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How many hands do humans have?

Humans without any genetic defects or major limb injuries have two hands. However a very small number of people have zero, one, or three hands.

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What is email?

Email is form of electronic communication that is distributed between computers over closed and open networks. The internet is the most common network that is used for email communication. Email services that are very popular are gmail, outook, protonmail, and yahoo mail. Major fortune 500 companies all use email communication in one form or another to help their companies and people all be more productive and deliver results faster.

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What does BAFTA stands for ?

British Academy of Film and Television Arts

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List some beverages that you can buy at Starbucks.

Frappuccino, shaken espresso, caramel macchiato, refresher, hot chocolate, latte, drip coffee

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How fast can an ostrich run?

An ostrich can run up to 56 mph (90 km/h). It is the fastest land animal after the cheetah.

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Based on this paragraph, during what year was Hearst born?

Hearst died at the age of 70 in Washington, D.C., on February 28, 1891. The California Legislature and state courts adjourned so officials could attend his funeral. When Phoebe Apperson Hearst inherited her husband's wealth, she donated a great deal of it to help found new libraries at several universities. Hearst is buried in Cypress Lawn Cemetery in Colma, California. His widow and son were later buried there as well. The Hearst Memorial Mining Building on the Berkeley campus is dedicated to George Hearst. In 1996, he was inducted into the Hall of Great Westerners of the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum.

Hearst died at the age of 70 in 1891, so he must have been born in either 1820 or 1821.

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Which of the other locations mentioned in this article is closest to Rudzk Duży?

Rudzk Duży [ˈrut͡sk ˈduʐɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Piotrków Kujawski, within Radziejów County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 kilometres (4 mi) south-west of Piotrków Kujawski, 15 km (9 mi) south-west of Radziejów, and 59 km (37 mi) south of Toruń.

Piotrków Kujawski. Rudzk Duży is closest to Piotrków Kujawski.

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Why is sleep training your baby important?

Sleep training your baby is important because it teaches your child the fundamental skill of self-soothing themselves to sleep. If your baby is not sleep trained, it will likely result in them waking up more often at night and needing the parent's help to soothe or rock them back to sleep. There are several methods you can use to sleep train your baby including the "cry it out" method, which works by allowing your child to cry while checking in on them incrementally to make sure they know you're there. When using the cry it out method, you need to ensure that all of your baby's needs have been met. Make sure your child is fed, changed, burped, and is overall comfortable. You can use words like "it's sleepy time" to signal your baby to sleep. This method takes about 4-7 days to work and has been proven to be the most effective and completely safe to use on your child.

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Who were the Sumerians?

The Sumerian culture (3000-2350 BC) is regarded as humanity's first urban civilization. It originated in southern Mesopotamia, between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, and is related to Neolithic cultures, particularly the Uruk culture. They invented the wheel and writing, had a division of labor-based organization, and were incredible builders. Their Sumerian language is unrelated to any other known language. Sumerian is a cuneiform language, with ideograms, symbols, and abstract forms representing ideas rather than specific words or sounds.

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what is the capital of China?

The capital of China is Beijing.

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What causes Type 2 Diabetes?

Type 2 diabetes primarily occurs as a result of obesity and lack of exercise. Some people are genetically more at risk than others.

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Why did Kim Kardashian and Ye divorce?

Kim and Ye were living two separate lives. Kim was in Hidden Hills, CA taking care of their four kids while Ye was developing the acres of land he bought in Wyoming. Ye began creating a whole self-sustaining community of christian devoted followers while Kim was filming her show and studying to become a lawyer. They began to grow a part, not to mention claims of both of them cheating. After two years trying to become divorced, they most recently officially became divorced and Ye must pay Kim $200,000 per month for security of their kids. Kim bought their house from Ye and other financials were settled.

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Can you give me some reasons why Hockey is not as popular in the United States as many other sports?

Yes, 1. Hockey requires a field of ice which can only naturally occur in colder climates which limits the geographic appeal of the sport. Also, ice rinks are not as readily available around the country as, say, a soccer field or basketball court. 2. Hockey is an expensive sport to play. One needs to purchase pads, sticks, helmets, and other gear, as well as rent out an ice rink for practices and games. 3. In addition to cost, the barrier for entry related to skill is quite high compared to most other sports. One must first be able to ice skate before playing hockey which is a skill many people don't have.

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First you'd need to consider what you're using it for. Exercise bikes can be very different from commuters or casual ride bikes or velodrome racers. Another consideration is budget: bikes can range from a couple hundred dollars in price to several thousand. Accessories can dramatically increase the price as well. For general, all-purpose bikes you may want to consider a commuter bicycle. It would have a wider, thicker wheel than a road bike so it would be a little sturdier for urban roads. They tend to be a bit heavier, so there is a tradeoff.

There isn't any one bicycle that would be ideal for all people. Bike shops have experts who can advise the right model and size for you and your main uses. You could also look at product results from online bike shops and read reviews to supplement the advice from the shop. A meetup or ride with a local cycling group would be another great source of advice and targeted knowledge for making a decision which bike is right for you.

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what is the difference between a rat and a mouse

rat is larger mammal, mice are slender in size

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How old was Mozart when he first performed?

He was six years old when he first performed in front of royalty

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Kaka means parrot in which language

Maori

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What is orange wine?

Orange wine is a term given to white wines that have "skin contact" during the wine making process. Unlike true white wines, where contact between the pressed white grape juice and the white grape skins is minimised, for an orange wine the pressed juice will macerate with the skins, similar to the process for making a red wine. The depth of colour and the level of tannin present in the resulting wine will be determined, largely, by the length of this maceration. Due to the presence of tannin, orange wines can often taste "funky" compared to white wines, and are very popular with proponents of the natural wine movement.

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What is behavioural economics?

A method of economic analysis that applies psychological insights into human behavior to explain economic decision-making. Behavioural economics, the application of psychological insights to economic theories and problems, has been growing in influence for decades.’ In short behavioural economics is a subset of the study of economics. It is a method of economic analysis that applies psychological insights into human behaviours to explain economic decision making.

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What are three capital cities in South America?

Three capital cities in South America are Montevideo, Quito, and Lima.

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Who were the commanders of the two armies involved in the Battle of Hastings?

