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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actress is an award presented annually at the Hong Kong Film Awards (HKFA). It is given to honour an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance in a Hong Kong film. The 1st Hong Kong Film Awards ceremony was held in 1982, with no formal nomination procedure established; the award was given to Kara Hui for her role in \"My Young Auntie\". After the first award ceremony, a nomination system was put in place whereby no more than five nominations are made for each category and each entry is selected through two rounds of voting. Firstly, prospective nominees are marked with a weight of 50% each from HKFA voters and a hundred professional adjudicators, contributing towards a final score with which the top five nominees advance to the second round of voting. The winner is then selected via a scoring process where 55% of the vote comes from 55 professional adjudicators, 25% from representatives of the Hong Kong Performing Artistes Guild and 20% from all other HKFA Executive Committee Members.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Vicky Wong Wai-kit ( ) is a Hong Kong film director. He co-directed the 2016 film \"Trivisa\" produced by Hong Kong film director Johnnie To and screen writer Yau Nai Hoi. Trivisa has won numerous awards including Best Screenplay, Best Editing, Best Actor, Best Director and Best Picture at the 36th Hong Kong Film Awards, Best film at the Hong Kong Film Critics Society Award. Vicky was also nominated for Best New Director at the 53th Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The Hong Kong Film Award for Best Director is an award presented annually at the Hong Kong Film Awards (HKFA).  It is given to honour the best director of a Hong Kong film. The 1st Hong Kong Film Awards ceremony was held in 1982, with no formal nomination procedure established; the award was given to Allen Fong for his direction of \"Father and Son.\" After the first award ceremony, a nomination system was put in place whereby no more than five nominations are made for each category and each entry is selected through two rounds of voting. Firstly, prospective nominees are marked with a weight of 50% each from HKFA voters and a hundred professional adjudicators, contributing towards a final score with which the top five nominees advance to the second round of voting. The winner is then selected via a scoring process where 55% of the vote comes from 55 professional adjudicators, 25% from representatives of the Hong Kong Film Directors' Guild and 20% from all other HKFA Executive Committee Members.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Trouble Maker () is a 1995 joint Taiwan and Hong Kong romance comedy film directed by Taiwanese director Kevin Chu and produced by Hong Kong director Wong Jing. Starring Taiwanese actor singer Takeshi Kaneshiro, Hong Kong actor Ng Man-tat, Hong Kong actress Athena Chu and Taiwanese child actor Steven Hao Shao Wen. The Hong Kong Chinese title 蠟筆小小生 translates as \"Crayon Siao Siao San\" which is derived from the popular Japanese manga \"Crayon Shin-chan\" about a mischievous little boy. The movie was first released in Taiwan under the title \"Fart King 臭屁王\". The movie was renamed and dubbed in Cantonese for all the Taiwanese actors to cater to the Hong Kong audiences. Hong Kong actors Ng Man-tat, Athena Chu and Gabriel Wong Yat-San (known by his nickname \"Small Turtle\") filmed their lines in Cantonese which was dubbed over by an actor for the Mandarin version. The movie was released in Taiwan on 25 March 1995 and then a week later on 1 April 1995 in Hong Kong.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Young Policemen in Love () is a 1995 joint Taiwan and Hong Kong action comedy film directed by Taiwanese director Kevin Chu and produced by Hong Kong director Wong Jing. Starring Taiwanese actor singer Takeshi Kaneshiro, Nicky Wu and Hong Kong actress singer Charlie Yeung. The Hong Kong Chinese title 新紮師兄追女仔 literally translate as \"Moving Targets Chasing Girls\". The movie was first released in Taiwan under the title \"Student Men 逃學戰警\". The movie was renamed and dubbed in Cantonese to cater to the Hong Kong audiences.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Becky Lam (林碧琪) is a Hong Kong actress. She won the Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actress at the 2nd Hong Kong Film Awards.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Slim till Dead () (Orig. Sul sun) is a 2005 Hong Kong film directed by Marco Mak and stars Anthony Wong and Cherrie Ying.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Miriam Yeung (born 3 February 1974) is a Hong Kong actress and singer. Before entering the entertainment business, she was a registered nurse at the Princess Margaret Hospital in Hong Kong. She studied at the Holy Family Canossian College Kowloon. She began her career as a singer and actress after coming third in the TVB 14th annual New Talent Singing Awards competition in 1995. In 2012, Yeung won the Best Actress Award at the 32nd Hong Kong Film Awards for \"Love in the Buff\". In 2005, she was elected one of the Ten Outstanding Young Persons of Hong Kong.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: 92 Legendary La Rose Noire is a 1992 Hong Kong comedy film written and directed by Jeffrey Lau and starring Tony Leung, Maggie Shiu, Teresa Mo, Wong Wan-sze and Fung Bo Bo. The film was nominated for eight awards at the 12th Hong Kong Film Awards, where Leung won his second Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actor and Fung won her first Hong Kong Film Award for Best Supporting Actress. \"92 Legendary La Rose Noire\" was ranked number 75 of the Best 100 Chinese Motion Pictures at the 24th Hong Kong Film Awards. The film was followed two sequels, one released in 1993 titled \"Rose Rose I Love You\", where Leung reprises his role but features a new storyline, and another released in 1997 confusingly titled \"Black Rose II\", also featuring a new storyline and different cast." ]

[ "Passage 7" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The Enriquillo–Plantain Garden fault zone (EPGFZ or EPGZ) is a system of coaxial left lateral-moving strike slip faults which runs along the southern side of the island of Hispaniola, where Haiti and the Dominican Republic are located. The EPGFZ is named for Lake Enriquillo in the Dominican Republic where the fault zone emerges, and extends across the southern portion of Hispaniola through the Caribbean to the region of the Plantain Garden River in Jamaica.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Jamaica ( ) is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea, consisting of the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles. The island, 10,990 sqkm in area, lies about 145 km south of Cuba, and 191 km west of Hispaniola (the island containing the countries of Haiti and the Dominican Republic). Jamaica is the fourth-largest island country in the Caribbean, by area.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The wildlife of Haiti is important to the country because of its biodiversity. According to the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, Haiti is considered to be \"one of the most biologically significant countries of the West Indies\". With an estimated 5,600 plant species on the island of Hispaniola, some of which only occur in Haiti, 36% are considered as endemic to the island. A mountainous area country, it is situated in the western three-eighths of Hispaniola and shares a border with the Dominican Republic. There are nine life zones, from low desert to high cloud forests, as well as four mountain ranges, and hundreds of rivers and streams and the coral reefs in the seas that surround the islands. Issues of environmental damage, expanding population, deforestion and erosion are of concern; less than 2% of the original forest remains on account of deforestation. This degradation is traced from the 17th century to 19th century starting with the French colonization of the Haiti and population explosion during the 20th century and for the purpose of forestry and sugar-related industries, degraded the forests. and the environment.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The Haitian Revolution provoked mixed reactions in the United States. In June 1793 when the Haitian people, led by Toussaint Louverture, overthrew the French colonial rule and declared themselves an independent colony, it made the neighboring United States uneasy. The slaves in Saint-Domingue’s were able to observe the growing disunity among the white colonists and themselves. They realized that they would need to seek an opportunity to stop the tyranny that was being placed upon them, thus they took a stand and revolted. The Haitian Revolution of 1804 impacted the United States of America, led by Thomas Jefferson, instilling fear of racial instability in the US, and the possible problematic effect the revolution could have on the early foreign relations and trade between the US and the new independent Haiti. Thomas Jefferson realized that the Haitian Revolution had the potential to cause an upheaval against slavery in the US not only by the slaves themselves, but by white abolitionists as well. Southern slaveholders feared that the revolt might spread from the island of Hispaniola to the slave plantations of the Southern United States. The primary goal of the US was to maintain social order in the country, so the United States attempted to suppress the Haitian Revolution. The US even went as far as to refuse acknowledgement of Haitian independence until 1862, which was during the heat of the North American civil war; coincidentally the main causal factor for the war between the states was slavery. The second major impact that the Haitian Revolution had on the United States was on early foreign relations and trade that had been conducted with Haiti. The United States had conducted trade and commerce with the Haitian island under French rule during the eighteenth century. Haiti was the main producer of the United States supply of sugar and coffee, and once the Haitian slave population had broken from slavery, the US was reluctant to continue trade with them in fear that they would upset the French and the Southern slaveholders. American merchants conducted a substantial trade with the plantations on Hispaniola (aka the French colony of Saint Domingue or Haiti). But there were anti-slavery advocates in northern cities who believed that consistency with the principles of the American Revolution — life, liberty and equality for all—demanded that the U.S. support the slave insurgents. An extremely beneficial aspect and real estate triumph that resulted from the Haitian Revolution and impacted the United States was the Louisiana Purchase. Once Napoleon had lost his control of the land holding in the Caribbean to the Haitian rebellion, he felt that the French territory in the southern part of the United States was useless to the French Empire. The US was only interested in the New Orleans area; however, the revolution enabled the sale of the entire territory west of the Mississippi River for around $15 million. This purchase more than doubled the United States’ territory.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Hispaniola (Spanish: \"La Española\"; Latin: \"Hispaniola\"; Taíno: \"Haiti/Quisqueya\") is the 22nd-largest island in the world, located in the Caribbean island group, the Greater Antilles. It is the second largest island in the Caribbean after Cuba, and the most populous island in the Caribbean; the eleventh most populous island in the world.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Jamaica is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea, consisting of the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles. The island, 10,990 sqkm in area, lies about 145 km south of Cuba, and 191 km west of Hispaniola (the island containing the nation-states of Haiti and the Dominican Republic). Jamaica is the fourth-largest island country in the Caribbean, by area.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Léogâne (Haitian Creole: \"Leyogàn\" ) is a coastal commune in Ouest, Haiti. It is located in the eponymous arrondissement, the Léogâne Arrondissement. The port town is located about 29 km West of the Haitian capital, Port-au-Prince. Léogâne has a rich and unique culture, especially with regard to the arts, music, literature, cuisine, and architecture. It also holds importance for archaeological and ancient sites such as Fort Campan, and one of the most ancient windmills in the western hemisphere is located in Baussan Léogâne. The town was at the epicenter of the 12 January 2010 earthquake, and was catastrophically affected, with 80-90% of buildings damaged. It also had been destroyed in an earthquake in 1770. At the time of the arrival of the Europeans in 1492, Yaguana—modern-day Léogâne—was the capital of Jaragua, one of the five chiefdoms on the island of Hispaniola. This province was the last independent holdout during the Spanish conquest of Hispaniola until their leader Queen Anacaona was captured and killed by the Spaniards in 1503. The French secured legal access to one-third of the island from the Spanish crown by the Treaty of Ryswick in 1697 and established a city in Yaguana and renamed it Léogâne. In 1803, during the Haitian Revolution Jean-Jacques Dessalines ordered his men to burn the town to the ground to force out the last of the French colonists.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The Septentrional-Orient fault zone (SOFZ) is a system of coaxial left lateral-moving strike slip faults which runs along the northern side of the island of Hispaniola where Haiti and the Dominican Republic are located. The SOFZ shares approximately half of the relative motion between the North American and Caribbean tectonic plates with the Enriquillo-Plantain Garden fault zone which runs along the southern side of Hispaniola. Both faults merge into the Cayman Trench to the west. Some researchers believe that the Enriquillo-Plantain Garden fault zone and the SOFZ bound a microplate, dubbed the Gonâve Microplate, a 190000 km2 area of the northern Caribbean Plate that is in the process of shearing off the Caribbean Plate and accreting to the North America Plate." ]

[]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Martial Masters ( \"Xíngyìqúan\"; Japanese name: シンイーケン, \"Shin-Ī Ken\") is an arcade fighting game developed by IGS and released in 1999. The setting and characters draw inspiration from Hong Kong martial arts films, specifically Once Upon a Time in China, Drunken Master and Operation Scorpio. The game is highly reminiscent of Capcom's fighting games of the mid to late 1990s for its impressive 2D visual and fluid animation with mechanics very similar to those of \"Street Fighter III\". \"Martial Masters\" is IGS's third arcade 2D fighting game, with \"Alien Challenge\" being their first, \"Killing Blade\" their second, and \"Spectral vs. Generation\" being their fourth (in collaboration with Idea Factory).\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Once Upon a Time in China II is a 1992 Hong Kong martial arts film written and directed by Tsui Hark, and starring Jet Li as Chinese folk hero Wong Fei-hung. It is the second instalment in the \"Once Upon a Time in China\" film series. The iconic theme song, \"A Man Should Better Himself\" (男兒當自強), was performed in Cantonese by George Lam at the beginning of the film, and by Jackie Chan in the end credits. (Chan also sang the Mandarin version.)\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The Shaolin Temple is a 1982 Hong Kong-Chinese martial arts film directed by Chang Hsin Yen and starring Jet Li in his debut role (though his name is misspelled in the credits as Jet Lee). The film is based on the Shaolin Monastery in China and depicts Shaolin Kung Fu. The film was the first Hong Kong production to be filmed in mainland China.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Once Upon a Time in China is a 1991 Hong Kong martial arts film written and directed by Tsui Hark, starring Jet Li as Chinese folk hero Wong Fei-hung. It is the first installment in the \"Once Upon a Time in China\" film series.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Master (traditional Chinese: 龍行天下) is a 1989 Hong Kong martial arts film written, produced and directed by Tsui Hark, and starring Jet Li, Yuen Wah, Crystal Kwok and Jerry Trimble. The project was filmed in 1989, but it was not released until 1992 when the success of \"Once Upon a Time in China\" made Li a major action star.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The New Legend of Shaolin (; released in the United Kingdom as Legend of the Red Dragon) is a 1994 Hong Kong martial arts film directed by Wong Jing and Corey Yuen, and produced by Jet Li, who also starred in the lead role. The film was released in the Hong Kong on 3 March 1994. This film showcases Hung Hei-kwun's exploits as a rebel against the Qing government. This is one of two films in which Li and Miu Tse play a father-son duo, the other being \"My Father Is a Hero.\"\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Martial Arts of Shaolin (, lit. \"Southern and Northern Shaolin\") aka Shaolin Temple 3: Martial Arts of Shaolin, is a 1986 Hong Kong martial arts film. It is notable as the only collaboration between film director Lau Kar-leung and actor Jet Li. The film was later released on Region 1 DVD by The Weinstein Company under the Dragon Dynasty imprint.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Fearless, also known as Huo Yuanjia (霍元甲) in Chinese, and as Jet Li's Fearless in the United Kingdom and in the United States, is a 2006 Chinese-Hong Kong martial arts film directed by Ronny Yu and starring Jet Li. It is loosely based on the life of Huo Yuanjia, a Chinese martial artist who challenged foreign fighters in highly publicized events, restoring pride and nationalism to China at a time when Western imperialism and Japanese manipulation were eroding the country in the final years of the Qing Dynasty before the birth of the Republic of China. Li stated in an interview that the film was his last wushu martial arts epic, a point also made in the film's television promotions and other publicity.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Once Upon a Time in China III is a 1993 Hong Kong martial arts film written, produced and directed by Tsui Hark, starring Jet Li as Chinese folk hero Wong Fei-hung. It is the third instalment in the \"Once Upon a Time in China\" film series.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: Fong Sai-yuk II, also known as The Legend II and The Legend of Fong Sai-yuk II, is a 1993 Hong Kong martial arts comedy film directed by Corey Yuen, and also produced by and starring Jet Li as Chinese folk hero Fong Sai-yuk. The film is a sequel to \"Fong Sai-yuk\", which was released earlier in the same year. Two former Miss Hong Kong Pageant winners, Michelle Reis and Amy Kwok, portrayed Fong Sai-yuk's wives." ]

[ "Passage 4", "Passage 1" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: All the Devils Are Here: The Hidden History of the Financial Crisis is a nonfiction book by authors Bethany McLean and Joseph Nocera about the 2008 financial crisis. It details how the financial crisis bubbled up from a volatile, and bipartisan, mixture of government meddling and \"laissez-faire\". It concludes it was not an accident, that banks understood the big picture before the crisis happened but continued with bad practices.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: There were many events that led to the financial crisis of the late 2000s, and many differing views on which parties were primarily responsible. The main groups that have been identified for playing a major role in the crisis include: investment bankers, credit rating agencies, financial statement preparers, the Federal Reserve, investors, loan originators, auditors, and borrowers among others. For a detailed background on the causes of the crisis and the parties that contributed please reference:Causes of the 2007-2012 global financial crisis and “History of Fair Value Issues” The purpose of this article is to expand on the role that accountants specifically played within the late 2000s financial crisis.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Robert James Kenneth Peston (born 25 April 1960) is a British journalist and presenter. He is the Political Editor of ITV News and host of the weekly political discussion show \"Peston on Sunday\". From February 2006 until March 2014, he was the Business Editor for BBC News. He became known to a wider public with his reporting of the late-2000s financial crisis, especially with his scoop on the Northern Rock crisis.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The financial crisis of 2007–2008, also known as the global financial crisis and the 2008 financial crisis, is considered by many economists to have been the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The 2009–2011 Icelandic financial crisis protests, also referred to as the Kitchenware / Kitchen Implement or Pots and Pans Revolution (Icelandic: \"Búsáhaldabyltingin\") occurred in the wake of the Icelandic financial crisis. There had been regular and growing protests since October 2008 against the Icelandic government's handling of the financial crisis. The protests intensified on 20 January 2009 with thousands of people showing up to protest at the parliament (\"Althing\") in Reykjavík. These were at the time, the largest protests in Icelandic history.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Qorvis provides public relations (PR) representation on behalf of a range of public companies, financial services firms, sovereign nations, and wealthy individuals. During the late-2000s financial crisis, Qorvis represented Wells Fargo and AIG.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Joseph J. \"Joe\" Cassano (born 12 March 1955) is an American insurance executive who was an officer at AIG Financial Products from the division's founding in 1987 until his resignation in February 2008. Cassano is considered a key figure in the Late-2000s financial crisis. Political writer Matt Taibbi nicknamed him \"Patient Zero of the global economic meltdown.\"\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Inside Job is a 2010 documentary film, directed by Charles H. Ferguson, about the late-2000s financial crisis. Ferguson says the film is about \"the systemic corruption of the United States by the financial services industry and the consequences of that systemic corruption\". In five parts, the film explores how changes in the policy environment and banking practices helped create the financial crisis.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Macroprudential regulation is the approach to financial regulation that aims to mitigate risk to the financial system as a whole (or \"systemic risk\"). In the aftermath of the late-2000s financial crisis, there is a growing consensus among policymakers and economic researchers about the need to re-orient the regulatory framework towards a macroprudential perspective." ]

[ "Passage 3" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Albert Einstein (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist. Einstein developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics). Einstein's work is also known for its influence on the philosophy of science. Einstein is best known by the general public for his mass–energy equivalence formula \"E\" = \"mc\" (which has been dubbed \"the world's most famous equation\"). He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics \"for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect\", a pivotal step in the evolution of quantum theory.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Mathilde Carmen Hertz (14 January 1891 – 20 November 1975) was a biologist, and was one of the first influential women scientists in the field of biology and a pioneer in the field of comparative psychology. Working in Germany, her career started to unravel in 1933 due to her Jewish ancestry. She was the younger daughter of the famous physicist Heinrich Rudolf Hertz.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The C. N. Yang Institute of Theoretical Physics (YITP) is a research center at Stony Brook University. In 1965, it was the vision of then University President J.S. Toll and Physics Department chair T.A. Pond to create an institute for theoretical physics and invite the famous physicist Chen Ning Yang from Institute for Advanced Study to serve as its director with the Albert Einstein Professorship of Physics. While the center is often referred to as \"YITP\", this can be confusing as YITP also stands for the Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics in Japan.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Pauli was born in Vienna to a chemist Wolfgang Joseph Pauli (\"né\" Wolf Pascheles, 1869–1955) and his wife Bertha Camilla Schütz; his sister was Hertha Pauli, the writer and actress. Pauli's middle name was given in honor of his godfather, physicist Ernst Mach. Pauli's paternal grandparents were from prominent Jewish families of Prague; his great-grandfather was the Jewish publisher Wolf Pascheles. Pauli's father converted from Judaism to Roman Catholicism shortly before his marriage in 1899. Pauli's mother, Bertha Schütz, was raised in her own mother's Roman Catholic religion; her father was Jewish writer Friedrich Schütz. Pauli was raised as a Roman Catholic, although eventually he and his parents left the Church. He is considered to have been a deist and a mystic.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Wave–particle duality is the concept in quantum mechanics that every particle or quantic entity may be partly described in terms not only of particles, but also of waves. It expresses the inability of the classical concepts \"particle\" or \"wave\" to fully describe the behavior of quantum-scale objects. As Albert Einstein wrote:\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Erika Mitterer (1906–2001) was an Austrian writer. When she was 18, in 1924, she began writing poems to Rainer Maria Rilke, who wrote back with approximately fifty poems of his own, and called her verse a \"Herzlandschaft\" (landscape of the heart). She wrote about 117 poems to him in all. This was the only time Rilke had a productive poetic collaboration throughout all his work. She also visited Rilke. When she was 24 her first volume of poems was published; it was well-received, and Stefan Zweig called her \"a great poet\". During the time of Nazi Germany she wrote for the periodical \"Das innere Reich\", and also published the novel \"The Prince of Darkness\". In 1950 her \"Correspondence in Verse\" with Rilke was published, and received much praise. In 1992 a documentary about her, titled \"Ericka Mitterer, Das Videoportrait: Dank des Lebens\" was made.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: This award should not be confused with many others named after the famous physicist, such as the Albert Einstein World Award of Science given by the World Cultural Council (since 1984), the Albert Einstein Medal given by the Albert Einstein Society (since 1979), nor with the Hans Albert Einstein Award, named after his son and given by the American Society of Civil Engineers (since 1988). It was established much earlier than these, when Einstein was still alive and was a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study. It has been called \"the highest of its kind in the United States\" by \"The New York Times\". Some considered it as \"the prestigious equivalent of a Nobel Prize\".\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Goldschmiedt was born in Triest, Austria-Hungary. He started studying economics at the business school in Frankfurt am Main, but then started attending science lectures in other educational institutions. In 1869, he went back to Vienna, where part of his family lived, and studied chemistry at the University of Vienna. There he attended lectures of Josef Redtenbacher and Franz Cölestin Schneider – the most prominent chemists of the time in Vienna. In 1871, he moved to the University of Heidelberg, Germany. There he received his PhD for work with Robert Wilhelm Bunsen and his assistant Blum in the field of inorganic analytical chemistry of minerals. For a postdoctoral position, he joined the laboratory of Adolf von Baeyer at the University of Straßburg. Goldschmiedt worked in the field of organic chemistry for two years, but he also studied mineralogy and crystallography with Paul Heinrich von Groth. During that time, Emil Fischer and Franz S. Exner also worked with Baeyer in Straßburg. For Goldschmiedt, the time in Straßburg ended abruptly because he joined the group of Schneiders at the University of Vienna. After his habilitation in 1875, he was sent as official observer to the world fair in Philadelphia in 1876. After visiting California, he went back to Vienna and married in 1886. It took until 1890 for him to become assistant professor at University of Vienna, but only one year later he became full professor. In 1891, Goldschmiedt moved to the German Charles-Ferdinand University in Prague and worked there for 20 years. In the meantime, he received the Lieben Prize in 1892 and became a member of the Vorstand of Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft in 1900 and 1901. In 1911, Goldschmiedt succeeded Zdenko Hans Skraup at the University of Vienna and was mostly involved in administrative tasks, such as supervising the construction of the laboratory building and reorganization of the institute. Starting from 1914, his health deteriorated slowly but steadily, resulting in his eventual death on August 6, 1915.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Einstein Wrote Back is a memoir by Canadian physicist John Moffat which documents his encounters with various other famous physicists, including Niels Bohr, Albert Einstein, Erwin Schrödinger, Fred Hoyle, Wolfgang Pauli, Paul Dirac, Abdus Salam, and J. Robert Oppenheimer, as well as his work at Imperial College London, Princeton University, CERN, and the University of Toronto.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: Chinese Constitutional Reform Association (Chinese: 中國憲政協進會) is a political pressure organization founded in 2002 and officially established on October 11, 2005. It is currently led by Wang Dan, who was a student leader during the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989, and president Wang Juntao. Its famous members include famous physicist Fang Lizhi and former advisor of Zhao Ziyang, Yan Jiaqi. Its purpose is to push constitutional reform in People's Republic of China by political activities." ]

[ "Passage 9", "Passage 4" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Sam Weller (born January 31, 1967) is an American journalist and author, best known for being writer Ray Bradbury's authorized biographer. Weller's 2005 book, \"The Bradbury Chronicles: The Life of Ray Bradbury\" (HarperCollins) is a full-biography while his 2010 \"Listen to the Echoes, The Ray Bradbury Interviews\" (Melville House Publishing) is a collection of interviews, photos, mementos, and artifacts. Weller's 2014 \"Ray Bradbury: The Last Interview: And Other Conversations\" (Melville House Publishing) features his last interview with Bradbury, and recounts Bradbury's influences, creative processes, and love for writing and reading.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: From the Dust Returned is a fix-up fantasy novel by Ray Bradbury published in 2001. The novel is largely created from a series of short stories Bradbury wrote decades earlier, centering on a family of Illinois-based monsters and ghosts named the Elliotts. The 6 previously published stories originally appeared in the magazines \"The Saturday Evening Post\", \"Mademoiselle\" and \"Weird Tales\" as well as Bradbury's earlier collections \"Dark Carnival\" and \"The Toynbee Convector\". Two of the stories, \"Homecoming\" and \"Uncle Einar\", were also anthologized in \"The October Country\". Three new short stories are included, as well as several chapters to help connect the stories.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The Ray Bradbury Theater is an anthology series that ran for two seasons on HBO, three episodes per season from 1985 to 1986, and four additional seasons on USA Network from 1988 to 1992. It was later shown in reruns on the Sci Fi Channel. All 65 episodes were written by Ray Bradbury and many were based on short stories or novels he had written, including \"A Sound of Thunder\", \"Marionettes, Inc.\", \"Banshee\", \"The Playground\", \"Mars is Heaven\", \"Usher II\", \"The Jar\", \"The Long Rain\", \"The Veldt\", \"The Small Assassin\", \"The Pedestrian\", \"The Fruit at the Bottom of the Bowl\", \"Here There Be Tygers\", \"The Toynbee Convector\", and \"Sun and Shadow\".\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Magna Publishing Group, or Magna Publishing Group, Inc., is a publishing company headquartered in Paramus, New Jersey. Founded in 1975, the company publishes a number of magazine titles and is one of the largest publishers of pornographic magazines in the United States with titles such as Club, Swank, Genesis, Gallery, Gent, as well as \"nearly 60 total adult titles\". The Company has only 1 to 10 employees. On December 22, 2015 Magna Publishing Group was purchased by 1-800-PHONESEX for an undisclosed amount.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: \"The Toynbee Convector\" is a science fiction short story by American writer Ray Bradbury. First published in \"Playboy\" magazine in 1984, the story was subsequently featured in a 1988 short story collection also titled \"The Toynbee Convector\".\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: \"The Rocket\" is a Science fiction short story (initially published under the name \"Outcast of the Stars\") by American writer Ray Bradbury. It is also included in \"The Illustrated Man\", a collection of short stories by Ray Bradbury.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The Small Assassin (1962) is a short story collection by American writer Ray Bradbury. The stories originally appeared in the magazines \"Dime Mystery Magazine\", \"Weird Tales\", \"Harper's\", \"Mademoiselle\", and in Bradbury's first book, \"Dark Carnival\".\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Long After Midnight is a short story collection by American writer Ray Bradbury. Several of the stories are original to this collection. Others originally appeared in the magazines \"Planet Stories\", \"Collier's Weekly\", \"Playboy\", \"Esquire\", \"Welcome Aboard\", \"Other Worlds\", \"Cavalier\", \"Gallery\", \"McCall's\", \"Woman's Day\", \"Harper's\", \"Charm\", \"Weird Tales\", \"Eros\", and \"Penthouse\".\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Gallery is a men's magazine published by Magna Publishing Group. It is one of the more popular \"skin\" magazines that arose on the \"Playboy\" magazine pattern in the 1970s.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: The Toynbee Convector is a short story collection by American writer Ray Bradbury. Several of the stories are original to this collection. Others originally appeared in the magazines \"Playboy\", \"Omni\", \"Gallery\", \"Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine\", \"Woman's Day\", and \"Weird Tales\"." ]

[ "Passage 9", "Passage 10" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Khmer shadow theatre (Khmer: ល្ខោនណាំងស្បែក; IPA: [lkhaon naŋ sbaek], Lakhaon Nang Sbek) are forms of shadow play in which leather shadow puppets are used. The two main genres include Sbek Thom, which features the Reamker, the other being Sbek Toch uses smaller puppets and a wide range of stories. And another genre called Sbek Por uses colored leather puppets. The shadow plays of Cambodia is closely related to and also resembles the shadow plays of Thailand (\"Nang yai\" and \"Nang talung\"), the Malay Peninsula and Indonesia \"(Wayang kulit)\".\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: \"The Words That Maketh Murder\" is a song by English musician PJ Harvey. It is the fourth track and lead single from her eighth studio album, \"Let England Shake\", and was released on 6 February 2011 on Island Records. Dealing with diplomacy, the ongoing conflicts in Afghanistan and world wars, \"The Words That Maketh Murder\" was produced by Flood, John Parish, Mick Harvey and PJ Harvey. It was Harvey's first single since 2008's \"The Devil\" and uses similar dynamics of song-writing to its predecessor, including folk influence and instrumentation.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: \"Aviation\" is the third single by English band The Last Shadow Puppets from their second studio album, \"Everything You've Come to Expect\". It was released on 16 March 2016 on Domino Records.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The Dream Synopsis EP is an extended play by The Last Shadow Puppets, released on 2 December 2016. It contains re-recordings of two songs from the band's second album, \"Everything You've Come to Expect\", as well as four cover versions that the band played during their 2016 tour. It was the final release of the band's second period of activity.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Last Shadow Puppets are an English supergroup consisting of Alex Turner (Arctic Monkeys), Miles Kane (The Rascals, solo artist), James Ford (Simian, Simian Mobile Disco, music producer), and Zach Dawes (Mini Mansions). They are joined live by Loren Humphrey (Guards, music producer, session musician) and Tyler Parkford (Mini Mansions). The band released their debut album \"The Age of the Understatement\" in 2008. Following a lengthy hiatus, they returned, releasing second album \"Everything You've Come to Expect\" in 2016.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: \"My Mistakes Were Made for You\" is the third single released by The Last Shadow Puppets. It was released on 20 October 2008 in the United Kingdom on Domino Records, featuring three b-sides: a live version of the album track \"Separate and Ever Deadly\" plus two covers. The US-only 8-song expanded EP was released in digital format on 21 October and on CD on 4 November 2008. It was the final release of the band's first period of activity.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: \"Miracle Aligner\" is the fourth single by English band The Last Shadow Puppets from their second studio album, \"Everything You've Come to Expect\". It was released on 28 March 2016 on Domino Records.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: 4-Track Demos is an album of demos by British singer-songwriter PJ Harvey. It was released in October 1993 by Island Records. It consists of 8 demos of songs from her previous album, \"Rid of Me\", along with 6 demos of some unreleased tracks which never made it to release with the three-piece PJ Harvey line-up. According to interviews with Harvey, all fourteen of these songs were written and demoed at her home between mid-1991 and autumn 1992. \"4-Track Demos\" was Harvey's first self-produced album, a job she would not take on again until 2004's \"Uh Huh Her\".\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: \"Everything You've Come to Expect\" is the second single by English band The Last Shadow Puppets from their second studio album, \"Everything You've Come to Expect\". It was released on 10 March 2016 on Domino Records." ]

