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<s>[INST] My Asthma Worsens Whenever I Take Pain Medication. Why? [/INST] One possibility is that you are sensitive to aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs, which include Advil, Motrin, Aleve or Naprosyn). This is a serious asthma trigger and you should completely avoid all of these drugs. Your doctor should also see you so they can evaluate this problem. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is often safe to use for treatment of pain and/or fever. Source: webMD. Link: https://www.webmd.com/asthma/asthma-faq. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Can Asthma Drugs Affect my Baby if I'm Pregnant? [/INST] It is normal for mothers-to-be to feel uneasy taking medications while pregnant. However, if a pregnant woman has asthma, it is especially important that their asthma is well controlled not only for their own health but also for the health and development of their unborn child. If you are pregnant or thinking of becoming pregnant, discuss your asthma with your doctor so your airways can be stabilized and appropriate medications prescribed. The risks of uncontrolled asthma in pregnancy are greater than the risks of necessary prescribed asthma drugs. Source: webMD. Link: https://www.webmd.com/asthma/asthma-faq. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] How Can I Prevent Asthma Symptoms After Exercise? [/INST] You shouldn't avoid exercise because of exercise-induced asthma. Inhaled medications taken prior to exercise can usually help control and prevent exercise-induced asthma symptoms. The preferred medications are short-acting beta 2-agonists such as albuterol.In addition to taking asthma medicine, warming up prior to exercising may help prevent an attack. For those with known allergies, outside exercise should be limited during high pollen days. Outside exercise should also be limited when temperatures are very low or air pollution levels are high. The presence of viral infections, such as colds, can also increase symptoms, so it's best to restrict your exercise when you're sick. Source: webMD. Link: https://www.webmd.com/asthma/asthma-faq. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] I'm Exposed to Substances at Work That Worsen my Asthma. What Can I Do to Prevent This? [/INST] Generally, if asthma symptoms are worse on days that you work, and improve when you are at home for any length of time (weekends, vacations) and then reoccur when you return to work, occupational asthma should be considered. This may be allergy related or an irritant reaction from exposure to triggers in the workplace. Identification and avoidance of triggers and starting an appropriate medical treatment plan will help to stabilize your airways and decrease symptoms. Ask your doctor to refer you to a specialist, preferably an allergist, to begin the correct treatment program. Source: webMD. Link: https://www.webmd.com/asthma/asthma-faq. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] I Have Heartburn; Can It Worsen Asthma? [/INST] Heartburn is often a sign of a disease called GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease). Although studies have shown a relationship between asthma and GERD, the exact relationship is uncertain. GERD may worsen asthma symptoms and make asthma harder to treat. If you have coughing that is not completely resolved by taking your asthma medications, then inform your doctor. GERD can be one of the reasons this is happening. Source: webMD. Link: https://www.webmd.com/asthma/asthma-faq. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What Do I Do If I Have an Asthma Attack? [/INST] An asthma attack is a sudden worsening of asthma symptoms caused by the tightening of muscles around your airways (bronchospasm). If you are experiencing an asthma attack, follow the "Red Zone" or emergency instructions in your asthma action plan immediately. If you have trouble breathing, walking or talking, or you have blue lips or fingernails, call 911. Source: webMD. Link: https://www.webmd.com/asthma/asthma-faq. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What Are Natural Remedies for Asthma? [/INST] With all the studies on alternative medicine and natural remedies, you may wonder if there’s a natural cure for asthma. Unfortunately, there is no cure for asthma at this point. In fact, you should avoid any treatment or product -- natural or otherwise -- that claims to be a "cure" for asthma.Some natural therapies may help you manage symptoms of asthma. For instance, a negative response to emotional stress can cause an asthma attack. Some natural relaxation remedies like deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, guided imagery, and biofeedback can help relieve stress.Other findings suggest that diet plays a role in easing asthma symptoms. For example, omega-3 fatty acids found naturally in high-fat fish like salmon, mackerel, and cod may help your body fight inflammation. Whether this may help people who have asthma is still unproven. Source: webMD. Link: https://www.webmd.com/asthma/natural-cure-asthma. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What is asthma? [/INST] Asthma is a disease in your body's airways, which are the paths that carry air to your lungs. Asthma causes the inside walls of the airways to be inflamed or swollen.  When this happens, people have repeated episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness or nighttime or early morning coughing.  Asthma is common among children and teens, but anyone can have asthma.  Although there is no cure for asthma yet, asthma can be controlled when patients and doctors work together using medicines and management of environmental triggers. Source: EPA. Link: https://www.epa.gov/asthma/what-asthma-0. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Who gets asthma? [/INST] Anyone can get asthma--people of all ethnic groups, male and female, young and old, city dwellers and rural dwellers. In the United States, more than 25 million people have asthma. Asthma is common among children and teens, and about 3 students in an average classroom of 30 have asthma.While no one knows for sure why some people develop asthma and others don't, we do know that it is a combination of your family history and your environment.There is no cure for asthma. Once you have asthma, you will have the disease for the rest of your life. But with proper care, you can lead a healthy, productive, fully active life. Source: EPA. Link: https://www.epa.gov/asthma/who-gets-asthma. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What is an asthma symptom, episode, or attack? [/INST] Asthma is a disease in your body's airways, which are the paths that carry air to your lungs. Asthma symptoms may include coughing, chest tightness, wheezing, and trouble breathing. When people have only some coughing, wheezing, or trouble breathing, they call it having asthma symptoms, an asthma episode, or an asthma exacerbation. When asthma symptoms keep getting worse or are suddenly very severe, it is an asthma attack.During an asthma episode or attack, the sides of the airways in your lungs swell, and the airways shrink. Less air gets in and out of your lungs, and mucus clogs up the airways even more. Severe asthma attacks can be life-threatening. Source: EPA. Link: https://www.epa.gov/asthma/what-asthma-symptom-episode-or-attack. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Do children outgrow asthma? [/INST] No. Asthma is a lifelong disease. Some children may have fewer symptoms in their teens but they still have asthma.The pattern of wheezing seen in young children can make this issue confusing. About two-thirds of children (age six and younger) who wheeze when they have a cold do not have wheezing after age six. Many of these children may be initially diagnosed with asthma. This does not mean they "outgrew" their asthma--it usually means that they probably didn't have asthma in the first place.If your child has symptoms (including wheezing, coughing, tightness in the chest or shortness of breath), it is important to talk with your child's doctor. If your child has asthma, your doctor will help you develop a treatment plan so your child can lead a healthy, active life. Source: EPA. Link: https://www.epa.gov/asthma/do-children-outgrow-asthma. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] How does mold affect people with asthma? [/INST] Molds can trigger asthma episodes in sensitive individuals with asthma. People with asthma should avoid contact with exposure to molds.Molds are microscopic fungi that live on plant and animal matter. Molds can be found almost anywhere, and grow best in damp places such as kitchens, bathrooms, and basements. Source: EPA. Link: https://www.epa.gov/asthma/how-does-mold-affect-people-asthma. