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SQuAD
One of the main driving forces in the growth of the University was its football team, the Notre Dame Fighting Irish. Knute Rockne became head coach in 1918. Under Rockne, the Irish would post a record of 105 wins, 12 losses, and five ties. During his 13 years the Irish won three national championships, had five undefeated seasons, won the Rose Bowl in 1925, and produced players such as George Gipp and the "Four Horsemen". Knute Rockne has the highest winning percentage (.881) in NCAA Division I/FBS football history. Rockne's offenses employed the Notre Dame Box and his defenses ran a 7–2–2 scheme. The last game Rockne coached was on December 14, 1930 when he led a group of Notre Dame all-stars against the New York Giants in New York City.
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b2ef37ff2906452aa660144a22a4efab
How many national titles were won when Knute Rockne coached at Notre Dame?
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[ "three" ]
SQuAD
This Main Building, and the library collection, was entirely destroyed by a fire in April 1879, and the school closed immediately and students were sent home. The university founder, Fr. Sorin and the president at the time, the Rev. William Corby, immediately planned for the rebuilding of the structure that had housed virtually the entire University. Construction was started on the 17th of May and by the incredible zeal of administrator and workers the building was completed before the fall semester of 1879. The library collection was also rebuilt and stayed housed in the new Main Building for years afterwards. Around the time of the fire, a music hall was opened. Eventually becoming known as Washington Hall, it hosted plays and musical acts put on by the school. By 1880, a science program was established at the university, and a Science Hall (today LaFortune Student Center) was built in 1883. The hall housed multiple classrooms and science labs needed for early research at the university.
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0d7eec0d1da0483e92b31d9114d1d7ae
What was the music hall at Notre Dame called?
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[ "Washington Hall" ]
SQuAD
This Main Building, and the library collection, was entirely destroyed by a fire in April 1879, and the school closed immediately and students were sent home. The university founder, Fr. Sorin and the president at the time, the Rev. William Corby, immediately planned for the rebuilding of the structure that had housed virtually the entire University. Construction was started on the 17th of May and by the incredible zeal of administrator and workers the building was completed before the fall semester of 1879. The library collection was also rebuilt and stayed housed in the new Main Building for years afterwards. Around the time of the fire, a music hall was opened. Eventually becoming known as Washington Hall, it hosted plays and musical acts put on by the school. By 1880, a science program was established at the university, and a Science Hall (today LaFortune Student Center) was built in 1883. The hall housed multiple classrooms and science labs needed for early research at the university.
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82bbccf44b03492ca8e337577c678aff
In what year was the Main Building at Notre Dame razed in a fire?
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[ "1879" ]
SQuAD
This Main Building, and the library collection, was entirely destroyed by a fire in April 1879, and the school closed immediately and students were sent home. The university founder, Fr. Sorin and the president at the time, the Rev. William Corby, immediately planned for the rebuilding of the structure that had housed virtually the entire University. Construction was started on the 17th of May and by the incredible zeal of administrator and workers the building was completed before the fall semester of 1879. The library collection was also rebuilt and stayed housed in the new Main Building for years afterwards. Around the time of the fire, a music hall was opened. Eventually becoming known as Washington Hall, it hosted plays and musical acts put on by the school. By 1880, a science program was established at the university, and a Science Hall (today LaFortune Student Center) was built in 1883. The hall housed multiple classrooms and science labs needed for early research at the university.
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30f759c56b7942f5b5f2f1a67fbbceed
Who was the president of Notre Dame in 1879?
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[ "Rev. William Corby" ]
SQuAD
This Main Building, and the library collection, was entirely destroyed by a fire in April 1879, and the school closed immediately and students were sent home. The university founder, Fr. Sorin and the president at the time, the Rev. William Corby, immediately planned for the rebuilding of the structure that had housed virtually the entire University. Construction was started on the 17th of May and by the incredible zeal of administrator and workers the building was completed before the fall semester of 1879. The library collection was also rebuilt and stayed housed in the new Main Building for years afterwards. Around the time of the fire, a music hall was opened. Eventually becoming known as Washington Hall, it hosted plays and musical acts put on by the school. By 1880, a science program was established at the university, and a Science Hall (today LaFortune Student Center) was built in 1883. The hall housed multiple classrooms and science labs needed for early research at the university.
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84a1babafac24ce8ac89c8062b6631ed
On what date was the rebuilding of The Main Building begun at Notre Dame after the fire that claimed the previous?
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{ "text": [ "17th of May" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 385 ], "end": [ 395 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 70 ], "end": [ 72 ] } ] }
[ "17th of May" ]
SQuAD
This Main Building, and the library collection, was entirely destroyed by a fire in April 1879, and the school closed immediately and students were sent home. The university founder, Fr. Sorin and the president at the time, the Rev. William Corby, immediately planned for the rebuilding of the structure that had housed virtually the entire University. Construction was started on the 17th of May and by the incredible zeal of administrator and workers the building was completed before the fall semester of 1879. The library collection was also rebuilt and stayed housed in the new Main Building for years afterwards. Around the time of the fire, a music hall was opened. Eventually becoming known as Washington Hall, it hosted plays and musical acts put on by the school. By 1880, a science program was established at the university, and a Science Hall (today LaFortune Student Center) was built in 1883. The hall housed multiple classrooms and science labs needed for early research at the university.
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d202bd8644e04910afeea9066a90a5b5
What did the Science Hall at Notre Dame come to be known as?
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{ "text": [ "LaFortune Student Center" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 862 ], "end": [ 885 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 161 ], "end": [ 163 ] } ] }
[ "LaFortune Student Center" ]
SQuAD
In 1919 Father James Burns became president of Notre Dame, and in three years he produced an academic revolution that brought the school up to national standards by adopting the elective system and moving away from the university's traditional scholastic and classical emphasis. By contrast, the Jesuit colleges, bastions of academic conservatism, were reluctant to move to a system of electives. Their graduates were shut out of Harvard Law School for that reason. Notre Dame continued to grow over the years, adding more colleges, programs, and sports teams. By 1921, with the addition of the College of Commerce, Notre Dame had grown from a small college to a university with five colleges and a professional law school. The university continued to expand and add new residence halls and buildings with each subsequent president.
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598a87d044f24eceb18979ea32f6cdac
What type of education was pushed at Notre Dame before its embracing of national standards?
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{ "text": [ "scholastic and classical" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 244 ], "end": [ 267 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 41 ], "end": [ 43 ] } ] }
[ "scholastic and classical" ]
SQuAD
In 1919 Father James Burns became president of Notre Dame, and in three years he produced an academic revolution that brought the school up to national standards by adopting the elective system and moving away from the university's traditional scholastic and classical emphasis. By contrast, the Jesuit colleges, bastions of academic conservatism, were reluctant to move to a system of electives. Their graduates were shut out of Harvard Law School for that reason. Notre Dame continued to grow over the years, adding more colleges, programs, and sports teams. By 1921, with the addition of the College of Commerce, Notre Dame had grown from a small college to a university with five colleges and a professional law school. The university continued to expand and add new residence halls and buildings with each subsequent president.
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079143295fb54c80b8a1f6cc052408c6
Which college did Notre Dame add in 1921?
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{ "text": [ "College of Commerce" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 595 ], "end": [ 613 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 108 ], "end": [ 110 ] } ] }
[ "College of Commerce" ]
SQuAD
In 1919 Father James Burns became president of Notre Dame, and in three years he produced an academic revolution that brought the school up to national standards by adopting the elective system and moving away from the university's traditional scholastic and classical emphasis. By contrast, the Jesuit colleges, bastions of academic conservatism, were reluctant to move to a system of electives. Their graduates were shut out of Harvard Law School for that reason. Notre Dame continued to grow over the years, adding more colleges, programs, and sports teams. By 1921, with the addition of the College of Commerce, Notre Dame had grown from a small college to a university with five colleges and a professional law school. The university continued to expand and add new residence halls and buildings with each subsequent president.
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55646bb621824eaeadf5aab182e96511
In 1919 a new president of Notre Dame was named, who was it?
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{ "text": [ "Father James Burns" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 8 ], "end": [ 25 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 2 ], "end": [ 4 ] } ] }
[ "Father James Burns" ]
SQuAD
In 1919 Father James Burns became president of Notre Dame, and in three years he produced an academic revolution that brought the school up to national standards by adopting the elective system and moving away from the university's traditional scholastic and classical emphasis. By contrast, the Jesuit colleges, bastions of academic conservatism, were reluctant to move to a system of electives. Their graduates were shut out of Harvard Law School for that reason. Notre Dame continued to grow over the years, adding more colleges, programs, and sports teams. By 1921, with the addition of the College of Commerce, Notre Dame had grown from a small college to a university with five colleges and a professional law school. The university continued to expand and add new residence halls and buildings with each subsequent president.
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1e1cd978ea3548bdab9f18eab5bc6ab1
Over how many years did the change to national standards undertaken at Notre Dame in the early 20th century take place?
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{ "text": [ "three years" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 66 ], "end": [ 76 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 13 ], "end": [ 14 ] } ] }
[ "three years" ]
SQuAD
In 1919 Father James Burns became president of Notre Dame, and in three years he produced an academic revolution that brought the school up to national standards by adopting the elective system and moving away from the university's traditional scholastic and classical emphasis. By contrast, the Jesuit colleges, bastions of academic conservatism, were reluctant to move to a system of electives. Their graduates were shut out of Harvard Law School for that reason. Notre Dame continued to grow over the years, adding more colleges, programs, and sports teams. By 1921, with the addition of the College of Commerce, Notre Dame had grown from a small college to a university with five colleges and a professional law school. The university continued to expand and add new residence halls and buildings with each subsequent president.
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aed3340c896348a69b1c5f79231afc28
Those who attended a Jesuit college may have been forbidden from joining which Law School due to the curricula at the Jesuit institution?
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{ "text": [ "Harvard Law School" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 430 ], "end": [ 447 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 74 ], "end": [ 76 ] } ] }
[ "Harvard Law School" ]
SQuAD
The Rev. John J. Cavanaugh, C.S.C. served as president from 1946 to 1952. Cavanaugh's legacy at Notre Dame in the post-war years was devoted to raising academic standards and reshaping the university administration to suit it to an enlarged educational mission and an expanded student body and stressing advanced studies and research at a time when Notre Dame quadrupled in student census, undergraduate enrollment increased by more than half, and graduate student enrollment grew fivefold. Cavanaugh also established the Lobund Institute for Animal Studies and Notre Dame's Medieval Institute. Cavanaugh also presided over the construction of the Nieuwland Science Hall, Fisher Hall, and the Morris Inn, as well as the Hall of Liberal Arts (now O'Shaughnessy Hall), made possible by a donation from I.A. O'Shaughnessy, at the time the largest ever made to an American Catholic university. Cavanaugh also established a system of advisory councils at the university, which continue today and are vital to the university's governance and development
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1d78b8bb90c44d2c8226b90cf8e1a2ea
Around the time that Rev. Cavanaugh became president of Notre Dame by how much did the undergrad student body of Notre Dame increase?