[ "Passage 5" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Parenthood is an American sitcom based on the 1989 film of the same name. Executive produced by Ron Howard (who also directed the film), the series aired for one season on NBC.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Cotton Candy is a 1978 American made-for-television drama film directed by Ron Howard and broadcast on NBC. It is also known as Ron Howard's Cotton Candy.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Tallahassee 7000 was a 1961 American TV series starring Walter Matthau Special Agent Lex Rogers of the Florida Sheriff's Bureau. It consisted of 26 episodes of 30 minutes each. It was executive produced by Herbert Leonard.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Anthony Russo and Joseph V. \"Joe\" Russo (collectively known as the Russo brothers) are American film and television directors. The brothers direct most of their work jointly, and also occasionally work as producers, screenwriters, actors, and editors. The brothers directed the superhero films \"\" (2014) and \"\" (2016), and will be directing \"\" (2018) and its untitled sequel (2019). They are also known for their work on the comedy series \"Arrested Development\", for which they won an Emmy Award, and \"Community\".\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Ransom is a 1996 American crime thriller film directed by Ron Howard and written by Richard Price and Alexander Ignon. The film stars Mel Gibson, Rene Russo, Gary Sinise, Brawley Nolte, Delroy Lindo, Liev Schreiber, Evan Handler, Donnie Wahlberg, and Lili Taylor. Gibson was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Carpoolers is an American single-camera comedy series, that aired on ABC from October 2, 2007 to March 4, 2008. The show was created by Bruce McCulloch, who also executive produced alongside Justin Falvey, Darryl Frank, David Miner, Marsh McCall, Joe Russo and Anthony Russo (formerly of \"Arrested Development\"). Joe and Anthony Russo also directed the pilot. The series focused on the everyday lives of four male suburbanites with different occupations, who took their private lives and issues along for the ride during their daily commute to and from work.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Guy Burnet (born 8 August 1983) is an English film, television and theatre actor. In recent years Burnet also completed a number of roles in feature films and on the New York stage as well as small writing roles. He currently plays Casey Finney on American TV series \"Ray Donovan and Mike in American TV series The Affair\".\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Jeff Kassel is a Canadian actor who starred as Ron Mitchell in the FX television series \"Testees\". He appeared in, wrote and executive produced for the series \"Kenny Hotz's Triumph of the Will\". Some of his television appearances include \"Skins (North American TV series)\", \"Against the Wall\", \"Lost Girl\", \"Baxter\", \"The Path to 9/11\", \"This Is Wonderland\", \"\", \"\", and as a series regular on \"The X\" for two seasons. Kassel's film credits include \"Traitor\", \"Talk to Me\" and \"The Sentinel\". He has also appeared in over 30 national television commercials, and his voice works include the kids show \"Razzberry Jazzberry Jam\". He is also an improv performer. Kassel's screen-writing has won Telefest Awards for Best Screenwriting, Best Comedy and Best Production, as well as “The Silver Hugo Award” at the Chicago International Film Festival. Kassel was a Co-Producer of the Gemini award-winning documentary \"Camp Hollywood\" and a Story Advisor for \"Kenny vs. Spenny\".\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: William (Will) Hanrahan is a British television/radio producer and presenter best known for working on BBC programmes such as \"Watchdog\" and \"Good Morning\". Since 1994 he has headed an independent TV company which currently produces studio programming and documentaries for the BBC and Sky TV, A&E, Foxtel, CBS, Discovery and UKTV. He is a three-times Royal Television Society Award winner and his programmes are currently airing in over 70 countries. He has executive produced for both the BBC and ITV working with Alistair McGowan on the BBC Restoration project, and Chris Tarrant on the BBC Four History of the World in 100 objects series. He has recently executive produced a TV series with the renowned Italian criminologist, Massimo Picozzi, for the skyitalia series 'Segreti, Bugie e Omicidi, an Italian language documentary season which helped launch CI Italia. He is a law graduate with experience in consumer and legal programming. In 2013/14, Hanrahan also returned to radio presenting as a guest host on BBC Radio in 2014 and 2015. In 2017, his legal TV series 'The Jury Room' for CBS Reality also saw him present a six-part Podcast." ]

[ "Passage 4" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Richard Buckminster \"Bucky\" Fuller ( ; July 12, 1895 – July 1, 1983) was an American architect, systems theorist, author, designer, and inventor.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Una vita is the first novel of Italo Svevo, the author of the seminal modernist novel, \"Zeno's Conscience\". Originally titled \"Un inetto\" – \"inetto\" may be translated as 'inept,' unfit', 'unsuitable' or 'incapable' – this name was rejected by the publisher, who requested that it be changed to \"Una vita\" – 'A Life' – which is also the name of a famous Maupassant novel. The first draft was submitted in 1888. It was refused by the publishing house Treves, and wasn't published until 1892 by Vram, at the expense of Svevo himself.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Buckminster Fuller: Thinking Out Loud (1996) is a PBS \"American Masters\" documentary on the inventor, visionary, and thinker R. Buckminster Fuller produced and directed by Academy Award nominees Karen Goodman and Kirk Simon. Cinematography by Buddy Squires, edited by Sara Fishko, and a production of Simon & Goodman Picture Company.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The Last Dymaxion: Buckminster Fuller’s Dream Restored is a 2012 documentary film directed by Noel Murphy. about Buckminster Fuller's 1933 Dymaxion car as well as Fuller himself.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Buckminster Fuller Challenge is an annual international design competition that awards $100,000 to the most comprehensive solution to a pressing global problem. The Challenge was launched in 2007 and is a program of The Buckminster Fuller Institute. The competition, open to designers, artists, architects, students, environmentalists, and organizations world-wide, has been dubbed \"Socially-Responsible Design's Highest Award\" by Metropolis Magazine.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Scipio Slataper (14 July 1888 – 3 December 1915) was an Italian writer, most famous for his lyrical essay \"My Karst\". He is considered, alongside Italo Svevo, as the initiator of the prolific tradition of Italian literature in Trieste.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Liceo Italo Svevo or the Istituto Italo Svevo (German: Gymnasium Italo Svevo ) is a private Italian international school in Cologne, Germany.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The R. Buckminster Fuller and Anne Hewlett Dome Home, located at 407 S. Forest Ave. in Carbondale, Illinois, is a geodesic dome house which was the residence of Buckminster Fuller from 1960 to 1971. The house, inhabited by Fuller while he taught at Southern Illinois University, was the only geodesic dome Fuller lived in as well as the only property he ever owned. Fuller, a prolific architect and engineer, popularized the geodesic dome as a building design, and his house was one of the first geodesic dome residences to be constructed. The home was built and designed by Al Miller of the Pease Woodworking Company. While living in the home, Fuller was awarded nine patents, published eleven books, and designed the Montreal Biosphère, one of his most famous works.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: James Tennant Baldwin (born 1933) (whose books and articles have been published under the names J. Baldwin, Jay Baldwin, and James T. Baldwin) is an American industrial designer and writer. Baldwin was a student of Buckminster Fuller; Baldwin's work has been inspired by Fuller's principles and (in the case of some of Baldwin's published writing) has popularized and interpreted Fuller's ideas and achievements. In his own right, Baldwin has been a figure in American designers' efforts to incorporate solar, wind, and other renewable sources of energy. In his career, being a fabricator has been as important as being a designer. Baldwin is noted as the inventor of the \"Pillow Dome,\" a design that combines Buckminster Fuller's geodesic dome with panels of inflated ETFE plastic panels." ]

[ "Passage 1" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Electra, My Love (Hungarian: Szerelmem, Elektra ) is a 1974 Hungarian drama film directed by Miklós Jancsó. It was included in the official selection for the 1975 Cannes Film Festival.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The Lord's Lantern in Budapest (Hungarian: \"Nekem lámpást adott kezembe az Úr Pesten\" ) is a 1999 Hungarian film directed by Miklós Jancsó. It was Hungary's official Best Foreign Language Film submission at the 72nd Academy Awards, but did not manage to receive a nomination.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The Round-Up (Hungarian: \"Szegénylegények\" , \"Outlaws\") is a 1966 Hungarian film directed by Miklós Jancsó. Well received in its home country, it was Jancsó's first film to receive international acclaim.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Hungary has had a notable cinema industry from the beginning of the 20th century, with Hungarians who affected the world of motion picture both inside and outside the borders. The former could be characterised by directors István Szabó, Béla Tarr, or Miklós Jancsó, the latter by William Fox, who founded Fox Studios, Alexander Korda, playing a leading role in start of Britain's film industry, or Adolph Zukor, founder of Paramount Pictures. Examples of successful Hungarian films include \"Merry-go-round\", \"Mephisto\", \"Werckmeister Harmonies\", and \"Kontroll\".\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Private Vices, Public Pleasures (Italian: Vizi privati, pubbliche virtù ) is a 1976 Italian-Yugoslavian drama film directed by Miklós Jancsó. It was entered into the 1976 Cannes Film Festival.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Jean Bofferty (7 June 1925 – 25 June 1988) was a French New Wave cinematographer known for his collaborations with directors such as Robert Enrico, Pierre Étaix, and Claude Sautet. In 1979 Bofferty was nominated for a César Award for Best Cinematography for his work on Sautet's \"A Simple Story\".\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The Red and the White (Hungarian: Csillagosok, katonák ) is a 1967 film directed by Miklós Jancsó and dealing with the Russian Civil War. The original Hungarian title, \"Csillagosok, katonák\", can be translated as \"Stars on their Caps\" (literally 'starries, soldiers'), which, as with a number of Jancsó film titles, is a quote from a song. The film was listed to compete at the 1968 Cannes Film Festival, but the festival was canceled due to the events of May 1968 in France. It was voted as \"Best Foreign Film of 1969\" by the French Syndicate of Cinema Critics.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Hungarian Rhapsody (Hungarian: Magyar rapszódia ) is a 1979 Hungarian drama film directed by Miklós Jancsó. It was entered into the 1979 Cannes Film Festival." ]

[]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Anastasiya Alexandrovna Vertinskaya (Russian: Анастаси́я Алекса́ндровна Верти́нская , born 19 December 1944, Moscow, Soviet Union), is a Soviet and Russian actress, who came to prominence in the early 1960s with her acclaimed performances in \"Scarlet Sails\", \"Amphibian Man\" and Grigori Kozintsev's \"Hamlet\". In the 1990s, disillusioned with the state of cinema at home, she went abroad to teach and spent 12 years in France, England, the United States and Switzerland. In 1988 Vertinskaya was designated a People's Artist of Russia. She is also a recipient of the Order of Honour (2005) and the Order of Friendship (2010).\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Gia Skova (born July 13, 1991) is a Russian actress and model, now living in the United States. She has appeared on numerous fashion magazine covers around the world, adorned the runway for designers such as Stella McCartney and Marc Jacobs, been featured in print and commercial advertisements for internationally recognized brands such as L'Oreal and Red Bull, and been cast in television series, films and theatrical productions. In 2012 she was noted in a celebrity magazine as the most recognized Russian actress in Hollywood.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Vasily Ivanovich Nemirovich-Danchenko (Russian: Васи́лий Ива́нович Немиро́вич-Да́нченко , born 23 December (4 January), 1845, Tiflis (now Tbilisi, Georgia), Russian Empire – died 18 September 1936, Prague, Czechoslovakia) was a Russian writer, essayist, journalist, memoirist, and the brother of famous theater director Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko. Vasily Nemirovich-Danchenko, the most prolific Russian Empire writer of the late 19th-early 20th century, published more than 250 books; he was widely popular among the general reading public, but had little success with mainstream critics.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Soldiers of Freedom (Russian: Солдаты свободы ) is a four-part 1977 film epic directed by Yuri Ozerov and starring Mikhail Ulyanov, Yevgeny Matveyev, Vasily Lanovoy. It is a World War II historical drama and the sequel to \"Liberation\".\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Lidiya Fedoseyeva-Shukshina (Russian: Лидия Николаевна Федосеева-Шукшина ) (born 25 September 1938 in Leningrad) is a Russian actress and widow of writer, actor and director Vasily Shukshin. She is the mother of actress and TV presenter Maria Shukshina.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Scarlet Sails (Russian: Алые паруса, \"Alye parusa\" ) is a 1961 Soviet film produced by Mosfilm and directed by Alexandr Ptushko. It is based on Alexander Grin's 1923 adventure novel of the same name and stars Vasily Lanovoy and Anastasiya Vertinskaya. The story is a romantic fantasy and is described as a \"fairy tale\", though it contains no overtly supernatural elements.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Natalya Sergeyevna Bondarchuk (Russian: Наталья Серге́евна Бондарчук ) (born May 10, 1950) is a Soviet and Russian actress and film director, best known for her appearance in Andrei Tarkovsky's \"Solaris\" as \"Hari\". She is the daughter of the Ukrainian director and actor Sergei Bondarchuk and the Russian actress Inna Makarova. Her half-brother is the film director and actor Fedor Bondarchuk; her half-sister is the actress Yelena Bondarchuk.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Vasily Semyonovich Lanovoy (Russian: Василий Семенович Лановой ; born 16 January 1934) is a popular Soviet and Russian actor who works in the Vakhtangov Theatre, Moscow. He is also known as the President of Artek Festival of Films for Children. Lanovoy's honours include the KGB Prize, the Lenin Prize, and the title of People's Artist of the USSR.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: The Scarlet Sails (Russian: Алые паруса ) is a celebration in St. Petersburg, Russia, the most massive and famous public event during the White Nights Festival. The tradition is highly popular for its spectacular fireworks, numerous music concerts, and a massive water show. The Scarlet Sails show celebrating the end of the 2007 school year was attended by more than one million people. In 2010, public attendance grew to 3 million, and entertainers were such stars as the Cirque du Soleil, Mariinsky Ballet and Antonio Banderas, among others.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: Russian literature refers to the literature of Russia and its émigrés and to the Russian-language literature of several independent nations once a part of what was historically Rus', the Russian Empire or the Soviet Union. The roots of Russian literature can be traced to the Middle Ages, when epics and chronicles in Old Russian were composed. By the Age of Enlightenment, literature had grown in importance, and from the early 1830s, Russian literature underwent an astounding golden age in poetry, prose and drama. Romanticism permitted a flowering of poetic talent: Vasily Zhukovsky and later his protégé Alexander Pushkin came to the fore. Prose was flourishing as well. The first great Russian novelist was Nikolai Gogol. Then came Ivan Turgenev, who mastered both short stories and novels. Leo Tolstoy and Fyodor Dostoyevsky soon became internationally renowned. In the second half of the century Anton Chekhov excelled in short stories and became a leading dramatist. The beginning of the 20th century ranks as the Silver Age of Russian poetry. The poets most often associated with the \"Silver Age\" are Konstantin Balmont, Valery Bryusov, Alexander Blok, Anna Akhmatova, Nikolay Gumilyov, Osip Mandelstam, Sergei Yesenin, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Marina Tsvetaeva and Boris Pasternak. This era produced some first-rate novelists and short-story writers, such as Aleksandr Kuprin, Nobel Prize winner Ivan Bunin, Leonid Andreyev, Fyodor Sologub, Aleksey Remizov, Yevgeny Zamyatin, Dmitry Merezhkovsky and Andrei Bely." ]

[ "Passage 6", "Passage 1" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: \"Martha My Dear\" is a song by the Beatles written by Paul McCartney (credited to Lennon–McCartney), which first appeared on the double album \"The Beatles\" (also known as \"the White Album\"). McCartney is the only Beatle to perform on the track.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Alice Normington is a British production designer known for her work on films and television series such as Nowhere Boy, The Secret World of Michael Fry, and Suffragette. She won a BAFTA Award in 1998 for her work on the BBC television series The Woman in White. Normington is a graduate of the Wimbledon School of Art and teaches at The London Film School.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Josh Bolt (born Joshua Ryan Bolt on 2 May 1994) is an English actor from Liverpool, England. He played \"Robbie\" in the multi award winning feature film \"The Be All and End All\", a role which saw him shortlisted for the best newcomer at the 2009 British Indepependent Film Awards. Josh began acting at the age of 12 when he was cast in a theatre production of \"Much Ado About Nothing\". In 2009 he starred alongside Aaron Johnson and Kristin Scott Thomas playing \"Pete Shotton\" in the BAFTA nominated film \"Nowhere Boy\".\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: \"Roman (My Dear Boy)\" (浪漫 〜MY DEAR BOY〜 , \"Romance (My Dear Boy)\") is the twenty-second single of idol group Morning Musume and was released May 12, 2004. It sold a total of 87,255 copies. The single peaked at #4 on the weekly Oricon charts, charting for six weeks.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Samantha Louise Taylor-Johnson (née Taylor-Wood, born 4 March 1967) is an English filmmaker and photographer. Her directorial feature film debut came in 2009 with \"Nowhere Boy\", a film based on the childhood experiences of the Beatles songwriter and singer John Lennon. She is one of a group of artists known as the Young British Artists.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Thomas Brodie-Sangster (born 16 May 1990), also credited as Thomas Sangster, is an English actor and musician, known for his roles as Jojen Reed in \"Game of Thrones\", his voice as Ferb Fletcher in \"Phineas and Ferb\", as John Tracy in the ITV series \"Thunderbirds Are Go\", as well as his roles as Sam in Richard Curtis' \"Love Actually\" and Newt in the \"Maze Runner\" film series. Sangster also grew in popularity for starring in critically acclaimed cult films such as \"Death of a Superhero\", \"Bright Star\" and as Paul McCartney in \"Nowhere Boy\". He also had a cameo in the 2015 film \"\".\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Dear Frankie is a 2004 British drama film directed by Shona Auerbach and starring Emily Mortimer, Gerard Butler, and Jack McElhone. The screenplay by Andrea Gibb focuses on a young single mother whose love for her son prompts her to perpetuate a deception designed to protect him from the truth about his father.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The fifth Beatle is an informal title that various commentators in the press and entertainment industry have applied to people who were at one point a member of the Beatles, or who had a strong association with the \"Fab Four\" (John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr) during the group's existence. The \"fifth Beatle\" claims first appeared in the press immediately upon the band's rise to global fame in 1963–64. The members have offered their own beliefs of the \"fifth Beatle\":\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Jack McElhone (born 1993) is a former Scottish child and teenage actor. He is famous for his role as Frankie in the 2004 film \"Dear Frankie\", for which he was nominated for a BAFTA Scotland Award. He also had roles in \"Young Adam\", \"The Book Group\", \"Stacked\" and Nowhere Boy." ]

[ "Passage 9" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) is the governing body of rugby league in New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory and is a member of the Australian Rugby League Commission. It was formed in Sydney on 8 August 1907 and was known as the New South Wales Rugby Football League (NSWRFL) until 1984. From 1908 to 1994, the NSWRL ran Sydney's, then New South Wales', and eventually Australia's top-level rugby league club competition from their headquarters (or \"Bunker\" as it was nicknamed during the Super League war) on Phillip Street, Sydney. The organisation is responsible for administering the New South Wales rugby league team.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Chifley is a suburb in south-eastern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Chifley is 13 km south-east of the Sydney central business district and is part of the City of Randwick. The postcode is 2036. Chifley is surrounded by the suburbs of Matraville, Malabar, Little Bay and Phillip Bay.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Deutsche Bank Place is a 240 m skyscraper in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is located at 126 Phillip Street (corner of Hunter Street) in the north-eastern end of the central business district, across the road from Chifley Tower. Construction began in 2002 and was completed in 2005. The building's architect is Norman Foster of Foster and Partners.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Phillip Street is a street in the central business district of Sydney in New South Wales, Australia. While the street runs from King Street in the south to Circular Quay in the north, the present street is effectively in two sections, separated by Chifley Square. Other cross streets include Martin Place, Bridge Street, and Bent Street.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Governor Phillip Tower, the Governor Macquarie Tower and the Museum of Sydney are the main elements of one of the largest developments in the central business district of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Completed in 1994, the property development complex occupies an elevated site in the north-east area of the central business district. The complex incorporates the site of the first Government House, one of Australia’s earliest and most significant sites of European heritage. The address is 1 Farrer Place, Sydney. Designed by architects Denton Corker Marshall and built by Australia's largest privately owned construction company Grocon, at the time of its completion it was regarded as achieving new standards for Sydney commercial architecture in terms of finish quality and design.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The Chief Secretary’s building (originally the Colonial Secretary's building) is a heritage-listed state government administrative building of the Victorian Free Classical architectural style located at 121 Macquarie Street, 65 Bridge Street, and at 44-50 Phillip Street in the Sydney central business district of New South Wales, Australia.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Tank Stream, a fresh water tributary of Sydney Cove, located in New South Wales, Australia, was the fresh water supply for the fledgling colony of New South Wales in the late 18th century. Today it is little more than a storm water drain. It originated from a swamp to the west of present-day Hyde Park and at high tide entered Sydney Cove at what is now the intersection of Bridge and Pitt Streets in the Sydney central business district. The catchment was 65 ha , corresponding roughly the size of the Sydney central business district.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: College Street is a 700 m major street in the central business district of Sydney in New South Wales, Australia. From north to south, it runs from east of Queens Square and St James station to start at the junction of the Prince Albert, St Marys, and Art Gallery roads and runs to Whitlam Square, at Liverpool Street. The street runs beside the eastern border of Hyde Park, and is lined by the Australian Museum, Sydney Grammar School, Cook and Phillip Park Aquatic and Fitness Centre, and St Mary's Cathedral.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Pitt Street is a major street in the central business district of Sydney in New South Wales, Australia. The street runs through the entire city centre from Circular Quay in the north to Waterloo, although today's street is in two disjointed sections after a substantial stretch of it was removed to make way for Sydney's Central Railway Station. Pitt Street is well known for the pedestrian only retail centre of Pitt Street Mall, a section of the street which runs from Market Street to King Street." ]

[ "Passage 4" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Spree is the Annual Sports Festival of BITS Pilani, Goa Campus. It is a three-day long fest usually held in March. Since its inception in 2007, it has grown to become the largest collegiate sports festival in India; attracting many national as well as international participants. The theme has always been \"Pure Sport\", while the tagline for the upcoming season – Spree'17 is \"Summon your Champion\". The 2014 edition of the festival received a footfall of more than 40,000 students from 120 colleges all over the country. Spree has always been recognized for the best teams from sportiest colleges across the country, top-notch badminton and tennis courts, a maintained cricket ground and a football ground maintained by Salgaonkar FC.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Spandau (] ) is the fifth of the twelve boroughs (\"Bezirke\") of Berlin, Germany. It has the smallest population, and fourth largest in land area of the twelve boroughs. It is Berlin's westernmost borough, situated at the confluence of the Havel and Spree rivers and along the western bank of the Havel, but the least populated.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The Spandau Citadel (German: \"Zitadelle Spandau\" ) is a fortress in Berlin, Germany, one of the best-preserved Renaissance military structures of Europe. Built from 1559–94 atop a medieval fort on an island created by the meeting of the Havel and the Spree, it was designed to protect the town of Spandau, which is now part of Berlin. In recent years it has been used as a museum and has become a popular tourist spot.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The Finow Canal (German \"Finowkanal\") is one of the oldest artificial waterways in Europe. The channel, about 50 km long, is in the German state of Brandenburg in the Barnim district. It was built for the first time in 1605 and connects the Oder and Havel rivers. The river Ragöse flows into the canal.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Altstadt Spandau is the historic centre (Old Town) of the Spandau borough in the western suburbs of Berlin, situated on the right bank of the Havel river by its confluence with the Spree tributary. It arose near the site of a former Slavic gord during the German eastward expansion (\"Ostsiedlung\") in the early 13th century. A castle at \"Spandowe\", erected on a Havel island to secure the eastern borderlands of the Margraviate of Brandenburg, was already documented in a 1197 deed issued by the Ascanian margrave Otto II.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Chain-boat navigation or chain-ship navigation is a little-known chapter in the history of shipping on European rivers. From around the middle of the 19th century, vessels called chain boats were used to haul strings of barges upstream by using a fixed chain lying on the bed of a river. The chain was raised from the riverbed to pass over the deck of the steamer, being hauled by a heavy winch powered by a steam engine. A variety of companies operated chain boat services on rivers such as the Elbe, Rhine, Neckar, Main, Saale, Havel, Spree and Saône as well as other rivers in Belgium and the Netherlands. Chain boats were also used in the United States.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The Spree (] ; Sorbian: \"Sprjewja\" , Czech: \"Spréva\" ) is a river that flows through the Saxony, Brandenburg and Berlin states of Germany, and in the Ústí nad Labem region of the Czech Republic. Approximately 400 km in length, it is a left bank tributary of the River Havel, which itself flows into the Elbe and then the North Sea. It is the river on which the original centre of Berlin was built.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The Pig, or Václav Havel's Hunt for a Pig is the final work by Václav Havel, co-authored by Vladimír Morávek. The English translation is by Edward Einhorn . Originally a short dialogue from 1987 (entitled simply \"The Pig\") and printed in a samizdat, the piece is a comic (and true) story of Václav Havel’s efforts to hold a pig roast for his friends." ]

[]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Marina Point ( ) is a low rocky point which forms the northwestern tip of Galindez Island in the Argentine Islands of the Wilhelm Archipelago. It was first surveyed in 1935-36 by the British Graham Land Expedition under Rymill and named by members of the expedition for Princess Marina, later Duchess of Kent, who was married in November 1934, while the ship \"Penola\" was en route to the Argentine Islands.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Coppins is a country house north of the village of Iver in Buckinghamshire, England, formerly a home of members of the British Royal Family, including Princess Victoria, Prince George, 1st Duke of Kent, Princess Marina, Duchess of Kent and Prince Edward, 2nd Duke of Kent (their son).\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Navy Point ( ) is the northeast entrance point to Chiriguano Bay in southeast Brabant Island, Palmer Archipelago. The feature was charted in 1954 by the Argentine Antarctic Expedition and, in 1978, named \"Punta Marina\" (Navy Point) in honor of the Argentine Navy. A complete translation of the name has been approved to avoid a duplication of Marina Point in the Argentine Islands.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Princess Marina Petrovna of Russia (11 March 1892 – 15 May 1981) was a daughter of Grand Duke Peter Nikolaevich of Russia and his wife, Grand Duchess Militza Nicholaevna, born Princess of Montenegro. A great-granddaughter of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia, she was born in Nice and grew up in the last period of Imperial Russia, mostly in Znamenka, her father's summer palace near Peterhof.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Duchess of Kent Hospital (Malay: \"Hospital Duchess of Kent\" ) is a government hospital located around 3.2 kilometre from the town centre of Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia. The hospital has an area around 42.93 acres, with the hospital buildings area comprising 2,245.3 square metres. The hospital is named after the British princess Marina, Duchess of Kent.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The Marina Green in San Francisco, California, is a 74 acre expanse of grass between Fort Mason and the Presidio. It is adjacent to San Francisco Bay, and this location provides good views of the Golden Gate Bridge, Angel Island, Alcatraz Island, and parts of Marin County. Houses built mostly in the 1920s and 1930s line Marina Boulevard, the southern boundary of the Marina Green. Many of these houses have large bay windows, and Herb Caen, the late San Francisco newspaper columnist, often made references to the immaculate furnishings behind these windows. In the past, a railroad track along the southern edge of the Marina Green allowed the San Francisco Belt Railroad to serve the Presidio. Adjacent to the Marina Green is a marina, home to the St. Francis Yacht Club and the Golden Gate Yacht Club. The San Francisco Bay Trail runs through the green.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The Vernadsky Research Base (Ukrainian: Академік Вернадський ) is a Ukrainian Antarctic Station at Marina Point on Galindez Island in the Argentine Islands, Antarctica. It is named after Soviet and Ukrainian mineralogist Vladimir Vernadsky (1863–1945).\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Adventures of the Little Mermaid (人魚姫マリーナの冒険 , Ningyo Hime Marina no Bouken , The Adventures of Mermaid Princess Marina) is an animated series produced by Fuji Television in the early 1990s, based on upon the Hans Christian Andersen fairy tale \"The Little Mermaid\".\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Reed Point Marina is the largest marina in British Columbia which is situated 2.5 km away from Port Moody, 26 km from Vancouver and 5 minutes from Indian Arm. Reed point Marina has an onsite yacht broker, restaurant, full repairs, fuel dock and 24-hour security. Reed Point Marina is also involved in marine research. The marina has donated dock space to study Stellar sea lions. The research project began in 1993 and the lead investigators include Drs. Andrew Trites and David Rosen from the University of British Columbia.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark, {'1': \", '2': \", '3': \", '4': \"} (Greek: Πριγκίπισσα Μαρίνα της Ελλάδας και Δανίας ; 13 December [O.S. 30 November] 1906 27 August 1968) was the daughter of Prince Nicholas of Greece and Denmark and Grand Duchess Elena Vladimirovna of Russia." ]

[ "Passage 1", "Passage 10" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The 2000 New England Patriots season was the 31st season for the team in the National Football League and 41st season overall. They finished with a 5–11 record and in last place in the division.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The 1971 New England Patriots season was the team's twelfth, and second in the National Football League. The 1971 season was the first that the team played as the New England Patriots, changing their name from the Boston Patriots, briefly to the Bay State Patriots before changing it again to the New England Patriots, in an effort to regionalize the franchise's equal distance from Boston and Providence.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Johnson Bademosi (born July 23, 1990) is an American football cornerback and special teamer for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). He was signed by the Browns as an undrafted free agent in 2012. He was a member of the football, rugby, and track and field teams at Gonzaga College High School and went on to play college football for Stanford University.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The New England Patriots Radio Network is a CBS Radio network which carries live game broadcasts of the New England Patriots. The network's flagship station is WBZ-FM/98.5, located in Boston, Massachusetts. Gil Santos, former WBZ sports reporter who was known as the \"Voice of the New England Patriots\" retired after the 2012 season (during the Patriots' December win over the Dolphins that season part of Santos' radio call was simulcast by CBS television in recognition of his time with the team) and was replaced by Bob Socci, who now does the play-by-play with former Patriots quarterback Scott Zolak providing the color commentary and former Patriots linebacker Matt Chatham and WBZ-TV/WSBK-TV sports reporter Steve Burton providing the sideline reports. Marc Bertrand and \"Boston Globe\" sports columnist Chris Gasper host the pregame (when one of them is unavailable Greg Dickerson fills in), and the postgame show is hosted by Bertrand and former Patriot Steve DeOssie. Former hosts of the network's pre- and postgame show include Gary Tanguay, Andy Gresh, Bill Abbate, Mike Ruth, Tim Fox, and Pete Brock. Albert Breer is a regular guest analyst on the network's pre-game show.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Tajuan E. \"Ty\" Law (born February 10, 1974) is a former American football cornerback who played fifteen seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at the University of Michigan. He was drafted by the New England Patriots 23rd overall in the 1995 NFL Draft. Law is a two-time All-Pro, a five-time Pro Bowl selection, a Pro Bowl MVP, and has won three Super Bowls with the Patriots. His 53 career interceptions rank 22nd all-time in NFL history. He is also widely regarded as one of the best Patriots defensive backs of all time. Law was added to the New England Patriots Hall of Fame as the 20th member.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Dion John Lewis (born September 27, 1990) is an American football running back for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). He was drafted by the Philadelphia Eagles in the fifth round of the 2011 NFL Draft. With the Patriots, he won Super Bowl LI over the Atlanta Falcons. He played college football at the University of Pittsburgh. Lewis has also played for the Cleveland Browns and Indianapolis Colts. His Patriots teammate, receiver Julian Edelman, has nicknamed Lewis both \"Jitterbug\" and \"Little Dirty\". Lewis had not played for two seasons before signing with the Patriots in 2015, and was a significant contributor to the New England offense before a season-ending knee injury in Week 9 put him out of the line-up. Two reconstructive surgeries on his damaged knee kept him sidelined until part way through the 2016 season, his return on November 12, 2016 made a direct impact; his career-defining performance coming in the Patriots over the Houston Texans, where Lewis had 188 all-purpose yards and became the first player in NFL history to score a touchdown on a rush, a reception, and a kick return during the same playoff game. Notably, as of the end of the 2016-2017 season, Lewis has never played in a game which the Patriots have subsequently lost.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The New England Patriots Cheerleaders are the official cheerleading squad of the NFL's New England Patriots. The Patriots Cheerleaders perform various dance stunts at Gillette Stadium. The squad was formed in 1977. The squad currently (as of the 2016 New England Patriots season) has 33 members. The squad also makes appearances off the field with Patriots mascot Pat Patriot. The group also has a \"Junior Patriots Cheerleaders\", with girls of ages 7–17 being allowed to join, with a fee of $425.00 per participant. The squad also releases a swimsuit calendar yearly. The Patriots Cheerleaders' auditions take place at Gillette Stadium. In 2008, the squad went to China to train Chinese dancers for the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: This is a list of New England Patriots/Boston Patriots players who appeared on the active roster during the regular season. The history of New England Patriots began in 1960, with the formation of the American Football League. Then known as the Boston Patriots, the team's first draft pick was Ron Burton. They have had five members inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame. 22 players are members of the New England Patriots Hall of Fame, and seven of those have had their numbers retired.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Link is a NFL Cheerleader for the New England Patriots. She was born and raised in Terryville, Connecticut and attended Endicott College in Beverly, Massachusetts where she graduated with a degree in Communications. Link won the title of Miss Connecticut's Outstanding Teen in 2007 and went on to compete in Miss America's Outstanding Teen pageant. Her competition talent was a Spanish-influenced tap dance. Shortly after returning from the national pageant, Link was a passenger in a head-on collision and suffered a broken spine. After emergency surgery and rehabilitation, Link began dancing again. In 2014, Link was chosen to join the New England Patriots Cheerleaders and cheered at Super Bowl XLIX where the New England Patriots defeated the Seattle Seahawks. Link became captain of the Patriots Cheerleaders in 2016 and cheered at her second Super Bowl (Super Bowl LI), where the New England Patriots defeated the Atlanta Falcons.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: Reginald Dewayne Grimes (born November 7, 1976) is a former American football defensive lineman. He briefly played for the New England Patriots in 2000. Grimes played college football at Alabama." ]

