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One of the most common forms of text classification is sentiment analysis, which assigns a label like "positive", "negative",
or "neutral" to a sequence of text. Let's write a prompt that instructs the model to classify a given text (a movie review).
We'll start by giving the instruction, and then specifying the text to classify. Note that instead of leaving it at that, we're
also adding the beginning of the response - `"Sentiment: "`:
```python
>>> torch.manual_seed(0) # doctest: +IGNORE_RESULT
>>> prompt = """Classify the text into neutral, negative or positive.
... Text: This movie is definitely one of my favorite movies of its kind. The interaction between respectable and morally strong characters is an ode to chivalry and the honor code amongst thieves and policemen.
... Sentiment:
... """
>>> sequences = pipe(
... prompt,
... max_new_tokens=10,
... )
>>> for seq in sequences:
... print(f"Result: {seq['generated_text']}")
Result: Classify the text into neutral, negative or positive.
Text: This movie is definitely one of my favorite movies of its kind. The interaction between respectable and morally strong characters is an ode to chivalry and the honor code amongst thieves and policemen.
Sentiment:
Positive
```
As a result, the output contains a classification label from the list we have provided in the instructions, and it is a correct one!
<Tip>
You may notice that in addition to the prompt, we pass a `max_new_tokens` parameter. It controls the number of tokens the
model shall generate, and it is one of the many text generation parameters that you can learn about
in [Text generation strategies](../generation_strategies) guide.
</Tip> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/tasks/prompting.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/tasks/prompting/#text-classification | #text-classification | .md | 100_5 |
Named Entity Recognition (NER) is a task of finding named entities in a piece of text, such as a person, location, or organization.
Let's modify the instructions in the prompt to make the LLM perform this task. Here, let's also set `return_full_text = False`
so that output doesn't contain the prompt:
```python
>>> torch.manual_seed(1) # doctest: +IGNORE_RESULT
>>> prompt = """Return a list of named entities in the text.
... Text: The Golden State Warriors are an American professional basketball team based in San Francisco.
... Named entities:
... """
>>> sequences = pipe(
... prompt,
... max_new_tokens=15,
... return_full_text = False,
... )
>>> for seq in sequences:
... print(f"{seq['generated_text']}")
- Golden State Warriors
- San Francisco
```
As you can see, the model correctly identified two named entities from the given text. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/tasks/prompting.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/tasks/prompting/#named-entity-recognition | #named-entity-recognition | .md | 100_6 |
Another task LLMs can perform is translation. You can choose to use encoder-decoder models for this task, however, here,
for the simplicity of the examples, we'll keep using Falcon-7b-instruct, which does a decent job. Once again, here's how
you can write a basic prompt to instruct a model to translate a piece of text from English to Italian:
```python
>>> torch.manual_seed(2) # doctest: +IGNORE_RESULT
>>> prompt = """Translate the English text to Italian.
... Text: Sometimes, I've believed as many as six impossible things before breakfast.
... Translation:
... """
>>> sequences = pipe(
... prompt,
... max_new_tokens=20,
... do_sample=True,
... top_k=10,
... return_full_text = False,
... )
>>> for seq in sequences:
... print(f"{seq['generated_text']}")
A volte, ho creduto a sei impossibili cose prima di colazione.
```
Here we've added a `do_sample=True` and `top_k=10` to allow the model to be a bit more flexible when generating output. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/tasks/prompting.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/tasks/prompting/#translation | #translation | .md | 100_7 |
Similar to the translation, text summarization is another generative task where the output **heavily** relies on the input,
and encoder-decoder models can be a better choice. However, decoder-style models can be used for this task as well.
Previously, we have placed the instructions at the very beginning of the prompt. However, the very end of the prompt can
also be a suitable location for instructions. Typically, it's better to place the instruction on one of the extreme ends.
```python
>>> torch.manual_seed(3) # doctest: +IGNORE_RESULT
>>> prompt = """Permaculture is a design process mimicking the diversity, functionality and resilience of natural ecosystems. The principles and practices are drawn from traditional ecological knowledge of indigenous cultures combined with modern scientific understanding and technological innovations. Permaculture design provides a framework helping individuals and communities develop innovative, creative and effective strategies for meeting basic needs while preparing for and mitigating the projected impacts of climate change.
... Write a summary of the above text.
... Summary:
... """
>>> sequences = pipe(
... prompt,
... max_new_tokens=30,
... do_sample=True,
... top_k=10,
... return_full_text = False,
... )
>>> for seq in sequences:
... print(f"{seq['generated_text']}")
Permaculture is an ecological design mimicking natural ecosystems to meet basic needs and prepare for climate change. It is based on traditional knowledge and scientific understanding.
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/tasks/prompting.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/tasks/prompting/#text-summarization | #text-summarization | .md | 100_8 |
For question answering task we can structure the prompt into the following logical components: instructions, context, question, and
the leading word or phrase (`"Answer:"`) to nudge the model to start generating the answer:
```python
>>> torch.manual_seed(4) # doctest: +IGNORE_RESULT
>>> prompt = """Answer the question using the context below.
... Context: Gazpacho is a cold soup and drink made of raw, blended vegetables. Most gazpacho includes stale bread, tomato, cucumbers, onion, bell peppers, garlic, olive oil, wine vinegar, water, and salt. Northern recipes often include cumin and/or pimentón (smoked sweet paprika). Traditionally, gazpacho was made by pounding the vegetables in a mortar with a pestle; this more laborious method is still sometimes used as it helps keep the gazpacho cool and avoids the foam and silky consistency of smoothie versions made in blenders or food processors.
... Question: What modern tool is used to make gazpacho?
... Answer:
... """
>>> sequences = pipe(
... prompt,
... max_new_tokens=10,
... do_sample=True,
... top_k=10,
... return_full_text = False,
... )
>>> for seq in sequences:
... print(f"Result: {seq['generated_text']}")
Result: Modern tools often used to make gazpacho include
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/tasks/prompting.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/tasks/prompting/#question-answering | #question-answering | .md | 100_9 |
Reasoning is one of the most difficult tasks for LLMs, and achieving good results often requires applying advanced prompting techniques, like
[Chain-of-thought](#chain-of-thought).
Let's try if we can make a model reason about a simple arithmetics task with a basic prompt:
```python
>>> torch.manual_seed(5) # doctest: +IGNORE_RESULT
>>> prompt = """There are 5 groups of students in the class. Each group has 4 students. How many students are there in the class?"""
>>> sequences = pipe(
... prompt,
... max_new_tokens=30,
... do_sample=True,
... top_k=10,
... return_full_text = False,
... )
>>> for seq in sequences:
... print(f"Result: {seq['generated_text']}")
Result:
There are a total of 5 groups, so there are 5 x 4=20 students in the class.
```
Correct! Let's increase the complexity a little and see if we can still get away with a basic prompt:
```python
>>> torch.manual_seed(6) # doctest: +IGNORE_RESULT
>>> prompt = """I baked 15 muffins. I ate 2 muffins and gave 5 muffins to a neighbor. My partner then bought 6 more muffins and ate 2. How many muffins do we now have?"""
>>> sequences = pipe(
... prompt,
... max_new_tokens=10,
... do_sample=True,
... top_k=10,
... return_full_text = False,
... )
>>> for seq in sequences:
... print(f"Result: {seq['generated_text']}")
Result:
The total number of muffins now is 21
```
This is a wrong answer, it should be 12. In this case, this can be due to the prompt being too basic, or due to the choice
of model, after all we've picked the smallest version of Falcon. Reasoning is difficult for models of all sizes, but larger
models are likely to perform better. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/tasks/prompting.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/tasks/prompting/#reasoning | #reasoning | .md | 100_10 |
In this section of the guide we have compiled a list of best practices that tend to improve the prompt results:
* When choosing the model to work with, the latest and most capable models are likely to perform better.
* Start with a simple and short prompt, and iterate from there.
* Put the instructions at the beginning of the prompt, or at the very end. When working with large context, models apply various optimizations to prevent Attention complexity from scaling quadratically. This may make a model more attentive to the beginning or end of a prompt than the middle.
* Clearly separate instructions from the text they apply to - more on this in the next section.
* Be specific and descriptive about the task and the desired outcome - its format, length, style, language, etc.
* Avoid ambiguous descriptions and instructions.
* Favor instructions that say "what to do" instead of those that say "what not to do".
* "Lead" the output in the right direction by writing the first word (or even begin the first sentence for the model).
* Use advanced techniques like [Few-shot prompting](#few-shot-prompting) and [Chain-of-thought](#chain-of-thought)
* Test your prompts with different models to assess their robustness.
* Version and track the performance of your prompts. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/tasks/prompting.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/tasks/prompting/#best-practices-of-llm-prompting | #best-practices-of-llm-prompting | .md | 100_11 |
The basic prompts in the sections above are the examples of "zero-shot" prompts, meaning, the model has been given
instructions and context, but no examples with solutions. LLMs that have been fine-tuned on instruction datasets, generally
perform well on such "zero-shot" tasks. However, you may find that your task has more complexity or nuance, and, perhaps,
you have some requirements for the output that the model doesn't catch on just from the instructions. In this case, you can
try the technique called few-shot prompting.
In few-shot prompting, we provide examples in the prompt giving the model more context to improve the performance.
The examples condition the model to generate the output following the patterns in the examples.
Here's an example:
```python
>>> torch.manual_seed(0) # doctest: +IGNORE_RESULT
>>> prompt = """Text: The first human went into space and orbited the Earth on April 12, 1961.
... Date: 04/12/1961
... Text: The first-ever televised presidential debate in the United States took place on September 28, 1960, between presidential candidates John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon.
... Date:"""
>>> sequences = pipe(
... prompt,
... max_new_tokens=8,
... do_sample=True,
... top_k=10,
... )
>>> for seq in sequences:
... print(f"Result: {seq['generated_text']}")
Result: Text: The first human went into space and orbited the Earth on April 12, 1961.
Date: 04/12/1961
Text: The first-ever televised presidential debate in the United States took place on September 28, 1960, between presidential candidates John F. Kennedy and Richard Nixon.
Date: 09/28/1960
```
In the above code snippet we used a single example to demonstrate the desired output to the model, so this can be called a
"one-shot" prompting. However, depending on the task complexity you may need to use more than one example.
Limitations of the few-shot prompting technique:
- While LLMs can pick up on the patterns in the examples, these technique doesn't work well on complex reasoning tasks
- Few-shot prompting requires creating lengthy prompts. Prompts with large number of tokens can increase computation and latency. There's also a limit to the length of the prompts.
- Sometimes when given a number of examples, models can learn patterns that you didn't intend them to learn, e.g. that the third movie review is always negative. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/tasks/prompting.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/tasks/prompting/#few-shot-prompting | #few-shot-prompting | .md | 100_12 |
Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting is a technique that nudges a model to produce intermediate reasoning steps thus improving
the results on complex reasoning tasks.
There are two ways of steering a model to producing the reasoning steps:
- few-shot prompting by illustrating examples with detailed answers to questions, showing the model how to work through a problem.
- by instructing the model to reason by adding phrases like "Let's think step by step" or "Take a deep breath and work through the problem step by step."
If we apply the CoT technique to the muffins example from the [reasoning section](#reasoning) and use a larger model,
such as (`tiiuae/falcon-180B-chat`) which you can play with in the [HuggingChat](https://huggingface.co/chat/),
we'll get a significant improvement on the reasoning result:
```text
Let's go through this step-by-step:
1. You start with 15 muffins.
2. You eat 2 muffins, leaving you with 13 muffins.
3. You give 5 muffins to your neighbor, leaving you with 8 muffins.
4. Your partner buys 6 more muffins, bringing the total number of muffins to 14.
5. Your partner eats 2 muffins, leaving you with 12 muffins.
Therefore, you now have 12 muffins.
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/tasks/prompting.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/tasks/prompting/#chain-of-thought | #chain-of-thought | .md | 100_13 |
You can achieve great results by optimizing your prompts, however, you may still ponder whether fine-tuning a model
would work better for your case. Here are some scenarios when fine-tuning a smaller model may be a preferred option:
- Your domain is wildly different from what LLMs were pre-trained on and extensive prompt optimization did not yield sufficient results.
- You need your model to work well in a low-resource language.
- You need the model to be trained on sensitive data that is under strict regulations.
- You have to use a small model due to cost, privacy, infrastructure or other limitations.
In all of the above examples, you will need to make sure that you either already have or can easily obtain a large enough
domain-specific dataset at a reasonable cost to fine-tune a model. You will also need to have enough time and resources
to fine-tune a model.
