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AToMiC-Texts-v0.2-medium

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projected-17325181-002

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTC%20Touch%20Diamond

HTC Touch Diamond

Software

The HTC Touch Diamond, also known as the HTC P3700 or its the HTC Diamond, is a -powered designed and manufactured by . It is the first device to feature - a new version of the TouchFLO interface, unique to the Touch family. The HTC Touch Diamond was first available in in late May 2008. It was available across all major European carriers in June 2008, and later in the year in other parts of the world. The Touch Diamond was launched on September 14, 2008 on the network, and April 10, 2009 on the network. The an release date was slightly delayed by a last-minute ROM update. The carrier bound names for this phone include T-Mobile MDA Compact IV, O2 XDA Diamond and O2 XDA Ignito. It is the official successor of the . The successor to the Touch Diamond - the - was announced in February 2009 for Q2 2009 release outside the US and Q4 release estimated for North America.

In addition to the standard features of , the following additional software is included on the Diamond:

wit-train-topic-002963354

projected-23570955-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trevor%20Jackson%20%28diver%29

Trevor Jackson (diver)

Introduction

Captain Trevor Jackson (born 26 November 1965) is an , , and . In 2002 he staged what became known as the "Centaur Dive", which subsequently led to the gazetted position of the sunken being questioned. Jackson is the inventor of the 'Sea Tiger' lost diver location system, and an author on the subject of .

wit-train-topic-000578584

projected-23570955-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trevor%20Jackson%20%28diver%29

Trevor Jackson (diver)

Centaur dive

Captain Trevor Jackson (born 26 November 1965) is an , , and . In 2002 he staged what became known as the "Centaur Dive", which subsequently led to the gazetted position of the sunken being questioned. Jackson is the inventor of the 'Sea Tiger' lost diver location system, and an author on the subject of .

Jackson had doubted the accuracy of the Australian Government's original findings for some time before he and New Zealand diver, Dr , supported by a team of 15 back-up divers, staged a world record to investigate the site. The dive took place near on 14 May 2002, after nearly a year of planning. At a depth of , the dive was the deepest scuba dive to a wreck undertaken at the time, a world record which held for several years. A camera was taken to the bottom by Jackson but pressure related equipment difficulties meant that no usable footage was retrieved. Despite the lack of conclusive proof, the pair remained adamant for several years that the wreck they had seen on the dive was too small to be the Centaur. Jackson was quoted on the 60 minutes current affairs program: "this wasn't a wreck of the dimensions that the Centaur was which, you know, was 100m long. It was a much smaller thing". They suspected that the wreck was a small freighter called the Kyogle, sunk in 1951 by the . Eventually their insistence prompted investigations by the media and the . It was subsequently shown that the Centaur was not where it had been assumed. In 2009 the Government approved funding for a renewed search for the lost hospital ship. The true resting place of the Centaur was discovered in December of that year.

wit-train-topic-004959174

projected-17325234-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirill%20Yevstigneyev

Kirill Yevstigneyev

Introduction

Kirill Alekseyevich Yevstigneyev (; – 29 August 1996) was a Soviet and one of the top of . During his career he claimed 53 solo and 3 shared aerial victories flying the and fighters.

wit-train-topic-002002045

projected-20463671-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thockrington

Thockrington

Introduction

Thockrington is a village and former , now in the parish of , in , England. The village lies about north of . In 1951 the parish had a population of 18.

wit-train-topic-002288329

projected-20463671-003

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thockrington

Thockrington

Landmarks

Thockrington is a village and former , now in the parish of , in , England. The village lies about north of . In 1951 the parish had a population of 18.

A little over a mile south-west of the village are the ruins of Little Swinburne Tower, a fifteenth-century .

wit-train-topic-004702890

projected-20463693-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages%20of%20South%20Asia

Languages of South Asia

Introduction

is home to several hundred languages, spanning the countries of , , , , , , and . It is home to the third most spoken language in the world, ; and the sixth most spoken language, . The languages in the region mostly comprise and languages, and further members of other language families like , , and languages. is considered the international lingua franca of the .

wit-train-topic-000556368

projected-20463714-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josef%20Degeorgi

Josef Degeorgi

Introduction

Josef Degeorgi (born 19 January 1960) is a former international n . Degeorgi won the Austrian league four times and the Austrian cup three times while playing for from 1983 to 1990.

wit-train-topic-001372920

projected-23571005-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kampfgeschwader%2026

Kampfgeschwader 26

Introduction

Kampfgeschwader 26 (KG 26) "Löwengeschwader"''' (in English Bomber 26 aka "Lions' Wing" by virtue of its insignia) was a German air force bomber wing unit during World War II. Its units participated on all of the in the until the end of the war. It operated three of the major German aircraft types; the , and the . The unit engaged in both , , and operations. The majority of its operational life – not entirely unlike another Luftwaffe wing designated — was spent on anti-shipping missions. History 26 was formed on 1 May 1939 at with ./KG 26 and I. Gruppe (Group). II. Gruppe was formed near  Blankensee. III Gruppe was not formed until 1 November 1939 near (). It was disbanded as redesignated K.Gr. 126. The Gruppe second formation took place on 20 February 1940 at Lübeck. War Time Service Poland During the Stab./KG 26 operated from Gabbert under , (Air Fleet 1). On 7 September the unit was placed under the command of 2. Fliegerdivision, . Stab./KG 26 was ordered to Lübeck-Blankensee in North West Germany on 12 September to begin operations in the . II. Gruppe had 35 Heinkel He 111s with 31 serviceable on 1 September 1939. Based at Gabbert-Pomerania under 1. Fliegerdivision, Luftflotte 1. It attacked targets around throughout the campaign, attacking targets and Polish Army troop concentrations in the path of the 's advance between 2–4 September. Operations shifted to airfields on 4–5 September in the and area. On 7 September the units assaulted rail targets in the Lvov area in support of the . I./KG 26 was withdrawn from operations over Poland on 12 September. North Sea operations Stab./KG 26 began operations from the Lübeck base under the command of 10. Fliegerdivision on 12 September. I./KG 26 had played no part in the Polish Campaign. It had been ordered to Lübeck with 36 He 111s, 32 serviceable, under the command of 4. Fliegerdivision Luftflotte 2 for anti-shipping operations. On 1 September the unit conducted a reconnaissance over the . 1.Staffel attacked the on 26 September. 3. Staffel conducted anti-shipping missions against Britain's east coast with some success. On 28 October 1939, a Heinkel He 111H bomber from KG 26, bearing the Geschwaderkennung of 1H+JA (the "A" denoting the or command flight), officially became the first German aircraft to be shot down on British soil by the . As it returned from a reconnaissance over the , fighters of and intercepted the bomber over . It crash landed near the small hamlet of , near the town of in East Lothian, Scotland, and is often referred to as the 'Humbie Heinkel'. was credited with the victory. On 22 February 1940, a Heinkel He 111 bomber from KG 26 bombed and sank the , who lost 280 of her crew and was survived by 60. During operations to save the crew, the also sank when it hit a mine, losing all hands. A post-war investigation determined that she had drifted into a newly laid British minefield. Hitler ordered a court of inquiry to be convened to investigate the cause of the losses and it concluded that both ships that been sunk by bombs from the He 111. The Kriegsmarine had failed to notify its destroyers that the Luftwaffe was making anti-shipping patrols at that time and had also failed to inform the Luftwaffe that its destroyers would be at sea. 3. Staffel sank five small vessels near the on 7 December 1939. On 16 March 1940 3.Staffel attacked and hit and one other ship, though the latter was not significantly damaged. Denmark and Norway The unit did participate in . Stab./KG 26 was placed under . During the rapid 6 hour German invasion of Denmark (1940) the unit moved to Aalborg Airport, Denmark on 12 April 1940. It relocated during the Norwegian Campaign to Stavanger, then Trondheim as the Wehrmacht progressed northward. I./KG 26 was based at Marx, near Wilhelmshaven and made cross-water attacks against Norwegian Navy coastal batteries at Kristiansand and near Oslofjord. On 10 April the unit made an attack on Scapa Flow to disrupt potential British Naval reinforcements to Scandinavia. Afterwards I. Gruppe concentrated on direct ground assault on Allied Armies in Narvik–Harstad. On 17 April, near Stavanger, was attacked. On 15 May I./KG 26 sank an unidentified transport vessel in Harstad Harbour. On 7 June 1940 made its last attack on Narvik harbour, which was aborted. II./KG 26 carried out anti-shipping operations between Britain and Norway, January – August 1940. During the campaign in Norway the Gruppe made several attacks on Allied Destroyers, Cruisers and transports without success. On 18 April 1940 was damaged slightly by II./KG 26. The unit undertook tactical strikes against Norwegian Army positions in the south of the country until 1 May 1940. After a ten-day rest, began strikes against British Naval forces. On 9 June it sank two transports and attacked HMS Ark Royal, west of . The Gruppe lost only four or five aircraft in Norwegian operations. Owing to operations over Norway, the unit did not participate in the early operations (June – August 1940). III. Gruppe began operations over Norway on 9 April and remained until the end of the campaign. It operated 33 He 111s, 26 serviceable machines in ground and maritime operations. Incomplete loss records show that KG 26 lost at least 40 aircraft (70% or greater damage) from April 9 to June 9, 1940. Battle of Britain Stab./KG 26 began operations with six He 111s, all operational. I./KG had 30 and 29. II./KG 26 began operations on 1 September 1940 with 27 He 111s and only seven operational. III./KG 26 had 26 He 111s, all operational early in the Battle. It participated in all operations until the Spring, 1941. It suffered heavy losses on 15 August 1940, when the Gruppe was intercepted out to sea when attempting to raid losing seven aircraft. In December 1940 it made use of the SC 2500 bomb on raids against London. Anti-shipping operations KG 26 participated in the , and operations on the , against the and the over the . I./KG 26 operated off the United Kingdom's east coast from bases near Aalborg in Denmark. On 27 April it sank the catapult ship off the mouth of the . By 15 June 1941 the Gruppe claimed one , one , 21 smaller ships and 436,186 BRT of . After the unit was engaged in operations over ground along the railway, the port of Murmansk and , and . 3. Staffel and 2. Staffel withdrew to Italy to train in torpedo attack methods in February 1942. In March–July 1942 the units intercepted , , , and . Against PQ 11 and 15 two ships were claimed sunk and one damaged. Against PQ 16 it claimed one sunk and two damaged. Intercepting PQ 17 two ships were claimed sunk and one damaged. Attacking PQ 18, the group carried out a massed torpedo attack known as the , developed as an anti-convoy measure. Several ships were claimed sunk, but for the loss of 12 He 111s and seven crews. The unit had to be rebuilt owing to losses and was placed under the command of on 20 September 1942. II./KG 26 relocated to Sicily in January 1941 as part of Fliegerkorps X. After arriving, it lost six He 111s to an enemy air raid on 8 January 1941. On the night of 17/18 January 1941 12 He 111s were sent to bomb the Suez Canal. The range proved too great and I. Gruppe lost seven machines to fuel starvation. In the following weeks unsuccessful attacks were made on British warships in the Mediterranean. On 31 January it sank the freighter Sollum and minesweeper Huntley. The unit also took part in missions over Malta, losing its first aircraft on 8 February 1941. During the Balkans Campaign the unit moved to Foggia in northern Italy and conducted raids against Yugoslavia as part of VIII. Fliegerkorps. 6. Staffel, II.Gruppe, KG 26 (6.II./KG 26) was rebased at Saki, in the Crimea and began operations over the Black Sea against the Soviet Navy. The unit claimed 20,000 BRT sunk in October–December 1941. III./KG 26 suffered a number of redesignations and was reformed four times. The first formation was ended on 20 February 1940, after being formed for the first time on 1 November 1939. I./KG 26 was renamed K.Gr. 26 on 20 February 1940. I./KG 26 was reformed on 20 February was a fresh formation for the second time. On 15 December 1941, the unit was renamed II./KG 100. That same day the third formation of III./KG 26 was made, with fresh personnel. In June 1942 the units was once again renamed, and its fourth formation was to continue until the disbanding of Kampfgeschwader 26 at the end of the war. III./KG 26 largely undertook Army support missions units 1942 when it operated various staffel as anti-shipping units in France and Norway. I./KG 26 left German occupied Norway in November 1942. The Gruppe was ordered to Grosseto to counter Operation Torch, the American landings in Morocco and Algeria on 8 November 1942. I./KG 26 attacked Allied shipping and lost 11 He 111s in November. On 22 December 1942, Ju 88s from III Gruppe, KG 26 torpedoed and damaged the British . Strikes were made all along the African coast. Allied air attacks cost the unit four aircraft on 8 February 1943 when the units base at Cagliari-Elmas, Sardinia was bombed. In July 1943 the unit also contested , the Allied invasion of Sicily. On 12 August the unit struck at Allied shipping in the western Mediterranean losing 10 machines for little result. On 8 September I./KG 26 attacked the Allied beaches at without success. In late August early September the unit moved to southern France at Salon-en-Provence. On 26 November 1943 the unit flew its last mission off North Africa. Until July 1944 I./KG 26 continued to fly anit-shipping missions off and western Italy. In July it relocated to Denmark to rearm with Junkers Ju 88A-4 aircraft. It formed a Einsatzstaffel which was ordered to pick up torpedoes from for operations in the . However while en route, the unit ran into s and lost nine aircraft. I./KG 26 did convert onto the Ju 88, but owing to fuel shortages the unit was merged into I. and III./ in early June. II./KG 26 operated in the Crimea and Mediterranean over the same period. In April – September 1942 it undertook missions over the area. Among the ships attacked and sunk, the most notable success was a Soviet , sunk on 6 July. A number of attacks were reported against Soviet s and s in August. The unit at this time was fragmented. 6 staffel (or 6.II./KG 26) operated under , in the Crimea, while 5 staffel (5.II./KG 26) fought under . In August 1942 6.II./KG 26 moved to Grosseto, Sicily. On 10 August 1942 it sank two freighters from the convoy Pedestal. 6 staffel continued operations off North Africa until May 1944. Other units, such as 4 staffel remained based in the Crimea and attacked Soviet shipping during the German evacuation of the Crimea. Both 4 and 6 staffeln relocated to Germany to retrain on the FuG 200 anti-shipping radar in April 1944. In June 1944 4, 5 and 6.II./KG 26 were located to France. These units were constantly moved, participating in attacks against the Allied landings in Southern France under . II./KG 26 also attacked Allied Shipping in the and off the at night after the Allied . In August 1944 II./KG 26 retreated into , Germany after the defeat in France. III./KG 26 operated in the Mediterranean, France and Norway during July 1942 – August 1944. Its most notable action was attacking Convoy PQ 18 in September 1942, whilst operating from Banak, Norway. III. Gruppe lost 8 He 111s on that mission. Missions continued against the Torch, Anzio and Normandy landings. By June 1944 III./KG 26 had suffered 50% losses and reduced missions to 3 or 4 per week of a few aircraft. In August 1944 it was withdrawn to Germany to rearm with the Ju 88A-3 in September – October 1944. In December the unit was relocated to , Norway. I./KG 26 was sent to Norway again after refitting in Denmark. It attacked several Allied convoys without result. On 10 January 1945 it was ordered to disband. Some pilots were sent to fighter units to retrain for duties. Other personnel were molded into Field Divisions in Denmark in February – March 1945. II./KG 26 relocated to Banak, Norway on 25 October 1944. It undertook anti-shipping missions against convoy JW/RA 64 south of Bear Island on 7–10 February 1945. It claimed 8 hits. The next day it claimed hits on 11 freighters, two Cruisers and two destroyers. The British however stated that no hits were made. On 23 February 1945 it flew its last combat mission sinking the Liberty ship . In May 1945 it began to rescue encircled German soldiers from the as the closed in. The Gruppe's last operation, on 9 May 1945, was approved by the . III./KG 26 also assisted in these operations. The two Gruppen surrender to Allied forces at Gardermoen and Trondheim, Norway on 9 May 1945. Commanding officers The following commanders commander the Geschwader: Hans Siburg (1 May 1939 – September 1939) (29 September 1939 – June 1940) Karl Freiherr von Wechmar (July 1940 – 19 November 1940) Oberst Robert Fuchs (November 1940 – acting)Oberstlt Benno Kosch (25 November 1940 – 11 February 1941)Oberst (December 1940 – June 1941)General-Major (15 December 1941 – 2 February 1942)Oberst Karl Stockmann (November 1942 – 31 January 1943)Oberstlt Werner Klümper (1 February 1943 – November 1944)Oberstlt Wilhelm Stemmler (November 1944 – January 1945)Oberstlt Georg Teske (February 1945 – 9 May 1945) References Bibliography Steenbeck, Alexander (2012): Die Spur des Löwen. Der Weg des Löwengeschwaders durch Europa. Lübeck . Bergstrom, Christer (2007). Barbarossa – The Air Battle: July–December 1941. London: Chevron/Ian Allan. . Bergström, Christer, (2007), Stalingrad – The Air Battle: 1942 through January 1943, Chevron Publishing Limited Bergström, Christer (2007). Kursk – The Air Battle: July 1943''. Chevron/Ian Allan. . Bergstrom, Christer. (2008). Bagration to Berlin – The Final Air Battles in the East: 1944 – 1945, Ian Allan. de Zeng, H.L; Stanket, D.G; Creek, E.J. Bomber Units of the Luftwaffe 1933–1945; A Reference Source, Volume 1. Ian Allan Publishing, 2007. Larson, Knut Nordic Aviation during WW2, Part 7, Bombers KG26.