[ "Passage 1", "Passage 10" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The discography of Scottish rock band The Twilight Sad consists of four studio albums, four compilation albums, eleven singles, and five extended plays (EPs). The band currently consists of James Graham (vocals), Andy MacFarlane (guitar, producer), and Mark Devine (drums). The Kilsyth-based band formed in 2003 and were signed to Fat Cat Records when Alex Knight, co-founder of the label, went to Glasgow to watch the band perform their third gig and signed them on the spot. The band released their debut EP \"The Twilight Sad\" in November 2006 in the United States only, followed by their debut album \"Fourteen Autumns & Fifteen Winters\" in April 2007, which garnered widespread critical acclaim. The album spawned two singles, \"That Summer, at Home I Had Become the Invisible Boy\" in April, and \"And She Would Darken the Memory\" in July. The following year, the band released \"Here, It Never Snowed. Afterwards It Did\", a mini-album of reworked versions of songs from \"Fourteen Autumns & Fifteen Winters\" and two non-album tracks, inspired by stripped-down live performances. A collection of live versions and previously unreleased tracks entitled \"Killed My Parents and Hit the Road\" was released in December 2008. The Twilight Sad's second studio album, \"Forget the Night Ahead\", was released in September 2009 to further acclaim and marked a shift in the band's direction towards a darker and more streamlined sound. The album produced three singles: \"I Became a Prostitute\" in August 2009, \"Seven Years of Letters\" in October 2009, and \"The Room\" in April 2010. Founding bassist Craig Orzel left the band in February 2010, and the band released \"The Wrong Car\" EP in September of that year.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Bitch Magnet was an American post-hardcore band who formed in 1986 at Oberlin College in Ohio and later moved to North Carolina. They released their first record in 1988. All of the band's full-length albums were released on Communion Records in the US; they were also signed to the European labels Shigaku/What Goes On and Glitterhouse. The band disbanded in 1990. Frontman Sooyoung Park later formed the band Seam with Mac McCaughan (of Superchunk) and Lexi Mitchell. Post-Seam, Park also played guitar in Ee. David Grubbs, who was a founding member of Squirrel Bait, was briefly a member of the band while also leading Bastro. Orestes Morfin went on to drum for Walt Mink and God Rifle. Jon Fine formed Vineland and Coptic Light, and was briefly a touring guitarist for Don Caballero.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The Poll Riders Win Again!!! is the second cassette demo tape by the American alternative rock band Walt Mink, released in 1991. As with their first demo tape, many of these songs would be re-recorded over the course of the band's career.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Walt Mink were an American alternative rock power trio formed in St. Paul, Minnesota in 1989 by guitarist/singer/songwriter John Kimbrough, drummer Joey Waronker and bassist Candice Belanoff. The band released four studio albums over the course of their eight-year career.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Goodnite is a 1998 live album by the American alternative rock band Walt Mink. It is a recording of their farewell show, at the Mercury Lounge in New York City, on November 1, 1997. It is their only release to feature their third drummer, Zach Danziger. His predecessor, Orestes Morfin, guests on one track, \"Shine\". The opening track, \"Fourth Wave\", does not appear on any of the band's studio albums. The final song of the show, \"A Tree in Orange\", was not included on the album.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Bareback Ride is the second album by the American alternative rock band Walt Mink, released in 1993. Sales and acclaim for this album fell short of the band's first album, \"Miss Happiness\", which was released the previous year.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Miss Happiness is the debut studio album by the American alternative rock band Walt Mink, released in 1992. Hailed by many as Walt Mink's shining moment, \"Miss Happiness\" is described by allmusic.com as one of the brightest alternative debut albums of the 1990s.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Colossus is the fourth and final studio album by the American alternative rock band Walt Mink, released in June 1997.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: The discography of Hüsker Dü, an American punk rock band, consists of six studio albums, two live albums, one compilation album, two extended plays, and ten singles. The band was formed by Bob Mould (guitar, vocals), Grant Hart (drums, vocals), and Greg Norton (bass guitar) in 1979. Their first album release was \"Land Speed Record\", a live album released through New Alliance Records. The band released its first studio album, \"Everything Falls Apart\" on its own label (Reflex Records) the following year. Hüsker Dü signed with SST Records in 1983, and released its next three albums with that label. The Warner Music Group released the band's last two studio albums. Hüsker Dü broke up in 1987. The band released 5 albums, including two double albums, between January 1984 and January 1987." ]

[ "Passage 4" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Kyong Ho Seonsa (Korean: 경허선사, Hanja: 鏡虛禪師, 1849—1912) was a famous Korea Sŏn master, and the 75th Patriarch of Korean Sŏn. His original name was Song Tonguk; and his dharma name was Sŏng’u. He is known as the reviver of modern Korean Sŏn Buddhism. Song Tonguk was born in southern Korea (Chŏnju, Chŏlla province), and entered the sangha at the age of nine in 1857. He ordained at Ch'ŏnggye monastery located at Kwach’ŏn, in the Kyŏnggi province. The young monk studied under the tutelage of Kyehŏ–sŏnsa. When he was 14, in 1862, Kyehŏ–sŏnsa disrobed and sent Kyŏnghŏ–sŏnsa to Manhwa–sŏnsa for further study at Tonghak–sa. Kyŏnghŏ soon distinguished himself as a sūtra-lecturer grew until a dramatic incident took place in 1879 while Kyŏnghŏ was travelling to Seoul to meet his previous teacher Kyehŏ–sŏnsa. On the way he entered a village looking for shelter from a rainstorm and discovered that the entire inhabitants of the village had died from an epidemic. Kyŏnghŏ came to understand that his knowledge of Buddhist sūtras did not help him in the issues of life and death. When Kyŏnghŏ returned to his monastery, he summarily dismissed all of his students, and began serious Sŏn meditation practice. The kongan he worked with was Master Lingyun’s (771-853) “The donkey is not yet done and the horse has already arrived.” He understood his kongan when he was reading, “Even though I should become a cow, there will be no nostrils.” Kyŏnghŏ attained enlightenment on November 15, 1887. After his awakening, Kyŏnghŏ wrote:\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Lancaster University, also officially known as the University of Lancaster, is a public research university in the City of Lancaster, Lancashire, England. The university was established by Royal Charter in 1964, one of several new universities created in the 1960s.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: North Komelik, also historically known as Gu Komelik, Komalik, Komelih, Komlih, and Kukomalik, is a populated place situated in Pinal County, Arizona. The Board on Geographic Names originally designated the official name as Gu Komelik in 1947, before a final decision was made in 1978, changing the official name to the current North Komelik. It has an estimated elevation of 1608 ft above sea level.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Aston Group is the designation of a group of organizational researchers who pursued their research between 1961 and 1970 under the leadership of Derek S. Pugh. The official name was \"Industrial Administration Research Unit of the Birmingham College of Advanced Technology\". Birmingham College was renamed to Aston University in 1966. The Aston Group pioneered works in the area of statistical analysis of organizations and their functioning. Contrary to former analysis' which were based on binary factors of features - such as \"presence vs. absence\" - the group expanded the spectrum to continuous dimensions and achieved a more differentiated view of their research subject.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Lancaster Institute for the Contemporary Arts \"(known colloquially as LICA or The Lancaster Institute)\" is an academic institution, art school, and arm of the University of Lancaster, that delivers research and teaching in fields of contemporary art and design; including in the subject areas of Fine Art, Theatre, Design, and Film studies. The institute also houses two research centres: \"Insight\" and \"Imagination\". LICA has a close working relationship with the public arts organisation: \"Lancaster Arts\".\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Robert Joseph Carpenter, Jr. (born April 20, 1955 in Lancaster, Ohio) is a former American football running back. He is the father of linebacker Bobby Carpenter, former University of Cincinnati linebacker Johnathan Carpenter, former Marshall University linebacker George Carpenter, and current Ohio defensive back Nathan Carpenter. He currently resides in Lancaster, Ohio and is a teacher and head coach of the Lancaster High School football team. He is a graduate of Miami University. He was best known for playing in the National Football League where he rushed for 4,363 yards in a ten-year career with the Houston Oilers, New York Giants and Los Angeles Rams.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The Bernstein Network (official name: National Bernstein Network Computational Neuroscience () ) is a German research network, which started in 2004 as a funding initiative of the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). The aim of the initiative was the long-term establishment of the research discipline Computational Neuroscience in Germany. As part of the high-tech strategy of the German government, the Bernstein Network has been supported with a total of about 170 million euros until now. The network includes over 200 research groups at more than 25 locations nationwide. The participating research groups are located at universities and non-university research institutes (Fraunhofer, Helmholtz, Leibniz and Max Planck institutes). Using a BMBF initial financing, 22 new professorships in the area of Computational Neuroscience have been established at German universities within the framework of the Bernstein Network, which are continued permanently by the federal states.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Tornado is a census-designated place (CDP) in Kanawha County, West Virginia, United States. Tornado is also known as Upper Falls, the U.S. Census Bureau's official name for the community. The United States Board on Geographic Names declared the community's official name to be Tornado in 2013 due to a request from the Kanawha County Commission, which determined that residents of the community supported the name Tornado over Upper Falls. It is also known as Andrews Heights, Big Bend and Upper Falls of Coal River.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: The 10th Regiment (Danish: \"10. Regiment\" , widely known as the \"Feltherrens Fodregiment\") was a Danish Army infantry regiment. On 1 September 1961 it was merged with 8. Regiment (from 1 November 1961 known as Dronningens Livregiment). The name \"Feltherrens Fodregiment\" was never the official name, as the official name was \"10. Regiment\"." ]

[ "Passage 2" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Mindaugas (German: \"Myndowen\" , Latin: \"Mindowe\" , Old East Slavic: Мендог — \"Mendog\" , Belarusian: Міндоўг or Mindoūh , c. 1203 – autumn 1263) was the first known Grand Duke of Lithuania and the only King of Lithuania. Little is known of his origins, early life, or rise to power; he is mentioned in a 1219 treaty as an elder duke, and in 1236 as the leader of all the Lithuanians. The contemporary and modern sources discussing his ascent mention strategic marriages along with banishment or murder of his rivals. He extended his domain into regions southeast of Lithuania proper during the 1230s and 1240s. In 1250 or 1251, during the course of internal power struggles, he was baptised as a Roman Catholic; this action enabled him to establish an alliance with the Livonian Order, a long-standing antagonist of the Lithuanians. During the summer of 1253 he was crowned King of Lithuania, ruling between 300,000 and 400,000 subjects.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Petras Jonaitis Mantigirdaitis (died after 1497) was a prominent noble of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Grandson of Petras Mantigirdaitis, he first appeared in written sources in 1476 and reached his career high in 1490s when he was Voivode of Trakai (1490–97) and Grand Marshal of Lithuania (1491–97). Chronicler Marcin Bielski described that Alexander Jagiellon was crowned and blessed as the new Grand Duke of Lithuania by the Bishop of Vilnius in 1492. Then Mantigirdaitis presented Alexander with a naked sword and a reminder that Alexander was elected to be a just ruler. In 1494, Mantigirdaitis was sent on the diplomatic mission to negotiate peace with the Grand Duchy of Moscow and marriage of Helena of Moscow to Alexander to end the First Muscovite–Lithuanian War. The Bychowiec Chronicle names him as a Great Hetman who recommended Konstantin Ostrogski, the first official Great Hetman, after his death. Therefore, it is likely that at some point Mantigirdaitis was the commander of the Lithuanian army.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The Union of Horodło or Pact of Horodło was a set of three acts signed in the town of Horodło on 2 October 1413. The first act was signed by Władysław II Jagiełło, King of Poland, and Vytautas, Grand Duke of Lithuania. The second and third acts were composed by the Polish nobility (szlachta) and Lithuanian boyars respectively. The union amended the earlier Polish–Lithuanian unions of Krewo and Vilnius–Radom. Politically, Lithuania received more autonomy as, after the death of Vytautas, the Lithuanian nobles could choose another Grand Duke instead of passing the title to Władysław II Jagiełło or his heir. However, culturally, Lithuania and Poland grew closer. Lithuania adopted Polish institutions of castellans and voivodes. Catholic Lithuanian nobles and church officials were granted equal rights with the Polish nobles and clergy. Forty-seven selected Lithuanian nobles were adopted by Polish families and granted Polish coats of arm. Thus the union signified the beginnings of Polonization of Lithuanian culture and the rise of the Lithuanian nobility. It was one of the major steps towards the modernization and Europeanization of Lithuania.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The Ostrów or Astrava Agreement (Lithuanian: \"Astravos sutartis\" , Belarusian: Востраўскае пагадненне , Polish: \"Ugoda w Ostrowie\" ) was a treaty between Jogaila (Władysław II Jagiełło), King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, and his cousin Vytautas the Great, signed on 4 August 1392. The treaty ended the destructive Lithuanian Civil War, launched in 1389 by Vytautas who hoped to gain political power, and concluded the power struggle between the two cousins that erupted in 1380 after Jogaila secretly signed the Treaty of Dovydiškės with the Teutonic Knights. The Ostrów Agreement did not stop attacks from the Teutonic Knights and the territorial dispute over Samogitia continued up to 1422. According to the treaty, Vytautas became the ruler of Lithuania (styled Grand Duke), but he also acknowledged Jogaila's (styled Supreme Duke) rights to Lithuania. The details of the Polish–Lithuanian relationship were clarified in several later treaties, including the Union of Vilnius and Radom in 1401 and Union of Horodło in 1413.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Lithuanian Civil War of 1389–92 was the second civil conflict between Jogaila, King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, and his cousin Vytautas. At issue was control of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, then the largest state in Europe. Jogaila had been crowned King of Poland in 1386; he installed his brother Skirgaila as ruler of Lithuania. Skirgaila proved unpopular and Vytautas attempted to depose him. When his first attempt to take the capital city of Vilnius failed, Vytautas forged an alliance with the Teutonic Knights, their common enemy – just as both cousins had done during the Lithuanian Civil War between 1381 and 1384. Vytautas and the Knights unsuccessfully besieged Vilnius in 1390. Over the next two years it became clear that neither side could achieve a quick victory, and Jogaila proposed a compromise: Vytautas would become Grand Duke and Jogaila would remain Superior Duke. This proposal was formalized in the Ostrów Agreement of 1392, and Vytautas turned against the Knights. He went on to reign as Grand Duke of Lithuania for 38 years, and the cousins remained at peace.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Michael Glinsky (Lithuanian: \"Mykolas Glinskis\" , Russian: Mikhail Lvovich Glinsky , Polish: \"Michał Gliński\" ; 1460s – 24 September 1534) was a noble from the Grand Duchy of Lithuania of distant Tatar extraction who was also a tutor of his nephew, Ivan the Terrible. As a young man, Glinsky served in the court of Emperor Maximilian I and earned distinction for his military service. Around 1498 he returned to Lithuania and quickly rose in power and wealth, angering local nobles. Just after commanding the victorious Battle of Kletsk against the Crimean Khanate in August 1506, he was accused of conspiracy against the deceased Grand Duke Alexander Jagiellon and lost all his wealth. Glinsky began an armed rebellion against Sigismund I, the new Grand Duke. The rebellion was unsuccessful and Glinski retreated to the Grand Duchy of Moscow, where he served Vasili III of Russia. When the Muscovite–Lithuanian Wars renewed in 1512, Glinsky was instrumental in helping Moscow to capture Smolensk, a major trading center. However, he was not rewarded with the regency of the city. Angered, he planned to betray Vasili III, but the plot was discovered and he was imprisoned for 12 years. He was freed after his niece Elena Glinskaya married Vasili III in 1526. Before his death in 1533, Vasili appointed Elena and Glinski as protectors of his underage sons Ivan and Yuri. Elena disapproved of Glinsky's influence in the state and had him sent to prison, where he soon died of starvation.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Helena Ivanovna of Moscow (Russian: Елена Ивановна ; Lithuanian: \"Elena\" ; Polish: \"Helena Moskiewska\" ; 19 May 1476 – 20 January 1513) was daughter of Ivan III the Great, Grand Prince of Moscow, and an uncrowned Grand Duchess of Lithuania and Queen of Poland as she would not convert from Eastern Orthodoxy to Catholicism. Her childless marriage to Grand Duke of Lithuania and later King of Poland Alexander Jagiellon was a constant source of tension between the Grand Duchy of Moscow and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Instead of guaranteeing peace, Helena's marriage gave her father Ivan III an excuse to interfere in Lithuanian affairs accusing Alexander of mistreating Helena and repressing Orthodox believers. This became the pretext to renew the Muscovite–Lithuanian War in 1500. The war ended with a six-year truce in 1503; the Grand Duchy of Lithuania lost about a third of its territory. Despite political tensions and religious differences, the marriage was a loving one and the royal couple was close. After her husband's death in 1506, Helena wanted to return to Moscow but was not allowed. When she planned to run away, she was arrested and reportedly poisoned.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The Kingdom of Lithuania was a short-lived constitutional monarchy created towards the end of World War I when Lithuania was under occupation by the German Empire. The Council of Lithuania declared Lithuania's independence on February 16, 1918, but the Council was unable to form a government, police, or other state institutions due to the continued presence of German troops. The Germans presented various proposals to incorporate Lithuania into the German Empire, particularly Prussia. The Lithuanians resisted this idea and hoped to preserve their independence by creating a separate constitutional monarchy. On June 4, 1918, they voted to offer the Lithuanian throne to the German noble Wilhelm, 2nd Duke of Urach. Duke Wilhelm accepted the offer in July 1918 and took the name Mindaugas II. However, he never visited Lithuania. His election stirred up controversy, divided the Council, and did not achieve the desired results. As Germany was losing the war and was engulfed in the German Revolution, Lithuania suspended its decision to invite Duke William on November 2, 1918, thereby ending his short reign." ]

[]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The \"Mayaguez\" incident took place between Democratic Kampuchea and the United States from May 12–15, 1975, less than a month after the Khmer Rouge took control of the capital Phnom Penh ousting the U.S. backed Khmer Republic. It was the last official battle of the Vietnam War. The names of the Americans killed, as well as those of three U.S. Marines who were left behind on the island of Koh Tang after the battle and were subsequently executed by the Khmer Rouge, are the last names on the Vietnam Veterans Memorial. The merchant ship's crew, whose seizure at sea had prompted the U.S. attack, had been released in good health, unknown to the U.S. Marines or the U.S. command of the operation before they attacked. Nevertheless, the Marines boarded and recaptured the ship anchored offshore a Cambodian island, finding it empty.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Darel McKinney served in the United States Marine Corps during World War I. He would be awarded the Navy Cross and Distinguished Service Cross for his actions during the Battle of Belleau Wood.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) was the expeditionary force of the United States Army during World War I. It was established on July 5, 1917, in France under the command of General John J. Pershing. During the United States campaigns in World War I it fought alongside the French Army, British Army, and Canadian Army on the Western Front, against the German Empire. A minority of the AEF troops also fought alongside the Italian Army in that same year, against the Austro-Hungarian Army. The AEF helped the French Army on the Western Front during the Aisne Offensive (at the Battle of Château-Thierry (1918) and Battle of Belleau Wood) in the summer of 1918, and the AEF fought its major actions in the Battle of Saint-Mihiel and the Meuse-Argonne Offensive in the latter part of 1918.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: USS \"Belleau Wood\" (LHA-3), nicknamed \"Devil Dog\", was the second ship named after the Battle of Belleau Wood in World War I. Her keel was laid down on 5 March 1973 at Pascagoula, Mississippi, by Ingalls Shipbuilding. She was launched on 11 April 1977, and commissioned on 23 September 1978, with Captain T.C. Steele in command.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Two ships of the United States Navy have been named Belleau Wood, after the Battle of Belleau Wood near Château-Thierry in France.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The Aisne-Marne American Cemetery and Memorial is a 42 acre World War I cemetery in Belleau, Northern France. It is at the foot of the hill where the Battle of Belleau Wood was fought, with many American fatalities. The cemetery also contains burials from the Battle of Château-Thierry, later that summer.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: St Elmo Murray Haney (1898 - 1979) was a Master Gunnery Sergeant in the United States Marine Corps. As a veteran of many early campaigns in the Marine Corps, he was considered the epitome of the \"old breed\" Marine and a source of inspiration during the tough battles of the Pacific Campaign in World War II. Author Eugene Sledge described Haney as being, \"everywhere at once, correcting mistakes and helping out\". As one who fought in some of the most fiercest fighting of the time, he had the respect of the Marines. In World War I, he fought in the Battle of Belleau Wood with the 5th Marine Regiment. In 1930, between the wars, he was stationed in Shanghai and played in the outfield for the Fourth Marine Regiment Baseball Team. He also served in France, Nicaragua, Iceland and on the Amazon.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Maurice Edwin Shearer (December 19, 1879 – June 26, 1953) was a highly decorated Brigadier General in the United States Marine Corps. In 1918, Major Shearer of the 5th Marine Regiment, led Marines in the World War I Battle of Belleau Wood in France, where he was awarded the Navy Cross, Distinguished Service Cross, Navy Distinguished Service Medal, Silver Star, French Legion of Honor (Chevalier) and Croix de Guerre.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: William H. Berry (September 9, 1852 – June 19, 1928) was a former Treasurer of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. He also was the mayor of Chester, Pennsylvania shortly in 1905, before resigning to run for Treasurer. Berry was born on September 9, 1852 in Edwardsville, Illinois. Berry died on June 19, 1928 in a hospital in Chester.William H. Berry also served as Collector of the Port of Philadelphia. His son, US Marine Major Benjamin S. Berry, served in World War One, and for his actions on June 6, 1918 in Belleau Wood was awarded the Distinguished Service Order, the Navy Cross, and the Croix de Guerre from the government of France." ]

[ "Passage 2" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Down IV – Part I (informally known as the The Purple EP) is the first EP by sludge/southern metal band Down. It was released on September 18, 2012. It is the first album featuring bassist Pat Bruders due to the departure of former bassist Rex Brown in 2011, and the last to feature guitarist Kirk Windstein, who left in 2013.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Uke-Hunt is a ukulele-based cover band fronted by Spike Slawson from Me First and the Gimme Gimmes. Although both this and the Gimmes are cover bands, they have very different approaches. While the Gimmes generally pick non-rock songs and rock them out and speed them up to turn them into punk music, while in this band, the songs picked are generally upbeat songs that are then slowed down and mellowed out.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The Dwarves Must Die is the 2004 release by the American punk band Dwarves. It is the band's first release on the \"Sympathy for the Record Industry\" label. There are several cameos, including Dexter Holland from The Offspring, Nash Kato from Urge Overkill, desert rock icon Nick Oliveri, Josh Freese from The Vandals, Spike Slawson from Me First and the Gimme Gimmes, gangster rapper San Quinn, DJ Marz, and even the original Space Ghost himself, Gary Owens. The rather freeform departure from the standard thrash/punk/noise sound is obvious in this release, slightly more so than in previous Dwarves productions, perhaps because they have been producing music for almost 20 years; however the original sound of the Dwarves shows clearly in several tracks.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Behind the Blackest Tears is the second studio album by Kingdom of Sorrow, a group featuring Jamey Jasta of Hatebreed and Kirk Windstein of Crowbar and Down. The album was released by Relapse Records.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Filthy Thieving Bastards is an American folk/punk rock group formed in 2000 in San Francisco, California. The band was originally a side project put together by Johnny Bonnel and Darius Koski of the Swingin' Utters. Spike Slawson (also from Swingin' Utters) later joined the band, along with recording engineer Randy Burk. Greg Lisher from Camper Van Beethoven guested on guitar for several songs on their second release. Their music is influenced by folk rock, Celtic rock, country music, 60's pop, and punk rock, with an acknowledged and oft-noted debt to the music of The Pogues.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Pepper J. Keenan (born May 8, 1967), is an American guitarist and vocalist, best known for his work with heavy metal bands Corrosion of Conformity and Down. He joined Corrosion of Conformity in 1989, but did not become the lead singer until the recording of \"Deliverance\" in 1994. In 1991 he formed Down with Phil Anselmo of Pantera, Jimmy Bower of Eyehategod, and Kirk Windstein and Todd Strange of Crowbar.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Todd Strange (born January 31, 1966) is a bassist who played live on the first Down album \"NOLA\" and with Crowbar. Forming Crowbar with Kirk Windstein (Down), Matt Thomas and Craig Nunenmacher (Black Label Society), they released the best-selling albums of the band's discography. This included the Crowbar self-titled LP with the hits \"All I Had (I Gave)\", \"Existence is Punishment\", \"No Quarter\" (by Led Zeppelin) and \"I Have Failed\", produced by Phil Anselmo. By 1994, Phil put his band Pantera to the side and resurrected Down which was sidelined for Pantera in the late 1990s. The band released NOLA in reference to the band's hometown, New Orleans, Louisiana, and played 13 shows. Eventually, the album sold 500,000 copies and was certified Gold by the RIAA. Soon after, Phil returned to Pantera and Crowbar continued, and the two bands partnered up for tours in 1996. As a result, Todd, Kirk and the rest of Crowbar appear in Pantera's \"Home Videos 3\" in the credits, and Kirk and the band are seen in scenes including the notorious clip of Kirk dressed up as the Hulk. This event is also included in Crowbar's 1996 home video \"Like Broken\", but contains slightly different footage.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Kingdom of Sorrow is an American sludge metal band which features Kirk Windstein of Crowbar and Down, along with Jamey Jasta of Hatebreed." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The 2016 UC Davis Aggies football team represented the University of California, Davis during the 2016 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by fourth year head coach Ron Gould and played their home games at Aggie Stadium. They are a member of the Big Sky Conference. They finished the season 3–8, 2–6 in Big Sky play to finish in a four way tie for ninth place.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Texas A&M Aggies (variously A&M or Texas Aggies) refers to the students, graduates, and sports teams of Texas A&M University. The nickname \"Aggie\" was once common at land-grant or \"Ag\" (agriculture) schools in many states. The teams compete in Division I of NCAA sports. Texas A&M was a charter member of the Southwest Conference until its dissolution and subsequent formation of the Big 12 Conference in 1996. The Aggies competed in the Big 12 until joining the Southeastern Conference (SEC) on July 1, 2012. Texas A&M's official school colors are maroon and white. The teams are referred to as Aggies and the mascot is a Rough Collie named Reveille.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The 2016 North Carolina A&T Aggies football team represented North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University in the 2016 NCAA Division I FCS football season. This season marked the 93rd for the program, which was led by sixth-year head coach Rod Broadway. They played their home games at Aggie Stadium and were a member of the Mid-Eastern Athletic Conference (MEAC). They finished the season 9–3, 7–1 in MEAC play to finish in second place. They received an at-large bid to the FCS Playoffs where they lost in the first round to Richmond.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The 2017 New Mexico State Aggies football team represents New Mexico State University in the 2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Aggies play their home games at Aggie Memorial Stadium in Las Cruces, New Mexico, and compete in the Sun Belt Conference. They are led by fifth-year head coach Doug Martin. This is the Aggies' final year as a Sun Belt associate member.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Aggie Memorial Stadium is an outdoor football stadium on the campus of New Mexico State University in Las Cruces, New Mexico. The stadium is the home field of the New Mexico State Aggies of the Sun Belt Conference. The venue opened in September 1978 and the current seating capacity is 30,343. The natural grass playing field sits at an elevation of 3,980 feet (1,213 m) above sea level. NM State Aggies women's soccer also play at Aggie Memorial Stadium.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Hellraiser: Judgment is an upcoming American horror film written and directed by Gary J. Tunnicliffe, and starring Paul T. Taylor, Heather Langenkamp, Damon Carney, Randy Wayne, Alexandra Harris, Rheagan Wallace, John Gulagher, Mike Jay Regan, Diane Goldner, Andi Powers, Jeff Fenter, Helena Grace Donald, and Grace Montie. It is the tenth film in the \"Hellraiser\" film series.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Acie Law IV (born January 25, 1985) is an American former professional basketball player. In his four seasons at Texas A&M University, Law scored 1,653 points and was credited with 540 assists. Nicknamed \"Captain Clutch\" for his ability to take over the game late, Law is well known among Texas A&M Aggie basketball fans for \"The Shot,\" his buzzer-beating 3-pointer to beat the arch-rival Texas Longhorns at Reed Arena on March 1, 2006, as well as for his play in the Aggies' 69–66 upset win against Kansas on February 3, 2007. Due to his contributions to Texas A&M, the Texas A&M athletic department hung Law's No. 1 jersey on the rafters in Reed Arena. He became the first Aggie in any sport to have the honor.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Women's sport in Australia started in the colonial era. Sport made its way into the school curriculum for girls by the 1890s. World War II had little impact on women's sport in the country. After the war, women's sport diversified as a result of new immigrants to the country. In the 1990s, the percentage of media coverage for women's sport on radio, television and in newspapers was not at parity with male sport. Basketball is nominally professional in Australia but players do not earn enough from the sport to compete full-time. Some Australians have gone overseas to play professional sport. Women make up a large number of television spectators for Australian sport. In person, netball has large percentage of female spectators. The Australian Federal and State governments have encouraged women to participate in all areas of sport.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Don 'Barry' Mason (1950–2006) was the founder of the Psychedelic Shamanistic Institute (PSI), a networking organisation that encouraged ethnobotany and scientific research into cannabis and other psychoactive plants while contributing substantially to the public debate about drug policy reform. Associates of PSI include: Mathew Atha, Colin Angus, Brian Barritt, Michael Carmichael, Fraser Clark, Paul Devereux, the late John Entwistle, Paul Flynn MP, Ben Ganly, Lee Harris, Mike Jay, Howard Marks, Dr John Marks, Jonathan Ott, Dr Russell Newcombe, Richard Rudgley and Youth." ]