If the above examples are not the case for you, optimizing prompts can prove to be more beneficial. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/tasks/prompting.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/tasks/prompting/#prompting-vs-fine-tuning | #prompting-vs-fine-tuning | .md | 100_14 |
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|
[[open-in-colab]]
Image feature extraction is the task of extracting semantically meaningful features given an image. This has many use cases, including image similarity and image retrieval. Moreover, most computer vision models can be used for image feature extraction, where one can remove the task-specific head (image classification, object detection etc) and get the features. These features are very useful on a higher level: edge detection, corner detection and so on. They may also contain information about the real world (e.g. what a cat looks like) depending on how deep the model is. Therefore, these outputs can be used to train new classifiers on a specific dataset.
In this guide, you will:
- Learn to build a simple image similarity system on top of the `image-feature-extraction` pipeline.
- Accomplish the same task with bare model inference. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/tasks/image_feature_extraction.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/tasks/image_feature_extraction/#image-feature-extraction | #image-feature-extraction | .md | 101_1 |
We have two images of cats sitting on top of fish nets, one of them is generated.
```python
from PIL import Image
import requests
img_urls = ["https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/cats.png", "https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/cats.jpeg"]
image_real = Image.open(requests.get(img_urls[0], stream=True).raw).convert("RGB")
image_gen = Image.open(requests.get(img_urls[1], stream=True).raw).convert("RGB")
```
Let's see the pipeline in action. First, initialize the pipeline. If you don't pass any model to it, the pipeline will be automatically initialized with [google/vit-base-patch16-224](google/vit-base-patch16-224). If you'd like to calculate similarity, set `pool` to True.
```python
import torch
from transformers import pipeline
from accelerate.test_utils.testing import get_backend
# automatically detects the underlying device type (CUDA, CPU, XPU, MPS, etc.)
DEVICE, _, _ = get_backend()
pipe = pipeline(task="image-feature-extraction", model_name="google/vit-base-patch16-384", device=DEVICE, pool=True)
```
To infer with `pipe` pass both images to it.
```python
outputs = pipe([image_real, image_gen])
```
The output contains pooled embeddings of those two images.
```python
# get the length of a single output
print(len(outputs[0][0]))
# show outputs
print(outputs)
# 768
# [[[-0.03909236937761307, 0.43381670117378235, -0.06913255900144577,
```
To get the similarity score, we need to pass them to a similarity function.
```python
from torch.nn.functional import cosine_similarity
similarity_score = cosine_similarity(torch.Tensor(outputs[0]),
torch.Tensor(outputs[1]), dim=1)
print(similarity_score)
# tensor([0.6043])
```
If you want to get the last hidden states before pooling, avoid passing any value for the `pool` parameter, as it is set to `False`by default. These hidden states are useful for training new classifiers or models based on the features from the model.
```python
pipe = pipeline(task="image-feature-extraction", model_name="google/vit-base-patch16-224", device=DEVICE)
outputs = pipe(image_real)
```
Since the outputs are unpooled, we get the last hidden states where the first dimension is the batch size, and the last two are the embedding shape.
```python
import numpy as np
print(np.array(outputs).shape)
# (1, 197, 768)
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/tasks/image_feature_extraction.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/tasks/image_feature_extraction/#image-similarity-using-image-feature-extraction-pipeline | #image-similarity-using-image-feature-extraction-pipeline | .md | 101_2 |
We can also use `AutoModel`class of transformers to get the features. `AutoModel` loads any transformers model with no task-specific head, and we can use this to get the features.
```python
from transformers import AutoImageProcessor, AutoModel
processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained("google/vit-base-patch16-224")
model = AutoModel.from_pretrained("google/vit-base-patch16-224").to(DEVICE)
```
Let's write a simple function for inference. We will pass the inputs to the `processor` first and pass its outputs to the `model`.
```python
def infer(image):
inputs = processor(image, return_tensors="pt").to(DEVICE)
outputs = model(**inputs)
return outputs.pooler_output
```
We can pass the images directly to this function and get the embeddings.
```python
embed_real = infer(image_real)
embed_gen = infer(image_gen)
```
We can get the similarity again over the embeddings.
```python
from torch.nn.functional import cosine_similarity
similarity_score = cosine_similarity(embed_real, embed_gen, dim=1)
print(similarity_score)
# tensor([0.6061], device='cuda:0', grad_fn=<SumBackward1>)
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/tasks/image_feature_extraction.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/tasks/image_feature_extraction/#getting-features-and-similarities-using-automodel | #getting-features-and-similarities-using-automodel | .md | 101_3 |
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|
The TimeSformer model was proposed in [TimeSformer: Is Space-Time Attention All You Need for Video Understanding?](https://arxiv.org/abs/2102.05095) by Facebook Research.
This work is a milestone in action-recognition field being the first video transformer. It inspired many transformer based video understanding and classification papers.
The abstract from the paper is the following:
*We present a convolution-free approach to video classification built exclusively on self-attention over space and time. Our method, named "TimeSformer," adapts the standard Transformer architecture to video by enabling spatiotemporal feature learning directly from a sequence of frame-level patches. Our experimental study compares different self-attention schemes and suggests that "divided attention," where temporal attention and spatial attention are separately applied within each block, leads to the best video classification accuracy among the design choices considered. Despite the radically new design, TimeSformer achieves state-of-the-art results on several action recognition benchmarks, including the best reported accuracy on Kinetics-400 and Kinetics-600. Finally, compared to 3D convolutional networks, our model is faster to train, it can achieve dramatically higher test efficiency (at a small drop in accuracy), and it can also be applied to much longer video clips (over one minute long). Code and models are available at: [this https URL](https://github.com/facebookresearch/TimeSformer).*
This model was contributed by [fcakyon](https://huggingface.co/fcakyon).
The original code can be found [here](https://github.com/facebookresearch/TimeSformer). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/timesformer.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/timesformer/#overview | #overview | .md | 102_1 |
There are many pretrained variants. Select your pretrained model based on the dataset it is trained on. Moreover,
the number of input frames per clip changes based on the model size so you should consider this parameter while selecting your pretrained model. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/timesformer.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/timesformer/#usage-tips | #usage-tips | .md | 102_2 |
- [Video classification task guide](../tasks/video_classification) | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/timesformer.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/timesformer/#resources | #resources | .md | 102_3 |
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`TimesformerModel`]. It is used to instantiate a
TimeSformer model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a
configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the TimeSformer
[facebook/timesformer-base-finetuned-k600](https://huggingface.co/facebook/timesformer-base-finetuned-k600)
architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Args:
image_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 224):
The size (resolution) of each image.
patch_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 16):
The size (resolution) of each patch.
num_channels (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3):
The number of input channels.
num_frames (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 8):
The number of frames in each video.
hidden_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 768):
Dimensionality of the encoder layers and the pooler layer.
num_hidden_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12):
Number of hidden layers in the Transformer encoder.
num_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer encoder.
intermediate_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3072):
Dimensionality of the "intermediate" (i.e., feed-forward) layer in the Transformer encoder.
hidden_act (`str` or `function`, *optional*, defaults to `"gelu"`):
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the encoder and pooler. If string, `"gelu"`,
`"relu"`, `"selu"` and `"gelu_new"` are supported.
hidden_dropout_prob (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The dropout probability for all fully connected layers in the embeddings, encoder, and pooler.
attention_probs_dropout_prob (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities.
initializer_range (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.02):
The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.
layer_norm_eps (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1e-06):
The epsilon used by the layer normalization layers.
qkv_bias (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to add a bias to the queries, keys and values.
attention_type (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"divided_space_time"`):
The attention type to use. Must be one of `"divided_space_time"`, `"space_only"`, `"joint_space_time"`.
drop_path_rate (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0):
The dropout ratio for stochastic depth.
Example:
```python
>>> from transformers import TimesformerConfig, TimesformerModel
>>> # Initializing a TimeSformer timesformer-base style configuration
>>> configuration = TimesformerConfig()
>>> # Initializing a model from the configuration
>>> model = TimesformerModel(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/timesformer.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/timesformer/#timesformerconfig | #timesformerconfig | .md | 102_4 |
The bare TimeSformer Model transformer outputting raw hidden-states without any specific head on top.
This model is a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass. Use it
as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and
behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`TimesformerConfig`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/timesformer.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/timesformer/#timesformermodel | #timesformermodel | .md | 102_5 |
TimeSformer Model transformer with a video classification head on top (a linear layer on top of the final hidden state
of the [CLS] token) e.g. for ImageNet.
This model is a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass. Use it
as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and
behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`TimesformerConfig`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/timesformer.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/timesformer/#timesformerforvideoclassification | #timesformerforvideoclassification | .md | 102_6 |
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--> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/ | .md | 103_0 |
|
The DeBERTa model was proposed in [DeBERTa: Decoding-enhanced BERT with Disentangled Attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03654) by Pengcheng He, Xiaodong Liu, Jianfeng Gao, Weizhu Chen It is based on Google's
BERT model released in 2018 and Facebook's RoBERTa model released in 2019.
It builds on RoBERTa with disentangled attention and enhanced mask decoder training with half of the data used in
RoBERTa.
The abstract from the paper is the following:
*Recent progress in pre-trained neural language models has significantly improved the performance of many natural
language processing (NLP) tasks. In this paper we propose a new model architecture DeBERTa (Decoding-enhanced BERT with
disentangled attention) that improves the BERT and RoBERTa models using two novel techniques. The first is the
disentangled attention mechanism, where each word is represented using two vectors that encode its content and
position, respectively, and the attention weights among words are computed using disentangled matrices on their
contents and relative positions. Second, an enhanced mask decoder is used to replace the output softmax layer to
predict the masked tokens for model pretraining. We show that these two techniques significantly improve the efficiency
of model pretraining and performance of downstream tasks. Compared to RoBERTa-Large, a DeBERTa model trained on half of
the training data performs consistently better on a wide range of NLP tasks, achieving improvements on MNLI by +0.9%
(90.2% vs. 91.1%), on SQuAD v2.0 by +2.3% (88.4% vs. 90.7%) and RACE by +3.6% (83.2% vs. 86.8%). The DeBERTa code and
pre-trained models will be made publicly available at https://github.com/microsoft/DeBERTa.*
The following information is visible directly on the [original implementation
repository](https://github.com/microsoft/DeBERTa). DeBERTa v2 is the second version of the DeBERTa model. It includes
the 1.5B model used for the SuperGLUE single-model submission and achieving 89.9, versus human baseline 89.8. You can
find more details about this submission in the authors'
[blog](https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/microsoft-deberta-surpasses-human-performance-on-the-superglue-benchmark/)
New in v2:
- **Vocabulary** In v2 the tokenizer is changed to use a new vocabulary of size 128K built from the training data.
Instead of a GPT2-based tokenizer, the tokenizer is now
[sentencepiece-based](https://github.com/google/sentencepiece) tokenizer.
- **nGiE(nGram Induced Input Encoding)** The DeBERTa-v2 model uses an additional convolution layer aside with the first
transformer layer to better learn the local dependency of input tokens.
- **Sharing position projection matrix with content projection matrix in attention layer** Based on previous
experiments, this can save parameters without affecting the performance.
- **Apply bucket to encode relative positions** The DeBERTa-v2 model uses log bucket to encode relative positions
similar to T5.
- **900M model & 1.5B model** Two additional model sizes are available: 900M and 1.5B, which significantly improves the
performance of downstream tasks.
This model was contributed by [DeBERTa](https://huggingface.co/DeBERTa). This model TF 2.0 implementation was
contributed by [kamalkraj](https://huggingface.co/kamalkraj). The original code can be found [here](https://github.com/microsoft/DeBERTa). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#overview | #overview | .md | 103_1 |
- [Text classification task guide](../tasks/sequence_classification)
- [Token classification task guide](../tasks/token_classification)
- [Question answering task guide](../tasks/question_answering)
- [Masked language modeling task guide](../tasks/masked_language_modeling)
- [Multiple choice task guide](../tasks/multiple_choice) | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#resources | #resources | .md | 103_2 |
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`DebertaV2Model`]. It is used to instantiate a
DeBERTa-v2 model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a
configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the DeBERTa
[microsoft/deberta-v2-xlarge](https://huggingface.co/microsoft/deberta-v2-xlarge) architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Arguments:
vocab_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 128100):
Vocabulary size of the DeBERTa-v2 model. Defines the number of different tokens that can be represented by
the `inputs_ids` passed when calling [`DebertaV2Model`].
hidden_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1536):
Dimensionality of the encoder layers and the pooler layer.
num_hidden_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 24):
Number of hidden layers in the Transformer encoder.
num_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 24):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer encoder.
intermediate_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 6144):
Dimensionality of the "intermediate" (often named feed-forward) layer in the Transformer encoder.
hidden_act (`str` or `Callable`, *optional*, defaults to `"gelu"`):
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the encoder and pooler. If string, `"gelu"`,
`"relu"`, `"silu"`, `"gelu"`, `"tanh"`, `"gelu_fast"`, `"mish"`, `"linear"`, `"sigmoid"` and `"gelu_new"`
are supported.
hidden_dropout_prob (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.1):
The dropout probability for all fully connected layers in the embeddings, encoder, and pooler.
attention_probs_dropout_prob (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.1):
The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities.
max_position_embeddings (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 512):
The maximum sequence length that this model might ever be used with. Typically set this to something large
just in case (e.g., 512 or 1024 or 2048).
type_vocab_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 0):
The vocabulary size of the `token_type_ids` passed when calling [`DebertaModel`] or [`TFDebertaModel`].
initializer_range (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.02):
The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.
layer_norm_eps (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1e-7):
The epsilon used by the layer normalization layers.
relative_attention (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether use relative position encoding.
max_relative_positions (`int`, *optional*, defaults to -1):
The range of relative positions `[-max_position_embeddings, max_position_embeddings]`. Use the same value
as `max_position_embeddings`.
pad_token_id (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 0):
The value used to pad input_ids.
position_biased_input (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether add absolute position embedding to content embedding.
pos_att_type (`List[str]`, *optional*):
The type of relative position attention, it can be a combination of `["p2c", "c2p"]`, e.g. `["p2c"]`,
`["p2c", "c2p"]`, `["p2c", "c2p"]`.
layer_norm_eps (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1e-12):
The epsilon used by the layer normalization layers.
legacy (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether or not the model should use the legacy `LegacyDebertaOnlyMLMHead`, which does not work properly
for mask infilling tasks.