The Norman-French army was commanded by William, the Duke of Normandy. The English army fought for King Harold Godwinson.

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How long will it take me to train for a marathon?

It depends on your goals! Many runners training to finish a marathon can do so with only 12 weeks of training, but if you are aiming for a PR or to qualify for the Boston Marathon, you'll likely need a longer training plan. Most runners who qualify for Boston run between 50 and 80 miles a week, which can take anywhere from 10 to 15 hours a week.

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What is a good park in Redmond, WA

Marymoor Park in Redmond, WA

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What is SQL?

Structured Query Language (SQL) is a standardized programming language that is used to manage relational databases and perform various operations on the data in them.

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Given the following paragraph, where did House music originate?

House is a music genre characterized by a repetitive four-on-the-floor beat and a typical tempo of 120 beats per minute. It was created by DJs and music producers from Chicago's underground club culture in the early/mid 1980s, as DJs began altering disco songs to give them a more mechanical beat. House was pioneered by African American DJs and producers in Chicago such as Frankie Knuckles, Ron Hardy, Jesse Saunders, Chip E., Joe Smooth, Steve "Silk" Hurley, Farley "Jackmaster" Funk, Marshall Jefferson, Phuture, and others. House music expanded to other cities such as London, then New York City and became a worldwide phenomenon.

House music originated in Chicago, Illinois in the United States of America by producers/DJs such as Frankie Knuckles, Ron Hardy, and Jesse Saunders.

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What is the biggest dog breed in the world?

The great dane, originated from Germany. It is one of the two largest dog breeds together with the Irish Wolfhound.

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Can you name a few of Leonardo's famous works

Leonardo is identified as one of the greatest painters in the history of art and is often credited as the founder of the High Renaissance. Despite having many lost works and fewer than 25 attributed major works—including numerous unfinished works—he created some of the most influential paintings in Western art. His magnum opus, the Mona Lisa, is his best known work and often regarded as the world's most famous painting. The Last Supper is the most reproduced religious painting of all time and his Vitruvian Man drawing is also regarded as a cultural icon. In 2017, Salvator Mundi, attributed in whole or part to Leonardo, was sold at auction for US$450.3 million, setting a new record for the most expensive painting ever sold at public auction.

Mona Lisa, The Last Supper, Vitruvian Man, Salvator Mundi

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List five titles by Margaret Atwood.

The Handmaid's Tale, The Testaments, The Edible Woman, Oryx and Crake, The Year of the Flood

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What basic tools should I keep around the house?

Keeping tools around the house to make simple fixes is super important as a homeowner and a renter. Furthermore, being self sufficient and not relying on others to do basic work is very empowering. Some basic tools that everyone should keep around the house are a screwdriver with various different heads (eg. phillips, flat head, allen wrench, etc), needle nose pliers, channel lock pliers, slip joint pliers an electric drill, drill bit set, and a hammer. You can accomplish a lot of small fixes and have on hand when that emergency situation arises.

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Given this paragraph about e-readers, what is the e-reader designed and marketed by Amazon?

Amazon Kindle is a series of e-readers designed and marketed by Amazon. Amazon Kindle devices enable users to browse, buy, download, and read e-books, newspapers, magazines and other digital media via wireless networking to the Kindle Store. The hardware platform, which Amazon subsidiary Lab126 developed, began as a single device in 2007. Currently, it comprises a range of devices, including e-readers with E Ink electronic paper displays and Kindle applications on all major computing platforms. All Kindle devices integrate with Windows and macOS file systems and Kindle Store content and, as of March 2018, the store had over six million e-books available in the United States.

Amazon Kindle

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what is snow skiing

Skiing is the use of skis to glide on snow. Variations of purpose include basic transport, a recreational activity, or a competitive winter sport. Many types of competitive skiing events are recognized by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), and the International Ski Federation (FIS).

skiing is a form of outdoor winter sport. Done in the mountains. You can ski on piste and off piste.

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Where is the baseball Hall of Fame?

The National Baseball Hall of Fame is a history museum and hall of fame in Cooperstown, New York.

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Where are Himayalas located?

The Himalayas, or Himalaya (/ˌhɪməˈleɪ.ə, hɪˈmɑːləjə/; Sanskrit: [ɦɪmaːlɐjɐ]; from Sanskrit himá 'snow, frost', and ā-laya 'dwelling, abode'), is a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau. The range has some of the planet's highest peaks, including the very highest, Mount Everest. Over 100 peaks exceeding 7,200 m (23,600 ft) in elevation lie in the Himalayas.

The Himalayan mountain range is located in South East Asia. It spans India, Pakistan and Nepal.

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What is Violet Jessop well know for?

Violet Constance Jessop (2 October 1887 – 5 May 1971), often referred to as the "Queen of sinking ships" or "Miss Unsinkable," was an Argentine woman of Irish heritage who worked as an ocean liner stewardess, memoirist, and nurse in the early 20th century. Jessop is most well known for having survived the sinking of both the RMS Titanic in 1912 and her sister ship the HMHS Britannic in 1916, as well as having been onboard the eldest of the three sister ships, the RMS Olympic, when it collided with the British warship HMS Hawke in 1911.

Violet Jessop is well known for been onboard the RSM Olympic when it collided in 1911, and letter surviving the RMS Titanic in 1912, and the HMHS Britannic in 1916.

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Based on this passage, what was the first designated space to be established in Roche Percee called? Who established it and in what year?

In 1872 the Boundary Commission travelled through this area while surveying the border between Canada and the United States. During the 1874 March West trek of the North-West Mounted Police, the force established its first camp (called Short Creek Camp) at this location. The community began being served by the Soo Line in 1893, permitting the coal mines in the region to become operational. Roche Percée incorporated as a village on January 12, 1909.

The first established space was Short Creek Camp which was founded in 1874 by the North-West Mounted Police

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What is the best way to file California State Tax for Spouse Abroad in community property jurisdiction countries like China? The goal is to minimize the tax for community property income.

For resident spouse in California (CA) and non-resident spouse living and working in China, you can file Federal tax jointly and California state tax separately to minimize the community property income. But since both the California state and China are community property jurisdiction, only 50% of the non-resident spouse's income can be exempt from CA state tax, i.e. 100% of the resident spouse's California source income needs to be filed (50% in resident's form 540, and another 50% in non-resident's form 540NR), and 50% of non-resident spouse's foreign income needs to be filed in resident's Form 540. Note that Foreign Tax Credit or Exemption cannot be applied to state tax like federal tax.

