day Tiger Forex report subscription today, visit the front page of TFNN.com. TFNN Educating Investors. You might think that if you want to be successful at trading in the stock market, you're going to need a crystal ball. After all, it's impossible to predict the future, right? Like any endeavor in life, before you decide it's impossible, get some advice from the experts. You might find that it's not so impossible after all. For daily market overviews that give you direction on key indices, selective stocks, and commodities, subscribe to the Opening Call newsletter at TFNN.com. The Opening Call newsletter is written by Basil Chapman, creator of the trading methodology known as the Chapman Wave. The Chapman Wave up-down sequence gives you an edge in identifying price turns. Finding the peaks and valleys in stock prices, get the Opening Call newsletter by Basil Chapman and your inbox every day. First-time subscribers also get a 30-day money-back guarantee. If you're not satisfied, let us know and you'll get a full refund within 30 days of signing up. Steve Rhodes started his trading career as a student almost 20 years ago and the student has now become the master. Steve won the prestigious Timer of the Year award in 2018 and barely missed that mark again in 2019, finishing at number two for the year, an amazing accomplishment. Steve Rhodes is committed to sharing his techniques and knowledge with anyone who wants to learn and he shares his vast amount of trading knowledge every day in his Mastering Probability newsletter. Steve's award-winning newsletter, Mastering Probability, is delivered every trading day with updates throughout the afternoon. Sign up for Steve's Market newsletter, Mastering Probability, and you'll receive access to 7 of Steve's educational webinars absolutely free. At TFNN, all our newsletters come with a 30-day money-back guarantee, so you have absolutely nothing to worry about. Visit TFNN.com and try Mastering Probability 30 Days Risk-Free Today. TFNN, Educating Investors. Welcome back, folks. You've got all the U.S. equity markets trading to the downside. You've got the Dow that's trading off about 131 points, S&Ps down 24, NASDAQ 100 down 178. Jesus, I put the wrong thing up here. Let me change this. Sorry about that. Just give me a moment. And what I'm going to do here is, there's a question that came in, and even though an essence already covered it, the charts will really kind of make the point. And so, if you give me just a moment here, let me get this template set up properly. So, let me get my 30-minute. What did I hear? Where's it all 30? All 30. There we go. Okay. So, there was a question that came in inside the tiger's den. I think it came in from Roger, maybe. Roger, I think, was asking. He was asking about inter-day levels in the spy, which I've got over here on the left-hand side. Let me make sure I'm on the right screen. Yeah, I am. Okay. So, two 30-minute charts out here. The one's the spy, the other is the ES-mini. And as you were listening to me go through the markets, the ES and the NQ, what I was suggesting is that, we may get a 30-minute. Because of market breadth, we may get a 30-minute TD9 count bottom. You can see we're in bar number seven. Now, here we've got the spy over there. If I was going to use TD9 counts on the spy, not that they're not valid, but we've got an underlying instrument here that's really going to provide us with the information that we need, and that's the ES-mini chart. So, if you are trading the spies intraday, I'm not saying you need to trade the futures. What I'm saying is you must get access to the futures to take a look at the patterns that are going on there. You will improve your trading if you do that. The whole idea of using the futures contracts, because when you listen to this show, it's really all about patterns. It's either going to be a TD9 count, rogment to indicator top, an A to B equal CD pattern. Might be wave number seven, like letter G, that you can see up at the top in the spies out there. But when that letter G took place out here inside the spy, let's take a look at what was that time? That was at the close yesterday. That was at 10th. It was at 10.30 this morning out here. But we already had a TD9 count top that form inside the equity futures. That was never really touched out there, so it was really giving you the signal. So, what you want to do, Roger, you ask for the information in the spy, which says that you've got TD9 count, breakout support at 439.10, and profile support at 439.61. But no bottoming signal. I mean, you're only in bar number three right here. So, focus and pay attention to what's going on inside the equity futures contract. That's what you really want to take your signals from. And then you can go ahead and execute the long trade inside the spy or whatever other instrument it is that you might trade for that. So, I do hope that that helps you. I just wanted to kind of show you that, if you hear me say that oftentimes, somebody will say, hey, let's go take a look at the UNG. And absolutely, let's take a look at the UNG. Nobody's asked that question. Let's go do that. But in order to take a look at the UNG, what is DB really going to do? We're not going to look at the UNG. We're going to take a look at natural gas. So, let's put the natural gas charts up on our screen. What do we know about natural gas in the rally that took place out here? Well, the first thing we know, if we take a look at the 60 and the 120-minute timeframe chart, we can understand right into TD9 count breakdown resistance at $2.67. So, is natural gas proving itself to us at this stage here? No. Heck no. All it's proven itself to us is, one, that it rejected a prior swing plan on the daily timeframe, and two, that we're rallied into is resistance. We take a look at that hourly in that two-hour timeframe chart. Didn't get up to on the 240, didn't get up for any kind of resistance up on the 240, or the five-hour timeframe chart. So, natural gas has been a very frustrating instrument to trade out here. When we do take a look at the daily timeframe, it's very possible today we'll form possible, today we'll form bar number 8 of a TD9 count. In order to do that, price must close below $2.69, $2.691, but it's tomorrow's close that's going to be even more important. Let's assume bar number 8 completes today. Well, in order for the bar number 9 to complete, and you must have a bar number 9 completion, price is going to need to close below $2.743. So, you want to watch that. Now, even if we get that TD9 count bottom, what we also have to remember here, when we take a look at natural gas, is one, price is below its red oscillator and change lines. We have a falling price oscillator below zero, those are bearish conditions. Number two, price is trading below its bullish structure daily profile. That says now, that the level of resistance on a counter trend move, in order for this to prove itself that it's not a counter trend move, price must close above the center of that profile. At the present time, that's $2.83. Of course, profiles change. They could change tomorrow, and then we have a new set of data. But that's not the data that we've got right now. The data that we've got right now says $2.83 is a very key level of resistance. If price can close above that, then maybe we've got something out there. Of course, we need to see two consecutive closes above resistance. That would be the top of that profile as well, at $2.99. We would not get those same signals if I put up the UNG charts. But we would trade UNG based on what we see here. So what can we say about natural gas? Yeah, it was a nice little rally, but all it did was it ran right into where the sellers were at, and that we can see on the charts there. Nothing Stevie put up here. This is just simply a part of the TD9 count system, something that you definitely want to learn about. So I hope that helped out for somebody who might be interested in natural gas. Let's go to our actual first request out here. We're coming in from Nicholas, and Nicholas wants to take a look at SEE. So let's get over to those charts here, and his question is has it bottomed? So let's pull up the charts out there. Let's see what kind of signals we get. We take a look at the daily, the weekly, and the monthly. And if I were to ask you this question, has SEE bottomed? And let me restate it. Has it bottomed for its daily timeframe? And if it has, what's the bottom pattern? But you can see it. The TD9 count bottom, that pattern completed yesterday. That says that you can take a long position inside SEE, Nicholas. You would close out that position if price closed below the TD9 count bottom. That's at 3382. So 3382 is going to be a key level. What should transpire here with regard to SEE is price should make its way up to the oscillator and change line. However, what we can see is there's a new profile that formed yesterday. And that new profile has got resistance at the 30504, I'm sorry, 30508 level, or trade at 30504. Price needs to close above 3508 in order to suggest that it's going to go ahead and make that move at least up to the oscillator and change line at about the $36 level. So the daily's got a bottom. Where would you buy this if price can't close above the top of that profile? Well, I would say instead of buying it now, right up at resistance, you'd buy it at support. And that would be around 3424, the bottom of its profile. We're looking for somewhere between 3424, 3466 out there. Now, if we take a look at SEE, this is going to be, it looks like this is going to be day number three of consecutive moves higher, closes higher, I should say. And if we take a look at this, it does sometimes rally for four or five, six sessions out there. That seems to be the max. But I see a lot of twos and threes out there. So this suggesting that if resistance holds Nicholas, that you should be able to take a long position based on the daily patterns out there, you should get a one or two-day retracement on that. I don't have anything that says that's going to start right now, but that's what I would be looking for. If I were you have price close above that, whether you know it's going to go tackle at $35.99 level. When we look at the weekly chart, we don't have a bottoming pattern. We've got a Roadsmen Dominicator signal that's been triggered, but that's a bullish reversal candle. We're not going to see that this week. On a monthly basis, what this is telling us is that it wants to head lower. It says it wants to get down to the 29-36 level. So the daily, yes, it's got a bottom. But it hasn't proven itself to you. It really can't prove itself to you until it gets about $35.98. If it does that, we could or should see it move up to the $39.78 level. So Nicholas, I hope that helps you out. We get back to this break for G-Motion. We're going to look at the semis, SMH for John C. We're going to look at the regional banking sector. And Mr. Bill wants to need overnight spy numbers. He does trade. Yeah, I know that. But I don't have the overnight data in the system. Steve Roads with TFNN. We'll be right back. TFNN has just launched their new trading room, the Tiger's Den. Hosted at Discord, TFNN has been educating traders for more than 20 years with live programming hosted by a variety of professional traders during market hours. And now they are expanding their reach with the Tiger's Den. 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We're going to go take a look at the SMH for G-Motion inside the Tigers Den. We take a look at the SMH as here's what we know. Nice move mostly because of NVIDIA and overnight hours and certainly this morning. But what we can say about the SMH is that resistance is held and the resistance is the top of its barest structured daily profile and that number is 154.24. Now price right now is trading back below its green oscillator and change line. If it closed below 151.18, the SMH will tell us that they had lost this momentum and that price might get back to retest support and support here would be 146.17. On a weekly timeframe, we have price trading with inside is profile levels. The profile levels range from 147.55 up to 161.17. On a monthly timeframe, depending on how we close the month, we could get another rogement and indicator top and a prior rogement and indicator top out there. Of course, that prior one was negated. Now, if we do get a bearish reversal candle at month's end, what price should do is get back and test its oscillator and change around 142 and change out there. Now the SMH is on a 30 minute timeframe as we dive down into it. We'll see you've got a rogement and indicator signal. We have price below profile and this would suggest that where price wants to go target is the 148.86 level. That is its breakout area on a 30 minute timeframe for the SMH's. So in summary, the SMH's and in fact, I'm going to do this here. Ignore the profile levels that you'll see. The SMH's show a clear TD9 count bottom pattern. Let's go take a look at the socks out here. Let's go take a look at the actual indices. The indices doesn't take into consideration distributions, dividends, things of that sort. So it's a more pure way of looking at what's going on. In this case here, the indices, and you'll see that in the case of the semis they negated their TD9 count bottom. So I'm going to say the SMH's, the semiconductor do not have a valid bottoming signal, a valid bottoming pattern here. And instead we can see on an index basis, prices back below its red oscillator and change line to 3580. If that's the case and it rains and closes below that today, odds favor the semis are going to make a move back to the swing point, the lower swing point, the one from the trading day of August 18th. And if it takes that out, you're going to see a gigantic A to B equal CD to the downside. Stevo, is that even possible? Well, if you look at the weekly time frame chart, it doesn't say it's possible. It says it's going to happen. Wait a minute here, Stevie. How can you say that? Well, first you've got a Rhodes-Mittemindicator top. You've got a Wave Number 7 top out there. So you've got two tops. The two tops make it better than one. No, it just makes it two tops instead of the four tops. Just kidding. What we can see is transpired now today. So that move higher in the semis got the weekly price to get up and test and reject that oscillator and change line. The key level for the semis, if they are really going to move lower, it's going to be a close below the bottom of its weekly profile. And then there's a 35, 27, 73. We closed below it last week. If we close below it on Friday tomorrow, that is what's going to go ahead and trigger the A to B equal CD to the downside. Now, price still has to take off that swing point. So even though I'm saying it should or it could, you've got to still take out that low. That low, by the way, that we're looking at is that 3405, 34 level. On a monthly time frame we could get a, or we should get bar number 8 of a TD9 count. But that still is not the high of the pattern. So that's not going to really help us. But watch the daily and watch the weekly. A little bit tricky out there. If we just stayed on the SMH charts, what we wouldn't see is that we really have no bottoming pattern inside the semiconductor index. So we're going to take our P's and Q's in this one from the indices itself out here. So watch 3580 and change out there today. You close below it. The semis are likely headed lower. So G-motion, I hope that provided with the information that you were looking for. If not, let me know and I'll be happy to try to post that. Next question coming in from John C. wants to take a look at the regional banking sector. We're taking a look at the ETF here. The ETF shows a TD-9 count bottom. It also shows that what price did was it bounced right up into resistance and that's at the 44-41 level. John, price really needs to get back inside that profile. We are now two consecutive days. This could be three consecutive days below that level. It makes, even though it's got a TD-9 count bottom, the signal is really neutralized. So it's a neutral overall signal because price ran right up into resistance and rejected that resistance area. On a weekly timeframe, regional banking sector is trading below the bottom of its weekly profile. Last week, a close blow this week suggests you have a change in trend and that change in trend should take us back at least to the oscillator and change line. That would be $41.90. If we take a look at the monthly timeframe chart out here, we don't really have much. We've got an A to B equal CD to the downside, no bullish reversal candle out here, price trading back inside its profile levels, which ran from $37.60 to $46.84. So with regard to the regional banking sector, you've got a little bit of a rally that's going on. If we take a look at the typical Texas two-step out here, you'll see that today is likely to become bar number two of consecutive moves higher. Very likely, the regional banking sector heads lower tomorrow or it heads lower on Monday. Not too likely that this will exceed a three-bar continuous rally and I would say at this stage of the game, unless it closes back inside its daily profile, that is a likely outcome that today sets up the next, at least short-term, top for the regional banking sector. So I hope that that helped you out, John, and I think there was a question. What was the question here? Disney. G-Man wanted to take a look at Disney. That's what it is. I just simply forgot to write it down. So DIS and the ticker symbol. Let's take a look at Disney's looking pretty horrible. We're down below daily profiles. We're down below red-acid and change line. We're down below its bottoming pattern, so it's negating that. It's on a weekly base. We're down below a hammer candle. That hammer candle was a swing low. That swing low was back on December 30th. The volume there was 60 million shares. How do you gauge, you know, Christmas volume versus this volume? Well, this volume should at least be larger. It's not. It's only about, take that back, it is. No, it's not. It's 38 million shares as we speak. But Disney, trading below last month's swing low out there is low of last month's session. Boy, that is not good. So how are we going to figure out what Disney is doing? Where it's going? Let's open up this weekly chart. Let's see what else we can find out here. So on a weekly time frame, it's trading back into a swing point from back in March of 2020. How about that? Disney's made it all the way back to March of 2020. Now that swing point on a weekly base is 169 million shares. So we know we're coming into it with light volume. But as long as price closes below that, and that's likely to happen. In fact, it closed well last week in several weeks. Odd's favorite price, because we're trading inside here, wants to go tackle that. So I would say the next area, the next target for Disney is around 7907. That's that bottom of that March 20 weekly swing point that is out there. And that's what it looks like Disney is doing. If I look at a short-term time frame chart, which we'll do here momentarily, this is the 30 minute. What we will notice is Disney is going to form number eight here at 12 noon. So what Disney should do on an intraday basis, it should form a TD9 account bottom by 1 p.m. And then we should see a rally. Now there's no profile here that I would point out to you. The rally at this stage here should take us up towards that Oslo Dern Change Line, currently printed about $84.96. So watch Disney's price action as we get towards that one o'clock time frame. Now, if you are trading Disney identify the low of the day as you get to one p.m. Price closer below that low, that tells you if we're headed south, or it's headed south. See you bro, it's when TFN will be right back. You might think that if you want to be successful at trading in the stock market, you're going to need a crystal ball. After all it's impossible to predict the future, right? Like any endeavor in life, before you decide it's impossible, get some advice from the experts. You might find that it's not so impossible after all. For daily market overviews that give you direction on the key indices, selective stocks, and commodities, subscribe to the Opening Call newsletter at TFNN.com The Opening Call newsletter is written by Basil Chapman, creator of the trading methodology known as the Chapman Wave. The Chapman Wave up-down sequence gives you an edge in identifying price turns, finding the peaks and valleys in stock prices. Get the Opening Call newsletter by Basil Chapman and your inbox every day. First-time subscribers also get a 30-day money-back guarantee. If you're not satisfied, let us know and you'll get a full refund within 30 days of signing up. TFNN.com Educating Investors Everything in the Universe is governed by the Fibonacci sequence. This mathematical principle is responsible for everything from the most aesthetically pleasing artwork to patterns in the stock market. To stay on top of stock patterns you can take advantage of, sign up for the Fibonacci 24-7 newsletter at TFNN.com When you subscribe, you'll get a weekly report from veteran day trader Larry Pesavento on stocks you need to pay attention to. And you can trust Larry's analysis. After all, he's got 45 years' experience as a day trader. Larry will also provide daily charts, videos, and data on the key markets that he's tracking. Expect notifications from Larry on market movement you need to act on at any time. First-time subscribers also get a 30-day money-back guarantee. If you're not satisfied, let us know and you'll get a full refund within 30 days of signing up. Subscribe to the Fibonacci 24-7 newsletter today TFNN.com Educating Investors Are China A shares hot or not? If you trade China A shares now may be time to take a closer look. Trade CHAU or CHAD Directions Daily CSI 300 China A share bull and bear ETFs China A shares in either direction. Visit directioninvestments.com today. An investor should consider the investment objectives, risks, charges, and expenses of the direction shares carefully before investing. The prospectus and summary prospectus contain this and other information about direction shares. To obtain a prospectus or summary prospectus, please contact us at 866-476-7523. The prospectus or summary prospectus should be read carefully before investing. An investment in the funds is subject to risk, including the possible loss of principal. The funds are designed to be utilized only by sophisticated investors such as traders and active investors. Distributor, 4-Side Fund Services, LLC. This program is brought to you by Vistagold. Traded on the NYSE American and TSX under the symbol VGZ. Let's take a look at NVIDIA. Question is, is this going to go red today? Let's take a look at the charts of your friend, Vity. Let's look at the 30-minute timeframe chart first. Let me pull that over and see what we've got out here. We've got the nice rally. They have nice numbers on a 30-minute basis. Negated, it's TD-9 count top. Right now, we're just looking at the intraday charts here, John. You can see that I don't have a but I do have a topping pen. I'm going to indicate our top. We've got to first watch the levels of support. Right now, on a 30-minute base, you can see the prices testing one of those. It's testing the green oscillator and change line. The green oscillator and change line tells us a couple of things. One, it tells us the price oscillator is above zero, and when price is above that, it tells us we have a rising price oscillator above zero. Those are bullish conditions. Even though you've got a topping, confirmed topping signal out here, the overall would be neutral. You have a rising price oscillator above zero and you're trading above the resistance of its profile levels. Now, what happens if price gets back below $477.40 out here? Then, price should go target in support areas. $469.08, $465.68, $464.70, and $465.58 would be the levels to be watching for. Is it going to go red today? Well, I don't know the answer to that question, but you'll know the answer to that question. Now, price deals with those support levels. Right now, on a 30-minute basis, it's saying no. Price just made its way back to support. Now, on a weekly timeframe out here, they close this week above the high from July 14th, 480.88, that would negate its roads meant to mitigate our top, and that would suggest a further rally. We can see on a monthly basis that a TD9 count top is likely to form between now, August and October. That's a significant top that could form or should form inside of NVIDIA. Typically, when you form bar 8, 90% of the time, it'll go on and form bar number 9 out there, but we're going to have to come back to that next month. Still a little bit too early to make that call, but will it go red today? It's not giving you that signal right now. Watch those 30-minute support levels out there. That'll answer that question, and thanks so much for the request. Let's go out to Newport Beach and speak with us. Thanks for holding. How are you today? I'm very good. How about you, sir? I am doing excellent. Thanks so much for calling. Always good to hear your voice and square. You're still in the square trade, or what are you doing square, and how can I best help you? No, I'm just waiting. I'm just waiting. I need your value prices on square on the daily. And the daily, it shows me four days for one, two, three, four, four to five days as building base here at this point. Yes. Between 55 and 57. Yes. Here, the daily chart tells me that the turning point and going bull is going to be on it's going to be on $58.87 where candle will hit the upper dot of the star. From that point the trend will change. But when I look at the weekly chart the weekly chart it has only three dots at the very top. So the candle is far away from the five day moving average. Yes, I do. The candle has to go above the five day moving average to become a new uptrend even though if the dots are higher than the candle on the weekly. But even the candle is far away from the five day and the dots are far away from five days. But if it goes like so on the daily chart this week, today or tomorrow not today but probably tomorrow or Monday will turn the trend it will hit that 58, 87 if it won't go any lower than this. I want to see what are your numbers there. Sure, perfect, perfect. So that's great, Garo. So thank you. So I do have your charts up on the screen folks if you are paying attention watching us on Tiger TV or inside the Tigers Den the charts that you're looking at are the tools that Garo uses and when he's referring to dots he's referring to the parabolic SAR program out there by J Wells Wilder. So it's a great tool. Garo is a master of it. And unfortunately our dots sometimes differ with regard to price. In fact I always do. I don't know why. But Garo, I want to ask you a question. So you gave us a price point of where your dot is at. Mine's at 5806 yours is a little bit higher than that. But when price hits that dot you also said on the weekly chart price has got to at least close above that five day simple moving average which is at the 69, 50, I'm sorry it is at the 63 level right now. No, 58, 87. 58, 87 is your dot on the daily right? Yes. On the daily, on the daily the upper dot is 58, 87 that's when the candle hits that spot at that dot the dot will go down and from there on the trend will change. From that on the charts are going to cover it and from there I won't say that from there it's going to shoot up to 70 or 80 dollars. But from that time that moment of 58, 87 the trend will go long from that from that point. Yes and so my question to you if you get that signal but on the weekly chart you're still below the five day simple moving average which right now is priced at about 63 bucks. What would you do? Do you wait? Yeah, that's it you see that contradicts each other if the daily chart goes bull the weekly chart still is a bear. Yes. The only time the weekly chart goes bull when the candle goes above the five day if the dots are above the candle it doesn't matter. But in time when the candle goes above the five day and it gets green and green and the next day green and other green eventually that candle will intercept with the upper dot of the weekly. From there on you just load the truck and you go on and you go long and long. But on a daily chart if it goes like sure I don't want to reiterate what I said. Maybe tomorrow or Monday this is going to be going to change the trend. Okay so let me give you the numbers that you're looking for. So the numbers that you're looking for on my system I switched over to the white background charts. I can share with you that you also have resistance at 5854. 5854 is the top of its daily profile. 587 Yes on my chart though what I want to share with you. I'm sorry I'm sorry. So the top of its daily profile is at 5854. So that is a battleground in fact the battleground area because this is a barestructured daily profile is between 57 5759 and 5854 that is where the sellers reside. What this would say is a price can close about 5854 for two consecutive sessions that will then give us the bullish signal or at least a change in trend out there for the daily time frame. My charts like yours on the weekly basis say this might want lower price. The reason that I say that is that this form day TD 9 count top on the weekly time frame and last week price pulled back and it closed just below it's break on the lowest 5778 that should have held the support. The question is this a one week wonder or not well we're still trading below 5778 this is telling me that if we get a close below 55 let me see here 5568 we could be looking at we could be looking at 4233 do me a favor girl just hold on through this break I want to come back make sure I've answered all your questions that's Garo in Newport Beach, California Steve Rhodes here we'll be right back folks. If you're looking for potential trading setups in the stock market then Rocket Equities & Options report is a newsletter you should try. Tommy O'Brien delivers options and equity trades when the markets present them using a combination of fundamentals and technicals. Sign up for Rocket Equities & Options report today with a 30 day money back guarantee so you have nothing to risk. For all the details and to start your subscription today visit the front page of TFNN.com TFNN Educating Investors You might think that if you want to be successful at trading in the stock market you're going to need a crystal ball. After all it's impossible to predict the future, right? Like any endeavor in life before you decide it's impossible get some advice from the experts you might find that it's not so impossible after all. For daily market overviews that give you direction on the key indices, selective stocks and commodities, subscribe to the opening call newsletter at TFNN.com The opening call newsletter is written by Basil Chapman, creator of the trading methodology known as the Chapman Wave. The Chapman Wave up-down sequence gives you an edge in identifying price turns, finding the peaks and valleys in stock prices. Get the opening call newsletter by Basil Chapman in your inbox every day. First time subscribers also get a 30 day money back guarantee. If you're not satisfied, let us know and you'll get a full refund within 30 days of signing up. TFNN.com Educating investors Everything in the universe is governed by the Fibonacci sequence. This mathematical principle is responsible for everything from the most aesthetically pleasing artwork to patterns in the stock market. To stay on top of stock patterns you can take advantage of, sign up for the Fibonacci 24-7 newsletter at TFNN.com When you subscribe, you'll get a weekly report from veteran day trader Larry Pezzavento on stocks you need to pay attention to, and you can trust Larry's analysis. After all he's got 45 years experience as a day trader. Larry will also provide daily charts, videos and data on the key markets that he's tracking. Expect notifications from Larry on market movement you need to act on at any time. First time subscribers also get a 30 day money back guarantee. If you're not satisfied, let us know and you'll get full refund within 30 days of signing up. Subscribe to the Fibonacci 24-7 newsletter today. TFNN.com Educating Investors When you join our community of traders sign up today and become a part of this educational community of traders just visit the front page of TFNN.com Folks, we're on the line with Garo in Newport Beach, California where take a look at the ticker symbol SQ square. I'm trying to get a different screen up on my system and wow won't let me do that so how am I going to do this? Garo, let me tell you what it's doing let me describe to you what it's doing out here what square is doing it's testing and now you don't use volume so that's why I want to go ahead and add what is doing from that perspective for you and there's a swing point that swing point low that formed in May 15th and that May 15th swing point had volume of 9.4 million shares. We are trading with inside that swing point as it's been moving sideways we pretty much have been trading inside that swing point to give you an idea when that level was tested that was on August 18th and that was tested with 9.8 million shares when you test a swing point with more volume and typically want to test it again that's what's going on over the last couple of days out here today's volume so far is 3.2 million shares so we could be another 9 million share a day out here but here's what I would suggest and that is a price close below 55 I want to give you a different number out here a price close below 5505 and it does with more than 9.4 million shares out there even though you don't use volume it will generate a confirmed A to B equal CD to the downside and this would be looking at the 4655 so one thing you and I can agree on is that not until price close above the 58 and change number mine is 5854 yours is 5880 ish out there let's just call it 59 right now not until price close above that will this have its bullish legs out there so I'd be watching that bottom I'd be watching 5505 what questions are unanswered that I can try to provide you the information for the next 30 minutes 30 seconds yeah no questions I don't see and I don't have 4665 at all in none of my charts so I wrote that number down in case if that doesn't do all the promises that it did today or tomorrow and it goes below that 55 and change then you go to 4665 then all my all my system and all my knowledge will go to 4665 start from scratch now we're not going to let that happen everybody go out there and buy square just kidding always great to speak to you folks stay tuned for all the great program we have lined up I'll be back with you tomorrow on fantastic Friday please have a terrific Thursday and be safe out there

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Donor Acquisition: How to Grow Your Nonprofit's Donor Base

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Hi everyone. It's just a few minutes before we get started and it looks like people are still logging on. So before we get to the starting point, I just wanted to take care of some housekeeping and make sure that you guys can all hear me and see my screen. So if you're able to hear me and see my screen, you should see the cover slide right now. Just let me know by typing yes into your questions box so that I know that everybody can hear and see me present presenting. Awesome. It looks like everybody can see and hear me, which is always good. So we'll just give everybody a few minutes to get logged in and then we'll get started. All right, so thanks everybody for joining me today. I'll go ahead and get started. Hello and thanks for joining me today for our webinar on donor acquisition. I'm Dikkar Hart and I'm the senior community engagement manager here at Mighty Cause. I've been with Mighty Cause since 2016. And in that time I've talked to a lot of nonprofits about their fundraising efforts and goals and the challenges they face. And I know that donor acquisition can be really the biggest hurdle for smaller nonprofits. So I'm really excited to dig into this topic today. And just as a bit of background on me and why I'm hosting this webinar, until I started working with Mighty Cause, I actually worked in the nonprofit sector, specifically in animal sheltering and animal welfare for nonprofits that were very big and you would recognize their names and also some smaller nonprofits. So I'm speaking from experience and since my background is in nonprofit marketing and communications, I really hope that I can blend that experience to give you some insights and tips that will help you get more supporters. And just so you know, I'm available to you. That's part of my job is working with nonprofits. So if you have a specific situation you need to talk through, you can always email me at Linda at Mighty Cause.com. Here is a look at today's agenda. We do have a lot of ground to cover since this is a pretty big topic. So I just want to make sure that you all know that I'll be taking questions at the end of the presentation. So if you think of something while I'm presenting, just go ahead and type that into the questions box of your go-to webinar panel. And I'll make sure that we make time for questions at the end of the presentation. All right, so since we've got a good sized crowd today and everyone comes from different backgrounds and levels of experience, I thought we'd start off with some donor acquisition 101 and make sure that we're all on the same page on the basics before we dive in deeper. The first thing we have to do when we talk about donor acquisition in any meaningful way is of course define it. Donor acquisition is a term that refers to efforts made by a nonprofit to attract and solicit new donors. There are a lot of ways to do this and different elements to donor acquisition, which we'll get into later on. This is just an umbrella term for the act of trying to onboard new donors and grow your donor base. There are a few connected terms you should become familiar with as we talk about donor acquisition as well. The first is what a conversion is. And a conversion in marketing terms basically means that a person you were targeting for a purpose did the thing you wanted them to do. So obviously for the purposes of donor acquisition, the conversion would be making their first donation. And with donor acquisition, that is the main goal. That's the main metric you want to consider is whether or not they converted, whether or not they made the donation. And later on the conversion will be making their second gift, making a recurring gift and so on as you work to steward these new donors. The other term that's important to know as we have this conversation is prospect donor acquisition is finding prospective donors and trying to get them to donate. And while sometimes see donor acquisition actually just called donor prospecting prospect can also refer to the process of finding new donors so it can be used as a verb as well as a noun. But for the purposes of this presentation a prospect is a potential donor whom you're trying to convert. And I want to just provide some general context to the state of donor acquisition across the nonprofit sector so you can sort of gauge where your nonprofit falls in the grand scheme of things. Your reports and numbers are kind of still trickling in at this point, but as of 2017 donor acquisition has been up, and that is a trend we've seen over the past five years or so donor acquisition has been strong and steady. New donors also account for the most growth in charitable giving across the nonprofit sector. And this is all great news, except that most of these donors are lost to attrition, meaning their gifts are lost and these donors are not being retained. Nonprofits in general are doing a really great job of getting new donors in the door, getting that first gift gift and then doing a rather lousy job of keeping them. So there's a little bit of a hamster will affect happening where nonprofits are getting new donors and then losing them so that they run out of new donors and then they run out and get more, which is to say that there's an important and close relationship between donor acquisition and donor retention which we'll talk about a little bit more further on, but these two things have to work together and either in order for either of them to work. And the last fact I wanted to share is that donor acquisition costs are typically higher than the lifetime value of each new donor. So donor acquisition, what that means is it's basically an expensive endeavor with a fairly low return. And this not to paint a dismal picture or make you feel like it's hopeless but just to put donor acquisition in the bigger picture of charitable giving. So how do donors actually acquire how do new nonprofits actually acquire new donors. So many nonprofits have a natural constituency, which would be for instance congregates at a church, alumni at a university adopters from animal shelters and rescues and so on. Basically nonprofits find easy donors and people they serve. So if you have a service based nonprofit you should have some people you can easily target to become donors, although of course this can be tricky for certain nonprofits because if you're a poverty relief organization. It's not exactly a great idea to start asking for donations from the people you serve because that's kind of antithetical to your mission. Another thing nonprofits, another thing nonprofits do to acquire new donors is purchase or rental lists. This is done through direct mail marketing companies typically and they will do the research for you and try to find people who have an affinity to your cause and make an attempt make the first attempt at converting them. This can be pretty effective but it's also generally pretty expensive so it's something midsize and large nonprofits might do, but small nonprofits can find that out of reach. Nonprofits can also use advertising which covers everything from Facebook ads and boosted Facebook posts to billboards, bus wraps, TV commercials, PSAs on the radio and so on. So that covers a lot of really large endeavors and a lot of smaller ones too. And nonprofits often acquire new donors through existing donors, which we're going to talk about a lot more later on in the presentation, but word of mouth and personal referrals can be a great source of new donors. Many nonprofits do targeting outreach, particularly with major gift donors and sponsors, which tends to be a longer process where you're cultivating a more intensive relationship. But in many cases targeted outreach can be as simple as calling a donor or emailing your constituents going door to door choosing a spot in your community to pass out information and meet people. And nonprofits also gains donors from simply being a presence in their communities, especially for nonprofits with local based causes. It's kind of a word of mouth effect. You where you serve the community you serve the people that other people know you're out there you have a recognizable brand, and your community knows who you are and where you are. For instance, in DC, there are some organizations that do harm reduction for people struggling with addiction and sex workers, and they have branded trucks, and they are just always present in certain spots handing things out, offering them their services meeting people they want to assist. And so they become pretty well known in their community in that way in particular without doing a lot of push through traditional advertising. And finally the media can help nonprofits bring in new donors. When people read a story about a nonprofit or a reporter covers a project of a nonprofits, it brings people in the door it gets them interested in what you're doing. So cultivating media relationships and placing stories is another huge way that nonprofits get new donors. Okay, so we're going to go back to this issue of donor prospecting. This is basically how you'll evaluate whether someone is a good prospect as a donor. First you'll want to look at access. Do you have a way to contact this person? Do you have permission to talk to this person or this group of people? This is a big concern with things like purchasing email lists, because often programs like MailChimp actually don't allow you to use their services to contact people whose information you've purchased. And obviously if you don't have a way to contact somebody or you don't have permission to contact somebody, then it's really not a good prospect for your nonprofit. Access is basically the bare minimum you need to even consider in order to consider somebody a prospect. The next thing you'll want to consider and that people who are engaging in donor prospecting need to consider is affinity. Does this person have a connection to your cause? Do they donate to similar nonprofits or at least have a common interest? For instance, if you're a cat rescue, having a cat or two would be a good sign of affinity. Or on the animal front, if you're a nonprofit, that does trap new to return for feral cats, but somebody donates to a bird conservation group, that would probably not be a good prospect because there's a lot of beef between feral cat advocates and bird advocates. So you just want to keep that kind of thing in mind. Is this person connected to my cause and are they likely to be interested in my cause? And to finally tune your prospects, the last thing you'll want to consider is capacity, which is basically a nicer way of saying wealth and whether or not they can afford to engage in charitable giving and if they can, to what extent can they give? Basically, this is where you'd want to separate major gift prospects and sponsorships, who can give in larger amounts from people who can afford to give it a lower level, which can change your strategy a little bit as you're thinking about how to reach out to these groups or these donors. Alright, and so when we're talking about prospecting donors, we're going to talk more about entry points and that's what this whole section of the presentation is about, which is kind of the nitty gritty of how new donors or how prospective donors actually get to your organization. So talking about entry points, the first thing you might ask is what are you even talking about? And an entry point is how a prospective donor finds out about your nonprofits work. It's basically the jumping off point in your relationship with them, the how do you do stage. An entry point can be physical like your lobby or digital like your website or your mighty cost page. And it is important to note that the entry point is not usually where you convert them, just like a store does not make a sale the moment someone walks in through the door. But just like getting people into your store is crucial to actually making sales of products. The entry point for prospective donors is also a really important and indispensable first step. So in the next few slides, we're going to go through where the most common entry points are for donors who are, you know, interacting with nonprofits. Okay, first step is your website. In the olden days, people would actually dig out the phone book call a nonprofit and request information. When this is actually true when I worked for a big nonprofit that's been around for decades and decades. I couldn't believe it how it used to work because we still had some of those old materials, but people would call and they'd request a pamphlet about a particular issue. And then they would wait for the pamphlet to arrive in the mail. But obviously we don't do that anymore because it's been made a lot easier to get information about a cause or a nonprofit. You just Google them and find your website. So that's most commonly how people will find their way to your website is from Google or another search engine like Bing. But they may also find your website through links on social media links from media outlets links from people they know, like if you're looking if they were looking for help with something and you provided a friend. And they gave the link to your website that would be one way they could get to your website or paid ads. Another possibility is if you have a Google grant, they may have seen a paid ad on a search engine page. And one important thing to note here is that nowadays most of this information seeking process happens on a mobile device. Most people are on their smartphones when they're at this point of looking for more information. So we'll discuss why that's important to know in just a few moments. Another common entry point is just being part of your community as we just talked about a few moments ago. So a great way to meet people in your community and let them know about your nonprofit is through community events, whether you're tabling at an existing event or hosting your own event. And just general presence in your community is an important entry point, having signs that point people to where you're located, having signage outside of your location that clearly states who you are and what kind of work you do. And also being a presence in local media, getting featured on local news segments, morning news is a great way to break into this and build those media relationships. Being willing and available to speak to the media about your area of work, writing op-eds and so on. And word of mouth is a big part of the community aspect of donor acquisition too. For instance, if you're an animal rescue and someone who has passed your rescue's brick and mortar location and saw some wine and wags events, has a friend who's looking to adopt a dog, they might tell their friend, hey, I pass by this rescue on my work all the time, why not see if they might have a dog that you can adopt. So just being visible and present in your community is important to providing lots of pathways for people in your community to find out about your work. Events are another way people can get introduced to your nonprofit. We did just mention community events, but on this slide I'm talking about other kinds of events. For instance, snagging a speaking engagement at a conference in your area of concern can be a huge boon to your nonprofit's visibility and a great entry point, or speaking at local schools and colleges. Where I live in Northern Virginia, we have George Mason University nearby and on my drive into work, I pass by a big screen outside of their campus where they advertise talks being given by activists, scientists and all sorts of folks. So these types of engagement can be super important for getting people introduced to your work. It helps you become a thought leader and an authority on the subject where you do your work. You can also host your own event, like a charity walk, but also education and service based events are a great gateway. For instance, when I worked for a local animal shelter, we'd have a rabies and microchip clinic and actually get to help and interact with people and their pets by offering low cost services. And we'd also have educational events like authors who wrote about animal welfare issues. We had a grief expert who would host a pet loss support group. And we offer all kinds of events like that that were kind of non ask events. We weren't asking anything of people except for their presence and learning opportunities that really just acted as a gateway to help people find out about our work and to get people in our door. And lastly, one kind of event that can be overlooked but depending on the nature of the work you do. And can be an important gateway is activism events that can include town hall meetings, attending political events lobbying for your cause. A big nonprofit I worked for would host lobby days where they invited advocates to come out. These were just people who were interested in doing more activism, and have them meet with their local representatives learn about pending bills impacting animals in their state and get involved in the activism aspect of the work that they did. And it was a great place to meet and get to know motivated people who cared about the nonprofits cause. So this can be small scale but just having a presence and local politics can be an important entry point for prospective donors and supporters. There aren't really many areas of nonprofit work I can think of that are not impacted by local and national politics. That usually don't have at least one pending bill in their state that directly affects their work. But keeping an eye on this aspect of their work and actively engaging in politics is how a lot of nonprofits make important contacts increase their visibility and pick up new donors. All right, I mentioned this before, but the next point of entry is called direct mail marketing, and it may seem pretty old school in the age of Google but direct mail marketing is still around still making money, and it's still helping nonprofits find new donors. How nonprofit, I mean, sorry, how direct mail marketing works is that mailers are sent to a list of prospective donors, which the mailing house assembles and qualifies for you. And these mailers come back to your nonprofit hopefully with checks and money inside. It basically outsources a lot of the donor acquisition drudgery for you. And as a result, it usually comes at a higher cost than other terms forms of donor acquisition. You're usually signing a contract to work with the company on an ongoing basis. But this frees up time for your staff and your volunteers to concentrate on other things like stewarding donors. So while the financial cost is higher, the opportunity cost is usually lower. There are a lot of companies out there so it can be a mixed bag for nonprofits because some of them are better than others. But it is a really popular way that lots of nonprofits who have the budget to do so outsource some of the donor acquisition labor and gain access to lists of new donors. The next extra entry point is social connections. So often this means that the entry point is just someone that they know this prospective donor knows in their personal life, whether that person is a board member on your organization board, an employee, a volunteer, a current donor, or someone who works with your nonprofit as a sponsor through the workplace is another really important common entry point. Some companies might host volunteer days or have a workplace giving program that allows them to donate to your organization. For instance, I'm in the DC area and a lot of government employees live around here and we'll find out about new nonprofits through the combined federal campaign, which is run through the Office of Personnel Management, the OPM. So it's a big federal program to encourage charitable giving through the workplace for federal employees. So it's not an essential entry point. Not every nonprofit uses this to get new donors, but it's one that really does truly help for the nonprofits that sort of engage in workplace giving. And there are a lot of entry points you may not even have considered as important in terms of donor relations. Community outreach is an important entry point that some nonprofits can focus on really well doing door to door outreach, calling people, working in events. Your lobby, your physical location is another important touch point locations that are well marked, easy to find and access, get more foot traffic. And depending on the type of work you do foot traffic and drop ins can be a really important way for you to reach constituents. For instance, a food bank if you have a really difficult location to get to and people don't know where you are you're not going to be as effective in your work and you're going to have barriers to people actually finding you getting the help they need and getting more information about your nonprofit. I also want to make the point that all customer service oriented aspects of your work are very important entry points. That means on the phone via email, no matter what the request you are dealing with prospective donors, and the nonprofits who are really looking at providing quality customer service and friendly assistance are the ones who are able to acquire new donors through those means. So this is really the top reason to help customer service training for staff and volunteers, and to have a service oriented culture at your nonprofit, because you can actually convert someone who calls your phone number, looking for information into a donor in the long run sometimes that can even happen on the same phone call. So that's really something important that to consider that sometimes nonprofits overlook when they're thinking about how people get in touch with them. But if somebody calls your nonprofit and is looking for some more information has a really great experience. That person may eventually become a donor, but if they call your nonprofit and they either can't reach you or you're not friendly to them, or it takes you three weeks to get back in touch with them. That is a bad experience that they're going to remember and they may even tell other people about so those are things that are a little bit lower down on the list, but are nonetheless just as important as everything else we've talked about. And lastly, you have a social media and online presence as entry points, which are a little bit more diverse than just your website, a nonprofit that is really acquisition focused will have a well built out web and social media presence. There are lots of pathways for people on social media to get on their mailing list to make donations go to their mighty cause page and so on. All right, so now we're going to move into the elements of a strong donor acquisition strategy and the key parts you'll want to include in your nonprofits donor acquisition acquisition strategy. Before we go over the actual steps you can take in the next couple of weeks to start boosting your donor acquisition. But really the most important thing you'll want to think about and incorporate into your strategy is diversification. And what I mean by that is having multiple diverse channels you use to regularly acquire new donors. The reason it's so important is that relying on one or two channels as your main source of donors and funding in general is just really risky because if those sources dry up, you're in a position where your nonprofit may not be able to actually stay funded. So having diverse channels for new nonprofits to find you for new donors, I should say, to find you means that your nonprofit is more likely to be sustainable, since you're not, you know, a table balancing on one or two legs you have multiple legs and multiple points of support. This also allows you to engage with different types of donors. For instance, people who give through direct mail marketing companies tend to be a little bit older. If you use that as your main source of donor acquisition, your donor base is going to skew a little bit older, and people who give through crowdfunding campaigns tend to give in smaller amounts. So if you rely on that as your main source of donor acquisition, you'll have lots of new donors who give small gifts, and they miss out on sources of larger contributions. So diversification also helps your donor base itself become more diverse. And again, you're just building more spaces where you're supported, you're not focusing too much on one area, you're casting a wider net and getting more types of people involved and developing diverse funding. So this is really important to consider as you consider your strategy is you want diverse funding, you want diverse channels where people can reach you. Another tenant of strong donor acquisition is being accessible and that kind of runs counter to a lot of nonprofits instincts, especially smaller nonprofits, where they only want people to use email they don't want to manage a voicemail box they don't have time to respond to social media messages, and they don't have the ability to take live calls, and they really just try to insulate themselves so that they have to deal with the public less instead of more. And that's understandable and I totally get when you are a volunteer run organization why nonprofits make that choice. But unfortunately, it's also a huge mistake, because when people are looking for information about your cause and looking to make contact. It's really not a good look when you're impossible to contact, and you put up a bunch of barriers to actually connecting with a human being being accessible also makes you more trustworthy. And the more trustworthy your nonprofit seems to people who are investigating you who are considering asking you for help or considering making a donation, the more likely those people are to convert. And when you put up barriers to talking to someone and getting information, you're just less likely to convert them to donors in general because you're not engaging with them and actively keeping them at an arms length. So we'll talk in a few slides about practical ways you can make your nonprofit more accessible, but you really just want to keep in mind accessibility on all fronts making sure the public can learn about your work and get in touch with you. So calls to action are important for donor acquisition that's just important for fundraising in general and something we talk about a lot at Mighty Cause, because that's the actual asking part. And it's something nonprofits can sometimes be shy about but donor acquisition requires bold and clear asks, and that's because if you think you'll sway them to support you passively. Unfortunately, you won't. So unfortunately, if you take that approach where they'll figure out that we want them to donate you're going to be sorely disappointed. Because one of the few places in life where people love to be told what to do is charitable giving. In most cases, prospective donors want to help that's why they're in contact with you they care about your cause they care about your nonprofit. Or they have some sort of interest in what you do, and you're enabling them to help by making clear asks. For instance, you'll start out with them just gathering information like their email address and phone number. Easy asks that allow you to start engaging them and move on to bigger asks, like making a small donation after that making another, and then making that small donation of recurring donation. You'll want a clear path of calls to action or CTAs from every entry point to your nonprofit. That's digitally and in person, so that you can convert website visitors people in your lobby people who call you into email subscribers and email subscribers and to donors and so on and so forth. So basically you want to create a breadcrumb trail of things that you would like them to do to lead them to where you'd like them to be, which is making a donation to your nonprofit. And lastly, I want to make sure that your strategy treats donors as individual as a marketing person. This is something I'm very big on and I talk about a lot people like to be treated as individuals and not part of a large group. So the benefit to considering donors as individuals instead of a big group is that you can engage with each donor more specifically and intentionally when you know more about who they are, what their interests are, and take notes about their behavior. So a lot of this is just tracking your donors getting to know them, making sure that when that you learn something about them, it's recorded somewhere. And part of that is making sure that the fundraising platform you use allows you to create donor records, which Mighty Cause does. Donor records are where you'll keep track of all the important information you learn from your donors so that you can interact with them better. You'll want to gain as much information as you can just to make sure that it's noted in the donor record. For instance, if you have an interaction with a donor or potential donor or somebody that you're talking to, and they mentioned that they prefer phone calls over email or vice versa. That's really important information because if you do the opposite of what they've told you, they're going to be less likely to convert. So keeping good records of who each of these people are will allow you to segment your communication so that when you send an email, you're not just sending a blast that's addressed to no one is just going to everyone. You're tailoring it to groups of donors and how you'd like to talk to them. So on mighty cause we do have a tool that creates donor records and also includes the wide range of supporters so can be really helpful for donor acquisition. So that includes volunteers people who've created fundraisers. And so it may have they may haven't haven't actually converted yet but you can still include them. And this is called the supporters tool. It's available to mighty cause advanced subscribers and advanced subscription costs $99 per month and this is just one of the tools that you'll get for that price. Just to show you how it works there's a screenshot here of what a donor record looks like and it automatically tracks donors donations made on the platform allows you to input offline donations let's you note that they're volunteers or they tend to donate in the summer. You can add custom tags and notes to track important information and to start segmenting them and you can even message them through their supporter record. So if you're not currently using a system like this at your nonprofit and you really want to dig into donor relations. This is a really great place to start and it's an affordable way to start using CRM tools because those kinds of big databases can be really expensive. You might need a full time staff member just to manage your database but this is just a way you can augment your fundraising so that you have supporter records and you can start tracking this information without needing to make a huge investment upfront. Okay, so now that we've talked for a little while about the concepts and tenets of donor acquisition. I want to move more into the actual steps that you can take to get more donors which is probably why most of you are actually here today. So a lot of the time your best and brightest and most generous supporters can already be found within your ranks. So if you're looking to acquire more donors, look around you in your organization's inner circle first. That means your board, your staff, your volunteers. These people are all champions for your cause and it's a huge mistake not to engage them as prospective donors as well. They may, there is probably already some overlaps with these groups and donors. But before you start any new donor acquisition programs, look inside your org. Our staff members donating. If you have a decent roster of staff members, you can make it easier for them by setting up a program where they can set up an automatic donation through their paycheck. And small amounts that feel manageable to them because as we all know, nonprofits don't pay a whole lot. So you usually need your paycheck, but simple programs like that can help you bring in revenue, convert staff members into donors. And it makes it easy for them, which is what it's all about with donor acquisition. Volunteers donate time and effort to your nonprofit. So some orgs can be a little bit shy about asking them to donate money, but usually they're happy to do it and sometimes they just don't get asked. So talk to your board, talk to your volunteers, your board should be making donations annually or paying dues, but they may also be able to point you toward people they know who would be good prospects, especially for sponsorships and bigger partnerships. Some ways you can engage these groups is by hosting a friend raising event where you ask people in your inner circle like your board and volunteers to bring a guest that doesn't know much about your nonprofit and is not currently involved. You provide some snacks and drinks or host the event at a local restaurant or bar and then just get to know these folks and introduce them to your work. Referrals are kind of a basic platform of sales. They work really well when you're trying to sell things and they also work really well for donor acquisition because in a lot of ways they're kind of the same thing. You can also host other non ask events like educational opportunities and trainings that help might help draw people into your nonprofit and use your inner circle to bring those people in. And finally the lowest bar thing you can do that's so simple it's hard to understand why anyone would say no is asking people in your inner circle to share links to your website and your mighty cause page your latest campaign whatever it is on their social networks to help people find you. That's something that costs them absolutely nothing and can be really helpful at getting new people in the door. So next, after you've looked at the people around you you kind of want to take a long hard look at your website and other online channels and audit them for access. CTAs or calls to action and the things we talked about earlier that increase the likelihood you'll be able to convert people visiting your website and seeking more information. If you don't have a website this is a great time when you're thinking about donor acquisition to actually look into building one platforms like WordPress and Wix make it really easy you don't need any web design experience for those those platforms. But there are also a million people who do this for a low cost volunteers might be able to help you so if you have a volunteer base ask if anybody has web design experience. If you have, you know, if you're just just beyond your skill level, or you want to make sure that it looks a certain way. So first on your website, there should be a clear way for people to sign up for emails and a pathway to making a donation that is painfully obvious like it needs to be front and center. Those two calls to action need to be right at the forefront of your website sign up for emails. Here's how to make a donation. And if they aren't you should work on adding them, or making them even more stupidly obvious. I've had people contact me asking for help getting donors in the door and when I look at their websites. I can't figure out where to donate. So that's the root of the whole problem for a lot of nonprofits is that they have all of this information online, or their website is just not really built out. And people can't figure out how to donate so people can't figure out how to donate when they go to your website. They're not going to nobody is going to sit and tool around on a website for 20 minutes to try and figure out how to make a donation. You also have other pathways on your website to get involved, like information about volunteering and events calendar, your mission statement information about any programs and services you provide at your nonprofit. It should just be absolutely clear who you are and what you do from your homepage with lots of supplementary information throughout, because as we discussed earlier, this is often where people will go first when they're looking for information about your profit, or your cause or even just to find assurance that you're a legitimate nonprofit people will research you. So it's a good idea to have a lot of information available to them. And as we discussed most people doing this research are on smartphones. So make sure that your website is mobile friendly. And the main thing for your website and how for profit businesses approach their websites is that it's a tool for lead capture. The biggest donor prospect would be a lead in a sales context. So you'll want to consider every visitor to your website a potential lead and build in ways to capture those leads into your website. So there are a lot of tools you can use there's one called opt-in monster that works great and is very easy to use it has a WordPress plugin. So definitely if you are looking to make a website WordPress is really great for people who don't want to build one from scratch and has lots of plugins that you can use to accomplish these things very easily. So really put on your business goggles and take a really close look at your website to ensure that you're capturing leads and using it as the kind of tool it is, which is a place that you can connect with potential customers. And once you've got your website in order you'll want to Google yourself. Every business and nonprofit should have a profile on Google my business with accurate information. So make sure you have your address listed a phone number your hours of operation. You can also add photos and other information to build out this profile. And this is important because when this information is up to date on cell phones on smartphones rather users can Google you and just click a button to press a button to call you. So it really makes a difference in how accessible you are. And as a hint Google prefers businesses and organizations that actually utilize their tools. So it'll be helpful in getting people searching to your doorstep and at your website. It just helps with your general visibility. You should also take a look at where you're ranking for specific searches for specific keywords. For instance, if you are a soup kitchen in Cincinnati. You'll want to be one of the top ranked pages for soup kitchen Cincinnati as a search term. And if you're not you may need to do some search engine optimization or SEO on your website so you can target that keyword. The topic of SEO is a whole separate webinar, but basically if you're wanting to rank for a search term and for nonprofits. I definitely recommend thinking about how people will search for you and how people will find you. You definitely need to have that term on your page, preferably in your page title and headers on your page. Since those are things that Google looks at when they crawl your page to see if it's relevant if it's relevant to a search from a user. Okay so switching from the digital world to the real world. The next thing you should focus on doing if you're serious about donor acquisition is actually getting out in your community. Again this is something I've seen a lot with nonprofits when they tell me that they're having trouble finding donors. I'll ask what they're doing in their community and they admit they're not really doing anything community based they're not getting out there. So a basic rule of thumb is to meet people where they are both figuratively and literally you can search community calendars for events that might be of interest to your nonprofit. Sometimes nonprofits will have booths at farmers markets, a lot of nonprofits here in Alexandria, Virginia do that, because there's a big farmers market in a local square where there's a lot of foot traffic so it really helps boost their visibility. But as we talked about it can really be anything like a town hall meeting, a community meeting, or even an existing event. Just take a sign up sheet with you so you can collect people's names and email addresses for your email list. Ask them to leave their phone number with you. Come prepared with flyers and pamphlets and information about your nonprofit. And this aspect can really make some nonprofits uncomfortable or seem intimidating like you have to conduct these events yourself but to be clear I'm not talking about starting your own event here. I'm talking about basically glomming on to existing events where people are going and using them to spread the word about your nonprofit and make connections in the community. Because when you meet people face to face and you tell them about your work, they're much more likely to hear you because people love that kind of human connection. So bring a sign up sheet, get out in your community and start meeting people start shaking hands and kissing babies, and you'll probably see more donors in the long run. The other side to the community engagement piece of it is engaging locals in a strategic way by partnering with local businesses, offering a service or an educational opportunity for a workplace. For instance, or partnering with a local restaurant for a charity night. That's a very popular type of partnership and generally pretty easy to pull off. The restaurant likes it because they get customers in the door who like to eat food for a good cause and the benefit. They get the benefit of looking charitable to the community while you can collect some donations from food sold that night. Be present to hand out information, get people to sign up for your newsletter and have someone on hand to process donations on site. So if you have an event like this, people can come and make a donation right there in addition to purchasing food, which you collect a percentage of. So these are easy partnerships and a strategic way to get out in your community. So that's something that a lot of nonprofits do when they're looking to meet new people. Sometimes this also means purchasing a table or a booth space at events, but just be strategic about it and ensure that if you're spending money which you may have to for a booth space. You will be reaching a nonprofit that makes sense for your not reaching an audience that makes sense for your nonprofit. Okay, so we're going to move on to two specific ways you can acquire more donors on mighty cause. The first of which is peer to peer fundraising. Peer to peer is a fundraising technique where you leverage leverage your existing donors to bring in new supporters. In a nutshell, a supporter, whether it's a board member or a volunteer or just somebody who cares about your cause, creates a page on mighty cause and asks people they know to donate. That's where the name comes from. People are asking their peers for donations. It's peer to peer. There are these are totally free on mighty cause. There's no startup costs involved in all nonprofits can have unlimited peer to peer pages on our platform. All users can start a fundraiser for 501 C three charities on mighty cause and collect money for causes they care about so there's no need for approval from the charity they don't have to go through any red tape they can just go to mighty cause dot com create their page and start fundraising. And this is great for nonprofits for a lot of reasons. And in the most obvious way is that it's kind of a passive way to acquire new donors, the person running the fundraiser does all of the work, and you just sit back and collect donations. We'll talk more about teams and events in a minute but those are basically just larger scale coordinated peer to peer events. Mighty cause. These are actually cheaper than a PayPal donate button with our new pricing guarantee PayPal charges 2.2% plus 30 cents per donation. And if you meet the terms of our pricing guarantee, your nonprofit will never be charged more than 2.2% plus 29 cents. And in return, instead of just having a donate button, you get robust reports and fundraising tools like peer to peer pages. So when I follow up with you guys with the slides after the presentation I'll also send on some information about our pricing care guarantee so you can learn what that's all about. The main benefit to peer to peer aside from the cost on mighty cause is that this is a proven donor acquisition method. We know it works because we've been hosting peer to peer fundraisers at mighty cause since 2006. And most of the donors and the not most of the donors that the nonprofit sees are totally new to their organization. And again, it outsources that labor of running a fundraiser. And it's a great way people can volunteer to help one of the most popular and fun types of peer to peer pages we see our birthday fundraisers. We've seen be tremendously successful. Some people who run them year after year have actually created a brand for their birthday fundraiser. They create hashtags they create logos it's really cool to see. So peer to peer basically just allows you to move beyond your own reach it allows you to move beyond that existing base of people you have in your circle. So you can you probably don't have permission to contact say a volunteer's aunt to ask them to donate to your nonprofit, but that volunteer can certainly contact their own aunt and ask them to make a donation to your nonprofit. And that's how that's the mechanism through which you're able to reach beyond yourself to get new donors you can reach all of these people that you don't have access, or really permission to solicit because they don't have a relationship with your nonprofit. It really can be a great tool to help your nonprofits donor base grow. Excuse me utilizing peer to peer is mostly just a matter of asking people to raise money for you. You can start with asking people in your inner circle at your nonprofit like your board or your staff. Because as we've talked about these people are natural champions for your cause, and they're usually more than happy to help. You can also suggest it on social media, send out emails asking, you know, letting people know that they can create fundraisers for you. Add it to your website. Just link them to mighty cause and they can get started. If you want to kick it up a notch. You can also put together a kit for peer to peer fundraisers that has logos, photos talking points and so on that can help them out and help them create their page, which you can actually upload to mighty cause if you want to because we have document upload, so create a custom tab and you can stick those resources right there. If you don't want to build out a page on your own website. And if you really wanted to kick start a peer to peer effort, and this is especially helpful around critical time periods like giving Tuesday, you can offer a small reward to people who start fundraisers, like a T shirt or a bumper sticker or a pin or something small that you already probably have on hand, but that little incentive can really give people the kick to actually start a fundraiser and start asking people to donate to your nonprofit. And just so you know, all nonprofits on mighty cause have a screen where you can track peer to peer campaigns. You just go to the campaign screen on your campaigns on your dashboard. And from there you can access your campaign screen. You can trash or hide old peer to peer fundraisers that you don't want appearing in searches anymore you can track progress of current fundraisers. And you can also message the people who've created those fundraisers through the mighty cause platform which is really cool. So if you need a report, you can get that through the campaign screen. And again, all nonprofits have this tool this is not something you need to subscribe to us for it's available to all nonprofits. So if you have a mighty cause account and you haven't taken a look at this, definitely just go into your profile and take a look at your campaign screen and see what's there. There's a tab for your campaigns that your nonprofit has created. There's also a tab for peer to peer campaigns which are campaigns that were created by other users. All right, so just a few quick facts about mighty cause the mighty, the peer to peer on mighty cause the money raised from peer to peer fundraisers is bundled into your regular disbursements, and you can see its source on your donations report. The fundraisers themselves the users who create these pages, never have access to the funds or any of your nonprofits financial information. So there's absolutely no risk at all to your nonprofit in these types of fundraisers. You get the donor information from every donation you get their name and their email by default on mighty cause, and you can add other fields that you'd like to collect in your donor experience tool which again is available to everybody on mighty cause. So if you want to collect a phone number and an address, you can also get that information that'll filter down to any peer to peer pages that are created for your nonprofit. And if you're an advanced subscriber each time somebody makes a new makes a donation will create a new record in the supporters tool so you can start tracking your engagement with that donor and start getting to know them. And so now I just want to quickly go over events and teams because these are great acquisition tools as well. So events and teams are kind of siblings on mighty cause. An event is a large scale fundraising event with a peer to peer aspect, like charity walks, marathon school fundraisers and so on. They're usually competitive events or people are people and teams are competing to raise the most money or bring in the most donors events allow you to get people fundraising together as teams and individuals. So for instance, if you need a platform that allows you to have multiple teams fundraising together, as well as individuals, you'll want an event as opposed to a team. There are two leaderboards one that tracks individuals fundraising on their own and another that tracks teams fundraising for the event so you have two leaderboards with an event. And teams are great for smaller scale peer to peer events. The competitive aspect or aspect is still there there's just a single team leaderboard. But the big difference is that a team page is a little bit leaner and it only allows individuals to join the team so a group of people would not join the team together, they would they would join it individually. So you can't create a team within a team so if you want that functionality you would want to choose an event. Now on mighty cause teams and events raise around 30% more than individual fundraisers and that includes fundraisers created by nonprofits. And that makes sense because the more people you have fundraising for you, the more money you can raise and the more people you can reach every person that is part of an event has a whole network of people they can contact and ask to support them. So these can be a great way to acquire new donors and really expand your reach beyond what you already have. These can be a great addition to any live events you have. And live events are a great way to drum up community interest in media coverage to events and teams are just really low bar easy entry points for new donors, because they're being brought in by someone they know, and they're donating to support that person. So they can be an excellent way to get a bunch of new donors in a short period of time, running an event or a team can be a little bit more intensive than just sitting back and letting people raise money for you as a peer to peer fundraiser. But if you're really looking to ramp up donor acquisition in the spring. This is a great way to do it so instead of just running a regular campaign for your spring fundraiser maybe consider an event you can make these digital only they don't need to have a live event corresponding with them. But these are great ways that you can get more donors in the door and start onboarding them. I don't want to get too lost in the weeds on events and teams but I did want to note that we have an event bright integration for events so if you need to manage registration or sell tickets, events on mighty cause are the perfect way to do that. You can organize a team or events but individuals not associated with your nonprofit can also start one for your nonprofit. And in fact some of the most successful events that we've seen on the platform have been from workplaces. So if you have a workplace that wants to get involved with your nonprofit. It's worth suggesting that they start an event or a team. And nonprofits on mighty cause all nonprofits whether you are a subscriber or not have unlimited teams and events. So if you want to host 15 or 50 events in a year you can do that on platform there's no cost involved to you upfront. All right so we're just about done but before we move into the Q&A I do want to talk about the other side of this coin which is donor retention. So we discussed at the beginning of this webinar about half of all new donors are lost across the nonprofit sector. And that's alarming because as I mentioned before it costs less money to retain an existing donor than it does to acquire a new one. So really all the work and money that's put into acquiring new donors is a total waste if we're not actually keeping a good number of those donors. Some attrition is absolutely natural, but unfortunately nonprofits are losing donors to attrition very high numbers. So a quick and thoughtful thank you thank you is statistically very important in determining whether a donor is likely to come back and give again to a nonprofit. So we have a thank you page on mighty cause for this purpose and insert a thank you message in their receipt but we definitely recommend going above and beyond that sending them a personal email to thank them for their donation or even just picking up the phone and giving them a call if you have their phone number. Once you've got that first donation. We also recommend a welcome series of emails or even mailing a welcome packet. So you can start engaging them, get them learning more about your nonprofit and eventually get that second gift because that second gift is also a good tell as to whether this donor will be retained over time. The worst thing you can do is get a new donor, thank them and then just stop communicating with them. So have a plan in place for how to follow up with them while you're making your donor acquisition plan. Keep talking to them share the impact of your organization and their donation, because even if you do everything we talked about in this webinar. If you aren't following up with your new donors. It's all meaningless so this part is really important is it needs to be included in your donor acquisition plan. They need to work together so that you're getting new donors, but you're also keeping them once you've got that first donation. Great, so thanks for sticking with me. I know that was a long presentation. So I wanted to open the floor to questions. So if you do have a question just go ahead and type it into the questions box on your go to webinar panel. And it looks like we have quite a few already so I'll just go in and start answering these. I missed the beginning. I'm not this isn't time stamped but you may have missed the very beginning of the webinar but I will be sending out a recording as well as the slides. So if you did miss a portion of the webinar. Don't fret, I'll send it to you and you can rewatch that portion of the webinar. Okay. This is a good question. What is attrition. So attrition is basically in a business it's it's a loss that occurs. So if I were to acquire a new donor. Let's say I acquired 50 new donors in the space of a year, and then 25 of those didn't come back that is considered attrition it's basically the flip side to acquisition. Acquisition is the new donors you gain and attrition is the donors you lose. So you can lose them through a number of ways either just not them not making a second gift them lapsing they may come back at a later time. Or there may be some incident that causes them to leave but basically means year over year, you did not retain this donor. So when we talk about attrition we're typically talking year over year. So I made a donation in 2017 but I didn't come back and make another one in 2018. I would be considered lost to attrition. And to be honest, a lot of that is natural and nonprofits just like with sales. Some attrition is going to be normal. You're going to lose some donors that you gain some of them just won't have interest or the ability or means to continue donating. But unfortunately nonprofits do lose donors to attrition at a much higher rate than other industries. So it's something that usually I think has to do with the follow up. And whether or not they're communicating well with these donors but it's just the other side to acquisition is instead of gaining new donors, you're losing them that's all attrition is. Okay, so this is looking. This is a question about registering being registered in each state before receiving any donations out of state. And that's actually a really good question because we get that a lot. There are some states that have very few requirements and some states that are very stringent in making sure that you have, you know, a certificate to fundraise in that particular state. And the good news is with mighty cause, you don't need that because the mighty cause charitable foundation does have certifications in all states. So, basically when somebody makes a donation on mighty cause, it goes to the mighty cause charitable foundation which is a donor advised fund, and then is sent to your nonprofit because it was advised by the donor for your nonprofit. So, because it's filtered through the mighty cause charitable foundation. First, you don't need that particular certification to accept donations in a state. So if your board is having concerns about that, they can certainly contact us because that's part of the reason that the mighty cause charitable foundation exists so that you can, you know, collect donations wherever you can find them and not have to worry about that we are certified as the mighty cause charitable charitable foundation. And they're a 501c3 donor advised fund. So that is how you can get around that the donate now button. If you use mighty cause does actually your covered you don't have to worry about that state certification with other things like PayPal, I can't tell you that they are certified in the same way the mighty cause charitable foundation is. So I would say if you can talk to your board about using mighty cause you may be able to get that donate button on your website, because you don't have to worry about that particular piece of the puzzle with mighty cause. Okay. Oh, so this is a good question if you receive a donation on a peer to peer fundraiser and get an email address. Do you need permission to add them to an email list. No, no, because they gave your information to us as mighty cause and they gave it to you as the nonprofit that is required for them. In order to make a donation it's in our terms of use that if they make a donation that we share their email address with the nonprofit that they made the donation to. So just to be totally clear we don't share donor information with anyone else. The only people who have access to that donor's email address is the nonprofit there are people who are administrators with the nonprofit. They can access the email address if they have other things like an address or phone number that was collected during the donation process. The nonprofit administrators on mighty cause have access to that, but that information is never ever ever sold or shared with third parties. So yeah, you can add them to your MailChimp list your constant contact list we actually have a way to automate adding new donors to those lists. If you use constant contact or MailChimp through Zapier, which is an advanced feature. You can absolutely add them to your email list there's no no consent issues there you have implied consent because of the terms of use that they agreed to when they made the donation on mighty cause. And if donors are concerned about it you can assure them we do not share their information. We don't even email them ourselves outside of sending them their receipt and giving them transactional information is mighty cause free for the non advanced subscription. Yeah, there's no startup costs involved with mighty cause so if you wanted to start using mighty cause, you can go to mighty cost calm right now, go to nonprofits and claim your, your organizations page and start fundraising there's no upfront costs. The way mighty cause works is we collect if we collect fees on the donation before we disperse it to you so before it goes from the mighty cause charitable foundation to you. You can we collect a small fee that covers our expenses and covers the transaction fee donors also have a chance to cover that fee. And that plays into our new pricing guarantee, which I'll send you guys some information about so that you can get familiar with that. But if you are eligible for our pricing guarantee which basically means that you've allowed us to ask your donors for an additional fee we should we ask them how much it's our 4% fee. And they, you know, can opt into it or opt out of it, then you're, you'll never pay more than PayPal. So that's, it's totally free for you to try out we also have a 30 day trial of mighty cause advanced. So if you use mighty cause and you get set up and you're like, hey, I want to check out some of these advanced tools. Just let us know because we can set you up with a free trial of that so that you can explore these tools and see if they're worthwhile for your nonprofit. But there's absolutely no upfront costs to using mighty cause the way our platform works as we just collect those fees on the back end, and we are a lot cheaper than the competition you don't need to sign a contract with us. We're upfront about our pricing 2.2% plus 29 cents is the fee if you get our pricing guarantee but our standard platform fee is 4% if you opt out of that pricing structure. But again, stay tuned. Check your inbox. I'll send some more information about our pricing so you can see it all laid out because that's probably much easier than me trying to explain it. Okay, so let's see a private website. I'm not sure what this is in reference to so just reply back it says what if you have a private website. Let me know what that means I'm not quite sure what that question means. If I use MailChimp I need to pay for Zapier, but if I work with ConvertKit I don't need Zapier. So we have a specific integration with Zapier and Zapier account a basic account is free. They do have upgraded accounts that you would pay for but I'm not too familiar with ConvertKit. We don't have a specific integration with them. So, you know, automating through Zapier needs to be done, you know, as part of our data connect program and you need to zap your account. They are free and they if you want additional abilities through Zapier to automate processes, you can upgrade your account but I'm not too familiar with ConvertKit but I'm happy to take this question offline if you wanted to talk about the possibility of using ConvertKit. You can actually add things to MailChimp, add new contacts to MailChimp in an automated way through Zapier and I believe that is a free Zap that you can create. So I don't think that you need to get a paid Zapier account for that. Okay, how do we download emails from Mighty Cause? That is actually in your donation report. So on your nonprofit page on your dashboard you can go to the section that says donations and that'll take you to your donation report. That's a truncated view so to download the full report you want to download the spreadsheet but that'll share the email addresses with you as well as all of the details about that donors. So if you download your donation to your organization and any additional information that you collected, there's just a short, there's just not a whole lot of space available there. So if you download your donation report you'll get all of that information about the donor. Another question about going about automatically adding contacts into MailChimp, it's done through Zapier. So Zapier is a third party that we've partnered with. We have a specific integration with them. If you have a Mighty Cause advanced account which is the $99 per month subscription, you can use Data Connect and that's our Zapier integration. Zapier automates certain processes. So if you have two programs like let's say Mighty Cause and MailChimp, those two things don't directly connect to each other but Zapier acts as a bridge. So you create a bridge which is called a zap in Zapier and that gets the information from point A to point B over this little bridge that was created by Zapier if that makes sense. So that is something, that's how you would, it would be automatic. You just need to enable that zap. That one is actually preloaded into the Data Connect feature. So you just need to connect to your Zapier account and connect your Zapier account to MailChimp and then they would build that bridge and get that information through to the correct place. And so yeah, unfortunately there's a follow up question to that. Do we need to pay $99 per month? That is a subscription feature. So on the free accounts on Mighty Cause that is not available to all users. If you want to upgrade and start using that feature, you would need to subscribe to Mighty Cause advanced. So I'll make sure that there's some information about that in the follow up email that you guys get. I also know it's a little, we're a little bit over, but we do have some good questions. So I want to continue to take questions as long as you guys have them. So there's a question. Do we need to have a website? Yes, I would say you do need to have a website. It's not required. There's nobody's going to come to your door and arrest you because you don't have a website as a nonprofit. But it is actually a really important piece of how people will find you and just having a web presence. It's how people will authenticate you. Certainly if you're, you know, you just got your 501C3 and you're just starting out, starting a Mighty Cause page can be a good first step. But eventually as a nonprofit, you'll want to have a robust website. And again, I can't recommend WordPress enough for small nonprofits just because it's so easy to use. You have themes you can choose from. A lot of people who work with nonprofits as web designers will recommend WordPress. There's lots of plugins you can get that will take care of some of these processes for you, like collecting information from visitors. So WordPress is a great place to start. They're not that expensive buying a domain WordPress will help you do that. I don't get any money from WordPress. So I'm not giving you a biased biased opinion about that. It's just a really great place if you're looking to make your as an easy website that's functional and you don't have the money or the budget or the know how to sort of design one from scratch. So I would start with WordPress and see if you can get a website built. Again, it's a worthwhile investment because that's how people are going to find you. That's how they're going to learn more about who you are and what you do. And that's ultimately part of how you're going to be able to collect donations and keep keep yourself funded. So I wouldn't say it's like a strict requirement. There's not the website police that's going to track you down. But as part of your long term plan as a nonprofit, I would definitely recommend investing in a website to establish yourself and set up that that trustworthy digital presence. All right, so there's one more question it looks like we're a small and volunteer based nonprofit and we don't have a physical location. How would we get started with donor acquisition. So yeah I mean definitely if you don't have a physical location if you're kind of virtual and maybe do your work outside of you know a traditional brick and mortar location and some nonprofits just don't need that kind of stuff. Then you know still make sure that your information is up to date in Google that you have a phone number listed that you have a PO box, you can list that as well. And just make sure that you have all that information set up. And certainly you know that doesn't mean you can't get out there in the world and start meeting people in your community and making connections and doing those things that we talked about in the webinar. Definitely when it comes to Google just make sure that you know you have an address listed even if it's a PO box and list of phone number and email. Definitely if you don't have a physical location I would say having a you know an email that people can contact as well as like a voicemail box or phone number where people can give you a call is is a really important step if you don't actually have somewhere they can visit you. But it doesn't keep you from, you know, doing peer to peer fundraising it doesn't keep you from going out into the community and getting involved and meeting people and sharing your services and what you do with them. So yeah just start at the same place as everybody else you just don't necessarily need to invest in signs for your lobby because you don't have a lobby. So it shouldn't be a huge impediment. And there's certainly ways that you can make yourself accessible to your community without having a physical location. All right, I think that is it for questions thank you guys so much for all of your questions and sticking with me through this long webinar. Again if you have anything in particular to your situation that you want to hash out with me I'm available to you my name is Linda, and you can contact me at Linda at mighty cost calm and I'm always happy to chat with you and answer any questions you have. If you have any technical questions about getting set up on the mighty cost platform or pricing I am again going to share some information about our pricing with you in the follow up email but you can always contact our support team. Their email is support at mighty cause calm. All right, well thank you so much and have a great rest of your day.

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Wikilab, architecture & CNC Collaborative architecture and construction with FreeCAD

by Yorik van Havre At: FOSDEM 2018 Room: K.4.201 Scheduled start: 2018-02-03 18:20:00+01

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Okay. Good evening everybody. I'm Mioric. I'm one of the developers of the FreeCAD project. This talk here is mostly about one specific project that I've been doing in Brazil with FreeCAD this last year. Lots of people I talked with asked for more. They would like to hear more about generically about FreeCAD. So since we have quite a lot of time, we have like up to seven. So we have 40 minutes. So I propose to go quite fast with this like taking my 20 minutes like everybody else. And then we have more time to talk about FreeCAD more generically. You asked me question and we talk more about FreeCAD. Is that okay for you? Right. So this WikiLab is the project I will be talking about now. It's basically, yeah, these slides are, I would put that. This is the project we've been doing. It's basically a community-built house. It's not a house. It's actually used as a free software laboratory by the university where it's been built. But it's the construction system. It's also made to make anything else, houses of anything. We just happened to need a laboratory. So that's what we built. And it's built. This wooden system is the WikiHouse system, which is an open-source building system made of wood that is cut by CNC machines, which are robots that can cut piece out of material. And it's built by volunteers. It's extremely easy to build. You see that all these pieces have numbers of them and then you have a manual. And the only tool that you need, you don't see it, but it's a hammer. It's a rubber hammer. And it's basically the only tool you need to build it. There is no screw, no glue, no anything else. It's just all together because the system is really well thought. That's all the joints are made to become rigid. So this is our built building after all the work. It's been built over during about three months. This is the inside. It's not 100% finished. You see that there are still a lot of problems. But it's basically there and it's done. This is how it started being built. You begin to build those structures that you see here on the ground. Then you put them up and then you put the parts that bend them together. I will explain all that a little bit later on. So we begin to build like that. This is the base wall that we didn't build at ourselves. We just hired a constructor to build these parts that are more traditional construction. And that was also one part of the experiment, is to have a mixed system with a part that's built by professional builders and one part that's built with volunteers and see how that could work together, how the experience of one could help the other and that was another part of the experience. And that's the actual building with everybody hammering crazily. And that's really the big part of it if you look at the result. The result is not so impressive. It's just a little house. But the process of it, everybody there who built this thing went out of there saying, this is the best experience of my life. I actually built a house. And the whole point of the thing is actually to be able to build your own thing. Not so much that the result is so impressive or so special, but it's the fact that you're able to do it with no knowledge at all. Everybody was there, like came there without any experience. And after one hour you are professional. You understood the whole system and you can teach the others how it works because you know it's by heart. So this is the first person who lived in the house. This is after you finish the structure. You put the panels on top of it and it's rigid. Normally it doesn't need any more fixation or anything. We decided to put some screws here to make it stronger and because we're trying to make it last. Because most WikiHouse based, I will explain a bit more about the WikiHouse afterwards, but most existing WikiHouse projects have been built inside an exhibition, for example, or there were temporary things that were dismounted after one week or two weeks. And now there are, I think, three or four that are built to last in the world. So this is still experimental. We don't know how long it will hold, but we try to do our best to make it last many years. So we did a bit more than just... So that was a big problem. The construction was slow. We had to protect it from the rain and we didn't think well about that. That was one of the biggest problems we met. Then since we are in Brazil, we have very soft climates. Basically you never have to protect against cold or against heat because we're in the southern part of Brazil where it's never too hot and never too cold. So basically you can forget about insulation. And I will show afterwards what they used to do in Europe because the WikiHouse project is based... it's from Europe. So they have to be really careful about insulation and not letting any cold or any humidity enter because humidity is terrible for the wood. It cannot take water. Otherwise it begins to rot and to change shape and that's terrible. But in Brazil we don't have so much of a problem because the air is helping us instead of being an enemy. So what we decided to do instead of cladding it inside a skin is to let it breath. So we used this material and we left a space between it and the wood so the air could flow all the time and enter below and escape on the top so the air would flow all the time and keep the wood dry all the time. And this is working quite well actually. So it's all open on the sides. The air can flow between all the parts of the structure because we don't have to care much about being tight because it's not important there if you have a bit of air that goes in. Nobody cares. It's even better. So we have a completely different situation than in Europe and we were able to experiment with these quite interesting air circulation systems and this is the inside. You see the details of how the joints are made and they are really tight. That's the advantage of having this wood piece cut by a machine is that the precision is absolute. So you can actually dimension these things to be just tight enough that you need a hammer to put them in and once they're in they are very strong. So we did a bit of testing to adjust the calibration of the machine but it was like the first test was okay because the precision is built in so this is what the machine does. Basically it comes from your model. That's where FreeCAD will enter and that's what I will explain now. Basically your FreeCAD file goes to the machine more or less. I mean the process is quite straightforward and this is the pieces being quite a lot of wood. This whole house is like 170 pieces of wood. It's like two piles that size and when it begins to accumulate like that you really have a problem where to put them before you use them. And a little bit to show you the details. This is another wiki house they've been building. They're finishing right now in Almere near Amsterdam and there was a bit of competition who would finish his first and we won. But it's much easier so that's why we won. We don't have the complexity they had to cope with here but you see it's exactly the same system and exactly the same shape and exactly the same problem. So this is the wiki house project that we took our shape and our system from. This is a system that was begun in 2011 by two architects in the United Kingdom. They built I think above 30 or 40 in the world but those that are still there that were used to stay it's about there must be about four or five now in the world world I think two or three in the UK. Now we have one in Brazil and there is this one in Almere. It's fully open source you can just take their files and adapt like if it was code. Just its 3D models and the whole system of how you build it. They have manuals as well. They have a lot of resources outside just the files which are files as well but you understood me. And it's now well tested. I mean you see that the first ones where there were a lot of defects in how the joints would work and the whole thing would go like that and over the years you have a lot of people who worked on this even pretty famous engineers and the system is now extremely solid. These columns as we call them the main structures is really impressive once you begin to build them and the more you have like three or four or five pieces you're trusting each other. And after the five pieces are there it's extremely solid. Everybody will look at that and you can really hang a lot of weight on them. And it's a heavy construction so it has a lot of stability and it's really something that you feel that it has matured and it's become something really you can trust. This is the WikiHouse, the whole story of the WikiHouse project. You see the shapes being changing over years, all the research that went into finding the right shapes. Basically I would say, I would repeat the question, why are not they using screws for example? I would say there is a kind of point they want to prove that it's possible without any other materials and also the extreme simplicity that you need your hands basically to build it. I find it quite impressive and you would have screws that would begin to need lots more equipment and there is something incredible in the fact that you just need your hands and a hammer and I kind of like that. So we try to... Yeah, you need the machine. Okay, but let's say you have a part that's production of the piece and then you have a part that's building and the building part is... you would separate one from the other and then the building part is like pure without any... But that's true. That's the kind of stuff you find on the WikiHouse website. You grab their files. It's basically all the old ones are based on SketchUp, those are SketchUp files but they're now migrating to some scripting system for Reno so you could enter the parameters and it would build the 3D model automatically for you. Of course, we try to port that to FreeCAD. That's what's coming now. That's the kind of material you find there. That's what we use basically without modifying anything because we want to not try anything fancy and take their base system and try to do it well and next time we'll try to experiment some stuff but we really try to do it the best way we could so we try not to modify anything from it. It's basically modular. You make it as long as you want. It's just repetition of modules. In the WikiHouse files, you also find them already separated to be processed to become files, CNC files, G-code files to be used by the CNC machine so this is already set up but we redid that part as well and then you have mounting manuals. You see that they say you could use some tools and so this is FreeCAD. This is the project I'm participating to since the project started in 2002. I've been there since 2008 I think. FreeCAD for who doesn't know it. It's basically a 3D modeler, an open source 3D modeler. It's a GPL license and it's basically its main focus is that it's a technical modeling application. Basically we used to say it's used to build, to model things that you will build in the real world afterwards. So it's from electronic components to cities basically. Anything you would need to build afterwards and you would need precise modeling and controlled modeling that you could do and redo afterwards. It's generic because that's what I was saying. It's multi-purpose. It's used for any kind of stuff. It's not really specially for that kind of, for buildings or for this or that. A bit like who knew AutoCAD. That was the strength of it. AutoCAD was something everybody used. Engineers, hobbyists, architects, everybody would use the same software and it's something that has been lost in the commercial world because they want to specialize because they want to sell specific solutions for each profession. And we like to go back to the old good times with FreeCAD and try to have a kind of application that's just a big generic thing that you just wait for your creativity to work on it. And it's parametric. That's a big feature of FreeCAD that all objects are defined by the parameters. It means instead of modeling cubes you would define an object that for example that's a brick wall and you would say it has a width, length and a height. And then your object is defined by these three parameters and then you can change them afterwards. You change the length, the object changes its length and everything is driven by these parameters. And that's the website of FreeCAD. That's FreeCAD basically. It's pretty, for who doesn't know it, it's pretty common application. Like you have a very standard QT-based interface and a 3D view and modeling tools. The interface has nothing special. That's the kind of stuff that people do with FreeCAD. Where is Juan? Here. He did it. This one. That's one of the last ones that appeared on the forum. People do kind of crazy stuff with it. More and more. And houses as well. So one of the first things we did with this project is convert the SketchUp stuff to FreeCAD. One of the main differences is SketchUp is based on mesh geometry which are basically points and triangles. Everything is made of points and triangles. And in FreeCAD we use beer geometry which is basically surface. Beer means boundary representation. It means that the objects are defined by their boundary surfaces. And these surfaces are basically nerve surface. Like every edge of the surface is a curve of mathematical curve. So you can basically do anything that could be a curve, a mathematical curve. That means you have extreme control over exactly where your surface is passed through. It's a bit the same analogy as bitmap and vector graphics. Like in vector graphics you have the mathematical definitions on where the points are. If you zoom closer you still see a perfect line. And in bitmap graphics there are pixels and if you zoom very close you see the pixels. And it's the same thing. Mesh geometry is like faceted. You already have the location of the points and with beer geometry we can recalculate the triangulation anytime so you don't have any resolution in it. So we took the files from SketchUp, imported them in FreeCAD then converted in beer geometry. And then the thing is of course it's like dumb geometry where each point of the object is already fixed somewhere, has a coordinate. And we want to turn that into parametric object that you could like stretch the whole thing or put more modules or what if I put a window in it or remove a window and I have all that interesting parametric behavior. And actually this is something you don't need to do at once. You don't need to have the difference between parametric world and a world that has no parameter at all. You can start with shapes with little parameters and then add progressively more parameter and next time you take the file and you want to modify one of the objects you had some parameters to be able to modify them further and then you can really do that step by step that's what we did. And then we had all the integration with all the stuff that's not the wiki house and then the fun began is that you begin to be able to produce a lot of interesting stuff from your files. So that's basically what happens. You take these SketchUp models which are like dump objects and then you extract the contour of these shapes and these become parametric in FreeCAD. You can put dimension in this and say this must have like 20 millimeters and then you have a parameter and then afterwards you can change that to 30 if you want and you don't need to redraw the shape. It would just go further. All this is really a step-by-step work that you don't need to do at once and then you can refine, refine, refine over time. This is the finished model in FreeCAD with all the rest that's not only the wiki house and you see one of the good things is that you can organize that really well the way you want and group the objects by type and do, of course it's in Portuguese but just to get you the idea that you can really go into pretty complex models and keep something that's really easy for a human to understand how it's organized and that's one of the big points I think this is when you remove the stuff on top of it it's really the wooden construction, the inside and all the piping is there everything is in the model basically it's pretty complete and so we had this model that's the wall building and we had another model that's just one element and that's the one we used to produce the files for the CNC machine because it's basically seven of these modules so we did just one and used the same output seven times basically and so it's pretty well organized already from the wiki house project you have these side panels you have the inner structure then you have the reinforcement and then you have the side plates everything is already defined and separated in the wiki house project you just have to understand how it works and it's really amazingly well done and this is what we're producing with it all these things that I will show now that you need to have and of course the most beautiful thing free software to do that kind of experimental stuff is that you end up coding because you end up adapting it for the special case and so we had quite a lot of new free-kit codes being done thanks to this project as well that's the kind of 2D plans that you need to get the authorization to build this thing in our case we were on the university grounds we had to ask for authorization to all the university instance and stuff that was the worst part of the whole thing is to be able to obtain all those authorization so you need these drawings to be able to show them renderings to this is one of the this project was financed by a crowdfunding campaign and this is one of the image we had to produce to show that's how it would be when it would be finished to make people want to contribute to the project there would be afterwards like a call for artists to propose drawings to be painted on top of it that's not done yet no, that you export that's one of the things I would actually explain this was basically produced by FreeCAD with a little bit of rework in Inkscape afterwards because some things are still easier to do in Inkscape to put these texts that are not in FreeCAD this one basically is the FreeCAD model that you saw so it's just an earlier version it was exported in Blender and a couple of textures, lights put in Blender and rendered in Blender that's the distance between the two that we're trying to reduce and the idea was talking the other day that Tom Hossendahl from Blender is to be able to have like a one button you would push in FreeCAD and it would like land in Blender with a preset of lights already and you would like have almost a one button render and he's really interested in developing this further so we should be able for the next time to reduce that distance that you need to produce a nice render and there are other solutions as well that are becoming real-time rendering etc that are becoming interesting to use together with FreeCAD that you could have all the modeling in FreeCAD and just export some other application to do the final image these spreadsheets that's one of the biggest advantages of having a sound model of your building is that all the quantities are there how much wood will I need exactly how many square meters of wood would I need, how many bricks I would need are there and then once you have that putting prices on this is pretty easy in Brazil we are lucky enough to have several public sources of prices for the construction that are maintained by federal government like they take all the public works they do and they extract from that the price the median price of one square meter of brick wall one square meter of floor and so it's public you can use that for your own project and it's basically the same price that you will find that you will build it so if you have the right quantities you have a really precise estimation of the price the final price of the building that's what we use to estimate how much money we would need for the crowdfunding and it turned up to be exactly what we spent which is around 15,000 euros 60,000 Brazilian real it's about four now it's 15,000 euros including everything there is like a fee of the crowdfunding platform that's about 7% if I remember correctly then there is the price of the wood there is the price of the cutting of the wood because it's firm the company that did the cut and the price of the guy who did all the brick works and so so the cut was made in Brazil? yes everything was made locally at like 100 meters from the construction yard did you say 15? 15 like 1.5 1.5, yeah and this price is about the same price that you would spend for brick house of the same size in Brazil but it could be reduced a lot a big part of this price went to the company who did the cut and if you imagine that you would build several of those houses and that you could have a machine that you could operate with the same volunteers that build you could reduce that price crazily so this could be even reduced a lot if you begin to think on a bigger scale or on a more community based planning but maybe but all yes you could every builder, the builder who was looking at that and I think you guys are using crazy lot of wood this could be done with like half the wood and yes but then you need more experienced people to do it and it changed the and I think that there is kind of pedagogic thing that you can build your own house and you don't need to be especially you need motivated people to do all the manual work you can do it really in a simple way and this project has this crazy capacity to show people that it's really simple yeah yes only that this is a really hard system to calculate because you wouldn't have any software that is able to calculate this kind of so many joints and have a precise result and the effort in all those things is really complex and I believe this system where you cannot have at this moment official calculation of it you have several important well-known engineers that work on this system including Arup which is maybe the most famous engineers office in the world world they are based in the UK and built in the world and they worked on this and so you have lots of famous people lots of engineers work on this system and it all goes pretty much together with experimentation and each generation of this how that goes further you begin to know that they see it and you begin to know it's I would say it's a common knowledge that goes building together with the building but that believe it's really hard to calculate beforehand yes no it's a CNC machine with a cutting head that's basically like a drill machine it's a little head that goes you put the wooden plate on the machine and this machine goes cutting this thing yeah that is true but we had a hard time finding we didn't find a big enough of these machines around the construction yard and there must be like a couple of them in Sao Paulo which is where we were building and this one was really convenient and it was closed it was people from inside the open source community it was much better to go with them because of all the circumstances and so we like stopped looking after other possible solutions probably the laser cuts you would have like two firms in Sao Paulo would do it they would charge a lot more and this might have made things go wrong this is basically the kind of file that you get from your panels once you have all your 3D models these red lines are the it's the g-code it's basically the path that the machine the head of the machine must walk on the piece to carve it like that it must go up, go down and do the shapes this is basically g-code it's the language that most of the cutting machines in the world, even the 3D printers use and they have each machine vendor has a different dialect so you have like to do adaptations depending on the machine but it's basically the same system in our case we weren't able last year half of last year to do it all in 3D so basically what we did is export these 2D shapes of every piece of the model and then the shop where we did the cut they did the g-code from these files because it was like 8 months ago and lots have been done since then in FreeCAD that wasn't there at that time and we had to produce it and it wasn't there so we did it that way but now, so that's the kind of files that were produced from these files now we would be able to do it in FreeCAD if we had to do it today everything is there to make these g-codes and export it directly to a file that it's ready to send to the machine basically Is it computed or is this manual? It's computed you still have to, for example you take this face and you have, let me show you the path module it's in the next slide but we have now lots of tools to take one piece take the driver face of it and then it calculates all the paths automatically so that's all the work that has been basically done last year there has been a lot of work on that CNC part and now it's totally possible to take all your panacea from each one generates automatically a path and you have lots of options if the holes have to go before the external profile if you have to change the order and that kind of stuff it's really becoming cool that's another tool that we have been working on because of this project is a way to gather a lot of piece and join them in a special, in defined area which would be your base wooden material and to try to lose as little material as possible This is done automatically This interface is basically what you use that's the new tool, nesting tool you define the container you add the shapes in it and it's still pretty slow because it's new and not very much optimized so it runs like half an hour for something like that but that will get better over time we need to optimize it but it basically works that's the new path workbench you see that it has quite a lot of tools already basically now it works pretty much like you define a project, a cutting project that's the interface here you define the size of your base material where is the start point of the head of your machine and then it goes fill this up this is a typical path job and so you have a lot of setup to do but then you just add stuff add operations one after the other and the machine will do one after the other at the moment it works only for cutting because most of the people that worked on this are doing it for cutting but it's exactly the same language that goes for the printer only the thinking is different because you're not cutting you're adding materials so probably we will need to think a bit about it maybe some operation need to be thought the other way but the whole process and the file that goes out of this should be the same all the big part, the hard part is done it would be probably a matter of testing and trying to find what needs to be inverted it's being worked on there is already a lot done like one month ago there was a big change that in the order of the... you do first the contour then you do each hole and some guy called something to calculate the distance between the holes and to reduce that crazily because it was done by its position and now it's done by the distance between the holes so you have a lot of possible optimization to do and it's a long-term work actually but it's totally being done right now actually this is the kind of settings that you put on each each operation that's in your job this is the property of each tool you have some machines that have several tools so you can change and then you define them here so the... if the program knows the diameter it will know where the path must go like if you have a one centimeter tool you need to pass your line at half a centimeter from the border so the border of the tool will be exactly on the line that you want exactly not yet but it's... on here which line it is it's getting really interesting to work with and then at the end you select one of those path processors which will convert the generic JCO that we use in FreeCAD to a specific machine at the moment there are like five or six that work well and the Linux ANC is one of the most well-known controller for this machine so that's the one that's mostly used that's the kind of machine that does the work and basically this is what we learned from the whole experience of this project that it's really easy to fabricate architects... I'm an architect by trade I'm not a programmer, I went into this like by my own but architects are not used to touch the fabrication they just buy stuff that's existing and it's totally a new area that we can enter by using this kind of hybrid space between fabrication and architecture and there is a world where that's not really much explored and that it's much easier than what us architects would think most of us would think and cost control becomes very precise because you have a lot of a lot of data to work with and yeah I won't read all that stuff but there is a lot of experimentation and learning to come from this and that's it

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Haridusasutuste toitlustamise jätkusuutlikkus muutuvas ajas(veebiseminar, 8.05.2020, II osa)

Veebiseminari kohta saad rohkem infot siin: www.sei.org/events/veebiseminar-haridusasutuste-toitlustamise-jatkusuutlikkus-muutuvas-ajas/