Example:
```python
>>> from transformers import DebertaV2Config, DebertaV2Model
>>> # Initializing a DeBERTa-v2 microsoft/deberta-v2-xlarge style configuration
>>> configuration = DebertaV2Config()
>>> # Initializing a model (with random weights) from the microsoft/deberta-v2-xlarge style configuration
>>> model = DebertaV2Model(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#debertav2config | #debertav2config | .md | 103_3 |
Constructs a DeBERTa-v2 tokenizer. Based on [SentencePiece](https://github.com/google/sentencepiece).
Args:
vocab_file (`str`):
[SentencePiece](https://github.com/google/sentencepiece) file (generally has a *.spm* extension) that
contains the vocabulary necessary to instantiate a tokenizer.
do_lower_case (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Whether or not to lowercase the input when tokenizing.
bos_token (`string`, *optional*, defaults to `"[CLS]"`):
The beginning of sequence token that was used during pre-training. Can be used a sequence classifier token.
When building a sequence using special tokens, this is not the token that is used for the beginning of
sequence. The token used is the `cls_token`.
eos_token (`string`, *optional*, defaults to `"[SEP]"`):
The end of sequence token. When building a sequence using special tokens, this is not the token that is
used for the end of sequence. The token used is the `sep_token`.
unk_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"[UNK]"`):
The unknown token. A token that is not in the vocabulary cannot be converted to an ID and is set to be this
token instead.
sep_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"[SEP]"`):
The separator token, which is used when building a sequence from multiple sequences, e.g. two sequences for
sequence classification or for a text and a question for question answering. It is also used as the last
token of a sequence built with special tokens.
pad_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"[PAD]"`):
The token used for padding, for example when batching sequences of different lengths.
cls_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"[CLS]"`):
The classifier token which is used when doing sequence classification (classification of the whole sequence
instead of per-token classification). It is the first token of the sequence when built with special tokens.
mask_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"[MASK]"`):
The token used for masking values. This is the token used when training this model with masked language
modeling. This is the token which the model will try to predict.
sp_model_kwargs (`dict`, *optional*):
Will be passed to the `SentencePieceProcessor.__init__()` method. The [Python wrapper for
SentencePiece](https://github.com/google/sentencepiece/tree/master/python) can be used, among other things,
to set:
- `enable_sampling`: Enable subword regularization.
- `nbest_size`: Sampling parameters for unigram. Invalid for BPE-Dropout.
- `nbest_size = {0,1}`: No sampling is performed.
- `nbest_size > 1`: samples from the nbest_size results.
- `nbest_size < 0`: assuming that nbest_size is infinite and samples from the all hypothesis (lattice)
using forward-filtering-and-backward-sampling algorithm.
- `alpha`: Smoothing parameter for unigram sampling, and dropout probability of merge operations for
BPE-dropout.
Methods: build_inputs_with_special_tokens
- get_special_tokens_mask
- create_token_type_ids_from_sequences
- save_vocabulary | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#debertav2tokenizer | #debertav2tokenizer | .md | 103_4 |
Constructs a DeBERTa-v2 fast tokenizer. Based on [SentencePiece](https://github.com/google/sentencepiece).
Args:
vocab_file (`str`):
[SentencePiece](https://github.com/google/sentencepiece) file (generally has a *.spm* extension) that
contains the vocabulary necessary to instantiate a tokenizer.
do_lower_case (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Whether or not to lowercase the input when tokenizing.
bos_token (`string`, *optional*, defaults to `"[CLS]"`):
The beginning of sequence token that was used during pre-training. Can be used a sequence classifier token.
When building a sequence using special tokens, this is not the token that is used for the beginning of
sequence. The token used is the `cls_token`.
eos_token (`string`, *optional*, defaults to `"[SEP]"`):
The end of sequence token. When building a sequence using special tokens, this is not the token that is
used for the end of sequence. The token used is the `sep_token`.
unk_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"[UNK]"`):
The unknown token. A token that is not in the vocabulary cannot be converted to an ID and is set to be this
token instead.
sep_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"[SEP]"`):
The separator token, which is used when building a sequence from multiple sequences, e.g. two sequences for
sequence classification or for a text and a question for question answering. It is also used as the last
token of a sequence built with special tokens.
pad_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"[PAD]"`):
The token used for padding, for example when batching sequences of different lengths.
cls_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"[CLS]"`):
The classifier token which is used when doing sequence classification (classification of the whole sequence
instead of per-token classification). It is the first token of the sequence when built with special tokens.
mask_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"[MASK]"`):
The token used for masking values. This is the token used when training this model with masked language
modeling. This is the token which the model will try to predict.
sp_model_kwargs (`dict`, *optional*):
Will be passed to the `SentencePieceProcessor.__init__()` method. The [Python wrapper for
SentencePiece](https://github.com/google/sentencepiece/tree/master/python) can be used, among other things,
to set:
- `enable_sampling`: Enable subword regularization.
- `nbest_size`: Sampling parameters for unigram. Invalid for BPE-Dropout.
- `nbest_size = {0,1}`: No sampling is performed.
- `nbest_size > 1`: samples from the nbest_size results.
- `nbest_size < 0`: assuming that nbest_size is infinite and samples from the all hypothesis (lattice)
using forward-filtering-and-backward-sampling algorithm.
- `alpha`: Smoothing parameter for unigram sampling, and dropout probability of merge operations for
BPE-dropout.
Methods: build_inputs_with_special_tokens
- create_token_type_ids_from_sequences
<frameworkcontent>
<pt> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#debertav2tokenizerfast | #debertav2tokenizerfast | .md | 103_5 |
The bare DeBERTa Model transformer outputting raw hidden-states without any specific head on top.
The DeBERTa model was proposed in [DeBERTa: Decoding-enhanced BERT with Disentangled
Attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03654) by Pengcheng He, Xiaodong Liu, Jianfeng Gao, Weizhu Chen. It's build
on top of BERT/RoBERTa with two improvements, i.e. disentangled attention and enhanced mask decoder. With those two
improvements, it out perform BERT/RoBERTa on a majority of tasks with 80GB pretraining data.
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`DebertaV2Config`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#debertav2model | #debertav2model | .md | 103_6 |
An abstract class to handle weights initialization and a simple interface for downloading and loading pretrained
models.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#debertav2pretrainedmodel | #debertav2pretrainedmodel | .md | 103_7 |
DeBERTa Model with a `language modeling` head on top.
The DeBERTa model was proposed in [DeBERTa: Decoding-enhanced BERT with Disentangled
Attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03654) by Pengcheng He, Xiaodong Liu, Jianfeng Gao, Weizhu Chen. It's build
on top of BERT/RoBERTa with two improvements, i.e. disentangled attention and enhanced mask decoder. With those two
improvements, it out perform BERT/RoBERTa on a majority of tasks with 80GB pretraining data.
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`DebertaV2Config`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#debertav2formaskedlm | #debertav2formaskedlm | .md | 103_8 |
DeBERTa Model transformer with a sequence classification/regression head on top (a linear layer on top of the
pooled output) e.g. for GLUE tasks.
The DeBERTa model was proposed in [DeBERTa: Decoding-enhanced BERT with Disentangled
Attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03654) by Pengcheng He, Xiaodong Liu, Jianfeng Gao, Weizhu Chen. It's build
on top of BERT/RoBERTa with two improvements, i.e. disentangled attention and enhanced mask decoder. With those two
improvements, it out perform BERT/RoBERTa on a majority of tasks with 80GB pretraining data.
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`DebertaV2Config`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#debertav2forsequenceclassification | #debertav2forsequenceclassification | .md | 103_9 |
DeBERTa Model with a token classification head on top (a linear layer on top of the hidden-states output) e.g. for
Named-Entity-Recognition (NER) tasks.
The DeBERTa model was proposed in [DeBERTa: Decoding-enhanced BERT with Disentangled
Attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03654) by Pengcheng He, Xiaodong Liu, Jianfeng Gao, Weizhu Chen. It's build
on top of BERT/RoBERTa with two improvements, i.e. disentangled attention and enhanced mask decoder. With those two
improvements, it out perform BERT/RoBERTa on a majority of tasks with 80GB pretraining data.
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`DebertaV2Config`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#debertav2fortokenclassification | #debertav2fortokenclassification | .md | 103_10 |
DeBERTa Model with a span classification head on top for extractive question-answering tasks like SQuAD (a linear
layers on top of the hidden-states output to compute `span start logits` and `span end logits`).
The DeBERTa model was proposed in [DeBERTa: Decoding-enhanced BERT with Disentangled
Attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03654) by Pengcheng He, Xiaodong Liu, Jianfeng Gao, Weizhu Chen. It's build
on top of BERT/RoBERTa with two improvements, i.e. disentangled attention and enhanced mask decoder. With those two
improvements, it out perform BERT/RoBERTa on a majority of tasks with 80GB pretraining data.
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`DebertaV2Config`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#debertav2forquestionanswering | #debertav2forquestionanswering | .md | 103_11 |
DeBERTa Model with a multiple choice classification head on top (a linear layer on top of the pooled output and a
softmax) e.g. for RocStories/SWAG tasks.
The DeBERTa model was proposed in [DeBERTa: Decoding-enhanced BERT with Disentangled
Attention](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03654) by Pengcheng He, Xiaodong Liu, Jianfeng Gao, Weizhu Chen. It's build
on top of BERT/RoBERTa with two improvements, i.e. disentangled attention and enhanced mask decoder. With those two
improvements, it out perform BERT/RoBERTa on a majority of tasks with 80GB pretraining data.
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`DebertaV2Config`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward
</pt>
<tf> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#debertav2formultiplechoice | #debertav2formultiplechoice | .md | 103_12 |
No docstring available for TFDebertaV2Model
Methods: call | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#tfdebertav2model | #tfdebertav2model | .md | 103_13 |
No docstring available for TFDebertaV2PreTrainedModel
Methods: call | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#tfdebertav2pretrainedmodel | #tfdebertav2pretrainedmodel | .md | 103_14 |
No docstring available for TFDebertaV2ForMaskedLM
Methods: call | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#tfdebertav2formaskedlm | #tfdebertav2formaskedlm | .md | 103_15 |
No docstring available for TFDebertaV2ForSequenceClassification
Methods: call | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#tfdebertav2forsequenceclassification | #tfdebertav2forsequenceclassification | .md | 103_16 |
No docstring available for TFDebertaV2ForTokenClassification
Methods: call | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#tfdebertav2fortokenclassification | #tfdebertav2fortokenclassification | .md | 103_17 |
No docstring available for TFDebertaV2ForQuestionAnswering
Methods: call | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#tfdebertav2forquestionanswering | #tfdebertav2forquestionanswering | .md | 103_18 |
No docstring available for TFDebertaV2ForMultipleChoice
Methods: call
</tf>
</frameworkcontent> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/deberta-v2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/deberta-v2/#tfdebertav2formultiplechoice | #tfdebertav2formultiplechoice | .md | 103_19 |
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|
Helper class to enable loading timm models to be used with the transformers library and its autoclasses.
```python
>>> import torch
>>> from PIL import Image
>>> from urllib.request import urlopen
>>> from transformers import AutoModelForImageClassification, AutoImageProcessor
>>> # Load image
>>> image = Image.open(urlopen(
... 'https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/documentation-images/resolve/main/beignets-task-guide.png'
... ))
>>> # Load model and image processor
>>> checkpoint = "timm/resnet50.a1_in1k"
>>> image_processor = AutoImageProcessor.from_pretrained(checkpoint)
>>> model = AutoModelForImageClassification.from_pretrained(checkpoint).eval()
>>> # Preprocess image
>>> inputs = image_processor(image)
>>> # Forward pass
>>> with torch.no_grad():
... logits = model(**inputs).logits
>>> # Get top 5 predictions
>>> top5_probabilities, top5_class_indices = torch.topk(logits.softmax(dim=1) * 100, k=5)
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/timm_wrapper.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/timm_wrapper/#overview | #overview | .md | 104_1 |
This is the configuration class to store the configuration for a timm backbone [`TimmWrapper`].