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What is a snowman?

A snowman is a replica of a human made from snow, typically by stacking three large balls of snow on top of each other. The top ball represents the head, the middle ball is the body and the lower ball are the lower extremities of the snowman. Often, a snowman will have sticks for arms and a carrot for a nose.

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What is Linux?

Linux is an open-source UNIX-like operating system initially developed by Linus Torvalds and now with thousands of contributors around the world. Linux is actually the operating system kernel and the other components necessary to form an operating system are coming from other open source projects and in particular the GNU project. For this reason, the operating system is sometimes referred to as GNU/Linux.

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Why is March 14th Pi day?

The number Pi is 3.14159265... and so on. The first three numbers, 3.14, correspond with the 14th of March in the American calendar notation, with March being the third month.

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Which player has won the most Superbowls?

Tom Brady

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Where is Michael Phelps from?

Baltimore, Maryland

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What is the pattern in this sequence and what is the next number: 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13

In this sequence the pattern is that each number is the sum of the two previous numbers. Therefore the next number in this sequence is 21.

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How does manufacturing analytics improve production?

Manufacturers often used data-driven techniques such as Six Sigma to improve manufacturing performance. Through the continual aggregation of manufacturing data, analytics can be developed to baseline machine performance and determine anomalous behavior in order to address product quality and machine maintenance issues. Data and analytics are key to improving production metrics in repeatable manner.

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From this reference text, what political party does Taylor Swift belong to?

Swift refrained from discussing politics early in her career, fearing it might influence people. Critics took issue with her previously apolitical stance despite her wealth and celebrity. Swift publicly voiced her political opinion for the first time in the 2018 United States elections, when she endorsed Democratic candidates in her home state, Tennessee. In 2019, Swift told The Guardian that when she started her country music career, she was advised against discussing politics by her label executives because of the consequences of the Dixie Chicks controversy, but finally decided to speak up after she became disillusioned with contemporary American politics and moved out of Big Machine. She identifies as a pro-choice feminist, and is one of the founding signatories of the Time's Up movement against sexual harassment. She criticized the US Supreme Court's decision to overturn Roe v. Wade (1973) and end federal abortion rights in 2022. Swift advocates for LGBT rights, and has called for the passing of the Equality Act, which prohibits discrimination based on sex, sexual orientation, and gender identity. The New York Times wrote her 2011 music video for "Mean" had a positive impact on the LGBTQ+ community. Swift performed during WorldPride NYC 2019 at the Stonewall Inn, frequently deemed the birthplace of the modern gay rights movement. She has donated to the LGBT organizations Tennessee Equality Project and GLAAD.

Taylor Swift is a democrat.

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Who is the greatest tennis player of all time?

In the modern era and based on total titles and the overall impact on the game, both Serena Williams and Roger Federer as considered the greatest player of this generation

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Given this reference text about Jimmy John's, where was the original Jimmy John's located?

After Jimmy John Liautaud graduated second to last in his class at Elgin Academy in 1982, his father gave him a choice to either join the Army or start a business. Although his father wanted him to enlist, the younger Liautaud chose the latter, and his father agreed to loan him $25,000 in exchange for a 48% stake in the business. Initially Jimmy John wanted to open a hot dog stand, but after visiting numerous such stands throughout the summer of 1982, he realized the $25,000 would not be enough for such a venture. After a chance encounter at a sandwich shop, Jimmy John realized that he could open a sandwich shop within his available budget by purchasing premium meats at a neighborhood market and baking his own bread. With the help of his family as tasters, he decided to put four sandwiches on his original menu. Paying $200 a month in rent, Liautaud could only afford used equipment consisting of a refrigerator, a chest freezer, an oven, and a meat slicer. On January 13, 1983, Jimmy John's Gourmet Sandwiches opened in Charleston, Illinois. Due to the poor location of his first store, Liautaud decided to include delivery of his sandwiches to boost sales. He began by bringing samples door-to-door to the dorms of nearby Eastern Illinois University, which he had attended for one semester.

The original Jimmy John's was located in Charleston, Illinois.

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What should I do if I'm feeling depressed?

It's completely normal to feel depressed from time to time. Life is hard, and sometimes it just seems meaningless. One thing you can do in this situation is to try something new that you haven't done before, like taking a walk in a neighborhood where you haven't been, hang out with a friend that you haven't talked to for awhile, taking a vacation and traveling to somewhere new, or even just reading a new book or watching a new movie. New experiences can give you new perspectives in unexpected ways.

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Give me a two sentence summary of the following text: "A Venn diagram illustrates the relationships between two or more data sets. Venn diagrams are especially useful for highlighting similarities and differences and are commonly used to compare and contrast the characteristics of different data sets. In a Venn diagram, circles are used to represent each data set. Inside each circle is a list of characteristics that define that data. Characteristics shared between two or more data sets are listed in the area where the circles overlap. Simple Venn diagrams consist of two overlapping circles, but complex Venn diagrams may compare up to five or more data sets using up to five or more circles. Venn diagrams are commonly used in business and education settings to visualize and explore how things relate. In a business context, Venn diagrams are commonly used in product development, marketing, management, and more."

A Venn diagram is a commonly used type of diagram in business and education to illustrate similarities and differences between (at least) two datasets. In Venn diagrams, there are normally two slightly overlapping circles which represent two different datasets and the intersection of these circles contain characteristics of the similarities between the datasets and the symmetric difference of these circles contains the differences between these two datasets.

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What are some benefits of running?

Running has many benefits for body and mind. Some benefits are: 1. Improves cardiovascular health: running strengthens your heard by enabling it to pump more blood volume per beat, and your lungs become more capable of taking in more air per breath. 2. Increases bone density: high impact exercises, like running, place stress on bones that strengthens their structure 3. Reduces stress: running can reduce the stress hormone, cortisol 4. Improves your mood: running helps boost your mood, concentration, and overall quality of life 5. Improves sleep: cardio exercises, such as running, can help you fall asleep faster and improve overall sleep quality 6. Burns calories: running is metabolically demanding and burns a lot of calories

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Who was the original lead singer of the band Linkin Park?