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projected-20463769-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fierza%20Reservoir

Fierza Reservoir

Introduction

The Fierza Reservoir () is a in and . The and parts of the and also runs through the reservoir. The size of the lake is , of which 2.46 km2 belong to Kosovo. It is 70 km long and has a depth of 128 m. In the Albanian side of the lake there are many canyons and some small islands. The dam is 167m tall. In 2014, the lake was declared a Regional Nature Park by the Kukes County Council. The reservoir was formed as a result of the construction of the in 1978 by the Albanian government.

wit-train-topic-000283333

projected-23571012-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89mile%20Am%C3%A9lineau

Émile Amélineau

Introduction

Émile Amélineau (1850 – 12 January 1915 at ) was a French , and . His scholarly reputation was established as an editor of previously unpublished texts. But his reputation was destroyed by his work as a digger at Abydos, after re-excavated the site and showed how much destruction Amélineau had wrought.

wit-train-topic-004738709

projected-17325363-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torneo%20Rep%C3%BAblica

Torneo República

Introduction

The Torneo República (Republic Tournament) is a defunct official tournament from . The competition was held at the beginning of the year and its purpose was to integrate teams from the area with teams from other in order to give teams from all over the country a chance to qualify for international tournaments.

wit-train-topic-005264401

projected-23571013-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/452nd%20Operations%20Group

452nd Operations Group

Introduction

The 452d Operations Group (452 OG) is the flying component of the , assigned to the . The group is stationed at , California. During World War II, its predecessor unit, the 452d Bombardment Group (Heavy) was an unit in England, stationed at . and were both awarded the for their heroic actions. The present day 452d works to maintain a special relationship with the 452d Bomb Group Memorial Association to keep its heritage alive.

wit-train-topic-002236715

projected-23571013-004

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/452nd%20Operations%20Group

452nd Operations Group

World War II

The 452d Operations Group (452 OG) is the flying component of the , assigned to the . The group is stationed at , California. During World War II, its predecessor unit, the 452d Bombardment Group (Heavy) was an unit in England, stationed at . and were both awarded the for their heroic actions. The present day 452d works to maintain a special relationship with the 452d Bomb Group Memorial Association to keep its heritage alive.

The 452 Bombardment Group (Heavy) was established on 14 May 1943 and activated on 1 June 1943 at Geiger Field, Washington. The unit was transferred to Rapid City AAB, South Dakota on 15 June 1943 and trained there until early October 1943. It had been redesignated as 452 Bombardment Group, Heavy on 20 August 1943. The unit was moved to Pendleton Field Oregon on 11 October 1943 and to Walla Walla AAFd Washington on 4 November 1943. Ground unit left for Camp Shanks New York on 23 December 1943 and sailed on the Queen Elizabeth on 2 January 1944, and arrived in Clyde on 8 January 1944. The air echelon began overseas movement in early December 1943 via the southern ferry route. Most of the aircraft reached England a few days before the ground units arrived. The 452d was assigned to the , and the group tail code was a "Square-L". the 452d entered combat on 5 February with an attack against aircraft assembly plants at . Throughout combat, engaged primarily in bombardment of strategic targets, including marshalling yards at , aircraft assembly plants at , aircraft component works at , the ball-bearing industry at , a synthetic rubber plant at , and oil installations at . In addition to strategic missions, the 452d supported ground forces and carried out interdictory operations. Helped prepare for the by hitting airfields, V-weapon sites, bridges, and other objectives in France. The group struck coastal defenses on D-Day, 6 June 1944. Bombed enemy positions in support of the breakthrough at in July and the offensive against in August and September 1944. Later in September, assisted the . Hit enemy communications in and near the combat zone during the , December 1944 – January 1945. Bombed an airfield in support of the in March 1945. The group received a for action on 7 April 1945 when, despite vigorous fighter attacks and heavy flak, it accurately bombed a jet-fighter base at . The 452d Bomb Group flew its last combat mission of World War II [in Europe] on 21 April, striking marshalling yards at . The group flew a total of 250 missions from Deopham Green during the war, losing 110 of its bombers in the course of these operations. Indeed, the group suffered particularly heavy losses during the spring of 1944, at that time sustaining one of the highest rates of loss of any Fortress equipped unit in the Eighth Air Force. Redeployed to the US June/August 1945. The air echelon departed the United Kingdom late June 1945. Ground echelon sailed on the Queen Elizabeth from on 5 August 1945, and arrived in New York on 11 August 1945. The unit established at Sioux Falls AAFd, South Dakota where the Group was inactivated on 28 August 1945.

wit-train-topic-003694793

projected-23571013-005

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/452nd%20Operations%20Group

452nd Operations Group

Cold War

The 452d Operations Group (452 OG) is the flying component of the , assigned to the . The group is stationed at , California. During World War II, its predecessor unit, the 452d Bombardment Group (Heavy) was an unit in England, stationed at . and were both awarded the for their heroic actions. The present day 452d works to maintain a special relationship with the 452d Bomb Group Memorial Association to keep its heritage alive.

Redesignated 452 Bombardment Group, Very Heavy on 11 March 1947. Activated in the Reserve on 19 April 1947. Redesignated 452 Bombardment Group, Light on 27 June 1949. Trained as a bombardment group under supervision of the 2347th Air Force Reserve Training Center. Ordered to active duty effective 10 August 1950 for duty in the under the 5th Air Force. Moved to Japan, October–November 1950, and entered combat with light bombers against communist forces late in Oct, operating first from bases in Japan and later from . Flew armed reconnaissance, intruder, and interdiction missions, and provided support for ground troops. Bombed and strafed buildings, tunnels, rail lines, switching centers, bridges, vehicles, supply dumps, and airfields until May 1952 when its mission was taken over by the regular USAF (Light). The group received two s (Presidential Unit Citations)for its actions during the Korean War. Returned to the United States and placed back in reserve status. The unit was remanned and trained as a tactical reconnaissance group, (452 Tactical Reconnaissance Group) 1952–1955; as a tactical bombardment group (452 Bombardment Group, Tactical), 1955–1957; and as a troop carrier group, (452 Troop Carrier Group, Medium) 1957–1959.

wit-train-topic-003399469

projected-17325370-007

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbia%20Zijin%20Bor%20Copper

Serbia Zijin Bor Copper

2017–present

Serbia Zijin Bor Copper, formerly known as RTB Bor, is a copper mining and complex located in , .

In 2017, the Government of Serbia was obliged to find a strategic partner or buyer by March 2018, in a with the (IMF). The sale was later postponed until June 2018. Three companies - from , from and from - placed bids in a tender for a strategic partner. The Serbian government has chosen the Chinese Zijin Mining Group as its strategic partner for the copper mining and smelting complex, RTB Bor. On 31 August 2018, Chinese mining company took over 63% of shares of the company, in a $1.26 billion deal with the Government of Serbia. On 18 December 2018, Zijin Mining formally took over the company under new name "Zijin Bor Copper". Later, it was announced that suffix "Serbia" will be added. For 2018 calendar year, Zijin Bor Copper had net income of around 760 million euros, with most of it coming from debts conversion into shares.

wit-train-topic-003568395

projected-17325396-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff%20Bates%20%28technologist%29

Jeff Bates (technologist)

Biography

Jeff Bates, also known as hemos, is the co-founder of along with ("CmdrTaco").

Bates graduated from in 1994 and received a in History and Biology from in 1998. Malda and Bates created Slashdot in 1997, while undergraduates at Hope College. In 1999 they sold the site to , which was acquired by in 2000 (which became in 2007, then in 2009). Bates served as Director of Media Operations for Geeknet from May 2001 through July 2004, when he became Vice President of Editorial Operations and Executive Editor of Slashdot. In February 2008 he became Geeknet's Vice President of Platform and headed the core engineering and product teams for Slashdot, , and . In August 2011, Bates joined . He worked at Google as Chief of Staff for the CIO, and as of 2019, is the Chief of Product Operations.

wit-train-topic-002613126

projected-23571056-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narragansett%20language

Narragansett language

Introduction

Narragansett is an language formerly spoken in most of what is today by the . It was closely related to the other Algonquian languages of southern New England like and . The earliest study of the language in English was by , founder of the Rhode Island colony, in his book (1643).

wit-train-topic-002906543

projected-23571056-002

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narragansett%20language

Narragansett language

History

Narragansett is an language formerly spoken in most of what is today by the . It was closely related to the other Algonquian languages of southern New England like and . The earliest study of the language in English was by , founder of the Rhode Island colony, in his book (1643).

Traditionally the tribe spoke the Narragansett language, a member of the . The language became almost entirely extinct during the centuries of in New England through . The tribe has begun language revival efforts, based on early-20th-century books and manuscripts, and new teaching programs. The Narragansett spoke a "Y-dialect", similar enough to the "N-dialects" of the and to be mutually intelligible. Other Y-dialects include the and languages spoken historically by tribes on Long Island and in Connecticut, respectively. In the 17th century, , a co-founder of Rhode Island, learned the tribe's language. He documented it in his 1643 work, . Williams gave the tribe's name as Nanhigganeuck. has absorbed a number of loan words from Narragansett and other closely related languages, such as Wampanoag and Massachusett. Such words include , , , , , and .

wit-train-topic-002874192

projected-17325502-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capetus%20%28amphibian%29

Capetus (amphibian)

References

Capetus is an extinct of from the of the . It reached a length of 150 cm.

Sequeira, S. E. K. & Milner, A. R. 1993. The temnospondyl amphibian Capetus from the Upper Carboniferous of the Czech Republic. Palaeontology 36, 657–680. Steyer, J. S., Damiani, R., , O'Keefe, R., Larsson, H. C. E., Maga, A. & Ide, O. 2006. The vertebrate fauna of the Upper Permian of Niger. IV. Nigerpeton ricqlesi (Temnospondyli: Cochleosauridae), and the edopoid colonization of Gondwana. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26, 18–28.

wit-train-topic-001065776

projected-23571082-002

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/I%20Corps%20%28Belgium%29

I Corps (Belgium)

Post-war service

The 1st Corps of the Belgian Army (), also known as 1 BE Corps, was a active during , , and the .

