stance
int64 -1
1
| premise
stringlengths 21
342
| hypothesis
stringclasses 2
values | validated_stance
int64 -1
1
| validation_source
stringclasses 1
value | entailment
int64 0
1
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0 | Last month had been the hottest September on record, and in fact took the biggest leap above the previous September that any month has displayed since 1880, when tracking began at a global scale. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | In California alone, rising sea levels could threaten $100 billion in infrastructure and imperil half a million people. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
-1 | Global warming has made next to no difference to Britain’s climate. | climate change is a serious concern | -1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Evidence of the climate 's warming "is unequivocal" based on observed increases in the world's average air and ocean temperatures, the widespread melting of snow and ice and a rising global average sea level. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
-1 | Global warming isn't happening. | climate change is a serious concern | -1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
-1 | Global warming is a hoax. | climate change is a serious concern | -1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Alarming levels of sea level rise are predicted to threaten Florida over the next decades. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | Over the past several years, the United States has seen an increase in business growth that has counteracted the lingering effects of the recession. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Global warming is happening and it will be dangerous to human health and welfare. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | Some icebergs are cute. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | A global price on carbon is politically and economically unlikely, but individual nations have already implemented and may continue to implement such systems to meet their climate goals. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | If global temperatures are allowed to rise to 2 degrees Celsius, “virtually all” coral reefs will be lost. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | The world will avoid global warming of more than 2C above pre-industrial levels. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | Snow accumulation has dramatically increased on West Antarctica’s coastal ice sheet in the 20th century. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | It is because of these benefits and the concerns regarding the adverse impacts that global warming will have upon the state and our environment, including desert ecosystems. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | All these plants would have put hundreds of millions of tons of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | The long-term trajectory is toward low-and zero-carbon transportation. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | The global population of polar bears, estimated at 26,000, will decline by 30 percent over the next 35 years due to melting Arctic ice. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | Most of their potential for catastrophic ice mass loss has already run its course. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Climate change is, beyond a reasonable doubt, the result of humans releasing fossil fuels and other greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
1 | Global warming is going to cause more wars. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | Carbon dioxide is in fact a greenhouse gas. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
-1 | The global warming hoax is a plot to increase government control and spending. | climate change is a serious concern | -1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Basically all of the warming in the last 60 years is attributed to human activities, and carbon dioxide emissions are the top driver. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | Had Exxon continued in that role, there might not be such a cacophony of anti-climate arguments that are ongoing now because there would have been somebody at the table who came from the side of fossil fuel use and would have been shown to be a leader in terms of the science. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
-1 | Carbon dioxide fertilizes plants, and emissions from fossil fuels have already had a hugely beneficial effect on crops, increasing yields by at least 10-15 percent. | climate change is a serious concern | -1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | The effect will be to eliminate emissions that are equivalent to 400,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide a year, about the same global warming impact as 78,000 cars. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
-1 | Global temperature had dropped in the last 10 years. | climate change is a serious concern | -1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | Exxonmobil has spent at least $8 million dollars funding a network of groups to challenge the existence of global warming. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | Humanity will not alter its energy course as consequences of burning all fossil fuels become clearer. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | This is a clear conflict of interest for a financial institution to both profit from financing fossil fuels and profit from carbon trading. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | The White House had received ”a lot of communications” from those critical of any attempt to regulate emissions that are viewed as contributing to global warming. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Global warming is occurring thanks to human activity. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | They tell us to reduce our carbon emissions. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | The forests of the world are continuing to take up a large amount of carbon. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
-1 | Global warming is a hoax. | climate change is a serious concern | -1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Alarming levels of sea level rise are predicted to threaten Florida over the next decades. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | Over the past several years, the United States has seen an increase in business growth that has counteracted the lingering effects of the recession. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Global warming is happening and it will be dangerous to human health and welfare. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | Some icebergs are cute. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
-1 | NOAA researchers had used misleading data to exaggerate global warming, and failed to archive it so it couldn’t be verified. | climate change is a serious concern | -1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | Carbon footprint calculations do not take into account the emissions produced by goods that are imported into countries. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | Some portions of Manhattan could experience flooding, but not the entire island, even under the most catastrophic models. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | Pressure to reduce carbon dioxide emissions will continue. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Global Greenhouse Gas emissions must fall by 75–90 percent by 2050, compared with 2010 levels, to provide the best chance of limiting climate change to 1.5 degrees Celsius. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
1 | Global warming is a reality. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
1 | The utilities are creating a public nuisance by burning coal and pouring heat-trapping gases into the atmosphere, adding to the problem of global warming. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
1 | Human activity is responsible for most global warming. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | Gor the first time, carbon dioxide emissions have stabilized, at least temporarily, while global gross domestic product grew robustly. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Women are more likely to be harmed in the kinds of natural disasters made more likely by global warming, bear greater responsibility for getting access to water, energy, and other basics of domestic life, and often are shut out of opportunities when resources decline. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