It is used to instantiate a timm model according to the specified arguments, defining the model.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Config loads imagenet label descriptions and stores them in `id2label` attribute, `label2id` attribute for default
imagenet models is set to `None` due to occlusions in the label descriptions.
Args:
initializer_range (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.02):
The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.
do_pooling (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to do pooling for the last_hidden_state in `TimmWrapperModel` or not.
Example:
```python
>>> from transformers import TimmWrapperModel
>>> # Initializing a timm model
>>> model = TimmWrapperModel.from_pretrained("timm/resnet18.a1_in1k")
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/timm_wrapper.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/timm_wrapper/#timmwrapperconfig | #timmwrapperconfig | .md | 104_2 |
Wrapper class for timm models to be used within transformers.
Args:
pretrained_cfg (`Dict[str, Any]`):
The configuration of the pretrained model used to resolve evaluation and
training transforms.
architecture (`Optional[str]`, *optional*):
Name of the architecture of the model.
Methods: preprocess | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/timm_wrapper.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/timm_wrapper/#timmwrapperimageprocessor | #timmwrapperimageprocessor | .md | 104_3 |
Wrapper class for timm models to be used in transformers.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/timm_wrapper.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/timm_wrapper/#timmwrappermodel | #timmwrappermodel | .md | 104_4 |
Wrapper class for timm models to be used in transformers for image classification.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/timm_wrapper.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/timm_wrapper/#timmwrapperforimageclassification | #timmwrapperforimageclassification | .md | 104_5 |
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--> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/chinese_clip.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/chinese_clip/ | .md | 105_0 |
|
The Chinese-CLIP model was proposed in [Chinese CLIP: Contrastive Vision-Language Pretraining in Chinese](https://arxiv.org/abs/2211.01335) by An Yang, Junshu Pan, Junyang Lin, Rui Men, Yichang Zhang, Jingren Zhou, Chang Zhou.
Chinese-CLIP is an implementation of CLIP (Radford et al., 2021) on a large-scale dataset of Chinese image-text pairs. It is capable of performing cross-modal retrieval and also playing as a vision backbone for vision tasks like zero-shot image classification, open-domain object detection, etc. The original Chinese-CLIP code is released [at this link](https://github.com/OFA-Sys/Chinese-CLIP).
The abstract from the paper is the following:
*The tremendous success of CLIP (Radford et al., 2021) has promoted the research and application of contrastive learning for vision-language pretraining. In this work, we construct a large-scale dataset of image-text pairs in Chinese, where most data are retrieved from publicly available datasets, and we pretrain Chinese CLIP models on the new dataset. We develop 5 Chinese CLIP models of multiple sizes, spanning from 77 to 958 million parameters. Furthermore, we propose a two-stage pretraining method, where the model is first trained with the image encoder frozen and then trained with all parameters being optimized, to achieve enhanced model performance. Our comprehensive experiments demonstrate that Chinese CLIP can achieve the state-of-the-art performance on MUGE, Flickr30K-CN, and COCO-CN in the setups of zero-shot learning and finetuning, and it is able to achieve competitive performance in zero-shot image classification based on the evaluation on the ELEVATER benchmark (Li et al., 2022). Our codes, pretrained models, and demos have been released.*
The Chinese-CLIP model was contributed by [OFA-Sys](https://huggingface.co/OFA-Sys). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/chinese_clip.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/chinese_clip/#overview | #overview | .md | 105_1 |
The code snippet below shows how to compute image & text features and similarities:
```python
>>> from PIL import Image
>>> import requests
>>> from transformers import ChineseCLIPProcessor, ChineseCLIPModel
>>> model = ChineseCLIPModel.from_pretrained("OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-base-patch16")
>>> processor = ChineseCLIPProcessor.from_pretrained("OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-base-patch16")
>>> url = "https://clip-cn-beijing.oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com/pokemon.jpeg"
>>> image = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw)
>>> # Squirtle, Bulbasaur, Charmander, Pikachu in English
>>> texts = ["杰尼龟", "妙蛙种子", "小火龙", "皮卡丘"]
>>> # compute image feature
>>> inputs = processor(images=image, return_tensors="pt")
>>> image_features = model.get_image_features(**inputs)
>>> image_features = image_features / image_features.norm(p=2, dim=-1, keepdim=True) # normalize
>>> # compute text features
>>> inputs = processor(text=texts, padding=True, return_tensors="pt")
>>> text_features = model.get_text_features(**inputs)
>>> text_features = text_features / text_features.norm(p=2, dim=-1, keepdim=True) # normalize
>>> # compute image-text similarity scores
>>> inputs = processor(text=texts, images=image, return_tensors="pt", padding=True)
>>> outputs = model(**inputs)
>>> logits_per_image = outputs.logits_per_image # this is the image-text similarity score
>>> probs = logits_per_image.softmax(dim=1) # probs: [[1.2686e-03, 5.4499e-02, 6.7968e-04, 9.4355e-01]]
```
Currently, following scales of pretrained Chinese-CLIP models are available on 🤗 Hub:
- [OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-base-patch16](https://huggingface.co/OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-base-patch16)
- [OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-large-patch14](https://huggingface.co/OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-large-patch14)
- [OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-large-patch14-336px](https://huggingface.co/OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-large-patch14-336px)
- [OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-huge-patch14](https://huggingface.co/OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-huge-patch14) | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/chinese_clip.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/chinese_clip/#usage-example | #usage-example | .md | 105_2 |
[`ChineseCLIPConfig`] is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`ChineseCLIPModel`]. It is used
to instantiate Chinese-CLIP model according to the specified arguments, defining the text model and vision model
configs. Instantiating a configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the
Chinese-CLIP [OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-base-patch16](https://huggingface.co/OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-base-patch16)
architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Args:
text_config (`dict`, *optional*):
Dictionary of configuration options used to initialize [`ChineseCLIPTextConfig`].
vision_config (`dict`, *optional*):
Dictionary of configuration options used to initialize [`ChineseCLIPVisionConfig`].
projection_dim (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 512):
Dimensionality of text and vision projection layers.
logit_scale_init_value (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 2.6592):
The initial value of the *logit_scale* parameter. Default is used as per the original ChineseCLIP
implementation.
kwargs (*optional*):
Dictionary of keyword arguments.
Example:
```python
>>> from transformers import ChineseCLIPConfig, ChineseCLIPModel
>>> # Initializing a ChineseCLIPConfig with OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-base-patch16 style configuration
>>> configuration = ChineseCLIPConfig()
>>> # Initializing a ChineseCLIPModel (with random weights) from the OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-base-patch16 style configuration
>>> model = ChineseCLIPModel(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config
>>> # We can also initialize a ChineseCLIPConfig from a ChineseCLIPTextConfig and a ChineseCLIPVisionConfig
>>> # Initializing a ChineseCLIPTextConfig and ChineseCLIPVisionConfig configuration
>>> config_text = ChineseCLIPTextConfig()
>>> config_vision = ChineseCLIPVisionConfig()
>>> config = ChineseCLIPConfig.from_text_vision_configs(config_text, config_vision)
```
Methods: from_text_vision_configs | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/chinese_clip.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/chinese_clip/#chineseclipconfig | #chineseclipconfig | .md | 105_3 |
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`ChineseCLIPModel`]. It is used to instantiate a
Chinese CLIP model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a
configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the Chinese CLIP
[OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-base-patch16](https:
//huggingface.co/OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-base-patch16) architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Args:
vocab_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 30522):
Vocabulary size of the CHINESE_CLIP model. Defines the number of different tokens that can be represented
by the `inputs_ids` passed when calling [`ChineseCLIPModel`].
hidden_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 768):
Dimensionality of the encoder layers and the pooler layer.
num_hidden_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12):
Number of hidden layers in the Transformer encoder.
num_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer encoder.
intermediate_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3072):
Dimensionality of the "intermediate" (often named feed-forward) layer in the Transformer encoder.
hidden_act (`str` or `Callable`, *optional*, defaults to `"gelu"`):
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the encoder and pooler. If string, `"gelu"`,
`"relu"`, `"silu"` and `"gelu_new"` are supported.
hidden_dropout_prob (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.1):
The dropout probability for all fully connected layers in the embeddings, encoder, and pooler.
attention_probs_dropout_prob (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.1):
The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities.
max_position_embeddings (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 512):
The maximum sequence length that this model might ever be used with. Typically set this to something large
just in case (e.g., 512 or 1024 or 2048).
type_vocab_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 2):
The vocabulary size of the `token_type_ids` passed when calling [`ChineseCLIPModel`].
initializer_range (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.02):
The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.
initializer_factor (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1.0):
A factor for initializing all weight matrices (should be kept to 1, used internally for initialization
testing).
layer_norm_eps (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1e-12):
The epsilon used by the layer normalization layers.
pad_token_id (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 0):
Padding token id.
position_embedding_type (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"absolute"`):
Type of position embedding. Choose one of `"absolute"`, `"relative_key"`, `"relative_key_query"`. For
positional embeddings use `"absolute"`. For more information on `"relative_key"`, please refer to
[Self-Attention with Relative Position Representations (Shaw et al.)](https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.02155).
For more information on `"relative_key_query"`, please refer to *Method 4* in [Improve Transformer Models
with Better Relative Position Embeddings (Huang et al.)](https://arxiv.org/abs/2009.13658).
use_cache (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether or not the model should return the last key/values attentions (not used by all models). Only
relevant if `config.is_decoder=True`.
Example:
```python
>>> from transformers import ChineseCLIPTextConfig, ChineseCLIPTextModel
>>> # Initializing a ChineseCLIPTextConfig with OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-base-patch16 style configuration
>>> configuration = ChineseCLIPTextConfig()
>>> # Initializing a ChineseCLIPTextModel (with random weights) from the OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-base-patch16 style configuration
>>> model = ChineseCLIPTextModel(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/chinese_clip.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/chinese_clip/#chinesecliptextconfig | #chinesecliptextconfig | .md | 105_4 |
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`ChineseCLIPModel`]. It is used to instantiate an
ChineseCLIP model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a
configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the ChineseCLIP
[OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-base-patch16](https://huggingface.co/OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-base-patch16) architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Args:
hidden_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 768):
Dimensionality of the encoder layers and the pooler layer.
intermediate_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3072):
Dimensionality of the "intermediate" (i.e., feed-forward) layer in the Transformer encoder.
projection_dim (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 512):
Dimensionality of text and vision projection layers.
num_hidden_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12):
Number of hidden layers in the Transformer encoder.
num_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer encoder.
num_channels (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3):
The number of input channels.
image_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 224):
The size (resolution) of each image.
patch_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 32):
The size (resolution) of each patch.
hidden_act (`str` or `function`, *optional*, defaults to `"quick_gelu"`):
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the encoder and pooler. If string, `"gelu"`,
`"relu"`, `"selu"` and `"gelu_new"` `"quick_gelu"` are supported.
layer_norm_eps (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1e-05):
The epsilon used by the layer normalization layers.
attention_dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities.
initializer_range (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.02):
The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.
initializer_factor (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1.0):
A factor for initializing all weight matrices (should be kept to 1, used internally for initialization
testing).
Example:
```python
>>> from transformers import ChineseCLIPVisionConfig, ChineseCLIPVisionModel
>>> # Initializing a ChineseCLIPVisionConfig with OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-base-patch16 style configuration
>>> configuration = ChineseCLIPVisionConfig()
>>> # Initializing a ChineseCLIPVisionModel (with random weights) from the OFA-Sys/chinese-clip-vit-base-patch16 style configuration
>>> model = ChineseCLIPVisionModel(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/chinese_clip.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/chinese_clip/#chineseclipvisionconfig | #chineseclipvisionconfig | .md | 105_5 |
Constructs a Chinese-CLIP image processor.