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[ "more than half" ]
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The Rev. John J. Cavanaugh, C.S.C. served as president from 1946 to 1952. Cavanaugh's legacy at Notre Dame in the post-war years was devoted to raising academic standards and reshaping the university administration to suit it to an enlarged educational mission and an expanded student body and stressing advanced studies and research at a time when Notre Dame quadrupled in student census, undergraduate enrollment increased by more than half, and graduate student enrollment grew fivefold. Cavanaugh also established the Lobund Institute for Animal Studies and Notre Dame's Medieval Institute. Cavanaugh also presided over the construction of the Nieuwland Science Hall, Fisher Hall, and the Morris Inn, as well as the Hall of Liberal Arts (now O'Shaughnessy Hall), made possible by a donation from I.A. O'Shaughnessy, at the time the largest ever made to an American Catholic university. Cavanaugh also established a system of advisory councils at the university, which continue today and are vital to the university's governance and development
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c791514d687e4494b94d278f455d9647
Which institute involving animal life did Cavanaugh create at Notre Dame?
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{ "text": [ "Lobund Institute for Animal Studies" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 522 ], "end": [ 556 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 87 ], "end": [ 91 ] } ] }
[ "Lobund Institute for Animal Studies" ]
SQuAD
The Rev. John J. Cavanaugh, C.S.C. served as president from 1946 to 1952. Cavanaugh's legacy at Notre Dame in the post-war years was devoted to raising academic standards and reshaping the university administration to suit it to an enlarged educational mission and an expanded student body and stressing advanced studies and research at a time when Notre Dame quadrupled in student census, undergraduate enrollment increased by more than half, and graduate student enrollment grew fivefold. Cavanaugh also established the Lobund Institute for Animal Studies and Notre Dame's Medieval Institute. Cavanaugh also presided over the construction of the Nieuwland Science Hall, Fisher Hall, and the Morris Inn, as well as the Hall of Liberal Arts (now O'Shaughnessy Hall), made possible by a donation from I.A. O'Shaughnessy, at the time the largest ever made to an American Catholic university. Cavanaugh also established a system of advisory councils at the university, which continue today and are vital to the university's governance and development
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4bf0c8b8b05a461d94a30b4b6fd29b41
What is O'Shaughnessy Hall of Notre Dame formerly known as?
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[ "Hall of Liberal Arts" ]
SQuAD
The Rev. John J. Cavanaugh, C.S.C. served as president from 1946 to 1952. Cavanaugh's legacy at Notre Dame in the post-war years was devoted to raising academic standards and reshaping the university administration to suit it to an enlarged educational mission and an expanded student body and stressing advanced studies and research at a time when Notre Dame quadrupled in student census, undergraduate enrollment increased by more than half, and graduate student enrollment grew fivefold. Cavanaugh also established the Lobund Institute for Animal Studies and Notre Dame's Medieval Institute. Cavanaugh also presided over the construction of the Nieuwland Science Hall, Fisher Hall, and the Morris Inn, as well as the Hall of Liberal Arts (now O'Shaughnessy Hall), made possible by a donation from I.A. O'Shaughnessy, at the time the largest ever made to an American Catholic university. Cavanaugh also established a system of advisory councils at the university, which continue today and are vital to the university's governance and development
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9d8a5be032d04f5385966c14b82214c4
Which president did Notre Dame have in 1947?
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[ "Rev. John J. Cavanaugh, C.S.C." ]
SQuAD
The Rev. John J. Cavanaugh, C.S.C. served as president from 1946 to 1952. Cavanaugh's legacy at Notre Dame in the post-war years was devoted to raising academic standards and reshaping the university administration to suit it to an enlarged educational mission and an expanded student body and stressing advanced studies and research at a time when Notre Dame quadrupled in student census, undergraduate enrollment increased by more than half, and graduate student enrollment grew fivefold. Cavanaugh also established the Lobund Institute for Animal Studies and Notre Dame's Medieval Institute. Cavanaugh also presided over the construction of the Nieuwland Science Hall, Fisher Hall, and the Morris Inn, as well as the Hall of Liberal Arts (now O'Shaughnessy Hall), made possible by a donation from I.A. O'Shaughnessy, at the time the largest ever made to an American Catholic university. Cavanaugh also established a system of advisory councils at the university, which continue today and are vital to the university's governance and development
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f4ea8a0df1df49d5a79530916b403859
Outside of an institute studying animals, what other institute did Cavanugh create at Notre Dame?
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[ "Medieval Institute" ]
SQuAD
In the 18 years under the presidency of Edward Malloy, C.S.C., (1987–2005), there was a rapid growth in the school's reputation, faculty, and resources. He increased the faculty by more than 500 professors; the academic quality of the student body has improved dramatically, with the average SAT score rising from 1240 to 1360; the number of minority students more than doubled; the endowment grew from $350 million to more than $3 billion; the annual operating budget rose from $177 million to more than $650 million; and annual research funding improved from $15 million to more than $70 million. Notre Dame's most recent[when?] capital campaign raised $1.1 billion, far exceeding its goal of $767 million, and is the largest in the history of Catholic higher education.
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583637cd739b4df299c892f1ab38af1e
During what years was Edward Malloy president of Notre Dame?
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[ "1987–2005" ]
SQuAD
In the 18 years under the presidency of Edward Malloy, C.S.C., (1987–2005), there was a rapid growth in the school's reputation, faculty, and resources. He increased the faculty by more than 500 professors; the academic quality of the student body has improved dramatically, with the average SAT score rising from 1240 to 1360; the number of minority students more than doubled; the endowment grew from $350 million to more than $3 billion; the annual operating budget rose from $177 million to more than $650 million; and annual research funding improved from $15 million to more than $70 million. Notre Dame's most recent[when?] capital campaign raised $1.1 billion, far exceeding its goal of $767 million, and is the largest in the history of Catholic higher education.
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bab6ab162a254302b22f2b4a7d862e99
What was the SAT score, on average, at Notre Dame when Edward Malloy became president?
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[ "1240" ]
SQuAD
In the 18 years under the presidency of Edward Malloy, C.S.C., (1987–2005), there was a rapid growth in the school's reputation, faculty, and resources. He increased the faculty by more than 500 professors; the academic quality of the student body has improved dramatically, with the average SAT score rising from 1240 to 1360; the number of minority students more than doubled; the endowment grew from $350 million to more than $3 billion; the annual operating budget rose from $177 million to more than $650 million; and annual research funding improved from $15 million to more than $70 million. Notre Dame's most recent[when?] capital campaign raised $1.1 billion, far exceeding its goal of $767 million, and is the largest in the history of Catholic higher education.
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fff53f8f09a34174a4c6a0e94c79da41
When Malloy became president of Notre Dame what was the size of the endowment?
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{ "text": [ "$350 million" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 403 ], "end": [ 414 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 78 ], "end": [ 80 ] } ] }
[ "$350 million" ]
SQuAD
In the 18 years under the presidency of Edward Malloy, C.S.C., (1987–2005), there was a rapid growth in the school's reputation, faculty, and resources. He increased the faculty by more than 500 professors; the academic quality of the student body has improved dramatically, with the average SAT score rising from 1240 to 1360; the number of minority students more than doubled; the endowment grew from $350 million to more than $3 billion; the annual operating budget rose from $177 million to more than $650 million; and annual research funding improved from $15 million to more than $70 million. Notre Dame's most recent[when?] capital campaign raised $1.1 billion, far exceeding its goal of $767 million, and is the largest in the history of Catholic higher education.
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38cc0689bca4400a8c935a77a93738ba
When Malloy reached the end of his time as president how much annuals funding for research did Notre Dame have?
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{ "text": [ "more than $70 million" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 576 ], "end": [ 596 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 114 ], "end": [ 118 ] } ] }
[ "more than $70 million" ]
SQuAD
In the 18 years under the presidency of Edward Malloy, C.S.C., (1987–2005), there was a rapid growth in the school's reputation, faculty, and resources. He increased the faculty by more than 500 professors; the academic quality of the student body has improved dramatically, with the average SAT score rising from 1240 to 1360; the number of minority students more than doubled; the endowment grew from $350 million to more than $3 billion; the annual operating budget rose from $177 million to more than $650 million; and annual research funding improved from $15 million to more than $70 million. Notre Dame's most recent[when?] capital campaign raised $1.1 billion, far exceeding its goal of $767 million, and is the largest in the history of Catholic higher education.
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b772ddf6f392412e826a0620e6de5804
The amount of professors at Notre Dame increased by what amount under Malloy?
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{ "text": [ "500" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 191 ], "end": [ 193 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 40 ], "end": [ 40 ] } ] }
[ "500" ]
SQuAD
Since 2005, Notre Dame has been led by John I. Jenkins, C.S.C., the 17th president of the university. Jenkins took over the position from Malloy on July 1, 2005. In his inaugural address, Jenkins described his goals of making the university a leader in research that recognizes ethics and building the connection between faith and studies. During his tenure, Notre Dame has increased its endowment, enlarged its student body, and undergone many construction projects on campus, including Compton Family Ice Arena, a new architecture hall, additional residence halls, and the Campus Crossroads, a $400m enhancement and expansion of Notre Dame Stadium.
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143a016022794792859c11f6153d8aa1
When did John Jenkins become the president of Notre Dame?
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{ "text": [ "2005" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 6 ], "end": [ 9 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 1 ], "end": [ 1 ] } ] }
[ "2005" ]
SQuAD
Since 2005, Notre Dame has been led by John I. Jenkins, C.S.C., the 17th president of the university. Jenkins took over the position from Malloy on July 1, 2005. In his inaugural address, Jenkins described his goals of making the university a leader in research that recognizes ethics and building the connection between faith and studies. During his tenure, Notre Dame has increased its endowment, enlarged its student body, and undergone many construction projects on campus, including Compton Family Ice Arena, a new architecture hall, additional residence halls, and the Campus Crossroads, a $400m enhancement and expansion of Notre Dame Stadium.
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821bb9014351400ca822242e9adf1790
In terms of the amount of presidents Notre Dame has had, where is John Jenkins on the list?
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[ "17th" ]
SQuAD
Since 2005, Notre Dame has been led by John I. Jenkins, C.S.C., the 17th president of the university. Jenkins took over the position from Malloy on July 1, 2005. In his inaugural address, Jenkins described his goals of making the university a leader in research that recognizes ethics and building the connection between faith and studies. During his tenure, Notre Dame has increased its endowment, enlarged its student body, and undergone many construction projects on campus, including Compton Family Ice Arena, a new architecture hall, additional residence halls, and the Campus Crossroads, a $400m enhancement and expansion of Notre Dame Stadium.
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Who was the Notre Dame president that preceded John Jenkins?