[ "Passage 2" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Ashok Manda Bishnoi, better known by his stage name Rapperiya Baalam, is a Jaipur, Rajasthan based Rapper, Song writer, Music Composer and Producer. He Rose to fame in 2014 with his song “Mharo Rajasthan”, a Folk hip hop fusion song which become one of the most popular song in Rajasthan and gained amazing popularity among the youth, the Song co-written by Kunaal Vermaa Featuring Indian Idol Fame Folk Singer Swaroop Khan. His other hits are “Hariyala Banna”, “Jaipur Anthem”,“Des Padharo Sa”, “Dil Mere”. He along with lyrics writer kunaal Vermaa has worked with bollywood playback singer Ravindra Upadhyay for song “Des Padharo Sa”,and with musician Mohit Gaur for Song “phir mujhe dil se pukaar tu”. Better known for his experiments in rajasthani folk music Rapperiya Baalam and his team came up with Hariyala Banna in 2016, the song earned 3 million hits in three months and become one of the most popular folk fusion song in regional category. Hariyala Banna sung by Bollywood playback Singer Ravindra Upadhyay and Kamal Choudhary.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Sukhwinder Singh (born 18 July 1971) is an Indian Bollywood playback singer. Singh is famous for singing \"Chaiyya Chaiyya\" for which he won the Best Male Playback Award at the 1999 Filmfare Awards. The song, from Mani Ratnam's 1998 film \"Dil Se. . \", was composed by A. R. Rahman, written by Gulzar, and sung in duet with Sapna Awasthi. It was also featured in the musical \"Bombay Dreams\" and, in remixed arrangements, in the titles and credits segments of Spike Lee's 2006 film, \"Inside Man\". Singh later gained more international fame for singing \"Jai Ho\" from the film \"Slumdog Millionaire\", which won an Academy Award for Best Original Song and a Grammy Award for Best Song Written for a Motion Picture, Television or Other Visual Media. His rendition for the 2014 released film \"Haider\" fetched him the National Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Bombay is a 1995 Indian Tamil-language Indian romantic drama film directed by Mani Ratnam, starring Arvind Swamy and Manisha Koirala in the lead, and featuring music composed by A. R. Rahman. The film is centered on events that occurred particularly during the period of December 1992 to January 1993 in India, and the controversy surrounding the Babri Masjid in Ayodhya, its subsequent demolition on 6 December 1992 and increased religious tensions in the city of Bombay (now Mumbai) that led to the Bombay Riots. It is the second in Ratnam's trilogy of films that depict human relationships against a background of Indian politics, including \"Roja\" (1992) and \"Dil Se. . \" (1998).\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: \"Chaiyya Chaiyya\" (English: [walk] in shade ) is an Indian song from the 1998 Hindi film \"Dil Se. . \" directed by Mani Ratnam. The song was composed by A.R. Rahman, written by Gulzar, and sung by Sukhwinder Singh and Sapna Awasthi. It quickly became popular upon the release and its music video gained cult status, partly because it was filmed on a moving train. The Tamil version is called \"Thaiyya Thaiyya\", which was also popular among Tamils.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Anuradha Sriram (born 9 July 1970) is an Indian carnatic and playback singer who hails from the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu. She has sung more than 5000 songs in Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada and Hindi films.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Doli Saja Ke Rakhna (English: Keep the wedding carriage decorated) is a 1998 Indian Hindi romance film directed by Priyadarshan with Jyothika and Akshaye Khanna in lead roles. The plot is adapted from the Malayalam film \"Aniyathipraavu\". The music was composed by A. R. Rahman. This was Jyothika 's First Film.She was considered for Filmfare Award for Best Female Debut but was lost to Preity Zinta for \"Dil Se. . \".\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Unni Menon is an Indian film playback singer. He has sung over 3000 songs in South Indian languages like Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu and Kannada. In the early part of his career, he spent many years as a low-profile playback singer. The turning point in his career came when he sang the song \"Pudhu Vellai Mazhai\" from Mani Ratnam's award winning 1992 Tamil film \"Roja\", composed by A. R. Rahman. He has frequently associated with A. R. Rahman, lending his voice to nearly 25 popular songs from films like \"Karuththamma\" (1994) and \"Minsaara Kanavu\" (1997).\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: He was born into a Tamil family. Karthik developed an interest in music, early in his life. He is a trained Carnatic music vocalist and has been training since his school days. He was part of a college band and regularly participated in IIT Madras Fest \"Saarang\". An ardent fan of A. R. Rahman, Karthik's dream was to meet Rahman and sing for him. Playback singer Srinivas, who collaborated often with Rahman was Karthik's close friend's cousin. Srinivas encouraged Karthik to look at singing as a career, which prompted Karthik to resume his singing lessons. One year later, Srinivas recommended Karthik's name to Rahman, who needed fresh voices for backing vocalists for a song from \"Pukar\". Karthik eventually got the opportunity and recorded for the song. Having spent over a year being a backing vocalist, Karthik got his break during the re-recording of \"One 2 Ka 4\". For the background score, A. R. Rahman wanted a high-pitched alap and he eventually chose Karthik to sing the alap. Soon after, Rahman asked him to sing the song \"Nendhukittaen\" from the film \"Star.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Srimathumitha is an Indian playback and Carnatic singer who sings mainly in Tamil. She has also sung in Telugu, Hindi and Kannada songs. Some of her hit songs are “Azhage Azhage” from the Movie Oru Kal Oru Kannadi, “Valayapatti Thavile” from the movie Azhagiya Tamil Magan, “Kanaa Kaanum Kalangal” from the movie 7G Rainbow Colony, and “Rathathin Rathame” from the movie Velayudham. She is one of the leading playback singers in today’s film music scenario. She has sung for leading music directors like Ilayaraja, Harris Jayaraj, Yuvan Shankar Raja, A. R. Rahman, Bharathwaj, Deva, S. A. Rajkumar, and Bharani. She emerged as the “Best Voice of 2002” in the TV Reality Show Rajageetham conducted by RAJ TV. She is the first playback singer to win the Vikadan Awards started in 2004, which was juried by late Sujatha Sir. A. R. Rahman has featured her in 2 songs in the soundtrack of Oscar-winning movie \"Slumdog Millionaire\".\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: \"Dil Se Re\" (translation: From the Heart) is a song from the movie \"Dil Se. . \", composed by A. R. Rahman, lyrics penned by Gulzar and sung by A. R. Rahman, Anuradha Sriram and Anupama in chorus. It was a chart topper of the year 1998 and this song's lyrics is said to be one of the finest and predominantly in Urdu. Its picturisation too got noticed. The song has now achieved a cult status. Guy Pratt, Pink Floyd bass guitarist for post Roger Waters albums Delicate Sound of Thunder, The Division Bell and Pulse played bass on this song." ]

[ "Passage 5", "Passage 10" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Astarte Horn ( ) is a pyramidal peak lying about 9.9 mi inland from George VI Sound at the south end of the north-south range extending to Mount Umbriel, in eastern Alexander Island. The feature was mapped from trimetrogon air photography taken by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition, 1947–48, and from survey by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey, 1948–50, and named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee in association with nearby Venus Glacier; the goddess Venus being identified with the Phoenician goddess Astarte in mythology.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Because I'M the Goddess! (Japanese: 神様だもの , Hepburn: Kami-sama da Mono ) is a comedy manga series created by Shamneko and published in Japan by Wani Books. A 3-volume English translation was released by Tokyopop. The story is about a boy named Aoi, who upon meeting Pandora, a Goddess, reluctantly helps her collect gifts she needs to become a complete Goddess.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Oviri (Tahitian: \"Savage\" or \"wild\" ) is an 1894 ceramic sculpture by French artist Paul Gauguin, the original cast is in the Musée d'Orsay. Gauguin shows her with long pale hair and large wild eyes. In Tahitian mythology Oviri was the goddess of mourning. Gauguin shows her either smothering or embracing a wolf with her feet, as she tightly clutches another wolf cub in her arms. Art historians have presented multiple interpretations of the work; usually that he intended it as an epithet to reinforce his self-image as a \"civilised savage\". Tahitian goddesses of her era had passed from folk memory by 1894, yet Gauguin romanticises the island's past as he reaches towards more ancient sources, including an Assyrian relief of a 'master of animals' type and Majapahit mummies. Other possible influences include preserved skulls from the Marquesas Islands, figures found at Borobudur, and a 9th-century Mahayana Buddhist temple in central Java.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: In the Hawaiian religion, Pele (pronounced ] ), the Fire Goddess, is the goddess of fire, lightning, wind and volcanoes and the creator of the Hawaiian Islands. Often referred to as \"Madame Pele\" or \"Tūtū Pele\" as a sign of respect, she is a well-known deity within Hawaiian mythology, and is notable for her contemporary presence and cultural influence as an enduring figure from ancient Hawaii. Epithets of the goddess include \"Pele-honua-mea\" (\"Pele of the sacred land\") and \"Ka wahine ʻ ai honua\" (\"The earth-eating woman\").\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Mount Cleveland (also known as Cleveland Volcano) is a nearly symmetrical stratovolcano on the western end of Chuginadak Island, which is part of the Islands of Four Mountains just west of Umnak Island in the Fox Islands of the Aleutian Islands of Alaska. Mt. Cleveland is 1730 m high, and one of the most active of the 75 or more volcanoes in the larger Aleutian Arc. Aleutian natives named the island after their fire goddess, Chuginadak, who they believed inhabited the volcano. In 1894 a team from the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey visited the island and gave Mount Cleveland its current name, after then-president Grover Cleveland.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Sisters of Isis is a book series by Lynne Ewing who is also the author of the popular Daughters of the Moon series and the companion series Sons of the Dark. It is about three girls who live in Washington D.C. who have never met until a priest named Abdel brings them together. They each can cast spells from the Book of Thoth and have the power of transformation. They each have a birthmark in their hair and a ring that the goddess Isis gave them. They are Descendants of Horus. The Sisters have to stop the cult of Anubis from bringing chaos and destruction into the world. If they fail, they will spend eternity with the demons at the edge of chaos.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Valentina is a fictional character. A Supervillainess who appeared in the Filipino comic book Darna. She is a snake goddess and one of Darna's greatest enemies. She was originally a bitter, deformed woman born with snakes for hair from ordinary human parents. When she grew up, she killed her parents were and was subsequently taken in by a creature named \"KOBRA\", a giant serpent with a hag's head. Valentina was soon referred to as \"goddess of the snakes\" who had a close familiar -- \"VIBORA\", a loyal serpent.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: In Cook Islands mythology of the southern Cook Islands group, the earth goddess Papa was created when Varima-te-takere, the primordial mother goddess, plucked her out from the left side of her body. Papa married her brother, the sky god Vatea. They had twin sons, the sea god Tangaroa and the vegetation god Rongo.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Metrosideros polymorpha, the ʻ ōhiʻ a lehua, is a species of flowering evergreen tree in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae, that is endemic to the six largest islands of Hawaiʻ i. It is a highly variable tree, being 20 - tall in favorable situations, and a much smaller prostrate shrub when growing in boggy soils or directly on basalt. It produces a brilliant display of flowers, made up of a mass of stamens, which can range from fiery red to yellow. Many native Hawaiian traditions refer to the tree and the forests it forms as sacred to Pele, the volcano goddess, and to Laka, the goddess of hula. ʻ Ōhiʻ a trees grow easily on lava, and are usually the very first plants to grow on new lava flows.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: Pele's hair is a form of lava. It is named after Pele, the Hawaiian goddess of volcanoes. It can be defined as volcanic glass fibers or thin strands of volcanic glass. The strands are formed through the stretching of molten basaltic glass from lava, usually from lava fountains, lava cascades, and vigorous lava flows." ]

[ "Passage 4", "Passage 10" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Mackintosh & T.J. is a soundtrack album to the film of the same name, featuring four songs performed by Waylon Jennings, another by Willie Nelson, and several featuring Jennings' backing band The Waylors. The record was released on RCA Victor in March 1976, following the film which had come out in November 1975. Three of the Jennings songs had been previously unreleased; four of the tracks on the album are instrumentals. The album peaked at #16 on the country charts.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Nashville Rebel is a box set by Waylon Jennings, released on RCA Records through Legacy Recordings in 2006. According to Allmusic's Stephen Thomas Erlewine, it is \"\"the first comprehensive, multi-label Waylon Jennings retrospective ever assembled\", comprising ninety-two songs recorded between 1958 and 1994, with selections from the majority of the singer's recording career. The first track of the box set is the Buddy Holly-produced \"Jole Blon,\" released in 1958, while the last is \"I Do Believe,\" a song produced by Don Was that was included on The Highwaymen's 1995 release, \"The Road Goes on Forever\". The other material on the box set covers Jennings' career chronologically, with songs ranging from his years on RCA's roster to later compositions from his short-lived stay at Epic Records; it ignores, however, the tracks from Jennings albums released on independent labels. The majority of the singer's charting singles are included in the package, as are collaborations such as \"Mamas Don't Let Your Babies Grow Up to Be Cowboys\" with Willie Nelson and \"Highwayman\" with The Highwaymen. A notable addition is the previously unreleased \"The Greatest Cowboy of Them All,\" a 1978 duet with Johnny Cash which was later recorded by Cash alone for \"A Believer Sings the Truth\" (1979) and \"The Mystery of Life\" (1991); two others, \"It's Sure Been Fun\" and \"People in Dallas Got Hair,\" had never been released in the United States. \"Nashville Rebel\" was released on four CDs, with a 140-page booklet and liner notes by Rich Keinzle and Lenny Kaye.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Waylon's Greatest Hits, Vol. 2 is a compilation album by Waylon Jennings, released on RCA Victor in 1984. It contains several songs recorded primarily in the later period of the singer's career, encompassing the late 1970s as well as the early 1980s. Although several relatively obscure tracks were included, the compilation also contains the hits \"Theme from the Dukes of Hazzard (Good Ol' Boys)\" and \"Don't You Think This Outlaw Bit's Done Got Out of Hand\". \"Looking for Suzanne\", \"America\" and \"Waltz Me to Heaven\" are all previously unreleased Jennings recordings; the first of these made a reappearance on Jennings' \"Sweet Mother Texas\" (1986). \"America\" and \"Waltz Me to Heaven\" charted as singles, reaching #6 and #10, respectively, with a music video being released for the former; the album peaked at #27 on the country charts.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The RCA Victor Symphony Orchestra, sometimes also known as the RCA Victor Salon Orchestra, the RCA Victor Orchestra and simply, the RCA Orchestra was an American studio orchestra founded in 1940 by the RCA Victor record label for the purposes of making recordings. Originally established as a salon orchestra based at RCA Victor headquarters in Camden, New Jersey, the group was created by Victor staff conductor Nathaniel Shilkret. The name later was used for free-lance orchestras, mainly in New York City, assembled as needed to make recordings for RCA Victor through the early 1960s. Its players included those from the New York Philharmonic, the Metropolitan Opera, the NBC Symphony Orchestra, and other major ensembles. The RCA Victor Orchestra recorded with notable conductors including Leopold Stokowski, Fritz Reiner and Leonard Bernstein. A number of their recordings received Grammy Awards. In the early 1960s the orchestra was disbanded when RCA moved much of its recording activity to Europe and established the RCA Italiana Orchestra at its studios in Rome.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Lonesome, On'ry and Mean is an album by Waylon Jennings, released on RCA Victor in 1973. It was, after \"Good Hearted Woman\" and \"Ladies Love Outlaws\", the third in a series of albums which were to establish Jennings as one of the most prominent representatives of the outlaw country movement. Famous photographer Mick Rock shot the album's cover.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Ol' Waylon is an album by Waylon Jennings, released on RCA Victor in 1977. It eventually became one of Jennings' highest-selling albums, due in no small part to the phenomenal success of the chart-topping \"Luckenbach, Texas (Back to the Basics of Love).\" It was also the singer's fourth solo album in a row to reach the top of the country charts, remaining there for thirteen weeks and becoming country music's first platinum album by any single solo artist.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Waylon & Willie is a duet album by Waylon Jennings and Willie Nelson, released on RCA Victor in 1978. It stayed at #1 album on the country album charts for ten weeks and would spend a total of 126 weeks on the country charts.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The Best of Waylon is a compilation album by Waylon Jennings, released on RCA Records in 1986, following the singer's departure from the label. It consists primarily of material from Jennings' last years at RCA, including \"Lucille (You Won't Do Your Daddy's Will)\" and \"Never Could Toe the Mark\". It is also notable for including two previously unreleased Jennings recordings: \"I Don't Have Anymore Love Songs\" and \"Money Cannot Make the Man\". \"The Best of Waylon\" failed to chart and was Jennings' final release on RCA." ]

[]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: John 'Keith' Moffat (born 1943) is Louis Block Professor of Biochemistry, Molecular and Cell Biology and former Deputy Provost for Research at the University of Chicago. He currently heads BioCARS at Argonne National Laboratory, where he worked on the Advanced Photon Source. He is most noted for his contributions to Time resolved crystallography. He is a former Guggenheim Fellow and former Cornell University faculty member. He has a Ph.D. from King's College, Cambridge under the Nobel laureate Max Perutz at MRC-LMB and an undergraduate degree from the University of Edinburgh. He is married with an adopted son.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Robin Perutz FRS (born December 1949 in Cambridge), son of the Nobel Prize winner Max Perutz, is a professor of Inorganic Chemistry at the University of York, where he was formerly head of department.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Robert Anthony \"Robin\" Weiss (born 20 February 1940) is a British molecular biologist, Professor of Viral Oncology at University College London and a member of the Nuffield Council on Bioethics.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: S. Samar Hasnain FRSC is the Max Perutz professor of Molecular Biophysics at the University of Liverpool. He is current editor in chief of IUCr Journals. In 1991 he became a Fellow of the Institute of Physics and in 2002 he became a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry. Additionally, in 1997 he became a Fellow of the Third World Academy of Sciences and in 2011 a Fellow of the Society of Biology.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL) are a joint venture of the University of Vienna and the Medical University of Vienna located at the Vienna Biocenter. It is named after the Viennese-born biochemist and Nobel laureate Max Ferdinand Perutz. MFPL is dedicated to research and education in the field of Molecular Biology. On average, MFPL hosts 60 independent research groups, involving more than 500 people from 40 nations. MFPL scientists participate in the undergraduate curricula for students of the University of Vienna and the Medical University of Vienna.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Caroline A. Austin is a British molecular biologist. She is a Professor of Molecular Biology at the Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences at Newcastle University Medical School. Professor Austin's published research is focused on human DNA topoisomerase II and therapy-related leukemia. She serves as the Treasurer for the British Society for Cell Biology.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Joseph Frank Sambrook (born 1 March 1939 in Liverpool, England) is a British molecular biologist known for his studies of DNA oncoviruses and the molecular biology of normal and cancerous cells. He resides in Melbourne, Australia with his wife and daughter.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Phil Gilmartin, {'1': \", '2': \", '3': \", '4': \"} is a British molecular biologist and botanist, who specialises in plant genetics. Since 2011, he has been Professor of Plant Molecular Genetics and Executive Dean of the Faculty of Science at the University of East Anglia (UEA). He had previously been Director of the Centre for Plant Sciences (1998–2004) and Pro-Dean for Research in the Faculty of Biological Sciences (2004–2007) at the University of Leeds, and Principal of St Mary's College, Durham (2008–2011).\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Francis Harry Compton Crick (8 June 1916 – 28 July 2004) was a British molecular biologist, biophysicist, and neuroscientist, most noted for being a co-discoverer of the structure of the DNA molecule in 1953 with James Watson, work which was based partly on fundamental studies done by Rosalind Franklin, Raymond Gosling and Maurice Wilkins. Together with Watson and Maurice Wilkins, he was jointly awarded the 1962 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine \"for their discoveries concerning the molecular structure of nucleic acids and its significance for information transfer in living material\"." ]

[ "Passage 2" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The Ironclad gas field is a natural gas field located offshore the Cabo Delgado Province. It was discovered in 2012 and developed by Anadarko Petroleum Corporation. It began production in 2012 and produces natural gas and condensates. The total proven reserves of the Ironclad gas field are around 5 trillion cubic feet (143 km³), and production is slated to be around 50 million cubic feet/day (1.9×10m³).\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The Anadarko Basin is a geologic depositional and structural basin centered in the western part of the state of Oklahoma and the Texas Panhandle, and extending into southwestern Kansas and southeastern Colorado. The basin covers an area of 50000 mi2 . By the end of the 20th Century, the Anadarko Basin was producing the largest amount of natural gas in the United States. Notable oil and gas fields within the basin include the Hugoton-Panhandle Gas Field, West Edmond Field, Union City Field and the Elk City Field. The basin is also the only commercial source of iodine in the United States and a major producer of helium.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Hugoton Gas Field is a large natural gas field in the U.S. states of Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. Its name is derived from the town of Hugoton, Kansas, near which the Hugoton Field was first discovered.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The Kangan gas field is an Iranian natural gas field that was discovered in 1967. It began production in 1980 and produces natural gas and condensates. The total proven reserves of the Kangan gas field are around 29 trillion cubic feet (829×10m) and production is slated to be around 800 million cubic feet/day (23×10m). Nar gas field is located a few kilometers away from kangan gas field. That's why Nar & Kangan appear together most of the time. The produced gas from Nar & Kangan fields delivers to Fajr gas refinery in the downstream. Nar & Kangan is the major onshore natural gas provider for domestic consumption. The two fields together hold the record of maximum gas production rate from onshore fields in Iran, 120 million cubic meter/day (MMSCMD).\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Lagosta gas field is a natural gas field located offshore of the Cabo Delgado Province, Mozambique in Offshore Area 1. It was discovered in 2012 and developed by Anadarko Petroleum Corporation. It began production in 2012 and produces natural gas and condensates. The total proven reserves of the Lagosta gas field are around 5 trillion cubic feet (143 km³), and production is slated to be around 50 million cubic feet/day (1.9×10m³).\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The Windjammer gas field is a natural gas field located offshore the Cabo Delgado Province. It was discovered in 2012 and developed by Anadarko Petroleum Corporation. It began production in 2012 and produces natural gas and condensates. The total proven reserves of the Windjammer gas field are around 10 trillion cubic feet (286 km³), and production is slated to be around 100 million cubic feet/day (2.9×10m³).\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The Leviathan gas field is a large natural gas field located in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Israel, 47 km south-west of the Tamar gas field. The gas field is located roughly 130 km west of Haifa in waters 1500 m deep in the Levantine basin, a rich hydrocarbon area in one of the world's larger offshore gas finds of the past decade. According to some commentators, the gas find has the potential to change Israel's foreign relations with neighboring countries Turkey, and Egypt. Together with the nearby Tamar gas field, the Leviathan field is seen as an opportunity for Israel to become a major energy player in the Middle East. As of 2017, even by conservative estimates, Leviathan holds enough gas to meet Israel's domestic needs for 40 years.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The Collier gas field is a natural gas field located offshore the Cabo Delgado Province. It was discovered in 2012 and developed by Anadarko Petroleum Corporation. It began production in 2012 and produces natural gas and condensates. The total proven reserves of the Collier gas field are around 5 trillion cubic feet (143 km³), and production is slated to be around 50 million cubic feet/day (1.9×10m³).\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: The Filitelnic gas field is a natural gas field in the Filitelnic village of Bălăuşeri commune, Mureş County, Romania lying in the center of the Transylvanian Basin, a major natural gas producing region. It was discovered in 1958 and is developed by Romgaz. It began production in 1961 and produces natural gas and condensates. The total proven reserves of the Filitelnic gas field are around 2.145 e12cuft , and production is around 143 e6cuft/d . The Filitelnic gas field is the second largest natural gas field in Romania.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: Romania has proven natural gas reserves of 726 billion cubic meters (25.94 trillion cubic feet) and is ranked 30th among countries with proved reserves of natural gas. About 75% of Romania's natural gas resources are located in Transylvania, especially in Mureş and Sibiu counties. The largest natural gas field in Romania is the Deleni gas field discovered in 1912 and located in the Băgaciu commune in Mureş County with proven reserves of 85 billion cubic meters or 3 trillion cubic feet. Other important gas fields include the Filitelnic gas field (40 bcm - 1,430 bcft), the Roman-Secuieni gas field (24 bcm - 850 bcft), the Voitinel gas field (11.8 bcm - 415 bcft), the Gherceşti gas field (11 bcm - 400 bcft) and the Sărmaşel gas field (10 bcm - 354 bcft) all with reserves larger than 10 billion cubic meters or 350 billion cubic feet. Currently Romania has the third largest natural gas reserves in the European Union just after the Netherlands and United Kingdom." ]

[ "Passage 2", "Passage 3" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The 1998 NBA All-Star Game was the 48th edition of the North American National Basketball Association All-Star Game. The event was held at Madison Square Garden in New York City. The East won the game 135–114. This game was the All-Star Game debut of Kobe Bryant, the youngest all-star in NBA history at 19 years of age, and rookie Tim Duncan. Bryant had a team-high 18 points. Michael Jordan earned MVP honors, scoring 23 points, grabbing 6 rebounds, and dishing out 8 assists despite having the flu. This was Jordan's third MVP award.The Game featured four all-stars from the Los Angeles Lakers. The Western Conference was coached by George Karl from the Seattle SuperSonics and the Eastern Conference was coached by Larry Bird of the Indiana Pacers. This marks the only All-Star game to feature both Kobe Bryant, who was the youngest player in NBA history to be in the all-star game and Michael Jordan in which Jordan was with the Chicago Bulls. Jordan came out of retirement one final time in 2001 and played two more seasons (and selected to the All-Star team both years) for the Washington Wizards. Grant Hill and Michael Jordan shot the best field goal percentages this game when comparing players who shot ten or more shots. Grant Hill was 7/11 from the field and he knocked down a three (.636%). Michael Jordan was 10/18 from the field and he also knocked down one three (.556%).\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The 1999–2000 NBA season was the 12th season for the Miami Heat in the National Basketball Association. During the offseason, the Heat signed free agent Otis Thorpe. The Heat played the first two months of the season at the Miami Arena, then moved into the American Airlines Arena in January. At midseason, the team signed free agent Bruce Bowen. Despite Tim Hardaway playing just 52 games due to knee injuries, the Heat finished first place in the Atlantic Division with a 52–30 record. Alonzo Mourning was named Defensive Player of the Year for the second consecutive year, and was selected for the 2000 NBA All-Star Game. In the first round of the playoffs, they swept the Detroit Pistons in three straight games en-route to advancing to the conference semifinals for the first time since 1997.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The 2005–06 Miami Heat season was the 18th National Basketball Association season for the Miami Heat basketball franchise. During the offseason, the Heat acquired Jason Williams and James Posey from the Memphis Grizzlies, and All-Star forward Antoine Walker from the Boston Celtics, while signing free agent All-Star point guard Gary Payton. Early into the season, after a 15-12 start to the year, head coach Stan Van Gundy resigned, citing the desire to spend more time with his family, and Pat Riley resume coaching the Heat. The Heat went 39-23 the rest of the way, finishing with a 52-30 record, good enough for first place in the Southeast Division and second place in the Eastern Conference overall. Dwayne Wade and Shaquille O'Neal were both selected for the 2006 NBA All-Star Game.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The 2013–14 NBA season was the 68th season of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The regular season began on Tuesday, October 29, 2013 with the Indiana Pacers hosting a game against the Orlando Magic followed by the 2012–13 NBA champions Miami Heat hosting a game against the Chicago Bulls followed by the Los Angeles Lakers hosting a game against the Los Angeles Clippers. The 2014 NBA All-Star Game was played on February 16, 2014, at the Smoothie King Center in New Orleans. Cleveland's Kyrie Irving won the NBA All-Star Game Most Valuable Player Award. The regular season ended on April 16, 2014, and the playoffs began on Saturday, April 19, 2014 and ended on June 15, 2014 with the San Antonio Spurs defeating the Miami Heat in five games to win the 2014 NBA Finals.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Timothy Duane Hardaway Sr. (born September 1, 1966) is an American retired basketball player, currently serving as an assistant coach for the Detroit Pistons of the National Basketball Association (NBA). Standing at six feet (1.83 m) tall, he was best known for his crossover dribble which was dubbed the \"UTEP Two-step\" by television analysts. He is the father of current NBA player Tim Hardaway Jr..\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The 2000–01 NBA season was the 13th season for the Miami Heat in the National Basketball Association. Before the start of the season, All-Star center Alonzo Mourning suffered a kidney disorder and only played in the final thirteen games of the season. During the offseason, the Heat acquired All-Star guard Eddie Jones, Anthony Mason and Ricky Davis from the Charlotte Hornets, and acquired Brian Grant from the Portland Trail Blazers in a three-team trade, while signing free agent A.C. Green. However, the Heat struggled with a 5–9 start to the season. At midseason, they acquired Cedric Ceballos in a trade with the Detroit Pistons, as Mason was selected for the 2001 NBA All-Star Game. The Heat finished second in the Atlantic Division with a 50–32 record. However, in the first round of the playoffs, they were swept by the 6th-seeded Charlotte Hornets in three straight games.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The 2011–12 Miami Heat season is the franchise's 24th season in the National Basketball Association (NBA). They came into the season as the defending Eastern Conference champions, the second season playing with the \"Big Three\" of Dwyane Wade, LeBron James, and Chris Bosh, and the fourth season under head coach Erik Spoelstra. Prior to the beginning of the season, they looked to bounce back from their disappointing finish to the previous year where they lost to the Dallas Mavericks in the NBA Finals. Following the 2011 NBA lockout the Heat played only 66 games this season. They won their division for the 9th time and appeared in the Eastern Conference Finals for the 5th time. For the second year in a row, Dwyane Wade, LeBron James, and Chris Bosh were all selected to the NBA All-Star Game, tying the record for the most Heat players in an All-Star game in franchise history.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The 2012–13 NBA season was the 67th season of the National Basketball Association (NBA). The regular season began on Tuesday, October 30, 2012, when the 2011–12 NBA Champions Miami Heat started the season by hosting the Boston Celtics. The 2013 NBA All-Star Game was played on February 17, 2013, at Toyota Center in Houston, Texas. The regular season ended on Wednesday, April 17, 2013, and the playoffs began on Saturday, April 20, 2013 and ended on June 20, 2013 with the Miami Heat defeating the San Antonio Spurs in seven games to win the 2013 NBA Finals.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: The 2001–02 NBA season was the 14th season for the Miami Heat in the National Basketball Association. During the offseason, the Heat re-acquired Chris Gatling from the Cleveland Cavaliers and signed free agents Rod Strickland, LaPhonso Ellis, Kendall Gill, then later on signed Jim Jackson in December. After dealing with a kidney disorder, Alonzo Mourning returned for a full season. However, he was not able to play up to the same level as the Heat struggled and lost 23 of their first 28 games, including a 12-game losing streak. They would recover from their awful start and play above .500 for the remainder of the season, as Mourning was selected for the 2002 NBA All-Star Game. However, the Heat finished sixth in the Atlantic Division with a 36–46 record, missing the playoffs for the first time since the 1994–95 season." ]