Args:
do_resize (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to resize the image's (height, width) dimensions to the specified `size`. Can be overridden by
`do_resize` in the `preprocess` method.
size (`Dict[str, int]` *optional*, defaults to `{"shortest_edge": 224}`):
Size of the image after resizing. The shortest edge of the image is resized to size["shortest_edge"], with
the longest edge resized to keep the input aspect ratio. Can be overridden by `size` in the `preprocess`
method.
resample (`PILImageResampling`, *optional*, defaults to `Resampling.BICUBIC`):
Resampling filter to use if resizing the image. Can be overridden by `resample` in the `preprocess` method.
do_center_crop (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to center crop the image to the specified `crop_size`. Can be overridden by `do_center_crop` in the
`preprocess` method.
crop_size (`Dict[str, int]` *optional*, defaults to 224):
Size of the output image after applying `center_crop`. Can be overridden by `crop_size` in the `preprocess`
method.
do_rescale (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to rescale the image by the specified scale `rescale_factor`. Can be overridden by `do_rescale` in
the `preprocess` method.
rescale_factor (`int` or `float`, *optional*, defaults to `1/255`):
Scale factor to use if rescaling the image. Can be overridden by `rescale_factor` in the `preprocess`
method.
do_normalize (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to normalize the image. Can be overridden by `do_normalize` in the `preprocess` method.
image_mean (`float` or `List[float]`, *optional*, defaults to `IMAGENET_STANDARD_MEAN`):
Mean to use if normalizing the image. This is a float or list of floats the length of the number of
channels in the image. Can be overridden by the `image_mean` parameter in the `preprocess` method.
image_std (`float` or `List[float]`, *optional*, defaults to `IMAGENET_STANDARD_STD`):
Standard deviation to use if normalizing the image. This is a float or list of floats the length of the
number of channels in the image. Can be overridden by the `image_std` parameter in the `preprocess` method.
Can be overridden by the `image_std` parameter in the `preprocess` method.
do_convert_rgb (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to convert the image to RGB.
Methods: preprocess | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/chinese_clip.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/chinese_clip/#chineseclipimageprocessor | #chineseclipimageprocessor | .md | 105_6 |
No docstring available for ChineseCLIPFeatureExtractor | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/chinese_clip.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/chinese_clip/#chineseclipfeatureextractor | #chineseclipfeatureextractor | .md | 105_7 |
Constructs a Chinese-CLIP processor which wraps a Chinese-CLIP image processor and a Chinese-CLIP tokenizer into a
single processor.
[`ChineseCLIPProcessor`] offers all the functionalities of [`ChineseCLIPImageProcessor`] and [`BertTokenizerFast`].
See the [`~ChineseCLIPProcessor.__call__`] and [`~ChineseCLIPProcessor.decode`] for more information.
Args:
image_processor ([`ChineseCLIPImageProcessor`], *optional*):
The image processor is a required input.
tokenizer ([`BertTokenizerFast`], *optional*):
The tokenizer is a required input. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/chinese_clip.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/chinese_clip/#chineseclipprocessor | #chineseclipprocessor | .md | 105_8 |
This model is a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass. Use it
as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and
behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`ChineseCLIPConfig`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward
- get_text_features
- get_image_features | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/chinese_clip.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/chinese_clip/#chineseclipmodel | #chineseclipmodel | .md | 105_9 |
The text model from CHINESE_CLIP without any head or projection on top.
This model is a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass. Use it
as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and
behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`ChineseCLIPConfig`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
The model can behave as an encoder (with only self-attention) as well as a decoder, in which case a layer of
cross-attention is added between the self-attention layers, following the architecture described in [Attention is
all you need](https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.03762) by Ashish Vaswani, Noam Shazeer, Niki Parmar, Jakob Uszkoreit,
Llion Jones, Aidan N. Gomez, Lukasz Kaiser and Illia Polosukhin.
To behave as an decoder the model needs to be initialized with the `is_decoder` argument of the configuration set
to `True`. To be used in a Seq2Seq model, the model needs to initialized with both `is_decoder` argument and
`add_cross_attention` set to `True`; an `encoder_hidden_states` is then expected as an input to the forward pass.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/chinese_clip.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/chinese_clip/#chinesecliptextmodel | #chinesecliptextmodel | .md | 105_10 |
The vision model from CHINESE_CLIP without any head or projection on top.
This model is a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass. Use it
as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage and
behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`ChineseCLIPConfig`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/chinese_clip.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/chinese_clip/#chineseclipvisionmodel | #chineseclipvisionmodel | .md | 105_11 |
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|
The PhoBERT model was proposed in [PhoBERT: Pre-trained language models for Vietnamese](https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.findings-emnlp.92.pdf) by Dat Quoc Nguyen, Anh Tuan Nguyen.
The abstract from the paper is the following:
*We present PhoBERT with two versions, PhoBERT-base and PhoBERT-large, the first public large-scale monolingual
language models pre-trained for Vietnamese. Experimental results show that PhoBERT consistently outperforms the recent
best pre-trained multilingual model XLM-R (Conneau et al., 2020) and improves the state-of-the-art in multiple
Vietnamese-specific NLP tasks including Part-of-speech tagging, Dependency parsing, Named-entity recognition and
Natural language inference.*
This model was contributed by [dqnguyen](https://huggingface.co/dqnguyen). The original code can be found [here](https://github.com/VinAIResearch/PhoBERT). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/phobert.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/phobert/#overview | #overview | .md | 106_1 |
```python
>>> import torch
>>> from transformers import AutoModel, AutoTokenizer
>>> phobert = AutoModel.from_pretrained("vinai/phobert-base")
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("vinai/phobert-base")
>>> # INPUT TEXT MUST BE ALREADY WORD-SEGMENTED!
>>> line = "Tôi là sinh_viên trường đại_học Công_nghệ ."
>>> input_ids = torch.tensor([tokenizer.encode(line)])
>>> with torch.no_grad():
... features = phobert(input_ids) # Models outputs are now tuples
>>> # With TensorFlow 2.0+:
>>> # from transformers import TFAutoModel
>>> # phobert = TFAutoModel.from_pretrained("vinai/phobert-base")
```
<Tip>
PhoBERT implementation is the same as BERT, except for tokenization. Refer to [BERT documentation](bert) for information on
configuration classes and their parameters. PhoBERT-specific tokenizer is documented below.
</Tip> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/phobert.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/phobert/#usage-example | #usage-example | .md | 106_2 |
Construct a PhoBERT tokenizer. Based on Byte-Pair-Encoding.
This tokenizer inherits from [`PreTrainedTokenizer`] which contains most of the main methods. Users should refer to
this superclass for more information regarding those methods.
Args:
vocab_file (`str`):
Path to the vocabulary file.
merges_file (`str`):
Path to the merges file.
bos_token (`st`, *optional*, defaults to `"<s>"`):
The beginning of sequence token that was used during pretraining. Can be used a sequence classifier token.
<Tip>
When building a sequence using special tokens, this is not the token that is used for the beginning of
sequence. The token used is the `cls_token`.
</Tip>
eos_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"</s>"`):
The end of sequence token.
<Tip>
When building a sequence using special tokens, this is not the token that is used for the end of sequence.
The token used is the `sep_token`.
</Tip>
sep_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"</s>"`):
The separator token, which is used when building a sequence from multiple sequences, e.g. two sequences for
sequence classification or for a text and a question for question answering. It is also used as the last
token of a sequence built with special tokens.
cls_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"<s>"`):
The classifier token which is used when doing sequence classification (classification of the whole sequence
instead of per-token classification). It is the first token of the sequence when built with special tokens.
unk_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"<unk>"`):
The unknown token. A token that is not in the vocabulary cannot be converted to an ID and is set to be this
token instead.
pad_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"<pad>"`):
The token used for padding, for example when batching sequences of different lengths.
mask_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"<mask>"`):
The token used for masking values. This is the token used when training this model with masked language
modeling. This is the token which the model will try to predict. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/phobert.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/phobert/#phoberttokenizer | #phoberttokenizer | .md | 106_3 |
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|
The Fuyu model was created by [ADEPT](https://www.adept.ai/blog/fuyu-8b), and authored by Rohan Bavishi, Erich Elsen, Curtis Hawthorne, Maxwell Nye, Augustus Odena, Arushi Somani, Sağnak Taşırlar.
The authors introduced Fuyu-8B, a decoder-only multimodal model based on the classic transformers architecture, with query and key normalization. A linear encoder is added to create multimodal embeddings from image inputs.
By treating image tokens like text tokens and using a special image-newline character, the model knows when an image line ends. Image positional embeddings are removed. This avoids the need for different training phases for various image resolutions. With 8 billion parameters and licensed under CC-BY-NC, Fuyu-8B is notable for its ability to handle both text and images, its impressive context size of 16K, and its overall performance.
<Tip warning={true}>
The `Fuyu` models were trained using `bfloat16`, but the original inference uses `float16` The checkpoints uploaded on the hub use `torch_dtype = 'float16'` which will be
used by the `AutoModel` API to cast the checkpoints from `torch.float32` to `torch.float16`.
The `dtype` of the online weights is mostly irrelevant, unless you are using `torch_dtype="auto"` when initializing a model using `model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained("path", torch_dtype = "auto")`. The reason is that the model will first be downloaded ( using the `dtype` of the checkpoints online) then it will be cast to the default `dtype` of `torch` (becomes `torch.float32`). Users should specify the `torch_dtype` they want, and if they don't it will be `torch.float32`.
Finetuning the model in `float16` is not recommended and known to produce `nan`, as such the model should be fine-tuned in `bfloat16`.
</Tip>
Tips:
- To convert the model, you need to clone the original repository using `git clone https://github.com/persimmon-ai-labs/adept-inference`, then get the checkpoints:
```bash
git clone https://github.com/persimmon-ai-labs/adept-inference
wget path/to/fuyu-8b-model-weights.tar
tar -xvf fuyu-8b-model-weights.tar
python src/transformers/models/fuyu/convert_fuyu_weights_to_hf.py --input_dir /path/to/downloaded/fuyu/weights/ --output_dir /output/path \
--pt_model_path /path/to/fuyu_8b_release/iter_0001251/mp_rank_00/model_optim_rng.pt
--ada_lib_path /path/to/adept-inference
```
For the chat model:
```bash
wget https://axtkn4xl5cip.objectstorage.us-phoenix-1.oci.customer-oci.com/n/axtkn4xl5cip/b/adept-public-data/o/8b_chat_model_release.tar
tar -xvf 8b_base_model_release.tar
```
Then, model can be loaded via:
```py
from transformers import FuyuConfig, FuyuForCausalLM
model_config = FuyuConfig()
model = FuyuForCausalLM(model_config).from_pretrained('/output/path')
```
Inputs need to be passed through a specific Processor to have the correct formats.
A processor requires an image_processor and a tokenizer. Hence, inputs can be loaded via:
```py
from PIL import Image
from transformers import AutoTokenizer
from transformers.models.fuyu.processing_fuyu import FuyuProcessor
from transformers.models.fuyu.image_processing_fuyu import FuyuImageProcessor
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained('adept-hf-collab/fuyu-8b')
image_processor = FuyuImageProcessor()
processor = FuyuProcessor(image_processor=image_processor, tokenizer=tokenizer)
text_prompt = "Generate a coco-style caption.\\n"
bus_image_url = "https://huggingface.co/datasets/hf-internal-testing/fixtures-captioning/resolve/main/bus.png"
bus_image_pil = Image.open(io.BytesIO(requests.get(bus_image_url).content))
inputs_to_model = processor(images=bus_image_pil, text=text_prompt)
```
This model was contributed by [Molbap](https://huggingface.co/Molbap).
The original code can be found [here](https://github.com/persimmon-ai-labs/adept-inference).
- Fuyu uses a `sentencepiece` based tokenizer, with a `Unigram` model. It supports bytefallback, which is only available in `tokenizers==0.14.0` for the fast tokenizer.
The `LlamaTokenizer` is used as it is a standard wrapper around sentencepiece.
- The authors suggest to use the following prompt for image captioning: `f"Generate a coco-style caption.\\n"` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/fuyu.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/fuyu/#overview | #overview | .md | 107_1 |
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`FuyuForCausalLM`]. It is used to instantiate an
Fuyu model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a configuration
with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the
[adept/fuyu-8b](https://huggingface.co/adept/fuyu-8b).
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Args:
vocab_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 262144):
Vocabulary size of the Fuyu model. Defines the number of different tokens that can be represented by the
`inputs_ids` passed when calling [`FuyuForCausalLM`]
hidden_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 4096):
Dimension of the hidden representations.
intermediate_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 16384):
Dimension of the MLP representations.
num_hidden_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 36):
Number of hidden layers in the Transformer encoder.
num_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 64):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer encoder.
hidden_act (`str` or `function`, *optional*, defaults to `"relu2"`):
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the decoder.
max_position_embeddings (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 16384):
The maximum sequence length that this model might ever be used with.
image_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 300):
The input image size.
patch_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 30):
The input vision transformer encoding patch size.
num_channels (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3):
The input image number of channels.
initializer_range (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.02):
The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.
layer_norm_eps (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1e-05):
The epsilon used by the rms normalization layers.
use_cache (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether or not the model should return the last key/values attentions (not used by all models). Only
relevant if `config.is_decoder=True`. Whether to tie weight embeddings
tie_word_embeddings (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Whether to tie input and output embeddings.
rope_theta (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 25000.0):
The base period of the RoPE embeddings.
rope_scaling (`Dict`, *optional*):
Dictionary containing the scaling configuration for the RoPE embeddings. Currently supports two scaling
strategies: linear and dynamic. Their scaling factor must be a float greater than 1. The expected format is
`{"type": strategy name, "factor": scaling factor}`. When using this flag, don't update
`max_position_embeddings` to the expected new maximum. See the following thread for more information on how
these scaling strategies behave:
https://www.reddit.com/r/LocalFuyu/comments/14mrgpr/dynamically_scaled_rope_further_increases/. This is an
experimental feature, subject to breaking API changes in future versions.
qk_layernorm (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether or not to normalize the Queries and Keys after projecting the hidden states
hidden_dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The dropout ratio after applying the MLP to the hidden states.
attention_dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The dropout ratio after computing the attention scores.
partial_rotary_factor (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.5):
Percentage of the query and keys which will have rotary embedding.
pad_token_id (`int`, *optional*):
The id of the *padding* token.
bos_token_id (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 1):
The id of the *beginning-of-sequence* token.
eos_token_id (`Union[int, List[int]]`, *optional*, defaults to 2):
The id of the *end-of-sequence* token. Optionally, use a list to set multiple *end-of-sequence* tokens.
text_config (`dict`, *optional*):
Dictionary of configuration options used to initialize the `language``[`Aut`].