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What is asthma? [/INST] Asthma is a chronic, or long-term, disease that inflames and narrows your lungs’ airways. It causes a variety of symptoms that can worsen at any time, making breathing difficult. There are several types of asthma, each with different causes and triggers. Depending on symptoms, medicine use, and lung function, asthma is classified by severity levels, ranging from mild to intermediate to severe. Source: Asthma.com. Link: https://www.asthma.com/understanding-asthma/questions-about-asthma/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What are the effects of asthma? [/INST] The airway constriction and inflammation caused by asthma can result in common symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, or shortness of breath. When these symptoms happen, their severity differs from person to person. They may get better or worse with time. Through daily monitoring of symptoms and medication use, you and your doctor together can create an Asthma Action Plan to help you control them. Source: Asthma.com. Link: https://www.asthma.com/understanding-asthma/questions-about-asthma/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Can you catch asthma from another person? [/INST] No. Asthma is not contagious. Source: Asthma.com. Link: https://www.asthma.com/understanding-asthma/questions-about-asthma/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Can asthma be cured? [/INST] No, asthma cannot be cured, but it can be managed. Asthma is a chronic disease in the airways of your lungs. You may need to monitor your asthma symptoms every day because the disease is always with you. Source: Asthma.com. Link: https://www.asthma.com/understanding-asthma/questions-about-asthma/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Can I play sports if I have asthma? [/INST] Most people with asthma can participate in all types of physical activity. Physical activity can provide many benefits for people living with asthma. Talk to your doctor about how to manage your asthma while playing sports. If you start to have pain or a tight feeling in your chest, have a cough, or become short of breath during exercise, stop the activity right away and follow your doctor’s instructions Source: Asthma.com. Link: https://www.asthma.com/understanding-asthma/questions-about-asthma/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Is it worth trying to avoid asthma triggers? [/INST] Yes, avoiding asthma triggers and recognizing when they make your symptoms worse are important to managing your asthma. Source: Asthma.com. Link: https://www.asthma.com/understanding-asthma/questions-about-asthma/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Is there a cure for asthma? I've heard or read about people who were cured. [/INST] There is no cure for asthma, though there is a lot of research being carried out now in the areas of indoor and outdoor pollution, allergies, gene therapy, cell biology, and chemistry, just to name a few. The results of these studies will help us understand more about why this disease happens, and how we can control it even better.The people who have claimed to be cured may be in one of those "quiet times" common in asthma, when there is a lot of time between asthma attacks. They have not really been cured, and their asthma symptoms could come back at any time, especially if they are not taking their asthma medications as they should. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Is it safe for people with asthma to get a flu shot? [/INST] Flu shots are safe and should be given to people with asthma older than 6 months old. The nasal spray flu vaccine should not be used for people with asthma. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] I'm thinking about getting pregnant- what should I do about my asthma? [/INST] You should talk to your doctor about any concerns you may have before you become pregnant. Asthma sometimes changes with pregnancy, so you will have to pay special attention to your breathing to make sure you keep your asthma under control. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] I've heard that being overweight can cause asthma. Is that true? [/INST] There have been some studies that have shown a link between obesity and asthma, but there is not enough proof to say that being overweight definitely causes asthma. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] My doctor has ordered breathing tests for me to see if I have asthma. How are these tests done? [/INST] Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are a series of different breathing tests, usually done at a hospital or clinic. Most of these breathing tests are done by blowing into a tube while sitting in a chair or booth. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Do people really die from asthma? [/INST] It is true that people can die from asthma. You may have heard or read about this in the news recently, but it is rare. Asthma is a very serious disease, but there is absolutely no reason for anyone to die from it. Learning about what triggers your asthma, the early warning signs to look for, and how to use your medicine the right way will help you keep your asthma under control. Talk to your doctor or asthma educator if you are still worried about a severe asthma attack. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Why do I have to take medicines every day? [/INST] Knowing what happens in your lungs when you have asthma may help you to understand why you need to keep using medicines every day, even when you aren’t having trouble with your asthma. The lining of the airways gets inflamed, or swells, when you have asthma if you come in contact with an asthma trigger – something that makes your asthma worse. The swelling makes the airways smaller which makes it difficult for air to move through the narrowed air passageways.When inflammation happens, extra mucus is made in the lining of the airways. This mucus can be very thick and sticky, and may form into plugs that may completely block some of the airways. In addition, smooth muscle bands surround the airways. When the airways swell, these muscle bands often constrict or clamp down, further narrowing or squeezing the airways. Together, airway swelling, excess mucus, and tightened muscle bands cause airway narrowing and make it hard to breathe.Your long-term controller medicine is the one that works over an extended period of time to help keep the inflammation (swelling) in your airways down. It also helps stops them from being so twitchy or sensitive. This means they are less likely to react when you have a cold or when you are around one of your triggers.You need to take your controller every day for it to be effective, usually first thing in the morning and last thing at night. If you do not take your long-term controller medicine every day, it will not work as well to help prevent asthma trouble. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] My mouth gets dry from my asthma medicine and from breathing through my mouth from a stuffy nose. Will that cause problems? [/INST] A dry mouth can cause problems for your mouth and teeth, like more cavities, mouth sores, bad breath and gum disease. It’s a good idea to let your dentist know that you have asthma, and to bring your asthma medicines with you to your dentist visits. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Are some dog breeds, like poodles, better for people with asthma? [/INST] It is the protein found in the pet's saliva, dander and urine that triggers asthma symptoms in some people, not the pet's hair or fur. Since all dogs have dander, saliva and urine, no one breed is better than another for people with asthma. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST]  I've read about some alternative treatments that say they help people with asthma. Do they actually help? [/INST] If you are thinking about trying an alternative treatment for your asthma, talk to your doctor about it first. Alternative treatments, like herbal teas or chiropractic care, should never be used in place of traditional, scientifically-proven medications, which have been scientifically studied and proven effective. There is currently no scientific evidence that alternative treatments are effective in the treatment of asthma. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Do children outgrow asthma? [/INST] Some kids will stop having asthma symptoms as frequently as in the past, and it may seem like they have outgrown it. But it isn't gone, it just isn’t active, and could come back at any time. Other kids will have to deal with asthma throughout their lives. The best thing to do is to keep an eye on your child and get all the help you can. Have regular checkups with your doctor or asthma educator to make sure your child is getting the right medicines. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] My baby coughs a lot, even when he isn't sick with a cold. He doesn't wheeze. Could this be asthma? [/INST] Not all children with asthma will wheeze. It may be asthma even if his only symptom is coughing. Asthma may also make his cough worse during colds, when he is around tobacco smoke or other things he is allergic to, or when he is active. He needs to see the doctor for this as soon as possible, so that a correct diagnosis about his cough can be made. If it is asthma, there are ways available to prevent or control asthma symptoms. This may include medications and simply keeping the child away from things that cause the symptoms. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] My daughter only has trouble with her asthma when she is at school. Why is that? [/INST] If she only has trouble at school, there is probably a trigger (i.e., something that starts – or triggers – an asthma attack) for her asthma there that is not anywhere else. If the symptoms start early in the day, she may have a trigger on the bus. Go to the school and talk with the teacher, school nurse, bus manager (if needed) and principal about your daughter's breathing problems.Schools must provide "reasonable accommodation" for students with asthma. Make sure they have a copy of her most current Asthma Action/Management Plan so that they know what to do for her symptoms. Then work with them to find and remove the trigger – this checklist may help. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] My husband smokes and I was just told that our son has asthma. What should I do? [/INST] Your son's asthma is a serious problem, and needs to be taken seriously by the whole family. Cigarette smoke is very irritating to the lungs of a child with asthma, and may even cause permanent damage. Is your husband ready to quit? That's the best way to keep your son healthy. If your husband does not, then you need to ask him to go outside every time he smokes. It’s best if he wears a “smoking jacket” (a jacket or shirt worn over regular clothes) while does so, then take it off before coming in the home.Make sure your home is always a smoke-free place so your son can breathe easily. Also, make sure your husband never smokes in the car. If it's hard for you to talk with your husband about this, ask your doctor or asthma educator to help you. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Why do more people have asthma now than in the past? [/INST] It seems there are more cases of asthma today because it is more correctly diagnosed than it was in the past.That said, the overall incidence of asthma has been increasing. While researchers do not know exactly why, they do have several theories.One theory suggests that more people develop asthma today because we spend more time indoors than people used to. Indoor air can contain a number of asthma triggers, such as smoke, dust mites and pet allergens. Additionally, in response to the oil crisis of the 1970s, modern homes are more tightly sealed than older homes. This means that indoor air doesn’t circulate with outdoor air the way it did in older, better-ventilated homes. As a result, people inside are exposed to greater amounts of indoor air and the triggers it may contain.Other theories attempting to explain why asthma is on the rise include the suggestion that outdoor air pollution has a significant effect on asthma. There is also the possibility that because children today experience fewer infections, they are somehow more susceptible to developing asthma. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Why is my asthma worse at night? [/INST] Nocturnal Asthma, also called nighttime asthma, nocturnal asthma refers to the worsening of asthma symptoms — such as chest tightness, coughing, shortness of breath, and wheezing — during the night. Breathing difficulties and coughing caused by nocturnal asthma create sleep disturbances that leave you feeling sluggish and tired the next day. Uncontrolled nighttime asthma can seriously impact your quality of life. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx . Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Why do I experience asthma symptoms when I laugh or cry? [/INST] If laughing or crying brings on symptoms, your asthma is not being properly controlled. Talk to your doctor or an asthma educator about ways to better control your asthma. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] A friend suggested I move to a different part of the country. Should I? [/INST] Asthma occurs everywhere, so moving generally will not help. Usually your house, not your geographic area, is the most important consideration for people with asthma. The home can contain triggers like old carpets full of per allergens and dust mites and mould. But, if there is one particular asthma trigger that is a big problem in your area, moving somewhere where it is low or absent may help. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Do children outgrow asthma? [/INST] In most cases, asthma is a life-long condition. Occasionally, people with asthma will enjoy long periods in which they do not experience symptoms. Often, children who have asthma find that their symptoms disappear during adolescence but return when they reach adulthood. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Is asthma an allergy? [/INST] Asthma and allergies are related but they are not the same thing. An allergy is a reaction to a substance that is usually harmless. These substances can be inhaled, injected, swallowed, or touched. A person who is exposed to an allergen may react with irritation and swelling in specific areas of the body such as the nose, eyes, lungs or skin.An example of an allergic reaction of the skin is called eczema, an itchy rash commonly found in the creases of the arms, legs and neck.An allergic reaction in the nose is called rhinitis or hay fever. Common symptoms of allergic rhinitis are itchy, runny nose, stuffiness, sneezing, ear blockage and watery eyes.In the lungs, an allergic reaction manifests itself as asthma. Although allergens are common asthma triggers, many experience asthma symptoms with non-allergic triggers such as smoke, cold air or exercise. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Do milk products make asthma worse? [/INST] Milk and other foods do not generally cause asthma symptoms unless a person is allergic to them. If you do have food allergies that contribute to asthma symptoms, do not eat those foods.If you’re told you can’t eat certain foods, it’s important to make sure you’re getting the nutrients you need from other, non-allergic products. Ask your doctor or a dietitian how you can control your asthma symptoms and still enjoy a healthy, balanced diet. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] When I exercise, my asthma symptoms get worse. Should I stop? [/INST] Everyone benefits from some form of exercise. If exercise makes your asthma symptoms worse, it means your asthma is not well-controlled. Tell your doctor so changes can be made so that you can exercise without experiencing symptoms. You can learn more about exercising with asthma here. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Can allergy medicines help my asthma? [/INST] Perhaps. Doctors use antihistamines, decongestants, non-steroidal and corticosteroidal medications to manage allergic reactions (You can learn more about allergy treatments here) . If the allergic reaction is in the airway, corticosteroids are used to reduce the inflammation. If nasal symptoms are present, then antihistamines, decongestants and nasal steroid sprays may be prescribed. Keeping the nasal passages clear allows you to breath through your nose, which helps filter, warm and humidify the air you breathe into your lungs. Proper management of rhinitis often improves asthma control. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] I'm pregnant. Should I stop taking my asthma medication? [/INST] No. Poorly controlled asthma is a much greater risk to your baby. Remember, you’re breathing for two.Most asthma medication is generally safe to take during pregnancy but, as always, you should be taking the lowest amount of medication that controls your asthma. Discuss any concerns with your doctor – he or she can explain the risks and benefits in greater detail. Keep in mind that when you’re pregnant, it’s more important than ever to avoid your personal asthma triggers as well as any source of tobacco smoke. Source: AIM. Link: https://getasthmahelp.org/adult-faq.aspx. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] How Can You Tell if You Have Asthma? [/INST] It can be hard to tell if someone has asthma, especially in children under age 5. Having a doctor check how well your lungs work and check for allergies can help you find out if you have asthma. During a checkup, a doctor will ask if you cough a lot, especially at night. He or she will also ask whether your breathing problems are worse after physical activity or at certain times of year. The doctor will then ask about chest tightness, wheezing, and colds lasting more than 10 days. He or she will ask whether anyone in your family has or has had asthma, allergies, or other breathing problems. Finally, the doctor will ask questions about your home and whether you have missed school or work or have trouble doing certain things. The doctor may also do a breathing test, called spirometry, to find out how well your lungs are working by testing how much air you can breathe out after taking a very deep breath before and after you use asthma medicine. Source: Centre for Disease control and prevention . Link: https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/faqs.htm. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What Is an Asthma Attack? [/INST] An asthma attack may include coughing, chest tightness, wheezing, and trouble breathing. The attack happens in your body’s airways, which are the paths that carry air to your lungs. As the air moves through your lungs, the airways become smaller, like the branches of a tree are smaller than the tree trunk. During an asthma attack, the sides of the airways in your lungs swell and the airways shrink. Less air gets in and out of your lungs, and mucous that your body makes clogs up the airways. You can control your asthma by knowing the warning signs of an asthma attack, staying away from things that cause an attack, and following your doctor’s advice. When you control your asthma: you won’t have symptoms such as wheezing or coughing, you’ll sleep better, you won’t miss work or school, you can take part in all physical activities, and you won’t have to go to the hospital. Source: Centre for Disease control and prevention . Link: https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/faqs.htm. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What Causes an Asthma Attack? [/INST] An asthma attack can happen when you are exposed to “asthma triggers.” Your asthma triggers can be very different from someone else’s asthma triggers. Know your triggers and learn how to avoid them. Watch out for an attack when you can’t avoid your triggers. Some of the most common triggers are tobacco smoke, dust mites, outdoor air pollution, cockroach allergen, pets, mold, smoke from burning wood or grass, and infections like flu. Source: Centre for Disease control and prevention . Link: https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/faqs.htm. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] How Is Asthma Treated? [/INST] Take your medicine exactly as your doctor tells you and stay away from things that can trigger an attack to control your asthma. Everyone with asthma does not take the same medicine. You can breathe in some medicines and take other medicines as a pill. Asthma medicines come in two types—quick-relief and long-term control. Quick-relief medicines control the symptoms of an asthma attack. If you need to use your quick-relief medicines more and more, visit your doctor to see if you need a different medicine. Long-term control medicines help you have fewer and milder attacks, but they don’t help you while you are having an asthma attack. Asthma medicines can have side effects, but most side effects are mild and soon go away. Ask your doctor about the side effects of your medicines. Remember – you can control your asthma. With your doctor’s help, make your own asthma action plan. Decide who should have a copy of your plan and where he or she should keep it. Take your long-term control medicine even when you don’t have symptoms. Source: Centre for Disease control and prevention . Link: https://www.cdc.gov/asthma/faqs.htm. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Who Gets Asthma and What is the Impact of Asthma? [/INST] Asthma affects Americans of all ages, races, and ethnic groups but low-income and minority populations experience higher rates of hospital admissions and emergency room visits due to asthma. Asthma can run in families, if someone in a family has asthma, another member is more likely to have it. Asthma can impact a person's day-to-day life: Asthma is a leading cause of school absences Asthma can result in many lost nights of sleep Asthma can disrupt daily activities According to recent New York State Department of Health (NYSDOH) asthma surveillance information: Approximately 1 in 10 adults in New York State have asthma Approximately 1 in 12 children in New York State have asthma 1 in every 2 New Yorkers with asthma does not have their asthma under control Non-Hispanic black and multi-race non-Hispanic individuals have the highest prevalence and mortality rates of asthma The Bronx has the highest emergency department visit and hospital discharge rates for asthma in New York State Asthma caused an average of 299 deaths per year in New York over the ten-year period from 2009 to 2019 The cost for asthma-related services in 2014 for the Medicaid Managed Care population alone was more than $316 million, and the average cost per visit was $994 Source: New York State Department of Health. Link: https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/asthma/asthma_faqs.htm. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What Causes Asthma Symptoms? [/INST] Asthma causes airways, the passages that bring air to your lungs, to become very sensitive and reactive. When airways come in contact with "triggers", the airways narrow, swell and produce mucus. In addition, the muscles on the outside of the airways constrict and tighten around the airways. As a result, breathing becomes difficult. These effects cause episodes of breathlessness, wheezing, coughing, and chest tightness. Having one or several of these symptoms is called an asthma episode, or attack. These symptoms are usually temporary and can be mild or life threatening. Source: New York State Department of Health. Link: https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/asthma/asthma_faqs.htm. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What are Asthma Triggers? [/INST] Asthma triggers can vary greatly from person to person. Knowing and managing triggers is a key part of asthma management. Once a person knows their triggers, it is possible to develop a plan to avoid them. Upper respiratory viral infections, house dust mites, cockroach debris, animal dander, mold, pollen, cold air, exercise, stress, tobacco smoke and indoor and outdoor air pollutants can trigger symptoms. Asthma triggers affect people differently, but studies have shown that if they are reduced or eliminated, symptoms and the need for medications are reduced and lung function is improved. Common Factors or Triggers: Tobacco Smoke Exercise Stress Cold Air Pollen Mold Animal Dander Dust Mites Debris Cockroaches Debris Diesel Exhaust Air Pollution Isocyanates Dyes Formaldehyde Wood Dust Source: New York State Department of Health. Link: https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/asthma/asthma_faqs.htm. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] How can Asthma Attacks be Reduced or Prevented? [/INST] Using the correct medications, reducing exposure to triggers and learning how to manage asthma as a chronic disease can reduce both the frequency and severity of asthma symptoms. Source: New York State Department of Health. Link: https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/asthma/asthma_faqs.htm. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] How is Asthma Managed? [/INST] Asthma can be well controlled with: Medical management Proper use of asthma medications and devices Self-management of asthma symptoms, and Reducing exposure to asthma triggers Source: New York State Department of Health. Link: https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/asthma/asthma_faqs.htm. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What Do You Need to Do? [/INST] Select a primary care physician/provider Keep appointments even if you are not having any symptoms Develop an Asthma Action Plan (AAP Spanish) with your provider. Keep a copy of your plan handy to refer to. If your child has asthma, share a copy of his or her plan with your child's daycare or school. Learn about asthma medications Learn how and when to use the right medicine Take the medicine prescribed by your physician to prevent asthma symptoms, even if you are not experiencing symptoms Learn what "triggers" your asthma symptoms Remove and reduce the triggers in your environment that make your asthma worse Learn when to call for medical care and what to do in an emergency Source: New York State Department of Health. Link: https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/asthma/asthma_faqs.htm. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What Medications are Used for Asthma? [/INST] Not everyone with asthma takes the same medicine. Some medicines can be inhaled or breathed in. Others can be taken orally in the form of a pill. It is important to know what asthma medication a person has been prescribed and when to take it. Not all medications work in the same way, even if they come in the same kind of container. There are two common types of asthma medicines: quick-relief medications and long-acting control medications. Quick-Relief Medications control the symptoms of an asthma attack. They are also known as rescue medications or short acting beta2-antagonist (SABA). All people with asthma need quick-relief medicines to help relieve asthma symptoms that may flare up. Inhaled rescue medications are the first choice for quick-relief. These medicines act quickly to relax tight muscles around the airways when an attack occurs. This allows the airways to open so air can flow through them. If a person is using their quick-relief medicines more than usual, they should visit their health care provider. Long-Acting Control Medications, also known as long-term control medicines, are taken regularly. This type of medication is taken even when a person is not having an asthma attack or has no symptoms. It can help a person with asthma have fewer and milder attacks. Most people who have asthma need to take long-term control medicines daily to help prevent symptoms. Long-term medicines reduce airway inflammation, which helps prevent symptoms from starting. These medicines don't give quick-relief from symptoms. A quick-relief medicine would still need to be used if a person is having an asthma attack. Asthma medicines can have side effects, but most side effects are mild and soon go away. A health care provider can explain the side effects of asthma medicines. If You are Taking Asthma Medications, You Need to Know: The kind of medication you are taking How you are supposed to take your medication How the medication helps your asthma The side effects of the medication Source: New York State Department of Health. Link: https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/asthma/asthma_faqs.htm. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Can asthma can cured? [/INST] No, not yet. However, it can be controlled, by using controller medication and by avoiding your allergic and non-allergic asthma triggers. Source: Asthma Canada. Link: https://asthma.ca/get-help/understanding-asthma/frequently-asked-questions/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What is airway remodelling? [/INST] Airway remodelling may occur when asthma is not treated or controlled effectively as long term airway inflammation may result in permanent changes in the airways. The actual structure of your airway walls can change causing blockage that can’t be completely reversed with treatment. Asthma is defined as “a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways” and is characterized by reversible airway obstruction. Irreversible airway obstruction may develop due to the alterations in airway structure that occur with airway remodeling. Airway remodelling is an ongoing process in reaction to inflammation as the body activates a process in an attempt to repair the lungs in response to persistent inflammation. This leads to permanent structural and functional changes. Much as a skin wound leads to scar tissue formation (this has a different structure from surrounding skin); airway remodelling results in different airway characteristics. The cells (epithelial) that line the airway are damaged and the basement membrane underneath the epithelial cells becomes thicker. More blood vessels are formed and the amount of smooth muscle surrounding the airway increases. The airways loose elasticity, the walls thicken, and excess muscle results in bronchoconstriction and long term loss of lung function, a worsening of asthma and the development of fixed airflow limitation. Airway remodelling may be, at least somewhat, reversible and preventable. The number of asthma attacks has been associated with greater decline in lung function and a higher risk of airway remodeling. Treatments for asthma may play a significant role by reducing asthma exacerbations resulting in preventing the decline in lung function and airway remodeling. It is extremely important for you to learn how and why your medications work. The current treatment of asthma is aimed toward decreasing airway inflammation, reducing symptoms, and improving lung function. The use of controller/anti-inflammatory medications reduces the inflammatory process associated with asthma and thus results in less remodelling. A return toward normal airway structure has been found when proper and regular anti-inflammatory treatment is followed. Source: Asthma Canada. Link: https://asthma.ca/get-help/understanding-asthma/frequently-asked-questions/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Why do more people have asthma now than in the past? [/INST] It seems there are more cases of asthma today because it is more correctly diagnosed than it was in the past. That said, the overall incidence of asthma has been increasing. While researchers do not know exactly why, they do have several theories. One theory suggests that more people develop asthma today because we spend more time indoors than people used to. Indoor air can contain a number of asthma triggers, such as smoke, dust mites and pet allergens. Additionally, in response to the oil crisis of the 1970s, modern homes are more tightly sealed than older homes. This means that indoor air doesn’t circulate with outdoor air the way it did in older, better-ventilated homes. As a result, people inside are exposed to greater amounts of indoor air and the triggers it may contain. Other theories attempting to explain why asthma is on the rise include the suggestion that outdoor air pollution has a significant effect on asthma. There is also the possibility that because children today experience fewer infections, they are somehow more susceptible to developing asthma. Source: Asthma Canada. Link: https://asthma.ca/get-help/understanding-asthma/frequently-asked-questions/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Why is my asthma worse at night? [/INST] There are several factors that may contribute to you experiencing more asthma symptoms or more severe symptoms at night: The circadian rhythm causes certain natural hormones (similar to those in certain asthma medications) to be at lower levels at night. These lower hormone levels reduce the diameter of the airways slightly and may make it more likely that you experience asthma symptoms at night. You could be inhaling dust mite allergens from your pillows, blankets and mattress while you sleep. When you lie down, the distribution of gravity on your chest can put extra pressure on your lungs. Source: Asthma Canada. Link: https://asthma.ca/get-help/understanding-asthma/frequently-asked-questions/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Why do I experience asthma symptoms when I laugh or cry? [/INST] If laughing or crying brings on symptoms, your asthma is not being properly controlled. Talk to your doctor or an asthma educator about ways to better control your asthma. Source: Asthma Canada. Link: https://asthma.ca/get-help/understanding-asthma/frequently-asked-questions/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] I'm feeling better. Can I stop taking my medication? [/INST] Never stop taking your medication unless your doctor tells you to. If you stop taking your medication against your doctor’s advice, you may make your asthma worse. Source: Asthma Canada. Link: https://asthma.ca/get-help/understanding-asthma/frequently-asked-questions/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Are there different types of asthma? [/INST] All asthma is characterized by long-term inflammation, an increase in mucous, and “twitchy” airways. However, asthma has been called by different names according to when and how it develops. These names include: Bronchial asthma Childhood asthma Adult-onset asthma Occupational asthma Allergic asthma Non-allergic asthma Mild asthma Moderate asthma Severe Asthma Intermittent asthma Persistent asthma Silent Asthma Fragile asthma Coughing asthma Viral-induced asthma No matter what kind of name it’s given, asthma is almost always managed by taking appropriate medications as directed and avoiding environmental triggers. Source: Asthma Canada. Link: https://asthma.ca/get-help/understanding-asthma/frequently-asked-questions/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Can I become dependent on, or addicted to, my asthma medication? [/INST] No. It is not true that the more asthma medication you take, or the longer you take it, the more you’ll need. Asthma medication is not addictive and you do not have to keep taking more to get the same effect. Using more medication for symptom relief may mean your asthma is getting worse and that controller medication is needed. Source: Asthma Canada. Link: https://asthma.ca/get-help/understanding-asthma/frequently-asked-questions/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] My symptoms aren't bad. Can't I just put up with them instead of taking medication? [/INST] Medication is an important part of controlling asthma. If asthma is not well-controlled, it can lead to serious consequences, including: A decrease in your overall quality of life (trouble sleeping, the inability to enjoy regular exercise, time missed from school or work) A greater chance of experiencing a severe, life-threatening asthma attack (every year, about 250 Canadians die from asthma) Long-term, uncontrolled airway inflammation that can lead to permanent damage of the lungs Source: Asthma Canada. Link: https://asthma.ca/get-help/understanding-asthma/frequently-asked-questions/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] I don't experience 'asthma attacks'. Why do I have to take medication every day? [/INST] Keeping your asthma under control doesn’t just mean never having an asthma attack. Well-controlled asthma is defined as the absence of any regular symptoms. Source: Asthma Canada. Link: https://asthma.ca/get-help/understanding-asthma/frequently-asked-questions/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] I only have mild asthma. Do I still have to take daily medication? [/INST] Mild asthma can still cause regular symptoms that can limit the quality of your life. It can also mean long-term inflammation in your airways, which may cause permanent damage to your lungs if not well-controlled. Consequently, your doctor may prescribe daily anti-inflammatory medication, even if you only have mild asthma. Mild asthma is sometimes classified as “mild intermittent,” meaning that symptoms are mild and occasional, and “mild persistent,” meaning the symptoms are mild but occur regularly. Of these two types, “mild persistent” is more likely to require a low dose of daily anti-inflammatory medication. Source: Asthma Canada. Link: https://asthma.ca/get-help/understanding-asthma/frequently-asked-questions/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Can alternative therapies help my asthma? [/INST] Although many people try alternative therapies, and many practitioners claim that they help, alternative therapies have not been conclusively shown to be effective in treating asthma. Here’s what The Canadian Asthma Consensus Report, 1999, a supplement to The Canadian Medical Association Journal 1999; 161 (11 Suppl) has to say on the subject: “There is no objective evidence of any benefit, apart from placebo effect, from the more frequently used unconventional therapies such as acupuncture, chiropractic, homeopathy, naturopathy, osteopathy and herbal remedies.” If you do decide to try an alternative therapy, tell your physician first, and make sure you continue to take your controller medication as directed. Bear in mind that, in addition to the fact that alternative therapies have not been properly tested, they also haven’t been tested for side effects. Most herbs do not have to be tested for benefits or side effects because they’re classified as food products. And remember, just because something is called “natural” doesn’t mean that it’s healthy. Cyanide, uranium and viruses are all perfectly “natural.” Source: Asthma Canada. Link: https://asthma.ca/get-help/understanding-asthma/frequently-asked-questions/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Can I donate blood if I take asthma medications? [/INST] Most asthma medications do not prevent people from donating blood. As long as you are not experiencing asthma symptoms, you are likely able to donate. Source: Asthma Canada. Link: https://asthma.ca/get-help/understanding-asthma/frequently-asked-questions/ . Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Can hay fever make my asthma worse? [/INST] Yes. An itchy, runny or blocked nose due to hay fever or allergies (called allergic rhinitis) can make asthma harder to control. The good news is that treating the symptoms in your nose and throat can also improve your asthma symptoms. Corticosteroid nasal sprays are effective treatments for managing allergic rhinitis. They can be used every day long term, if needed, just like preventers for asthma. Source: National Asthma Council Australia. Link: https://www.nationalasthma.org.au/understanding-asthma/faqs. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Do I need to take my preventer medication every day? [/INST] Yes, if your doctor has told you to do so. Preventer medications help make your airways less sensitive by reducing the amount of redness and swelling (inflammation) in your lungs. Preventers need to be taken regularly to work properly – they help keep your asthma under control and help you avoid asthma attacks. Sticking to medications can be hard. Ask your doctor, pharmacist or asthma educator to explain your medications – sticking to your treatments can be easier if you know what they are, how they work and why you need them. Ask for a personal written asthma action plan, which has instructions on when and how you should use each of your medications. Source: National Asthma Council Australia. Link: https://www.nationalasthma.org.au/understanding-asthma/faqs. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] How can I prevent asthma attacks? [/INST] You can do several things to help prevent your asthma symptoms getting worse or developing into an asthma attack. Know what triggers your asthma and try to avoid or reduce your exposure to these triggers Take your medications as instructed by your doctor, even when you feel well Follow your personal written asthma action plan, developed with your doctor Make sure you are using your inhaler (puffer) properly Source: National Asthma Council Australia. Link: https://www.nationalasthma.org.au/understanding-asthma/faqs. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Is it okay to take aspirin? [/INST] Possibly. Fewer than one in nine adults with asthma are sensitive to aspirin and similar medicines like ibuprofen (called nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs). And aspirin-intolerant asthma is even less common in children. However, if you have experienced sensitivity to aspirin or one type of NSAID, you are likely to react to other types of NSAIDs too. Ask your doctor or pharmacist about risk factors for aspirin-intolerant asthma and whether you can stop avoiding these pain relievers Source: National Asthma Council Australia. Link: https://www.nationalasthma.org.au/understanding-asthma/faqs. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Should I stop taking my asthma medications if I'm pregnant? [/INST] No. Most asthma medications have very good safety profiles for use in pregnancy, so don't stop or change your asthma medications without first speaking with your doctor. Remember, if you can't breathe, neither can your baby. Speak to your GP to make sure that your day-to-day asthma is under control with appropriate medications and that your personal written asthma action plan is up to date so you know what to do if your asthma flares up. Ensure your whole healthcare team (e.g. obstetrician, midwife) know that you have asthma and how you manage it. Source: National Asthma Council Australia. Link: https://www.nationalasthma.org.au/understanding-asthma/faqs. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Should I avoid milk and other dairy products? [/INST] No. The ‘milk myth’ – the idea that milk makes mucous or that dairy triggers asthma – has been busted by scientists for some time. In fact, cow’s milk and other dairy foods very rarely trigger asthma symptoms in people without milk allergy. Limiting dairy in your diet can have significant health and nutrition effects, particularly for children, so talk to your doctor first if you have any concerns about food reactions. Source: National Asthma Council Australia. Link: https://www.nationalasthma.org.au/understanding-asthma/faqs. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Why do I need to shake my puffer before using it? [/INST] The liquid inside your puffer is mixture of medicine and propellant (the substance that forces the spray into your lungs). The medicine droplets tend to settle separately from the propellent inside your puffer when you aren't using it. This means that if you take a dose without shaking, you could be inhaling just the propellant and no medicine at all. The mixture settles back quickly, so you need to re-shake before each puff. Source: National Asthma Council Australia. Link: https://www.nationalasthma.org.au/understanding-asthma/faqs. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Why should I use a puffer and spacer instead of a nebuliser? [/INST] The latest research shows that a puffer with spacer works just as well as a nebuliser for treating asthma in almost all circumstances, including during an asthma attack. A puffer with spacer is also simpler, cheaper and handier, is much more portable, and has fewer side-effects. If you or a family member still uses a nebuliser for day-to-day or emergency asthma management, ask your doctor whether you can make the switch. Source: National Asthma Council Australia. Link: https://www.nationalasthma.org.au/understanding-asthma/faqs. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Will moving somewhere else help my asthma or allergies? [/INST] Moving to another suburb, city or even country is a very big step if your asthma or allergies are the only reason you are considering such a move. Unfortunately, it may not have as much impact as you hope. Different people’s asthma is triggered by different factors, but many people with asthma and allergies have an underlying allergic sensitivity (called atopy). For example, if you are allergic to grasses and pollens, you might have fewer symptoms on first moving from an inland region to a coastal area. However, while a different climate may help in the short term, over a longer time you might develop sensitivities to triggers in your new environment such as dust mites. Before making such a move, speak to your doctor and/or asthma educator about your asthma and allergy concerns. There may be some simple steps you can take in your current home. Source: National Asthma Council Australia. Link: https://www.nationalasthma.org.au/understanding-asthma/faqs. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What is Asthma? [/INST] Asthma is an inflammatory disorder of the airways. When an asthma attack occurs, the muscles surrounding the airways become tight and the lining of the air passages swell. This reduces the amount of air that can pass by, and can lead to wheezing sounds. Most people with asthma have wheezing attacks separated by symptom free periods. Other symptoms include shortness of breath, cough and chest tightness. Asthma attacks can last minutes to days and can become dangerous if the airflow becomes severely restricted. Source: Occupational Asthma. Link: https://www.hsa.ie/eng/workplace_health/occupational_asthma_and_dermatitis/occupational_asthma_frequently_asked_questions/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What is Work Related Asthma? [/INST] Work related asthma accounts for about 10% of all adult onset asthma. Asthma related to the workplace can be categorised into 2 distinct subsets: Work aggravated asthma, and occupational asthma Work Aggravated Asthma Persons with work aggravated asthma usually have a history of pre-existing asthma. This usually has been symptomatic and the person may have been on treatment but sometimes they have not. Some but not all of this latter group may give a history of childhood asthma, that they have “grown out” of. They may tell of recurrent asthmatic episodes that are triggered by cold temperatures, excessive exertion, or exposure to irritant aerosols including dusts, fumes, vapours, and gases. These people may get wheezy or have other symptoms at work. The problem can often be eliminated by improving the work environment or avoiding the irritant. Occupational Asthma Occupational asthma is caused as a direct result of workplace exposure. There are 2 forms of occupational asthma: Irritant Induced Occupational Asthma (previously called Reactive Airway Dysfunction Syndrome or RADS) and Allergic Occupational Asthma. This is the cause of the vast majority of occupational asthma cases. Irritant Induced Occupational Asthma usually