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No nii, kas olemme valmis etasimine maan. Ma luotan, et te kuuletemid. Meisin vahe peal katsusime erinevalt asju, kui luotan, et te ajal midagi sassi segamini. Järgnevalt siis meil on jõl teises osas terver ita ette kandeid, me siis jagame erinevalt organisationide, koolide kokemus ja ka enne seda on võib olla mõistlik, siis teha väike ülevaate keskunhoidilike riigihankete uutes kriteeriumites toitelutusustenustele. Paljuskinne teemad, juba olid eelevalt ette kandjate puhul tesitatud, aga kollegi Eveli Piirsaluteep siis ühe parema struktuursema ülevaat, mida on et uue, et Euroopa liitu keskunhoidilike riigihankete kriteeriumites kuiutavad? Ja, teega minu puhut ma võigevalt mahetan oma slideid ära ja siis saab ära ikimu. Tegelikult jah, et tänan sinne keskunhoidilike riigihanketes kriteeriumitest juba mitmal korraljutu olni aaroetekantes, kui ka Anna koist. Aga minu ei ole siis toon näselise ülevaata sellese, kui ta Euroopa liit on siis näinud, et millised kriteeriumit võiksid olla, et siis just keskona mõju vähendada, toidus, toiduvu ainete või toidustus teenuse keskona mõju vähendada. Ja lisel taustaks natukene nii palju, et Euroopa liit on siis välja töötanud keskunhoidilike riigihankete kriteeriumit. Päris palju teile tootere ühmatele selle kahe kümnele ja selvulga siis ka toidu ainetele ja toidustus teinustele. Kriteeriumit nüüd üld jõunes jagunevad kaheks, et on põhikriteeriumit, mida siis võiks nii välda, kõikides hangetes kasutada ja siis on antutka, ei ole täiendavad kriteeriumit, kui tahetaks siis võib olla sellist täiendavad keskona hoidu saavutada. Ja nii kriteeriumid on siis ka hangkes üld, see on keskona kriteeriumi võimalik esitada erinevates hangke osades, et nii on sellega siis välda toodud nii tehnirises kirjaduses eks miinimun kriteeriumitena, et mis millele peaptingimata vastama aga on antud siis ka võimalused hindamis kriteeriumitena võininkait teemal täiendavad puukte ja siis ka leppin kui täitmise klausid ja tegelikult on sellega, mul siinud ei ole kirjasaka, et ei ole ta kvalitikid seerimis tingimuselt. Ja mul on bandud siin alla kaselik, et kusneid eestikeelseid kriteeriumi siis hangetevuhul, toidustus hangetevuhul on saada. Ja tegelikult, et kriteeriumid nüüd toidustusele oli väile töötud juba 2008, kui 110 esimest rühma nüüelda kriteeriumid saiid, aga nüüd eelmise lastel on siis tegelikult nüüd kriteeriumid ülevaadatud ja täiendatud. Nüüd on täiesti uud ja ennaku mõib on mainisin, et tegelikult eestikeelte toilgitud keraste nii, et saab sellet dokumenti kõikele uitaad, siis ka tätsumalt alla laadida Euroopa liitu keskondid kriijangete kodulehebelt. Ja kriteeriumid nisäe on siis nii toidukauppatele, toidustus teelustele, kui müügiautomaatidele, aga ma tänasa setakalt siis võib ole, et müügiautodele, nii müügiautomaatidele väga ei keskendel siis pigem toidukauppatele, toidustus teelustele. Ja nüüd kriteeriumid on siis toidukauppate puhul selgõige mahe kriteeriumid, mahe toidukauppate, nagu siin oli ka juba mitmel korral mainitud, aga tegelikult on ka mere saadustele, kala toodetele ja vesiviljelus toodetele, kriteeriumid, looma teheolule ja siin eil kõige siis on jõutust munadest ja just vabapitamise ja üre kanal munadekasutamine. Siis on sest keskonoid, kui taimiste rassadekasutamine, mis on siis nagu viita tegelikult mis põllumaandus standarditele ja viimaks siis õiglaste eettiliste kauppade kasutamine, siis eil kõige sellise fair trade, märgisega toodete küsiminähangetes. Ja võib olema natuke täpsema siis peadun mõnelkult teelumi, mis siin on küsimusi võib olla vägite. Et se mahe toidu kaubatan siis juba üsna palju, ka kasutama hakkatud või on tekitab võib ole sellist võige esmaanel lähennemine on keskonoid kriteeriumide panemselist mahe toidul, et siis ka Euroopa liitne pete, et võitsuda siis küsida, nii ol ta kriteeriumine kõikidele toidu ainatele mingi procentiina, või siis on näile toodud mingisuguse toodtegrubbid, mis siis kõik toodud võiksid olla mahebõll ja mahealtaslikud. Ja on siis toodud välja nii, et seda või parastada siis nii kaalust või kui ka või vuostude väärkusest, et kui ta siis hankki ja parasevu seda ise soovib ja seda või küsida siis nii tehnisest kriteeriumid, et nii minu teeriumina, kui siis tegelt või vandaga nii halda punkte proportionalist, et kui näiteks pakutakse enammat osakaalu. Vara semas liit teeriumidas oli tegelikult ka hauealised, et ka kaubad, tähendab palastavad kriteeriumid või võimalik küsida, ka hauealisi kaubasid sellemata, et neid või võiks olla, kui käveks on keskona mõju ja võib olla ka parem maidse ja kvalite, siis praegu tegelt neid kriteeriumina sisse, ei ole punkte, aga tegelikult on selline märge kirjaduse suures, et hanked võibalt tegelt individuaalist otsustakas tegelikult ikkagi soovibad küsida, et hauealist kaupara siis võiks pakuta. Siin kohaliktoit on kaasin palju küsimusid ekitand, et otsaselt kohaliktoitu küsimine, kui selline kriteerium ei ole tegelikult lubatud, riigihanket riiglitte koha sellt, kuna see võib olla diskrimineeri, kui otsaselt pannakse mingis mõne maab on, või riigi märge sinna juurte, aga sellne võib võtta seda väitse sellise loominkulis on, et tegelt on lupatud, nagu ma iljen kriima mõjuna siis transporti mõju küsida, et siis seda kui tagi võib ole transporti teema tega situda, aga peab olema seotud keskona mõjuga, et lihtsad kui sellist, et peab olema kohaliktoit, sellis kriteeriumi tegelikult hankestisissa ei või kirjutada. Ja toitustus teinuse kriteerumid siis, no seal on seist, et samat toitu ainete kriteerumid, aga lisaks pannakse mängal küsites pakku ja päte, kui selle erinevate keskona teemadega tegelemisel on käsitud siis taime põhised me nüüd, et kui ta seda sinne sisse kirjutatud jäädmete teemad on sees, kui ta seda väitida sortida kõrvalda ja loomulikult siis eri lausidanga toidujäädmetele. Nogusin mainitud oli ka aarobolt juba sellised ühe või mitmekord seda nõude kasutamine ja puhansus vahendite vähavõri toodasite pohul ökkomärgisega toodasite kasutamine ka vee ja energia tarvime kõige siis ühetbord, siis seadmete, et on ergis äslikud seadmete, aga tegelikult ka sellised tavad ja keitubustlik pool on võimaliks sinna sisse kirjutada, et siis pakku ja kirjeltaks siis, kui ta seda on enda läbimohendud. Siis jahtu oidu vedu on samuti, et ju se kõttuse kulu vähendamine ja ohu saasta ainete heidete vähendamine, et kui ta see on saakutatud, et siin on see kohalikuse teema tuleb sisse, et kohalikult toodud se kõttuse kulu kinnasti on väikse. Samuti on keskona juhtimise teemad, et see on se pakku, et el võiks olega keskona juhtimine ja siis kirjeltu, kui ta see tavad on, et te võtes seadtud. Eeraldi on tootud välja, aga toituda jookida ümpärja, aga me neeksi se koostu toidub vanga, kui selline annetamise teema, et Euroopaliidus on semaa, et kui peab leppin, kui leppin, kui plausi selle sisse kirjutada, et see võiks olla see. Seda on see nakatud natuke näga juba Eestis mõttama ja kui pole üks praegus, et ka kriisi ei olnud korras. Kui on küsib väljumul aega? Läpin ja. Okei, no ma tassin jaha, et see on tegelikult paare. Slaid on väl lisaks, ma siin taime toitu ja toitu jäetmete puhule, et mis siin võiks arvestada, aga kuna aegi kiustab peales este võitane, et siit lisaks laidide naa vaadata, siis ka kriteerevitest ennast täpsevad, mis sall siis küsitud on, et praegu minu koht kõi ja naks siin sanasi suvesti Harrile. Vahetame, vaatame kohti. No nii, vega jaevelin, aga ma jaevelinile juhkralt, kui nad on mele kollegi, juhkralt ei annatall ühtegi küsimust, kuna ajaliselt saame teemabalt kokkuhoida, aga ja hüleskud see on siis see, et tegelikult olgi heaad ja vaadak neid juhenmateriile, mida Euroopa komission on koostanud, et tegelikult paljud esimete me tänaga räägime, ne neppu näid, et juhiselt on ju sial antud ja meie oks oli kahv üllaltus, kui me seda oma projekti siin oleme läbi viinud, et paljud inimesed ei tiage, et sellised juhiselt on välja töötud, aga samas mõte, kui me arvestama sellega, et ne juhiselt on üldiselt ja lõkkokuvates me peame ju tegelikult konkreetse hankke või olukorras arvestama, aga speciifilist olukorda, vajadusi ja muidas ja sellepras me loomki heame ennud sanda järgimeöda, sõna, etasi ja järgmisen on me siis esilemas Sirli Söstra tartus, kes sanab siis ülevaat mahe tõudu pakkumises toetemises tartu toetususankeltes. Meie ei oma, ei ole tehnine tõrgedekis, ma loodan, et saa Sirli, Sirle olet kuuldel ja saad akata rääkima sinigogu, kui me üritame sinu meid saite korda teha Ma see Sirle peaks saama, kui tema ka vise jagama siis sinu omale maha, nii Sirle, kui sa saad provid oma, ettega nad jagada siis meie oma kaub siit testara Ja, tere, olema kuulda Ja nii, väga kena et ja, tere, võikile, kuula ja telem Ja, ma vaaka tänan, et tartu linnan palutud oma kukemust jakama lendsada suurima hea meeläga et, mul on toistik etteganesin ette valmistatud ja kohäe jaka on seda ja pakkan siis rääkima sellest Nii, nii, on mu ettegane näha ja ja on aga ja eks siis kõige pältseline vaik üle vaate et, tartu linnas on siis 30 lastaeda munitsipaal lastaeda viis lastoidu 16 põhi aritustandvad munitsipaal kooli ja kolm haritusfikirivajadust aga läste kooli et, tartu linnas on toitustusanked koraldatud siis seda siia, et nelvi läpi kohalikomavalitsus et, kartu linn, ets on centraliseeritud et asutuse visem ei peal sellega tegelema ei peal näid hankatingimusi välja töötama ei peal teadma kõik tõiguslik aluseide kogusele töödeb ära koma valitsus ja erinevalt siis seda sellest rootsine eestis ja tartus siis ka et öesti kooli toit valmistataks otsu kasutustas koha peal kõige sõüblaruumida antakse tasutatoidustajale kasutamiseks siin on mul ka numbris et välja tootud, et mitmes koolisja lasta jas meil ne toitustusanked et kell on olemas ja lepingut ja kõik selle lisad siis sõlmib haritusasutuse juht et alpega mingisukun ülevaada sellest kõigest olema ja koha peal nesinda ja anikagi temaasutuses ja saab igapäevasel siis lomulikus kaas rääkida sellest me nüü koos kõlastamisest tallonga teata üppile soma valitsuse esintuse ja huule kogus eesu kohad ja soovid eksis koostööst toitustaja pekkagi mingil määralle pidavalt keline koostöö käib valdavalt siis lepingut ta kuulid ja puhul sõlmida see viieks aastaks, kus toitustaja tegelikult sisusta pisääd köögi ruumid seepärast ka seepikämme et see kõik oleks tasu üppilast arvud on olused suuremmet kuhu lastaäetades lastaäetade toitustus lepingut on keskumisel kolma aastat ja ruumid antakse koosis justuse seeadmetega toitust äle ei justused siis lasta arvud on olulised väidsemad aga tõesti enamus tartu linna lastaajad ja nüüd perangine aga siis üks kool ilmatsalu kool veel mis lihtuslissalt natukene hiljem tartu linna ka kusin tartu linna piire siis nendas on toitustamine mita toitustust ei nuse korra seks siis se tartu linna palkal kogad teevad ka päevasel toitu ja ise koostavad me nüüd ja nüüd ja siis mingid mingid aastatakasi siin hiljuti tõesti tartu linna üks olikoguliigetegi ette paneku, et üldse tartu linna hankates võiks avkat edas pidi keskonna huidilike tinkimusi sisse viima ja aga 2017 aasta tartu linna arengukavassa sai üks selline vahva huuliva linna peaduk mille koha sellt siis nii tartu linna allasutustes kui koja tartu linna korraldata võttel üritustel soovitatakse elistada maheda ette tervisliku toitu ettoitustus anket puhul on siis see, et ma räägin kohevärsti ka sellest, et millised, et sät, et seal on kuidas me sellem mahedoid osaka alu oleme toitustus anketas üles seadnud aga see eluoks väl nii palju, et teistisab siis kasutada sellist, et see alse toitust, et tälle maheeldud jõkko märki ja aga setan, et meie toitustus anket sisaldavad, et kui plakku ei on juba kinvita, nad et on valmis mahedoorainet plakkumama mennüüdas tal on siia juures kohustus siis kas ökko märg taotleta ja seda väljasta peestisvetterinaar ja toitu on, et nii seda väljastakse kohapõhised, eks siis see janta mida sellel ette võttele ja toitlusta või ka mida omavalitsusele vaid kohapõhiselt eks siis sellel jõra vahet, et kas see on toitlustaja või on see kohut et kui ta vastab nendele kriteeriumi mittele kolmes vahemikus on võimaliks taotleta et on siin slidei välja, mul toutu kui ma jäkast ümber lukema et siis sellise põimolse on olemas nii ja nüüd lähemalt siis see ne toitustusanketreest me oleme imoidi selle ülesse adnud, et se pakkuja esitab reaalselt siis mingis haridusasutuses juba pakkutut kohen, et ala menüü ka kinvita eelinavateleppin kut olemas olu eksis meie jauks on kogemust ähtis et me ei ostainud hinda, vahid musta me kvaliteiti see aljuures ka hinda me kogemust me mängi märgi, me tabia märgima siis pakkumusel ära, et kas ja millises ma husta on valmis maha toorainet pakkuma et need on onnud erinevad et varasema tühtemoodi, nüüd sellest astast oleme neid muutnud, ma räägin sellest ka kohä peage ja siis tartu linnavalid sõpult me muutust onne commission sinna kuuluva tartu linnavalid sõpult erinevatest osakondest inimesed, et mina siis on kälepivijana tavaliselt meie osakonast väljurist on haridusosakonast inimenev inimesed on tervisojuteinistusest tervisojuspecialistid ja onga tarttukut sariduskeskusest oitu technologikasatud ja mida me siis intame intame seda, et me lähme asutusse reaalsel koha peale sellest asutusse kus siis se pakku ja toitu pakku phetkel ja intame selle toitu maidsed lõhna vastavusmenüüle välimust, kokust et siis annemagi sellel rastra linnan kuuh ning saama põhimõtte tegelikult toimub ka leppingut ja järelkontrolli ajale mõned leppingut on ukskord sõlmitud siis me teeme ka järelkontrolli ja saama muutime muutustamäe kumisoni kes siis peamiselt samu asju hindab aga siis lisaks ka üldist oidustemise korraldust ja siia lulga soomulikud siis me kontrollime juba ka mahe tooraine pakkumist et me tesimesed hanked kus siis esmakordselt seda mahe tooraine valuti pakkuda antivõimalus pakkuda oli siis seda siia, et oli võimalikävalida et kas mahe tooraine ei kasutata et said valida sellise verendi või koupapruppite lõikäs sa võisid pakkuda vähemärk 25% kogu tooraine kokusest perävilja tootteid ja või 25% või vähemärk 25% liha tootteid ja või 25% kogu tooraine kokusest mahe puu ja köökelilja et siin selle järgelkontrolli käiguus tekkisikisin noh sellised nii toilusteltabuulset ette panekud kui ka me rääkisime veterinaar ja toitoamettika ja saime aru, et jatud mõttes on vaja neid ühtustada et mitte tekitada rohkem lisatööd et me toitustatele ja kõisendale et neid elmised tingimusat siis on hetkelle kehtivad 10 startulinnakuulis neljast startulinnalastais ja kolmest startulinnalaste hoius aga nüüd sellest aasta siis oleme muutnud proovinud natukene painlikumaks minna ühtustada natukene seda mahe toorainepakkumist aga samas olema annud sellis jõadnud jälle järgmisesmärgi ja ambitioni kõisendale eksis nüüd vähemalt 20% pakkumine mahe toorainepakkumine me nüüd ei annanam lisapunkta vaid see ei juba peapolema ja lisapunkta saab kui sa oled valmis pakkumel vähemalt 51% kokusest mahe toortaid ja me ei ole kauplakruppide löike senan välja toonud et see on nüüd kas lihaa või teraavilii või mis ikanes vaid olema annud ka sellesmõttes jätnud painlikus ja toilust ajale et ta saab sohtama arvestada selle kui kredse kaupakette saadavust et näiteks nagu siin ka aarud ei enne välja et kui tekis olukord, kus oli kaks kartulipakku et mahe kartulipakku siis tekis ma on puolne seisund siis nüüd on see et me külle eeltame et kordkuus vähemalt oleks teravilja tootad ja kõükvilja, puuvilja, muna pima tootad pakkutud aga me ei ütle enam et see te pole ma kindlasti vähemalt 25% eks see saab isa valide pakku ja saab isa valida et mida ta rohkem pakku, mida vähemaga kordkuus siis peaks olema neid kongredset tootad, mis siin on välja ja õnneks on melga siis neid lastaajad osad lastaajad kes täna oma kuhkadega toitlustavad kes ei ole toitlustusankke korras toitlustavad lastaajad ka oma alkaktuslikut juba mahe toorain, et vapa tahlikut siis sa võtnud oma menüudesse proovinud ja peamisel siis on kasutus el pudruhelpe, jahud teised teravilja tootad veise liha veise hakliha kõrgemini kette saadavan siis puu ja kõyki vilja pirmutatud marju, kei, ise ja muna oleme siis küsinud ka nende käest, et miks nad ei ole kasutanud rohkem või mis on, et takkistus ja olema ka jakanud seda info tegelikult meie veelühe tänasa et ta kandi jaka meritmitruga et neid hinnad on kõrgemat loomulikult et lastaajad on ju tegelikult laikased et meil ei ole suurimamud lastaajad et kaks suuremat on ülejänta nikakiseliselt 4-6-8 rühma et ne kogusete ei ole olnud väga suure tegelikult, mida nad lajavat ja mida nad tahaksid osta et siis ne hinnad on sedatud kõrgemat ja paljutel juhtütele ei tullu kõltsa kauppa kohale et siis kogusete on väitsed ja se tarni ütleketa ei taitu seda kohale ja osata on märkind ka seda kõyki viljete pusul on suuret ja mõned kõyki viljate mõned te kõyki viljete varud on juba üpris varakult sükisel otsaseks tivateki mingil juulejad aga jäk võib on siis nendele nendele asutustelekes tänakuulavad ja mõttevad et miks üldse naku toitustus ankes osaleda ja miks kas teha seda oma kõyki baasi letasi või või ikkagi lüü ja käet mõned ettevõtti aga kes tulab ja teepa oma paremante teatiste kohaselt siis me ei oleme tartus näinud küll seda et tegelikult neete asutus et kus on hankekorras toitustamile et sial on lihtsustõnud nende töötle ja enda töökorraltus ja tegelikult on olnud oluliselt lihts on minna kõile mahetorain ja kasutamisel et nendele ettevõttetel siis toitustusteenust pakkuvad on paremate likipääsut paremate hintete ka kaupale sial on laiems fortiment nende oskustiaave menüüdekuustamisel aga ikasukuste õigusaktite rakentamisel menüüdes üldse toitustamisel korraltamisel on ikkagi kõrgel tasemel ütleme see personali värpambine välja üppää toimuk samamuuti kõkin enda vastutusal et ned haritus asutust tööt ja tegelikult saaks keskenduda peamisel toisti sellale tegevusele mis on nende prioriteet teksis üppee tegevusele piviinisale et loomulikulta minu isel kavaga hintan toitu ja see on mulle olnud läb jäägati seda me läheb tänne teema ja ma räägim seda ikkagi nagu olen sellega äöksul palju rääkkinud nii tartulina haritus asutust kui kui nendel erinevatel seminaritele et see ütlevõimäe ja lapse aarenke tervis on kõik väga oluslisest see osest tegelikult toitu elsele kvaliteediga ja mulle ental on väga suurampid see on seda keskonna huidliku teema toitustushanketes startu toitustushanketes etas jarendada ja ma loodan väga, et see koostöö on selline pikkia iluise jätkosutlik ja toobikagi pigem rõõmu kui mureesid kaasa aga ita ma olen lõpetan, et siis ma võin vastataka monele küsimusele kui neid on jaa, ajaa ajaa hetas ja ma praegu vaatsime silma on urgast otsesel küsimusi olega aga ma kuulta, et põne teema mõned mõtted olidaga võtames siis neid kõikne küsimuset praegu niil sinna laeku ma väl kutsun üles inimesi, et kõikki tahavad küsimusi esitata mingesel vestus kastibiaale, mis on siin menüs ja näete, et see oli upa osatele küsimustele on jooksvaltisegi iralikult vastuseid tehtud et küsigisel küsimus ja võtame siis liel ta lõpus, kui on aruteleme siis neid olulised teematel aga läheb siis edasi suurtenu velkord, et järgmisen on meil siis jau emolus kuulata pärnu linna lastaadete koolide kokemusi just sellise lühikise tarnahella käevitamisel kohalikult oitu perspektivist vadatuna ja meil on siis merele ei ole pärnu ma arendus keskus eske saana täiks ülevaate, merele olet sa olet sa kuultel ja tere, minu olen kuultel ja valmis teile jakama meie kokemuste tervitus, et siis päikselisest pärnuste, ma proovin kohe leida ülesselle oma õige slideesituse nii kas on nähtave ja väga hästi, et püe nüüd 15 minut jooksul kogku võtta siis kahe aasta töö ja räägin sellest, et kui me pärnuus väga suures koost oleme pisikeste samu teha vaale edasi läinud sellel teemal et vaatata järgi mis toimab meie lastahedate ja kuulide toitlustuses ja muutaseda olukorda paremaks et kui nüüd natukene endast rääkida siis põhikohaka ma töödan pärnu ma arendus keskuses olen osallise tööhajaga rahvotervise turvallisu specialliste elnemalt oli täis koha samuti siis toimutan pärnuamaitsete meeskona liikmega meeskona liikmena et mis on siis liitergruppide suur koostöö projekte et taitata kohalike toitukultuuri ikkagi piltiloida ja kõikele lisaks on mul oma läge mtüü roheliselt väärskelu alates 2015. aastast mis leesmärk on siis propagerida kohaliku mahe toitu meeskona sõbraliku elustiili ja viia läbi tervisäe koolitusi et see on mul hästi südamel läheb tänne teema vingi läbi siis päris palju koolitusi ja katsul maailma päästa sellel ajal kui ma põhidöötei teisele prastab kaheksä tunniga ei jõu kõiki pajaliku eluvi aga valentsi ja lõptmute kuhume siis koost tõus pärnu maakulna siuda me soovime, et kohalike väike talunike tootank on lastaäda teia koolida toitulauval ja me nüüd on tervislikud tasa kahalustatude miks me seda teeme et mina ise toimata on pärnu arendus keskuse, tervisedeenduse vallas tervisäarenku instituti rahatetoel kõikid sa maakondad ees teadupärast tervisäarenku instituut siis jaotab rahasi maakuna tervisedeenduseks ja meie siis oleme võtnud eesmärgikse pärnu ma elanike tervis korras oida olkunad suuretoväikset inimased medicin aleneb kui rahvotervis halve ja 2018 taastal avaldatud tervisäarenku instituti uurink selles sel kus et igan eljaa sesinsa klatsieistis on ülekaaluline või rasvunude ja ka tervisedeadlikke lastevanemate ja tervisedeendate tähele vanekud on sellised olnud mis minul on jõudud et lastaadate kooliteme nüüd sisaltavad oluselel määral valgedrafineritud suhtud ja jahu mis siis maailma tervisorganisationi sõnul on põilse tervise ätade põhjustad nüüd on haikustenimistus ja peed rasvumine südamia vedesoonkona haikusete ja pealegi oleme kõik ka jäägi natusest tugenude ja kuulnud, et mõrgi näe välismaine puhja kööki vili on liiga suurel määralme ja toidulauval nii et seega siis kui me arvestame tika neljas esimse klasi lapsi lapseistis on ülekaaluline või rasvunud see tähentab et nad lapseks et sõevad kotus ja lastaajas ja nii koodu kui lastaajad, hiljem ka kool on vastutavad meie lasteterviseest ja omakasusilmas pidades, kui me mõtleme et tõhelt maalt olememe kõik pensionäride kes siis teenib meile pensioni kui kasvab üles põlvkond haikeide inimesi ja teisest küllest miks selle teemaga tegelta et kohalik tervislik toitoleks meie lastaajad et ja koolida lauale majantuslik mõeu et kohalik omavaliselt puhult teeritav lastaaja toitte ja kooli toitte mille maksab kinnine riikku lapsevaneemade se kõusneb suurelt ja olt välismaisest toodankust ikal võimalusel ikal seminarile kus ma kohtan kohalik omavalisult inimesi ma rõhutan, et ostes köögivilju toetame välismaispõllumeest tarpides kohaliku toitu toetame kohalik ette võtjeid näiteks meil pärrumu arenduskeskuses me väga püüame alati tuva keiteringida lauale kohaliku tootankut ja oleme ka toitlustajate lööelnud et me soovime nähasin kohalike tootjate suubisteiden ja toitu kooli majantuslikult võtta siis kohalik ette võtjetem maksud laekuvad omavalitsustesse mida siis omavalitsused saavad rahaliste vahenditega ringi planeerida ja mida tugevam kohalik ettevõtlus ja ta tugevamaat omavalitsused ja me piirkunnas pareminelame ning üks eesmärke on väl see, et käivitada ring majantus ette võtjate ja lastaadade koolida vahel näiteks minu ja oks oli väga üllata kuulta kui meil üks mahemahla toot ja ütlepeta vägasuudet kogu see teks oli õunakõrvitsa õunaporganti ja tal ei ole külle ütleme kõikida lasti mahemärgiste küljes aga ütlekski, et neid kui porgaandid kõrvitsad on kasvatatud ilma mürkide kemit kahlidata ja neiseb nii palju niis kust aga tal pole meid jääk kuskele panna, nii et avib naabri omakomposti nii nüüd me ole mõelnud seda et kui ta näiteks sellise toot mis jääkid, mida küllei tohi tervisameti kuultes toot mis jääkideks nimetada jõuak siit näiteks lastaadade kööki sümpoolse hinnaest, mida sa väga edukalt kasutada kotlidides, kübsetistes püree suppides, et see on näike küsimärg kui ta siin edasi minna aga, et fokus toida siis oleme me entajaks kirjutanud valmis sellised suured strategiilse dokumentid mille järgi meil piirkunnas täpselt meeldib elada ja kutasme saame oma unistuset elu viia nii et Pärnu Maarengkustar teigesse 2035 plus ja uute Pärnu Ma tervis ja oluprofiili 2028 kuni 2023 me oleme sisse kirjutanud kõik sellised põhimõtted teuda siis tervislikku kuuli ja lastaja toiduni nii et kohaalik talud oda olex kohvikutes, restoranides perede toidulautadel ja lähtudes sellised suured strategiilse dokumentidre on hea oma võokkust hoida ja Pärnu Ma tervis ja oluprofiilis onki siis oli 2019 sahtisime tegevuskavase Pärnu Linnalastaja tämenüüte kardistamise sellel aastal on siis Pärnu Linnakoolide ja Pärnu Maakonna lastaja tämenüüte kardistamineanalyus ning tulema lastal siis loodame ettevõtta Pärnu Maakonna kooolid et nimoti steppaist teppet me näeme kui suur ja maahukas töö se on ja siis ühekoraka kõike plani eri teha missal nüüd kõige olulisem siis käivitata sama aekselt ka lühike tarnahel põllumaantust tootjate ja kooolide lastaja täte vahel see alul kaas infobanktootjateste eepuut näitismenüud recettikogud hästi olulil ongi siin 3 sektori vaheline koost, kus oleks haaratud nii analiksektor, vabaöhenduset kui erasektor ja mida olen minna siis teiste lõpetama ikka kõige päratule pise eeskujuks olla, et eeskujuks olemine pole peamele viisteisi mõjutada see on ainuke viis nii et mina olen võtnud seisu kohaa, et meisa muut ei nimesi küllaka saame muutanende vähardus hinnan kui tõstenende teadlikust ja jakadeneile vahelikku infote ning ei ole mõte et oma tegevussuunata vajite näiteks menüte korrastamisel kui puutub võimalus ostasi seda kohalikku valitehtse toorainete või siis ei ole koolide lastajad valmis isäe seda tegevustellu viima nii et kui mina esmakostseltama mõtega välja tulin tervi seda rollise 2018 taltoise formi alustada lastajad menüte kartistamisega ma võtsin ette lastajad seelepärast, et me ole niis ja üheks saast pernuloutus saanud keskona halidust maa konna inimestele lastajad on olnud väga tänu värne sihtry ma tunnen nii väga hästi, ma teaan avalikusektoriorganistationi hingaviste ja siis oliki vajalik põhjendada oma tegevust, et miks me nüüd alustame vaatlust, kartistamist ja korrastamiste Mina tead siin, et on see vajalik kui me pidiin põhjendama üsna palju oma heale koostobartnerile perulinnavalitsusele ja kuna ma ise pernumarendus keskusest töötan siis loomolikult mei olime üks osapuul jeestetale vedaja, ning et me ola kaasatud ka üleriigistilis projekti, kui saitaks avalikusektoriga koostud käivitada siis ka oma em tõü kaudu ma osa tegevusi viisin elu ning me osalesime koos pernulinnavalitsuse aritus osakonnaisin tega ja lastajad esin tega sootsiehalsinnovatsiooni koos loome laboris projektis, avalike teinustadele keerime kodani köhen tustale et justimelt saada ne tõüriistad kui taas mitme sektorivahel koostud teha ja me seadsime oma esmergiks kohalik mahe toit lasta ajata toitulavu ole tegelkult me oleme seda ideid viikise ütleme korri keerinud see ei pea olema justimelt mahe toit ja ta ei pea ole ma ainult kohalik või eesti maine et siin on kogulepete kohad kui taas mõlemel osapuolele sopilikum oleks aga, ta nu sellele mulle oli võimalus vapa ühendusena sisene koos loomeprogrammi ja koostus oli kaasata sinna avalikusektoriorganisatsioon siis meil muodustaski ästi, tore, tiim ja linnavalitsuse inimese et ja lasta ajata esin tega siin seööelnud et nad said nii palju uusi teadmisi nii palju nende vaatenurk lajennes et kõik see kliindideekonna kartistamine see teinuse mõju väärduspakkumise ahel ütlemenet komistus kivid mis see lühikesest arna ahela teel võiksid tekkida ütleme kui jera ette võtti jauks on selline loomulik teadmine siis avaliks sektor sellega pigeme ei ole niimoodi kogku puutunud selle nurkalt mõelnude ja saimegi hütleme koost sakasime kujundama meid tegevusien et samme et kui nüüd ühelt maalt on see ideaal eesmärk saavutatud kui taas kohalik toitoon lasta ajata te ja koolida köögis ja käivitunud on lühike tarnaahel, et kui taas sinna nii jõuda jõuda kärle ma olen autogisega siis minutit selge ajata ja jõudsemegi sinna et koost ja koost ja selline ühiseid infobasi koostamine on väga oluline ja siis me nüüd kardistamise sa oli kaasatud siis nii paikuse lasta ja tervise juhtu kui pernulinnavad sarditus osakond saatis juhtnööre välja siis ütleme tema kui lasta ajata te pida ja sõna maksis ja meilse proces käivituse kenaasti analüsiti kahe nädalame nüüd ja menüde hindamis komissiooni olid siis kaasatud paikuse lasta ja tervise juht kutse haridus keskuse kutse õppetaja ja pernul tervisameti vaneminspektor ning pokult et tegemisel osaleska tai poittumisel iikumis valkonaas ekspert Tadlipitsi kesandis meile soovitusi ja selkuski et menüde tase on ebaühtlane kohati on meni ühe külksed ja neid uud lihtunud ütleme vallad sial võib olla ka see kaugemat pernulinnakeskusest toidugäte saatavus on veidi kähvem et oli kõrvale kaldeid just nimelt neteks sellise et kõrvale kaldeid märkast päris palju, et kus oli supjakis sell, või nagu siin näha on et piima tootet ülekaalus, nii hommikul lõunal kui jõhtul, kui jõoteks on piima toote, või siis nisu toote ja panen ka raporti linki saate ise rohkem selle ka tuttuda nii pidan veel selkus et eba kõll on koduste toitumisarjumuste ja lastas või kuulis pakutavate mei nüüd vahel nii et lapsed on kodusarjunud sõema kiir toitu, lapsemana et ei viitsi soo ja toitu teha või ei oskan seda teha, nii et tarvis on koolitada ka lapse vanemait tarvis on koolitada ka kokkasi nii koolites kui lasta aedates sest osatele inimestel puutuvad nagu tehadmised tasu kaalustatud tervislikume nõi koostamisest või siis toitumise erivaadust tega lastele toitu seda leek koostamisest ning isiglikeskuju lasta aedatab jõpetate puhul ja nendevärtu sinnan kut on kavaga oluline nii et kuhume olemasi hõudnud et tarvis on ikkakiluva kohalik ikkake annepaase sõlmida koosteleppet juba kevaadel kas lastajad koolit ostavad kuhuritud kartulit või kuhurimata kartulit viisime läbi küppereisik kohalike talunikke juurte oma häit kokemusi on jaganud mahe tõuraine kasutamisest erinevaad maakonna ja linnakoolide lasta ja kokka majadusjuha tälle viisime läbi toituserveerimise eetika koolituse viisime läbi ka kontakt seminaritalunik ja lastaja täta vahel selliseid väitsed samme on päris palju tehtude ning pia parvestamad lasta ja koolid on arvestatava suursaga tarbiad nii ksavad tohetada kohalikku ette võtlust minna tundlikuda ja tegime ka kartistuse minu MTÜ projekti raames et vaadata kui palju kasutatakse kohalikku tõuraine või kellel on huvi, et koguse kõõgivile kasutamisel on suuret nii et tasu püelda sellä poolä et see tellimused lähebsid kohalikele põlumatust ootitele mitte nagu piiritakustele tootitele siis on meil koolideme nüüd kartistamine kohel üptemassa tegelikult kahenata menüud on onha lüüsitud kohel kohel saab hakkame avaltama raportite ning sykisel planeeriime kooli sõgle külastada ning anda siis koolidele tagasi sit ette nendest menüda kartistamisest et et see on suke näistigi ide kokku et ta slideide pealt saate isa siis rohkem juurte lisada aga ütle meil et väga tukeviad ihe ja hea koost on onnud põhjuseks et mis me oleme miks me oleme siia jõudnud eda siis tahame käsile võtta täpselseltel sama keskonna hoidlikud hanked ja jätkusuutliku lastaja ja kooli toitlustuse nii et suur tänu teile kuulamaste ja ita põneva seminariest suur tänu ja üks küsimus tulii kõll aga küsimus sa juba vassist äramas on aru et selle menütehintamise aruanne siis kohel kohel tulemas kui juba väljast siis kui millekes on tuttuda lastajatate menüte aruanne on üleval kui te toksitei kuubli otsinkus pärnu linnaa lastajatate menüte analyus või mitagi sellist siis on se kenasti nähtab ja järgmsel nädalal tõena olselt pärnu linnakuulite menüte analyus ja avaltame ja siis võib olem provime siis ja larutud keegus selle kohelikult oidu ja selle teema jõrtevel koorda takasi tulla aeg suuru peale et suur tänu väljkord ja üid läheme siis edasi ja kuulamme, minu hea võimalus siis kuulata Tallinas Aksakymnaasiumi direktori Karle Rundu siis kokemus keskonnaad jaadliku hankke toitustamis osasi just läbi siis direkturimaate oletse kuulne jaa tervist, tere kõigile minu esmekud tänne ongi siis võib ole jagada meega oliselist parimat praktikat just selles võitmes et meil just see hanken kui sellen nädalal avaltoiti ja võib ole mõningat tähel panekud ja sellesest tekkisit veseliselt õppetunid esimene oli üllatuslikult see et nende keskonna teadliku aspektide lisamine on suur väljakutse koolile nagu apilinab ja mainis, et on põimalik minna kahta teed et kas haridu sametiga koostus seda teha või koolil omalgäl selles nagu aarvalu ootega ütle et et milineset onek konkurentsid inkimuset ei võttes arves seda et kui palju kui palju siis meid hanked siis valustatakse vahel kas saa jokat slaidega või kui tas sul oli ja kas träegu ei ole näha träegu ei ole näha selge ka vandan kas nüüd tuli ja ka vandast et koolidelle ei ole või sellist ju riidilist pätevust ka, et näid vaidlusi pärast lõpuni viia, eksis, et just hanked dokumentatiooni koostamine on see millest mina plaanin natuke nagu rääkida selgus siis see, et kuna talinas on palju koolidell siis ned hanked kõrahvus vaheliselt et hästi hästi hoolega jälgitakse seda, et kellelgi ei tekiks konkurentsieelist etse sõnaastus, mis muudin, et suovid näiteks kuoli tähele vanekud oma tee, nendesse dokumentidesse juuavat et vaadataks siis ju ristidega üle ja selle valguses minigat keskonna spektid minna siis kaduma eksis hästi tähtis on, et kuoli jaoks oleks teema prioriteetne mõne võrra see, et enda jaoks on tehtud selgeks, mida soovitakse ja suudatakse siis seda aga põhjendada ja et kinnasti peab olema siis valmis nendeks pingutusteks, et nad sinna hankesse sisse juuaksid ja teine tegelikult, mis võib olla on taganti ärgi tarkus on see, et tegelikult ka oma toitlustaja ka on võimalik saavutada positiivsid kokkuleppeid koostu vormisid et meil oli hästi positiivsid kokemus, et just ka paltikrestauransi, aga kes on meil prääkune toitlustaja, et alates nendest pakenditest kui nii koolibufeti mõnüüni välja, et et ettebane, kui tuad õrvislikult oitu vähendada pakendeid vahetada välja plastik kõrred kasutada, taskasutada, võid nõusid et kõik sellised asjad või etti nagu positiivsalt vastu ja ned olid isegi nii alta väljas puolneid raam dokumentte võimalikult mis võib oleks siis ootusteks või soovideks oleks siis see, et et kuna näha annet õpile et toituvad ühna teadlikumad ja ka pereed et tegelikult see keskona teema on koolidele ikkagi üha rohkem fokusesse tõusmas et siis võiksel ei taga oma valitsust ja agendas ja hangete koostamisel rohkem tähele panu ja siis värtustamist teadlikult on ihan meel, et on plaanissin pilotprojekte teha ja ja tartu kogenmuse on onnud tänase päeva jooksul minu vaks Eesti õpetrik ja inspireerib et just see keskona teadlik lähenemine endele toitlustus hangetele on tegelikult väga väga suur võimalus, et seda teadvustada et see on värtus ja elgõige et need inimese, kes siis neid anged aitavad koostada olexid siis teadlikult ja ka seisukuhal et see on teema, millega tasub tegeleda ja ja jällegi nagu tuudisinn välja elneval et nende keskona sõbralike lähenemisteest, nende sangetes võiksis olla saata neid lisapunkte, et see mulle väga, väga meeldis et see lõpeks tõesti selle inna ja kvaliteedi või mingite loosimistega, pait et tõesti pariim pakku ja kes arvestab ka keskona ja jätkus huudlikusa aspekte siis võidaks ja saaks lastele väärtoitu pakkuda ja puht praktikas ma näen, et tegelikult see tänane konverents juba ongi sellesmate sest sest silma paisteved, et sellel on nii palju kuule jaid, mis tänab seda, et see teema on oluline ja mida rohkem me seda teemad käsid, me seda rohkem siis juuame selleni, et seda teemad takutakse ka rohkem värdustama ja tulemuseks siis võiksid ja olla keskona sõbralikumat hanked ja toitustamine ja millest ma ise võib olla puudustuintsin või, või mis kõidagi väile kasvada et see oleks nagu üleestiliselt selline juhen materjal võis pikr, mida oma valitsustega koostus saaks lisada hankedokumentationi, et mis sõllmaks kõikinei punkte ja teemasi mis tänan juba on käsitletud, või võib ola käsitletakse aga, et kuulidel olex võib ola siis julgust, ka rohkem näid hanked iseläbi viia ja kuna sellan näisti palju juuriidikat et neid olexid siis ka sellised põhimõtted, mis on juba ka juuriidiliselt sõnastatud nimoodi, et et neid saaks kergesti lisada nendesse hankedesse sellised tähele panekud minupuult ja kuna ma tean, et aeg on aeg on diksumas siis kui on küsimusiaale vahel, mis vastama no ma aga hea, et sellis selge ja lühikese ette kandeese, natuke pääsilt meie nii oda aega vakasele aga ma siis natuke kohe kurjalt etten vastu, et kuna otsasat küsimusi otsasati oleb rääkud tulnud siis võtamine, et mun on endal mõne küsimu võtamine, et siis siia larutelu käigus ette selle lõpu koole suur tänu võelga ja tulem sellase juur takasi lühikene võib ola takasi seda, mis pututab võimalikui uhenmatereli koostamist mis on ka siin ennem läbi käinud nendes selles nii oltavestuskastis jut küsimustena siis sellesama stratkid projekti raames on meil plaan, midagi sellis teha et sellepärast kõik see, mida ta tänavaga räägid ja mele sisendina annateme, me kuulame seda tähele panelikult ja provime seda siis arvessevata sellise üllise uhenmatereli koostamiselt väga hea mõi ja läheb siis meie edasi ja järgiseks on meil võimalus bit vaheri, suukautu kuulta, mahe ja puhalikult oitu rakendamise okemusi rõuke oli näitele ole hea, kas olet kuultele? minna kuulan kas teie kuulate ja näetää ja näemä nii, kas presentaatioon on nähtav presentaatioon on nähtas, olid slide stajete peale kavannasis on meil eritti hea painin aga juusis ei toimi elvaate ma isa näen, et mulle on mõiduke jääda juul, see võit ka nii edasi minna ma kardan, et tei näe enimaate aga kas nüüd on nähtab? no me näeme, aga ta on lisalt elvaatena tai ole selle slide ma aga me näeme albi seda slide minna on mehavad proovingi, et otta kas nüüd on nähtab? ja, nüüd on nähtab, aga hea olku, super aga minna räägin siis sellisest täestimikrotasandil algatusest, et rõuga kuul on hästi väike näe kool et meil on 190 tõpilast ja minna on siis MTÜ rõuga kuul see esimes ja tegelikult 2018 aasta kevadel läbi sellise isikliku huvi ja juhusliku kokku sattumuse hakkasin selle teema aga sellasmutas tegelema et tekist unne, et võrmaakunas on kõigää rohkem mahe toutjajit aga rõugää võrmaakunas on kõigää rohkem mahe toutjajit aga võru maakunna inimese, et rääkimates rõugää inimestest meie sellest mahe tootankust osa ei saa sellepärast, et kõik sa läheb tailine ja suurematesse linnatesse et koha peale ei olega selliseid tulele hetkel puutemis pakuks mahe tootankut ja natuke mõttestasime seda teemat ja tekis mõttet, kas oleks võimalik proovida läbi kuuli toitlustamise seda nii olta kohaliku mahedat siis oma lasteale pakkuda ja võibolla ma võtan keete sellise ajajuune ja räägin sellen natuke lahti, et räägi ütlega seda, et rõuga kool on nii väike, et siine ei ole sellist ühte, et me kuulile ei ole kohustust hankkeid korralda tai rõuge valde ei ole korraldanud kui et sentraalseid hankkeid mis tähendab, et selline võimalus ja poindlikus on ästi kõrge et ma saan aru, et praktikan olnud selline, et koulikok ütlema võtab hulgi ladudelt hinnapakkumised ja sellel hinnapakkumise aluse siis tellib vastavad vajaliku toorainet et nii, et 2018 maid tekisidee juuni kuhus juba olin suhelnud siis MTÜ juhatuse liikmetega me oli ühine koos oleks siis kooli juhtkond hoole kogu ja MTÜ juhatus ja selt tekis lihselt otsus või või mõtte, et proovime et vaatame lihselt sellel asja sisse meil ei olnud mingit selge, et plaani, et kuhume juame oli lisad mõtte, et piloteerime augusti kuhus tänu sellel, et ruuge vallas elapinimene kes on mahed aga tegele nõutelu aeg kaja keskülan tänu kaja keskülan, sellistele sitemetele ja ekspertsusele saime kaasata siis elen Beetsmani ma olin koolist ekspertiine ja korraltasime sellise kohtumise kus oli siis kooli juhtkond MTÜ aktiiv ja peakok ja mõne, et siis lapsevanemalt kes oli taisest ka väga huvitatud ja sellel esimesel siis kohtumissel, mis kestis võibla kaks tundi oli tekälikult laual väga palju hirme ja neid hirmuud oli siis sellised, et kõigepelt, et maha on nii kallised ma et üldse vaadatagi lisaks siis, et maha ja köögi viljad on kefema kvaliteetiiga maha ja toit, ma itsta hopis testmoodi tarne tegi toimi või ei tarne tega võib tulla problemes et hulgi latu tega on olnud väga muga kõik toimi kõik on väga lihtnä et kokkale tekib lisadööd ja noh, ilm selgelt tekibki hinnad muutu vadajas ei prõuki püsida ja kaupajätku siis tulen takasi siia augusti kuusse ja kui neid hirmuud olid kõik laual siis kunas oli pilot ja siis oli lihtsad puhtasten ergeste vapatahtlikuse siis me ütlesme nimood, et vaatame, katsetame kasvam võimalik saada siis nii oeltane mahuud võtame septembrigu näitel võtame välja, mis onem mahud, mida kool siis septembris tarbib ja mis on hulgi latuda kõige otavamat hinnad millega siis kool, nagu neid ainet kokku ostab ja võrdlemeneid piirkonas pakutavate mahe tootjate hinda tega nendelle kokustale ja vaatame siis ka juba niiölda ütleme kokuaastal õikes, et arvutame selle samaa septembrigu pealt välja et palju siis maikuuni kusurenet kokuset võiksid olla ja palume siis mahe tootjate pakkumisi, hinnapakkumisi oktoberiks oli siis meil kokuse pakket laual meil oli teada ütlemese ump määrast, et kokuse septembrigu, kogus nagu läks 1.3. tainet ja samamuoodi oli siis korraga lauapäealeekseli, teadaelis mahe tootjate hinnad ja tava tootanku hinnad nendelle samadele mahtudele ja selgus et neljas niiölda kaubakruppis oli hin väiesti võrreltav ja tolal hetkel tegis ka mõtte, et me võiks me püielta selle ökomärgise puole, mis on see 20-50 osakaal mahedana ainu ja valisimagi sellest lähtuvalt välja nelikõige võrreltavamat komponenti, mis oli mahtudelt kaupäris suurad ja nendeks said siis kartul makaron munaa ja kaerahelves kartul ja munaa tulid rõugevallast makaron ja kaerahelves tuli eesti ühelt suurelt tootjalt mis oli ka siis mahe mis see taasisai novembri 6 korraltasime sellise laiema avaalikku mõttuse lapsen vanematele lastele endale kui kõige tegime presidiat ei ta ensime teada, talustame decemberist ja no, kuraks väl tulan takasi oktoberisse, et kui ma olime näete nüöelda rahalised mahud ja kõik kokkulöönud siis me nägime, et 20-25% mahe on võimalik saavutada viimoodi, et me peaksime 50 cm lapsää kohta kuus juurte leidma mis siis umkautus sellise 190 last no, ütleme 200 last see tähendab 100 eurad kuus et see oli lisaks vaja leida et siis meie mõttamid esial kui seline et et December 6 maksab MTÜ või ütleme, meil on kooli hea tegemuslik font et me maksame esimese 6 100 eurad kinni aga sama aegselt siis kuul taotle vallalt sellist piloteerimiseks kunne 9. toidu kuudon et siis saastal 2019. piloteerime ja taotle siis tähendavalt 1000 eurad juurte miti 900 või 1000 eurad juurte hii kaks juhuks ja seega saadi et December 6 se process meil alkas ja märtsik soilid saadud siis esimesed kogemuset et ta mu ootan, kas mul on siin järgmistels laidid else aha siin on mul tootud väljeraldi et mis olid, nad soodustavad tegurid miks me üldsasada nilmootisame proovida on see siis, et kõigeb, et koel hangi toidu ise toid valmikoha peal seal, hulgas, kartuil ja köögivili kooritaks ja rõugas käsitsin kõik kogad ise, kunas on väike kogukond siis kogad on väga ütleme kogad ja üldse koguse kogukond on umavahel nii see ootud ja kogad on väga huvitud et toi ütleks ma itseve kvaliteetne ja see on ka, et lapsed väga kiidavad siis kooli uhtkond oli avatud muutust tälle, kui kui kõrvall on olemase selline tohetus ja piirkonas on siis olemas mahe tootiat ja piisal hulks siis aktiivseid läheb like lapsevanemait aga mis siis ilmnas sellepilloteerimise käigus ilmeski see, et kogu selle muutuse keskmes on kokk ja siin on pilt ka, et siin on siis terje pea kokk siin on kajaogisame ekspert mina isa ja kooli direktor toomas, et neid on inimesed kes ja kõige rohkem on panustanud aga samuti ilmnas siis see, et kui näiteks pakutaks regi mingit vaheviljuhtus selline asi, et AMF-ülgiladumis tegudse fõruus ja millelt siis kool peamisel tellisoma kauba tema tautle mahe tunnustuse aama laule, nii, et kool saks siiaalt ka hakat ostma, mis on oma korda võimalta seda, et ka muudes nii oelda kategoriatese või muudes kui sell oli soodne pakkumine mahe okurtile, lähti mahe okurt oli sellel ja lähti mahe kohukesed, et siis kool said ka näida osta aga selikus seline lugu, et kõigebalt koolile ei ole lau ruumi, et kui pakutaks agi näiteks mingil põhjusel mahe porgandid soodselt siis mele olema seda kuskil hoiustada, siis esi algu võetud se eesmärk, et hakkame tautlema näid märgiseid siis tegelikult sa tegid teas väga palju frustrationi kooli uhtkonna asi aga kokkal et seda kaasa väga palju täiendavõid administrativseid tegabusi ja tegelikult siis kuna oli ka näha et tulengi tagasi sellel ajajuone peale et me ei saanud kättased 30% mahtu ja miks me ei saanud seda kättä oli see, et me tegime arvestuse septembri peale aga kooli me nüüon ütleme koolil on kaheku siis selline pitkune me nüüd sykkel ja seda kombineeritakse et ma ei teas palju naid recette seltäpselt on aga see ei ole selline, mis on aga kärjest läheb sama muudi aga meie arvutasime ju septembri peale mis tähendas seda, et ega sa ei saa kogu aegsada sama recetuuri korrata et sa peab vaheltuma ja kuna se vaheltus siis see ei tullnud, et mahut teis siis mis selkus oli see, et noi isti makaron natukene sellek valiteet ei olnud päris see selleks glimpi, aga kuna makaroni kogusikakel üsna suur ja siis see vahetati itaul ja mahe makaroni vastu ja kuhle ei taotlenud siis seda tunnustust, mis on see 25% ökkomärgis vaid me oleme siis kantud sellese vete ja nimänglirja, kui teavitatud mahe toitu pakkuja aga lühul misin veel siis ilmnas kokate jõua tegele ta ja just et praegu kui ta sepradseis siis välja nägi oli nima te, et no muna ja kartulitoit ja kes oli kohalikud nema tõid siis selle koguse, kahen ätala koguse kohale üle kahen ätala tarne toimis tegelikud mingi hetkas oli märtsi 6 oli kartulikvaliteet mahe kartulikvaliteet veidikene muutunud ta oli natukne usitanud juba või selline pehme siis tegelikud see toot ja isa leidis teisest maag on siis mahe kartulia toot ja kelle kartulisist tä tõi ja sellesama hinna aga nii et see kõik toimis väga hästi on sellise väikese koha eelis ja mis on väli ükseline põne asi on siis see, et väga oluline asi on sema nüüda teema et kui sellise vaikese tasantile, nagu seda testida või piloteerida, et ka siinsi silmnas, et me nüüd peaksis arvestama selle kohaliku pakkumisäga kui nii kui meie proovisime lahen korraks välsia tagasi et misis November 6 misis November 6 oli selge et 2,5 % täiendavate vahenditega 50 cm lapsäe kohta olisis saavutatu 19 % mahe ta osakaal nagu mahus sellel hetkel hakkasga kokk katsetama siis MTÜ toetusel mahe jahu tega ja prooviti erinevaitsis recette pakkuda, või toite pakkuda ja selgus väga huvida väsi, et mahe jahu oli teist sugunem mahe nisujahu, eta paisusrohkem ja tegelikult ma alatam, vist oli selline lugu et pimaklimbi suppali ja glimbiid oli tseesbruunid et lapsed imestasid sellel üle aga önneks sõudi ja ma itse oli hea igal juul tehti otsus et liigume sellega edasi aga hongi, et kui sa teed seda nii väike seda tasantil ja nii väike seda mahtutega siis nuitikas edasi minek ma nimahad, et öel hetkel tulab seein, et see peab olemana kui me nüüd peavad muutuma see sama, see politika või see suhtumine taga peab olema selge, et mis on see üle üldine plaan, või mis on sellega sisu on jo et ma tulengis ja võib laviimases slaid, et kuna ma natuke uurin kaseta teimat, see olis lisad ülikoolis ülikool jõpingutega ma vaatasin neid mahtusid kui ma võtsin välja haridus silmast eesti õpilasta arvuges õpivad üldharidus koolides ja stationaarses õppes, siis see päevaanen maht ja võtsin selles, et keskimiselt kui ma vaatasin erinevate koolidemene nüüd, siis keskimiselt suurus on 500 grammi või puol kilo kui see on nüüd õige siis päevas tarbi võt eesti kooli lapsed 7600 7600 toinni toitu 7600 toinni toitu ja seda pukku aastas kui meil on 7500 päeva, seda pukku 13 miljonid toinni mis tähendab, et kui tekitada muutus sellel teemal, siis see on väga suur muutus et see võimalda mõjutada väga olulisib processe ja siin ongi see küsimus, et kas toitan lihtsalt toitan ena mis ma isa tunnenan see, et avalikusektoria kohelikoma välitsuse huvi sellel teema vastu pole olnud just liikaa kõrge viimastel aastatel jah on nüüd tõusnud erinevad initiatiivit ja algatus, et seda oma koolide mahe algatus ja nüüd võrulinna selline hange aga sellist läbi maeltud ja strategiilist vaad, et seda ei ole vähemalt ei ole kuulnud ja et kas sa võiks kui olla siis tervistikum toitu laud kas on keskona ka itse aspekt või on see toitu julkalek et sellihul on see koheliku elistamine või siis regionalne aspekt siis kajallegi kohelik toore ja töökohad, et mis on sellekeskmes et kui ma olen seda rootsid ka vaatanud et siis sellu näist erinevalt oma valitsused et alati ei ole keskmes kohelik mahe, kai te on isegi vell ajemalt maeltud aga viimane sleid siin on lisalt ülevaada vise lised pildid siis meie 12.12. novembris toimunud pere päevast koolis kui siis lasta-restooran mahe-tormest toimis võt, minub olid kõik ma ei tea aga sa te kulsite ja kulsime kõik oli väga hea nüüd juba teisi mitte diskrimineerides kõik esitutab räägud võtame siis harutelus selle mahe-teema verkorad üles tänud veel korra ja ma annaksin kohe jutujari üles siis Merid Mikulege siis aga meega nägemust, mis kudutab siis kopen-aagini kokemust ja mida võiks siis esti koolid sellest õppida, ole hea, oletse kulten kas on mikrofon on sees me näemes laidi aga häld ei kuule mikrofon on välja nüüd jaaksime vissin koolmaga jattere vaavanduste liiga palju aknaid lähtime, ei leidud veigit kohta uuest üles slaide praegu näete? näeme slaidi siis selle sõupoola, või songi või suuremaks natuke kui saad nii, olin slaid sõupoola väga tära siis ka minub poolta tegelikult tegele igapäevasel kül kül eestismohedoidu teema aga minu tänane ettekanne puutuda popis kopenhaagenit lisaksis roitsil ja natuken selliste välisma kokemust kokemust juurte ja valdavalt puutudab see ettekanne siis seda, mida ma olen ise kas ta onnastelt kulnud või siis parkortaga koha peale erinevait koole külastates ja mõnda ettevõt asutust külastatesen näinud ja kõige pead tegelikult esimine slaid sisse ühattaseks on oppis semmis puutudab seda, et kudas muoidi mohedoidua nõudlus on suurenanud et seen oransion ja te siin näete on see kudas muoidi siis mohedoidu myuk on suurenanud ja alumine juun näitab seda kudas muoidi Euroopas maha on suurenanud ehkä näitab väga selgelt seda et tegelikult Euroopas on mohedoidua nõudlus palju kiiremini suurenanud kui pakkumine ja me oleme sellises olukoraskus tegelikult päris palju mohedoidubeaks läheb sisse tooma mõjalte et kohaliku nõudluste rahultada siis mohedoidustamise teemavõelte sit on näha sellel graabikult kaheteist riigi onned ja on näha et tegelikult sellise suurema hoom mohedoidub akkuminetoidust sisse 2015. talastal kui kui tegelikult päris paljudes riikides oli seda varemga kasutatud et siin või või või või või või heelade rähidetena siis aradua kindesti taonimilest ma koha rääkima hakkana ka tegelikult ka näiteks itaile ja kusususma kus mohedoidub asutamine lastele pakutavad toiduusason tegelikult märkimisvärne et itaales on päris suuret linnaad kus osaka on 7-8 % ja nüma lähend siis sellel taoni juurta millest tänan ette konna peaks olema siit on näha siis sellel kaordilt on näha piirkonnade kaupaa et kui poiliu on taoni selliseid toitlustaja et kellene on olemas toitlustuseökomärk tänasin mitmes on etekandes oli toitlustuseökomärkist jutu et seda mainis mainis ka mainis ka just ilmine etekandia et brit rääkis just ka tegelikult selest et näate etkele olevel rõuga seda taotanud aga siirle etekanade ja väga selgelt välja seda et tartujaaks on seoluline eesti toitlustuseökomärki nõudet tegelikult on suhteliselt sarnas et siis taonile ja ongi ja taoni ja rootsi kui norra kus on seline sarnasüsteem sellel aluselle on vastavad nõudet siis ka kaloodud ja seda kokemust arvestades taonis on siis juba olukord kus mahe toitlustuseökomärki kasutajad on likki 3300 et siin se numbermisin kõrval on et se nende kodulehelt ja tegelikult meil on ka siis telefonis alala et väppä kust on kogu aeg nahaa et kui palju toitlustajad ökomärki kasutab ja telefonis olevad häppilt on tegelikult võimaliks siis ka oma lähetal olevad toitlustajad leida mugavasti ja taoniakas pööramo avaliku sektori toitlustuse muhadeks muutmisel tehele panu tegelikult juba 2000 talaastetel ja sellel ja võeti selline riiglik keismärket avaliku sektori toitlustust peaks olema siis 60% ja tähtääk on see aasta ja palju te soma valitsust ja palju te soma valitsust on saavutatud onga selliseid kus ei ole saavutatud tegelikult tästi palju siis olenab sellest uma valitsuse enda initiatiivist ja sellel riigliku eesmärgiga tegelikult siis mohtiveeriti mohe toitei takkama pakuma mohe toitu lisaks tavalise jaegaubanduse pakutavale ka just nimelt toitlustajatele ja aidati kaasaga mohe toutmise lajendamisele taanis ja kui esimesed sellised märgi kasutajat olid just nimelt avaliku sektori toitlustuse ettevõtte seas siis nende eeskule võtsid ka palju tera ettevõtte sellel taanivalitsuse puolte promotud kestlikuse põhimõte ja rohelise kuvanti omakse ja mohe toitunus aga neende kaupamärgist siisse kui me nüüd tulema Copenhagen juurte siisse Copenhagen elin seadis omal hopisse ambitionikamaplani ja seda juba 2000 tei esimese laadstal kui sakati rääkima sellest milline peaks olema linnapold oma linnale kuuluvates toitustuse asutustese ja toitustajatepold pakutud toit ja seadis märgiks et minna samultan üle mohe toitule nii et plan oli siis et taastaks 2015 on 90% toitust mohe tegelikult 1990% per 2015 ta lasta oli saavutatud et see praeguseks on täidetud aga 2015 ta lasta laadate see koolides oli see prosent küljuba 2015 aga kui me võtame muut sektorid võtame näiteks oltakotud haiglad ja muud linnasutuse et siis see oli see väiksem ja praeguseks on siis Copenhagenis lasta tegelikult koolide toitust mohe umbes 95% linale on tegelikult 900 kööki kus on 1700 töötajat päris suur portsionid tarv ja võib olla see mida mis tegelikult näitab seda moht on see tavalikult sektori toitust ja tarvis ostataks iga aasta toitu rohkem kui 40 miljoon euro eest et see näitab aga selgelt kui suur mõju tegelikult sellisel ühele politilisel otsusele otsusele võib olla et milline se toit me ja lau al on et kui palju se tegelikult mõjutab meid ümbritsevat keskonda ja kui ta se võib tegelikult suunata seda toidu tootmist ühele või teiselä poole et 450 lasta aeda kele on oma köökit ja olen jõut, et ka oma köök võid sentraalne siis nõll on eralti siis yle 30 sellise aila 5 kooli mis tehendab seda tegelikult on sentraalne ettevalmistus köökkuhu koha peala ja siis koha peal toimuvad sellised lihtsamad ettevalmistus noh näiteks salatite valmistamine ja siis supisojantamine ja siis on eralti sellise toidu koolid kus töesti toidu kool on selline tegelikult, noh engliske se terminan kui culinary schools et noh heistikele supula selliste õiget terminit ei ole ja nendest toidu koolid selles ühe toidu kooli näitele on mulle kapar järgmiste slide et sõnsis üks kopenhogeni äärelinas pike knife kool kogua siis toid valmistadaks koha peal kaas arvatud ka leib ja võik muut pakarid ootud ja oluliseks on siin see, et kogu toiduga kõik toiduga see on tegelikult on integreeritud erinevat sõppäinetesse noh matemointi külles sanetes kajastubse toidu teema et kui ta näiteks miigita recepti tebuhjale recept aluseks võtes kui ta smoidi matemointi külles santeid lahendada siis keemjasse ja tigala puole on kogu toidu teema ja suurasuda siis ka mahe toidu teema sisse sisse viidud nii, et mitte ainult sa toitab mida lapsed sõövad vaid kõike sellega seondu tegelikult on sellisess terviklikulta vaatatud ja selles koolis oli siis elmisel aasta 97% oli siis muhadoid osakal ja sit on näha, et meil on siis se kult märk muhadoitustuse kult märkka ja koolil on lisaks siis ka oma õppe kõik ja selline labor kus lapsed saavad siis peagokka juhendamisel katse teda erinevat receptitega ja läbi viiega teadud määral näiteks keime tundi nädalame nüüs on siis kaks toimetoidu päev, üks kolapäeve siis kahel päeval on liha ja äesti suurt rõhku pöörattakse just nimelt jätmete vähendamisel ja lapsed on lastel on lupatud siis tõstama taltrikule täpselt nii palju kuna põra süia klassid võistlevad oma mohele et kui kellegil midagi järgiäp siis se koolutakse, täpselt tulevaadatakse et milline klassis on selline kele tegelikult midagi järele jäänud ja siis on vastavalt klassitele kaauinad ja väiksemata lastebuhul on selline väike võistlus haasart kindlasti mootiveeri mis on hästi oluline te toitokoolide puhula on see et lapsed on apilised kõögis ikol nädalal on siis 4-6 last kes sa on siis tundidest tapastatud kui ikinepäevad oma õppetöö siis kära tegema ja nad on tervesele nädalal kõögisä apiks ja nad ei ole apiks, mida ainult sellise ettevalmistustööbuhul või toituserveerimisel võid nad reaal seda teevad koos kokkadega süia ja et noh et siin imbs tegib nogu küsimuse, et kudas mootin nii ta sukus ei tüükeini nõute sarvestades, et kudas mootin see võib lubatud olla, et marvan, et eestisankindesti palju ametnikke kes arvad, et selline asi ei ole võimalikaga taoni näide väga selgelt selgelt näiteb, et tegelikult lapsed on esimisel päeval, kunalt sinna köökkilähevad nad saavad sellise kiir toiduhygeeni kursuse mele õpetedakse kõik põhi tööet selgeks ja mitte mingit probleeme selles osas onnud ei ole Merid, ma küsil 5 minutit jaa, okei nii, et selline esti inspirerim tegelikult mis moodi lapsed on kaasatud ja kui teetavasti lapsil kui pildistada heet hoi, et et siis ma eteganes paraspänne pildid ära kustutama, aga sin on näha kui uhked, nad lapsed näiteks sellel vasakul pildil on, nii tahtsid, et näist pildi tehaks, et olid väga uhked sellel üle, et nad saavad toitu teha ja nad lapsed kes on siis kaasatud lähevad ja ennem sõymis tudvustavad teistele lastel ja mikrofon on käes tudvustavad, et mis toitada napakutakse. Siin on ka üks jätmetes orteerimise pilt samast koolist, kus on näha, et kui palju erinevaite varie änte sinu, enne, kui tas lapsi jõpetateks, siis jätmetes orteerima ja kuidas siis jõuti koppen aukenissa nii suure mohe toorene kasutamiseni et kõigebäl tühine arusaamine toitan oluline ja nagu enne juba ka Britti ette kandes oli toodud selline lause et muutuset panil ja peas et tegelikult tõesti neid inimset, kes selle teemakasel tegele nad on nad ütlevad, et et mei et eesmärki ole kindestain muutsud kaldrikud, vaid täpselt samo olulised, või veel olulisemad on muutuset peas teatlikus, värdu sinnakkud ja nedasi et see peab olema, mitain toite vaid see peab olema tervistlik, ma itsem nägema väile isuärata ja tegema laste meel rõõmsaks küügi pelrsa on ali kulitamine ja kokkade mainetõst minna täiest üle jõululine neid kokkat, kes jõutsid näiteks teatud prosentini, siis mohe tooraine kasutamisel nad olid presenteeritud, nendest räägiti medjas, linnas on tegelikult koppenhagenis oli suure plakatid, kus oli näha kokkat, kes oma tööle ja tästi uhkusta ja tõnsid seelele tähä läbama põöramine on ülioluline ja ühise tooraine hanketan siis see, mis on ka olnud ja tegelikult linnapult asutatud koppenhageni toidumaja tees tegele nõustamise koolitusta hankete ja mohtiveeerimisega ja loomulikult siis ka poliitikult kes selle toitua revolutioni tagaseisid nüüd ma ja olenud selle taja, ette jäänud siis selle me nüütesan mohe tooraine osakalu suurentabiseks mituvarjainti ja koppenhagen valis tegelikult sellise aeglasema kui palju oda vama varjainti mitte lihtsalti vahetatud välja olemas olavates me nüüd tooraine mahe tavastu vaid kõik me nüüd teht tümber orvestates mahe toitu kätte saadavust ja hinda ja vähem liha, mida juba mainitti ka Rootsi ette kanates rohkem köökivilju kartu liid ja tegelikult sellised põhi prensiibid mida te saate tegelikult mida saate päraste ka minu ette kanates võib ole eraldi juurte vadate mea ka neite ja lähend siis se viimase viimaste kahes laidi juurte et mida me siis sellest koppenhageni kogamasest õppide saame kõigebelt on vaja seada selged eesmärgite itse selge ja lihkuda siis samm sammult ent eesmärgide puole kaosates kõik erinevajad osapooli et kopkade täiend koollitused nõustamine tõövärdustamine moidtiveerimine üliolulised lastegaasamine ikad moodi toidu valmistamisse, tegusteerimisse käie lastega taludes näid, et ta kudas moodi tegelikult toidu tootmine käib ja siis loomulikult sellest toidu teema paremintekreerimine üppakavadesse ja viimanes laid et me nüüde muutminemilest on jut olnud ja mida tegelikult viitas kaala pritrõuge ette kandesse see, et toitpe polemama moidsevia isuärattav see on nagu ülioluline mida kopbena aukenis ikal poole rahutatakse sest se vähendab aitab vähendata olulisel ka toito jäädmeid ja ja tegelikult toob lapsed rohkem sellise tervislikvukaliteet see toitojuurte, mida nad ka kodus rohkem nõudma sellasemel, et sojandatud valmiste oittis üie mida näte vanemad on kuskilt hankinud ja nüüd on nagu küsimus see, et kas ennen on nõudus või enne on pakkumine et kump enne on siis tegelikult ta on nii me limse tarutelu käigus juhu tuleme selle muha tooraine juurte kätte saada kus ei juurte tagasi ta on nii näide tegelikult seda et neil oli tegelikult päris suur pakkumine aga noh näiteks, et sellel etkel kuna tegid oma tooraine ankked siis see kohalikule värsket liha ei pakkuna praktiliselt ükski huilgi ladu ja vära seda tooraine hanket suitsid nätehast üli kiiresti üli kiiresti oma valikult lajendada ja oma valikus ja sellel nõutudan külmutamata lihatuua ja loomulikult siis politikulta, roil ja poliitilised eesmärgid mis koppanaageni näitele väga selgelt olid seatud ja marvan, et tänas, et kõik ettegandet siin või vähemalt midu ettegan, et täna on kindlastiseda koostööte rahutanud ja see on kindlasti kindlasti üks asimilest mis on vajalik täiesti kindlasti, on vajalik kõiki osapult vahel eita? väga hea, aga läheme kohedasi kuna ajasurbe on suur, ma annad siis jutu eri edasi ei välin üle uuesti et kuna siin testi aeglendab siis ma isenestest väga pikalt ei peatu aga tatsin teile litsa natukene või pole väitsa näite tuu siis siin on väga palju räägidud mahe toidust ja mahe toorainest aga see tallin tegele ka väga palju toidu jätmed temaatikaga ja tatsin teile siis natukene siis noh tegelikud, see toidu jätmed on ju see teine poolaldi toidu juures mille on oma kulu ja keskona mõju ja kõik sellised sellised probleemid aga me mõibest ma üppan tegelikud siia järgmisele slideile et meisen koostius teiliga ja tegelikud siis keskonemiis teeriumu ja keskone investeeringute keskuse toel oli siin elmisel aastal ja mis juku 2080 aasta lõppus see oli näe toorab rekt kokkame koos kus me siis koostius teili kooli kooli sõökladega käisime lastele rääkime siis toidu jätmed te vääntamisest ja nad isenesest ka siis sa itsele kampaan ja korras kooli kokkadega koostius siia teha sellised päris paljut märksunad mis tänase päevuks oli läbige indonga see et tõstavad seda sõöki ja kui paljul nad seda sõövad et altikust ei läheks aga teisad pord siis teadlikus et õstmine, mis se toidu jätmed üts mikse probleemon ja millega kutassega koduses teingimustesse mõjutab ja mis nad teha saabad ja teisad siis ka kooli kokkade kui se kooli toidul eest siis mõi pali peagi ei ole nii hea mainet nüöelda, et nad siis näeksid ka nii kutassele kooli kokkade elu ja töö käib ja kui isäned toitlusi teha et siis nüöelda usaltost rohkem tekitada ja selline ühe kooli aasta jooksul me siis läbi erine et te kooli käisiime aga teisalt tegelikult meil selle ajahennu, kui ma jõuan selle et meil toimust tegelikult ka siis koostas teili kooli tega siis toidu jätmet hindamine või mõitmine kus me siis ka kaalusime et kui palju siis kooli tege toidu jätmet tekid ja sellis toidu jätmetu uurinkult kooli tegas oleme teinud siis ka vareme ja vastal siin viishasa takasi ja hakkame ka nüüd uusi tegema meil on uusi toidu jätmetu tegelikult tulemas, mis nüüd on tegelikult pausile jäänud siis praeguses kriisi olukorras aga et siin käis ka chat siin mei vestus boxist läbi et kuiidas et tulemas et annakumid praegu ei ole nagu väga pikalt võimalustel tulemustel peatuda aga me selle projekti raamest tegelikult kirut siis me välja ka sellise juhendmatter siis kooli et kui ta toidu jätmet vähendada ja selle juhendmatter on ka selle ülevaate siis on täst toidu jätmet tekkest on selle ülevaate tootud ja on ka meie varasemates arvan, et keda huvitab siis ma võin seda kinnesti jakada ja seda juhendmatter siis me saadame kõikidele osale värasta seminaari ka, et saate tutvudat kui ta ei nüüd siis köögi toidu jätmet toidu jätmet tega tegelida aga tegelikult ka see koolis nagu siin oli mainidud juba see toidu teema, kaks olemas integreelitud siis õppäainetes õppilasi kaasema ja sellised ühist tegevused sama kokkame koodus et neid on kõik sellised orulised kohad, mida saab siis isenasest koolides koolides ka teha ja see kogemus kokkame koodus projekti raames näitas küll, et selle on oma huvi ja huvi on olemas ja tegelikult selle on ka oma võlu et soovitame kinnasti ka testa võib ole sellised kuulidel läbimõeldad kuidas sa teemad siis se tuu aga võib olla ma praegu annan etasi sõna veel ühele sellisele järgisele, viimasele rääkki ale kadile võib ole veel sellise näitliku teemasisse taub kuidas, mida nemansis veniolda teevad paltikrestolentsis teid märgiel et kati, ole hea ja me ovetan, et viimasele 5 minutit ja kulutan, et kõik ära ja kahuks enne, kui me tulevikult juurde juume me pean siiski paar minutit veel pühendama minevikule et juun ringigasin takasi kohega vaid immi esimeses esitluses mainitud kalasuppi juurde aga taustast siis nii palju et ma isealustesim paltikrestolentsis selle aasta alguses ole seda, mida me taastat vednud japanis, kus mul 10 aastat tagasi sündis oma laps ja siis me vaatesime ka sellised koolisystemia mis seal toimub et nii nagu Kopenhagenis on japanis juba päris pikka aga lapsed kaasatud koolidoidu valmistamise täpselt samal viisil lisaks on see ole teid puudu jäeke tervislikku toitumise kultuuris juba ja kõige viimase bonus punktina võin mainida et kuna selleltoid kultuuris tele erile nevus tele ja lastegaasemisele ja kotus selle toetu selle on japani koolis suutnud vähendada jäetmete tekimise toitureiskamise peegu miinimumini ma kahjuks ei oska midagi üldanende mahe toitu tarbi mise kohta kuna sellest on ka mani ajak meeldas küll aga oskan ma öelda miss on mahe toitu seisukord ameriköhendriikidas kus ma elasin viimase parast, et kus mul laps alustas kooolideid et alkul suure hurraa aga vaatastada seda kuunetala toidu mennud mis meil paperile koju saadeti aga väga rutuse entusiäskadusele parast et kui sa peatkinimoti järje pidevalt igapäev sõema koolis et et mis meil meni üs meil oli ühene tala pitsa burger ka nagitsad makara nüüd juustuga nachod ja siis minu lapsel emik sokkoladi biim et kui sul ongi iga reede on nätske vorsti pitsakke näsel mille muut peale ei ole, siis ei ole midagi teha et parasta tagasi nende uspresident suurenda soluliselt ka suhkru rasvaa ja soola osakaulukoolidoidus ja sellel aastal veebrarist tulid selline asi, et pastaa toidud siis ametlikult sial palu okia kuuluvad nüüd juurvilja te alla kategorid seeritult koolidest et asi on võtnud juba teest ja surtsed mõõtmed ja kui ma lapsel vanemana maksad seal üle kolme euro päevassele toiduest ja lapsikagi võtab termoses ojas termoses oma toidu omikul kooli kaa sa ei ole see kindlasti see kus meie tahaksime ennast tulevikus näha sest kui ma nüüd põrdungi tagasi eesti koolide juurte ja mulle siis neid samat kolmandaklesi lapsed eesti koolis reegivad kui ma küsinendekest, mida te tahaksite koolisööklas näha, et milline võiks olle tuleviku koolidoid arvakäärampis vastuseks tuleb gritsaat purgerid et meie praeguse kampani ja esmer kongii võtta lapset kaase provi taitata neil mõnelta et mis koolis toimub ja naku ka lapsel vanemad kes mina tulin aastal kusest agasi eestisse mulle ei olnud suur teimu vissin koolisööklatest toimub ma isegesin koolis põtugime taastatakasi ja marvasin, et enamuhem sellel tasemeld on et amerikaga võrelte smidugi aastajid ja aastajid eesbool aga kui me ikkagi vaateme mis sellä taust on kui meil ühest koolis näiteks jääb kalasupi päeval 4 päeval 12 litrit toittu ülemis lähebsi saraviskamisela enne kriisi olukora algust me siis viimase letkel jõutsimakatan koosted tegema toitupankaga ja saime neile anneta ta suure koguse siis elgõige me võime pakkuda väga tervislikku nagu praegu pakku me toittu koolis ja mahedad aga kui siis nagu me nägin kalasupi päeval 4 päeval saksakümnaasiumis märtsi alguses kündis koguse laste rotu etasi pufetisse meööda selle kalasupist siis me põngu küsimus opiski milleski muus ma isemaitsesin seda kalasupi ja osalt teldes ma oma pia 44 jooksul pole nii maidsvat suppi üldse elusproovintka restoranismite ja siol oli suuri kooli pois aga stõesti tessid endele mitut aldrikud ja kanautisid seda toitu et kuskil on mingi muu problem et samutni näiteks nagu lapsed kui lihavad vastu võtta sellise programmina kui meil tartuspräe kui on taimne teis päev muna skoolis ja isegi kiitas et nagu lülts ei märganud aga kui siis samas skoolis tuleb mulle lapsen vanem, kes on kutsudud kooli kõuki vaatama, vaatab seda püree kõrvitsa juustu suppi öödlepet teid, et nende kodus sellistesse ja kuna kui ei sõöda et nema digavad seda sõi siis ja see tegitamiseks, siis opilaste juures me vaatamegi kutsume nad julespräegu kos teega sii jaganumaik kraaniga nii Facebookis on selline grub ma ei alguses loodud april jub lõpus tulevikukoolidoid ja siin me kutsume üles osalema, mida ei nult üksikult vaid lausa klassikauppa lapsi kaasemõtlema, et milline võiks ole seda tulevikukoolidoid ja siis väiksematas klassidas koos üpetaja api kaeki, panema peat kokku ja vattama, et mis et meie esmer koläks, et kuidas nad lõunavahedunid olsa toimum akavad, mis toitenad lapsetahaksid näha seal ja lihselt kaasata neid mingilki viisile sellasse sest midame omakoolisöökladeska teeme alati, et lapsen vanemad nii nagu mina ei teadud, mida küllis lapsekoolis pakutakse algul kutsutud alati küllameile vaatama ja kõiki küsimusimil, et soovilvad teada saata et sellised avatud koolisöökläa päevad toimuvad meil tavalliselt sygisel, kus lapsen vanemada noodatud kaasa, aga samas praegu on võimaluska kodus, siis lapsen kogu saarutada, et mis võiks olla ja mis juba tegelkult praegu saal olemas on et vasta terminiks, me praegu panime 2025, et selleks ajaks meie ettevõtti ise on otsustanud loobutav puurikanate munate kasutamisest mahe toittu me juba mitmes kohas praegu pakumeel, kõik meie nüüd on kakoostatud siis otsesel sellel tooraine ja selle maksuvuse põhjale, et mida ei ole tihtsalt asendata mahe toitt aga tuleviku küsimus on hetkel veel lahtine, et eile minakuul sinna sellest Amerikko koolist, kui ta sellel kesklesid õppilased te liva tamal kärga toittu kooli vaheajal et me kindlasti ei ta hajuda selleni, et meie eesti jõppilased politikantale toittu ei võibitsad koolidellima et siis peama tegele ma ka sellan nõudlus ja osaka mida ei nult hea pakumis aga aga ma vaatan, et mu aeg on sinu pavajikselt läbi, et kui tegib mingit küsimusi siis ootandeid kindlasti siia Facebooki, külla ka meile et kui te panete sellele lehe jälgimis siis siia maiku jooksul ja kuni juunikuuni tuleb luodata vasti palju heid mõteid, samuti jätemesele grubi lahti hiljemaks et siis pideval koos vaadata, kui das ja kuhume edasi läheme tur tänu ja Info on edasi, on uvi olge head siis lejate selle Info, Facebookis ma saan aru aga nüüd meil on natukena aega aga natukene, aga siiski proovime teha siis väike selle arutelu ülesteusnud küsimuste aga mõned kas nüüd kõik kes siin ilusasti loodetavasti nähtavast laitiibia alama näkutega on esin tatu, tuolete enam vähem kõik kuultele, ma loodan küll ja arustaks või pole siis üllisemalt ja läheks siis detailsemaks sifilistes valkuondates ja sellesmõttes järgiks neid ka küsimusi, mis siin on tulnud siis väga selgesti tuli ka välja herinevatest ette kannetest ja eel kõige kui me vaatame ka, mis kui tas on meist edukamatriid, neid asju teinud siis väga selgesti tuled välja oleks vaja ikkagi mingisuguseid eesmärke ja võimalusel üllisemalt eesmärke nii riiklikul ka oma valisuse tasandil nii et ma saan aru, et näiteks startus ja ka mujal nüüd eesmärgi muudia teemaldan olemas mis te arvat, et kespiaaks te eesmärgid siiaad me kass oleks vaja riiklikul tasandil siis nii olnud eesmärgid siiaada ma peansin silmaas näiteks mahe toitu või muid teemasid ja teine asi mille lida võiks et ka vastu sa anta on see, mis tuli välja, oli see tegelikult onga väga palju nendel nii olnud ka koolidele, ka oma valisustel tugeva ja kes võiks ole siis see kes võiks nii olnud riiklikul tasandil kaks küsimus, ma tea kes võiks tees talustada kes tunnetan et võiks oma nägemust avaltada aru äkki ma liutad oma kamera ja mikrofoni sisse käsis ma kõll lautsin, et ikki merid võtad mahe teema kohe üles, aga aga tunded, et heetkel ändis mulle selle võimalese et sa toetust oleks vaja loomilikult aga eksin, sa ei saa olla nüüd ainul kohal valitsu selle teema ja sa ei saa olega ainult riigi teema, et ekes on ikkagi kogukonna küsimus, et kogukond ise, kui ta seda nõua nagu selle rõuga näitele ei näha, et kui kogukond seda nõua, kui pakub ka võimalus, et seda toorainet aga saadaval siis ega meil, kui toitlus tääld, me ju hea meele kasutame seda, kui on alamas klendkes on valmis selle maksmaks, ma ei ole alamas ka müü ja kes mele seda müü aga kui selle kohalukkust olema seda nagu elgima, et ei tegik seda ohu kohta et me kuistikult aname kele väga suure monopoli kui või tekitame mingi kokkulitsa piiraan kui stavistaks, no ma ei tänetis võru, põlv mehele mü ja pärnu kooli oma kartilid, et neid ohu kohti peks nagu elgima no ja, et selles mõttes kindlasti oleks mõistlik, võib olen siis ka on heesti nii väikene, et sinne eestid asandil oleks mõistlik nagu eesti ulatuses neid teemasi käsitleta no meil üks teema et ära ka defineerida see, et mida me nüüd kohalikuks toorajineks peame, et kasi kohalik toorajine, siis tõesti pärnu maaguna toorajine, või enda eesti maa toorajine, või või üldse võtame, kui ja näitele, siis ja näiteks lajenda selle kohalikud toorajine mõisted 3-5 kilometriga Uitavs neil, äkki soskat kommentierid et kas se neil läks läbi ka hankena või ei läinud se läks neil läbi ja tege kult see muutatus tülgi sellest, et alkus panid ka, et peks olema kohalik toot ja kohaliket kanaliga toot, et jõeend üks ette võtte, eks tegite sille monopoli olu võra, et sellest ka se muutatus Siin on, kui me juba triivisime selle kohaliku teemabiaale, siis siin on ka üks püsimus, et kas ja mill määral on võimalik toorajine kasutada koolia ja toodankud, või siis niiolta talu toodankud, kui tebu ei ole ametlikul, siis toidu tootiega. No ma provisin sellele tegekult vastate ka sellel ei ole võtta, et sellelele toorajine kasutamisele oleb piiraan, kui sellel tegi on muutu küsimus, et sellest, et alumees, et kas ta on võimili meile, kui ette võttele arve teha, sellest võtse me sema aru, et kui on sikä väike kogukond, et üks naalurimees mõteiselt kartu, et tarvel ta on sularahas, ja see on teist aru saada aga meil ette võtte, me ei ole võimalik sularahas arvel, et eks siis ta pole on võime, kus mele arve välja võisiks on loomikult see, et ikkagi mingi kontroll tema toot, mis ülepeks ka olema, et kartulipuhul juba selle nii ulla, kui sellas vastivabikest, siis kätaaks teada, kui ta seda vastiv almistateks ja loomikult on siis se hinna, ja koguse küsimus, et kas ta suudab toota ikkagi seda mahtu, mida meil on vaja ja seda mahtu takada meile, aga terveks kooliaasta, et või on tema võime, kus takada meil ainud sellele 126 aastas, kui siin ka juba üks vestuses läbigeiskase, et eestis 1,34 mis selle toodi, et see ei ole tooraine hint, vaid sen koolipäava operiirimise hinteksi, siinna lisse lähavad kõik muudas, et ka, nii see alu ka palkaat elektrikulukid muudas, et ja tooraine hinnaks jääb selle parima lühulik mõnigement sentti, et see hinna surveään ka väga suun. Kas merele, et aapsia lisata, mis kudutab sellise kohaliku ütlemis lühikeste tarnahelate teemad, et kui ta siia et tavata, seda nii olta pidemalt toidu kätte saadmist, ja just ma saan aru, et siin ja kui usime rootsi kogamuse põhjal, et ka see ala on tegelikult mõnevõrra problemiks, et näite väike toodjatele anda võimalusi siski nendes toidustussystemis osaleda, et tihti peale just, nagu võid juhtuda, et neid suuremaks, siin siin siin siin siin suuremalt tarni, aga kui ta see tegelikult önnestuks sellises hanketese kaasata peansi silmast toidu Pernus on nima, et lastajat kõik kostava tisendale tooraine, siis se hanket ei ole korraldatud ja koolide puhul on toitlususe süks hank ja korraldatud aga enaamus nagu teeva tisemaköökkides, et meil tõusisse küsimusiva ülesse ja üks lastajat ütleski, et aga ma sihjamaani ostan hiiumalt tõuna mahla, kuna Pernus keegi toogord ei pakkund kasma peansis selle tarniale lepingi üles sütlema või teilimusid üles sütlema ja siis minanakõtlesin ka, et lepime kõik kokkuat kohalik meie mõiste, sa on eestimaine ja on kui on võimalus seda Pernu piirkonnas saada, või lähinaavritelt et siis me ostame sealt aga tõepooleste isegi näiteks, ma tean, et Pernu talu turge kutsus, Pernu või te toogord teid pakkuma, köökiril ja kartulid porgaandit kapsast, mitte keegi Pernu maalti pakkudud sinnan, et me sain karu, et se tuuakse mujal testimalt et siin peaks isa ärgitama aga neid väike toogord teid naa tootavad aga kusnad mõibad, või kui taas nad on nähtas oma turustamise, kahma tean Pernu ma itse kaudu aga sinonindivad video onne koost justimalt nendega et me Pernu ma arhendus keskus kaudu oleme püüd nüüd infopasiluua ja ärgitam, et teid mõnud ka seda, et kellel on väikset koguse et kui taas nema saaksid seljad kokku panna ja lasta ajatatele, koolitele myja et see on ales piks ammastudasin ma korra valgomenteerin selles, et siirla enateisin väiline teera, et te eliseid ja kaarelga teid väile seda et mis üks esimisen lepingus kirjas et ei näisi enne, mida me saame ka lepingu välisel teha selles, et meie era, ette võitenen saame teha kõigevile hankedikki oma ajatusest lähtovalt ja meie osti, et kirjutavad kartulit ja borgandit ja hanked, et sisse pep olema eestimaine borgandil kartul noh on kõik juhtu polukordusi, kus toest eestimakas otsa saan, ja siis me pakume letikartulit aga massas siis ajatuselt osimielle aga üldis, et me kirjutame sisse selle kui see ei ole meie lepingus ees meie ole hanked lepingus ees, me peame eestimass kartulit pakkuma ja teises külestikaa, et kuna meil on see võimekuse soovina, kui ka ka sa kovkonda ajatasa kohaliku uuvonda, siis selle pärast me piste teeme ma näen sinne ikkagi ja sellist potensiaali koostööna, siis sinne ka üks märkus tuli just, et kui ta sen väike tuot, et saaksid löögiile, kui ostmineke valdavalt läbi vahentajateeks ju, et sinne just, ma kuultan ette, et selline omavaheline koostu ja kokkulepime nii ta asju hakata väga teeta ilset hanketesse sisse kirjutama, siis võib juhtuda just see, et sa tegelikul kui ka tigasukus tele võikuslikle nõuetele vastu ja sa saada läbi viia, et selline nii oda hia tahe ja kokkulepelt on neid, mis mun tundub, et võiks olla midagi sellist, kus mis võiks aidata sellisud osob. Võike, et ootetele selles, et neil on... no, ma see on väetekse silmasta pärna meid, et kui koolisetoid, jostab aga meie pool sellesud, et meia meil aga võtame kõik väike toits, et pakkumsid ostõu kuule mära, aga 90 % kordudesse esi taandub sellel, et sa väike toiti, ja noh, ne või siirle välja töid, et ei ole suutelised, et neid kokusid tarni ima viigel ajal õigesse kohta, viigel hinnaest, et seal on sellised objektivise põhjusid, aga kahuks meil ei ole võimalikele sellist, sest sa on nagu lubaada, et tuohan pealine kool ja pommikuli ima toiduda sellepresta toiteid on tooreine kohale. Siin tekkib sa tarnikinlusi küsimus. Olen nõuse, samat problemid koodusid meil tõepolasta välja, ja ütleme sellel aastal, kus juba 7, et on multabandud talunikkel V6 onkin enteleppinkutte tegemised kohatehe kiljak säänud, et selleks, et näiteks ma mõüksin 600 kg kõrvitsad, ma pean juba V6 teadmät keegisada soovib talunikuna. Siin on ka see hankete teema, midest ma ka enam rääkisin, et kui see hange V6 õige aegsad läbi, kui me jõiba Jaanvar V6 teame, et kes on järgmise septembril toitustaja, siis tege, kui me saame ka selle põllumega kevadel võinahkasin V6, koguleppid, et kui palju kõrvitsad, midema ka sügisel soovime. Aga kui see hange V6 läbi ole suvel, siis ei ole meil mitte kuidagi võimaliksele tootjale ja kõtte öelda, et me sellise kogus ostaksinud eest. Aga kohja, aga mul on enne, kui me et siin on ka palju utolnud kopusellis süsteemi edasi sarengususes, et kump on siis ikkagi paremed kas teha siis individualsed hankkeid või pigempiaks seda centralselt tegema ma võib ole küsin selles osas veelgord üleeks ju kaarel sinukäest, et mis on sinu nägemuse ja sinu kokemuse pealt, et mis see kõige parem ja effektiivisen viis oleks sellis koolis eesukohast, et kuidas sellised keskonna ja muid nõudet sinna siis kõige parem, et ehk hankete se saaks ja mis süsteemi aluse seda väga läbi viima. Mulle tundub, et kui olekski kaasatud, ma näiteks meie näite puhul Tallinälin, Haridusamet ja näiteks Koolijuhid, kellel on näite hanket käimas, kus eksis, et on algusese sisende, kui see dokument näiteks mille sitte ennem rääksite valmi, et kas vii sellel algusel sõnastada ära koos ju ristidega ja nende osapuoltega, kui see ta on hanket läbi viiva, et neid on meile, et ähtsad küsimuseid keskendume siis ühele või teisele asjale sõnastamene tilusti ära ja no, et kõik näiteks kas või suurematel innade oma vaheliste parimate praktikate jagamise põhjal jõutaksis selleni, et siin lähimad järgmised hanket saksidki visada endalene teatud puntid sinna juurde, et marvan, et et see võiks olla kõige toimiva on viis? Selge, ma äkki sille seda midagi kommenterides mõnesmõttes siin mahe teemass on tartu olnud ise nii oltav, nii oltav pilovid test jäneeseeks ju et mis on sinu nii oltav tunnetus või arvamus, et kas on mõistlik, või kas on hea, või pigem halb, et kõik koordid ja ka oma vallisust siit lejutab, et nii olti jalgratast või olleks mõistlik ikkagi üksisel tõppida ja tekitadan mingisubused juhtustatud juhendit siis aluseks, mille võihal võiks tävivie toetude siis miks mitte tee kogamusele, kus te olet juba terve rea nii oltav tävia alutanud ja võivul leidnud sellise optimaalsema vahenduse mõitlän, et ma saan kirääkkideks ole siin nüüd ain tartu näite kohja et teised kogamuset mul puutuvad et ma pole näid praktiseerind, aga kui ma näen seda ma näen seda toimimust tegelikult, et kui siin on sentralselt handbudivul siis eks ole tartu linnavalitsuse syht oma valitsuse koondatud kus sul on sama uskust jaab inimesed, koos ju riitiline pool, loov pool toitustus �ecialist, tervisöööp spetsalist et on selline töö võxt kg läpki juhtluse üht sää eesmärgi nimäl aga sellõi nimel et kõiki tartu linnah opiniilasi ja lasta ja lapsi dile päga courtselt eks si防 jõ touringi tegalis teep rangemat või leebema tinkimuset kui lapsevanen maksab sama summa raha. Selvast kaasatakse komisionideste nii kuulisintaja, tervise meeskonna liigma ei või mingit inimisi juhtkonnast veel plus hoole kokust ja soovikuralka üppiläse oma vaid etsusost. See on erinevaidinimesine komisionides, aga alati on reegel on see, et on siis meie innavalitsuse poolt siis minakes hankke läpiviin vastutavisid plus jurist, plus haritusosakon esinda ja kunakoonidikake alvot otsa haritusosakonnalla. Nii ets on juul, et mudelit kinnlasti eesti suurematis linnades, kinnlasti oma vaidides soovid. Ja sellepärast, et vaiduse tasjad on ikkagi enam vähem sama taulis, et seda tekibse kokemus, need rahad on üpris suureti hiikuva toitustusankete, seriikki me räägime kuulite puhul. Ja noh, senima, nii tartustist ei ole, küll on üsteki kuulid toitustusanket, kus vaidustust ei oleks onnud. Et lastaedatega on vihtsamolnud selles mõtselt, see ei ole nii ta vaidustus ei ole, et on pakku, et leppid selle olukorraga, mis siis on otsuse korras tulnud. Et onid selle tulemus aga rahule ja enge nii on, et te jakkataa reiskama vahendeid, aega ja rahareks oler susse sellella vaidustusprotsessiile, mis ei ole kauta. Aga kuuliham, kes on se midagi muud, et egeikult on hea, kus oskust ja aave nöhäs korras, ja siis on maala speciallist, et tegelevad sellega. Ma saan oma, et väheseid omavalisusi kele on ka vähemasti juken väga üldisele senal küll selline mahe temaatika sätestud strategiast, strategisest dokumentiseks. Kui oluline se on, et ma kõutan, et kui kogu omaalisuses teha siis piaks olema ka nii selline poliitiline eesmärk või nohutuseks otsuse tegelt ja poolt, et vastasi lühul võib see olla nii lühiaaline nii olta harjutuseks ju. Kui olulisuse saada piadet selline politikult üllise os plaanis sellise strategisese eesmärki ja need valkunat väljas ütlevad. Ma ikkagi piensad oluliseks ja tõsti sellepärast, et see on ju hea teata, et tartuline oma elainikonnaga mis ei ole jukaa väikäks ole ikkagi puulta sellist suhtumist, et olla tervislikum ja nei keskonna hoidliked inkimusi eelistab ja ka polikokus on sellised inimesed olnud ja kes on seda pidanud oluliseks ja see ei ju selgelt näitagi sellist tartulina seisukohta ja suhtumist. Ma arvan, et see on väga hea tuetus, et muidju ilmselt selle mahe tooraine nii olta nõude või võimalusa sätastamine sellese hankedokumentisja, hankes üldsse, nõuaks ka palju rohkan seletemiseb olema näele huunakoguliikmele, kes ütleb, et noh milleks, et sama muudin, et samata argumentinis siin ka mõne selnevas, et ta kandus on välja, tund eriti siis sääruu ka oma, et see on kallis, on mõttetu, et see olen ka seda öeldud, et noh me el on ikkagi üks kindel suunt, seisukoht, pole või sellel mingi konception, siis olen, et see on hea, rakenduda sellepaasilt edasi minna. Väga hea, aga see on siia liikud edasi, kui me nüüd eesmärgistame, et kui me räägime sellisest mahedoidu teemast kas siin piaks ka, siis konkrets, et eesmärgid lausa oma valisust asandil olema või kudas on mõistlik mahedoidu teemad nii jõlda eesmajoones käsitlema akata. No me kuulsime rootsis on ja või külle soovitan, Anna posti pole viidatud dokument juhetmaaterele ise vaatata, siis see on oma valisust, et väga selgesti enda liikagi siia tund, väga konkretset eesmärgid, mille põhja siis kogus, et ja maatika, kooli ja lasta, et ooitustuses siis realiseeru. Et tegelkud ma oma ette kandese, ei toona kui raldi välja, aga me olen siis prääkud hetkel võimalik ühtelt, et ma tegelkud me meia hanked, killesi paljud on tutkud riigi hanked registris kaanel teesisuga, aga siin kuule ei toon tänab palju ja ma toog siis välja, et tegelkud tarpahanked koosne vaid ju kolmest erinevast väga olu, siis oosast ees üks osamuutustab ju realselt see, mida pakku ja pakku hetkel realselt koolis, et me hintamäe nii seda pakkutavad me nüüd koha peal toitu maidsed lõhren jätasimes mennem mainisin plus visak, siis neid õikusaktiile vastavad nõuteid, et kas vesi on pätte saada valguhal, kas me nüüd on nähta valguhal jätaseks olema, teine oludine väga mahukas osamis annab pakapailu punkta on ju see toituse esitetud me nüüd erinevad siis nüüd see teeriumu ja see on enamus, enamus punkta algab sõna, aga mitme kesis, uskas on põhitooraine osas, kas sa on palati kumpune entiteen etase ja kolmas osamuudust on siis selle mahe tooraine pakkumise et neid on kolm erinevad sellist olulist osa ja sellesum, et selle mahe tooraine kasutamine siis säänendas menüüd, et mina näen, et sinne võikise peaks olema selline aareäng, et mina ei tega, et kas see on siis nüüd riigikultas sandil sõttestatud, mis on oma valitsuses või, või mis iganesaka, et selline tõusute ententsioisilne treindvõiks ikkagi nagu jätkud ajad, mina olen kui selle poord, et see on tervisi, kui sellega võiks rohkem propageerida ja selle ketasi ikkuda. Väga hea, aga merid ja brid teegui töelised sellised mahees eksperdid, et mis siis peaks olema, et kõimaliput samud, kui me vaatame, et eesti riigid kokemusi, mis me laitaks systeems, et just strategiilisel seda maheed ja maatikat rohkem siis pildilas. Panin käimendal. Mul on tegelt nii palju mõteid, aga ma praegu, siis ma liselt, kuna ma olen vaadanud malm ja väks, ja näed on kaks rohitsi oma valitsust nende, nagu juhuseid, nagu speciviliselt, et minu jaaks on kõige uuvitevan küsimusseikagi, et mis sa jätkusuudlik toit on, et see alga vaata sellest, et mis me oleme kokku lepinud, kõige sellisel strategiilisel tasemel, et mis sa jätkusuudlik toitsis on. Ja siis ma olen sellen urgaalt vaadanud siis rohtsi erinemate oma valitsust tõlgändust sellest, et loomilikud siin on aluseks riiglik strategia, aga siis, aga siga oma valitsus on natuke erinevalt seda elu viinud ja oma neid klima eesmärkevel sinna sisse pannud, et liselt malmest on, neil on selline programma, kui smart, ja selles isu on siis see, et maheda osakal, liha osakalu vähendamine, tühjade kalorite vähendamine õige liha ja köögivili, seda tähendab siis, et punase liha vähendamine, sellest tegivad kõrgemaat siis CO2 emision, ja üretikäideltud liha looma kaitse vaatest ja kui me räägime siis köögivilias siis juurviljade eelistamine ja just kartuil peid borgaant, sellist juurviljade eelistamine versus näiteks kasvuhonnes kasvatatavad nagu tomad kurk, kuna see listad võtta programresursi, et see on neil välja arvutatud, ja väga olulise punktina transporti effektiivsuseks siis vahemaad masina valik, millega see toit kohala tuokse pakendamine ja kütus ja samas sellel väks, jolle on sellised huvitavad ased, et tema on täia, likult välistanud riisi ja riis on me nüüdest asendatud nisu kruubiga ja nisu kruubiga et see oli päris üllatav ja just sellel vahemad et kui me mõtleme muidud sellel taltrikule siis kui tõkenud et, et lennukiga riis, võiblasel, mingit banaanid värgid, et kusse kohal on lennanud ja milline tõesti sellel jala jälg on olnud ja siis sellel samas väks, jõs on siis kord nädalas on ainult nüöldab väga on päev ja iga iga on kui päev pakutakse kaks valikult lastelle on siis lihaaga valik ja ilmaa lihatavalik võiblaselised lihtsalt juur ta, mida ei olevel räägitud ja luume likult sellal on nimad, et kogu näiteks, võtame näiteks startut, et malmõ ja sellel teise rootsilina rootsi omavälitsa näitele, et kõigil on samahame nüü, iga, päev ja siis sellel ainult kõnemissel variatiivsus on erinevata köökide vahel on siis saalat, et siin on siis, ma kui te näete, et see mõtta on selles, et sellel on, et samad suur köökid, kes teevad siis on vahegöökid, kes pakuumad ja teevad mitagi juurda, aga ka võibala sellel toidu ainete tarnaa sellise mahuud ja mingi loogilisus, aga selles ma ei ole vääris kindel erit, mis sinu oskat lisaltaa ja võtte sellegi arvest seda pakkumisteks, kui me räägime sellise mahe osakaul suurendamist, et ja võttes arvest, et me siin ikkagi estis ju, tahame silmaspidama lukesin ka seda välja, et ka peestisriikid ja sikagi sellist kohaliku maheda pakkumistest, vastal juul võib juhtu see, mida summa esimsel grafi, kui me teitasid, et see tuleb kuskilt teisel maal maagerea ma tahaks kegepelt teha elta selle, mida Brititles praegu lõpus sellel kohta, et samad menüud on, et tõistin, et entes kahest innas on samad menüud ja nad kuna sellel tehaaks et egelikult siis toorainahankkeid, eks see, et meil tehaaks, meil hankivad enamus suuremaid kohtina tankivad ju toitlustaja, eks ju oma hankega et tegelikult nii ja taaniskor otsist tehaaks siis valdavalt toorainahankkeid ja kuna teevad sellel üisem enüü, et kõikides malmelinnakoolides on samal päeval, samatoite, siis nad tegelikult nende kogustega, mis siis ühteve teist toorain, et vastavalt ma ajad, et saavad tegelikult paremad hinta et see võib olen üks selliseid asjumilele tähälepano pöörata aga kuna istis tegelikult ju valdavalt kele oma kõike ei ole neid hankivad toitlustaja, et siis oorain öttes, et tegelikult see on neid toitlustaja enda valikka et kuna näiteks hirle tartuline hankest ei saa kirjutada, et see toitlustaja kedana tankivad, et üks valikukriterium on siis kohalikua toiduapakkumine või kohalikumahatoiduapakkumine et siis tegelikult see hea koostöö sellel kesteepsele hankge ehk noh näiteks siis tartulinn ja see toitlustaja kes siis pakkub seda, et see oma vaheline hea koostöö ja läbi rääkimine et võimalikult palju kohalikupakkuda et see mulle tundub, et on ikkagi praegu tainukkene ainukkene võimalus võimalus ja tegelikult seda ma küsisin ka olen ka korduvalt juba aga 10 aast tagasi, ma olmest küsinud ja küsinud ka nüüd ilmisel aastelen, et täpsed saman moidi et meil on tehtud toorain anged erinevateks juppideks et kohalikul oleks ka mingisugune kohalike letevatele mingi shines pakkuda ja näad räägivad siis oma kordanenda pakkuja tega läbi et selles valikus mida nad mida nad pakkuvad, et saan on olemast nii ja noh tead näiteks külgi vilja te puhule, et saan on olemast nii ja selles listis on olemast nii kohalikke, kui sisse tooduda tegelikult siis see samo kokke või toitlustus juht siis tegelikult tema 7 otsusa kumpada võtakul on, et mõlemad on selles hongke nimekirjas või tooraine nimekirjas, mida on hongitud on on olemast, et selline komentarad, kui ta smoodi nad on seda naganoid ja tegelikult, loomulikult see, mida me tahaksime et kui maha tõidust räägime ju, me tahaksime ju et võimalikult palju kohalikult oitu et kohaliks siis nii piirkon amõistes, kui siis tegelikult kodum oine siis vähemalt terve isti oma ja ma usunud, et see on ka selline aspekte, mida peakse proovima järgida nendes kele on või nendes koolides lasta, et kus on oma köögid ja kus tõesti sul on võimalus ootsustuda kele käessa, mida ostad et siin se rõuge näide kindest kui väga jaakuse muna teia ja kartulipohol tehtigi kohe oma selle piirkona tootiga kokkulepe ja tegelikult teravile tootid või jahud, mis on lisandud pärast, et nendele on ju sama moodi on tegelikult ju võruma tootia kes seda pakube mida selle oma kohalikult asantilt ja vaadat, et kus kohapel siis on olemas see pakku ja noh toitustaja, noh kui me räägime Baltic restaurant siis toitust peab vaatama hindu et kus ja kohapel ne pakku ja pakub kaks korda kailimal kui keegi teine noh sa peat kuski siin tegema ju mingi kompromissie eriti arvestates näit kasutada olevait olevait rahasid, nii et mõusun, et kui järjest rohkem tuleb mohe toitustus hankete se sisse siis tegelikult meil pakkumine suuränab meil suuränab selliste pakku ja natte ulke kes on võimalised pakkuma jus nimelt horakusektoris saada ja kui me suuränab pakkumine siis täiesti selgelte ka mohetoitu hind muutub nendest katekooritas kus sa praagon liiga kõrge kindesti odaavamaks et tegelikult meil on ka teatud mohetoitu katekooreid et kui me näiteks räägime vei se lihas, siis see liha vei se lihas sige liha vei se liha mohetana praktiiliselt üldse kui tavaveinsema aga ma tahaksin tegelikult tuleb korraksele eesmärkida juurdu tagasi et marvaned, et me näiden kui me võteme sellest sama taunia rohtsimine täna jutu on olnud, et nemad on tegelikult mõlemad, taunia on tegelikult väga selge riikliku eesmärgi ja rohtsi on ka tegelikult riikliku eesmärgi või sellise riikliku suovituse selle mohetoitu prosentide osas tegelikult otsus on ikkagi omavalitsusele et näiteks taunis, et kui see koppen haage tema seab on ma ole eraldi eraldi täiendava kõrgema eesmärgi ja liikub sinna selle pool täpselt samamuoodi on rohtsis linnades, näiteks moolmöö kes see on seadud oma ole väga selge eesmärgi ja kohalikult asantil või juba mainitud väksju või mis iganest tegelikult enamuse rohtsi omavalitsuse moheto osas seadnud selge eesmärgi sellesmõttes selle poliiti lisel tohtel ütlema tulla kaasaka sellise riikliku eesmärgi ka on väga suur roil ja eestis on, või pala kui me räägime riigipuolta, et noh tautul innan seadnud oma ala praegu, väga selge eesmärgid ja suundub tegelikult selle mohetoid uusmunas kui tegelikult riiglikult asantil mele ei ole sellise eesmärgid, sellesmõttes tuleb ikal juhul väga kiita tartud ja tegelikult on võrumalgab päris palju initiatiive et setama valla mitub projekti mis tegelevad mita ainult setama aga vaid tegelevad ka laiemalt võruga kus tõesti proviteks järes rohkem seda mohetoidupuolte lähtavale tua ja otsiteks võimalusi kui ta smoodi seda võimalikult piirgondikult ka toitustajab tele pakkuda aga meil on olemas mohema ajansu tervikprogramu riiglikult valitsuseb olpalt vastu või kinitatud dokument, kus see mohe toitustuse teema lasta asutustus on selgelt sees aga aga aga see oli ole tegelikult võetud mingisugust sellike teesmärkega selliste strategis suunta ja see on kindlastine väga suure ootus ja lootus et nüüd kus kogu tahelepano peaeko on suunatud koronale et siis tegelikult sellise, et pikka ajalisemma jätkusuutlikult eesmärkit ei võtmine jääks tahab laanile sellise igapäevase keerulise olukora lahendamisel väga hia nüüd meil hakkapaeg otsa saama aga ma aaro saa selles mõttes toitustajate esintajana võib olla me tänase päeva olemene natukene kasele koronaase võib võit ka natukene kommenteerida elnevad jutu aga võtled ilusasti võtad kogku võtad ära hirmu meeguule et sügisel olegena meestisühtegi toitustajatkes võiks lastele toitubakud et äkki sa teetsukse väikse kogku võtte tänasele päevaale korakommenteerin teile teemasi, et selles suutsed seda hankete teema et ega mie vime karikularesed ikkagi läbi need toorainahanked nii kar taaselt kui aastas aga rumalmõtgud, kuna me ei ole riigi et me ei vii läbista riigi hankete vahendusel aga pakku jatkes on huvitada meil pakkomast võiks me jõustu võihiga võhendust võtte ja anda teada, et järvi sankes et soid osaleda, et neid saaks sankke kutsed teine teema ütleme siis vabalt võetud jälle valikud et nagu siin kadiene välja tõi vabalt võetud endale ka eesmärgiks ikkagi minna teelikult üle vabajogsu kanal munadele aga kui me võtme puhtab meie, et võtte siis jukas siis meie jauks tähendab se aastas kus aga 15 000 eurot isakulu nii et siin tekkim nagu selline kitsaskohte samas kui võtme konkreet siin näitele kui tapavalla valitsusteeb hainid hinnahankene et siis seal me ei saa tulla vastu vabajogsu kanal munade kasutamisega ja samas teha ka välge oda vana pakkumist et siis teged se hinnahanketeema ja esi kui me ütleme et egesin toidu rahad näkas või tailim või tartu ega jõu toidu päeva maksumusi oda vahe peal muutunud aga nõu, et me kasutaksime mahe toorainet ja egesi mahe tooraine nüüd ka ilm 2 % või 30 % selle mõne lõbuks vajelde aga aga sa põhimet, et on ikkagi ka ilm kui tavaline tooraine mitte mahe toorainesis ja nüüd korona kriisis küll on simt palgasurve võib või vähene aga inne seda ju järjest ka palgadele sõrve eksist toidu või toidu rahanien samaks palgad on tõusnud järjest ja ka tooraine hinda et siin on teiline konfliktikoht sõis aga se hari siinu püsimus et egas sügisiks on ka mõni toitust ja kindlasti on sellest, et ega majandust ühe kohta ei talu et kui keegi loobub sinna tuleb kohe kindlasti keegi teine kiiresti asemele kui olukord on nüüd uuliga ei ole mida peaks mõtegi veits pelgama on see, et kui nüüd sinn tõdusamete väile, et võib olla tuleb sügisel, et sunaamina takasimeeoks siis ega sellist olukorda innud, et ei peaks eesti riigim majandus see alul ka siis ka kooli toitust et ei suudaks küll nagu üle elada veel teiskorda, et kui uuesti tõmatakse täiesti käibel nulli olukodast, kus saale niigi terve suueva pidand sinne oma reservitest elama nootus, kus midagi akada uuesti teinima teks siis selline korona hirmuust või viirusti hirmudest võiks tegelt üle saada ja leppida sellega, et nad on see meie ombär olemas ja me peaks lisatama käitumist muutama vastavalt, et me peseks käsi rohkem oleks üldisima tervislikumad oleks mu hoolio oma ja kui vajadus siis ka ojak sinne distansi aga jaa, igali on see sobi sreaga hästi siia meie tänas üritse lõppu ja kuna vaek on täis siis ma tänan kõiki kuule, et tänan kõiki ette kand jaa ja siis nii palju veel ütlen, et selles samast ratkiti projekti mille raames ma ka tänas üritse läbi viisime et jälgiga seda informatiooni meie siia siis Tokulni Keskuna instituuti Tallinne Keskus ja kodulehelt ja võin öel, et luudeta vasti piaavi tuleb ka lõpuks siis projekti oma kodulehek kus kõik see infu üle saa ja nii nagu me enne juba oleme siis ka natukene lubanud ääriv eeri, et me proovime siis kokku panna sellise juhenmateri, mis aitaks võib ole kõikid ennetel teemadel mille ma tänarääkisime systeemsemalt ja ühtsemalt siis edasi liikuda. Nii et veel kord tänud kõikile ja jõudu jaksu ja nüüd on aeg just sõema minne, mul on väga kõht üjaks minnema, nii, et kõige paremat.