During the Cold War, it served initially as an and then as part of 's (NORTHAG). The corps headquarters was initially established at Yser Caserne, , on 15 October 1946. Lieutenant General took command in November 1946. Corps headquarters moved to Haelen Caserne, Junkersdorf, , in 1948. During Exercise Battle Royal in September 1954, the Corps consisted of 1 (BE) Infantry Division and 16 (BE) Armoured Division with and 46 Parachute Brigade () under command. The corps' 14th and 20th artillery battalions were supported by the 4th U.S. Army Field Artillery Detachment. The detachment was co-located with the Belgian battalions, in quarters across the street from the Belgian Houthulst Kaserne, on Langenwiedenweg Strasse, , . In 1960 the 1st and 16th divisions were transformed into mechanised divisions of the "Landcent" type. That year, 1st Division at consisted of (Siegen), (Spich), and 18th Armoured Brigade (Euskirchen), and 16th Armoured Division consisted of 17th Armoured Brigade (Duren), 16th Infantry Brigade (Ludenscheid) and 4th Infantry Brigade (Soest). In 1966 the Belgian Army's active force was mechanised, and the force was reduced to two active-duty two-brigade divisions (in 1985, the 16th in Germany with the 4th Mechanised Brigade at , and the 17th Armoured Brigade at , and the 1st in Belgium with the 1st Mechanised Brigade at Bourg Leopold and the 7th Mechanised Brigade at , in the region.) In 1985 there were also two reserve brigades, the 10th Mechanised and 12th Motorised. In 1995, the corps merged with the 1st Mechanised Division and Paracommando Brigade to become the "Intervention Force". The corps' HQ was relocated from Germany back into Belgium in 1996.

wit-train-topic-002202199

projected-23571098-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepys%20Street

Pepys Street

Introduction

Pepys Street is a street in the , linking Seething Lane in the west to Cooper's Row in the east. crosses the street. When the Building was erected in 1923, Colchester Street was extended to Seething Lane and renamed after the diarist , who lived there during the . The modern Pepys Street is home to hotels and offices. The nearest station is and the nearest station is . The mainline railway terminus is also close by.

wit-train-topic-001414957

projected-23571216-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forty%20Martyrs%20Cathedral

Forty Martyrs Cathedral

Introduction

The Forty Martyrs Armenian Cathedral () of , , is a 15th-century Armenian Apostolic church located in the old Christian quarter of . It is significant among the Armenian churches for being one of the oldest active churches in the and the city of Aleppo. It is a three-nave basilica church with no dome. Its bell tower of 1912, is considered to be one of the unique samples of the in Aleppo.

wit-train-topic-002044493

projected-23571216-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forty%20Martyrs%20Cathedral

Forty Martyrs Cathedral

Armenians in Aleppo

The Forty Martyrs Armenian Cathedral () of , , is a 15th-century Armenian Apostolic church located in the old Christian quarter of . It is significant among the Armenian churches for being one of the oldest active churches in the and the city of Aleppo. It is a three-nave basilica church with no dome. Its bell tower of 1912, is considered to be one of the unique samples of the in Aleppo.

The first significant Armenian presence in the city of Aleppo dates to the 1st century BC, when under subjugated Syria, and chose as one of the four capitals of the short lived Armenian Empire. After 301 AD, when became the official state religion of Armenia and its population, Aleppo became an important center for Armenian pilgrims on their way to . Yet, the Armenians did not form into an organized community in Aleppo until the Armenian presence grew noticeably during the 11th century at the times of the , when a considerable number of Armenian families and merchants settled in the city creating their own businesses and residences. With the foundation of Armenian schools, churches and later on the prelacy, Armenians presented themselves as a well-organized community during the 14th century. The Armenian population of Aleppo continued to grow as Aleppo was swallowed into the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire had a large indigenous Armenian population in its Eastern Anatolia region, from where some Armenians moved to Aleppo in search of economic opportunity. The Armenian presence in Aleppo grew exponentially after 1915, when it became an immediate haven for refugees of survivors of the . Tens of thousands of Armenian refugees, likely well over 100,000, settled in Aleppo during this period. By some estimates, Armenians accounted for a quarter of Aleppo's population by the middle of the twentieth century, by which time they had become a respected, upwardly mobile community. Later, as a result of political upheaval in Syria, Armenians began to emigrate to Lebanon and later to Europe, the Americas and Australia, especially in the 1970s and 1980s. Nonetheless, Aleppo remained a center of the worldwide , ranging between 50,000 and 70,000 Armenians residents. Tens of thousands of Armenians left during the civil war, and it remains to be seen what will remain of the community when stability returns.

wit-train-topic-003939597

projected-23571216-002

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forty%20Martyrs%20Cathedral

Forty Martyrs Cathedral

History

The Forty Martyrs Armenian Cathedral () of , , is a 15th-century Armenian Apostolic church located in the old Christian quarter of . It is significant among the Armenian churches for being one of the oldest active churches in the and the city of Aleppo. It is a three-nave basilica church with no dome. Its bell tower of 1912, is considered to be one of the unique samples of the in Aleppo.

The Armenian church of the Forty Martyrs in Aleppo was mentioned 1476, in the second edition of the book The Exploit of the Holy Bible, written by Father Melikseth in Aleppo. However, the current building of the church was built and completed in 1491 to replace a small chapel in the old Christian cemetery of the Jdeydeh quarter. The church was named in honour of a group of Roman soldiers who faced martyrdom near the city of in , and were all venerated in Christianity as the . At the beginning, the church was of a small size with a capacity of only 100 seats. In 1499-1500, the church went under large-scale renovations. Within 2 years, it was enlarged and a new prelacy building of the was built in the church yard, funded through the donation of an Armenian elite named Reyis Baron Yesayi. During the following years, Forty Martyrs Cathedral frequently became a temporary seat of many Armenian catholicoi of the . Until 1579, the cathedral was surrounded with the tombstones of the Armenian cemetery, when the cemetery was moved and only clergymen and the elites of the community were allowed to be buried in the church yard. The Forty Martyrs Cathedral was renovated again in 1616 by the donation of the community leader emir Khoja Bedig Chelebi and the supervision of his brother Khoja Sanos Chelebi. By the end of the same year, the church was reopened with the presence of Catholicos Hovhannes IV of Aintab (Hovhannes 4th Aintabtsi) and Bishop Kachatur Karkaretsi. In 1624, as a result of the growing number of Armenian residents and pilgrims, the Armenian prelacy started to build a quarter near the church, which is still known with its original name "Hokedoun" (Spiritual House). It was designated to serve as a rest-house with 23 large rooms for the Armenian pilgrims on their way to . The Hokedoun was built by the donation of Khoja Gharibjan. The explorer who visited Aleppo in 1625, has described the church as one of the four churches that were built adjacent to each other in one yard with one gate, in the newly created Jdeydeh Christian quarter. The other three churches are the Greek Orthodox , the Holy Mother of God Armenian Church (the current Zarehian Treasury) and the old Maronite Church of . Currently, the cathedral has 3 s, an upper story built in 1874 and a placed in 1888. The church never had a belfry until 1912, when a bell tower was erected by the donation of the Syrian-Armenian philanthropist Rizkallah Tahhan from . During the 2nd half of the 20th century, the interior of the church underwent massive renovations to meet with the requirements of traditional Armenian churches. On 28 May 1991, by the donation of Keledjian brothers from Aleppo, a -memorial was placed in the churchyard commemorating the victims of the . On 26 April 2000, the Armenian community of Aleppo marked the 500th anniversary of the first enlargement of the church under the patronage of Catholicos , during the period of Archbishop Souren Kataroyan.

wit-train-topic-003056095

projected-23571216-003

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forty%20Martyrs%20Cathedral

Forty Martyrs Cathedral

Icons

The Forty Martyrs Armenian Cathedral () of , , is a 15th-century Armenian Apostolic church located in the old Christian quarter of . It is significant among the Armenian churches for being one of the oldest active churches in the and the city of Aleppo. It is a three-nave basilica church with no dome. Its bell tower of 1912, is considered to be one of the unique samples of the in Aleppo.

The church is rich for both ancient and modern-day icons, with more than 30 samples: The Mother of God (canvas, 96x118, 1663 by Der-Megerdich) Virgin Mary with Jesus (canvas, 115x145cm, 1669 by an unknown Armenian painter) The Baptism of Jesus (canvas, 66x90cm, from the 17th century) The Worship of the Magi (canvas, 112x134cm, from the 17th century by an unknown Armenian painter) Saint John The Baptist (wood paint, 39x76cm, 1720 by Kevork Anania) Saint Joseph (wood paint, 39x76cm, 1720 by Kevork Anania) Virgin Mary with Jesus (wood paint, 46x126cm, 1729 by Kevork Anania) The Baptism of Jesus Christ (wood paint, 86x105cm, 1756 by Kevork Anania) Virgin Mary surrounded by The Apostles (canvas, 70X80cm, from the late 18th century by an unknown Armenian painter) The Last Judgement, one of the most famous icons of the (canvas, 400x600cm, 1703 by Nehmatallah Hovsep) With the initiative of Archbishop Souren Kataroyan, the majority of the icons were renovated between 1993 and 1996 by the n expert Andranik Antonyan.

wit-train-topic-002922537

projected-23571216-004

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forty%20Martyrs%20Cathedral

Forty Martyrs Cathedral

Church of the Holy Mother of God

The Forty Martyrs Armenian Cathedral () of , , is a 15th-century Armenian Apostolic church located in the old Christian quarter of . It is significant among the Armenian churches for being one of the oldest active churches in the and the city of Aleppo. It is a three-nave basilica church with no dome. Its bell tower of 1912, is considered to be one of the unique samples of the in Aleppo.

The old church of the Holy Mother of God was built prior to 1429, at a time when the Armenian community was formed as a significant community in Aleppo with its own clergymen, scholars and the prelacy. This small church has witnessed several renovations, in 1535, 1784, 1849 and 1955 respectively. The church remained active until the beginnings of the 20th century, when it was turned into a library. In 1991, the building was turned into museum and renamed Zarehian Treasury of the of Aleppo, in memory of Catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia, who had served as archbishop of the diocese of Aleppo before being elected as catholicos.

wit-train-topic-005159399

projected-23571264-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haydar%20Zorlu

Haydar Zorlu

Introduction

Haydar Zorlu (born 4 May 1967 in ) is a .

wit-train-topic-001718946

projected-23571309-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert%20Keayne

Robert Keayne

Introduction

Robert Keayne (1595 – March 23, 1656) was a prominent public figure in 17th-century , . He co-founded the and served as speaker of the House of the . Keayne was a prosperous London merchant who joined his fellow Puritans in Boston where he built a fortune. He was accused of unfair business practices, and brought before the legislature, the Massachusetts General Court. It found Keayne guilty, fined him, and compelled him to confess his "sins." He proclaimed his innocence, and justified his actions in elaborate detail in his will. It bequeathed £2500 to Boston, to upgrade the infrastructure with an aqueduct, relieve the city's poor, and fund the , a grand public meeting place. He attached a condition to the effect that the bequest would become void if there were any legal actions against his estate; there were none.

wit-train-topic-002441886

projected-23571375-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan%20Winton

Alan Winton

Introduction

Alan Peter Winton (born 4 September 1958) is the in the .

wit-train-topic-001155031

projected-20463874-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2000%20United%20States%20elections

2000 United States elections

Introduction

The 2000 United States elections were held on November 7, 2000. Governor of Texas defeated Vice President of Tennessee in the presidential election. Republicans retained control of both houses of , giving the party unified control of Congress and the presidency for the first time since the . With Democratic President term-limited, Gore won his party's nomination by defeating Senator in the . Bush defeated Senator in the to win his party's presidential nomination. Bush took 271 of the 538 , winning the decisive state of Florida by a margin of 537 votes after a was halted by the in the case of . Bush was the first winning presidential candidate to since the . This marked the first time since 1988 that the president's party lost seats in both Houses. Democrats picked up a net of four seats in the , tying Republicans, however provided the tie-breaking vote as . Republicans maintained control of the chamber until June 6, 2001, when Senator Jim Jeffords left the Republican Party and began caucusing with the Democrats. Democrats also picked up a net of one seat in the House, but Republicans retained an overall narrow majority. In the gubernatorial elections, Democrats won a net gain of one seat.

wit-train-topic-003709834

projected-23571378-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Members%20of%20the%20Victorian%20Legislative%20Assembly%2C%201856%E2%80%931859

Members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly, 1856–1859

Introduction

This is a list of members of the from the elections of 23 September – 24 October 1856 to those of 26 August – 26 September 1859. The Assembly was created in 1856. Note the "Term in Office" refers to that members term(s) in the Assembly, not necessarily for that electorate.

wit-train-topic-003200448

projected-20463917-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Gonz%C3%A1lez%20Camarena

Jorge González Camarena

Introduction

Jorge González Camarena (24 March 1908 – 24 May 1980) was a Mexican . He is best known for his mural work, as part of the movement, although his work is distinct from the main names associated with it (, and ). His major works include the mural on the main administration building of the and a mural created for the in . He also created easel works, one of which, La Patria, was well known in Mexico as it was used on the cover of free textbooks from the 1960s into the 1970s. Recognitions for his work include the , membership in the and the , grade Commendatore from the Italian government.

wit-train-topic-000277445

projected-20463917-002

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Gonz%C3%A1lez%20Camarena

Jorge González Camarena

Career

Jorge González Camarena (24 March 1908 – 24 May 1980) was a Mexican . He is best known for his mural work, as part of the movement, although his work is distinct from the main names associated with it (, and ). His major works include the mural on the main administration building of the and a mural created for the in . He also created easel works, one of which, La Patria, was well known in Mexico as it was used on the cover of free textbooks from the 1960s into the 1970s. Recognitions for his work include the , membership in the and the , grade Commendatore from the Italian government.