[ "Passage 5" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Daniel \"Dan\" Holman (born 5 June 1990) is an English professional footballer who plays as a forward for Boreham Wood on loan from Cheltenham Town. He began his career with a number of Northampton-based youth clubs, including Northampton ON Chenecks and Long Buckby. He featured for the first-team for Cogenhoe United, two spells with Long Buckby and briefly for Oxford City before joining Conference North side Histon in 2011. Holman earned a move to Conference Premier club Braintree Town in 2012, and his goalscoring form brought him to the attention of Football League teams, as he signed for Colchester United in 2014. He appeared for Wrexham, Aldershot Town, Dover Athletic and Woking on loan after failing to secure a place in Colchester's first-team. Following his successful loan spell with Woking, Holman joined Cheltenham Town.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Graham John Turner (born 5 October 1947) is an English former footballer who became a manager. His son Mark was also a professional footballer.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Naomi Pomeroy, born in Corvalis, Oregon, in 1974, is a professional chef and restaurateur. In an interview, Pomeroy explains that she began cooking at the age of 3 and created her first recipe at the age of 4. She graduated from Lewis & Clark College in 1997 with a degree in history Pomeroy has no formal culinary or business training; she developed her skills by watching other food-industry professionals. In 2007, she opened the restaurant Beast in Portland, Oregon. Previously, she started Gotham Tavern, Gotham Coffee shop, and ClarkLewis restaurant with Michael Hebb. In 2013, \"Working Mother\" magazine featured an article which details Pomeroy's experiences as a working single parent.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: George Robert Spence (born 6 April 1904, date of death unknown) was an English professional footballer who played as an outside forward. Born in Burnley, he started his career in local-league football with Colne Town. On 8 October 1927, Spence signed as an amateur with Football League Third Division North side Nelson and made his debut for the club in the 3–3 draw with Chesterfield later the same day alongside fellow new signing, goalkeeper William Bossons. He was awarded a professional contract two weeks later and went on to keep his place in the starting eleven for the following seven matches. Spence scored his first goal in senior football in the 4–2 win against Hartlepools United at Seedhill on 5 November 1927, a match which also featured a hat-trick from centre forward Buchanan Sharp.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Charles Buaku Atsina Junior He is a Ghanaian and Italian naturalized professional footballer resident in London and currently playing for Vllanzia in the Albanian Superliga. Born on the 24th March 1989, grew up in Italy where he started his Football academy coached by Vittorio Zerpelloni http://www.calciatori.com/calciatore/zerpelloni-vittorio who was also a professional player from the Italian serie A&B. Atsina speaks four European languages Italian,English,Spanish and German In 2012, he joined AD Alcorcon The Liga Adelante, The 2nd Division club in Madrid With a Deal of €250k for a 1/2year deal plus 1year option,2013 discovered by the scout of Vfl Wolfsburg Frank Benatelli ex professional player and currently coach of Csv Bochum, In 2014, he joined the German side Csv Bochum with 24 appearance 20 goals And 7 Goals in The kreispokal. In 2015, he joined Tus Ennepetal with 22 appearance 5goals in the league and 5goals just in the 1st game of kreispokal https://www.derwesten.de/sport/lokalsport/ennepetal-gevelsberg-schwelm/widerstand-haelt-nur-eine-stunde-id9963722.html. Currently playing for the Finnish club Käpylän Pallo based in Helsinki. A very well known player in Bochum (Germany)for his record goals\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Riyad Karim Mahrez (Arabic: رياض محرز‎ ‎ ; born 21 February 1991) is a professional footballer who plays as a winger for Premier League club Leicester City and the Algeria national team.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Gerhard Sturmberger (1 May 1940 – 13 January 1990) was an Austrian footballer. He played on the Austrian national team for 5 years, from 1965 - 1970, he appeared in 43 international matches. Sturmberger was a defender, he played as a professional footballer from 1959 - 1976, in other words, for 17 years.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Arthur Metcalf (8 April 1889 in Sunderland – 9 February 1936) was an English professional footballer who played as a forward. Metcalf played for a number of amateur clubs in the north-east, before earning a professional contract with Newcastle United in 1909. He could not break into the first team at St. James' Park, however, only making twelve first team appearances before joining Liverpool in 1912. His time at Anfield was largely successful, he finished as the club's top scorer in his first season with 28 goals, and featured in the FA Cup final a year later. Injury struck, however, and he missed much of the 1914-15 season. He was prolific during wartime football, but was not offered a new contract at the end of the conflict, and went on to have a journeyman career, playing for five more clubs before retiring in 1926. His brother, George, was also a professional footballer.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Apiwich Phulek (Thai: อภิวิชฐ์ ภู่เล็ก , born February 5, 1988 as Jetsada Phulek), simply known as Lek (Thai: เล็ก ), is a Thai professional footballer who plays as a Winger for Thai League 2 club Chiangmai. He has featured for the Thai Port first team in the 2009 season mainly as a left winger." ]

[ "Passage 6" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The Three Johns were a post-punk/indie rock band formed in 1981 in Leeds, originally consisting of guitarist Jon Langford (co-founder of the Mekons), vocalist John Hyatt and bassist Phillip \"John\" Brennan, augmented by a drum machine.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Handsome Devil is a punk band that consists of members Danny Walker (vocals, guitar), Billie Stevens (guitar), Keith Morgan (drums), and Brian Wedmore (bass). Originally formed in the spring of 2000 and hailing from Orange County, CA (the same place that spawned Lit, No Doubt, and Social Distortion), Handsome Devil is musically comparable to their regional forefathers, as they list such diverse artists as The Clash, Ozzy Osbourne, The Beatles, The Descendents, and Elvis Costello as important influences who helped shape their sound. The group signed to Lit's Dirty Martini label shortly after forming, and they hit the road opening for such bands as Hoobastank, Zebrahead, and Sprung Monkey. The band toured extensively in 2000 and the first half of 2001 before recording an album. Handsome Devil's debut release, \"Love & Kisses From the Underground\", was issued in September 2001 (although many stores didn't get the album until well after the September 11 release date due to shipping delays brought on by the September 11 attacks.)\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Violent Society is a punk rock band that formed in 1990. The band is based out of Philadelphia, PA. The band was formed in high school by two friends, Mike (Mick), Mike Barbecow, and drummer Andy Petrov. Bill (Dirty Rotten Bill) and Pat Kelly filled out the lineup in 1990/91. Dave (Huevos) replaced Bill shortly before recording the album. \"Not Enjoyin' It\" In 1996 that was produced by scott stedeford and landed in the top 10 punk albums of the 90's. \"The Rise of Punk\" album was released along with about a half dozen singles, that included East Coast Assholes that was released in 1994 and also received similar acclaim. The year 1997 saw the release of \"Times of Distraught\" and in 1999, \"Separation is Killing Us,\" the final album before breaking up. Violent Society has toured the United States and Europe numerous times. The band primarily stopped playing together in 2003, occasionally performing \"reunion\" shows from. However, the band has since regrouped in 2008 with the current lineup. 2010 saw a return to touring with a West Coast tour in June along with the release of \"We Don't Believe\" on Creep Records. The band recently recorded new material for a soon-to-be-released Kill Your Idols tribute album and an upcoming Christmas compilation. The band reached back to olden days to capture Showcase Showdown's \"Merry Christmas, I Fucked Your Snowman\". They are now concentrating on new material.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Without Grace are a rock band from Guildford, Surrey. They have recently announced on their web page that they will be taking a break from the band to pursue any other careers. \"Without Grace\", originally called Jelutong, met at the age of 13 at school. Jon and Matt where the first members of the band to play together, playing in bands from the age of 11. After leaving school the band changed their name to \"Without Grace\" and signed to Management company \"Hug Management\". In 2004 the band signed to Universal and recorded their debut single 20 Yards Away which was never released after the band was dropped when their A&R left. The band, still determined, recorded their debut album at Invincible Studios and released it in 2006 through Genius Twin. The band split in 2007 due to the members drifting apart musically. Singer Markus formed a solo project, entitled Spotlight Cannibal, keeping Jonty on drums, but more recently he has been fronting the hard rock band The Royal Cartel who have supported Marillion. Matt went on to from Flame to Fire with previous members of rock band Radiate, Steve Bradfield and G Rubery.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: I Killed the Prom Queen is an Australian metalcore band from Adelaide, formed in 2000. The band feature prominently on the Australian live music scene and toured the U.S., Japan and parts of Europe several times. They issued 3 studio albums, \"When Goodbye Means Forever...\" (2003) \"Music for the Recently Deceased\" (2006) – the latter reached the top 30 on the ARIA Albums Chart and most recently \"Beloved\" (2014). The group split up in April 2007 due to the inability to find a permanent vocalist. I Killed the Prom Queen reformed to play a farewell tour in mid-2008 and released a live album and DVD, \"Sleepless Nights and City Lights\", which peaked in the top 50. In May 2011, the band reformed for the Destroy Music Tour with new vocalist Jamie Hope and spent the next two years working on a third studio album, which was released in early 2014.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Paul Newton (born 21 February 1948, Andover, Hampshire) is a British rock musician. He was bassist with progressive group \"Shinn\" which featured organist Don Shinn and drummer Brian \"Blinky\" Davison and then joined a reformed line-up of \"The Gods\" with Ken Hensley and Lee Kerslake. He was the original bass guitarist for Uriah Heep, and played on the band's first three albums. He subsequently played for a band called \"Festival\" for several years on the Mecca Palais circuit and also worked as a studio musician and appeared on various recordings. More recently he has performed with other ex-members of Uriah Heep (Ken Hensley, John Lawton & Lee Kerslake) in \"Uriah Heep Legends\" and continues to do this.Has recently appeared with \"Behind Closed Doors, a band formed by son, Julian and was also a member of Ledbury rock band \"The Rocking Aces\" until they disbanded in December 2013. Currently working with singer/guiarist Chris Rainbow and with \"The Business\" plus session work for various bands/artistes. Newton/Rainbow Project CD \"Licence to Rock\" is now available through cdbaby.com.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: X-Sinner is an American hard rock band formed in 1988 by guitarist Greg Bishop. The band is known for having a very similar sound to that of AC/DC, Kix and Def Leppard and has continued performing and releasing albums today. Originating in the White Metal scene, the band has expanded their fan base into mainstream metal over the years with great success. They were named the favorite new band of 1989 by the readers of \"HM Magazine\", and their debut album \"Get It\" was one of the most talked about albums within the white metal scene at the time. Their first two albums were produced by John Elefante formerly of the band Kansas and released on Pakaderm Records, as well as on the mainstream A&M Records label of Hollywood. They have released five full-length albums including the latest album \"A World Covered In Blood\" now on Image Records. Experiencing a resurgence of interest with the release of \"World Covered In Blood\" in 2009/10, the band has gone on to perform in Europe recently as well as concerts in the U.S. and Canada. The band has opened for many mainstream metal artists like Warrant and Paul Dianno as well as headlining and performing at rock festivals and performing concerts of their own. The band has united with members of Rex's new side project GX for their live performances recently and have added that material to their live set list. X-Sinner's album, \"Going Out With a Bang\", will be released track by track starting in 2014.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Blindside is a Christian rock band from Tumba, Sweden. They formed in the Christian metal scene in Stockholm in 1994 as Underfree and released the EP \"Empty Box\" with Day-Glo Records before changing their name in 1996 and releasing the \"Blindside\" album in 1997. Another album, \"A Thought Crushed My Mind\", came out in 2000. The group received greater attention in 2001 when they toured with P.O.D., resulting in a contract with Elektra. In 2002 they released the album \"Silence\" and in 2003 they toured in support of Hoobastank. A 2004 headlining tour suffered equipment theft but then Blindside released \"About a Burning Fire\". Losing support from their label, the next year Blindside released \"The Great Depression\" independently, and they put out the DVD \"Ten Years Running Blind\"." ]

[]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Jeff Hoover (born January 18, 1960 in Albany, Kentucky) is a Republican member of the Kentucky House of Representatives representing the 83rd district where he has served since 1996. Hoover was selected to serve as House Minority Caucus Chair in 1999, and served as House Minority Leader, a position he held 2001 to 2017. Hoover is a 1982 graduate of Centre College and a 1987 graduate of Cumberland School of Law. Hoover unsuccessfully ran for Lieutenant Governor of the State of Kentucky in 2007 as the running mate of former U.S. Rep. Anne Northup; their slate received 36.5% of the vote in the primary against Gov. Ernie Fletcher.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: William J. Maguire (June 12, 1916 – October 2, 1997) was an American Republican Party politician who served in the New Jersey General Assembly from 1976 to 1982. He served as Mayor of Clark, New Jersey and as a Union County Freeholder. Maguire was elected to the State Assembly in 1975, running with future Governor Donald DiFrancesco; they defeated incumbent Democrat Betty Wilson and her running mate, William A. Wolf, the Rahway Democratic Municipal Chairman. He was re-elected in 1977. Following the resignation of State Senator Peter J. McDonough in 1979, Maguire ran for the State Senate, but lost a vote of a Republican convention to DiFrancesco. He was re-elected to the Assembly, with future Congressman Bob Franks as his running mate. Maguire's political career came to an end in 1981, when redistricting traded Democratic towns in Union County for solid Republican towns in Essex County. DiFrancesco was facing a primary challenge from an Essex County Republican; to secure the Essex organization line in a district where Republican primary election voters were evenly split between Essex and Union, DiFrancesco agreed to put an Essex Republican on his ticket. John Renna, the Essex Republican Chairman, preferred that Franks (who had worked on Renna's 1977 bid for County Chairman), get the second Assembly seat. Maguire, replaced by Millburn Mayor Maureen Ogden, did not run for re-election.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Diane E. Benson (born May 10, 1954) is an Alaskan politician, inspirational speaker, video production consultant, published writer and dramatist. On August 24, 2010, she became the Democratic nominee for lieutenant governor of Alaska, defeating three other opponents in the Democratic primary. Benson's running mate for governor was former state House minority leader Ethan Berkowitz; they lost in the general election to the Republican ticket of Sean Parnell and Mead Treadwell by 22% of the vote.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Rocco M. Clarizio (December 17, 1916 – August 24, 1990) was an American Republican Party politician from Newark, New Jersey. He ran for the U.S. House of Representatives in 1964 and for the New Jersey State Senate in 1977, but lost both times in the Republican primary. In 1964, Clarizio became a candidate for Congress in New Jersey’s 10th district, seeking to challenge Democratic incumbent Peter W. Rodino. In a historic primary where he was the only white candidate, Clarizio finished third behind two Black Republicans, William L. Stubbs and Dr. Harold R. Scott. Stubbs, who became the first Black to win a major party nomination for Congressman from New Jersey, won 5,148 (63%) to 2,217 (26%) for Scott, with Clarizio finishing third with 892 votes (11%). In 1977, Clarizo sought the Republican nomination for State Senator in the 28th legislative district, where Democratic incumbent Martin L. Greenberg was seeking re-election to a second term. The GOP primary included three candidates, each aligned with a different candidate for the Republican nomination for Governor: Rev. James A. Pindar ran on a line with Assembly Minority Leader Thomas Kean; Joan Lacey Mazauskas ran with State Sen. Raymond Bateman, and Clarizio was allied with former Senate Minority Leader C. Robert Sarcone. Pindar defeated Mazauskas by just 207 votes, 1,482 (42.04%) to 1,275 (36.17%), while Clarizio ran a distant third with 768 votes (21.79%).\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Ronald L. Rice (born December 18, 1945) is an American Democratic Party politician who has served in the New Jersey State Senate since 1986, where he represents the 28th Legislative District. While serving in the Senate, Rice has held a variety of different leadership roles including Associate Minority Leader (1998-2001), Assistant Deputy Minority Leader (1994-1997), and Assistant Majority Leader (1990-1991). His son, Ronald C. Rice, is a former city councilman in Newark, New Jersey. He is the fourth-most senior senator in the state, behind Richard Codey, Gerald Cardinale, and Raymond Lesniak.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Angelo J. Arculeo (18 February 1924 – 9 March 2013) was an American accountant, lawyer, and Republican Party politician from New York City who represented parts of southern Brooklyn in the New York City Council from 1962 to 1982. He served as Minority Leader of that body twice, from 1962 to 1970, and from 1973 to 1982. During the period between his two terms as Minority Leader he continued to serve as Republican Party Leader.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Brian M. Kolb (born August 14, 1952) is the New York State assemblyman from the 131st District, and is the minority leader of the Assembly. He was unanimously chosen as minority leader in April 2009, following the resignation of Jim Tedisco.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Joan Lacey Mazauskas (January 25, 1933 - April 23, 2003) was an American author and Republican Party politician. She was the author of \"Mayday! Mayday! Eastern Airlines In A Tailspin!\" (1990). In 1977, Mazauskas sought the Republican nomination for State Senator in the 28th legislative district of New Jersey, where Democratic incumbent Martin L. Greenberg was seeking re-election to a second term. The GOP primary included three candidates, each aligned with a different candidate for the Republican nomination for Governor: Joan Lacey Mazauskas ran with State Sen. Raymond Bateman, Rev. James A. Pindar ran on a line with Assembly Minority Leader Thomas Kean; and Rocco Clarizio was allied with former Senate Minority Leader C. Robert Sarcone. Pindar defeated Mazauskas by just 207 votes, 1,482 (42.04%) to 1,275 (36.17%), while Clarizio ran a distant third with 768 votes (21.79%). Her husband, George Mazauskas, served as a Town Councilman in Irvington, New Jersey." ]

[]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Twelve O'Clock High is a 1949 American war film about aircrews in the United States Army's Eighth Air Force who flew daylight bombing missions against Nazi Germany and occupied France during the early days of American involvement in World War II, including a thinly disguised version of the notorious Black Thursday strike against Schweinfurt. The film was adapted by Sy Bartlett, Henry King (uncredited) and Beirne Lay, Jr. from the 1948 novel \"12 O'Clock High\", also by Bartlett and Lay. It was directed by King and stars Gregory Peck, Hugh Marlowe, Gary Merrill, Millard Mitchell and Dean Jagger.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Lig Sinn i gCathú (Irish: \"Lead us into temptation\") is a novel by the Irish writer Breandán Ó hEithir. The story is set in the university town of Baile an Chaisil, a thinly disguised Galway City, in 1949, the year Ireland declared itself a republic and withdrew from the British Commonwealth. Máirtín Ó Mealóid, a pub-crawling university student, and his disreputable friends are too busy drinking and lusting after girls to pay much attention to this significant political development. The story takes place over four days from Thursday 14 April to Monday 18 April.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: En route is a novel by the French writer Joris-Karl Huysmans and was first published in 1895. It is the second of Huysmans' books to feature the character Durtal, a thinly disguised portrait of the author himself. Durtal had already appeared in \"Là-bas\", investigating Satanism. \"En route\" and the two subsequent two novels, \"La cathédrale\" and \"L'oblat\", trace his conversion to Catholicism, an experience which reflects the author's own. As Huysmans explained:\"The plot of the novel is as simple as it could be. I've taken the principal character of \"Là-Bas\", Durtal, had him converted and sent him to a Trappist monastery. In studying his conversion, I've tried to trace the progress of a soul surprised by the gift of grace, and developing in an ecclesiastical atmosphere, to the accompaniment of mystical literature, liturgy, and plainchant, against a background of all that admirable art which the Church has created\". (quoted in Baldick p.288)The novel was published by Tresse et Stock on February 23, 1895. Its literary qualities were generally appreciated at once (Paul Valéry was especially enthusiastic) but many expressed doubts as to the sincerity of Huysmans' religious conversion until the author was defended at a public lecture by Abbé Mugnier. \"En route\" was a commercial success and rapidly went through several editions. It is also notable for being one of the texts requested by Oscar Wilde during his incarceration at Reading Gaol.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Mariposa (2009) is a science fiction novel written by Greg Bear as both a sequel to \"Quantico\" and a prequel to \"Queen of Angels\", featuring characters from both earlier works. Set in 2021 America, whose government is more than fifty trillion dollars in debt, the novel follows an FBI investigation of the Talos Corporation (a thinly disguised Blackwater) which plans to disable the power grid across the entire Eastern seaboard in a simultaneous, coordinated attack of domestic terrorism, which will trigger the provisions of a law Congress passed authorizing Federal lands and resources as collateral to continue borrowing funds from overseas. Unexpected help comes from a secret weapon in the Federal arsenal, non-nuclear EMP, as well as a mute Mind Design proto-AI named Jones, early precursor to Jill, who has a back door into Talos.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Der Weisskunig or The White King is a chivalric novel and thinly disguised biography of the Holy Roman Emperor, Maximilian I, (1486–1519) written in German by Maximilian and his secretary between 1505 and 1516. Although not explicitly identified as such in the book, Maximilian appears as the \"young\" White King, with his father Frederick III represented as the \"old\" White King.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: White Hunter Black Heart is a 1990 American adventure drama film directed by and starring Clint Eastwood and based on the 1953 book of the same name by Peter Viertel. Viertel also co-wrote the script with James Bridges and Burt Kennedy. The film is a thinly disguised account of writer Peter Viertel's experiences while working on the classic 1951 film \"The African Queen\", which was shot on location in Africa at a time when location shoots outside of the United States for American films were very rare. The main character, brash director John Wilson, played by Eastwood, is based on real-life director John Huston. Jeff Fahey plays Pete Verrill, a character based on Viertel. George Dzundza's character is based on \"African Queen\" producer Sam Spiegel. Marisa Berenson's character Kay Gibson and Richard Vanstone's character Phil Duncan, are based on Katharine Hepburn and Humphrey Bogart, respectively.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Reminiscences of a Stock Operator is a 1923 roman à clef by American author Edwin Lefèvre which is the thinly disguised biography of Jesse Lauriston Livermore. The \"Wall Street Journal\" described the book as a \"classic\", it was ranked #15 on 'Fortune's 75 The Smartest Books We Know', and Alan Greenspan said it is \"a font of investing wisdom.\"\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: In natural language processing, open information extraction (OIE) is the task of generating a structured, machine-readable representation of the information in text, usually in the form of triples or n-ary propositions. A proposition can be understood as truth-bearer, a textual expression of a potential fact (e.g., \"Dante wrote the Divine Comedy\"), represented in an amenable structure for computers [e.g., (\"Dante\", \"wrote\", \"Divine Comedy\")]. An OIE extraction normally consists of a relation and a set of arguments. For instance, (\"Dante\", \"passed away in\" \"Ravenna\") is a proposition formed by the relation \"passed away in\" and the arguments \"Dante\" and \"Ravenna\". The first argument is usually referred as the subject while the second is considered to be the object.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Kedia was born into a Marwari family, a family of stockbrokers. He realised his passion for stock market when he was 14. And he joined stock market when he turned 19. He joined stock market not only because of his passion but because of compulsion when his father passed away. To run the family he got into the family business of trading and stock broking. Kedia never liked broking thus left his family’s stock-broking business after three years and started doing his own trading without any success. After few years he left Kolkata and came to Mumbai to try his luck. . In 2004 and 2005 he identified and invested in three such shares (Atul auto, Aegis logistics, Cera sanitaryware) which appreciated more than 100 times in next 10 to 12 years. In early 2012, he correctly predicted that India was at the beginning of a structural bull run. In 2016 Kedia was featured at #13 in Business World list of Successful Investors In India In 2017 \"MoneyLife Advisory\" launched an \"Ask Vijay Kedia microsite Kedia strictly adheres to SMILE as a principle in investing; which translates into Small in size, Medium in experience, Large in aspiration and Extra-large in market potential. In 2017 Vijay Kedia's portfolio stocks rose upto 170%." ]

[ "Passage 7" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The Chuck Norris Experiment also known as CNE is a Swedish hard rock band formed in 2004 with punk rock influences and is based in Gothenburg. The name is not a tribute to the actor Chuck Norris, but rather to the American blues guitarist Charles \"Chuck\" Norris. The debut album was the self-titled \"Chuck Norris Experiment\" in 2005 on the Italian record label Scarey Records and the Finnish label Bad Attitude Records, and in the USA by Devil Doll Records with adding of two bonus tracks. The band has released 8 studio albums and in 2012, a split album with Nick Oliveri.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Darkest Hour is an American heavy metal band from Washington, D.C., formed in 1995. Though failing to break early in their career, the band has received acclaim for their albums \"Undoing Ruin\", \"Deliver Us\", and \"The Eternal Return\". \"Deliver Us\" debuted at number 110 on the Billboard album charts, with sales of 6,600, and their more recent effort \"The Eternal Return\" garnered them an even higher position in the Billboard album charts at number 104. Their latest self-titled effort charted at 102 on the Billboard 200, a peak for the band, and it marked a stylistic shift in the band's discography.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Serianna was a metalcore band from Madison, Wisconsin. The band formed in 2006, but disbanded in 2013 due to losing two key members. Chris Nutting started a new project called Steady/Steady which, instead of Metalcore/Post-hardcore, this new band plays Indie Rock . Guitarist Kris Meyer-Ruef later started playing in a new band called Deadset.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Hidden Hands Of A Sadist Nation is the third full-length studio album by American melodic death metal band Darkest Hour. It was released in 2003, and contains nine tracks on the regular release and ten for the Japanese release and the limited edition DVD. \"For The Soul of the Savior\" includes a solo by Kris Norris which replaces the last part of the original song.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Godless Prophets & the Migrant Flora is the ninth studio album by American extreme metal band Darkest Hour. It was released worldwide on March 10, 2017 through Southern Lord Records. The album features guest guitarist Kris Norris who previously played with the band from 2001 to 2008, contributing with some additional guitar work. Early preorders of the album were bundled with their first full-length live DVD recorded in 2015 for the 10th anniversary of \"Undoing Ruin\". This was limited to 1100 copies. The band made a digital version of the album available to fans who contributed to their Indiegogo campaign on February 17, 2017.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Scar the Martyr was an American heavy metal band, consisting of Joey Jordison, Kris Norris, Jed Simon, Kyle Konkiel, and Matthew Tarach.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Andy Frasco & The U.N. are an American blues rock band formed in Los Angeles, California, United States in 2007. The band consists of Andrew Frasco (lead vocals, keys), Ernie Chang (saxophone), Shawn Eckels (guitar, vocals) and a consistently rotating and evolving cast of additional band members to form the U.N. Additional featured members of the U.N. include Daniel Avila (guitar), Andee Avila (drums, vocals), Supa Man (bass guitar) from the band Philosophy of Soul, as well as members of the Kris Lager Band: Kris Lager (guitar, vocals), Jeremiah Weir (organ, keys), Brandon Miller (bass guitar), John Fairchild (drums). Matt Owen (Tuba) of Eclectic Tuba is the most recent member of the band. To date, the band has released five studio albums \"Love, You're Just Too Expensive\" (2010), \"Road Life Revival\" (2012), \"Just a Good Ole Time\" (2013), \"Half a Man\" (2014), and \"Happy Bastards\" (2016). In 2017 they released their first live album (CD and DVD) entiteled \"Songs From The Road\" which was recorded in August 2016 at the \"Tucher Blues and Jazz Festival\" in Bamberg, Germany.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Magna Carta Records is an independent record label located in Rochester, New York. Magna Carta was formed in 1989 and is owned by Peter Morticelli and his partner Mike Varney. The label, named for the 1215 English document advancing democracy, the Magna Carta, has a diverse line-up consisting of musicians from many different genres, but is best known for many of its progressive rock / metal acts. Among the artists featured on the label are OHMphrey, Alex Skolnick Trio, Dave Martone, Kris Norris and Doug Pinnick (of King's X).\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Adema is a nu metal band from Bakersfield, California. The band formed in 2000 with members lead vocalist Mark Chavez, vocalist/guitarist Tim Fluckey, guitarist Mike Ransom, bassist Dave DeRoo, and drummer Kris Kohls. After their first two albums, \"Adema\", and \"Unstable\", the band was plagued with years of conflict and lineup changes. Ransom left the band in 2003 due to conflicts with Chavez followed by Chavez later in 2004 due to conflicts with the rest of the band. Luke Caraccioli replaced Chavez in early 2005 for one album, \"Planets\", but then left a few months later in late 2005. Vocalist Bobby Reeves and guitarist Ed Farris, both from the band Level, were recruited to join as well, but only released one album, \"Kill the Headlights\" in 2007, before entering a hiatus. The band's original line up reformed in late 2009 and toured, but both Ransom and Chavez left again before any new music would be recorded. Fluckey took over lead vocals from 2011 to 2017. The lineup released an EP, \"Topple the Giants.\" In 2013 Ransom returned once again; Chavez rejoined the band again in March 2017, solidifying the current line-up." ]