Chester Bennington was one of the original lead singers of Linkin Park.

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What is the capital of Kansas?

Topeka is the capital of Kansas

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What are the interesting facts about Shakespeare?

- Shakespeare's father made gloves for a living. - Shakespeare had seven siblings. - Shakespeare married an older, pregnant lady at 18. - Shakespeare was an actor, as well as a writer.

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How do you play chess?

Chess is a two-person board game, where the objective of the game is to capture your opponents King. The King is just one of sixteen pieces that each player can use during the game. The other fifteen pieces include: Eight pawns, two rooks, two knights, two bishops, and a queen. The pieces are placed on an eight by eight, square board in a fixed starting position. The game begins by the player using the white pieces moving one of their pieces to another square. Each player will then alternate playing one move turns. Each piece has a set of legal moves that it can perform. For example, a bishop can only move diagonally on squares of its same color, whereas rooks can only move vertically or horizontally. The goal of the game is to use your pieces in a strategic manner that ultimately leads to your opponent's King being captured. The most common way to achieve this is by using your pieces to capture your opponent's pieces that are defending the King, and then exploiting this weakness to attack the King. While it's important to play on the offensive, it's equally as important to understand your opponent's strategy, so that you can properly defend against their attempts to capture your own King.

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Which Super Bowl Halftime Show performer was upstaged by a dancing shark?

Katy Perry.

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Given this paragraph about history of China, what is the name of the river that nurtured China's civilization.

The history of the area now known as China has alternated between periods of prosperity, political unity, and peace and periods of war and statehood. The Yellow River nurtured China's civilization. Between eras of multiple kingdoms and warlordism, Chinese dynasties have ruled parts or all of China; in some eras control stretched as far as Xinjiang, Tibet and Inner Mongolia, as at present. The regions were occupied by other people-groups; often, non-settled peoples of the steppe identified as Mongolic, Turkic and Khitan. With thousands of years of continuous history, China is among the world's oldest civilizations and is regarded as one of the cradles of civilization.

The river nurtured China's civilization is named the Yellow River

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What is sphingosine?

Sphingosine (2-amino-4-trans-octadecene-1,3-diol) is an 18-carbon amino alcohol with an unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, which forms a primary part of sphingolipids, a class of cell membrane lipids that include sphingomyelin, an important phospholipid.

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Give me the list of books related with the series 'The Lord of the Rings', in order of publication

Here is the list of books related with the series 'The Lord of the Rings', in order of publication: 1. The Hobbit 2. The Fellowship of the Ring 3. The Two Towers 4. The Return of the King 5. The Silmarillion 6. Unfinished Tales of Numenor and Middle-earth 7. The Children of Hurin 8. Beren and Luthien 9. The Fall of Gondolin

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Write a positive Yelp review for a Chinese restaurant called Dim Sum Queen

We went to Dim Sum Queen for lunch today and absolutely loved it. The Xiao Long Bao was juicy and fresh, the pork buns were perfectly fluffy, and everything was so fast. Great ambiance as well, and lots of space for large groups. Definitely coming again!

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Who wrote the TV series Babylon5?

Babylon 5 is an American space opera television series created by writer and producer J. Michael Straczynski, under the Babylonian Productions label, in association with Straczynski's Synthetic Worlds Ltd. and Warner Bros. Domestic Television. After the successful airing of a test pilot movie on February 22, 1993, Babylon 5: The Gathering, Warner Bros. commissioned the series for production in May 1993 as part of its Prime Time Entertainment Network (PTEN). The show premiered in the US on January 26, 1994, and ran for five 22-episode seasons.

Babylon 5 is an American television series created by writer and producer J. Michael Straczynski.

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Given a reference text about the Driftwood River, tell me what main river it is part of.

The Driftwood River is a 15.5-mile-long (24.9 km) tributary of the East Fork of the White River in central Indiana in the United States. Via the White, Wabash and Ohio rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River. It is a short river, formed by the confluence of two longer streams a short distance upstream of its mouth. Course The Driftwood River is formed in southeastern Johnson County, 1 mile (1.6 km) west of Edinburgh, by the confluence of Sugar Creek and the Big Blue River. It flows generally southwardly through northwestern Bartholomew County to Columbus, where it joins the Flatrock River to form the East Fork of the White River. Near Edinburgh, IN, Driftwood River has a mean annual discharge of 1,210 cubic feet per second.[

The Driftwood River is part of the Mississippi River.

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Why can't I wake up early in the morning?

It is the problem of your geography. You just have to travel to a place that is a couple of hours behind your current timezone.

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In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Justman?

Benedict I Justman, known also as Benedict Rivers, Benedict the Bold, and Benedict the Just

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What are hiccups and why do we get them?

"Hiccup comes from the Latin phrase "to catch one's breath while sobbing". Hiccups are involuntary contractions of the diaphragm that produces a "hic" sound. The time between these "hics" can be erratic but are usually pretty consistant. Pregnant women have been known to say they can feel their unborn babies hiccuping in the womb. If you wait long enough hiccups usually just go away on their own. There are many "Folk cures" for hiccups. These are very varied. There are no real medical remedies. The more people you talk to the more varied these remedies are. Everyone seems to have their own unique remedy. Some of these include: head standing, drinking a glass of water upside-down, being frightened by someone, breathing into a bag, eating a large spoonful of peanut butter and placing sugar on or under the tongue and my favorite -Drinking through a straw with the ears plugged!

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Prince introduced his iconic symbol on the cover of which single?

1999.

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What is a pronoun?

A pronoun is word which is used to refer to something when a noun is not used. Examples of pronoun words are he, she, it, myself, herself, and himself. In a sentence you will see the pronoun used like this "John went the store to buy himself and apple and crackers." In this context John is a proper noun and the pronoun is himself which refers to John. Another way to consider a pronoun is that it is a less explicit or indirect reference to something.

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Given these paragraphs about Large language models, what is an LLM?