González Camarena began his career working as an assistant to Dr. Atl, coloring the images of church in the book Las iglesias de México. Dr. Atl became one of González Camarena's mentors until his death. After he finished with school, González Camarena first became noted for his work in publicity. In 1929, at age 21, he worked writing and drawing for publications such as Revista de Revistas and Nuestro México. He also worked into the 1930s creating images for calendar for the Editorial Casa Galas, along with calendars for . In 1933, painter , then director of the Dirección de Monumentos Coloniales, commissioned him to restore the 16th-century frescos on the walls of the former monastery of , . The project took two years and the project made him sensitive to the area's indigenous people and Mesoamerican art. He used some of the money he earned from the project to research indigenous painters, especially Marcos Cipactli, identifying him not only as one of the contributors to the original Huejotzingo work but also as the painter of the original image of the . The latter assertion caused him some controversy. He also did a study on the presence of demon and devil images in Mexican art and folklore. González Camarena began creating mural works in 1939, with twenty six of the works still remaining. The first was created in the town of , at the Hotel Fundación called Alegoría de Zimapán. At the time, the town was a crossroads for traffic between and , but a new highway changed that later. The hotel was abandoned but the mural remains in good condition. His second mural was a pair of oil an wax panels on stone for the Guardiola Building in 1941 called La vida, la mujer y el hombre (Live, woman and man), commissioned by friend and colleague . The work was controversial because the images of the man and woman were nudes, considered immoral by the bankers that sponsored the work. As a response, González Camarena founded the first Mexican Nudist Society to promote the use of nudes in artwork. The work remained on the building until 1957, when the earthquake of that year caused damage to the piece, and instead of being rescued, it was demolished. In response, muralists from Mexico and other countries founded the Commission of Mural Painting of to protect murals and other art under censorship threat. INBA also proposed that González Camarena replace the work with a mural at the Palacio de Bellas Artes. This resulted in a mural called Liberación de la humanidad, finished in 1963. Other of González Camarena's early murals include Águila en Vuelo for the Banco de México building in Veracruz and the La Purísma Church. In 1950 and 1951 he created murals and sculptures for the Instituto Mexicano de Seguro Social building on in Mexico City. The mural is done in vinylite, and is accompanied by two groups of sculptures called El Trabajo and Maternidad. He worked on this project with architect Obregón Santacila, with whom he also founded a movement called Artistic Integration, with the aim of strengthening ties between builders and artists on architectural projects. In 1954, the founder of the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Studies, , commissioned González Camarena to create a mural for what is now the main administration building for the university system. The project consisted of applying Italian mosaic on a relief. This project had him spent much time in Monterrey, and become involved in the artist community there, leading to the creation of the Arte, A.C. cultural group. This mural remains today as a symbol of the institution, even reproduced on class rings. In 1959 Emilio Azcárraga Vidaurreta commissioned him to decorate the facade of Televicentro, today , resulting in a 900m² mural called Frisos de la television. This outside wall was later damaged, requiring the building to be remodeled. In 1965, he was commissioned by the Mexican government to create a mural for the city of , even though the project was threatened by a boycott by artists affiliated with the . The resulting mural was a gift to the people of that region in southern Chile who had suffered a . The resulting work was 300m² on a wall of the Casa de la Cultura José Clemente Orozco at the Universidad de Concepción. For the university's 75th anniversary, the image was reproduced on a Chilean stamp and in 1996, it was named the most beautiful mural in the world at an event in . The work was damaged during another earthquake, this time in 2010, but restored in 2012 in a joint Mexican-Chilean effort. Other notable murals during González Camarena's career include La erupción de (an oil/wax work) at the site. Monumento a la Independencia in Dolores Hidalgo, Belisario Dominguez at the and Las Razas at the , which was used on a Mexican stamp in 1992 to commemorate the 500th anniversary of Columbus's arrival to the Americas. His last mural was created in 1978, two years before his death and called Trilogía de Saltillo, in the municipal building of , . While best known for his mural work, González Camarena also produced over 2,000 easel work and some sculpture. His best known work of this type is La Patria, an image of a woman with national symbols to represent the country of Mexico. It is well known because from the 1960s into the 1970s, this image was used on the cover of free textbooks produced by the . These include over 350 titles totaling over 523 million copies. The image has reappeared sporadically on books produced by the government entity since. At the end of the 1970s, the Mexican government commissioned him to create a painting for the Bulgarian people of . He was invited to Bulgaria to unveil the painting. In appreciation, the Bulgarian government sponsored a European tour of Gonzalez Camarena's work which ended up in the in New York. Most of his easel work is in the hands of private collectors in both Mexico and abroad. These include the Museo Soumaya, the collection of the Carso Foundation, the collection of and the estate of . Some are in the . Very little of the artist's work are in the family as the rest were sold. By the 1940s, González Camarena's work began to draw serious attention from art critics and win awards. In 1966 the Palacio de Bellas Artes organized and anthological exhibition in his honor. In 1967, he received the Order of Merit, grade Commendatore from the Italian government for a portrait of Michelangelo he created for the Italian artist's house in Caprese. He received the Premio Nacional de Artes in 1970 and in 1972 was accepted as a member of the Academia de Artes. He was also a member of the Asociación Mexicana de Artes Plásticas and the . For the 2008 100th anniversary of his birth, institutions such as the Museo Soumaya, the , the Mexican Senate and the held exhibitions and homage to his work and life.

wit-train-topic-000249111

projected-20463917-003

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge%20Gonz%C3%A1lez%20Camarena

Jorge González Camarena

Artistry

Jorge González Camarena (24 March 1908 – 24 May 1980) was a Mexican . He is best known for his mural work, as part of the movement, although his work is distinct from the main names associated with it (, and ). His major works include the mural on the main administration building of the and a mural created for the in . He also created easel works, one of which, La Patria, was well known in Mexico as it was used on the cover of free textbooks from the 1960s into the 1970s. Recognitions for his work include the , membership in the and the , grade Commendatore from the Italian government.

González Camarena was a major figure in the Mexican muralism movement. His work was distinguished early through his use of clear lines and texture. He worked with various styles, textures and techniques, ranging from Surrealism to Cubism to Magical Realism, and most of his paintings contains social and mystical motifs. As a painter, he is best known for his depictions of people, especially portraits of women. In the last year of his life, he painted a work called Las razas. This work contains images of four women, Asian, African, European and Native American. In the med 1930s, he developed his own personal method of composition which he called “cuadratismo” or “harmonic geometry.” It was developed from this work with the Huejotzingo restoration project, drawing from Mesoamerican and early colonial mural painting. From then on, it was the main guide for the compositions of his work. Mauricio Gómez Mayorga stated that “His faith in geometry and form, that is, in space and matter, make him a constructor, a builder of plane and mass.” Although part of the Mexican muralist movement, his work is distinct from the three main names associated with it (Rivera, Orozco and Siqueiros). His pre-1949 work was different from that of others in the Mexican muralism movement as they did not deal with topics related to the Mexican Revolution the rescue of Mexico's past or the struggle for social equality. Although Diego Rivera called him “the most Mexican of all,” José Clemente Orozco did not like his preference for archeology and Mexico's past, feeling that Gonzalez Camarena squandered his talent by not expressing what he felt. However, González Camarena began to conform to more of the movement's social and political themes starting in 1949, when he painted the work La vida y la industria for the brewery in Mexico City. Here did incorporate elements common to Mexican muralism by representing the preparation of beer in a Mesoamerican scene. In the interpretation of Mexican history, Gonzalez Camarena believed that neither the country's indigenous or Spanish cultural background should be denigrated in favor of the other. He also believed that the should be honored by working towards social justice. In the work Cristo en la Cruz, the face of Christ has indigenous characteristics. He gave his depictions of Mesoamerican deities mythological qualities similar to the treatment of ancient Greek gods. The Monterrey Institute mural represents the triumph of civilization and culture over the forces of stagnation, apathy and darkness, with the first represented by and the latter by . He also created portraits and self-portraits. Notable examples of these include those of his sister Susana, Francisco Díaz de León, and . In his self-portraits, his eyeglasses generally dominate the composition.

wit-train-topic-001362421

projected-23571400-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%ADrkvice%20%28Kol%C3%ADn%20District%29

Církvice (Kolín District)

Introduction

Církvice is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 200 inhabitants.

wit-train-topic-003241440

projected-23571402-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doln%C3%AD%20Chvatliny

Dolní Chvatliny

Introduction

Dolní Chvatliny is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 500 inhabitants. Dolní Chvatliny is located southwest of and east of .

wit-train-topic-003632284

projected-20463938-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaudesert%20railway%20line

Beaudesert railway line

Introduction

The Beaudesert railway line (also known as the Upper Logan railway line) is a disused in , . The first section opened in 1885, the line was completed in 1888 and operated as a (QGR) line until 1996 (Passenger service ceased in 1961). A heritage operation was undertaken for a short period in 2003. The connected at between 1915 and 1955, and the connected with the terminal between 1903 and 1944. A study was undertaken in 2010 by the Queensland government concerning a potential Salisbury-to-Beaudesert rail corridor as a long-term potential proposal.

wit-train-topic-003223575

projected-20464002-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bardowiek

Bardowiek

History

Bardowiek () is an in , . It lies in the territory of the municipality .

The earliest surviving record of Bardowiek is in the er Hufenregister and dates from 1292. The town was virtually destroyed during the , but was rebuilt after the war’s end in 1648. During the early years of the there were still approximately forty residents. However, Bardowiek found itself in the five kilometre wide closed zone, a strip of land cleared by the government directly to the east of the . In 1960, all the farmsteads were incorporated into the of . Destruction of the former farms began in 1977 and was completed only in 1989. After the , surviving former residents sought to rebuild the village. However, their aspirations have been thwarted by a succession of legal disputes.

wit-train-topic-003163507

projected-23571417-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kbel%20%28Kol%C3%ADn%20District%29

Kbel (Kolín District)

Introduction

Kbel is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 200 inhabitants.

wit-train-topic-002303513

projected-20464080-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Republic%20of%20the%20Congo%20presidential%20election

2009 Republic of the Congo presidential election

Introduction

Presidential elections were held in the on 12 July 2009. Long-time President won another seven-year term with a large majority of the vote, but the elections were marred by accusations of irregularities and fraud from the opposition; six opposition candidates chose to boycott the elections.

wit-train-topic-002332569

projected-20464091-007

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS%20Discovery%20%281874%29

HMS Discovery (1874)

Legacy

HMS Discovery was a wood-hulled screw expedition ship, and later storeship, formerly the ship Bloodhound built in 1873 in Dundee. She was purchased in 1874 for the of 1875–1876 and later served as a store ship. Discovery was sold in 1902, reverting to the name Bloodhound and her previous sealing trade. The ship was wrecked in Newfoundland in 1917.

[[File:RRS Discovery.jpg|thumb|right|Discovery'''s namesake, open to the public in Dundee.]] The 1901 research vessel, built for the (1901–1904), incorporated many of the features of Discovery, as well as taking her name. was commanded by and took part in the from 1924 to 1931. She is now on permanent display at . Subsequent s, launched in and , have also borne the name, as has . Bibliography Narrative of a voyage to the Polar Sea during 1875–76 in H.M. ships ‘Alert’ and ‘Discovery’'', by Captain George Strong Nares, in two volumes, London 1878; online book Volume 1 & Volume 2

wit-train-topic-002318119

projected-23571420-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klu%C4%8Dov%20%28Kol%C3%ADn%20District%29

Klučov (Kolín District)

Introduction

Klučov is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 1,100 inhabitants.

wit-train-topic-005164618

projected-23571430-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krakovany%20%28Kol%C3%ADn%20District%29

Krakovany (Kolín District)

Introduction

Krakovany is a municipality and village in in the of the . It has about 900 inhabitants.

wit-train-topic-004495553

projected-20464136-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/April%202009%20Moldovan%20parliamentary%20election

April 2009 Moldovan parliamentary election

Introduction

Parliamentary elections were held in on 5 April 2009. The (PCRM) won a majority of seats (60 out of 101) for the third consecutive occasion. Turnout was 59%, exceeding the 50% necessary for the election to be valid. Following the elections, Parliament was required to elect a new as the incumbent had to stand down after completing two terms. Presidential elections required the winning candidate to receive at least 61 votes, but the opposition parties refused to vote for the three PCRM-nominated candidates in of voting between May and June 2009, meaning no president was elected. As a result, were held in July.

wit-train-topic-000426410

projected-23571440-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christophe%20Veyrier

Christophe Veyrier

Introduction

Christophe Veyrier (25 June 1637 – 10 June 1689) was a sculptor, the nephew and follower of . Veyrier was born in , , France. He arrived in in 1663 and stayed for a number of years, before moving to Rome to live from 1668-70. In 1674 he married the daughter of the sister of Puget's wife. He worked in , then settled in , where he lived until his death in 1689. In one of his most important commissions, he created religious statues for the Chapel of Corpus Domini in . He also worked at . Statues of ancient and mythological subjects are attributed to him, including the white marble relief of the family of displayed at in England. The most recent studies attribute to him the statue of the Immaculate Conception in (according to older literature the statue was formerly attributed to Puget himself). His sculptures are held by the , Toulon; the , Aix-en-Provence; the , Paris; the , London; and the , New York.

wit-train-topic-001577207

projected-23571476-002

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred%20County%20Railway

Alfred County Railway

Original operations

Alfred County Railway is an abandoned railway in , which runs from the southern transport hub of on the , via Izotsha and Paddock for to .

Designed as part of the Natal Government Railways' (NGR) project to transport and s grown in the agricultural Harding district to Port Shepstone, the NGR commissioned based to build seven tank locomotives, based on the 1907 . The route of the Alfred County Railway had some curves of , but with gradients of up to 3 in 100 / 3% ( of 1 in 37 / 2.7% for after leaving the coast), the NG4s and their replacements were often double-headed to haul the diverse freight traffic of , and s to Port Shepstone. The line's management decided against purchasing more powerful articulated locomotives, because their longer wheelbase would make access to the sugar cane fields more difficult. From the mid-1970s, steam was replaced by diesel-electric locomotives on the 's longer routes, which were more powerful. Also, being shorter in chassis length, these diesel-electric locomotives were able to access the growers' farms. Therefore, the SAR decided to transfer the and s to the Alfred County Railway in . Due to underinvestment, the Alfred County Railway became increasingly unreliable, and was closed to operations by the SAR in 1986.

wit-train-topic-003520247

projected-23571476-004

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred%20County%20Railway

Alfred County Railway

Class NG G16A

Alfred County Railway is an abandoned railway in , which runs from the southern transport hub of on the , via Izotsha and Paddock for to .