[ "Passage 2" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The United Red Army (連合赤軍 , \"Rengō Sekigun\" ) was a Japanese revolutionary armed group, established on 15 July 1971. It united the Marxist–Leninist-Maoist Red Army Faction (赤軍派 , \"Sekigunha\" ) , led in 1971 by Tsuneo Mori, and the Reformed Marxist Revolutionary Left Wing group, Japanese Communist Party Kanagawa Prefecture Committee, aka Keihin Anti-Security Treaty Joint Struggle Group (京浜安保共闘 , \"Keihin Anbo Kyoutou\" ) led by Hiroko Nagata. The United Red Army had 29 members and lost 14 by killing them in less than a year. Most were members of the New Left.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Chinese-Trinidadian and Tobagonian (sometimes Sino-Trinidadian and Tobagonian or Chinese Trinbagonian) are Trinidadians and Tobagonians of Chinese ancestry. The group includes people from China, Hong Kong and Overseas Chinese who have immigrated to Trinidad and Tobago and their descendants, including those who have emigrated to other countries (especially the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom, but also to other countries including China). The term is usually applied both to people of mixed and unmixed Chinese ancestry, although the former usually appear as mixed race in census figures. Chinese settlement began in 1806. Between 1853 and 1866 2,645 Chinese immigrants arrived in Trinidad as indentured labour for the sugar and cacao plantations. Immigration peaked in the first half of the twentieth century, but was sharply curtailed after the Chinese Revolution in 1949. After peaking at 8,361 in 1960, the (unmixed) Chinese population in Trinidad declined to 3,800 in 2000.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Wang Ming (; May 23, 1904 – March 27, 1974) was a senior leader of the early Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the mastermind of the famous 28 Bolsheviks group. Wang was also a major political rival of Mao Zedong during the 1930s, opposing what he saw as Mao's nationalist deviation from the Comintern and orthodox Marxist–Leninist lines. According to Mao on the other hand, Wang epitomized the intellectualism and foreign dogmatism Mao criticized in his essays \"On Practice\" and \"On Contradiction\". The competition between Wang and Mao was a reflection of the power struggle between the Soviet Union, through the vehicle of the Comintern, and the CCP to control both the direction and future of the Chinese revolution.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Far-left politics politics in the United Kingdom have existed since at least the turn of the 20th century, with the formation of various Marxist, anarchist and syndicalist organisations. Following the 1917 Russian Revolution and developments in international Marxism, groups advocating an array of far-left ideologies developed, such as Marxist-Leninism, Left Communism and Trotskyism. Following the 1949 Chinese Revolution, further international developments from the 1960s led to the emergence of Maoist (and later Hoxhaist) groups. Political schisms within Trotskyism also created a number of new political organisations in the late 1940s and between the 1970s and 1990s.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Arthur Doak Barnett (8 October 1921, Shanghai – 17 March 1999 Washington, D.C.), known as A. Doak Barnett, was an American journalist, political scientist, and public figure who wrote about the domestic politics and the foreign relations of China and United States-China relations. He published more than 20 academic and public interest books and edited still others. Barnett's parents were missionaries in China, and Barnett used his Chinese language ability while travelling widely in China as a journalist before 1949. He grounded his journalism and his scholarship in exact detail and clear language. Starting in the 1950s, when there were no formal diplomatic relations between the United States and the People's Republic of China, he organized public outreach programs and lobbied the United States government to put those relations on a new basis.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Sarah “Sally” Christine Wolfe (25 December 1885 – 15 July 1975) was a medical missionary who served in China from 1915-1951, despite working amidst much political turmoil. She came from a strong Methodist family and upon leaving Ireland, became part of the Methodist Missionary Society. When she arrived in China, Wolfe joined the Jubilee Women’s hospital at the Wesleyan Mission in Hankow, where she worked among other European missionaries and ran Bible classes for women and children. Wolfe’s time in China was marked by much political strife, as she arrived four years after the Chinese Revolution of 1911 and witnessed the Chinese Civil War, which began in 1927. In 1951, after serving the Chinese people for nearly forty years, Sally Wolfe left China due to strong xenophobia towards foreign missionaries and conflict between Communists and the Kuomintang (Chinese Nationalist Party).\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: States and Social Revolutions: A Comparative Analysis of France, Russia and China is a 1979 book by political scientist and sociologist Theda Skocpol, published by Cambridge University Press and explaining the causes of revolutions through the structural functionalism sociological paradigm comparative historical analysis of the French Revolution of 1789 through the early 19th century, the Russian Revolution of 1917 through the 1930s and the Chinese Revolution of 1911 through the Cultural Revolution in the 1960s. Skocpol argues that these three cases, despite being spread over a century and a half, are similar in the sense that all three were social revolutions.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The term China Marines, also known as \"North China Marines\", originally referred to the United States Marines, of the 4th Marine Regiment, who were stationed in Shanghai, China from 1927 to 1941 to protect American citizens and property in the Shanghai International Settlement, during the Chinese Revolution and the Second Sino-Japanese War." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: My Boss, My Teacher () is a 2006 South Korean film and sequel to the 2001 film \"My Boss, My Hero\". It was followed by \"The Mafia, The Salesman\" in 2007.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Unstoppable Marriage is a 2007 South Korean romantic comedy film. It stars veteran actors Kim Soo-mi and Im Chae-moo alongside popstar and television actress Eugene and Ha Seok-jin. The film is Eugene's big screen debut, and is also the directorial debut of Kim Seong-wook, who previously worked as an assistant director on other films such as \"Fun Movie\" (2002), \"My Teacher, Mr. Kim\" (2003) and \"Lovely Rivals\" (2004).\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Everybody Says I'm Fine! is an Indian film, released on 12 September 2001 at the Toronto Film Festival. It marks the directorial debut of Indian actor Rahul Bose. For his work on \"Everybody Says I'm Fine!\" Bose won the runner-up John Schlesinger Award for best directorial debut at the 2003 Palm Springs International Film Festival.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: R2B: Return to Base () is a 2012 South Korean aviation action drama film loosely based on the critically acclaimed 1986 film Top Gun. The film stars Rain, Shin Se-kyung and Yoo Jun-sang in lead roles. It was directed by Kim Dong-won and is a remake of Shin Sang-ok's 1964 film \"Red Scarf\". It is about a talented, yet troublemaking, elite air force pilot who is demoted to a combat flying unit. It was released on 15 August 2012. Republic of Korea Air Force was heavily involved to support filming.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Kim Ki-duk (29 September 1934 – 7 September 2017) was a South Korean film director and professor. Best known outside of Korea for his 1967 giant monster film \"\", Kim Ki-duk directed 66 movies in total from his directorial debut in 1961 until his retirement from the film industry in 1977. Along with Kim Soo-yong and Lee Man-hee, Kim was one of the leading young directors of the Korean cinematic wave of the 1960s. The most distinctive and successful genre of this period was the melodrama (청춘영화 - \"cheongchun yeonghwa\"). He is not related to Kim Ki-duk, the South Korean director of \"3-Iron\".\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: City of Damnation (Hangul: 유감스러운 도시 ; RR: \"Yoogamseureowoon dosi \"; MR: \"Yugamsŭrŏun tosi \" ) is a 2009 South Korean film directed by Kim Dong-won and is a remake of the 2002 Hong Kong film \"Infernal Affairs\".\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Kim Dong-won (born February 24, 1955) is a South Korean documentary filmmaker. Kim is best known for his documentary films \"Repatriation\" (2004) and \"63 Years On\" (2008).\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Kim Dong-won () is a Korean name consisting of the family name Kim and the given name Dong-won, and may also refer to:\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Cho Ui-seok (born January 1, 1976) is a South Korean film director and screenwriter. Cho made his debut with the action comedy \"Make It Big\" (2002), making him one of the youngest directors in Korea at the age of 26. With dynamic set of characters and by tackling a conventional genre in a witty way, Cho was immediately in the spotlight upon the film's release. His third feature is the smash hit investigation thriller \"Cold Eyes\" (2013). His fourth film was the star-studded thriller \"Master\" (2016), featuring Lee Byung-hun, Kang Dong-won and Kim Woo-bin. Released in December, it grossed USD 34 million with 4.9 million total admissions, making it the No. 11 bestselling film for 2016 in Korea." ]

[ "Passage 1" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: According to books by Tyson Blue (\"The Unseen King\"), Stephen J. Spignesi (\"The Lost Work of Stephen King\"), and Rocky Wood \"et al.\" (\"Stephen King: Uncollected, Unpublished\"), there are numerous unpublished works by Stephen King that have come to light throughout King's career. These allegedly include novels and short stories, most of which remain unfinished. Most are stored among Stephen King's papers in the special collections of the Raymond H. Fogler Library at the University of Maine, some of which are freely accessible to the library's visitors. However, others require King's permission to read. Additionally, there are a number of uncollected short stories, published throughout King's long career in various anthologies and periodicals, that have never been published in a King collection.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The Dark Half is a 1993 American horror film adaptation of the Stephen King novel of the same name. The film was directed by George A. Romero and stars Timothy Hutton as Thad Beaumont and George Stark, Amy Madigan as Liz Beaumont, Michael Rooker as Sheriff Alan Pangborn and Royal Dano in his final film.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The following is a partial list of characters from Stephen King's novel \"The Stand\". The novel was published in 1978, with its narrative set during the 1980s; however, a second edition was released in 1990, is considerably longer than the first version (1,200 pages compared to 800 pages), and is set in the 1990s. The two versions are essentially the same, although some content was added in the second version, including a new ending. The book was also adapted into a television mini-series, starring Gary Sinise, and was released by the American Broadcasting Company (ABC) network in 1994. In 2008, Marvel Comics published a comic book adaptation that was ended in 2012. Warner Bros. Pictures released an announcement in January 2011 that the company would be producing a movie remake of the King novel.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Thinner (marketed as Stephen King's Thinner) is a 1996 American body horror film directed by Tom Holland and written by Michael McDowell and Holland. The film is based on the Stephen King novel of the same name and stars Robert John Burke, Joe Mantegna, Lucinda Jenney, Michael Constantine, Kari Wührer and Bethany Joy Lenz.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Storm of the Century, alternatively known as Stephen King's Storm of the Century, is a 1999 horror TV miniseries written by Stephen King and directed by Craig R. Baxley. Unlike many other King mini-series, \"Storm of the Century\" was not based upon a Stephen King novel—King wrote it as a screenplay from the beginning. The screenplay was published in February 1999.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Haven is a supernatural drama television series loosely based on the Stephen King novel \"The Colorado Kid\". The show, filmed on the South Shore of Nova Scotia, Canada, is an American/Canadian co-production. Haven is also the name of the town where the protagonist goes and where she discovers numerous townfolk afflicted with supernatural problems. Haven residents refer to these problems collectively as The Troubles. Each episode deals with an incident arising from the town's Troubles. The following list includes all the principal fictional characters who have appeared in the television series.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Rose Madder is a fantasy novel by American writer Stephen King, published in 1995. It deals with the effects of domestic violence (which King had touched upon before in the novels \"It\", \"Insomnia\", \"Dolores Claiborne\", \"Needful Things\", and many others) and, unusually for a King novel, relies for its fantastic element on Greek mythology. In his memoir, \"\", King states that \"Rose Madder\" and \"Insomnia\" are \"stiff, trying-too-hard novels.\"\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Dolores Claiborne is a 1992 psychological thriller novel by Stephen King. The novel is narrated by the title character. Atypically for a King novel, it has no chapters, double-spacing between paragraphs, or other section breaks; thus the text is a single continuous narrative which reads like the transcription of a spoken monologue. It was the best-selling novel of 1992 in the United States." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Cheney Brannon (born April 29, 1973) is an American musician. He is a former drummer for the rock band Collective Soul, and is the current drummer for acts such as Cheap Thrill, Riley Biederer, John Corabi and Joel Kosche.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Brides of Destruction was a short-lived American hard rock supergroup from Los Angeles, California, formed in 2002. The band's last lineup consisted of singer London LeGrand (vocals), Tracii Guns (lead guitar) and Scot Coogan (drums, percussion). Previous members of the band were Nikki Sixx (bass), Kris Kohls (drums), Adam Hamilton (keyboard), John Corabi (rhythm guitar), Scott Sorry (bass) and Ginger (rhythm guitar).\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: \"Misunderstood\" is a power ballad by the American heavy metal band Mötley Crüe, released on their 1994 eponymous album. The lyrics were written by vocalist/guitarist John Corabi and bassist Nikki Sixx, while the music was written by Corabi, Sixx, drummer Tommy Lee and guitarist Mick Mars. The song charted at number 24 on the Mainstream rock charts.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Eric Singer Project is an American rock band. ESP was founded in the 1990s by Eric Singer, drummer for such acts as Lita Ford, Black Sabbath, Badlands, Alice Cooper, and Kiss, along with Bruce Kulick (Kiss, Grand Funk Railroad) on guitar, John Corabi (The Scream, Mötley Crüe, Ratt) on guitar and bass, and Karl Cochran on guitar and bass. Vocals duties were shared by Eric, John, and Karl.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: \"Hooligan's Holiday\" is a song by American heavy metal band, Mötley Crüe, released on their 1994 eponymous album. The lyrics to the song were written by vocalist/rhythm guitarist John Corabi and bassist Nikki Sixx, while the music was written by Corabi, Sixx, drummer Tommy Lee and guitarist Mick Mars.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Jason Francesco Schwartzman (born June 26, 1980) is an American actor, screenwriter and musician. He is known for his frequent collaborations with Wes Anderson, such as \"Rushmore\" (1998), \"The Darjeeling Limited\" (2007), \"Fantastic Mr. Fox\" (2009), \"Moonrise Kingdom\" (2012) and \"The Grand Budapest Hotel\" (2014). He also starred in other films, such as \"Spun\" (2003), \"I Heart Huckabees\" (2004), \"Shopgirl\" (2005), \"Marie Antoinette\" (2006), \"Funny People\" (2009), \"Scott Pilgrim vs. the World\" (2010), and \"Saving Mr. Banks\" (2013).\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Bruce Howard Kulick (born December 12, 1953) is an American guitarist, musician and since 2000 a member of the band Grand Funk Railroad. Previously, Kulick was a long-time member of the band Kiss (1984-1996). He was also a member of Union with John Corabi from 1997-2002, and Blackjack from 1979 to 1980.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Dreamland is a 2016 American comedy, drama, music film, directed by Robert Schwartzman in directorial debut, from a screenplay by Benjamin Font and Schwartzman. It stars Johnny Simmons, Amy Landecker, Jason Schwartzman, Noël Wells, Alan Ruck, Beverly D'Angelo, Talia Shire, Shay Mitchell, Frankie Shaw and Nick Thune.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Mötley Crüe is the eponymous sixth studio album by American heavy metal band Mötley Crüe. It was released on March 15, 1994, and is the only album that does not feature lead singer Vince Neil, who had departed from the band in 1992. Neil was replaced by former The Scream vocalist John Corabi on the album." ]

[ "Passage 6" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: 3 Times Square, also known as the Thomson Reuters Building, is a 32 floor skyscraper in the Times Square district of Midtown Manhattan, New York City, United States. Located on 7th Avenue between 42nd Street and 43rd Street, the building was part of the large 42nd Street redevelopment project. Built in by Tishman Construction, the 855000 sqft building serves as the headquarters of Thomson Reuters. The building is also home to the New York City offices for\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The Lyric Theatre was a prominent Broadway theatre built in 1903 in Manhattan, New York City in the 42nd Street Theater District. It was one of the few New York houses having two formal entrances, at 213 West 42nd Street and 214-26 West 43rd Street. In 1934, it was converted into a movie theatre which it remained until closing in 1992. In 1996, its interior was demolished and the space was combined with that of the former Apollo Theatre to create the Ford Center, which has since taken the Lyric Theatre name. Both the 42nd and 43rd Street facades of the original Lyric were preserved and today form the front and back entrances of the modern Lyric Theatre.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: 42nd Street was a station on the demolished IRT Sixth Avenue Line. It had 2 tracks and two side platforms. It was served by trains from the IRT Sixth Avenue Line, and was located near sites such as the New York Public Library headquarters, Bryant Park, and the New York Hippodrome. It closed on December 4, 1938. The next southbound stop was 38th Street. The next northbound stop was 50th Street. Two years later, the rapid transit needs of the intersection were replaced by the IND Sixth Avenue Line platforms of the 42nd Street / Fifth Avenue – Bryant Park subway station complex.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Grand Central–42nd Street is a major station complex of the New York City Subway. Located in Midtown Manhattan at the intersection of Park Avenue and 42nd Street, with parts of the station extending east to Lexington Avenue, it is the second busiest station in the 425 -station system, with 46,121,509 passengers in 2016; only the Times Square station complex has more riders. It serves trains on the IRT Lexington Avenue Line, the IRT Flushing Line and the 42nd Street Shuttle, making it an all-IRT transfer point. The stations of the complex lie next to and beneath Grand Central Terminal, which serves all Metro-North Railroad lines east of the Hudson River.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Eugene Lee (Scenic Designer) was born in Beloit, Wisconsin, in 1939. He attended Beloit Memorial High School. He has been resident designer at Trinity Repertory Company in Providence, Rhode Island, since 1967. He has BFA degrees from the Art Institute of Chicago and Carnegie Mellon University, an MFA from Yale Drama School and three honorary Ph.Ds. Mr. Lee has won Tony Awards for Bernstein’s \"Candide\", Sondheim’s \"Sweeney Todd\", and \"Wicked\", as well as the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Set Design. He is the production designer for NBC’s \"Saturday Night Live\". Other New York theatre work includes Amazing Grace, \"Alice in Wonderland\", \"The Normal Heart\", \"Agnes of God\", \"Ragtime\", \"Uncle Vanya\", \"Ruby Sunrise\", \"Bounce\", and \"A Number\". Film credits include Coppola’s \"Hammett\", Huston’s \"Mr. North\" and Malle’s \"Vanya on 42nd Street\". Mr. Lee is an adjunct professor at Brown University, resident set designer at Trinity Repertory Company, and lives with his wife Brooke in Providence, where they raised their two sons.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The Port Authority Bus Terminal (PABT) is the main gateway for interstate buses into Manhattan in New York City. It is owned and operated by the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey (PANYNJ). Colloquially called the Port Authority, the bus terminal is located in Midtown at 625 Eighth Avenue between 40th Street and 42nd Street, one block east of the Lincoln Tunnel and one block west of Times Square. The PABT, opened in 1950 between 8th and 9th Avenues and 40th and 41st Streets, was built to consolidate the many different private terminals spread across Midtown Manhattan. A second wing extending to 42nd Street was added in 1979. It is one of three bus terminals operated by the PANYNJ, the others being the George Washington Bridge Bus Station in Upper Manhattan and the Journal Square Transportation Center in Jersey City.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Grand Central was the terminal for some trains of the IRT Third Avenue Line. It was part of the original Third Avenue El, which opened on Monday, August 26, 1878, and not only served Grand Central Terminal, but its two predecessors, Grand Central Station (1899-1913) and Grand Central Depot (1871-1899). When the El opened north of 42nd Street nearly a month later, this segment was reduced to a shuttle, which connected to the mainline at 42nd Street. This station had two tracks and one island platform and two side platforms, all connected at the west end. The tracks ended just east of what was recently the off-ramp from the Park Avenue Viaduct at Pershing Square. In 1904, Interborough Rapid Transit opened the Grand Central Subway station, which gained platforms for the IRT Flushing Line in 1915, and new platforms for the expanded IRT Lexington Avenue Line in 1918, the same year the original platforms at the station were converted for the 42nd Street Shuttle. By this time, the El station became obsolete and it was closed on December 6, 1923.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The New 42nd Street is a not-for-profit organization based in Manhattan, New York City. In 1990, the New 42nd Street was formed to oversee the redevelopment of seven neglected and historic theatres on 42nd Street between Seventh and Eighth Avenues, and to restore the block to a desirable tourist destination in Manhattan. The theatres were the Apollo Theatre, the Empire Theatre, the Liberty Theatre, the Lyric Theatre, the Selwyn Theatre, the Times Square Theatre, and the Victory Theater." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Joe E. Ross (born Joseph Roszawikz, March 15, 1914 – August 13, 1982) was an American actor known for his trademark \"Ooh! Ooh!\" exclamation, which he used in many of his roles. He starred in such TV sitcoms as \"The Phil Silvers Show\" and \"Car 54, Where Are You? .\"\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Celinde Schoenmaker (born 15 January 1989) is a Dutch musical artist . She studied Music at the Fontys Academy of Arts in Tilburg; she graduated this training in 2012 with summa cum laude honors. At that time she had already been cast for the female lead in the Dutch version of Ghost the Musical , but this production was postponed indefinitely and never came to pass. Since then, she has appeared as Fantine in the West End production of the musical Les Misérables and as Jenny Cavalleri in the Dutch touring production of Love Story. From 7 September 2015 she has been playing in the West End production of The Phantom of the Opera in the role of Christine Daaè.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: John Marley (born Mortimer Marlieb, October 17, 1907 – May 22, 1984) was an American actor who was known for his role as Phil Cavalleri in \"Love Story\" and as Jack Woltz— the defiant film mogul who awakens to find the severed head of his prized horse in his bed—in \"The Godfather\" (1972). He starred in John Cassavetes' feature \"Faces\" (1968) and appeared in \"The Glitter Dome\" (1984).\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Joe Howard (born November 24, 1948) is an American actor known for his role as George Frankly on Square One TV's \"Mathnet\". Beyond seven years as George Frankly, a role for which he beat out Phil Hartman, he has a long career as a character actor. He is otherwise best known for his roles in \"Grumpy Old Men\" and \"The World's Fastest Indian\". Howard has also had a long career on stage. He is the father of actor Jeremy Howard.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: It Lives Again (also known as It's Alive II) is a 1978 American horror film written and directed by Larry Cohen. It is the sequel to the 1974 film \"It's Alive\". The film stars Frederic Forrest, Kathleen Lloyd, John P. Ryan, John Marley, Andrew Duggan and Eddie Constantine. The film was released by Warner Bros. on May 10, 1978.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: River Huang (; born November 13, 1989) is a Taiwanese actor. He is the first actor signed by the director Yee Chin-yen. At age 18, Huang won the Best Actor award at the Golden Bell Awards for his debut role in \"Dangerous Mind\", making him the youngest actor to win in that category. In 2009, he starred in Swedish-Taiwanese film \"Miss Kicki\". And in 2010, he starred in \"Juliets\", a Taiwanese film inspired by William Shakespeare's tragic love story \"Romeo and Juliet\".\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Ross Patterson aka St. James St. James, is an American actor and author who has appeared in over 20 films including \"The New Guy\", \"Accepted\", and the 2006 Sundance film \"The Darwin Awards\". Ross has also written, starred in, and produced six films; \"$50K and a Call Girl: A Love Story\", \"7-Ten Split\", (with actress Tara Reid), \"Screwball: The Ted Whitfield Story\", \"Darnell Dawkins Mouth Guitar Legend\", \"Poolboy: Drowning Out the Fury\", and \"FDR: American Badass!\" , as well as a 2007 pilot for MTV entitled \"The Barnes Brothers\" which did not get picked up. On June 9, 2015 Patterson's first novel, At Night She Cries, While He Rides His Steed was released by Regan Arts. It is billed as the first ever \"Romance Novel For Dudes\". He was nominated for an MTV Movies Award for Best Spoof in 2008. Ross was a member of Kappa Sigma fraternity at The Ohio State University in the late 1990s. Ross can be seen as the fast talking Hollywood music producer Joey Zane in the movie \"Garden Party \" which opened on July 11, 2008 in Los Angeles, New York, Portland, and Seattle.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Charles Patrick Ryan O'Neal (born April 20, 1941) is an American actor and former boxer. O'Neal trained as an amateur boxer before beginning his career in acting in 1960. In 1964, he landed the role of Rodney Harrington on the ABC nighttime soap opera \"Peyton Place\". The series was an instant hit and boosted O'Neal's career. He later found success in films, most notably \"Love Story\" (1970), for which he received Academy Award and Golden Globe nominations as Best Actor, \"What's Up, Doc? \" (1972), \"Paper Moon\" (1973), Stanley Kubrick's \"Barry Lyndon\" (1975), and \"A Bridge Too Far\" (1977). Since 2007, he has had a recurring role in the TV series \"Bones\" as Max, the father of the series' protagonist.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: \"Love Story (vs. Finally)\" (also known as \"Love Story\") is a song written and released by British duo Layo & Bushwacka! . It was originally released in 2002 under the name \"Love Story\", charting at number 4 on the Billboard Hot Dance Club Play Chart. The remix single was released in January 2003 and peaked at number 8 in the United Kingdom, spending one week in the top 10. The song uses samples from Nina Simone (\"Rags & Old Iron\"), and from Devo (\"Mongoloid\"). The \"Finally\" portion of the single is a vocal from the single \"Finally\" by the American house music project The Kings of Tomorrow featuring Julie McKnight, which reached number 17 on the Billboard Dance Club Songs chart in 2000. The synth hook of the song is sampled in the song \"Boladona\" by Tati Quebra-Barraco.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: John Allen \"Jake\" McDorman IV (born July 8, 1986) is an American actor, best known for starring in the leading role of Brian Finch in the CBS television comedy-drama, \"Limitless,\" from September 2015 to April 2016. McDorman also appeared as Evan Chambers in the ABC Family teen drama series \"Greek\" (2007–11). He also starred in the NBC short-lived sitcom \"Are You There, Chelsea? \", and played the role of Mike Pratt in the Showtime comedy-drama \"Shameless\". In 2014, McDorman starred in the ABC romantic comedy/drama \"Manhattan Love Story\"." ]

[ "Passage 3", "Passage 5" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Beitar Tel Aviv Football Club (Hebrew: מועדון כדורגל בית\"ר תל אביב) was an Israeli football club based from Tel Aviv. The club merged in 2000 with Shimshon Tel Aviv to create Beitar Shimshon Tel Aviv,<ref name=\"Israel Third Level 2000/01\">Israel Third Level 2000/01 RSSSF</ref> and later, after the merge came apart, merged with Ironi Ramla to create Beitar Tel Aviv Ramla.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Tel Aviv Savidor Central Railway Station (Hebrew: תֵּל אָבִיב סָבִידוֹר מֶרְכָּז‎ , \"Tel Aviv Savidor Merkaz\", Arabic: تل أبيب مركز سافيدور‎ ‎ ) is the main central train station of Tel Aviv. It is one of the main railway hubs of Israel, located on the eastern side of Tel Aviv, at the border between Tel Aviv and Ramat Gan. The station was opened to the public in November 1954 under the name Tel Aviv Central.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: F.C. Roei Heshbon Tel Aviv (Hebrew: מועדון ספורט רואי חשבון תל אביב‎ ‎ , \"Moadon Sport Roei Heshbon Tel Aviv\", lit. \"Certified Public Accountants Tel Aviv Sport Club\" or in short Hebrew: מ.ס. רו\"ח תל אביב‎ ‎ , \"Mem Samekh Roah Tel Aviv\", lit. \"F.C. C.P.A. Tel Aviv\") is an Israeli football club based in Tel Aviv. They play their home matches at Kiryat Shalom Synthetic Ground, located at Maccabi Tel Aviv's training center in Kiryat Shalom neighborhood.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The Tel Aviv derby refers to football matches between Maccabi Tel Aviv and Hapoel Tel Aviv. Other matches between top-tier teams from Tel Aviv and Jaffa, currently Bnei Yehuda, and in the past also Beitar Tel Aviv and Shimson Tel Aviv and Maccabi Jaffa, and between those other teams and either Maccabi or Hapoel are usually referred to as the Tel Aviv mini-derby\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Air Sinai (Arabic: سيناء للطيران‎ ‎ \"Sīna' lil-Ṭayyarān \") is an airline based in Cairo, Egypt. It operates as a 'paper-airline' for parent company EgyptAir under a \"wet lease\"-like agreement.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Tel Aviv University Railway Station is an Israel Railways station in northern Tel Aviv, Israel. It is officially named \"Tel Aviv Universita – Merkaz HaYeridim\" in Hebrew (English: Tel Aviv University – Exhibition Center), due to its proximity to Tel Aviv University and the Israel Trade Fairs & Convention Center.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Tel Aviv HaHagana Railway Station is an Israel Railways station in Tel Aviv. It is Tel Aviv's southernmost railway station, located some 400 meters to the east of Tel Aviv Central Bus Station. It is located between the lanes of the Ayalon Highway, just north of where Highway 1 splits from it. The station building fronts a road bridge above Ayalon Highway, connecting Lewinsky Street with HaHagana Road, thence the station's name. The station serves most Israel Railways lines, and its proximity to the central bus station makes it an important interchange hub. In September 2008 Tel Aviv HaHagana was the third-busiest railway station in Israel with 117,805 boarding and 185,064 alighting passengers, after Tel Aviv Savidor Central and Tel Aviv HaShalom. As of the fall 2012 train schedule it is the busiest station in Israel in terms of passenger train movements, handling 26 separate trains per hour stopping at the station during peak times.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: This is a list of destinations served by EgyptAir as of September 2013. The list includes terminated destinations some of which were operated as Misr Airwork, Misr Airlines, Misr Air and United Arab Airlines (UAA). For additional destinations see EgyptAir Express, for freighter destinations EgyptAir Cargo and Air Sinai for Tel Aviv service.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Jacques Mory-Katmor (Hebrew: ז׳אק מורי־קתמור‎ ‎ ) (born 4 September 1938 in Cairo, Cairo Governorate, Egypt as Jacques Mory; died 6 September 2001 at the Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center in Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv District, Israel) was an Israeli bohemian/counterculture experimental filmmaker, painter, and, multimedia artist, of anarchical, underground, and, independent leanings.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: Shimshon Tel Aviv F.C. (Hebrew: מועדון כדורגל שמשון תל אביב‎ ‎ , \"Moadon Kaduregel Shimshon Tel Aviv\") is an Israeli football club based in Tel Aviv. In 2000 it merged with Beitar Tel Aviv to create Beitar Shimshon Tel Aviv. <ref name=\"Israel Third Level 2000/01\">Israel Third Level 2000/01 RSSSF</ref> In 2011, the merge came apart after Beitar Tel Aviv merged with Ironi Ramla to create Beitar Tel Aviv Ramla, whilst Shimshon withdrew from the union and functioned as youth section, without a senior team. In 2014, the club was resurrected by local businessmen. The club is currently in Liga Gimel Tel Aviv division." ]

[ "Passage 8", "Passage 5" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: A Bug's Life is a 1998 American computer-animated adventure comedy film produced by Pixar Animation Studios for Walt Disney Pictures. Directed by John Lasseter, the film involves a misfit ant named Flik that is looking for \"tough warriors\" to save his colony from greedy grasshoppers, only to recruit a group of bugs that turn out to be an inept circus troupe. The film stars the voices of Dave Foley, Kevin Spacey and Julia Louis-Dreyfus.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Antz is a 1998 American computer-animated adventure comedy film directed by Eric Darnell and Tim Johnson and written by Paul Weitz, Chris Weitz, and Todd Alcott. The film stars Woody Allen, Sharon Stone, Jennifer Lopez, Sylvester Stallone, Dan Aykroyd, Anne Bancroft, and Gene Hackman. Some of the main characters share facial similarities with the actors who voice them. \"Antz\" is DreamWorks Pictures' first animated film, and the second feature-length computer-animated film after Disney/Pixar's \"Toy Story\".\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Tad, The Lost Explorer (Spanish: Las aventuras de Tadeo Jones) is a 2012 Spanish 3D computer-animated adventure comedy film directed by Enrique Gato. The film is the outgrowth of Gato's 2004 short film, \"Tadeo Jones\" and its sequel \"Tadeo Jones and the Basement of Doom\". It was written by Javier Barreira, Gorka Magallón, Ignacio del Moral, Jordi Gasull and Neil Landau. The film's music was composed by Zacarías M. de la Riva. The English cast features voices of Kerry Shale, Ariel Winter, Bruce Mackinnon, Mac McDonald, Liza Ross, Cheech Marin and Adam Jones. The film was produced by Telecinco Cinema, El Toro Picture, Lightbox Entertainment, Ikiru Films, Telefónica Producciones, and Media Networks, with the participation of AXN, Canal Plus and TVC.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The Lego Movie is a 2014 3D computer-animated adventure comedy film written for the screen and directed by Phil Lord and Christopher Miller from a story by Lord, Miller, and Dan and Kevin Hageman, and starring the voices of Chris Pratt, Will Ferrell, Elizabeth Banks, Will Arnett, Nick Offerman, Alison Brie, Charlie Day, Liam Neeson, and Morgan Freeman; although the film features a few live-action scenes, it is primarily an animated film. Based on the Lego line of construction toys, the story focuses on an ordinary Lego minifigure who finds himself being the only one to help a resistance group stop a tyrannical businessman from gluing everything in the Lego worlds into his vision of perfection. \"The Lego Movie\" was the first film produced by since the release of \"\" in 2003, and was an international co-production between the United States, Australia and Denmark.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Plumíferos (English: \"Free Birds\" ) is a 2010 Argentine computer-animated adventure comedy film, produced by CS Entertainment, Manos Digitales Animation Studio, and 100 Bares Producciones, and was released on February 18, 2010 in Argentina. The film was directed by Daniel DeFelippo and Gustavo Giannini.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The Millennium Falcon is a spaceship in the \"Star Wars\" universe commanded at one time by Corellian smuggler Han Solo (Harrison Ford) and his Wookiee first mate, Chewbacca (Peter Mayhew). The highly modified Corellian Engineering Corporation (CEC) YT-1300 light freighter first appears in \"Star Wars\" (1977), and subsequently in \"The Empire Strikes Back\" (1980), \"Return of the Jedi\" (1983) and \"\" (2015). The ship also makes a brief cameo appearance in \"\" (2005). Additionally, the \"Falcon\" appears in a variety of \"Star Wars\" expanded universe materials, including books, comics, and games; James Luceno's novel \"Millennium Falcon\" focuses on the titular ship. It also appears in the 2014 animated film \"The Lego Movie\" in Lego form, with Billy Dee Williams and Anthony Daniels reprising their roles of Lando Calrissian and C-3PO, with Keith Ferguson voicing Han Solo.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Motu Patlu: King Of Kings is a 2016 Indian 3D computer-animated adventure comedy film directed by Suhas D. Kadav and produced by Ketan Mehta. The film was inspired by the popular TV series \"Motu Patlu\", which itself adapted from the characters published by Lotpot magazine. It is the first feature-length film based on the characters. The film was released on 14 October 2016.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Robinson Crusoe (released in North America as The Wild Life) is a 2016 Belgian-French 3D computer-animated adventure comedy film directed by Vincent Kesteloot and Ben Stassen and written by Lee Christopher, Domonic Paris and Graham Weldon. The film is loosely based on \"Robinson Crusoe\" by Daniel Defoe, but from the point of view of the island's animals.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Ooops! Noah Is Gone... (also known as All Creatures Big and Small in the United States and Two by Two in the United Kingdom) is a 2015 German-Luxembourgish-Belgian-Irish 3D computer-animated adventure comedy film about what happened to the creatures that missed Noah's Ark.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: Jock the Hero Dog is a 2011 South African-American computer-animated adventure comedy film directed by Duncan MacNeillie. It features the voices of Bryan Adams, Donald Sutherland, Helen Hunt, Ted Danson, Desmond Tutu, Mandy Patinkin and William Baldwin. It is loosely based on the 1907 book \"Jock of the Bushveld\" by Sir James Percy FitzPatrick." ]