A large language model (LLM) is a language model consisting of a neural network with many parameters (typically billions of weights or more), trained on large quantities of unlabelled text using self-supervised learning. LLMs emerged around 2018 and perform well at a wide variety of tasks. This has shifted the focus of natural language processing research away from the previous paradigm of training specialized supervised models for specific tasks. Properties Though the term large language model has no formal definition, it often refers to deep learning models having a parameter count on the order of billions or more. LLMs are general purpose models which excel at a wide range of tasks, as opposed to being trained for one specific task (such as sentiment analysis, named entity recognition, or mathematical reasoning). The skill with which they accomplish tasks, and the range of tasks at which they are capable, seems to be a function of the amount of resources (data, parameter-size, computing power) devoted to them, in a way that is not dependent on additional breakthroughs in design. Though trained on simple tasks along the lines of predicting the next word in a sentence, neural language models with sufficient training and parameter counts are found to capture much of the syntax and semantics of human language. In addition, large language models demonstrate considerable general knowledge about the world, and are able to "memorize" a great quantity of facts during training. Hallucinations Main article: Hallucination (artificial intelligence) In artificial intelligence in general, and in large language models in particular, a "hallucination" is a confident response that does not seem to be justified by the model's training data. Emergent abilities On a number of natural language benchmarks involving tasks such as question answering, models perform no better than random chance until they reach a certain scale (in this case, measured by training computation), at which point their performance sharply increases. These are examples of emergent abilities. Unpredictable abilities that have been observed in large language models but that were not present in simpler models (and that were not explicitly designed into the model) are usually called "emergent abilities". Researchers note that such abilities "cannot be predicted simply by extrapolating the performance of smaller models". These abilities are discovered rather than programmed-in or designed, in some cases only after the LLM has been publicly deployed. Hundreds of emergent abilities have been described. Examples include multi-step arithmetic, taking college-level exams, identifying the intended meaning of a word, chain-of-thought prompting, decoding the International Phonetic Alphabet, unscrambling a word’s letters, identifying offensive content in paragraphs of Hinglish (a combination of Hindi and English), and generating a similar English equivalent of Kiswahili proverbs. Architecture and training Large language models have most commonly used the transformer architecture, which, since 2018, has become the standard deep learning technique for sequential data (previously, recurrent architectures such as the LSTM were most common). LLMs are trained in an unsupervised manner on unannotated text. A left-to-right transformer is trained to maximize the probability assigned to the next word in the training data, given the previous context. Alternatively, an LLM may use a bidirectional transformer (as in the example of BERT), which assigns a probability distribution over words given access to both preceding and following context. In addition to the task of predicting the next word or "filling in the blanks", LLMs may be trained on auxiliary tasks which test their understanding of the data distribution such as Next Sentence Prediction (NSP), in which pairs of sentences are presented and the model must predict whether they appear side-by-side in the training corpus. The earliest LLMs were trained on corpora having on the order of billions of words. The first model in OpenAI's GPT series was trained in 2018 on BookCorpus, consisting of 985 million words. In the same year, BERT was trained on a combination of BookCorpus and English Wikipedia, totalling 3.3 billion words. In the years since then, training corpora for LLMs have increased by orders of magnitude, reaching up to hundreds of billions or trillions of tokens. LLMs are computationally expensive to train. A 2020 study estimated the cost of training a 1.5 billion parameter model (1-2 orders of magnitude smaller than the state of the art at the time) at $1.6 million. A 2020 analysis found that neural language models' capability (as measured by training loss) increased smoothly in a power law relationship with number of parameters, quantity of training data, and computation used for training. These relationships were tested over a wide range of values (up to seven orders of magnitude) and no attenuation of the relationship was observed at the highest end of the range (including for network sizes up to trillions of parameters). Application to downstream tasks Between 2018 and 2020, the standard method for harnessing an LLM for a specific natural language processing (NLP) task was to fine tune the model with additional task-specific training. It has subsequently been found that more powerful LLMs such as GPT-3 can solve tasks without additional training via "prompting" techniques, in which the problem to be solved is presented to the model as a text prompt, possibly with some textual examples of similar problems and their solutions. Fine-tuning Main article: Fine-tuning (machine learning) Fine-tuning is the practice of modifying an existing pretrained language model by training it (in a supervised fashion) on a specific task (e.g. sentiment analysis, named entity recognition, or part-of-speech tagging). It is a form of transfer learning. It generally involves the introduction of a new set of weights connecting the final layer of the language model to the output of the downstream task. The original weights of the language model may be "frozen", such that only the new layer of weights connecting them to the output are learned during training. Alternatively, the original weights may receive small updates (possibly with earlier layers frozen). Prompting See also: Prompt engineering and Few-shot learning (natural language processing) In the prompting paradigm, popularized by GPT-3, the problem to be solved is formulated via a text prompt, which the model must solve by providing a completion (via inference). In "few-shot prompting", the prompt includes a small number of examples of similar (problem, solution) pairs. For example, a sentiment analysis task of labelling the sentiment of a movie review could be prompted as follows: Review: This movie stinks. Sentiment: negative Review: This movie is fantastic! Sentiment: If the model outputs "positive", then it has correctly solved the task. In zero-shot prompting, no solve examples are provided. An example of a zero-shot prompt for the same sentiment analysis task would be "The sentiment associated with the movie review 'This movie is fantastic!' is". Few-shot performance of LLMs has been shown to achieve competitive results on NLP tasks, sometimes surpassing prior state-of-the-art fine-tuning approaches. Examples of such NLP tasks are translation, question answering, cloze tasks, unscrambling words, and using a novel word in a sentence. The creation and optimisation of such prompts is called prompt engineering. Instruction tuning Instruction tuning is a form of fine-tuning designed to facilitate more natural and accurate zero-shot prompting interactions. Given a text input, a pretrained language model will generate a completion which matches the distribution of text on which it was trained. A naive language model given the prompt "Write an essay about the main themes of Hamlet." might provide a completion such as "A late penalty of 10% per day will be applied to submissions received after March 17." In instruction tuning, the language model is trained on many examples of tasks formulated as natural language instructions, along with appropriate responses. Various techniques for instruction tuning have been applied in practice. OpenAI's InstructGPT protocol involves supervised fine-tuning on a dataset of human-generated (prompt, response) pairs, followed by reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), in which a reward function was learned based on a dataset of human preferences. Another technique, "self-instruct", fine-tunes the language model on a training set of examples which are themselves generated by an LLM (bootstrapped from a small initial set of human-generated examples). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Large_language_model

A large language model (LLM) is a language model consisting of a neural network with many parameters (typically billions of weights or more), trained on large quantities of unlabelled text using self-supervised learning.

