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karthikmns
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eval_testing_mns

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variety of substances are taken as food by every organisms from single
celluar organisms like amoeba to the complex multicellular organisms
like the human body. Even within the human body the cells require a wide
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variety of substances as food to carryout their functions. The mode of
acquiring food varies from organism to organism.
You have studied in the previous classes about how different organisms
get their food. Let us recall them.
What are autotrophs? How do autotrophs get their food?
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What are heterotrophs? How do heterotrophs get their food?
Let us study about autotrophic and heterotrophic modes of nutrition
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and find out why most plants are called as autotrophs.
Autotrophic Nutrition
We know that autotrophs are the organisms capable of using light
energy to synthesize chemical compounds. They acquire nutrients like
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mineral salts and water from the soil as well as some gases from the air.
They are capable of producing complex compounds like carbohydrates,
proteins and lipids from these very simple substances. These compounds
produced by autotrophic plants are utilized for providing energy to most
of the living organisms and all animals including human beings.
Most of the food that we eat are obtained from plants. Even if we
depend on animal products, we would find that those animals depend on
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plants for their food. But how do plants carry out their life processes?
Scientists have been working for centuries to find out how plants carry
out these life processes. We know that among all life processes, the process
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of photosynthesis makes plants “the universal food providers” for all living
organisms.
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You have studied something about photosynthesis in your earlier
classes. Von Helmont and other scientists believed that plants get their
food material not only from soil but also from other sources.
Can you name some raw materials needed for photosynthesis?
What could be the end products of the process of photosynthesis?
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Let us study the process of photosynthesis in detail.
Photosynthesis
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Photosynthesis is the process by which
plants containing the green pigment
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oxygen ‘chlorophyll’ build up complex organic
molecules from simple inorganic ones,
using sun light as an energy source. The
sunlight
process of photosynthesis is very complex.
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Several reactions takes place in this process
carbon dioxide
chlorophyll and intermediate compounds are also
formed. Scientists had tried to formulate a
water simple equation to indicate photosynthesis
over 200 years. The equation that is used
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fig-1: Photosynthesis widely is formulated and proposed by
C.B. Van Neil in 1931 . His opinion was,
“for each molecule of carbohydrate formed, one molecule of water and
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one molecule of oxygen is produced”. Though photosynthesis is a very
complex process, we use the following simple equation.
Light
CO2 + 2H2O CH2O + H2O + O2
Chlorophyll
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