[ "Passage 6", "Passage 4" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The Virginian Hotel is a historic hotel in Medicine Bow, Wyoming, United States. Construction on the hotel began in 1901 and was completed in 1911. It was built by August Grimm, the first mayor of Medicine Bow, and his partner George Plummer. The hotel is thought to be named for the famous novel written in Medicine Bow, \"The Virginian\" by Owen Wister. Although it provided a place for cowboys and railroad workers to stay while they were in town, the hotel was actually built to serve a much broader clientele. It became a headquarters for all to meet and eat as well as a setting for many business dealings.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Medicine Bow Peak is the highest peak in the Snowy Range, a part of the Medicine Bow Mountains, about 35 miles west of Laramie, Wyoming. It lies within Medicine Bow National Forest and is the highest point in southern Wyoming. The summit lies in extreme western Albany County, but the mountain's lower reaches stretch westward into eastern Carbon County. The summit is more than 12,013 feet (3,661 m) high and is visible from Snowy Range Pass, elevation 10,847 ft (3,300 m), on Wyoming Highway 130, a Wyoming Scenic Byway. The most commonly used trail to the peak is a four-mile hike featuring switch-backs and a great deal of loose rock. The trails to the peak are usually open from early June to mid October.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Ribbon forest is a unique habitat type found near tree line in the subalpine zone of the Rocky Mountains. It is made up of bands of subalpine forest and meadow that are created when deep snow and wind forces trees to grow only in bands, about twenty feet wide and thirty feet apart, that have enough shelter. Areas that have this habitat type include the southern Mount Zirkel Wilderness and the Medicine Bow Mountains. Not surprisingly, these areas get some of the Southern Rockies' largest amounts of snow. The area between Mad Creek and Buffalo Pass in the southern Park Range has Colorado's highest amount of snowfall, averaging 25 to 30 feet per winter.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The Medicine Bow Mountains are a mountain range in the Rocky Mountains that extend for 100 mi from northern Colorado into southern Wyoming. The northern extent of this range is the sub-range the Snowy Range. From the northern end of Colorado's Never Summer Mountains, the Medicine Bow mountains extend north from Cameron Pass along the border between Larimer and Jackson counties in Colorado and northward into south central Wyoming. In Wyoming, the range sits west of Laramie, in Albany and Carbon counties to the route of the Union Pacific Railroad and U.S. Interstate 80. The mountains often serve as a symbol for the city of Laramie. The range is home to Snowy Range Ski Area.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Cameron Pass is a 10276 ft elevation mountain pass in the Rocky Mountains in north central Colorado in the United States. The pass is a gap between the south end of the Medicine Bow Mountains and the north end of the Never Summer Mountains. It sits on the border between Jackson County and Larimer County, approximately 3 mi (5 km) north of the boundary of Rocky Mountain National Park. The pass provides the most convenient route between Fort Collins and Walden in North Park, using State Highway 14.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Clark Peak is the highest summit of the Medicine Bow Mountains range of the Rocky Mountains of North America. The prominent 12960 ft peak is located in the Rawah Wilderness of Routt National Forest, 10.1 km north-northwest (bearing 342°) of Cameron Pass, Colorado, United States, on the drainage divide between Jackson and Larimer counties. Clark Peak is the highest point of Jackson County and the entire drainage basin of the North Platte River.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Wyoming Highway 130 is known locally as the Snowy Range Road. It makes its way west from Laramie across the plains, and rises over the Medicine Bow Mountains. The road then turns north through the town of Saratoga, and ends at Interstate 80. The stretch of road over the mountains is a National Forest Byway. WYO 130 over Snowy Range Pass is closed during winter (November–May)\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Rock Creek is a 125 mi river in the south central part of the U.S. state of Wyoming. It empties into the Medicine Bow River. The drainage basin of Rock Creek starts high on the north side of the Snowy Range. At the northern base of the range, Rock Creek runs through the town of Arlington and continues on through McFadden and Rock River. From there Rock Creek runs primarily northeasterly before turning to the northwest and meeting with the Medicine Bow River just north of the town of Medicine Bow.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: The Little Medicine Bow River is a 66 mi tributary of the Medicine Bow River in Wyoming. The basin of the Little Medicine Bow includes the northern slopes of the Shirley Mountains as well Shirley Basin. The Little Medicine Bow reaches its confluence with the Medicine Bow River 6 mi northwest of the town of Medicine Bow." ]

[ "Passage 4" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Creature 3D is a 2014 Indian 3D monster-horror film directed by Vikram Bhatt. The film stars Bipasha Basu and Imran Abbas in lead roles. It is produced by Bhushan Kumar and Krishan Kumar and co-produced by Ajay Kapoor under the banner of T-Series in association with BVG Films. The film is the Bollywood debut of Pakistani model turned actor Imran Abbas Naqvi. The film also stars Amit Tandon and Mukul Dev in supporting roles. The film received mixed reviews from critics.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Roy is a 2015 Indian romantic drama film, directed by debutant Vikramjit Singh and produced by Bhushan Kumar, Krishan Kumar, Divya Khosla Kumar and Ajay Kapoor under Freeway Pictures. The movie features Arjun Rampal and Jacqueline Fernandez in the lead roles and Ranbir Kapoor in the title role with Shernaz Patel, Rajit Kapur and Shibani Dandekar in supporting roles. Anupam Kher appears in a cameo. The film is based on a filmmaker writing and directing movies about thefts and robberies. The movie had its premiere in Dubai on 12 February 2015 and was released worldwide on 13 February 2015.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: \"Lion\" is a 2016 Australian biographical film directed by Garth Davis (in his feature debut) and written by Luke Davies, based on the non-fiction book \"A Long Way Home\" by Saroo Brierley with Larry Buttrose. Starring Sunny Pawar, Dev Patel, Rooney Mara, David Wenham and Nicole Kidman, the film focuses on Saroo Brierley, separated from his biological mother and adopted by an Australian couple, searched his biological mother via Google Earth. The film had its world premiere at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 10, 2016. The film was given a limited release on November 25, 2016, by the Weinstein Company before opening generally on January 6, 2017. The film was released in Australia on January 19, 2017 and in the United Kingdom on January 20, 2017. The film was released to positive reviews, with a Rotten Tomatoes approval rating of 86%, based on 200 reviews, and an average rating of 7.3/10. Metacritic lists a score of 69 out of 100, based on 45 reviews.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Sanam Re is a 2016 Indian Hindi-language romantic drama film directed by Divya Khosla Kumar and produced by Bhushan Kumar, Krishan Kumar and co-produced by Ajay Kapoor. The film features Pulkit Samrat, Urvashi Rautela and Yami Gautam as the lead roles while Rishi Kapoor appears in a crucial supporting role.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: All Is Well is a 2015 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy-drama film directed by Umesh Shukla and produced by Bhushan Kumar, Krishan Kumar, Shyam Bajaj and Varun Bajaj and co-produced by Ajay Kapoor. It stars Rishi Kapoor, Supriya Pathak, Abhishek Bachchan and Asin in lead roles. The film tackles a thorny issue with a social message similar to Shukla's previous venture \"OMG – Oh My God! \". The official trailer of the film was released on 1 July 2015 on YouTube. The film released on 21 August 2015.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: \"Neighbours\" is an Australian television soap opera that was first broadcast on 18 March 1985. The following is a list of characters that first appeared in 2011, by order of first appearance. All characters were introduced by the shows executive producer Susan Bower. The 27th season of \"Neighbours\" began airing on 11 January 2011. That same month saw Jack Finsterer join the cast as Garland Cole. Dieter Brummer made his first appearance as Troy Miller in May and Carolyn Johnstone, a new love interest for Harold Bishop, followed shortly after. Ivan DeMarco and Superintendent Duncan Hayes began appearing in June. Ajay Kapoor, Rhys Lawson, Michelle Tran and Noah Parkin arrived in July. Bobby Morley made his debut as Aidan Foster the following month. Martin Chambers, Priya Kapoor, Lorraine Dowski and Emilia Jovanovic began appearing from September. Kyle Canning's cousin, Dane, made his first appearance in October. Jessica Girdwood, Erin Salisbury and Elaine Lawson arrived in November.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Ajay Kapoor is a fictional character from the Australian television soap opera \"Neighbours\", played by Sachin Joab. He made his first screen appearance during the episode broadcast on 13 July 2011. The actor was cast in the role following a successful audition. The part was initially going to last for about a month, but the producers liked him and the character. They then decided to create a family unit around Ajay and later introduced his wife Priya (Menik Gooneratne). Five months later it was announced that Joab and Gooneratne would be promoted to the regular cast in early 2012, while their on-screen daughter, Rani (Coco Cherian), would be introduced. The Kapoor's arrival marked the show's first family with Indian and Sri Lankan heritage and the first family to be introduced since 2010. Ajay departed on 12 July 2013.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: He is best known for his role as a younger Saroo Brierley in Garth Davis's \"Lion\" a 2016 Australian biographical film directed by Garth Davis and written by Luke Davies with Dev Patel, Rooney Mara, David Wenham, and Nicole Kidman. Pawar was cast in this movie while attending Air India Model School in Mumbai and living in a modest neighborhood of Kalina, which several media outlets described as a slum. He was cast out of 2,000 other students at the age of 8." ]

[]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The Mummy is a 1999 American action fantasy film written and directed by Stephen Sommers and starring Brendan Fraser, Rachel Weisz, John Hannah, and Kevin J. O'Connor, with Arnold Vosloo in the titular role as the reanimated mummy. It is a loose remake of the 1932 film \"The Mummy\", which starred Boris Karloff in the titular role. The film follows adventurer Rick O'Connell, who travels to Hamunaptra, the city of the dead, with an archaeologist and her brother. There they accidentally awaken Imhotep, a high priest from the reign of the pharaoh Seti I, who has been cursed for eternity.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Tamara \"Tammy\" Ustinov (born 1945) is a British actress known for appearing in the films \"The Blood on Satan's Claw\" (1970), \"Blood from the Mummy's Tomb\" (1971), and \"The Last Horror Movie\" (2003), and television series such as \"Skorpion\" and \"Bergerac\".\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Peter Bennett is a British television producer, although he has predominantly worked as a first assistant director. His credits as a first AD include numerous feature films, such as \"The Mummy\", \"The Mummy Returns\", \"Alexander\" and \"Syriana\", as well as the television series \"Minder\", \"Agatha Christie's Poirot\", \"Sea of Souls\", the revived \"Doctor Who\" and \"Torchwood\".\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Audrey Hepburn (4 May 1929 – 20 January 1993) was a British actress who had an extensive career in film, television, and on the stage from 1948 to 1993. Considered by some to be one of the most beautiful women of all time, she was ranked as the third greatest screen legend in American cinema by the American Film Institute. Hepburn is also remembered as both a film and style icon. Her debut was as a flight stewardess in the 1948 Dutch film \"Dutch in Seven Lessons\". Hepburn then performed on the British stage as a chorus girl in the musicals \"High Button Shoes\" (1948), and \"Sauce Tartare\" (1949). Two years later she made her Broadway debut as the title character in the play \"Gigi\". Hepburn's Hollywood debut as a runaway princess in William Wyler's \"Roman Holiday\" (1953) opposite Gregory Peck made her a star. For her performance she received the Academy Award for Best Actress, the BAFTA Award for Best British Actress, and the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama. In 1954 she played a chauffeur's daughter caught in a love triangle in Billy Wilder's romantic comedy \"Sabrina\" opposite Humphrey Bogart and William Holden. In the same year Hepburn garnered the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play for portraying the titular water nymph in the play \"Ondine\".\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Rachel Hannah Weisz ( \"vice\"; born 7 March 1970) is a British actress.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The Empire Award for Best British Actress was an Empire Award presented annually by the British film magazine \"Empire\" to honor a British actress who has delivered an outstanding performance in a leading role while working within the film industry. The Empire Award for Best British Actress was first introduced at the 1st Empire Awards ceremony in 1996 with Kate Winslet receiving the award for her role in \"Heavenly Creatures\" and last presented at the 10th Empire Awards ceremony in 2005. It was one of three Best British awards retired that year (the others being Best British Actor and Best British Director). Winners were voted by the readers of \"Empire\" magazine.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Hornedjitef was an Ancient Egyptian priest in the Temple of Amun at Karnak during the reign of Ptolemy III (246-222 BC). He is known from his elaborate coffins, mummy mask and mummy, dating from the Early Ptolemaic Period (around 220 BC) and excavated from Asasif, Thebes, Egypt, which are all held in the British Museum. These related objects were chosen as the first of the hundred objects selected by British Museum Director Neil MacGregor in the 2010 BBC Radio 4 series \"A History of the World in 100 Objects\".\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Kharis is a fictional character featured in Universal Studios's \"Mummy\" series in the 1940s following their original 1932 film \"The Mummy\", which starred Boris Karloff as a different mummy character, Imhotep, though their backstories are practically identical. Universal's \"Mummy\" films were inspired by worldwide interest in Egyptian archeology during the first half of the twentieth century.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Henry McGee (14 May 1929 – 28 January 2006) was a British actor, best known as straight man to Benny Hill for many years. McGee was also often the announcer on Hill's TV programme, delivering the upbeat intro \"Yes! It's \"The Benny Hill Show!\"\" . He was familiar to British children throughout the 1970s as \"Mummy\" in the Sugar Puffs commercials, as in \"Tell them about the honey Mummy\".\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: The Trachodon mummy is a fossilized natural mummy of \"Edmontosaurus annectens\" (originally known as \"Trachodon annectens\"), a duckbilled dinosaur. One of the finest dinosaur specimens so far discovered, it was the first including a skeleton encased in skin impressions from large parts of the body. This specimen has considerably influenced the scientific conception of duckbilled dinosaurs. Skin impressions found in between the fingers have been interpreted as evidence for an aquatic lifestyle; this hypothesis is now rejected. The mummy was found by fossil hunter Charles Hazelius Sternberg and his three sons near Lusk, Wyoming, United States in 1908. Although Sternberg was working under contract to the British Museum of Natural History, Henry Fairfield Osborn of the American Museum of Natural History managed to secure the mummy." ]

[ "Passage 5", "Passage 1" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Yello is a Swiss electronic band consisting of Dieter Meier and Boris Blank.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The Rinspeed Yello Talbo is a Swiss sports car produced in association with Dieter Meier and Boris Blank of the eclectic electronic group Yello.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: \"The Rhythm Divine\" is a 1987 song by Boris Blank, Dieter Meier, and Billy Mackenzie.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Restless and Wild is the fourth studio album by German heavy metal band Accept, released in 1982 in Continental Europe and in 1983 in the US and UK. It was the first Accept album to not be recorded at Delta-Studio, the band moving to Dieter Dierks' studio in Stommeln. It is also the first Accept album in which Udo Dirkschneider sings every track, as well as the first in which manager Gaby Hauke (\"Deaffy\") gains credits for songwriting. Michael Wagener took engineering and mixing duties once again.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Boris Blank (born 15 January 1952, in Zurich) is a Swiss artist and musician known for his work in the musical duo Yello with Dieter Meier.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Stephanie Luzie Meier (born April 6, 1974) is a German gothic and symphonic metal singer. She used to sing in the bands Atargatis and Darkwell. Meier focused on her work in Bavarian public administration, quitting all her band projects because she did not have enough time left over for music anymore.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Stella is the fourth studio album by the Swiss electronic band Yello, first released in Germany, Switzerland and Austria on 29 January 1985, and in the UK and US in March 1985. It was the first album made by the band without founder member Carlos Perón, and with his departure the remaining duo of Boris Blank and Dieter Meier began to move away from experimental electronic sounds towards a more commercial synthpop and cinematic soundtrack style. As well as becoming the first album ever by a Swiss group to top the Swiss album chart, it was the band's breakthrough album internationally, helped by the success of the song \"Oh Yeah\", which gained the band worldwide attention the following year after it was prominently featured in the 1986 film \"Ferris Bueller's Day Off\" and then a year later in \"The Secret of My Success\".\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Muzikizum is the debut album by X-Press 2. The album included the UK hit singles \"AC/DC\" (#60), \"Muzikizum\" (#52), \"Smoke Machine\" (#43), \"Lazy\" (#2), with vocals by David Byrne, and \"I Want You Back\" (#50), with vocals by Dieter Meier.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: DualDisc was a type of double-sided optical disc product developed by a group of record companies including MJJ Productions Inc, EMI Music, Universal Music Group, Sony/BMG Music Entertainment, Warner Music Group, and 5.1 Entertainment Group and later under the aegis of the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). It featured an audio layer intended to be compatible with CD players (but not following the Red Book CD Specifications) on one side and a standard DVD layer on the other. In this respect it was similar to, but distinct from, the DVDplus developed in Europe by Dieter Dierks and covered by European patents." ]

[ "Passage 1" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Magyar Telekom Nyrt. (Magyar Telekom Távközlési Részvénytársaság – Hungarian Telekom Telecommunications Plc.) is the largest Hungarian telecommunications company. The former monopolist is now a subsidiary of Deutsche Telekom (in 59.21% of shares). Until 6 May 2005, it was (and informally still is) known as \"MATÁV\" (\"Magyar Távközlési Rt.\" - Hungarian Telecommunications PLC.). The company was formed under the name of \"Magyar Távközlési Vállalat\" (Hungarian Telecommunications Enterprise) in December 1989, when \"Magyar Posta\" (Hungarian Post) was split to three separate enterprises. On 31 December 1991, the company was re-structured as a Public Limited Company, as \"Magyar Távközlési Rt.\", and the company remained in 100% state ownership until the end of 1993. On 1 July 1993, the Telecommunications Act came into effect, and now it was possible to privatise the company. A consortium was formed by Deutsche Telekom and Ameritech International, which was named \"MagyarCom\", and bought into the company a share of 30.1% for a price of 875 million USD.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: AT&T Inc. is an American multinational telecommunications conglomerate, headquartered at Whitacre Tower in downtown Dallas, Texas. AT&T is the world's largest telecommunications company. AT&T is the second largest provider of mobile telephone services and the largest provider of fixed telephone services in the United States, and also provides broadband subscription television services through DirecTV; combined with AT&T's legacy U-verse service, this also makes AT&T the largest pay television operator. AT&T is the second-largest company in Texas, behind ExxonMobil. s of February 2017 , AT&T is the 12th largest company in the world (non-oil and overall) as measured by a composite of revenues, profits, assets and market valuation. AT&T is the largest telecommunications company in the world by revenue. s of 2017 , it is also the 18th-largest mobile telecom operator in the world, with 134 million mobile customers. AT&T was ranked at #4 on the 2017 rankings of the world's most valuable brands published by Brand Finance.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Gamtel, or (Gambia Telecommunications Services Company), is the principal telecommunications company of the Gambia. It is a state company, charged with the task of overseeing the provision of telecommunications and internet service in the country. In association with Gamtel's internet company, Gamnet, it has successfully built Gambia's internet infrastructure. The company was established in 1990 by an act of parliament as the single licensed telecommunications services provider in the country, with its stock 99% owned by the government of the Gambia, and the remaining 1% owned by the Gambia Port Authority. In 1993 it commenced the task of creating the Gambia Radio & Television Service, a company that operates the nation's radio and television industry. Gamtel currently employs over 1,000 people and its main offices are at Gamtel House in Banjul.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: CenturyLink, Inc. is an American telecommunications company, headquartered in Monroe, Louisiana, that provides communications and data services to residential, business, governmental, and wholesale customers in 37 states. A member of the S&P 500 index, the company operates as a local exchange carrier and Internet access provider in U.S. markets and is the third-largest telecommunications company in the United States in terms of lines served, behind AT&T and Verizon. It also provides long distance service.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Tanzania Telecommunications Company Limited (TTCL) is the oldest and largest fixed line telecommunications company in Tanzania. The company comes forth from the former Tanzania Posts and Telecommunications Corporation in 1993. TTCL was wholly owned by the Government of Tanzania until the partial privatisation of the company on 23 February 2001.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Romtelecom was the largest telecommunications company in Romania; the majority of shares were held by the Greek telecommunications company OTE (54.01% of shares). The Romanian state also had a minority stake of 45.99% in the company. The company had a monopoly for the provision of fixed telephony services until January 1, 2003. Currently, according to the OTE Group 2006 1st Quarter Results Press Release, Romtelecom has 3,835,647 fixed telephony lines, down from 4,279,038 at the end of 1st quarter 2005. As of 24 March 2013 when Zapp network operating on CDMA was closed down, Romtelecom remained with the only CDMA network in the country until 1 January 2015 when the network was shut down, putting an end to CDMA technology in the country.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: BTCL or Bangladesh Telecommunications Company Limited is the largest telecommunications company in Bangladesh. The company was founded as the Bangladesh Telegraph & Telephone Board (BTTB) following Bangladesh's independence in 1971. On July 1, 2008 the BTTB became a public limited company and was renamed as BTCL. The Bangladesh government initially owned all BTCL shares, but stated it would sell the shares to the public the following year. The value of BTCL is estimated to be at ৳15,000 crore (৳150 billion). BTCL has a total of 12,636 officials and staff.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Telecommunications in the United Arab Emirates is under the control and supervision of the Telecommunications Regulatory Authority (TRA) which was established under UAE Federal Law by Decree No. 3 of 2003. From 1976 to 2006 the Emirates Telecommunications Corporation (Etisalat) was the sole telephone and telecommunications provider for the UAE. And while there were exceptions for free zones and modern housing developments, for the majority of the UAE, Etisalat held a monopoly on business and personal telecommunications services. In February 2006, this monopoly became a duopoly when a new telephone company and Internet service provider (ISP), du, was established to offer mobile services across the UAE and Internet and TV services to some free zone areas. However, due to geographical distribution of service areas, the companies do not compete for customers and thus effectively operate as monopolies. Earlier du provided triple play services to free zone areas under the name Emirates Integrated Telecommunications Company (EITC), which is still its legal name." ]

[]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The 1982 Southwest Texas State Bobcats football team represented Southwest Texas State University during the 1982 NCAA Division II football season. The Bobcats played their home games at Bobcat Stadium in San Marcos, Texas, which was the second season as serving as the Bobcats' home. The team was headed by coach Jim Wacker. The team finished the regular season with an undefeated 11–0 record. This year they won their season NCAA Division II Football Championship with a win over UC Davis, 34–9, in the Palm Bowl.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The 1988 TCU Horned Frogs football team represented Texas Christian University (TCU) in the 1988 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Horned Frogs finished the season 4–7 overall and 2–6 in the Southwest Conference. The team was coached by Jim Wacker, in his sixth year as head coach. The Frogs played their home games in Amon G. Carter Stadium, which is located on campus in Fort Worth, Texas.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Bobcat Stadium is a football stadium on the campus of Texas State University in San Marcos, Texas. It opened in 1981 and was expanded in 2011–2012 to its present 30,000-seat capacity. Bobcat Stadium has been the home field for the Texas State Bobcats since 1981. In November 2003, the field was renamed Jim Wacker Field in honor of the former Bobcats football coach and director of athletics.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: David Edward Bailiff (born May 26, 1958) is an American college football coach, who is currently the head coach at Rice University in Houston, Texas. Bailiff played for three years as an offensive lineman and tight end for coach Jim Wacker at Southwest Texas State University in San Marcos, Texas. As a senior in 1980, he was team captain.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The 1989 TCU Horned Frogs football team represented Texas Christian University (TCU) in the 1989 NCAA Division I-A football season . The Horned Frogs finished the season 4–7 overall and 2–6 in Southwest Conference. The team was coached by Jim Wacker, in his seventh year as head coach. The Frogs played their home games in Amon G. Carter Stadium, which is located on campus in Fort Worth, Texas.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Jim Wacker (April 28, 1937 – August 26, 2003) was an American football coach and college athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at Texas Lutheran University (1971–1975), North Dakota State University (1976–1978), Southwest Texas State University—now Texas State University (1979–1982), Texas Christian University (1983–1991), and the University of Minnesota (1992–1996), compiling a career college football record of 159–131–3. Wacker won two NAIA Division II National Championships with Texas Lutheran in 1974 and 1975, and two NCAA Division II Football Championships with Southwest Texas State, in 1981 and 1982.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The 1993 Minnesota Golden Gophers football team represented the University of Minnesota in the 1993 NCAA Division I-A football season. In their second year under head coach Jim Wacker, the Golden Gophers compiled a 4–7 record and were outscored by their opponents by a combined total of 354 to 253.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The 1987 TCU Horned Frogs football team represented Texas Christian University (TCU) in the 1987 NCAA Division I-A football season. The Horned Frogs finished the season 5–6 overall and 3–4 in the Southwest Conference. The team was coached by Jim Wacker, in his fifth year as head coach. The Frogs played their home games in Amon G. Carter Stadium, which is located on campus in Fort Worth, Texas.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: The 1981 Southwest Texas State Bobcats football team represented Southwest Texas State University during the 1981 NCAA Division II football season. The Bobcats played their home games at Bobcat Stadium in San Marcos, Texas, which was the first season as serving as the Bobcats' home. The team was headed by coach Jim Wacker. The team finished the regular season with a 10-1 record. They won their season NCAA Division II Football Championship with a win over North Dakota State, 42–13, in the Palm Bowl." ]

[ "Passage 7" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Ridge Community High School or RCHS is a public high school located on the Davenport, Florida and Haines City, Florida Line. RCHS was established in 2005 in Polk County. It currently serves 2,600 students and has 106 teachers on campus. Ridge Community High School is one of many schools with a separate 9th Grade campus with its own front office. The main campus holds students in 10th, 11th, and 12th grade with some exceptions. Ridge Community High School sits on 76 acre of land. Ridge Community High School is zoned for Davenport and Haines City. Ridge Community High School's rivals include Haines City High School, Lake Wales High School and others in Polk County. The principal of RCHS is currently Russell Donnelly who replaced Sherry Wells, the acting principal between the school's opening in 2005 and 2015 and has a few assistant principals. Ridge Community High School is part of the Polk County School Board. RCHS's mascot is the Bolt, and the school motto is Once a Bolt, always a Bolt.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The Miami Maniac, often shortened to The Maniac, is the official mascot of the University of Miami Baseball program. Although Sebastian the Ibis is the official mascot of most University of Miami sports, the Maniac is the only mascot which performs at Hurricane baseball games. Created in 1982 by visionary College Baseball Hall of Fame head coach Ron Fraser in 1982 and originally performed by John Routh, the Miami Maniac has been a constant at Mark Light Field ever since. Some believe that the mascot idea was modeled after the original Orofino High School Maniacs, from the small town of Orofino, Idaho. The Maniac mascot was used there many decades prior, and has been the target of much scrutiny due to the high school's proximity adjacent to an Idaho State mental hospital. More recently, the mascot received national attention after Idaho State officials proposed adding the Maniac mascot to an Idaho vehicle license plate.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Holly High School, or \"HHS\" for short, is a public high school for grades 9–12 located in Holly, Michigan. It provides secondary education for students living in Holly, Davisburg, Springfield Township, Rose Township, and White Lake Township. Its official mascot is the Broncho and its colors are red, white, and grey. In 1952, Holly High School opted to change the spelling of their mascot from \"Bronco\" to \"Broncho\" since the spelling was commonly used. Holly High School is the only high school in the Holly Area School District. The current high school, built in 1999 in Holly Township, Michigan, replaced a high school building that had been built down the street in 1958. The 1958 building, which has for its official address 920 East Baird Street, became a middle school but today is home to Karl Richter Community Center and Holly Area Schools' administrative offices and had, in return, replaced a 1910s school building on College Street, today the site of a church.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Bond County Community Unit School District 2 is a unified school district based in Greenville, a city located in central Bond County, Illinois that serves as its county seat. Today, the district is composed of five schools; Greenville Elementary School, a NASA Explorer school that serves grades Pre-K through 5; Pocahontas Elementary School, which serves grades Pre-K through 8; Sorento Elementary School, which serves grades K-8; Greenville Junior High School, a school that means to bridge Greenville Elementary and Greenville High by serving grades 6-8; and lastly, Greenville High School, of which all the schools ultimately feed into, serving grades 9-12. The superintendent of the school district is Melanie Allyn; the principal of Greenville Elementary is Scott Pasley, the principal of Pocahontas Elementary is Eric Swingler, the principal of Sorento Elementary is Bill Carpenter, the principal of Greenville Junior High is Gary Brauns, and the principal of Greenville High is Wendy Porter. Respectively, the mascot Greenville Elementary is the rocket; of Pocahontas, it is the Indian. The mascot of Greenville Junior High is the blue jay, the mascot of Sorento Elementary is the greyhound, and the mascot of Greenville High is the Jacob Hall or Cubman.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Herndon High School is a former high school located in Herndon, Kansas, USA, which served students in grades 9-12. Herndon High School was the only high school within the city limits of Herndon, Kansas. The school colors were blue and yellow and the school mascot was a Beaver. The average annual enrollment was approximately 200 students from several communities. Herndon High School was established in either 1912 or 1915. A new building was erected in the spring of 1917 because of the growing population of the city. In 1923, Herndon High School became Herndon Rural High School District #2. The school was rebuilt in 1949 and classes were held at St. Mary's High School. Classes resumed at the rebuilt high school in 1950. This remained until the fall of 2003 when the decision was made to consolidate with Atwood USD #318. The new district that was formed is now Unified School District #105 and Rawlins County Junior-Senior High School.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: McCurdy High School (MHS) is a K–12 private school in the city of Española, New Mexico, United States, associated with a local United Methodist church. Founded in 1912 as a mission school, its mission statement is \"Providing a quality education with a Christian emphasis\". The school colors are red and blue (white is an \"unofficial-official\" color); the mascot is the Bobcat.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Central High School is a public high school (grades 9-12) in Memphis, Tennessee. Since it was founded in the early 1900s and is considered the first high school in Memphis; Central is often called \"THE\" High School. It is a part of the Shelby County Schools Optional School system where it is recognized as a school specializing in college preparatory programs. The principal is Gregory McCullough. Central's mascot is the Warrior and the school colors are green and gold. For recognition as the successor to Memphis High School, the first high school in Memphis, Central High's football team, rather than having artwork denoting the \"Warrior\" mascot, simply has a capital \"H\", for THE High School\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Vestal High School is a public high school that operates as part of the Vestal Central School District which encompasses 57 sqmi just west of Binghamton in the Southern Tier of New York. It is a four-year comprehensive school which annually receives both national and state recognition for excellence in education. The high school offers Varsity and Junior Varsity sports as well as musical opportunities in orchestra, band, and chorus. Clubs and student organizations accommodate a wide range of interests, from the physical sciences to martial arts. The mascot of Vestal High School is the Golden Bear named Bruin. Vestal High School holds an annual dance named after the mascot called the King Bruin dance, or KB. Unlike most high schools, Vestal High School does not have a Homecoming dance, but instead a football game and later in the year the King Bruin dance.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: The Ohio Hi-Point Career Center is a career–technical school that provides career–technical training to high school students and adults in west-central Ohio. Founded in 1974, Ohio Hi-Point (OHP) Career Center in Bellefontaine, Ohio, is a two-year career-technical school district serving 11th and 12th grade students in 14 partner school districts covering five counties, which comprises the career-technical planning district (CTPD). Students may also opt to remain at their partner school and specialize in one of Ohio High-Point’s fifty-two satellite programs. Career-technical programs offered at OHP are in the career fields of agriculture and animal science, arts and communication, business, engineering and manufacturing, health sciences, human and public service and transportation. The high school services students from Bellefontaine High School, Benjamin Logan High School, Indian Lake High School, Waynesfield-Goshen High School, Upper Scioto Valley High School, Riverside High School, Mechanicsburg High School, Triad High School, Kenton High School, Ridgemont High School, Urbana High School, Marysville High School, West Liberty-Salem High School, and Graham High School." ]