As part of their development to keep the railway competitive, the PSACR upgraded two of their existing locomotives. The engineers incorporated developments proposed by , including GPCS, Lempor exhaust, an improved spark arrestor, lightweight multi-ring articulated piston valves, improved valve events and improved mechanical lubrication. Two locomotives were modified: No. 141 in 1989 and No. 155 in 1990, and reclassified to . In comparative testing No. 141 gave a fuel saving of 25% compared to a standard SAR Class NG G16 Garratt, and was easily maintained in regular service.

wit-train-topic-004827716

projected-23571480-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommy%20Ryan%20%28Australian%20footballer%29

Tommy Ryan (Australian footballer)

Introduction

Jeremiah "Tommy" Ryan (12 August 1873 – 29 August 1948) was an er who played for the and in the (VFL). Ryan, a rover and forward, came to Melbourne from Richmond City. He had spent 1893, 1895 and 1896 playing in the (VFA) for both and . On his VFL debut, Ryan kicked five goals as Melbourne defeated St Kilda by 93 points at the MCG. He was the club's leading goal-kicker in their premiership year of 1900 with 24 goals, one of those in the which he played from a .

wit-train-topic-002023755

projected-20464182-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vlada%20Vukoi%C4%8Di%C4%87

Vlada Vukoičić

Introduction

Vladimir "Vlada" Vukoičić (; born June 2, 1973) is a Serbian coach for the of the .

wit-train-topic-004634166

projected-23571516-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swinton%2C%20Scottish%20Borders

Swinton, Scottish Borders

Introduction

Swinton is a small village in the . It is in the former county of , around southeast of , and northwest of the .

wit-train-topic-004667477

projected-17325657-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Officinalis

Officinalis

Introduction

Officinalis, or officinale, is a denoting s—mainly plants—with uses in medicine, and cookery. It commonly occurs as a , the second term of a two-part botanical name. Officinalis is used to modify masculine and feminine nouns, while officinale is used for neuter nouns.

wit-train-topic-005246046

projected-17325777-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20ambassadors%20of%20the%20United%20States%20to%20Croatia

List of ambassadors of the United States to Croatia

Introduction

The diplomatic post of United States Ambassador to Croatia was created on April 7, 1992, following Croatia's independence from and its recognition as an independent state by the United States, although official presence of the US in Croatia began with the establishment of the US Consulate in on May 9, 1946.

wit-train-topic-000182804

projected-23571523-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20City%20of%20Toronto%20inside%20and%20outside%20workers%20strike

2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike

Introduction

The 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike (also known as the 2009 Toronto strike) was a that was undertaken by the Toronto Civic Employees Union Local 416 and CUPE Local 79, two locals of the in the city of . It involved approximately 24,000 city employees.

wit-train-topic-004699401

projected-23571523-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20City%20of%20Toronto%20inside%20and%20outside%20workers%20strike

2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike

Background

The 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike (also known as the 2009 Toronto strike) was a that was undertaken by the Toronto Civic Employees Union Local 416 and CUPE Local 79, two locals of the in the city of . It involved approximately 24,000 city employees.

On June 22 at midnight Toronto municipal workers belonging to 2 separate unions (CUPE Local 416 - representing the outside workers, and CUPE Local 79 - representing the inside workers) went on strike following six months negotiating with the municipality over contract renewal.

wit-train-topic-000616999

projected-23571523-003

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20City%20of%20Toronto%20inside%20and%20outside%20workers%20strike

2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike

Services affected

The 2009 City of Toronto inside and outside workers strike (also known as the 2009 Toronto strike) was a that was undertaken by the Toronto Civic Employees Union Local 416 and CUPE Local 79, two locals of the in the city of . It involved approximately 24,000 city employees.

Union members from Local 416 and Local 79 work in various departments within the city and the work stoppage affected many of their services, including: Garbage Collection - from single detached dwellings, low-rise residential dwellings and some small commercial businesses. (exception: former city of which contracted out services before amalgamation). Parks and Recreation - including city run pools and recreation facilities, grass cutting in parks and summer programmes. halted for visitors and residents. City run daycare facilities. Municipal Licensing - including building permits, signage permits, taxi cab licenses and burlesque licenses. Marriage licenses were not affected. Public Health - including regular health inspections of restaurants, public pools, city beaches, city run health clinics and dental offices. - Ambulance service running at 75% capacity with priority calls unaffected. Water Supply/Water Treatment Animal Services

wit-train-topic-001158949

projected-17325798-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aikawa%2C%20Niigata

Aikawa, Niigata

Introduction

was a located in , , . On March 1, 2004, Aikawa and the other 9 municipalities in the island were merged to create the city of . Since then, Aikawa has been one of the 10 subdivisions of Sado City.

wit-train-topic-002914643

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aikawa%2C%20Niigata

Aikawa, Niigata

Local attractions

was a located in , , . On March 1, 2004, Aikawa and the other 9 municipalities in the island were merged to create the city of . Since then, Aikawa has been one of the 10 subdivisions of Sado City.

Aikawa Gold and Silver Mine () () Aikawa Folk Museum sho Senkakuwan Bay ()

wit-train-topic-001330676

projected-17325810-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sawata%2C%20Niigata

Sawata, Niigata

Introduction

was a located in , , . On March 1, 2004, Sawata and the other 9 municipalities in the island were merged to create the city of . Since then, Sawata has been one of the 10 subdivisions of Sado City.

wit-train-topic-000862118

projected-17325828-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogi%2C%20Niigata

Ogi, Niigata

Introduction

was a located in , , . On March 1, 2004, Ogi and the other 9 municipalities in the island were merged to create the city of . Since then, Ogi has been one of the 10 subdivisions of Sado City.

wit-train-topic-000697150

projected-17325828-005

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ogi%2C%20Niigata

Ogi, Niigata

Local attractions

was a located in , , . On March 1, 2004, Ogi and the other 9 municipalities in the island were merged to create the city of . Since then, Ogi has been one of the 10 subdivisions of Sado City.

() temple Ogi Coast Yajima, Kyojima Kotoura Cave (Ryuodo Cave)

wit-train-topic-002680048

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9-Aminoacridine

9-Aminoacridine

Introduction

9-Aminoacridine is a highly fluorescent dye used clinically as a topical and experimentally as a , an indicator and a small molecule matrix.

wit-train-topic-001314212

projected-17325862-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dollar%20Down

Dollar Down

Introduction

Dollar Down is a 1925 American directed by . A print in the has one of its six reels missing. Filmed in April 1924 at the in , Dollar Down was the first of two features produced by Roland and Browning's production company, Co-Artists Productions.

wit-train-topic-004488013

projected-06899615-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20tallest%20structures%20in%20Japan

List of tallest structures in Japan

Completed

has more than 270 buildings above 150 metres (492 ft). Unlike other Asian countries with exceeding 400 metres (1312 ft) in height, Japan's skyscrapers are relatively shorter. Construction is difficult due to the high cost of labor and construction material; all buildings above 50 metres (164 ft) must also be as earthquake-proof as possible and adhere to other strict structural standards. The tallest building in Japan is currently the 300-metre (984 ft) tall , located in . Two new buildings are set to rise over 300 metres and surpass Abeno Harukas as Japan's tallest. Firstly, the Building A, a 330-metre (1082 ft) skyscraper, is scheduled to be finished in 2023 in . Then, in 2027, the 390-metre (1279 ft) , to be built at the district, will become the new tallest building in Japan.

This list ranks Japanese s that stand at least 180 metres (590 ft) tall, based on standard height measurement. This height includes s and architectural details but does not include antenna s. An equal sign (=) following a rank indicates the same height between two or more buildings. The "Year" column indicates the year in which a building was completed. Existing partially habitable structures are included for comparison purposes; however, they are not ranked.

wit-train-topic-000091440

projected-06899615-004

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20tallest%20structures%20in%20Japan

List of tallest structures in Japan

Timeline of tallest buildings

has more than 270 buildings above 150 metres (492 ft). Unlike other Asian countries with exceeding 400 metres (1312 ft) in height, Japan's skyscrapers are relatively shorter. Construction is difficult due to the high cost of labor and construction material; all buildings above 50 metres (164 ft) must also be as earthquake-proof as possible and adhere to other strict structural standards. The tallest building in Japan is currently the 300-metre (984 ft) tall , located in . Two new buildings are set to rise over 300 metres and surpass Abeno Harukas as Japan's tallest. Firstly, the Building A, a 330-metre (1082 ft) skyscraper, is scheduled to be finished in 2023 in . Then, in 2027, the 390-metre (1279 ft) , to be built at the district, will become the new tallest building in Japan.

This is a list of buildings that once held the title of tallest building in Japan. From its completion in 1958 and until the opening of the in 2011, retained the title of tallest structure in Japan, aside from various guyed masts that were built in the 1960s and 1970s, later dismantled in the 1990s.

wit-train-topic-002907877

projected-06899615-005

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20tallest%20structures%20in%20Japan

List of tallest structures in Japan

Tallest structures

has more than 270 buildings above 150 metres (492 ft). Unlike other Asian countries with exceeding 400 metres (1312 ft) in height, Japan's skyscrapers are relatively shorter. Construction is difficult due to the high cost of labor and construction material; all buildings above 50 metres (164 ft) must also be as earthquake-proof as possible and adhere to other strict structural standards. The tallest building in Japan is currently the 300-metre (984 ft) tall , located in . Two new buildings are set to rise over 300 metres and surpass Abeno Harukas as Japan's tallest. Firstly, the Building A, a 330-metre (1082 ft) skyscraper, is scheduled to be finished in 2023 in . Then, in 2027, the 390-metre (1279 ft) , to be built at the district, will become the new tallest building in Japan.

This list ranks Japanese structures that stand at least 210 metres (689 ft) tall, based on standard height measurement. This height includes spires, architectural details and antenna masts.

wit-train-topic-000447190

projected-17325874-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%20D.%20Baker%20House

Newton D. Baker House

Introduction

Newton D. Baker House, also known as Jacqueline Kennedy House, is a historic house at 3017 N Street NW in Built in 1794, it was home of , who was , during 1916–1920, while "he presided over America's mass mobilization of men and material in World War I. After the assassination of president in 1963, purchased the house and lived here for about a year. It was declared a in 1976.

wit-train-topic-001109639

projected-17325896-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Watson%27s%20Institution

John Watson's Institution

Introduction

The John Watson's Institution was a school established in , Scotland in 1762. It was based in the building which is now Modern One of the , designed in the Greek Revival style in 1825 by architect William Burn.

wit-train-topic-002575146

projected-17325902-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lippe-Biesterfeld

Lippe-Biesterfeld

Introduction

The House of Lippe-Biesterfeld was a comital of the (a German dynasty reigning from 1413 until 1918, of comital and, from 1789, of princely rank). The comital branch of Lippe-Biesterfeld ascended the throne of the in 1905, after the extinction of the ruling main branch, when count Leopold of Lippe-Biesterfeld became . He continued to rule until the . In 1916, he created his younger brother, count , a prince. Through the latter's son, (1911–2004), the of , it also became a title of the , created in 1937.

wit-train-topic-001024355

projected-17325902-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lippe-Biesterfeld

Lippe-Biesterfeld

History

The House of Lippe-Biesterfeld was a comital of the (a German dynasty reigning from 1413 until 1918, of comital and, from 1789, of princely rank). The comital branch of Lippe-Biesterfeld ascended the throne of the in 1905, after the extinction of the ruling main branch, when count Leopold of Lippe-Biesterfeld became . He continued to rule until the . In 1916, he created his younger brother, count , a prince. Through the latter's son, (1911–2004), the of , it also became a title of the , created in 1937.

The branch of Lippe-Biesterfeld was founded by count (1625–1678), youngest son of count of Lippe-Detmold. He received with parts of the former county of , as a paragium. From the Lippe-Biesterfeld branch the line of was separated in 1734. Both, Biesterfeld and Weissenfeld were so-called paragiums (non-sovereign estates of a cadet-branch) of the ruling . Jobst Herman built the manor of Biesterfeld around 1660. , moved the comital brewery from Schwalenberg to Biesterfeld in 1740. However, both the lands of Lippe-Biesterfeld and Lippe-Weissenfeld were ceded and sold to the princely line of (-Detmold) on 24 May 1762. Frederick Charles Augustus preferred to live in a hunting lodge in the forest, near Hamburg, named after him, , the current home of the princes Bismarck. Frederick William (1737-1803), the eldest surviving son of count Frederick Charles Augustus, married Elisabeth Johanna, Edle von Meinertzhagen (1752-1811) who inherited a small manor house at , where the couple moved in 1770, and which was to become the home to the Lippe-Biesterfeld family for the following 209 years. is said to have been the piano teacher of the couple's children. The Head of the Lippe-Biesterfeld family was given the style () at on 27 August and 1 October 1844. When, in 1895, the mentally ill ascended the throne of the , was appointed to act as regent of Lippe, according to a then secretly kept decree of the predecessor . Alexander was the last male of the line; the next senior lines of the were the Counts of Lippe-Biesterfeld, followed by the Counts of , and then by the most junior line the Princes of . Shortly after becoming a member state of the in 1871, Prince Woldemar of the Lippe-Detmold line died on 20 July 1895. The next ruler was his brother, , but the power needed to be exercised by a regent throughout his reign on account of his mental illness. This right for regency resulted in an inheritance dispute between the neighboring principality of and the Lippe-Biesterfeld line. , hitherto living at Oberkassel, became of the principality from 1897 until his death in 1904. The dispute was only resolved by the Imperial Court in in 1905, with the lands passing to the Lippe-Biesterfeld line who, until this point, had no territorial sovereignty. Ernest's son (1871–1949) was the first and only count of Lippe-Biesterfeld to become ruling prince of Lippe, residing at Castle. , the younger brother of Leopold IV and father of prince consort , was born at Oberkassel and grew up there. Later he acquired and an estate in (today Wojnowo, Poland), where his son grew up. A first cousin of the prince-consort, (1917–1990), sold the house at Oberkassel in 1979, after he had acquired at , in 1970. The current head of the is (born 24 May 1959), a grandson of Leopold IV, and present owner of Detmold Castle. He is also a first cousin once removed of (1911–2004), the prince consort of (1909–2004).

wit-train-topic-004710610

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lippe-Biesterfeld

Lippe-Biesterfeld

1909–1916: Morganatic title and new cadet line

The House of Lippe-Biesterfeld was a comital of the (a German dynasty reigning from 1413 until 1918, of comital and, from 1789, of princely rank). The comital branch of Lippe-Biesterfeld ascended the throne of the in 1905, after the extinction of the ruling main branch, when count Leopold of Lippe-Biesterfeld became . He continued to rule until the . In 1916, he created his younger brother, count , a prince. Through the latter's son, (1911–2004), the of , it also became a title of the , created in 1937.