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Finding the pH During a Weak Acid-Strong Base Titration - After the Equivalence Point 001

Calculate the pH during the titration of 40.00 mL of 0.1000 M propanoic acid (CH3CH2COOH; Ka = 1.3 x 10-5) after 50.00 mL of 0.1000 M NaOH has been added.

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Okay, so let's attempt to do this last portion of the problem. So again, we're finding the pH during a weak acid strong base titration, but this is after the equivalence point, so we have more base than acid, like more moles of base than moles of acid at this point in time. So we'll just reread it says calculate the pH during the titration of 40 mils of 0.100 molar propanoic acid, Ka1.3 times 10 to the negative 5 after each, or after the following volume 50 mils of 0.100 molar NaOH has been added. So from these volumes and concentrations, we should be able to get the number of moles. So if you remember from our last calculation, the number of moles of the propanoic acid here 0.005000 moles, okay, so remember what I was saying, you want to compare moles to moles on all of these things. So we'll do a quick ice table, okay, even though I know you guys can see that all of the moles of acid are used up, we'll just show it explicitly, okay. So first ice table you guys have been writing down here, 0.004000, and we're going to, oh we started out here, 0.005000, and zero there. So with this being the limiting reagent now, we can only subtract that much of this. Does that make sense to everybody? Okay, so we're going to subtract 0.004, like that, to get zero there, and back to get 0.001, zero, zero, zero, like that. Is everybody okay with that number of moles? Okay, so we could now figure out what the molarity of the hydroxide ion concentration is, okay. Why? Because we have the number of moles of hydroxide, right, this is moles? Sodium hydroxide or hydroxide ions, okay, so the concentration of the hydroxide is going to be, well, the number of moles divided by what, the total volume, right? So what's the total volume? 50 plus 40 mils, so 90 mils for 0.0900 liters, like that, okay. So moles divided by liters, that equals molarity, right, so 1, 1, 1, 1, molar, NaOH or OH minus. So we could do this a number of ways. I'm just going to use the KW, since that's my favorite way of doing it. So remember, KW equals the concentration of H3O plus times the concentration of OH minus. Is that okay? So H3O plus equals KW divided by concentration of OH minus. Do we have both of those things? Yes, right, so that equals 1.0 times 10 to the negative 14 divided by 0.01111. The negative 13th molar, okay, so how do I get the pH from that? The pH is going to be the negative log of the H3O plus concentration. So negative log, 12.05. Easy enough, right? That one, hopefully you think was easier than the other ones. Are there any questions on this one before I let you guys go? Okay, wonderful. Thank you. Okay, have a good one, guys. Have a good weekend. I'll see you next time.

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Getting Started with AI

You've seen the hype and want to dip your toes into the world of AI. Join us for the first session of our AI for Legal Aid Series as we discuss how to get started using AI tools like ChatGPT.

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Thank you for coming to today's session on getting started with AI. I'm Miles, your AI-generated emcee from Murph.ai, and I am just one example of the many things that AI can create for you. Now, here's your speaker, Shelly Reid of the Legal Services National Technology Assistance Project. Miles, as Miles said, my name is Shelly Reid and I will be introducing you to the wonderful world of generative artificial intelligence. Today's session is going to be a brief introduction to GenAI, and I'll be using several GenAI tools. To prevent technical difficulties, I've created recordings of many of my interactions with the tools, and we'll be seeing those throughout the presentation. The slides and the embedded recordings will be available along with the recordings of this webinar on our YouTube channel shortly. All right, let's get started. First, I want to take a poll on see how many people have used AI before. If you've never used Slido before, you can just take your phone and scan the QR code, or you can go to slido.com and enter that seven-digit number there below. Let's see, how many people have ever used AI? So far, the results are higher than I expected. Perfect. So we have about 63 percent currently saying they have. We're about 22 percent saying no, others are not sure. So that gives us a picture of where we are as we get started. So I find myself using Microsoft's being GenAI chat a lot, and one nice feature is the voice input option. This triggers an audio response. So it's really helpful if you're busy working on something, you can have it responding in the background. So let's see it in action. Here we're on Bing. Searching for everyday tech that uses AI. Hi, this is Bing. I'm happy to help you learn more about artificial intelligence, AI. AI is the branch of computer science that deals with creating machines or software that can perform tasks that normally require human intelligence, such as recognizing faces, understanding speech, or making decisions. AI is becoming more and more integrated into our everyday lives, and you may not even notice how many things you use or interact with that rely on AI. Here are some examples of everyday tech that uses AI. Voice assistance, devices like Amazon Echo, Google Home, or Apple Siri use AI to understand your voice commands and respond to your queries or requests. They can also learn from your preferences and habits to provide personalized suggestions or reminders. Image recognition, many smartphones use AI to unlock your phone with your face or to enhance your photos with filters or effects. AI can also help you organize your photos by detecting faces, objects, or scenes in them. Financial fraud detection, banks, and credit card companies use AI to monitor your transactions and flag any suspicious or unusual activity. AI can also help you manage your finances by providing insights or recommendations based on your spending patterns. Recommendation systems, platforms like Netflix, YouTube, or Spotify use AI to analyze your viewing or listening history and suggest content that you might like or enjoy. AI can also help you discover new products or services based on your preferences or needs. So whether you realized it or not, AI has been changing the way we do things for quite some time. In late 2022, generative AI technology became available to the public through chat-based interfaces such as ChatGPT, followed by Bing, Bard, and thousands of tools that are now available using those interfaces. So the first thing we need to do is really learn a bit of terminology. Artificial intelligence is the capability of computer systems to mimic human cognitive tasks like problem solving and learning. It's how we describe a computer system's thinking. Machine learning is an application of AI that allows machines to learn these capabilities by extracting knowledge from data and capturing it in a mathematical model. Generative AI is a class of machine learning models that, given a prompt, can generate outputs such as text, images, code, video, music, and lots of other things. A large language model is generally, though not necessarily, a gen AI model that are trained on huge amounts of data such as the entire public internet. And they contain billions of parameters that they use to respond to our queries. GPT is a large language model that was trained by the company OpenAI and they were the first really that released it to the masses. And chat GPT is a chat bot that was trained on a special chat transcript data and built on OpenAI's GPT model. And it's really, it's a new way of doing things where it has a conversational interface and can be thought of as one application of an LLM. So we also need to understand what AI is not. AI is not a search engine. It's not going out and summarizing the materials that it finds, even though many systems seem to function like a search engine. AI is not a research tool. It uses algorithms to create text based on predictions. So I guess I should clarify that. It's not a research tool in the way we think of research in the past. AI is not trustworthy, even if it's very convincing and it is really good at sounding correct. So you always have to remember to verify the information that AI finds for you. And AI is not infallibly consistent. You can ask the same question to the same generative AI model and not get the same results. So it's, it generates text, it generates other images based on what the algorithm predicts at that time. And one thing that you can do is many of the systems have what they call temperature settings and they allow you to set how much creativity or how much leeway you give it in its responses. Some people have called this the bullshitter meter and the higher number is more random and more likely made up. Since last year, hundreds of companies have introduced AI tools that specialize in everything from transcription to poetry. And on your screen you can see just some of the tools that are available. And we're gonna focus today on more of the chat and search tools. We'll mention some of the art tools and some of the speech or text to speech tools but there are so many more available. So AI is being used in the legal industry for tasks such as document review, contract analysis, litigation prediction and legal research. AI is really good at first draft creation for certain things like client emails in letters and with good prompts you can produce material that is a good start but it always needs the human touch to come after. AI is really good at rewording things or making them more readable to the average user and it can also almost be thought of as a turbocharged thesaurus. AI is good at, it seems really good at research. So again, we mentioned earlier that it's not a research tool per se in the way that we think of research but it is able to go out and predict things and give answers to queries. And there's a really fun survey that Sam Hardin did and he can find it at Sam Hardin's LinkedIn page and he did a survey of legal advice versus legal information. And I think as we're moving forward in using gen AI for legal work this is gonna become really where the key is determining whether generative AI responses are going to be considered legal advice or legal information. And it was really interesting to me that when the generative AI did a disclaimer that it was not providing legal information more people found that, the disclaimer was that it was not producing legal advice, I apologize. More people found that the answers were legal information and not advice. So AI can be really beneficial in the practice of law. The things that it can do, it can be really efficient and AI has been used for document review for years. Chatbots and virtual assistants are where we're starting to see some action in the legal world and it's really great at streamlined client interactions because clients want an immediate response. So with a chatbot who is trained on a closed environment and not the whole internet they can give good advice or good information, not advice, excuse me and respond to queries and common questions and office hours and things like that that clients want an immediate response to. AI chatbots are also cost effective and they can also be used to predict legal outcomes based on historical data and so they can be used to shape case strategy. I mean, like Lexis has been using AI to predict what a judge will decide on a case and so we're gonna see more and more of that as we move forward. Some of the potential benefits that I think we'll see with AI are that it's going to reduce the cost of service. It's going to allow us to provide faster service, provide better service and serve more people. It's also going to improve access to legal services and access to justice by simplifying court processes, providing self-help and information, connecting self-represented litigants with providers and other resources and it's going to assist in language and literacy assistance. Right now it's really good at doing plain language editing and it's going to help open that field up for organizations that don't have bilingual staff, for example. Some of the things that we need to think about in the legal field are the ABA model rules and those rules require us to be competent in relevant technology. So just by attending this webinar, you're learning about AI so that you're meeting those obligations. The other thing we need to think about is the privacy concerns that come along with generative AI. Each of, when we put material into a generative AI system, that material can be used to train the system. So as an attorney in working in the legal field, we do not want to put personally identifiable information for our clients into those systems. It's recommended that we use closed systems that are designed and built for legal work. Some of the other considerations for using AI in the legal field are we need to be concerned about the accuracy of the generative AI system. AI systems are known to hallucinate. That means that they make up things when they don't have an answer. We also need to be concerned about bias that's built into these systems. We all know that our country has, excuse me, has a bias issue and when those biases are in the training data, that also is reflected in the results. We also need to be considered of the ownership. Who owns the data? Who owns the system? Where is the training data being housed? And also if you're creating something with AI, the courts so far have ruled that AI created materials cannot be copyrighted. So you can, if say you're creating content for your websites and it's completely AI generated, you can't copyright that information. However, if you edit that material enough, then you can copyright materials and you should be editing because you want to make sure that the material that the AI is producing is accurate and true, you want to make sure that it didn't hallucinate for you on you. So by now, almost everyone has heard of the case in New York, MATA versus Avianca, that ended with attorneys being sanctioned for relying on cases generated by chat GBT. The real issue in this case was that the attorneys did not validate those cases. They did not take them to a legal research site and verify that the cases that chat GBT produced were real cases. And then they buckled down and when the court asked them about the cases, they went back to AI and asked AI if the cases were real and AI said, of course, they're real. And so instead of actually spending the time and verifying those cases themselves, they used a system that is prone to hallucinating. The other thing that we've seen in the news is the do not pay controversy where Josh Browder offered to pay someone to let AI feed them the words to argue before the Supreme Court. Obviously we're not at the point that AI is capable of creating a true legal argument. We've also seen many judges in the US district courts responding to the Avianca case by requiring disclosure if AI is used in preparation of briefs. So all of these things are building up in regulation but there have been many opinions that the current regulations that requiring technology competency are enough. But I think we can also create some guidelines that will help us as we use generative AI. So what we're beginning to see in the legal field are closed systems that build on larger language models to create tools that address the concerns of the legal field. And on your screen you see some of the products that are being released. And these closed systems mean that they are trained on legal related documents whether it's the Harvard Law Project where it has all the cases or Lexis database of cases. So it's not going out to a larger pool of information but it's pulling from legal vetted information and it has less chance of hallucinating when it's using these closed systems. And now we're gonna move into what you've all been waiting for. Let's get started using some of these generative AI systems. So we're gonna try out Microsoft Bing first and we're gonna learn about some of its features. Bing works best when you use the edge internet browser to get started, simply log into Bing or speak your query as I will do in this demo. Hey Bing, give a very brief description of how to get started using you. And as you can see it takes just a moment. Hello, this is Bing. I'm a chat mode of Microsoft Bing that can help you with various tasks and queries. You can ask me anything you want such as facts, trivia, jokes, poems, stories, code, essays, songs, celebrity parodies and more. I can also create graphical artworks based on your prompts. To get started, just type your message in the chat box and press enter. I will try to reply as soon as possible. If you wanna change my chat settings, you can use the toggle button on the top right corner of the chat window. You can choose between three modes, balanced, creative and precise. Balanced mode is the default mode where I try to balance between creativity and accuracy. Creative mode is where I try to be more imaginative and innovative, but sometimes less factual. Precise mode is where I try to be more factual and rigorous, but sometimes less imaginative. You can switch between these modes anytime you want, but it will start a new conversation with me. I hope you enjoy chatting with me. So I find that, you know, the sometimes less factual. So it readily admits that it's going. So chat GPT has received so much attention. Let's watch chat GPT in action. Chat GPT and other generators are really good at summarizing information. So I thought we would do a demo of something that, you know, we have to worry about in my office and that's the image sizes for posting to different social media platforms. So let's look at what is the best image size for posting on social media and see what chat GPT tells us. That's pretty good. Instead of having to go to each site and figure out, you know, where to look and where to find the information. Within seconds, chat GPT was able to give me a list of all the different sizes for the different platforms, but it's not really what I wanted. I was hoping to get one image that would work for many. So let's see if we can go a little farther. And the prompt there, if you couldn't see it was, is there one image that would work for all platforms? Chat GPT is telling me that no, there's not one specific, but they might be, we might be able to use a 1080 by 10. So can you think about things where you need to summarize lots of information and how this feature might be usable for you? I'm hoping that you're starting to see the benefits. So have you ever been in a Zoom meeting and you noticed an attendee named OtterAI or Fireflies AI in the meeting? What you're seeing there are AI transcription services and these services are definitely handy. However, there's some difference of opinion on the legality of recordings without notification. Also, there are definite privacy concerns when the conversation is with a client. You may have noticed that Zoom notifies you when the host records a meeting. So somewhere Zoom's lawyers are cheering because they won that battle, but it's something that we need to think about as attorneys. If using a transcription service for telephone calls, for example, be sure to consider the laws of your state. I was in a meeting with lawyers recently and I was really surprised that the enthusiastic response when asked how many of the attorneys were using these services. And it didn't seem that they were even considering the laws of the state where they were practicing, but it is something that we have to be mindful of if you live in a state where recording without notification is illegal, it's certainly something that you don't want to be doing. So all of these systems require us to tell them what we want and how we tell them is what is called a prompt. And when you're creating prompts, you want to make sure that you follow the guidelines that you see on the screen. You want to be clear, you want to give context. For example, you might say that I am in a attorney and I need to give a speech on creating a PowerPoint presentation. And so you tell the generative AI system what you need. Use complete sentences. For some reason, the AI systems seem to perform better when complete sentences are used. Ask open-ended questions, just like you would with a child. If you don't want to know for an answer, don't ask a question that it can limit the response. Ask multiple questions versus one complex question. So break your questions into multiple sentences. And then tell the system what kind of format you want. Do you want a table? Do you want a paragraph? Do you want to limit the number of words in the response? If you find that you're having trouble getting the expected result, there are some AI tools that can help you create better prompt. And we're going to use Fido as an example. We're going to take a quick look at how it can help you with your prompts. So let's go take a look. Here, we're in Fido and we're going to enter the prompt, craft a client letter saying, I can't take their legal case and hit the generate button. And the system creates a prompt that can be copied and then pasted into chat GPT. So these prompts, there are prompt generators for texts, there are prompt generators for image creators. So if you have problems, maybe try using the prompt assist generators for a little while and then that will help you be able to learn how to craft better prompts on your own. So a fun way to bring AI into your world is to use one of the many AI headshot generators. So using photos from your phone selfies and other things, AI can create a number of options for you. I will warn you that AI has problems with glasses just like it has problems with hands. So as you can see, all of these images, all the photos that I uploaded had glasses because I wear glasses all the time, but you can see the results are mixed. And it seems to me when I used photos with glasses, the results looked less like me because the system was having to try to generate something without the glasses. But you can, if you do a lot of speaking and you want different headshots, this is a fun way to build your portfolio of headshots without having to go to a photographer every time. And what we're seeing in the AI headshot generators, now they're using DNA to predict facial features. So in the future, you might not even have to upload a selfie. So that's actually being used in the criminal world, you know, criminal legal world now to create mugshots of who they think might have done something based on DNA evidence. We won't get into the problem, addict aspects of that though. So, but think, if you're going to use one of these headshot generators, one of the things that you wanna think about, review their privacy policy and opt out of having your photos used for training. Many of them also give you the option of selecting to have your photos deleted once your images are created. And I would recommend doing that, then you know that it's not being used for the training data. So you heard Miles introduce me at the beginning of the presentation. I wanna show you how you can create Miles using Murph AI. And this is fun if you have to do a presentation to have someone or have someone introduce you or if you're gonna have a podcast to creating segment for the podcast. Well, here at the murph.ai homepage, we're gonna create a new project we're gonna select audio and start blank and create a project. Then I'm gonna paste in the texts that I want to have read. From here, we can divide up the text into pieces. We can add pauses. And this is very similar to what I did to create the introduction. If we want Miles to pause, we can add different lengths of pauses. We can change the tone, whether it's going to be conversational or inspirational. We can change the pitch, the speed. We can also change the speaker. However, there are different charges for the different speakers. So let's get rid of the pro so that we have just the free voices available and we'll generate the audio. Thank you for coming to today's session on getting started with AI. I'm Miles, your AI-generated emcee from murph.ai. And that's how it was done. So one of the things that GenAI does well is summarizing long documents. Let's go to Claude and watch. We're an anthropics Claude now and we're gonna use Claude to summarize the US Constitution. So we simply click on the attachment icon and find the file that you wanna summarize. Let it pull in and then tell Claude what you wanted to do. Summarize this document. And Claude gets to work and will produce a summary for us. Some pages down to a few lines. This would have been great in law school trying to summarize all of those case files. So also, this would be really great for summarizing long documents. When I was in law school, I worked at an organization and we were doing social security disability cases and the many, many, many reams of documents. It would have been great to have been able to use a system like this to create a timeline and to create a list of all the different cases and claims and all the different pieces of that case. GNI tools are really good at cleaning up text and making it more readable. Let's take a look at how Bard handles this task. I've preloaded Google's Bard with the instructions, edit the following text to be concise and easier to understand. Now I'm going to paste in the Gettysburg address. Let's see what it comes up with. Here we can see that 87 years ago is certainly more understandable to today's speech than four score and seven years ago. I really like Bard because it shows exactly what it did to make the changes. We can also go over here to see other options. Let's take a look at draft two and that is certainly more concise. And draft three, again, it's provided all the directions or all of what it did to change the document. So again, using like this as we try to make our websites more readable for the clients and more usable and making sure that we're using language that's understandable to all, say, you can tell the systems to use a seventh grade reading level in rewriting for readability. So another way you can use AI is to create images. And this is really nice because you can create images specifically for your needs and you don't have to worry about whether or not there are copyrights on those images. So we're gonna go to bing.com and use, sorry, bing.com slash create. And the best thing about this is Bing's image creator is free and it works great. So because of the heavy usage, Bing limits the fastest response times through a point system and each week users are given 15 points that allow images to be created faster than those without that boost. So this just helps level the playing field so the occasional user is not stuck in the queue behind others who are making repeated images. And if you do any creating of images, you'll quickly find that AI art has some quirks. I mentioned earlier that it's not good at creating hands and glasses are problematic, but it is, I mean, all of these images on the screen were created. And you can see here the prompt that was used when you go to Bing's image creator, if you hover over the image, you'll be able to see the prompt that people use to create that image. And that's one way of learning how to create prompts yourself. And you may not think of Canva, the graphic design tool as an AI tool, but Canva's had AI built in for quite some time now and they recently released their Magic Studio series, which is multiple tools that use AI. And the new Magic Studio incorporates AI into everything from PowerPoint presentations to recordings, to images. And the price is right because they have a very generous nonprofit discount. It was free for nonprofit organizations that may have changed in the last few weeks. They may have increased the price slightly. I know they've limited the number of team members that could be in, but their nonprofit pricing is certainly worth asking about. So AI has the potential to lift some of the burdens of our everyday tasks, but there are some serious concerns that we have to consider and we've mentioned those throughout the presentation. You know, I mentioned earlier that I worked on a disability case while I was in law school. And AI would have been great at making that list of dates in the summary of clients condition, but a summary would not have provided me the full picture of the client struggles and it can't be an acceptable substitute for knowing the details of a case. It sure would have helped comb through those stacks of documents to help counter the government's objections, but nothing replaces actual knowledge of a client in your matter. So AI can be a tool, but it is not the only thing that we need to use. So now I wanted to just kind of see where we are and see if any of these tools that we've mentioned so far have you consider using them? So what generative AI tool are you considering using now? We've talked about Bard, we've talked about Bing and chat GPT and Canva as this piqued your interest in using some of them. I won't give just a minute for people to respond. And the nice thing about the word clouds is getting to see things. And also not just the tools, if you have a job that you think that generative AI can help you with, are there tasks that this has got you thinking that it will help you do? Because sometimes all we need is, you know, seeing what someone else is doing to give us an idea for ourselves. Not very good. All right, so we're gonna move the poll will still be open. So if you want to go in and look later, you can see any other responses. So what can we expect from AI in the future? Right now they're working on AI that can smell. Research is underway to develop AI systems that can diagnose illness based on someone's breath. They can detect gas leaks, they can create perfume. Using sensors and cameras, touch AI can detect whether fruit is ripe and place it into a basket for someone. So at some point in the future, grocery bots will be able to select bananas, for example, with the ripeness level you prefer. AI is they're working on hearing capabilities. And, you know, for example, one of the tests that they've done is an AI that can analyze the sound of a gunshot and then it can alert authorities. I mean, haven't we all heard fireworks and wondered if it was a gunshot? So AI will be able to do that for us. So I apologize, this is not the slide that was supposed to be here. I'm not sure why we don't have it. So if you want to keep up to date with what is on the horizon, well, maybe it is. Google Labs does have an AI test kitchen that gives sneak peeks of things that they are working on. Right now they're working on a gen AI tool that can turn text into music. And I think that's gonna be fun. So we had text to speech. And one of the things I've done is in the past is create text and ask AI to create a song. So now we'll be able to, you know, in the future we'll be able to put text in and it will create a song and create the music for it. If this has got you thinking about the ethics, I know we've just barely skimmed that portion on AI. We do have an ethics of AI webinar coming up on December 19th. You can always go to our website, to the events page to see what's coming up. But if you want to scan this QR code, it will take you directly to the registration page. And we also are always trying to come up with resources that are helpful. So we've created an AI information resource and it's available on our website. It's searchable. You can look at all of the cases. I have alert set up. I'm gonna put a link right there so that you can go right to it. And you can see cases, you can see judicial opinions. You can see state bar opinions and state bar information on AI. So this, we're hoping that it will become, you know, the web, the resource for everyone for knowing what's happening in the world of AI and legal. So I wanted to leave plenty of time for questions. So I'm going to leave my contact information up here. And I'm going to, I've got to get so I can see where people are. If you have questions, I would love to answer the questions that you have. And let's talk about AI and how it can help you in your work. Maybe raise your hand using the control panel and or just unmute if you have a question. Molly, I have a question. Sure. This is Molly from Quality. Hey, hi everyone. Hey, I was just wondering what, so I was thinking about AI in terms of just the evolution of tech and how we started with just, you know, regular search engines. Now we have AI. And there was a movement and I'm not sure whether it happens or not. Maybe someone knows on this. Maybe you know. But if, so the way that search engines, I'm not sure that they work like this, but I was just thinking in terms of, you know, making money using AI if I were like a vendor or whatever. And I said, what is the best seafood restaurant in Denver? AI will generate a response based on, you know, previously entered data. But what if the oyster house pays a company to elevate their restaurant to the top of an AI response? Is that gonna happen like it does in search engines? Do you think? I think that it certainly could. Based on the training data and also just like search engines, you know, they, I think it will happen. I was just curious if you thought that might be the evolution of making it into more of a commodity than a free, you know, sort of a, well, it is biased. I mean, you read all the articles, but just if that was the potential of the future, the use of AI could sort of look that way. Well, certainly. And for example, GPT-3 is based on information up until 2021, I believe. So it can't give you anything that wasn't on the internet before 2021. So if you're using the free version of your chat GPT, then your information is already old. So there's lots of problems with that because there's not, well, it does, it sometimes will tell you that in its response that my information is based on information up until it's where its training data ended. However, at some point, just like, you know, Google and Yahoo and all the other search engines, they have to monetize. So what that will look like, I don't know. You know, there certainly seems to be a movement, you know, with the White House's statement on AI, you know, and the seemingly commitment to ethical AI use that the developers are paying lip service to anyway, you know, but at the end of the day, they're still selling a product and how they monetize it, we have yet to see. Okay, thank you. That's where closed systems, I think, is where the legal field is going to find the most use because we can choose the data that is used for training and those closed systems will be safer for putting client information because right now we ethically can't put client information into one of these large language models that is not a closed system. Right, right. We did, we met with case, I think it was case, GPT, case text, and it was pretty cost-prohibitive at this point for a nonprofit and no nonprofit discount. I think it will evolve into, you know, a broader use and audience at some point, but right now it was really cost-prohibitive. There are a few AI systems in development, we're working with an organization that want to or say they want to provide their service to legal aid organizations as, you know, a benevolent kind of thing as kind of a side job to their profit-making service. So we'll, you know, we'll keep an eye on that and certainly if it's something that we're able to share with the community in the future, we certainly will. So I think that, you know, legal aid and nonprofit market will have options in the future at an affordable price. It's just not going to be anyone's top priority. I don't think any of the companies that are creating. Yeah, they weren't really interested in following up with us or anything at that point, but okay, thank you. So what other questions, comments, thoughts? Well, I don't want to keep people if there are no questions and certainly we'll let everyone go. I will stay around for a few minutes if you didn't want to ask questions on the recording. Actually, we'll stop the recording now. I'm going to do a short closure and then we'll stop the recording. And if you have questions that you want to ask off the record, we'll be available to do so. So thank you everyone for coming to the webinar today. I hope that you learned some things and gained an understanding of what generative AI can do and are a little bit curious and are going to go out and try some things. Have a good day.

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Chocolate Ganache Cupcakes

Inspired by Ganache: Eat Cake Be Merry's decadent cupcakes, featuring ganache three ways – whipped, piped and drizzled! 🤎 Shop Ganache: https://bit.ly/3Nm9Zgi Nonstick Muffin/Cupcake Pan: https://bit.ly/3hqVhsx

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Love Crusade just launched a gorgeously decadent ganache color. To celebrate, let's make rich chocolate cupcakes with ganache 3 ways. For the ganache, grab some chocolate and let it sit in a bath of warm cream. After a few minutes, give it a stir until it's smooth and velvety, just like this. I promised I was going to use ganache 3 ways, so let's split it up and see how to prep them. The first one can be left to set up until thick, creamy and pipeable. The second one will get whipped until light and fluffy like a mousse. And we'll keep the last one slightly warmed for those glossy drips. Now for the chocolate cupcakes. Line, fill and bake them up. Once they've cooled down, core out the center. Fill it with the whipped ganache, then pipe a swirl of creamy ganache and lastly drizzle on some liquid ganache for the most indulging cupcakes. Let's give it a try. Now that's a decadent treat.

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QA BoF part II

by Lucas Nussbaum At: DebConf8 http://penta.debconf.org/dc8_schedule/events/236.en.html https://debconf8.debconf.org/ We like to continue the successfull talk from Monday ... Room: Salon del mar Scheduled start: 2008-08-14 16:00:00

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Hi everybody, this is Lucas Nussbaum and this is quality assurance of the continuing from last Tuesday Okay, thank you. So To start with I've listed things that we could discuss today. So some of the things were already discussed on Monday, I think So first thing is the handling of hand packages Then there's a problem of removing packages from unstable when it's for QA reasons We could discuss MIA We could discuss UDD We could discuss replacement or the improvement of the Debian developer package of a view We could make it we could discuss how to make it easier for new contributors to contribute to QA During when we prepared this both actually discovered that we don't have a wiki page on the wiki for QA, which we need to fix and Another point that was raised during the Mondays both is that pub can is not really relevant for some areas of Debian and What can we do to improve that? so the So with that we worked on a proposal for the handling for fun packages, which I'm going to Outline now and then we can discuss it and I meant it. It's only a proposal So first this proposal applies for Lenny plus one not for Lenny because if we start Well, the proposal is about removing packages from testing or fun packages from testing And if we start removing packages now, that's of users will miss some stuff because nobody noticed that it was removed So the first point of the proposal is to move the orphan the O, ATA and LFA bugs to the package they affect instead of assigning them to the WNPP package and then to set them serious and To tag them WNPP so we can easily find them all So those bugs are serious So this has to be this only a proposal. So maybe the release team will completely disagree. We'll see So those package Since the RC buggy they are removed from testing in the same way as the other package So that means that if a package is useful is a reverse Dependency for another package we might the release team might choose not to remove it but sometimes In the past it's a release team removed a buggy package and it's and the package that used it If it's only a small amount of small number of package Something else related to that is well the problem is that usually Developers and users don't know about The package that they use I mean severe if there are orphaned or if RC buggy So what we could simple thing that we could do Yeah, he's had a crown script to the death with package that sends a mail weekly with the newly orphaned Packages amongst those were installed. So it's mainly writing a small wrapper around RC alert and WNPP Yeah, oh Something else that users are usually not aware of is locally or obsolete Installed yeah, it's an obsolete package that package that were removed and are still installed or The package that were installed from outside sources. So the same script just warns the user about such packages It's important when a package is removed because you have to discover that it was removed so Pro and cons for this proposal So pro it's mostly an automated process. It would be really easy to implement We don't need to review each package. That's just a default default action for each package But this this proposal doesn't solve there we have a lot of negative package in Unstable problem. So it we would still keep all the orphaned packages in unstable, which is not really satisfying So we actually separated the two these two two aspects. So there's a second proposal for this So how to remove package from unstable for qa reasons? So these targets you will use less packages and Packages which are in bad shape the problem with that is if a package is useful to some users But it's it's in bad shape. Should we remove it or not? That's not easy to decide So the main well actually I maybe we can discuss after it or just go through all of it and then we can start so First well the problem is We need to make it easier to remove and to get back packages. Actually the problem that currently is quite hard So we could use a separate component on separate section of the archive for unsupported packages where we will put all the orphaned packages But the problem is then you have to modify a lot of tools to make let them know about this additional section and Actually, what happens? Well Ubuntu does that with main and universe and what happens that user just install packages without looking at Where they come from? So that they end up not knowing what is supported and what isn't so that's not really a nice solution. I think oh We have to develop tools to list packages that are supported and those aren't Supported that's not really good So we could remove them completely but make it easier to get them back So for example, we could try to keep the bind well when the removal is not for Licensing reason for example We could keep the binary package in some public place So users who really need this package even if it was removed and it's not of good quality Can still get it there and it's easy for developers to get them back So that basically boils down to something like a user friendly and official of course snapshot.debion.net Another problem that maybe we need to discuss with FTP masters is that it's currently quite difficult to know for which reason a package was removed There's a there's a big text file with the logs of all the removals, but you can't pass it easily and Well, you have to just to find the bug number to know why it was removed is not really It takes a lot of time So the rest of the document is just placeholders for ideas about the other things So, yeah, who wants to start? Okay, so yeah for the microphone if you only have a really short point to make You can make it without the microphones making loud and then the next one who talks try to repeat it because if it's just I don't think that we Can or should Make a bug series because they That's essentially there the use case. They are invented so that someone can offer a package without actually letting go of it and I think that's no reason to move them out of testing or out of stable releases. I mean At least not automated. I mean, of course, you can say to someone who has filed an FAA and Neglects the package that he probably should retitle it to an orphan But I don't think we should remove them automatically From testing for air FAA. Yeah for air FAA and For ITA's that were previously FAA's My problem is ITA bag bugs that often they stay ITA for a while then go back to all states So there's no no, I mean if an FAA bug is Retitled to an ITA bug it obviously should not This should obviously not increase its severity. So we can file FAA bugs at important and O bugs at serious and Retitling to them to ITA doesn't change the severity I would even say it's up to the maintainer which severity in our phase filed it So how desperately they wanted to have someone taking over so Well, then maybe it should be orphaned if the maintainer is really desperate about finding someone to maintain Yeah, but the package should if the package is still in the shape word Yeah, we're when I'm still maintaining it, but I really want someone else to take over that's no reason to remove it from testing Yeah, right, so the fun said the bugs are serious if you're You could want to find a new maintainer, but you're not going to commit to support for the whole stable release and the security that a year after the next step table release That's a long time and maybe when you file an RFA then want to commit to maintain it for the next Two years or more So it's up to the maintainer My view actually think that the problem look outside to address with this is that there are a lot of RFA Which just becomes the fact or orphaned packages, but which cannot be recognized as such so maybe the solution is at the Establishing a QA policy in which RFA after one month two months three months becomes automatically orphaned Or at least the process in which maintainers are asked about that Yeah Well, maybe the RFA is our heart. It's hard to find in people adapting Adopting packages using RFA. So I have some packages on RFA for month, which well, I'm keeping to maintain it, but yeah I'm not sure what one month We can't probably can't time that Accurately, but yeah, we should have a look at that Yeah, just beside timing it the point is having being sure that's at some point it will became an O Yeah, just to underline that the most important thing is to check that there's been activity on the package before automatically Retightening it and one of the things that would be useful is to try to encourage People who are coming in to contribute to Debbie and to pick up packages, which are RFA Instead of just packaging new stuff that nobody uses so I Had a package which was on RFA for to Debbie and releases. I wanted people to take it But I that did not mean that the package is going into disrepair. I kept maintaining it So I think automatically changing something that the maintainer has said that I'm requesting assistance They shouldn't go too often because if the maintainer wants to often it is they can always often it, you know So RFA just means I don't like this package anymore. I want somebody to take it, please But it doesn't mean that it is abandoned And so no automated process should overrule that Well, Manoj, but I think That only shows that you're a good maintainer Many people use the RFA just saying I Don't like or finding packages, but they don't care a bit about this one anymore and well maybe Automatically sending a mail to the after certain time without any action Could be a good option. Also, maybe if If a package has been RFA and has had no action for say no, no new upload for a certain amount of time then It could be promoted say to orphan or something like that because many people are not as responsible Well, we shouldn't treat we shouldn't by default Treats developers as bad developers. I mean, this is the thing that people say about my country or poison the United States That everybody treats people like criminals and that is a bad thing. I think it's also a bad thing to treat developers as bad developers by default So the thing about not having a new upload if they were The package that I had put on assistant hasn't had a upstream upload since 1996 People are still using it. It was useful. It was not in bad shape. I kept it compliant with policy I don't say why it would just slide into being orphan You you are penalizing a good developer by taking a package that they're maintaining and find useful and Think that oh you could be a bad developer. So I'm going to orphan it from you. I don't think that's the right Message we want to send So several comments first if you kept it compliant with policy You did uploads for it. So Yeah, okay. Okay. So, yeah, so so it was compliant with policy Just didn't state the new standard version, but we don't encourage uploads for that. Okay. Yeah, right. Okay, so I Agree with you. I think an RFA means that the package is still in the hand of the maintainer and There's should be no automated way to take it away from him We we should use tools like papasi that we have or that we develop to look at these packages, but it should not be in any way automated, but should require manual Interaction and often bark means I I I give up this package. So the maintainer gives up his rights and we can the QA group can decide what to do with it, but an RFA leaves the package in the hand of the maintainer and We should find the reason to take it away from him and not do it automated Just to even amplify though There's no reason why we can't find reasonable metrics for looking at a package if a maintainer is not responding for pings on an RFA bug If the RFA bug has no status if the maintainer doesn't respond if they're open bugs that have no change in status I mean these are all methods that can be used as stuff to feed into a Semi-automated process to automatically identify bugs that okay. These are bugs that are likely to be orphaned So it's not a case that we only have to have a manual process. We should have There's a point for some automation with human oversight Yes, the process should be automated, but the action they can't be manual, right exactly Indeed there's nothing specific to RFA, but this is a case where we know That there's a possibility that the package is going to become orphaned Just for detail on the proposal is everybody okay with the idea of moving the or ITA and RFA bugs to the package affected Yeah The only thing to wait on that is to make sure that I finished effects support in the BTS So do it for a couple of tests that make sure it works sanely and then you can move them all what affects Okay, so effects is a new feature which enables you to Modify To nominate a bug as affecting some other package. So there are lots of times where you have bugs that It's not a bug in your package But your package happens to be the package that users figure out that there's a bug For example, if libc6 is totally hideously busted and your package seg faults Well, it may not be the fault your package. It's libc6's fault for example So you could take this bug and say okay this bug that's actually filed against libc6 affects my package it'll show up in your package list and Hopefully users as they're checking to see why the crap is your package So buggy will see this bug and not file another bug that you have to reassign to libc6 and merge with the existing bug Why but in that case we were only thinking about reassigning to the package without marking Well, so the idea is for orphaned ITA and RFA bugs you would assign them to the package mark them as affecting the WMPP pseudo package and Because you've done that they will They show up still in WMPP So that if you're a QA person you can get the overview of all those bugs instantly And they show up in the original package so that they affect transition So you prefer it would prefer to have that instead of WMPP tag You can still use tags in addition, but well, then you get redundancy between Well, the tags have are much more than just WMPP because the tags you can use to sort you can use to do other things Besides just indicating that they affect a package So I mean I don't see a point for just tagging the bugs in PMPP because they're already going to be there But you're not doing that currently you're using tags like, you know, it's WMPP orphan WMPP Whatever I'm assuming right? Yeah, but it's the point of the WMPP tag That's then you can get all the bugs with that tag easily, but you can do the same if it's effective You just go effects equals WMPP and bam they all show up Well, sometimes I always start to reassign the box to both the main package and WMPP is I don't know What's the main difference between doing that and you see What affects? So the reason why you don't want to use comma deliminated Packages is because a comma deliminated bug is a bug that can be fixed by a change in either package It does not matter which package you fix it in either package can fix the bug correctly An effects bug can only be fixed by a change in the package, which it's actually assigned so We currently use comma assigned bugs, but it's not the right way The right way is to assign the bug to the package where the bug is in and affects everything else Yeah, but well we could also use a point of view where in Using it also in WMPP One can remove the package or find it and that's the other status and that's Sure possible way to fix in the time that you're going to remove a package You're going to then clone the bug and reassign the clone Orphan bug to fdp.devn.org at the point of removal. It's no longer a problem of WMPP. That's FTP master bug so Yeah, it would be appropriate to sign it to WMPP at that point Why do we have it done? What do you say about adding support? So, okay, let's let's assume we remove the back the bug to the affected packages and I Think that would solve the visibility problem of orphaned package would be to have a sorting in the BTS So that when you go to the BTS page for a given package You see first maybe with a big fat warning something like this package is orphan You'll see that. Sorry, you'll see that already because it'll have a serious bug that's open And so it'll be at the top and and serious it makes package unfit for release Etc. So it should be warning enough that your package has issues It'll show up in things like RC alert and etc Does someone else has something to say about this or should we move on? Move on. Do we all agree that orphaned bugs should be It's a very serious. I mean it's a lot of change, but yeah Just a quick comment on that for removal bugs. These could be tagged as affecting the very package that is being removed Though that's another point for visibility You mean using affects for that. Yeah, I I Guess that's something that we should probably work with that to be mastered to figure out how they want to work that because that's really an FTP master sort of decision, but it is an option Maybe that something a policy that needs to be Documented better because there's easier tax for FTP master that no one is using so Okay, so let's move on no one else Okay, so I literally read this yeah So again if yeah Okay For the bugs feel free to take them in whatever way you want retitles them effect whatever We always like it if someone is going through our buck list We never complain that one For the removes the more removal is the better Sorry, I didn't the more we move is the better we like to remove packages as much as we like to accept new ones in Well, the problem with removals is that when we move a package no longer available for sometimes it's a problem for some users So I think it was Use less packages sometimes are useful to a few users for good reasons Yeah, we regularly get complaints from a few users that want to package back in Usually it's easy if you just re-uploaded For one point that I read says is user-friendly offers a snapshot devian net says currently a snapshot devian org In the works we are currently talking to sponsors to get machines that can support it Will take a little while until that's officially available, but that would be one solution Do you have a timeline? Just an idea Within half a year or a year or something at latest the sooner the better We currently have the proposal for the hardware written and Send it to our sponsors and see what comes back Some of them already look for ways they can support it But then we need pretty big machines to really support the whole snapshot devian org So it's not something you can easily give out For the difficult to know for which reason a package was removed If someone approaches FTP master and wants a different kind of log file for removals We can easily create something comma separated or XML or whatever we are format something once That's no big problem. Are you finished? Okay? I Still have a problem with the whole term useless package. I mean package in bed shape. I can understand but What exactly for is for you a useless package that's not also in bed shape? Yeah, that's a problem Okay, let's not go down that road Yeah, but for example in currently in Bapaz We have like the list of Old orphan package we have the list of buggy packages and we have the list of often in you Packages and we have the list of useless packages on and currently I find the list of useless packages pretty useless I have to say If you go through it, there are many packages that are well maintained or where we come in I See no problem with that. I mean I have a package student has like nine Popcorn installations and I See no problem with that. I use it Pretty heavily and I will maintain it and so I see no fault in that Well with I think that basically the targets are often packages useless and bed shape Or what two or the three at least or maybe one of the three with a really bad state? Well Frank is right in that direction. It's pretty hard to define useless I agree with Manos and say vi is useless other people will say he makes this useless So that's a pretty Bad target to take packages in bed shape is much easier. You can look at the back Numbers they have you can look at the Standards version if it's something like one not zero. It's probably a bit old Yeah, but then sometimes you have packages that completely neglected for yours And still useful to some users And could be a lot really useful for to some users Yeah But if that's a point we we must not remove them from testing if they are often I Well, they might not even be our front. Yeah, I think we were we should just target often packages If there someone is maintaining a package, it's it's useful per definition or the maintainers we had but if it's maintained it will probably work Um, so I think the useless packages search If useless is often Pretty much resolves them itself by the previous discussion we had if it's removed from testing We can just wait sometime maybe after the next release or two months or whatever and then remove it from Unstable because no one will be hurt And if no one Does scream up at that point? Um They are out of luck Uh, I would like to say also about these packages which have low popcorn score for example we are seeing a problem of archive growing pretty much exponentially right and That's mostly due to the packages which have low popcorn scores. I bet Even the if they are well maintained Right people write something people write the utility which only they are using or maybe they are friends They push it into the debit into debian We end up with you know, three or five dvds. I don't know how many So the the the idea is that it is probably worth thinking maybe in not in this case, but In some larger sub project that we need a way to somehow you know Remove packages which We don't need like I don't I don't think we need 10 different dns servers in debian or something like that Well, okay dns server is a bad example But but but i'm sure there are other categories of packages where you have a couple of packages which I use Frequently and by a lot of people and then you have a long tail of packages which would have very low popcorn scores Sorry, if I could just one of the things that another set of packages, even if there's That's totally separate are packages which are not maintained And not used and because of those two things we have no clue that they're in bad shape because no one files bugs about anything Um That's far more important to me than packages that are maintained and not used by a lot of people Or packages that are maintained and only used by one person The thing that concerns me is packages that are doing nothing but loading the archive packages that no one uses And no one maintains and it's kind of hard to find those but you can sort of look at popcorn Maybe give you a clue. The other big thing is looking at Um number of uploads So I mean if you combine popcorn with recent uploads Then that would give you a set of packages that maybe you should ping the maintainer Um if the maintainer doesn't respond and say that oh, yeah, I use this package Or yeah users are using this package even though it doesn't show up on popcorn Then maybe those are some packages that should be removed. I don't know if you are familiar with bapas which I Briefly everyone I will just show you as soon as the browser starts Yeah, my laptop is slow So, uh, is that okay? Yeah Okay, so this list packages using different criterias. So we have the The the time Number of days since when it was orphaned won't be able to show it in the mouse Yeah, so this package, for example, was orphaned in 2002 Uh, this is the number of days since when it was last in testing and since It last migrated to testing And Up come Time of the last upload which is broken currently it shouldn't It's a number of nm use since the last maintainer upload. So with this kind of Thing and with ascending a score to each conon you can kind of get via an idea of Good targets for what you basically do. That's what you just said. That's pretty useful. Yeah Probably good to make a dda post about it or some things that people are aware that it exists I think that the only thing it's which is missing in bapasa which don't mention is the frequency of uploads So you already have the any number of nm use but you currently doesn't that don't have The number of uploads in the last year or something. Well, we have the last upload and see if the last upload is three years ago I'm not sure if we need to have the frequency because If it's if there was enough maintainer uploads in the last year anyway, it's maintained Versus Yeah, sure That's why you need several conons and you have to combine all the data Yeah, I just I think we have to be very careful that any one of these data points We have to be careful because if you see, you know regular uploads of a package that probably means somebody's actively maintaining it But not seeing uploads doesn't mean it's not being actively maintained It may just mean that it's nice stable robust software that doesn't break all the time Yeah, yeah, sure. That's why it works by ascending a score to which conon just to give An idea of which package should be investigated. It's not about removing them automatically I understand that I just want to make sure we don't lose sight of some of this in the talking about these details I wish there was some way of correlating this with how missing in action the maintainer is So if the maintainer is active The chances are that the packages that They're carrying along Are likely to be even looked after so that will take care of Badele's category so If there is something which is not been uploaded for a while, it doesn't have that many users I wish to also note that popcorn Is not universally reliable I have a whole bunch of machines that I use at work where we do not allow popcorn company policy. I know it's stupid, but That is reality people might not allow popcorn requests to go out So we can't just say that there is no popcorn. Therefore, it is not useful in a whole lot of situations So if we know that the maintainer is not MIA, maybe we don't need to Have a look at throwing these packages out I also have this problem with the useless package issue The thing is that no removal should be done automatically. There should always be a contact to the maintainer. So the maintainer even if it's a Package that needs low maintenance can always reply and tell the people This package is still used and works and has no bugs so No package even if it's as low maintained as your package Should get removed yeah it is true that The MIA status of the maintainer would be a useful metric to add It's probably a bit difficult because at the moment we it is not Openly available due to privacy concerns. So it might be Maybe it's possible to just Yeah, export A value a numeric value or something or a metric on its own from there without exposing all the the mails and Status reports that are in the MIA database So that would be the the technical solution would be have would be have to be decided But It is not true that if a maintainer is active and has Packages that are in very good shape and that he maintains actively that That's no reason to offer Other packages of him there are some there are maintainers that Care about only a subset of the packages that they maintain according to packages by and that Don't offer nor even RFA packages that they don't care anymore They just don't upload them anymore. So it's It's also one point of the metric, but You still need to have a look at the package level 2 Yeah, the other problem with using MIA is that if a maintainer has only two or three packages Is unlikely to have been reported to MIA So we won't know is MIA well is and his package Might be might be neglected But everybody is actually in the echelon part of the database Well, the problem is that the MIA status is Well, if you use a metric based on the last activity Then you will see it if you use just the status of the maintainer in the MIA database that is Busy pinged or I don't remember because I'm not really familiar with MIA, but The status of So the state in until which it was the maintainer was processed by the MIA team Then you want to see those maintainer if you use the last activity then it works Yeah So I would think that the MIA database would be a super set of Number of uploads the maintainer has done because every upload Would probably end up in the MIA database, right? I don't know. I've never seen what's in there I can show you your records A couple of comments from peter ronhotson on irc He's saying That maintainers active elsewhere in the debian project do not mean that their packages are cared for You know They can often be Inactive on one package and active on another And he's also saying He's seen several examples of people being active on the lists or other parts of the project But just ignoring several of their packages which are rotting in the archive I'm probably guilty of that myself And Yeah, that's That's Petters comments. Anyway, thanks Anyway, we have to take MIA into account, but it's not the same as for the last upload You can't use only that you have to use that together with the rest of the data Sorry Which problem are we discussing at the moment actually? I don't really see the point Yeah, I think that the problem is to find packages that Are in the archive and that shouldn't be there And to act on that Well, can't you just make often packages not being in testing the target and Well, and be done with discussion Well, it's a problem At the next point If that point doesn't interest you, you can always sleep or something But that's Anyway, the current topic of the discussion. Yeah, no, the problem is that A package is a tag in the archive and that clearly shouldn't be there Just add noise to a lot of things for example to All the qa tasks that run over all the archive Uh, after analyze those package To sort of file bugs and package package that are anyway not interesting Also currently the release team as a policy that is unstable. There shouldn't be anything which is not meant to to be released But okay in addition to that I was trying to move the discussion to the point of which I think is the most The most tricky one in in that part, which is where to put the packages which are removed so that we can Easily restock them When we say that there are a lot of packages in the archive, there's no controversy over that When we say that having a lot of packages in the archive causes Certain things to take more processing time than if there were fewer packages. There's no controversy over that The moment we start talking about, you know The relative value of the different packages. This is where we run into a controversy And I think the challenge that I've always felt around this particular topic is that It is a combination of a case where it's very difficult to come up with an objective criteria End a situation where we are in some sense sort of messing with one of the basic Really very fundamental social characteristics of the debian project for a very long time Which is if there's someone who cares enough to work on something and to contribute it that we would like to have it We would like to have them and their participation and to grow the debian community and its spirit and so forth And so I think it's very very important for us to to try and come up with some sort of objective criteria if we're going to You know change the generally inclusive model of debian For both, you know human participants and packages in the archive And I think we have to be very careful not to be too simplistic about what that objective criteria is because as we've all demonstrated In this conversation, there are you know for every rule that you try to write There's some counter example that says well, here's a case where that's not true So I I I'm not trying to discourage anyone from thinking about this But I would discourage anyone from trying to believe that this is a short term You know something that we can fix quickly with a couple of conversations because I think when we start talking about Changing the rules for sort of acceptance and inclusion of packages in the archive and adding Sort of non package structuring technical or or you know bug related criteria to it That this is this is a very fundamental and deep change in the in the project not a small policy change Sorry that was my way of thinking that I totally agree with what we did Basically Removing a package can be I mean difficult that's everybody agrees maybe just having something which is not really completely qa but I Advertising in some way that some package Debian likes and some package to be unconsidered at some stage he might remove I'll take an example. It's not maybe that's the best one. We have two tftp servers Which as far as I understand have the same code, but one of them have more patches And those patches have been in the BNC's ever and Maybe one of those two could be removed and In some way if some A group of people were just saying okay, we analyze those kind of thing and We just discuss about it and advertise somewhere that One of those two package could be removed at some stage or Traditionally the way this has been done is you go and talk to the guys who are maintaining it and Have them voluntarily say that okay, I'll withdraw mine or Or this one doesn't belong I think I would much rather have that where people themselves Realize that their contributions might not be as useful to the BN or detrimental to the BN rather than trying to impose By a bunch of guys, you know in power to say that your contribution should be thrown out I wasn't talking about being having someone and poor work to say just saying okay, we have those two package They have achieved the same functionality And just all together with the users especially Oh, it's also pretend to be those users and Just Yes, having really the users and their package maintenance And tracking this issue and Just to know if it's possible to remove those two and to Say okay, we prefer this one and this one seems less used And maybe keep it for one release and then just remove it Agree on is that we can't agree on a definition of useless packages because it's just too wide And we are running out of time and should probably go on with something more useless for this time Useful for this time Um, I wanted just to say um I mean debian had in the past defined the way for do for To uh Say for a package that is it that it is duplication because we have the extra Priority but It is not consistently used but something like Uh, I mean that would should should be something. Uh, someone who's interested in that might be looking into Um, so for example, uh reviving the extra priority or Yeah That might be an idea or adding even a lower priority in the archive But um as said before If you Yeah, no that was my point. Can you scroll up a little bit? Lucas scroll up a little bit Um The last word to those proposes you have there the separate section or component for unsupported packages I don't think that this will ever be supported at fdp master For reasons you already mentioned And does someone want to comment on something else? It was in this list We have five minutes left. So Does someone want to comment on anything? Um, so I was I was talking last time when we were During the first qa talk about new possibilities for udd And some ideas which I mentioned So just so they don't get lost It's keeping all the files Of every package the metadata in the udd. So for example, you can detect Cases when a file introduces when the file has a When the package has a file in it, which is already present in another package So that you don't upload the package and after that when the user tries to install it they get the famous error That it tries to override a file from another package That's you want the list of file for each package? I think I think it would be reasonable to like it's not it's not that a lot of information. Is it Well, it is Well, it's not gigabytes, right It is it is We are currently planning a redesign for the duck database and that includes keeping everything we need for packages and for contents in the database It's not that hard to keep it all so So other things where the detection of people building packages against Library versions, which are not currently an unstable for example So udd could contain the list of Libraries, which are currently unstable enough to you ran your After you generated dependencies for your package a lintian check could be made Which would warn if you for example link to a library, which is not currently present in unstable. No, it couldn't Why not? lintian doesn't support external dependencies in it checks Well, it should That's part I I mean the the whole idea of Using udd to introduce new methods is that lintian would optionally support queering udd for data and then using dynamic checks Yeah, it is correct that we need a tool to do that I'm not sure if lintian is the correct place to add it But yeah, we certainly need a tool that the maintainer can run on this local machine and that will fetch all the necessary information In the past we always Did reject the idea to add that to lintian so that lintian would be a static checker that would always result in this Almost always result in the same results if you run it on the same package and the same lintian version um I don't know if we should add that functionality to lintian or write a wrapper around lintian and some other thing like For example, these conflicts check Was mentioned in the mancosi presentation So they have a tool for that Because for example the conflicts check is not simple it needs to It needs to check It is simple in most cases because you can just say that there is no package that conflicts But if you have a probable Conflict you still need to actually download the other package and investigate it because Some things can't automatically Determine like the words Stuff I have a technical objection to doing that check For example when a new version of s c linux comes out The first thing that I built are four new libraries libx linux libxcpaul and so on at the same time if I upload these new libraries. I also need to upload Packages that will work with them check policy and policy loading tools. So what I do is I Set up the dependencies correctly. I have a local pool I build all my packages install it in my local building and then I send it out So at the point I do the upload For These libraries do not exist in the archive yet But what's the point in having a useless Report which is going to be ignored most of the time anyway. I mean lindia needs to be Producing warnings which are relevant so that we don't start just ignoring warnings And miss something which is real in the meanwhile and some of I mean some of these problems are probably better solved on the fdp master level anyway Like the plan to maybe in the future Just rebuild any everything anyway so that your So that only checks against the Build dependencies would make sense anyway. I mean, but Yeah, okay. So I'm sorry. We are Finished Um, is there someone that thinks that we should have a third q-wave off or are we done? You are allowed to say so Okay, cool

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Vishal Kumat | Sonobuzz Virtual Workshops | USG guided FNAC

Come back to www.indianradiologist.live/sono once BOTH WORKSHOPS END. DR VISHAL WILL ANSWER QUESTIONS THERE. This video is brought to you by IndianRadiologist - www.indianradiologist.com Our Next Event is SONOBUZZ VIRTUAL - a dynamic 3D virtual event Live on www.indianradiologist.live from Jan 3-10, 2021, featuring Marilyn Siegel, Tom Stavros, Carlo Martinoli, Sheila Sheth, and National Faculty from India - Alpana Joshi, Ashok Khurana, BS Ramamurthy, Chaitali Parekh, Ankit Shah, Chander Lulla, Chaitali Parekh, Nitin Chaubal, S Boopathy, S Pradeep and more. Catch the program details & you can pay & register here: https://pages.razorpay.com/pl_FQG4n03JFzCmiD/view THIS PAYMENT LINK IS ACTIVE FOR ALL VIEWERS, BOTH IN INDIA & ABROAD _________________________________________________________________________ Follow us on Social Media for Event info, New videos, Free Classifieds Information on Jobs & Machines, Unusual & Rare Radiology Images, New Product Reviews & More YOUTUBE: Subscribe & Click on the Bell Icon for notifications: https://www.youtube.com/indianradiologist?sub_confirmation=1 FACEBOOK: https://www.facebook.com/groups/indianradiologist/ YOUTUBE: https://www.youtube.com/indianradiologist INSTAGRAM: https://www.instagram.com/Indianradiologist Quick learning videos on Radiology for UG and Residents in Radiology. Subscribe to Indian Radiologist and get free Radiology teaching videos from experts in the field of Radiology.

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My name is Dr. Vishal Kumar. I hail from Nasek. This is my peripheral center at Jagatpuri. My expertise are ultrasound and guided injections. Today I will be speaking on ultrasound guided FNA and its uses and how it is performed. Thank you. Now we just see what are the instruments which we require for an FNA. Here we can see there is a needle and a syringe. Syringe is fiamol. Needle is specifically 23 or 24 gauge. In this case this is a 23 gauge needle and one and a half inch in size. Okay. Inches we don't cut. Indians are not used to inches. So it's around 3.8 centimeters. So it's a 23 gauge 3.8 around 4 centimeters in length. Okay. So you know where you can take this needle for a lesion FNA. These are glass slides where we will take the sample of the FNA and smear upon it. This is alcohol based solution. Basically it is a cytospray which is used to stain the slides and make them alcohol dry. This is again a lignokine jelly solution which I use as an apposition for my probes so that I can see the lesion properly. This is a bandaid. These are some gauze pieces. This is a very important aspect of an FNA. This is a slide holding or a coupling jar where we transport the slides from the site where we do the FNA to the histopathology lab. The first case is a very interesting case. This is a case of male breast which is enlarged. And on ultrasound the working diagnosis was generating mastitis. You can easily see this hypoechoic area in the region of subarular part of the nipple and multiple tentacles going away from this area. So I think this most likely is male gynecomastia. I was requested by the gynecologist to just get an FNA to confirm what it is. Now we are going to do an FNA for this male gynecomastia that is dendritic mastitis lesion. Okay. I am going to enter the lesion from the medial aspect of the subarular region. Okay. I am just entering. One more thing I want to tell. I am not using any local anesthesia. I am directly doing the FNA just to avoid two needles. So only one needle I will be using. What I am doing is smearing whatever material I have collected in the needle onto the slides. And with the help of this another slide just 180 degrees. Smear it off. Smear it. Smear it like this. Okay. Spraying this with the Algon solution. Let us take it. So this is case 4, second FNAC and the last of what the interventions we are going to do today. This is a young girl who has a large three and a half centimeter lymph node just next to the left submandibular gland. Okay. What are the clinching points? There are multiple calcific densities within the node. So chances of it being infective like cox are pretty high. But it is very much stuck to the left submandibular. So we need to get a good window to do an FNA from the most important part of the node so that we get a good cytological yield. I think we will do this FNA again because we have not got too much material. Okay. We did this. We have run the FNA for this girl before but we could not get good diagnostic material. Okay. In such cases the node might be a little solid tightly packed. So what do we do? We can put some aspiration method, put some back pressure in the syringe so that cells get accumulated in the needle. Okay. We will do that. Hello Naka. Is it done? Hello Naka. Putting some back pressure on the syringe so that I can get some more material than what I did last day. Okay. The slide is ready. Putting it into the copling jar, packing it off and this will directly go to the cytological treatment.

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Post Graduate Research Student Award - Joe McNeil

Research Student Joe McNeil from the School of Physical Sciences in the Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics scooped the Postgraduate Researcher (PGR) Award. The prize celebrates a PGR's outstanding contribution to research, the University and the academic community. Research at The Open University http://www.open.ac.uk/research

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Mae gweithio am ymdweud eich myndeid yw'r amser o'i maes yw eu cyllidebau ar y gwaith yn ymddangos o'r ystod y pethau a ddwy'r ysgrifennu yng nghylch o'r ysgol. Roeddwn i'r ysgrifennu o'r ysgrifennu o'r ysgrifennu o'r oxyde planum, a hynny'n ymdweud y cyllidebau ar y rofynau XOMAS, ac mae'r rofynau yn roi'n wneud yw'r angenol, ac mae'r rofynau o'r cyllidebau o'r byw wedi'n cyllidebau o'r cyllidebau ar y rofynau.

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First Minister's Questions - 28 June 2018

At 12 noon First Minister Nicola Sturgeon MSP took questions from party leaders and other MSPs in the Chamber. 1. Ruth Davidson: Question to be taken in Chamber. 2. Richard Leonard: Question to be taken in Chamber. 3. Patrick Harvie: Question to be taken in Chamber. 4. Willie Rennie: Question to be taken in Chamber. 5. Richard Lochhead: To ask the First Minister what assessment the Scottish Government has made of the potential impact on Scotland of a trade war between the United States and Europe following the recent imposition of new tariffs. 6. Edward Mountain: To ask the First Minister what action the Scottish Government is taking regarding Scottish Canals' financial situation. Published by the Scottish Parliament Corporate Body. www.parliament.scot // We do not facilitate discussions on our YouTube page but encourage you to share and comment on our videos on your own channels. // If you would like to join in our conversations please follow @ScotParl on Twitter or like us on Facebook at www.facebook.com/scottishparliament

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R murder in the Ayrshire village of Drongan on the 14th November 2008. She was 17 years old. Her killer, John Wilson, having lain in wait for Michelle, snapped her 10 times and was sentenced to life. The judge made clear that he should serve 12 years before he could apply for parole. On Saturday, just nine years later, Michelle's sister, Lisa, received this letter from the for parole. On Saturday, just nine years later, Michelle's sister Lisa received this letter from the Scottish Prison Service. It informed her that Wilson has now been approved for first grant of temporary release. Temporary release includes release for work etc, for home leave, for short leave, for pre-release leave and for unescorted day leave. If the First Minister were in this family's shoes, what would she think of receiving that letter? First Minister, if I was in the shoes of the family and let me take the opportunity today to convey my deepest condolences to the family, if I was in the shoes of that family, I would be very upset to receive that letter as I think every family would. We have independent processes in place, both in terms of determining the guilt or otherwise of individuals accused of crime and independent processes in place to determine sentences. We also have, as Ruth Davidson is aware, independent processes in place to determine whether prisoners should be eligible for parole or other forms of release. I will certainly look closely at the individual case that Ruth Davidson has raised today. As I say, those decisions are taken independently, but from a policy perspective—this is a point that I have made previously in the chamber—where we consider that there are changes required, we will not hesitate to make those changes. However, it is important that our justice system operates independently of ministers in individual cases. I believe that members across the chamber agree with that. John Wilson was given a life sentence for murdering Michelle, but he will not serve life in prison. He will not even remain behind bars for the 12-year minimum that was recommended. He has been approved to be released unescorted back into the community in a little under 100 months. We spoke to Michelle's family this week, and Kenny Michelle's father said this. This was a premeditated murder. Why is he being considered for temporary release now, when the judge said that he should serve at least 12 years? How does this send the right message about Scottish justice? How is this a deterrent? When families like those of Michelle Stewart say that they feel completely let down by the justice system, can the First Minister understand why? The First Minister I do not know the particulars of this case, which is why I said in my first answer that I will look carefully at the details of this particular case. In terms of parole—and I am not sure that it is a case of parole from what Ruth Davidson has said—prisoners require to serve a certain proportion of their sentence before they can apply for parole, temporary release is part of the rehabilitation process. Those are decisions that are taken very carefully by the Scottish Prison Service. Risk assessments are made, and that will have happened, I am sure, in this case. None of that, of course, takes away from the upsets that any family will feel who have gone through the trauma of what this family has gone through when they are faced with the person found guilty being released, even if that is part of a rehabilitation process. As we have discussed in the chamber before, Ruth Davidson and I, it is important that we have processes in place that help with the rehabilitation of prisoners, but it is also important that we get individual decisions right—the prison service and the parole board get individual decisions right. As I have said twice, I am not familiar with the details of the case and why those decisions have been taken, but I will give Ruth Davidson an undertaking today that I will look into the particulars and the detail, and I would be happy to correspond with her in greater detail when I have had the opportunity to do so. Ruth Davidson The First Minister is right that this is a specific case, but the reason for raising a specific case is this. It is because the sense of injustice that is felt by Michelle's family is not an isolated example. It is felt by grieving families right across Scotland. The family of Craig McClelland, killed by a convicted criminal who had been illegally at liberty for six months after breaching his licence. The family of Moira Gilbertson, murdered by her ex-partner who was allowed to walk free despite having beaten her up following his release for a previous murder. Like the family of Linda MacDonald, brutally attacked last year by Robbie Macintosh just days after he had been released on home leave following a previous conviction for murder. We keep being told that criminals have rights that need to be respected, but who in the Scottish Government is standing up for victims' rights? What reforms are being delivered now to correct those injustices? First, some of the individual cases that Ruth Davidson has cited there relate to home detention curfew. It is the case that home detention curfew is used only for a very, very small proportion of the prison population and careful assessments are made. When things happen that all of us regret, lessons are learned. The former Justice Secretary established reviews to be undertaken by Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Constabulary and Her Majesty's Inspectorate of Prisons to make sure that we are learning those lessons. At the heart of that, I appreciate and accept that there are general principles at stake here. One of those principles is how we ensure that we are doing everything possible to rehabilitate those who have committed crimes. That is in the interests of victims of crime and in the interests of society overall. Ruth Davidson said that, as I have said previously, none of what I say in the general sense here is intended in any way to take away from the experiences of individual families in individual cases. Generally, Ruth Davidson tries to suggest that somehow the justice system in Scotland is loaded in favour of those who commit crimes and not victims. I do not accept generally that that is the case. We have one of the highest prison populations in the whole of Western Europe. One of the reasons for the reforms that we are undertaking is that we know for many prisoners—I am not talking about the specific cases right now—but for many prisoners, prison is not the most effective form of sentence, so it is right that people are punished appropriately. I absolutely agree with Ruth Davidson about that. It is absolutely right that the interests of victims are at the centre of our justice system, but we also owe it to victims and society to make sure that we have a justice system that also effectively rehabilitates those who are capable of rehabilitation. Those are never easy balances to get right. However, as Ruth Davidson has acknowledged, as her colleagues south of the border frequently acknowledge, it is important that we continue to make sure that we take all of those factors into account in our justice system, and we will continue to do so. Ruth Davidson The First Minister reshuffled her cabinet this week, so we have a new justice secretary in place, and here is what we need from him. We had a written branch review of the way that the justice system is operating. We had greater transparency on sentencing, so people like the Stuart family are told honestly what is going to happen when someone is convicted. We had victims to have a right to speak at parole hearings, which currently they are denied, and when so many offenders are committing crimes while out on parole or home release, we need to rebalance the system in favour of the law-abiding public. We all want to have confidence in the justice system, so is it not time that the Scottish Government ordered that review so that confidence can be restored? The First Minister First Minister, before I address the substance of Ruth Davidson's question, can I say that I would be very happy to ask the new justice secretary, assuming that Parliament approves that appointment shortly, to offer to meet with the Stuart family, to hear directly from them about their experiences. I can also say that, in terms of some of the substance of Ruth Davidson's question, she talks about the process of parole decisions. As I have said in the chamber before, discussions are already under way with the Parole Board for Scotland on further reforms and possible development of the rules of procedure that they operate by. That review will include whether any changes should be made following the UK review of the Warboys case. We are absolutely committed to ensuring that the parole process is as open and as transparent as possible. Of course, it must operate independently of ministers, and I hope that everybody would agree with that. In terms of wider review, there are, as I mentioned earlier, two reviews already under way after a previous case that Ruth Davidson has mentioned. I think that it is right that we take time to hear the conclusions of those before considering whether other action is required. However, we will continue to make sure that we have a justice system that reflects the needs and interests of victims, assists us in helping to reduce crime, but also allows us where it is possible to do to aid the rehabilitation of prisoners, because that is in everybody's interests at the end of the day. Presiding Officer, yesterday, the signatures of over 25,000 people demanding that this Government values education and values our teachers were delivered to the Government. First Minister, if education really was the driving and defining mission of this Government, the EIS would not have to send this message to the Deputy First Minister, would they? Of course, there is a pay negotiating process in place for education. The negotiations for the next pay award are already under way. The body that takes that forward in education comprises COSLA, the Scottish Government and the teaching unions. As a trade unionist, I would have thought that Richard Leonard would support the negotiating process that we have in place. I understand that those negotiations are making good progress. I hope that they will conclude well soon. Of course, the final thing that I would say is that it was this Government, the Scottish Government ahead of the UK Government, ahead of the Labour Welsh Government, that lifted the 1 per cent pay gap. Of course, I was very proud this week that it was this Government that put forward proposals for a 9 per cent pay increase over the next three years for those working in our national health service. That Government's record is good, and we will continue to take the decisions that are in the interests of our public service workers. The First Minister has repeatedly told us that education was her top priority. Yet, for two years, the Government has wasted time on an education bill that its own international advisers have warned is unnecessary and misguided. This week, John Swinney finally got the message, and he can spin all he likes, that ditching the bill is fast-tracking the reform, but nobody believes it. What is also clear is that John Swinney's education is now reaping what he sowed at finance. Less than three weeks ago, he told the SNP conference that we were witnessing, and I quote him, a renaissance in Scottish education. First Minister, a renaissance of what? Rising class sizes, flagship legislation shelved, or overworked, underpaid and demoralised teachers preparing to ballot for industrial action. Richard Leonard says that nobody believes that our education reforms are being fast-tracked and accelerated. I hate to be the one to break it to Richard Leonard, but the Labour members on COSLA believe that, because every single party that is represented on COSLA signed up to that agreement. The fact is that those reforms are being fast-tracked. The agreement means that the implementation of the reforms will start now, instead of having to wait 18 months for the passage of legislation. Crucially, the agreement will see the new head teachers charter begin to be implemented this year. I suspect that the reason Richard Leonard and his colleagues are so upset about this is because they have been denied the opportunity to play politics with education during the passage of this bill, to frustrate and undermine the reforms, while instead, this Government is getting on with the job. Budgets in education are rising, more money going to head teachers, important reforms being implemented more quickly and the attainment gap starting to close, so we will get on with the job and we will leave Labour, as usual, carping from the sidelines. Richard Leonard. Presiding Officer, the two main themes of this final week of term have been the Government's record on education and the politicians who Nicola Sturgeon chooses to serve in her government. Gillian Martin described transgender people as, I quote, hairy-knuckled, lipstick-wearing, transitional transgender ladies. She also claimed that college PR staff, I quote, froth at the mouth with excitement if anyone in a wheelchair does anything that can be remotely described as an achievement. Minutes ago, Gillian Martin's name was removed from the list of new ministers, but the point is this, the First Minister knew about these comments and yet still proposed to put Gillian Martin in charge of further and higher education. In the end, this is not just about the judgment of Gillian Martin, First Minister, this is about your judgment, isn't it? The First Minister. Well, after FMQs, we will come on to the issue of ministerial appointments and I will address that issue directly at that stage. Richard Leonard opened his question by talking about the themes of this week. Let me just give him a flavour of the themes of this week from the perspective of the Scottish Government. NHS Scotland staff, a 9 per cent pay rise, £28 million being invested to lift people out of homelessness, a new target for fuel poverty, increased funding for university research and innovation. Those are the things that this Government has been working on, because those are the things that demonstrate day in and day out that this Government is focused on getting on with the job of building a better Scotland. We have a number of constituency supplementaries. The first one is Sandra White. Thank you very much, Presiding Officer. First Minister, I have met with local residents and businesses who have been very affected by the recent fires in Suckey Hall Street, School of Art and Victoria nightclubs. They have raised really concerning issues, and most of their concerns are not just individual issues but issues about the future of Suckey Hall Street, which is a much-loved and great area in the city of Glasgow. Can I ask the First Minister what assistance the Scottish Government can provide to support those affected and to ensure that Suckey Hall Street does indeed have a future? I am of course aware that the fire at the School of Art has had an enormous impact on businesses and households across the city. That is why we have been working very closely with Glasgow City Council to offer support to those affected. I can tell the chamber that, later this afternoon, the finance secretary will set out details of a new hardship and relief fund for residents who have been displaced from their homes. The Scottish Government will make £1,500 available to each household, which will be matched and funded by the council to make a total of £3,000 for each household. In addition, we will confirm increases in support for affected businesses, increasing the amount that the Scottish Government contributes towards business rates from 75 per cent to 95 per cent. In terms of people affected by the fire at Victoria's nightclub, many will also have been impacted by the art school fire and will be eligible for the support that we are announcing today. We do, of course, stand ready to continue to discuss with the council what more we can do to support them and everybody affected by this tragic fire. Mike Rumbles The latest figures just released show that, in the Grampian health board area, nearly 25 per cent of patients urgently referred with the suspicion of cancer failed to receive their first treatment within two months. That is the worst rate in Scotland. The First Minister knows that NHS Grampian has lost out on £165 million under her own NRAC formula over the last nine years. Will she take action to ensure that Grampian NHS now has the resources that are available to other health boards and every other health board to tackle this crisis in cancer care in the north-east? The First Minister Of course, under this Government, as a result of the introduction of the NRAC formula, which replaced the Arbuthnut formula, health boards who are under parity have been taken closer to parity than has ever been the case before. That is the action that has been taken by this Government that was not taken by previous Governments that the Liberal Democrats were members of. In terms of cancer waiting times, the figures out this week show that we have work to do with boards, including Grampian, to improve cancer waiting times. In terms of the 62-day waiting time target, that is from referral to treatment. The median weight across Scotland is 43 days. We have seen an increase in the number of patients over the last year treated within that target. The number of patients treated within it has gone up by more than 7 per cent, but we continue to work closely with boards, including Grampian health board, to make sure that we can see further improvements as quickly as possible. I know that that will be a key priority for the new health secretary. In April 2013, Nicola Sturgeon visited Stenrair to chair the meeting of a task force set up to regenerate the area after ferry operator Stenna moved to nearby Cairnryan. Despite the Scottish Government promising the people of Stenrair that it was committed to the regeneration of the town, it is almost seven years since the ferries left. Stenrair has been badly let down. The expansion of the existing marina is key to stimulating local regeneration, and it is a shovel-ready project. Can the First Minister give a commitment to the people of Stenrair that she will do everything that she can to ensure that required financial resources are made available to progress this project sooner rather than later? We work with local councils, including the council covering Stenrair, around regeneration, and have done that every year that this Government has been in office. The new Cabinet Secretary for Transport and Infrastructure will be happy to have discussions with the council about what more we can do. Of course, in terms of the south of Scotland, we have already announced and are taking forward plans for a new south of Scotland enterprise agency. The interim arrangements have been backed by £10 million of additional funding, and that is about making sure that the actions are taken to support regeneration and business activity. That is a really positive development and one that I hope the member would welcome. I believe that when Opposition parties criticise the Government for a course of action and the Government then ends that course of action, we should welcome it. I am pleased to see that the education bill has been dumped for the time being at least. We will continue to criticise the proposals that were in it, because those proposals were not only criticised by those who instinctively attack the Government for everything or who play party politics. They were criticised across the political spectrum. They were criticised by teachers, parents, academics and others. Don't those people, most particularly teachers and pupils, have a right to be told now that that represents not just the ending of one bill but a change of direction and a commitment to resource our education system properly, to make teaching the attractive profession that it needs to be again, and that will take money, not just the scrapping of one bill. First Minister. Firstly, as I said in response to Richard Leonard, we are committed to taking forward the reforms that we have embarked upon. As a result of the Deputy First Minister's statement earlier this week, those reforms will be fast tracked and accelerated. I think that that is in the interests of pupils, teachers and parents across the country. Investment in education is increasing, including the amount of money that is going direct to head teachers, to empower head teachers and to allow them to invest resources in ways that help to close the attainment gap. We are also seeing greater investment in the teaching profession. As I said earlier, negotiations continue about a pay settlement. Why is all important and why it is important that we do not follow the advice of Patrick Harvie and others, but instead continue to take forward those changes is because they are already leading to improvements. We are seeing record numbers of young people in positive destinations. We are seeing a record percentage of young people getting five hires. We are seeing the attainment gap in our schools continue to close. We are seeing improvements around literacy and numeracy, and we are seeing access to university and higher education more generally widen. Those are important outcomes and it is important that we continue the action that will see those improvements continue and gather pace. Patrick Harvie. We will continue to make the case that the Scottish Government should not be forcing through structural changes as opposed to resourcing changes for which they do not have a majority in Parliament, but I would like to end the session with a positive proposal in education, something that the Government should be doing instead of just something that we think it should not be doing. That is the third anniversary of the TIE campaign, time for inclusive education, looking for an education system that meets the needs of Scotland's lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex young people. A campaign that has political support from across the spectrum and I am pleased to see so many MSPs wearing the TIE campaign's rainbow tie in the chamber today. Can we have a commitment from the Government that we will not let the fourth anniversary of that campaign pass without making the goal of truly LGBTI inclusive education a reality in Scotland's schools? First Minister. Firstly, I am very proud to wear the TIE badge today and would want to take this opportunity to congratulate the TIE campaign on its third anniversary. A campaign mainly driven by young people, which I think is an inspiration to young people everywhere across Scotland, showing the power of their voices to make positive and progressive change and I, as I am sure all MSPs would do today, pay tribute to them for their positive example. As Patrick Harvie knows, the Scottish Government is working with TIE to, and I am quoting, promote an inclusive approach to sex and relationships education. This work has been done through the LGBTI inclusive education working group. That working group is chaired by the Association of Directors of Education. It includes representation from the Scottish Transgender Alliance, LGBT Youth Scotland and Stonewall Scotland, and recommendations from the working group are expected in autumn of this year. At that point, I am sure that everybody across the chamber will have an interest. I know that the Government and me as First Minister will have an interest in making sure that those recommendations are implemented as quickly as possible. A GP shortage threatening out-of-hours services from east coast to west, mental health waiting times, skyrocketing, the worst cancer waiting times in six years, A and E waiting times missed months on end, and operations cancelled because surgical equipment is not being sterilised for use. With a multi-million pound shortfall in health board budgets, the BMA says that NHS Scotland is getting worse, letting down patients and letting down staff. So, while the First Minister has replaced her health secretary, can she also now tell us what new policies that health secretary will now pursue to clean up this mess? For weeks, Willie Rennie has been standing up saying that the health secretary has to change. Now that the health secretary has changed, he stands up. It is not the health secretary, it is the policies that have to change. Consistency has never been a particular strong point of Willie Rennie. We will continue to invest record sums in the national health service, we will continue to employ record numbers of staff in the national health service, we will continue to make sure that we are rewarding them for the work that they do, and we will continue to take forward the reforms at the integration of health and social care, transferring more care into the community, shifting the balance of care that we know is so important to the future of our NHS. We are investing more in additional training places right across the spectrum of health service employees, so we will continue with that important work of investment and reform. It is that work that is delivering and will continue to deliver for patients, which is why there is still such high patient satisfaction with our precious NHS in this country. Willie Rennie The First Minister needs to know that it is the policy and the leadership of the NHS that counts. I am not hearing a commitment to change from the First Minister. That is perhaps why her own survey shows that people judge her performance on the NHS as getting worse. If there is a crisis in the NHS, there is another in Scottish education. Nursery education roll-out that is driving childminders and nurseries out of business. Five-year-olds have been made to sit utterly pointless tests. A college sector hollowed out and now the shambles of a cancelled education bill. Scottish education used to be the best in the world. Now it is just average, letting down teachers, letting down pupils. Given that her own growth commission says that the NHS and education would face years of added cuts, can she honestly say that? Can she honestly look Scotland in the eye and say that now is the time to hit the independence red button? I do not think that Willie Rennie does himself any credit with that ridiculous hyperbole of a rambling, incoherent question. This is the Government that has already increased childcare and is now working to double childcare for families and children right across the country. This is a Government that is overseeing right now a narrowing of the attainment gap, with record higher passes for our young people, more of our young people than ever before going into positive destinations after school. We saw in an Audit Scotland report about colleges just last week that this Government has not just met its target in places at colleges. We have exceeded the target in terms of the number of young places at colleges, so, despite and contrary to the ridiculous assertions of Willie Rennie, this is a Government getting on with the job of improving education in early years, in school education, in colleges and in universities, and that is exactly what we are going to continue to do. Some further supplementary is the first from John Scott. Thank you, Presiding Officer, and I declare an interest as a farmer. First Minister will be aware that stocks of carbon dioxide are dwindling across Europe with several manufacturing plants not producing carbon dioxide for a variety of reasons, leading to difficulties in Scotland's food and drink sector, leading to the closure of abattoirs as well as reducing manufacturing capacity in our drink sector at a peak time of demand. First Minister, are there interim measures that the Scottish Government can take to help those businesses facing very real difficulties until normal production is restored? If there are, perhaps the First Minister could provide the food and drink sector and other vital industries of which she will be aware with the detailed reassurances that they require. First Minister? Those are issues that the rural economy secretary is very closely engaged in supporting. Our businesses are farmers, those in our food and drink sector across the country, and he will be happy to write to John Scott setting out in more detail the actions that we are taking and can continue to take. However, I would say that our food and drink sector is one of the most successful sectors of our economy, partly because of the support that this Government has given over an extended period of time, and we will continue to do that. Of course, one of the biggest risks—and the Tories will not like what I am about to say here—is the barriers to exports and to trade that comes from Brexit. Perhaps John Scott, as well as rightly raising the issues with the Scottish Government, could raise his voice with his UK Government colleagues and demand that they take action to give the certainty around trade that our food and drink sector, our agriculture sector and every sector of our economy so badly needs. Gail Ross Thank you, Presiding Officer. I remind the chamber of my PLO role to the First Minister. DWP figures released this morning show thousands of families in Scotland hit by the Tories' two-child cap. Of those, 190 women were granted exemption under the rape clause, 10 of those in Scotland. Does the First Minister agree that no woman, not a single one, should have to relive the terrible experience of rape just to get the benefits to which they are entitled and that it is time to scrap the cap? The First Minister Those statistics are really horrifying. The chamber has debated the rape clause on several occasions in the past. Although it has always been moving and many people are very distressed by those discussions, it has always been a guess debating it in the abstract. Today, we see evidence for the first time of the real-life impact of the two-child cap and the rape clause on real women, 190 across the UK and 10 in Scotland. Those are women who are having to disclose the fact that they have been raped and that that rape led to the conception of their child in order to access state support for that child. I think that that is horrifying. I think that it is grotesque. I think that it is a stain on the reputation of the Conservatives and the Conservative Government at Westminster. The sooner we get rid of the two-child cap and the rape clause, the better. Let me say, as First Minister, that we will never ever, as long as I am First Minister, be such policies in Scotland. Liam Kerr Thank you, Presiding Officer. On 6 July, families, friends and industry representatives will gather at the Piper Alpha memorial garden in Aberdeen to remember the 167 men who lost their lives in the Piper Alpha disaster 30 years ago that day. The tragic events of that night are long past, but for so many across the north-east and beyond, the pain, the loss, the suffering will never fade. Does the First Minister agree with me that we must never forget those who lost their lives, nor the family members and friends affected and that we must ensure that the highest possible standards of safety are maintained offshore to protect those who make their living on and around the rigs? I agree wholeheartedly with the member and thank him for raising the issue in the chamber today. I think that many of us across the chamber vividly remember the Piper Alpha tragedy and the impact that it had, not just in the north-east of Scotland, although most importantly in the north-east of Scotland but on everybody right across our country. First, yes, it is important that those affected, those who lost their lives, the families and friends of those who lost their lives remain very much in our thoughts at this particular time. Secondly, and importantly for the future, safety in the north-east is something that is never ever compromised on. Over the past three years or so, during the tough times that the oil and gas sector has had, I have had many discussions with companies and interests in the north-east and safety has always been at the heart of those discussions, and that is how it must always be. Over the next few weeks, I know that all of us across the chamber will be thinking of all of those affected by the tragedy of Piper Alpha. Richard Lochhead, what assessment the Scottish Government has made of the potential impact on Scotland of a trade war between the United States and Europe following the recent imposition of new tariffs? First, we are very concerned that the US decision to impose tariffs on steel and aluminium and the subsequent EU decision to impose tariffs on a range of US products will escalate into a full-blown trade war. That will affect Scottish producers and the Scottish economy. The United States is Scotland's largest international export market, worth £4.8 billion in 2016. The imposition of tariffs on bourbon and related spirits, in particular, increases the risk of US measures on Scotch whisky. That could have a significant impact on an industry that provides around 10,000 full-time equivalent jobs in Scotland and, of course, a similar number in the wider supply chain. Richard Lochhead, I thank the First Minister for her answer and welcome the fact that she shares my concern that the potential impact of a trade war is compounded by Europe's decision to impose tariffs on American whisky and bourbon in response to Donald Trump's decision to impose tariffs on aluminium and steel, given that the US is the Scotch whisky sector's most successful global market, worth £900 million in 2017 alone. Does the First Minister share my disappointment that it appears that the UK Government did not formally object to the decision by the EU to add American whisky and bourbon to the list of tariffs? Will she make representations to the UK ministers and also the EU authorities to ensure that we can minimise any potential impact on the Scotch whisky sector? Will she please closely monitor the situation in times ahead? The Scottish Government will be very closely monitoring the situation, such as its seriousness for the Scotch whisky sector and other sectors of our economy. It was disappointing that the UK Government felt unable to object formally to the inclusion of bourbon on the list, given the potential impact that we know that this could have on Scotch whisky. If other tariffs are introduced by the US administration on whisky or other key products, then we would expect the UK Government to mitigate or to compensate businesses for the damage that will be done to export markets, but we will continue to engage with the UK Government and continue to do all that we can to protect the interests of the whisky sector, which, of course, is so important to our overall economy. To ask the First Minister what action the Scottish Government is taking regarding Scottish Canal's financial situation. Scottish Canal carries out vital work managing Scotland's waterways. The Scottish Government is the main source of funding for the organisation, although it also has other sources of income, including investments and commercial revenue. In this year's budget, we increased our funding from £10 million in 2016-17 to £11.6 million, a rise of 16 per cent. We also increased the organisation's capital allocation by £500,000 to £3.5 million. However, we are aware of the financial difficulties that it has faced due to the enforced closure of bridges on the Forth and Clyde canal, so I am pleased to be able to confirm today that we will provide an additional £1.6 million of capital grant in aid to enable Scottish Canals to repair the Bonnie bridge and Twecker bridges and carry out further work at the Ardyshaig pier as well. Edward Mountain I thank the First Minister for that answer and I also thank her also for ensuring extra investment, but the problem is that Scottish Canals still face a shortfall of some £70 million of outstanding repairs. Recently, Scottish Canals have been more interested in investing in shops, holiday letings and commercial ventures than repairing waterways. If you do not agree with me, just look at the asset management budget, which highlights those very facts. The last thing that they quote is a priority is when funds allow, and I quote, to facilitate navigation. Will the First Minister ensure that Scottish Canals keep our canals open across all of Scotland, including the Highlands? The First Minister I think that the member should look at the resurgence of canal traffic in Scotland. He should perhaps visit Falkirk or, indeed, parts of Glasgow, and then he will see that the premise of his question is completely misguided and, frankly, utterly wrong. Of course, Scottish Canals, like many parts of the public sector in Scotland, are under financial pressure. I have to say that, if we had followed the Tory recommendations in the Scottish budget, we would not have been able to announce, as I have done, the additional money for Scottish Canals, because we would have been looking for £500 million of cuts. The member also complains about the other activities of Scottish Canals. That is partly about bringing in additional commercial revenue, and is all activity that I think should be welcomed. Scottish Canals have done a very good job. Yes, they do face financial pressures, but the Government will continue to work with them to ensure that they can address those pressures, just as I have demonstrated with the announcement of additional money today. Money that would not have been available had we followed the advice of the Scottish Conservatives.