```python
>>> from transformers import FuyuConfig
>>> # Initializing a Fuyu fuyu-7b style configuration
>>> configuration = FuyuConfig()
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/fuyu.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/fuyu/#fuyuconfig | #fuyuconfig | .md | 107_2 |
Fuyu Model with a language modeling head on top for causal language model conditioned on image patches and text.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`FuyuConfig`]):
Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not
load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the
[`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/fuyu.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/fuyu/#fuyuforcausallm | #fuyuforcausallm | .md | 107_3 |
This class should handle the image processing part before the main FuyuForCausalLM. In particular, it should
handle:
- Processing Images:
Taking a batch of images as input. If the images are variable-sized, it resizes them based on the desired patch
dimensions. The image output is always img_h, img_w of (1080, 1920)
Then, it patches up these images using the patchify_image function.
- Creating Image Input IDs:
For each patch, a placeholder ID is given to identify where these patches belong in a token sequence. For
variable-sized images, each line of patches is terminated with a newline ID.
- Image Patch Indices:
For each image patch, the code maintains an index where these patches should be inserted in a token stream.
Args:
do_resize (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to resize the image to `size`.
size (`Dict[str, int]`, *optional*, defaults to `{"height": 1080, "width": 1920}`):
Dictionary in the format `{"height": int, "width": int}` specifying the size of the output image.
resample (`PILImageResampling`, *optional*, defaults to `Resampling.BILINEAR`):
`PILImageResampling` filter to use when resizing the image e.g. `PILImageResampling.BILINEAR`.
do_pad (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to pad the image to `size`.
padding_value (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1.0):
The value to pad the image with.
padding_mode (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"constant"`):
The padding mode to use when padding the image.
do_normalize (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to normalize the image.
image_mean (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.5):
The mean to use when normalizing the image.
image_std (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.5):
The standard deviation to use when normalizing the image.
do_rescale (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to rescale the image.
rescale_factor (`float`, *optional*, defaults to `1 / 255`):
The factor to use when rescaling the image.
patch_size (`Dict[str, int]`, *optional*, defaults to `{"height": 30, "width": 30}`):
Dictionary in the format `{"height": int, "width": int}` specifying the size of the patches.
Methods: __call__ | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/fuyu.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/fuyu/#fuyuimageprocessor | #fuyuimageprocessor | .md | 107_4 |
Constructs a Fuyu processor which wraps a Fuyu image processor and a Llama tokenizer into a single processor.
[`FuyuProcessor`] offers all the functionalities of [`FuyuImageProcessor`] and [`LlamaTokenizerFast`]. See the
[`~FuyuProcessor.__call__`] and [`~FuyuProcessor.decode`] for more information.
Args:
image_processor ([`FuyuImageProcessor`]):
The image processor is a required input.
tokenizer ([`LlamaTokenizerFast`]):
The tokenizer is a required input.
Methods: __call__ | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/fuyu.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/fuyu/#fuyuprocessor | #fuyuprocessor | .md | 107_5 |
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|
The myt5 model was proposed in [MYTE: Morphology-Driven Byte Encoding for Better and Fairer Multilingual Language Modeling](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2403.10691.pdf) by Tomasz Limisiewicz, Terra Blevins, Hila Gonen, Orevaoghene Ahia, and Luke Zettlemoyer.
MyT5 (**My**te **T5**) is a multilingual language model based on T5 architecture.
The model uses a **m**orphologically-driven **byte** (**MYTE**) representation described in our paper.
**MYTE** uses codepoints corresponding to morphemes in contrast to characters used in UTF-8 encoding.
As a pre-requisite, we used unsupervised morphological segmentation ([Morfessor](https://aclanthology.org/E14-2006.pdf)) to obtain morpheme inventories for 99 languages.
However, the morphological segmentation step is not needed when using the pre-defined morpheme inventory from the hub (see: [Tomli/myt5-base](https://huggingface.co/Tomlim/myt5-base)).
The abstract from the paper is the following:
*A major consideration in multilingual language modeling is how to best represent languages with diverse vocabularies and scripts. Although contemporary text encoding methods cover most of the world’s writing systems, they exhibit bias towards the high-resource languages of the Global West. As a result, texts of underrepresented languages tend to be segmented into long sequences of linguistically meaningless units. To address the disparities, we introduce a new paradigm that encodes the same information with segments of consistent size across diverse languages. Our encoding convention (MYTE) is based on morphemes, as their inventories are more balanced across languages than characters, which are used in previous methods. We show that MYTE produces shorter encodings for all 99 analyzed languages, with the most notable improvements for non-European languages and non-Latin scripts. This, in turn, improves multilingual LM performance and diminishes the perplexity gap throughout diverse languages.*
This model was contributed by [Tomasz Limisiewicz](https://huggingface.co/Tomlim).
The original code can be found [here](https://github.com/tomlimi/MYTE). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/myt5.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/myt5/#overview | #overview | .md | 108_1 |
Construct a MyT5 tokenizer.
This tokenizer inherits from [`PreTrainedTokenizer`] which contains most of the main methods. Users should refer to
this superclass for more information regarding those methods.
Args:
vocab_file (`str`): The file containing the byte rewriting rules.
eos_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"</s>"`):
The end of sequence token.
unk_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"<unk>"`):
The unknown token. A token that is not in the vocabulary cannot be converted to an ID and is set to be this
token instead.
pad_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"<pad>"`):
The token used for padding, for example when batching sequences of different lengths.
extra_ids (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 125):
Add a number of extra ids added to the end of the vocabulary for use as sentinels. These tokens are
accessible as "<extra_id_{%d}>" where "{%d}" is a number between 0 and extra_ids-1. Extra tokens are
indexed from the end of the vocabulary up to beginning ("<extra_id_0>" is the last token in the vocabulary
like in ByT5 preprocessing see
[here](https://github.com/google-research/text-to-text-transfer-transformer/blob/9fd7b14a769417be33bc6c850f9598764913c833/t5/data/preprocessors.py#L2117)).
additional_special_tokens (`List[str]`, *optional*):
Additional special tokens used by the tokenizer.
Methods: build_inputs_with_special_tokens
- get_special_tokens_mask
- create_token_type_ids_from_sequences
- save_vocabulary
Construct a MyT5 tokenizer.
This tokenizer inherits from [`PreTrainedTokenizer`] which contains most of the main methods. Users should refer to
this superclass for more information regarding those methods.
Args:
vocab_file (`str`): The file containing the byte rewriting rules.
eos_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"</s>"`):
The end of sequence token.
unk_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"<unk>"`):
The unknown token. A token that is not in the vocabulary cannot be converted to an ID and is set to be this
token instead.
pad_token (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"<pad>"`):
The token used for padding, for example when batching sequences of different lengths.
extra_ids (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 125):
Add a number of extra ids added to the end of the vocabulary for use as sentinels. These tokens are
accessible as "<extra_id_{%d}>" where "{%d}" is a number between 0 and extra_ids-1. Extra tokens are
indexed from the end of the vocabulary up to beginning ("<extra_id_0>" is the last token in the vocabulary
like in ByT5 preprocessing see
[here](https://github.com/google-research/text-to-text-transfer-transformer/blob/9fd7b14a769417be33bc6c850f9598764913c833/t5/data/preprocessors.py#L2117)).
additional_special_tokens (`List[str]`, *optional*):
Additional special tokens used by the tokenizer. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/myt5.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/myt5/#myt5tokenizer | #myt5tokenizer | .md | 108_2 |
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|
The [`VisionEncoderDecoderModel`] can be used to initialize an image-to-text model with any
pretrained Transformer-based vision model as the encoder (*e.g.* [ViT](vit), [BEiT](beit), [DeiT](deit), [Swin](swin))
and any pretrained language model as the decoder (*e.g.* [RoBERTa](roberta), [GPT2](gpt2), [BERT](bert), [DistilBERT](distilbert)).
The effectiveness of initializing image-to-text-sequence models with pretrained checkpoints has been shown in (for
example) [TrOCR: Transformer-based Optical Character Recognition with Pre-trained Models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.10282) by Minghao Li, Tengchao Lv, Lei Cui, Yijuan Lu, Dinei Florencio, Cha Zhang,
Zhoujun Li, Furu Wei.
After such a [`VisionEncoderDecoderModel`] has been trained/fine-tuned, it can be saved/loaded just like any other models (see the examples below
for more information).
An example application is image captioning, in which the encoder is used to encode the image, after which an autoregressive language model generates
the caption. Another example is optical character recognition. Refer to [TrOCR](trocr), which is an instance of [`VisionEncoderDecoderModel`]. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder/#overview | #overview | .md | 109_1 |
[`VisionEncoderDecoderModel`] can be randomly initialized from an encoder and a decoder config. In the following example, we show how to do this using the default [`ViTModel`] configuration for the encoder
and the default [`BertForCausalLM`] configuration for the decoder.
```python
>>> from transformers import BertConfig, ViTConfig, VisionEncoderDecoderConfig, VisionEncoderDecoderModel
>>> config_encoder = ViTConfig()
>>> config_decoder = BertConfig()
>>> config = VisionEncoderDecoderConfig.from_encoder_decoder_configs(config_encoder, config_decoder)
>>> model = VisionEncoderDecoderModel(config=config)
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder/#randomly-initializing-visionencoderdecodermodel-from-model-configurations | #randomly-initializing-visionencoderdecodermodel-from-model-configurations | .md | 109_2 |
[`VisionEncoderDecoderModel`] can be initialized from a pretrained encoder checkpoint and a pretrained decoder checkpoint. Note that any pretrained Transformer-based vision model, *e.g.* [Swin](swin), can serve as the encoder and both pretrained auto-encoding models, *e.g.* BERT, pretrained causal language models, *e.g.* GPT2, as well as the pretrained decoder part of sequence-to-sequence models, *e.g.* decoder of BART, can be used as the decoder.
Depending on which architecture you choose as the decoder, the cross-attention layers might be randomly initialized.
Initializing [`VisionEncoderDecoderModel`] from a pretrained encoder and decoder checkpoint requires the model to be fine-tuned on a downstream task, as has been shown in [the *Warm-starting-encoder-decoder blog post*](https://huggingface.co/blog/warm-starting-encoder-decoder).
To do so, the `VisionEncoderDecoderModel` class provides a [`VisionEncoderDecoderModel.from_encoder_decoder_pretrained`] method.
```python
>>> from transformers import VisionEncoderDecoderModel
>>> model = VisionEncoderDecoderModel.from_encoder_decoder_pretrained(
... "microsoft/swin-base-patch4-window7-224-in22k", "google-bert/bert-base-uncased"
... )
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder/#initialising-visionencoderdecodermodel-from-a-pretrained-encoder-and-a-pretrained-decoder | #initialising-visionencoderdecodermodel-from-a-pretrained-encoder-and-a-pretrained-decoder | .md | 109_3 |
To load fine-tuned checkpoints of the `VisionEncoderDecoderModel` class, [`VisionEncoderDecoderModel`] provides the `from_pretrained(...)` method just like any other model architecture in Transformers.
To perform inference, one uses the [`generate`] method, which allows to autoregressively generate text. This method supports various forms of decoding, such as greedy, beam search and multinomial sampling.