On 8 February 1909, the title Countess of Biesterfeld (not related to the previous title Count of Lippe-Biesterfeld) was created for (1883–1971) and her descendants. Armgard was the wife of , the brother of . On 24 February 1916, Armgard and her two sons (1911–2004) and (1914–1988) were created Prince(ss) of Lippe-Biesterfeld with the style . They returned to a more senior position in the line of succession to the , in which they previously had been the very last. The suffix Biesterfeld was revived to mark the foundation of a new cadet line.

wit-train-topic-000611219

projected-17325914-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esek%20Hopkins%20House

Esek Hopkins House

Introduction

The Esek Hopkins House is an historic home on 97 Admiral Street (just off ) on the north side of , .

wit-train-topic-005138125

projected-17325914-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esek%20Hopkins%20House

Esek Hopkins House

Description

The Esek Hopkins House is an historic home on 97 Admiral Street (just off ) on the north side of , .

The oldest portion of the house is a 2½-story gable-roof block, three bays wide, with an entry in the rightmost bay. To the right of this section is a 1½-story gambrel-roofed addition, dating to the early 19th century. A single-story gable-roof ell extends from the rear of the main block.

wit-train-topic-004973349

projected-17325914-002

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esek%20Hopkins%20House

Esek Hopkins House

History

The Esek Hopkins House is an historic home on 97 Admiral Street (just off ) on the north side of , .

Dating to 1754, the house was the home of , the first commander-in-chief of the during the . After Hopkins died, his daughters inherited the property, and it remained in the family for the next century. Descendant Elizabeth West Gould died in 1907, and the property was donated to the City of Providence in accordance with her wishes in 1908, with the stipulation that it be converted into a museum. Accounts of the time recounted that the property was being restored to its original condition. The house was listed on the in 1973. Over the years, various plans were put forward over the years to convert the house into a museum. They all failed for lack of resources. Most recently, in 2011 the Providence Parks department put forward a plan to convert the house into a part-time museum; this has not yet come to pass. The building has suffered from inadequate maintenance by the city's parks department, and was placed on the Providence Preservation Society's "Most Endangered Properties" list in 1995, 2011 and again in 2015. In 2021, the Esek Hopkins house partnered with a local artist collective and a local dance company to serve as an outdoor space for dance performance and classes. In September 2021, the house was the site of an original dance opera titled "The Historical Fantasy of Esek Hopkins." The performance deals with the legacy of Hopkins and slavery and adds fantastical elements.

wit-train-topic-000405786

projected-20464223-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Galician%20regional%20election

2009 Galician regional election

Introduction

The 2009 Galician regional election was held on Sunday, 1 March 2009, to elect the 8th of the of . All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election. The election was held simultaneously with a . The election saw the (PP) retake control of the parliament from the of the (PSdeG–PSOE) and the (BNG), with a majority of 1 seat. As a result, became the new President of Galicia.

wit-train-topic-000287411

projected-06899647-006

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois%20Legault

François Legault

Premier of Quebec (2018–present)

François Legault (; born May 26, 1957) is a Canadian politician serving as the 32nd since 2018. A member of the (CAQ), he has led the party since its founding in 2011. Legault sits as a (MNA) for the region riding of . Prior to entering politics, he was the co-founder of the Canadian airline . Legault was a MNA from 1998 to 2009—serving in the governments of former premiers and —as the minister of education from 1998 to 2002 and as the minister of health from 2002 to 2003. He was a member of the (PQ), first elected in the in the riding of . He was re-elected in , and but resigned his seat on June 25, 2009. He returned to the legislature following his victory in the as the MNA for L'Assomption, a suburb of Montreal. He was reelected in , and . Legault is the first premier not be a member of the or the (PQ) since 's 1970 government and the first to serve under at least two monarchs since .

On October 18, 2018, Legault was sworn in as Premier of Quebec, marking the end of nearly 50 years of Liberal and Parti Québécois rule in the province.

wit-train-topic-004541752

projected-06899662-000

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri%20Mahamariamman%20Temple%2C%20Penang

Sri Mahamariamman Temple, Penang

Introduction

Built in 1833, the Arulmigu Sri Mahamariamman Temple in is the oldest in , , and features sculptures of gods and goddesses over its main entrance and facade. It is located at Queen Street, . It is also known as Mariamman Temple or Queen Street Indian Temple. Throughout the years, the Sri Mahamariamman temple has also been known by several names: Sri Muthu Mariamman Temple, Sri Arulmigu Mahamariamman Temple, Sri Mariamman Temple. All these names refer to the same temple. The temple is open daily from 6.30 am - 12.00 noon and 4.30 pm - 9.00 pm. It became a place of worship as early as 1801 and became a temple in 1833. It has stood at the same place for more than 200 years.

wit-train-topic-003465470

projected-06899662-001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri%20Mahamariamman%20Temple%2C%20Penang

Sri Mahamariamman Temple, Penang

Temple site

Built in 1833, the Arulmigu Sri Mahamariamman Temple in is the oldest in , , and features sculptures of gods and goddesses over its main entrance and facade. It is located at Queen Street, . It is also known as Mariamman Temple or Queen Street Indian Temple. Throughout the years, the Sri Mahamariamman temple has also been known by several names: Sri Muthu Mariamman Temple, Sri Arulmigu Mahamariamman Temple, Sri Mariamman Temple. All these names refer to the same temple. The temple is open daily from 6.30 am - 12.00 noon and 4.30 pm - 9.00 pm. It became a place of worship as early as 1801 and became a temple in 1833. It has stood at the same place for more than 200 years.

The temple is in central Georgetown on Lebuh Queen () and the back entrance is on Jalan Masjid Kapitan Keling (), in between Lebuh Pasar and Lebuh Chulia. Located in Penang's Little India, in the capital city of Georgetown, the Sri Maha Mariamman temple reflects the city's rich cultural heritage. Visitation to this temple is limited to morning and evening. Temple opens starts from morning 6 am till 12 pm and evening from 5 pm till 9 pm. The temples closes after the prayers are performed at 12 pm and 9 pm respectively. Daily there will be (prayers), mornings 7.30 am and evening 6.30 pm. Prayers are usually conducted by the temple priests in these times and visitors may observe these prayer sessions taking place. If you wish to enter the Sri Mahamariamman temple, it would be polite to ask permission from any of the priests and please remember to remove your shoes before entering the temple grounds.

wit-train-topic-000179150

projected-06899662-003

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri%20Mahamariamman%20Temple%2C%20Penang

Sri Mahamariamman Temple, Penang

History

Built in 1833, the Arulmigu Sri Mahamariamman Temple in is the oldest in , , and features sculptures of gods and goddesses over its main entrance and facade. It is located at Queen Street, . It is also known as Mariamman Temple or Queen Street Indian Temple. Throughout the years, the Sri Mahamariamman temple has also been known by several names: Sri Muthu Mariamman Temple, Sri Arulmigu Mahamariamman Temple, Sri Mariamman Temple. All these names refer to the same temple. The temple is open daily from 6.30 am - 12.00 noon and 4.30 pm - 9.00 pm. It became a place of worship as early as 1801 and became a temple in 1833. It has stood at the same place for more than 200 years.

The tropical island of Penang lies in the Indian Ocean, just off the north-west coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Penang's rapid growth as a trading hub in the early 19th century, especially in commodities such as nutmegs, cloves, and pepper, attracted traders from Europe, America, Arabia, India as well as China. Each then established communities and adopted lifestyles similar to their homeland. It was during that time that the Tamil Indians arrived in the island's bustling harbour, and established their own ‘Little India’ community in the city. The early Indian settlers, who came to this island to toil and trade, established an abode for mother, so that her presence could be felt as their guardian deity and guide in their times of trials and tribulations. Dating back as early as 1801, the Sri Mahamariamman Temple is recognised as an elaborate and spiritual place of worship. Like most Indian temples in Penang, the Penang Sri Mahamariamman began as a small and simple shrine. Not much is known about the early days of the temple or of the persons who founded it. The land was granted in 1801 by the British to Betty Lingam Chetty, who was then the Kapitan (Headman, Kepala or Community Leader) of the Tamils and South Indians. This is confirmed by another grant written in 1831. But, as to how the temple came to be built on this land or who founded it, there is no information. Caption confirms the existence of a temple in Georgetown in 1835. That the Mariamman temple was founded in 1833 is first mentioned in a notice of '' (consecration ceremony) held one hundred years later in 1933. But except for the date, not much else has been said about its founding in that document. Built originally as a shrine, it was later that the Indian community found a need for a proper temple ground for worshipping, to accommodate the ever-increasing Indian community presence on the island. This was done to ensure that the Indian community, which includes the merchants, labourers and sepoys, are settled in one particular area, for ease of managing the group. The majority of the people who lived around the temple were waterfront workers who were the backbone of the Penang port. These Indian stevedores were organised in groups called kootam – a member of a kootam is a kootakadai, and heading each kootam is a thandal. Together, the Indian community numbered about 2000 workers and they inhabited the area bounded by Lebuh Queen, Lebuh King, Lebuh Penang, Lebuh Pasar and Lebuh Gereja, an area collectively known as Ellammuchanthi in Tamil, or Simpang Lelong in Malay. The Sri Mahamariamman shrine was enlarged into a temple in 1833. Since this was when it became a proper temple, 1833 is taken as the year that it was founded. At the time of its founding, it was known as the Sri Muthu Mariamman Temple. It was only in 1980 that it became known by its present name, Sri Arulmigu Mahamariamman Temple, although the name is often written as Sri Mariamman Temple, Mahamariamman Temple and so on. From its inception, the temple provided an important for early Indian immigrants and is now an important and national heritage. In those days, it was done to ensure the Indian community, which includes the early working settlers like merchants and labourers are settled in one area to ease managing them. By 1833, the shrine through the efforts of the Indian settlers, turned to a temple and was renovated to its present form a hundred years later. According to a document of civil suit brought before the courts in 1904, the names of five trustees who looked after the temple from 1892 till 1904 are Veerasamy, Murugan Chettiyar, Govindasamy Pillai, Veleritta Taver and Meyappah. The temple came under The Mohamedan and Hindu Endowments Board in 1906. From then onwards the temple has been administrated by the management committee appointed by the Endowment Board. It appears that from the beginning of the Endowments Board's administration, a few temples and other institutions have been clustered and left under the care of this management committee: Arulmigu Sri Balathandayuthapani Temple in Waterfall (Hilltop), the Arulmigu Sri Ganesha Temple in Waterfall, the Arulmigu Sri Mahamariamman Temple in Queen Street, Hindu Cemetery and Cremation Ground in Batu Lanchang and a Hindu Funeral Rites Ground in Jalan . From 1967 onwards, the board is known as the Hindu Endowments Board, which is currently managing this temple.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri%20Mahamariamman%20Temple%2C%20Penang

Sri Mahamariamman Temple, Penang

Architecture

Built in 1833, the Arulmigu Sri Mahamariamman Temple in is the oldest in , , and features sculptures of gods and goddesses over its main entrance and facade. It is located at Queen Street, . It is also known as Mariamman Temple or Queen Street Indian Temple. Throughout the years, the Sri Mahamariamman temple has also been known by several names: Sri Muthu Mariamman Temple, Sri Arulmigu Mahamariamman Temple, Sri Mariamman Temple. All these names refer to the same temple. The temple is open daily from 6.30 am - 12.00 noon and 4.30 pm - 9.00 pm. It became a place of worship as early as 1801 and became a temple in 1833. It has stood at the same place for more than 200 years.

Built in the n style, the temple most outstanding feature is the impressive (tower). Rising above the entrance, it features , s and floral decorations. On the entrance of Penang Sri Mariamman Temple, you get to see a 23.5 feet tall sculptured tower or Gopuram. Also, the 38 statues of Gods and Goddesses and 4 swans featuring the Hindu Goddess Mahamariamman in Her many incarnations such as , , , surrounds the colourful four-tiered crown. It is topped with five small kalasams. With subsequent renovations carried out over the years by Hindus artisans and sculptors from India and locals, from makeshift huts to heavily ornate and brightly shining with diamonds and precious stones, Penang Sri Mahariamman Temple is a sight to behold. The interiors of the temples are heavily sculptured with deities of is in the left pillar and , his brother, is on the right pillar. The eight female figures adorning the pillars inside the temple are of (Goddess of Wealth). On the left wall there are sculptures of the and in dancing posture of the cosmic dance. Nine statues of goddesses (9 types of Sakthi) can be seen on the walls surrounding the inner shrine of Penang Sri Mahamariamman Temple. The primary deity Goddess Mahamariamman is seated at the moolastanam () of the (). The temple has an artha mandapam (), mukha mandapam, mahamandapam (hall), (circumambient), vasantha mandapam (festive hall) and kodi maram (flag post). The signs of the zodiac are carved in wood on the ceiling. The dome or of the temple is on a base 12.5 feet square and has a height of 27.25 feet. This is in three sections and contains 20 statues of gods and goddesses and 12 lions. Its is 3.5 feet and is gold plated. The back entrance tower is 10.5 feet high and contains 13 statues of gods and goddesses and 4 lions and a swan with partially human form. Once every 12 years, in keeping with tradition, the temple is . Previous consecrations are in 1933, 1958, 1980, 1998 and 2016.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri%20Mahamariamman%20Temple%2C%20Penang

Sri Mahamariamman Temple, Penang

Chithra Pournami (Chitraparuvam)

Built in 1833, the Arulmigu Sri Mahamariamman Temple in is the oldest in , , and features sculptures of gods and goddesses over its main entrance and facade. It is located at Queen Street, . It is also known as Mariamman Temple or Queen Street Indian Temple. Throughout the years, the Sri Mahamariamman temple has also been known by several names: Sri Muthu Mariamman Temple, Sri Arulmigu Mahamariamman Temple, Sri Mariamman Temple. All these names refer to the same temple. The temple is open daily from 6.30 am - 12.00 noon and 4.30 pm - 9.00 pm. It became a place of worship as early as 1801 and became a temple in 1833. It has stood at the same place for more than 200 years.