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Sheshegwaning First Nation: Odawa Community Wellness - Manitoulin Island

This is a collection of words, photos and video clips about Sheshegwaning First Nation.., on Manitoulin Island, Ontario, Canada, "Turtle Island".. including some pow-wow and local area video clips.. and many photos & video clips of the community and area. ..And this completes my video barrage of all Manitoulin Island's six First Nation communities. -------------------------------------------------- Sheshegwaning First Nation (SFN) is located on the northern shoreline of Manitoulin Island, approximately 112 kilometers west of Little Current. Accessible year-round, by hard top road, the land base of Sheshegwaning is 10,124 acres. The people of Sheshegwaning are of the Odawa Nation of Anishnaabek. The official languages of Sheshegwaning are Nishnaabemwin and English. Sheshegwaning Kchi-Naaknigewin Ratifie: August 27, 2016 Signed into law: January 17th 2017 Odawaak n’daawmi Zhiishiigwaaning Nishnaabe kiing doonji-baami Kchi-maaw-zhi e-koo-ya-yaang Zhindaa debenjged maampii mnising, miinwa enweying Miinwa mnidoo aadziwin, miinwa aki, nibi, noodin, miinwa shkod Ngi miingo wii naagdowendmaang, kchi-piitendaagkin Miinwa maanda aki, miinwa wii mno-di-nizying maampi kiing miinwa wii mno-wiiji-aandiying ji gdi-binoojiinaanik miinwa waabiiyaajik. (English Translation) We are the people of Sheshegwaning, of the Odawa Nation of Anishinaabek, who have been here since time immemorial, placed upon this continent by the Creator, along with the gifts of our language and spirituality and religion and the gifts of the Earth, Water, Air and Fire. We have a sacred responsibility for the use and maintenance of these gifts and the gifts the land provides and to live in harmony with the land and with each other, for our children and future generations. ------------------- I claim no ownership of any of the clips, video, music and words expressed in this video...and employ my borrowing of them with much respect and thanks. Credits are given at the end of the video. No personal monetization is being done with this video, by me..., nor am I receiving any other benefits from any of this video.. It is meant for all.., to heal, teach, discuss, inspire and inform...and share. I thank, ..with respect: Ogimaa Dean Roy.. and all of his relations..; All of the Elders, Youth & People Of Sheshegwaning First Nation in this video..; Elder Joseph LaFord..; The Manitoulin Expositor..; Fast Deer..; All The Sheshegwaning First Nation Dancers, Singers & Drummers & Pow-Wow Guests..; ."Average Row" ( "Honoree" Rowan Elsmore.. my new little brother! : )..; JAMES HORNER..; ULALI..; Chis Geezis Singers..; Western Eagle Singers..; JIM BOYD..; liquidvisual..; firekwe..; Tangible Images..; AnnaD612..; HeapPlentyFun.. ..and to all the other brothers and sisters who have contributed to this video.., in any way... , with any photos and/or video clips. Chi-Chi (X4) Miigwetch!.. Many Blessings & Thanks..! *Set video to 960 X 540p HD, for best viewing. (480P - You-Tube)

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and how you can live this life. That to me is important, but I found that using the culture. Give us a song. Mi-mi-da-wa-wa-s-no-de-indigen-a-cause. Shaguanda First Nations, Manitoulin Island. Do-do-mo-wa-be-je-shi. On-a-da-ga, Ojibwe. I'm speaking Ojibwe to you. I said hello on a formal way. My name is Frazier Lee-White-Duck. I'm from Shaguanda First Nations. I am Ojibwe On-a-da-ga. I am of the Martin clan. I'm here speaking with a fellow YouTuber, and he's gonna take it away. Yeah, I'm interested to see what you got, man. Your regalia's awesome, and I saw you dancing. Do you have how much memory you got on there? I was kidding. I got. These here, as you can see, I have signatures of other men that I value as warriors. So friends and people that I see as good people that do change, educate, and better the world in their own way, eh? And so I could sit here and talk about everything. The reason why I have this coloring here is my spirit name is The Dancing Northern Lights. So that's why you'll see a lot of greens, really bright greens, purples, and stuff like that in my regalia. What's your favorite thing about a power? Experiences like this. The cultural exchange, the medicine that people get, that's the understanding and the appreciation of people like yourself wanting to know and wanting to grow with us because then it shows that true reconciliation and that's a true sign of respect and humility towards each other. I teach that as a cultural ambassador, always meeting with new people, especially young people like yourselves, that have a thirst for knowledge. I'm more than happy to share what I have to offer. As they say, this is all the history and all of the knowledge of the people and I probably know about this and then whenever I talk to people I probably teach them about that. So it's like, it's trying to be humble and trying to build friendships and allies everywhere. Thank you so much for taking time to talk with me. See you next time. Power shake with that and you pound it, bam. So we have our head dancers here. We have Bear Nation ready to go with an honor song. We're going to give this young man with his blanket, also a symbol of welcoming him to the community. How fit he is. He women.

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2024 Toyota Corolla Cross Review | Affordable, Safe & Reliable!

In this video I'll go for a test drive & completely review the NEW 2024 Toyota Corolla Cross! I'll test out acceleration, braking, steering feel, cargo space, rear legroom, sound system, exhaust clip & much more! Big thanks to Younger Toyota in Hagerstown, MD for allowing me to check out the NEW 2024 Toyota Corolla Cross! For more information on their inventory please feel free to visit their website below! www.YoungerToyota.com My Links: - GP Merch: teespring.com/stores/GoldPony - TikTok: @GoldPony - Facebook: facebook.com/TheGoldPony21 - Twitter: @TheGoldPony21 - Instagram: @TheGoldPony21

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Peace out you guys, I'll go back to another one. If you are new to the channel, I am Gold Pony on the new car truck SUV reviews on YouTube. And today we are in the brand new 2024 Toyota Corolla Cross courtesy of Younger Toyota in Hagerstown, Maryland for more information on their inventory. Please feel free to check out the link in the description box below. So today we're in this one because this is actually an affordable compact SUV. You do of course get Toyota's legendary reliability to go along with that. All-wheel drive is available. We do have all-wheel drive today because I thought it would be a fun day to kind of go out and test out the all-wheel drive system in the snow. It is snowing right now, so this should be a fun one but you do get two years or 25,000 miles of complimentary maintenance as well with all new Toyotas for that matter. So it's gonna save you a little bit of money there too but ultimately in this video, we will be testing out and going over everything about this one from acceleration to braking, steering feel, ride quality, sound system, exhaust clip, all that fun stuff. So having said all of that, what do you guys say? Let's just go ahead and jump right into it. And as always, let's start with pricing. So as you can imagine, there are a few different trim levels for the 2024 Corolla Cross. First one being the L starting at $23,610, which is a $550 bump from the 2023 model year. L-E, which is the trim we are in today, starting at $25,940 and lastly the XL-E going for $29,135. So that was all pricing for the front wheel drive configuration. If you wanted to add all wheel drive, you can do that simply at $1,300 than to any of those prices. But regardless of trim level that you go with, the power plant on the Corolla Cross is going to be the same. Powering the Little Beast is a two liter naturally aspirated inline four cylinder putting out 169 horsepower at 6,600 RPM. 151 pound feet of torque coming in at 4,400 RPM. That power being sent to front wheels or all wheels through a CVT. Zero to 60 time coming in at approximately 9.3 seconds. We'll test that out in a little bit here. MPG numbers then coming in at 31 in the city, 33 on the highway for the front wheel drive, 29 city, 31 then on the highway for the all wheel drive taking regular unleaded fuel. So now how have we got all of that out of the way? What do you guys say? Let's go ahead and find a straight way. Let's put the acceleration here to the test and let's see how quickly we can get our new 2024 Corolla Cross here up to speed. All right, three, two, one, go. It's kind of loud. Yeah, it's not the quickest thing in the world. It's not bad. It's actually a lot quicker than I expected it to be. Certainly not as slow as the Mitsubishi Mirage, but again, not the quickest thing in the world. But it's one of those things where you kind of learn how to drive your car the more you drive it. It's kind of like the visibility in a Camaro or a 370 or something like that. You just get used to it. So I don't see any issues with merging onto the highway or anything like that in the Corolla Cross. They would be perfectly fine for me. But anyways, to go along with that acceleration as always, braking is equally important. So upfront, you will find 12-inch ventilated front discs. In the back, 11.1-inch solid rear discs as far as that 60s-year stopping distance goes. That actually comes in at a very impressive 120-foot number. That's brilliant. I always tell you guys, sports today, a number is usually in the one teens. Usually with SUVs, you find in the 130s, honestly, or upper 120. So 120 feet even, that's a really, really good stopping distance, I'm telling you. So as far as braking feel goes, it's 100% on the firmer side of things. This thing instantly brings you to a stop even in the snow here today. So I love the braking on the Corolla Cross. Absolutely no issues there. But then touching on suspension and handling upfront, you're going to get an independent McPherson strut front suspension. In the back, it's going to differ dependent upon the configuration that you go with. So for the front-wheel drive, you're going to get a torsion beam rear axle. For the all-wheel drive, you're going to get an independent multi-link rear suspension. And front stabilizer bar comes standard for all trims. But if you want a rear stabilizer bar, you got to go with the all-wheel drive. So essentially what I'm getting at is if you want better handling, and if you want better ride quality, you're going to go with the all-wheel drive system for the Corolla Cross. I'm just saying. So overall, as far as ride quality goes, it has been perfectly fine. I'm going to show a little test drive here today. These wheels are very, very smooth. But having said that, I've had no issues with ride quality on the Corolla Cross. So 100% Toyota. As far as steering feel goes, that's one of the first things I noticed. It's a very loosey-goosey steering feel. As to be expected in most SUVs, sometimes I'm kind of impressed with the heavier steering feels, but they're rare, I will say that. So it's to be expected. It honestly feels just like the steering feel in the Corolla, if you're familiar with that. So wouldn't have minded if they put maybe a steering feel firm mode like Volvo does, or something like that, just to adjust the steering feel and make it a little more weighted. That's all I'm saying there, but as far as cabin noise goes, do you get a little bit of road noise? It's nothing that bothers me. You get a lot of engine noise when you really get on this thing, but overall, it's to be expected with what the Corolla Cross actually is. And that touching our rear visibility, I can actually see perfectly fine out the back as we come up on even more snow. So this is fun. So yeah, as far as rear visibility goes, I can see perfectly fine out the back. You definitely shouldn't have any issues there. But that pretty much rounds out the performance segment of this review, you guys. Let's not go ahead and take a look at the exterior of our brand new 2024 Toyota Corolla Cross. All right, so here she is, you guys. The new 2024 Toyota Corolla Cross finished in blue crush metallic. In case you were curious of the exact exterior color name that we had on this one, but so always let's go ahead and start with where this one is made. And this is one of those new Irvins. First character is the number seven, indicating that this one is actually built and assembled here in the US. But as always, let's go ahead and start up front on this one. Black front grille will come on the L and L E trim levels, like you were guys are looking at right now. However, if you were to go with the XLE, you're going to get some metallic paint grills around. So in place of our gloss black will actually be finished in kind of like a metallic kind of bronze-ish look. I guess you could say, but to the sides, full LED projector style headlights do come standard for all trim levels across the board. I love that they're not reflector. They are projector and they're both low beam and high beam. It doesn't get any better than that. LED day time rating lights also coming standard. You get the auto off feature for the L, but then auto on and off for the L and XLE trim levels. But then automatic high beams do actually come standard on every single trim level across the board. So if you have your high beams on a night and sense the vehicle coming in the opposite direction, it's going to automatically dim them back to low beams. And when the vehicle is gone, it's going to automatically bounce it back up the high beams for you there. So I do like that. That at least comes standard for all trim levels. And if you were to go with the XLE, you guys can see the cutouts near the bottom. We'll actually get LED fog lights then as well. But that pretty much rounds out the front end of this one. Listen, I'll go ahead and make our way to the side. It's a bit now, since we are around to the side of this one, black roof rails do come on the LE and XLE trim levels. Hence the reason we have those. For your privacy glass, also for those two trim levels as well, you will find some silver or black kind of floating roof line. You guys can see that going towards the C pillar there. And actually, if you get up a little bit closer, you're going to find that it actually does say Corolla Cross on it as well. I'm going to show you that to you guys real quick. You see it says Corolla Cross. And actually, if you go down a little bit, you're actually going to find that there is some Corolla Cross lettering found in the rear taillight there as well. Hopefully you guys can see that. It does say Corolla Cross though. I like that. I like the little attention to detail that I told you to put into that. But anyways, black power adjustable side mirrors will come on the L trim level, but they will be body colored for the LE and XLE trims. But then heated for those two and also with LED integrated turd signals for the LE and XLE trims as well. So let's take a look down at the wheel setup, 17 inch steel wheels with covers for the L trim, 17 inch aluminum alloys for the LE. That is what you guys are looking at. And then 18 inch aluminum alloys for the XLE. But that pretty much rounds out the side profile as the snow starts to pick up here. Let's now go ahead and make our way to the back. All right, so now since we are around to the back of the Corolla Cross, body colored shark fin antenna found all the way to the top. Just below that rear spoiler, just below that rear window wiper. Trim level badging found on the back tailgate there as well. So if you ever wander on to a lot, maybe on a Sunday, that's where you're gonna go ahead and find the trim level badging as well as the all wheel drive badging if the Corolla Cross is a quick delist. LED tail lights come on the XLE trim level only. Otherwise you're gonna get halogens back there. Do you have some body colored accents towards the bottom there? I like that on the rear bumper. And of course, a single exhaust outlet for all trim levels across the board. So having said that, I do believe you guys know what we have to do next here. As always, here is that exhaust clip. All right, so now since we are around to the back of the Corolla Cross, when it comes to opening that rear tailgate, it is gonna be a manual tailgate for all trim levels across the board. However, there is a power tailgate available with a convenience package that actually comes with the power moonroof and some other things as well. But once it opened up, cargo capacity comes in at 26.5 cubic feet. If that was not enough space, there is a 60-40 split, meaning the rear seats do fall down for quite a bit of extra space then if you needed it. LED cargo lighting coming standard. You don't always find LEDs in the cargo area. So I like that cargo cover coming on the XLE, but it's just gonna be optional on the LE trim level, we do have it. So like seeing that as well, grocery bag hooks back there, chrome-plated tie-down anchors, and then if you were to lift up underneath of that cargo floor, you are gonna find a spare tire. But in addition to that, there's gonna be some in-floor storage surrounding that as well. So you can probably put a small ice scraper or something like that back there. But then make your way up to the rear legroom that comes in at 32 inches even. For reference, I mean even six feet tall. This is how much space I have back there. Rear ventilation actually does come standard for all trim levels across the board. Gonna find dual rear USB charging ports for the LE and XLE trim levels. And then a rear center armrest with cupholders for the XLE trim level only. And then make your way up to the front seats, manually adjustable cloth seating for the L and LE trims, 10-way power driver seat with power lumbar for the XLE soft-tex upholstery for the XLE heated front seats for the XLE as well. As far as seat comfort goes in our LE trim level that we have with us here today, it's actually been perfectly fine. I haven't had any issues in my short little test drive here. So for manually adjustable cloth seats, they actually get the job done. So I haven't had any issues there. Then make your way to the steering wheel. It is tilt and telescoping. And this is gonna be wrapped in urethane on the L trim level, but then leather wrapped for the LE and XLE trims and no issues there yet. Again, then make your way to the startup. Let me start by showing you guys the key here. You got your Toyota logo all the way to the bottom. Lock and unlock, but it is all keyless entry with a push button start for the LE and XLE trims only. So all I'm going to do here is simply put my foot on the brake and press that black engine start button located just kind of by the driver's right knee. And so once started up, there's going to be two different gauge clusters, 4.2 inch digital screen front and center for the L and LE trim that we have today. But then you will find a full seven inch digital gauge cluster for the XLE trim level. But having said that the gauges that we have today, they're probably the most basic gauges in existence right now. So tachometers on your left, speedometers on your right. You got the small screen front and center. And there is really no creativity or originality whatsoever to these gauges. They're simply white on black. There's no 3D effects like they had in maybe the 2022 model year, if I remember correctly. So I wouldn't have minded if they did a little bit more with these gauges at least on the L and LE trim levels. They can be analog. I got no problem with that, but at least create some kind of a 3D effect or some kind of nice design rather than just white on black and just there's no creativity whatsoever. Anyways, through the digital screen you could check out outside temperature, how many miles you'll left until you hit empty. There's a digital speedometer, pretty much everything you can possibly want on the digital screen at least. But then make your way to overall interior quality. Power Moonroof is gonna be a $940 option for the LE and XLE trims, but it also does come with a convenience package, which by the way goes for right around $2,100 I believe. So we do have that, I like that, but auto dimming rear view mirror for the XLE trim level, ambient lighting for the XLE trim level as well. Wireless phone charger coming on the LE and XLE trims. That's located just in front of the shifter. I like seeing that automatic climate control for the LE so we can set a temperature. It'll automatically hit that for us and dual zone climate control for the XLE trim level. One of the little interesting things that I really like on the Corolla Cross here is the overhead LED lighting here. It's kind of got this Mercedes-Benz effect. This is almost exactly the way Mercedes-Benz set up their interior lighting as far as the design goes and the way the LED lights kind of show. I like that overhead lighting there and just behind the shifter, you got a lecture mechanical parking brake. You got a couple cup holders as well within the center armrest. It's a little bit of storage there. You do actually have a 12-volt power outlet in there and another USB charging port as well, but overall everything is kind of finished on the basic side of things. You got a black plastic door handle, a lot of black plastic surrounding the cup holders and on the doors, but it's okay. It still gets the job done. So yeah, I'll just say that, but now let's go ahead and make our way to the infotainment screen here. 8-inch color touch screen display does come standard for all trim levels across the board. Bluetooth and audio streaming coming with that. Wireless Android Auto Apple CarPlay for all trims. I love that. Well done Toyota there. You can check out your driving statistics up there as well, along with your radio information. And so when it comes to the sound system, there is really one of them and then an optional one. So you're gonna find six speakers for all trim levels coming standard. However, there is an optional nine-speaker JBL sound system that goes for $800. We don't have that one with us here today. We do have the six speakers. So having said that, what do you guys say? Let's go ahead and turn on the radio, see what we got playing today. And let's test out the clarity of this one. ["Toyota 6-Speaker Sound Systems"] Actually not that bad. I usually say that too. I feel like about Toyota's six-speaker sound systems. They're pretty good for six speakers. I'll just put it that way there. You expect a lot less and actually you're kind of greeted with a good bit of bass. Very good clarity actually for six speakers as well. Having said that, I remember reviewing the JBL sound system last year's Corolla Cross that I reviewed and that was amazing. I love that. But this is actually pretty darn good for six speakers as well. But last thing I wanna mention to you guys on the infotainment screen is when you do both Corolla Cross and Reverse, you will find a rear view camera. Not the highest definition rear view camera, but it still gets the job done nonetheless, which is always is going to lead us into safety. And so to start, IIHS top safety pick plus, which is the very highest designation given by IIHS that pretty much says it all right there. Front side, side current airbags do come standard driver's knee airbag up front as well, but also in the back rear side impact airbags. That's like an $800 option for Mercedes and BMW. Also in the back latch, AKA lower anchors of tethers to children for the rear car seats, rear child door locks, type pressure monitoring system, but also coming standard Toyota Safety Sense 3.0. That gives you a pre-collision system with pedestrian detection, lane departure alert with steering assist, lane tracing assist, dynamic radar cruise control and road sign assist then as well. Then if you were to go with the LE or XLE trims, you're going to add to that a blind spot monitoring system with rear cross traffic alert and safe exit assist then as well. So overall when it comes to my final thoughts here of the Corolla Cross, excellent safety. You can't beat an IIHS top safety pick plus, legendary reliability that has been proven at this point. The JBL sound system is excellent. I remember that one in last year's review. Six-spear sound system, it's pretty good as well. Good starting price point as well. Starting in the lower 20s is definitely a rarity these days with inflation and all that. Wireless connectivity, you don't always find that really on most cars out there. So usually you have to still wire it up through a USB cable with your phone to the car. So I love that it's wireless. Gives it a much more cleaner look on the inside here. As far as room for improvement goes, this thing is definitely slow unfortunately. So and honestly, I don't mind the slowness because the trade-off is you're going to get excellent reliability there. But one thing that really does need improved upon on this thing is the gauges. The gauge cluster, at least on the L and L E-terms, not the XLE, they're so boring. If there was an award for the most boring gauges, I think it would probably have to go to the Corolla Cross or the Corolla because I know they use these gauges as well, but they didn't use to. That's the weird thing. They went with a kind of cool-looking gauge cluster to this very boring one for some reason. But anyways, let me know what you guys think of the Corolla Cross in the comment section below. That is about it for this one. You guys, thank you so much for watching. Feel free to follow me on social media at the bottom of the screen. I want to see what's coming next on the channel before it gets to YouTube. Be sure to hit the subscribe and the bell notification button if you're into new car reviews because that's what we do here on this channel. After all, do appreciate you guys watching more than you know, and I will see you guys all in the next video. Stay gold.

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Ram Mandir ਦੇ ਜਸ਼ਨ 'ਚ ਡੁੱਬੇ ਲੋਕ, ਮੰਦਿਰ ਲਈ ਜਾਨ ਦੇਣ ਵਾਲਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰ ਰਿਹਾ ਕੋਈ ਯਾਦ #local18

Ram Mandir ਦੇ ਜਸ਼ਨ 'ਚ ਡੁੱਬੇ ਲੋਕ, ਮੰਦਿਰ ਲਈ ਜਾਨ ਦੇਣ ਵਾਲਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰ ਰਿਹਾ ਕੋਈ ਯਾਦ #local18 #RamMandir #pathankot Find Latest News, Top Headline And breaking news Watch your favorite newspapers News18 Punjab Himachal Haryana websites. For All Live Coverage, Exclusive And Latest News Update, Watch The LIVE TV Of News18 Punjab/Haryana/Himachal, Catch The Latest News LIVE News 18 Punjab/Haryana/Himachal is an exclusive news channel on YouTube which streams news related to Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Nation and the World. Along with the news, the channel also has debates on contemporary topics and shows on special series which are interesting and informative. News18 ਪੰਜਾਬ/हरियाणा/हिमाचल एक क्षेत्रीय न्यूज़ चैनल है जिसपर ਪੰਜਾਬ, हरियाणा, हिमाचल, देश एवं विदेश की खबरें प्रकाशित की जाती हैं | समाचारों क साथ-साथ इस चैनल पर समकालीन विषयों पर वाद-विवाद एवं विशेष सीरीज भी प्रकाशित होती हैं जो की काफी रोचक एवं सूचनापूर्ण हैं | Subscribe to our channel: http://bit.ly/1IMIp73 For Latest news and updates, log on to: https://bit.ly/2Cx91Ok Follow Us on Twitter: https://twitter.com/News18Haryana https://twitter.com/News18Himachal https://twitter.com/News18Punjab Like Us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/News18Haryana/ https://www.facebook.com/News18Himachal/ https://www.facebook.com/News18Punjab

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बाई जन्वरी नू आयोद्याचे राम्मदर्दी प्रान प्रतिष्टानू लैके देश्पार दे लोकाचे पारी उच्षाविखनू मिल्या पर राम्मदर्दे एस लंबेस संगर्ष्दे वेच, कई नोजवान आजेही वीने जिना एस संगर्ष दूरान आपनिया जना तक्वार दितियान, पर आजोग इतिखास दे पन्न्यादे विच लुप्त होए दिस रहेने एना विच उही एकसी पठान्कोड डा रहन वाला आजे महाजन चोकी उनिसो नभेच, आएउद्धे राम्मदर्दी स्थापना दे लेए, पठान्कोड तो मास्टर मोहलाल दी, अगवाई वाए जते दे नाल संगर्ष दे लेए गया सी, पर अते हिन्सक्च्च्ड्ड्ड आजे महाजन जिसनु आज पठान्कोड दा हर भशर याज कर रहा है, उआद्मी सर्जू नदी दे पुल्ब लों वो दुस्रे पसे गोर्ख्पुर डा लिजारे सी गे, अगगो गोर्ख्पूर दी, पुलिस नदी, पुलिस नदी, पुलिस नदी, अगवाई पुल्पुर बशन्वास्ते बड़े प्रियतं की ते सर्जू च्याल मार्ती, पर उमुडा बाचनी सकया, आजे महाजन दी, मिनुस नी बगद याजन दी, अगवे पिता जी बड़े बहादर सी योदी, फ्यामली सरी बहादर सी, पटान्कोड राष्ट्डी ये स्वम्से वोख संगने, लोका नी आजे महाजनु शहादे दी, फोल आरपिट की ते. पर राज्वाश्टी जिला उद दव्ख्ट प्यार यो बलब्रेरी बना एगे सी, दिस्पन्सी बना एगे सी, आजो बंद प्यास्तो रूम्डा बिला औने कामले आजा रहा होती. आजे महाजन दी याजा तरस्त भी तेल दवारा उनु खीख दीख तीख ते ना डग्या जाए। अच्छी उननु शेह दीद जिलो एड़े विज़ प्रापत हो इसी, तो इसार तो बार उना दी चेह दीशी याजा नहीं गे तो उज़़ी चड़दी तेए है गया, दब तर दे बी जे बिल्ख्ल वी उड़नाम गरा नहीं है रहा हो. तेख वहनी एसे शीदनल बहुत कुछ विछन दब चारें, शीदनो पोल पल जानते लोकी, चार दिन अप्सोस कर लिन दिन हो दे बाद कुछ विछ दनू याज कर दे, कि नहीं हाजा रहा हमार दी सैना दे जे, आरमी दिन औजवां सी मरगे, तो एक दिन सी शोग कर लिन दे बाद दूने नू कुछ तो लगे बाद दूने दाख, आप प्रिवारी बुचरा यती ही वो जंदा है, शो ए रहा लाज मैं अप्सोस नहीं करना प्रिंदै के, महाजन प्रष्ट ने जो याज कार बनानी चाईदी शोग नी बनी, पर दिली हून सी प्रियाषन कर लागे के लिए बनावें. आयुद देछ भवे मंडर बन रे है, एस भी मैं सारे बखान खोख शेर दे निवास्यानु मुवारक बादर्यान। राम, शोरी, शील्ता, सोंदरी, वीर्ता, त्याग, एस नेषनी एक ताल अखन्त्रता दे प्रतीकनों, असी इश्टा दे सोमन नरकिद करने है, बहुत उट्सास ही उसके लेग नबेद जध्ते लिए नदर जध्योसी गे है, पहले कर जोध बजाए है पहरुद बाद, जध्ते रुमानो एन, ये लागे जध्ते नबेज गे आसी बलाड जोध सी उस लिए नदर, आसा या जी की ए दिस्पन्सरी 2003 दबे शिरु गित्ती गगी, और काफी सालित हो दे सेवाओई, दिस्पन्सरी उर पुस्त का ले, दोनो शिरूए एसी गे, उन्नी दे विछी दो कोविद दा दो रहा है, ते शरकार दी चिड़ा गाए नजाए है, और काफी सालित हो दे सेवाओई, दिस्पन्सरी उर पुस्त का ले, दोनो शिरूए एसी गे, उन्नी दे विछी दो कोविद दा दोर आया है, ते सरकार दी चिड़ा गाए नजाए है या विछी गे, किसे विज़ गाट दे बिडनी कत्भी रहनी हो नहीं, उस में सरकार दी गाए लाए नजाए नजाए दिस्पन्सरी एसी हो दो, उन्नो बंद किता गाए नजाए है, उस तो बात फुस्त वेप चिते तोटल बंदर या सारा सिस्टम, सेखिन वेप जी दो आई फिर दिस्पन्सरी दा कामत उदानी एसी अदी रेनूवेशन लगबा कमपीट वन वली है, उस्तबाद फिर असी यह दी रेनूवेशन करनवाले है, और दबारा तनो अच्छे तरीख के नजाए दिस्पन्सरी में शुरू करनवाले है। बाई जैनवरी 2000 चवी बड़ाही इतहासिक दिन बन जान्वाला है, कोकी योड्द्यानू लैक, योड्द्या दे बेच रामन्दनू लैक, RSS वलो यह BJP वलो ज़ा संगर्ष किता जासी गा, उ कितना किते हुं सीरे चर्दा होया नजर आरया. योड्द्द बन आरके जडा आतर सल्स्प मलो डखा जा और संस्थानू जडा बड़ा वध्यात रिकिनाल चलाया जारया. इस संस्था बलो उप्राला काते इते दिस्पैंसरी लाइब्रेदी खोली जैसी गी, योगी कोविडे दोरान इना वंद करनी पही, पर फेर भी लोखा नहुए से वावा जड़ीया, मेटिकल सुत जडीयो दिन देरे या. सूली हाजा, यस में ले जगर गाल करी है पा, यस में ले जगर स्तोहरूम बने आप यह आप यह तो तो चांचाल का दिगाल कर यह तो नहोडा साप गोड़ ते कै आना वि जेड़ संस्किर ती मंदर आ, उस दा कम चाल रहा और उस दा कम हो तो बाग, यस मानोचन पो शिप काता जआएग, और यस जगा दी वी जेडी या उदॆब रेशिन खारके,�� obserseven irez

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Gallery Works 135

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Hello and welcome to Gallery Works. My name is Kitty Lynn Klisch and we're in the studio today with two of three sisters. Each one of them has chosen a different path in her art. We have two of the gals here and we'll be talking about the third one later in the show. It's my very most pleasure to introduce you to Therese Randall and Patty Strong. I'm so glad you could come today. Welcome to the show. Very glad to be here. Good, good. And tell me gals, how... Now you're all three artists and we're talking about your sister, like she's not with us and that's because she isn't anymore. Only in spirit. Only in spirit, right. Okay, so but how did the three of you gals get started in your particular forms of art? Now, Therese, you are a painter. You work in oil and acrylic. Yes. Patty, you work with fabric. And I also paint. And you... Oh, you also paint, too. Oh, okay. I didn't realize that. And your sister's name was Sue. Susan, okay. What medium did Susan work in? She worked in oils and acrylics and mostly in pencil. Mostly in pencil. Okay, all right. And now I want to know, as girls growing up, did you all, like while other kids were playing Go Fish and Old Maid, were the three of you creating? Well, we played Go Fish and Old Maid, too. Okay. But we had something and I think we all noticed that other children couldn't do what we did. I can remember being in kindergarten and we were all told to make an animal drawing. And I looked at all of them and thought, why don't the other children's animals look like what they're supposed to look like? Because I drew a zebra and my zebra actually looked like a zebra. So we knew from when we were really, really young that we had something. We had a gift that other people didn't have. Yeah, yeah. And I assumed, I thought, almost till I went to college, that I thought everybody could paint and draw. It's just that they chose not to do it. I didn't know that they couldn't. Yeah. Because it's like all of our family, my aunts, my mother and my father were both very talented and very artistic. My grandma did China painting and they had a ceramic shop and there was nothing they could not paint. I mean, it was just a man. It was amazing. But growing up around people like that, everybody in our family did that. Right. They were very artistic. So you're from this area, right? And you were born and raised in the St. Neeson's Manitowoc area. Okay. St. Neeson's Manitowoc area. Yeah. All right. That's so interesting because it's something that sounds like it's been passed down generational. Oh, it had been. With that type of being and that type of environment, that would be very inspiring to a young child. Oh, that's wonderful. Especially the really young child when you were really young. It was just wonderful. Absolutely wonderful. Yeah. And we were like our aunts always encouraged us and it's like there's there's nothing you can't do. Mm hmm. You know, so when I was little and I would say I wanted to be an artist, you know, people. Well, actually, when I went to my guidance counselor in high school, I said I wanted to be a painter and she said, what are you going to paint houses? Yeah, a lot of encouragement there. So but it you know, it wasn't we didn't we didn't think that it wasn't possible that we could do what we wanted to do. Well, I I think your work, all of you, I mean, your work is spectacular. Thank you. And I'd like to I'd like to talk about your work. Right now, Therese, the the painting that we opened the show with. I believe those are Lily's tulips or tulips. Okay. Aren't they amazing? Yes, tulips like that are like a little past. They're just just about. That's exactly what was happening. Right. Yeah. And and that's gorgeous in your use of color. Now, are these tulips from your garden? I actually went to the meat market in in St. Cloud and the woman there knows I'm an artist and she said, you have to go over to my house and see my tulips. And it was right after a rainstorm. And it was still gray and and the wind was moving them around. And I thought, oh, they're so beautiful. And I took a bunch of photographs. And I went home and the photographs, I have to do a painting of this. Sure. So that's how that happened. Yeah, and you can add I see what you mean about, you know, a windstorm and rain and everything because that's the way they look, they look like they've been, you know, disturbed abused a little bit. Yeah, yeah. And and but there's but it creates a movement and an energy in the painting. You know, they don't it is just beautiful. And the other thing that strikes me is this gorgeous, complimentary color that you have put in that makes the the tulips pop. Very, very good. I did. You taught me that. Well, thank you. It's beautiful. That that is truly beautiful. Thank you. I love that painting. Thank you. And okay, and then we over here, we have an elk. Yes, yes. Okay. Tell me about that fellow. He's really beautiful. My husband, and brother, and a couple other guys went out to Montana hunting. And I just went along for the experience. I used to hunt, I can't hunt anymore. It's too difficult for me. Is it difficult? Why is it difficult? I'm not gonna give you the answer. It's hard for me to see something living. And then maybe the one that stops that. My dad used to take me hunting when I was little. I was very little and he would take me out. And he taught me what the different plants were and what the different birds were. And I was maybe in first grade. And I knew the difference between a white oak and a scarlet oak and a red oak. And, and I was surprised that other people didn't know those things. Because I had known it for so long. And I'd catch butterflies. And I mean, he took me pheasant hunting. He took me duck hunting. And, and so I was kind of raised with hunting. Mm hmm. But it was, it was just really hard for me to both. At that point that you realized how beautiful they are. Yes. Alive and emotion. Yes. I agree. I just, I couldn't, couldn't do it anymore. All right. Well, back to this fellow here. What's the story on him? So we, it was interesting. We're in Montana. There's a snowstorm. And we were driving into this place where we were supposed to be hunting. And it was just like the Hartford commercial. There was this big elk standing on top. That's like, I mean, because I'm visual and I'm sure you know, too, right, you picture things. I have all these photos and movies in my head. And it's like there was the Hartford commercial. And so some guys went this way and some guys went that way and, and he got to have a big elk. I wasn't, I know it's a real, it's a really difficult thing. Yeah, they're very excited about doing this. But yeah, now he's alive always. Yeah, exactly. And I, you know, don't misunderstand me. I'm not critiquing your paintings. But I just, you were my student once. And, and I just need to reinforce and point out to you the really strong composition here, trees, you really nailed that comp, that composition. I love it. I mean, it's so strong. You give us just enough information that we can feel the moment. And yet, you know, there's still things about it that we don't know. And I really like that. That's a very beautiful painting. I won the Robert Hoyle award with that painting. Oh, good for you, girl. I know I was like, I don't get it. Why did it was that so, I mean, for him to give, I mean, I was just, I was, I was just so surprised. I didn't understand what he said. You know why? No, I know. I want you to take your mic, honey, and, and make it come up a little bit. It's kind yeah, there we go. There we go. Yeah. Because I want to make sure you're heard. Okay. All right. And then we have this piece here with the cardinal, which I just finished. You just finished. Yes. Okay. Oh, I forgot to ask you the the tulips are they oil or acrylic? That's acrylic, acrylic and the moves that are the other that's oil, that's oil. Okay. And this one? This is acrylic, acrylic. Okay. Yes. That is just gorgeous. I was so inspired with there was so much milkweed this year. Although I didn't see as many monarchs as I usually do. No, I only found one monarch caterpillar this year. But the milkweed was so fantastic. And the purple asters were amazing. And that's beautiful. And I just I love this time of year. I just want to stay home and paint this time of year. Exactly. Well, you know, the colors are exactly and the way the light plays in the trees. And what's so beautiful about this is this this vignette feeling that we have, because we have the cardinal in beautiful, beautiful detail. And it's obvious that he's the focal area in the painting, you know, and the things around him are, you know, crisper looking, and they're coming forward. And then there's this great sense of distance. I mean, it just looks like you could just go all the way back. And yet you did that without giving us too much detail. And that is the secret to creating space. And you know, a painting should be like a window, you should be able to look at a painting and feel like you can go inside the painting. And that you you've captured that feeling there beautifully. Thank you. That's very nicely done. Thank you. I sometimes don't know. We never went to school. So you're self taught. I learned by just taking that one class from you. Some technical things that I had never been taught. Sure. And sometimes when I'm painting, I just have colors laying out. And I just, well, I don't even know sometimes how I know how to do it. You know, there's a certain point where it becomes intuitive. Yeah, with a painter. And I think that I think that's very important to know that to trust your first gut reaction to something, trust that because the more you model with it, you know, and work with it, most likely, you're not going to improve it, you're only going to wipe out that bit of genius that that first stroke put on the canvas, you know, so we've talked about that many times. I'm like, I just had to touch it one more time and I messed it up. Well, there you go. Right. You know, if you just know I went to back off is like with my classes, you know, I tell my students, okay, it's signed and you're going to take it home. If I ever stopped by your house and I find that that picture has been touched, you're in trouble, you know, because they have a tendency, oh, I can fix this up better. And then, you know, and then I then they come back to me, you know, like a month or two later and they say, Oh, kitty, I thought I could do it better. And I messed it up. And, and, you know, I mean, it's like, I know, anyway, no, leave it alone. You know, and the older I've gotten, the more I've learned to trust that. Yeah. Where it's like, Okay, this is good. Because I thought about doing more to it. And I'm like, No, this is good. Just let it alone. Right, right. It almost tells you when it's done. Yes, it does. It does. Susie used to say that. That picture will tell you when it's done. Exactly, Patty. A painting will talk to you. Absolutely. Tell you what you need if you're in tune to it. Absolutely. And it will tell you when you're finished. Exactly. Exactly. Yeah, that's really, that's really gorgeous. Thank you very much. I like your work a lot. I love it when you when I see your working gallery 110 north. And aren't you excited? Yes, we're having the whole Plymouth Art Center remodeled and enlarged. And we're going to have this fabulous place, fabulous gallery, fabulous classrooms. And you could give a class there, Teresa. People have asked me to do that. I don't know on wildlife. Yeah, I don't know how much I could, since I don't know how I can do things. I don't know how much I could teach people, but I could try it. You want to maybe like a beginners class, because I'll tell you, you'll really learn a lot about yourself and your own art as a teacher. I know I have over the years. I've learned every bit as much from my students as they have learned from me. You know, and so that's, it would be a good thing for you, honey. It really would be a beginners class there. Beginners have no place to start, you know, and a good, good idea to think about. And Patty, we're not ignoring you. Tell us about this quilt, honey. This thing is gorgeous. It's called trees. And it's basically a root ball. And those are all strips, they're hand pieced and appliqued. Every little one of them are there. And then it's like my sister trees, this my trees, is my trees, is my trees. She said that. She's such a, she's such a grower of things. I mean, goodness and kindness and vibrant and vibrant and she's just the best. So I said, I made trees for trees. And it's basically the same thing I with painting is with the fabric. I never know. When I see a piece of fabric, I get inspired. And I can see it. I do custom garments and stuff too. And I, I see a piece of fabric and I see it in a finished product. And that's like I said, with the, just like with the painting, it tells you when it's done. I always tell, they go, well, what are you gonna do with that? And I go, I don't know, it's just gonna start and just starts to grow. And I start to get ideas and then as it gets, as I add on to it, and it gets bigger. I never know how big some, some of them are into being king size, some of them end up being small. Right. But it tells me what it's done. But they're all signed in number. I signed a name and number, each one of them. I have 137. Oh, my. Well, are they for sale? They're all there. I've got four left. They're all they've all been sold. Oh my gosh, honey. Yeah, that's fabulous. Yeah, they sell like, I don't get them done. I don't get them done fast enough. It's like, just word of mouth in there, a local little store that carries my stuff. What's the name of the store, honey? It's called As You Like It. And it's part of Kramer Pharmacy in downtown Fond du Lac. Okay. And my children's dresses, I make children's clothing. Peter Rabbit dresses and, and custom painting on little Easter dresses and specialty Christmas dressers with matching hats. Yeah, and stuff like that. Okay. And you custom children's furniture too. Sure. For like little children's bedrooms and stuff like that. Well, that's real. That is really nice. And then she also carries my quilts. So it's nice as I do. I'll do a set of children's furniture and then make the quilt to match the bed and matches the furniture. And then, and then I'll get called to go in and very custom design the room. I can go do that. I do the hand painted borders that match the match the quilt and stuff. So very, very special. I have so much fun. Oh, yes. Somebody asked me the other day. What do you do for a living? What do you do? Where do you work? And I went, I haven't worked a day in my life. Like, well, what do you mean? I said, honest to God, I have not worked a day in my life. And I swear, I was like, if I had to go tomorrow, I have had the best life and the most fun and I've been able to do my art my entire life and have been able to be content and happy with it. And I just, I just couldn't have a better gift than a sister like her and a sister like Sue and the kind of gifts that our parents gave us is just been wonderful and meeting people like you and getting to do things like this. I mean, art is such a gift to a community. Yes, yes, it is. And, you know, such a wonderful place that it takes you right about yourself teaches you about yourself and about, you know, giving to others and just the amount of joy that it brings. I years ago, I had a an art instructor who was very famous and I was just when I took one of her workshops and when she came to me, I couldn't breathe. That's how much I admired her. I couldn't I couldn't breathe. And and then she came out with a book. And I went to that lecture, that book signing and and she wrote in my book, Art is a beautiful place to live. Oh, it's nice. And I have never forgotten that. And what you've just said sums that up so beautifully. Really, it's like people come to my home because I'm like a little one bohemian. I've been called to town gypsy. But my house is just my it's just my it's like it's art. It's just like, I have it on the walls, I have it on the ceiling, I haven't. Well, that's, that's the way it should be. Wonderful. My house is just wonderful. I just, yeah, I and I just love it. I love it. Sure. Sure. Because you're in your environment. Oh, absolutely. Yeah, absolutely. That's great. Suzy. Suzy is your dear sister. Your dear sister. Yes. And how long has Suzy been gone? Three years. About three years. It was the 4th of July. 4th of July. The 4th of July. Three years ago. Without getting too personal. May I ask what happened? She was four wheeling in the mountains in Colorado. And the brakes started going out on the four wheeler and they were headed for a deep ravine. And she got scared and she jumped off and she hit her head. And but the the guy who was driving the four wheeler, he tried to stop it and he couldn't. And so the four wheeler did go over the edge. And when he came back and found her, her two dogs were laying alongside of her. And she was gone. And there were three missionaries there praying with her. So just I know she's okay. She was a wonderful, generous, super, super funny person. And very challenging. Very extremely. She was she was a very, very well known artist in Colorado. That's where she was from? Yes. Yes. She had moved out there. Probably 25 years ago. Yeah. Had a lot of good friends out there. She's just so generous. So generous, but very, very talented. And what what type of of art? This was Susie decline to she loved horses. She always loved horses. Did she ride? She loved riding. In fact, when she was little, and people asked her what she wanted to be when she grew up, she wanted to be a horse or a dog. That's adorable. This is a portrait of the Budweiser Clydesdales. She, she actually the Budweiser plant is out near Fort Collins, Colorado. So she would go out there by the horses. And she cares some horses for anhyzer bush when they had horses that were down. She had to place that. Oh my, keep their Belgians in their Clydesdales form and take care of them. And then she paint the big red wagons. Yes, she also had anhyzer bush. You know, I would see those commercials on television. And I always wished that I could have access to that scene. Yes. And this is a this is a portrait of some Arabians that a friend of hers owned. But yeah, she would do decorative. Well, originally Susie and I did sign painting in this area. We did all the work for Road America. Really? We did Got Sucker Realty, one of the liquor stores in Chicago again. She painted AJ Ford's Amir and Dreadig's Race Cars. She used to do the race cars at Elkhart. Yeah. So we started out doing some sign painting just because it was a good way to make a living and truck lettering. And we used to do all that. And she still did a lot of it out in Colorado, too. Yeah. And then she got this idea about bunnies doing strange things. So and that was that was more aimed toward children just like your art is a lot of it is aimed toward children. But this one was called Angel Hair. It was called the hairline. All of the prints had hair in them. So there was rabbit hair dressing and hair. Oh, okay. And a receding hairline. With the bunnies back. So it was something. It was something. Okay. A little plan words. Yes. Yeah. Hair pulling. There was a grandma rabbit trying to pull her baby into the doctor's office. And what was interesting is she like the bed that's on that picture was a bed that we had when we were little. Oh, and she would put like one of the pictures has a table that our grandpa was a carpenter and he had made that table. And so that table was in her drawing. Some of the wallpapers that were in our houses. Wallpaper from our grandma Elsie's house when we were real little kids. And then she also did dogs. This is called librarian. Oh, that's adorable. It's made cute. So she's yeah, she had a shellty from a storm. It's a shellty with a rain umbrella. There was Betty Cocker, which was a Cocker spaniel mixing and cake. Yeah. Cookies. Yeah. This was retrieving a file. What an imagination. Oh, she was wild. She was. Oh, gosh. I think of all of us, she had the strangest imagination. Well, maybe maybe a more a little more to the comical. Oh, no, she was so funny. Yeah. There was no one funnier than Susie. So I'm sorry for your loss. And I'm in the art world. She's still here. She's still here. She's still here. She makes me laugh some days. Well, you know, I think that that the three of you and the and the two the two of you are just so fascinating because you're you're so close and the bond between the three of you was so great. Was there much of a difference in your age group? No, it was me and then her and then about 13 months apart. Yeah. And 13 months apart. Okay. So you were all really close together in age. And didn't always get along so good. Didn't always get along so good. Mostly because of boys. Mostly because of boys. Yeah. Oh, girls don't even go. Yeah, I know. Stick with the art. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. And and do you have anything in, you know, in the future that you would like to embark on? Are you thinking anything of, I mean, any new paintings, anything that you I mean, we're almost out of time. But I guess what I want to know, Teresa, is there is there anything that you haven't painted yet that you long to paint? I just I see paintings all the time. So I don't think I have enough time to do all the paintings I want to do. I knew that answer was going to be that I knew it. Because that's the same way I am. You were just in Italy. You know, there's a whole new problem for you. How many paintings did you see there? Oh, I know. I'm just dying to go there. I can't believe we're out of time already. This has been such a wonderful, beautiful conversation with two very talented, beautiful women. And I appreciate you so much for being on the show today. Once again, Teresa Randall and Patty Strom. Thank you so much. Thank you. Once again, this is Kitty Lynn Klisch with Gallery Works. Don't miss the next show because it'll be another good one. Bye bye for now.

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The Hawaii Small Business Development Center (Adventures In Small Business)

Who exactly is the Hawaii SBDC and what does that mean for small businesses in Hawaii?. This week on Adventures in Small Business, Cathy Wiltse shares who the Hawaii SBDC is and what does that mean for small businesses in Hawaii? The host for this episode is Cathy Wilts. hinkTech Hawaii streams live on the Internet from 11:00 am to 5:00 pm every weekday afternoon, Hawaii Time, then streaming earlier shows through the night. Check us out any time for great content and great community. Our vision is to be a leader in shaping a more vital and thriving Hawaii as the foundation for future generations. Our mission is to be the leading digital media platform raising public awareness and promoting civic engagement in Hawaii.

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Welcome to Adventures in Small Business. This broadcast is a collaborative effort between the U.S. Small Business Administration, the Hawaii District Office of the SBA, the Small Business Development Centers, also known as the SBDCs, and the Patsy Mink Business and Leadership Center, as well as the VBAC Veterans Business Outreach Center of the Pacific. So those four business resource partners are available to all of you in the state of Hawaii. In particular, I am from the Small Business Development Centers, and I am the state director. My name is Kathy Wiltsi, and I wanted to basically today go a little bit off of what we normally do is feature success stories of our clients, but due to a scheduling change, I'm here today to just tell you more about who the Hawaii SBDC is and how they can help you, particularly if you are a small business in the state of Hawaii. So the SBDC is a business assistance program. We offer one-on-one business counseling to both existing businesses and people who want to start a business in the state. The SBDCs are readily accessible because we have offices on five different offices on four islands. There are two on the big island, Hawaii Island, an office in Hilo and an office in Kona, and also offices on Maui, Oahu, and Kauai. So we are available on each of the islands, so that's a definite benefit. We are not just on Oahu. Many people think that the assistance available is only Oahu-centric, and we are definitely not. So I wanted to make sure everyone understood that. Primarily, we offer a lot of services, and the best way to learn more about us and access our information is at our website, which is hisbdc.org, so hawaisbdc.org. On that website, as soon as you log in, you would see a home page that has a list of services and many of the features, and even our locations, the details on where you can find us, information on how you would sign up for services, both one-on-one counseling and for our training events. The one-on-one counseling is a free service because we are funded in part by the SBA as well as we have state matching funding in order to bring this program to the Hawaii residents. And we also offer very low-cost events based on recognized needs of the businesses and what we are told is relevant to helping businesses out. The services you will see listed on that home page include business strategy and planning, capitalization and funding resources, financial management, human resources management, marketing strategies, which include both traditional marketing approaches for business as well as more recently a focus on how to utilize social media as a way to reach out to the public and or perhaps your other business clients that you may sell to. We also do feasibility studies, so that is generally if people are looking at a USDA alone, often in the agricultural area, we can assist with feasibility studies and make your company or your idea presentable or viable for developing financing. We also offer government contracting now, so if you are a regular business who sells business to business or to the general public, that is one area of service. The second area of service is for general contract or government contracting. And when we say government contracting, we mean all the way from federal procurement and purchasing to county and excuse me, and state here in the state of Hawaii. So we're working closely with the state offices of procurement and we will be bringing additional information to you and additional training as their new approach to state government contracting is rolled out. Another feature that often is not readily understood is we have a separate entity called the Hawaii Business Research Library, which is part of our organization and it's in the county of Maui, but we service business clients statewide. And the types of research that we can do are, for example, sample business plans, profiles of what a business may be looking for as it relates to competitive, potential competitive companies out there. We can draw up some very specific information for that. And that's also available if you look on our homepage and the services section of what we offer. One thing I would like to talk about now is a little bit of the numbers and how many people we've served over the last year. I'm going to be sharing with you the information on our 2017 results, which actually are very good and we're very proud of the efforts that we have been able to accomplish. In 2017, we served over 1,300 business clients in the state of Hawaii. We created 363 jobs and it says 373 on there, sorry about that. We have 98 business starts, so those were people who had an idea for a business or who were purchasing a business and we were able to provide assistance to them to get that business started and actually set up their licensing and registration and that kind of thing. Capital infusion is a very important accomplishment because it measures the assistance that businesses have received from our counseling in order for them to get, for example, capital into their business. So this number, the 29,415,734, actually shows, it includes the numbers of investment, capital infusion investment by the owner. It includes bank loans, SBA loans, potentially USDA or other government loans, but it is a real reflection on what we've been able to add to the economy here in Hawaii as a result of our efforts. You can also see that we did over 90 business workshops last year and again those are on all islands so you can, the web page indicates to you exactly which classes are on which islands you are able to go to any that seem appropriate for you and you actually sign up by going on to the website and register for classes. The SBDC clients versus average businesses charts here talk about what business in Hawaii accomplishes as far as sales growth and employment growth. The red part is other businesses, not other businesses in Hawaii that just in general, so it's just normal statistics and then the other numbers, the results that were achieved by long-term clients, you can see that for the increase in sales, 14.1% of our clients, they had a growth rate, I'm sorry, of 14.1% compared to other businesses at 4.8% and likewise in the increase in employment, regular businesses were 1.4% and the SBDC client improvement in number of jobs was 13% compared to the 1.4. 98% of our clients found that our services are beneficial and 100% of clients surveyed would recommend our services. Over the last several years, there's a second page to this chart, we actually reflect the numbers and the trends that have been demonstrated and over five years, for example, our capital infusion number was very close to $140 million. We've had over 1400 long-term clients which are clients who spend five or more hours with one-on-one sessions at the SBDC. We've had 424 business starts and the total number of clients is 5,692 training events you can see have steadily increased and we've been able to reach very many people throughout the state and I wanted you to notice that the trends are generally going up so we're very proud of our results and the assistance that we can bring to our Hawaii business clients. When we come back from break, we'll talk about some other specific services and some guidance that may not be intuitively available through the SBDC. Hi, my name is Bill Sharp, host of Asian Review, coming to you from Honolulu, Hawaii, right here in the center of the Pacific Ocean. Asian Review is the oldest of the 35 or so shows broadcast by Think Tech Hawaii. We've been in production since 2009. Our goal is to provide you the viewer with information, breaking information about events in Asia, Asia being anything from Hawaii west to Pakistan, from the Russian Far East south to Australia and New Zealand. We hope to see you every Monday afternoon at 5 p.m. I'm Ethan Allen, your host on Pacific partnerships in education here on Think Tech Hawaii. Every other week, Tuesdays at 3 p.m., we have guests on and talk about the fascinating, interesting and unique partnerships in education that occur across the Pacific Islands with Hawaii, Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, Palau, Guam, all these places have really rich local education programs going on and the exchange among and between these programs is a wealth of great information helping the islands all learn how to survive and thrive in our ever-changing world. I hope you'll join us on Pacific partnerships in education. As promised, I'm going to talk about a couple of other services that are now available at the Small Business Development Centers. One area that is lately obviously very important is the area of cybersecurity. So I wanted everyone to know that there is in fact an online business assessment available on our website. So if you go to our home page and all of this that I'm going to talk about today is accessible on our home page and it features at the lower left corner, you'll see several featured links. On those links, you can connect. The third one down is a cybersecurity online assessment tool and this is both for business to business or business to consumer sales or for government contractors. So if you click on that link, it will bring you to a page that says Small Business Big Threat. Now this is a company that we and several other SBDCs around the nation work with to bring the basics of cybersecurity to businesses. We will also in the coming year be offering some of our own local classes besides this online function that is available. So where you see it say there's a logo at the top of the page once you connect to that link that says Small Business Big Threat. If you click on that logo then it will take you to a page that says how protected is your small business and then there is an option to take the online cybersecurity 101 or for government contractors there's also a version to look at your readiness or preparedness as it relates to cybersecurity issues. So that's a really good feature that we're going to be promoting and wanting people to work closely with their counselors advisors as it relates to cybersecurity. Another area that is really key is disaster preparedness. So one of the I mean as we know flooding in Kauai and Oahu the fire the Marco Polo fire on Oahu currently the lava flow and earthquakes on the Big Island are huge issues in the state of Hawaii. Besides offering our normal services to small businesses we also offer disaster assistance both on the preparedness side as well as the recovery side. So our advisors are available to work with businesses when a disaster occurs and we actually also have links on our page that identify areas other resource partners and other areas that may be of interest in both preparation for disasters as well as the the other federal or other resources that may be available. So one of the one of the available links on that page on our home page is for the Oahu community there is an Oahu disaster assistance referral listing. So that listing it's it's very busy we can't really share it on on screen live but you can download that and it actually goes into areas such as tax relief, agricultural assistance, psychological support, insurance, disaster loans, health concerns, legal concerns as it relates to disasters on Oahu so this this list gives you contact names the agency name contact names and the website or you can get additional information so that's a very valuable piece of information as it relates to disasters. As we get other counties information we will also supply direct links on our home page to those but right now we only have that that one referral guide for Oahu. In general as you know hurricane season is fast approaching and one of the things that you should take a look at on this site and this is both it could be individuals or it could be for businesses but there's a many resources available for disaster preparedness. On our site you'll see kind of a hurricane in the middle of the page down towards the bottom and it says click on this for more information. In that list or once you connect to that page you would see for example there's an SBA disaster preparedness link on there you would go into that SBA information click on planning and then there's actually a hurricane preparedness worksheet that takes you into all the details. Again a lot of information probably we couldn't possibly share all the details but just so you know it is on the website and it's readily accessible. Once a disaster actually occurs we distribute and actually then encourage businesses to use this disaster guide. This is specifically addressed for disaster recovery after something happens as agencies like SBA and FEMA and other people add to the data available on disasters then then we are able to link you to those resources as well as you can speak one on one to a counselor who can help you walk through this whole cumbersome process as you can imagine but the guide actually goes through several areas it's designed there's a workbook that you can use and make notes in there's also additional downloadable forms as it relates to the worksheets that you need to fill out and be thinking about information to pull together on your business and to prepare for your business recovery or if you're going to shut down some of the legal concerns or other issues that may be appropriate at that point in time. So again very very meaningful data that's available there we also when a disaster occurs we our advisors participate in the recovery areas and we will be with for example the county resource partners to help people through the issues that may occur after disaster. So I hope this information has been helpful to you today and you will be able to take a look at our website again that's hisbdc.org and we look forward to seeing you in our offices or in the community. Thank you so much.

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Interpersonal Relationships and Women's Sexual Health

Interpersonal Relationships and Women's Sexual Health

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Guests from Commander Fleet Activities Yacowska visited the U.S. Navy's forward-deployed aircraft carrier USS George Washington to discuss interpersonal relationships and women's sexual health topics. Relationships are really essential in making sure that you can have healthy relationships as key to a successful life. Topics discussed include the effects of operational stress on relationships, long-distance relationships, the importance of family planning and safe sex practices for women. So what we're trying to do is just kind of give a premise on what are some of the foundations of how good communication can happen, what are some of those challenges and barriers in all different types of relationships. For USS George Washington, I'm Petty Officer Ricardo Guzman.

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We have emphasized local self-governance: PM Modi

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भाई योर वेनो बोडो अकोड हो या फीर कारभी आंगलांग का समजोता लोकल सेड़्द गवनन्स इच पर हमने बहुत बल दिया है केंद्र सरकार का भीते शाथ आज शालते ये निरन्तर प्र्यात रहा है किस्तानिय शासन की सूंस्ता हो उनको अदिक पार्दर्षी बनाया जाए कारभी आंगलांग आंड अट्वन्वास काून्सिल को या पिर तुस्रे स्थानिय संथान इन पर ये बहुत बडी जिंभेदारी है केंद्र और राजे की योजनाओ को देज गती से गाँगाओ पहुताने का जन सुभीदा, जन कल्यान, और जन भागिदारी ये हम सभी की प्राध्विखता है

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UP Teachers Vacancy 2023,New Commission, Upcoming Jobs, Bihar Teacher Vacancy Update.. Ravi P Tiwari

Bihar Teacher TargetOn से संबंधित हमारे निःशुल्क टेलीग्राम चैनल को नीचे दिए गए लिंक से अवश्य Join कर लें, ताकि महत्वपूर्ण जानकारियाँ आपको त्वरित रूप से प्राप्त हो सकें👇 https://telegram.me/BiharTeachersTargeton Bihar Teacher TargetOn बैच में प्रवेश प्राप्त करने के लिए इस लिंक पर क्लिक करके गूगल फॉर्म को भर दें। यह रहा लिंक 👇 https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLScsf28W2OBgnbYy91pSY-zkoz-4zlIryo6NBEdWdFC-2RfZlg/viewform?usp=sf_link हमारे एप्लीकेशन को डाउनलोड करने के लिए , नीचे दिए गए लिंक पे क्लिक करें https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.targetwithalok.app किसी भी जानकारी के लिए आप हमें इन नम्बरों पर सुबह 10 AM से शाम 7 PM तक फ़ोन कॉल करके सम्पूर्ण जानकारी प्राप्त कर सकते हैं | 9076605751 9076605752 9076605753 9076605754 9076605755 ____________________________________________________________ Follow us: - 👉 Facebook :- https://www.facebook.com/TARGETwithAlok 👉 Telegram :- http://telegram.me/aloksir 👉 Instagram :- https://instagram.com/targetwithalok_official?igshid=ZDdkNTZiNTM= 👉 Twitter :- https://twitter.com/targetwithalok 👉 Website :- http://targetwithalok.in 👉 YouTube :- https://www.youtube.com/c/TARGETwithalok 👉Application: - https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.targetwithalok.app ____________________________________________________________ #call_us_9721026382_free_counseling

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नवस्का श्वागा थे अप सविलों कापके अपनो हून्लान इस्टी तो तार्गिर बितालोप में मैं रवी तिवारी वो मेरे साथ है मेरे परमादाने आमरिद वच्सर जोगी अभी आपको भिखेंगे और हम दोनो लोग आज एक महतपोड भिडियो आप सविलों के लिए करनाचार हैं तरने चल लहें और इस भिडियो को में एक भेंण निसे सुरू करनाचा होगा एक दने मेराज मेरे सपने में या आगे और यमराज ने मुस्से का चलो वच्स अप तुमारे चलने का समर होगया है तो मैंने का चा टीक है, फिर नो नो मुस्से पूचा है क्या को याखरी ख़ायस है मैंने का हा, जिन बच्छों को मैंने पडाया है उनका मैं तीजी ती पीजी ती यूपी तेट तो सुपर तेट का अग्जाम होते विर देखना चायता हूँ तो जोर जोर से हस्पे लगे, वोले वत समज तु आमर होगा चायता है चली है, हम लोगे यही प्रियास करते है, हमेंसा आतें के आप लोगों को इतने नगर नकारत्मक माहल में भी को सकारत्मक दे सके है कुछ एसी ख़वरे हूँ, जो आप को हम लोग बता सके जिससे कि बहुत सारे प्रिक्षारती लागों की संख्या में आसे है, जो परिक्षार की तेयारी कर रहे है कुछ आपके चहरों पर हसी आचके, इसले हम लोग अपको भी दाव के लगा तेर चली है, आप प्रिमभी जीने मरने की खमर होगा है, तो कोई बात नहीं है आप इस नकारत्बाक महूल में कुस तुप्रसन लोहो, हम लोग बी लगातर इस प्रियास को देखने है, सनवरत प्रियास को देखने है किस फरिकार सिख्चायोक का गठठनोरा है, किस प्रिकार रिपोट सोब लगे जाहें, जोभी छीजे है, तो तो उपने लगाँ बाग़ी लिए चीजे है, कप तक आप की परिक्ष्झा लें हो सकती है, तो कि अच्छे समय में भी आपके साथ रहना आप, उपके साथ रहना है, यही एक भो होता है, कि बआई साथ हमरा लें साथ बना रहें, चीजे हमसा बना रहें, अगले हबते और अगले दस दन मुझो प्रगती हो सकती है, वो क्या प्रगती है, और क्यों सी वो सुखकत ख़ा रहा है, तेखे आदर लिए हमस जीजे है, जो बारा सदसी समथ गत्ट की गडठ की गगे ती, अपना रिए प्रस्तुट कर दी है, अप सरकार के पास चला गया है, सरकार इस पर लगभाग दिसीजियन वो ले चुकी है, और ले कर के अव उन मेंवरो की लिए नुप्ती करने पर, जो उने पहले ही अदिया चन निकालात है मेंवरो के लिए, अस्सब फ्र कारवाई इनुद प्रारंप कर दिया है. तो जो निकल कर बाते आची है, वो बाते आची हैं, यस में जेसे आब देखे कहे राज में चिछह से वचैनायो का परारुप तेयार होगया है, फुरी दाप्तिं क्यों तेयार होगया है, अगर ज़ापटिन का सबसे महत्पून एक विन्दू आब जन लिज़े जो निकल कर किया है अगर उद्चेता को लेकर की योगेता क्या होगी चुकी चैन बोड लिएस में किया मरज किया जा रहा है अब ये बात आती है कि हम ये गतन कब तक हो जाएगा? तो ये गतन जो अभी अद्दक्छ और इंको मेंपर को लेकर के जो भात हुई है ये मान कर चलिये कि जुन लास्ट में ये गतन कर देंगे यानी गतन का जो आपको पुरा नहाचा अवर कर आगा 10-15 दिनो में आपको निकल कर के या जाएगा वूअंके चिवारा या क्या गा जा अप है यानी हम ये ट्म मोग में क्चीवान कर चलते है, वो डोच में एक व्र कर चलते है ञाँत लों और चाएगा, ये आपको इस गतन कर दे है अदरन्दी दबिसर बताएंगे आपको दिखी अबवेटिट वेखन्सी जो आप लों की है आप लुग भी समझना है कि भै तीजी ती पीजी ती का फुम बराजा चुका है ल्टी ग्रेट का दियाचन है यूपिटेट दोवर्स से नहीं हूँँ आई तो जब महोल बन रात है तो हमने भीएट मेड्वीसर लियागा तो जब दिन अज रुग जाए तो हमरे भीएट फाणल हो जाए था तो चली थ ठीक है कोई भात नहीं जोग सपात है तो अची बात है बीएट फाणल हो जा तो दिखे जोवी वेखन्सी यह वो आनी है बात नहीं रों। उईगा यह जोवी वेखन्सी वेखन्सी बहुत सब चद सद शध शहसे हैं जो अवरेज हो चुके है अवरेज पूच नहीं दिखे जी सब रही के से काम चल ला है आजट कोई बुइ भी नहीं लगता कोई सब नहीं तेजग हो जाएगी चदत्राद्मक्नाव, पूए पूग चले आतें कि बही चलिए थेख आप टीख है इतना बड़ा 17-18 लाग विँंग़ों कवरगगर जोडा हूए तो हम लोंके भी नेटिक जिभ्दम आदी है कि जो आपके बीच का कथिन समः है अन्दूलन की पड़ाई सुरू होगी कल से पड़ाई प्रारंब हो जाएगी कि बहुत साभी लोगो में उद पूल्शन कोमन है तो कल साम से भिहार की पड़ाई को हम लोग प्रारंब कर रहे हैं साम को च्याबजे से हमारे अद्ध्यापक, हमारे तीम बास्तो में जितनी तेजाई होनी जाएगे जिस तरीके से काम होना जीए वैसे नहीं होता तो में सुरवात ही एक अच्छिच से किया है उम्मिन है आप बारे साभ होगी तीके, वैकंसी जरू रहे है वैकंसी की कोई दिक्टप नहीं है तो वैकंसी का इंतजार करते है तो निवेद नहीं है एक भाई जेसे सब चीजे सब आसे करते हो वैकंसी भी सब आप दिकों बाखि हम हम सभी लोग पुर तार्गी बे तालो हर परस्तितित ही में आपके साभ है भाई और वो यह सी बापने अरन्त सुब कामना है इस्वर इन सब को सद्बुद्दी दे है ना प्रात्ना है आपके लिए वैकंसी आई और इसी सद्बुद्दी की कामना के साभ इस बॉदियो पास सब आप करते है

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Episode 720: Dr. Molly Maloof- High Performance MD to Silicon Valley Executives

720: Dr. Molly Maloof- High Performance MD to Silicon Valley Executives Would you pay $40K/year to optimize your health? If you are a wealthy Silicon Valley executive or investor who can afford concierge medical services, you would. One MD you would turn to is Dr. Molly Maloof, who uses the latest tests, wearables, etc to create a customized diet, lifestyle and supplementation plan for her patients designed to optimize their health and performance. Sal and Justin met Dr. Molly in San Francisco at a biohacker conference and her blunt approach immediately piqued their interest. In the episode Sal, Adam & Justin have an engaging conversation with Dr. Molly about her practice and philosophy and the future of health care and longevity. Subscribe to Mind Pump Radio: Official website : http://www.mindpumpmedia.com/ Find Mind Pump on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/mindpumpradio/ On Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/mindpumpshow And Twitter: https://twitter.com/mindpump