```python
>>> import requests
>>> from PIL import Image
>>> from transformers import GPT2TokenizerFast, ViTImageProcessor, VisionEncoderDecoderModel
>>> # load a fine-tuned image captioning model and corresponding tokenizer and image processor
>>> model = VisionEncoderDecoderModel.from_pretrained("nlpconnect/vit-gpt2-image-captioning")
>>> tokenizer = GPT2TokenizerFast.from_pretrained("nlpconnect/vit-gpt2-image-captioning")
>>> image_processor = ViTImageProcessor.from_pretrained("nlpconnect/vit-gpt2-image-captioning")
>>> # let's perform inference on an image
>>> url = "http://images.cocodataset.org/val2017/000000039769.jpg"
>>> image = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw)
>>> pixel_values = image_processor(image, return_tensors="pt").pixel_values
>>> # autoregressively generate caption (uses greedy decoding by default)
>>> generated_ids = model.generate(pixel_values)
>>> generated_text = tokenizer.batch_decode(generated_ids, skip_special_tokens=True)[0]
>>> print(generated_text)
a cat laying on a blanket next to a cat laying on a bed
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder/#loading-an-existing-visionencoderdecodermodel-checkpoint-and-perform-inference | #loading-an-existing-visionencoderdecodermodel-checkpoint-and-perform-inference | .md | 109_4 |
[`TFVisionEncoderDecoderModel.from_pretrained`] currently doesn't support initializing the model from a
PyTorch checkpoint. Passing `from_pt=True` to this method will throw an exception. If there are only PyTorch
checkpoints for a particular vision encoder-decoder model, a workaround is:
```python
>>> from transformers import VisionEncoderDecoderModel, TFVisionEncoderDecoderModel
>>> _model = VisionEncoderDecoderModel.from_pretrained("nlpconnect/vit-gpt2-image-captioning")
>>> _model.encoder.save_pretrained("./encoder")
>>> _model.decoder.save_pretrained("./decoder")
>>> model = TFVisionEncoderDecoderModel.from_encoder_decoder_pretrained(
... "./encoder", "./decoder", encoder_from_pt=True, decoder_from_pt=True
... )
>>> # This is only for copying some specific attributes of this particular model.
>>> model.config = _model.config
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder/#loading-a-pytorch-checkpoint-into-tfvisionencoderdecodermodel | #loading-a-pytorch-checkpoint-into-tfvisionencoderdecodermodel | .md | 109_5 |
Once the model is created, it can be fine-tuned similar to BART, T5 or any other encoder-decoder model on a dataset of (image, text) pairs.
As you can see, only 2 inputs are required for the model in order to compute a loss: `pixel_values` (which are the
images) and `labels` (which are the `input_ids` of the encoded target sequence).
```python
>>> from transformers import ViTImageProcessor, BertTokenizer, VisionEncoderDecoderModel
>>> from datasets import load_dataset
>>> image_processor = ViTImageProcessor.from_pretrained("google/vit-base-patch16-224-in21k")
>>> tokenizer = BertTokenizer.from_pretrained("google-bert/bert-base-uncased")
>>> model = VisionEncoderDecoderModel.from_encoder_decoder_pretrained(
... "google/vit-base-patch16-224-in21k", "google-bert/bert-base-uncased"
... )
>>> model.config.decoder_start_token_id = tokenizer.cls_token_id
>>> model.config.pad_token_id = tokenizer.pad_token_id
>>> dataset = load_dataset("huggingface/cats-image")
>>> image = dataset["test"]["image"][0]
>>> pixel_values = image_processor(image, return_tensors="pt").pixel_values
>>> labels = tokenizer(
... "an image of two cats chilling on a couch",
... return_tensors="pt",
... ).input_ids
>>> # the forward function automatically creates the correct decoder_input_ids
>>> loss = model(pixel_values=pixel_values, labels=labels).loss
```
This model was contributed by [nielsr](https://github.com/nielsrogge). This model's TensorFlow and Flax versions
were contributed by [ydshieh](https://github.com/ydshieh). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder/#training | #training | .md | 109_6 |
[`VisionEncoderDecoderConfig`] is the configuration class to store the configuration of a
[`VisionEncoderDecoderModel`]. It is used to instantiate a Vision-Encoder-Text-Decoder model according to the
specified arguments, defining the encoder and decoder configs.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Args:
kwargs (*optional*):
Dictionary of keyword arguments. Notably:
- **encoder** ([`PretrainedConfig`], *optional*) -- An instance of a configuration object that defines
the encoder config.
- **decoder** ([`PretrainedConfig`], *optional*) -- An instance of a configuration object that defines
the decoder config.
Examples:
```python
>>> from transformers import BertConfig, ViTConfig, VisionEncoderDecoderConfig, VisionEncoderDecoderModel
>>> # Initializing a ViT & BERT style configuration
>>> config_encoder = ViTConfig()
>>> config_decoder = BertConfig()
>>> config = VisionEncoderDecoderConfig.from_encoder_decoder_configs(config_encoder, config_decoder)
>>> # Initializing a ViTBert model (with random weights) from a ViT & google-bert/bert-base-uncased style configurations
>>> model = VisionEncoderDecoderModel(config=config)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> config_encoder = model.config.encoder
>>> config_decoder = model.config.decoder
>>> # set decoder config to causal lm
>>> config_decoder.is_decoder = True
>>> config_decoder.add_cross_attention = True
>>> # Saving the model, including its configuration
>>> model.save_pretrained("my-model")
>>> # loading model and config from pretrained folder
>>> encoder_decoder_config = VisionEncoderDecoderConfig.from_pretrained("my-model")
>>> model = VisionEncoderDecoderModel.from_pretrained("my-model", config=encoder_decoder_config)
```
<frameworkcontent>
<pt> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder/#visionencoderdecoderconfig | #visionencoderdecoderconfig | .md | 109_7 |
This class can be used to initialize an image-to-text-sequence model with any pretrained vision autoencoding model
as the encoder and any pretrained text autoregressive model as the decoder. The encoder is loaded via
[`~AutoModel.from_pretrained`] function and the decoder is loaded via [`~AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained`]
function. Cross-attention layers are automatically added to the decoder and should be fine-tuned on a downstream
generative task, like image captioning.
The effectiveness of initializing sequence-to-sequence models with pretrained checkpoints for sequence generation
tasks was shown in [Leveraging Pre-trained Checkpoints for Sequence Generation
Tasks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.12461) by Sascha Rothe, Shashi Narayan, Aliaksei Severyn. Michael Matena, Yanqi
Zhou, Wei Li, Peter J. Liu.
Additionally, in [TrOCR: Transformer-based Optical Character Recognition with Pre-trained
Models](https://arxiv.org/abs/2109.10282) it is shown how leveraging large pretrained vision models for optical
character recognition (OCR) yields a significant performance improvement.
After such a Vision-Encoder-Text-Decoder model has been trained/fine-tuned, it can be saved/loaded just like any
other models (see the examples for more information).
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`VisionEncoderDecoderConfig`]): Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the [`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
[`VisionEncoderDecoderModel`] is a generic model class that will be instantiated as a transformer architecture with
one of the base vision model classes of the library as encoder and another one as decoder when created with the
:meth*~transformers.AutoModel.from_pretrained* class method for the encoder and
:meth*~transformers.AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained* class method for the decoder.
Methods: forward
- from_encoder_decoder_pretrained
</pt>
<tf> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder/#visionencoderdecodermodel | #visionencoderdecodermodel | .md | 109_8 |
No docstring available for TFVisionEncoderDecoderModel
Methods: call
- from_encoder_decoder_pretrained
</tf>
<jax> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder/#tfvisionencoderdecodermodel | #tfvisionencoderdecodermodel | .md | 109_9 |
No docstring available for FlaxVisionEncoderDecoderModel
Methods: __call__
- from_encoder_decoder_pretrained
</jax>
</frameworkcontent> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/vision-encoder-decoder/#flaxvisionencoderdecodermodel | #flaxvisionencoderdecodermodel | .md | 109_10 |
[C4AI Command R7B](https://cohere.com/blog/command-r7b) is an open weights research release of a 7B billion parameter model developed by Cohere and Cohere For AI. It has advanced capabilities optimized for various use cases, including reasoning, summarization, question answering, and code. The model is trained to perform sophisticated tasks including Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) and tool use. The model also has powerful agentic capabilities that can use and combine multiple tools over multiple steps to accomplish more difficult tasks. It obtains top performance on enterprise-relevant code use cases. C4AI Command R7B is a multilingual model trained on 23 languages.
The model features three layers with sliding window attention (window size 4096) and ROPE for efficient local context modeling and relative positional encoding. A fourth layer uses global attention without positional embeddings, enabling unrestricted token interactions across the entire sequence.
The model has been trained on 23 languages: English, French, Spanish, Italian, German, Portuguese, Japanese, Korean, Arabic, Chinese, Russian, Polish, Turkish, Vietnamese, Dutch, Czech, Indonesian, Ukrainian, Romanian, Greek, Hindi, Hebrew, and Persian. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/cohere2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/cohere2/#overview | #overview | .md | 110_0 |
The model and tokenizer can be loaded via:
```python
# pip install transformers
from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForCausalLM
model_id = "CohereForAI/c4ai-command-r7b-12-2024"
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_id)
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_id)
# Format message with the command-r chat template
messages = [{"role": "user", "content": "Hello, how are you?"}]
input_ids = tokenizer.apply_chat_template(messages, tokenize=True, add_generation_prompt=True, return_tensors="pt")
gen_tokens = model.generate(
input_ids,
max_new_tokens=100,
do_sample=True,
temperature=0.3,
)
gen_text = tokenizer.decode(gen_tokens[0])
print(gen_text)
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/cohere2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/cohere2/#usage-tips | #usage-tips | .md | 110_1 |
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`CohereModel`]. It is used to instantiate an Cohere
model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information. Instantiating a configuration
with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the [CohereForAI/c4ai-command-r-v01](https://huggingface.co/CohereForAI/c4ai-command-r-v01) model.
Args:
vocab_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 256000):
Vocabulary size of the Cohere model. Defines the number of different tokens that can be represented by the
`inputs_ids` passed when calling [`CohereModel`]
hidden_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 8192):
Dimension of the hidden representations.
intermediate_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 22528):
Dimension of the MLP representations.
logit_scale (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0625):
The scaling factor for the output logits.
num_hidden_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 40):
Number of hidden layers in the Transformer decoder.
num_attention_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 64):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer decoder.
num_key_value_heads (`int`, *optional*):
This is the number of key_value heads that should be used to implement Grouped Query Attention. If
`num_key_value_heads=num_attention_heads`, the model will use Multi Head Attention (MHA), if
`num_key_value_heads=1` the model will use Multi Query Attention (MQA) otherwise GQA is used. When
converting a multi-head checkpoint to a GQA checkpoint, each group key and value head should be constructed
by meanpooling all the original heads within that group. For more details checkout [this
paper](https://arxiv.org/pdf/2305.13245.pdf). If it is not specified, will default to
`num_attention_heads`.
hidden_act (`str` or `function`, *optional*, defaults to `"silu"`):
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the decoder.
max_position_embeddings (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 8192):
The maximum sequence length that this model might ever be used with.
initializer_range (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.02):
The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.
layer_norm_eps (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1e-05):
The epsilon used by the layer normalization.
use_cache (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether or not the model should return the last key/values attentions (not used by all models). Only
relevant if `config.is_decoder=True`.
pad_token_id (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 0):
Padding token id.
bos_token_id (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 5):
Beginning of stream token id.
eos_token_id (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 255001):
End of stream token id.
tie_word_embeddings (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether to tie weight embeddings
rope_theta (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 10000.0):
The base period of the RoPE embeddings.
rope_scaling (`Dict`, *optional*):
Dictionary containing the scaling configuration for the RoPE embeddings. NOTE: if you apply new rope type
and you expect the model to work on longer `max_position_embeddings`, we recommend you to update this value
accordingly.
Expected contents:
`rope_type` (`str`):
The sub-variant of RoPE to use. Can be one of ['default', 'linear', 'dynamic', 'yarn', 'longrope',
'llama3'], with 'default' being the original RoPE implementation.
`factor` (`float`, *optional*):
Used with all rope types except 'default'. The scaling factor to apply to the RoPE embeddings. In
most scaling types, a `factor` of x will enable the model to handle sequences of length x *
original maximum pre-trained length.
`original_max_position_embeddings` (`int`, *optional*):
Used with 'dynamic', 'longrope' and 'llama3'. The original max position embeddings used during
pretraining.
`attention_factor` (`float`, *optional*):
Used with 'yarn' and 'longrope'. The scaling factor to be applied on the attention
computation. If unspecified, it defaults to value recommended by the implementation, using the
`factor` field to infer the suggested value.
`beta_fast` (`float`, *optional*):
Only used with 'yarn'. Parameter to set the boundary for extrapolation (only) in the linear
ramp function. If unspecified, it defaults to 32.
`beta_slow` (`float`, *optional*):
Only used with 'yarn'. Parameter to set the boundary for interpolation (only) in the linear
ramp function. If unspecified, it defaults to 1.