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How many different Star Trek television series and movies were there in total?

In total, there were 21 when you add both the eight television series and 13 movies.

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What is the best thing about being a manager?

Many people find that their favorite part about people management is playing an important role in another person's personal and professional development. Knowing that you are contributing to someone's growth in a meaningful way can be very fulfilling. To help someone grow, you need to establish trust and be able to have very honest, and sometimes difficult, conversations with them. This often creates a deep connection and can give you a clear signal that you are really making a difference in someone's life.

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When did Massachusetts become a state?

Massachusetts became a state on February 6, 1788.

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What type of effect does Coffee have on humans?

"Coffee is a beverage prepared from roasted coffee beans. Darkly colored, bitter, and slightly acidic, coffee has a stimulating effect on humans, primarily due to its caffeine content. It has the highest sales in the world market for hot drinks. Seeds of the Coffee plant's fruits are separated to produce un-roasted green coffee beans. The beans are roasted and then ground into fine particles that are typically steeped in hot water before being filtered out, producing a cup of coffee. It is usually served hot, although chilled or iced coffee is common. Coffee can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways (e.g., espresso, French press, caffè latte, or already-brewed canned coffee). Sugar, sugar substitutes, milk, and cream are often used to mask the bitter taste or enhance the flavor."

Coffee has a stimulating effect on humans, primarily due to its caffeine content.

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Based on this passage, what is the median number of people per family in Zangisheh?

Zangisheh (Persian: زنگيشه, also Romanized as Zangīsheh) is a village in Qarah Su Rural District, in the Central District of Kermanshah County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 153, in 34 families.

This passage does not give enough information to conclude what the median number of people per family in Zangisheh is as it only mentions the total population and number of families. We could calculate the arithmetic mean of the number of people per family from this information by dividing the total number of people by the number of families, but the information in the passage is not sufficient to determine the median number of people per family.

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How to tell if someone told a good joke?

You can tell if someone said a good joke if it makes a person laugh or giggle after it was communicated. You can also tell if a good joke was said by an audience reaction to the joke, if they cheer, or if they boo. Booing is a sign the joke was not so good, and cheering is a sign the joke was good. A reaction of silence to a joke means the joke was not understood. If you or an audience don't understand the context of joke make sure to ask for clarification so you can take part in cheering or booing depending on how you respond to it.

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List the seven episode titles from the seventh season of "Game of Thrones" in broadcast order.

Dragonstone, Stormborn, The Queen's Justice, The Spoils of War, Eastwatch, Beyond the Wall, The Dragon and the Wolf

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Given these paragraphs about the Tesla bot, what kind of tasks is it expected to perform?

Optimus, also known as Tesla Bot, is a conceptual general-purpose robotic humanoid under development by Tesla, Inc. It was announced at the company's Artificial Intelligence (AI) Day event on August 19, 2021. CEO Elon Musk claimed during the event that Tesla would likely build a prototype by 2022. Musk is on record having said that he thinks Optimus "has the potential to be more significant than the vehicle business over time." Tesla Bot is planned to measure 5 ft 8 in (173 cm) tall and weigh 125 lb (57 kg). According to the presentation made during the first AI Day event, a Tesla Bot will be "controlled by the same AI system Tesla is developing for the advanced driver-assistance system used in its cars" and have a carrying capacity of 45 lb (20 kg). Proposed tasks for the product are ones that are "dangerous, repetitive and boring", such as providing manufacturing assistance. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optimus_(robot)

Proposed tasks for the Tesla Bot are ones that are "dangerous, repetitive and boring", such as providing manufacturing assistance.

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What color do most people perceive the sky to be on a sunny day?

Most people perceive the sky to be blue on a sunny day.

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How does Spark relate to Apache Hadoop?

Spark is a fast and general processing engine compatible with Hadoop data. It can run in Hadoop clusters through YARN or Spark's standalone mode, and it can process data in HDFS, HBase, Cassandra, Hive, and any Hadoop InputFormat. It is designed to perform both batch processing (similar to MapReduce) and new workloads like streaming, interactive queries, and machine learning.

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Given this paragraph about the Southwestern United States, name the largest cities in that area

The Southwestern United States, also known as the American Southwest or simply the Southwest, is a geographic and cultural region of the United States. Its exact boundaries are not officially defined, but attempts to do so generally include Arizona and New Mexico as the core of the region. Adjacent portions of California, Colorado, Nevada, and Utah are also sometimes included. Oklahoma and Texas may also be included, particularly the trans-pecos "horn" portion of the state(i.e. the far western extension of the state of the state south of the New Mexico border, but west and north of the Pecos and Rio Gande Rivers). The largest cities by metropolitan area are Phoenix, Las Vegas, El Paso, Albuquerque, and Tucson. Before 1848, in the historical region of Santa Fe de Nuevo México as well as parts of Alta California and Coahuila y Tejas, settlement was almost non-existent outside of Nuevo México's Pueblos and Spanish or Mexican municipalities. Much of the area had been a part of New Spain and Mexico until the United States acquired the area through the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848 and the smaller Gadsden Purchase in 1854.

The largest cities in the Southwestern United States are Phoenix, Las Vegas, El Paso, Albuquerque, and Tucson.

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What does the acronym MEDDPICC stand for?

MEDDPICC is a sales acronym that stands for Metric, Economic Buyer, Decision Criteria, Decision Process, Paper Process, Identified Pain, Champion and Competition. MEDDPICC is leveraged as a methodology and can be applied to any complex sales process. Sales Managers will use MEDDPICC to inspect deals to determine if the deal is committable for a particular quarter.

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When did the Netherlands host the Summer Olympics?

The Netherlands hosted the Summer Olympics in 1928.