The , with notable among the festivals, the annual Chitraparuvam Festival which is celebrated in the Tamil month of Chithirai (April/May) every year, is organised with a chariot procession of the panchaloha deity of Lord Subramaniyaswami from Queen Street Sri Mahamariamman Temple. It is the day of the first full moon of the first Tamil month. In early years, the festival starts with special pooja and ubayam for the Hindu Mahajana Sangam “Koota Kadai” in Queen Street Mahamariamman Temple, the chariot procession commences in the early morning 7.00 am and reached Waterfall Dewan Mahatma Gandhi (Gandhiji Ashram) in the afternoon, the deity then carried and placed in the ashram until the return journey of the chariot to Queen Street Sri Mahamariamman temple in the evening of the same day. Since the early 1970s this festival is celebrated for three days. The deity of Lord Subramaiyaswami is brought in procession from the Queen Street Sri Mahamariamman temple passing through many street and roads before reaching the Waterfall Arulmigu Sri Ganesha temple. The deity is carried up to the Hilltop Arulmigu Sri Balathadayuthapani Temple. On the second day is the Chitraparuvam Festival where the deity is taken in procession around the hilltop temple compound in the evening. On the third day evening, the deity is carried down and placed on the chariot procession journey back to the Queen Street Sri Mahamariamman temple. In 1992, the Hindu Mahajana Sangam imported a new chariot from India, for the annual Chitraparuvam Festival celebration to replace the old chariot which was found to be not road worthy and in a decaying condition. On the first day, the chariot passes through Queen Street, Chulia Street, Chulia Street Ghaut, Victoria Street, Prangin Road Ghaut, C. Y. Choy Road, Magazine Road, Dato Keramat Road, Western Road and Waterfall Road before reaching the Ganesar Temple. The chariot stops at Kamatchi Amman Temple, Sivan Temple and Muneeswarar Temple along the way. Then the Lord Subramaniyaswami is carried up to the Sri Balathandayuthapani Temple at the hilltop. On the return journey, the Lord Subramaniyaswami is carried down and the chariot passes through Waterfall Road, Gottlieb Road, Tunku Abdul Rahman Road, Macalister Road, Anson Road, Burma Road, Transfer Road, Sri Bahari Road, Penang Road, Kimberley Street, Carnarvon Street, Chulia Street, , Church Street, Queen Street, China Street, King Street, Light Street, Penang Street, Chulia Street, King Street, China Street, Beach Street, Market Street and Queen Street before reaching the Sri Mahamariamman Temple. The chariot stops at , Meenatchi Sundaraeswarar Temple, ISKCON Centre, Muneeswarar Temple and Kunj Bihari Temple along the way.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protium%20%28plant%29

Protium (plant)

Introduction

Protium is a of more than 140 of s in the . It is native to the (where around 175 species have been found), , , and southern from east to . The genus had been included in , but is distinct, being most closely related to and . The species are usually small or medium-sized s, but some can be large, up to tall. In their native range, some species are grown for , used as , as s, for their , their resin () or in other cultural contexts.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Roth%20%28musician%29

Peter Roth (musician)

Introduction

Peter Roth (: פיטר רוט; born on September 17, 1974) is an Israeli singer and record producer, and a member of the band .

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazeau%20River

Brazeau River

Introduction

The Brazeau River is a river in western , . It is a major tributary of the . The river was named for Joseph Brazeau, a linguist associated with the .

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazeau%20River

Brazeau River

Course

The Brazeau River is a river in western , . It is a major tributary of the . The river was named for Joseph Brazeau, a linguist associated with the .

The river originates in the heights of the from Brazeau Lake (which is fed by creeks that flow from Coronet Glacier and the ) and flows east through the Rocky Mountains foothills until it merges into the North Saskatchewan River between and at Brazeau Forks. The upper course runs eastwards from into Brazeau Canyon Wildland Provincial Park. The is established at the confluence with Nordegg River. The total length of the river is . The river, and various other local geographic features, were named after Joseph Brazeau, a Missouri-born fur trader working for the in the area between 1852 and 1864.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazeau%20River

Brazeau River

Tributaries

The Brazeau River is a river in western , . It is a major tributary of the . The river was named for Joseph Brazeau, a linguist associated with the .

Boulder Creek Four Point Creek Brazeau Lake John-John Creek Upper Longview Lake Job Creek Whisker Creek, Whisker Lakes, Job Lake, Leah Lake, Samson Lake Isaac Creek Race Creek Southesk Lake Thistle Creek Chimney Creek Marshybank Creek Marshybank Lake Canyon Creek Moosehound Creek

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosicles%20%28sculptor%29

Sosicles (sculptor)

Introduction

Sosicles (: Σωσικλῆς) was a in the mid 2nd century AD. He worked as of masterpieces. He is known from his shown on a marble from and the of a marble statue of a wounded (originally in the collection of , Inv. D19; now in the , Inv. MC 0651). The marble statue is one of the three .

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth%20Stonehouse

Ruth Stonehouse

Introduction

Ruth Stonehouse (September 28, 1892 – May 12, 1941) was an actress and film director during the . Her stage career started at the age of eight as a dancer in Arizona shows.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth%20Stonehouse

Ruth Stonehouse

Film career

Ruth Stonehouse (September 28, 1892 – May 12, 1941) was an actress and film director during the . Her stage career started at the age of eight as a dancer in Arizona shows.

Stonehouse worked for and during a career which extended from 1911 until 1928. A few years prior in 1907, she was a founding member of . She also signed on to work on ' productions. Having experience here helped Stonehouse begin her directing career later on as she moved to different stations. Her appearance was most apparent in the role of Nancy Glenn and in the 1917 motion picture, The Edge of the Law. She performed in comedies and dramas such as the patriotic film Doing Her Bit (1917), which was directed by . In 1917, Stonehouse directed the films Daredevil Dan, A Walloping Time, The Winning Pair, A Limb of Satan, Puppy Love, and Tacky Sue's Romance. These movies were one-reel orphan asylum pictures, the first of which was entitled Mary Ann.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ruth%20Stonehouse

Ruth Stonehouse

Selected filmography

Ruth Stonehouse (September 28, 1892 – May 12, 1941) was an actress and film director during the . Her stage career started at the age of eight as a dancer in Arizona shows.

Mr. Wise, Investigator (1911) *short (1913) *short (1913) short with Blood Will Tell (1914) short with Bushman Ashes of Hope (1914, ) short with Bushman The Masked Wrestler (1914) *short No. 28, Diplomat (1914) *short (1915) with (1915) The Papered Door (1915) *short (1915) The Gilded Cage (1915) (1916) *serial A Phantom Husband (1917) (1917) (1917) (1917) (1917) (1917) Rosalind at Redgate (1919) *short (1919) (1919) (1919, ) The Red Viper (1919 Tyrad Pictures) (1920 Metro Pictures) (1920 Metro Pictures) (1920 Metro Pictures) (1920 ) (1920 Metro Pictures) (1921 Associated Producers) (1921 Paramount Pictures) The Wolver (1921 Pathe Exchange) (*short) (1921 Pathe Exchange) (*short) (1921 Pathe Exchange) (*short) (1921 Pathe Exchange) (*short) (1921 Pathe Exchange) (*short) (1921 Pathe Exchange) (*short) The Flash (1923 Russell Productions) Flames of Passion (1923 Independent Pictures) (1923 Film Booking Offices of America; FBO) The Way of the Transgressor (1923 Independent Pictures) A Girl of the Limberlost (1924 Film Booking Office of America; FBO) (1924 Metro-Goldwyn) Straight Through (1925 Universal Pictures) (1925 Arrow Film Corp.) Fifth Avenue Models (1925 Universal Pictures) (1925 Arrow Film Corp.) (1925 Independent Pictures) (1925 First National) (1925 Jans Film Service) (1925 Astor Pictures) (1926 Lee-Bradford) (1926 Astor Pictures) (1927 First Division Pictures) (1927 Columbia Pictures) (1927 Lumas Film Corp.) The Ape (1928 Collwyn Pictures Corp.) '' (1928 )

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah

Asiatic cheetah

Introduction

The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a currently only surviving in . It once occurred from the and the to the , , and , but was in these regions during the 20th century. The Asiatic cheetah survives in protected areas in the eastern-central region of Iran, where the human population density is very low. Between December 2011 and November 2013, 84 individuals were sighted in 14 different protected areas, and 82 individuals were identified from photographs. In December 2017, fewer than 50 individuals were thought to be remaining in three subpopulations that are scattered over in Iran's central plateau. As of January 2022, the estimates that only 12 Asiatic cheetahs, 9 males, and 3 females, are left in Iran. In order to raise international awareness for the of the Asiatic cheetah, an illustration was used on the of the at the . The Asiatic cheetah from the cheetah population in between 32,000 and 67,000 years ago. During the , it was called the hunting leopard, a name derived from the ones that were kept in captivity in large numbers by Indian royalty to use for hunting wild s.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah

Asiatic cheetah

Characteristics

The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a currently only surviving in . It once occurred from the and the to the , , and , but was in these regions during the 20th century. The Asiatic cheetah survives in protected areas in the eastern-central region of Iran, where the human population density is very low. Between December 2011 and November 2013, 84 individuals were sighted in 14 different protected areas, and 82 individuals were identified from photographs. In December 2017, fewer than 50 individuals were thought to be remaining in three subpopulations that are scattered over in Iran's central plateau. As of January 2022, the estimates that only 12 Asiatic cheetahs, 9 males, and 3 females, are left in Iran. In order to raise international awareness for the of the Asiatic cheetah, an illustration was used on the of the at the . The Asiatic cheetah from the cheetah population in between 32,000 and 67,000 years ago. During the , it was called the hunting leopard, a name derived from the ones that were kept in captivity in large numbers by Indian royalty to use for hunting wild s.

The Asiatic cheetah has a buff-to-light fawn-coloured fur that is paler on the sides, on the front of the muzzle, below the eyes and inner legs. Small black spots are arranged in lines on the head and nape, but irregularly scattered on body, legs, paws and tail. The tail tip has black stripes. The coat and mane are shorter than of African cheetah subspecies. The head and body of an adult Asiatic cheetah measure about with a long tail. It weighs about . They exhibit ; males are slightly larger than the females. The cheetah is the fastest land animal in the world. It was previously thought that the body temperature of a cheetah increases during a hunt due to high metabolic activity. In a short period of time during a chase, a cheetah may produce 60 times more heat than at rest, with much of the heat, produced from , stored to possibly raise the body temperature. The claim was supported by data from experiments in which two cheetahs ran on a treadmill for minutes on end but contradicted by studies in natural settings, which indicate that body temperature stays relatively the same during a hunt. A 2013 study suggested stress and a slight increase in body temperature after a hunt. The cheetah's nervousness after a hunt may induce stress , which involves high sympathetic nervous activity and raises the body temperature. After a hunt, the risk of another predator taking its kill is great, and the cheetah is on high alert and stressed. The increased sympathetic activity prepares the cheetah's body to run when another predator approaches. In the 2013 study, even the cheetah that did not chase the prey experienced an increase in body temperature once the prey was caught, showing increased sympathetic activity.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah

Asiatic cheetah

Distribution and habitat

The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a currently only surviving in . It once occurred from the and the to the , , and , but was in these regions during the 20th century. The Asiatic cheetah survives in protected areas in the eastern-central region of Iran, where the human population density is very low. Between December 2011 and November 2013, 84 individuals were sighted in 14 different protected areas, and 82 individuals were identified from photographs. In December 2017, fewer than 50 individuals were thought to be remaining in three subpopulations that are scattered over in Iran's central plateau. As of January 2022, the estimates that only 12 Asiatic cheetahs, 9 males, and 3 females, are left in Iran. In order to raise international awareness for the of the Asiatic cheetah, an illustration was used on the of the at the . The Asiatic cheetah from the cheetah population in between 32,000 and 67,000 years ago. During the , it was called the hunting leopard, a name derived from the ones that were kept in captivity in large numbers by Indian royalty to use for hunting wild s.

The cheetah thrives in open lands, small plains, semi-desert areas, and other open habitats where prey is available. The Asiatic cheetah mainly inhabits the desert areas around in the eastern half of Iran, including parts of the , , , , , and provinces. Most live in five protected areas, viz , , Bafq Protected Area, Dar-e Anjir Wildlife Refuge, and . During the 1970s, the Asiatic cheetah population in Iran was estimated to number about 200 individuals in 11 protected areas. By the end of the 1990s, the population was estimated at 50 to 100 individuals. During camera-trapping surveys conducted across 18 protected areas between 2001 and 2012, a total of 82 individuals in 15–17 families were recorded and identified. Of these, only six individuals were recorded for more than three years. In this period, 42 cheetahs died due to poaching, in road accidents and due to natural causes. Populations are fragmented and known to survive in the , , , , , and s. In summer 2018, a female cheetah and four cubs were sighted in Iran's .