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[ "Malloy" ]
SQuAD
Since 2005, Notre Dame has been led by John I. Jenkins, C.S.C., the 17th president of the university. Jenkins took over the position from Malloy on July 1, 2005. In his inaugural address, Jenkins described his goals of making the university a leader in research that recognizes ethics and building the connection between faith and studies. During his tenure, Notre Dame has increased its endowment, enlarged its student body, and undergone many construction projects on campus, including Compton Family Ice Arena, a new architecture hall, additional residence halls, and the Campus Crossroads, a $400m enhancement and expansion of Notre Dame Stadium.
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Which arena was constructed under Jenkins at Notre Dame?
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[ "Compton Family Ice Arena" ]
SQuAD
Since 2005, Notre Dame has been led by John I. Jenkins, C.S.C., the 17th president of the university. Jenkins took over the position from Malloy on July 1, 2005. In his inaugural address, Jenkins described his goals of making the university a leader in research that recognizes ethics and building the connection between faith and studies. During his tenure, Notre Dame has increased its endowment, enlarged its student body, and undergone many construction projects on campus, including Compton Family Ice Arena, a new architecture hall, additional residence halls, and the Campus Crossroads, a $400m enhancement and expansion of Notre Dame Stadium.
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How much money was spent on enhancing Notre Dame Stadium under John Jenkins?
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[ "$400m" ]
SQuAD
The College of Arts and Letters was established as the university's first college in 1842 with the first degrees given in 1849. The university's first academic curriculum was modeled after the Jesuit Ratio Studiorum from Saint Louis University. Today the college, housed in O'Shaughnessy Hall, includes 20 departments in the areas of fine arts, humanities, and social sciences, and awards Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degrees in 33 majors, making it the largest of the university's colleges. There are around 2,500 undergraduates and 750 graduates enrolled in the college.
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11c4188e84ce41b899fddf80e383444c
What was Notre Dame's first college?
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{ "text": [ "The College of Arts and Letters" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 4 ], "end": [ 30 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 1 ], "end": [ 5 ] } ] }
[ "The College of Arts and Letters" ]
SQuAD
The College of Arts and Letters was established as the university's first college in 1842 with the first degrees given in 1849. The university's first academic curriculum was modeled after the Jesuit Ratio Studiorum from Saint Louis University. Today the college, housed in O'Shaughnessy Hall, includes 20 departments in the areas of fine arts, humanities, and social sciences, and awards Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degrees in 33 majors, making it the largest of the university's colleges. There are around 2,500 undergraduates and 750 graduates enrolled in the college.
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c50b16d755b54052bed10b3ef36b50e4
In what year was the The College of Arts and Letters at Notre Dame created?
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{ "text": [ "1842" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 85 ], "end": [ 88 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 15 ], "end": [ 15 ] } ] }
[ "1842" ]
SQuAD
The College of Arts and Letters was established as the university's first college in 1842 with the first degrees given in 1849. The university's first academic curriculum was modeled after the Jesuit Ratio Studiorum from Saint Louis University. Today the college, housed in O'Shaughnessy Hall, includes 20 departments in the areas of fine arts, humanities, and social sciences, and awards Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degrees in 33 majors, making it the largest of the university's colleges. There are around 2,500 undergraduates and 750 graduates enrolled in the college.
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In what year did the College of Arts and Letters at Notre Dame grant its first degree?
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[ "1849" ]
SQuAD
The College of Arts and Letters was established as the university's first college in 1842 with the first degrees given in 1849. The university's first academic curriculum was modeled after the Jesuit Ratio Studiorum from Saint Louis University. Today the college, housed in O'Shaughnessy Hall, includes 20 departments in the areas of fine arts, humanities, and social sciences, and awards Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degrees in 33 majors, making it the largest of the university's colleges. There are around 2,500 undergraduates and 750 graduates enrolled in the college.
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On which university did Notre Dame base its curriculum on?
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{ "text": [ "Saint Louis University" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 221 ], "end": [ 242 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 38 ], "end": [ 40 ] } ] }
[ "Saint Louis University" ]
SQuAD
The College of Arts and Letters was established as the university's first college in 1842 with the first degrees given in 1849. The university's first academic curriculum was modeled after the Jesuit Ratio Studiorum from Saint Louis University. Today the college, housed in O'Shaughnessy Hall, includes 20 departments in the areas of fine arts, humanities, and social sciences, and awards Bachelor of Arts (B.A.) degrees in 33 majors, making it the largest of the university's colleges. There are around 2,500 undergraduates and 750 graduates enrolled in the college.
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How many BA majors does the College of Arts and Letters at Notre Dame offer?
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[ "33" ]
SQuAD
The university owns several centers around the world used for international studies and research, conferences abroad, and alumni support. The university has had a presence in London, England, since 1968. Since 1998, its London center has been based in the former United University Club at 1 Suffolk Street in Trafalgar Square. The center enables the Colleges of Arts & Letters, Business Administration, Science, Engineering and the Law School to develop their own programs in London, as well as hosting conferences and symposia. Other Global Gateways are located in Beijing, Chicago, Dublin, Jerusalem and Rome.
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In what year did Notre Dame first have a facility in England?
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[ "1968" ]
SQuAD
The university owns several centers around the world used for international studies and research, conferences abroad, and alumni support. The university has had a presence in London, England, since 1968. Since 1998, its London center has been based in the former United University Club at 1 Suffolk Street in Trafalgar Square. The center enables the Colleges of Arts & Letters, Business Administration, Science, Engineering and the Law School to develop their own programs in London, as well as hosting conferences and symposia. Other Global Gateways are located in Beijing, Chicago, Dublin, Jerusalem and Rome.
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7d60bc25f0744c81995dfb90747f3ee7
At which location is the London Center operated by Notre Dame found?
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{ "text": [ "1 Suffolk Street in Trafalgar Square" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 289 ], "end": [ 324 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 52 ], "end": [ 57 ] } ] }
[ "1 Suffolk Street in Trafalgar Square" ]
SQuAD
The university owns several centers around the world used for international studies and research, conferences abroad, and alumni support. The university has had a presence in London, England, since 1968. Since 1998, its London center has been based in the former United University Club at 1 Suffolk Street in Trafalgar Square. The center enables the Colleges of Arts & Letters, Business Administration, Science, Engineering and the Law School to develop their own programs in London, as well as hosting conferences and symposia. Other Global Gateways are located in Beijing, Chicago, Dublin, Jerusalem and Rome.
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b5063544bee74b57b26ae9f5f641cd38
Notre Dame has a center in Beijing, what is it referred to as?
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{ "text": [ "Global Gateways" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 535 ], "end": [ 549 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 96 ], "end": [ 97 ] } ] }
[ "Global Gateways" ]
SQuAD
The university owns several centers around the world used for international studies and research, conferences abroad, and alumni support. The university has had a presence in London, England, since 1968. Since 1998, its London center has been based in the former United University Club at 1 Suffolk Street in Trafalgar Square. The center enables the Colleges of Arts & Letters, Business Administration, Science, Engineering and the Law School to develop their own programs in London, as well as hosting conferences and symposia. Other Global Gateways are located in Beijing, Chicago, Dublin, Jerusalem and Rome.
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9c7b8d66d2b74f6d9569ba79635901a6
In what year did the Suffolk Street location start to house a Notre Dame facility?
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{ "text": [ "1998" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 210 ], "end": [ 213 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 37 ], "end": [ 37 ] } ] }
[ "1998" ]
SQuAD
The success of its football team made Notre Dame a household name. The success of Note Dame reflected rising status of Irish Americans and Catholics in the 1920s. Catholics rallied up around the team and listen to the games on the radio, especially when it knocked off the schools that symbolized the Protestant establishment in America — Harvard, Yale, Princeton, and Army. Yet this role as high-profile flagship institution of Catholicism made it an easy target of anti-Catholicism. The most remarkable episode of violence was the clash between Notre Dame students and the Ku Klux Klan in 1924. Nativism and anti-Catholicism, especially when directed towards immigrants, were cornerstones of the KKK's rhetoric, and Notre Dame was seen as a symbol of the threat posed by the Catholic Church. The Klan decided to have a week-long Klavern in South Bend. Clashes with the student body started on March 17, when students, aware of the anti-Catholic animosity, blocked the Klansmen from descending from their trains in the South Bend station and ripped the KKK clothes and regalia. On May 19 thousands of students massed downtown protesting the Klavern, and only the arrival of college president Fr. Matthew Walsh prevented any further clashes. The next day, football coach Knute Rockne spoke at a campus rally and implored the students to obey the college president and refrain from further violence. A few days later the Klavern broke up, but the hostility shown by the students was an omen and a contribution to the downfall of the KKK in Indiana.
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c83f47d440f34d1dbe43c31fe4db4d1d
Catholic people identified with Notre Dame, what religious group did people feel Yale represented?
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{ "text": [ "the Protestant establishment" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 297 ], "end": [ 324 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 54 ], "end": [ 56 ] } ] }
[ "the Protestant establishment" ]
SQuAD
The success of its football team made Notre Dame a household name. The success of Note Dame reflected rising status of Irish Americans and Catholics in the 1920s. Catholics rallied up around the team and listen to the games on the radio, especially when it knocked off the schools that symbolized the Protestant establishment in America — Harvard, Yale, Princeton, and Army. Yet this role as high-profile flagship institution of Catholicism made it an easy target of anti-Catholicism. The most remarkable episode of violence was the clash between Notre Dame students and the Ku Klux Klan in 1924. Nativism and anti-Catholicism, especially when directed towards immigrants, were cornerstones of the KKK's rhetoric, and Notre Dame was seen as a symbol of the threat posed by the Catholic Church. The Klan decided to have a week-long Klavern in South Bend. Clashes with the student body started on March 17, when students, aware of the anti-Catholic animosity, blocked the Klansmen from descending from their trains in the South Bend station and ripped the KKK clothes and regalia. On May 19 thousands of students massed downtown protesting the Klavern, and only the arrival of college president Fr. Matthew Walsh prevented any further clashes. The next day, football coach Knute Rockne spoke at a campus rally and implored the students to obey the college president and refrain from further violence. A few days later the Klavern broke up, but the hostility shown by the students was an omen and a contribution to the downfall of the KKK in Indiana.
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e2d7ebdbf8644dd29c7d2a8c7aea74ea
Notre Dame students had a showdown in 1924 with which anti-catholic group?
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{ "text": [ "the Ku Klux Klan" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 571 ], "end": [ 586 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 104 ], "end": [ 107 ] } ] }
[ "the Ku Klux Klan" ]
SQuAD
The success of its football team made Notre Dame a household name. The success of Note Dame reflected rising status of Irish Americans and Catholics in the 1920s. Catholics rallied up around the team and listen to the games on the radio, especially when it knocked off the schools that symbolized the Protestant establishment in America — Harvard, Yale, Princeton, and Army. Yet this role as high-profile flagship institution of Catholicism made it an easy target of anti-Catholicism. The most remarkable episode of violence was the clash between Notre Dame students and the Ku Klux Klan in 1924. Nativism and anti-Catholicism, especially when directed towards immigrants, were cornerstones of the KKK's rhetoric, and Notre Dame was seen as a symbol of the threat posed by the Catholic Church. The Klan decided to have a week-long Klavern in South Bend. Clashes with the student body started on March 17, when students, aware of the anti-Catholic animosity, blocked the Klansmen from descending from their trains in the South Bend station and ripped the KKK clothes and regalia. On May 19 thousands of students massed downtown protesting the Klavern, and only the arrival of college president Fr. Matthew Walsh prevented any further clashes. The next day, football coach Knute Rockne spoke at a campus rally and implored the students to obey the college president and refrain from further violence. A few days later the Klavern broke up, but the hostility shown by the students was an omen and a contribution to the downfall of the KKK in Indiana.