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If you want to pump your body and expand your mind, there's only one place to go. Mind pump, mind pump, with your hosts. Sal DeStefano, Adam Schaefer, and Justin Andrews. I'm super excited to introduce this lady to everybody. I think she is a super, God, I can't swear. It's so, it's so hard for me right now. We got kids in here right now, so gotta be careful what we say. We've got the daughters inside here, and I was gonna say she's a bad mofo, and I'm excited to bring her on board with Mind Pump. I look forward to some of the things that we're gonna do in the future. I believe going forward we discussed, I don't know if we discussed it in this upcoming episode. We did, we hope to have her on again. So I saw the first time I met Dr. Mollie, I was at this event where there were these bio-hackers and nutrition experts that were speaking, and there was a guy that was a representative from Soylent. Oh yeah. Soylent is that powder, that is a meal replacement powder, but they kind of advertise it to Silicon Valley people, like you never have to get out of your desk, you just drink this and never have to eat. Wasn't she the only other one besides you that was kind of giving this guy some flak? Well, she was on the panel with him, so he goes first, then it gets to her, and she looks at him, and she basically says, your product's garbage, like on the panel with him in front of the whole crowd, and everybody's like, oh my, it was so uncomfortable, but she kept going, and I was like, I need to get her on the show. That's our type of people, right? You're on a panel with two other people, like I'm sure they're thinking you're going to agree with him, but her integrity is way too solid for her to even do that, that she's got to speak out and talk to her. I loved it. She's, I mean, super intelligent, very charismatic. She's known as the biohacking doctor. She combines, I mean, she's an actual MD, but she does talk a lot about some of the practices from other forms of medicine, like Eastern medicine or other types, basically other beliefs. She's very holistic in her approach, but she's also very scientific, and she's also very entertaining. So one of my favorite guests, I think. I can't wait to have her back on. Yeah, no, I think eventually, and we'll see what kind of feedback that we get from our audience. Maybe down the road, we'll end up doing something where we have like a Ask Dr. Molly, and she becomes kind of a regular on the show if everybody receives her really well. We do, I think we appreciate her. She's right up the road from us. She's up in San Francisco, so it's not much to ask for her to come down here. So I hope you guys enjoy her as much as we enjoy her. She's awesome. Also, this month, you can get access to our forum, which is probably by far, I would say, Adam, I don't know if you agree with me, the most valuable thing that we offer. Yeah, because I don't think a lot of people realize how active the three of us are on there. I mean, every day, one of us is on there answering questions. And besides us, I mean, we've now filled it with all these other PhDs and nurses and trainers and doctors. I mean, there's just a lot of brilliant minds inside there. Some of our Dr. Michael Ruscio's in there, Robert Overs is in there, Ben Pollock's in there. You've got Dr. Jordan Shallows in there. So aside from just us boys in there answering questions, there's a lot of brilliant minds in there and plenty of people that I'm missing right now. It's a great community. And normally you have to pay to get in there, but we're gonna give it to you for free this month if you enroll in any of our maps, bundles, including our Super Bundle, which is the Cadillac, right? That's all of our maps programs, or at least most of them. And it's a year's worth of exercise programming. So for more information on that, just go to mindpumpmedia.com. And without any further ado, here we are talking to Dr. Molly Maloof. Now you can find her on Instagram at Dr. Molly, that's D-R-M-O-L-L-O-Y dot C-O. So at Dr. Molly dot C-O, that's Instagram. And then on Twitter, she's at Molly Maloof M-D. So here we are talking to Dr. Molly. You wanna bring the mic like this? You wanna hold it by the arm and bring it really close to your face. Like this. Oh, you hear that, the arm. You got a good radio voice. Oh, thank you, thank you. I didn't always have such a good voice. I had to get a speech coach. Did you really? Really? What was your voice like before? Do it. I would, no, I can't. Like it basically, I had hemorrhaged my vocal cords. And so, I had like, what were you doing? Just overuse. Like I was literally just talking too much and talking inappropriately, like without breathing appropriately. Oh. So. So you had that kind of like demi-more. Yeah. Oh, okay. Yeah, I was basically hoarse all the time. Oh. Some people like that. When I get sick a little bit, I'm like, I think I sound better. Mm. No. I was having a trouble. I was speaking, I was doing a lot of public speaking that year. And it was like not going well. So I had to fix it. So I, when I met you, it was at, what was it that we went to just this biohacking club? Oh, it was the hustle. The hustle. That's right. So we show up, Taylor brings us and he's like, oh, I want you guys to come. There's gonna be some people talking about health. Right. And stuff. And we're like, we'll be good. We'll meet whatever. So we go to this thing and there's a crowd of people. It's mostly these like tech kids that are kind of there. So I'm like, okay, whatever. Let's see what's going on. And there were three people on, I think it was three of you, right? On the panel. There was you. There was- Jeffrey Wu from Human. From Human. And then there was some dude from- Soylent. Soylent. Yeah, one of the founders was Soylent. Soylent. Left. Right. And so he's going first, the guy from Soylent. And he's talking about- Pitching his product. He's talking about how great his product is. And it's basically processed to shit, powder, replacement, meal replacements, which has been around forever. And he's talking about how awesome it is. And it frees up your time. And it's so good for you. And I'm sitting there biting my lip. And I'm like, when it's time to ask questions, I'm gonna let him have it. So I'm getting ready, right? But before they let us ask questions, they're going down the panel. And then- They get to me. And then Molly goes up and she rips him. She's on the same panel with him. We almost started applauding. She ripped him. She's like, actually- Oh, shit. She's like, actually- Get him! She's like, that's not real food. And I don't really think that's real. I think I called it dead food. Yeah, it's dead food. And then he tried to come back and he was like, it's food. And then you're like, no, it's not. And then- Where did you find this? It was hilarious. And then I raised my hand and I kind of dug into him a little bit too. And I'm like, I want to talk to her. Like, I want her on my show because you were so blunt. And so like- I love whatever comment you said about Aubrey de Grey too. Oh, I was so mean. Oh, it was so great. It was so great. Yeah, I feel like I see these people in the media and they're like, they claim to be experts in what they're doing. And like, at the end of the day, you look at the way that they live their lives and you're like, are you actually living in a way that promotes what you want to achieve? And like, Aubrey de Grey, I think maybe I shouldn't have made this comment but I made a comment about how I heard his wife was a smoker and I'm like, if you really want to live a long time, you wouldn't be living with a smoker. Yeah. But you also said he looks like he's 150. He does look 150. Exactly. He does. He's the CEO of Swayler, right? How old is he? No, no, no, no, no. I know, Aubrey de Grey is about like the Sense Foundation. How old is he? He's like a longevity expert, right? How old is his man? Oh, he's 50 something? Oh no way. I don't know, he's like 20, 30 years older than he looks. He literally looks 30 years old. Yeah, he looks like the wizard from Whatchamacala. That's what he looks like. Well, we gotta look him up. We gotta look him up. Okay, but you know what's really funny, guys? I went to the A4M conference two years ago when I spoke there, and I was really surprised at like how old people looked. And I think that there is something to be said about like why people pursue different goals in their lives. And maybe it's because they're predisposed to premature aging. And that's why they're going for it. And that's why they're going for it. There he is. He's 54 years old, told you. That's ridiculous. He looks like he's 74. He does look like he's... Doesn't he look 74? He does. You know what it is? He's like a mix between ZZ Top and a wizard. So how did he get famous? I mean, where did he... He's just a researcher about like the fundamental molecular mechanisms of aging and believes that we can reverse it and that it's a disease that you can treat. And I'm just not a believer that like aging is a disease. I think aging is a part of life. And the way that we're designed as biological beings in the world, we're not unfortunately... We're not like the jellyfish that get to age and reverse. Like we're humans. And so we're probably gonna get old and age. And if there's a lot of people in Silicon Valley who just believe that it should be stopped. And it really started with Peter Thiel. Like he... I think he really promoted... And I think he actually funded part of... I could be wrong on this, but he might have funded Aubrey at one point. But there's like sort of like a whole cadre of people who just really wanna live forever. And... Is it because they're afraid of dying, I think, more than anything, right? I don't know if it's afraid of dying in as much as I think a lot of people are afraid of being forgotten. And I think a lot of what you see with the whole aging community, anti-aging community of Silicon Valley is, they all want this modern day version of mummification. So they either wanna be uploaded into a computer, which would be like preserving them till antiquity or they want to be preserved in terms of... Like I have friends who are literally of tattoos on their body that are instructions of what to do to their body if they die. And it's about cryopreservation. So they're literally like... They have an insurance policy that will basically pay for cryopreservation for later in life if they die. That sounds like such an ego thing, right? I think it's mummification. And I think that if we were to do that with a bunch of people in like 100 years, it'd be super interesting to study those bodies, but we're not bringing them back. I have to ask, how accurate, have you ever seen that show Silicon Valley? Oh my God, it's so accurate. Blood boys and all that kind of stuff. Okay, okay, okay. So that story I think was... Okay, so I'm friends with some of the doctors that some of these well-known billionaires in Silicon Valley work, they work together. And it's very clear in a lot of public media disclosures that Peter Thiel has invested in life-expanding technologies. And he's got a fund, Thiel Capital does invest in biotechnology that is aiming to extend life. And they were looking at that company. Like the problem is that story got totally turned into Peter Thiel gets the blood of young boys in his body. That's some weird vampire thing. Which like, I don't think that's necessarily true. I don't know if it's false, but I think that that story got kind of overblown a bit. And yeah, I don't know if he's actually doing that. But for the most part, a lot of what's in that show is really true. Oh my God, it's really scary. Like it's literally scary. Like how accurate it is. Like the weird offices that people have in some of the earlier stage companies, like the hacker houses, like those are all over San Francisco. Like tons of companies work out of houses and people kind of like, or like dysfunctional humans kind of growing up, becoming like these Peter Pan boys. Oh wow, so let's back up for a second. And if you could tell our audience your background a little bit before we get into this. Yeah, we gotta just like jump into Zilligan Valley. That's how we do it. Okay, so my name is Dr. Molly Maloof. And I started my career in San Francisco working as a physician who really my aim was to optimize health with my practice. But prior to that I was working for a company called Metamed that provided personalized medical research to super wealthy individuals who wanted a research team to figure out what was wrong with their health. So I've got a background in research and background of optimizing health. And I've been sort of a big part of this data-driven movement around understanding what health is. And concurrently as I was building this medical practice, I was working with tech startups because building medical practice costs a lot of money. And I didn't wanna take any loans out because I already had loans. So I did consulting gigs with a bunch of tech companies. And I started advising technology companies. And you're advising them on health practices and stuff? Mostly around clinical strategy, product development, clinical research, scientific marketing. Those are like the four buckets that I would do the most work in. And over the last few years I've worked with a lot of really amazing people both as patients but also as companies. And now my sort of next chapter of my career is figuring out how to scale me. So that's the next plan. So you do at the moment you still practice or you do concierge? It's a concierge model. I wish it were something that were scalable right now but I do really large data collection modalities on people. So I'm gathering clinical exomes. I'm gathering metabolomics, clinical chemistry markers, microbiome tests, hormone testing and these are all just like hundreds of biomarkers at a time. What's your typical client? My typical client is an executive or an investor in San Francisco who either has a health problem that no one has been able to solve or they have a desire to sort of optimize their health but they don't wanna do it all themselves and they want someone to sort of be there with them. What are you seeing? Is there anything in common with a lot of these guys and girls? I guess surprisingly there's a lot of people who are really into biohacking. I mean, not surprisingly. And a lot of the people that come to me with spreadsheets that they're already doing on their health, these are really, people who are very interested in understanding their body and understanding what's going on inside them and they want someone who's got domain expertise to help them make sense of their data. It seems like Western medicine sometimes feels like it moves so slow but then I have someone like you and you're like on the cutting edge and you're saying things and talking about things that a lot of practicing doctors don't even learn about. It's interesting because we know a lot of these biohacking tools and different devices that are out there but like to have somebody to actually interpret all that data and then put it into like a health plan that's something I haven't really heard anybody doing yet. So are you pretty much like- That's like a lot of what I do. And I type, I mean one of the problems is like I'm typing like 20 page reports for people and there comes a point where you're like is this really what I want to be doing with my day? Do I really, one of my goals is just to not be in front of a computer as much this year. So I've taken less patience on and I've been doing a bit more consulting and traveling to LA and doing more media work and talking to product companies. What do you see as the cutting edge right now? Cause I see a lot of research on microbiome, a lot of research on fasting. Like what looks promising right now? So one of the things that I have on today and that I'm carrying with me is this continuous glucose monitor. And I mean there was actually a study in the Wall Street Journal yesterday about the microbiome and the biochemical individuality we have towards food. Like our individual reactions are different and so one of the best tools to understand that feedback loop is a CGM. And the reason why is because you literally can see direct feedback in the moment of what you're doing with your body on a day to day basis. So I went, if I eat, if I eat sugar, it shows and cause I'm not eating sugar, right? And now I'm keto for like the last two days and you can literally see a flat line. And then like last week I was super stressed out and you see a more variable curve. And so this is like, this is to me like really, really, really, really important to the future of medicine because anything that can be in the moment and give you feedback can help you change behavior faster. There's not that lag time. No, that's totally agree. That's gotta be prescribed to you though right now, right? So right now you have to, I have to buy these and then give them to patients but you can actually get a prescription from your doctor to pick these up at Walgreens now. But the demand is so high that Abbott literally emailed me and said, we'd like to give you a discount on the devices you just ordered because they're gonna expire soon because we've got such demand that like we need to get rid of these. And I was like, sure, I'm gonna use them in the next month anyway. So yeah, it's crazy. And what you said makes perfect sense because if I have the monitor on and I can see that what I ate at this moment caused this change and then I can connect that to how I feel, I'm much more likely. When you put those on for the first time, did it just strengthen what you had already observed within yourself? In other words, like you notice like, oh, I kind of feel crappy when I eat these tips of things. Then you put that on and you're like, oh, there it is. So I think one of the most interesting things I discovered was that like there's so many people promoting plant-based diets and I'm really plant-based at the most part. I'm an omnivore, I eat meat, but I eat a lot of vegetables like a ton. But I don't do well with grains. And this showed me, like this will show you that if I eat a lot of grains, like I see abnormal blood sugars. And so I'm all about us figuring out what is the right diet that works for us? And for me, it just happens to be not a high-grain diet. Is it all grains, like rice, buckwheat, wheat? Like maybe I'll do occasionally a little bit of rice, but like last time I did that, I could see my blood sugar wasn't great. And how does that feel when that happens? I don't feel, it's kind of like the typical storyline that you get around like the spike in the crash. It's just that insulin spike and that blood sugar drop that you notice, it's sort of the delta that makes the biggest feeling change that I've noticed. And then the fact that you just get so hungry afterwards, right? Promotes overeating, I think. It does. And so, I don't know, I'm not anti-grain. I think that there's a lot of people who thrive on it, and I'm just not one of those people. And I have celiac, so I think that there's a risk for auto-immunity and for issues around grains. And I think the auto-immune paleo diets really taking off because there's so many auto-immune people in our country. Oh, for sure. And it's because our guts are so dysfunctional, right? And our guts are dysfunctional because of the way that we have preservatives in our foods. We don't eat enough probiotic foods. We have taken way too many antibiotics in our lifetime. We know our water quality isn't awesome. We over-consume. We over-consume, which is definitely gonna release lipopolysaccharide into your bloodstream. We are way too stressed out, which can cause leaky gut alone. And then, like, plenty of people, like, we're raised on formula and weren't breastfed and we're had C-sections. So, like, perfect storm of gut dysfunction. It's not surprising we have auto-immunity as an epidemic in this country. Had you said what you just said right now, which, by the way, coming from a doctor is so awesome because when I would talk like this, seven years ago, I had a lot of clients that were doctors. I used to have a wellness facility next to a hospital. And I would talk like this and I'd get eye rolls and laughs and chuckles. And, I mean, to hear a doctor talking like this, like, this is what wellness, you know, crunchy wellness experts were saying five to 10 years ago. Now, you're saying this, are your peers like, are you getting any pushback from your peers or is this becoming a new? I got pushback seven years ago when I was in my residency. I got pushback in medical school, like, 10 years ago. I mean, like, I was trying to teach my teachers that calories in, calories out wasn't accurate anymore and that there's, like, we have an individual metabolism that will change based on what we eat. And they were like, no, no, no, no, that doesn't make any sense. And they were just teaching us old science and at the same time, we were learning about the microbiome and we were learning about these things, but they weren't really being put into practice. And frankly, I got so fed up in my residency that I said, okay, I'm gonna resign and I'm gonna get my license and I'm gonna get my DEA license and I'm gonna be a doctor, but I'm gonna do it my way. And so I took a giant risk. Like, I left my residency halfway through. And a lot of people told me that I was making the biggest mistake of my life. My parents were beyond pissed off at me. My peers were like, well, you know, it's good you figure this out now instead of later. And then other peers were like, you need a backup plan. What are you thinking? And at the same time, I was just like, I'm gonna go find a job and I'm gonna find a job that, like, works for me and I found a job that doubled my income, have my work hours, enabled me to stay afloat while I got my license because it took me a little while to get it because you have to, like, explain to the California Mechelboard why you left. You left your residency. Yeah. And so that was a little bit of, you know, I was kind of a little bit of trouble, but then I got out of it, got my license. And the next thing I know, like, I, you know, my mentors were these doctors to Silicon Valley Elite. And I said, okay, if you can optimize health for a living, I wanna do what you do and you're gonna teach me. And they were like, read this textbook. And so my friend, Jason bought me this textbook called the Textbook of Functional Medicine. And so that's where I really got my basic understanding of how to optimize health was using functional medicine. That's excellent. Now, back to the Continua Glucose Monitor, you were talking about how individual people can be. And I read in Wired to Eat, Rob Wolf wrote that book. I need to read that. About how, like, you'd have someone who would have a stronger insulin response with, you know, an avocado than they would with a grain, for example, which you would totally not expect. And he's saying how, when we interviewed him, I asked him about this and he says, you know, he thinks that there may be an immune reaction that's happening, because an immune reaction will cause a spike in cortisol which is then released. So is that, you think that's what's going on? I think that, like, this is something that needs so much research. Cause I had a friend who was an immunologist and he did some n equals one studies on himself before and after eliminating sugar and what it did to his immune system. And he literally saw his immune system age reverse. Like, he saw this stuff happening to himself and, you know, it needs some funding behind it. But I think that there's a lot to be said about what's harming our immune system with the food we eat now. And then also, if we're eating foods that our body doesn't want and it's causing leaky gut, then you would see it in immune response, right? Like, you would see your body reacting to things. And that, and like, so the problem is, is that all these, like, food reactivity tests, like, I did like four of them at the same time on myself once. And they just haven't been super accurate. Now, what are they testing for? IgG antibodies, I think? There's IgG, there's IgA, there's IgM, there's IgE. And then there's like, you know, so it really depends on the company. And then, like, I have this test sitting in my bathroom waiting to be done on, like, cytokine testing, right? And so, you know, these are single point in time and we have so much to learn. But like, fundamentally, the best test you can do for foods and studies is an elimination diet. Still, right? Still the gold standard. And what surprises me is that there isn't a company that makes this easy. Like, someone should be doing a meal delivery service that's an elimination diet. Oh, geez, that's brilliant. It just needs to exist. Like, somebody listen to this and make this. I will advise, give me some equity, we'll be good. I feel like GreenChef is structured for that, you know what I'm saying? Yeah, they're for structures there, for sure. Right, yeah. Like, if they have, are you familiar with GreenChef? Uh-huh. Yeah, they'll have like Paleo and Keto and vegan and gluten-free. I should talk to them. That would be brilliant. We actually just started, we're gonna start working with them pretty soon. Really? Yeah. Plug. One of the things that I think needs to happen is first of all, it needs to be a prescription. And like, it should be covered by insurance. If it's a gold standard diagnostic test, why is it not covered by insurance? And then the reintroduction should be like an app that you get a reintroduction every day to get a reminder, eat this today, see how you feel. Like, you have to do the tracking. But if you do this, you can really learn about yourself. And like, I have been tracking a few things lately, like grains and dairy. And just like, one of the things that I get is I get like rapid weight gain, like tons of water weight over the, like I'll gain like three pounds in a day. And that's obviously not fat, right? That's inflammation. Yeah. That's inflammation. Water. You know what sucks though is I feel like people, they, a lot of the people you deal with are like these elite level people that are looking to biohack. And a lot of times the people that we deal with, they're already broken and they need help. But there's so many people that are heading down this path. And it's hard to convince those people to start to put this type of work in. I know, I know. I mean, that's the sad thing is people are fundamentally wired to be kind of lazy. Right. And that's just like our evolutionary imperative is like preserve energy. But like, if you really want to be healthy, you should be using your energy, right? Like you should actually be trying harder. I dated a guy who was like super into fitness and he really shifted my mindset around health because he was like, I literally go out of my way to make my life harder on purpose. Like he'll like run to work using a weighted vest. And I'm like, who are you? And he's like, his body was insane. Like he was super ripped. He looked incredible. And it was because he valued the hard work that he put in on a day-to-day basis. So like it is actually work. I make my patients work really hard. In fact, optimizing health is not actually this easy thing to do. It takes effort. And consistency, right? And it's a continuous process that changes throughout your life cycle depending on where you're at. And so it's not this thing that you arrive at. It's this thing that you're consistently doing. I just think we need to change the conversation a little bit because, yes, it's hard and it's tough, but that's what gives things meaning. Like otherwise- Yeah, it's challenging. And you have to be challenged to have meaning. Otherwise you're depressed and bored and you have no, like what is, what are the things all about? I totally agree with you. I mean, think about it this way. You think, look at all the things that you've accomplished yourself. Would it mean anything had they just been given to you? No. It wouldn't mean anything at all. So I think we change the conversation a little bit when people can start to appreciate the process rather than be so focused on the goal. Like if I'm trying to lose 30 pounds and all I think about is a 30 pounds, that may motivate me enough to lose a 30 pounds, but then what happens when I lose it? Like I gain it back or now what? There's a psychological term for that. And I can't remember what it is. Marathon runners get a lot. Well, they'll train really hard for a marathon and then they'll finish the marathon and then they go through the short period of depression afterwards and they don't know what to do because they don't have that goal. It's really all about that process. Yep. Well, you're a very ambitious driven woman. Where does that come from? I was kind of born this way. Like I remember that like, I distinctly remember kindergarten, realizing there was like three different reading groups and there was like the Robins, the Blue Jays and like the Cardinals. And like the Blue Jays were the best. And I was like, holy shit, there's a best group. I have to be the best. Like I just had to be in the best reading group. I mean, like it was super weird. I don't know where it came from. Did you get it from probably one of your parents? I would assume that. You know, my parents are pretty perfectionists. Like they definitely are perfectionists. Like my parents worked really hard to go from like a one, like one room home, the first home to like mansions, right? Like they worked their asses off. And so I saw them growing up. Like I saw our lives changing as we, as they worked harder and produced even more children at the same time. And so I think that rubbed off on me a little bit. And like there are some pros and cons to being perfectionist. I think I'm really still trying to deal with that part of myself. Like I don't think it's necessarily the most healthy thing to be, but like fortunately I've like developed a like a self love and self compassion practice that's like keeping me more grounded. But yeah, I think my parents, but also just like, I don't know, I think- Are you the oldest? Do you have siblings? I'm the second oldest. Second oldest? Yeah, I mean, yeah. In fifth grade, I found my calling, which is really interesting. I actually found like two callings in fifth grade, which is really crazy. Like I built my own first little business in school. Oh wow. And like was making American girl doll clothes and like bedding and selling it to my peers. And like making me these painted paper boxes and my school found out that I was making money. And they were like, you can't do this. And I was just like, oh crap. So now I associated entrepreneurship with like a bad thing. So then I like realized that like, but I had this like deep desire to know what I was supposed to do in this world. And then I just like thought about, frankly this is so cheesy, but I was like, why was I given so much and why are there people starving in Africa? And I was like, this is such a weird thing that I grew up in this family that's so loving. And so it just occurred to me that like medicine would be a way to help a lot of people. And so I decided to become a doctor and like really young age. And like, yeah. So where has the being a perfectionist served you and where has it not served you so much? I think it's served me from the perspective of like, I've just always been the kind of girl who's always had a packed schedule of activities. And I've always been in clubs. I've always run for student government. I've always had to be, you know, I had to have really good grades. I had to be in AP classes. Like it's driven me to do, to challenge myself and see how much I can actually do. But where it doesn't serve is like the unfortunate pervasive culture of beauty in America where you just feel bad about yourself because you're not exactly perfect. And fortunately like, I'm a pretty curvy woman, but I'm not like, I'm not like, you know, I'm not born real thin by any means. But like, there is this like, fortunately there's like a culture of real women's bodies becoming beautiful and not just like the super skinny sad looking model. So I actually feel a lot better about myself. The more society picks up on like different body styles. But yeah, I think that like, I think women's beauty culture is just like pretty toxic. And both like both like physically and then like emotionally. Did you, did you ever go through a phase where relationships and dating was challenging for you being as driven and as intelligent as you are? Did you ever struggle with that? Oh God, the fragile male ego must have a tough time. Yeah, you run over boys or what? Okay, like I feel really bad about talking about this. Nah, we gotta keep it real, this is fucking my problem. Well, yeah, I mean like, I have a tendency to date younger men. And so, you know, like my last, like four boyfriends were in their 20s and I'm in my 30s. Oh, so you just ran game. You just want to teach them. You just, you were telling them what time it was all the time. Yeah, I'm just kind of like. Pool boy syndromes. Fuck, you and my girl get along just fine. I'm the first guy her age that she's ever dated. All the rest of them are like four years younger. Yeah. And I was like, I know why that was. You can fucking manipulate the show. No, no, it's because they have so much energy and they can meet me, you know? Because I have a ton of energy. But no, I think like, actually my biggest problem was in my 20s I was in med school and I was like really so busy studying that I feel like my dating world, my dating like mentality, my dating life got really stunted because like you don't really get to date very much when you're in med school. Like you're kind of delaying your growing up period. And then you're in residency and you just have no time for anything. So there was about six, seven years of my life, like at least six years of my life that like I was legitimately like, I had no idea what I was doing with dating. So when I started dating, I felt like I was really confused. I was like, I don't even know what I'm doing. Like I don't even know like what's going on. Like I don't know what normal people do about this whole dating thing. So I just, I've had a lot of trial and error over the last few years. You know, I didn't know this existed until I started hanging out with doctor buddies that were like in their 30s that a lot of them are like wowing out right now because they put, they sacrificed so much during school. Now they're in a place where, hey, I make good fucking money. I could do whatever I want. And some of them are, I feel like going through some of the shit that I went through like my mid early 20s and shit because they were busy doing school so much. So I have to say that like, I've made a lot of mistakes with men's hearts and I like do have a deep appreciation for the fragile male ego. It's not that fragile actually. I'm gonna make you share more. I wanna know more fucking details on what are some of the things that you've learned? What are your tendencies that you've done to these young boys that are trying to win your attention? I'm the worst. We're on a podcast. I'm literally the worst. People don't know this but you're probably the hottest doctor that I've ever personally met. So I think our audience needs to know that that's part of why I'm asking questions like this. I'm sure that you broke a lot of fucking hearts. You thought Chris Crescer was attractive though. Yeah, he is. Try to keep it real. If it's a male guy, it's hot too. She's probably the best looking female doctor that we've had in here. Oh my God. Well, okay, like I think that like there's been a lot of, over the last few years, there's been a lot of confusion of lust and love for me. So like you meet this person, like I'll literally not be dating for a little while and then I'll be like, all right, I need a boyfriend. So I'm gonna go out and meet someone. And literally like the key is birthday parties is where you meet guys in San Francisco. Because like, especially go to a party where you know like only two people there, great way to meet people, especially if the person throwing the party is someone you really like. Like I'm all about the real life in person meeting. Like I don't really like dating apps. Like I just don't feel like they serve me because there's so much of dating is actually about the physical reaction. But the problem is is that if you base it off of that physical reaction, then you're literally just falling in lust with people. And then like three or four months go by and then you're like, oh shit, do I really like you? I don't like talking to them. You know, like no, or maybe like I really like you as a person. I find you really interesting, but do I really wanna spend the rest of my life with you? And just like, you know, doing that sort of circle, you know, maybe like you get into a relationship in the last like six to nine months. And you're like, what was I doing? Did this again? And then you do it again. And you're like, what did I just do? And how did that happen? So now I've been doing this thing where like I get to know guys before any physical contact. And it drives people crazy, especially because like guys hate when you make them wait, but like, but really getting to know people, it's just the key to like, obviously like figuring out what's right. And so lately, like the last three months, I got out of a relationship. I wanted to start dating, but I didn't wanna jump into a new one. So I basically told all the guys that I was dating, I was like, look, I'm gonna take this like super slow. And like, like snails pay slow. And I'm just like, just so you know, like it's gonna be a while before I'm gonna be ready for anything. But I'm happy to hang out with you and get to know you. Right, right. And I learned so much during that period of time because there was this one guy and he was older, but like I could just tell that like he, I was just like, you really just wanna sleep with me. Like this is pretty much all you want. And it was funny hanging out with him because like he would kind of act like he was interested in me, but then I realized over the course of a few dates that like he had no interest in me at all. Oh wow. And I was like, wow, like I've had interesting conversations with you about current events and interesting things in the world, but you've not asked me anything about myself. So fuck you. Sorry. Kick rock. Are you starting to piece together what that, the attributes that you want in a man? Oh, I have a whole list. Yeah, let's hear them. Yeah. It's like, oh my God. What's the non-negotiables? I mean, I guess the non-negotiables. She has them written down. So one of the things that I realized is like, I really admire and I really like dating entrepreneurs and people who are entrepreneurial. But being in the early stages of an entrepreneurship career are really hard because there's so much up and down. And so I think I will probably end up with somebody older than me who's a little bit more established, who's got a little bit more wiggle room and I don't feel like I'm on a crazy boat to somewhere. You know, like that was with my last relationship. Like he's so much potential. He's going to be so successful. But the ride with him was so up and down that like I just don't know if it was right for me. And then like, you know, there's a certain amount of like emotional maturity that you get from just being older. And so like, even though guys in their 20s are so energetic and they can keep up with me, it's hard to like imagine myself ending up with somebody who like hasn't done all that personal growth work that I think is really required to be in a mature relationship. I feel like too, like maturity seems to be stunted nowadays. Like people are taking longer and longer to become adults. Yeah, but it's really, what's really interesting is like the last four, three guys that I dated that were in their 20s, all of them wanted to have kids and settle down. So like I'm very lucky that I find really great quality men who want the same things that I want. But like I do know that that, like there is a problem of the Peter Pan syndrome in Silicon Valley. And I think that's partially because men are so busy working that they are not working in themselves. And like you have to put the work into yourself just as much as you have to put the work into your relationship. And I think that there's a correlation between putting work into yourself and then investing in your relationship once you have one. Like there's a relationship you have with you and there's a relationship you have with others and both require effort to like become like a flourishing human being. How important is this for total, for health? I think it's huge. I think like especially getting back to that relationship with yourself like you have to truly love yourself to be able to really truly love someone else. And that is like a big problem in our country is people just hating themselves and treating other people poorly because they're so mean to themselves. And I used to do this when I was younger. I was just so, I would literally like just beat myself up for not being perfect. And then that came out in my relationships. Like I wasn't nice to others. I wasn't nice to my family. And like luckily I fixed that within like high school but it still took me a while to like really grow into like this version of myself that like truly tries to be just like compassionate and good to people. Sometimes I'm kind of, I'm still kind of a bitch but like that's because sometimes people deserve it. You have to be sometimes, I think so. It's funny for the longest time I didn't understand what that meant when people say you have to love yourself before you can love someone else. But you're not, if you don't love yourself you're not worthy. You don't feel like you're worthy of someone else's love. And you end up sabotaging things without even realizing it because I'm not worthy of this other person. How do you die? Do you talk about this side of health with your patients as well? Or is there, oh wow. I do. I mean like emotional health and relationship health can be, I literally had a patient who had prediabetes and we discovered it was not her nutrition. It was her relationship that was causing her emotional distress. She was being emotionally abused. Not physically, but emotionally. And that led to her having actual prediabetes and we found this out cause she was wearing a glucose monitor and when she would leave town, I basically told her to do an experiment. I was like, see what happens this summer when you take some time away from him. Oh my gosh, this is brilliant. And she discovered when she would see her family in Portland that her blood sugar would normalize. Wow. And then she would go back home and she ended up having to leave the man. And that's a giant life change. And I did not tell her to do this. She came to the decision on her own. And I just helped her understand what was going on with her body cause she'd been to a very popular clinic in San Francisco. And they said, look, you got prediabetes and she's like, great, what do I do about it? And they were like, I don't know. They were like, they didn't really give her any answers. And so she came to me because she's like, I need to figure this out cause I don't want to get diabetes cause that's really scary. And so we actually reversed her prediabetes. That's crazy. That's insane. How many people you think are dealing with that right now and just have no fucks? Oh my God. So many people in this country are eating their feelings and they have all these food problems because they're so emotionally upset every day. Like this is a huge issue in our country. Well, it's just insane because for the longest time we have done the separating game, right? Oh yeah. You got the human organism but it's not one big thing. We look at, oh, here's your emotions. Here's your mental space. Here's your digestion. Here's your hormones. Sure. We don't talk to each other at all. Yeah. Cause the old way of treating prediabetes would have been like, okay, let's look at your diet. Oh, that's not helping. Let's put you on this medication to help lower blood sugar without even like dealing with the root cause. And the only way you would have known that is with that monitor. Kelly Brogan is someone who if you could get her on your show I would have her because she's this psychiatrist in New York. I actually haven't met her but I read all of her stuff and I follow her. And she's like all about just like this full like 360 degree approach to mental health. And like I've looked at her books and I've seen what she writes about and the same stuff that she writes about those same things that I'm recommending. Like pretty much anybody who's working in functional medicine or chronic disease prevention or trying to like optimize health is looking at a person's lifestyle from every direction. They're looking at their relationships. They're looking at their daily habits. The way that they eat, the way that they drink, the way that they breathe, the way that they work, the way that they sleep. All these things really do contribute to overall health. And like when someone has mental health problems yes there might be a genetic component to it but a lot of it is also lifestyle. Like a lot of it is people not living in a way that actually optimizes the brain's function. And I think a lot of it is gut health problems too. Like I know people who have clear gut dysfunction and they're like trying to study depression and figure out depression from like the molecular mechanisms and I'm just like dude your gut's disordered. Like if you don't heal your gut you're not gonna heal your brain cause your gut has brains too. You know like you have ganglia in your brain. You have nerves and nerve bundles in your gut that are talking to your brain. And that's happening 24 seven. And so like it just, it's just surprising. It's the second brain, right? It's the second brain. It's got the highest, second highest concentration of what serotonin receptors. Absolutely. And I think the heart is supposed to be the third if I'm not mistaken. Exactly, yeah. How funny is that ancient, what do you think about that now? Cause you know what you sound like right now obviously you're Western medicine trained and you understand the scientific method and you follow the process of getting evidence or whatever. But you know what else you sound like? Eastern medicine. Oh yeah. You sound very much like that old wisdom that is Ayurvedic or Eastern medicine or that we've learned. Like have you studied those at all? I have, yeah. I mean I read a lot but I also I'm just my, one of my big goals is to understand like what is really like this like unified theory of health. Like what is like, what does health really mean and what is it made of and why do we have it and why do we need it? And frankly like we need health to meet our purpose in life. If you don't have a purpose in life like what's the point of being healthy, right? Like a lot of people are living just to function, just to stay alive, just to, and they're not thriving and they're not flourishing and they don't have vitality and they don't have any reason to have health. So like why would they want to be healthy besides? And then you get into the whole like evolutionary biology, right? So people want health because they want to attract a mate so that they can reproduce. And that's a reason to actually have health. But the problem with that is that we've got this totally deranged industry of beauty and frankly some of fitness is problematic too. Oh my God, some, some. Sorry, I just try not to like offend people too much. Fucking all of it, he's always talk about this. But like, yeah, so people trying to achieve this certain outcome and then forgetting that like all these products that we're putting on our bodies are potentially inhibiting our fertility, right? Like all these parabens and phthalates and trichlazan like all these endocrine disruptors that are in these beauty products that are in these health products, like. Xenoestrogens. They're not helping you achieve the thing that you're trying to do, which is to attract a mate. They're making you maybe more attractive according to society standards, but they're not actually making you more fertile. So like I'm looking underneath the surface of all these things, right? And trying to figure out like why are we here? What are we doing? And what's the reason why we would need health? Yeah, all the things that we do through the fitness industry really is taking physical signs of, you know, you're attracting this based on your mateability, how healthy you are, how healthy your genes are. And then we distort the shit out of them. So like, okay, a muscular man with a tight waist is probably healthier than someone who's not like that. But let's distort the fuck out of it, put them on steroids and make them look crazy. You know, being curvy on a woman or having certain skin tone or your hair or whatever. Let's distort the hell out of it with all these products and now create the illusion of health through these physical signs. When in reality, all you have to do is be healthy and then you get all of those things. One of the statistics that alarmed me the most when I read it, and that was a second statistic that I learned the other day was men's testosterone levels have been dropping now for I think the past four decades. Oh I know. And then their sperm counts are dropping as well. Do you think that has to do with all the Xenoestrogens and stuff? I do think that it's a symptom of like, well, I mean, let's like think about, this is just a hypothesis, but like birth control emerged around then too, right? And so women are peeing birth control into the water supply. Like that's probably impacting things. There's also the fact that like our health has dramatically changed. Like most people are getting fatter. I'm on birth control, so. And so you get aromatization of testosterone to estrogen. So that's a problem. I learned so much about hormones when I worked for this company called GeneSolve years ago that created an expert system for optimizing health and hormones using personalized nutraceuticals and hormones. And so like we basically create custom compounded medicine for people. And we'd use it based up, we'd basically make it off of their laboratory tests and their genetics. And it was a really cool company. And it worked really well. But the whole time I was asking myself like, whenever there was a young person who would come in, I would always freak out a little bit because I'm like, aren't we gonna disrupt their fertility? Like this won't matter to you if you've already done having kids. But like I know people who've had like, they're basically infertile because they've been on testosterone for like 10 years in their 20s. And the reason why this one patient, the reason why he was on testosterone was because he wanted to meet his, he had pretty much hypogoninism. So he was basically like below 300 testosterone on his labs. And he wanted to reach his goals in the fitness world and he wasn't doing that naturally. So he decided he would go on to testosterone. And he felt a lot better, but then his axis was thrown off. So like, I'm not anti hormones used appropriately. And as we age, we will just see a natural tapering off of a lot of hormones like thyroid, progesterone, testosterone. These are like for women, obviously estrogen. And I will probably take hormones, actually currently take progesterone right now for fibrocystic breasts. But I'm not opposed to hormone use, but I think that like, we do need to look at this like big picture of like the stress in our lives and what that does to our hormone access. Like- Oh, that makes, I tell the guys, so I'm going through the person you just gave an example of. So I had competed at the professional level in bodybuilding. So for about four years there, pretty consistently I was taking synthetic testosterone. And what I started doing about two years ago was every year I would try and come off and then naturally re-boost my testosterone this year I've decided that like I'm going to try, I mean, Katrina and I are talking about potentially having a kid. And when I first initially got on it, I was, I was tested at like 250. My levels were really low and that was partially from my early 20s, fucking around with it, not knowing what I was doing as a kid. And then I really felt it catch up to me. But one of the things that I have noticed more than anything else, and I remember taking 500 milligrams of testosterone a week and not having a sex drive because of stress that was going in my life. So I noticed that more than even the taking a high dosage or not at all of synthetic testosterone. So the way I talk to people now is addressing stress and sleep and all these factors even before anything else. Is there anything that you would recommend for me right now? And that's kind of where I'm at. I'm, you know, sleep stress. Those are my priorities. Weight resistance training, red light therapy. I'm taking some herbal supplements. Yeah, I mean like there was, there's like a bunch of other medicines that people take to like reboot, reboot fertility. Like men actually will use HCG. So I have that. To boost the, to like really get the FSH axis going again. And then I'm trying to think of the other medications right now. I've heard a bodybuilder's taking Tamoxifen or Clomid. Clomid, yeah. I've heard about that as well. I mean, we used to prescribe those at GeneSolve, especially for men who like didn't want to be on testosterone, but they wanted the boost. So yeah, I mean, and then the monitoring really, like getting the regular lab test to see if you're actually making it, if these things are making a difference. You know, I think what's really interesting about this topic is like, if you look at fertility in men, it's not just men, but it's women too. Women are experiencing infertility. And like, we've been doing this giant experiment with women on birth control for the last like 40 years. Oh my God, we need to talk about this because well, I'll tell you what, I, you know, I do some, some coaching of clients. And so many of them will be like, oh, you know, I went off birth control like two years ago, but nothing's been normal. I'm still all over the place. My, my girlfriend, you know, she was on birth control. It took her so long to get normal afterwards. And you think about it like you're on a hormone or one that's mimicking a hormone, whatever, for someone to go on birth control for, you know, 15, 20 years consistently. Yep. What does that do to the body then when you try and come off? Isn't there, there's a negative feedback loop with those hormones as well. Exactly. I mean, like I think that there's, at least I've been, I was just having a conversation over brunch with some women who were like, you know, it's funny. Like I spent my entire 20s trying not to get pregnant. Now I'm in my 30s and trying to get pregnant and it's so hard because I'm just going off birth control. And I'm like, well, these are all the things you can do. You can like, you can use the Ava wristband to track your HRV and I think they do temperature too. I'll have to double check that, but that can help you measure your, your ovulation. You can, I'm doing like a, like a month long menstrual cycle rhythm urine testing. So it's like 21 samples over a month to see what my cycle looks like. I'm measuring LH in my urine through LH test strips. I can actually see if I'm ovulating that way. And then, you know, like I track my cycle through different apps to see if I'm regular or not. So there's so many, like there, first of all, you have to understand what normal is for you and then find out if you're ovulating, find out if there's anything wrong with your luteal cycle. For me, I've been on like the low end of progesterone for a while now and I was kind of hesitant to like, to like start using it as a, as a medicine. But then I spoke to a doctor and I was, I got a breast exam and he's like, yeah, you've got fibrocystic breasts. And I'm like, oh, that must explain why they're so painful before I period. So I did a bunch of research, started on iodine, started on progesterone cream, problem gone. Really? Yeah. And the thing is like, here's the deal. I know my lifestyle is stressful. Part of why people pay me is because they are like, look, I know my lifestyle is stressful. I'm not gonna stop doing all the things that I'm doing. So how can I optimize my health despite my demands? And so like the way I see it is- I love the way you put that, by the way. Like the reality is, is that like, I'm not gonna just like, I have by the way in the past like lighten my workload. But unfortunately, when I do that, I like don't feel as fulfilled. Right, Rob and Peter to pay Paul. What? Rob and Peter to pay Paul. Rob, you're identifying what gives you, I guess, meaning in life or what makes you feel fulfilled. Yeah, I mean, I also just like function better when I have a little bit more stress. Like I need a good baseline amount of stress to like be productive. And once it just gets too much, it becomes problematic. And part of this is like the catecholomethyl transferase enzyme. You guys heard of Compt, the warrior-warrior gene? No. Yeah, so like- Oh, do you have that? I have like the, a mix, a mix warrior-warrior. So I'm right in the middle. So basically like, I needed just enough stress to get me to move. But if I have too much stress, I'm like a disaster. But a lot of like entrepreneurs that I meet in investors, they like really do need a lot of stress to be at their best. And so the problem is that like, they need someone to help them maintain that level. You know, they need regular tune-ups. They need to be able to like handle the stress that they have and recover from it. So like stress isn't bad if you recover regularly. But like if you're not recovering at all, that's the problem. I think that's where a lot of athletes are starting to like be innovative in this way. Like if you look at the Olympic athletes and you look at the professional athletes, recovery is becoming just as important as training. And the same thing goes for these executives, these executive athletes, these executives who are like using their mind instead of their bodies every day to be like pushing themselves to the max. So- Have you found like some common things that you're telling all of these guys and girls that are this high level like habits? Like listen, you put this into your life. I promise that's gonna pay you back 10 fold. Is there common? Definitely meditation. But meditation is tricky because you don't wanna meditate to the level of like full of blown enlightenment because people who do that end up like dropping off the map. They're like, fuck, this isn't even meaningful. Like I don't even need to do life anymore. I just need to sit here and meditate. Like that happens to people sometimes when they do meditation retreats. You see that a lot with this. You see one extreme and the other extreme, right? Yeah, just the job entirely. Yeah, exactly, right? I know investors who've like totally fallen off the deep end on meditation. So it's like meditate to the point where you get that sense of focus and it's almost like a self love practice too because you're literally just being with yourself. And then it's just great for overall attention, I think is really key. And then just like helps you really maintain calm during the day and know that you can breathe. Really the breathing practice is the biggest value add, I think. And then there's infrared sauna or infrared mats. Like if you can't fit a sauna in your home like the bio mats, great. Just because like I've actually worn heart rate variability monitors as I was working. And I would find that like when I would lay on the bio mat like you could actually see my heart rate variability change and like become much healthier. So I'm a big fan of infrared sauna for that reason. It's just great for heart rate variability because it's the relaxation response. Like it's getting you, it's actually, the peripheral vasodilation literally is like turning on your parasympathetic nervous system. So you just need to balance out that sympathetic drive with some parasympathetic. It's a feedback loop. People don't realize that there's a, you can think something and cause a physical reaction or you can cause a physical reaction that then will cause you to think something. It's this, you know, like the gut, like we were talking about the gut earlier. There's this, you know, this positive feedback loop where if I have a bad gut and then that stresses me out, now I'm stressed out, that's going to make my gut worse. And then it becomes this vicious positive feedback. That's why meditation for me or mindfulness is so, it's such an effective interrupter for me. So when I find myself like getting anxious over something and it causing other issues, which that make me anxious, I can stop, become mindful, interrupt what's going on, stop the cycle. And then once you do that enough times, it's, it becomes easier and easier. It becomes habitual. It does. Now you're, because of what you do, the people you work with and your attitude, which is very, very open and cutting edge, are there things on the fringe that you have observed and work with? Like I know we're in Silicon Valley and I've, there's a lot of people who are doing things like micro dosing LSD for improved performance or psilocybin. Like what about that kind of stuff? I got interviewed by the Financial Times last year on a story about micro dosing LSD. Did you really? How, yeah, I was really nervous hitting my picture in financial times. Like we had a whole photo shoot and everything. I was like, please don't make me the poster child for this movement. But I'm actually pretty passionate about psychedelics as medicine. Really? Yeah. And the reason why is for a lot of people, meditation is just not going to become part of their lifestyle. And a lot of people want the shortcuts. That's gonna be part, like, that's like as we talked about before, there's kind of like this imperative biologically to just conserve energy and not waste time. And a lot of people just want the lazy route. And I'm not cause, I'm not saying that psychedelics are the lazy route, but it's kind of like the difference between like hiking the mountain and taking a plane to the top, right? Or taking a helicopter. Like, it's gonna take time for you to do it by meditation. But you can get, and by the way, I have actually tripped on a meditative experience, like literally like on my own neurochemistry. So it can be done. I did a nine day retreat. I was like higher than a kite when I left that. And I was totally sober whole time. It was nuts. I don't recommend driving. I was like, someone drove me home, but that was really cool. So, but with psychedelics like, I mean like the fundamental truth, and I'm talking more about like therapeutic psychedelic treatments for PTSD and for different traumas. The research coming from maps is phenomenal. Yeah, like this is a movement around healing people's trauma and our country is a traumatized country. We have been to multiple wars. We have caused a lot of harm in people's lives. A lot of men have killed a lot of people. And now we have this like consistent problem of young people killing each other. Like this is a traumatized country right now. So, I mean, like it's not even add like the Me Too movement and how many women and men have been sexually traumatized, right? So for at least people, like there aren't that many modalities of healing that really truly get down to that problem and say like what people think is happening with psychedelics is like, you go into the psychedelic state and you start processing that experience that you've had that was super painful under an experience that feels really quite good and that feels safe and feels nurturing and you're able to move through it and move past it. And this is like, these are veterans who are getting experiences with this, right? Like these are people who've had serious problems in their lives that are like saying, this has been transformative for me. These are people with end of life anxiety because they have cancer who are like, I have a reason to live while I'm still alive. And that's huge. And so like, as much as everyone wants to talk about microdosing and psilocybin, which I think are fabulous, if used appropriately and safely, which is hard to do because everyone's getting it under the table. You know, I would like to see these become mainstream medicine that can be prescribed by a doctor with a specific dose from a reputable supplier who you know isn't going to hurt you, right? Because like my experience with the underground San Francisco drug world is like, I have a lot of friends who are engineers. I know what the world looks like and there are people pushing drugs. And like, if you get drugs from a pusher, you're gonna take too much, you're gonna take the wrong dose and you're gonna get hurt. And that's a big problem with the Burning Man world. I can't tell you the number of people who I know who've been traumatized by drug experiences at Burning Man because they were irresponsible with how they took them. And so the conversation that I always try to have about these things is let's talk about harm reduction first and then let's talk about the benefits second. Because like if we don't reduce harm first and foremost, then we're gonna have the sixties all over again, which frankly like maybe moved us forward one step but maybe two steps back in some ways because now look at all the people, the baby members who are older and are addicted to opioids. Yes, absolutely. And it's funny too, context matters when you read the studies on like, there was a recent one published. So maps, our programs are called maps, our fitness programs, but then there's maps that multidisciplinary association of psychedelic studies. And they just published a study that I think it was like two thirds of the people being treated with MDMA who had untreatable PTSD, two thirds of them were essentially cured, which is nobody, like that's insane. When you have PTSD that's considered untreatable, like these are people who've gone for years and years and years of therapy and they're all in all these different medications and it's just terrible quality of life. When you get a two thirds cure rate, like that is absolutely groundbreaking but the context matters, they did it with therapists who are people who know how to talk people through, do psychotherapy while the person's on this particular substance. So it makes a tremendous difference. So it's not just people at home taking drugs on their own. They're like, okay, I'm gonna solve my PTSD. What's really interesting is that like, it's according to maps, it might be like two years within, we might be able to actually see this prescribed for compassionate use cases within two years. Well that's cool. That's very cool. So I heard that from Rick Domlin directly. Now you mentioned something else about this opiate epidemic, but I see lots of epidemics. I can't remember where I read this, but something like the amount of people prescribed SSRI drugs for non-depression like PMS and for other types of, it's like through the roof. And then we have kids on ADD, methamphetamine type medications like crazy, like what's going on here? Like first of all, are we getting sicker or is it just that we're finding more reasons to prescribe drugs? Like what's your opinion on this? That's a really good question. Or is it both? I think that we are getting sicker. I think that we are also, so like I know a lot of people in biotech and I actually know how that machine works now. And it's possible to make a lot of money if you develop a drug that has an effect on a problem. But in the process, like we have developed new problems, right? Like restless legs was not a disease like until very probably like 10 years ago. So we are inventing more problems, but I do think that a lot of people are generally not thriving and not adapting to the stress of our lives. And so people are just getting unhealthier. And so, I'd have to look at the rates of disease. Like certain diseases that we're doing much, much better and like childhood cancers, we're just killing it. We're literally just doing so well with that. And part of that reason is because they have so few doctors that are all working together to solve these problems together. And that you don't see that in a lot of other specialties where like all the doctors are truly getting together to come up with solutions that they can scale. Childhood cancers are a small population and there's like 250 doctors who all know each other and they're all developing protocols together. And so like what I need, I think we need to do in medicine is everyone needs to talk more and everyone needs to start developing these like protocol and systematic like solutions that are not just drugs that are like drugs maybe, but lifestyle, like Dale Bresden's protocol for early cognitive decline is phenomenal. He created a software program that coaches can use, taking labs, taking questionnaire data, providing you with a personalized plan for reversing your early cognitive decline. Like this is, we need to have software programs for every disease in order to show people like there's a personalized approach to treating everything. And there's a bunch of different things you can do for almost every disease, right? The question is what's gonna be the things that are right for you to do and your lifestyle. Yeah, one of the big ones that is to me seems alarming and maybe you know the statistics better than I do, but when I was a kid, I don't remember nearly as many allergies, food allergies in particular. Like when I was in school, I don't remember, I didn't have anybody in my classes or any tables that were allergen-free or peanut-free. Now when I send my kids to school, it's like this is a peanut-free school or these are the four tables, it's exploding. Well that's partially due to the fact that we've fed so many people, so many antibiotics and we've kind of screwed up the microbiomes of these people, which means like, if your microbiome isn't healthy, your immune system isn't healthy because most of your immune system is in your gut, so that's problematic. And so now they're just reacting to things that they shouldn't be reacting to, but then there's also the hygiene hypothesis and that as we become a cleaner and cleaner community and environment, we just haven't developed the tolerance that we had in the past, so yeah. Throw your kids in the dirt. Throw your kids in the dirt. Well, you know it's funny, so this is trip off this, right? So I can't remember the name of the book, but I was reading about these studies where people with autoimmune diseases will go and voluntarily give themselves a parasite. Oh yeah, helmet therapy. Yes. I literally was sending a patient with Crohn's this information last week. I was like, you need to talk to the doctor. So explain this. So apparently it's actually quite common for people outside of America to have parasites and if you look at the rates of, you know, immune dysfunction in other countries, it just doesn't even compare to ours. And the theory is that like their immune system is being better balanced by the fact that they have these like parasites living in their body that are keeping the TH1, TH2 arms of their immune system more in line. And so that's how I see it, I could be wrong, but the idea is that you introduce these like little worms that are sort of symbiotic and they're not, they're like they're parasites, but they're also like helping you. So it's more of a symbiosis. And it will help turn down your overactive immune system, the overactive side of your immune system that is actually causing you to have the autoimmunity. Now it's all experimental at this point still. We need a lot more research, but I mean, I'm all about experimentation. The funny thing is that that same patient, we're trying to get her a stool transplant. And I'm actually more excited about stool transplant or anything. Because like, I know that we're gonna be able to modulate people's bodies by changing their microbiomes. And her partner, we were gonna do a stool transplant from him, but his microbiome looked just like hers because they live together. So that's the funny thing that you learn about people. And this is actually kind of funny to even go into this whole discussion. But I always try to tell people, like when you think about even sexual behavior, you need to ask yourself, if you're gonna sleep with this person, do you wanna share your microbiome with them? It's so true. Cause you're sharing your oral microbiome, your vaginal microbiome, you're sharing it. Dude, you want that? You go down on somebody, you're getting their microbiome in your gut. Same thing with, if you have dogs in the family, if people who have dogs carry more dog oral bacterial than people who don't have dogs. Like it's just a thing. I learned this when I was doing research on the oral microbiome for a tech startup. So. Wow, maybe that's why you guys are having good issues. Now you're hanging out with me. You're all assurance. Stop making that one. I wanna circle back to a couple of times already in this conversation, we've discussed like emotions and I'm reading a good book right now and I'm just curious to do you have a theory on how emotions are made that you subscribe to? I've actually been doing like quite a lot of like under, like I have a bunch of Evernote files on emotion right now. And so like one of the best phrases I've heard about emotions is like emotions are energy and motion. And like a lot of what I feel emotions are is like this physical reaction that we have a story that we attach to, right? And so typically if you get, if you become emotional it's gonna pass within a certain period of time. Emotions become problematic when we resist them. And especially when like something traumatic happens in our lives, like we don't act like animals where we just like shake for like an hour and then we like move on. We, sometimes we do, but like a lot of people like bury their emotions and like they just like don't wanna deal with them. And I think that that is actually one of the more maladaptive ways to be a human because it just doesn't seem like you're able to process things. And like typically the more you process stuff the better you feel. And so processing it in the moment, letting it go is typically like the best way to deal with things but it's just not really allowed in our culture. And that's, I mean it's not nearly as bad as like British culture where like, oh my God they just do not like emotions at all. And then they just get drunk and deal with them, you know? So I mean like I have so many notes on this but do I have it all like totally ready for like prime time? No, not yet. Well, I mean the old classical theory is that like this old the primal like something happened to us and we react to it. And so I feel like we've thought about it that way for such a long time that someone just said this to me therefore I feel this way and that's as deep as we look but there's so many other. And I like what you would say that again what you said. Emotions are energy and motion. Yes, and I think that's where we're at now is that there's many pathways to an emotion and there's many factors and variables that can play a role in this. It's not simply someone does this and it makes me feel this way. It may just feel that way today because of what happened today or where your current mindset is. And then I think teaching people how to and I try and give this as a tip. So like when I'm helping people with self-awareness I'm always talking about your state change throughout your day. Like everything from happy emotions and sad and angry and then learning how to unpack that and go like, okay, today, you know Molly said something to me today and I noticed that like bothered me or that excited me and why is that? And then unpacking that. I think it's really fascinating. It's when it comes to, it's also how you interpret your own emotions like excitement and anxiety are identical. I mean biochemically, right? Aren't they exactly the same? It's literally your perspective on the problem. Totally. So it's like, okay, you're anxious. No, you're excited. You can literally switch that. I've done it before. I mean that gets into the whole discussion around like maladaptive neural patterns people make when they don't know how to manage emotion. And you see this with people who are chronically depressed where they're like, they've literally consolidated this pathway around negativity that they've like built this brain pathway kind of like when you're in the woods and you're like making a trail. Like they've only built the trail to like the bad place. They haven't built the trail to the good place yet. So they literally have to like redirect their brain and build new neural networks to think differently. Totally. And that takes, by the way, it takes just as much work to be happy as it does to be sad and people don't realize that. No, you're strengthening it. So one of the things I love most about fitness is fitness is a very primitive, basic microchasm of all the stuff that we're talking about. So I'll give you an example. So you're talking about patterns. Well, we talk about muscle recruitment patterns. So if I squat a particular way for 15 years, I'm gonna have to unlearn that way to squat and squat a new way so that then when I squat without thinking, I squat differently. Exactly. But at first it's gonna require me to consciously think about my positioning as I squat, where I place my hips, where I place my knees. And I have to practice it enough consciously before it becomes unconscious. It is no different than, look, some people can just be tired. Other people can be tired and be like, that means I'm depressed. And that's because they've made those connections so in every single time now that they're, you know, they feel good chemicals are down rather than feeling tired and depleted, they feel depressed. And that's what they end up strengthening. I've dealt with that myself. Like I sometimes work myself into the ground too much. And then I get like, and then I'm like, why am I so sad? And I'm like, oh yeah, I like worked for two weeks straight. Maybe I just need to recover. And then I'll take like two days off and I'll be like a totally new person on Monday. And it's literally just cause I need more recovery. It's that simple. Do you find, I find this common with high achievers. I've worked with a lot of them as a trainer for you know, high paying clients and we've met quite a few of them and I have co-hosts that are very high achieving. And I find that high achievers tend to have like two gears like on or off. Like I'm either super interested and motivated as hell or not at all. Is that, that's true for you too? My sister, well, one of my sisters, she hung out with me for like a month and when she was trying to figure out her life and she's like, Molly, you know, it's really weird. Like you're either just working or partying. And I was like, well, I don't party that much. She's like, I know you don't, but like you work a lot. And I'm like, yeah, cause I like what I do. But like I do, I do have a good life. I have a great social life too. You know, I think it's really important to have balance. But sometimes I don't even go out on weekends cause I'm just like, I don't need to see the world. I just need to sleep. Like I like last weekend I slept like 12 hours one night and it was awesome. I woke up the next day being like, yeah. I like, I like feel like a million times better. And that's the thing, like I just needed more recovery. Yeah. So simple as that. I know that intelligence, high intelligence is correlated relatively strongly with like a little bit of crazy or a little bit of like Oh, totally. Depression or a little bit of like, like dysfunction. Yeah. It's very strongly, I mean, it's pretty strongly correlated. I wonder if, you know, if I've speculated this in the past, I wonder if what makes some people so good or intelligent or effective is because they're so different and a little bit dysfunctional. You gotta be a little neurotic. You have to be a little weird. I mean, I'm definitely embraced my like weirdness since I've moved to San Francisco. Like I felt like I found my spiritual home when I moved to the Bay Area. Where were you from originally? From Illinois, Curia, Illinois. Oh, okay. So it's like, totally different. It's like America. It's totally different. But yeah, I always think about that like, oh, and then of course working with these really smart people, I'm like, they're all just a little bit weird. Oh yeah. Or a little bit off. So many of my friends who are like just the most unbelievable people that I cannot even like fathom how smart they are, they're kind of weird to hang out with. Like I'm not gonna like, they're kind of strange, but like I thrive on hanging out with people who make me get a sense of awe and wonder and just like a sense of holy shit curiosity. Like that's what I just love about my friends is like the people that I spend time with and make time for are like, they're just constantly blowing my mind and it's great. That's awesome. It's super great. So what are you doing now right now? I know you're working with... Oh yeah, there's this company called Sano Intelligence that I'm like crazy obsessed with and I've been obsessed with for five years and it's a minimally invasive continuous glucose monitoring patch that you just slap on your arm, download the app, turn it on and you're ready to go and you can see your blood sugar throughout the course of a day. So this is a, so a continuous glucose monitor. Continuous glucose monitor. Measures your blood sugar in real time. So what you have right now in your hand is a, or what you had in your hand was a monitor about the size of maybe like a garage opener. And on it, you can see, like in real time, you eat a meal, you can see glucose rise or fall. You could see if stress does anything to you. You can see if you're on a keto diet, then nothing happens. That's, yeah, yeah, you could see all these different things but the problem with these monitors in the past is they're invasive, even the one you have on now has a little tiny needle that goes in your arm, which means you have to get a prescription for it. But the company you're working with is working on one that's minimally invasive. Yes. So it's the size of the needles are just microscopic. They're super, super small. So it's more of like, it feels like kind of like Velcro than it does like a needle. Now we are still dealing with some form factor issues. It kind of currently like doesn't look like the sleek Apple product yet, but we're trying to get it there. And don't get me wrong, the micro needles are in your skin but like it's not the same as like seeing, when you take it and you look at it, you're like, you don't see a big needle staring back at you. You see like a ton of tiny, tiny imperceptible needles. So when it gets put on your arm, you get a 24-hour readback on your, you basically get consistent levels sent to your phone. Instead of having to carry this. Oh, so you have an app. You literally just have an app that you can open up and it will start reminding you and sending you feedback on like, for example, last week when I had some sugar at lunch, which I never do, but I did and I spiked, it would alert me, hey, what did you eat? And then I would track that. And the thing about tracking that's really important is that you might realize that this thing makes you feel better, makes you spike, but are you keeping track of this over time? Are you actually really, like, if I look at the, I've worn this for like the whole year, this Libre Pro, pretty much off and on for like a year. And I can tell you, there's a lot of things that cause me to spike, but I didn't actually keep a record of all of them. I just know now in my head, but it'd be really nice if I had an app that just like told me, oh yeah, that's not something you should be eating. Yeah, let's talk about that in like the old digital health space and like what's kind of, what does the future landscape look for that? Cause I know that's going to be a breakthrough product for just your everyday consumer to be able to have access to, like what would the utopian sort of look, what would that look like? I mean, I think the utopian is that we all have implantable in our body. That's like giving us feedback on stress, on sleep timing, on exercise, on glucose, on like in real time, like that would be right. I feel like we're close to that. We will be there within like probably 10 years. It sounds like a Black Mirror episode on that. It is so a Black Mirror episode. I really want there to be like a show called White Mirror. That's the like, it's also like positive. Yeah, it's like the positive version of the future because the thing about Black Mirror that I heard, here's the reason why it's scary. They take everything that's cool and cutting-edge and innovative, and they weaponize it. And so that's why it scares the shit out of you because you're like, they're literally turning all these things that like all these robots into like killing machines. Of course that's scary. Now, I think it's also just like, it's providing us a reflection of our culture and society. But I, for the most part, want to see the future look bright and beautiful. And I'm very fortunate that a lot of my friends are working on like really cool projects, like using drones to replant trees throughout the world at like 10X faster and 10X cheaper than current replant. Like I have friends that are doing crazy shit and I'm sorry for cussing out here, guys. This is my pump now, yeah, keep it going. But yeah, so like I think that we need more media that's like nourishing our brains and making us hopeful for the future. And less of this like everything has to be negative because that's what all people will watch. Like I'm, people watched Full House and Saved by the Bell. Most of our family friendly shows. So we need more of those, right? We all love the Kali Kipowski. Don't we need more of those? I think it's like, I mean, if you look at history, we always tend to do this like pendulum thing, right? It swings real hard one way, then comes back the other. And I think that's just one of the things that we're going through right now. And we're gonna see it swing back the other directions. Please bring back the 90s. Yeah, I think so. I think you're already starting to see it in fashion. You already see it. Some of the shit I was wearing back in the 90s coming back in style. So I think that the 90s are coming back, dude. It's coming back. Well, it's changing so fast. I mean, media is all becoming, like my kids do not know movie stars or TV stars. They know YouTube stars. Instagram stars. And all that shit, like it's ridiculous. I went to the mall with my daughter and my daughter's telling me about, oh, that's what it was. She had her cell phone. She's only eight by the way. And she has this old cell phone. And on the home screen is some picture of some girl. So I'm like, oh, is that like a friend of yours? And she goes, no, I don't even know the person's name. She's like, that's so-and-so. She's a YouTube star. I'm like, what? Then we walk over to, I don't remember the name of the store, Clare's, I think it's called. And we walk in there and there's a whole section devoted to this girl and her products on YouTube. It's crazy. That's amazing. It's insane. So yeah, things are changing very quickly. But with this glucose monitor that you guys are working on, that'll be available to the average consumer. So the average person will be able to use it. But you're working with people now who are wearing the more invasive one, but you have a lot of experience working with this. What are some of the crazier things that you're seeing that are affecting people's blood sugar or glucose? Well, okay. So in medical school, you learn about the basics of the stress response and glucocorticoids and what those do for insulin resistance and what those do to release glucose into your blood to help you get out of danger, for example, right? So stress is designed to get us to move. And the reason why we typically want to move is if it was K-Van times, we want to run away from dangerous things. So when you liberate glucose, you provide your muscle with some supply to actually get out of something. Now this happens because you get stressed, cortisol goes up. Cortisol goes up. Takes it out of the liver, the sugar out of the liver. Yeah, you liberate glucose and you have the fuel you need to get out of danger. So the problem is that people are stressed out, but they're not moving, right? They're not moving because they don't know that. There isn't real danger there or whatever. There's not real danger. It's like fake danger, right? It's like someone was mean to me. And that happens. So people are going to work and they're in toxic workplaces or they're coming home and they're with a toxic partner or maybe they have five kids and they don't have any help and they are reacting to everything. And the thing is that stress response I found is really, really interesting with blood sugar because you can actually see on days when people are stressed that the curve has more variability to it. It's more jagged. It doesn't have that smooth curve and that smooth rise and drop with the meals that you would expect. And you see it just generally higher. So the average daily glucose is higher on those days. So stress is fascinating. And I don't think that people with diabetes are thinking enough about this. There are papers on this, but they're not widespread. And then there's a bunch of other things that can affect blood glucose. Like low testosterone can affect blood glucose. Obviously your macronutrients makes a difference. Proteins and carbohydrates mostly, mostly with carbs, mostly refined carbs and sugar. But also portions, like if you eat too much of something you're gonna see your blood sugar go up. Like alcohol has an interesting effect on blood sugar where some people it makes it go up and some people it makes it go down. Interesting, why would it make it go down? I don't really totally understand the feedback on this right now. I have some literature need to read on it, but I do think like I actually wish I had like a more intelligent approach to answer that, but like I don't know. And then there's, what are all the other things there? So there's obviously fitness. So certain activities will make your blood sugar go down from fitness, but then certain, if you like end up stressing your body out, it can go up. So I had a client who was, who had just become diabetic, good friend of mine, and he would always measure his blood sugar and we would work out. And whenever we would do like a hard workout, and I didn't understand this at the time, he'd come back and be like, man, Sal, my blood sugar was like through the roof. And I'm like, that's so weird. We just worked out. Like that doesn't make any sense. But then I started putting it together. I'm like, holy shit, we're stressing him too much. And he's getting this big dump from his liver because he's too stressed out. So now he's got high blood sugar. And he's not recovering either too, you know? Maybe he's not sleeping well at night. That's crazy. It's another big thing is sleep. So just like sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances is just terrible for your metabolism, which is why if you're traveling across the country, sorry, across like multiple continents, I definitely recommend fasting to help with jet lag because you've got clock genes in your gut and your clock genes in your brain and you can actually reset those clocks. How does that work? So what do you mean so you fast? So light comes into your brain in the morning through your eyes and it activates a super charismatic nucleus in your hypothalamus. And then that has downstream effects throughout your hormone system from pituitary that actually basically turns on the clocks of your other organs essentially. Most of your organs actually have clock dependent genes. So there's tons of new research coming out. Someone won the Nobel Prize on all this this year. Wow, that's fascinating. So do you fast and then wait to eat until? Fasting basically helps you reset your peripheral clocks as well as light timing. So what I tell people to do is fast like an hour or two, start fasting an hour or two before you leave for your flight and then get on that new meal schedule when you get on land. So the next meal that people have, that's your next meal. And then if it's nighttime, just keep on fasting and go to sleep if you can. I had never heard this before but it makes total sense. It's really amazing how many people tell me. Yeah, cause we just went overnight red-eyed to Tampa for some podcasting trip and it was brutal. I wish I knew this. Honestly, tell me how it works for you because I've had so many people come back to me and be like, oh my God, you seriously changed my life. I have friends who just travel for a living all over the world and they're like, you gave me a month of my life back because of this. Wow. Cause I'm not recovering from jet lag. Yeah. Wow, that's awesome. It is crazy. So circadian rhythms is really key. That's freaking rad. So you're gonna come on our show a lot more regularly, right? That's freaking awesome. Yeah. I would love for you to be like our guest resident. I'm into it. Awesome doctor. You're not too far, right? How long do you think you're here? It's like an hour. Oh yeah, no big deal. Yeah, this is freaking rad, man. Well, now that we've introduced you to our audience, I would love to set that up maybe a follow-up in 30 days or so where you come back and we'll actually have specific questions that our audience wants to give you. Oh my God, your audience had so many questions on skin biohacking. Oh yeah? They asked all those on your Instagram. Oh yeah, and let me tell you something. You're a great way to get your name out there and grow your own. And you're an entrepreneur, you're trying to grow that brand and stuff, so we would like for you to come back on the show. I'll come back for sure. Just go easy on all them young guys, huh? I know, I know, oh my God. You know how many, you know how many of them are friends? You're gonna get a shit ton of DMs after this one now. Here's your boss, Adam. Like all day shooting, no. Hi, I'm 22. So my 25-year-old rip dude is like, I'm also real mature and... Yeah, yeah, yeah. What's really funny is that like, typically I'm the one who has to talk to the guy first because guys just are like too afraid to talk to me. Like that's a regular thing. Because you're really smart. Yeah, you're really smart. I know, apparently that's scary. Well, that's what I was seeking for when I was asking those questions because when you are, I mean, it can be intimidating for a lot of people. So I was reading, I remember what I was reading, but it was about how people tend to pick a mate. It was really interesting, fascinating research, and this is general, of course. There's always massive individual variances, but women tend to seek mates that are either on the same level of them, on the hierarchy scale, if you will, or slightly below them, and men slightly above them, excuse me, slightly above them, and men tend to want people across and down. Wait, is this in what? So dating, so whatever that means. Attraction, money, status, like what? All of that, right? That's all included in hierarchy. Yeah, so women tend to want men that are at their level or slightly above, and men tend to want women that are at their level or slightly below. Oh, interesting. And here's the thing, the higher a woman's intelligence is and the more she earns, the higher the likelihood that she won't find a mate or whatever because of that. Because you're narrowing the field, right? So, and this is a common one, so you're really smart, you gotta find a super smart. Yeah, I mean, that one thing that I have to say in common with all the guys I've dated is they have all been really smart. Yeah, because you'd be bored otherwise. Yeah, so bored. Actually, that's my biggest issue is I get bored, and then I'm just like, oh, I gotta break up with you. But what's really funny is like, I've got these guys, I've got like a bunch of best friends that are married guys, and they're like, they're like such amazing dudes, and they're just like, literally we just hang out because they just blow my mind all the time. So like, what I need to do is find someone like them who's like super duper smart and who consistently blows my mind, who I actually wanna like stay with, you know? So like, they exist, they just happen to be married usually. Yeah, it happens, yeah. We'll find them. Cool, well thanks for coming on. Oh my God, thank you so much, this was so fun. Yeah, I appreciate it. Appreciate it, you're awesome. Thank you for listening to Mind Pump. If your goal is to build and shape your body, dramatically improve your health and energy, and maximize your overall performance, check out our discounted RGB Superbundle at minepumpmedia.com. The RGB Superbundle includes Maths Anabolic, Maths Performance, and Maths Aesthetic. Nine months of phased expert exercise programming designed by Sal Adam and Justin to systematically transform the way your body looks, feels, and performs. With detailed workout blueprints and over 200 videos, the RGB Superbundle is like having Sal Adam and Justin as your own personal trainers, but at a fraction of the price. The RGB Superbundle has a full 30-day money-back guarantee, and you can get it now plus other valuable free resources at minepumpmedia.com. If you enjoy this show, please share the love by leaving us a five-star rating and review on iTunes, and by introducing Mind Pump to your friends and family. We thank you for your support, and until next time, this is Mind Pump.

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Why refugee students are more likely to drop out of pre-university programs

As refugee students increasingly pursue higher education, it is crucial to understand their unique needs and challenges. Jana Berg (German Centre for Higher Education Research and Science Studies, Germany) explores the factors influencing refugee students' dropout intentions in pre-study programs, which reveals an interplay of financial constraints, perceived exclusion, and language proficiency. Photo: shironosov from iStock

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Welcome once again. Let's talk about social inclusion. Has refugee students increasingly pursue higher education? It is, of course, crucial to understand their unique needs and their unique challenges. And so the study that we'll be talking about today of my guest, Janna Berg and colleagues, the study explores factors that influence refugee students' dropout intentions in pre-study programs, which, as you'll see, reveals an interplay of financial constraints, of perceived exclusion, and language proficiency. So as you'll hear, this conversation highlights the importance of tailoring educational approaches to address specific needs of refugee students in order to foster their successful integration, of course, into higher education. Janna, welcome to our episode. Thank you. So understanding, I think, Janna, the factors that contribute to refugee students' dropout intentions is important for developing effective interventions to this problem. So I believe this is the importance of your study. Yes. So when we look at refugee students, there is historically not much known about their inclusion in higher education. But higher education is key to build alive, to enter high-income jobs, and to create a perspective, basically. So we noticed that many refugees drop out of higher education programs, and we wanted to understand more about that, the more about the possibilities to support them and tailor programs to their specific situation. What was specifically missing in research that you wanted to address? After 2015, there was a huge push to support refugees and asylum seekers in German higher education, but there was hardly any state of research. There was a high practical insecurity how to address them and very little information available neither on the situation of refugee students, especially not in Germany, nor on the West to fully support their way into and through higher education. So we basically started with a very exploratory mission, and our main objective was to identify the key conditions for successful refugee student support. So Janna, let us know about the main finding of your study. So the study combines the findings of a quantitative survey with refugees and international students that are in Germany with a student visa who are participating in study preparation programs and qualitative interviews with teachers and course coordinators in those pre-study programs. And I think the main finding is that we found structural differences between refugee students and international students. Refugees are more often at risk to drop out. They are more often considered to drop out of pre-study programs because of some key challenges. And those are financial, their financial situation and their perceived social exclusion. Also female and older refugee students were at higher risk to drop out. However, refugee students also showed an ability to develop coping strategies against specifically mental challenges and perceived social exclusion. And in addition to that, our research also indicates a number of resources. For example, they more often tended to use the German language in their everyday life. They focused more on their social integration and what also helped was a strong connection to the perspective field of study. And those refugee students that had already made some experiences studying abroad were often able to productively build on this experience. That's on the student side and on the organizational level, the expert interviews emphasized a need for study and ample funding to maintain study preparation programs for refugees. And also teachers and course coordinators described a lack of professional training to support staff in addressing marginalized groups but also a lack of paid time to engage in individual student support. Much of the support that was done voluntarily and on an unpaid time which made it very difficult for staff to engage with a lot of individual students. You were mentioning the organizational level and I would like to follow up on that because higher education institutions can learn from these findings and implement some policies. Can you tell us more about that? About practical implications? I believe that our findings can be used specifically to adapt higher education policies as well as practices. Some key issues on the structural level would be to support teachers and course coordinators to be able to provide support to refugee students on the clock. That would be based on funding but also on professional trainings. But further, I believe our findings can help to adjust support networks by targeting the specific issues that cause refugees to drop out of classes. Some takeaways could be to provide informal language learning opportunities and precise social integration and support refugees in making use of the resources and resilience that they have. And academically, what's ahead of us now? More case studies, other geographies for example? There has been a massive increase in studies on the situation of refugee students which also introduced more international focus on the situation in very different regions. But I believe the biggest question for ongoing research would be how the experiences and lessons learned during recent years actually translate to the current situation. Because in our study, we looked at a cohort that participated in study preparation courses in 2018 where that started in 2018 and most participants were from Syria and Afghanistan. Since then, the war in Ukraine has caused many Ukrainian refugees to enter Germany and also public funding of pre-study programs on support for refugee students has heavily decreased. So I think I'd be very interested to learn whether and how universities were able to use their experiences to address the needs of Ukrainian refugees and continue their support of students with the experience of forced migration beyond public funding schemes. So I think a focus on refugees from different countries and regions would be interesting and also an organizational learning approach to investigate the ongoing situation in higher education. Some tips for future research. Janna, this has been a very straight to the point episode but if you could sum up this conversation in one or two sentences what would it be? So first there are some challenges for refugee students that cannot be addressed within higher education institutions. So I think supporting higher education for refugees should go or must go beyond higher education institutions and rather rely on networks and communities of practice. For example, the university will not be able to address the financial situation. So every aspect of life is connected beyond higher education. And second I think our research emphasizes that we should not remain at a deficit perspective. It's important to recognize the specific challenges that refugees face but I think we also should try to design support networks that build on their strengths and resources. Ideally refugee students should be included in the creation of their support structures. Thank you very much. Thank you. For those who are watching us on YouTube you can find all the resources all the materials of this conversation on the let's talk about social inclusion websites including the study that serve this base for this conversation. Alternatively you can listen to this episode wherever you get your podcast. You can subscribe to our newsletter on the website and follow us on Twitter at QajitatiuLTA.

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Maths VI RSA 11 3

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Hello and welcome to the session. In this session we discussed the following question which says, if a is equal to 2, v is equal to minus 1 and c is equal to minus 3, find the value of a square plus b cube minus c. Let's move on to the solution. We are given a equal to 2, b equal to minus 1 and c equal to minus 3 and we have to find the value for a square plus b cube minus c. So we substitute the values for a, b and c in the given expression. So this would be equal to 2 square plus minus 1 the whole cube minus minus 3. So this is further equal to 4 minus 1 plus 3 which is equal to 6. Thus we now have a square plus b cube minus c is equal to 6. This is our final answer. This completes the session. Hope you have understood the solution of this question.

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FH3 Hoonigan Twerk Stallion Rotory powered tandems (HZFN) -- logitech g920 w/ NRG wheel --

Ripping Hoonigan pack sidways!!!! Twerk Stallion Check out all NRG products at getnrg.com and drivenrg.com Contact me at teamevlrabbit@gmail.com If you want to see something more on the channel or something else I am always up for new games to try just subscribe to my channel and comment on the videos what you want to see or message me on Xbox live - EvlRabbit07. Follow me on Twitch https://www.twitch.tv/evlrabbit_07 follow me on Instagram @evlrabbit07 follow me on Twiter @evlrabbit07 follow me on Facebook https://www.facebook.com/TeamEvlRabbit/ #drifting #drift #racing #evlrabbit07 #teamevlrabbit #gamer #customwheelssetup #logitechg920 Special thanks to WeRabbitz for the use of there tracks if you want hear more of there music check them out at https://soundcloud.com/werabbitz or on facebook at https://www.facebook.com/werabbitz/ Girlfriends Shop for Custom coasters and other cool stuff check out her shop at the link below https://www.etsy.com/shop/TheMintyOwlCreations?ref=search_shop_redirect

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What's up everybody, welcome back to the channel, I'm Euphorabbit, here on Forced in Horizon 3, for some more about the Hoontagin Carpack, I am in the FC Twerk Stallion, but this time it is modified with the Rotary Rally Suspension, the thing is dumped seriously low, and we're gonna get some slides on and probably maybe hop into an online lobby, see if we can get some random tandems, so we're gonna rip it around here real quick, get our tune set, it is about 490 some horsepower, I feel like it's a secondary car, there we go, there we go, ooh this tap, this thing slides so nice, look at that ebrake, got them tandem brakes on, oh yeah I think we need to try to find an online lobby and see what we can do with an online lobby, from this real quick though, the thing is so low, I like to get a little wider there, but not too bad, might just try and hop into a random sesh, with some of the guys that I know are online, they might be drifting, refreshing tool, I believe you probably sir are drifting, so let's see if we can get in and see if you are sliding, you get some tandems, best part about tandems, random tandems, oh yeah there's people sliding, oh boy there's a lot of HCFN here, I just randomly pop in, what's up yo, and everybody's doing their passive moving in cars out, but I was hoping to get some tandems, but I feel like they're all leaving now, there they go, oh they were running the uh some tandems in the horizon, oh he's got that nova bill for drifting right now, a little clutch kick, we're good, sometimes the random tandems are the best, I feel like this car needs a little bit more acceleration tuning, a little bit change of tire pressure, the lock is so real though, skirt, let's do it, random tandem sessions here in this FC, doors, a little bit door, a little bit door tap, oh I wanted to keep it lower horsepower, put the rotary back in it, oh I've blocked down, need to change the gear ratio a little bit, so at this point I was actually switching into the party with the guys from HCFN, but they didn't include the audio so the remainder of the video kind of looks like I'm talking to myself, but I swear I'm actually talking to people, I'm not crazy, I was talking to members of HCFN, they were in the party, but their audio was not included, so it may look like I'm talking to myself, but I'm not, I swear I'm not crazy, don't think I'm crazy, because I'm not, they were in there, they're not just imaginary people in my brain, so hope you guys enjoy the drifting, it's all about the drifting not the audio anyways, so you can ignore what it sounds like I'm talking about myself, I was just doing a random, you know random jump in, restart what, oh I am celebrating the whole uh the new car pack, but we're trying to get this uh FC uh set for uh with the rotary in it, ow, yeah I put the, I put the rotary back in it, you know what the only thing that upsets me about the rotary is it, the only thing that sets is it doesn't change what it looks like under the hood, but the lock on this FC is crazy though, well somebody's hating on Slap Train, is this, is this a bad time to say that um I'm actually recording stuff for my channel right now, all that hate to slap, I do like, do like about this, this uh hoonigan pack though, they finally added the handbrake animation, I guess I've never really noticed it, but he doesn't pull it backward, it just stays there, he just puts his hand on it, what is that nova doing, I actually didn't build a drip no weed, save it, oh my god, oh I lost it, I couldn't put stickers on windows, because I mean all these cars come with it, so obviously they have the ability to map it right, so just let us put them on there, car's stupid low, curb checks don't help, this rx7 on rally suspension is stupid low, oh a maximum of 500 on stock tires, well I am limiting it to no horizon edition cars, because those come stock with race tires, but um I'm not sure on these hoonigan cars yet, because these aren't race tires, these are stock tires, oh this is gonna be dangerous, oh I thought I could split it, sorry, wait you can't see it, because I thought you could still see them, even if it's like a dlc car, and you don't have it, also the hitboxes are massive if you don't have cosmetic on, well that's gonna be here for this episode here on Forzler Horizon 3 with the twerk stallion, so I hope you guys enjoyed the drifting, like I said I'm not crazy, there was people in the party, I was not just talking to myself, so like I said guys if you want to see more Forzler Horizon 3 and more of the sooning impact, don't forget to tap that like button, subscribe to the channel down below, I do appreciate the sport, as well as you can follow me on Facebook, Twitch, Twitter and Instagram, all of which are found in the description box below, until next time guys, I'd like to thank you guys for watching, I'm EvilRabbit, I'm out.

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THIS APEX IS SO GOOD! GEMINIDEUS UNLOCKED! - Jurassic World Alive

Geminideus is one of the best Apex Dinosaur Hybrids in Jurassic World Alive! Can I showcase it to it's full potential?! Jurassic World Alive Bucks: http://ludia.gg/JWA_BV220133ver Promotional code provided courtesy of Ludia Inc. 🦖☕️TEA.REX PLUSHIES HERE: https://thegamingbeaver.shop USE CODE: TEATIME to get 10% off your order 🪑Get a SecretLab Chair here: bit.ly/3Q65jvs 🦫GamingBeaver Energy Drink Choice: https://advanced.gg/?ref=TheGamingBeaver (Code Beaver for 10% off) Discord: https://discord.com/invite/thegamingbeavercorner Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/thegamingbeaver Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/gamingbeavergram/ Twitter: https://twitter.com/agamingbeaver Watch more TheGamingBeaver: Jurassic Unboxings: https://bit.ly/3QEPXhO Jurassic World Evolution 2: https://bit.ly/3bXwUjT The Isle: https://bit.ly/3A36NjH Newest Uploads: https://bit.ly/2RzGKMC Popular Videos: https://bit.ly2RfnuVs #jurassicworld #jurassicworldalive

3KORHNHMLm0

Oh, yes it's on! Yes, and it's level 30! Oh, you absolute mad lad! Oh, he's swapping. But if you close, you're emotional, balance emotional. Hello everyone, and welcome back to episode two of Jurassic World Alive! Oh, oh my, there has been... I've made some mistakes in my last video. By George and it's about time we addressed them. So, today we're going to be looking at Gemini Nidus because I have put boosts on and I'm expecting to do a little bit better. Probably because I now kind of know how it works, but there were some people that were very enraged with me, I have to admit. When I was going over the upcoming dinosaurs, I said that Rexie and Parasol Lux, or at least Rexie anyway, is something that you can only get from special events and stuff like that. They were commenting saying that actually no, Rexie isn't, you can get it on the map. However, oh, is it a cruel twist of fate. I was like, yeah, you're right actually. It's a bit hard when you're recording and you forget things and I often name things wrong or call things names wrong and what have you. So, I went, I had this flashing, the tracker. And when I clicked on said tracker, a quick message came up which I quickly clicked exit on, and then I was like, wait, I can't click on anything. What's going on? Why is nothing on my tracker? So, now I don't know whether this is just me or whether it's all dinosaurs on the tracker. Luckily, I was recording before I was recording with this device. So, I went back about 20 seconds and found this image which says creatures removed from the tracker and that was Parasol Lux I put on there. This creature shown above have migrated off the map and can no longer be tracked. They have been removed from your tracker. Watch out for them in future events. So, actually now you can't. So, yeah. I quickly looked at the leaderboards as you'll see here. They actually don't have it maxed up to level 30 which is interesting. But it seems like most people have about like 120 or above speed. They have over 2000 attack and they have over 8000 health. In some cases, people have it with, you know, max attack, 126 speed and other people have it, oh, so other people don't have it. Do you have a gold boom? Oh, it doesn't have it. Oh, blue me either doesn't have it. This guy's level 30 and has 9,626. I also forgot that German Titan also has some cool things going on with it, meaning that if it's below half health, it has a priority. Now, the battle that I did where I could have got a priority wouldn't have made a difference against that deal because it was faster and it would have went for its priority anyway. And you know, it's always good to see how it does. So, basically I took up all the attack of my paratops and I took up all the health of my Inditorus, because both those creatures had max. So now instead of like 6000 health, it has 8000. And instead of 1400 attack, it has 1900 attack. So, yeah, straight up that group disarming rampage is like, oh, no, oh, that was a damage. So at level 30, it's going to pack a pretty big punch. And I'm looking forward to not facing up against any, what's it called, frickin' deals. The thing is, if you don't have the counter for deal, like you don't have the flock, or you don't have something that's perfect against it, they're kind of not going to do too well, if we're going to be honest. So I was stuck between a rock and a hard place and people were saying that someone, I think someone said that the dragon they called it, which is the Alancos Saratops, which I always called Draco, is a perfect counter for deal. However, as you saw, I did 20 minutes and it was just backwards and forwards, backwards and forwards, it was no way for me to win because it was heal attack, heal attack. So people did agree with me that it takes no skill to battle with deal. And I mean, it's pretty much like you're a one track mind and that's why he didn't think about switching out because he was like, well, I just heal attack and he's probably not going to kill me and move it. So we got up to 120 with the speed. We do have two more levels to go, so we could get it to 24 for 1, 2, or mix things around a little bit. I'm expecting to change it at some point because I'm sure people would be like, there's this optimum build where it can counter this specific dinosaur that very rarely has any stats that are different. And we also have this one, the health which I put 4 on because I was like, I think 8,000 health is kind of a lot. But yeah, a lot of people got confused, or I got confused, sorry, when reduced armor decreases or reduced when applied against his creature. So I got in a lot of trouble with a particular somebody who was like, oh my god, baby, why don't you read the patch notes? Geez, why can't I just have fun? Why do I have to be like, get my glasses on and be like, okay, let's have a look. Alright, we got a little bit of... I mean, if you're coming to my videos for MLG strats, have you not seen my videos in the past? But yes, anyway, if you are that kind of player, fair play to you. I'm not, I just go into it and just love how some people are like, meh! Really angry, it's hilarious. But anyway, we're going to do a couple of more battles in the Nublar Shores with a newly-boosted Geminitis and just see what it can do against the current meta. Get it now! Oh yeah, sorry, I completely forgot about this. The Frost Pass before we do any battles is the reason why we are here, is just to check out what we can get. So let's have a look. Well, I'm going to put on the music while we're here and we might as well do that. So let's have a look. There's a lot of Panther Tigers and I'm sure there's ghosts because that's what these are, these events. Sorry, the new hybrids have a lot of DNA that you need that is that. Oh, also 50 for that. So I'm assuming if, oh, this must be the new creature, the dire wolf I think it is, or something like that. Some of the ones, yeah, Carbon Nemes, another 50 of that unique hybrid. More of its ingredients. Oh, wow, no emotes. Oh, there's the emotes. Oh, okay. So it just comes out of there. Some fairies will love that. And there you go another 100, 100. And finally, Spirit, which actually isn't the Octodus. Scared me, I was expecting that. And then Cirrus being that one. Okay, so while I was saving to cash these in, we got 55 for open, 10 more incubators, which is definitely going to get us up to rank two only. Sweet. And another 55, which takes us up to rank five, as well as some deadies. Direct hits on that. Let's collect 30 more. Epic DNA. Spin one special event drop. Oh, well that's hard. Use. Oh, here we go. We're going to easy. So there's one special event. Easy. These daily missions, man. Sometimes it's nice to get something easy. What was the other one like opening? Oh, put on a cent. That's right. We'll put on a small cent. So that's that one done. And then spend coins. So we'll just go into here. Do you have any? Oh, look at that. We got some fusions for the post metrodon. Could we be just about to get a level 30 Ankyloseratops? Is that what it's called? God knows. I'm like, don't call it Draco. Somebody will call you out in the comments and you'll have your feelings hurt. Oh, no, never mind. It's to run a metrodon. Oh, come on. Just a 30. That's all I need. Just one 30. Come on. Just one 30. It makes all of this difference. And it's... Oh, God. Found. We're like 10 off a level 29. And then it's going to take ages to really level that thing up a little bit more. Anyway, yes. So we're going to... We need to spend coins, which we've actually already done. So we should have got two. Well, wait a second. Yeah, I'm back to 80. I didn't realize if you don't do these daily events, the game penalizes you. And it's like, yeah, we're going to make sure that the creature that you get is a lower amount of DNA. Unless we get for, you know, not playing every day. I get 10 direct hits on coins, which is very easy. But we'll not bother. So what do we get? Was there... Oh, there was an emote here. My bad. They're completely forgot. Ah, yes. I bet that cost them a fortune. Is this panthera? Yes, it is, because we don't have panthera. We have another rare send, which I'm pretty sure I already have a lot of rare send. So maybe that was wasted. Not entirely sure. 166 of that, which we don't really need. I've got loads of this thing, I think. Yeah, 2,000. It's already level 25. A 50 of this, which I don't have too much of that. And 166 of this thing, which is the dial-up, which is also unlocked. Sweet. So now, we should be able to create a said dial-up. And, you know, a new creature we get to see before we do the battles, eh? Oh, look at the fur. Oh, that looks cool, actually. Nice. So, shame it turns into that abomination, but hey, the 20% crit chance, no armor. The sawming strike, here we go. This is what people were meaning. So, it reduces the armor by 50%. Interesting. So, I'm assuming a lot of dinosaurs have that. It reduces armor by 100%, if the opponent swaps out. So, basically, if you've got loads of armor and you are able to be pinned in, don't swap out against something like this. Or, I'm assuming, it's hybrid as well. And it's 25% larger than a modern grey wolf. Hmm. Eh, I don't know what that other one is. But, eh, oh. Anyway, now we're back to it. Let's do some battles as we get Gemini Titan. Okay, come on, Jemenidus. I got your name right. Oh. Will this one have Jemenidus? Attempt number two. And no, it's really cool. Oh, oh, hold the phone. Okay, this guy's got his own Jemenidus. All right, we'll put this bit in. And it's level 30. It's got 10k health. Oh, damn. Okay, there we go. And big hit. Now, if I can survive, I'm healing a lot here. So, he's increased the armor, goes for Group Disalming or Rampage, which is going to slow me down. Reduce my armor. If I hadn't, I suppose. And now I get... You know, it's just a chunk of health, but it's not so bad, is it? And then, like, he's got his priority here. And it goes through armor. And I think it targets all opponents. So, I may as well just do this, because he's definitely going to go for it. And at least I know I could definitely recover health from this. Let's see what he does. Oh, he does it? Yeah, shielding a lot of Rampage gains an invincibility. Yes, big hit. Very good. Okay. So, you're still faster. You got invincibility for one turn. That's a cool thing of two. So, I suppose I could go for my own invincibility if I wanted to, or I could get some health back and bleed you out a little bit. Or you could swap. Ooh, an Imperatus Sutius. All right. Well, I'm not expecting that to come back. I think that's probably it. We're not going to see Geminitus coming, because it's pretty much dead. Well, there you go. Scorpion won it. Just like very close. Let's try and find Gemini Titan. Well, another victory. Still no Geminitus. Okay. Come on, this time. The third battle. Can it be Gemi... All right. Well, Terano, Metrodon, whatever won that one. And another win. But please, give me Geminitus. Okay. This is it. The fourth battle. Come on. Just one. Come on. All right. Okay. The fifth thing. I've lost... Oh! Jesus. A 1-3 lost the last one. And then... The last one was like a long battle. Bloody hell. Dio, it had like... Oh, God. Well, it did have... The Alberta Servia thing. Good God. It was a tricky one. So, that's actually a terrible thing for me. So, I'm just going to get out. Oh. Oopsies. Please stop it. Oh, no. I just killed it. I can't believe that. I basically just killed it. That was hilarious. I'm just used to everything being able to, you know, not be locked in. And I've just killed it. And we waited all five bloody turns. And... Oh, wait, yeah. I still have... Oh, you know what? I meant to do that. I meant to do just a big hit on him. Yeah, see? And now, as long as something's faster and has a priority, well, there you go. That was probably the worst thing I could have faced up against. And I very, very rarely see an opener that is Toronto Metroton. So, I thought it was pretty safe putting that in first, but now, well, there you go. They cancelled each other out. Boom. What I probably should have started with out first, but actually, still would have been a bit dangerous against that thing. Oh, he's got a Rexie as well. 4600 and what? He needs a crit to kill me. And he's got a 45% chance to get that. So, with that in mind, let's go with our own... Oh, wait, no. I've done it again. I could be locked... Oh, no. Oh, wait, no. Oh, I thought he locked me in. Oh, never mind. Well, here's the dominant roll, which is going to do... Oh, a big chunk of damage. Yep, there it is. And he's definitely quicker. Not so good. But we can fire back with our priority Tyrant's... Roar! Oh, he's going to get a lot of health, actually, because he's going to do his big one. Is it... Am I still able? I think it was. How much else are you going to get back is the question. Has he got his roar? He's got his roar back. That's a bugger. He's probably going to kill me then. Unless I can get a crate and kill him. I think it's just guaranteed a crate, isn't it? Yeah. Oh, that's a bugger. Didn't even get the crate. And I'm alive. How am I alive? Okay. Well, cool. I'm... I killed it. Hey, but me didn't do that. So many misplaced. Oh, this would be brilliant. Wow, okay. Two T-Rexes. And there it is. Well done. There you go. Yeah, he's pretty much one at this point. But, wow, I should not have hung on that long. I'm quite amazed with myself if I'm going to be honest. Reduces attack. Oh, wait. It doesn't reduce the attack. It's a friend. Oh, a friend. It doesn't... And then it's going to reduce my speed. Well done. And then I'm going to bleed out and die. Three, two for how that started. A special... A Toronto Medridon stardom. I mean, I guess in some situations it's good against, like, the... But still. Oh. Let's see if we can get a better showcase of Gemini just shall we? Here we go. Here we go. Is there going to be a Gemini? A freaking Gemini. Okay, we're going to be smart about this one. Or are we? No, we're going to put it in first. Of course we are. Hell yeah. Oh, my God. Come on. This time. This is the one. This is the one. Gemini. This is going to sweep. I don't know how it's going to do it. Ooh. A kind of a good comparison. I might as well just get my armor up, because I don't think it has a single armor-piercing attack. It can reduce my attack. Look at that. Oh, you were the big tanky one, but now I am with... Oh, how much armor? Oh, my God. 80% armor. Oh, my God. How much? 412. That was still a lot of damage. I'll give it that. Yes. Still a lot of damage. And then... Oh, there it is. Ooh. Ooh. I can't deal with this now, can you? Now, should I just go for this? I mean, what's the cooldown? It's always two. And what's the cooldown with this one? It's two. Okay, yeah. We'll do this one with maybe... Oh, 206. Oh, yeah. I would get armor every time I'm hit, so I'm up to 100% armor now. So when I get hit with this counter, it's going to do not... Oh, this is going to be sad. It's like, ready? You're ready for his hit that does nothing? I've reduced his armor as well. I should have done that first, actually. I just kind of want to get my armor up. Here it goes, ready? And... What? What? What? What? Increase armor for four attacks, two turns. Cool. Oh, you know what? 50%? So he's going to do half damage? A level... Oh, I should have done that. Damn. Now I'm below half health. No, I've done a complete stupid. I could have had my priority, no. Well, do I have armor at least? I mean, a shield? I do have shield. Okay, am I resistant to rend? That's the thing. No, okay, rend's actually really good against me. So do you think he's going to go for a cloak? I don't know. I don't know. Either way, if he does go for a cloak, maybe I should have swapped into Comsiraptor because then it didn't really matter what happens. Probably should have done that. And he gets a cloak anyway. But he can't do is... Yes! Yes! Beautiful. And now I'm going to be faster anyway, so I can do my thing. Haha, you should have went for the cloak, you fool. He probably would have killed me, though, with that intimidating. Yeah, he probably would have, because he would have went first and he would have went through all my armor and broke my shield. So yeah, that was a good play on his part, but maybe he should have expected the switch out. I don't know. I think I wouldn't, but okay. And the rain does nothing, but here comes the cleanse. This is it. This is the big money and my vulnerability. Oh, not dead. Oh, that feels bad. Ah, that's a bugger. Well, if I was here, I'd swap out and just finish me with something at this point, because... I mean, even a cloak, actually. I don't think he's used to... Yeah, okay. I mean, maybe he's got... I'm assuming he's got nothing to swap out and kill me if that's the case. If he's going to go for that. Oh, if I'd went for the cloak as well, that would have been horrible. And I'm still alive. Oh, it's not good, man. Yeah, but it completely feels bad at this point, but we'll just make sure my ref doesn't die. I could have let him have it. I could have let him have it. And the clean break my comps are after. But you know what? If I can, we'll reduce his attack. He probably... Will he even go for the cleanse? He probably will, because ref does a lot of debuffs. He probably will go for it. That is like... But if you close the... Emotional balance! Emotional balance! I'm so sorry, dude. I'm so sorry. I'm sorry. No, man. He could just be playing. I want him to get one. Maybe one away from his incubator. He needs one medal. And it's level 30! Oh, you absolute mad lab legend. Hell yeah. Hell yeah. Let's go. Let's go level 30. Oh, that's awesome. I'm getting out of here, though, because that's going to kill me. How did it get all as well? Yeah, I mean... I'm happy to let ref's life just die. Maybe I should have stayed in? I don't know. Maybe I should have. But I think if he's... Oh, I think I'm one quicker. Oh, I'm not. One quicker. Well, here we go! Round two! I'm baiting some... Are you surprised to see me back? Right, now he's going to kill me in the next turn. And then I'm going to put in my own German attack. I'm going to get a crit here. I might actually kill him. Oh, I didn't get a crit. Maybe I wouldn't have. Maybe I would have. Oh, yeah, love to see. Maybe this guy will win, actually. The Harden. Well, done! Well, done! Get that armor up. 100% armor. He's completely turtle. Now... He... Now I have my own armor. Oh, what's he going to do? What's he going to... My gem could beat his gem at this point. I don't think he can... Oh, he's swapping. Oh. Now it's my turn. But if you close... Emotional damage! Emotional damage! Oh, this is low. All right, all right. You're just going to go for your thing. Anyway, I might as well get me armor up. And here we go. He's just going to turtle. But not really. He's healing. Freaking Dio, man. Dio. Oh, it's horrendous. But I boosted him. And this happened in the last video where I came up against a Dio. And I just didn't have the attack and stuff to kill it. Whereas this time... Oh, I do. I think I might have won this. Oh, is this it? Is this it? Oh, this might be the satisfying I've been waiting for. Oh, yeah. He does reduce my time. I think I've heard about that. Well, well, the counter comes in. And then the group disarming rampage. And can we get a... It is! Well done. Well done. Well done. That was... Oh, my God. Not only did Gemini just win it. We started with it and it killed Dio. Oh. Oh, my proud parent. Oh, my God. That was beautiful. Well, guys, we're going to wrap it up there. And I hope you stayed for that last battle because... Oh, that was... You couldn't make that up. We killed Dio. Start... Oh, this thing gets pasted so good. That's so good. I apologize if I said it was bad. People clicked off the video when he thinks it's bad, when it's really good. You should have stayed for this one because... Oh, that was brilliant. Anyway, guys, if you enjoyed this video, leave a like. And until next time, I'll see you cutie later. Oh, bye-bye.

UC98CzaYuFNAA_gOINFB0e4Q

Automate the Boring Stuff with Slackbot(ver.2) - presented by Takanori Suzuki

EuroPython 2022 - Automate the Boring Stuff with Slackbot(ver.2) - presented by Takanori Suzuki [Liffey B on 2022-07-13] In addition, we often use chat such as Slack for daily communication. So, I created a chatbot(PyCon JP Bot: https://github.com/pyconjp/pyconjpbot) to automate various boring tasks related to holding PyCon JP. In this talk, I will first explain how to create a chatbot using Bolt for Python (https://slack.dev/bolt-python/concepts). I will tell you how to registers bot's integration on Slack and how to create a simple bot in Python that responds to specific keywords. And as a specific case, I will explain how to make a bot command to perform the following operations and technical problems. - Emoji reaction - Calculator: SymPy - Karma(plusplus): Peewee - Search issues, display issue details: JIRA API - Create multiple issues from a template: JIRA API, Sheets Spreadsheet API - Account management of G Suite(user, alias, group and member): G Suite API - etc. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

3k7qHhUHuP8

おはようございます。私のプレゼンテーションに感謝します。ユーロー・パイソンの話をしています。私の話題は、スラックボットのバーリングスタッフのバージョン2をオートメイトします。今日は、スラックボットのバックグラウンドやモチベーションをお話しします。スラックボットのバックグラウンドは、簡単なバックグラウンドを作り、パイソンライブラリーやAPIsを使って、写真を撮影して、フィードバックをお送りします。ユーロー・パイソン2022のハッシュタグをお送りします。このスライドを、スライド.takanori.netをお送りします。私は、Twitterのスライドをお送りします。スライドには、多くのコードがあります。スライドのコードを見ると、どうですか?バージョン2のタイトルは、2019年に、スラックボットのバックグラウンドの話をしています。私は、スラックボットのバックグラウンドの話をしています。たくさんのパイソンコンフォレンシーの話をしています。フィリピン、タイランド、マロイシア、日本や、日本の方々の方々の話をしています。3年後、この年、私は、スラックボットのバックグラウンドのコンフォレンシーの話をしています。この話は、コビット19の初のパイソンコンフォレンシーの話をしています。この時に、私は、パーソンのインフォロントをお送りします。ありがとう。皆さん、コミュロルパイソンスタッフとValentiaの皆様、ありがとう!おーありがとうちなみに、主題の前に私が自分を紹介します私はタカノリです私のツイッターはタカノリですそしてイクバルさんから資料が言われていますOK?私はジャパンですパイコンJP 2022私たちのイベントについてURL 2022パイコンJP中央、オクトバベニューは東京、ジャパン日本に来てくださいパイコンJPに来て見てくださいOK?主題の前にまずバックランドとモチベーションを話します過去にパイコンJPのイベントにいろいろな年が経ちましたあなたが想像しているたくさんのタスクコンフランスについて例えばアレンジメントベニュー・マネジメント食事、コーフィースナック、ビービーは私について重要ですパイコンJPの数は14が多いニュースタッフは毎年ニュースタッフはパイコンJPのチェアパーソンについてシミュレアの答えは毎年毎年でもプログラマは大事ですプログラマはルーティンワークのように私はとても大事です私はセクリタリーでタスクをするために私はプログラマについて私はセクリタリーについてこの話の目標はシンプルボットを作るためにインターネットボットを作るためにライバーリーやエピアーでシンプルボオリアでその場合はシンプルボットを作るために私はシンプルボットのチャットボットですシンプルボットのシンプルボットは何時か使うのかシンプルボットのサーバートフォンなど何時かもう一度シンプルボットの方を私は全てのインスラックを作りたいと思います。チャットモードを作りましょう。この辺りは、このボットを作ることができます。例えば、例えば、グリーティング、ランダーリー、カウントビア、モア、ボットを作ることができます。まず、簡単に説明します。インカーミングウェブフックス。これはインカーミングウェブフックスのシステムオーバービュー。プログラムで、メッセージを送り、パイソンからウェブフックURLを送り、メッセージを送り、これはシステムオーバービューです。インカーミングウェブフックスのインテグラムを作り、ウェブフックURLのシステムオーバービューを作り、1. アプリケーションを作り、2. インカーミングウェブフックスを作り、3. ウェブフックステムオーバービューを作り、4. アプリケーションを作り、名前を設定、アプリケーションアイコンを設定、ウェブフックステムオーバービューを設定、ウェブフックステムオーバービューを作り、最後に、ウェブフックURLを送り、メッセージを送り、これはウェブフックURLのシステムオーバービューを送り、シンポーメッセージを送り、ジェイソンからメッセージを送り、メッセージを送り、ジェイソンからウェブフックURLを送り、ペースニースターを使います。ウェブフックステムオーバービューを使います。ディクト、エンコード、エンコード、メッセージを送り、パイソンからメッセージを送り、リクエストを使います。リクエストを使うことが簡単です。パイソンスラックSDKを使うことが簡単です。パイソンスラックSDKを使うことが簡単です。ウェブフックステムオーバービューを作り、メッセージを送り、使うことが簡単です。このメッセージはマークダウン、ボールド、リンク、ロジーなど、でもコンプレックスメッセージを作り、ブロッキットを使うことができます。ブロッキットは新しいUIフレームワークのスラックアプリケーションです。これがブロッキットのサンプルです。タイプセクション、ツイッテクス、フィールズ、コンプレックスメッセージを使うことができます。バ eherだと映えはブロッドを Ha.インタラクトビュー ゲーム後で私たちはこれをプログラムを作り、ブロッキーでコンプレックスメッセージを作ります。しかし、インカミングウェブフックは一つだけです。ウェブフックとスラックのプログラムを作ります。次は、ボットとインタラクトを説明します。次は、ボットとインタラクトを説明します。待ってください。インタラクトを説明します。スラックがインタラクトを説明します。一つは、エヴェンスAPI・Httpとソケットモードを説明します。エヴェンスAPI・Httpを説明します。メッセージはエヴェンスAPI・エヴェンスAPI・ダイラクトリー・Httpを説明します。プログラムは、スタティック・パブリック・Http・エンドポイントを説明します。一方、ソケットモードは、スタティック・パブリック・Http・エンドポイントを説明します。スロケットモードを解説します。ソケットモードは、エヴェンス、エヴェンス、 Pretty Webのメッセージを説明します。アドバイスの資料を受け、ネットこのトークはソケットモードを選択していますローカルについては簡単ですボットユーザーを作っています私はインタラクトボットを作っていますまずボットユーザーをスラックしています5つ目ですスラックアプリケーションを作っていますソケットモードを作っていますボットトークスコープのアプリケーションを作りますボットユーザーをアプリケーションのアプリケーションを作りますソケットモードを作っています予約していますこれが重要な資料ですボットユーザーとおすすめのメッセージを付けますボットトークスコープ書き取り用のスコープスラックアプリケーションを作っています最後にボットトークを頼むことでボットユーザーのチャンネルを邀請できることができますうーんステップが長くてコンプレックスなの?いい方法はありますか?アップマニフェストをお勧めしますアップマニフェストはYAMLフォマティットコンフィギュレーションバンドルフトゥーズのスラックアプリケーションアップマニフェストをお勧めしますアップマニフェストの例アプリケーショナイムスコープイベントなどアプリケーションはアップマニフェストを頼むことでアップマニフェストのメニューを頼むことで新しいアプリケーションを頼むことでほぼラダンス用のアプがアップマニフェストを頼むことでマニフェストを頼むことで急� questa Pal問エクスリアップアップマニフェストを頼むことでアップマニフェストをつまみアップマニフェストをつまみアップマニフェストが總観することでプレゼントが回ることで今、インタラクティボットを作りましょうボルトを作りましょうボルトは何ですか?ボルトはパイソンフレームワークをスラッグアプリケーションを作りましょうスラッグもジャパスクリプトとジャバーをボルトを作りましょうボルトをスラッグボルトをボルトを取り上げてボルトを高いと送りますボルトを下げて高いと送ります2つのトークを練習して行くのではないズラッグを低くしてボルトを高いとボルトを少し減りボルトを途中できるでも、これが簡単にそのため、ボットを上昇することを行います。アップメッセージのデコレーターは、パターンを抑えて、1. パターンは高い、2. チーズは高い、ボットを上昇することを行います。バッテリーは高い、バッテリーは高い、バッテリーは高い。ボットはメッセージを上昇することを行います。メッセージは、ボットのアップメッセージで作り、ギュSwap型を作成することを行います。ボットがスライド、セ holdのアップメッセージで作られることを行います。バッテリーには正解が分かり、よくプロジェクトすることを行います。この文章を見て、伝算しない場所のインスタッフでラーメン寿司ピザのランダムリーを使用しています。3Tと5Bと100Bを使用しています。BotExtract、NumberとBotExtractを使用しています。スラックボートはブロッキーをサポートしています。コンプレックスメッセージをサポートしています。スラックボートはロッキングをサポートしています。ロッキングを使用しています。Events & ScopesEvents & Scopesは、スラックボートの重要なコンセプトです。Bot can only receive events in bot events.Bot can only execute API eroded by bot token scopes.例えば、メッセージのチャンネルのコンプレックスメッセージである出荷を實現しているものが内容の後に一番問題ははりが完了したそれについて私のふざけている憤れは襲わせずに表示すで ver立った標の文字チャンネルメッセージ。どうしようとしても、私は私のボトルのプライベート チャンネルにアンドスコープを追加します。私はメッセージ.groupsにアプリケーションを追加します。グループ・ヒストリースコープは自然に追加します。私はアプリケーションをリインストールします。そのため、イベント・アンドスコープに変更します。アプリケーションをリインストールします。その後、ボトルのプライベート チャンネルメッセージを追加します。高い音符を繋げます。スコープやイベントを追加します。新アプリケーションを追加します。新アプリケーションを追加します。イベント・アンド・ワスコープをリインストールしております。いいですね。從来に、アプリケーションを追加します。型の研究をつけます。スインパイのファンクションを追加します。モチュベーションを追加しています。私のスマートフォンのアプリケーションを追加します。このプライベートは、自然に追加されたナンバーを追加します。システムを上げて、1つの1を送り、2つの1を送り。シンパイはシンパイのパイソンライバーリーで、シンボリックマスマティックスを使います。これがカルクファンクションです。カルクファンクションはフォーミュラーをスリングで、フォーミュラーを数えます。そして、フォーミュラーを数えます。そして、フォーミュラーを数えます。とにかく、カリキュレーターです。フラスプラス、拾花镜を使用します。モチベーション、チャットするファイコースやプラスクリスカルチャーで、後ろにも一緒にいるような、素晴らしい方法が有り難いと思います。そして、システムを上げ、センクセンイ、カントワースをします。フォーミュラーは、フォーミュラーを使います。このモデルコードのファンクションです。PVはプラスプラスファンクションを使ってプラスプラスやカウント、インクリメント、レスポンスを使ってユーロパイソン、プラスプラス、カウント1、カウント2を使って素晴らしいですジラエピアイズの問題ですモチベーションジラはとても利用していますジラはパイコンJPのタスクマネジメントを使ってジラのウェブはスローですジラのウェブはこのような問題ですシステムオーバービューを用意していますQWadを用意していますジラのレスポンスを用意していますフィップインストールジラファイソンジラですオーセンティケーション、アピアトークを作っていますジラ、パイソンジラのアピアトークを必要ですジラのレスポンスを用意していますジラのレスポンスを用意していますJQLのレスポンスを用意していますJQLはジラのレスポンスを用意しています最後に、ジラのウェブはこのような問題が出ていますジラのウェブはこのような問題が出ていますこのリンクをチェックしていますジラのウェブスページの一つの問題を開けますこのような問題が出ていますモチベーションパイソンブートキャンプたくさんのパイソンブートキャンプのイベントが出ています一つのパイソンブートキャンプのイベントには20プラスの問題が必要ですこのボットのコッピングの問題を手に入れていますジラのウェブはこのような問題が出ていますジラのウェブはこのような問題を手に入れていますエップアップし organisations of the day τェ peace and create issuesand bot get issue templatefrom spread sheets with sheet apiand thenbot create issues with Spring sud 봐요create create create create createGoogle authorization is complexPlease check this slideタイトル、デルタデート、ディスクリプションスプレートシートデータをGoogle Sheets APIでスプレートシートデータをデータをクリエイトジェラでイシュー・ディクトをクリエイトで最後に、コッピング・イシューでクリエイト・イシューをクリエイトでイシュー・テンプレートをクリエイトで最後に、アカウント manipmanagement criticizeラスケスタディパイコンNBドiz両 workspaceI only use Google Admin webOccasionallyI forgot to use Admin whichwhat、 supervisioni sentuser list、create listand bot createor getucalistGoogleアーサリゼーションをご覧くださいこのフライドをご覧くださいリストコードを使用するとここですいいですリストコードを使用しています新たなユーザーを使用するとスラックボットコマンドに新たなユーザーを使用するとGoogle Admin Screenを使用するといいですでもこのコードのセキュリティーを使用すると誰もユーザーをスラックにしていることができますそのためスラックアドミンのユーザーのコマンドに新たなコードを使用するとこのコードはアドミンやノットアドミンをチェックするとスラックボットを使用するとユーザーの .info APIを使用するとユーザーの .info APIを使用するとユーザーのアドミンのパラメーターが正確なことをするとタカノリを使用するとユーザーのアドミンがノットアドミンをチェックするとユーザーがノットアドミンをチェックするとセキュリティーをチェックするとこのコードのサムライヤーを使用するとシンプルボットを使用するとインコミングウェブフックスのボットコマンドを使用するとキモミンを使用して少なじのデザイン同手ガ訂閱を使用します。次のステップにスラックボディをいらっしゃいます。そのようにスラックボジにリアルコ 小さなデザインでお待ちください。このディープエールのコマンドは、これを知っています。お待ちください。ありがとうございました。たかのりさんのスライドボットを作っています。お問い合わせがあれば、皆さんが聞いてください。マイクに来てください。ちょっと質問をします。お問い合わせがあれば、お問い合わせがあれば、一般的なマイクの保護料にすると、やっぱりットロインで通信力が入ってánとお話し中でお聞きします。お問い合わせがあれば、ちょっと意気がありますかさ。おすすめですね。ごめんなさい。ごめんなさい。スラップこのポーズはシンプルこのポーズはフロントチャンネルのメッセージを only send the front channel messageそしてスライドを行うことができますそしてスライドを送ることができますインサイドスレットを送りますAPIをチェックしてくださいスライドとTESとスライドとタイムスタンプスライドのメッセージにスライドを送ることができますありがとうございますおめでとうございますおめでとうございますおめでとうございますスライドのポーズはどこにありますか?ポーズポーズはどこにありますか?このポーズはAWSイシッツのインサイドスレットを送ることができますしかし if you are interestedボルトサーバレスフレームワークをサーバレスしてください試してみてください私はまだ試していませんもう一つの問題をお聞かせしますもう一つの問題をお聞かせしますでは、これで終わりですみなさん、タカノリさんに再びお願いいたしますありがとうございますありがとうございます

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Ziyarat Al-Jami'a Al-Kabira With English Subtitles

Ziyarat al-Jami'a al-Kabira is among the most significant and most superb Ziyarat to recite upon the arrival at the Holy Shrines of the Imams, Peace Be Upon Them. It has been narrated by Sheikh Al-Tusi in his book Al-Tahdhib that this Ziyarah was given by Imam al-Hadi, Peace Be Upon Him to one of his companions upon his request. The content of Ziyarah Al-Jami'a consists of Shia beliefs on Imamate, Imams' positions and duties required from the Shia of Ahlul-Bait. Ziyarat Jami'a Al-Kabira is regarded as a course for knowing the Imams of Ahlul-Bait, Peace Be Upon Them composed in such an eloquent manner and beautiful phrases. Like, follow and subscribe to IHTV’s official YouTube channel here: https://bit.ly/2vfClRT Make sure you're following IHTV for all the latest. Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/imamhussein3tv Twitter: http://twitter.com/imamhussein3tv Instagram: http://www.instagram.com/imamhussein3tv YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/imamhussein3tv Website: http://imamhussein3.tv Support Imam Hussein TV: www.imamhussein3.tv/donate Watch IMAM HUSSEIN TV using the following methods: Website: https://imamhussein3.tv/ Android & iOS App: http://onelink.to/ihtv YouTube: https://bit.ly/2vfClRT Also available on most IPTV boxes Recommended: Apple TV, RoKu Player & Amazon Fire stick Morning Baraka: https://bit.ly/2OvrN9Z Imam Hussein TV 1 (Persian) : https://bit.ly/2zcmtCv Imam Hussein TV 2 (Arabic) : https://bit.ly/2TwiXvk Imam Hussein TV 3 (English) : https://bit.ly/2vfClRT Imam Hussein TV 4 (Urdu) : https://bit.ly/2DvXrRH AlZahra (Turkish): https://bit.ly/2ORtYnl

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بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم اللهم صل على محمدين وآلي محمد السلام عليكم يا أهل بيت النبوة وموضع الرسال ومختلفا الملائك ومهبط الوحي ومعدنا الرحمة وخزان العلم ومنتهى الحلمي وأصول الكرام وقادة الأمم وأولياء النعم وعناصر الأبرار ودعائم الأخيار وساسة العباد وأركان البلاد وأبواب الإيمان وأمنا الرحمن وسلالة النبيين وصفوة المرسنين وعترة خيرتي رب العالمين ورحمة الله وبركانته السلام على أئمة الهدى ومصابيح الدجى وأعلام التقى وذو النها وأن الحجاء وكهف الوراء وورثة الأنبياء والمثل الأعلى والدعوة الحسناء وحجج الله على أهل الدنيا والآخرة والأولى ورحمة الله وبركانته السلام على محال معرفة الله ومساكني بركة الله ومعادني حكمة الله وحفظتي سر الله وحملتي كتاب الله وأوصياء نبي الله ودريتي رسون الله صلى الله عليه وآله ورحمة الله وبركانته السلام على الدعاتي إلى الله والأدلاء على مرضاة الله والمستقرين في أمر الله والتامين في محبة الله والمخلصين في توحيد الله والمظهرين لأمر الله ونهيه وعباده المكرمين الذين لا يسبقونه بالقولي وهم بأمره يعملون ورحمة الله وبركانته السلام على الأئمة الدعاة والقادة الهدى والسادة الولى والذادة الحما وأهل الذكر وأول الأمر وبقية الله وخيرته وحزبه وعيبة علمه وحجته وصراطه ونوره وبرهانه ورحمة الله وبركانته أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له كما شهد الله لنفسه وشهدت له ملائكته وول العلم من خلقه لا إله إلا هو العزيز الحكيم وأشهد أن محمد عبده المنتجب ورسونه المرتضى أرسله بالهدى ودين الحق يظهره على الدين كله ولو كره المشركون وأشهد أنكم الأئمة الراشدون المهديون المعصومون المكرمون المقربون المتقون الصادقون المصطفون المطيعون لله القوامون بأمره العاملون بإرادته الفائزون بكرامته استفاكم بعلمه وارتضاكم لغيبه واختاركم لسره وجتباكم بقدرته وأعزكم بهداه وخصكم ببرهانه وانتجبكم لنوره وأييدكم بروحه ورضيكم خلفاء في أرضه وحججا على بريته وأنصارا لدينه وحفظة لسره وخزنة العلمه ومستودعا لحكمته وتراجمة لوحيه وأركانا لتوحيده وشهداء على خلقه وأعلاما لعباده ومنارا في بلاده وأدلاء على سراطه عصمكم الله من الزلل وأمنكم من الفتن وطهركم من الدنس وأذهبا عنكم الرجس وطهركم تطهيرا فعظمتم جلاله وأكبرتم شأنه ومجدتم كرمه وأدمتم ذكره ووكدتم إيثاقه وأحكمتم عقد طاعته ونصحتم له في السر والعلانية ودعوتم إلى سبيله وكذب الحكمة والموعدة الحسنة وبدلتم أنفسكم في مرضاته وصبرتم على ما أصابكم في جنبه وأقمتم الصلاة وأتيتم الزكاة وأمرتم بالمعروفي ونهيتم عن المنكر وجاهتم في الله حقا جهاده حتى أعلنتم دعوته فبينتم فرائضه وأقمتم حدوده ونشرتم شرائع أحكامه وسننتم سنته وصرتم في ذلك منه إلى الرضاء وسلمتم له القضاء وصدقتم من رسله من مضاء فراغبوا عنكم مارق واللازم لكم لاحق والمقصر في حقكم زاهق والحق معكم وفيكم ومنكم وإليكم وأنتم أهله ومعدنه وميراث النبوتي عندكم وإيام الخلقي إليكم وحسابهم عليكم وفصل الخطاب عندكم وآيات الله لديكم وعزائمه فيكم ونوره وبرهانه عندكم وأمره إليكم موالاكم فقد عال الله ومن عادكم فقد عاد الله ومن أحبكم فقد أحب الله ومن أبغضكم فقد أبغض الله ومن اعتصما بكم فقد اعتصما بالله أنتم السراط الأقوى وشهداء دار فناء وشفعاء دار البقاء والرحمة الموصونة والآية المخزونة والأمانة المحفوظة والبابول مبتلى به الناس من أتعكم نجا ومن لم يأتكم هلك إلى الله تدعون وعليه تدلون وبهي تؤمنون وله تسلمون وبأمره تعملون وإلى سبيله ترشدون وبقوله تحكمون سعدا موالاكم وهلك من عاداكم وخابا من جحدكم وضلنا من فارقكم وفعزا من تمسك بكم وأمنا من لجأ إليكم وسلما من صدقكم وهدية من اعتصما بكم من اتبعكم فالجنة مأواه ومن خالفكم فالنار مثواه ومن جحدكم كافروا ومن حاربكم مشرك ومن رد عليكم في أسفلي درك من الجحيم أشهد أن هذا سابق لكم فيما مضاء وجار لكم فيما بقي وأن أرواحكم ونوركم وطينتكم واحدة طابت وطهرت بعضها من بعض خلقكم الله أنوارا فجعلكم بعرشه محدقين حتى من علينا بكم فجعلكم في بيوت أذن الله أن ترفعا ويذكر فيها اسمه وجعل صلاتنا عليكم وما خصنا به من ولايتكم طيبا لخلقنا وطهارة لأنفسنا وتزكية لنا وكفارة لذنوبنا فكننا عنده مسلمين بفضلكم ومعروفين بتصديقنا إياكم فبلغ الله بكم أشرفا محل المقرمين وأعلى منازل المقربين وأرفع درجات المرسلين حيث لا يلحقه لا حق ولا يفوقه فائق ولا يسبقه سابق ولا يطمع في إدراكه طامع حتى لا يبقى ملكم مقرب ولا نبي مرسل ولا صديق ولا شهيد ولا عالم ولا جاهل ولا دني ولا فاضل ولا مؤمن صالح ولا فاجر طالح ولا جبار عنيد ولا شيطان مريد ولا خلق فيما بين ذلك شهيد إلا عرفهم جلالة أمركم وعظم خطركم وكبراشئنكم وتمام نوركم وصدق مقاعدكم وثبات مقامكم وشرف محلكم ومنزلتكم عنده وكرامتكم عليه وخاصتكم لديه وقربى منزلتكم منه بأبي أنتم وأمي وأهلي ومالي وأسرتي أشهد الله وأشهدكم أني مؤمن بكم وبما آمنتم به كافر بعدوكم وبما كفرتم به مستبصر بشأنكم وبضلالتي من خالفكم موالل لكم ولأوليائكم مبغض لأعدائكم ومعاد لهم سلم لمن سالمكم وحرب لمن حاربكم ومحقق لما حققتم مبطل لما أبطلتم مطيع لكم عارف بحقكم مقرم بفضلكم محتمل لعلمكم محتجب بذمتكم محترف بكم مؤمن بإيا بكم مصدق برجعتكم منتظر لأمركم مرتقب لدولتكم آخذ بقولكم عامل بأمركم مستجير بكم زائر لكم لا إذن عائذون بقبوركم مستشفع إلى الله عزا وجلا بكم ومتقرب بكم إليه ومقدمكم أمام طلبتي وحوائجي وإرادتي في كل أحوالي وأموري مؤمن بسركم وعلانيتكم وشاهدكم وغائبكم وأولكم وآخركم ومفوض في ذلك كله إليكم أمسلم فيه معكم وقلب لكم مسلم ورأي لكم تبع ونصرت لكم معده حتى يحيا الله تعالى دينه بكم ويردكم في أيامه ويظهرك لعدله ويمكنكم في أرضه فمعكم معكم لا معا غيركم آمنت بكم وتوليت آخركم بما توليت به أولكم وبرئت إلى الله عزا وجل من أعدائكم ومن الجبتي والطاغوت والشياطين وحزبهم الظالمين لكم الجاهدين لحقكم والمارقين من ولايتكم والغاصبين لأرثكم الشاكين فيكم المنحرفين عنكم ومن كل وليجة دونكم وكل مطاع سواكم ومن الأئمة الذين يدعون إلى النار فثبتني الله أبدا ما حيته على موالاتكم ومحبتكم ودينكم ووفقني لطاعتكم ورزقني شفاعتكم وجعلني من خيار مواليكم التابعين لما دعوتم إليه وجعلني من من يقتص آثاركم ويسلكوا سبيلكم ويهتدي بهداكم ويحشروا في زمرتكم ويكروا في رجعتكم ويملكم في دولتكم ويشرفوا في عافيتكم ويمكنوا في أيامكم وتقرعينه غدا برؤيتكم بأبي أنتم وأمي ونفسي وأهلي ومالي من أراد الله بدأ بكم ومن وحده قبل عنكم ومن قصده توجه بكم موالي لا أحصي ثناءكم ولا أبلغوا من المدحي كن هكوم ومن الوصفي قدركوم وأنتم نور الأخيار وهدات الأبرار وحجج الجبار بكم فتح الله وبكم يختيم وبكم ينزن الغايف وبكم يمسك السمعاء أن تقعا على الأرض إلا بإذنه وبكم ينفس الهم ويكشف الضر وعندكم ما نزلت به رسله وهبطت به ملائكته وإلى جدكم بعث الروح الأمين آتاكم الله ما لم يؤتي أحدا من العالمين طأطأ كل شريف لشرفكم وبخعا كله متكبر لطاعتكم وخضعا كل جبار لفضلكم وذلّا كل شيء لكم وأشرقت الأرض بنوركم وفازا الفائزونا بولايتكم بكم يسلكوا إلى الرضوان وعلى من جحدا ولايتكم غضب الرحمن بأبي أنتم وأمي ونفسي وأهلي ومالي ذكركم في الذاكرين وأسماءكم في الأسماع وأدسادكم في الأدساد وأرواحكم في الأرواح وأنفسكم في النفوس وأثاركم في الأثار وقبوركم في القبور فما أحلى أسماءكم وأكرم أنفسكم وأعظم شأنكم وأجل خطركم وأوفا عهدكم وأصدقا وعدكم كلامكم نور وأمركم رشد ووصيتكم التقوى وفعلكم الخير وعادتكم الإحسان وسجيتكم الكرام وشأنكم الحق والصدق ورفق وقولكم حكم وحاتم ورأيكم علم وحلم وحزم إن ذكر الخير كنتم أوله وأصله وفرعه ومعدنه ومأواه ومنتها بأبي أنتم وأمي ونفسي كيف أصفوا حسنا ثنائكم وأحصي جميلا بلائكم وبكم أخرجنا الله من الضل وفرجعنا غمرات الكروب وأنقذنا من شفاجر في الهلكات ومن النار بأبي أنتم وأمي ونفسي بموالاتكم علمنا الله معالم ديننا وأصلح ما كان فسدا من دنيانا وبموالاتكم تمت الكلماه وعظمة النعماه وأتلفت الفرقاه وبموالاتكم تقبل الطاعة المفترضاه ولكم المودة وعجباه والدرجات الرفيعة والمقام المحمود والمكان المعلوم عند الله عز وجل والجاه العظيم والشأن الكبير والشفاعة المقبولة ربنا آمننا بما أنزلت واتبعنا الرسول فكتبنا مع الشاهدين ربنا لا تزيق قلوبنا بعد إذ هديتنا وهبلنا من لدنك رحمتان إنك أنتان وهواب سبحان ربنا إن كان وعد ربنا لمفعولا يا أوني يا الله إن بيني وبين الله عز وجل ذنوبا لا يأتي عليها إلا أرضاكم فبحقي من اقتمنكم على سره واسترعاكم أمرى خلقه وقرنا طاعتكم بطاعته لما استوهبتم ذنوبي وكنتم شفاعي فإني لكم مطيع من أطاعكم فقد أطاع الله ومن عصاكم فقد عص الله ومن أحبكم فقد أحب الله ومن أبغضكم فقد أبغض الله اللهم إني لو وجدتوا شفاعا أقربوا إليك من محمدين وأهل بيته الأخيار الأأمة الأبرار لجعلتهم شفاعي فبحقهم الذي أوجبت لهم عليك أسألكا أن تدخلني في جملة العارفين بهم وبحقهم وفي زمرة المرحومين بشفاعتهم أنك أرحم الراحمين وصل الله على محمد وآله الطاهرين وسلمان تسنيمان كثيرا وحسبنا الله ونعم الوكيل

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ADULTING SERIES || home updates & I f*cked up again...