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what is the difference between a tale and a tail

tale is a noun referencing narration events vs a tail could be rear end of an animal

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Given this paragraph about the first tour de france, who won the first race

The first Tour de France was staged in 1903. The plan was a five-stage race from 31 May to 5 July, starting in Paris and stopping in Lyon, Marseille, Bordeaux, and Nantes before returning to Paris. Toulouse was added later to break the long haul across southern France from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic. Stages would go through the night and finish next afternoon, with rest days before riders set off again. But this proved too daunting and the costs too great for most and only 15 competitors had entered. Desgrange had never been wholly convinced and he came close to dropping the idea. Instead, he cut the length to 19 days, changed the dates to 1 to 19 July, and offered a daily allowance to those who averaged at least 20 kilometres per hour (12 mph) on all the stages, equivalent to what a rider would have expected to earn each day had he worked in a factory. He also cut the entry fee from 20 to 10 francs and set the first prize at 12,000 francs and the prize for each day's winner at 3,000 francs. The winner would thereby win six times what most workers earned in a year. That attracted between 60 and 80 entrants – the higher number may have included serious inquiries and some who dropped out – among them not just professionals but amateurs, some unemployed, and some simply adventurous. Desgrange seems not to have forgotten the Dreyfus Affair that launched his race and raised the passions of his backers. He announced his new race on 1 July 1903 by citing the writer Émile Zola, whose open letter J'Accuse…! led to Dreyfus's acquittal, establishing the florid style he used henceforth. The first Tour de France started almost outside the Café Reveil-Matin at the junction of the Melun and Corbeil roads in the village of Montgeron. It was waved away by the starter, Georges Abran, at 3:16 p.m. on 1 July 1903. L'Auto hadn't featured the race on its front page that morning.[n 3] Among the competitors were the eventual winner, Maurice Garin, his well-built rival Hippolyte Aucouturier, the German favourite Josef Fischer, and a collection of adventurers, including one competing as "Samson".[n 4] Many riders dropped out of the race after completing the initial stages, as the physical effort the tour required was just too much. Only a mere 24 entrants remained at the end of the fourth stage. The race finished on the edge of Paris at Ville d'Avray, outside the Restaurant du Père Auto, before a ceremonial ride into Paris and several laps of the Parc des Princes. Garin dominated the race, winning the first and last two stages, at 25.68 kilometres per hour (15.96 mph). The last rider, Millocheau, finished 64h 47m 22s behind him. L'Auto's mission was accomplished, as circulation of the publication doubled throughout the race, making the race something much larger than Desgrange had ever hoped for.

The first race in 1903 was won by Maurice Garin, over his rival Hippolyte Aucouturier

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What is the origin of man?

Humans (Homo sapiens) are the most common and widespread species of primate in the great ape family Hominidae, and also the most common species of primate overall. Humans are broadly characterized by their bipedalism and high intelligence. Humans' large brain and resulting cognitive skills have allowed them to thrive in a variety of environments and develop complex societies and civilizations. Humans are highly social and tend to live in complex social structures composed of many cooperating and competing groups, from families and kinship networks to political states. As such, social interactions between humans have established a wide variety of values, social norms, languages, and rituals, each of which bolsters human society. The desire to understand and influence phenomena has motivated humanity's development of science, technology, philosophy, mythology, religion, and other conceptual frameworks. Although some scientists equate the term "humans" with all members of the genus Homo, in common usage it generally refers to Homo sapiens, the only extant member. Anatomically modern humans emerged around 300,000 years ago in Africa, evolving from Homo heidelbergensis or a similar species and migrating out of Africa, gradually replacing or interbreeding with local populations of archaic humans. For most of history, humans were nomadic hunter-gatherers. Humans began exhibiting behavioral modernity about 160,000–60,000 years ago. The Neolithic Revolution, which began in Southwest Asia around 13,000 years ago (and separately in a few other places), saw the emergence of agriculture and permanent human settlement. As populations became larger and denser, forms of governance developed within and between communities, and a number of civilizations have risen and fallen. Humans have continued to expand, with a global population of over 8 billion as of 2022. Genes and the environment influence human biological variation in visible characteristics, physiology, disease susceptibility, mental abilities, body size, and life span. Though humans vary in many traits (such as genetic predispositions and physical features), any two humans are at least 99% genetically similar. Humans are sexually dimorphic: generally, males have greater body strength and females have a higher body fat percentage. At puberty, humans develop secondary sexual characteristics. Females are capable of pregnancy, usually between puberty, at around 12 years old, and menopause, around the age of 50. Humans are omnivorous, capable of consuming a wide variety of plant and animal material, and have used fire and other forms of heat to prepare and cook food since the time of Homo erectus. Humans can survive for up to eight weeks without food and three or four days without water. Humans are generally diurnal, sleeping on average seven to nine hours per day. Childbirth is dangerous, with a high risk of complications and death. Often, both the mother and the father provide care for their children, who are helpless at birth. Humans have a large, highly developed, and complex prefrontal cortex, the region of the brain associated with higher cognition. Humans are highly intelligent, capable of episodic memory, have flexible facial expressions, self-awareness, and a theory of mind. The human mind is capable of introspection, private thought, imagination, volition, and forming views on existence. This has allowed great technological advancements and complex tool development to be possible through complex reasoning and the transmission of knowledge to subsequent generations. Language, art, and trade are defining characteristics of humans. Long-distance trade routes might have led to cultural explosions and resource distribution that gave humans an advantage over other similar species.

Homo sapiens Anatomically modern humans emerged around 300,000 years ago in Africa, evolving from Homo heidelbergensis or a similar species and migrating out of Africa, gradually replacing or interbreeding with local populations of archaic humans. For most of history, humans were nomadic hunter-gatherers.

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Can you sort the following letters alphabetically: d, h, a, f and y?

Yes, here is those letters in sorted in alphabetical order : a, d, f, h, y

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Who is Octavia Butler?

Octavia Estelle Butler (June 22, 1947 – February 24, 2006) was an American science fiction author and a multiple recipient of the Hugo and Nebula awards. In 1995, Butler became the first science-fiction writer to receive a MacArthur Fellowship. Born in Pasadena, California, Butler was raised by her widowed mother. Extremely shy as a child, Butler found an outlet at the library reading fantasy, and in writing. She began writing science fiction as a teenager. She attended community college during the Black Power movement. While participating in a local writer's workshop, she was encouraged to attend the Clarion Workshop, then held in Pennsylvania, which focused on science fiction.

Octavia Butler was a black Hugo and Nebula awards winning science fiction author from Pasadena, California.

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Why do people love the FIFA world cup?