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893eab1ebde44f94840bb3d545da51d5
Which college president of Notre Dame is credited with preventing more confrontations between students and the KKK?
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{ "text": [ "Fr. Matthew Walsh" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 1193 ], "end": [ 1209 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 223 ], "end": [ 226 ] } ] }
[ "Fr. Matthew Walsh" ]
SQuAD
The success of its football team made Notre Dame a household name. The success of Note Dame reflected rising status of Irish Americans and Catholics in the 1920s. Catholics rallied up around the team and listen to the games on the radio, especially when it knocked off the schools that symbolized the Protestant establishment in America — Harvard, Yale, Princeton, and Army. Yet this role as high-profile flagship institution of Catholicism made it an easy target of anti-Catholicism. The most remarkable episode of violence was the clash between Notre Dame students and the Ku Klux Klan in 1924. Nativism and anti-Catholicism, especially when directed towards immigrants, were cornerstones of the KKK's rhetoric, and Notre Dame was seen as a symbol of the threat posed by the Catholic Church. The Klan decided to have a week-long Klavern in South Bend. Clashes with the student body started on March 17, when students, aware of the anti-Catholic animosity, blocked the Klansmen from descending from their trains in the South Bend station and ripped the KKK clothes and regalia. On May 19 thousands of students massed downtown protesting the Klavern, and only the arrival of college president Fr. Matthew Walsh prevented any further clashes. The next day, football coach Knute Rockne spoke at a campus rally and implored the students to obey the college president and refrain from further violence. A few days later the Klavern broke up, but the hostility shown by the students was an omen and a contribution to the downfall of the KKK in Indiana.
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eeb2fc4d20dc4374b48826f9ee507bb7
What type of event did the Klan intend to have at Notre Dame in March of 1924?
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{ "text": [ "a week-long Klavern" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 819 ], "end": [ 837 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 153 ], "end": [ 157 ] } ] }
[ "a week-long Klavern" ]
SQuAD
The success of its football team made Notre Dame a household name. The success of Note Dame reflected rising status of Irish Americans and Catholics in the 1920s. Catholics rallied up around the team and listen to the games on the radio, especially when it knocked off the schools that symbolized the Protestant establishment in America — Harvard, Yale, Princeton, and Army. Yet this role as high-profile flagship institution of Catholicism made it an easy target of anti-Catholicism. The most remarkable episode of violence was the clash between Notre Dame students and the Ku Klux Klan in 1924. Nativism and anti-Catholicism, especially when directed towards immigrants, were cornerstones of the KKK's rhetoric, and Notre Dame was seen as a symbol of the threat posed by the Catholic Church. The Klan decided to have a week-long Klavern in South Bend. Clashes with the student body started on March 17, when students, aware of the anti-Catholic animosity, blocked the Klansmen from descending from their trains in the South Bend station and ripped the KKK clothes and regalia. On May 19 thousands of students massed downtown protesting the Klavern, and only the arrival of college president Fr. Matthew Walsh prevented any further clashes. The next day, football coach Knute Rockne spoke at a campus rally and implored the students to obey the college president and refrain from further violence. A few days later the Klavern broke up, but the hostility shown by the students was an omen and a contribution to the downfall of the KKK in Indiana.
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58ba3f6f2e5542d497a57b6453157a19
Where did Notre Dame students and the KKK have their encounter?
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{ "text": [ "South Bend" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 842 ], "end": [ 851 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 159 ], "end": [ 160 ] } ] }
[ "South Bend" ]
SQuAD
A Science Hall was built in 1883 under the direction of Fr. Zahm, but in 1950 it was converted to a student union building and named LaFortune Center, after Joseph LaFortune, an oil executive from Tulsa, Oklahoma. Commonly known as "LaFortune" or "LaFun," it is a 4-story building of 83,000 square feet that provides the Notre Dame community with a meeting place for social, recreational, cultural, and educational activities. LaFortune employs 35 part-time student staff and 29 full-time non-student staff and has an annual budget of $1.2 million. Many businesses, services, and divisions of The Office of Student Affairs are found within. The building also houses restaurants from national restaurant chains.
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e246ba1b59b64afa9f97bef61c9600fe
Which person oversaw the creation of a science hall at Notre Dame in 1883?
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{ "text": [ "Fr. Zahm" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 56 ], "end": [ 63 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 11 ], "end": [ 13 ] } ] }
[ "Fr. Zahm" ]
SQuAD
A Science Hall was built in 1883 under the direction of Fr. Zahm, but in 1950 it was converted to a student union building and named LaFortune Center, after Joseph LaFortune, an oil executive from Tulsa, Oklahoma. Commonly known as "LaFortune" or "LaFun," it is a 4-story building of 83,000 square feet that provides the Notre Dame community with a meeting place for social, recreational, cultural, and educational activities. LaFortune employs 35 part-time student staff and 29 full-time non-student staff and has an annual budget of $1.2 million. Many businesses, services, and divisions of The Office of Student Affairs are found within. The building also houses restaurants from national restaurant chains.
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e1cb4050d17b4bc78d6f544aa1323e05
In what year did the student union building at Notre Dame get renamed to LaFortune Center?
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[ "1950" ]
SQuAD
A Science Hall was built in 1883 under the direction of Fr. Zahm, but in 1950 it was converted to a student union building and named LaFortune Center, after Joseph LaFortune, an oil executive from Tulsa, Oklahoma. Commonly known as "LaFortune" or "LaFun," it is a 4-story building of 83,000 square feet that provides the Notre Dame community with a meeting place for social, recreational, cultural, and educational activities. LaFortune employs 35 part-time student staff and 29 full-time non-student staff and has an annual budget of $1.2 million. Many businesses, services, and divisions of The Office of Student Affairs are found within. The building also houses restaurants from national restaurant chains.
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599a2a9ee86b4635adbf5420fe32e049
After which individual was the LaFortune Center Notre Dame named?
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[ "Joseph LaFortune" ]
SQuAD
A Science Hall was built in 1883 under the direction of Fr. Zahm, but in 1950 it was converted to a student union building and named LaFortune Center, after Joseph LaFortune, an oil executive from Tulsa, Oklahoma. Commonly known as "LaFortune" or "LaFun," it is a 4-story building of 83,000 square feet that provides the Notre Dame community with a meeting place for social, recreational, cultural, and educational activities. LaFortune employs 35 part-time student staff and 29 full-time non-student staff and has an annual budget of $1.2 million. Many businesses, services, and divisions of The Office of Student Affairs are found within. The building also houses restaurants from national restaurant chains.
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e2a97d373b07443bb72ca73989f91b17
How large in square feet is the LaFortune Center at Notre Dame?
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[ "83,000 square feet" ]
SQuAD
A Science Hall was built in 1883 under the direction of Fr. Zahm, but in 1950 it was converted to a student union building and named LaFortune Center, after Joseph LaFortune, an oil executive from Tulsa, Oklahoma. Commonly known as "LaFortune" or "LaFun," it is a 4-story building of 83,000 square feet that provides the Notre Dame community with a meeting place for social, recreational, cultural, and educational activities. LaFortune employs 35 part-time student staff and 29 full-time non-student staff and has an annual budget of $1.2 million. Many businesses, services, and divisions of The Office of Student Affairs are found within. The building also houses restaurants from national restaurant chains.
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addcf849a4c6456893ccb24db09d8c43
What is the annual budget of Notre Dame's LaFortune Center?
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[ "$1.2 million" ]
SQuAD
Hesburgh is also credited with transforming the face of Notre Dame by making it a coeducational institution. In the mid-1960s Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College developed a co-exchange program whereby several hundred students took classes not offered at their home institution, an arrangement that added undergraduate women to a campus that already had a few women in the graduate schools. After extensive debate, merging with St. Mary's was rejected, primarily because of the differential in faculty qualifications and pay scales. "In American college education," explained the Rev. Charles E. Sheedy, C.S.C., Notre Dame's Dean of Arts and Letters, "certain features formerly considered advantageous and enviable are now seen as anachronistic and out of place.... In this environment of diversity, the integration of the sexes is a normal and expected aspect, replacing separatism." Thomas Blantz, C.S.C., Notre Dame's Vice President of Student Affairs, added that coeducation "opened up a whole other pool of very bright students." Two of the male residence halls were converted for the newly admitted female students that first year, while two others were converted for the next school year. In 1971 Mary Ann Proctor became the first female undergraduate; she transferred from St. Mary's College. In 1972 the first woman to graduate was Angela Sienko, who earned a bachelor's degree in marketing.
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cc1a7ad806a5466ebfc7c9d6095dcc6d
What type of educational institute is Hesburgh given credit for creating at Notre Dame?
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{ "text": [ "coeducational" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 82 ], "end": [ 94 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 15 ], "end": [ 15 ] } ] }
[ "coeducational" ]
SQuAD
Hesburgh is also credited with transforming the face of Notre Dame by making it a coeducational institution. In the mid-1960s Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College developed a co-exchange program whereby several hundred students took classes not offered at their home institution, an arrangement that added undergraduate women to a campus that already had a few women in the graduate schools. After extensive debate, merging with St. Mary's was rejected, primarily because of the differential in faculty qualifications and pay scales. "In American college education," explained the Rev. Charles E. Sheedy, C.S.C., Notre Dame's Dean of Arts and Letters, "certain features formerly considered advantageous and enviable are now seen as anachronistic and out of place.... In this environment of diversity, the integration of the sexes is a normal and expected aspect, replacing separatism." Thomas Blantz, C.S.C., Notre Dame's Vice President of Student Affairs, added that coeducation "opened up a whole other pool of very bright students." Two of the male residence halls were converted for the newly admitted female students that first year, while two others were converted for the next school year. In 1971 Mary Ann Proctor became the first female undergraduate; she transferred from St. Mary's College. In 1972 the first woman to graduate was Angela Sienko, who earned a bachelor's degree in marketing.
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51a3b23d90694d5e8d9d1421510c28ad
Which role did Charles Sheedy have at Notre Dame?