- episode 46- *The first 1000 people to use the link will get a free trial of Skillshare Premium Membership: https://skl.sh/ash01211 Sorry I'm so late with this videOooOooO :( Hope 2021 is going well for all of you 🧡 I mostly documented what I've been doing at home, and of course I can't have a vlog without me making an oopsie -____- (I really need to be better lmao) Will be updating you guys on that hideous wall. Workout video I was exercising to: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h0Sqc90rUY4 #ADULTINGSERIES #독립일기 #ADULTHOOD ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ ❪ PRODUCTS IN VIDEO ❫ ✘ Jewelry gold chain w/ mini pearl from @analuisany https://bit.ly/392yUTI (USE CODE ASHLEY10 FOR 10% OFF) pearl necklace from @daintyandyours rings from @kiraandmisha ✘ Healers t-shirt https://staydiumla.com/collections/healers-x-staydium ✘ DIVE studios hoodie & jogger set https://www.instagram.com/bydivestudios/ ✘ Posters from Desenio https://desenio.com/ ✘ Sunglasses from @sunbuddies https://www.instagram.com/sunbuddies/ ✘ Beige knit set from @revolve @freepeople http://bit.ly/3aD8ucp ✘ Black workout top from @j.ing_official https://bit.ly/3hS2z3q *10% YesStyle discount code // ASHLEY01WBJ)* https://www.yesstyle.com/en/women.html ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ ❪ STAY IN TOUCH ❫ ✘ https://www.instagram.com/ashleybchoi ✘ https://www.twitter.com/lc__ashley ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ ❪ Filmed on ❫ Canon G7X Mark II Sony a5100 iPhone 12 Pro ❪ Edited by ❫ me using Final Cut Pro ﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ ❪ 🎵by ❫ ✘ Music by Cassette Tapes - Love - https://thmatc.co/?l=828B9E1E ✘ Music by Suriel Hess - Don't Wanna Know - https://thmatc.co/?l=D7AFD627 ✘ Music by Nick Bergere - Kandil Snap - https://thmatc.co/?l=739A653B ✘ Music by BETTER LIVVIN - Hold My Tongue - https://thmatc.co/?l=ADE58850 ✘ Music by Grace Chiang - staying in on Sunday (it is well) - https://thmatc.co/?l=3A9832AF ✘ Music by Pure Mids - Everything We Wanted - https://thmatc.co/?l=79A50A10 ___ FTC: This video is sponsored by Skillshare :)

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baby you could keep me going cuz you've been everywhere let me take up all the love you're showing I need it more than air and you know that I'm a suffocate hey guys it's been a while I'm finally uploading after like a little over two weeks yeah sorry it took so long I told myself I would upload weekly but I just haven't been really feeling myself lately I don't know I don't know what was wrong there was nothing specific that happened that made me just not want to do anything but I was just in this little funk but I'm feeling a lot better now so I am finally getting this video up thank you for being so patient with me guys I think I'm over it and I think yeah I think I'm good so I should be okay it was just like one of those weeks where I didn't really want to do anything and even if I vlogged I didn't really feel like sitting down and talking to the camera it was just me doing things that I needed to do especially around the house so that's what this vlog is going to be about actually mostly me at home rearranging my place and adding more stuff to my place because there's not much to do these days yeah it sucks to say because I filmed us right when we moved into 2021 and I wanted to be all motivated and happy and jolly but I just wasn't um and that's fine I hope you guys still enjoy it and I shall be back with another video next week too so enjoy the vlog it's happy 2020 to match my hair I just painted my nails matte black have some things to do now that it is the new year like taking this poster off it is no longer 2020 so so now that this area feels really empty I'm thinking about putting some other small posters on it I do have this poster hanger though that I like but they want to change up this wall I'm just gonna stick this poster here for now by the way this set is from dive studios so cozy and so comfy what I get for using double-sided tape on a wallpaper what am I gonna do because I have to just rip the whole wallpaper off because it has like dirty spots here and I even take the wallpaper off I don't know just got myself into a big mess what the fuck did I just do oh my god pushing the cars together I always have to join on zoom because it was too dangerous for her to come all the way here I usually take the taxi home but we can't get any taxis right now thankfully PD name is going to give us a ride to the nearest subway so I'm gonna go to Bangbae station and then get on the subway and head home at 10 30 p.m. oh my hands are freezing I think I'm gonna go down here why are you coming here? the man is still young so he likes snow this place is like a different country so I'm not waiting for my third train It wasn't snowing that much now. Oh my god. I'm so tired It's like 1140 p.m. I'm also really hungry I'm gonna make myself Tenti sarguksu cup noodle to Warm myself up inched into my PJs. This is warming me up Hi there a quick interruption to talk about today's sponsor of this video skill share If you guys haven't heard of skill share by now skill share is an online community that offers thousands of classes for the curious mind on topics like interior design graphic design art photography Productivity so last time I took a class on graphic design and this time I decided to take a class on finance Called modern money habits five steps to build the life you want to buy Justin Bridges A huge part of a delting is about managing your money and being financially responsible I really like that Justin made this class very approachable because when you hear the word Finance it can be kind of scary and kind of want to run away from it But even for a beginner like me, it was very easy to understand at skill share There are no ads and most classes are under 60 minutes so you can really fit the classes into your schedule It's also separated into different segments Which I found really helpful because you can always go back to specific topics and rewatch it Skill share is always updating with new premium classes So you have so many options to choose from and it's also less than $10 a month with an annual subscription So for my subscribers the first 1,000 people to click the link in the description box will get a free trial of Premium membership, so make sure to check it out and thanks to skill share for sponsoring this video I bought GQ magazine yesterday with Kyori and me on the front cover, and I'm reading it all drinking some coffee Look at her I'm going to cut them up and put them on my wall I have a wall of you the pictures in my dressing room I'm gonna add some more She's just the queen, okay who can pull off anything and everything Also, I recently discovered that my place had a rooftop all along that you can actually use And it was like such a huge rooftop with the view of the numsum tower I was so mad at myself. I was like I Could have taken advantage of this all along during quarantine Enjoy a nice cup of coffee when the weather was nice and yeah, I discovered it in January I mean at least I still have a year and three more months at this place So I'll take advantage of it this year, but because it did snow a lot yesterday I wanted to go up there right now and show you guys what it might look like So clear and pretty So I bought a new mirror from my room and let me open it up Looking very proper almost like a grandma with my hair and this knit Wanted a mirror with a unique shape So when I saw this I was like okay I have to have this I bought it right away because I thought it would sell out. That's my new mirror So I have decided that I want to move this carpet out into the living room where my computer is Just because I feel like it's such a waste of Carpet and I can have the whole thing in the living room You can only see a little bit of it next to the bed. So I think I'm going to try to take it out Let's do this Really tell if I love it or hate it yet. It's cozy I just took a shower, but I feel like working out. So That's what I'm gonna do. That's just me I work out after a shower But it's okay because I don't think I'm gonna be working out to the point where I'm like drenched in sweat It's gonna be a simple morning 15 minute workout routine. So it's not gonna be that bad I'm gonna be following a video by mad fit And touch opposite toe With my workout I made some Modifications and I changed it up a bit because some of the exercises were hurting me But even 15 minutes is better than nothing Even five minutes is better than nothing I'm gonna change back into my PJs and get ready to eat lunch I'm actually filming a what I eat in a week video So all the food that I've been eating will be in a separate video. So look forward to that See you

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Pink Floyd, Baking and Whitewater Kayaking - The Impact of Wikipedia

'The Impact Of Wikipedia' -- How Wikipedia works, in the voices of a few of those who make it. Support Wikipedia: https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_cam... To learn more about Wikipedia, please visit http://blog.wikimedia.org/ Produced during Wikimania 2012 by the Wikimedia Foundation. Also view on Wikimedia Commons: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:The_Impact_Of_Wikipedia.webm

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I'm from Nepal. I'm from Iraq. I'm coming from India. I'm from Byron, New Jersey. I live in Birmingham, England. Chicago, Illinois. I'm from La Paz, Bolivia. I'm from Nairobi, Kenya. I'm from Malaysia. I'm from Milan, Italy. I'm from South Africa. I'm from Poland. I'm from Japan. I'm from Armenia. I'm from Brazil. I'm from Russia. I'm from Botswana. I'm from Israel. I'm from Pakistan. I'm from Hong Kong. I'm from Istanbul. I'm from Mexico. I'm from Tennessee. At the beginning of my joining to PDA in 2008, I started many articles. One of them I think it was about a lady called Maryam Noor. We didn't have an article about it. So this was my first article. So I forget about it. Maybe two or three years later, I passed by this article. I was shocked. More than 100,000 people read this article. They used it. So they got their information from this article. They passed by this article. So you feel like you affected and influenced more than 100,000 people. I was just so terrified when I pushed the edit button for the first time. I thought, oh my God, I'm going to ruin everything. That can't work. I can't do it. Wikipedia is an open source where everyone can throw in his or her idea. And then somebody else comes in and polishes on that idea to make it superb. There are thousands of people working every day, every hour, every minute on Wikipedia to improve it. A lot of it is devolunteerism. This is a unique way to volunteer. It brings together both professionals and amateurs who have a love for a particular topic. The people who had different opinions in the beginning start to collaborate. A lot of what you would assume a large internet corporation would handle is handled by volunteers like me. You just can't say, okay, I'm right, you're wrong, this is my version of the article. If there's an issue of bias, then somebody has probably flagged it. And if not, now I can flag it too. You've got hundreds and thousands of people seeing that and correcting it. And then I pushed the button and bam, the journey started and it was great. First time started with the probability. The first article I have started is probability. One of my main articles I wrote on Wikipedia was the article on stab wounds. I write about fly fishing, Montana history, National Park history, Yellowstone. And they utilize crops. Chess players. Biodiversity. Military history topics. Armenian history. Roman history. Judges. Communication. Biographies. Football. Ireland. Pennsylvania. Mostly photography. Pink Floyd. Baking because I love to bake. Nuclear weapons and radioactivity and whitewater kayaking. There's all this information that's out there that's kind of scattered. And we're putting it together in one place. We are offering free knowledge for everyone in their own language so they can use it. Everyone is benefited by this, whether they are rich or poor. For-profit companies have different motivations and different requirements. From the Wikimedia Foundation, I don't take a salary and I also don't even take expenses. I think it's very important that I'm able to say quite clearly, Look, when I'm asking you for money, I'm not asking you for money for myself. I'm asking you for money for the Foundation, which is the team who supports this amazing community that I'm a part of. I think Wikimedia gave me this chance to really make a huge difference in the world. It's like an investment for your future, for your children's future.

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ElixirConf 2016 - Measuring your Elixir Application by Renan Ranelli

Measuring your Elixir Application by Renan Ranelli You can't optimize what you don't measure"". Collecting metrics is fundamental to any application, and in the {Elixir,Erlang} ecosystem we have already a lot of options to do so. In this talk, I will show we built our metrics dashboard at Xerpa using InfluxDB for storage and Grafana for visualization. I will show how metrics collection can be made simple and non-intrusive in the code, and how Elixir's meta-programming superpowers make this both simple and easy. I will also show what are the benefits of having such setup and how we can leverage InfluxDB's powerful query language (and some crazy tricks too) to analyze the evolution of our application over time and generate business value ultimately. At the end of this talk, I expect to have convinced you that collecting metrics is easy and very valuable to both business and development. I also expect to show that you can live without `New Relic` without much hassle.

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Thank you all for coming. This is measuring your Elixir application. My name is Hennan Hanali. But people call me Mew House. Probably much easier for you guys to pronounce than Hennan. So I'm a senior software engineer at Sherpa. I work full time with Elixir and Clojure Script. I've been doing that for about a year now. And I'm going to talk to you guys about measuring stuff. And before that, I worked with those hell of different languages. I spent a very long time in Ruby and C-Sharp world. So I surfed a lot on very different ecosystems. And this company I work on is called Sherpa. We're a Brazilian startup. I'm from Brazil if you haven't guessed from my accent already. We're a Brazilian startup that tries to do something like Xenophyts, namely, and those other HR platform startups are trying to do here in the US. Here's our home page. We have a home page now. We're very good friends with the guys at Botiform Attack. And when he heard that Elixir have hit 1.0, we decided, well, it looks like if it comes from them, it's going to be good stuff. So we're going to start our company using this brand new, exciting language. We've been doing that for more than a year now. We'd be very happy with the experience. And I'm going to talk to you guys about the experience we had in building the system and how we started measuring stuff in it and the things we discovered along the way. So first of all, why should I care about what Muhouse is trying to say here? Why should I care about metrics? I try to convince you guys about why this is important. And try to give a logic line here. So first of all, we write code. And we do so because it generates business value. Some of us do it because it's fun. I certainly know guys that do this only because it's fun. But most of us that need to pay the bills, we do this because it generates business value. But this business value is generated only when our code runs and not when it's written. If you only had written code sitting somewhere in the corner, it's not generating business value. If we want to, in order to generate this business value, we need to make good decisions about things. And in order to make good decisions about something at all, we must understand it. So our code generates business value when it's running. So we need to understand our code when it is running. And we want to make good decisions because we like getting paid. You want to pay someone that makes bad decisions. But there is a problem with that. It's very hard to reason about code. So I want to propose a challenge here and ask you guys which implementation of this weird dispatch function seems to be faster. Dispatch functions receives a list of data. The first implementation gets this list and maps synchronously over it, doing some kind of IO. Then it waits for all these async tasks to stop and then collects the results. Let's say that this IO is some disk-based IO. And the second implementation doesn't do anything. It's synchronous, but does it in bulk. So anyone at work with databases and disk-based devices know that doing stuff in bulk is always better in a sense of throughput because you can take advantage of aligned rights and things like that. So I would argue that it seems that doing bulk IO should be faster. This is some kind of model I'm constructing in my head about what seems to be faster. But if I show you the actual answer to this is we don't know. We don't know which implementation is faster because, well, maybe there's this one minute sleep beside the some bulk IO implementation. Only by looking at the code, we can't actually say it if it is how it will perform. So the mental model we have of our system is always, it is always flawed. We can never build a perfect model of our system. But wait, there's still hope. And how can we deal with these sorts of problems? Well, we measure stuff. And here is timing executions to both the first implementation and the second implementation. And you can see that the first one performs in 0.3 seconds in wall clock time and the second one in 60 seconds. So we probably should remove that one minute sleep there. As you can see, the remainder of the 60 seconds there, 0.06 seconds, is actually faster. So in order to understand the business value we are generating, we need to see our code for when it generates business value. We need to see it for when it runs. This, my friends, is science. You generate a model, you devise an experiment, you execute the experiment, collect the results, and refine your model. I like to say that this is changing stuff and seeing what happens. That's what we do all the time. And that's why I love being a software developer is because we get to change stuff and see what happens. So I'm going to, this is like a very simple and contrived example to why it is important to measure stuff. But you can imagine that today modern applications, they have lots and lots and lots of different components. And it is going increasingly hard to think about what our system does and how it behaves only through diagrams and things like that. We need to see our code for what it is when it's running. So I'm going to talk now about some types of metrics and how we look at them, what are some important aspects of metrics, and then we'll go and show how we can get to use these in elixir applications. First, the metrics we're interested in are time series. What I mean by time series is that something that varies with time. Like you guys probably have seen things like that, graphs like that. There's some value and it varies with time. That's why it's called a time series. And the first metric we all hear about is the average value. Everyone talks about average values. And average value is defined by this boring math stuff I want to speak about. But it's something like, you can explain it with a thing like that. There's some value that encompasses all the area behind that curve. Those of you who took calculus class in school or college are probably familiar with this picture. And the most important thing here is when you talk about an average value, you need to talk about the period of time to which this average refers to. As we can see in the picture, there's an A value and A. It's not very clear to see, but there's a beginning and an end to the period to which the average refers to. If we fixate the beginning and let the finish go on with time, we'll see a picture like this. The average value will tend to plateau over a specific value. And we will lose completely the sense of recency and the variation of the data. If you guys have, how many of you here measure your things in production? Have something like New Relic and quite a lot of people. So if you were to do this in your platform of choice, fixate the beginning of the average value and let the time go, you'll see something like this. So we completely lose the sense of variability and recency, which is something very important when you're collecting metrics because we don't actually care about, well, how was the response time for this action one month ago? Well, I'm not really interested in that. I'm interested if the response time for this action is 10 times higher than it used to be. It's probably because there is a problem or because we introduced some change that had performance regressions and things like that. We need to take care about a sense of recency. And in order to do that, we can hack the average value formula with that term there to add a weighted average. We tend to give more value to the more recent values. And we get, imagine that the lighter line is the raw metrics and the bright red is the average value. You can see that the average value tends to follow the original value. It retains a little bit of recency. And you can tune the decay exponential to see how much of it you retain or not. So it's very important to take a look at that. Another important aspect of metrics I like to talk about is distribution. Who in here never saw a picture like that? Everyone saw, this is a histogram. There's also a boring math stuff to it. I'm only showing this because I want you guys to know there's theory behind it, but you don't need to know the theory to get job done. So when you're looking at a histogram, many things start to look very clear from the picture. Imagine that this is a measurement of response times of some web application. So you can see that there's two very distinct populations of data here. There's a lot of requests that tend to respond in like 50 milliseconds. And then the thing, there's another population of data that tends to take more time than that. And you can see that by around 250 milliseconds, there's a huge climb in response time and nothing after that. That's probably means we're hitting some time out value. So only by looking at this picture, we can like devise a lot of models of what might be happening in my system. So we're seeing our system for what it is for when it's generating business value for when it runs. And histograms like when you tabulate, then they tend to look something like this. You don't actually report pictures to a metric system. You try to get some values of it like the mean value, the percentiles, who in here doesn't know what a percentile is? Well, a percentile is a value like the 99th percentile is a value in which 99% of all the other values in your sample are below it and 1% are higher than it. So it's like the average value takes 50% of the values to the left and 50% to the right. The percentile is a generalization of this concept. So when you actually collect and report values that are called histograms, you're actually collecting and reporting percentiles and things like that. Histograms are like average on steroids. But you all like in the case of averages, you need to think about to which period does these percentiles refer to? I will talk about how this ends up showing in tooling after that. Another point is resolution. This is a sine wave and it's adequately sampled. So you can from the sample see the shape of the curve. But imagine that I were to sample it like three times slower. I would get a picture like this. As you can see, we are losing lots of peaks between the little dots which are the samples. And we are actually thinking that the frequency to which our data varies is much lower than it actually is. So when you measure stuff, you have to take care to measure stuff in a resolution that shows what actually is happening. You don't want to lose peaks, you don't want to lose these kinds of things. So I have talked about all of this and how do I get started in the real world? Like I'm talking about important aspects of metrics, but how does this translate to my day-to-day? If you want to use metrics in your day job, you have to solve four specific problems. You have to solve how you collect metrics, how you store metrics because you want to store them because you want to query, analyze, and transform this data so that you, and then you can visualize it and make decisions, right? If you only collect data but you don't store it, you're going to lose very valuable information. So now I'll show how we do our metric collections at Sherpa and then explain why we chose this set of technologies. So I'll go backwards here. We visualize our metrics with Grafana. When here has heard of Grafana? Oh, that's surprising. Grafana is very beautiful and very easy to use. We store our metrics in InfluxDB. When here has heard of InfluxDB, fewer people. So InfluxDB is a database tailored for time series data. It is made to store, query, analyze, and transform time series data. It has lots of features that allow you to tune the samples and things like that. And we have four major metric collection points. We have, we use HA proxy to serve assets and things like that. We collect its logs and parse it and report it to InfluxDB. We use collectD. When here has heard of collectD, collectD is a daemon that collects machine information like disk usage, memory, and this raw, more coarse machine, system-level metrics. We have our front-end and closure script. We have a very simple API to which the front-end reports metrics to. And we have our Elixir, Phoenix, Backend, everything, and Sherpa is. Actually, we have mostly these two components, the front-end and closure script, and the back-end, everything we're doing at Elixir. And we, in Elixir side, we use Exometer and Elixometer. Elixometer is actually just a front-end for Exometer, which is a library to collect and gives you various tools to collect. I'll talk more about that, how you report data. So, to collect data, we chose Exometer and Elixometer because they were very easy to set up. It was very easy, very well documented, so we tried it in an afternoon and it all worked fine, so we went for that. We don't have scalability issues and stuff like that yet, so we didn't overthink it, and since the solution worked, we chose it. We have used CollectD extensively in the past, so it's probably best to use something you already know. In FlexDB, it was very, very easy to set up and configure. It is free of charge. It has built-in retention policy configuration, so you get to say for how much time you want to keep the data, how the resolution you want for it, and all of those things are very easy to set up. It has an awesome query language. It is SQL Live query language. It has a feature called Continuous Queries, which you were able to write a query that will run continuously and you use it to transform and analyze data on the go. So it spreads out the load on the storage server. It's very nice, and it plugs similarly with Grafana. It's very easy, if you haven't, we will see how easy it is in just a couple of minutes. And we use Grafana in the past. It's very beautiful, you will see that. And you might ask, why are not using a solution like Splunk, Datadog, and all of those SAS? Who in here uses Neuralix, Splunk? I think that's probably the go-to solution for most people. And in fact, first, we don't like our data outside of our walls. And since we're dealing with HR stuff, there's lots of NDAs and legal obligations. We're not actually allowed to send customer data to third parties. So that's not really an option for us. That's why we built this architecture and we're doing everything by hand, so to speak. So just a quick overview of what Exometer does. This design is, how did this one broke? This design is prevalent in most metrics collection libraries. You have a high-frequency metrics report that comes from the application. There's a layer that stores in memory and updates an aggregated view of the data, like for example, you want to report how long did it take for this controller action to finish? You don't want actually to report every single point, every single request, because it might overload the storage. So you pre-aggregate it and a tool like Exometer gives you enough room to configure and change that. And there's a reporting layer that collects this buffer and adapts it and formats it to how very different backhands might expect its data to come from. So there's an influx DB Exometer reporter that we use. That's one of the reasons why we chose Exometer, because there was already a reporter built for us. So that's mostly, this design is present in Java metrics library, in Ruby metrics library. It's very common. And other tools like StatsD, Telegraph might fit the role of Exometer in our case. Use the one you're most comfortable with. It is very important, I want to emphasize that, it is very important to be able to control the frequency which your storage receives requests. You don't want to overload it. You don't want to spend time thinking about scaling your metrics collection stuff. And that's probably why many people go for hosted solutions, right? Because you don't need to think these problems through. So now I'll show a very simple demonstration how we could measure all requests through a Phoenix app. There are steps by step instructions in this blog post. I have recorded the demo because I'm not brave enough to do it live, so bear with me. So we're starting a new Phoenix project. I haven't like edited the video, so it would look more real. So I think I was, pretend I'm typing here. And we're starting a new project called metrics. Everything live. And now we won't need to configure Exometer and the reporter, so we go into mix. We add the dependencies there. With the, there's some sort of hacking you need to do to get the dependencies right because some libraries have conflicting declared dependencies, but everything works. We've been using this in production for over six months, so believe me, it's safe to do so. There's this amazing feature of Phoenix. One of the things I like most when I saw it is this override true option where you can say, well, screw your dependency revolution algorithm. I want you to use this version. Well, it's very not, who haven't spent hours trying debugging version issues, right? So after we got the dependencies there, we need to add a lexometer to our list of applications, standard procedure. And in config.exe, we add the configuration for a lexometer and the exometer reporter. All we have to do is like copy and paste and changing stuff that changes your case. So we're creating a DB and influx DB called elixirconf. We will see March of that afterwards. Well, I tried to compile, but it won't compile because I forgot to change my directory and I forgot to get the dependencies. You can see that it's more real when there are errors involved, right? So now it will probably compile and compile all the dependencies and it will take a couple of seconds, bear with me. Am I speaking too fast? It's very weird because when you're speaking in a different language, you're like, you don't know if anyone is understanding anything. So now what we're gonna do is we'll start Docker containers with Grafana and influx DB. Now I will start a container with influx DB version 0.10. There's an error there. So I have already downloaded stuff, so you won't need to wait. And the same thing for Grafana. That's not actually what we do in production because, well, we don't use Docker in production for various philosophical reasons, but yeah, I won't actually talk about that. So, come on. So we have started the services and here's Grafana. It is live. It is very securely protected with admin admin credentials. So it's working, right? We can see that we have probably stuff. So in order to set up a data source for influx DB, we need to choose the type of the data source, give it a name, credentials, and things like that. That's all it actually needs to do to connect Grafana to influx DB. And there's a mistake there that's not actually there that you need to put the credentials. So there it goes. So Elixir Conf, the database we put in config.exe, and data source is added. And when you click test connection, if it is green, it means it worked. That's very nice of the configuration to be able to do that. So, and now we actually need to create the Elixir Conf database, much like we do when we're using a relational database. Influx DB exposes an HTTP API. So we just use curl here to send stuff. So, all right, it's 200, means it is okay. Elixir Conf database is created. And now what we're gonna do is we're gonna configure our recently created Phoenix app to measure every single request that passes through it. We're going to make a graph of it afterwards. So we're going to use plug. We're creating a metrics plug that in web.exe we're adding it into the controller. So anything that you put in this code of expressions in controller is going to be injected in every single controller in your app. So that's a seam you have in Phoenix apps to customize and metaprogram things. So now we're going to actually create this metrics plug. And so, who in here is familiar with plug in Phoenix? All right, so I will need to explain a lot of it. So, in order to report metrics, we need to put that use alexometer clause. That's all we need to do to get all of alexometer reporting functions to create metrics and things like that. It's very easy to do so. We like every plug definition, we just don't use the options. So, we'll annotate the start time of our request using Erlang's monotonic time. This will give the instant in time where, in milliseconds, where the request started. And then we will have, before sending the data back to the user, we're going to get the period of time, get the interval of time for that. So, if you want to have a counter, all you have to do is call update counter, give it a name and the amount of increment you want to put on. And to use a histogram, it's pretty much the same. So, we're going to define a metric name afterwards and we're going to put the request duration in that histogram. We're going to define the request duration and use a function we have not wrote yet called elapsed time that will give us the elapsed time for the request in milliseconds. And as with every single plug, you have to return the connection. Since we're not changing anything in the connection, we just return it. So, what we're going to do is just get the monotonic time at the end of a request, subtract from the start time, and that is all. Now, we need to create a name for this metric. We don't want all of our metrics reported to the same metric, right? Every single action reporting to the same metric name. So, Phoenix gives us a very easy way to do that. In Phoenix Controller, you can get the action name from the con and the controller name with the similar name function. It is very easy. To get that information out of Phoenix. One of the things that I like most about Phoenix is how explicit everything is. So, the name of our metric is going to be the name of the controller slash hash, I don't know, the name of the action. But we forgot, we actually need to execute this duration when the request is, just before the request gets responded. And we do that using the register before send function we have in plug con. This will, just before sending the response back to the user, it will call every function you pass to it. Since, yeah. So, what, sorry? Oh, yeah, it's weird, eMaxHackery. I haven't even realized, sorry. It's the fn, like, it's a chart for the fn. Yeah, that happens when you use eMax to long. So, that is all we need to do. And we're going now to create a test action in a page controller only to show how this works. And in page controller we will define a test action just exactly the same as index but with a timer sleep in there. So, we'll sleep for some time and this time is going to be a uniformly varied random number from zero to 500 milliseconds. So, now we're going to start our Phoenix app, right? So, if you see this message in FlexDB report a connection success, that means it worked and it is now reporting Xometer metrics to in FlexDB. So, now we're going to access this recently created route. As we can see it worked, right? Hello, metrics, hello, elux.com. And we can see in the logs that stuff's working. Right? So, now we're going to write a very simple shelf script that will keep making requests to our page so we can graph them over time. So, I think I would just accelerate stuff a bit here. So, we're not at shelf script comp. So, I have like a pathological love for shelf scripts. I figured that most people don't have the same love I do. But let me just show what we're doing here. Just a second. Come on. Well, yeah, that's right. What you're going to do here is we'll silently execute what we were doing in the browser. So, we will not see output in the terminal. And we're going to spawn a given number of curl processes and then wait for all of them to stop. So, what we're going to do is we'll run the script and we'll continuously keep making requests to our Phoenix app. Hit dot us H. We forgot to give it the number of concurrent requests we want to keep happening. So, there it is. It is waiting because we have stopped our Phoenix app. We get it back to foreground. And now things will start to keep rolling, right? So, in the background you can see different numbers for the request time there going fast. So, it means our sleep is working. Now, we're going to create a dashboard in Grafana to show this reporter metrics. So, one of the things I love the most about Grafana is the query editor. You don't actually need to know in FlexDB's query language. You can just point and click at stuff and it works. Reminds me of the time I was working with SQL Server. So, there you choose the data source and we're going to get the last five minutes of reporter metrics. And you can select all of the various parameters and everything. So, what we're doing here is the green line is the mean time it takes to respond to requests and the yellow line is the maximum, the maximum. No, the ninth, nine, ninth percentile. So, it is just logical that the higher the percentile, the higher the value. So, the higher the value. So, as you can see there, the average value we wait, the average time we wait when doing this request is around 250 milliseconds, which is what you expect from a uniform distribution from zero to 500 and the maximum value is 500 milliseconds. So, means it's doing okay. It's doing okay. So, that's all I have for the demo and other things that you should be measuring in Elixir and Erlang applications. The Erlang VM is awesome. That is why we are all here. There are lots of resources out there on how to measure, monitor and operate it. Sadly, I don't have enough time to go in depth about it. I tried to give a high level overview of why it is important to collect metrics and how easy it is to get started with an architecture like we did. You don't need to get your data off your grounds. But, there's a very nice library called VMStats that help you gather virtual machine metrics. Measuring stuff in the Erlang VM is actually, there's lots of caveats to it. It's not like every other language that I worked with. And, there's this great book called Stuffs Goes Bad, Erlang and Anger by Fred Hubbard that gives invaluable information on how you can profile and inspect a production live system in Erlang. If you don't know Fred Hubbard, he's the guy who wrote the learning of summer lung for great good, which is a great book, highly recommended. And, some closing remarks with, yeah, just finishing our time here. Find seams in your code where you can plug measurements, like plug itself. Try not to spread metrics reporting everywhere. Like, it gets really, really fast. It gets like, those logging, who in here haven't worked in an application where there's logs everywhere and you can't see the damn business logic because there's so many logs. And, it's very easy to get to that point of metrics too, I say from experience. Try not to spread your metrics reporting everywhere. It's very hard to make reason of them if you do it that way. Try to separate high-level measurements from low-level ones. And, this is just the beginning. After you have this infrastructure in place, you have to start doing analysis, correlation, and other boring math stuff. There's where the real goal is. Having a metric that you don't look at and don't drive your decisions is not valuable at all. One of the things I like to do is bend the metrics to generate alerts. Like, if the response time of this action is taking more than 500 milliseconds, something's probably wrong. So, you can plug that in PagerDuty on whatever alert system you're using. So, it's very easy to do so on Influx DB2. There's a product from Influx called Capacitor. I think that does exactly that. Another similar metrics collection architecture described in that blog post. It came, like, one week after I finished this, making those lights. It's a very good read, too, from the guys at Football Addicts. Zed Shaw has an awesome post about statistics and how we can use the statistics. And the title of the blog post is, programmers need to learn statistics or I will kill them all. It's a very entertaining read. And thank you. These are my contacts and I think we have enough time for questions. Or we do not. I don't know. So, it was my first talk in English. I was completely terrified. So, it's a very different beast speaking a different language. Okay, I think it's working. How does Grafana and InfluxDB compare to Elasticsearch and Kibana? Okay, I haven't used Elasticsearch and Kibana, not for this use case, but it seems that it's likely that they fit the same role in reporting. Elastic has a suite of products, like Influx does, that gives you a batteries-included solution for alerting and things like that. I think that you probably, with Logstash, Kibana, Elasticsearch, you solve the same problem we did here with Influx and Grafana and Exometer. So, I don't know, use whatever you have experience with, with whatever you feel it's more appropriate. But the main point, because we chose these architectures, that when we started doing it a year ago, we had libraries that solved most of the problems for us. So, I think that today, the landscape might have changed in the Elasticsearch community, but yeah, have I answered your question? Okay, I don't know much about Kibana, so. Sorry about that. Any more questions? So, I think that's it. Thank you. Thank you.

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There is no Black Sea Fleet of Russia anymore, Ukraine hit Russian “Ivan Khurs” ship

#Kanal13​ #likekanal13​ #subscribekanal13 #warinukraine https://www.youtube.com/user/kanal13az?sub_confirmation=1 - SUBSCRIBE TO US! During the strike on Sevastopol, the Ukrainian Defence Forces hit two large landing ships of the occupants - Yamal and Azov. The attack by the Ukrainian Defence Forces caused a nervous reaction among Russian propagandists. Z -"war correspondent" Yegor Guzenko confirmed the hitting of the Yamal and Azov large landing ships: "The fact remains, the Black Sea Fleet is no more". The Russian military correspondent also hinted that another Russian ship, the Ivan Khurs, may have been hit. This information is also confirmed by sources of the ASTRA Telegram channel, which said that the Ivan Khurs was hit by two missiles at once. The UK's defense ministry declared Russia's Black Sea Fleet "functionally inactive" after Ukraine claimed to have struck another two of its ships. UK Defence Minister Grant Shapps wrote that Ukrainian attacks are taking a "massive" toll on the Russian fleet, in a post that appeared to confirm a pair of strikes Ukraine announced on last Sunday. "Russia has sailed the Black Sea since 1783 but is now forced to constrain its fleet to port," Shapps wrote. "And even there Putin's ships are sinking!". Earlier, Ukraine announced that it had struck two large landing vessels in the port of Sevastopol, in Crimea. Some sources said the missiles used to hit the Yamal and Azov were likely UK-supplied Storm Shadow cruise missiles. The Yamal sustained critical damage to part of its upper deck and is taking on water, Ukraine's Defense Intelligence claime. A communications center and several infrastructure buildings in Sevastopol were also hit, the General Staff of Ukraine's armed forces said. The extent of the damage to the Azov is not immediately clear. According to The Telegraph, each ship would cost about $215 million to replace with modern equivalents. http://youtube.com/kanal13az/join - click here and support Kanal13 monthly for distributing more videos and independent journalism http://t.me/kanal13tv & https://bit.ly/37BVMqU https://www.youtube.com/user/kanal13az?sub_confirmation=1 https://bit.ly/2Rs6MB3 #lastminutenewsfromukraine #kanal13ukraine https://bit.ly/2V19Fdy Click here and just subscribe to Kanal13 - https://www.youtube.com/user/kanal13az?sub_confirmation=1 https://www.youtube.com/KANAL13AZ/join *ATTENTION: If you woul like to contact with US please, write to +49176 75077516 WhatsApp ▌▌►Website: http://kanal13.tv/ http://www.facebook.com/tvkanal13 https://twitter.com/Kanal13Az https://www.instagram.com/kanal13.az Click & Subscribe to the main youtube Channel © KANAL13 [ Azərbaycanın ilk peşəkar internet televiziyası ] The First Internet TV of Azerbaijan Tags: #Ukriane, #Russia, #Putin, #Putler, #Russian invasion of Ukraine, #Zelenski, #Kiev, #Kyiv, #Kadirov army, #Kadirov, #Kherson, #Bucha, #Kharkiv, #Ukrainian pilots, #vagners, #Russian tanks, #NATO, #drones, #Moscow, #Kreml, #war victims #Ukraina, News, The Washington Post, waPo Video, Washington Post Video, Washington Post YouTube, a:politics, aid, biden, putin, s:Politics, support, t:Other, Ukraine, war, fact check, news coverage, Donald Trump, news, wp video, forbes, nytimes, newspaper, media, journalism, Ilham Aliyev, Baku, Azerbaijan, Israel, Gaza, Palestine, Tel-Aviv, Garabag, Karabakh, football, ronaldo, messi, brian tyler cohen

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There is no Black Sea Fleet of Russia anymore. Ukraine hit Russian Ivankov's ship. During the strike on Sevastopol, the Ukrainian Defence Forces hit two large landing ships of the occupants, Yamal and Azov. The attack by the Ukrainian Defence Forces caused a nervous reaction among Russian propagandists. Z-War correspondent Yegor Gozenko confirmed the hitting of the Yamal and Azov large landing ships. The fact remains the Black Sea Fleet is no more. The Russian military correspondent also hinted that another Russian ship, the Ivan Kurs, may have been hit. This information is also confirmed by sources of the Astra Telegram channel, which said that the Ivan Kurs was hit by two missiles at once. The UK's Defence Ministry declared Russia's Black Sea Fleet functionally inactive after Ukraine claimed to have struck another two of its ships. UK Defence Minister Grant Schapps wrote that Ukrainian attacks are taking a massive toll on the Russian fleet in a post that appeared to confirm a pair of strikes Ukraine announced last Saturday. Russia has sailed the Black Sea since 1783, but is now forced to constrain its fleet to port. Schapps wrote, and even there Putin's ships are sinking. Earlier, Ukraine announced that it had struck two large landing vessels in the port of Sevastopol in Crimea. Some sources said the missiles used to hit the Yamal and Azov were likely UK-supplied storm shadow cruise missiles. The Yamal sustained critical damage to part of its upper deck and is taking on water Ukraine's Defence Intelligence claim. A communication centre and several infrastructure buildings in Sevastopol were also hit. The general staff of Ukraine's armed forces said the extent of the damage to the Azov is not immediately clear. According to the Telegraph, each ship would cost about $215 million to replace with modern equivalents. Russian missile passed over Poland. Poles refused to shoot it down so as not to endanger people. Lieutenant General Jacek Gorizowski, spokesperson for the operational command of the Armed Forces of Poland, has explained that a Russian missile that entered Polish airspace on the night of the 23rd to the 24th of March was not downed because the Polish military realised that it would leave Poland's airspace and an attempt to down it would have put civilians at risk. Gorizowski explained that the decision not to shoot down the missile was taken by the commander of the Armed Forces operational command. The decision was based on the information from our radar systems. The assessment of the missile's trajectory, speed and altitude showed that it would leave our airspace, he added. He added that an attempt to down the missile would have posed a greater risk for locals. A missile weighs over 2 tons, 400 kg of which is the payload. After the missile had been downed, missile debris would have fallen on our territory. The remains of the effector used to down it would also have landed there, he explained. Gorizowski noted that if the missile had flown deeper into Poland, a decision to down it using pairs of F-16 fighter jets may have been taken. It is the operational commander who assesses the situation and is authorised to make that decision. On the other hand, even after receiving permission to down a missile, a fighter jet pilot may decide not to do it if there is a risk that debris could fall on a hospital or a school. The location of the missile's landing site is also important in making the decision, he explained. Gorizowski added that Russia deliberately manoeuvres its missiles in such a way that they circle round and strike targets in Ukraine from the west. The Ukrainian air defense has realised that most Russian missiles come from the east or north. The defenders are less likely to expect an attack from the west, he said. On the 24th of March, Polish airspace was violated by a manoeuvring missile launched from a long-range Russian warplane. The missile entered Polish airspace near the village of Osado in the Lublin Voivodeship and remained there for 39 seconds.

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Jimmy Dore is STILL Lying About COVID Vaccines Even After Being EXPOSED

Watch Shaun's Takedown of Jimmy Dore: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5wRDLf54Scs Source: https://twitter.com/Nitzky89/status/1462826376256536583 Oxford Study Finds Evidence COVID Vaccines Reduce Transmission: https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/vaccinated-people-are-less-likely-spread-covid-new-research-finds-n1280583?fbclid=IwAR2R2H0Sk31xcmh81iOSE1rGirA0daYv5Ntgn7m4xiLOx5y-367e_o_sqb8 COVID Vaccines Have Saved Thousands of Lives: https://www.commondreams.org/news/2021/10/05/covid-vaccines-prevented-nearly-40k-deaths-among-us-seniors-january-may-report https://www.cnn.com/2021/07/08/health/covid-vaccinations-prevent-deaths-hospitalizations/index.html Get early access to videos by supporting us on Patreon, YouTube or PayPal! Sign up here: http://www.patreon.com/humanistreport or here: http://www.humanistreport.com/support.html or here: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC7Q4rvzJDbHeBHYk5rnvZeA/join ************************ Visit Our Website: http://www.humanistreport.com/ Follow Us on Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/HumanistReport Like Us on Facebook: http://www.facebook.com/humanistreport Follow Mike on Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/mike.figueredo/ Follow Mike on Twitch: https://www.twitch.tv/humanistreport Audio Available on iTunes, Spotify, SoundCloud, and iHeartRadio ************************ The Humanist Report (THR) is a progressive political podcast that discusses and analyzes current news events and pressing political issues. Our analyses are guided by humanism and political progressivism. Each news story we cover is supplemented with thought-provoking, fact-based commentary that aims for the highest level of objectivity. #HumanistReport #THR #MikeFigueredo

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Just weeks after youtuber Shawn brilliantly exposed how Jimmy door purposefully misrepresents articles in order to peddle anti-vaccine misinformation Jimmy door is once again peddling anti-vaccine misinformation and this time he's going to take aim at Ryan Grimm because Ryan Grimm Dared to share that he got the COVID booster now Not only is he offended by the fact that Ryan Grimm got the COVID-19 booster, which I will be getting as well But he says things he makes claims about the efficacy of vaccines that are just factually incorrect take a look I was watching the hill the other day and The DC bureau chief of the intercept said that he got his booster shot Ryan Grimm said he got his booster shot because The holidays are coming up and he didn't want to transmit the virus to other people in his family And it's like you fucking dummy the vaccine doesn't stop you from transmitting the virus It doesn't that you are not you are not he's virtue signaling You're not protecting anyone else by getting vaccinated. You fucking propagandist at the hill That's the DC bureau chief dumber than a fucking pothead comedian in his garage That's the DC bureau chief of the intercept spreading medical misinformation And they of course won't be flagged for it because they're on the corporate fucking algorithm And though they get pushed and they never get suppressed But this gets the actual accurate information on COVID will be suppressed, but their bullshit doesn't it gets pushed That was a complete medical misinformation Ryan Grimm from the DC bureau chief of the intercept gave on his on the hill on that show Saying that he got a booster shot So he didn't transmit the virus to old people in his family over the holidays. That's not how the virus Well, that's not all the vaccination works. You fucking moron. I know that and I'm high Okay, there's just one problem Jimmy You're wrong predictably so and probably purposefully so now knowing what we know. Thanks to Sean I'll link you to that video down below by the way if you haven't seen it yet So let me explain to you why Jimmy door is wrong and why the vaccines actually do reduce transmission So a University of Oxford study looked at a sample of 150,000 contacts that were traced from 100,000 COVID-19 cases and here's what they found people who are vaccinated against COVID-19 Are less likely to spread the virus even if they become infected a new study finds Adding to a growing body of evidence that vaccines can reduce transmission of the Delta variant The article then goes on to explain when infected with the Delta variant a given contact was 65% less likely to test positive if the person from whom the exposure occurred was fully vaccinated with two doses of the Pfizer vaccine With AstraZeneca a given contact was 36% less likely to test positive if the person from whom the exposure occurred was fully vaccinated and those are the facts the vaccines do in fact reduce transmission and it's not like they're 100% effective at reducing transmission But if you are infected with the COVID-19 after you've been vaccinated, you are substantially less likely to transmit it if you've been Vaccinated with the Pfizer or AstraZeneca vaccines as those were the ones that were looked at in this particular study But that's if you get infected all together because again the vaccines reduce the likelihood that you will be infected with COVID-19 Therefore if you don't get infected you don't spread the virus So contrary to what Jimmy Dore is saying the vaccines are really important in stopping the spread of COVID-19 those are the facts something that Jimmy Dore doesn't actually care about But I just want to point out something notice how I jumped around in that article that I read myself And didn't have my producer read for me because I don't have a producer But I read the article and yes I did jump around like Jimmy Dore did in the video where he was called out by Sean But notice how I didn't intentionally misrepresent the overall claim that the article was making and notice how I was both precise While I was still being concise. It's possible to do two things at once You see it's because I'm trying to present you with an accurate image of what the data says Whereas Jimmy Dore is cherry-picking data in order to construct a particular narrative that is a leading credibility to his Anti-vaccine narrative, but I just love all of the hubris here. Jimmy Dore says you fucking dummy The vaccine doesn't stop you from transmitting the virus and then Max Blumenthal just like nods and a disappointment These are fucking actors. These aren't newscasters. They're not truth-tellers. These are bullshitters Okay, Jimmy Dore then goes on to accuse Ryan Grimm of quote spreading medical misinformation And they of course won't be flagged for it because they're on the corporate fucking algorithm and they get pushed And they never get suppressed, but this gets the accurate information He's the one who's giving you the accurate data on COVID-19 vaccines This will be suppressed. Well, first of all, it sounds like Jimmy Dore is calling for Ryan Grimm to be censored Which I thought he was against censorship second of all Jimmy Dore is being promoted by the algorithm out of all of the left wing youtubers when he still identified as a leftist He was the only one that I saw trending on the YouTube page and the reason why He's doing all of these anti-vax videos is because he knows the YouTube algorithm is rewarding him for that Handsomely so that's why he does it even if he knows that the misinformation he's spreading violates YouTube's terms of service He's willing to take that risk because the payoff is that good because he knows the algorithm will in fact push his channel Now I have no idea if he believes his own lies or if he's just creating propaganda because it's profitable But before he realized how lucrative anti-vaccine videos were he was saying something very different about the COVID-19 vaccines So this is what he tweeted out in March 28th of 2020. This is why I'm staying quarantined until there's a vaccine see you in summer of 2021 well fast forward to 2021 and we now have a vaccine that is indeed effective and Life-saving in fact the COVID-19 vaccines have saved hundreds of thousands of lives specifically They saved 40,000 lives of seniors between January and May and nearly 280,000 lives in general just in the United States And this is a bit outdated so by now who knows how many lives the vaccines have saved But if your jimmy door sharing facts about the vaccines isn't actually good for your bottom line because you have a right-wing conspiratorial audience that goes through your channel and they expect you to confirm their pre-existing biases about the vaccines and Because they expect you to Tell them that the vaccines are bad You're gonna do just that because you know they turn on you an unsubscribe and mass if you did anything other than just that Now Ryan Grimm responded to Jimmy door and he said basically what I said he was very reasonable He says Jesus fucking Christ It is a well-established fact that if you are vaccinated you are less likely to get infected if you are less likely to get Infected you're less likely to spread it not hard to understand this guy needs to move on from me It's so weird. I never said you can't transmit it if you're vaccinated or boosted I said you're less likely to that's a fact this guy's insane apparently this eludes so many people But simply one if you're vaccinated you're less likely to catch COVID-2 if you don't have COVID you can't spread it and three you are therefore less likely to spread COVID if faxed Yeah, except Ryan Grimm doesn't pander to right-wingers like Jimmy door does see if Jimmy door Didn't say the things that he was saying about the vaccines Perhaps his friend Tucker Carlson wouldn't invite him on his program Perhaps all of these new subscribers that are tuning in to see him spread anti-vaccine misinformation would go away So Jimmy door knows exactly what he's doing So I will be getting my COVID-19 booster and I eagerly await my attack from Jimmy door Feel free to call me a dummy live on Twitter you simultaneously Tell everyone how stupid you are which is really weird I mean if you acknowledge that you're stupid and you're just the pothead comedian Maybe shut the fuck up about things that you know nothing about maybe stay in your lane and do comedy for once I know that and I'm spreading medical misinformation and I'm high you fucking moron

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I Moved To A Haunted House But No One Believes Me.

Are you afraid of dolls? Author: u/MPZ1968 (CreepyGeeksta) ►Written By: https://www.reddit.com/r/Wholesomenosleep/comments/pyi3s4/mrs_chesters_house_of_dolls/ ►Story: https://www.reddit.com/r/TheMindOfMikey/comments/py7vep/mrs_chesters_house_of_dolls/ ►New Merch! At https://lighthousehorror.com/ My Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/LighthouseHorror Special Thank You To Patrons: Teri Middleton, Absinthe Alice, ZombieFox, Seasalt Flavour, Jen M., Chris Barth, Jacob Stringfellow, Joey Chamberlin , Dr Serene, Cap'n Bootz, Mathew Steele, Gemma Hasley, LemonFluff , Veruca Salt , Meilline , Suzanne Gereaux, Jonathan Demoisey, Ripkora, TheEchoNight, Dhawal Chheda, Jessica Lang, Sara Cagle, Carol Cosgrave, Emmy, Shannon M. , Elijah Phillips, Ms. Jackalope .J. Johnstone, Thorin_Oakenshield, Lee Kendall , PsychicLiberty, Randy McMullen, Nicole Card, Justen Nidhogg, Vincent Shadetree, Tim Domeika, Sean Watson, Jennifer Slawter, Neil Mason, Matthew Hayes, Stannis Baratheon, Linda Hill, John P Rummel, Sharon Cunningham, Barbie J Lecaroz, Kelly Roth, William N Casti, Your Suffering Will Be Legendary, Vanessa, Kee Fabulous, DarkValkyrie, Jeni Hammond, Tonya Ann, Eden, Ibelin, HauseofJenn, Eve, Jaxson McNaughton, Schon Smith, Adam Horton, Bonnie Manz ►Sound Effects: https://freesound.org/ https://www.zapsplat.com Thank you for watching the creepypasta narration! If you enjoyed the new creepypasta story, please like, share, and tap the bell to hear new horror stories narrated every week! A special thank you to Lucas King, Myuu, & Kevin MacLeod, for the incredible music! ► https://www.youtube.com/user/LucasKingPiano ♪ ► http://bit.ly/Myuusic ♪ ► https://incompetech.com/ ♪

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After my parents got divorced, I went to live with my father. I would have preferred to live with my mother. But my parents agreed that since I was a boy, I would live with him. A boy should be raised by his father, honey. I love you. Be good for dad. Were the last words my mother said to me as we left the courthouse. She got in her car and drove away. Dad and I got in his truck and did the same. I was 12 years old at the time. As the years went on, I would see my mother every other weekend from five o'clock on Friday until five o'clock on Sunday, just like they agreed to, as well as Wednesday nights from four to eight. Mom kept the house while dad and I lived with his parents, my grandparents, in their small cottage home. It was a little cramped, but we all seemed to manage. I had finally gotten used to the weekend visits with my mom and the cramped living arrangements at my grandparents' house. When my father threw a monkey wrench into the whole thing, he came home from work one afternoon and announced that he was offered the position of store manager for the Chester town store. He accepted the position and that we'd be moving to Chester town in two weeks. I was 16 at the time. Now, I had no idea where Chester town was. So I asked my father. He had no idea either. He took out his phone, loaded up Google Maps and typed in the address of the store. Come to find out. It was five hours away. I was not happy. I mean, I wouldn't be able to see my mom as much and I'd have to leave my friends at school. The last day before we left, I spent the whole day with my mom. Unlike most divorces, my parents were actually civil toward each other and just grew apart over the years. So when my mom dropped me off that night, she told me that my father and her had worked out an arrangement. He would have me during the school year and she would have me during the summer and that I could call her any time. I felt a little bit better. She then hugged me. We said our goodbyes and I went into the house. The next morning we left. On the way there, my father told me that he'd bought a house for us to live in just outside of town for barely next to nothing. It was a town referred to by the townspeople, unbeknownst to us at the time, as the dollhouse on the hill. Kinda corny, right? We later found out why it was called that and why it was so cheap, but more on that later. Now, it was a big house, huge even. It was three stories high, four if you count in the attic, with seven bedrooms, three and a half bathrooms, a large industrial sized kitchen, a living room bigger than most studio apartments, two fireplaces, a parlor, a study, and a full-sized, fully functioning in-ground swimming pool. And what looked to be a child's playground in the basement? That's right. The basement. Complete with a slide, a sandpit, a metal climbing structure, a swing set, a few bouncy balls and building blocks with astroturf on the floor giving the illusion of grass, as well as six little doors, about four feet tall, three on the left and three on the right. Which was kinda odd to me. The house also had a small conservatory, or greenhouse if you will, on the back side of it. I told you, it was huge. It came fully furnished with old Victorian-styled furniture and accessories. Now, the first couple nights we were there went rather uneventful. My father and I settled in, hung out, drank coffee, and talked. Shortly after that, things began to get weird. Nothing really too extreme and could easily be explained away, but still unnerving. You see, my father chose a bedroom on the second floor, and I chose to make the attic my bedroom. It was a huge attic that extended the whole length of the house. Right with a ceiling fan with lights in the middle, sand colored carpet on the floor, and the drywall painted sky blue. The attic door had three little holes in a triangle pattern, about three quarters of the way up on the left side, as well as three identical holes just in reverse, in the door frame next to the other three holes. Like someone put a hasp for a padlock on there, and then removed it. There was already a twin bed and a small dresser with a lamp up there. The rest was completely empty. So I guess you could say that the house had eight bedrooms. I was lying in bed one night, the moonlight shining in through the window, trying to go to sleep. When I heard them, very faint whispers. I couldn't understand what was being said and just chalked it up to the wind blowing through tiny air gaps between the window frame and the structure of the house. And I just went to sleep. It was an old house after all. The next morning I asked my father if he'd heard anything, and he said no and left for work. I didn't start school until the coming Monday, so I was home all alone. With the cable guy scheduled to come on Tuesday, I couldn't watch TV, so I decided to explore the house a little. Downstairs was pretty much normal, living room, kitchen, parlor, study, a half bathroom, and the pool. The upstairs, however, was a little different. The second floor had two bedrooms on the left and two on the right, a bathroom in the middle of the ones on the right, with a master bedroom, my father's bedroom at the end of the hall with its own bathroom, and a staircase leading up to the third floor on the right of the bedroom door. The third floor had two giant bedrooms, one on the left and one on the right, a bathroom at the end of the hall, and the attic door on the left of it. Why my father bought such a big house when there was only the two of us I didn't understand, but I really liked it. I remembered the layout from when my father and I first walked through. I then began exploring the unused bedrooms. I walked in the first bedroom on the left, and there was nothing out of the ordinary. At first, there was a bed, an armoire, a desk with a mirror, a chair in the corner, and an area rug on the floor. Normal, right? Well, it wasn't until I went into the closet that it became not so normal. I opened the closet door and there, right in front of me, was another four foot high door, just like the ones in the basement. What the hell? I thought. I bent down and extended my hand to open it. When I heard a little girl giggle right behind me, I quickly leapt to my feet, spun around, and there was no one there. Who was that? I said, Come play with us. I heard a little girl's voice say from behind me, followed by another giggle. I turned around to see the little door opening all by itself and an arm slowly extending out of it. I was completely terrified. I ran out of the room, down the stairs, out the front door, and ran halfway into the yard, turning back to look at the house. I swear, I saw a little girl with blonde hair, wearing a blue dress standing in the window of the room I just ran out of. She was waving at me. I blinked my eyes a couple times and she was gone. Needless to say, I did not go back in that house until my father came home. That was a really long and hot day. When my father got home, I told him what happened, and he just laughed and said, You have such a wild imagination. No wonder you're a writer. And when in the house? I cautiously followed behind him, and I didn't let him out of my sight all night long. Well, except when he used the bathroom, but I was still close by. I slept with every light on I could find in my room that night. The ceiling light, the lamp light, and even my phone light. My father left for work again the next morning. Now, even though the voices and seeing that little girl in the window really freaked me out, I was intrigued by the little door. So I grabbed my phone and to try to protect myself, I grabbed the Bible off the coffee table in the living room and carried it upstairs with me. I wanted to see if every bedroom had a little door in the closet, and they did. I wanted to see where the doors led. So I opened the closet door, saw the little door, and I opened it. Pure darkness. I turned on the flashlight on my phone, and I shined it inside there. I saw a set of old wooden steps leading down. I'm pretty tall, so I knew I wasn't going to fit through a four foot door. I got down on my hands and knees, and I crawled through it and very carefully maneuvered my way down the steps, still holding the Bible in my left hand and the flashlight in my right hand to lead the way. After about 15 minutes of painfully crawling down the steps, I came to another door. I pushed it open and discovered I was at the basement playground. I crawled through the door, stood up, stretched, and said, shit, this is cool, hidden passages. I said aloud. I then ran to the middle door across the room, opened it, and began crawling up the steps using my flashlight once again to lead the way. These steps were steeper than the other ones. I got about halfway up when there appeared to be sunlight shining down from above, like someone or something opened the little door above me. I looked up and saw another little girl walk through the door and begin walking down the steps. This one wore a light green dress and had brown hair. I was frozen in fear, I couldn't turn around, I couldn't stand up, hell, I couldn't move. I watched in complete horror as this little girl ghost walked down the stairs and directly threw me, not stepped over me, not stepped on me, but went through me. And as she did, my entire body became extremely cold. Find us, Michael. She said, as I watched her walk down the steps and out the other door, I immediately crawled as fast as I could up the steps and out the door and into one of the large third floor bedrooms. I then ran downstairs, put the Bible back on the coffee table, and sat on the couch for the rest of the day, even after my father came home. I didn't even eat dinner that night. I slept on the couch, as I didn't want to go anywhere near either one of those rooms. Sometime in the night, I had this really bizarre dream. I was downstairs in the basement, directly in the middle of the playground. I heard a little girl giggle. Then the third swing on the swing set next to me started swinging all by itself. I went to run up the stairs, but when I got to them, about 20 bouncy balls came bouncing down directly at me. I swatted them away, but some of them hit me. I fell to the ground, closed my eyes, and covered my head with my arms. Tag, you're it. I heard a little girl's voice say, followed by another giggle. I was then laying on the cold cement floor of the greenhouse. I sat up and I saw another little girl wearing a yellow dress with red hair, bouncing an orange ball about 20 feet away from me. I reached out to her, find us, Michael. She said, find the dolls and floated downward into the floor and disappeared. I was horrified. I screamed and then I woke up. My father came running. I could hear his loud footsteps on the hardwood floor. I told him it was just a bad dream. He smiled. It's time for school anyway, son. I'm glad you're all right. You scared the hell out of me. Come on, I made us some coffee. He said, then rustled my hair and walked away. I got up, had coffee, and got ready for my first day at my new school. I had to go upstairs to get dressed, so I ran up the stairs, ran past the first bedroom, up the other set of stairs, and into my room, the attic. Now, since I didn't have a driver's license yet, I had to take the bus. I walked out of the house down the long driveway and waited at the end of it. The bus came and picked me up. I stepped onto it and immediately felt every single eyeball staring at me, including the driver. I walked down the aisle, heads turning as I did. I was just about to pass this one kid about my age, kind of chubby, with red hair and freckles, who then leaned over to the kid next to him and whispered, that kid's crazy. I wouldn't step foot in the dollhouse. I took the empty seat behind him. After a few seconds, I tapped him on the shoulder and asked, they call it the what? But I didn't get an answer. When I got to the school, almost everyone in class was staring, pointing and whispering. I just ignored him. At the end of the day, I waited outside the bus for Thomas to arrive, and when he did, I stopped him. Look, man, you gotta tell me what's up with the house. I said, look, I'll get off where you get off and I'll walk home. I said to him, as we both got on the bus. Now, like I said, I got off at his house. We stood outside on the sidewalk, and he told me something I didn't expect to hear. He looked left, then right, then back to me and whispered, my parents don't want me talking about this. But about eight years ago, some crazy stuff happened at your house, some creepy stuff. Back then it was owned by Mr. and Mrs. Chester, descendants of the people who started this town. They were the richest people in it. That's why it sits on a hill. They thought they were better than everyone because they had money. One day, Mr. Chester was killed in a boating accident, which left Mrs. Chester alone in the house. They never had any kids, but rumor has it that Mrs. Chester wanted kids, girls, to be exact. As the years went on, Mrs. Chester's mental state got worse. And she went crazy from being all alone in the house, so they say. Around that time, several little girls around five or six went missing. Police were baffled. Then there was a break in the case. In one of the surveillance videos showing one of the abductions at the mall, it clearly showed that Mrs. Chester was the abductor. When the police closed in on the house, they heard six gunshots. The cops stormed the house and found the dead bodies of five little girls. And Mrs. Chester, with a self-inflicted gunshot wound to the head, laying on the floor in the living room. Mrs. Chester survived somehow and is now a permanent resident of the Chester town home for the criminally insane. A home that she had built, ironic, isn't it? Now according to doctors records and police reports, Mrs. Chester admitted to kidnapping and killing all of the 12 little girls over a three-year span of time when she grew tired of them, or they began to fight back and replace them with other little girls. Five of the girls were found in the house, returned to their parents, and buried. All the cops in town attended each funeral. That's how I know. Another thing I know is the bodies of the other seven little girls were never found and are believed to be buried somewhere on the property. Several big-name news channels covered the story. Our own newspapers photographer took a picture of the five dead girls and said that they all looked and were dressed like little porcelain dolls. That's where the house gets its name, the dollhouse on the hill. The house is said to be haunted by the spirits of all the little girls. I wouldn't go near that place. How do you know all the details? I asked. My father's the police captain. I overheard him talking about it on the phone when I was little. He answered. Just then my phone rang. It was my father. He yelled at me to get home and then hung up. Well, I ran home, expecting to get a stern talking to. I opened the door and said, Dad, where are you? There was no answer, so I called him. He said he was at the pool and told me to get in there now. He was yelling, and my father never yells. I didn't hear anger in his voice. I heard fear. I ran down the hallway through the kitchen and to the pool room door. That's right, I said pool room. You thought it was an outdoors pool, didn't you? It was completely enclosed, with three huge cinderblock walls extending the height of the house, and a glass paneled wall, the height of the house as well, overlooking the entire town. I heard a door being slammed hard. I saw it was the pool room door. In between the opening and closing of it, I could see my father through the flashing of the overhead fluorescent lights. He was curled up in a sitting position in the far left corner of the room, wearing a bathing suit next to a pile of clothes with his wallet and phone sitting on top. He was moving his head quickly from side to side with a look of fear on his face. I'd never seen my father act that way before, so it scared me to death. I saw what my father was afraid of. The overhead lights were flashing like a strobe light. Both diving boards were bouncing up and down completely on their own. And seconds later, a visible splash in the water, like an invisible being was jumping off the boards and landing in it. The lifeguard stand was rocking back and forth while the sounds of little girls laughing and giggling filled the air. What's happening? My dad said, It's the dolls, dad. I don't think they'll hurt us. They just want to play. Look, I'll explain later, dad. Let's get out of here. I said, I then helped my father up. He grabbed his things and we walked over to the door, which was still opening and closing. We couldn't get out. I just stood there for a second, took a deep breath, turned around and said, I don't know what happened to you and I'm sorry. I will find you. I will please stop. And then everything stopped. No more bouncing diving boards. No more flashing lights. Nothing. All was calm and still. As everything stopped, my father and I both heard several little girls all in unison say, find us. We turned our heads back around and saw not seven, but about 20 transparent images of little girls wearing different colored dresses. They were standing side by side on the edge of the pool, completely dry and not a hair out of place. And then they just vanished. What the hell? My father said, completely puzzled. Come on, dad. Let's get out of here. I'll explain in the truck. I said, well, we got to the truck and we drove around for a while without saying a word. My father then pulled into the parking lot of the coffee shop across the street from the local grocery store. I bet you can't guess the name of it. Well, anyway, we walked in, placed our order, got it, and sat down at a table. My father then broke the silence. What was that? He asked. Well, dad, you see, about eight years ago our house was owned by this rich couple. He died, she went crazy without him, started kidnapping little girls, killed them, and buried them in our yard somewhere. I got to find them. I said. He looked at me dumbfounded. My friend Thomas told me about it. His father is the police captain. I said, and then we just sat there. We drank our coffee and got back in the truck. Can we stop by the library so I can do some research? I asked. Yeah, why not? My father replied, I'll drop you off and I'll come get you when you're done. Where are you going, dad? I asked. I'm going to the police station to see if they'll confirm your story. He replied. Well, he dropped me off and I made a beeline for the computers. After about three hours of searching, I discovered something. The conservatory was not part of the original build. It was added on later, about six months before the cops rated the house. The little girl from that dream floated down into the floor of the conservatory. That's gotta be it. Now why would you build a conservatory with a concrete floor to hide the bodies? I can't believe the cops missed this, I thought. I immediately called my father and I told him what I'd found. He picked me up and said, you were right, son, the cops confirmed it. It looks like we've got some digging to do. I just smiled. We decided not to go back to the house that night and got a room at the local flop house. The next morning, I didn't go to school. Instead, I went with my father to the all right Reynolds and rented a jackhammer and the accessories to break up the concrete, as well as two pairs of ear protectors. And I'm glad we did that thing was loud as hell. We got back to the house, moved all the tables, the plants and the tools out of the greenhouse and conservatory, whatever you want to call it. My father grabbed that thing, connected the chisel bit and destroyed that concrete slab. After about three hours of breaking up the concrete, taking breaks from time to time, my father was finally done and we moved the concrete pieces outside. I took the lighter ones. My father took the heavy ones. And then we began digging piles of dirt were everywhere. After digging for about two hours, you'll never guess what we found. Nothing just dirt. What the hell? I thought I was sure I was right. My father gave me a if you weren't my son, I'd kill you right now look. He laid his shovel down and went into the house. I laid mine down as well. I just stood there in this huge hole that we dug completely dumbfounded. I grabbed one of the shovels and slammed it down hard in the dirt out of pure frustration and it hit something there in the hole was what appeared to be an old white sheet. Well, I'm sure it was white at one time anyway. I fell to my knees and began digging with my hands. My father came over and looked in the hole. Holy Jesus, he said loudly dropping to his knees and helping me hand scoop the dirt. After a few minutes, the sheet was completely exposed. It was small, about four feet in length. My father then grabbed the sheet and tore it open. And yes, it was bones, human bones. And then we called the police. The cops came and continued digging where we left off. The town coroner came as well. Now, remember when I told you that Mrs. Chester admitted to killing 12 little girls? She lied. The cops found 17 bodies buried under that greenhouse. They were all neatly wrapped in white sheets. The coroner had to make several trips back and forth to pick up all the bodies. When the cops finally allowed us back in the house, it was about 2am at that point. My father and I just went to bed. As I laid there, I heard several little girl voices say in unison, thank you. I smiled and just went to sleep. Years later, a newspaper article stated that all 17 girls were identified through DNA testing. It also stated that they too were returned to their families for a proper burial. My father and I attended every one of the funerals. We put all the dirt back in the hole and we evened out the ground. We decided to leave the greenhouse structure intact and made a kind of outdoors sitting room out there. My father had 22 individual name plates made with all the girls' names on them. The 17 that were buried under the greenhouse and the 5 that were killed when the cops raided the house in case you were wondering where I got that number from. All the name plates are mounted to the far wall of the basement playground. I go down there sometimes. I sit on the swings and I look at the names. I hope they found peace. I was the talk of the school for a little while, in a good way that is. Until the boiler blew up at the grocery store I mentioned earlier, strange things are always happening there. It sounds like a pretty cool place to work. I'm thinking about trying to get a job there. What do you think? Anyway, like I said before, Thomas and I became really good friends. I spent the night at his house a couple times and he spent the night at mine since all the ghost girls were gone. He is completely infatuated with the hidden passages and loves the pool. I called my mom and I told her what happened. She said that I was very brave and that she was very proud of me, you know, normal mom stuff. Dad and I still live in the house and have had no further paranormal incidents. Oh yeah, by the way, I finally got my driver's license and I bought a 1967 Ford Mustang hardtop with flames down the side from the local towing service in town. The cops had it towed a while back and the guy that owned it never came to pick it up. So now it's mine. Well, it's getting late, you guys. I got to get a shower and hit the hay. I've got school in the morning. I hope you liked my story. Good night, everyone.

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Majoring in nutrition influences BMI of female college students | RTCL.TV

### Keywords ### #Collegestudents #Majoringinnutrition #BMI #Dietaryhabits #Healthbehaviour #RTCLTV #shorts ### Article Attribution ### Title: Majoring in nutrition influences BMI of female college students Authors: Mee Young Hong, Tahirih L. Shepanski ,and Jaclyn B. Gaylis Publisher: Cambridge University Press DOI: 10.1017/jns.2015.24 DOAJ URL: https://doaj.org/article/fc9edf2f2fe64df4a8c4f40cf741b0f0 Source URL: https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S2048679015000245/type/journal_article ### Image Attribution ### We used stable diffusion to programmatically generate the background images. Viewer discretion is advised. ### Channels ### YouTube Channel: https://www.youtube.com/@medicinertcltv Odysee Channel: https://odysee.com/@medicine_rtcl_tv ### Video Timestamps ### 0:00:00 - Summary 0:00:28 - Title 0:00:34 - End

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The study found that college females who are studying nutrition have better eating habits than those who are not studying nutrition. This could be due to the fact that they are more aware of what constitutes a healthy diet and are more likely to make healthier food choices. Additionally, the study showed that university level nutrition education is strongly associated with healthier eating habits and superior food choices among young adult females. This article was authored by Mi Young Hong, Tahareel Shepansky, and Jacqueline B. Gaelys.

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Music to overcome bullying

Robdarius Brown, stage name Roben X, was bullied as a child because of his albinism. Today, he wishes to raise awareness of his condition and fight against bullying. “The change starts with you,” he says.

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What made me speak up for young people and people with Alvinism was to give them someone to look to if they needed guidance there. If they needed help, I wanted to make a difference because I know what it feels like to be alone, you know. I identify as African-Americans, but we're all a part of the same race, the human race. To change your community and change your peers, you must have that kind of energy. They'll show other people, okay, that person is willing to get it out of the mud. They're willing to go that extra mile and eventually people will join your cause because they see that you're passionate and you can paint that vision for them. All I want to do is enlighten people about Alvinism and to give them my story. That's why I'm glad that you didn't reach out to me. Right now, I celebrated 70 years of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which they're principles I agree with.

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Past, Present, and Future of Logical Replication

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Hello everyone. I am Amit Kapila. I am a senior PostgreSQL developer and committer. I am working in PostgreSQL from last 10 to 15 years and in databases from past 20 years. Today I am here to share with you about logical replication, especially past, present and future of logical replication in PostgreSQL. And also I forward to tell that I work as a senior director in Fujitsu who sponsored my all the work in PostgreSQL open source community. So the broader level of agenda for today is I will first walk through the overall high availability and scalability solutions and then how the evolution of logical replication has happened in PostgreSQL. And then the basics of logical replication in PostgreSQL and some of the key features of it. Then I will talk about what's going to come up in the coming release of PostgreSQL 15 which is going to happen in September and probably what's going to happen beyond that in logical replication area. And then I will talk in general about the multipaster solutions that could be built on top of the PostgreSQL logical replication solution. So yeah, that's all the agenda. So let's start with high availability and scalability solutions. So I think this is the most basic solution for high availability where there is a master and multiple standby nodes. Here we perform the physical replication. And if the master nodes go down, one of the standby users can promote it to make a new master and make the other standby follow it. So now here the thing is that the writes can only be performed on the master node. And we can only scale by routing reads to the standby. And for multi-site writes still need to go to master, which is time consuming. So if there are multiple sites and writes have to happen at different sites, say the standby is at a different site, then still the writes have to go to master. So this is very time consuming given the network latency involved. And then on master node failure, there is always a time lag to promote the standby because we need to apply the residual wall so that it reaches to the latest level and then we start accepting the write request. Then there is a common phenomenon in this, which is we know well known as split brain like when two masters start operating at the same time. Basically the old master which went down sometimes comes up and now we will have two masters in the system. So this can lead to data loss and some human intervention is required to make it work. So this is the basic form of high availability solution where your data will not be lost, but the right scaling and is quite limited. And also there is a quite good amount of delay while promotion of the standby. Then we have other kind of scalability solutions, which is we know as master master solution. And so here writes can be performed on all the nodes, unlike in the previous topology and all the modifications are done on a single shared storage. If one of the node goes down, writes can still continue on the other node. In this, there is almost zero or minimal fail over time. But because all the data is shared, if writes happen on the same resource like table or page, there is a lot of communication required between nodes to make that right happen. So such a solution though provides high availability, but it can limit the scalability of such workloads. Oracle Rack is a typical example of such a system. Now, then comes another thing with a multi master which is called here we have separate storage for each of the nodes and writes can be performed on all the nodes. Modifications are performed in a separate storage and can be replicated to other nodes. As you can see in this diagram, the wherever the data is written either on the node one or on the node two, it can be replicated to the other node. And if even if one of the nodes goes down writes can still continue to perform for the from the other node. This has a zero or minimal fail over time and multi site writes can take slightly more time because the data needs to be replicated needs to be replicated to the other node. Now, in this case, in such solutions, normally, many a times conflicts can occur when modifying the same database or resource, like sometimes we try to delete the row, and that row is already deleted on the node where we replicate the delete. So such things we call as conflicts. I will talk a little bit about this conflicts later on in my slides. So the for such solutions we need to see how to resolve the conflicts. Normally the conflicts can be resolved either automatically based on predefined rules, or user can choose to manually resolve them. For example, there is a primary key violation user can manually try to delete the conflicting rope from the node. Here split brain won't be a problem because from the very beginning, all the nodes act as master. Unlike master standby here both reads and writes can be distributed among various nodes. So this is the like biggest win point over the first solution which I talked about high availability solution where we have a master and standby here both reads and writes can be distributed. Some other typical use cases for such a system or such a topology are like, we can send incremental changes in a single database. Or a subset of a database to the other subscriber as they are. Or consolidating multiple databases into a single one. Then we can also replicate between different major versions of the PostgreSQL. And then we can also allow giving access of replicated data to different groups of users. So now I will talk a brief about how the logical replication solution has evolved in PostgreSQL through various releases. So the founding features for logical replication have been started to getting matured in 9.4 where we have added logical decoding, which is the backbone for this whole logical replication. This is the solution which allows the raw wall data to be decoded in a form which can be sent to another server in a SQL form. So these are and to support it we have replica identity and replication slots introduced in PostgreSQL 9.4. Then through each release like through 9.5 till 14 we keep on adding the features to make this solution more mature. Like then in 9.5 we have added track time stamp or progress of replication. These things help us in conflict resolution or if the replication solutions need to track the progress till where the replication has happened. And I think the major feature then in core we have added the logical replication in PostgreSQL 10. And then through 11 we have allowed to replicate the truncates and reduce the memory usage. And then we have in 12 and 13 we have enhanced it with slots to be copied and allowed logical decoding workmen. So before 13 the memory of the replication system can grow to a very large amount depending on the size of changes. But with 13 we can control that and then we can also we have allowed also allowed to replicate the partitioned table. Like all the partition hierarchy could be replicated just via the root table. Then we also allowed a new parameter max slot wall keep size which will allow us to limit the wall that needs to be protected corresponding to the slots. Then PostgreSQL 14 bring in quite a few number of features to further enhance the solution. Like streaming of in progress transaction, then monitoring of logical decoding of transactions, then we have improved the initial table synchronization. Then decoding of prepared transaction, then we have improved the performance when there are a lot of DDLs in the system. And we also allowed to transfer the data in binary mode. Then also we have allowed some syntax to ease the users to set up this logical application. So there are various features which made logical application a bigger with PostgreSQL 14. Now I will talk in brief about logical replication how it works in PostgreSQL and some of its core ideas which we have lately introduced in PostgreSQL 14. So this is a two node system where I have shown how the logical replication happens. See the box on the left side which I mentioned and primary database and a standby database. Actually the rights can happen on any node, but here I have shown that the rights happen on the primary database and then it flows to the standby database. So what we do here is like as the operation happens in the primary database, there is a background process called as wall sender, which keeps getting the wall or keep reading the wall from the wall files. And then via the output plugins, it sends the data over network to the secondary database after decoding it. Then in the standby database, there is an applied worker which receives that change and it performs it like a normal SQL operation like insert, delete or update or truncate. And then the data goes to data and wall and the users can read it or even write it in that system. I have shown a single way system but the same thing could be built in both the directions. So this is the basic mechanism how the replication works logical application and note that the basic by default it works at the commit time like each of the transaction is decoded only at commit time and then sent to the standby database, which then applies the entire transaction. So, as I have told in the previous slide that in the basic or the default system all the transactions decodes at the commit time. For the very large transactions, this leads to a very big apply lag because still the transaction, all the wall for the transaction is decoded, we don't send it to the standby. But with Postgres equal 14, we start streaming the data for in progress transactions as well. So, some of the benefits are like in many cases we even don't need to send the data. In that case also normally it used to, normally it used to accumulate that data on the disk and only at commit time it decides whether to send it or not. This leads to a lot of wastage of resources especially IO on the publisher side. Now because we can allow to send the data at the earlier point of time, the data gets discarded and never gets to the disk. So this feature saves a lot of disk IO for such transactions. And we have seen the performance improved by two or more times due to this. And then I will briefly take you through the enhancements we have done to allow the incremental decoding. So now when to start the streaming like we can't do it for each change at as it comes because then it can take a lot of network bandwidth to send each change to the standby. So now we send the changes when the wall size exceeds the logical decoding workman parameter like which described which can by which user can configure how much more memory after how much memory the transaction should get either spilled or sent to the subscriber. Then the big thing is that because we can decide to start streaming the transaction at some random point in the transaction we need to have the association of all the transaction and its sub transactions. Otherwise, we did. We know that only at the commit time. So we can never gather all the data which needs to be sent. So this. We have introduced a new mechanism so that these two production and all its transactions get associated. The first time for any sub production we write a ball. And then there a post this has a mechanism of sending the invalidations. So we now started writing invalidations at each command and into the wall so that decoding can use this information. This is basically helpful in processing the DDL. So, earlier it was again done at the time. So we need to do at each command so that we can send the data as soon as we want. So this is the basic idea like now you can see from the left side that instead of waiting till commit. We have split the transaction into multiple streams for each stream we send the start stream and close stream packet, so that the standby was that one stream has happened for a transaction, and it spills that data to work temporary file. So you can see the multiple streams of a transaction can come and there could be other transaction between those streams as well. It could be quite complex. So, but the end goal is that all the transactions get applied in the order in the commit order only. This way we allow the data to be sent to the subscriber and reduce the applied lab by them. But now at this stage also you can see that we till the commit time we don't start applying the amount we have saved here is that we didn't wait till commit to send all the data. So, there could be a natural extension to it that as the data comes, we start applying it via some background worker, which we are planning to do in future releases. So, to support the streaming of in progress transactions at the core implementation level we also extended the logical application protocol to identify in progress transactions. And then we have modified the apply worker on the subscriber side, so that it can write the files or spill the data to the temporary files. Basically, by default, the streaming doesn't happen for in progress transactions users have an option to make the subscription with this streaming on option after that, the publisher side or the master side can stream the data for in progress So, this is one of the features of course, major features of PostgreSQL which I have explained. Next we'll talk about PostgreSQL 15 and beyond. So, here one thing to note is this is based on what I could see being proposed in the community at this stage and being done any feature being done for PostgreSQL 15 can be changed or reverted till it is released based on the community decision. So, this is a nice feature, which is going to come in PostgreSQL 15. Hopefully, logical replication of prepared transactions. Which means the now we can send the transaction and it's all the changes at the prepare time instead of waiting till it gets committed. So this first of all reduces the apply lab. And then it can allow a two phase between multi master solution. So I will come to the advantages of this. But you can see from this diagram that at the prepare time only we apply all the changes on the subscriber side and at commit time we just committed. So this reduces lot of apply lag before this PostgreSQL 15 all the data of such transactions only get applied at the commit time. And mind it, as I have shown in the diagram between prepare and commit, there could be a lot of other transactions as well. So this will allow us to support two PC biological replication and it will reduce the apply lag as I have shown you told you. And the other big feature is that this kind of feature can help us to build a conflict free logical replication. Because at the time of prepare only we will know if there is a conflict and if there is a conflict, we can roll back that transaction even on the master. This is this will be slightly costly but in some financial institutions, it could be quite useful. The next feature or set of features I'm talking about is again to enhance the logical replication solutions to make users replicate easily the data. The first thing is to allow the replication of all the tables in the schema. Before this feature, if you want to allow all the tables of the schema user has to manually specify all the tables. With this, they need to only specify all tables in schema with schema name and then similarly for the sequences. So this will allow to publicize all the schema, which will help users to replicate all tables in that particular schema instead of specifying them individually. So basically this will help reduce the manual intervention by users where they need to keep syncing sequences in sync before this feature. Then another interesting feature we have developed for PostgreSQL 15 is row filtering for logical replication. So here you can see in the syntax that user can specify the bare clause to filter the rows on the publisher side. So this will help us to send the selective data to the standby. So this will reduce the network bandwidth and improve the performance. We have seen the performance with this improved proportional to the number of rows being filtered. And another big advantage is that user can create multiple publications and then chart the data based on this, on the various nodes. So that the data can be various parts of the data could be replicated to different nodes. So this was one of the major features of logical replication for PostgreSQL 15. This was going on from last four years and we were able to complete this in this release. So I hope this helps a lot of users. Then we have another feature which is being developed for PostgreSQL 15 is named as column lists. In this, users will be allowed to specify the columns which they want to replicate rather than replicating entire row. So restricting the columns will be useful when the target table doesn't have the same columns as the source table. And the columns in the, and sometimes columns in the source table can have the sensitive information which users might not want to replicate. So such a feature will be really useful for such use cases. Now comes to an interesting topic which many users are care in the system, which is we call as conflict resolution. So as I have told you that the conflicts can happen in various ways. Like the primary key violation or the update delete conflict we normally call where the row that we tries to update on the standby database doesn't exist anymore or the row is already deleted. So all such things are referred to as conflict. Currently users can resolve conflict manually by removing the conflicting data or by skipping the transaction via PG replication origin advance, which is a function which will allow you to advance the transactions wall and start applying from a new transaction. And then with Postgres 15 we will be allowing to skip the conflicting transaction via directly specifying the LSN in a SQL command, which I will explain in next few slides. Now the big thing is that all the detailed error information will be available via the server logs that will help users to identify the conflicting transactions and help them to skip those transactions in case they are not able to manually resolve them. And now another feature is sometimes like currently whenever the error happens the replication stops but the apply worker keeps on restarting and keeps on retrying till the conflict is resolved. So for the cases where conflict can't be resolved automatically we have provided a feature to automatically disable the subscription when a conflict occurs. And then we have introduced a new system view PG stat subscription stats. This shows the stat information about error occurred during application of logical application changes as well as during initial table synchronization. These stats are removed when the subscription is dropped or users are allowed to use a reset subscription stat function to reset single subscription or all subscription error information. So here we can extend this to track the other set related statistics like number of sets committed about it for a particular subscription. So the information that will be available to users in this view is like the apply error count and the sync error count for each subscription. Basically this gives users some statistics like how many errors have how many different errors have occurred in the system either during apply time or during sync time. Now, I'll try to explain in brief how users can skip the transaction with this new feature, which we name as auto subscription state. So with this feature users can actually supply the LSN value of the conflicting transaction and skip that transaction. So normally the conflicts can produce the following kind of error you can see here on my screen with third bullet point like duplicate key. And then we give the detailed information about the replication origin and the transaction and where the connection has finished. So users can fetch this information and use this LSN with the auto subscription command. Skip command and the apply worker will skip all the data modification changes within that transaction. So this should help us users to proceed when the manually conflict resolution is difficult or tricky. So hopefully we'll see this feature in PostgreSQL 15. So then I will talk a little bit about the some other miscellaneous features where we are also working on allowing logical replication from physical standby. As of now, if the primary database goes down, the subscribers cannot connect to the physical standby and continue the replication. So with this new feature, we can allow the subscribers to connect to physical standby for existing publication and get the data. This feature will also provide a way to continue logical application after the standby is promoted to master. So this work is not going to get done in PostgreSQL 15. Probably in future releases, we'll see this work. But we know this is a very important work and will help a lot of users. So then we till now there was a restriction before PostgreSQL 15 that only super users are allowed to perform the replication changes. With this, we will allow non super users to also apply the changes on subscriber provided they have permissions on the required objects. So this will help in easing some requirements for logical replication and I hope users will like it. Then there are other some big features which will make logical replication much more loveable for PostgreSQL. And they are also they are not active discussion under active discussion for 15, but I am hoping some of this work has got some traction lately. And I hope in future releases we will see some of these, or all of these, like DDL replication. This is one of the most demanding feature for major version upgrades where you currently users need to manually set up the schema on both the nodes. This will help to happen it automatically. Then we will provide the to provide automatic conflict detection and resolution handlers. This is really a very big and multi-year project, which we hope to see someday in PostgreSQL. When we want to also do parallel apply, like one of the uses that for streaming transactions, we currently just write the temporary file and then fully apply at commit time. We can slowly start applying it in the background worker. And also we can start applying as soon as the normal transactions also start coming rather than waiting for the commits to happen. And by multiple workers. So this should help us to improve the speed of replication. Then we don't have a bi-directional replication of same table which limits the use of logical replication in PostgreSQL because the user won't be able to set up bi-directional replication. We have started working on this and I hope to see this feature in future release. This is all about the features and how it evolved in PostgreSQL, the logical application, how it evolved in PostgreSQL. Next I will talk about some of the multi-master solution or some of the multi-master topologies that could be built on top of what PostgreSQL provides. So this is the first topology where one can set up the N-way bi-directional logical replication, which means that there will be N copies of the data and any table can be read or written from any of the data nodes. So if you see from this diagram, the data can come from the coordinator node which will be used for the node load balancing and it will route the writes to different nodes depending on some configuration. Like data node 1 will write to table 1 and table 2 will be routed to data node 1 and that data node 1 will replicate table 1 and 2 to data node 2 to allow scaling. Similarly for table 3 and 4 the data will be routed to data node 2 but it will be replicated to data node 1 so that reads and writes can be performed from any node. So for the multi-sites here you can see the data can be written to any node or sorry to the nearest node. So this is one of the topology which could be built over top on top of PostgreSQL solution. So what I have shown here is not by default provided by PostgreSQL but users can or the other application developers can write a thin layer over top of PostgreSQL to route the data and to route the read and writes to get the benefit of bi-directional logical replication and it will also help us in scaling reads and writes. One of the drawback of this system is that there will be n copies of data which will require massive amount of storage and massive amount of network transfer. So then there is another way we could build a multi-master solution on top of this. So this we call as one master database which will have all the data and other data nodes will have specific set of tables. So whereas this will help us to reduce some of the drawbacks of the first solution where data needs to be seen across all the nodes and the storage in all the nodes have to be for all the data. Here we should have one master node which has all the data and other nodes are for specific tables. So you can easily see that if user knows its data topology and queries well they can short the data in such a way that reads and writes can be scaled to a really each node level and in fact with a fallback that if there are queries which have to perform across all the nodes which have to get the data from all the nodes they can query the master database and get all the data. So here we can see that for table 1 and 2 only it needs to go to data node 1 and from data node 1 it gets replicated to the master node and data node 3. For table 3 and 4 reads or writes have to be gone to data node 2 and just it gets replicated to node 3. Now for a join of table 2 and table 3 it needs to the query needs to be routed to data node 3 because it has the data from both the tables. So yeah this let me try to summarize both these solutions each have its own advantage and disadvantages. So for the first solution where we can have n copies of data. So number of data copies will be equivalent to the number of nodes and here total data distributed across the nodes plus just one copy for supporting joints. Then single table read read from any node will happen in n copy data whereas in the distributed solution we will coordinator will identify the data node and route the query. Similarly multi table reads can happen from any node in the first solution whereas. query has to be routed by coordinator to the special data node we call as master node from where all the data needs to be fetched. writes can be done to any node whereas here writes needs to be done to the to the particular data nodes. The data gets sink to end nodes this is the one of the plus points where is in the second solution data needs to be only sink to one node. And in the first solution, it can be managed with a very light weight coding load balance error coordinator, whereas in the second solution coordinator needs to manage the data sliding slicing across the cluster. The key point is that it allows us slightly older data as data replication will need some time, unless user choose to use the synchronous replication, in which case there won't be any lab and data will be visible in the same order. Now replication sequence will help. Sorry, we'll allow conflicts, which I have explained how conflicts can be resolved scale up. If we have to add more nodes, none of the solution requires downtime. Whereas if we have to scale down probably the first solution doesn't need any downtime. Second solution how we implement it depends, but probably it will require the downtime. So this is the broad level comparison. And that's all from my side for today's presentation. And I'm happy to hear your feedback. Please provide your feedback to me at amit.capila 16 at the rate gmail.com or if you have any questions after this presentation. Thank you very much.