The FIFA world cup is loved by all because it is the one sporting event that brings national communities to rally around a common sport. Futbol (football) or soccer as it is known in the United States has a way to unite and nations and cheer for their favorite national team. It is arguably the one sport that has an equal playing field. All one needs is a ball and players for any to play.

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What does the Latin phrase mea culpa mean in English?

Mea culpa means “my fault” in English.

open_qa

Who was declared as Person of the Year by Time Magazine in 2019?

Greta Thunberg, Swedish environmental activist who is known for challenging world leaders to take immediate action for climate change mitigation.

open_qa

What are the features offered by Github Copilot?

When provided with a programming problem in natural language, Codex is capable of generating solution code. It is also able to describe input code in English and translate code between programming languages. According to its website, GitHub Copilot includes assistive features for programmers, such as the conversion of code comments to runnable code and autocomplete for chunks of code, repetitive sections of code, and entire methods and/or functions. GitHub reports that Copilot’s autocomplete feature is accurate roughly half of the time; with some Python function header code, for example, Copilot correctly autocompleted the rest of the function body code 43% of the time on the first try and 57% of the time after ten attempts. GitHub states that Copilot’s features allow programmers to navigate unfamiliar coding frameworks and languages by reducing the amount of time users spend reading documentation.

GitHub Copilot includes assistive features for programmers, such as the conversion of code comments to runnable code and autocomplete for chunks of code, repetitive sections of code, and entire methods and/or functions.

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Who is the best surfer in the world

Robert Kelly Slater (born February 11, 1972) is an American professional surfer, best known for being crowned World Surf League champion a record 11 times. Slater is widely regarded as the greatest professional surfer of all time, and holds 56 Championship Tour victories. Slater is also the oldest surfer still active on the World Surf League, winning his 8th Billabong Pipeline Masters title at age 49.

Kelly Slater

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Given these paragraphs about Natural hydrogen, what is another name for it that distinguishes from other forms of hydrogen?

Natural hydrogen (known as white hydrogen), is naturally occurring molecular hydrogen on or in Earth (as opposed to hydrogen produced in the laboratory or in industry). The name white hydrogen distinguishes it from green hydrogen, which is produced from renewable energy sources, and from grey, brown or black hydrogen, which is obtained from fossil sources or from the electrolysis of water. Natural hydrogen may be renewable, non-polluting and allows for lower cost operation compared to industrial hydrogen. Natural hydrogen has been identified in many source rocks in areas beyond the sedimentary basins where oil companies typically operate. Origin of natural hydrogen There are several sources of natural hydrogen: - degassing of deep hydrogen from the Earth's crust and mantle; - reaction of water with ultrabasic rocks (serpentinisation); - contact of water with reducing agents in the Earth's mantle; - interaction of water with freshly exposed rock surfaces (weathering); - decomposition of hydroxyl ions in the structure of minerals; - Natural radiolysis of water; - decomposition of organic matter; - biological activity - Extraction - Natural hydrogen is extracted from wells, mixed with other gases such as nitrogen or helium. Several sources have been identified in France. Geologists Alain Prinzhofer and Eric Derville have demonstrated the existence of large reservoirs in a dozen countries, including Mali and the United States. However, their potential remains difficult to assess. Numerous emanations on the ocean floor have been identified but are difficult to exploit. The discovery of a significant emergence in Russia in 2008 suggests the possibility of extracting native hydrogen in geological environments. Geology Natural hydrogen is generated continuously from a variety of natural sources. There are many known hydrogen emergences on mid-ocean ridges. Another of the known reactions, serpentinisation, occurs under the sea floor (in the oceanic crust). Diagenetic origin (iron oxidation) in the sedimentary basins of cratons, notably in Russia. Other sources are being explored, such as mantle hydrogen, or hydrogen from radiolysis (natural electrolysis) or from bacterial activity. In France, the Alps and Pyrenees are suitable for exploitation. New Caledonia has hyperalkaline sources that show dihydrogen emissions. A large accumulation of natural hydrogen was discovered in Bourakebougou (Mali). Characteristics Dihydrogen is very soluble in fresh water, especially at depth (solubility increases with pressure). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_hydrogen

White hydrogen

closed_qa

What is a circle?

A circle is a geometric shape. It is primarily defined by a center point, and a circumference around that point at a fixed radius. What differs a circle from other shapes is that it does not have any edges.

open_qa

What does democratizing data mean?

Making data accessible to all people and educating people on how to work with data, no matter their technical background.

open_qa

How do you prepare lentil soup?

There are many ways to prepare lentil soup. However a common method involves cooking onions, celery, and carrots in olive oil for several minutes. Then you would add aromatics, such as garlic and spices, and cook for a minute. Then you would add lentils and broth (or water) and bring to a simmer. The soup should simmer for at least 30 minutes until the lentils are fully cooked. Once finished cooking, you would garnish the soup with croutons, herbs, or drizzle with oil.

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which side of the road you can drive in the UK?

In the UK, you are driving on the left side of the road, however, the driver is sitting on the right side of the car.

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What was the first credit card

Diners Club

open_qa

Which Alanis Morissette song contains the phrase "jagged little pill" (the title of her debut album)?

"You learn".

open_qa

Panchatantra stories were written by

Panchatantra stories were written by Kautilya in Sanskrit. The stories are about animals and humans living together in harmony. They teach valuable lessons about justice, compassion, and loyalty.

open_qa

In the series A Song of Ice and Fire, who is the founder of House Banefort?

The name nor identity of the Banefort house's founder is unknown. They are only referred to as The Hooded Man.

open_qa

What is the weather like in Seattle?

Seattle weather is gray and rainy for the majority of the year. This temperate climate contributes to lush green spaces and landscapes in and around the city. It tends to be sunny and incredibly beautiful during summer, especially from July through September. For many residents, this makes living in Seattle for the rest of the year worth it! Unfortunately, wildfire smoke has been a significant issue in recent years during the summer months. It rarely snows in Seattle, but when it does, the city tends to shut down due to a lack of infrastructure to handle snow and ice across the hilly geography.

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Who is Marika Labancz

Marika Labancz (born 23 July 1978) is a Hungarian alpine skier. She competed in the women's slalom at the 1998 Winter Olympics.

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