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{ "text": [ "Dean of Arts and Letters" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 625 ], "end": [ 648 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 110 ], "end": [ 114 ] } ] }
[ "Dean of Arts and Letters" ]
SQuAD
Hesburgh is also credited with transforming the face of Notre Dame by making it a coeducational institution. In the mid-1960s Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College developed a co-exchange program whereby several hundred students took classes not offered at their home institution, an arrangement that added undergraduate women to a campus that already had a few women in the graduate schools. After extensive debate, merging with St. Mary's was rejected, primarily because of the differential in faculty qualifications and pay scales. "In American college education," explained the Rev. Charles E. Sheedy, C.S.C., Notre Dame's Dean of Arts and Letters, "certain features formerly considered advantageous and enviable are now seen as anachronistic and out of place.... In this environment of diversity, the integration of the sexes is a normal and expected aspect, replacing separatism." Thomas Blantz, C.S.C., Notre Dame's Vice President of Student Affairs, added that coeducation "opened up a whole other pool of very bright students." Two of the male residence halls were converted for the newly admitted female students that first year, while two others were converted for the next school year. In 1971 Mary Ann Proctor became the first female undergraduate; she transferred from St. Mary's College. In 1972 the first woman to graduate was Angela Sienko, who earned a bachelor's degree in marketing.
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ec5c6f76e8d54dd88b1b9200afa07f8a
What title did Thomas Blantz have at Notre Dame?
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{ "text": [ "Vice President of Student Affairs" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 921 ], "end": [ 953 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 164 ], "end": [ 168 ] } ] }
[ "Vice President of Student Affairs" ]
SQuAD
Hesburgh is also credited with transforming the face of Notre Dame by making it a coeducational institution. In the mid-1960s Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College developed a co-exchange program whereby several hundred students took classes not offered at their home institution, an arrangement that added undergraduate women to a campus that already had a few women in the graduate schools. After extensive debate, merging with St. Mary's was rejected, primarily because of the differential in faculty qualifications and pay scales. "In American college education," explained the Rev. Charles E. Sheedy, C.S.C., Notre Dame's Dean of Arts and Letters, "certain features formerly considered advantageous and enviable are now seen as anachronistic and out of place.... In this environment of diversity, the integration of the sexes is a normal and expected aspect, replacing separatism." Thomas Blantz, C.S.C., Notre Dame's Vice President of Student Affairs, added that coeducation "opened up a whole other pool of very bright students." Two of the male residence halls were converted for the newly admitted female students that first year, while two others were converted for the next school year. In 1971 Mary Ann Proctor became the first female undergraduate; she transferred from St. Mary's College. In 1972 the first woman to graduate was Angela Sienko, who earned a bachelor's degree in marketing.
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886785cd0776466b81517ba2181658de
In what year did Notre Dame have its earliest undergraduate that was female?
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{ "text": [ "1971" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 1199 ], "end": [ 1202 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 216 ], "end": [ 216 ] } ] }
[ "1971" ]
SQuAD
Hesburgh is also credited with transforming the face of Notre Dame by making it a coeducational institution. In the mid-1960s Notre Dame and Saint Mary's College developed a co-exchange program whereby several hundred students took classes not offered at their home institution, an arrangement that added undergraduate women to a campus that already had a few women in the graduate schools. After extensive debate, merging with St. Mary's was rejected, primarily because of the differential in faculty qualifications and pay scales. "In American college education," explained the Rev. Charles E. Sheedy, C.S.C., Notre Dame's Dean of Arts and Letters, "certain features formerly considered advantageous and enviable are now seen as anachronistic and out of place.... In this environment of diversity, the integration of the sexes is a normal and expected aspect, replacing separatism." Thomas Blantz, C.S.C., Notre Dame's Vice President of Student Affairs, added that coeducation "opened up a whole other pool of very bright students." Two of the male residence halls were converted for the newly admitted female students that first year, while two others were converted for the next school year. In 1971 Mary Ann Proctor became the first female undergraduate; she transferred from St. Mary's College. In 1972 the first woman to graduate was Angela Sienko, who earned a bachelor's degree in marketing.
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9156e543daff4116973ef49e7f7a6989
With what institute did Notre Dame agree to an exchange program in the 1960s?
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{ "text": [ "Saint Mary's College" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 141 ], "end": [ 160 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 24 ], "end": [ 27 ] } ] }
[ "Saint Mary's College" ]
SQuAD
The University of Notre Dame has made being a sustainability leader an integral part of its mission, creating the Office of Sustainability in 2008 to achieve a number of goals in the areas of power generation, design and construction, waste reduction, procurement, food services, transportation, and water.As of 2012[update] four building construction projects were pursuing LEED-Certified status and three were pursuing LEED Silver. Notre Dame's dining services sources 40% of its food locally and offers sustainably caught seafood as well as many organic, fair-trade, and vegan options. On the Sustainable Endowments Institute's College Sustainability Report Card 2010, University of Notre Dame received a "B" grade. The university also houses the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies. Father Gustavo Gutierrez, the founder of Liberation Theology is a current faculty member.
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2e793a55a33944aba3b679a60d9c4edd
In what year did Notre Dame create the Office of Sustainability?
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{ "text": [ "2008" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 142 ], "end": [ 145 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 24 ], "end": [ 24 ] } ] }
[ "2008" ]
SQuAD
The University of Notre Dame has made being a sustainability leader an integral part of its mission, creating the Office of Sustainability in 2008 to achieve a number of goals in the areas of power generation, design and construction, waste reduction, procurement, food services, transportation, and water.As of 2012[update] four building construction projects were pursuing LEED-Certified status and three were pursuing LEED Silver. Notre Dame's dining services sources 40% of its food locally and offers sustainably caught seafood as well as many organic, fair-trade, and vegan options. On the Sustainable Endowments Institute's College Sustainability Report Card 2010, University of Notre Dame received a "B" grade. The university also houses the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies. Father Gustavo Gutierrez, the founder of Liberation Theology is a current faculty member.
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6a8941afea1149baa565c883e071605d
What percentage of the food served at Notre Dame is locally grown?
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[ "40%" ]
SQuAD
The University of Notre Dame has made being a sustainability leader an integral part of its mission, creating the Office of Sustainability in 2008 to achieve a number of goals in the areas of power generation, design and construction, waste reduction, procurement, food services, transportation, and water.As of 2012[update] four building construction projects were pursuing LEED-Certified status and three were pursuing LEED Silver. Notre Dame's dining services sources 40% of its food locally and offers sustainably caught seafood as well as many organic, fair-trade, and vegan options. On the Sustainable Endowments Institute's College Sustainability Report Card 2010, University of Notre Dame received a "B" grade. The university also houses the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies. Father Gustavo Gutierrez, the founder of Liberation Theology is a current faculty member.
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b1081b3ee81d4ae99fff90737ce3f6e3
Notre Dame got a "B" for its sustainability practices from which entity?
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{ "text": [ "Sustainable Endowments Institute" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 596 ], "end": [ 627 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 109 ], "end": [ 111 ] } ] }
[ "Sustainable Endowments Institute" ]
SQuAD
The University of Notre Dame has made being a sustainability leader an integral part of its mission, creating the Office of Sustainability in 2008 to achieve a number of goals in the areas of power generation, design and construction, waste reduction, procurement, food services, transportation, and water.As of 2012[update] four building construction projects were pursuing LEED-Certified status and three were pursuing LEED Silver. Notre Dame's dining services sources 40% of its food locally and offers sustainably caught seafood as well as many organic, fair-trade, and vegan options. On the Sustainable Endowments Institute's College Sustainability Report Card 2010, University of Notre Dame received a "B" grade. The university also houses the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies. Father Gustavo Gutierrez, the founder of Liberation Theology is a current faculty member.
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548ff29e80934a4a99d72243b82acd8c
Gustavo Gutierrez is faculty of which institute?
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{ "text": [ "Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 750 ], "end": [ 795 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 135 ], "end": [ 140 ] } ] }
[ "Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies" ]
SQuAD
The University of Notre Dame du Lac (or simply Notre Dame /ˌnoʊtərˈdeɪm/ NOH-tər-DAYM) is a Catholic research university located adjacent to South Bend, Indiana, in the United States. In French, Notre Dame du Lac means "Our Lady of the Lake" and refers to the university's patron saint, the Virgin Mary. The main campus covers 1,250 acres in a suburban setting and it contains a number of recognizable landmarks, such as the Golden Dome, the "Word of Life" mural (commonly known as Touchdown Jesus), and the Basilica.
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c751031cee0447c98b79a2629ca7b856
The school known as Notre Dame is known by a more lengthy name, what is it?
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{ "text": [ "University of Notre Dame du" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 4 ], "end": [ 30 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 1 ], "end": [ 5 ] } ] }
[ "University of Notre Dame du" ]
SQuAD
The University of Notre Dame du Lac (or simply Notre Dame /ˌnoʊtərˈdeɪm/ NOH-tər-DAYM) is a Catholic research university located adjacent to South Bend, Indiana, in the United States. In French, Notre Dame du Lac means "Our Lady of the Lake" and refers to the university's patron saint, the Virgin Mary. The main campus covers 1,250 acres in a suburban setting and it contains a number of recognizable landmarks, such as the Golden Dome, the "Word of Life" mural (commonly known as Touchdown Jesus), and the Basilica.
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363ddeb4e2b54fe98bf27e31fd24dd88
What type of institution is the Notre Dame?
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{ "text": [ "Catholic research university" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 92 ], "end": [ 119 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 21 ], "end": [ 23 ] } ] }
[ "Catholic research university" ]
SQuAD
The University of Notre Dame du Lac (or simply Notre Dame /ˌnoʊtərˈdeɪm/ NOH-tər-DAYM) is a Catholic research university located adjacent to South Bend, Indiana, in the United States. In French, Notre Dame du Lac means "Our Lady of the Lake" and refers to the university's patron saint, the Virgin Mary. The main campus covers 1,250 acres in a suburban setting and it contains a number of recognizable landmarks, such as the Golden Dome, the "Word of Life" mural (commonly known as Touchdown Jesus), and the Basilica.
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f052d2cd347b4927a74be7c919911745
The French words Notre Dame du Lac translate to what in English?
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{ "text": [ "Our Lady of the Lake" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 220 ], "end": [ 239 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 46 ], "end": [ 50 ] } ] }
[ "Our Lady of the Lake" ]
SQuAD
The University of Notre Dame du Lac (or simply Notre Dame /ˌnoʊtərˈdeɪm/ NOH-tər-DAYM) is a Catholic research university located adjacent to South Bend, Indiana, in the United States. In French, Notre Dame du Lac means "Our Lady of the Lake" and refers to the university's patron saint, the Virgin Mary. The main campus covers 1,250 acres in a suburban setting and it contains a number of recognizable landmarks, such as the Golden Dome, the "Word of Life" mural (commonly known as Touchdown Jesus), and the Basilica.
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156e9116a6bf47d19c33ebe1b8a54b9c
Who is the patron saint of Notre Dame?