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Poverty: What Next? - 30th Anniversary Conference

Panel: Poverty: What Next? Chair: Erik Thorbecke Panelists: Peter Lanjouw, Santiago Levy, Martin Ravallion More about the conference: http://www.wider.unu.edu/30thanniversary More about UNU-WIDER: http://www.wider.unu.edu/

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At the outset, I just want to take a couple of minutes to first of all welcome you, but secondly, to express my gratitude for the excellence of this whole conference. In my long career, I may have attended at least a hundred conferences, probably more than a hundred conferences, and certainly this one ranks among the very best, if not the best that I have ever attended. So I think the fact that it was an overwhelming success is very much related to the enormous efforts that the present director, deputy director, staff have put into preparing these conferences. But of course, the contributions of previous directors and previous staff over three decades have been instrumental in creating what I consider, and this is my opinion, what I consider to be the leading development center in the world. So again, my deepest congratulations. Now, I think if I had to find three words to capture the essence of this conference, it would be vision, venue, and variety. There has been great vision in the choice of topics. Many topics are highly contemporary, but they were linked to historical precedents in really, I think, a very insightful way. The venue, again, I've been all over the world, I don't know of any comparable venue in terms of efficiency, in terms of facility to move from one place to another, even size. And then variety, notice three Vs. Variety in terms of international distribution of participants who have people from all over the world, but also variety in an intergenerational sense. You have some very old people like myself, but then fortunately, many, many young members of the profession who I feel confidence have learned a great deal by participating in this conference. So in summary, and again, on behalf of the participants, and I probably am the oldest member of this very distinguished gathering, I'm not necessarily distinguished myself, but I'm talking about the gathering. But on behalf of all of the participants, I would really again want to thank Fintop, Tony Addison and the whole staff for the wonderful job they have done. So now let me turn to some logistic issues related to the present session. Each of the presenters will have 20 minutes and unfortunately, I will have to be very strict about it. Fintop has asked for 10 minutes at the end of the session. So we will give him 10 minutes, which means that if everything goes well, we should have up to 15, 20 minutes for comments and questions from the floor. So now let me very briefly introduce the panelists, and we're going to follow the following order. Martin will start. Martin's presentation is fairly general, as I understand it. Peter is somewhat more specific, and Santiago Levy, I think, his orientation tends to be somewhat more policy-oriented. So Martin Reverellian has been the Edmund Villani Professor of Economics at Georgetown University, and he was previously the Director of the Research Department at the World Bank. He has researched extensively on poverty, and in fact, I can't think of anybody who has done more research on poverty than Martin, and on policies fighting poverty. In 1990, he proposed what has become to be known as the $1 a day poverty line, which over time has been somewhat inflated to $125 and even $2 a day. And he and his colleagues at the bank have monitored progress in terms of poverty alleviation, essentially using this poverty line. He is the father, and also I would say the main architect of Povkalnet, which is the data system which practically all empirical poverty analysts use today. He has advised numerous governments and international agencies. He's written a number of books, over 200 papers, and he's a senior fellow of a number of institutions. And again, for the sake of time, I will not give more details. Now, just one second. Peter Lagnar is Professor of Economics at the University of Amsterdam. He was until very recently the Research Manager of the Poverty and Inequality Group in the Development Economics Research Group of the World Bank. He first joined the bank in 1992 after completing his PhD in Economics from the London School of Economics. He has focused mainly on poverty measurement methods and rural-urban economic transformation. A long-standing area of his work has explored so-called small-area estimation methodologies which allow economists to develop poverty maps. Again, he's one of the main architects of poverty maps in developing countries. He has also taught at the University of California Berkeley, the University of Namu in Belgium and in Japan. And then, finally, but of course not least, Santiago Levy has been Vice President for Sector and Knowledge at the Inter-American Development Bank, I think he was named in 2010. He's also a senior fellow non-resident at the Brookings Institution. Previously, he was General Director of the Mexican Social Security Institute from 2000 to 2005. And under his tenure, the Social Security Institute instituted a number of important reforms. From 1995 to 2000, he served as Deputy Minister at the Ministry of Finance in Mexico and he is the main architect of the extremely well-known social programs Proglesa and Opportunidades that benefits the poor. He holds a PhD in economics from Boston University and he was a post-doctoral fellow at Cambridge. So after this set of introductions, let me immediately turn to Martin and his first presentation as you can see is on Towards Better Global Poverty Measures. Okay, thank you very much, Eric, and thank you to the organizers for inviting me. I think I came to the very first wider conference in 1985. I think I was probably the youngest person in the room then and no longer, but I remember it very well. A much smaller event and a different venue but also in Helsinki. Okay, today I'm gonna reflect a bit on the relevance and continuing use of the absolute poverty measures that have become standard in the developing world. And I gotta talk about some of the, some limitations we've realized for some time but talk about some possible solutions too. These are really suggestions for things to think about going forward. I don't actually think the main things we do need replacing but I do think they need augmentation. The guiding principle here, I guess there are two. One is that poverty measurement has to be socially relevant. It can't be out of step with prevailing thought and social policy and that's key. It's relevance is crucial. And the second guiding principle which I'm gonna talk about here is that it needs to be welfare consistent. I'm gonna argue that existing measures have some inadequacies from that point of view and in particular we need to augment existing current absolute poverty lines in two important ways. This is my only picture and it's a bunch of cat leaves. Cat is a mild narcotic, I'm not even sure we'd call it a narcotic, that's widely used in Yemen and Djibouti. I know it well from Yemen. You chew it for hours on end. I tried it once, it didn't have any obvious effect. But the point about cat is it's a social inclusion need. In Yemeni society you have to participate in cat sessions. There are kind of male cat sessions and female cat sessions but the non-participation in such sessions is a problem for you socially and economically. It's part of, it can be considered a basic social need. My first point today is really about what I call the elephant in the room in absolute poverty measurement, the very existence of these social effects on welfare and what do they mean for the way we measure poverty. I'm guided here by, in many, this and many other things by Amartya Sen and a comedy made in 1983 in a paper, an absolute approach to poverty measurement in the space of capabilities translates into a relative approach in the space of commodities. And it's that translation, how you go from some agreed conceptualization of welfare in an absolute sense to a commodity bundle or an income level that provides the money metric of that level of welfare. How do you actually do that in practice? You've all seen this kind of relationship that we see across countries between the national poverty lines and average income on the horizontal axis, the log of private consumption per capita on the vertical axis national poverty lines, and we see that gradient. It's not perfect, obviously, there's measurement area, there's variance, and but strikingly, we see as countries become richer, their poverty lines rise. The question is why do we see that? Why do we see that relationship? There are two explanations, and we kind of don't face up to this in my view. One is the existence of social norms, higher standards of welfare used to define what poverty means in richer countries. If that's the reason, then I think we have to stick to absolute poverty lines because we want to judge welfare by the same standard in different countries. We don't want to say that somebody, if we agree that two people at the same level of welfare, then they both should either be poor or not poor. But there's another reason why we might see that relationship. That is the existence of these social effects on welfare. In other words, that you need a higher level of income, a higher level of real income in a agreed sense, a higher level of real income to achieve the same level of welfare in a richer country. Now if we acknowledge the existence of these social effects on welfare, and I think now the evidence is overwhelming, then what does it mean for poverty measurement? The problem is a deep identification problem. The problem is we don't know from the data we have which of those explanations is right. And actually I don't believe we'll ever know. The re-implication of that is we're gonna have to think, given that uncertainty, we're actually gonna think about bounds on the true welfare consistent poverty measure. And I've shown in a paper that the true measure must lie between two bounds. The lower bound is this standard absolute poverty measure. There is the dollar a day measures if you like or dollar X a day. The upper bound is what I call a weekly relative poverty measure. The true welfare consistent measure allowing for social effects on welfare lies somewhere between these two bounds. Doesn't that lie outside this interval? But where within that bound we'll never know unless we can pin down how much of that gradient we see in poverty lines is due to social effects on welfare versus differences in social norms. To implement the bounds, I've been using this very simple characterization of the relationship between national poverty lines and average income. It just shows the upper bound is the bold line there. It has a slope of one half over about $2 a day and the lower bound is $1.25 a day. This is all in 2005 purchasing power parity. That's what it looks like for the developing world. So this blue line is what you've probably seen before. This is the lower bound. So that's the incidence of poverty, the proportion of the population living below that poverty line over time using the lower bound versus the upper bound. The welfare consistent measure is somewhere between those two bounds. Now, it still looks good from the point of view of overall progress in reducing the incidence of poverty using the upper bound. So that's good news, poverty rates are still falling. But in terms of numbers of poor, they're not falling enough at the lower bound to prevent rising numbers of relatively poor. So in this picture, I give you numbers of poor, absolutely poor, the lower one where we see a decline and the blue line is the numbers of relatively poor. In a sense, it's not too surprising that that's happening. Our success against absolute poverty, our success relative to the lower bound is coming with increasing numbers of relatively poor people. The second challenge we face is possibly more subtle, but something that occurred to me a long time ago, but I've only recently had time to figure out what to do about it. When we talk about poverty frequently or when people talk about progress against poverty, they often use this expression, no one left behind. I saw it recently in the 2013 UN report on these SDGs. And where they said the indicators that track them should be disaggregated to ensure that no one is left behind. And we see that repeatedly. When we look at what's happening to average consumption in the developing world, again, you probably know this, in around 2000, this is the mean consumption per person per day, in around 2000 we saw this sharp change in trajectory. Fantastic, the rate of growth in the developing world is roughly doubled before and after the beginning of the present millennium. But the question is, were the poor left behind in that process? This picture, neither this picture nor the absolute poverty measure I showed you before answered that question. How can we go about answering it? That's quite a challenge. But I'll first motivate it by pointing out that a lot of people are asking the question. Economists are not answering it, but a lot of other people are asking the question. And we see these claims repeatedly. I like this first one from Bunky Moon. The poorest of the world are being left behind. We need to reach out and lift them into our lifeboat. When I, in the past, when I've seen statements like that, I've been mildly horrified because it doesn't seem to be true. I kind of think, well, haven't they read my papers? I mean, don't they know that's not right? And I think about it some more and I start to wonder, well, maybe it's the difference between how they're thinking about poverty and how I'm thinking about poverty. In fact, we hear the contrasting stories and most economists, like myself, will talk about how growth is reducing poverty or at least it's associated with poverty reduction. And we see pictures like this. This is another version of the same picture again. This time it's for various poverty lines just showing you that progress in reducing poverty relative to the lower bound, that progress is robust to the poverty line and given you lines from 50 cents a day to two dollars a day. So all that's kind of understood. That's taken for granted. What I want to say now is how can we understand these conflicting views, one side saying people are being left behind, another side saying we're making a lot of progress against poverty. And the answer in my view is to recognize that there are really two conceptually two very different approaches to thinking about poverty. What we've normally thought about is what I call a counting approach where we think about either counts of poor people and possibly each person counted separately or weighted counts like a squared poverty gap or the Watts Index and so on. These are all within what a framework I call a counting approach. There's another approach which I think motivates the way a lot of people look at the world and what I call a Rawlsian approach. They look not at counts, but they look at the lower bound of the distribution, the lower bound of the support on the distributions we've talked about. They look at the lowest level of living and I ask is that increasing? I'm not gonna argue that's how you should think about poverty, but I wanna point out that's what a lot of people are thinking about. They're looking at that lower bound. I have a paper that gives you much more motivation, but we can draw that motivation from many sources. We can draw it from moral philosophy. We can draw it from social policy. We can draw it from reading the newspapers. I now see it all the time and there are many examples. We also see it in social policy. The largest anti-poverty programs in the world today are motivated by raising the floor. They're not motivated by, they're rhetoric at least. They're not saying reducing numbers of people. They're saying raising the floor. I'm thinking particularly the Debar program in China. Debar means minimum livelihoods, a program that the largest cash transfer program in the world by far in terms of numbers of people, which deliberately tries to raise the floor. The National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme in India. Same idea, this time using employment to try to assure a minimum level of wage income. Again, raising the floor is the objective. Whether it attains that objective is another question, but the rhetoric in social policy is very much about the Rawlsian approach. So how can we implement it? What do we do in practice to make this possible? Conceptually, what we're trying to do and what I'm trying to do in this paper is make a distinction between two ways in which a community of distribution function can shift. I've given you two sets of CDFs here. On the left, in both cases, we have first order dominance. So further by the counting approach, poverty is unabiguously fallen. But looking at the picture on the left, the floor has stayed put. The lower bound of the support is identical. Look at the picture on the right, the lower bound of the support has risen. I just wanna make that clear in how we measure poverty, make it explicit. How can we go about doing that? I've derived an approach which is operational. It has to be operational with existing data, but it has to be theoretically sound. And a little bit of maths, you can actually figure it out. You can derive a formula for the expected value of the lowest level of permanent consumption, recognizing that that's unobserved. When we measure a consumption or income in a survey, the lowest observed level of consumption or income in that survey is definitely not. We cannot be certain that that is the lowest level of permanent consumption. There's a couple kinds of transient effects in the survey. Maybe you interviewed some household that was sick that week and they didn't eat much. There are many reasons. Transient effects in surveys are a commonplace thing and measurement errors, we understand that. So the observed lower bound in a survey is not a reliable indicator. We need to think about a probabilistic approach which recognizes that the observed lowest level of income is not with certainty the lower bound of the support. Once we recognize the need for that probabilistic approach where the probabilities are not normative, they're positive, the weights we attach to observed levels of living are an effort to try to get at the expected value of the lowest level of permanent consumption. We can back out this really cute formula. The expected value of the minimum level of consumption in any distribution is the upper bound, think about a set of people with an upper bound to that income above which we are certain you are not the poorest person. So there's a set of people within which we think the poorest person is found but that set has an upper bound in terms of consumption or income and that's this y-star. It's not a poverty line, it's the income level above which we think there's zero probability of being the poorest person. So I have to make a judgment about that. And secondly, we have the squared poverty gap and the poverty gap index for that y-star. So again, the formulae point us to ratios of phosphatoglyphalic measures in a somewhat different application. We're not using them to actually implement the counting approach, we're using them to implement the Rawlsian approach. That's kind of cute because that means I can estimate the expected value of this lower bound of the support. I can estimate that expected value from existing poverty measures. I can back it out and this is what I get. The lower bound is 67 cents a day. About half of the dollar 25 a day poverty measure. That's an average, averaged over 30 years from 1981 to 2011. But the variance over time is minimal. Here I give you a gain, that picture with the average consumption, average consumption level in the developing world and that blue line at the bottom, that's my estimate of the floor. One of the amazing things about statistics is that believe it or not, that blue line has a statistically significant positive slope. It's got a T ratio of about five. But you can see for yourself, there's been very little progress in raising the floor by this measure. All of our progress has been in reducing the numbers of people living near the floor. The lower bound has not risen. Another way of looking at that, go back to the CDF. So clearly what I've established is it's the pattern in the very top panel here. First order dominance again, but with no increase in the floor. And if we just calculate the absolute gain across percentiles across the 30 years in the developing world, the absolute gains go from basically zero all the way up to some very large number at the top. Almost final point. Let's take a longer term perspective on this. I've got very interested in the history of poverty reduction in rich countries. And one of the striking things I find going back combining data sets, the Boogie on Morrison data set with some new data, what I find is that the way the rich world today escaped poverty over 100 years between 1850 and 1950 was strikingly different to the way the developing world is escaping poverty today. It's different in the following sense. The rate of progress by the counting approach in the developing world today, annualized rate of progress is greater than in the rich world over that 100 years, annualized, but the rich world did much better in raising the floor. The rate of progress in increasing the floor in today's rich world at the time it was as poor as today's poor world, that rate of progress in raising the floor in the rich world was about double the rate of progress we're seeing in the developing world. Lots of things to think about why that might be true and my paper discusses some possible explanations since I'm short of time I'm gonna just conclude with two slides. I think we can talk seriously about these bounds. I think we're probably still gonna focus on the lower bound but I think we should keep the upper bound in tow. In other words, we should be judging poverty. You should be deemed poor if you're poor by a common international standard or you're poor by a standard that's typical of the country you live in. We need both those criteria. The upper bound is the latter one, obviously the lower bound the former one. And I argue that is welfare consistent. I'm not trying to depart from Sen's original Maxim. And finally, we can also measure success in leaving no one behind. It is tractable. We can measure or make operational. I'm sure it can be refined and improved but at least there's something on the table. Thank you very much. Thank you very much, Martin. So Peter is next. Good morning everyone. Let me start by thanking the organizers very much for this privilege of being allowed to come and present to you this morning in this panel on poverty, in this conference on the big themes of economic development and the future of development economics. And I chose to spend this morning talking about the experience of economic development in one small village in India. I thought it would be possibly an interesting application of looking at some of these themes that we're interested in in this conference of the big themes of economic development. And it also allows us to sort of think about certain aspects of income distribution and poverty that perhaps we can't touch on as easily using sort of large scale household surveys which are typically the bread and butter of poverty analysis. So I'm gonna talk about economic development in Palampur. Basically I would like to convey essentially two sets of ideas. The first is that I would like to show or illustrate to you that the economic development that's been occurring in one small village in India over a period of roughly six to seven decades has been one that actually mirrors or reflects many of the big themes of economic development that have been coming up at this conference, issues of structural transformation and so on. And these can be found and seen at the sort of very granular level in the context of this one little village in North India. And then secondly, I would like to sort of think a little bit about some of the distributional issues and some of the observations that we take away from that experience in this village of Palampur and just sort of think about what are some of the important issues that arise that we may wanna try to do more about capturing in the kind of analysis that we do typically with the normal data that are available to us. So in some sense it's a plug I'm hoping to make for doing this type of research with these village studies that take a very long term perspective on economic development in the context of a very focused small community. And I'll come back to that in some of the discussing comments. So first of all, Palampur is a village in North India and the Gangetic Plain of North India and the state of Uttar Pradesh in the district of Muradabad district. It's a small village that's been studied for approximately, we're into our seventh decade now. We've most recently collected data in 2015 and we've been collecting data in this village over seven decades now starting in the 50s. The kind of issues that have been examined and looked at include some of these big questions in economic development like the impact of the Green Revolution and the impact of diversification in the rural economy. We've looked at institutions in the village such as sharecropping and tenancy and we've been looking at how conventional economic theories allow us to understand what's going on in the economic development of this one village. The village was chosen not randomly but it was chosen with the intention of capturing some of these big processes that we're interested in. It's not too close to Delhi. It's about 200 plus kilometers away from Delhi so it's not been contaminated in a sense by this very large city but it's located in a fairly densely populated part of the country and so there is proximity to urban areas with daily commuting and so on going on and that's something I'll come back to. It's a village that has been cultivating wheat and so it's been very much part of the Green Revolution experience that occurred during the 1960s and 70s. You can't really talk about a typical village but we can certainly say that the village is not particularly unusual in any kind of way and that's something that has actually continued over the years. It's not as though somehow during the process of our investigation of this village somehow suddenly a large aluminum smelter was located right next to it and thereby changing entirely the trajectory of the village. So nothing like that has happened. It's not particularly unusual but of course we can't say anything more about India as a whole than what we can say about this particular village. This is where it's located. It's in Uttar Pradesh in the northern part of Uttar Pradesh. It's about 30 kilometers to the south of Muralabad which is a fairly large city and about 18 kilometers to the north of Chandosi which is a much smaller little town but both of those cities have exerted quite an important influence on the village. The village has been studied since the late 1950s. First it was studied in a very detailed way by the Agricultural Economics Research Center by investigators from the Agricultural Economics Research Center in Delhi, part of Delhi University in 1957 and then again in 1962. Very important aspect of this study is that there's a census of the village. So every household in the village was interviewed and information was collected on every household that was in the village and that tradition has been carried through all the way to the present. So unlike many other village studies that are perhaps familiar to you where there's been a sample of households selected that have been investigated or studied closely, this is a case where we've actually been studying the entire population of the village and that's gonna be important for some of the observations I'll be making about income inequality for example. It was studied in 1974 or 75 by Christopher Bliss and Nick Stern who spent nine months living in the village and published a book describing their experience where they were focusing very much on agricultural practices in the village and trying to understand the tenancy market and so on. It was then again studied in 1983, 84 by Jean Dres and Nares Sharma who spent 15 months living in the village and conducting very intensive field work. Very detailed information was collected not just on the conventional type of economic variables of interest like income and so on but also very detailed qualitative information that was collected and assembled in a huge mountain of diaries that were collected and so on. So there's very detailed information of both a quantitative and a qualitative type. It was then subsequently resurveyed in 1993 with a kind of a quick survey which did not attempt to collect income data in great detail but did collect information on demographic structures and occupational profiles and so on. We then had a resurvey in 2008 and 2009 that was conducted by Himanshu who's a colleague very much involved in this project and who's also attending this conference here today. He spent two years living in the village with the collaborators and collecting probably the most detailed information that we've collected yet, including for the first time also consumption data which we've yet to analyze in great detail but that's been a bit of a departure from previous work but also very detailed information on aspects that have not received the same kind of attention in the past, gender relations and so on. This is much more detailed information that we have now. And then most recently in 2015 we used these computer handheld tablets to do another quickish survey to get an update on occupations and the demographic structures and so on. So we have data that extends all the way through to the present day from the 1950s and this is quite a unique setting in which to study economic development in one village. Just some quick figures about the village. It's a village that in 1993 had just over 1,000 people living in there and that's increased to 1,270 by 2008, 2009. It's a smallish village, the average household size of just over four. A key point is that the village has a quite a established and well-defined caste structure which is a big theme in understanding what's been happening in the village over time. There's three main castes that are really key players in the sort of economic development story of the village. They comprise the takours which are ranked at the top of the caste hierarchy followed by morows which are a traditional cultivating caste and then there's the jattabs who are a sort of disadvantaged caste at the lower, at the bottom of the caste hierarchy. These are the three big population groups. There's a whole series of other castes in there but those are the three main castes. The main economic activities in the village today are agriculture, it remains an agricultural village but there's also very important diversification out of agriculture into non-agricultural activities. That's been a big part of the story of economic development in Palampur. The kind of crops grown are wheat as I already mentioned but also rice, sugarcane, a cash crop called menta which is a main ingredient into I believe the chewing gum industry and that's exported around the world and the number of other crops and so on. Some of the main public amenities include a school. There's a railway station, not far away, temples, ponds and so on. Some of the big drivers of change over this time period since the late 1950s has been first of all population growth. In 1957 there was just over 500 people living in this village and that's expanded to 1255 by 2008, 2009 and expanding further with the most recent data. A very big development factor for us as economists of course is that the rise in per capita incomes, incomes have risen from 189 rupees in 1960, 61 prices to 411 by 2008, 2009 with a big jump occurring between 62 and 74 as part of the Green Revolution and then again a big increase in the subsequent period between 74 and 2008. Wheat yields have increased considerably and this is part of, this is the Green Revolution story and this big changes here occurred to a large extent between the 50s and 60s in the early years and 1974, 75. This was when the Green Revolution was mainly introduced, the new seed varieties, fertilizers, but a very big part of that story has been the expansion of irrigation to the village became fully irrigated by the time by the 1970s whereas that was far from the case in the early two rounds. By 2008, 2009 the yields have expanded even further. This is the consequence of further intensified irrigation allowing now for the first time through triple cropping during the course of the year and also the sort of intensification of cultivation through the use of technologies like tractors and so on which only sort of made their appearance by roughly 1983, 84. Wages, daily wages, agricultural wages have risen dramatically in the village and this is something we can see in the daily product wages where you're roughly receiving two and a half kilos of wheat per day for working in the field as an agricultural laborer in the 1950s and 60s and that's up to nine kilos of wheat per day if you work in the fields today. So that's a very, very big part of what's been going on to welfare in this village over time and I'll come back to that. In terms of the population groups, the population shares of these three main groups, the Tacors, Morales and Jatabs has increased over time with some of these smaller casts that I haven't emphasized so much here kind of diminishing in size and in number. There's migration into and out of the village is not really a very big phenomenon but some of these smaller casts have been moving out of the village. There was one cast called the Passis that moved into the village during the 1940s and 50s and that have been making their way out of the village again more recently. So what migration has occurred has been mainly of that kind but the big groups in the village, the Morales, Tacors and Jatabs have tended to stay in the village and their representation in the village population has increased over time. We've been using as our main indicator of wellbeing or of analysis a measure of income which we've attempted to construct very carefully and in a way that's uniform across all the survey years so that we are able to make comparisons over time. The interesting thing, the luxury that we have with a very intensive field study like this is that we can really subject this income measure to all kinds of checks and cross-checks and so on so we're fairly confident that this is a very accurate measure of income. Measuring income is of course really difficult to do and in a rural setting where you're doing cultivation and so on these things are very tricky but at least we have been in the position to do extensive checking and verification of the income data that we've collected, particularly in the more recent rounds of the data when more of us have been directly involved in the field work. What's been happening to the structure of the economy of the village? Well, as I said, it's an agricultural village largely and historically it was overwhelmingly agricultural and it still remains a very important part of the economy. Agricultural still remains sort of the backbone of the village economy but it's no longer the case that it's the only story of economic development. A very big part of what's been going on is an expansion or diversification out of agriculture. The big part of that, a big feature of that is the phenomenon of commuting on a daily basis out of the village to some of these nearby towns. So we have a kind of a process that's not unlike what Arthur Lewis has described of people moving out of agriculture and moving into the towns. It's taken the form not of permanent migration to the city but of commuting from the village to the nearby towns where there's all kinds of casual daily wage work that's underway. So that's a growing part of the village economy as well. We can see that here reflected in terms of the share of income coming from non-agricultural activities. Roughly 40% of households receive more than half of their income from non-farm sources by 2009 and that was well below 20% in the 50s and 60s. Non-farm income has just really expanded and become dramatically more important in the village over time. We can see that also reflected in the terms of the kind of occupations that households and the number of villagers that are involved in non-agricultural activities. It's important to emphasize that the non-farm employment that occurs in the village is not sort of regular salaried employment largely. It's very much of it is a kind of a casual, not terribly productive, it's not terribly attractive. It's often dangerous in the sense that it exposes the employee to all kinds of health risks and hazards and so on. So it's not necessarily always particularly appealing but it's considered appealing to the farmers, to the villagers. Agricultural daily wage work is very tough and very difficult. This climate makes it often very, very difficult physically and it's very much sought after by villagers to find some kind of source of employment outside of agriculture and that's what we do see. Self-employment has been expanding over time as well. So it's a combination of daily casual wage employment and self-employment that's been really the big growth over the past decades. We can see that the share of income from non-farm sources has been increasing from 34% to 52% for the village as a whole and a very important development and that's something to take note of given our interest in distributional issues is the rise in incomes from non-farm sources that are going to the jatabs, this lowest, this cast that's located at the very bottom of the social structure. This is something that's relatively recent. It was not happening up to 1983 but then between 1983 and 2008, 2009 has been something of a revolution in the extent to which the jatabs have become involved in this non-agricultural sector and that's been a big part of our understanding of what's going on both in terms of inequality as well as poverty reduction in the village. So what have been the big distributional consequences or outcomes in the village over time? Well, I just would like to sort of focus my remarks here and sort of three things. There's been a very significant poverty reduction and this is something that resonates also with what we've been observing at the all India level. It's not inconsistent with what we've been observing at the all India level. The progress has been most striking in the more recent decades. There is also an increase, a very sizable and discernible increase in income inequality within the village. This is something that doesn't resonate as well immediately at the all India level but I'll come back to that with some remarks about that aspect. And then one thing that we've been able to look at and we've been quite interested in looking at recently is this whole issue of mobility, income mobility and its connection also to these issues of opportunity that we've been discussing at this conference. And what we have seen and what we do see in Palampur is this very dramatic rise of this lowest cast in recent decades. And so that's evidence of really important social mobility that's taking place. At the same time and touching on some remarks made by Marcos Yanti at yesterday's conference, we do also see some evidence of a Gatsby curve. So if we look at intergenerational mobility, there's actually some evidence that as the villages become more unequal, there's actually a decline in intergenerational mobility in the village and we're able to provide some evidence of that and I'll come back to that. So just on the poverty front, what we have is conventional estimates of poverty irrespective of what kind of measure you use, we'll find a clear decline in the headcount rate of poverty or some other conventional measure of poverty. I do wanna go back and try out Martin's lower floor story. We have done all the stochastic dominance analysis but we never really focused on that minimum income and here we don't have a survey, we actually have a population census so it'll actually be interesting to see what's been happening to the minimum incomes in the village over time. So I do wanna go back to that. But sort of conventional poverty measurement suggests that there's been very significant poverty decline. One thing that we've been able to do in Palampur which is one of the nice features of a rich study like a Palampur studies that we've been able to complement our analysis of poverty based on income with at least some investigation or some acknowledgement of other dimensions of welfare. Then the way that we've done that in the Palampur study is to introduce an idea, a concept of what we call observed means which essentially takes the form of the investigators who spend a very long time in the village and really get to become very familiar and very on almost intimate terms with all of the villagers. They're able to observe these villagers in a way that extends well beyond the calculation of a simple income measure. They're able to look at these villagers in terms of their lifestyle, in terms of intra household distributional issues and so on. And they're able to come and obtain an assessment of how well that household is doing that's kind of separate and not necessarily entirely lined up with an income measure. And so we've constructed over the years in 1983 and in the subsequent rounds a sort of measure of observed means. Now this is a very much a relative measure. It's a way of ranking households rather than the cardinal measure that actually provides a precise number. But it allows us to rank households in terms of a very broader concept of welfare that implicitly takes into account all kinds of other dimensions that may be of importance in the village. And then we can compare how households are ranked when it comes to ranking in terms of incomes or when it comes to rankings in terms of observed means. And what we see is that there is at least in this particular exercise, there's a fairly nice correspondence in terms of the kind of rankings we get using our very carefully constructed income measure and the rankings we get using this observed means ranking. And just to show one aspect of that here we have, we're looking at the three main caste groups and we're putting them into five categories or roughly 20% of the village population in each of these categories extending from being considered very poor to being considered rich. And we see that the jet tubs in 1983-84 on the basis of income were very clearly concentrated in the very poor and poor categories. Whereas the morows who had been benefiting largely from this green revolution technologies, they were the traditional cultivators, were really taking advantage of these opportunities and were really making the most of these new technologies and were doing well in agriculture and therefore seeing relatively high incomes and were therefore ranked at the sort of higher categories of this distribution. In 1988-2009 with a diversification of the economy away from agriculture and basically pressure of population on the land it's become much more difficult to sort of make ends meet relying on agriculture. And the morows whose strategy had been to focus largely on cultivation have found it difficult to sort of maintain those same living standards that they were able to achieve in the earlier rounds based on their cultivation practices. So they've dropped down in the welfare distribution and jet tubs who we've seen were taking advantage of these new non-farm opportunities have been able to take advantage of that and actually rise at least for some of them in the income distribution and are now sort of located along the full spectrum of the income distribution. If we ask whether a similar pattern would be observed if we had done this whole exercise in terms of this observed means criteria we see that the picture is very similar. Again, with the jet tubs at the bottom of the distribution and the morows at the top of the distribution in 1983 and then that changing as we move to the more recent rounds. So again, this is reflected in the observed means classification as well. All of this simply to say that this village study and this detailed information allows us to look at welfare and welfare rankings in terms of the sort of standard criteria that we often use as economists but also to complement that with other indicators that are of importance and other dimensions that are of relevance. Turning now to inequality, I've already mentioned that there has been a noticeable increase in income inequality in the village and that's just documented here in terms of the Gini coefficient as well as any other measures of inequality that one might be interested in and it's really quite striking how inequality has risen from say 0.27 in 1974, 75 in terms of the Gini coefficient to 0.37 and that's a very big increase over time and we don't typically see those kind of big increases very frequently. So there's been a very noticeable increase in inequality and the question arises, well what's been behind that? One of the exercises we carried out was a sort of standard decomposition of inequality of income inequality by sources of income and there we can see that whereas in the earlier rounds of the data most of the inequality could be attributed to cultivation income by the 2008, 2009 round of the data more than 50% of overall income inequality could be attributed to the incomes coming from non-agricultural sources. So this diversification of the economy away from agriculture into non-agricultural activities has had as a consequence a very big increase in inequality and we can see that kind of contribution coming from these non-farm income. So inequality has risen dramatically as a result of this expansion of non-farm income opportunities. We can ask as to, we've already shown you quickly that the jatams have been rising in the income distribution and the murals have been dropping down a little bit and what we do see confirmation we see confirmation of those kind of processes when we do a decomposition of inequality in terms of population groups with caste differences accounting for less of the overall income inequality that we observe in the village than what we had observed in earlier rounds. 13% of the inequality is now attributable to between caste differences. Most of the inequality is a within caste phenomenon. One development that we had been observing and that we had become quite alarmed about up to the more recent rounds of data had been that the jatams as a group had been falling steadily behind and further behind the rest of the village. So it had been the case that up until 19, up until the recent rounds of the data, the jatams as a group had been falling behind the rest of the village population. That seems to have, again, probably as a result of this entry into the non-farm sector, that seems to have reversed itself with the jatams now no longer being as falling behind and in some sense catching up to the rest of the village. And we can see that in this partitioning index figure of 20%, relative to 36% in 1983, 84%. So just a couple of remarks about what we've been seeing in Palampur and thinking about how that relates to what's going on in India as a whole. We've been noticing quite a significant increase in inequality occurring in Palampur and this has been occurring as a result of a process of non-farm diversification that if you look at the all India level, if you look at the NSS data, you do find evidence of a similar process underway in India as a whole as well, this diversification of the rural economies occurring and the NSS data, for example, find plenty of evidence to support that. Yet at the all India level, we don't see a significant increase in inequality. And in Palampur, we do see this very significant increase in inequality. So can we think a little bit about how to reconcile those findings? Well, one of the possible issues is that we've been measuring inequality in terms of income, whereas the NSS survey typically measures inequality on the basis of consumption. So it could be the fact that these different indicators are telling a different story. That's one possibility. Another possibility that has come up already at this conference is this whole question of people thinking about inequality in terms of absolute terms, as opposed to us measuring inequality using relative measures of inequality. It could be that there's a lot of debate about inequality in India and a lot of excitement about inequality because people have in mind very clear increases in absolute inequality. And that's just not reflected in the relative inequality measures that we're using. But I would submit that there's a third possibility, which I think is an important one to pay attention to, which is that it's perfectly possible for all India inequality measured in a relative measure to not change over time, while at the same time, village inequality in all of India's half a million villages is increasing. That's not at all inconsistent. And it might actually be occurring. It could well be occurring that we're seeing village level inequality increasing, but that all India level inequality, things are not changing much at all. And that would be possible only if the differences between villages were in some sense narrowing over time. And maybe such a process is underway. It's well worth exploring further. Finally, just a few remarks about mobility. I think I've already documented the rise of the jet tubs and the decline of the morows. We find evidence, if we look at transition matrices across adjacent years, we find evidence of considerable mobility, both of upward as well as downward mobility. And we also find evidence of declining immobility. So if you look between 57 and 83 in terms of income, 22% of households were ranked in the same quintiles. If we look at between 83 and 2008, 2009, that had declined to 18%. So there seems to be some evidence of increasing mobility when we just looked at the standard intra-generational mobility. And that's consistent with what we've been seeing, understanding in terms of the relative movements of the jet tubs versus the morows and so on. However, it's interesting to think about inter-generational mobility as well. It's a distinct type of mobility. It's the mobility where you ask how a father's income is able to allow you to predict or anticipate what your income is going to be. And it turns out that there has been a lot of discussion following Alan Kruger's well-known discussion of the Gatsby curve that as economies rise, as inequality in countries increases, inter-generational mobility might actually be declining. And then we see this relationship this is taken from Alan Kruger's paper. We see that there is this positive relationship between immobility across generations and inequality in countries. Well, we decided because of the data and the richness of the data that we have that we could actually investigate this to some extent in the Palampur data as well. And essentially the story we find is very similar to what we've been observing at this national level in the Gatsby curve graph. What we're seeing is declining immobility and increase in the inter-generational elasticity of incomes between fathers and sons. And we first do the comparison between 1957 and 1983. And then we do the comparison between 1983 and 2008, 2009. And as inequality has risen in Palampur, we're seeing evidence of inter-generational mobility declining, and this is obviously a source of considerable concern. So let me just end very quickly just to say that I think there is a real value to looking at some of these issues of income distribution and poverty dynamics in the context of these village studies. And in India, there's a very rich tradition of doing this type of work. There are lots of village studies underway and they are periodically assembled and summarized. And I think this type of analysis can be very helpful to understand what's going on. Many important components of the story of income distribution are often statistically invisible in our household surveys, whether it's a village or whether it's looking at a small town. It's something that we should pay attention to. And there's a very interesting study that this is not just to suggest that this is not just a phenomenon of a developing country. Very interesting study by Bill Easterly and colleagues recently of a single block in New York City over four centuries has documented also this very interesting process of up and down dynamics of how the economy of one block in New York City can be changing dramatically over time. So let me stop at that and thank you very much for your attention. Next we have Santiago Levy. Thank you, Eric. And good morning to everybody. I won't be using slides, so I'll be speaking here from the table. Let me begin first by thanking Weider. It's a real pleasure to be here. Thank you so much for the invitation. And as Eric mentioned at the beginning, I'll try to speak a little bit more from the policy perspective and needless to say, very much from a Latin American view, perhaps some of my remarks will be useful for the regions of the world, but I really don't claim any knowledge of other areas. I'll speak mostly about Latin America. I'll begin by saying that in matters of poverty, there's actually good news coming from Latin America. If you look at the period from 2000 to 2013, 2014, years for which we have the latest income expenditure surveys, the news is basically good for the region as a whole. If you take the $4 a day poverty line, poverty count fell from 45% to 25%. If you take a stricter poverty line, say a two and a half dollar a day, poverty fell from 28% to 14% of the population, about half. So those are very, very good news. Secondly, poverty fell in almost every country in the region. It's a really economy, it's sort of a continent-wide phenomenon. Thirdly, poverty did not increase in 2009, 2008 as a result of the world financial crisis. And fourthly, even though the region has not been doing so well after the world financial crisis and in fact there's been a major growth slown in the region since 2011 to 2015, poverty has not increased. So we compare these facts with what used to happen in Latin America during previous crisis or other periods. This is really different. It's notable on the whole, it's very good news. And I think it's sort of a substantive achievement of the region that needs to be sort of recognized. What explains these notable achievement of the region over the last 15 years or so? I think broadly the story has two large components. One is growth. Certainly, particularly the first decade of the century was very good for Latin America. On the back of spectacular conditions in international capital markets and on the back of a commodity boom, the region increased the growth rate to about five, five and a half percent, which is almost double the traditional growth rate of the region in the 90s, which was on the order of two and a half to three percent. So growth is an important part of the explanation, but it is not the whole part of the explanation because as I mentioned before, from about 2011, the region has been slowing down. Sadly, every year since 2011, the growth rate to the region has been less than the previous year. And in fact, the growth rate for 2015 will probably be zero. So the fact that poverty has continued to fall despite the fact that there's been a growth slowdown says that growth is not the complete part of the story. I think the second part of the story has to do with the fact that poverty policy is broadly defined in the region improved noticeably over the last 15 years. There's been a real change in the attention of governments to designing and putting into place poverty focus programs that have really made a difference in terms of the living standards of many people. So what I wanna do now is speak a little bit about these programs, my assessment of where they are, and then come back and pick up on the growth issue and then say, what does that relate to poverty in the region? As many of you know, Latin America was pioneer in putting together these targeted transfers programs to the poor that were made conditional on some kind of socially desirable behavior, behaviors associated with sending children to school or having members of the family go to health clinics or some other behavior that was thought to be important to be stimulated. And many countries design programs that would target transfers conditional on these behaviors. Depending on which country the region you look at, these countries are now targeting anywhere between half a percent and 1% of GDP directly on these families. This is different from what it was in the 1990s and targeting anywhere between half a percent to 1% of GDP on the lowest 15, 20% of population really has meant a difference in terms of income poverty, of reduction of income poverty, and has also made a difference in terms of reducing inequality. There's of course a lot of heterogeneity across countries in terms of the size of these programs and the coverage, but by and large, almost every country in the region has a program of this sorts, sometimes focused on the early associated with pensions, but usually focused on the whole members of the household associated also with behaviors, as I mentioned before, having to do with schooling and having to do with health and nutrition. This has been a substantive achievement, I think, in terms of policy, but I think that there are four important issues that looking forward we have to pay attention to thinking about these problems. First, there's still an issue of coverage and targeting. I think some of the numbers that Martin was showing us before probably suggest, even though the data's not all that was there, at the very, very, very bottom, perhaps people aren't being able to help as much as they have. So there's still an issue of targeting and there's still an issue of coverage and these issues will become important in the future years because the fiscal situation of many countries in the region is not as good as it was before and trying to really reach some people haven't been treated so far is an important challenge as to be there. Second, yes, these programs have been very useful in changing the allocation of household time, a lot less allocation of time of children to work, a lot more allocation of time of children to go into school, some allocation of time of the household to doing things associated with their health and their nutrition, but the deeper indicators of human capital accumulation are not as good as we'd like them to be. So food consumption has gone up, the diets are much more diversified than in the past, but if you look at deeper indicators of nutrition like anemia, the advance has not been as deep as we'd like it to be. Some indicators of unstunting have improved but have not improved as much as we have and if you look at other indicators, yes, children are going much more to school than they were doing in the past, even youngsters are going much more to school. There's been an important change in the ratio of girls to boys so that in many countries now what you see is that attendance by girls is actually higher than attendance by boys, a real break from what the situation used 20 years ago, but if you ask questions about how much learning is actually taking place in school, the news is not so good. So first point, coverage and targeting, second point, impact on deeper indicators of human capital not so much there and this brings me to the third point, I think that has been an unbalance in many of these programs, paying attention to the demand side of stimulating the demand for education, stimulating the demand for health, stimulating the demand for attention to nutrition and similar things have to do with human capital but insufficient attention on the supply side associated with the quality of services. So maybe you have the kids going to school but the teacher is actually not there, you have the household showing up at the health clinics but the medicines are not always there. The quality of services is still a challenge and the political economy behind the quality of services is still an unsolved issue in the region. It has proven a lot easier for governments in the region to, if I say so bluntly, redistribute money and it's been a lot more difficult for governments in the region to actually organize services from the point of view health and education in particular and ensure that in remote villages and in peripheral urban areas, the quality of the services really implies that there's a translation into better human capital. And the fourth flaw with this program as I see it and this is probably a design flaw of some of us who were thinking about these programs 20 years ago and now with hindsight, we realize that the important design flaws have to do with the fact that I think there was a substantial underestimation of the problems associated with early child development. There was a thought that if children had better nutrition and if children went to school, that would be enough. And I think issues that now we understand better than what we did 20 years ago associated with other indicators of child development, social emotional development, language development were not paid the attention that they should have been paid to. And what you have now is evidence that shows that children from poor families are going to school but by the time that they're reaching school, they're one and a half, two years behind children of similar ages because their language development and other metrics have not stopped. So there's an important agenda to incorporate early child development as part of the human capital programs that are being done there and that's not there. So there is a substantive agenda from the policy point of view strictly thinking about poverty programs in the region and that substantive agenda in the years ahead has to focus in my view on the quality of targeting and the coverage of the programs. On the political economy of service delivery, we did understand the incentives on the household side to consume more human capital. We did not understand the incentives on the government side to supply more health and education and more things to do with human capital. And thirdly, to design cost effective ECD interventions, early child development interventions that are cost effective and that can be brought up to scale. We have a lot of evidence of very small programs on early child development that yes, we can measure very carefully what the impacts are. We have very little evidence of what can be scaled up programs that can be done massively at a cost effective way and incorporated into the human capital issue of poverty alleviation. That said, I think the balance from what we were say 20 years ago is on my view on the positive. The key question, and this brings me to sort of the second part of my intervention, the key question then from the point of view of poverty policy looking forward is, is the accumulation of human capital in poor households translating into higher earned income? Is this more human capital that they're acquiring as a result of all these programs implying that they can earn more income on their own? And there the evidence that we have is very, very scanty. They're not sufficient studies that really can do a panel or to a follow up of households and find out whether in fact these households are actually having more income on their own as a participant in the labor market. But the little evidence that is beginning to come in and now in some countries, these programs have been there for 20 years or so, the little evidence that we're beginning to see is that the answer is most likely not. There is not evidence that there's been translating of this into higher income for the poor. This is again has to be taken with a grain of salt because the numbers as I mentioned before are not really systematic for the region as a whole, not deep enough. But this issue of higher earn income for poor households has to be placed in the context of are these economies growing enough to generate this? And here the difficulty, the analytical difficulty is separating a transitory growth that the region observed particularly between 2002 and 2009 associated as I mentioned at the beginning with particularly good conditions in international capital markets, particularly good conditions associated with the growth in China and world commodity prices that did bring a kind of a growth spurt in the region into a perhaps a more long-term trend in which growth in the region is really very, very slow and it's mostly associated with the, perhaps it's the biggest possible in Latin America which is why is productivity growth in the region stagnant. So if you take away the contribution of population growth and all that and if you look at growth indicators to the medium term in the region, what you find is that productivity growth, total factor productivity has pretty much stagnated in the region for the region as a whole. Variations across country but by and large it's a very, very dismal picture. Now I think the challenge is to begin to make a bridge between the people who think about growth and productivity and the people who think about poverty. This has been by and large two sort of separate areas but I think we now have to think about total factor productivity growth, not as a growth issue per se, we have to think about a poverty issue. What is it that needs to occur for productivity, particularly labor productivity of the poor has to do? If we're going to break the intergenerational transmission of poverty and if it's going to be the case that the new youngsters, poor youngsters that are entering the labor market are gonna have higher earned income than their parents, it must be that they have higher productivity jobs than their parents. And this higher productivity jobs for the new cohorts of young people that are entering to the labor market are not being there. This is in my own personal view, the key analytical challenge in terms of poverty policy for the region. We do understand a lot better money of the issues having to do with human capital accumulation and we do understand the challenges that are specific to what needs to occur to improve on that dimension. I think there's a lot less consensus on a diagnosis first of why is it that total factor productivity in the region as a whole has stagnating and secondly, what would be the sort of policy combination that would bring to back breaking that. We don't have a canonical model, we don't have in my view a systemic understanding of that issue. What I think we have today is a paparita recipes that really are just thrown out and so one day we focus on micro credit as a way maybe it's gonna help and raise their incomes and then the next day is gonna be the pushing small and medium sized enterprises and granting credit to small and medium sized enterprises and then the next day we think about training programs that this is gonna be the real key that it's gonna bring about the change and then now we think that the real issue is about that the quality of education has not been up to standards. Each of these component probably is right but we don't really have in my view, I might be wrong, a systemic understanding as to are we really just shooting with a shotgun all over the place or do we have a clear understanding of exactly where is it in each country that is a real substantive constraint for real total factor productivity growth. So policy in my view a little bit, I'm being a bit sarcastic here, is kind of a flavor of the month kind of policy between SMEs or training programs or the quality of education or micro credit and the research agenda looking forward in terms of poverty alleviation policy has to be focused on this and in particular has to be focused on the centrality of the labor market as the central mechanism by which the question that I asked before is greater accumulation of human capital for the poor going to be translated into higher earned income for new cohorts of workers that are entering the labor market. Without focusing on the centrality of the labor market I think we're not gonna make progress. This is very conflated with issues of formal and informal participation in labor market. There's a plethora of views out there. There's yet a canonical model that will bring sort of a good sense of what we have to do. So this is a research group. The invitation then is to focus our attention in poverty policy to of course continue working on these issues having to do with human capital accumulation and some of the challenges that I mentioned before. There's still an agenda and there's still things that can be done there and these things will improve the welfare of the poor. But we have to broaden our view when we think about poverty policy we've got to place this in the context of growth and total factor productivity and we have to think about the deeper questions about the labor market, productivity growth and labor productivity in the labor market. There is where I think the onical challenges are. So let me stop there. I think there are many achievements, many things to feel proud of and there are many many more things to be worried about. Thank you. Thank you very much. We have just heard some I think very rich presentations and covering really the continuum all the way from the global level to the regional level to the village level. What Martin did was to focus on the need for accurate and relevant measurements of poverty, particularly for the most deprived among the poor. Santiago looked at regional trends within Latin America showed the impact of a number of social protection projects on poverty raised a number of issues in terms of the interaction, interrelationship among growth and poverty. And finally, the Peter Lionel concentrated on the economy of the village looking at poverty issues within the village context and again emphasizing the impact of technological change and policy changes within the village. And to use an analogy which is probably quite far fetched as some of you know, I have a small estate in Northern California which is a small Redwood forest. And the analogy that came to my mind is that what Martin was doing was to focus on how to nurture the giant Redwood forest, really global view. What Santiago did was to concentrate on a forest which combined different kinds of trees but the idea again was how to nurture these trees so that they would grow. And finally Peter looked at it from the standpoint of a bonsai tree. How does one nurture a bonsai tree so that the bonsai tree actually grows? So it was a very rich and of course a complete, relatively complete picture of this continuum. So at this stage I opened the floor for questions and comments and as usual what we're going to do is to take maybe two, three questions, rounds of two, three questions, give the panel a chance to answer them and then move to the next one. Rolf? Thank you very much, Rolf from the Hoover Institute of Social Studies. Like Eric, I'd like to congratulate all the presenters also presenting a presentation with clear presentation with our PowerPoint. I enjoyed that also very much. I actually want to link up the first and the last presentation. I liked very much Martin's proposition to look more at the bottom and I liked his conclusion was very descriptive that in the sliced countries the bottom was lifted faster than in developing countries. And Santiago Levy mentioned the absence of attention to the labor market. And I just want to ask Martin because he said in his paper he has more explanations which he mentioned. Is there a link between the setting up of the labor market institutions in the 19th century, minimum wages, social welfare in developed countries which actually was a big contributor to lifting up that bottom and then coming back to Santiago, if that is the case, what are the challenges then for developing countries to achieve that same process and what that implies also for wider research in the future. Thank you. Thank you very much. Yes, sir. Gentlemen. Good morning. This is Anand from University of Bradford. Thank you very much for all the presenters. I'm going to ask a question on the bonsai plant that is to Peter. I think as someone who is interested in case studies I have drawn a lot of inspiration from Palanpur studies and I think these have brought a lot of rich, consistent kind of understanding of village level institutions and so on. Just I have two questions. One is whenever I try to propose these kind of studies university research ethics committee really demands quite a lot of attention. So by the time these studies started in the 1950s perhaps research ethics and concept of informed consent was quite different from how it is today. So I just want your advice on how you reconcile the question about extractive nature of this kind of research and how we could answer research ethics committee that this kind of research is justified, number one. And number two, in longitudinal studies how do you avoid Heisenberg effect that the very fact that you are doing these studies information gets out and maybe some people who moved to the village or because they want to be included in the studies not knowing what these studies are about. So how do you overcome Heisenberg effect? Thank you. Thank you. One more question. Yes, please. Thank you very much to all the presenters. Guillermo Cruz is from University of La Plata in Argentina. I have a question for Santiago but I welcome all the presenters to the convene. Thank you for the thoughts on this. But I wanted to know to what extent do you think welfare reform, let me call it in those grand terms or integrating more these programs, these now not so new programs into the welfare system, some of them old in the region and this perhaps goes beyond the region and other developing regions or integrating these programs into the old or the new systems. How much do you think that is a first order effect on productivity or more of a second order or something good that we want to achieve but that might not affect productivity and the labor market as much? I want to know your thoughts about that, please. Thank you. So I'll give a chance to the panelists to respond to the first set of questions and I already noted a few future questions. Martin, you want to? Thank you for the questions. I'll just address Rolf's question. This is something I'm still trying to figure out and ongoing research, I just sort of figured out how to do the measure. I figured out how to do the measurement in a reasonably satisfactory way and now I'm trying to explain the differences that I see in the evolution of the floor in different countries and the cross-sectional differences as well. My working hypothesis at this stage which is consistent with everything I know is that a huge role has been played by social protection policy and social safety net policy broadly defined including, of course, minimum wage legislation which began in New Zealand in 1906 but there are a number of things happening in the late 19th century, early 20th century in that period up to including just after the First World War in the United States across Western Europe as well which I think were key in raising the floor. We see an effort now in the developing world to do just that. We're seeing a rapid expansion in social safety nets in developing countries. 20 years ago you could count on one hand the number of countries that had anything you could reasonably call a social safety net now it's getting quite common. It doesn't mean that they're very effective, however and I've been looking into that and bottom line is the coverage of the poorest is abysmally low, it's just not reaching them. The reason isn't so much poor targeting in the conventional sense, it's really poor coverage of these programs. So yeah, that's my hypothesis at this stage but again it's something for further work. Thanks very much for the questions. I guess the Palampur study as you noted goes back a long time and I'm not sure, oh sorry, and I'm not sure to what extent there was extensive inquiries and there's a lot of investigation of these whole issues of consent at the time of the AERC going into the village in the 1950s and so on. Over the years we have had, it's been an ongoing process, I don't remember of us having any particular questions raised about this issue with respect to the recent rounds of data that we've been collecting. I think possibly one factor has been that we've not been investigating or trying to look at a particular intervention in any kind of way, it's just been more like an anthropological study in the sense that we just go to the village and we sit and we observe and we ask questions about what people are doing but we're not trying to follow up on any particular interventions of any kind and that may well be one of the reasons that there has been less querying around the Palampur study along these lines. I should leave it, my colleague Himanshu is here and who is in charge of the data collection in the more recent rounds, whether there was any specific questions raised say by JNU at the time of us doing the more recent data collection. I'm not sure of that but perhaps we could follow up with him after the session. On the Heisenberg effect, I mean this is something that we do obviously, this is a question that's been raised periodically with respect to the study, it's clear that when you go into a village and it's not a big village and you spend a year in the village pestering the villagers with all kinds of questions about why they're doing this and what they're doing and are they sure that it was really 50 kilos that they harvested as opposed to 47 or something like that, that you might affect behavior, you might affect the way the respondents might give answers to questions and so on and I don't think that we can claim that it did not happen, it's very difficult for us to make that kind of a claim. Now on the other hand, we do want to note that between these rounds of survey data collection there were often years, sometimes decades of time so that it wasn't as though this was a continuous process all throughout the seven decades of field work and it also became the case, it also seems to be the case that as you're collecting these data, at first the villagers notice you and are somewhat curious and ask you questions about why you're there but very quickly you become part of the landscape and they just get on with their lives, there's really a very deliberate effort made largely to stay uninvolved in any of the villagers' activities and so on to sort of remain outside and as villagers became aware of that they also just sort of at certain point they said, okay well we'll just go on with our life and we didn't see, I don't think we have any examples of really egregious changes in the behavior of the villagers as a result of the field work being undertaken but obviously it's certainly not impossible that there were aspects of the villagers' behavior that were affected and I don't know how you could get around that doing this type of study. So thank you for the questions. On the question by Rolf. So I do think that the institutions here are really critical and are really really important the way you think about policy. Broadly in my view I think that attempts to redistribution through interventions in the labor market in Latin America are most likely gonna fail than work. This varies very much from country to country of course but a key empirical fact that needs to be paid attention to is that for the region as a whole more than 50% of the labor force is in the informal sector. For some countries, you know Bolivia is 80%, for Peru it's 61%, even for a country like Mexico 60% of labor force is in the informal sector. It's in fact few countries mostly in the Southern Cone, Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, perhaps a little bit Brazil that have less informality. When you think about that you've gotta think about the fact that this is endogenous to the incentive structure. So if you then change the incentive structure in the labor market, there will be a response by firms and workers. So most likely because there's imperfect enforcement of these regulations, you're not gonna really reach the sort of people at the very, very bottom that you thought you were gonna reach. So from the point of view of poverty if you really, really want to reach the very, very bottom in most countries in Latin America you don't think about the minimum wage. You have to think about a minimum income and some other mechanism to redistribute that avoids the labor market, that's kind of rough. On Guillermo's question, what I think has happened is something at the same time good but that needs to be sort of changed. I think that the countries of the region have constructed what I sometimes call the tropical welfare state, which is a patchwork of contributory and non-contributory programs that have very conflicting set of incentives for workers and firms. This has been good from the point of view of many more people now have an income transfer at old age than what they did before. Many more people now have access to health insurance than what they did before or to disability insurance or to protection against risk. And this is definitely welcome. On the other side, we'd have to think that there's firms and workers react to all these incentives and that the choice of self-employment and being employee, the choice of firm size, the choice of contractual structure of the firm is endogenous to all these incentives and this hurts productivity and it goes sort of back to my original point. In my own work, and I've only done numbers for Mexico, what I find is that the productivity cost of all these interventions can be high. Controlling for firm size in formal firms are 35 to 50% less productive than formal firms. These are large numbers. And the size distribution of firms is very skewed. So I'm not arguing that only the labor market interventions associated with quote unquote the tropical welfare state is behind this. There are many other issues having to do with taxation. There are other issues having to do with credit. But clearly among the incentive structure, the firms and workers are looking at are the incentives that are being from the social insurance mechanism and from the labor regulations, severance pay and all that, minimum wages in some cases. And this, in my view, needs deep reform if it's going to be productivity conducing instead of being an obstacle to productivity growth. Thank you very much. Just for the sake of maximizing time, could I ask the individuals asking questions to be as brief as possible and also to the extent possible, the replies to be brief. I already have two people on my list, Florence and Alain and this one. So one more maybe, Rob. Okay, so Francis, would you please? Oh, thank you. I thought there were three absolutely fascinating and enlightening presentations. But for each of them, I wonder if they'd considered also using a non-monetary measure of poverty, multidimensional poverty, something which captures, in a way, the real aspects of poverty. Because if you think of each of them, if you think of Martin's presentation, it's capability poverty that Amartya Sen is talking about and Martin is trying to capture. If you think of Mexico, there's this sort of irony or paradox that poverty seems to have declined and yet real human capital has not improved or not so much, so a multidimensional poverty measure would automatically capture that, changes in nutrition and so on and so forth. And similarly for Palanpour, the well-being measure is one thing, but we would like to know what had happened to nutrition, what had happened to real deprivations. So I just suggest that along with your monetary measures, you should add this. Thank you, Alain. Thank you. The process of what's happening in Palanpour is very interesting in the sense that land appears to be a curse and the mobility is more associated with non-farm opportunities. And is that because there is fundamentally a land market failure, land fails to concentrate, land fails to create opportunities for those who could develop better incomes via access to the land? Is it due to lack of migration and to then land not being available or are there ways that are restricting land transactions that create this land curse in a sense? Then in San Diego, there are industries in Mexico that have been spectacular gains in total factor productivity, especially in the car industry around Monterrey. And yet real wages have fallen, real wages have fallen. The work of Harley-Shacon, for example. And so is that the labor market failure or is that the drag of the labor market failure overall, which in a sense is preventing total factor productivity gains from being reflected in rising wages? And if there is this drag, then is there a way of delinking, in a sense for workers in those particular sectors, the total factor productivity of linking the total factor productivity gains to the wage via labor, via representation, via bargaining, things which are to a significant extent missing today. This is Supermanian. This is for you, Martin. I found your presentation very interesting and perhaps this is a little self-serving because it has commonalities with some of the work which I have been doing recently. It's interesting to note that the head-count ratio comprehends the count conception of poverty but ignores the floor, while the measure which you propose comprehends the floor conception but tends to ignore the count part of the picture. And there might be something to be said for combining both of these in a single measure and one possibility which I would like you to consider and which I have advanced in some of the recent work that I've done and I'm sure this is not the only way of doing it. It's the following one. It's useful to recall that your measure which I read with great interest is actually the average income below the upper bound that you stipulate, less an expression for inequality in the distribution of incomes below that upper limit. Now in exactly the same spirit, one could think of fixing effectively the head-count ratio at say some, the poorest income, poorest X percent of the population. And to consider, let us say, an indicator which is simply the average income of the poorest 20% adjusted for inequality. And one possible merit of this, although you might see it as a demerit, is that one dispenses altogether with a need for a poverty line, which itself as you know, has been a subject of some controversy to put it mildly in the discussion. Thank you. Thank you, Rob. Post FAO, I liked all the presentations, but particularly interested in Santiago's presentation on the effectiveness of the social transfers. I think what the bottom line, what you're trying to say is that the social protection measure, the cash transfer programs, only become truly effective if they're well-embedded with other policies. And I think not for nothing in Mexico, they have now changed the program's name again from Progresa to Prospera to indicate the linkages with productive interventions. I think what would be interesting to look in the house that works in the Latin American context, but at least at FAO, the research we've done in African context in how social protection is helping poor farmers and rural livelihoods, that there may be three key mechanisms that previously may have been underestimated in the research. The first are local economy effects. If you give poor people a bit more income, they spend it and typically spend it locally, so you get a multiplier effect, and we find it's between, for each dollar spent on the cash transfer, you get a dollar and a half to two and a half dollars back in local economy return. But it works better if other things fall into place, if you have infrastructure, so there's market connections and so on. The second is the impact on assets. Are people able to buy agricultural tools or other things, or is the social protection enough to prevent them from selling off a cow or a plow which otherwise would have prevented their next cycle? And the final, maybe what we find is the most important point, particularly for those that we don't want to leave behind at the bottom end, is that the social protection seems to be giving them back the dignity and the entrance into social networks, the community participation and so on. And that has a very strong productivity effect. We're interested to see if Latin America contracts a bit different, but whether that could also be explored further. Thank you very much. We have 10 minutes and four questions on the floor which have to be replied to. And if we want to have another round, let's try to again be extremely brief. I'd like to have one more round before Finn essentially closes the session. Okay. Very briefly, both in response to Francis Stewart and to Professor Supermanian, I'm all in favor of a kind of, I like the expression dashboard approach. I'd really not in favor of combining indicators. I typically don't find this very useful. So in this case, in this case, sorry. It can't move anymore. Move, move, move, move, move, move, move. Technical problem. And a minor problem with the existence of this table. But okay, I'm not in tall in favor of, okay, put it this way. I think poverty is multi-dimensional, but I don't think you can combine it into one dimension. I don't think you can, it makes any sense at all to be combining these things in some arbitrary ad hoc way. I don't find that useful. I don't find it useful, policy. I don't find it useful, monitoring. So in response to both, I don't think that's the right way to go. I think we need, well, what I'm saying is that existing approaches in an important way do not capture everything we want to know and we need supplementary measures. And finally, I think in response to Francis, one thing is to say you're measuring poverty in terms of incomes and another is to use a money metric of welfare. And that's what I'm arguing. There's no problem with measuring poverty in terms of income as long as you're using money metrics of welfare. Welfare is a function of many things. And as I've argued, it's also a function of social effects, relative deprivation, shame, social exclusion. These things are aspects of people's welfare. What one is struggling for is a money metric of those things. Be careful about the critiques of the income-based poverty measurement because sometimes they miss that point. Quick answer to, the issue of land and agriculture is very interesting. I mean, what I showed you very quickly in one of the graphs was this is the very important influence that population growth has had on the village so that per capita land holdings in the village have declined by a factor of five since 1950s to the present. There isn't space for enlarging the village land. There's just a growing population and so per capita land holdings have really declined precipitously. Wheat yields have continued to rise. So it's not as though it's just a backwater area. There's nothing happening. It's quite dynamic. There is a lot of agriculture going on and it's quite intensive and there's three crops per year that are taking place. There's all kinds of new seeds and new crops being experimented with and so on. So it's quite dynamic from that point of view. The tendency market exists as an institution and has existed throughout the whole survey period as a method or mechanism whereby land can go from those who have an abundance of land to those who would like to operate more land than they have. And it has continued to function. It's also been evolving in very interesting ways and we do have separate research that's describing how that tendency market has been evolving. And then finally, I would point that one thing that has been noticeable, one indirect effect from this non-farm sector has been the very, very dramatic rise in agricultural wages which have made cultivation much more costly and exercise. And so farmers complain bitterly and it might be partly also the Enrega might have also had an influence here, but farmers complain bitterly about the lack of agricultural laborers at times when they really need labor assistance. So that might be also be a factor behind some of the struggles that the farmers are having at the moment. With respect to the non-income dimensions, one of the, I was trying to emphasize an ability to track changes over a long period of time and so I was focusing on our income measure which we have attempted to try to produce in a way that is comparable or as comparable as possible over the various survey years. We have of course been collecting all kinds of other data on nutrition, on educational outcomes, on intra-household distribution, on gender relations, on political activism or organization in the village, and these are all being described in the research that we're doing. They don't all necessarily lend themselves as well to these comparisons over time as our income-based measure does and so that's what I've been focusing on in my remarks here today. Quickly on Francis' question. I'm sort of on Martin's side of this. I think there should be various metrics that we look at at the same time and try to pull together a picture from the various metrics, but I think trying to aggregate all these metrics into a single indicator has a lot of conceptual problems so I think it's kind of this dashboard approach. I feel comfortable with that. On Alain's question, in a way Alain, the bet 20 years ago was that in fact, all these reforms were gonna be sufficient such that the large firms and the formal firms would be able to over time take a bigger share of employment, a bigger share of value added and a bigger share of the economy, so to speak. The bet didn't work. 20 years later, I don't know what it'll work in the future but certainly for the last two decades, that bet didn't work. What has occurred is that you have a subset of firms that are fairly small that show very high productivity growth but the large number of firms, 70, 80% of all firms have stagnant productivity growth and the weighted average of that translates into basically stagnating productivity growth. So in fact, I think we have to rethink and think whether in fact this notion that all these small informal firms will fade by themselves automatically as a result of growth is actually not the opposite unless you do something about these firms and what is incentivizing their existence and their continuous repetition, growth will not be able to pick up and that's perhaps the way to think about it. Lastly on Rob's question, I think some of these effects that you're speaking about about the multiplier effect in local regional economies there are present in the Latin American case except that as opposed to Africa, you're talking about a much more urbanized region. So they dissipate a lot more because a lot of the poverty is in the urban poverty. So that you really need to think more systematically about how to participate, not in a small region labor market but sort of in more larger regional or in some cases, depending on the country, look at national labor markets and what is their pattern of participation there? Thank you very much. I can now accept two more final questions and they have to be very, very brief, yes please. Thank you very much, Marty Chen. It's a panel dear to my heart because I work on the poor. I grew up near Palampur and I believe in labor market interventions but Santiago, I want to take up something we've discussed in the past which is I think we have policy schizophrenia. This is Robby's term regarding the informal economy. So there may be policies that incentivize firms to be informal or small but there are also policies that make it very difficult for them to become productive and that penalize them, criminalize them. So I think we have to look at the whole spectrum of the policies and that's my answer to your question about systemic understanding. Thank you. Chico will have the last word. Thank you. Chico Ferreira from the World Bank. Thank you for three excellent presentations. A very quick, narrow question for Martin and a quick, broad question for Santiago. For Martin, I really like this kind of Rawlsian floor and then an upper and a lower bound for the counting approach. Is there any way you can help us get rid of what I've begun to think of as the tyranny of the PPPs? The purchasing power parity exchange rates which I used in this lower bound that you would still I guess under your proposal use. You know, as you know better than me but I've begun to learn recently are every time they get re-estimated they change dramatically and they use ring countries one time and then they use a core set of prices the other one year they survey rural areas the other they don't and so it's a mess. Yes, I'll be very quick. So, you know, is there a way we can get rid of the tyranny of the PPPs in some way? And for Santiago, in this conference, you know, we've had occasion I feel there's a bit of cognitive dissonance between across the regions. So we hear Justin Lin and others talking about flying geese and industrial policies and other sort of things and I always find myself sitting near a Latin American and kind of shake our heads in disbelief at this. Are we the last converts of the Washington Consensus? You know, why are we so skeptical of these things? What do you think of the role of the state to increase productivity? Thanks. Great, thanks, Chico. I don't see any way of, unless you go to strongly relative poverty measures, which I definitely don't think we should do, the kind of measures that are used in Western Europe, half of the mean or half of the median, unless you go that route, you will need to make price level comparisons across countries so there's no way of avoiding it. But there are way better, one of the fundamental problems with the PPPs is that they've never been designed for the purpose of poverty measurement. They were designed for national accounting purposes and I've been complaining about this for 30 years and it still hasn't changed. The big thing that has to change, in my view, is that the ICP, National Comparison Program, has to make its price data public. It has to be the micro price data, not just the basic heading price data. Once those data are in the public domain, we'll start to see a flourishing and I think initially an instability but a final stability on something that's more appropriate for poverty measurement. So, very quickly. Yeah, absolutely, Marty. I mean, you have to look at both sides and I always think about, there's a very large tax on formality and then there's kind of a subsidy in formality and surely, I fully agree with you, many of these firms are taxed or extortion. There are many, many barriers for these firms to go from the informal to, and that's part of the incentive structure that they're facing and that's part of the outcome. So, both sides, I don't really see much paranoia. I think they both add in the same direction so in agreement with you on that. Chico's question is extremely, extremely difficult, extremely, as I was listening again yesterday, not yesterday, before yesterday, to Justin Lin. So, let me make a broad statement. If you think about historically the nature of the Latin American states and the nature of the Asian states, this is a major generalization but I think the key difference is perhaps the Asian states had a central growth mandate and the Latin American states had a central redistributive mandate and in a way, it generates very different structures of the state, very different mechanisms of intervention and very different views as to what is priority and what is not priority. What I think broadly Asia has been able to do is to really focus the instruments of state intervention on growth and in Latin America, relatively, we have focused a lot the instruments of state intervention on redistribution and we have yet to find the mechanism to make that compatible with growth. So, I'm not either for market state, I'm sort of agnostic, pragmatic on all that, it's more like how to... Well, we've essentially completed, I think, an extremely full session and I now want to thank the panelists for, I think, extremely interesting presentations and I also would like to thank the participants, the audience and the patients and it probably is the last big conference that I will ever attend, so I will keep very good memories of this event for future references. So, let me now turn the mic to Fentarp, who I understand has some final words for us. We should still applause. Dear friends and dear colleagues, we have once again gotten off to a good start to the day. Please excuse me for taking the floor now, but this is actually the last plenary session of the wider 30th anniversary, so this is the only possibility I have to address you as conference participants. Martin, Peter and Santiago, you exemplify in the finest way possible the nexus between research and policy that we wanted to bring out in this conference. Moreover, I would like to take the opportunity to thank you, the chair, dear friend and mentor, Erik Thorbeder. You have been an inspiration for many, many years. Erik, you also took a lead in thanking the wider staff. Now, many of them were not here when you expressed your thanks. I therefore asked whether they could join us now because I would like to convey to you that it's not possible to bring 600 plus people from 75 countries together for three days in Helsinki without a very dedicated staff to plan, organize and implement such an event. And the wider staff, I don't know, could I ask you to stand up? The last 12 months have been tough. You've been fantastic. Now, let me also thank you, the wider global network, for coming to Helsinki on this occasion. Chairs, presenters, respondents, each and every one of you have contributed to a wonderful celebration of development economics and wider's first 30 years. A special thanks to those of you who took the time to interact with our younger colleagues. We must not, not even when celebrating three decades of accomplishment, lose sight of the fact that the development job is very far from done and our younger colleagues are the future of the development economics profession. They deserve all of the attention of those of us who have lost a bit of hair. I do as well on this special occasion wish to express a particular word of thanks to Professor Ernest Aiiti, chair of the wider board and vice chancellor of the University of Ghana. Ernest, you've been a constant source of inspiration to the wider senior management, always providing admirable judgment and kind, quiet advice. For this, thank you so much. My sincere thanks also goes to Ernest's excellent colleagues on the wider board, Professor Ravi Kanbua, Dr. Kristina Kuvaya and Dr. Su Ling, who are here with us today and to Professors Elizabeth Satterley and Anne Case who could not join us in this occasion due to their teaching obligations working with the young and new generation. I'm very grateful that you have all of that experience and that you have been willing to share that with Tony and I. Now, to be sure, there's much more to come today, not least the wider annual lecture this afternoon, but we'll be joined by yet more guests, including Pristin Marte Artisari. Now, he was one of the initiators of wider three decades ago, together with this year's wider annual lecture, Professor Amartya Sen. Now, I'm sure you would want to ask questions this afternoon. Could I ask you to prepare yourselves? Turning to the wider events next year, I can already now say that wider will hold two 2016 development conferences. The first will be organized by a team of younger wider researchers, whom you will see on stage this afternoon. Put more on wider's conferences next year on the new wider website and I began this conference by requesting that you do take a look at the soft version and give us feedback, so we make sure that the new wider website will be a really interactive and great tool. Now, on the wider website, you will also find more on the 2014 wider work program on the triple challenges of transformation, inclusion, and sustainability, addressing three core concerns, Africa, gender, and development finance. Now, I was sitting in this session, we've just been in, thinking about the fact that while we have been sitting here, there are actually 16 countries studies of the labor markets in Latin America that have been going up on the wider website in one of wider's projects. And on the day before the conference, we had a researcher meeting on six countries studies in Africa focused on the interlinkages of the labor market and poverty. And I made the point in my opening remarks that we in the process of launching a social assistance politics and institutional database called SAPI. I was interviewed for my present job at wider a few years ago and one of the people who interviewed me asked me, so is it now going to be all about foreign aid? And yes, we have indeed seen sessions on foreign aid at this conference, but I hope that this conference has demonstrated that at wider, we do keep the wider perspective, the many different perspectives on development in mind and that we do try to bring people together, to bring the network together to address all of these many challenges. And you will on the wider website find all of the information on no less than 15 ongoing projects on a variety of challenges under the headings I've just referred to. Finally, I wish each and every one of you safe travel home, after the dinner reception tonight, of course, and we should tonight be ready to celebrate wider at 30. Thank you, enjoy your coffee.

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The Immaculata University app is one of the latest and innovative additions that Immaculata has made to enhance the student experience. The IU app was introduced to help students navigate and balance academics, extra-curriculars, and find easy access to IU resources. In this tutorial, I will be showing you all of the benefits to having the app and how you can make it personal for your own interests. The IU app can be found on the Apple App Store and on Google Play. Once you download the app, you will use your My IU Login to create your profile, which can be updated at any time. Across the top of the home page, you will see Immaculata University and the temperature. In the upcoming events section, you can manually add events and even your class schedule once you register for classes. I will be showing you how to add an event to your agenda in a few minutes. Some of the other features on this page are notifications. If an event changes time and or location, that information can be found here. In the top right corner, you will see the icon for a QR scanner. This is going to be extremely important for you will see QR codes at most campus events. This is how you track attendance. In the top left corner of the home page, you will see three lines. Simply click on those to access a few other important features, including groups, the campus map, and calendars. To simply highlight a few popular aspects of the app on this tab, let's take a look at the groups feature. Here, you will find out about all of the clubs and organizations that we offer on campus. Once you join a group, it will populate here in the My Groups tab. Once you join the group, you will be able to see the events that the group is hosting. If you want to see what clubs and organizations Immaculata has to offer, simply click Discover and select a club to learn more. As you are becoming acclimated to campus, you are going to want to know where everything is. Back on the home page, you can also find our campus map. From here, you can toggle on the satellite view for a full layout of Immaculata's campus. By simply clicking on one of the blue bubbles, you will be able to see the name of the building, events being held there, and even walking directions. Back on the home page, you will also find your calendars. By clicking on all calendars, you will see that many departments on campus have a number of events taking place. Stay up to date on everything happening on campus under the All Calendars tab. If you always want to know what is happening on campus by the Student Life Office, you can click on the Activities calendar. You have the option to add individual events to your calendar, or you can subscribe to the entire calendar. By subscribing to the calendar, your upcoming events and agenda will be automatically updated with these events. At the bottom of the home page, you will see Community, Search, Agenda, and Resources. The Community section is used as a discussion board that is separated into categories. The one you see here is the Student Feed, which is essentially equivalent to a massive group chat with everyone on the app. The Student Feed is specifically used to get information out to bigger populations across campus, promote events, and provide university updates. In order to get these notifications, please make sure the IU app notifications in your settings are turned on. Please keep in mind that administration and students have access to the app, so be mindful of what you were posting. Another frequently used campus discussion is the Buy and Sell channel. As you will see here, students take advantage of selling used textbooks. Students have the autonomy to do this at their leisure. It is mostly used at the beginning and end of the semester. Lost and Found has also been used by our students to report something that has been found on campus. As you can see here, students post pictures and say who to contact. The housing discussion is used by both students and our residents' life staff to communicate out to residential students. You can also choose to message groups you have joined, events that you plan on attending, and guides. Guides are specifically used only for new student orientation. By choosing the search option, you will be able to search the following categories. Events, groups, buildings, resources, people, calendars, and guides. Now let's take a look at the resources section. Here you can find information about just about anything on campus. This section ranges from access to Moodle to Forms to important notice information. To highlight a few sections, you will see the student forms, COVID-19 updates, student counseling services, Title IX resources, and student life forms. We highly recommend that you take the time to explore everything the IU app has to offer. It will have a huge impact as you navigate your college experience. Thank you so much for watching. We can't wait to see you on campus.

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Ime Archibong (Meta): Product Experimentation | Slush 2021

Today it’s easy to forget that just over a decade ago, Facebook was a young startup. One of the tenets that has sustained the company -- now called Meta -- is its rigorous approach to continuous product experimentation, especially now with its vision for the metaverse. Ime Archibong, who’s been at Meta for over a decade and heads New Product Experimentation, will discuss the value of experimentation, and demystify how real breakthroughs happen (spoiler alert: more is more). What’s more, he will recount stories -- both the successes and failures -- from Meta’s past, the experimentation unit he leads, and he’ll explain why Meta is attending a startup event.

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Hello slush Wow a grand total of two people responded, so I'm gonna try that all over again. It's day two. It's day two. Yo, they're over it. Hello slush Spontaneous such an awesome audience you made isn't it nice to be traveling again anywhere at all. It is it's a journey I came from Oakland, California A good 10-plus hour flight This is my first trip since the pandemic. Oh wow and First trip as a working parent now. I had a kid five months ago, so congratulations Yeah, so there's a lot going on right now, but it's good It's good to be back in person and you picked a nice warm place to start the best I have appropriate clothes on as you can see as anyone who's seen me over the course of the last day or two I haven't quite been dressed for this weather, but I did warn you listen I'm really excited to be speaking to him on stage. He's the head of new product experimentation Are the company formerly known as Facebook? Yes now now meta meta So what is new product experimentation at meta and how does that fit into the metaverse daddy? Yeah, it's a it's a quite literal name. I mean at the end of the day We are an organization that is trying to build new products for meta That arguably can either fold into our our product portfolio as a standalone entity standalone experience or as a feature into one of our main apps or one of our main products right now either the main family of apps that Everyone knows Facebook Instagram Messenger WhatsApp or reality labs, which is their VR experience In terms of how does it fit into meta? Right on the metaverse? Sorry the metaverse Everyone has a definition for the metaverse, right? I like the Icelandic definition of the meta You almost look up the parody that the Icelandic tourism body did I thought that that was Genius hilarious and and wonderful. Um, yeah, I mean I think about the metaverse as a natural extension of technology You know and it's its its ability to essentially augment human capacity So like the way I think about it is I just took a trip and I flew out here I rewound 20 20 years ago to college age In the 90s when we were making the shift towards the internet and the 2000 we were making the shift towards the mobile internet I got on a flight to go travel with a physical map a Big old camera right to capture my experiences Anyone remember the lonely planet books? Oh, yes I have like a shelf guide to everywhere guide to everywhere So I had all of these things that I would put into a backpack on a plane make my trip make my travel Nowadays I got on this flight and because of the mobile internet because of the internet in general It's all in my mobile phone right all of those different things that we just talked about experiences in my mobile phone So when I think about Technology's natural progression over the course of this next a decade or two decades There's a bunch of things that I'm tracking when it comes to the metaverse There's so much hardware that needs to be built right there's a bunch of network Infrastructure that needs to be rolled out that needs to be built There's industry standards and interoperability. We talked about that a little bit as a company too That the importance of that actually happening, but then on top of all of those things There's there's virtual platforms, but then there's there's experiences. There's products There's assets and new product experimentation. We're building a lot of those things for it I don't know if anybody caught Benedict Evans Presentation yesterday. He talked a lot about how yes, there's a vision for what we're building towards for the next 10 plus years And that's metaverse. That's NFTs. That's web 3 kind of all the language that people are using right now There's also a lot of innovation that's going to happen this decade, you know Mobile device mobile internet still has a lot of invitation So we're experimenting with stuff this decade Clearly a lot of the natural experiences that we build right now We're going to find their way and bridge the way to the metaverse when that starts to roll out as an industry This is kind of a weird place to find the meta or Facebook because you're not a startup you were a startup a Billion years ago. Oh man, but now when When you're 3.1 billion users, whatever you are not a startup But your department your organization kind of works in a way that a smaller startup might operate Something that people in this audience are familiar with. Yeah, super similar. I mean we a little bit about my background So before I was running this organization for the company I ran an organization called product new our product partnerships Which means that I've got to fly around the world sit down with a bunch of smart Entrepreneurs kind of the next generation of entrepreneurs and figure out how to work with them from a meta from a Facebook capacity at the time Now this team that I have we do exactly the same thing that a lot of people out here doing we have small teams You can think three to five person teams And I have a thesis of how they think the world is going to work and my job is to be an architect more So than anything else of the structure of the organization to give them a space where they can see those ideas come to life at a company like meta So you have three to five person teams based in places like Nigeria who are trying to you know You know notice that the the education system there Has its opportunities and its challenges and needs that are unique to Nigerians How can we take the power the smarts of the resources of a place like Facebook? integrate into the community build with the community and try to find some non-obvious technology solutions and The the the the beautiful thing like many folks on it We've had some conversations over the course of the last two days about how Most startup ideas the first idea you go out with is not going to be the thing that actually scales and that right rose Right, so we've created this space at meta where these teams can fail They can fail fast as one of my product leaders tries to remind us all the time. It's not about winning and failing It's about winning and learning so you learn pretty rapidly you learn pretty quickly you put ideas out there Put them in people's hands They don't work they don't resonate shut them down kind of pivot on to the next thing And that's the environment that we've created. So that's fascinating in me that you're saying if it fails shut it down Keep going and I've seen also that you said in the past that you expect many failures as part of this process Yeah, explain that. Yeah, I mean there is I think there's a bunch of myths that exist out there This audience again now how you spent all day yesterday here And I think that this it's well tuned people know that this myth is not It's one that's worth being busted Which is the first thing you put out there is probably not going to be the thing that works, right? Finding lightning in a bottle happens to a couple entrepreneurs Maybe you know every every so a couple years and that's wonderful But the average experience is one of a lot of pivots a lot of attempts a lot of tries and a lot of failures there's a So it's I call the execution myth which is first idea you put out there is not going to be the thing that works And in fact the people who end up being successful are the people that are able to do the iterative lots of shots on goal Right it out there, you know, it's ultimately somewhat of a portfolio play Which is it's not a function about whether you're right every single time you put a product out there But when you're right, how right are you and that plays out over years for most entrepreneur opportunities and same thing for the For the team that experimenting here at Meadow Somebody listening to you might think the way this works is one person has a eureka moment like oh I think I've discovered something major but in your experience it works slightly different from that incredibly different I mean I call that the the leadership myth right and if anything, you know People see the title that I have and like oh this person's gonna, you know Be able to wave a magic wand and tell us what are the next yeah What are the next five things that are gonna happen into the future give me the big things? That's just not the role that I need to play like the role that I have to play is one that is hopefully way more humble Is more of like a gardener or like an editor, right? Which is I'm creating the fertile ground in the space for entrepreneurs smart Entrepreneurially thinking teams to build their ideas and to plant their seeds at a company like meta And hopefully they will absolutely grow and be you know oak trees one day But nonetheless, it's not me disappearing to some mountain Meditating coming down from the mountain saying hey here's what we need to go build and what we need to go do It's more of a how can I empower that person who has a great idea get out of their way get them the resources? They need to build something awesome give them the psychological safety to fail multiple times at a place that clearly has a pretty High bar for what success looks like right and see what happens over time So you're saying ideas don't come to you when you are meditating The next big Facebook product. I have figured it all out Okay I think I think Larry backstage is saying that he's gonna do a drinking game every time he could mention meta or do Meta for or meta something. He was gonna have people drink it. So yeah, I know you're absolutely right. There is there's no There's no assumption that I have all the answers To what should be built and what needs to be built in fact, it's the opposite Which is I feel like the key part of my role, especially for a company like meta is to be a great listener I mean a big reason why I spent all day here yesterday Meeting with some of the startups and entrepreneurs is just to bounce around ideas. See what people are building right now Offer some perspective on what we're building right now what we're excited about and that energy in real life Right, which has been missing for so long for the last year and a half for so many of us Has felt wonderful, right? That's that's where the real sparks happen in the time since you've been leading new product Experimentation at meta. What do you think is the biggest success of this process of this journey? Yeah, I mean I go back to falling in love with this process of learning So when I think about it, so I've been running the organization now for about two years or so, right? And when I think about about the dozens and dozens of experiments that we've launched and we've done You know, there's nothing that stands out. It's like, hey, I need to go tell your mom about this like right now Right get her to download it get her to buy this right now and run it because it's the future But we've learned a bunch of lessons along the way with every single one of our experiments and these things take time to play out In 2019 pre-pandemic we had, you know, a fairly young entrepreneur That said hey me and all my friends and my generation are wearing earbuds right now And there need to be more social, you know, audio first experiences. Let's try a bunch of different things We tried, you know Seven eight different ideas that we put out there in people's hands didn't find product market fit for a number of them But again as the pandemic hit and you saw everyone shifting to okay These audio first experiences are actually going to be valuable for the time that we're spending as that's human beings and then meta as a company Wanted to make a play in order to do some things We were able to share a lot of those learnings and accelerate and catalyze what the company was doing when it came to Experiences like that. We've had teams that are working on things like wearables And playing around with things like wearables and as a result like, you know As we as a company are thinking more and more about what the meta versus gonna look like and what are the hardware devices that need to exist out There whether it's AR glasses We can talk about VR But you know being able to take those teams the learnings the experiments that they've done and be able to catalyze what we're Doing more broadly at that meta is exactly what I think about a success for us and exciting for us So because I asked what the successes are I'm gonna flip the question around and you said you can't tell us What are the next five things that are going to be a big deal? But do you think there's something that? Maybe was a spectacular failure in this process or Some that you really better. I'm like, I think this is gonna be great. And then it just ended up just fizzling out Man, it's a it's a it's a great question and It's like trying to call out like like you have kids I have no kids you have no kids It's like what is the worst thing that one of your kids has done It's hard for me to point at one and say this is like a spectacular failure or something that has shocked the system We've learned every single, you know step along the way in fact just yesterday As I was working through my jet lag one of the entrepreneurial teams posted a hey We just ran this experiment for the last five minutes five five weeks. We were all really excited about it We thought it was gonna be something compelling to be honest with you It was something in the space of trying to make a dating as an experience more safe and Enjoyable for people on the internet because there are a whole host of issues that you know We we could we could talk about and the experiment that they ran was something that they were excited about But they were the first ones to say it didn't work Right like and it wasn't a wasted five weeks by the team, right? It was actually an incredible five weeks by the team executing building something interesting together Capturing the learnings learning in a low-cost cheap fast way sharing those learnings more broadly with our team and with the company Is exactly what we want to be doing and you know the more of those the merrier Right at the end of the day when I go back to this notion that the first thing you launch is never going to be the thing That actually takes off and that works I get excited when I see more and more of the teams being like this didn't work this didn't work This didn't work because that means that we're on to hopefully getting closer and closer to the thing that will work I think that's a point that a lot of people in the audience here will relate with because this is slush Lots of people are building companies and trying to find the right product and sometimes not quite the first thing They had in mind that eventually has traction. What do you think based on your? Experience leading new product experimentation at a large company What are some of the insights that people here who are early-stage companies can take from that while they're doing their own kind of iterating and Figuring out. What is it that my company does really and what will I succeed it or what will I fail it? Yeah? It's a great question. I mean like pull on that last point a little bit more You know the iterative approach towards experimentation is the thing that I believe leads to and begets innovation So you have to be and build the muscle for as an organization to just rapidly experiment and to put things out there and to get Pretty comfortable with that There's a great I think might be a New York Times article or piece called the creative myth right or the creativity myth And they talk a little bit about Bach who you know, I'm not I Don't love Classical classical music. I'm not a huge one I love the example that they use there, which is you know box pieces were considered genius Wonderful for a number of different reasons what a lot of people didn't see was like the work that went into that Like yes, he had hit after hit after hit after hit But because he had failure after failure after failure after failure after failure after failure and the people that tend to actually Come up with the next thing innovate build tongues that are actually truly creative tend to also be the people that Are failing the most so I think as a startup That is like one thing that I would say is like absorbing that understanding that DNA and making sure that's a piece of what you are And what you do is important the other thing I would offer is I think there's like a culture myth I've got an environment myth that exists out there, too right just notion of if I have the fun Structure our creative space to put my startup in and we don't do office buildings and so on and so forth all The things that people used to poke fun at Silicon Valley for that that's what's going to beget innovation That's just not true at the end of the day I think there are some cultural things that you can do as an organization and do them really really early Especially as you're a small team as you scale So if you went back to the early early days of Facebook, we ran hackathons. That was like our thing, right? And that's like a cultural pillar of meta that exists now that we're getting close to you know 6070 80,000 employees that existed back when we were 50 employees So I think they are cultural artifacts that you can start to plant an early early stage that scale and will grow with you I think the myth in there though is that the cultural alone will Breed innovation breed creativity and the fact is you have to build some structure in there You know, we are now at the size and skills when organization where an organization like mine needs to exist in order to make sure that I can Incubate protect right give enough time space and resources to ideas that Arguably if you're doing it, right aren't going to make sense to the massive organization to the moment. Yeah, so The combination of culture and like creating these early cultural moments as a startup and then also realizing it as you scale You need to put some structure in place to make sure that they can actually be you know Fruitful is is the other offer this year that I would give to folks air slash You mentioned that you spent the whole day here yesterday listening to people and meeting and all that Why are you here? Why is a Facebook vice president at a startup conference? You came all the way from San Francisco to this. Yeah, I don't understand. Why are you here? I mean the next I mean what slush this describes itself as is the next generation of of entrepreneurs and of builders and As someone who you know spent the majority of my over a decade now at Facebook Proxima and integrated into this type of community. It was really important for me to continue to stay close to this community This is the first trip that I have made since essentially things got locked down in the United States in February of you know 2020 it feels like ten years ten years ago at lifetime ago But that's primary reason which is just to be a part of this community say proximate this community Personally, I have a pretty strong thesis that the next era of innovation is going to be created and built by some of the places that are non-traditional right so the places that have historically been overlooked under estimated you live in in Kenya exactly I'm very very bullish across the African continent just not just East Africa, but also, you know, but Nigerian descent You know West Africa I'm very very bullish on what's happening across Asia right now I'm very very bullish on what's happening across Latin America right now And why is that because we're sitting here in the global north and this might not be relevant to people here But there's people from all over the world. Yeah, that I've met since I've been here Why are you excited about what's happening in Latin America in Asia in Africa? Yeah, I mean a couple people have talked about this with the panels that I've been listening into which is just like the Barriers for building are getting exponentially lower and cheaper You can be anybody with a dismind like a design mindset You don't even need engineering skills these days right to build a new product build a new business build a new experience and not just do it Locally, but do it in a way that actually it could scale universally and kind of a and your idea could get shared with the globe So in that environment as that's happening over the course of this next decade and coming out to the future I just feel like there's going to be new innovative interesting ideas that are happening in corners around the world that I Personally can't see driving up and down the 101 in Silicon Valley every single day That are going to be you know happening in these corners of the world All right I didn't get to the elephant in the room until now the reason why I said the company formerly known as Facebook is Because there's been this rebranding operation partly because we and others in the media have been talking a lot about what Facebook is doing Some people might consider Facebook the evil empire that's harming democracy and all sorts of other things So why should we trust anything you're telling us right now? I? Mean you were thinking it Right look if there's one thing Larry can do he can keep it real You know, I would say a couple things Someone said this yesterday or maybe it's earlier today Which is just like talk is cheap at the end of the day Right, and I have a big proponent that talk is cheap at the end of the day It really is about actions and it's about you know what we end up doing what we've ended putting out there And you're talking to someone if you looked across the portfolio right now things that we're experimenting on you see a reflection of People people that care pretty deeply about the communities that they're building for I talked about you know the work that we're doing in Nigeria We have Nigerians building for Nigerians with Nigerians I have people in the United States right now who are part of the LGBTQ community building for that particular community right now with very close proximity and very close care, so I'm not gonna get up here and try to say hey here all the different reasons why you should believe me and the approach That we're taking right now. I think that as a company We have taken a pretty Large kind of approach to trying to build responsibly and to innovate responsibly There's been a bunch of talks about responsible innovation over the course the last couple of days that I've really enjoyed and a lot has resonated with me Right when we think about the metaverse one of the things I think that we have learned from this last era of innovation to the mobile internet has been to proactively engage with all the different Stakeholders right whether it's civil society, whether it's regulators Whether it's the media Whether you know it's kind of entrepreneurial and ecosystem out there So there's a proactive approach that we're taking we've learned a lot over the course the last ten years And I'm pretty excited about what the future looks like but a big benefit is is getting the right talent getting the right people Oriented and building all the right products. It's fascinating that you say Building responsibly because that's a word is going to use if you understand the responsibility of the products You make are not being used by a couple hundred thousand people often. There are billions of people Parts of the world where for instance, what's up is the internet or Facebook is the entire internet that most people understand So when you make a product when you build a product, it's not a tiny drop in the ocean It is some people's entire universe Is that something that plays with the back of your mind when you think through what we're gonna ship? Yeah, and what we're gonna kill Yeah, 100% it's an it's an incredible awesome Unprecedented responsibility that I think that everyone over the course of my you know now almost 11 or over 11 years at meta feels Incredibly, you know it closely personally It's on and so forth. So yeah, it's it's something that we think about especially when we are Experimenting quote-unquote and that's where I go back to a big approach that we're taking a big thesis that I have is that We're taking a bet on people and their proximity to the communities that we're actually building for and the audiences that we're building for because I think You know ultimately if you have someone who is a part of the community Let's let's go back again to the continent that you know, we're both You know connected to if I have Nigerians from Nigeria Building for Nigerians in Nigeria based in Nigeria I can rest assure that they are going to take a thoughtful Responsible approach to making sure that they are building with that community in the way that brings a lot of empathy and Understanding and understands the nuance the dynamics that exist there that arguably even I couldn't pick up on nor understand Sitting in Oakland, California or Menlo Park, California or Silicon Valley more large So there's a big piece of just getting I use proximity as a language a lot Proximity to these communities that we're building for and make sure that we're doing right by them Okay This is something that I want to ask you which is kind of a personal reflection because you are who you are you? lead a Division of Facebook, but also you're one of the few probably one of the highest ranking black executives in all of Silicon Valley and After the kind of summer we had last year, obviously your role has become much more important as a representative of the culture But as a representative of people of color in these Very important places that build products that a lot of people around the world use and how do you wrestle with that? How do you? Think about that when you go into work every day. Yeah Again, you know talk about the the secondary responsibility I think that we we probably put on ourselves as the the lonely onlys sometimes the organizations that we represent and the companies that we end Up building for I think about it every single day and I've been thinking about every single day for 11 years now This company is what role do I have to play as one of the lonely folks black? Executives at this company and ensuring that the products that we're building touch the community that I care about And I've been a very responsible way a couple different ways it ends up playing out You know last year you talked about you know 2020 in the wake of 2020 we as a company Publicly stated hey, we're gonna take a look at our products and make sure that the products that we're building have a lens of equity Clearly in the United States a lot of that lens was around racial equity and ensuring that you know the products We're showing up for the communities and in powerful ways Mark publicly talked about me as an executive Leading some of those efforts for the company and some of the organization and that was an easy decision, right? It wasn't something that it was like oh You you like a guy. Yeah. Yeah, you do it. No It was a natural extension of what I was already doing I go back to it The the if you were look at the the team that I that I have been able to assemble and new product experimentation You're gonna see one of the my most diverse teams across meta and that is both important and strategic And it made it very very easy for us to say oh If we need to make some public commitments about doing and committing and resources it to working on equity We're already doing it right look at this team over here Who has been tackling the problem of reentry from the criminal justice system which? Disproportionately punishes people of color in the United States We're trying to use our technology and tools to try to figure out how we can help those folks and those citizens Reenter back into into until a healthy environment. Oh look at the LGBTQ community who historically hasn't had resources for Evolving their families and growing their families got a team here working on that exact issue right now and trying to Figure out how we can bring our smarts our technology and our resources doing that right now So there was a bunch of stuff and work that we were already doing on equity that made it a natural thing for me To actually proactively say hey This is what I want to do the second half of that is is you know I call us the emergent majority right at the end of the day when you look around the world when you look at The billions and billions of people that we have the opportunity to touch every single day a lot of them look like me Right right now the builders of our technology. It's not just the meta thing This is an industry-wide thing don't necessarily look like the people who are using our products and our tools and technology And we need a course correct on that it is the reason why you know I've been pretty aggressive about making sure that we have a presence on the continent which oh by the way is getting Connectivity at an incredible rate I'm pretty excited about what's going to happen across that continent over the course of the next decade and as a result the Tools to build right people locally building solutions Unlocking opportunities fear they're not for their needs are addressing their problems in a way that I think will be way more sustainable Right will be better solutions because of their proximity to the communities that actually exist out there and the facilitator of that being a Facilitator of that is something that I that I've personally felt is been an important role that I play at a company like meta and more broadly in the Industry making sure that it's well known that we need to do this all right So we have only 30 seconds left and you might have already talked about this in some of the responses What is your takeaway for founders here who are iterating and doing new product experimentation? What is the thing or the things you have learned leading this organization over the last two years? Yeah We talked about a couple of them. Yeah, there's the there's the environment myth, right? It's not just about creating the right structures actually see creativity happen You have to put some seeds of the culture in there and then you have to put some structure around it It's a process around it. I think that there's the leadership myth Which is if anyone is is a founder is is leading an organization a small organization or a middle-sized organization right now You're not gonna have all the answers right regardless of how genius or how smart you are You're not gonna have the other answers The best you can do is to be a gardener to create the environment to create the experiences for other Entrepreneurial talent to come and bring their ideas to table and have those grow and then last but not least Execution execution execution like the first idea you put out there is not gonna be the one that works be committed and fall in love with the process of Winning and learning not winning and failing but winning and learning and learning a lot fantastic image on thank you So much a big round of applause for this gentleman, please and thank you for being a fabulous audience

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Janez Potocnik | Circular Economy and Policy

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Vsega lahko se konstrati o novelje, naredno se je nakonjena v začne od vsem. Priježaj ne obražajo ni obražene kosti na vsem. Vseh propovršnje vsega kastovje, kaj je način, zato vsega. Vsega vsem, da smo vsega vsega naša uva vsega, očin se počeli. Vsega vsega, kaj je vsega, vsega vsega, s rožanjem in vsečenjem, je zelo jazem odmah, taj našli pošlaj, kaj je vsečenja bila lepo in vsečenja, da bila mnog morek postnjeni. V Japani je to vsečenje. V Japani, v tudi 2000, pokazali najbolji legislativ. Zdaj, 98% zelo težko se zelo vrčo zelo. V Dnermanju, v zelo najbolj nečeči se zelo vsega zelo vsega. V Čina, da je svečen, vsega svečen plan je zelo vsega, nečeči se zelo vsega zelo. Zelo je zelo vsega, da je vsega zelo vsega zelo vsega, zato si je tudi odvršen, da smo pripravili prvno in v nekrati, markovali in prikrati, prikrati, vzgodnih, prikrati, prikrati, prikrati, prikrati. Vse nekaj, nekaj, vzgodnih, prikrati, vzgodnih, in jih pozdravimo bilo naprav. כלiko, če izprenju namazdem, ki je izvečne, da so prizve, da imamo imaj a rečci, da se na dražu naprav. bodo tamo izvečna v srklu, poločnutaj, bo to je zelo ilične, mislilično 👑 tudi, da je boj bojo počugati, pošlič Joni njih. Zlčite先 na zvonju europejskihhehe, poči mali se napårati, kaj je boš posledaj robotnji vsaj liste rečen, … na zelo rrtine produktama, tako poči ne. na našeljne ljudje, zazvo tkaj, dopolisovovaj, nekaj zelo. I zelo, že je to vseča in v zelo vnečenje celih zelo v zelo, ljudje poček je izgleda da je vseča izgleda, kao je vseča zelo tako ekonomijno aktivitve, kaj je poživaj, skupaj, ta je vseča. Je to ne zelo, da sega prvnojega sektorje in svetično, je je ovo vse je zelo čežel. Je to vse več čas, da bo nekaj nekaj, da zelo se zašljeni, ki se pripojavali, da je zač paino od njega noga nekaj se občajnja. V nekaj nekaj kaj se nekaj, da se vse je nekaj nekaj nekaj, da je zač paino. Jedno delavno izgovorje, zelo se je zač neuto in nekaj, investimence, kaj je zelo vsega in zelo vsega in seneracija. Čudovatim, smo nekaj kraj, v Evropiji unijani, kaj je praktačno nekaj način, nekaj nekaj način, kaj je energi, rekaveri z vsega in seneracija. V svoj kraj, čudovatim, je vsega vsega vsega in seneracija. To je učne tudi, da jel ide o dražanjem, v svojega Čenosti, ne je negao možno tudi, ker igrešno platnji je tudi, da se boš zeloweighti, da ne mali, au začeli svači, tudi vložujem v svojo infrastruktur, prizvomno, vložujem vložim vnošnje modor, vložem vložim varn 고bolj. do jelj, način u vsem, ne se predstavimo, bilo pričo izgledanja. Vse zelo je veliko zelo srečno, neč tačno potročno vse zelo, je to je vsezivno, vsezivno, skupaj, da je vsezivno, vsezivno, ali ne zelo vsezivno, zelo vsezivno, zelo vsezivno, zelo vsezivno, vsezivno, je zelo vsezivno. Kako jaz nisi, jaz jaz postavim vsezivno inhlej, ...jah je vsečen, nečo inovativno potenčov, ...ve je to, da je bolj dobro ledi, in dobro je dobro. Suna je to, da se češel, da je vsečen na marketu. In, češel, ki je vsečen na marketu, je to vsečen. …sakaj je vsečen način.

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Saylor.org ME202: Kenneth Manning's "Mechanics Reinforced Concrete Beams"

This video is a lecture used in ME202 as part of our Mechanical Engineering area of study on http://www.saylor.org Terms of Use: The linked material above has been reposted by the kind permission of Kenneth S. Manning, PhD, Professor of Engineering at SUNY Adirondack and can be viewed in its original form at http://www1.sunyacc.edu/cgi-bin/ITunesU-student.pl. Please note that this material is under copyright and cannot be reproduced in any capacity without explicit permission from the copyright holder. The class sessions will be retaped in the Spring of 2012 with better focus and additional camera angles.