`short_factor` (`List[float]`, *optional*):
Only used with 'longrope'. The scaling factor to be applied to short contexts (<
`original_max_position_embeddings`). Must be a list of numbers with the same length as the hidden
size divided by the number of attention heads divided by 2
`long_factor` (`List[float]`, *optional*):
Only used with 'longrope'. The scaling factor to be applied to long contexts (<
`original_max_position_embeddings`). Must be a list of numbers with the same length as the hidden
size divided by the number of attention heads divided by 2
`low_freq_factor` (`float`, *optional*):
Only used with 'llama3'. Scaling factor applied to low frequency components of the RoPE
`high_freq_factor` (`float`, *optional*):
Only used with 'llama3'. Scaling factor applied to high frequency components of the RoPE
attention_bias (`bool`, defaults to `False`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Whether to use a bias in the query, key, value and output projection layers during self-attention.
attention_dropout (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.0):
The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities.
sliding_window (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 4096):
Size of the sliding window attention context.
sliding_window_pattern (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 4):
Pattern for the sliding window attention.
cache_implementation (`str`, *optional*, defaults to `"hybrid"`): the cache type to be used with `generate`.
```python
>>> from transformers import Cohere2Model, Cohere2Config
>>> # Initializing a Cohere Nextmodel configuration
>>> configuration = Cohere2Config()
>>> # Initializing a model from the Cohere2 configuration
>>> model = Cohere2Model(configuration) # doctest: +SKIP
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.config # doctest: +SKIP
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/cohere2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/cohere2/#cohere2config | #cohere2config | .md | 110_2 |
The bare Cohere2 Model outputting raw hidden-states without any specific head on top.
This model inherits from [`PreTrainedModel`]. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.)
This model is also a PyTorch [torch.nn.Module](https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/nn.html#torch.nn.Module) subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.
Parameters:
config ([`Cohere2Config`]):
Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model. Initializing with a config file does not
load the weights associated with the model, only the configuration. Check out the
[`~PreTrainedModel.from_pretrained`] method to load the model weights.
Transformer decoder consisting of *config.num_hidden_layers* layers. Each layer is a [`Cohere2DecoderLayer`]
Args:
config: Cohere2Config
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/cohere2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/cohere2/#cohere2model | #cohere2model | .md | 110_3 |
No docstring available for Cohere2ForCausalLM
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/cohere2.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/cohere2/#cohere2forcausallm | #cohere2forcausallm | .md | 110_4 |
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--> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/matcha.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/matcha/ | .md | 111_0 |
|
MatCha has been proposed in the paper [MatCha: Enhancing Visual Language Pretraining with Math Reasoning and Chart Derendering](https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.09662), from Fangyu Liu, Francesco Piccinno, Syrine Krichene, Chenxi Pang, Kenton Lee, Mandar Joshi, Yasemin Altun, Nigel Collier, Julian Martin Eisenschlos.
The abstract of the paper states the following:
*Visual language data such as plots, charts, and infographics are ubiquitous in the human world. However, state-of-the-art vision-language models do not perform well on these data. We propose MatCha (Math reasoning and Chart derendering pretraining) to enhance visual language models' capabilities in jointly modeling charts/plots and language data. Specifically, we propose several pretraining tasks that cover plot deconstruction and numerical reasoning which are the key capabilities in visual language modeling. We perform the MatCha pretraining starting from Pix2Struct, a recently proposed image-to-text visual language model. On standard benchmarks such as PlotQA and ChartQA, the MatCha model outperforms state-of-the-art methods by as much as nearly 20%. We also examine how well MatCha pretraining transfers to domains such as screenshots, textbook diagrams, and document figures and observe overall improvement, verifying the usefulness of MatCha pretraining on broader visual language tasks.* | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/matcha.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/matcha/#overview | #overview | .md | 111_1 |
MatCha is a model that is trained using `Pix2Struct` architecture. You can find more information about `Pix2Struct` in the [Pix2Struct documentation](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/en/model_doc/pix2struct).
MatCha is a Visual Question Answering subset of `Pix2Struct` architecture. It renders the input question on the image and predicts the answer. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/matcha.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/matcha/#model-description | #model-description | .md | 111_2 |
Currently 6 checkpoints are available for MatCha:
- `google/matcha`: the base MatCha model, used to fine-tune MatCha on downstream tasks
- `google/matcha-chartqa`: MatCha model fine-tuned on ChartQA dataset. It can be used to answer questions about charts.
- `google/matcha-plotqa-v1`: MatCha model fine-tuned on PlotQA dataset. It can be used to answer questions about plots.
- `google/matcha-plotqa-v2`: MatCha model fine-tuned on PlotQA dataset. It can be used to answer questions about plots.
- `google/matcha-chart2text-statista`: MatCha model fine-tuned on Statista dataset.
- `google/matcha-chart2text-pew`: MatCha model fine-tuned on Pew dataset.
The models finetuned on `chart2text-pew` and `chart2text-statista` are more suited for summarization, whereas the models finetuned on `plotqa` and `chartqa` are more suited for question answering.
You can use these models as follows (example on a ChatQA dataset):
```python
from transformers import AutoProcessor, Pix2StructForConditionalGeneration
import requests
from PIL import Image
model = Pix2StructForConditionalGeneration.from_pretrained("google/matcha-chartqa").to(0)
processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained("google/matcha-chartqa")
url = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/vis-nlp/ChartQA/main/ChartQA%20Dataset/val/png/20294671002019.png"
image = Image.open(requests.get(url, stream=True).raw)
inputs = processor(images=image, text="Is the sum of all 4 places greater than Laos?", return_tensors="pt").to(0)
predictions = model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens=512)
print(processor.decode(predictions[0], skip_special_tokens=True))
``` | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/matcha.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/matcha/#usage | #usage | .md | 111_3 |
To fine-tune MatCha, refer to the pix2struct [fine-tuning notebook](https://github.com/huggingface/notebooks/blob/main/examples/image_captioning_pix2struct.ipynb). For `Pix2Struct` models, we have found out that fine-tuning the model with Adafactor and cosine learning rate scheduler leads to faster convergence:
```python
from transformers.optimization import Adafactor, get_cosine_schedule_with_warmup
optimizer = Adafactor(self.parameters(), scale_parameter=False, relative_step=False, lr=0.01, weight_decay=1e-05)
scheduler = get_cosine_schedule_with_warmup(optimizer, num_warmup_steps=1000, num_training_steps=40000)
```
<Tip>
MatCha is a model that is trained using `Pix2Struct` architecture. You can find more information about `Pix2Struct` in the [Pix2Struct documentation](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/en/model_doc/pix2struct).
</Tip> | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/matcha.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/matcha/#fine-tuning | #fine-tuning | .md | 111_4 |
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The SwitchTransformers model was proposed in [Switch Transformers: Scaling to Trillion Parameter Models with Simple and Efficient Sparsity](https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.03961) by William Fedus, Barret Zoph, Noam Shazeer.
The Switch Transformer model uses a sparse T5 encoder-decoder architecture, where the MLP are replaced by a Mixture of Experts (MoE). A routing mechanism (top 1 in this case) associates each token to one of the expert, where each expert is a dense MLP. While switch transformers have a lot more weights than their equivalent dense models, the sparsity allows better scaling and better finetuning performance at scale.
During a forward pass, only a fraction of the weights are used. The routing mechanism allows the model to select relevant weights on the fly which increases the model capacity without increasing the number of operations.
The abstract from the paper is the following:
*In deep learning, models typically reuse the same parameters for all inputs. Mixture of Experts (MoE) defies this and instead selects different parameters for each incoming example. The result is a sparsely-activated model -- with outrageous numbers of parameters -- but a constant computational cost. However, despite several notable successes of MoE, widespread adoption has been hindered by complexity, communication costs and training instability -- we address these with the Switch Transformer. We simplify the MoE routing algorithm and design intuitive improved models with reduced communication and computational costs. Our proposed training techniques help wrangle the instabilities and we show large sparse models may be trained, for the first time, with lower precision (bfloat16) formats. We design models based off T5-Base and T5-Large to obtain up to 7x increases in pre-training speed with the same computational resources. These improvements extend into multilingual settings where we measure gains over the mT5-Base version across all 101 languages. Finally, we advance the current scale of language models by pre-training up to trillion parameter models on the "Colossal Clean Crawled Corpus" and achieve a 4x speedup over the T5-XXL model.*
This model was contributed by [Younes Belkada](https://huggingface.co/ybelkada) and [Arthur Zucker](https://huggingface.co/ArthurZ).
The original code can be found [here](https://github.com/google/flaxformer/tree/main/flaxformer/architectures/moe). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/switch_transformers.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/switch_transformers/#overview | #overview | .md | 112_1 |
- SwitchTransformers uses the [`T5Tokenizer`], which can be loaded directly from each model's repository.
- The released weights are pretrained on English [Masked Language Modeling](https://moon-ci-docs.huggingface.co/docs/transformers/pr_19323/en/glossary#general-terms) task, and should be finetuned. | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/switch_transformers.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/switch_transformers/#usage-tips | #usage-tips | .md | 112_2 |
- [Translation task guide](../tasks/translation)
- [Summarization task guide](../tasks/summarization) | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/switch_transformers.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/switch_transformers/#resources | #resources | .md | 112_3 |
This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a [`SwitchTransformersModel`]. It is used to
instantiate a SwitchTransformers model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture.
Instantiating a configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the
SwitchTransformers [google/switch-base-8](https://huggingface.co/google/switch-base-8) architecture.
Configuration objects inherit from [`PretrainedConfig`] and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from [`PretrainedConfig`] for more information.
Arguments:
vocab_size (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 32128):
Vocabulary size of the SwitchTransformers model. Defines the number of different tokens that can be
represented by the `inputs_ids` passed when calling [`SwitchTransformersModel`].
d_model (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 768):
Size of the encoder layers and the pooler layer.
d_kv (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 64):
Size of the key, query, value projections per attention head. `d_kv` has to be equal to `d_model //
num_heads`.
d_ff (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 2048):
Size of the intermediate feed forward layer in each `SwitchTransformersBlock`.
expert_capacity (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 64):
Number of tokens that can be stored in each expert. If set to 1, the model will behave like a regular
Transformer.
num_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12):
Number of dense hidden layers in the Transformer encoder layer.
num_sparse_encoder_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3):
Number of sparse (MoE) dense hidden layers in the Transformer encoder layer.
num_decoder_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12):
Number of hidden layers in the Transformer decoder. Will use the same value as `num_layers` if not set.
num_sparse_decoder_layers (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 3):
Number of sparse (MoE) dense hidden layers in the Transformer decoder layer.
num_heads (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 12):
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer encoder.
num_experts (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 8):
Number of experts for each SwitchTransformer layer.
router_bias (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Whether to add a bias to the router.
router_jitter_noise (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.01):
Amount of noise to add to the router.
router_dtype (`str`, *optional*, default to `"float32"`):
The `dtype` used for the routers. It is preferable to keep the `dtype` to `"float32"` as specified in the
*selective precision* discussion in [the paper](https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.03961).
router_ignore_padding_tokens (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Whether to ignore padding tokens when routing.
relative_attention_num_buckets (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 32):
The number of buckets to use for each attention layer.
relative_attention_max_distance (`int`, *optional*, defaults to 128):
The maximum distance of the longer sequences for the bucket separation.
dropout_rate (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.1):
The ratio for all dropout layers.
layer_norm_eps (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1e-6):
The epsilon used by the layer normalization layers.
router_z_loss_coef (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.001):
The z loss factor for the total loss.
router_aux_loss_coef (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 0.001):
The aux loss factor for the total loss.
initializer_factor (`float`, *optional*, defaults to 1.0):
A factor for initializing all weight matrices (should be kept to 1, used internally for initialization
testing).
dense_act_fn (`string`, *optional*, defaults to `"relu"`):
Type of feed forward layer to be used. Should be one of `"relu"` or `"gated-gelu"`. SwitchTransformersv1.1
uses the `"gated-gelu"` feed forward projection. Original SwitchTransformers uses `"relu"`.
add_router_probs (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `False`):
Whether to output router probabilities to compute router auxiliary loss.
use_cache (`bool`, *optional*, defaults to `True`):
Whether or not the model should return the last key/values attentions (not used by all models). | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/switch_transformers.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/switch_transformers/#switchtransformersconfig | #switchtransformersconfig | .md | 112_4 |
Router using tokens choose top-1 experts assignment.
This router uses the same mechanism as in Switch Transformer (https://arxiv.org/abs/2101.03961) and V-MoE
(https://arxiv.org/abs/2106.05974): tokens choose their top experts. Items are sorted by router_probs and then
routed to their choice of expert until the expert's expert_capacity is reached. **There is no guarantee that each
token is processed by an expert**, or that each expert receives at least one token.
Methods: _compute_router_probabilities
- forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/switch_transformers.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/switch_transformers/#switchtransformerstop1router | #switchtransformerstop1router | .md | 112_5 |
Implementation of the Switch Transformers Sparse MLP module.
Methods: forward | /Users/nielsrogge/Documents/python_projecten/transformers/docs/source/en/model_doc/switch_transformers.md | https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/en/model_doc/switch_transformers/#switchtransformerssparsemlp | #switchtransformerssparsemlp | .md | 112_6 |
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