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{ "text": [ "the Virgin Mary" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 287 ], "end": [ 301 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 61 ], "end": [ 63 ] } ] }
[ "the Virgin Mary" ]
SQuAD
The University of Notre Dame du Lac (or simply Notre Dame /ˌnoʊtərˈdeɪm/ NOH-tər-DAYM) is a Catholic research university located adjacent to South Bend, Indiana, in the United States. In French, Notre Dame du Lac means "Our Lady of the Lake" and refers to the university's patron saint, the Virgin Mary. The main campus covers 1,250 acres in a suburban setting and it contains a number of recognizable landmarks, such as the Golden Dome, the "Word of Life" mural (commonly known as Touchdown Jesus), and the Basilica.
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c484b4e57cfa4a6db9ceaf44a107bb5d
How large is Notre Dame in acres?
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[ "1,250" ]
SQuAD
The School of Architecture was established in 1899, although degrees in architecture were first awarded by the university in 1898. Today the school, housed in Bond Hall, offers a five-year undergraduate program leading to the Bachelor of Architecture degree. All undergraduate students study the third year of the program in Rome. The university is globally recognized for its Notre Dame School of Architecture, a faculty that teaches (pre-modernist) traditional and classical architecture and urban planning (e.g. following the principles of New Urbanism and New Classical Architecture). It also awards the renowned annual Driehaus Architecture Prize.
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14e9c9911790412c96e4fb4d47f172d4
In 1899 Notre Dame formed which college?
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{ "text": [ "School of Architecture" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 4 ], "end": [ 25 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 1 ], "end": [ 3 ] } ] }
[ "School of Architecture" ]
SQuAD
The School of Architecture was established in 1899, although degrees in architecture were first awarded by the university in 1898. Today the school, housed in Bond Hall, offers a five-year undergraduate program leading to the Bachelor of Architecture degree. All undergraduate students study the third year of the program in Rome. The university is globally recognized for its Notre Dame School of Architecture, a faculty that teaches (pre-modernist) traditional and classical architecture and urban planning (e.g. following the principles of New Urbanism and New Classical Architecture). It also awards the renowned annual Driehaus Architecture Prize.
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b7932003af3448e4b2682e608605db0f
In what building is the current School of Architecture housed at Notre Dame?
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{ "text": [ "Bond Hall" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 159 ], "end": [ 167 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 28 ], "end": [ 29 ] } ] }
[ "Bond Hall" ]
SQuAD
The School of Architecture was established in 1899, although degrees in architecture were first awarded by the university in 1898. Today the school, housed in Bond Hall, offers a five-year undergraduate program leading to the Bachelor of Architecture degree. All undergraduate students study the third year of the program in Rome. The university is globally recognized for its Notre Dame School of Architecture, a faculty that teaches (pre-modernist) traditional and classical architecture and urban planning (e.g. following the principles of New Urbanism and New Classical Architecture). It also awards the renowned annual Driehaus Architecture Prize.
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db8ca2e775454d0fb12b6a7eca2e7727
What length is the course of study at the Notre Dame School of Architecture?
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{ "text": [ "five-year" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 179 ], "end": [ 187 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 33 ], "end": [ 35 ] } ] }
[ "five-year" ]
SQuAD
The School of Architecture was established in 1899, although degrees in architecture were first awarded by the university in 1898. Today the school, housed in Bond Hall, offers a five-year undergraduate program leading to the Bachelor of Architecture degree. All undergraduate students study the third year of the program in Rome. The university is globally recognized for its Notre Dame School of Architecture, a faculty that teaches (pre-modernist) traditional and classical architecture and urban planning (e.g. following the principles of New Urbanism and New Classical Architecture). It also awards the renowned annual Driehaus Architecture Prize.
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b51248133ca34429928f775853e2f75f
In which location do students of the School of Architecture of Notre Dame spend their 3rd year?
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{ "text": [ "Rome" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 325 ], "end": [ 328 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 57 ], "end": [ 57 ] } ] }
[ "Rome" ]
SQuAD
The School of Architecture was established in 1899, although degrees in architecture were first awarded by the university in 1898. Today the school, housed in Bond Hall, offers a five-year undergraduate program leading to the Bachelor of Architecture degree. All undergraduate students study the third year of the program in Rome. The university is globally recognized for its Notre Dame School of Architecture, a faculty that teaches (pre-modernist) traditional and classical architecture and urban planning (e.g. following the principles of New Urbanism and New Classical Architecture). It also awards the renowned annual Driehaus Architecture Prize.
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bc4170aa7a4c42da88cc4dc291a0972d
Which prestigious prize does the School of Architecture at Notre Dame give out?
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[ "Driehaus Architecture Prize" ]
SQuAD
Notre Dame rose to national prominence in the early 1900s for its Fighting Irish football team, especially under the guidance of the legendary coach Knute Rockne. The university's athletic teams are members of the NCAA Division I and are known collectively as the Fighting Irish. The football team, an Independent, has accumulated eleven consensus national championships, seven Heisman Trophy winners, 62 members in the College Football Hall of Fame and 13 members in the Pro Football Hall of Fame and is considered one of the most famed and successful college football teams in history. Other ND teams, chiefly in the Atlantic Coast Conference, have accumulated 16 national championships. The Notre Dame Victory March is often regarded as the most famous and recognizable collegiate fight song.
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c5f6cda5d6954b4e912d17982f58ec22
What caused Notre Dame to become notable in the early 20th century?
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{ "text": [ "its Fighting Irish football team" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 62 ], "end": [ 93 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 11 ], "end": [ 15 ] } ] }
[ "its Fighting Irish football team" ]
SQuAD
Notre Dame rose to national prominence in the early 1900s for its Fighting Irish football team, especially under the guidance of the legendary coach Knute Rockne. The university's athletic teams are members of the NCAA Division I and are known collectively as the Fighting Irish. The football team, an Independent, has accumulated eleven consensus national championships, seven Heisman Trophy winners, 62 members in the College Football Hall of Fame and 13 members in the Pro Football Hall of Fame and is considered one of the most famed and successful college football teams in history. Other ND teams, chiefly in the Atlantic Coast Conference, have accumulated 16 national championships. The Notre Dame Victory March is often regarded as the most famous and recognizable collegiate fight song.
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Which 20th century Notre Dame football coach is most notable?
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[ "Knute Rockne" ]
SQuAD
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cd485d9637d9497e956f95ad84f4a31e
Which athletic association are the student athletes at Notre Dame a part of?
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{ "text": [ "NCAA Division I" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 214 ], "end": [ 228 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 37 ], "end": [ 39 ] } ] }
[ "NCAA Division I" ]
SQuAD
Notre Dame rose to national prominence in the early 1900s for its Fighting Irish football team, especially under the guidance of the legendary coach Knute Rockne. The university's athletic teams are members of the NCAA Division I and are known collectively as the Fighting Irish. The football team, an Independent, has accumulated eleven consensus national championships, seven Heisman Trophy winners, 62 members in the College Football Hall of Fame and 13 members in the Pro Football Hall of Fame and is considered one of the most famed and successful college football teams in history. Other ND teams, chiefly in the Atlantic Coast Conference, have accumulated 16 national championships. The Notre Dame Victory March is often regarded as the most famous and recognizable collegiate fight song.
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93629c090e3848b6ba488115ea2cad89
How many students at Notre Dame received the Heisman Trophy?
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[ "seven" ]
SQuAD
Notre Dame rose to national prominence in the early 1900s for its Fighting Irish football team, especially under the guidance of the legendary coach Knute Rockne. The university's athletic teams are members of the NCAA Division I and are known collectively as the Fighting Irish. The football team, an Independent, has accumulated eleven consensus national championships, seven Heisman Trophy winners, 62 members in the College Football Hall of Fame and 13 members in the Pro Football Hall of Fame and is considered one of the most famed and successful college football teams in history. Other ND teams, chiefly in the Atlantic Coast Conference, have accumulated 16 national championships. The Notre Dame Victory March is often regarded as the most famous and recognizable collegiate fight song.
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c74f45e4fb3b401483f539a2002b2b92
There were multiple students from Notre Dame who entered the Pro Football Hall of Fame, how many?
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[ "13" ]
SQuAD
The library system also includes branch libraries for Architecture, Chemistry & Physics, Engineering, Law, and Mathematics as well as information centers in the Mendoza College of Business, the Kellogg Institute for International Studies, the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, and a slide library in O'Shaughnessy Hall. A theology library was also opened in fall of 2015. Located on the first floor of Stanford Hall, it is the first branch of the library system to be housed in a dorm room. The library system holds over three million volumes, was the single largest university library in the world upon its completion, and remains one of the 100 largest libraries in the country.
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0e6ba83b4b6642fdbfe3855ad37b0cf5
In what year did the opening of a theology library at Notre Dame occur?
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[ "2015" ]
SQuAD
The library system also includes branch libraries for Architecture, Chemistry & Physics, Engineering, Law, and Mathematics as well as information centers in the Mendoza College of Business, the Kellogg Institute for International Studies, the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, and a slide library in O'Shaughnessy Hall. A theology library was also opened in fall of 2015. Located on the first floor of Stanford Hall, it is the first branch of the library system to be housed in a dorm room. The library system holds over three million volumes, was the single largest university library in the world upon its completion, and remains one of the 100 largest libraries in the country.
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a69749a756eb47ee856dd53f2548b303
Where is the theology library at Notre Dame?
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[ "the first floor of Stanford Hall" ]
SQuAD
The library system also includes branch libraries for Architecture, Chemistry & Physics, Engineering, Law, and Mathematics as well as information centers in the Mendoza College of Business, the Kellogg Institute for International Studies, the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, and a slide library in O'Shaughnessy Hall. A theology library was also opened in fall of 2015. Located on the first floor of Stanford Hall, it is the first branch of the library system to be housed in a dorm room. The library system holds over three million volumes, was the single largest university library in the world upon its completion, and remains one of the 100 largest libraries in the country.
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e5a4f81240cd4f84b2aa748871a91116
How many books are held by the Notre Dame libraries?
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[ "over three million volumes" ]
SQuAD
The library system also includes branch libraries for Architecture, Chemistry & Physics, Engineering, Law, and Mathematics as well as information centers in the Mendoza College of Business, the Kellogg Institute for International Studies, the Joan B. Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies, and a slide library in O'Shaughnessy Hall. A theology library was also opened in fall of 2015. Located on the first floor of Stanford Hall, it is the first branch of the library system to be housed in a dorm room. The library system holds over three million volumes, was the single largest university library in the world upon its completion, and remains one of the 100 largest libraries in the country.
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32e11e17dd10476fa56e2c619dc907dc
Currently where does Notre Dame's library rank in the nation?
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{ "text": [ "one of the 100 largest" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 654 ], "end": [ 675 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 118 ], "end": [ 122 ] } ] }
[ "one of the 100 largest" ]
SQuAD
Because of its Catholic identity, a number of religious buildings stand on campus. The Old College building has become one of two seminaries on campus run by the Congregation of Holy Cross. The current Basilica of the Sacred Heart is located on the spot of Fr. Sorin's original church, which became too small for the growing college. It is built in French Revival style and it is decorated by stained glass windows imported directly from France. The interior was painted by Luigi Gregori, an Italian painter invited by Fr. Sorin to be artist in residence. The Basilica also features a bell tower with a carillon. Inside the church there are also sculptures by Ivan Mestrovic. The Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes, which was built in 1896, is a replica of the original in Lourdes, France. It is very popular among students and alumni as a place of prayer and meditation, and it is considered one of the most beloved spots on campus.