develops after a single, very high exposure to an irritant chemical. It is a direct “burn” effect on the airways and is not related to the immune system. Examples of causal agents include ammonia, acids and smoke. The high levels of exposure required are usually the result of accidents or some major failure of controls, often in enclosed spaces. The workers nearly always manifest asthma symptoms within 24 hours of the exposure, that is, there is no latent period. Symptoms will tend to improve over time and may go away entirely but if symptoms persist beyond 6 months persistent problems are possible. Whether recurrent exposure to lower levels of respiratory irritants leads to irritant induced asthma is currently a matter of debate but the majority of experts believe it does not. Allergic Occupational Asthma is caused by sensitisation or becoming allergic to a specific chemical agent in the workplace over a period of time. This is the mechanism for the vast majority (>90%) of cases of occupational asthma. The sensitisation process does not occur after one exposure but develops over time (i.e., latency period). Latency periods are variable and can be as short as several weeks or as long as 30 years. If exposure is consistent, the period of greatest risk is the first two years of exposure but the risk does not go away after that but may reduce somewhat. Source: Occupational Asthma. Link: https://www.hsa.ie/eng/workplace_health/occupational_asthma_and_dermatitis/occupational_asthma_frequently_asked_questions/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What is the Natural History of Occupational Asthma? [/INST] If exposure to the causative agent ceases completely, the condition will nearly always improve. If this happens within the first two years of the development of the condition then complete recovery is usual. The longer the exposure continues however, not alone is there a tendency for the condition to get worse, but the less likely it is that there will be a complete recovery although a cessation of exposure is nearly always of benefit. For these reasons identifying a case of occupational asthma as early as possible is of paramount importance, and hence the reason for health surveillance. Source: Occupational Asthma. Link: https://www.hsa.ie/eng/workplace_health/occupational_asthma_and_dermatitis/occupational_asthma_frequently_asked_questions/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What is asthma? [/INST] Asthma is a reversible periodic disease of the airways. This means that the airways clamp down and get very sensitive, causing a variety of symptoms such as shortness of breath, cough and wheezing. Some people’s asthma is caused by allergies and the resulting inflammation in their airways. For some with non-allergic asthma, their bodies do not metabolize certain chemicals properly and so they have a buildup of these chemicals in their body that then cause their asthma symptoms. Others have asthma due to inflammatory changes within their own bodies Source: Banner Health. Link: https://www.bannerhealth.com/services/asthma/faqs. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Is there anything I can do to prevent asthma? [/INST] Allergic asthma can sometimes be prevented by treating environmental allergies with allergy shots and other medical therapies. You can also take steps to prevent asthma by managing risk factors and being aware of triggers. Source: Banner Health. Link: https://www.bannerhealth.com/services/asthma/faqs. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What are the signs and symptoms of asthma? [/INST] Shortness of breath, wheezing and heaviness or tightness in the chest are all signs and symptoms of asthma Source: Banner Health. Link: https://www.bannerhealth.com/services/asthma/faqs. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What is the difference between allergic asthma and non-allergic asthma? [/INST] Non-allergic asthma can develop in anybody, especially adults, and is treated similarly to allergic asthma. Allergic asthma is triggered by breathing in allergens, but in some cases asthma can be a chronic condition because it causes changes within a patient’s lungs. Source: Banner Health. Link: https://www.bannerhealth.com/services/asthma/faqs. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] How is asthma diagnosed? [/INST] Asthma is diagnosed based on your history of symptoms and breathing tests, called pulmonary function tests. Source: Banner Health. Link: https://www.bannerhealth.com/services/asthma/faqs. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Can I outgrow asthma? [/INST] Yes. Some children will outgrow asthma and other patients will have it come and go over the course of their lives. Source: Banner Health. Link: https://www.bannerhealth.com/services/asthma/faqs. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What are some treatment options for asthma? [/INST] If you have allergic asthma, you can be treated for environmental allergies through avoidance measures. There are also inhalers, pill-based therapies and injectable therapies that can be prescribed, based on the severity of your asthma symptoms and the degree of impairment of lung function. It’s important that if you have asthma, your asthma is treated properly and not as another lung issue. Source: Banner Health. Link: https://www.bannerhealth.com/services/asthma/faqs. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] How does an allergic reaction cause asthma symptoms? [/INST] An allergic response occurs when immune system proteins (antibodies) mistakenly identify a harmless substance, such as tree pollen, as an invader. In an attempt to protect your body from the substance, antibodies bind to the allergen. The chemicals released by your immune system lead to allergy signs and symptoms, such as nasal congestion, runny nose, itchy eyes or skin reactions. For some people, this same reaction also affects the lungs and airways, leading to asthma symptoms. Source: Mayo Clinic. Link: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/asthma/in-depth/allergies-and-asthma/art-20047458. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Are allergies and asthma treated differently? [/INST] Most treatments are designed to treat either asthma or allergic rhinitis. But a few treatments help with both conditions. Some examples: Leukotriene modifier. This type of medication can ease both allergic rhinitis and asthma symptoms. Called a leukotriene modifier, this daily pill helps control immune system chemicals released during an allergic reaction. Montelukast (Singulair) is the leukotriene modifier that can treat both asthma and allergic rhinitis. Allergy shots (immunotherapy). Allergy shots can help treat asthma by gradually reducing your immune-system response to certain allergy triggers. Immunotherapy involves getting regular injections of a tiny amount of the allergens that trigger your symptoms. Your immune system builds up a tolerance to the allergens over time, and your allergic reactions diminish. In turn, asthma symptoms decrease as well. This treatment generally requires regular injections over a period of time. Anti-immunoglobulin E (IgE) therapy. When you have an allergy, your immune system mistakenly identifies a specific substance as something harmful and releases antibodies, known as IgE, against the culprit allergen. The next time you encounter that allergen, the IgE antibodies sense it and signal your immune system to release a chemical called histamine, as well as other chemicals, into your bloodstream. The medication omalizumab (Xolair) interferes with IgE in the body and helps prevent the allergic reaction that triggers asthma symptoms. This treatment is used for more severe allergic asthma, but it might also help allergic rhinitis. You may need other medications to treat allergies or asthma, especially if your symptoms become severe at times. However, recognizing and avoiding the substances that trigger your symptoms is an important step you can take. Source: Mayo Clinic. Link: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/asthma/in-depth/allergies-and-asthma/art-20047459. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Who's at risk of allergic asthma? [/INST] A family history of allergies is a major risk factor for allergic asthma. Having hay fever or other allergies yourself also increases your risk of getting asthma. Source: Mayo Clinic. Link: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/asthma/in-depth/allergies-and-asthma/art-20047460. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Is all asthma caused by allergies? [/INST] Though allergic asthma is very common, there are other types of asthma with different kinds of triggers. For some people, asthma can be triggered by exercise, infections, cold air, gastroesophageal reflux disease or stress. Many people have more than one kind of asthma trigger. Source: Mayo Clinic. Link: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/asthma/in-depth/allergies-and-asthma/art-20047461. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Take charge: Get symptoms under control [/INST] Know the things that trigger your allergy and asthma symptoms and learn how to limit your exposure to them. Work with your doctor to find the best treatment to manage your symptoms, and check in with your doctor on a regular basis. Because allergy and asthma symptoms can change over time, you may need to adjust your treatment accordingly. Learn the signs that your asthma may be flaring up — and know what to do when it does. Source: Mayo Clinic. Link: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/asthma/in-depth/allergies-and-asthma/art-20047462. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Can asthma be cured and is it fatal? [/INST] Asthma is a chronic disease that cannot be cured. However, with daily care it can be controlled. Deaths from asthma are rare and usually preventable.They are usually caused by a lack of medical care and education and improper use of medicines. Asthma ordinarily causes no permanent lung damage. When asthma is controlled, the condition of your lungs return to normal. So, it is important that you take care of yourself and see your doctor on a regular basis so an asthma control plan can be developed for you and followed by you. Once you have a plan, you will only need to spend a few minutes each day to monitor and control your disease. Source: UNC School of Medicine. Link: https://www.med.unc.edu/medicine/pulmonary/patient-care/pulmonary-subspecialty-care/asthma/asthma-faq/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Can asthma progress into emphysema? [/INST] No. Emphysema is a different disease that is common among individuals who smoke. With emphysema, there is permanent lung damage in the alveoli. Some people who smoke have both asthma and emphysema. Source: UNC School of Medicine. Link: https://www.med.unc.edu/medicine/pulmonary/patient-care/pulmonary-subspecialty-care/asthma/asthma-faq/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Could I have avoided getting asthma if I had taken better care of myself in the past? [/INST] No. Nothing you did caused you to have asthma. No one knows what causes asthma, but more people are developing it. However while you have no power over the fact you have asthma, you have the ability to control the disease. Source: UNC School of Medicine. Link: https://www.med.unc.edu/medicine/pulmonary/patient-care/pulmonary-subspecialty-care/asthma/asthma-faq/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Will I ever be able to play sports or even walk long distances again? [/INST] Exercise, proper diet and adequate sleep are important in living a healthy life for all of us. If you keep your asthma under control, you will be able to perform most of your usual activities and exercises. Source: UNC School of Medicine. Link: https://www.med.unc.edu/medicine/pulmonary/patient-care/pulmonary-subspecialty-care/asthma/asthma-faq/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] Are asthma medicines dangerous? [/INST] Asthma medicines that are prescribed by your doctor are safe when taken as directed. Report any side effects to your doctor. Your doctor can change or adjust your medicines. Be sure your doctor knows about all the medications you are taking. Some medications used to treat other diseases can make your asthma worse. Some of the asthma drugs that can be bought without a prescription are powerful and can cause dangerous side effects or even death. Regular medical care will give you the assurance that you are doing the best you can to manage and control your asthma, both now and in the future. Source: UNC School of Medicine. Link: https://www.med.unc.edu/medicine/pulmonary/patient-care/pulmonary-subspecialty-care/asthma/asthma-faq/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] I heard that asthma is ‘all in your head’. Is this true? [/INST] No, Asthma is a disease. It is not a sign of emotional disturbance. Asthma episodes can sometimes be brought on by a strong emotion, but it is not caused by emotional factors. Source: UNC School of Medicine. Link: https://www.med.unc.edu/medicine/pulmonary/patient-care/pulmonary-subspecialty-care/asthma/asthma-faq/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What Causes Asthma? [/INST] Airway inflammation and airway constriction are the main components of asthma. Both of these impact the airways of the lungs, making it more difficult to breathe. It’s important to treat asthma symptoms as soon as you notice them to help prevent them from getting worse or causing a severe asthma attack. Source: The Doctors Clinic. Link: https://www.thedoctorsclinic.com/tdc-allergy/services/asthma/asthma-faq/. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What Is an Asthma Attack Like? [/INST] People with asthma react in different ways to risk factors and triggers. Some experience asthma symptoms when they are exposed to several factors or triggers at once, while for others, exposure to one trigger alone is enough to set off an attack. Some people have more severe attacks when they are exposed to more than one trigger. When people with asthma are exposed to their triggers, their immune systems start trying to fight off the allergens. This results in inflammation (swelling) of the walls or lining of the air passages that blocks or narrows the airways. This makes breathing difficult (like breathing through a straw for a long time) and noisy, and/or it causes coughing. When breathing passages become irritated or infected, an asthma attack is triggered. Asthma attacks do not always occur immediately after someone is exposed to a trigger. Depending on the person and the particular trigger, an attack can happen hours or even days later. It may occur during either the day or night. The main asthma symptom is wheezing. Wheezing is a whistling, hissing sound when breathing. This noise is made by the sound of air passing through narrowed tubes (air passages). Wheezes can occur during inhaling or exhaling but are usually heard while exhaling. Other symptoms include breathlessness, chest tightness or pain, coughing, difficulty speaking, prolonged shortness of breath, and extreme fatigue. Source: emedicinehealth. Link: https://www.emedicinehealth.com/asthma_faqs/article_em.htm#what_are_medications_for_asthma. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What Is the Difference Between Allergies and Asthma? [/INST] Allergies and asthma are different, though they may have related reactions and some of the body's chemicals that are involved in allergies are also involved in asthma. An allergy is an inflammatory reaction or response to a specific substance. Allergic reactions can involve nasal membranes, the eyes, the skin, the tongue, and the breathing passages in severe reactions. Allergy symptoms include an itchy, stuffy, or runny nose, sneezing, itchy, red, or irritated skin, and itchy, burning, or watery eyes. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory lung (lower respiratory) disease that causes difficulty breathing. The things that trigger allergies can also trigger asthma attacks. Allergy symptoms may be a sign of irritants in the air that can provoke asthma symptoms, and allergy attacks can lead to asthma attacks. With both allergies and asthma, people's immune systems react to fight off the allergens (the material that sets off the reaction). The resulting inflammation causes the airways in people with asthma to become significantly narrowed. The swelling that is called inflammation comes from increased mucus and an increased number of white blood cells in the walls of the air passages. In addition, the air passages are narrowed by the contraction of the muscle that surrounds the lining of the airways. These irritated muscles contract in excess, like a rubber band that closes the air tubes even further. People with asthma also usually have allergies. Hay fever (allergic rhinitis) and sinusitis are quite common in asthma patients. Source: emedicinehealth. Link: https://www.emedicinehealth.com/asthma_faqs/article_em.htm#what_are_medications_for_asthma. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>

<s>[INST] What Causes Asthma? [/INST] While there is no known specific cause of asthma, what all people with asthma have in common is chronic airway inflammation. Their airways are highly sensitive to various triggers. When their airways come into contact with a trigger, the airways become inflamed (they fill with mucus, swell, and narrow). Then muscles within the airways contract, causing even further narrowing of the airways. This makes breathing difficult and results in an asthma attack. Triggers are different for different individuals. Common ones include the following: Exposure to tobacco smoke Breathing polluted air Inhaling irritants such as perfume and cleaning products Allergens such as molds, dust, and animal dander Exposure to cold, dry weather Stress Exercise or physical exertion Medications including aspirin and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen An upper respiratory infection such as a cold, flu, or bronchitis Sulfites (additives to some foods and wines) Changes in weather can also trigger asthma attacks because of the irritants and allergens stirred up by wind and rain. Asthma is on the rise in the United States and other developed countries. While the reasons are not clear, the following factors may contribute to the rise: Spending more time indoors where exposure to indoor allergens such as dust and mold and some chemicals from building materials is greater Living in cleaner conditions than people did in the past, which makes our immune systems more sensitive (reactive) to triggers Exposure to increased air pollution Increased physical inactivity (lack of exercise) Source: emedicinehealth. Link: https://www.emedicinehealth.com/asthma_faqs/article_em.htm#what_are_medications_for_asthma. Field: Lung Disease. Disease: Asthma </s>