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And the questions, remember what we were doing yesterday? I actually did a report, I posted it but I forgot to go check it later on. You know what, we're sort of like the end value is the elasticity of the elasticity. How do you know which material to put on the top versus the bottom versus the bottom of the progression? It doesn't matter which you put on the top or the bottom, as long as you apply, as you apply that in the right direction. The deal was, and it's true, no matter what the shape, the deal was we have two different materials and our regular method for solving for the stresses does not apply for two different materials. We set all that up assuming that the cross sections were prismatic and isotropic. In other words, all one material. I don't remember if I actually stated that, it's just all we had. I did state that about the prismatic nature of the beams, the symmetry about the y-axis. But I don't think I stated specifically that it's all one material because we didn't have anything else but all one material. So now that we're talking about the possibility of a second material, that means in one of them's a tougher material, if you will, one of them's a softer material. And it doesn't matter really which is which, as long as you understand that if we're going to take, let's say this is the tougher one, the one with the higher modulus, the stronger modulus, this one with the weaker modulus, for example, steel and wood. They look very, very different in terms of their elastic moduli. You can transform that in either way, and it doesn't matter what n is. It doesn't matter whether n is greater than one or less than one, as long as you do it properly in the right way. And you might do better with a picture and then you just know what to do with n. You can transform it either by taking out this stronger material and you're going to have to put in a lot more of the weaker material so that they can do the same thing. So you would then leave the lower material the same because we're not replacing that. We're going to take out that with a much weaker material so we're going to need a whole bunch more of it. So clearly you need to increase the dimension there be by some factor. And the only factor we have is n, so here n must be greater than one or it's not going to work in any way. You could also transform the beam by taking out the weaker material, putting in the much stronger, but since it's much stronger we don't need very much of it. So in that case we'd leave the original, stronger material the same and replace it with very little of the weaker material. Sorry, very little of the stronger material to replace that because we don't need as much of it. And so here now if this same dimension there is b, this is now got to be either b over n if n is greater than one or if you had n flip then that would be n beat as well. So it doesn't matter as long as what you do with it results in the same replacement. And we're only changing the width, are we not changing the length? No. And that's the nature of our prismatic beams, the symmetry about the y-axis but not the symmetry about the other axes. It might be symmetric about the other axes, but there's no need for it to be here. Alright, so we're going to take up with that, continue that in a very specific application, one you've all heard of and that's the use of reinforced concrete. Now the basic setup here is given any kind of prismatic beam and the easiest one to draw of course is just the rectangular one like that so we'll use that. So there's a rectangular beam drawn with the techniques we get from technical freehand sketching so it's got that beautiful perspective to it. So it's, you know, I know you guys won't go to a movie now but it's not a 3D movie so I'm making classes 3D so that it leaps out of the page anyway. But let's view it in terms of our standard type of bending where we have bending in the z direction only. Remember that's a right hand rule application. And we'll look at it in terms of our typical type of bending expected for a load bearing beam which is where reinforced concrete is used. So that's the type of bending that would be what we call positive bending whether it's actually by applied moments there or whether there's load across this beam that causes it to bend like that, it doesn't matter it's the same thing either way for our purposes because our concern here is that once we look at the stresses on this now kind of blowing it up in much larger cross-section or much larger side view we know that somewhere there's a neutral axis that depends upon the cross-sectional shape there in this case it happens to be right down the center so that's convenient but it doesn't need to be and across the top we have tension and across the top we have compression across the bottom we have tension so that's nothing new there that's just a review from when we started looking at this design of prismatic beams the trouble comes with concrete well the reason concrete is very useful to use as a building material is you can make it on site you can transport it in those big cement trucks and then when you get to the site pour it into the girder shape you don't have to carry it in the girder shapes down the highways trying to make those sharp bends through New York City and the like with these huge long beams on the trucks that's not true with steel it has to be done it has to be fabricated elsewhere then transported to the site as is also concrete's not terribly expensive for the most part it's made out of crushed sand and stone and limestone and other things like that so it's also steel that stuff we dig out of the earth as well there's a whole other very energy intensive step in steel fabrication that's not there with concrete it's also true that concrete can be poured into shapes that might be aesthetically pleasing as well if we have the bottom of these beams exposed if they were here we can make interesting shapes out of them that might be more pleasing so maybe we make the beam like that just so as we see the room as users there's a softer edge to it all kinds of options like that are possible with concrete that aren't as easily done with steel so that's why concrete can be a very attractive beam material however, as I've mentioned before concrete's terrible intention it's very good in compression so it's excellent up here it's terrible down here where there's tension so what we do with these type of beams is the top being in compression is very good so we leave that as concrete and then as we pour these beams of concrete we insert at the bottom where all the tension is some steel reinforcing bars what you know as rebar and you've seen those those are those big long bars actually if you ever see a building that's been torn down or if you look at any of those pictures from Tokyo this last week of the buildings that collapsed you'll see these spaghetti-like strands all over the place that's rebar that has blown out of the concrete girders that they were in then got all tangled as everything collapsed so we let the rebar take all of the tension that's down here because steel is very good in tension there's still tension in this concrete but most of the tension is absorbed by the rebar so we need to then model that in terms of our composite beam technique that we started with yesterday because once again to figure out what the stresses are we need an isotropic cross-section a single material cross-section and we don't have that anymore now with the rebar in there so we're going to do the same type of thing we did yesterday by transforming that cross-section into a slightly different shape we'll leave the... I don't want to come down to this neutral axis because it might not be that same place as we'll see if you remember when we transformed the cross-sections yesterday we had a new neutral axis because we had a new cross-sectional shape so we'll leave concrete up here because that's so good in compression and that's where the compression is and down here we'll replace this rebar that's so strong in tension with a whole bunch of concrete like we were doing yesterday we took out the tough material put in a whole bunch of the weaker material to compensate for it and remember this is just our modeling that we're doing this we don't actually do this so we're going to put in a whole bunch of concrete right there where the rebar was and in fact the area will be if we have that much area of the steel rebar and that's just the cross-sectional area the little rebars if you cut through them and expose that area that's the amount of area of the steel that's holding that steel holding that tension and then we'll put in an equivalent area of concrete but end times more of it because we need so much more of the concrete to take the same tension as just this little bit of rebar was taking and this is our artificial beam then for our design purposes just for our analysis purposes the rest of the concrete all that concrete we completely take out of the model it's so weak in tension that we don't even count it as contributing anything to the strength of the beam even this little bit up here where it's just a tiny bit in tension we take it completely out to and just say the whole thing is the whole thing is as if it wasn't even there because concrete is so bad in tension we just take it down to the neutral axis notice that the neutral axis of the rectangular section is right here but the neutral axis doesn't account in any way for the fact that we have different materials once we put in different materials for all kinds of purposes shifts the neutral axis so we have a new neutral axis a new place of zero the transition from compression above to tension below because we have dissimilar materials so the neutral axis geometrically was here but remember we only figure that location of the neutral axis based on areas not on what the materials themselves are so when we do put in this different material it does shift the neutral axis so I guess our tension model would be something like this then our stress model would be something like this this is for isotropic beam we put in the rebar that shifts the stress profile shifts the neutral axis to a place where we don't know where it is now we have to figure out what that is but we completely replace the steel with a whole bunch of concrete and then completely eliminate the rest of the concrete just assuming that it'll be in tension and it'll fail and we won't even count it it's a factor of safety measure if you will who needs that hand up? do we do what the NAS is the width and then the height of it is the same as the diameter? the width we don't care about we're just taking into account the total area the area of the rebar is replaced by n times that area of concrete at the same level we're not concerned with what that thickness is that's I guess more detail than we want to go into as we do it but we do need to locate this new neutral axis so I'll call that distance x and the easiest way to do this now is to simply sum up y bar a for anything above the neutral axis and it must equal the y bar a for anything below the neutral axis that's actually what we were doing with our other calculations when we're using that table it just we didn't do it like that but the geometry, the algebra is all exactly the same so we'll walk through it with an example then so here's a concrete beam 5.5 inches, 4 inches down we put rebar that is excuse me that is 6 inches on center 4 inches down and that's not where I'm putting my dimension figures the rebar is 4 inches down from the top so there's another inch and a half of concrete below that 6 inch on center with this rebar and the rebar is 5 eighths in diameter picture you're okay, everybody see what we've got there 5.5 inches tall 4 inches down from the top we placed some rebar that's 6 inches on center so our cross section we can actually save ourselves a little bit of trouble here we don't need to do the entire width of the beam since it just repeats as it goes along for example an entire floor you don't have to cast it as just a single beam and then lay floor on top of that you can do rebar reinforced concrete entire floors so what we'll do is take just a section midway between two rebar and then just do that much of the model so all we really need to look at since it repeats, actually let me draw more to scale we'll take a piece that's 12 inches across the top because that's the distance between adjacent rebar to the other but still includes at least two pieces of the rebar within so now we have 3 inches in from the side we have rebar 6 inches to the next rebar and then another 3 inches there that way we don't have to do the entire width of the thing we can use it it's sort of like a unit cell then this analysis doesn't need to be changed for however why we want to do it because it's all just the same thing repeating itself over and over so we'll just do this one little section and it'll be sufficient to represent as much width of this as we want to do that fair enough picture then so we've got 4 inches down here and then there's another inch and a half below that analyze a subset of the entire beam because it just keeps repeating itself so we'll be fine with that so we apply our magic arrow of transformation where we take out this rebar and replace it with a whole bunch more concrete so we'll leave that as concrete because that's the top where the compression is and we'll replace the rebar with a whole bunch more concrete of area n times the area of the steel that was there let's see put in some numbers for n here what do I have the way we're doing it will keep n as greater than 1 so it gives us a whole bunch more of the concrete so I'll put the steel on top 29 times 10 to the sixth for the steel 0.6 times 10 to the sixth for the concrete so you can see the concrete is an awful lot lower in the modulus of elasticity what's that 8.06 so we've taken out this little tiny bit of area of the rebar and put in 8 times more of that same area of the concrete to be able to absorb that much so let's see I have that area the area of the that's two bars in my analysis cell times the area of a 5.8 inch diameter so that total area of rebar you know that's just a pi r squared but then times two because I have two of them so the equivalent area of the concrete I don't know if I even have that number on hand here in the little picture no not quite but it's 8.06 times that number that's the area of this replacement concrete okay so far the next thing we need to do of course is find out just how thick that piece is we need to locate that neutral axis because we're assuming that takes all of the compression above and then all of the tension below is in the neutral axis alright so we'll use this this tends to be a little bit simpler I think for these kind of shapes so let's see why bar above we know where the centroid of that is so that's pretty easy to do so that's a distance x over 2 down we'll take the top as the reference y bar above x over 2 that's where the centroid of the upper piece is by above I mean above the neutral axis which we're trying to locate with that value x and it's area it was 12 inches so it's 12 by 6 sorry x 12 by x so that's y bar a above and the summation means just in case we had other shapes here we might have had a T shape here or something in fact we'll do that kind of example in a second we just add them up take the total area total of y bar a product above and that's got to equal the same y bar a below now let's see a is easy that's NAS yes we already got that number where it's located though it's located a distance let's see this is 4 inches down we're 4 inches down to that rebar and so the distance is 4 inches minus x below the x axis oh I'm sorry this we're not really doing this with reference we're referring to things from the neutral axis is that 4 inches so it's 4 inches from the top is where the rebar is you're right to the middle of the rebar so this distance then what do you mean to the middle of the beam because that 4 and the other drawing is from the top from the top down to the rebar that's what I drew here from the top down to the rebar it's in the middle of the rebar however don't worry again about the thickness of that piece we already know what its area is we don't care what its width is or its thickness we care what its area is and that's what we got and so we're essentially assuming it's very very thin so this the distance below the neutral axis is then 4 minus x and so y bar a below the neutral axis y bar is 4 minus x and a is n as alright so that's with reference to this neutral axis we're trying to locate not from the top like I think I said like I know I said alright that's an equation with a single unknown x we know what n is that's the ratio of the moduli we know what a s is that's the original area of the rebar and so we can then determine that x is less than so x equals 1.45 inches that's the distance down from the that's the thickness of this upper part of concrete that's taking all of the compression and that's our new neutral axis and then now we can finish the rest of the calculation to find these stresses the next part we need if we're looking for the maximum stress of the sea the next part we need is that moment of inertia moment of area second moment of area of the transformed cross section that's this piece here of the cross section we'll assume m is given in fact I'll just give it to you in a second when we need it it's just one of those plug-in numbers that we've got alright this is a little bit trickier than well it's not trickier it's actually easier except that the little bit of step we might miss is is an easy one to forget remember we have to do this using the parallel axis theorem for each of the parts of our cross section in this case it's just the concrete above the neutral axis and the replaced steel below the neutral axis I see remember is there a centroidal moment of inertia so that's if you remember for rectangular pieces this is one-twelfth b h cubed where in this case h for the upper part is x so it's one-twelfth b which is our twelve inch width times x cubed and that we have we just found the x plus the parallel axis theorem part which is b times x and then d is the location of the centroid from the neutral axis which is one-half x in this case because x is the width of that upper part and then that's squared because that's a d squared that's for just this upper part b is the width twelve x is the thickness remember we just located the neutral axis by saying however much above and however much below the sums of those area moments so that's just the piece above we need to do the same thing with the part below for its centroidal moment of inertia is and I'm going to put that just as I see for right now I'm not going to do one-twelfth b h cubed because we don't know how wide this is we don't know how thick it is I told you to ignore that we do know its area it's n as and then d squared is the four minus x that we had before and then that's squared so that's a d squared right there four minus x is the d squared there's a d squared right there so that's the contribution below the neutral axis which remember is located distance x from the top above neutral axis below neutral axis alright here comes the thing that actually makes things much easier well not much it's just some easier but it's also easy to forget this moment of inertia of the concrete replacement of the steel we're going to take as so thin we don't even care what its thinness is we're going to take it as so thin that its moment of inertia is zero and we won't even count it we won't even bother calculating it it just makes things a little bit easier since we don't know what its thickness is anyway we don't know what its width is we could I guess pick values but that's as artificial as any we're doing anyway so all these numbers we have b is twelve x is the one point four five n is eight point oh six area is the point six one four we've got all those numbers so we can just plug everything in and calculate those numbers should come out to forty four point four inches to the fourth remember that's the moment of inertia of the transformed cross section and so then now we can the maximum stresses each of the pieces the top is in compression the bottom is in tension so we're doing that in the concrete remember that's what we left there so we just do this straight MCI where c is actually x the distance to the top of the concrete from the neutral axis we're looking at just the concrete in compression above and I'll give you a moment now to just hang all this on forty inches and so we've got all these numbers now forty is the moment c for the upper part of the concrete here in compression for the distance the farthest distance of the material from the neutral axis to remember the farther away we are from the neutral axis the distance grows so that c is the same as x in this case 1.45 so that's part of the ease of calculating x from the top is we're going to need that number several times and then I is what we just calculated the 44.4 inches to the fourth so we'll get kips per square inch the compressive stress of the concrete per square inch 1.31 in compression now for the steel in tension below the we're going to assume the steel takes all of that tension remember that was our transformation we assume that none of the concrete below can absorb any of the tension even though it can that's going to be n times the very same numbers except that we have a different c this is the concrete c, this is the steel c because they're different distances from the neutral axis the steel can hold a lot more stress so you know we have to multiply by n and we already have all the units worked out from the same number above this steel distance from the neutral axis is the 4 minus x which is what 2 point and so that comes out to be 18.5 much much more than the sorry the concrete could stand earlier sneeze can't get more than one bless you a day because the steel can hold a lot more stress than the concrete can so you know it must be bigger that's why we put the steel down there because it can hold so much more stress if you divide by 8.06 or have the n upside down then this is going to be a very very small number and your calculation is going to be that there's no stress anticipated down here you might as well put in Kleenex which is not well known as a structural material you know from the direction these things should be this has got to be a lot bigger because that's the steel the steel can hold a lot more stress so now that the stress profile looks something like a maximum of 1.3 sorry the tension in the concrete 18.5 that's the tension is our profile look like that now remember we're assuming that this concrete that's down here takes actually since we're assuming that this concrete takes none of it our stress profile is actually like this sorry the let me try to make it a little bit more accurate here's the bottom of the beam here's the steel it's the steel that can take this 18.5 the steel itself is really only that thick that's the part that's in tension because remember we're assuming that the rest of that concrete can't hold any of the tension we've taken it completely out of the calculation that's our true stress profile for our design purposes because we're assuming that the rest of this concrete can't absorb any of that tension anyway certainly not this much so we just take it out of the calculation entirely man a lot went by there yeah no no because the width it just repeats itself you know there's more load as it gets wider but we have more material holding the load by the same amount so this is the cross section the depth we assume to be the same all the way along in real design you're going to have to take into account that things change at the sides because there's different supports here loads expected there this is adequate for the center of the beam we don't need to change any of the numbers for the increasing width because it just it just repeats itself over and over okay see we got ah we got 10 minutes for you to do your own problem back on the boat concrete TV which is here on those width of the flanges 18 inches top to bottom 6 inch thickness down there which is up from the bottom we have 2 3 bar this is a typical floor beam that bottom part is going to be in tension top part is going to be in compression so the concrete is going to be in compression so maximum allowable stress is 3 ksi first that will be the top part in compression and for the rebar assume a tension maximum allowable stress of 40 ksi nowhere near what the concrete can handle alone so that's the purpose of the rebar so the rebar diameter 1 inch so find the maximum allowable moment then so the type of thing where you've got these beams available they're right out of the catalog easily manufactured so you want to find out what the maximum moment oh sorry oh no we've got this 22 inches across the top but that's the 8 plus the 8 plus the 6 sorry no yeah same no I've got slightly different numbers for some reason 29 times 10 to the 6 psi over 3.8 times 10 to the 6 psi so for whatever reason slightly different ones there'll be a factor of safety in all of these calculations anyway I can speed you up with some of the numbers the area of the rebar those 2 1 inch diameter rebar we'll have an area of 1.571 times AS which will be the area of the concrete you replace 11 point we're going to leave the concrete alone up top above the neutral axis and we don't know where that is remember because that's the neutral axis of the transform section figure it's going to be somewhere in there and then we take out all the bottom concrete the rebar and replace it with a big long fat strip of concrete to absorb the stress so we need to figure out where that neutral axis is and remember that's by balancing Y bar A above which is now a composite shape but it's 2 simple rectangles and that's got to be equal to Y bar A below which will allow you to place the neutral axis in fact of all the calculations that's probably the toughest one so let's do that for now I happen to do it like this we already know that thickness here is 4 inches so what we really need is fat distance there as the only unknown so if you do it that same way then we can prepare numbers easily of course makes that distance 16 minus X because that's where the rebar is 16 inches down from the bottom of the flange it's 2 inches of concrete below the rebar we're throwing out of the calculation in fact if you want to see this business in action it's very easy in New York State because all of our bridges are crumbling if you drive under the bridges you'll see a lot of this concrete cracked and breaking away and even rust colored because now the rebar is getting exposed to water and salt and so underneath all the bridges you'll see the big chunks of this concrete is popping off and just the rebar is left so if you might want to become religious as you go over in New York State Bridges you can get for X that seems to be the the trickiest part of the calculation I is a little bit tricky you remember I is for the transformed cross-section and that D is measured from this this neutral axis there's a transform cross-section there's some fast on this stuff you must remember that X as I calculated is from the bottom of that T so if you do that same thing we can compare numbers get confused I'm finding a Y bar without doing a little chart thing if that's easier for you to do it that way do it that way so Y bar at the top will be 4 plus X for the top Y bar A will break it into two pieces that piece and that piece and so above we know that Y bar for piece 1 is going to be X plus half of that which is 2 2 plus X and then the whole area of that piece 1 is 22 by 4 Y bar is X over 2 we don't know that's what we're looking for and its area is 6 by X that's piece 2 do you think that makes sense so it's once you write out it's not really worth the table but you can certainly do it that way if you'd like and then for the bottom piece its Y bar is 16 minus X and its area is NAS and then that'll give you an equation for X because if you don't draw it like that what else would you draw just like the straight theme across you have to keep some of that C in there well I guess it's possible the neutral axis could be actually up here but if you do that I guess the X is now negative you sort of visually are balancing these things if you cut these out of cardboard then they balance at some place about where X is and remember this is under drawn by quite a bit that's actually almost 12 square inches that Y bar piece 1 is 2 plus X that's a piece 1 that's Y bar it's the distance of the centroid of section 1 from the neutral axis which is X plus 2 because that's 4 so it's halfway across that piece so it's 2 plus X down to the neutral axis so we don't have to reference this yeah we don't have to reference this from the top or the bottom neutral axis yeah I think I misplayed that on the very first part when I was introducing this and then piece 2 is the same alright we're at the end of time I gotta run to the other class so let me give you these numbers as I have you can double check them X drawn from the bottom of the flange there is 0.1573 inches and then I remember the centroidal moment of inertia of this strip you take as 0 so you'll have pieces 1, 2 and then that bottom piece to contribute to the moment of inertia 35, 35, 7 so see if you get those same numbers inches to the fourth and then you have to calculate maximum moment for each of these because one of them is going to fail before the other and then you have to take whichever one is lowest so the maximum moment for the concrete is 2551 based on the concrete limit 5 inches then you have to redo that calculation for the steel remember n will be in there and there will be a different c distance and then it relaxes that that you get 1170 so that will be the controlling one because it's smaller if you put a moment of 2551 the concrete will be okay but the steel will fail means this class will be 4 hours on 3

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Young Professional Network Announces 1st Professional Development Summit

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The Young Professional Network in Bemidji has been shaping leaders in the community for close to a decade now, and our own Cheryl Moore tells us about the next big step for the organization. What's really cool about integrity is when you look into it, when you dig into it, you really find out how important integrity really is. The Young Professional Network, also known as YPN, has been working hard to build the Bemidji community into a place where leaders can thrive. Networking luncheons that we do, we have our monthly luncheons where we have speakers, we have networking activities. All businesses associated with YPN are part of the Chamber of Commerce. Today, members learned about how to impact others through integrity with a presentation by Jamie Neal from Wells Bargo. His focus was, you know, as young leaders, here's how you need to position yourself from a character standpoint, not only to impact, you know, your daily lives at the office, but also to provide yourself with an opportunity for growth within your company. More than 50 young professionals from the Bemidji area were a part of today's workshop to talk about integrity in the workplace. While YPN hosts many events like this one, coming up in September, they'll be hosting their first-ever summit that will be open to anyone who's interested. Come and learn, you know, more about their leadership skills. Take on more of a casual atmosphere to kind of learn together where they can help each other out. While the summit is a few months away, if you're hoping to get connected now, YPN is always looking for members, as well as opportunities for current members to serve the area. Some people transition on and off, they try YPN for a number of years, get a lot out of it, and then maybe move on and give some other people within their business's opportunities to learn too. So we have some people kind of coming in and out of it, which is nice, get a variety of faces that way. Running of Bemidji, Sean Moore, Lakeland News. Now if you would like to register for the YPN Professional Development Summit, we have that link posted on our website at lptv.org-slash-news.

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"Religion as Social Technology" by Carl Youngblood

Presentation by Carl Youngblood, Vice President of the Mormon Transhumanist Association for the London Futurists on 21 Sep 2013.

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Okay. During the past two centuries, social theorists have contributed to what has come to be called the secularization thesis. This thesis identifies three main trends. First of all, progress in science and technology tends to promote a disenchanted view of the world where an ever-increasing number of events can be causally explained without turning to theology or metaphysics. Second, as governing structures adapt to scientific advances, churches and other religious organizations tend to lose their control over law, politics, public welfare, education and science. And instead, they restrict themselves just to their pastoral functions of providing for the individual's spiritual well-being. And so religion becomes largely a private matter. The third thing is that increased prosperity brought on by industrialization and the rise of the welfare state tends to reduce the need for reliance on a higher power to cope with life's inherent risks. In my abstract, I claim that this hypothesis was showing signs of age. By this, I don't mean to imply that these trends have ceased altogether, but that there are significant discrepancies between the trends as described and what is actually happening. Sociologists and philosopher Jurgen Habermas explains that among the expert community of sociologists, the secularization thesis has been a subject of controversy for more than two decades, and that there is even talk of the end of secularization theory. He points out that while the data globally still provides surprisingly robust support for secularization, the weakness of the theory is due rather to rash inferences that betray an imprecise use of the concepts of secularization and modernization. He goes on to describe these discrepancies in more detail, and he calls this revised thesis post-secularization or post-secularism. He points out that the European model of secularization has actually been the exception rather than the rule. As a counter example, though religion is changing in the United States, it's still home to many vibrant religious communities, and its proportion of religiously committed and active citizens remains high. Despite its religiosity, America nevertheless is the spearhead of modernization. It used to be seen as an unusual holdout against the secularization trend, but wider perspectives on other cultures and world religion now see this as more of a norm. So although churches have lost control over their government functions, they continue to exert a powerful soft influence by encouraging their congregants to be politically active and by clear messaging on issues that are of importance to them. And from a global perspective, religion, especially fundamentalism, is actually increasing in the world. So while post-secular theorists have a lot more to say, for the purposes of my presentation today, I'd just like to highlight two important conclusions that I draw from post-secularization. First, religion has been misunderstood, and perhaps most importantly, religion is not going away anytime soon, so we'd better try to understand it. So let's see if we can try to understand it a little better today. What exactly is religion? It has been notoriously difficult to define. We could easily spend hours on this topic and still not get to the bottom of it. But in general, I take the position that religion has been characterized too narrowly. We think of religion as the church on the corner, as Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Hinduism or Judaism. But we forget that religion existed long before the popular denominations of today. In his crowning work, Religion in Human Evolution, sociologist Robert Bella describes religion as a system of symbols that when enacted by human beings, establishes powerful, pervasive and long-lasting moods and motivations that make sense in terms of an idea of a general order of existence. You may notice that this description applies to a broad range of human activities, some of which may not traditionally be associated with religion. So hold that thought, because I'm going to get back to it later. Far from a peripheral aspect of human life, Bella draws on a wide array of biological, archaeological and anthropological research to show that religion was not just an important phase of our evolutionary development, but is actually one of the conserved core processes that contributes to our ongoing survival and is part of our very nature. He traces its emergence in our evolutionary predecessors and describes some of the necessary components that preceded it. So I had a ton of slides about some of his research, and I had to just cut them all out because we just don't have enough time today. You can make them available afterwards online? I guess I could do that. That would be great. Bella stresses that human culture develops incrementally. While it may advance to new phases, it always retains elements of the previous ones. He identifies three phases of cultural development. Mimetic, in which primitive humans communicate primarily by mimicking and gesture. Mythic, in which the development of language has enabled narrative. And theoretic, in which old narratives are questioned and reorganized, old rituals and myths are replaced with new ones, etc. But today I'd especially like to focus on myth or narrative. Myth literally means story, especially in the context of religion, stories about transcendent human experiences. Contrary to the popular understanding of the word, myths are not untrue. They may even be based on historical events. In fact, they often are. But their strength is not derived from their historicity. It comes from their being powerful, motivational narratives that will still be relevant long after the historical incidents that led to their emergence. Even myths that are obviously fables still contain overarching moral truths that help to order a people's worldview, at least for a time. And we can definitely see myths fading in and out and on the ascendant and waning as well. Myths are symbols that point us beyond our present everyday concerns to an overarching purpose. They bring meaning to our lives and as human beings we crave meaning. We want meaning so badly that we create it where it wasn't before. In fact, created meanings that are most compelling are the ones that tend to endure the longest. Which brings me to the last point that I'd like to make today. As we noted earlier, despite undergoing rapid change, religion today is alive and well and even shows up in some unexpected places. In fact, in many instances the secular narrative has taken on religious functions. Religion blogger Nathaniel Givens shares a few examples. One prominent and off-sided example of this is the secular religion of environmentalism. The degree to which the Green Movement recapitulates all the high notes of Christianity is so brazen that it is ripe for parody. We all existed in a state of natural bliss and union with nature until the serpent of modern technology entered and we partook of the forbidden fruit of industrialization. Thus causing us to be expelled from Eden and subjected to a barrage of artificial cancer inducing chemicals. Now all our children have autism from vaccines as the world labors under the weight of collective guilt. We are held sinners in the hands of an angry nature over the fire of catastrophe, of catastrophic global warming, where repentance, carbon offsets cannot purchase our freedom but is due nonetheless. It's basically Christianity without Christ. He hastens to add, please note that none of this discussion calls into question the science of anthropic global climate change. I'm merely pointing out that that issue has social weight not because of the science but because of the narrative. We are disaffected. As Louis C. K. puts it, everything is amazing, no one is happy. Something is missing and we need a narrative to plug the hole. Environmentalism fits the profile. Whether or not it is factually true is beside the point. This has been noted before but what has been missed is that this is not just a new veneer for Christianity. It's an example of the extent to which religion properly defined is deeply and completely compatible with scientific rhetoric. I should also add in case it's not obvious already that Givens is not trying to vindicate Christianity here. He's merely making a sociological observation. He goes on. Another stark example of this was evidence following the tragic Sandy Hook massacre. In the old days we would have turned to religion to assuage our grief and pain and give us some explanation. But in the 21st century newspapers made sure to cover extensively the fact that the killer's DNA would be studied. Scientifically this is meaningless. It's as relevant as reading entrails or casting bones. And that's precisely the point. Science is increasingly being cast to fill the role that religion once filled. Mary Midgley identifies two frequent pitfalls that many scientists fall into when discussing some of the potential implications of their discoveries. Cosmic optimism and cosmic pessimism. Robert Bella shares examples of both in his book which I mentioned earlier. As an example of cosmic optimism we have Eric Chesson's book Cosmic Evolution. Intelligent Life is an animated conduit through which the universe comes to know itself. Perhaps now is the time to widen the quest for understanding still further, to expand the intellectual effort beyond conventional science, to engage the larger non-scientific communities of philosophers, theologians, and others who often resonate with the cosmic evolutionary theme even if not in name, all in an ambitious attempt to construct a millennial world view of who we are, whence we came and how we fit into the cosmic scheme of things as wise ethical human beings. Humankind is entering an age of synthesis such as occurs only once in several generations. Perhaps only once every few centuries. The years ahead will surely be exciting, productive, perhaps even deeply significant. Largely because the scenario of cosmic evolution provides an opportunity to inquire systematically and synergistically into the nature of our existence, to mount a concerted effort to a modern universe history that people of all cultures can readily understand and adopt. As we begin the new millennium such a coherent story of our very being a powerful and true myth can act as an effective intellectual vehicle to invite all cultures to become participants not just spectators in the building of a whole new legacy. So Bella responds to this. Chason is in fact calling for a new church to go with his new religion. I have no problem with Chason's endeavor. Indeed, I have a lot of sympathy with it, but I would be happier if he had taken responsibility for what he is doing rather than implying that all this is still science even if quote beyond unconventional science. And he falls into one of the pitfalls of all religions when he speaks of the story he tells as a powerful and true myth with the implication that other myths are not true for truth is one of the marks that gives his religion its distinction. This leads perilously close to the implication that all the other religions are false. Then what happens to the vast majority of humanity that doesn't understand much less believe his myth? Chason would have avoided this error had he been clear about this myth is not science. Myth can be true but it is a different kind of truth from the truth of science and must be judged by different criteria and the myth he tells though it draws on science is not science and so cannot claim scientific truth. I would argue that the myths told by the ancient Israelite prophets by Socrates, Plato and Aristotle by Confucius and Mencius and by the Buddha just to stay within the purview of this book are all truth true myths he could have added other religions as well. They overlap with each other and with Chason's myth but even in their conflicts which are sometimes serious they are all worthy of belief and I find it possible to believe in all of them in rather deep but not exclusive ways. He then shares an example of cosmic pessimism. It is perfectly true that science attacks values not directly but it subverts them. If he accepts this message in its full significance man must at last wake out of his millenary dream and discover his total solitude, his fundamental isolation. He must realize that like a gypsy he lives on the boundary of an alien world, a world that is deaf to his music and as indifferent to his hopes as it is to his sufferings or his crimes. So Bella points out that actually that theory is a little bit outdated since morality itself has evolutionary origins but he still says although a distinguished scientist and one of the founders of molecular biology, Monod in the above passage, has entered the world of metaphysical speculation and perhaps not surprisingly finds there the thought of a leading French existentialist. As Mijuli says of him he has created a drama in which Sartrean man appears as the lonely hero challenging an alien and meaningless universe. Just want to share a few more examples. The cosmos is also within us. We're made of stars. We are a way of the cosmos to know itself. Recognize that the very molecules that make up your body, the atoms that construct the molecules are traced to the crucibles that were once the centers of high mass stars that exploded their chemically enriched guts into the galaxy, enriching pristine gas clouds with the chemistry of life so that we're all connected to each other biologically to the earth chemically and to the rest of the universe atomically. That's kind of cool. That makes me smile and I actually feel quite large at the end of that. It's not that we are better than the universe. We're part of the universe. We're in the universe and the universe is in us. Don't get me wrong. I love these guys. I love these guys. In fact, I love watching these shows. Cosmos is one of my favorite shows. Okay, so don't get me wrong. Bella ends his critique of these excesses on ecumenical tone. He says, as I now move to trying to tell the modern scientific metanarrative and highly condensed form, let me just reaffirm my conviction that there is undoubted truth in all the reactions, including the rather different ones from these scientists, but also those from many other scientists and non-scientists to this extraordinary and disturbing metanarrative. I also believe that in spite of our differences, we do not need to fall into culture wars in which we denounce and anathematize those with whom we disagree. This is a big universe. There is room for all of us. At this point, I'd just like to paraphrase some of Nietzsche's remarks, which I find aft, although they were originally addressed to philosophers, not scientists, he said. That which causes scientists to be regarded half distrustingly and half mockingly is not the off-repeated discovery how innocent they are, how often and easily they make mistakes and lose their way, in short, how childish and childlike they are, but that there is not enough honest dealing with them, whereas they all raise a loud and virtuous outcry when the problem of truthfulness is even hinted at in the remotest manner. They all pose as though their real opinions had been discovered and attained through the self-evolving of a cold, pure, divinely indifferent dialectic, in contrast to all sorts of mystics who fairer and foolisher talk of inspiration, whereas in fact a prejudice proposition, idea, or suggestion, which is generally their heart's desire, abstracted and refined, is defended by them with arguments sought out after the event. They are all advocates who do not wish to be regarded as such, generally astute defenders also of their prejudices, which they dub truths and very far from having the conscience, which bravely admits this to itself, very far from having the good taste of the courage which goes so far as to let this be understood, perhaps to warn friend or foe or in cheerful confidence and self-ridicule. Of course this is an exaggeration, but the phenomenon occurs frequently enough to be a useful observation. The main point, be more aware of and open about your biases. Don't be sloppy about where science ends and religion begins. Call a spade a spade. Back to Bell's definition of religion. Religion is a symbol, system of symbols that when enacted by human beings establishes powerful pervasive and long-lasting moods and motivations. And I just like to buttress this with the words of William James. He says, the capacity of the strenuous mood lies so deep down among our natural human possibilities that even if there were no metaphysical or traditional grounds for believing in a God, men would postulate one simply as a pretext for living hard and getting out of the game of existence its keenest possibilities of zest. Every sort of energy and endurance of courage and capacity for handling life's evils is set free in those who have religious faith. For this reason the strenuous type of character will on the battlefield of human history always out where the easygoing type and religion will drive irreligion to the wall. The definition of religion that I find most useful is whatever symbols, rituals, and narratives are capable of provoking a strenuous mood in a community that inspires it to work towards a desired future. It is a technology like any other but it comes from so far back in our evolutionary past that we're not used to thinking of it that way. It can be used for good or evil. Let's make sure we use it for good. Let's also try to be more aware of when we cross over into religious territory and do so in the right context and consciously instead of by mistake. That's all I have time for. I had one more slide but we'll skip it. Thank you guys.

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CNCF CNF Testbed Meeting - 2019-04-15

Join us for Kubernetes Forums Seoul, Sydney, Bengaluru and Delhi - learn more at kubecon.io Don't miss KubeCon + CloudNativeCon 2020 events in Amsterdam March 30 - April 2, Shanghai July 28-30 and Boston November 17-20! Learn more at kubecon.io. The conference features presentations from developers and end users of Kubernetes, Prometheus, Envoy, and all of the other CNCF-hosted projects

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Okay, it's five after I think we can get started. So this call is being recorded and will be published. Anyone wants to add anything to the agenda to chat about. Please do so on the meeting notes. Yeah, Dan, you want to go ahead since you have a long time. Sure. So this is Dan con from CNCF. I want to I'm glad to see more attendance on this call and I wanted to give the good news that we've decided to create a telecom user group that is explicitly modeled on the CNCF and user community. But the difference is that our group is going to not just be for telcos, but also for their vendors. And that's just based on a telcos have never been included as part of the end user community which has been a rule for sorry telcos have never been included in the user community because it's a rule about whether you include cloud native, whether you offer cloud native technologies to your customers or not. And so this is a essentially a new separate group that is both the telcos and their vendors together and it's not a group that I'm expecting to produce code. Any code that they want would be done in the upstream projects, but we definitely would like to be in a position to talk about requirements and gap analysis, and then also potentially profiles and best practices. And so I want to give the heads up that I had a chance to meet with a number of telcos and their vendors at Open Network Summit in San Jose last week and saw just a huge level of interest in adoption in all these technologies and so we'd love to create a formal way for folks to coordinate and cooperate on it. So anyway, that work is meant to overlap pretty directly with the CNF testbed to the degree that people are trying new things like network service match for configuring DPP or using Istio for policy or other kinds of stuff. We would love to have that not just be a white paper but actually have it be demoed in the in the testbed if people find that useful. And so our plan then is to essentially transform this meeting into a telcom user group meeting and have the testbed be one of the topics. Any idea, Dan, if we'd keep the same time when that changes over time and days. The last piece of it is that I've asked Cheryl Hong, who couldn't be here this morning, unfortunately, but who leads our end user community to share this group as well. It's possible after three or six months that she might step aside and have a member chair it but I'm definitely going to be involved at first and then, but she'll be the actual chair. And I'll stop there. Thank you. Dan, I don't know if anyone else lost it but there was a chunk of audio for about 20 seconds right at the end. You just I had the same experience. So you mentioned you're going to move over to this to a telco version and then it then it cut out. I apologize for that folks. I mean, Vancouver and having something like these, but I did you hear me mentioned Cheryl Hong is going to be the chair. Yes, that was kind of the ending so we missed the in between you're going to convert and then share Cheryl would be there. Okay, just just that we're going to merge this testbed group into the telcom user group that both of those are designed to occur at once. And I think that was the people. Sounds good. Does it look like for now we'll keep the same day and time or is there any thoughts on what it would be for the telco user group. Does anyone else have I guess any comments or questions since Dan's going to be dropping pretty soon, as far as the user group goes the new user group or anything else on the initiative. Sounds very interesting to me. This might have been mentioned in the very beginning. Is there a specific goal in mind is it or is it just to increase adoption of CNCF and telcos. It's really that helping telcos and their vendors adopt CNCF technologies is the goal. Okay, cool. So, and there's been a lot of collaboration with different groups already from the CNF testbed initiative. And one of those would be network service mesh. So, I just wanted to mention that it was accepted as a sandbox project last week. So that's great. And looking at having some testing and showing the use of network service mesh with the different test configure test use cases. And configurations that the testbed's been using pretty soon, moving towards that. And a lot of other groups, including working directly with some vendors Intel has various initiatives along the same lines and so working with them to show various projects. Like multis, we'll be looking at that and as well as the CPU manager project. So tying in with what's needed on the performance network functions and quite a few other projects. There's a lot of feedback at ONS from different vendors and projects that are actively working on this. So it's good to see the collaboration increase. There's been requests also for working on white papers from the Linux Foundation Network inside. I don't know if someone on the call like Fred, maybe you have some more details if you want to talk about any of those things or network service mesh specifically. I know it'd be most of these things would be of interest to anyone on the call. I think that there's a lot of a lot of different initiatives we can definitely talk about. And I think part of our part of our goals and to be working working out how many of these things integrate with each other to become greater than it's greater than all. I'm really, really excited. At ONS, there was a lot of different talks, of course. One on the CNF testbed specifically, we had a talk where it was a mix of the intro for the testbed and then went through a tutorial Q&A. And that went I think really well. We've been working hard to ensure that everything is repeatable from scratch. So for those folks that don't know on the call, which I think may not be anyone, everyone here might be familiar with it. But from the ground up from zero to everything running at this point, we're able to deploy OpenSec and run the VNS on that side and then run the same setup on Kubernetes. So the next pieces are going to be really showing off stuff like orchestration and everything which we're in a semis coming in. I think we'll start seeing more complex and interesting use cases. So one of the main areas that we want is to get feedback on what use cases are most interesting for telcos and feedback from vendors on what they're trying to implement. Tom Herbert, he's on the call from Red Hat. He's looking to helping with Sintos support so that a lot of the telcos would be using RHEL and Sintos. So getting that into the testbed is something that we're working towards. And with that, we'll have the capability of using Ubuntu or Sintos on packet. And one of the things right now that that gives on packet is more access to the machines that they've built out for this type of network configuration. So these are the Intel network card-based machines. They're publicly released. Right now they are actually all on Sintos side because they targeted some telcos that were wanting these. This configuration is based on feedback from the work with CNF Testbed. Michael was a part of that. Peter and Maček from the CSET project. So all of our feedback has actually led to the configuration. It's the into extra large. And they've really been good about listening to that. And they're wanting more feedback. So if you're not on the packet Slack, I'd definitely get on that. But they're also on the CNF channel, on the cloud native Slack. And if we have ideas on what would be good from a cloud computing or cloud provider side, they want to try to create those configurations that would be useful for this industry. So we can definitely have some more talks around that as well. So I think most everything is right now on the development side for the CNF Testbed repo is targeting KubeCon and looking to add ideally network service mesh support. Working on different types of configuration for the cloud native network functions that are privileged and unprivileged and dealing with stuff like that. We have SRV topics. We've been talking with different folks and getting more pull requests from different people listening. So I think that's it. Does anyone have any questions or topics that they want to see? I think something that would be of interest to the telcos would be in the test bed is the right spot for this but we have done some initial work towards network service mesh and a neutron based integration where you can call use a Kubernetes based system to call OpenStack and then be able to make a call from OpenStack into Kubernetes in order to wire services together. I would definitely appreciate any work in that space if that's of interest. Cool. Any other topics? Taylor, when we were at the ONS last week, we spent some time talking through the setup VPP within your testbed and I just wanted to kind of go through this. So what we discussed was that today it's mostly relying on static VPP configuration for the CNF. While it would be good and we already have some work done within NSM and by VPP, I mean like the CNF VPP, like the thing that runs inside the container and implements the function. So what was discussed there was the fact that in NSM we already have kind of programmatic way through VPP agent and linking this to configuration map within Kubernetes to essentially have some programmability of the CNF. Today it's only about ASL and ACL, sorry, and kind of static cross connecting the two interfaces, the incoming and outgoing. This is what we have as a so called VPP agent firewall that we use, but following that pattern we can add the IP routing connected in a similar way, which I think would be very useful for the CNF testbed and kind of having more dynamic way of configuring it. Sounds good. Yeah, I'd like to continue that. It's something that Michael and Denver and I had been talking about. I think there may even be a ticket as far as on that side. And I think it could be split between creating, ensuring the CNF itself is more generic, specifically a VPP based CNF and then adding NSM or whatever stitches the connections together can probably be done separately so that those can be completed independently. That sounds good, Nikolai. Okay, can you point me to the ticket if that exists already? Yeah, I'll follow up with you after this call. Okay, thank you. Yep, absolutely. Anything else that folks want to talk about? Like to see or talk about? Does anyone have any other topics? All right, I was on mute. I had a question for the person who brought up the Kubernetes open stack talking to each other. I just wanted to clarify, are those independent systems or is one sort of on top of the other? So my preference would be that they're independent. So basically bare metal Kubernetes talking with an independent open stack. My understanding is that the test that already has an open stack system running, which is built on top of the VPP. We can also in member service mesh have a can attach things. So we have a VP, we have VPP as a, so you have like our Kubernetes easier standard Kubernetes networking and then we can also attach a VPP based network to it. So we can coordinate the parameter like the XLAN or GRE or whatever you want to use. So in the open stack side, if we create a port in Neutron and then we were to take the port and instead of looking for the end, we were to attach a VXLAM port to it on the other side. So I think it would be a relatively easy use case to, to pull off and we can then focus on like how do you want to accelerate it or in order to make it interesting. And then the Kubernetes side we could also accelerate that data path so we could do shared memory from the pod to VPP, and then dvp can then use dvk to to emit the VXLAM packets up to its destination. So I think we have something that's, I'm not going to say it's, it's easy, but I think it's relatively straightforward and certainly easier than other use cases we could take on that would, that would show some significant value to do telcos pretty, pretty quickly. Do you think that's something that you and or some other folks would be interested in taking on for adding that use case under the testbed? Yeah, maybe with the help of training on here's how, here's how the OPSET deployment works and getting it set up and then you have a base for adding that additional support. Yeah, I can definitely take some of that on. I'm going to translate some should be clear bolt pretty soon here so yeah I can definitely look into that system. Go ahead and define the criteria. We have two frames on the line. Oh, am I the wrong thread? Yeah, it's all right if you want to help as well. Oh my God, sorry. Yeah, no problem. No, that was, I mean, I'd be happy for you to help but I know Frederick is already working on this collaboration but if you'd like to help that'd be great. See you Tom. Yeah, always happy to help. Yeah, no worries. I would love to have another thread working on this because I'm filling out numbered by all the ads. Totally. Great. Well, we can get you access on that for whoever would like to work on this. Definitely we will open pull request and follow up outside with a request otherwise. But if anyone has any improvements or whatever then open a pull request. I do think that's a good use case and so if we can get someone else to drive that mad the support the VX land stuff has been going in as far as the VPP networking stuff so that's kind of been testing. I know Ian Wells had been giving some feedback on some of that but that's related to add in the adding this support for Frederick and can follow up with you outside and and see what's left. Anything else. Thanks everyone to the next. CNF test bed off, which will be the telco user group is on the first Monday of May that's May the 6. And that's at the same time, 8am Pacific. Thanks everyone for attending hope that you can make it next time. Tell folks about the call and let's get more people involved. Sounds good. Bye everybody.

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The Magnificent Power of Physical Touch for Mental Health and Wellbeing

Unveiling 'The Magnificent Power of Physical Touch for Mental Health and Wellbeing,' a captivating film that explores the human touch's hidden potential. Explore the marvels of connection and learn how the simple act of touching can change people's lives. Investigate how physical interaction affects our emotional landscape and changes our existence. Curious? Take advantage of this enthralling journey to rediscover connection! #physicaltouch #touching #touching

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Psychologist Harry Harlow conducted a series of now renowned studies on the importance of touch. He took baby rhesus monkeys away from their mothers and gave them a surrogate. The surrogate could be a simple structure made of wire and wood, or it could be made of foam, rubber and terry cloth. The wire mother also had a bottle that the monkeys could drink from, but the monkeys chose to cling to the cloth mother for comfort, even though this would make them dehydrate or starve. Touch was even more important to these monkeys than food. But what about us humans? Most of us are familiar with the concept of skin to skin contact and how important it is for newborn babies. Numerous research studies show that skin to skin contact stimulates a specific part of the newborn's brain, which encourages them to attach and begin feeding. Skin to skin contact has also been linked to better abilities to absorb and digest nutrients, maintain body temperature, have a more stable heartbeat and breathing, have improved brain function and development over time, and have stronger immune systems. And for adults too, there is growing evidence that touch, especially from a romantic partner, buffers us against stress. A 2006 study on handholding found that married women had smaller neural threat responses when holding their partner's hand than when holding a stranger's hand or not holding hands at all. Humans, like most other mammals, are social animals. We seek out other humans to interact with, play with, laugh with, and make love with. All of those activities involve touching of some kind, including hugs, handshakes, high fives, and other, more intimate gestures. Research shows again and again that touching is a vital human activity. The famous painter and Renaissance artist Michelangelo once said, to touch can be to give life. Human touch is one of the activities that sets us apart from many of the earth's other creatures. Yes, primates do it, as do some species of animals, but for humans, touch is vitally important. Indeed, it's one of the core characteristics that make humans human and is ingrained into the very fiber of our beings. A huge amount of research shows that not being touched can be very harmful. In 1994, a study in Romania showed that children who lived in institutions and didn't get much human touch had serious problems with their development. At the time, thousands of children were in orphanages, and the vast majority had mental and physical health problems, mostly due to not being cuddled, stroked, and hugged. Indeed, many of them were found to have been left alone for days and weeks, at a time in their lives when touch is crucial. The lack of touch was extremely detrimental to both their physical and mental health. At this point, you may be asking yourself, but why is touch so important? Well, there are several reasons. For example, when humans touch, the orbital frontal cortex of the brain is activated. This part of the brain is closely linked to compassion, happiness, and reward sensations. Touch also activates the vagus nerve, which releases the hormone oxytocin, often referred to as the love hormone. The more we touch, the more of this hormone and the positive emotions it causes are produced. Touch is also the way humans build relationships, both in their personal and professional lives. It brings about cooperation and trust and is used to create alliances and friendships. According to one study, patients who had their partners stroke their arms while undergoing an MRI for a brain scan experienced significantly less anxiety and stress. Just this small amount of touch was enough to turn off, if you will, the switch that made them frightened and stressed. Decker Keltner, a psychology professor at the University of California, Berkeley, says that touch is the fundamental language of connection. It brings us together, helps us form lasting bonds, and gives us a sense of well-being and security. Hugging, holding hands, and other forms of non-sexual touch have been shown to reduce stress, calm fears, and make people feel content. Touching has even been shown to boost immunity and make a person less susceptible to things like germs and viruses. Need more proof that touch is essential? How about the fact that, when people kiss, chemicals in their saliva let them know if their new love interest is compatible or not? That's especially true for women, as it helps them choose the best partner. Speaking of chemicals, activities like hugging, petting, and other forms of touching increase your serotonin and dopamine levels. These neurotransmitters regulate mood, help the human body relieve stress, and reduce anxiety levels. A 2004 breast cancer study showed that, when provided massage therapy, patients had an almost immediate, positive reaction. They have lowered anxiety levels, stress levels, and even pain levels. Their moods improved also, and the number of essential lymphocytes in their bodies increased. Massage therapy has been found to significantly reduce physical and psychological stress and is recommended for the treatment of mental health problems. What are the benefits of hugging, cuddling, and other forms of touching? We've talked about how important touch is for humans, especially children, and why it's ingrained into the very fabric of humanity. Now let's take a look at some of the actual, real-world benefits that hugging and other forms of non-sexual touching provide. Improved heart health. Hugs and cuddles have been shown to reduce blood pressure and heart rate. That's vitally important for seniors, especially, and can provide them with a much higher quality of life. Decreased pain. The same study showed that hugs reduced the pain of people suffering from fibromyalgia. Other studies have shown, as we previously mentioned, that touch is able to reduce pain in cancer patients and others suffering from the effects of various diseases. Enhanced communication. Although most human communication is done verbally or through the expressions on our faces, human touch has been found to enable us to communicate a wide variety of emotions. Pain, sadness, love, fear, and more are expressed when you hug someone, as well as feelings of comfort and connectivity. Reduced stress. We've touched on this already, pun intended, but it's worth repeating. Hugs, cuddles, and other types of touch can significantly reduce stress and anxiety levels. Hugs are exceptionally healthy in this way, creating an immediate response that makes the giver and receiver both feel less stressed. Less fear. One excellent benefit of hugging, cuddling, and touching is that they can help allay a person's fear, especially of death. This is especially true for seniors who may be approaching the end of their lives. Right now, around the world, millions of people are what scientists deem, touch deprived, and that's not good. As we've seen, touch, especially hugs, cuddles, and even handshakes, are vitally important to our physical and emotional well-being. They help us connect with each other and communicate better. They also help reduce pain, fear, and anxiety and give us a sense of self-worth and contentment. In other words, touch, including hugging, cuddling, and handshakes, is still essential. That goes for you, as well as everyone in your social circle. Friends, family, colleagues, and even complete strangers, when acceptable, can all benefit from more of this trait that makes us all human. Our recommendation is that, whenever possible and when permitted, give hugs and cuddles freely and liberally. The benefits of doing so can have a greater positive impact than you might realize. For yourself, your colleagues and your loved ones.

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W 6/16 - JASPY'S 9-BOX HIGH END QUICK HIT FOOTBALL MIXER *RANDOM TEAM*

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Hi everyone, Sean with Jaspys casebricks.com here doing Jaspys nine box high-end quick hit football mixer random team edition. Third to see spots we can get to random team NFL and all card ship. There you go. One box 2020 honors, one box 2020 select hobby, one box 2020 mosaic hobby, 2020 gold standard first off the line, 2020 Panini one, 2020 contenders, 2020 XR, 2020 prison team all and 2021 legacy. There you go. One, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, and nine. Here's our list of customers from Daniel Katz down to Aaron Whittington. Whether you guys one spots like these folks here or box spots straight up like these folks. Thank you very much and good luck. And here are the list of teams from the Cardinals down to the Washington football team. Dish will randomize both lists and pair them up six into two eight times. Eight to foul time from Steve down to Jonathan Arnaldi eight times on the customers. Now eight times on the teams. Eight to foul time. Bangles down to Packers. So eight times on the teams. Eight times on the customers. Eight times on the dice. So Steve Burch with the bangles, Aaron Whittington with the giant, Sean O'Leary with the dolphins, Jonathan Arnaldi with the Broncos, John Malt Fetano with the Rams, Kieran Steele with the Jaguars, Chris Maxwell with the Browns, Sean O'Leary with the Panthers, Shyam Sonnenblik with the Raiders, Eric Serzowski with the Ravens, Taylor McMichael with the Bears, Chris Maxwell with the Jets, Roy DiPietro with the Vikings, Daniel Katz with the Eagles, Sean O'Leary with the Cardinals, Chris Chin with the Bills, Jonathan Peets with the 49ers, Aaron Whittington with the Patriots, Dwayne Richards with the Texans, Garrett Strauss with the Steelers, Jonathan Lieng with the Cowboys, Patrick Evans with the Titans, Ethan Cook with the Colts, Chris Maxwell with the Seahawks, Chad Dahl with the Chargers, Robert Flores with the Saints, Jose Rodriguez with the Falcons, Aaron Whittington with the Lions, Anthony Pashiorek with the Chiefs, Chris Maxwell with the Buccaneers and the Washington football team, and Jonathan Arnaldi with the Packers to finish it off. So trade window is open. Let's go ahead and alphabetize this. I'm going to pause the video. Let's go do it from A to Z, not from C to A. I'm going to pause the video, give a minute or two or a couple minutes for potential trade, since it looks like there is some talk of trades, and see if anything can work out between the folks that are here watching and listening right now. And there you go, guys. When we get back, we'll process any trades and we'll get to ripping. See you shortly. Okay, we're back. There was plenty of talks of trades, some teams that were up for trade, nothing ended up happening. So we're going to go ahead, lots of trying to trade, couldn't trade mojo, but we're printing it, ripping it, keeping it as it was. So random.org has sealed your fates. We're going to start obviously in 2020. We're going to go with XR to start. Nice little appetizer. Two autos, right? Four numbered parallels, loads of one-on-one parallels. I think it's like two autos, two mem. Here is our final list. Good luck, everybody. Remember, all-card ship, Levy on Bell to $199 for the Jets, Chris Maxwell, and there's Jordan Love, $1.49, Rookie for the Packers. And that's going to Jonathan Arnaldi, Stefan Gilmore to $99 for the Patriots, and Aaron Whittington, and Jaylen Hertz, nice rookie there for the Eagles, and Daniel Katz. We've got Chase Young, Relic for Washington and Chris Maxwell. That is out of $75, $5 out of $75, and nice Justin Jefferson running up for Rookie of the Year. Offense Rookie of the Year, $21 out of $49 for the Vikings. Minnesota Vikings, Roy Di Pietro. So a lot of good names in the first to start. First pack of the break, that bows well. We've got a redemption on the back. You've got Rayquan Davis to $99 for the Dolphins. That is Shauna Leary and Vaughn Miller to $75 for the Broncos and Jonathan Arnaldi, Christian McCaffrey to $49 for the Panthers, and Shauna Leary. Redemption is Rookie Triple Swatch Signatures. Right there. Card 212. Chase Young, Washington football team, and Chris Maxwell. Playoff P. Now we're going into 2020 contenders. I still don't think, I still don't think there's shots of the division going or not. Going this and that, so I just thought that the divisions are going to be towards the home. Unfortunately, nothing has to go in. Should have five autos in this. Typically one on-card auto, plus four sticker autos. Sometimes there'll be like a vet auto that'll be on-card to replace one of these sticker autos, but we'll see. I know it's a football break, but obviously lots of basketball stuff going on right now. It does not look good for Doc Rivers. After last year, like what happened with the Clippers, right? And the Clippers clearly struggling to get in this year, but being able to pull it out and like, you know, and not only like not losing the first round, but be down and still come back and be down again and come back. And then for him to be with Philadelphia, Philadelphia to be such a powerhouse as they are, and to be up and to be up big and still to become it. It just, it looks bad for Doc Rivers, man. We've got another redemption. We'll check that out at the end. You got Jalen Rago for the Eagles and Daniel Katz. Remember guys, all-card ship. You got a Sunday ticket auto of Shaquille Barrett. That's for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and Chris Maxwell. That's out of 99, 65 out of 99. Shaquille Barrett, really good player. Pittman and Taylor for the Colts, Ethan Cook. And KJ Hamler for the Broncos, Jonathan Arnaldi. You got Jonathan Taylor. That is a rookie ticket on-card auto for the Colts. And Ethan Cook. And Chase Claypool for the Steelers, Garrett Strauss. So since that's an on-card auto, I don't expect to see another on-card auto, even the redemption, but hey, we'll see. So our redemption, since I don't expect this to be on-card, we're not gonna sweat it till the end. Rookie ticket auto, card 149 is Kenneth Murray. That is for the Chargers and Chad Doth. He recently changed his jersey number this off-season with the new expanded jersey number options for players, back to his college number of nine from 56. Now, he gets to go by his nickname again, canine. He is incredible. Should be great in the Brandon Staley's new defensive system of the Chargers. So let's see. Cam Newton out of 99 for the Patriots, Aaron Whittington and Jacob Eason for the Colts, Ethan Cook. Tom Brady, Buccaneers, Chris Maxwell. And you got a duel of Justin Jefferson and Joe Burrow. That's gonna be randomized between those two teams at the end of the break. Vikings is Roy V. Pietro. Bengals is Steve Birch. Patrick Mahomed for the Chiefs, Anthony Paschiorek. If we get any other dual, round number cards with two different teams, we will randomize all of those at the same time on left or right randomizer. Shaquille Korderman, rookie ticket auto for the Jacksonville Jaguars. That is Karen Steele. Kyler, second year for the Cardinals, Sean O'Leary. CD Lamb for the Cowboys, Jonathan Leang. And Devin Ozigbo also for the Jacksonville Jaguars, rookie ticket auto. That is Karen Steele again and the Jaguars. Jerry Judy for the Broncos, Jonathan Arnaldi. And another dual round numbers, Jalen Rhaegar, CD Lamb. Like I said, those will be randomized all at the same time. Eagles is Daniel Katz, Cowboys, Jonathan Leang. So that should be all five autos. Tom Brady again for the Buccaneers, Chris Maxwell. And Isaiah Simmons for the Cardinals, AJ Terrell for the Falcons. That will be our last randomizer. Cardinals, Sean O'Leary. Falcons is Jose Rodriguez. Oh, we're going to get some nice Jordans on tonight. Anybody watching this know what Jordans those are? I'm not really a red shoe kind of guy, but they look pretty nice. Shaq has Chewbacca slippers on, it looks like. Chuck looks like he's wearing some like Air Force ones or something like that. But like, because his shoes are so big, the toe box on that looks monstrous and looks gross. Okay, so those all be randomized. Left, right randomizer at the end of the break. Moving into mosaic. Two autos, lots of colored parallels, maybe a stained glass. They're Wookie's. Is that what you're saying? What are EJ's? EJ's Jordans though. I couldn't do those. Couldn't pull those off. They look nice though. I love how Shaq's. Oh, okay, he just got pegged in the head. Shaq just like kept pegging, kept pegging, Chuck, even though he was like out of the game. Ernie Johnson, I don't know, I don't, he was not Eric. I believe he's just a announcer. He's the guy that keeps them all, all under control, you know. Tries to keep them talking about stuff that they need to cover, not stuff that they want to talk about. You got Curtis Martin Silver, that's for the Jets and Chris Maxwell in a nice NFL debut of 49. Chase Young, pink for Washington and Chris Maxwell. We got Drew Brees, center stage for the Saints and Robert Flores. Chase Young, NFL debut, Washington, Chris Maxwell, exactly. You can only do so much with that group. Keyshawn Vaughn, Buccaneers, Chris Maxwell, Kyler, second-year Cardinals, Sean O'Leary, and our first autos, Anthony Miller for the Bears, Taylor McMichael, Thurman Thomas for the Bills, Chris Chin and Brian Dawkins Red, non-numbered for the Eagles and Daniel Katz, J.K. Dobbins for the Ravens, Eric Srozowski and Jerry Judy for the Broncos, and Jonathan Alley, Cole Comet for the Bears, Taylor McMichael, DJ Moore for the Panthers, Sean O'Leary and Christian McCaffrey for the Panthers as well and Sean O'Leary. I think that's the other thing too, Aaron, is EJ doesn't keep it too strict too, because if you really wanted to watch hard-hitting analysis and reporting without any of the joking around, there's places to watch that and to get that information. You're not watching inside the NBA, you know? But EJ does a good job of allowing it to happen, you know what I mean? He seems like the dad that's at a dinner table with his son and his son's two friends, and he's just trying to be like, okay guys, we're in a restaurant, let's not get too crazy, like have fun, but he seems like a nice dad, you know? Vaughn Miller for the Broncos and Jonathan Alley, T. Higgins for the Bengals, that is Steve Burch and Tua, NFL debut for the Dolphins, Sean O'Leary, Jaylen Rhaegor for the Eagles, Daniel Katz, and Jordan Love, NFL debut for the Packers. Jonathan Alley, Jerry Judy, NFL debut, Red for the Broncos, also Jonathan R. Nollby, and Edwin James Overdrive for the Colts, Ethan Cook, Tua Bays for the Dolphins, Sean O'Leary, nice Justin Herbert, NFL debut, Silver for the Chargers, Chad Dahl, and Charles Woodson, Red for the Raiders, and Sean Sonendlich, another Herbert, that one's an introduction for the Chargers, Chad Dahl, Jonathan Taylor, NFL debut for the Colts, Ethan Cook, and Jake Fromm for the Bills, Chris Chin, and Anthony McFarland for the Steelers, and Garrett Strauss. Yeah, he's undersized and he's outnumbered, you know what I mean? During the pandemic, they did that documentary on inside the NBA, that kind of like little mini documentary that they did, they produced themselves, it was really good. What's up, Kamiano? How are you, man? Happy Wednesday, sir. Okay, second half. We got Will Fuller for the Texans, and Dwayne Richards, and Dion Sanders for the Falcons, Jose Rodriguez, Mahomes, Chiefs, Anthony Pashirek, and Cole Comet for the Bears, Taylor McMichael, and our second auto is Jeff Okuda for the Detroit Lions, and Aaron Whittington, Amari Cooper Silver for the Cowboys, Jonathan Liang and Peyton Manning, MVPs, Red for the Colts, Ethan Cook, Gardner Minshu Montage for the Jaguars, Karen Steele, Van Jefferson for the Rams, John Malfatano and C.D. Lamb for the Cowboys, Jonathan Liang, K.J. Hamler for the Broncos, Jonathan Arnaldi. Was that what it was? It was like kind of, it was really cool. Let's hope so. I always hope to hit for you and everybody else, right? Brandon Ayuk for the 49ers, Jonathan Pete and Davante Parker for the Dolphins, and Sean O'Leary, C.D. Lamb, Cowboys, Jonathan Liang, Emmett Smith in it to win it for the Cowboys, Jonathan Liang, Michael Pittman Jr. for the Colts, Ethan Cook in a nice Herbert NFL debut for the Chargers, Chad Dahl, Justin Jefferson for the Vikings, Roy D. Pietro, and another Justin Jefferson, this one's a Silver, Vikings again, Roy D. Pietro, Darius Leonard, Red for the Colts, Ethan Cook, and Herbert Base for the Chargers, Chad Dahl, LaDanian Tomlinson Silver for the Chargers, Chad Dahl, and Cole Comet, Red for the Bears, Taylor McMichael, Brett Favre, Stairmasters for the Packers, and Jonathan Arnaldi, Cam Acres for the Rams, John Malfatano, and there you go, that's Mosaic. So Select is the last really base heavy product, nothing, none of this is like really crazy, but after that it gets really, you know, six cards, seven cards, a box type thing, until we get out of 2020, and then we get into the one box of Legacy 2021, and even that's not crazy. That's a good thing, Freddie. Yeah, we got that one Silver, Herbert. Let's see if we can roll that into the Select box as well. Cool, Select it is. That's a Select mega box, give me one second. There you go. There's a hobby box. I had to go back and check, because I was like, I'm pretty sure it was a hobby. So there's our hobby box. One, two, three, four, five, six. I hope so. I really hope so. Maybe we can get some more attention on that right after this mixer. Dude, Paul George is so happy. Like you can't see it at all in his face or his voice, in like the interviews, but that guy is so happy to have done what he's done in the last three games. Even if they can only win this round, because Kawai's out for long term, that's a win for him. I hope so. Kamiano on top of that too. Instead of the random number blocks, we're not selling all 10 spots. We're only selling eight and we're giving away two. So if you buy two spots, you get a chance at winning another two and having four for the random number block in each one of them. You got Denzel Mims for the Jets, and Chris Maxwell, and out of 99, Jordan Love, Rookie Relic for the Packers, Jonathan Arnaldi, K.J. Hamler for the Broncos, that is Jonathan Arnaldi, J.K. Dobbins for the Ravens, Eric Serzowski, Anna-Marie Cooper for the Cowboys, that is Jonathan Lieng, Chase Young, Washington. Oh, shit, I got us a Zebra. I guess I got, I picked a good replacement box. It looks like it's a field level Zebra as well. Brian Edwards for the Raiders, Sham Sonnenblick, and nice, Antonio Gandy-Golden, Rookie Zebra field level. Oh, shit, we have two Zebras back to back. Wow, Washington, Antonio Gandy-Golden, Chris Maxwell, Kyler Murray, second year, Cardinals, Sean O'Leary, Aaron Rodgers for the Packers, Jonathan Arnaldi, Miles Garrett for the Browns, and Chris Maxwell, Lageria Steed for the Chiefs, Anthony Pasciorek, Jacob Eason for the Colts, Ethan Cook, Patrick Mahomes for the Chiefs, Anthony Pasciorek, and Daniel Jones for the Giants, and Aaron Whittington, CJ Henderson for the Jaguars, Karen Steele, Jordan Love for the Packers, Jonathan Arnaldi, Gabriel Davis for the Bills, Chris Chin and CJ Henderson for the Jags. It's pretty cool though, I'll take it. Two Zebras back to back, nobody's gonna be mad, especially Sean with the Cardinals and Chris with the Washington football team, right? I like it. Nice replacement box. I mean, that's somebody else's problem to deal with. We got the good box, somebody else got shorted, you know? Any word on what happened to the Grom? Chase Young, Washington, Chris Maxwell, you got Joe Montana Blue, that is out of 99, eight out of 99 for the 49ers, and Jonathan Pete, and very nice four-color patch auto for Kenyon Drake and the Arizona Cardinals. Obviously, that is Dolphin's colors, but this is going to the Arizona Cardinals and Sean O'Leary, that is 23 out of 25. LaMichele Pirine for the Jets and Chris Maxwell. Aaron Rodgers, Tri-Color to 199 for the Packers, Jonathan Arnaldi and Zach Motz for the Bills, Chris Chin, Jaylin Hertz, Field Level for the Eagles, Daniel Katz, and Jaylin Ragoir Red out of 149 for the Eagles, Daniel Katz, Darrell Taylor for the Seahawks, Chris Maxwell, Michael Pittman Jr. for the Colts, Ethan Cook and JJ Watt Silver for the Texans, Dwayne Richards. You got a JJ Watt White out of 35, 10 out of 35 for the Texans, Dwayne Richards, and 5 out of 10, Gold, Patch Auto, DK Metcalf, Seahawks, Chris Maxwell. There you go, Chris. Congratulations, dude. Joe Naiman, Silver for the Jets, Chris Maxwell, and Deandre Swift for the Lions, Aaron Whittington. I'd say that was a very good box. So it was a very, very good box. It's a high-end mixer for a reason. I mean, guess what, guys? We still got Panini 1. We still got honors. We still got gold standard first off the line. You got Prism T-Mall. Just going to keep going. Okay, so that was all the heavy stuff. Now we're just going straight into the meat. I know, right, Aaron? It's just like, yeah, Dolphin's Colors, Patch, everything. No, not really. I mean, it's 16 packs, but they're like five cards a pack or something like that. It's pretty simple. Select, I think, has more cards than that, right? So let's go Prism, or right around the same. Chase Claypool for the Steelers, Garrett Strauss, Devin DuBernay-Silver for the Ravens, Eric Swarzowski, and it's a rookie Anthony Gordon, which is numbered four out of eight for the Seahawks. I mean, it's a rookie, so it's really low numbered, but not specifically the one we were looking for. Seahawks is Chris Maxwell. So we've got a rookie, which is what we were hoping for. Just a different name. Gold standard, first off the line. You got AJ Eponessa, one out of 11 for the Buffalo Bills and Chris Chin. Khalil Mack, 36 out of 75 for the Chicago Bears and Taylor McMichael. White Gold Relic, Jason Witton, that is 102 out of 199 for the Dallas Cowboys. Jonathan Liang. You got Jalen Hertz, 75 out of 225 for the Eagles. Daniel Katz. Clyde Edward Gilaire, 153 out of 225 for the Chiefs. Anthony Pashirak. Looks like we do have some points here, which is obviously a bummer. 250 points. I'm not sure, I'm guessing that we're replacing a auto. I'm not sure if it's replacing an auto or a patch card, but 250 points. That'll be randomized to one person in the break at the end. And we've got a very nice patch auto of 14 out of 22, Van Jefferson for the Rams. And John Malfatano. Definitely don't like seeing points, but points in a first off the line box just feels a little bit weird. Hate to see it. Okay. Let's go honors. Those are the two. Those are the two in case cards. Here is a pack. No, definitely not. But yeah, those are some very nice patches for the Rams in that Van Jefferson. You've got Chris Streveller. We're digging for this one. Cardinals, Shanno Leary. That is 40 out of 70. Rookie and Lynn Bowden Jr. for the Dolphins. Maybe something monstrous in this. 13 out of 25 for the Dolphins and Shanno Leary. Exactly, Adam. That's what I'm saying. We're digging on that one. This is the non-Rookie. It's Ed Reid. That's 16 out of 20 on card auto. That's a 2003 score. Signature score by back. It's numbered 16 out of 20 in gold on the back as well. Hand numbered 16 out of 20 on the front by Ed Reid as well for the Baltimore Ravens and Aaron Serzowski. Jalen Rigor for the Eagles. Daniel Katz. That is seven out of 15. Rookie auto. Okay, now Panini 1. We are going up and down. It is award winner's Warren Moon, which is Houston Oilers, which obviously goes to the Tennessee Titans and Patrick Evans. Just to make sure that this doesn't have any confusion whatsoever. I'm going to put Tennessee on there. So for Tennessee, nice Warren Moon for you, Patrick. And last box, legacy. Let's finish off with a Trevor Lawrence, Mack Jones, Justin Fields, Trey Lance. Take any and all of them. I have not, but I'm excited for you. I'm hoping it's like a mixture of stuff, you know? All geared towards your cubbies, which would be cool. That's nice. We've got a mini of T.J. Vasher. That is 45 out of 50. T.J. Vasher is Dallas Cowboys and Jonathan Liang. You've got Trey Lance there for the 49ers. Jonathan Peats. Derek Henry for the Titans. Patrick Evans. Lamar Jackson, seven out of 10 for the Ravens. Eric Serzowski. Trey Lance. Little cracked ice. That is 11 out of 25. Very nice. 49ers. Jonathan Peats and Patrick Mahomes under the lights for the Chiefs. Anthony Pashier-Reck. 66 out of 100. Very nice. Trey Lance. And you got Jalen Waddle out of 199. That is Miami Dolphins. Sean O'Leary. That is 48 out of 199. Kyle Pitts for the Falcons. Jose Rodriguez. Justin Fields, Freddie. I haven't seen enough of him. I mean, I think he's going to be fine. I know everybody's worried about him being undersized and this and that, whatever else. I don't think that those are actual concerns that people should have, but people will always be concerned. I mean, there's still people out there that Freddie that think that Patrick Mahomes, that he's had the best years of his career and that he's all downhill from here. Opinions are worth whatever you put behind it, you know? Steve Largent to 150 for the Seahawks. Chris Maxwell. Yet Najee Harris for the Steelers. Garrett Strauss. And Brevin Jordan. Brevin Jordan is Houston Texans. Dwayne Richards. And Nico Collins is our second Otto. Nico Collins is Houston Texans as well in Dwayne Richards. Jalen Waddle again for the Dolphins. Sean O'Leary. Matthew Stafford for the Colts. 74 out of 199. Detroit Lions. Aaron Whittington. Mack Jones for the Patriots. That is Aaron Whittington. Ronald Jones to 299 for the Buccaneers. Chris Maxwell. There's another randomizer that we'll do at the end. Jamar Chase, that's for the Bengals. Steve Birch. And there we go. So that's our legacy box and that finishes off our mixer. We've got a couple randomizers to do to finalize our break. Okay, so we're going to do one left-right randomizer to encompass all of this. So left-right will be either Bills or Steelers, Cardinals, Falcons, Cowboys, Eagles, or Bengals, Vikings. And then we've got one other randomizer including everybody that is for the 250 points that we got in this break. So let's pop over here to the randomizer. Let's get the customer list. And then one for the left-right. Same dice roll for both randomizers. Two and a two four times. One, two, three, fourth and final time. It's going to go to the right side and four times on the points. Fourth and final time and that is Eric Szarzowski on top. You see four times in the randomizer and Eric on top. There you go guys. So that is our randomizers. So right side on the team randoms. Eric for the points. There you go. There you go. A little recap for you guys. Very nice nine box mixer. We had two zebras in the same select box. Back to back actually. One for the Cardinals, a Kyla Murray second year and one Antonio Gandy-Golden field level for the Washington football team. Nice Tre Lantz out of our only 2021 product. That was a gold out of 25. So that was a nice one for the 49ers. But here are our autos. Justin Jefferson out of 49 for the Vikings. Chase Young, rookie triple swatch auto out of XR for Washington. Shaquille Barrett for the Buccaneers. Jonathan Taylor for the Colts. Kenneth Murray for the Chargers. Shaquille Korderman for the Jaguars and Devin O'Zigbo for the Jaguars. Anthony Miller for the Bears. Jeff Ocuda for the Lions. Nice four color patch auto Kenyan Drake for the Arizona Cardinals out of 25 and DK Metcalf. Nice gold out of 10 for the Seahawks patch auto. Van Jefferson the 22th recolor patch or triple patch auto for the Rams. You got Ed Reed out of 20 for the Ravens part of honors recollection and Jalen Rhaegor for the Eagles. That is out of 15. Warren Moon for the Tennessee Titans and Jalen Waddle for the Dolphins to 199 and Nico Collins for the Houston Texans to finalize it. And there you go guys. That was the break. That was Jaspys Nine Box High End Quick Hit Football Mixer Random Team Edition from jaspyscasebreaks.com. I'm Sean, jaspyscasebreaks.com. Thanks for hanging out. We'll see you next time.

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WHOREible Decisions Sex Talk: Anal, Female Orgasm and BBW Sex

Listen to the latest episode of WHOREible decisions https://soundcloud.com/whoreibledecisions/ep148-youre-my-boyfriendddd-feat-b-simone In this sex talk Mandii from WHOREible Decisions discusses masturbating, threesomes, 1st time having sex, and gives pro advice ----------------------------------------­----------------------------------------­---------------- Follow Mandii https://soundcloud.com/whoreibledecis... http://instagram.com/whoreible_decisions http://twitter.com/whoreiblepod https://www.instagram.com/fullcourtpumps ----------------------------------------­----------------------------------------­---------------- Follow me elsewhere: http://instagram.com/shanBoody http://Facebook.com/ShanBoody http://Twitter.com/ShanBoody http://ShanBoody.com ______________________________________________________________ Shannon "Boody" Boodram is an intimacy and relationship educator who promotes sexual empowerment through information and conversation. She creates contents for young adults to make better choices in their intimate lives and romantic relationships. For more info on Shan visit http://shanboody.com/presskit ______________________________________________________________

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You were born sex positive I was born a freak. She's born. Yeah, I came out the womb Hi guys, this is Mandy B one half of the horrible decisions podcast. I'm excited I'm about to talk sex here with Shamboody So I hope that you guys enjoy if you like our conversation be sure to follow me at full-court pumps everywhere Hi there. Hey girl I'm so excited and that's excited with two s's to have you today I also feel like there's nothing I'm going to ask you that you haven't already covered now It's weird because the more I talk with people. I'm like, I've definitely said this already like fuck like Someone can I say yeah 100%? Okay? Okay? This is gonna be demonetized regardless Oh, okay, so we these interview as soon as the first three minutes began. I was like, yeah, this is demonetized Yeah, no, we don't make money on YouTube. Yeah, it's okay. They're like, oh, I'm talking about second deck again. Yeah So I'd like to start as far back as we possibly can And that to be said when is the first time that you acknowledged your sexuality your sexual self early? Like I think that this is also something that isn't talked about often I remember like hunching my teddy bears. I remember playing house With my mom's friends kids or my dad's girlfriend's kids and us like just Rubbing on each other because there's a sensation there and literally just trying to figure ourselves out I would sneak to watch porn when I went to my friend's house because her brother had a computer I don't know sneaking to walk talk sex with Sue Johansson and bliss that came on at night And it was super soft core porn because it played on TV But just like really being interested in sex and everything around it and again, I grew up in the 90s So uncut was on TV. I'm seeing ass. I'm seeing, you know, just beautiful human beings embrace their bodies and things like that So I knew for a while like that I would kind of be a sexual being You know, I remember having the talks with my teachers like I was fast and I was like I'm not even kissing or hunching or like I thought tongue kissing was the most disgusting thing in the world But it was also just my body So being in school, I couldn't wear short skirts that maybe a smaller girl could because of my curves I had probably see or de-bressed in Middle school and high school my thighs So I think just for a long time I was sexualized or deemed as someone sexual even when I wasn't trying to be But during that traditional period where you were getting all these negative messages You were being told that like your body needs to be covered up. Yeah, that you were fast Even though you weren't sexually active. Yes How was your friend circle around you and either debunking those myths or promoting them? Oh, no, they promoted them My friends definitely started having sex way before me. So it was just like a thing to do like by 16 I think Every one of my friends had sex. So I think that that conversation isn't even had like We're having sex early a lot of everyone that I know had sex early and we're acting like it's not happening It's happening So just having the conversations earlier because had me and my mom had the conversations that we're comfortable having now I Probably would have seen sex a lot differently But who's to say that she was in a space where she knew I don't think any of us really have that sex talk We learn sex as we go. Yes to me sex education is like the longest running bad joke Because your grandma and you can relate about how inept and shitty it was you and your mom can relate and probably you and your Friend who has a daughter's middle school? You guys can all be like it's a waste of time. It's a joke I didn't learn anything right, but we know through the power of research Conversation honest discussion a lot. How much is transformed so much our lives? Absolutely I just and that's why I think I'm so open with having all my conversations Because we shouldn't be disgusted or shamed about even the conversation of sex We should be able to talk about it the same way we talk about sports The same way we talk about our favorite books the same way we talk about our hobbies It's something that is a part of our life And I just hate that there is just the stigma the taboo the shame surrounding something that we all do You were born sex-positive I was born a freak. She's born. Yeah, I came out the womb Making sure something was in my mouth You had this notion in middle school that once you started having sex it would be opening Pandora's box Yes, so now take me through to the place where you started high school. Exactly is when I Had sex for the first time the first person I had sex with was actually my crush from middle school and He was maybe two grades above me, but I got to high school. I was braiding his hair So yeah, come on. Let me break your hair And there we go it happened I feel like it's It's probably the most Uncomfortable space to be having sex because I look back and there were older men that I was having sex with they were 21 22 I remember even What was it my junior or senior year of prom? My boyfriend was above the age to where he could even come. I think he was 22 And we look at a four-year gap as adults like oh, that's nothing but yeah when I'm an impressionable teenager and You may just be hotter to me because you have a car or your own apartment It's just like it it kind of sucks that those conversations aren't had more like don't go and fuck the guy who's 24 even though you're 17 that's not okay Yeah, you're still not at a space where you need to be dealing with someone at that age What would you say, you know if you met a 16 17 year old now who was having experiences of Active yeah, I think my immediate Question would be like what does that person want from you really just asking someone who's 16 or 17 years old Having sex with someone who's 22 23 24. Why why are you guys having sex? Like is he introducing you to people? Is this something that you do you view him as a life partner? Even looking at that we can have high school sweethearts and guys are age and like oh my god be obsessed with them But these older guys. I don't think those feelings were had With me or any of my friends. We were just hooking up with older guys Mm-hmm, and it was brag worthy because they had cars and jobs or their own apartments or oh my god They took me here, but it's they weren't they didn't have anything to them Did it make you feel like sex was all that you had to offer? For a little bit. Yes Yes, and then that's the thing too we come in thinking that our pussies are the best We come in thinking. Oh my body is banging They're gonna like view me as more than or if I if I'm sloppier with my head It's gonna be better than whoever else he's having sex with so yeah, we go in thinking that we're special I always say people too like sex is a part of a healthy balanced diet So it's like a full life you're focusing on your family your friends your career your self-growth your self-love your self-care And then sexuality should be a healthy component of it Do you feel like sex when you first began it was a healthy addition to your life? I mean, I just was having it. I was having sex with so many people And then I was just like why did I just I? Got nothing from it. I wasn't even coming. I wasn't orgasming at the young age I don't even think men were focused on whether I was pleased or not I was also getting head without being able to vocalize. I really don't even like head So I was allowing people to do things to me because they wanted to do it without me even being able to vocalize And I really don't even like that. Oh, you're hurting when you're stuck in my tip Outside of me just allowing him to suck on my titty Like there was a lot of things that I was allowing men to do that I didn't like but I figured if it was pleasing them and that's what they wanted to do I was gonna let them do it to me. So It was bad. It was a whole bunch of bad unhealthy Pointless sex When did you start defining what you like in sex and how did you find the courage to start vocalizing that maybe like 23-24 So it just started the narrative with the people I was talking to being able to say I like when you do this But I don't really like when you do this does it turn you on though? If it's something you like let's compromise So it almost became just more like let's make sure we're doing this for each other Yeah, not just for one person. I started having partners where they were just as open with experimenting They were open with both of us just seeing our limits and when I started getting those partners That's when I was like, oh, this is the sex. I want I don't want to go back Now you said you don't like oral was that before or I was getting no I don't like head. I like giving head. So and I deal with women too. So it's not even a man woman thing Who gives better head? I know I get up with penetration. So No, that's so amazing because with the whole like clitoris see movement of people understanding the clip and how it works now It's almost like it's shifted. So fast enough I had this conversation a day with somebody who was like men need to know more about the clip and I was like, right? Yes, yes, but no, yes, but no because it's like you can't also ignore the other percentage of the population Because in many ways the way that you orgasm is the enemy to majority of women and I say that like Horsesley because we're trying to you know, we as an I don't orgasm from penetration I require clitoris and like oral sex 100% of the time. Shut up and see. Yeah. Yeah, the way I'm saying shut up is the same way They're just like shut you don't need fucking ahead Yeah, this is book that's called come as you are and she says it's a base on the rule of thumb Okay, so the distance between your clitoris and your vaginal opening if it is shorter than the width of the thumb You will more than likely be able to orgasm via penetration Interesting. I'd be curious to know when you go to the bathroom. I'm gonna show you Oh, I was just gonna show you. Okay You tell me what does it look like girl like a thumb? Like a thumb space. No, that's very interesting. The clitoris probably too sensitive for you So that's the crazy part like it's so funny because as I talk sex people are like girl, you're fucking confusing Masturbating I only come off my clip. I don't like shoving anything in my pussy. So I don't use dildos I don't put vibrators in me. I like the sensation of a real actual cock Do you feel like your partners don't know how to Translate what you like when you self-pleasure into their action. I Don't know. So there's a whole like routine. I do like I'm so I'm very visual So I have to watch porn while I play with my clit and do you need a vibrator? So I have one now and it's it's changing my life I'm like I should probably get the fuck rid of it because I'm literally just like I don't really need you But I'm like, okay. No, I really just like the human body on top of me I Don't I haven't even tried to bring it in like like I said when I can have a hard Take that's what I want. I'm curious about you have gone through so many different changes a whole lot Yes, and you have gone through times of different Aspects mentally about sexuality. Basically your body has responded different to sex. Yes You also went through a very big weight loss. Yes. Well, too. Yes, I would love to know how that impacted your sexuality So yeah, I went from 230 pounds binding on only five foot one And now I'm about 155 so about 80 pounds I dropped but for a long time and even within my transition of losing weight. Um, I Realized the fetishism that existed with the men I was having sex with because they would tell me oh, don't lose any more weight like you're gonna lose your hips You're gonna lose your ass the things I like about you You're gonna lose or I remember even one guy who I had not even had sex with yet He's like, well, can you sit on my face before you lose all that weight? And it wasn't until I started losing weight that those things started coming to the forefront like Holy shit. I was I'm being fetishized people are using me But still also maybe not Promoting that they like bigger women. I remember wanting the lights off With having sex because I wasn't comfortable even though I portrayed a you know public, you know persona of Body positivity and confidence and as I walked in the room I struck my my you know size 18 jeans and things I wasn't happy inside and I'm seeing now too with sex like and how I choose my partners I'm more confident in myself of doing it But yeah, there's just a lot that's happened with over this last year and a half Do you notice difference in the way that your body feels like literally the sensations around sexuality have they changed? No, I still like to think I'm thick. So I'm still throwing that ass back But I noticed difference like in myself like I'm looking in the mirror now. You can have the light on I'm doing more positions. Like I'm finding ways to ride like I just rode a dick anally Never would have thought I was gonna do that in life What are some pro tips because I do think that you're a sex expert Okay, I'm gonna take it much better in bed than me a hundred percent I know that without a shadow of a doubt Jared by all means What are some tips you would give to somebody to say here's how you improve your bedroom badassery three tips Three tips communicate Whoever your partner is first of all, we need pro tips because we know that shit already Watching a channel Okay for oral To make it sloppier if you feel like oh my god My mouth is not wet if you take it and you only have to gag once put the dick to the very back of your throat Just go down once and you're gonna get a gag reflex But that's gonna create a lot of saliva in your mouth to where now you can spit on it If you want you can go down the shaft. So that would be for sloppy head Wow If you're interested in going below the balls and Possibly eating ass for the very first time when you go down there lick literally between the balls and the ass Get it really wet through the head keep all of this bit going make the balls Also very sloppy and then what's happening is that slide is going down to the ass So then you could even just rub this bit up and down the ass with your knuckles Don't scare them with the finger because they might think you're trying to poke But just with the knuckle just rub it and again that can be before you even go all the way down there Just to see if they're they're tempting up. Oh for the big girls First store when it comes to I would say either if you're having sex with someone much smaller than you Or maybe their dick is not as big as you would please Be a force and be dominant and spread your own cheeks So don't wait for the guy to figure out how to maneuver from the back I think it's very easy from the back to literally you can go and just spread even one and that helps them get deeper into your pussy It helps you feel more of whatever dick they are offering you but you take all control of your body And you go to spreading and helping Things get out of the way so he can get to your hole I love that safe just in general because when people say oh ban sexual partners It's like you are the consistent you were the commentator. You are actually experience you are So if he's not deep enough or you feel like maybe he's not getting it all in you have to also be there you're it's partnership Yeah, you're having sex. So yeah, he could probably be fucking you bad But you're really not you can help so yes You go back there and get that ass out the way so he can get deeper. So those are my three sex pro tips You

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Caught Up In Time | Sadhguru

Is time a game of our own creation, and have we gotten entangled in it? Sadhguru speaks about how various devices we created for our convenience - time, money, technology or comforts - can turn into burdens if we are unaware. #Sadhguru Yogi, mystic and visionary, Sadhguru is a spiritual master with a difference. An arresting blend of profundity and pragmatism, his life and work serves as a reminder that yoga is a contemporary science, vitally relevant to our times. Sadhguru Exclusive (Register Now) ⚡ http://isha.co/ex-yt Sadhguru App (Download) 📱 http://onelink.to/sadhguru__app Official Sadhguru Website 🌎 http://isha.sadhguru.org Donate Towards Crafting A Conscious Planet 🙏 http://isha.co/sanghamitra-yt Offerings from Sadhguru in Challenging Times 🌼 https://isha.sadhguru.org/sadhana-support Guided Yoga & Meditations by Sadhguru (Free Online) 🌼 http://isha.sadhguru.org/5-min-practices 🌼 http://isha.sadhguru.org/IshaKriya Inner Engineering Online Program 🌼 http://isha.co/IEO-YT (Register Now) Official Social Profiles of Sadhguru (Subscribe) 🌐 https://youtube.com/sadhguru?sub_confirmation=1 🌐 https://facebook.com/sadhguru 🌐 https://instagram.com/sadhguru 🌐 https://twitter.com/SadhguruJV 🌐 https://t.me/Sadhguru

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See, from where to where we jump in? Yes, definitely. Otherwise, how do I tell you what time to come for dinner? If we all become timeless, how to invite you for dinner, tell me. We don't have to be slaves to it. It's a device that we used for our convenience. See, if we don't divide this day into twenty-four hours, would you know when to come here for dinner? It's a convenience. Where is the question of enslavement? You may come when you're hungry, but there may be no dinner when you come. You may not feel hungry till one o'clock in the morning. That doesn't mean it's the dinner time here. See, any convenience that we create for yourself, time or money or a car or a technology that we created for our convenience, out of our unawareness, we get enslave to it. There is nothing wrong with the device that we created. There's nothing wrong with the car. There's nothing wrong with the money. There's nothing wrong with the time. You got enslave to it out of your unawareness. That's the problem, isn't it? Time is not the problem. Money is not the problem. Car is not the problem. Any other technology is not the problem. You got enslave to it. That is the problem. Enslavement happened because you're unaware. You know, unawareness is the problem. So how to become aware, what is this awareness? Awareness is in many different levels. What you are aware of is all that exists for you. This must be understood. Right now you are sitting here, don't turn back and see. Right now there is a huge dinosaur standing behind you. You are not aware of it. Does it exist for you? No. No. So it doesn't matter, such a huge animal is standing there, you are not aware of it so it doesn't exist for you. So only what you are aware of exists for you. Right now your awareness is limited to small aspect of your life. Whole aspect of spirituality means to become aware of everything that you are so that before you go you know life, you experience life in its totality, to live totally. To live and to live totally that spirituality so that you know life in all dimensions. You don't go just knowing a little part of your life, you want to know all of it. So if you want to know all of it, how? If we have to use an analogy, let's say we turn down the old age for the lights. Now let's say just one light is there, it just lights up only that much. Only that much we see. If you turn up the old age, suddenly you are able to see much more because the light has spread. So awareness is just like this. Right now your energy is your body, your emotion, your mind everything is functioning a certain limited old age. You crank up the old age suddenly you start seeing so many things which are not in your experience till that moment. So in a way to put it very simply to put it technically you need to turn up your old age. The old age, the life old age within you today she was saying she doesn't want to sleep because she wants to live. If you don't want to sleep, I don't want to sleep will not take away sleep. You turn up your old age, suddenly no sleep. You can turn up your old age simply with your enthusiasm but that will not take you all the way. There are other kinds of technologies to turn up your old age in a certain way where all the time you are high. See within myself right now I am absolutely drunk, not with alcohol okay? I never touched it. I am totally drunk within myself. Am I balanced enough and logical enough to handle any situation? Yes? So all the time I am fully drunk on one level, another level I am perfectly sane. If I want to flip any moment I will flip. If you are like this inside you are fully charged, outside you are controlled. This is what is needed in your life if you want to experience life in its totality. You have tried to exercise control over your life and you started putting this control over your very process of life. So life is happening like a trickle. Life within you should happen like a huge explosion but outside it is fully controlled. You will see initially when you go into your face like this even the outside tends to happen like an explosion for some time. But within a limited period of time you will gather control over it, outside is controlled, inside is an explosion. That's how it should be. Every moment of your life within you life should be an absolute explosion. Outside of you it is properly controlled. When it's like this you will get to use your physical body, your mind, your emotion everything that you have to its fullest extent. Things that you never thought you are capable of suddenly you start doing simply because your old age is full.

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Jonathan Thorpe | O'Reilly Velocity Conference 2013

Jonathan Thorpe, Serena Software, at O'Reilly Velocity Conference 2013, with John Furrier and Dave Vellante Dave Vellante and John Furrier talked with Jonathan Thorpe, DevOps Evangelist at Serena Software, during the Velocity Conference in Santa Clara, California, about DevOps, cloud, mobile and other trends in the business. Jonathan Thorpe is Product Marketing Manager for all things DevOps and Continuous Delivery at Serena Software. He previously worked as a Systems Analyst at Electric Cloud, specializing in DevOps-related solutions. In the past there's been a split between the Dev and the Ops teams. Thorpe admits finding himself often falling through that gap, because of his mixed experience. But the trend is now for companies to tear down the silos, and to give the teams limited access to their share of workflow, in order to be more efficient. There are a couple of companies which apply these procedures, in a more collaborative way, but they are not even aware of the term DevOps. They just approached it as a practice. DevOps, OpenStack & Mobile One of the hottest topics in DevOps is OpenStack, and that's due credit to the developers. Thorpe believes that the cloud part of Open Stack is basically providing the resources. DevOps is driven by more releases, which in turn requires more infrastructure. Cloud is just an enabler of the processes encompassed by DevOps. One of the key interests for Thorpe at Velocity Conference is Mobile. There's a lot of talks going on, one of them titled "How to get mobile high performing pages," and it's basically turning an art into a set of best practices. Thorpe was shocked to discover that the typical web page has now a 1,5 Mb download. People are increasingly impatient, and if a webpage does not load fast, they just assume it's broken and leave. The business value in code Serena focuses on the enterprise customers. As far as enterprise goes, Vellante identified three trends: 1. business value (saving costs, driving revenue, improving quality, speeding development, etc), 2. passion (what is going to excite my people) and 3. the skills, knowledge and tools needed to deploy A radical view of DevOps that Vellante shared is the fact that "if it's not a project that drives value, that excites my people and uses the new methods and new tools, I'm going to outsource it; I'm not going to spend time with it because it's not going to drive my organization forward." The statement resonated with Thorpe, as "it's all about delivering business value faster." Talking about Serena, Thorpe mentioned that the company's core change and release management solutions empower IT organizations to embrace DevOps, providing a common process layer across all the different organizations. Serena has a long history helping enterprises with release management and with modern release automation. Cross-training people and eliminating Ops and Devs completely is overzealous, believes Thorpe. What has changed in the DevOps environment is the developers' realization that the cool code is not what generates business value.

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Okay, welcome back to theCUBE. We're live here in Santa Clara Convention Center. This is theCUBE at Velocity Conference, a Riley medias show around DevOps, CloudOps, application developers, really the operational systems and technologies of the web, mobile, all one and the same, all under a new paradigm. I'm John Furrier, the founder of SiliconANGLE. I'm joined by my co-host. Hi everybody, I'm Dave Vellante at Wikibon.org. Jonathan Thorpe is here. He's the DevOps evangelist at Serena Software. Jonathan, welcome to theCUBE. Let's talk DevOps. We love the topic. Okay, nice to be here. Good, so talk about your role at Serena Software. That's, I love the title. Okay, so at Serena Software, I work as part of the marketing organization and before that, I've actually been a DevOps practitioner for many years, but now what I'm actually doing is engaging with the community, going around events like DevOps days, Velocity and FlowCon and talking to a lot of the people of DevOps practitioners and making sure that Serena has its finger on the pulse of what's happening in the DevOps world. So tell me, what does DevOps mean to you in Serena Software? You're a practitioner of DevOps, what is it to you? Well, part of me, when I've worked in DevOps in the past, it's been, well before DevOps I should say, there's always been that divide between the dev and the operations teams and I found myself usually falling in between that gap because I have dev and ops experience. You were the hybrid. Yes, exactly. So essentially what you did in the finding is what I've always called the coalition of the willing where even if your organizations were not open to more collaboration, you'd usually find some like-minded people to actually try and work together and if you look at actually what that means, people tearing down the silos, giving each other limited access to each of the group's tools, it's not like DevOps actually is basically, but that was much more ad hoc and should I say perilous basically because when people found out you are bending the rules in order to try and be more effective, sometimes people loved it, sometimes people hated it. So there's a spectrum of DevOps, right? There's what you just described is sort of the initial collaboration, sharing of tools, sharing, like-minded people want to get some stuff done in a better fashion and then there's the other end of the spectrum which is sort of hyper DevOps where you're cross-training and it's essentially one role and so talk about that, I'm sure, in between. So talk about that spectrum, where are organizations relative to that spectrum? Are they just thinking about maybe collaborating or is the bell curve such that 10% are actually in that hyper DevOps cycle? So what I'm finding is I can't stride a lot more on sort of the enterprise side of things and there are quite a few companies that are doing DevOps in the way I described to the collaboration way of doing things but they're actually not really even aware of the term DevOps for large part. They're doing DevOps like practices but you know, you introduce the term and they don't know what it is really. And then you get places like FamilyServe, chance.sg.com. I like to use those as examples because they're companies that you really wouldn't think are traditional, they're not really companies that really do high performance things as far as really pushing out a lot of releases but they really push the edge with the mixtures of commercial and open source tools to deliver an absolute ton of updates really, really frequently. So it's hitting places where you wouldn't necessarily expect. It's left the Etsys and the Amazons and the Googles and it's out in the wild. John, I got to ask you mentioned you're going out to the community and talking to folks. Obviously one of the hottest trends in DevOps is OpenStack. In terms of the conversations, OpenStack has generated a lot of the lift in terms of folks in the build your own cloud and that's the developers basically. And the developers are saying, hey, we love Amazon, we've been using Amazon all day long, thank you very much. Varun or Vogels and everyone else in the Amazon team has been fantastic. When you start to get into the enterprises where it needs to be industrial strength, the SLAs, all the other things happening. So OpenStack's important. What's your take on OpenStack? And is that DevOps? Is that not DevOps? Is that kind of on the edge? Well, the cloud part of it is, that's about providing resources. Now, if you think about driven DevOps, it's the more releases, more frequently more releases and that actually requires more infrastructure whether it's physical or virtual to actually process all of those builds or the push between dev to different QA environments and financial production. So, cloud, just like release automation and other tools like Pop and Chef, they're just enablers of an effective process that's sort of encompassed by DevOps. What about Node.js? What are you seeing in the Node community? Okay, I'm sort of a little outside that community. I've played a little bit myself, but that's my experience with the Node community is literally just to playing with the code myself. We've had Tom from SOAST to Ani was saying, get it out there fast, that's which is agile or time to market and make it highly high quality. Big focus of developers, high quality and fast. Any things that you're seeing here at Velocity that gets your eye, captures your attention in terms of hitting that mark? Well, there's a lot of best practices going and what's really impressed me at one of my key areas that I'm interested in personally is mobile and a lot of the analysis on how to get high performing mobile webpages, a lot of the different ideas for analyzing the problems that you're getting, the page load times. Now it's really interesting that actually turning it for more of an art into a set of best practices so that you don't have to spend so much of your time really trying to guess at what's going to work. I mean, I was really shocked to actually hear earlier that your typical webpage now has a one and a half megabyte download. You know, that's huge basically if you're looking at page load times. So this is really interesting. 50 megabytes if you're a gamer. Yeah. That's a Google told us. So I mean, this is really interesting as far as trying to make sure that you get something out that not only meets application quality but also performance quality because if your pages take too long to load people just assume it's broken quite often. And that's, you know, I came across that back working in the web in the early 2000s and it's just as true now. People are even more impatient. So there's this big cultural shift going on with DevOps. You know, you were talking about, you know that you focus on the enterprise and the enterprise customers that I talked to that are actually doing DevOps, they really look at it in sort of three dimensions. One is the business value. How's it going to save cost, drive revenues, you know, improve quality, speed development, et cetera, this clear business case that they can make. And that's what enterprise IT people do, is they make business cases and then they invest. The second thing they look at is passion. What's going to excite my people? And the third is, okay, what kind of skills and knowledge and tools do I need to deploy? And many of the guys that are succeeding in DevOps are saying if it's not a project that drives value, excites my people and uses these sort of new methods and new tools, I'm going to outsource it. I don't want to spend time with it because it's not going to drive my organization forward. Now that is sort of a radical view of the development cycle within the enterprise. But so first of all, does that resonate with you? And second of all, given the successes that enterprises have had with DevOps, what's holding people back? Okay, so that definitely does resonate with me. I mean, it's all about delivering business value faster. And yes, that's a lot of work to sort of get this sort of thing started. So you definitely need people to be passionate about it. Now, one of the things that you mentioned was the skills involved, people using the latest technology. Outside of Silicon Valley and some of the larger areas that are maybe some of the financial companies that are in the hot areas like New York on occasions, you've got people that are, they have skills, but there are not that many people actually in the teams that know how to hook all these disparate open source systems together. And that's where the opportunity is for a company like Serena, where we handle the whole workflow management side of it and the integrations, a lot of the process things. When I was talking to Patrick de Bois at DevOps days, Austin, he agreed that that's the bit that's not sexy. The people doing DevOps like to talk about Puppet and Chef and to actually have vendors that can actually take care of the framework sort of things and the integrations that lets them focus on what they're passionate about and what they're interested in. So the exact scenario you described is what we see as the opportunity there. So talk more about Serena and how you add value. So let's say I'm a CIO and I'm saying, hey, this DevOps thing sounds pretty good to me, but I'm getting all these cultural issues. I got my guys are in silos and they're fighting me. How can you help me break through some of those barriers? Okay, so obviously we're sensitive to the cultural side of things, which you can't solve that with technology. That's kind of my problem, right, as the CIO, but any advice you can give me, but go ahead. But what we actually can do there is we can provide a common process layer across all the different organizations that are interested in being able to see where your releases are, whether you're at the CIO level, or you're the project manager side of things, we can track all the way through no matter what group you're in and provide a common high level framework for you to move through. And then at that point, you're providing visibility to people in the format that they need and the underlying tools that are maybe department specific. They're not exposed to them, basically. They're taking a higher level, a higher business level view of where things are. And also, it takes away some of the pains of the staffing. Remember if you're using something like a Surina release automation tool, that actually does a lot of the integration out of the box, sort of the different systems that enterprises have. Remember it's if you get something that's open source and we love open source, but they usually have some troubles integrating with some of the bigger systems out there because people writing it don't necessarily have access to SAP other than the enterprise class systems. So if you get somebody like a Surina that really has the toolbox so that you integrate with whatever number of systems you have, especially if it's on enterprise scale, once it moves out from a team in the enterprise or two but into every aspect of the enterprise that could use DevOps, then you need those out of the box integrations that are tested. So is this common process layer that you're talking about? Is that a first step in actually moving toward a DevOps environment? Or is it, there's got to be some skills, training, involved as well. But talk about sort of. But I mean, if you can at least start to smooth out the silo, you know, the gap, the arguments between the teams by having a common process that they can all agree on and whether that's got lower level processes that each team cares about in detail. And they can cling on to. Yeah. But that's what you're doing, right? They're clinging on to these old processes. But they work, and that's why they're clinging on to them. This is working. Let's not screw that. So it's essentially you're describing an abstraction layer across the silos that begins to break down some of those silos in a way and foster communications and knowledge sharing across those silos. Is that fair? Yes, and the benefit is that you're putting out more releases, you're getting visibility because it's all going through that common process above, you can get the approval. So you're getting visibility, not just smoothing out where the silos, you know, but you're getting visibility and control as well. Ultimately, again, let's say as a CIO, is it not my objective over, let's say a five year plan to eliminate the barriers between ops and dev and actually cross train people such that my high performance team is essentially can do both jobs. So that I don't have to have separate organizations. Is that too lofty? Is that overzealous or is that actually what CIO should be pushing for? I believe it's overzealous actually. It's not, having that wide range of skills across all those teams, it's not in everybody's skill set. You know, it's not what everybody's interested in. And you know, there's already a shortage of people working in the industry basically. If we try to actually limit that to just like people that are passionate about dev and ops, I mean, everybody needs to be passionate about adding business value. You know, but maybe taking it to that extreme where everybody needs to be fully cross trained would make kind of current skills really less. What if I doubled everybody's pay? What if I doubled everybody's pay and said, you're not going to work for me unless you're of this ilk? Would I be able to justify the business value? I bet you in some industries I would. Yes, you would. But I honestly think that the current skills that are coming, you know, they're in the market and the tools that are available really aren't going to support that. Yeah, okay. Maybe there's an investment in training that has to occur as well. If you don't mind me adding, what I did, I was with Dave Nielsen of who does Cloud Camp. It's a five year, it's basically. Cloud Camp, you know, Cloud Camp. Yeah, absolutely. Cloud Club, early days. Now it was DevOps, you know, pre-Hiruku, pre-everything, Amazon was just making their bones and their right scale was just entering. You know, you had things like, I mean, little things were like provisioning and there was a core group of people that early on were really setting the kernel, the foundation for that movement. And that's why I brought up the OpenStack question because OpenStack has similar mindsets. It was a lot of cloud washing at first. It felt like a marketing program for a lot of people. But what happened was you saw the community galvanize around it. And we are so pro-Open Source because we've seen it work, right? Look at Cloud Era. I was talking about Mike Olson early this morning. I just stepped down as CEO because it's got new guys who are going to take it public. But Open Source is the new standards bodies, right? That is what is happening. In the old days you had these standard bodies, these high priests that would anoint standards. You know, IEEE, ITF, all these boys. And that's gone. It's the communities now. It's been sure enough with Open Source. So obviously DevOps has accelerated. So the question I have for you is, what has changed today? Just from two years ago, we did two years ago, we brought theCUBE when theCUBE was early on in our formation, going to events. We went to an event no one's ever heard of called Node Summit. That was the guys just doing the notes. That was the beginning of JavaScript going server-side. So go back two years to today. What's different for, not no, but DevOps in general. What can you share, given your feedback of the market and evangelizing? I think what's actually different is, I think finally developers are understanding that it's not about writing cool code. There is real, there is business value. And that's, you know, it's not seen as, people haven't got their heads down in their silos so much. People are open to their business value. And then you've got bugs like the Phoenix project by Gene Kim, which actually go a long way as far as articulating to everybody, you know, what the business value of IT is in general. And that's, you know, that's getting people, that's the start, getting people out of their silos and actually looking at the business value. Now people are realizing that if they don't, before when you're traditional waterfall, you can actually work on a project for like a year or two years or whatever, writing your cool code that you are happy with. Really didn't matter whether added value to the customers from the guy on the ground. I tell you, that's a real home run, that business value is a constant that has to be had. We were yesterday at GE, had the industrial cloud of the Internet of Things event and Wikibon's Jeff Kelly was talking about big data. And he gave the example, he said, hey, you know, big data value can be looked at from a couple of perspectives. One is serving the right ad to the right user. And if that doesn't work, big deal, you get a bad ad. But what about delivering medicine to a patient, a critical patient, and that gets messed up via some app? That's critical. So what's the value? Or a jet that has turbines and the engines, the data from the engines doesn't get delivered because it's ops not working. I mean, that's critical danger. That's value. Yes, and the key thing is right now with the pace of deliveries with web 2.0, is you're going to get called on working on something that doesn't add value much faster. And I think that's why people have stopped data. The utility of the application market right now is so, so focused on this and I think it's very relevant. So my final question I want to ask you, Jonathan, because we've got a break, our next guest is, tell the folks out there what's going on at Velocity this year? What is it about here? Why is this show so special? And why isn't this just some like a cloud show or an app show? Why is it different? And what's so important about Velocity? Well, what's something Velocity apart right now is that each session I've been to has added some real value, real technical value there for the people that are attending. It seems to be very much in tune with the people that are here, giving the right tricks and tips. Everybody seems to be very enthusiastic about all the sessions. You know, I mean, you could be a little concerned by, hey, the sessions all, you know, a lot of the people giving sessions are the sponsors. But a lot of the sponsors are people really doing cutting edge, you know, application development and deployment. And that's what's important here. You're really getting a good sense of the people that are here, they're pushing the boundaries and they're sharing what they're doing to push the boundaries and helping move everybody forward. Jonathan, thanks for coming on theCUBE. We really appreciate it. This is live coverage of Velocity Conference of Riley Media's great event around Dev Ops, infrastructure as code, applications and really powering web scale, hyper-scales, even small-scale, it's got business value. This is the new integrated technologies, design meets infrastructure. We'll be right back here inside theCUBE, our flagship program. We go out through the events and start to see from the noise. I'm John Furrier with Dave Vellante. We'll be right back.

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Clipping Coupons in 2018

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