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4f37abda6d9c4f1781a3ac6092e5698e
Which congregation is in charge of the Old College at Notre Dame?
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{ "text": [ "Congregation of Holy Cross" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 162 ], "end": [ 187 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 30 ], "end": [ 33 ] } ] }
[ "Congregation of Holy Cross" ]
SQuAD
Because of its Catholic identity, a number of religious buildings stand on campus. The Old College building has become one of two seminaries on campus run by the Congregation of Holy Cross. The current Basilica of the Sacred Heart is located on the spot of Fr. Sorin's original church, which became too small for the growing college. It is built in French Revival style and it is decorated by stained glass windows imported directly from France. The interior was painted by Luigi Gregori, an Italian painter invited by Fr. Sorin to be artist in residence. The Basilica also features a bell tower with a carillon. Inside the church there are also sculptures by Ivan Mestrovic. The Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes, which was built in 1896, is a replica of the original in Lourdes, France. It is very popular among students and alumni as a place of prayer and meditation, and it is considered one of the most beloved spots on campus.
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033719d11d304a86915732372e408311
What structure is found on the location of the original church of Father Sorin at Notre Dame?
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{ "text": [ "Basilica of the Sacred Heart" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 202 ], "end": [ 229 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 37 ], "end": [ 41 ] } ] }
[ "Basilica of the Sacred Heart" ]
SQuAD
Because of its Catholic identity, a number of religious buildings stand on campus. The Old College building has become one of two seminaries on campus run by the Congregation of Holy Cross. The current Basilica of the Sacred Heart is located on the spot of Fr. Sorin's original church, which became too small for the growing college. It is built in French Revival style and it is decorated by stained glass windows imported directly from France. The interior was painted by Luigi Gregori, an Italian painter invited by Fr. Sorin to be artist in residence. The Basilica also features a bell tower with a carillon. Inside the church there are also sculptures by Ivan Mestrovic. The Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes, which was built in 1896, is a replica of the original in Lourdes, France. It is very popular among students and alumni as a place of prayer and meditation, and it is considered one of the most beloved spots on campus.
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In which architectural style is the Basilica of the Sacred Heart at Notre Dame made?
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{ "text": [ "French Revival" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 349 ], "end": [ 362 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 68 ], "end": [ 69 ] } ] }
[ "French Revival" ]
SQuAD
Because of its Catholic identity, a number of religious buildings stand on campus. The Old College building has become one of two seminaries on campus run by the Congregation of Holy Cross. The current Basilica of the Sacred Heart is located on the spot of Fr. Sorin's original church, which became too small for the growing college. It is built in French Revival style and it is decorated by stained glass windows imported directly from France. The interior was painted by Luigi Gregori, an Italian painter invited by Fr. Sorin to be artist in residence. The Basilica also features a bell tower with a carillon. Inside the church there are also sculptures by Ivan Mestrovic. The Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes, which was built in 1896, is a replica of the original in Lourdes, France. It is very popular among students and alumni as a place of prayer and meditation, and it is considered one of the most beloved spots on campus.
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5259b42207c74540b29bc946eeb1da3c
Which individual painted the inside of the Basilica of the Sacred Heart at Notre Dame?
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{ "text": [ "Luigi Gregori" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 474 ], "end": [ 486 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 89 ], "end": [ 90 ] } ] }
[ "Luigi Gregori" ]
SQuAD
Because of its Catholic identity, a number of religious buildings stand on campus. The Old College building has become one of two seminaries on campus run by the Congregation of Holy Cross. The current Basilica of the Sacred Heart is located on the spot of Fr. Sorin's original church, which became too small for the growing college. It is built in French Revival style and it is decorated by stained glass windows imported directly from France. The interior was painted by Luigi Gregori, an Italian painter invited by Fr. Sorin to be artist in residence. The Basilica also features a bell tower with a carillon. Inside the church there are also sculptures by Ivan Mestrovic. The Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes, which was built in 1896, is a replica of the original in Lourdes, France. It is very popular among students and alumni as a place of prayer and meditation, and it is considered one of the most beloved spots on campus.
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76cf0b91dfc442bc81c2041ea9d820d2
In what year was the Grotto of Our Lady of Lourdes at Notre Dame constructed?
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{ "text": [ "1896" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 730 ], "end": [ 733 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 140 ], "end": [ 140 ] } ] }
[ "1896" ]
SQuAD
The College of Science was established at the university in 1865 by president Father Patrick Dillon. Dillon's scientific courses were six years of work, including higher-level mathematics courses. Today the college, housed in the newly built Jordan Hall of Science, includes over 1,200 undergraduates in six departments of study – biology, chemistry, mathematics, physics, pre-professional studies, and applied and computational mathematics and statistics (ACMS) – each awarding Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degrees. According to university statistics, its science pre-professional program has one of the highest acceptance rates to medical school of any university in the United States.
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19756d5ad6f84d488bc63d90a15e5363
Which president at Notre Dame created the College of Science?
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{ "text": [ "Father Patrick Dillon" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 78 ], "end": [ 98 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 13 ], "end": [ 15 ] } ] }
[ "Father Patrick Dillon" ]
SQuAD
The College of Science was established at the university in 1865 by president Father Patrick Dillon. Dillon's scientific courses were six years of work, including higher-level mathematics courses. Today the college, housed in the newly built Jordan Hall of Science, includes over 1,200 undergraduates in six departments of study – biology, chemistry, mathematics, physics, pre-professional studies, and applied and computational mathematics and statistics (ACMS) – each awarding Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degrees. According to university statistics, its science pre-professional program has one of the highest acceptance rates to medical school of any university in the United States.
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246c4a7e7e7f46038e156d4be96ed7bb
In what year was the Notre Dame College of Science formed?
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{ "text": [ "1865" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 60 ], "end": [ 63 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 10 ], "end": [ 10 ] } ] }
[ "1865" ]
SQuAD
The College of Science was established at the university in 1865 by president Father Patrick Dillon. Dillon's scientific courses were six years of work, including higher-level mathematics courses. Today the college, housed in the newly built Jordan Hall of Science, includes over 1,200 undergraduates in six departments of study – biology, chemistry, mathematics, physics, pre-professional studies, and applied and computational mathematics and statistics (ACMS) – each awarding Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degrees. According to university statistics, its science pre-professional program has one of the highest acceptance rates to medical school of any university in the United States.
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How many years long was a scientific course under Patrick Dillon at Notre Dame?
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{ "text": [ "six years" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 134 ], "end": [ 142 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 22 ], "end": [ 23 ] } ] }
[ "six years" ]
SQuAD
The College of Science was established at the university in 1865 by president Father Patrick Dillon. Dillon's scientific courses were six years of work, including higher-level mathematics courses. Today the college, housed in the newly built Jordan Hall of Science, includes over 1,200 undergraduates in six departments of study – biology, chemistry, mathematics, physics, pre-professional studies, and applied and computational mathematics and statistics (ACMS) – each awarding Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degrees. According to university statistics, its science pre-professional program has one of the highest acceptance rates to medical school of any university in the United States.
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Which hall at Notre Dame contains the current College of Science?
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{ "text": [ "Jordan Hall of Science" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 242 ], "end": [ 263 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 43 ], "end": [ 46 ] } ] }
[ "Jordan Hall of Science" ]
SQuAD
The College of Science was established at the university in 1865 by president Father Patrick Dillon. Dillon's scientific courses were six years of work, including higher-level mathematics courses. Today the college, housed in the newly built Jordan Hall of Science, includes over 1,200 undergraduates in six departments of study – biology, chemistry, mathematics, physics, pre-professional studies, and applied and computational mathematics and statistics (ACMS) – each awarding Bachelor of Science (B.S.) degrees. According to university statistics, its science pre-professional program has one of the highest acceptance rates to medical school of any university in the United States.
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e5ed071b8c014a1da0c3fd9d21afa9ec
How many undergrad students attend the College of Science at Notre Dame today?
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{ "text": [ "over 1,200" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 275 ], "end": [ 284 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 49 ], "end": [ 50 ] } ] }
[ "over 1,200" ]
SQuAD
The rise of Hitler and other dictators in the 1930s forced numerous Catholic intellectuals to flee Europe; president John O'Hara brought many to Notre Dame. From Germany came Anton-Hermann Chroust (1907–1982) in classics and law, and Waldemar Gurian a German Catholic intellectual of Jewish descent. Positivism dominated American intellectual life in the 1920s onward but in marked contrast, Gurian received a German Catholic education and wrote his doctoral dissertation under Max Scheler. Ivan Meštrović (1883–1962), a renowned sculptor, brought Croatian culture to campus, 1955–62. Yves Simon (1903–61), brought to ND in the 1940s the insights of French studies in the Aristotelian-Thomistic tradition of philosophy; his own teacher Jacques Maritain (1882–73) was a frequent visitor to campus.
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38d652d89ab046378c46e7d31775c83a
What caused many intellectual Catholics to leave europe in the 1930s?
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{ "text": [ "The rise of Hitler and other dictators" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 4 ], "end": [ 37 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 1 ], "end": [ 6 ] } ] }
[ "The rise of Hitler and other dictators" ]
SQuAD
The rise of Hitler and other dictators in the 1930s forced numerous Catholic intellectuals to flee Europe; president John O'Hara brought many to Notre Dame. From Germany came Anton-Hermann Chroust (1907–1982) in classics and law, and Waldemar Gurian a German Catholic intellectual of Jewish descent. Positivism dominated American intellectual life in the 1920s onward but in marked contrast, Gurian received a German Catholic education and wrote his doctoral dissertation under Max Scheler. Ivan Meštrović (1883–1962), a renowned sculptor, brought Croatian culture to campus, 1955–62. Yves Simon (1903–61), brought to ND in the 1940s the insights of French studies in the Aristotelian-Thomistic tradition of philosophy; his own teacher Jacques Maritain (1882–73) was a frequent visitor to campus.
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From where did Anton-Hermann Chroust come to reach Notre Dame?
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{ "text": [ "Germany" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 162 ], "end": [ 168 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 28 ], "end": [ 28 ] } ] }
[ "Germany" ]
SQuAD
The rise of Hitler and other dictators in the 1930s forced numerous Catholic intellectuals to flee Europe; president John O'Hara brought many to Notre Dame. From Germany came Anton-Hermann Chroust (1907–1982) in classics and law, and Waldemar Gurian a German Catholic intellectual of Jewish descent. Positivism dominated American intellectual life in the 1920s onward but in marked contrast, Gurian received a German Catholic education and wrote his doctoral dissertation under Max Scheler. Ivan Meštrović (1883–1962), a renowned sculptor, brought Croatian culture to campus, 1955–62. Yves Simon (1903–61), brought to ND in the 1940s the insights of French studies in the Aristotelian-Thomistic tradition of philosophy; his own teacher Jacques Maritain (1882–73) was a frequent visitor to campus.