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah

Asiatic cheetah

Former range

The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a currently only surviving in . It once occurred from the and the to the , , and , but was in these regions during the 20th century. The Asiatic cheetah survives in protected areas in the eastern-central region of Iran, where the human population density is very low. Between December 2011 and November 2013, 84 individuals were sighted in 14 different protected areas, and 82 individuals were identified from photographs. In December 2017, fewer than 50 individuals were thought to be remaining in three subpopulations that are scattered over in Iran's central plateau. As of January 2022, the estimates that only 12 Asiatic cheetahs, 9 males, and 3 females, are left in Iran. In order to raise international awareness for the of the Asiatic cheetah, an illustration was used on the of the at the . The Asiatic cheetah from the cheetah population in between 32,000 and 67,000 years ago. During the , it was called the hunting leopard, a name derived from the ones that were kept in captivity in large numbers by Indian royalty to use for hunting wild s.

The Asiatic cheetah once ranged from the and Near East to Iran, the , Central Asia, Afghanistan and Pakistan to India. It is considered in all of its former range, with the only known surviving population being . In Iraq, the cheetah was still recorded in the desert west of in 1926. The last record was published in 1991, and it was a cheetah that had been killed by a car. In the , a sighting of two cheetahs was reported in 1946. In the Arabian Peninsula, it used to occur in the northern and southeastern fringes and had been reported in both and before 1974. Two cheetahs were killed in the northern Saudi in 1973. In , the last known cheetah was sighted in in 1963, near the international border with . In Oman's , a cheetah was shot near in 1977. In Central Asia, uncontrolled hunting of cheetahs and their prey, severe winters and conversion of grassland to areas used for agriculture contributed to the population's decline. By the early 20th century, the range in Central Asia had decreased significantly. By the 1930s, cheetahs were confined to the and in and , and to the foothills of the mountains and a region in the south of bordering Iran and Afghanistan. The last known sightings in the area were in 1957 between the and s, in July 1983 in the Ustyurt plateau, and in November 1984 in the Kopet Dag. Officers of the did not sight a cheetah in this area until 2014; the border fence between Iran and Turkmenistan might impede . The cheetah population in Afghanistan decreased to the extent that it has been considered extinct since the 1950s. Two skins were sighted in markets in the country, one in 1971, and another in 2006, the latter reportedly from . In India, the cheetah occurred in , , , and south of the from to the northern part of the . It was also present in the , and other desert regions of and parts of and Central India. Akbar the Great was introduced to cheetahs around the mid-16th century and used them for s, s and s. He allegedly possessed 1,000 cheetahs during his reign but this figure might be exaggerated since there is no evidence of for so many animals, nor of facilities to provide them with sufficient meat every day. Trapping of adult cheetahs, who had already learned hunting skills from wild mothers, for assisting in royal hunts is said to be another major cause of the species' rapid decline in India, as there is only one record of a ever born to captive animals. By the beginning of the 20th century, wild Asiatic cheetahs sightings were rare in India, so much so that between 1918 and 1945, imported cheetahs from Africa for coursing. Three of India's last cheetahs were shot by the Maharajah of in 1948. A female was sighted in 1951 in , northwestern .

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah

Asiatic cheetah

Diet

The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a currently only surviving in . It once occurred from the and the to the , , and , but was in these regions during the 20th century. The Asiatic cheetah survives in protected areas in the eastern-central region of Iran, where the human population density is very low. Between December 2011 and November 2013, 84 individuals were sighted in 14 different protected areas, and 82 individuals were identified from photographs. In December 2017, fewer than 50 individuals were thought to be remaining in three subpopulations that are scattered over in Iran's central plateau. As of January 2022, the estimates that only 12 Asiatic cheetahs, 9 males, and 3 females, are left in Iran. In order to raise international awareness for the of the Asiatic cheetah, an illustration was used on the of the at the . The Asiatic cheetah from the cheetah population in between 32,000 and 67,000 years ago. During the , it was called the hunting leopard, a name derived from the ones that were kept in captivity in large numbers by Indian royalty to use for hunting wild s.

The Asiatic cheetah preys on medium-sized s including , , , and . In , cheetahs use a wide range of habitats, but prefer areas close to water sources. This habitat overlaps to 61% with wild sheep, 36% with , and 30% with gazelle. In India, prey was formerly abundant. Before its extinction in the country, the cheetah fed on the , the , and sometimes the and the .

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah

Asiatic cheetah

Reproduction

The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a currently only surviving in . It once occurred from the and the to the , , and , but was in these regions during the 20th century. The Asiatic cheetah survives in protected areas in the eastern-central region of Iran, where the human population density is very low. Between December 2011 and November 2013, 84 individuals were sighted in 14 different protected areas, and 82 individuals were identified from photographs. In December 2017, fewer than 50 individuals were thought to be remaining in three subpopulations that are scattered over in Iran's central plateau. As of January 2022, the estimates that only 12 Asiatic cheetahs, 9 males, and 3 females, are left in Iran. In order to raise international awareness for the of the Asiatic cheetah, an illustration was used on the of the at the . The Asiatic cheetah from the cheetah population in between 32,000 and 67,000 years ago. During the , it was called the hunting leopard, a name derived from the ones that were kept in captivity in large numbers by Indian royalty to use for hunting wild s.

Evidence of females successfully raising cubs is very rare. A few observations in Iran indicate that they give birth throughout the year to one to four cubs. In April 2003, four cubs found in a den had still closed eyes. In November 2004, a cub was recorded by a camera-trap that was about 6–8 months old. Breeding success depends on availability of prey. In October 2013, a female with four cubs were filmed in . In December 2014, four cheetahs were sighted and photographed by camera traps in the same national park. In January 2015, three other adult Asiatic cheetahs and a female with her cub were sighted in . Eleven cheetahs were also sighted at the time, and another four a month later. In July 2015, five adult cheetahs and three cubs were spotted in Khar Turan National Park.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah

Asiatic cheetah

Threats

The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a currently only surviving in . It once occurred from the and the to the , , and , but was in these regions during the 20th century. The Asiatic cheetah survives in protected areas in the eastern-central region of Iran, where the human population density is very low. Between December 2011 and November 2013, 84 individuals were sighted in 14 different protected areas, and 82 individuals were identified from photographs. In December 2017, fewer than 50 individuals were thought to be remaining in three subpopulations that are scattered over in Iran's central plateau. As of January 2022, the estimates that only 12 Asiatic cheetahs, 9 males, and 3 females, are left in Iran. In order to raise international awareness for the of the Asiatic cheetah, an illustration was used on the of the at the . The Asiatic cheetah from the cheetah population in between 32,000 and 67,000 years ago. During the , it was called the hunting leopard, a name derived from the ones that were kept in captivity in large numbers by Indian royalty to use for hunting wild s.

The Asiatic cheetah has been listed as on the since 1996. Following the of 1979, wildlife conservation was interrupted for several years. Manoeuvres with armed vehicles were carried in steppes, and local people hunted cheetahs and prey species unchecked. The gazelle population declined in many areas, and cheetahs retreated to remote mountainous habitats. Reduced gazelle numbers, persecution, land-use change, habitat degradation and fragmentation, and contributed to the decline of the cheetah population. The cheetah is affected by loss of prey as a result of antelope hunting and from introduced livestock. Its prey was pushed out as herders entered game reserves with their herds. A herder pursued a female cheetah with two cubs on his motorbike, until one of the cubs was so exhausted that it collapsed. He caught and kept it chained in his home for two weeks, until it was rescued by officers of the . Mining development and road construction near reserves also threaten the population. Coal, copper, and iron have been mined in cheetah habitat in three different regions in central and eastern Iran. It is estimated that the two regions for coal (Nayband) and iron (Bafq) have the largest cheetah population outside protected areas. Mining itself is not a direct threat to the population; road construction and the resulting traffic have made the cheetah accessible to humans, including poachers. The Iranian border regions to and , viz the , are major passages for armed outlaws and smugglers who are active in the central and western regions of Iran, and pass through cheetah habitat. Uncontrolled hunting throughout the desert cannot be effectively controlled by the governments of the three countries. Conflict between livestock herders and cheetahs is also threatening the population outside protected areas. Several herders killed cheetahs to prevent livestock loss, or for trophies, trade and fun. Some herders are accompanied by large mastiff-type dogs into protected areas. These dogs killed five cheetahs between 2013 and 2016. Between 2007 and 2011, six cheetahs, 13 predators and 12 s died in following collisions with vehicles on a transit road. At least 11 Asiatic cheetahs were killed in road accidents between 2001 and 2014. The road network in Iran constitutes a very high risk for the small population as it impedes connectivity between population units. Efforts to stop the construction of a road through the core of the Bafq Protected Area were unsuccessful. Between 1987 and 2018, 56 cheetahs died in Iran because of humans; 26 were killed by herders or their dogs.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah

Asiatic cheetah

Conservation efforts

The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a currently only surviving in . It once occurred from the and the to the , , and , but was in these regions during the 20th century. The Asiatic cheetah survives in protected areas in the eastern-central region of Iran, where the human population density is very low. Between December 2011 and November 2013, 84 individuals were sighted in 14 different protected areas, and 82 individuals were identified from photographs. In December 2017, fewer than 50 individuals were thought to be remaining in three subpopulations that are scattered over in Iran's central plateau. As of January 2022, the estimates that only 12 Asiatic cheetahs, 9 males, and 3 females, are left in Iran. In order to raise international awareness for the of the Asiatic cheetah, an illustration was used on the of the at the . The Asiatic cheetah from the cheetah population in between 32,000 and 67,000 years ago. During the , it was called the hunting leopard, a name derived from the ones that were kept in captivity in large numbers by Indian royalty to use for hunting wild s.

In September 2001, the project "Conservation of the Asiatic Cheetah and its Associated Biota" was launched by the Iranian Department of Environment in cooperation with the 's , the , the IUCN Cat Specialist Group, the and the Iranian Cheetah Society. Personnel of and the started radio-collaring Asiatic cheetahs in February 2007. The cats' movements are monitored using GPS collars. have made some projects, such as obtaining camera traps, difficult. A few orphaned cubs have been raised in captivity, such as Marita who died at the age of nine years in 2003. Beginning in 2006, the day of his death, 31 August, became the Cheetah Conservation Day, used to inform the public about conservation programs. In 2014, the announced that their and are imprinted with pictures of the Asiatic cheetah in order to bring attention to conservation efforts. In February 2015, Iran launched a search engine, Yooz, that features a cheetah as logo. In May 2015, the Iranian Department of Environment announced plans to quintuple the penalty for poaching a cheetah to 100 million (around US$2500 as of February 2022). In September 2015, introduced the new livery of Iranian Cheetah to support its conservation efforts. Iranian officials have discussed constructing s to reduce the number of deaths in traffic accidents. In 2014, an Asiatic cheetah was for the first time by scientists from the University of . The embryo was not born.

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projected-06899779-011

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic%20cheetah

Asiatic cheetah

In captivity

The Asiatic cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus venaticus) is a currently only surviving in . It once occurred from the and the to the , , and , but was in these regions during the 20th century. The Asiatic cheetah survives in protected areas in the eastern-central region of Iran, where the human population density is very low. Between December 2011 and November 2013, 84 individuals were sighted in 14 different protected areas, and 82 individuals were identified from photographs. In December 2017, fewer than 50 individuals were thought to be remaining in three subpopulations that are scattered over in Iran's central plateau. As of January 2022, the estimates that only 12 Asiatic cheetahs, 9 males, and 3 females, are left in Iran. In order to raise international awareness for the of the Asiatic cheetah, an illustration was used on the of the at the . The Asiatic cheetah from the cheetah population in between 32,000 and 67,000 years ago. During the , it was called the hunting leopard, a name derived from the ones that were kept in captivity in large numbers by Indian royalty to use for hunting wild s.

In February 2010, photos of an Asiatic cheetah in a "Semi-Captive Breeding and Research Center of Iranian Cheetah" in Iran's were published. Another news report stated that the centre is home to about ten Asiatic cheetahs in a semi-wild environment protected by wire fencing all around. In January 2008, a male cub aged about 7–8 months was recovered from a sheep herder and brought into captivity. Wildlife officials in and the Turan National Park have raised a few orphaned cubs. In December 2015, it was reported that 18 Asiatic cheetah cubs had recently been born at .

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%20Basque%20regional%20election

2009 Basque regional election

Introduction

The 2009 Basque regional election was held on Sunday, 1 March 2009, to elect the 9th of the . All 75 seats in the Parliament were up for election. The election was held simultaneously with a . It would be the first time that the elections for two of the Spanish ""—namely, those comprising , , and the Basque Country itself—were held simultaneously. This would evolve into an unwritten convention in subsequent years, with Basque and Galician elections being held concurrently in 2012, 2016 and 2020. The 2009 Basque election was the first one to be held without any major electoral candidacy from the , after their previous iterations—the (PCTV/EHAK) and (ANV)—had been outlawed in September 2008 because of their reported ties to and the outlawed party. In early February 2009, two political groupings formed by abertzale left members to contest the election, (D3M) and ("Freedom"), were barred from contesting the election by both the and the . In response, the abertzale left asked their voters to cast invalid ballots, both in protest to the court rulings and seeking to prevent in favour of either 's (PNV) or (EA). The election resulted in an upset, as Basque nationalist parties lost their parliamentary majority for the first time in 30 years, paving the way for a non-PNV led government. The (PSE–EE) under gained seven seats to command a 25-strong caucus, the best historical showing of the party in a Basque regional election. The (PP), which had switched leaders less than a year before the election as former leader quit over disagreements with the national leadership of , had a net loss of two seats from 2005. The new (UPyD) party, founded in 2007 by former PSOE member and regional minister was able to achieve a breakthrough in Álava and have its regional candidate elected. Meanwhile, PNV's previous coalition partners, (EA) and (EB), suffered a harsh electoral downturn with both their leaders losing their seats and resigning in the aftermath of the election. The PSE formed a minority government with López as the first non-PNV lehendakari since 1979 through a confidence and supply agreement with the PP. While both parties had established an uneasy alliance in the Basque Country since the late 1990s despite their overall national rivalry, this would constitute the most relevant agreement reached between both parties at any level of administration.

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