1 | Unfortunately, what is happening now in our central regions is evidence of this global climate change, because we have never in our history faced such weather conditions in the past. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | Carbon trading is the same colonialism we’ve been fighting for centuries. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | Global temperatures last year ranked as the second warmest since record keeping began in 1888. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | We found out that the majority of our carbon emissions are actually coming from our supply chains. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Significant numbers of people are leaving their homelands because of global warming. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
1 | Radical innovation in low-carbon energy technology is critical to long term climate mitigation. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
1 | Earlier this year painted a bleaker portrait than the IPCC, stating that without a "decisive shift" by 2030 the globe will pass the point of no return and be unable to keep the global temperature rise to below 2C. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | The university keeps its fossil fuel investments due to financial reasons. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Earth is more sensitive to fossil-fuel emissions than what is commonly believed. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
-1 | The seas will rise by a few inches by 2100, but that prediction is as ridiculous as a 1910 prediction that the world would be covered by horse droppings by 2000. | climate change is a serious concern | -1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | Most scientists agree on whether global warming is happening. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | This year tied with 2007 as having the second smallest ice extent ever recorded. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
-1 | Global warming is a hoax. | climate change is a serious concern | -1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Alarming levels of sea level rise are predicted to threaten Florida over the next decades. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | Over the past several years, the United States has seen an increase in business growth that has counteracted the lingering effects of the recession. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Global warming is happening and it will be dangerous to human health and welfare. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | This summer is seeing record lows for Arctic ice. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | What remains is an enhanced global ambition to curb climate change and safeguard against its effects. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
1 | Climate change is a likely threat to national security – though scientists can not yet predict particular climate effects of anticipated global warming with any degree of certainty. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
-1 | Perhaps the most inconvenient fact is the lack of global warming for well over 10 years now. | climate change is a serious concern | -1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | The current commitments are insufficient to limit global warming to 2 degrees C. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
1 | The algae is yet another example of the many environmental crises plaguing Florida, along with sea levels [ that ] are already causing the streets of Miami Beach to flood at high tide. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
1 | That’s what we’re going to use to push other countries to join in global climate action. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
1 | Global warning, and not El Niño, has caused the record highs. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
-1 | Global warming doesn’t worry me — at least not in a gut-twisting, obsessive way. | climate change is a serious concern | -1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
-1 | The more educated a population is about climate change, the more sceptical it is likely to be about claims that global warming will have catastrophic effects. | climate change is a serious concern | -1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Around 250 million people will be displaced globally by climate change by the year 2050. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | One ninety-year-old local woman who has lived her entire life on the isthmus had never seen flooding there like the inundations of October 2011. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Global warming could wipe out more than half the earth’s species in the next few centuries. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
1 | The world only had a few decades, if even, to keep global future warming below 2 degrees Celsius and prevent practically all coral reefs from dying, more substantial sea level rise, and other catastrophic impacts. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | Reservoirs may account for 1.3 percent of global methane emissions. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | At high amounts of warming large fractions of the permafrost could melt, and some of the projections have that at from 60 to 90 percent of the permafrost melting. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | We see often that the so-called villains of the large scale, often oil companies, are operating both at the local level and at the global level. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Addressing these challenges, and reducing our carbon footprint, is a moral imperative. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | The adjustments are made to account for shifting patterns of climate-data collection (the same adjustments are among the targets of those challenging global warming evidence). | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Like electricity should be more expensive if we want to burn fewer fossil fuels for power generation and do something to curb global warming. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
-1 | Climate models have failed to accurately predict global temperatures. | climate change is a serious concern | -1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | There are a lot of Republican economists who would like us to put a price on carbon. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | Exxon, and perhaps the fossil fuel industry more generally, might help propel a vigorous new burst of research in ways to take back the CO2 added to the atmosphere by fossil fuel combustion at a scale that would matter to the climate system. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | A majority of Americans feel that global climate change is either extremely or very important. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | Through the 1980s, Exxon researched the emerging science of man-made climate change by, among other things, modeling increases in global temperatures due to carbon dioxide emissions. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | Americans between the ages of 18 and 34 are, for the most part, split on the issue of global warming and, on some indicators, relatively disengaged when compared to older generations. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | Carbon fees or taxes are a potentially effective strategy for reducing greenhouse-gas initiatives. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
0 | We now have 380 parts per million of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
-1 | Global warming is a hoax. | climate change is a serious concern | -1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Alarming levels of sea level rise are predicted to threaten Florida over the next decades. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | Over the past several years, the United States has seen an increase in business growth that has counteracted the lingering effects of the recession. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Global warming is happening and it will be dangerous to human health and welfare. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |
0 | Some icebergs are cute. | climate change is a serious concern | 0 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 1 |
1 | Global climate change will have important and extensive implications for US national security interests over the next 20 years. | climate change is a serious concern | 1 | gpt-4o-2024-05-13 | 0 |