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What field of study did Anton-Hermann Chroust specialize in?
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{ "text": [ "classics and law" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 212 ], "end": [ 227 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 38 ], "end": [ 40 ] } ] }
[ "classics and law" ]
SQuAD
The rise of Hitler and other dictators in the 1930s forced numerous Catholic intellectuals to flee Europe; president John O'Hara brought many to Notre Dame. From Germany came Anton-Hermann Chroust (1907–1982) in classics and law, and Waldemar Gurian a German Catholic intellectual of Jewish descent. Positivism dominated American intellectual life in the 1920s onward but in marked contrast, Gurian received a German Catholic education and wrote his doctoral dissertation under Max Scheler. Ivan Meštrović (1883–1962), a renowned sculptor, brought Croatian culture to campus, 1955–62. Yves Simon (1903–61), brought to ND in the 1940s the insights of French studies in the Aristotelian-Thomistic tradition of philosophy; his own teacher Jacques Maritain (1882–73) was a frequent visitor to campus.
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Who did Waldemar Gurian receive his tutelage under while seeking his doctorate?
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{ "text": [ "Max Scheler" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 478 ], "end": [ 488 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 79 ], "end": [ 80 ] } ] }
[ "Max Scheler" ]
SQuAD
The rise of Hitler and other dictators in the 1930s forced numerous Catholic intellectuals to flee Europe; president John O'Hara brought many to Notre Dame. From Germany came Anton-Hermann Chroust (1907–1982) in classics and law, and Waldemar Gurian a German Catholic intellectual of Jewish descent. Positivism dominated American intellectual life in the 1920s onward but in marked contrast, Gurian received a German Catholic education and wrote his doctoral dissertation under Max Scheler. Ivan Meštrović (1883–1962), a renowned sculptor, brought Croatian culture to campus, 1955–62. Yves Simon (1903–61), brought to ND in the 1940s the insights of French studies in the Aristotelian-Thomistic tradition of philosophy; his own teacher Jacques Maritain (1882–73) was a frequent visitor to campus.
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c2391485b6c04f70935d94fa2c7105e9
What was Ivan Meštrović known for being?
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{ "text": [ "a renowned sculptor" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 519 ], "end": [ 537 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 88 ], "end": [ 90 ] } ] }
[ "a renowned sculptor" ]
SQuAD
The television station, NDtv, grew from one show in 2002 to a full 24-hour channel with original programming by September 2006. WSND-FM serves the student body and larger South Bend community at 88.9 FM, offering students a chance to become involved in bringing classical music, fine arts and educational programming, and alternative rock to the airwaves. Another radio station, WVFI, began as a partner of WSND-FM. More recently, however, WVFI has been airing independently and is streamed on the Internet.
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90aed0afa2134a59a0a7f2c9e7222a45
Which television station finds its home at Notre Dame?
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[ "NDtv" ]
SQuAD
The television station, NDtv, grew from one show in 2002 to a full 24-hour channel with original programming by September 2006. WSND-FM serves the student body and larger South Bend community at 88.9 FM, offering students a chance to become involved in bringing classical music, fine arts and educational programming, and alternative rock to the airwaves. Another radio station, WVFI, began as a partner of WSND-FM. More recently, however, WVFI has been airing independently and is streamed on the Internet.
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ecf5d5663b96430ab9d4e60325a0bee8
How many programs did NDtv feature in 2002?
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{ "text": [ "one show" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 40 ], "end": [ 47 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 8 ], "end": [ 9 ] } ] }
[ "one show" ]
SQuAD
The television station, NDtv, grew from one show in 2002 to a full 24-hour channel with original programming by September 2006. WSND-FM serves the student body and larger South Bend community at 88.9 FM, offering students a chance to become involved in bringing classical music, fine arts and educational programming, and alternative rock to the airwaves. Another radio station, WVFI, began as a partner of WSND-FM. More recently, however, WVFI has been airing independently and is streamed on the Internet.
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bea45aa0a9204d689b83d9b950878846
Which radio station provides radio to the students of Notre Dame at 88.9 FM?
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{ "text": [ "WSND-FM" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 128 ], "end": [ 134 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 24 ], "end": [ 26 ] } ] }
[ "WSND-FM" ]
SQuAD
The television station, NDtv, grew from one show in 2002 to a full 24-hour channel with original programming by September 2006. WSND-FM serves the student body and larger South Bend community at 88.9 FM, offering students a chance to become involved in bringing classical music, fine arts and educational programming, and alternative rock to the airwaves. Another radio station, WVFI, began as a partner of WSND-FM. More recently, however, WVFI has been airing independently and is streamed on the Internet.
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1906fc6ef3c34821a3b5a5177a1b2705
Which internet radio station of Notre Dame is served as an internet stream?
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{ "text": [ "WVFI" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 440 ], "end": [ 443 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 85 ], "end": [ 85 ] } ] }
[ "WVFI" ]
SQuAD
In 1842, the Bishop of Vincennes, Célestine Guynemer de la Hailandière, offered land to Father Edward Sorin of the Congregation of the Holy Cross, on the condition that he build a college in two years. Fr. Sorin arrived on the site with eight Holy Cross brothers from France and Ireland on November 26, 1842, and began the school using Father Stephen Badin's old log chapel. He soon erected additional buildings, including Old College, the first church, and the first main building. They immediately acquired two students and set about building additions to the campus.
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9dcb502c00924dc2bfe8ca750d479b4b
In what year was Father Edward Sorin given two years to create a college?
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{ "text": [ "1842" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 3 ], "end": [ 6 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 1 ], "end": [ 1 ] } ] }
[ "1842" ]
SQuAD
In 1842, the Bishop of Vincennes, Célestine Guynemer de la Hailandière, offered land to Father Edward Sorin of the Congregation of the Holy Cross, on the condition that he build a college in two years. Fr. Sorin arrived on the site with eight Holy Cross brothers from France and Ireland on November 26, 1842, and began the school using Father Stephen Badin's old log chapel. He soon erected additional buildings, including Old College, the first church, and the first main building. They immediately acquired two students and set about building additions to the campus.
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6dbbc5730dc64f409b4e9b4a0830b62a
Which individual offered land to Father Edward Sorin?
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{ "text": [ "Célestine Guynemer de la Hailandière" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 34 ], "end": [ 69 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 8 ], "end": [ 12 ] } ] }
[ "Célestine Guynemer de la Hailandière" ]
SQuAD
In 1842, the Bishop of Vincennes, Célestine Guynemer de la Hailandière, offered land to Father Edward Sorin of the Congregation of the Holy Cross, on the condition that he build a college in two years. Fr. Sorin arrived on the site with eight Holy Cross brothers from France and Ireland on November 26, 1842, and began the school using Father Stephen Badin's old log chapel. He soon erected additional buildings, including Old College, the first church, and the first main building. They immediately acquired two students and set about building additions to the campus.
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d0f607a0e3034699ab61709a8f4dcc19
Which church was Father Edward Sorin representing?
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{ "text": [ "the Congregation of the Holy Cross" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 111 ], "end": [ 144 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 21 ], "end": [ 26 ] } ] }
[ "the Congregation of the Holy Cross" ]
SQuAD
In 1842, the Bishop of Vincennes, Célestine Guynemer de la Hailandière, offered land to Father Edward Sorin of the Congregation of the Holy Cross, on the condition that he build a college in two years. Fr. Sorin arrived on the site with eight Holy Cross brothers from France and Ireland on November 26, 1842, and began the school using Father Stephen Badin's old log chapel. He soon erected additional buildings, including Old College, the first church, and the first main building. They immediately acquired two students and set about building additions to the campus.
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c778c1d9e95c4adfbe567cc12cfb1ca4
On what date did brothers from Holy Cross arrive at the future location of Notre Dame?
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{ "text": [ "November 26, 1842" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 290 ], "end": [ 306 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 57 ], "end": [ 60 ] } ] }
[ "November 26, 1842" ]
SQuAD
In 1842, the Bishop of Vincennes, Célestine Guynemer de la Hailandière, offered land to Father Edward Sorin of the Congregation of the Holy Cross, on the condition that he build a college in two years. Fr. Sorin arrived on the site with eight Holy Cross brothers from France and Ireland on November 26, 1842, and began the school using Father Stephen Badin's old log chapel. He soon erected additional buildings, including Old College, the first church, and the first main building. They immediately acquired two students and set about building additions to the campus.
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343ce6a586c944bea4bed3ccf6ebff6a
Which structure was the first used for the purposes of the college?
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{ "text": [ "Father Stephen Badin's old log chapel" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 336 ], "end": [ 372 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 67 ], "end": [ 73 ] } ] }
[ "Father Stephen Badin's old log chapel" ]
SQuAD
The first degrees from the college were awarded in 1849. The university was expanded with new buildings to accommodate more students and faculty. With each new president, new academic programs were offered and new buildings built to accommodate them. The original Main Building built by Sorin just after he arrived was replaced by a larger "Main Building" in 1865, which housed the university's administration, classrooms, and dormitories. Beginning in 1873, a library collection was started by Father Lemonnier. By 1879 it had grown to ten thousand volumes that were housed in the Main Building.
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d219137da3fa424695a01efb4ff7cf60
In what year did the initial degrees get handed out at Notre Dame?
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[ "1849" ]
SQuAD
The first degrees from the college were awarded in 1849. The university was expanded with new buildings to accommodate more students and faculty. With each new president, new academic programs were offered and new buildings built to accommodate them. The original Main Building built by Sorin just after he arrived was replaced by a larger "Main Building" in 1865, which housed the university's administration, classrooms, and dormitories. Beginning in 1873, a library collection was started by Father Lemonnier. By 1879 it had grown to ten thousand volumes that were housed in the Main Building.
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6b6074c909594dc0a94286c0e9831f77
In what year did the original Sorin built Main Building get replaced?
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{ "text": [ "1865" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 359 ], "end": [ 362 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 64 ], "end": [ 64 ] } ] }
[ "1865" ]
SQuAD
The first degrees from the college were awarded in 1849. The university was expanded with new buildings to accommodate more students and faculty. With each new president, new academic programs were offered and new buildings built to accommodate them. The original Main Building built by Sorin just after he arrived was replaced by a larger "Main Building" in 1865, which housed the university's administration, classrooms, and dormitories. Beginning in 1873, a library collection was started by Father Lemonnier. By 1879 it had grown to ten thousand volumes that were housed in the Main Building.
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1364870a8830437b9f643a58a8f130f2
Which individual began a library at Notre Dame?
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{ "text": [ "Father Lemonnier" ], "char_spans": [ { "start": [ 495 ], "end": [ 510 ] } ], "token_spans": [ { "start": [ 88 ], "end": [ 89 ] } ] }
[ "Father Lemonnier" ]