[ "Passage 6" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The Slave Market is a painting of about 1882 by the 19th century French artist Gustave Boulanger, who specialized in classical and Orientalist genre scenes. It depicts an Ancient Roman slave auction. It shows the marketing of seven young people, ranging in age from children to young adults, as slaves. Both male slaves, as well as three of the female slaves, bear a similarity in appearance perhaps suggesting that they are members of a family forced into slavery by economic conditions. All are wearing tags to indicate their availability as slaves. The youngest boy is completely naked, while the young man next to him is wearing a loincloth. The young woman sitting next to them is topless, wearing only a skirt, but she is covering her breasts with her legs. The standing African woman is also topless, wearing a white loincloth, and she is covering her breasts with her hands. The taller, standing, young woman is wearing a translucent garment which clearly shows her breasts and pubic hair—she is trying to shield her eyes, perhaps because her potential buyers include former friends and neighbors, who are probably seeing her nude for the first time. The adolescent girl next to her is also topless and barefoot, wearing a skirt. The young woman sitting next to them is wearing a loose garment which leaves both her breasts and her genitals exposed. The auctioneer eats his lunch with a very casual attitude.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Steve McCurry (born April 23, 1950) is an American photographer who has worked in photojournalism and editorial. He is best known for his 1984 photograph \"Afghan Girl\", which originally appeared in \"\"National Geographic\"\" magazine. McCurry is a member of Magnum Photos.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: A Woman Hitting a Neo-Nazi With Her Handbag (Swedish: \"Kvinnan med handväskan\" , lit. \"The woman with the handbag\") is a photograph taken in Växjö, Sweden on 13 April 1985 by Hans Runesson. It depicts a 38-year-old woman hitting a marching neo-nazi with a handbag. The photograph was taken during a demonstration of the Nordic Reich Party supporters. It was published in the next day's \"Dagens Nyheter\" and a day later in some British newspapers. Runesson's photograph was selected as the Swedish Picture of the Year (\"Årets bild\") 1985 and later as the Picture of the Century by the magazine \"Vi\" and the Photographic Historical Society of Sweden.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Flower Power is a photograph taken by American photographer Bernie Boston for the now-defunct \"The Washington Star\" newspaper. Taken on October 21, 1967, during the National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam's \"March on The Pentagon\", the photo shows a Vietnam War protestor placing a carnation into the barrel of a rifle held by a soldier of the 503rd Military Police Battalion.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Impending Death is a photograph taken by freelance photographer Thomas Dallal on September 11, 2001. The photograph depicts the North Tower (1 WTC) of the World Trade Center, on fire after being struck by American Airlines Flight 11 at 8:46 AM, and shortly before its collapse at 10:28 AM. Visible in the photograph are numerous people trapped in the upper floors of the building, hanging out of windows because of the intense smoke and heat. They were unable to escape because of all stairwells and elevators above the 91st floor being severed by Flight 11's impact.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Peter Stackpole was an American photographer. Along with Alfred Eisenstaedt, Margaret Bourke-White, and Thomas McAvoy, he was one of \"Life Magazine\"' s first staff photographers and remained with the publication until 1960. He won a George Polk Award in 1954 for a photograph taken 100 feet underwater, and taught photography at the Academy of Art University. He also wrote a column in \"U.S. Camera\" for fifteen years. He was the son of sculptor Ralph Stackpole.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: \"Why I Live at the P.O.\" is a short story written by Eudora Welty, American writer and photographer. It was published in her collection of stories named \"A Curtain of Green\" (1941). The work was inspired by a photograph taken by Welty that depicts a woman ironing at the back of a post office. The story is classified as an example of Southern realism. \"Why I Live at the P.O.\" is one of Welty's most popular and frequently anthologized stories.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Tomoko Uemura in Her Bath is a photograph taken by American photojournalist W. Eugene Smith in 1971. Many commentators regard \"Tomoko\" as Smith's greatest work. The black-and-white photo depicts a mother cradling her severely deformed, naked daughter in a traditional Japanese bathroom. The mother, Ryoko Uemura, agreed to deliberately pose the startlingly intimate photograph with Smith to illustrate the terrible effects of Minamata disease (a type of mercury poisoning) on the body and mind of her daughter Tomoko. Upon publication the photo became world famous, significantly raising the international profile of Minamata disease and the struggle of the victims for recognition and compensation. At the wishes of Tomoko Uemura's family, the photograph was withdrawn from further publication in 1997, 20 years after Tomoko's death.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Carrasco was born in El Paso, Texas to Mexican-American parents. She was the second-oldest child and oldest girl in her family. She had two brothers and two sisters growing up. When she was around a year or so of age, her family moved to Los Angeles. They lived in government Veteran's housing in Culver City since her father was a Korean War Navy veteran. She recalls that they were poor and lived off of food stamps. Carrasco's childhood growing up in the predominantly Mexican-American and African-American community of Mar Vista Gardens was sometimes painful, because she was teased for having lighter skin than her peers and stood out for her green eyes; being called \"white girl,\" \"green eyes\" and \"\"güera\".\" Her experiences with being simultaneously perceived as not truly Mexican-American and being told to \"take advantage of being light skinned\" makes up of part of her artistic subject matter later on in life. Carrasco said that her father encouraged her to broaden her horizons, go to college and encouraged her artwork. He had appreciated art and he was considered artistic. Her father, who worked as a bus driver for Santa Monica Bus Lines said that \"anybody could be a bus driver but not everybody could be an artist.\" Carrasco's father died of a heart attack when she was twelve and it was difficult for her because she was always close to her father. Carrasco's mother, who also volunteered as a Girl Scout leader, was also artistically inclined. Her mother admired Japanese art and decorated the house with it. Carrasco felt that growing up with Japanese images influenced her sense of line. She also felt that her mother was a personal role model because she was a strong woman. Her mother was also, however, very protective of her girls, and she expected Carrasco to act as a role model of traditional femininity for her sisters." ]

[ "Passage 2" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Craggie Hope, Tennessee is an unincorporated small rural community located on the CSX Transportation railroad (formerly the Louisville and Nashville Railroad) line from Nashville to Memphis in southern Cheatham County, Tennessee. Its location is approximately .\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Capitol Records Nashville is a major United States-based record label located in Nashville, Tennessee operating as part of the Universal Music Group Nashville. From 1991 to 1995, Capitol Nashville was known as Liberty Records, before returning to the Capitol Nashville name in 1995. While under the Liberty name, the label operated short-lived sister label Patriot Records from 1994 to 1995. In 1999, EMI launched Virgin Records Nashville but by 2001, Capitol absorbed the short-lived label. In 2010, the label launched sister label EMI Nashville. On March 23, 2011, Alan Jackson signed with Capitol's EMI Nashville division in conjunction with his own ACR Records label.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Sony Music Nashville is the country music branch of Sony Music. Based in Nashville, Tennessee Sony Music Nashville includes its three country recording labels, Arista Nashville, Columbia Nashville and RCA Nashville, as well as Christian music company, Provident Label Group.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The NECAT Network, known formally as the Nashville Education, Community and Arts Television Network, is a group of local non-commercial educational public and educational access television channels headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee, and serving the entire Middle Tennessee region. Broadcast facilities and headquarters are located at 120 White Bridge Road in Nashville, Davidson County, Tennessee.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Nat T. Winston Jr., M.D. (Dr. Nat, Dr. Winston, \"Big Nat\") was an American psychiatrist and healthcare pioneer, Tennessee's former commissioner of mental health, and a former candidate for Governor of Tennessee. Winston published \"Dear God: I Hope You Will Always Love Me and Forgive Me\" in 2009, a book that addresses and discusses topics in the sexual exploitation of American women. He died on 31 December, 2013 in Nashville, Tennessee.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The Country Music Association (CMA) was founded in 1958 in Nashville, Tennessee. It originally consisted of 233 members and was the first trade organization formed to promote a music genre. The objectives of the organization are to guide and enhance the development of Country Music throughout the world; to demonstrate it as a viable medium to advertisers, consumers, and media; and to provide a unity of purpose for the Country Music industry. However the CMA may be best known to most country music fans for its annual Country Music Association Awards broadcast live on network television each fall (usually October or November).\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: \"I Hope You Dance\" is a crossover country pop song written by Mark Sanders and Tia Sillers and recorded by country singer Lee Ann Womack with Sons of the Desert. The song, which was featured on Womack's 2000 album of the same name, reached number one on both the \"Billboard\" Hot Country Singles & Tracks and Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks charts, and also reached number fourteen on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. It is considered to be Womack's signature song, and it is the only \"Billboard\" number one for both Womack and Sons of the Desert. \"I Hope You Dance\" won the 2001 CMA, ACM, NSAI, ASCAP and BMI awards for Song of the Year. It also won the Grammy Award for Best Country Song and was nominated for Song of the Year. \"I Hope You Dance\" is ranked 352 in the list \"Songs of the Century\" compiled by Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). \"I Hope You Dance\" reached its 2 million sales mark in the United States in October 2015, and as of August 2016, it has sold 2,093,000 digital copies in the US.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Hope Cement, formerly Hope Construction Materials, is a producer of cement, concrete and aggregates in the United Kingdom, founded in 2013. Before 1 April 2014 Hope Construction Materials was the trading name for the two entities, Hope Cement Limited and Hope Ready Mix Concrete Limited. Hope Construction Materials was acquired by Breedon Group on 1 August 2016 for £336 million, and renamed Hope Cement Limited. Hope Ready Mix Concrete Limited remains a dormant company.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Founded in 1997, Fellowship Bible Church of Nashville, Tennessee is a non-denominational Christian church with campuses in Brentwood, Franklin, and Nashville. Started as a \"church plant\" by Fellowship Bible Church of Little Rock, Arkansas, the church is governed by a plurality of elders, emphasizes the authority of the Bible, and employs a team-based approach to ministry. The teaching team is made up of three pastors at the Brentwood and Franklin campuses and one pastor at the Nashville campus: Rob Sweet, Lloyd Shadrach, and Michael Easley, and Phil Covert for the Nashville campus. \"Ring the Bells\", a Christmas television special, was produced by Fellowship Bible Church and filmed by The Worship Network on location in Brentwood, Tennessee. The evening's music was also released in the form of a 2-disc CD set in 2008 and included performances by many different artists such as Geoff Moore, Cheri Keaggy, Ronnie Freeman, Christy Nockels, Cindy Morgan, and Jason Ingram.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: Frederick Tupper Saussy III (July 3, 1936 – March 16, 2007) was an American composer, musician, author, artist, and conspiracy theorist. His contemporaries describe him as a self-styled theologian, restaurant owner, ghostwriter of James Earl Ray’s biography, King assassination conspiracy theorist, anti-government pamphleteer, and radical opponent of the federal government’s taxation and monetary authority. He was born in Statesboro, Georgia; grew up in Tampa, Florida; and graduated from the University of the South at Sewanee, Tennessee, in 1958. His jazz combo there put out a university-subsidized album, \"Jazz at Sewanee\", which included several original compositions. Thereafter Saussy taught English at Montgomery Bell Academy in Nashville, Tennessee, co-founded an advertising agency, McDonald and Saussy, and kept his musical career alive with recording dates and club sessions. With the Nashville Symphony, he composed a work called \"The Beast with Five Heads\" (1965/66), based on \"The Bremen Town Musicians\", designed to replace \"Peter and the Wolf\" as a work to teach schoolchildren about orchestration, which continued to be used for the next fifteen years. For its 1968/69 season, the Nashville Symphony commissioned him to write a piano concerto for Bill Pursell; it was performed by the Symphony on January 14, 1969, with Thor Johnson conducting." ]

[ "Passage 6", "Passage 7" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: British actor Christian Bale has starred in various films, as well as advertisements and a video game. He made his acting debut in 1986, on the television film \"\". The following year, he made his film debut starring alongside John Malkovich and Miranda Richardson in the war film \"Empire of the Sun\". Bale's role of a young boy, interned in China by the Japanese, received praise from most film critics. Two years later, Bale had a minor role in \"Henry V\", a drama film based on William Shakespeare's play \"The Life of Henry the Fifth\". It has been considered one of the best Shakespeare film adaptations ever made. In 1992, Bale starred as Jack Kelly in the Walt Disney musical drama \"Newsies\", which was a critical and commercial failure; however, it gained a cult following. He received a role in the 1994 drama \"Little Women\", which garnered positive reviews. Bale lent his voice for the Disney animated film \"Pocahontas\" in 1995, although it received a mixed reception and attained box office success. He starred as British journalist Arthur Stuart in the Todd Haynes-directed drama \"Velvet Goldmine\" (1998). Although critics were divided on the film, Bale's role was \"eagerly anticipated\". Bale portrayed Demetrius in the critically praised 1999 film \"A Midsummer Night's Dream\", an adaptation of Shakespeare's play of the same name, directed by Michael Hoffman. The same year, he portrayed Jesus of Nazareth in the television movie \"Mary, Mother of Jesus\".\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Mark Margolis (born November 26, 1939) is an American actor. He is known for his performances as Alberto \"The Shadow\" in \"Scarface\" (1983) and Antonio Nappa in \"Oz\", and his Emmy-nominated performance as Don Héctor \"Tio\" Salamanca in \"Breaking Bad\" and \"Better Call Saul\".\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Armitage Trail (July 18, 1902 – October 10, 1930) was an American pulp fiction author, best known for his 1929 novel \"Scarface\". This novel depicted the rise of gangster Al Capone, and was adapted into the 1932 film \"Scarface\" directed by Howard Hawks and produced by Howard Hughes. The 1932 film was loosely remade as 1983's \"Scarface\". His only other significant work is detective novel \"The Thirteenth Guest\", though Coons is speculated to have written under a variety of pen names.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Old Cats (Spanish: \"Gatos viejos\" ) is a 2011 Chilean drama film directed by Sebastián Silva.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Antonio David Lyons is an American actor, musician, poet and social activist, popular for his roles as Lawrence in \"American History X\" and as Thomas Mirama in \"Hotel Rwanda\", starring alongside Don Cheadle, Sophie Okonedo and Hakeem Kae-Kazim. He is also well known in South Africa, where he has made his home since 2003.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: We're All Necessary (Spanish:Todos somos necesarios) is a 1956 Italian-Spanish drama film directed by José Antonio Nieves Conde, starring Alberto Closas, Folco Lulli, Lída Baarová and Ferdinand Anton. It tells the story of three men who are released from prison and have doubts and regrets regarding their place in society. The film was a co-production with an Italian company. It competed in the Spanish section at the 1956 San Sebastián International Film Festival, where it won the awards for Best Film, Best Director, Best Screenplay and Best Actor (Closas).\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Magic Magic is a 2013 American-Chilean psychological thriller film written and directed by Sebastián Silva and starring Juno Temple, Emily Browning, Michael Cera, and Catalina Sandino Moreno.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Crystal Fairy & The Magical Cactus (Crystal Fairy & The Magical Cactus and 2012 as presented onscreen) is a 2013 Chilean adventure comedy film written and directed by Sebastián Silva. The film stars Michael Cera and Gaby Hoffmann.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Eric Nelsen (born June 26, 1991) is an American television, film and broadway actor and producer. He is best known for his work in Hulu's revival of \"All My Children\" playing AJ Chandler and received a Daytime Emmy Award nomination for his work on the show. On stage Nelsen is internationally acclaimed for his portrayal of Brett Sampson in the original Broadway production of \"13 The Musical\" starring alongside Ariana Grande as well as starring alongside Gretchen Mol in \"The Good Mother\" produced by The New Group. On television Nelsen has starred alongside James Spader in \"The Blacklist\", Adam Driver in \"Girls\", Kevin Bacon in \"The Following\", Mark Harmon in \"NCIS\" and Tom Selleck in \"Blue Bloods\". On the big screen, Nelsen can be seen working alongside Academy Award winner, Liam Neeson in \"A Walk Among the Tombstones\"." ]

[ "Passage 2" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The Social Credit Party of Ontario (SCPO) (also known as the Ontario Social Credit League, Social Credit Association of Ontario and the Union of Electors) was a minor political party at the provincial level in the Canadian province of Ontario from the 1940s to the early 1970s. The party never won any seats in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. It was affiliated with the Social Credit Party of Canada and espoused social credit theories of monetary reform.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The New Zealand Democratic Party for Social Credit (shortened to Democrats for Social Credit) is a small leftist political party in New Zealand. Its policies are based on the ideas of social credit. The party has been known as the Social Credit Political League, Social Credit Party, and New Zealand Democratic Party and was part of the Alliance for a time.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Glenville Lawrence MacLachlan (June 4, 1895 – January 28, 1973) was a provincial politician from Alberta, Canada. He served as a member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta from 1935 to 1940, sitting with the Social Credit caucus in government. MacLachlan was one of the leaders of the 1937 Social Credit backbenchers' revolt and became chairman of the Social Credit Board, a body created as a result of the revolt, that had the purpose of overseeing the implementation of social credit economic theory in Alberta. In 1940, the Social Credit Association denied him the right to run as a party candidate in that year's election.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The Social Credit Party of Canada (French: Parti Crédit social du Canada ), colloquially known as the Socreds, was a conservative-populist political party in Canada that promoted social credit theories of monetary reform. It was the federal wing of the Canadian social credit movement.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Alberta Social Credit Party was a provincial political party in Alberta, Canada, that was founded on social credit monetary policy put forward by Clifford Hugh Douglas and on conservative Christian social values. The Canadian social credit movement was largely an out-growth of the Alberta Social Credit Party. The Social Credit Party of Canada was strongest in Alberta, before developing a base in Quebec when Réal Caouette agreed to merge his Ralliement créditiste movement into the federal party. The British Columbia Social Credit Party formed the government for many years in neighbouring British Columbia, although this was effectively a coalition of centre-right forces in the province that had no interest in social credit monetary policies.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The Social Credit Board was a committee in Alberta, Canada from 1937 until 1948. Composed of Social Credit backbenchers in the Legislative Assembly of Alberta, it was created in the aftermath of the 1937 Social Credit backbenchers' revolt. Its mandate was to oversee the implementation of social credit in Alberta. To this end, it secured the services of L. Dennis Byrne and George Powell, two lieutenants of social credit's British founder, C. H. Douglas.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The Representative Party of Alberta (first registered as the Political Alternative Association and known as the Alternative Government Movement prior to registration in 1984) was a provincial political party in Alberta, Canada formed by former Alberta Social Credit Party parliamentary leader Raymond Speaker in 1984. The party was right-of-centre, conservative in ideology and considered a modern version of Social Credit without the social credit monetary reform policy.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The Social Credit Party of Saskatchewan (originally known as the Social Credit League of Saskatchewan) was a political party in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan that promoted social credit economic theories from the mid-1930s to the mid-1970s." ]

[]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Claire Leka is a television presenter and journalist, specializing in business & finance. For a long part of her career, she worked for CNN as a correspondent and anchor as well as for MSNBC, NBC News, CBS News and WABC-TV. She is a prominent Filipina, and was born in Washington, DC. Claire has also been a Finance correspondent on Australian breakfast show \"Sunrise\".\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Chrissie & Jane was an Australian breakfast radio show with Chrissie Swan & Jane Hall with anchor Brendon Dangar (Whippy). The show was broadcast on Mix 101.1 from 6am to 9am on weekdays and ran from February 2012 until December 2014.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Ian D. Dempsey (born 16 January 1961) is an Irish presenter of television and breakfast radio. He is the long-running presenter of the breakfast show on Today FM, self-titled \"The Ian Dempsey Breakfast Show\", which runs from 7-9am each weekday. He has won several major awards for his programmes and was Ireland's tenth most-listened-to broadcaster in 2007.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Dominic Anthony Byrne (born 10 November 1972) is a newsreader and presenter. He currently works on the Chris Moyles Breakfast show on Radio X, having previously worked as the newsreader for Capital FM on the Capital FM Breakfast Show. Prior to this he had worked with the BBC from 1997 to 2012, most notably as part of the on-air team on \"The Chris Moyles Show\" on BBC Radio 1 from 2004 to 2012, working as the newsreader and contributing to the show's zoo format. He also worked as a newsreader elsewhere on Radio 1, and presented on the BBC News Channel. He also runs his own voice training business called Open Mouth Productions. He returned to the new format of \"The Chris Moyles Show\" on Radio X in 2015, reading the news.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Chrissie, Sam & Browny is an Australian breakfast radio show on Nova 100 in Melbourne. The show is hosted by television and radio personality and former Big Brother contestant Chrissie Swan, comedian and television star Sam Pang and three time AFL premiership player with the Brisbane Lions and current football pundit Jonathan Brown. Dean Thomas is the show's anchor.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Matt & Jane was an Australian breakfast radio show with Matt Tilley and Jane Hall with anchor Simon Baggs. The show aired weekdays between 6 and 9am on KIIS 101.1 in Melbourne. The show commenced on 19 January 2015 and finished on 4 December 2015. News, sport, weather and traffic updates were presented by Krystal Keller.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Breakfast was an Australian breakfast television program which aired live on Network Ten on weekdays, as well as a weekly highlights program on Saturday at 11:00am. It had a format consisting of news, sport and weather updates every half hour from 6:00am to 8:00am with a mixture of debate, current affairs and regular segments in between. The show originally ran from 6:00am–9:00am on weekdays preceding \"The Circle\" before being shortened to a two-and-a-half hour show, as part of the \"Mornings on Ten\" lineup. The presenting line-up consisted of Paul Henry and Kathryn Robinson, along with broadcast meteorologist Magdalena Roze who presented weather updates, while News & Sport updates were presented by various Network Ten journalists. Before being made redundant at Ten, Deborah Knight participated in Breakfast's audition. However,current Today newsreader Wendy Kingston was offered the permanent position but had to decline as she was pregnant.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Graeme Smith is a British broadcaster born in Liverpool, England. He is currently employed by Global Radio, Graeme is a presenter on Capital Liverpool. He currently hosts the Drivetime Show alongside Sarah Story. In December 2015 it was announced he and his co-host would be leaving Capital North and West Wales weekday breakfast show to 2010 – 2012 he worked as breakfast show presenter and then drivetime host at 97.4 Rock FM based in North West England. He used to host weekend afternoons on Key 103 in Manchester and for over a year was the presenter of Sunday mid mornings at the station.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Chris Evans Drivetime was a flagship programme on BBC Radio 2, which aired on weekdays between 17:00 and 19:00 in the United Kingdom. It was presented by veteran broadcaster Chris Evans, who moved to Drivetime from his Saturday afternoon show after Johnnie Walker left the slot after seven years in 2006. On 7 September 2009 the BBC announced that Evans would take over the breakfast show (now called the \"Chris Evans Breakfast Show\") from the retiring Terry Wogan, from 11 January 2010, and on 15 September it was confirmed that Simon Mayo would replace Evans on \"Drivetime\"." ]

[ "Passage 2" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: \"Shut Up and Drive\" is a song recorded by Barbadian singer Rihanna for her third studio album, \"Good Girl Gone Bad\" (2007). It was written by Bernard Sumner, Peter Hook, Stephen Morris, Gillian Gilbert, Carl Sturken and Evan Rogers while the production was done by the last two. Released as the album's second single, the song was solicited to the US radios on June 12, 2007 and was physically released on August 27, 2007, in the UK. \"Shut Up and Drive\" is a new wave song which heavily incorporates the 1970s and 1980s musical styles. Lyrically, it contains multiple references to cars and car parts including the 57' Cadillac.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Benelux' Next Top Model was a Dutch language reality television show aired in Belgium and the Netherlands. The show was hosted by Dutch writer and former top model Daphne Deckers. It was a merge between \"Holland's Next Top Model\", and the Belgian television series \"Topmodel\". The first cycle premiered in September 2009, and was based on the top rated series \"America's Next Top Model\" with model Tyra Banks. Despite the Benelux reference in the title, the program was not broadcast in Luxembourg or Wallonia.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Britain and Ireland's Next Top Model, cycle 7 was the seventh cycle of \"Britain & Ireland's Next Top Model\". It aired from 4 July to 26 September 2011. The show's title was changed from \"Britain's Next Top Model\" to \"Britain and Ireland's Next Top Model\", as the show was broadcast in, and auditioned contestants from, the Republic of Ireland as well as the United Kingdom. The judging panel remained the same as in cycle 6, with Elle Macpherson returning as executive producer and host alongside judges Julien Macdonald, Grace Woodward and Charley Speed.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Britain's Next Top Model, Cycle 10 is the tenth cycle of \"Britain's Next Top Model\". After Sky Living confirmed that the show had been cancelled in 2013, the show announced in April 2015 via its Twitter account that it would be returning in 2016 on Lifetime. The title was changed back from \"Britain & Ireland's Next Top Model\" to \"Britain's Next Top Model\" due to licensing issues, but contestants from Ireland were still allowed to apply for the show.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Colombia's Next Top Model is a Colombian reality television series, based on Tyra Banks' \"America's Next Top Model\". It is the third franchise in Latin America after \"Brazil's Next Top Model\" and \"Mexico's Next Top Model\". The series began to air on Caracol TV on January 8, 2013.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Cycle one of Canada's Next Top Model, the Canadian adaptation of Tyra Banks' \"America's Next Top Model\", aired on Citytv from May to July 2006. The show was hosted by Canadian model and actress Tricia Helfer, who also served the role of head judge with a judging panel composed of columnist and designer Jeanne Beker, former model Stacey McKenzie, and make-up artist Paul Venoit. The creative director of \"America's Next Top Model\", Jay Manuel also made guest appearances in the cycle, and later went on to host the show for its next two seasons.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Peru's Next Top Model is a Peruvian reality television series, based on Tyra Banks' \"America's Next Top Model\". It is the fourth franchise in Latin America after \"Brazil's Next Top Model\", \"Mexico's Next Top Model\", and \"Colombia's Next Top Model\". The first season of the series began to air on ATV on September 7, 2013.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Mariana Verkerk (1960) is a Dutch-American model, runway coach, agent, television personality, businesswoman and commercial producer. She has walked the runway for various designers, such as Michael Kors, Nicole Miller and Thierry Mugler. Following a successful modeling career, Mariana served as a judge and runway coach since 2005 on Scandinavia’s Next Top Model, Norway's Next Top Model (cycle 7), Benelux' Next Top Model and Holland's Next Top Model.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: The seventeenth cycle of America's Next Top Model (subtitled as America's Next Top Model: All Stars and stylized as America's Next Top Model ALL ★ STARS) premiered on September 14, 2011 on The CW. It featured fourteen returning models from previous seasons." ]

[ "Passage 1" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Ismet Popovac (died 21 August 1943) was a Bosnian Muslim lawyer and physician who led a Muslim Chetnik militia known as the Muslim People's Military Organization (MNVO) in Bosnia and Herzegovina during World War II. He was active in pre-war Yugoslav politics, becoming a member of the Serbian Muslim cultural organization \"Gajret\" and serving as the mayor of Konjic, a town in northern Herzegovina. He is also said to have been candidate for Vladko Maček's electoral list, but was left without a job in the Yugoslav state government after the creation of the Banovina of Croatia in August 1939.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Dianella White Eagles SC is an Australian soccer club based in Perth, Western Australia which was established by the local Serbian Australian community. The team was formed under the name of Dianella Serbia in 1978, with the name changed to the current one in the 1990s to reduce the ethnic tension between former Yugoslav clubs, due to the outbreak of the Yugoslav War. In recent times, the club has seen a major influx of players and personnel who were refugees of the Yugoslav War, mainly from the Krajina region in Croatia, and from Republika Srpska in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The senior team currently (2017) plays in the Western Australian State League first division. The club has had some success winning the Division 1 title in 1993 sending them into the state's top division for a brief stint. The club has since spent its time in Division 1 coming close to winning the league in 2013.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: In Irish mythology, Nechtan was the father and/or husband of Boann, eponymous goddess of the River Boyne. Elsewhere her husband is named as Elcmar. He may be Nuada under another name, or his cult may have been replaced by that of Nuada; others maintain that Nechtan may be another name for the Dagda. His inhabited the otherworldly Síd Nechtain, the mythological form of Carbury Hill. In the Dindsenchas Nechtan is described as the husband of Boann and the son of Nuadu.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Dr. Džafer Kulenović (17 February 1891 – 3 October 1956), often referred to as Džafer-beg Kulenović, was a Yugoslav politician who led the Yugoslav Muslim Organization in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, and was briefly Minister of Forestry and Mining in the pre-war Yugoslav governments of Dragiša Cvetković and Dušan Simović. During World War II, he served as the Vice President of the Axis puppet state the Independent State of Croatia.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Organization of Yugoslav Nationalists (\"Organizacija Jugoslavenskih Nacionalista\", \"ORJUNA\"; \"Организација Југославенских Националиста\", \"ОРЈУНА\"), was a political organization in Yugoslavia that existed from 1921 to 1929. It supported Yugoslav nationalism, promoted the creation of a corporatist state, and attacked communism, democracy, Jews, separatists, Croatian nationalists, and Serbian nationalists. Its leader was Milan Pribićević. It is believed to have been influenced by fascism.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Dobroslav Jevđević (Serbian Cyrillic: , ] ; 28 December 1895 – October 1962) was a Bosnian Serb politician and self-appointed Chetnik commander (Serbo-Croatian: \"vojvoda\" , вoјвода) in the Herzegovina region of the Axis-occupied Kingdom of Yugoslavia during World War II. He was a member of the interwar Chetnik Association and the Organisation of Yugoslav Nationalists, a Yugoslav National Party member of the National Assembly, and a leader of the opposition to King Alexander between 1929 and 1934. The following year, he became the propaganda chief for the Yugoslav government.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Hillside Family of Agencies is one of the oldest family and youth non-profit human services organizations in Western and Central New York, USA. The agency started as Rochester Female Association for the Relief of Orphans and Destitute Children in 1837. The first year 46 children were served. The organization was renamed the Rochester Orphan Asylum in 1839, the organization constructed a larger facility in 1844 at Hubbell Park. In 1905 the group moved to the current Monroe Ave site. To reflect the shift from providing a home for orphans to caring for “dependent and neglected children,” the Rochester Orphan Asylum changed its name in 1921 to Hillside Home for Children. Another name change came in 1940 when Hillside Children’s Center was adopted and a goal set: “for every child, a fair chance for the development of a healthy personality”. During World War II Hillside Children's Center worked with Eastman Kodak to help the children of Kodak employees in England. Between 1940 and 1942, 156 British children were brought to the Rochester area by Kodak to safeguard them from the war in their home country. Hillside assisted in placing these “Kodakids,” as they were called, with the families of local Kodak employees or in foster homes for the duration of the war. In 1965, Hillside broadened its mission to helping “dependent, neglected, learning disabled, emotionally disturbed, socially maladjusted, and delinquent” children. During the 1970s, Hillside Children’s Center experienced great growth. The institution began its conversion to a residential treatment center and reopened its campus school, which had been closed since 1931. In 1996 a new parent organization, Hillside Behavioral Health System (HBHS), was formed in order to provide services more efficiently and effectively. Hillside Children’s Center and Hillside Children’s Foundation served as partner affiliates. In 1996 the Wegmans Work Scholarship Connection joined Hillside to become Hillside Work Scholarship. In 1999, Hillside Behavioral Health System added to its family when Crestwood Children’s Center and Crestwood Children’s Foundation affiliated with it. Hillside Family of Agencies was adopted as the system name in December 2000 to better represent the diversity of services provided by each affiliate. In 2004 Hillside absorbed Snell Farms Children's Center and Adoption Resource Network, Inc.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Milan Pribićević (Serbian Cyrillic: ) was an ethnic Serb Yugoslav who led ORJUNA, a short-lived but influential fascist party in Yugoslavia during the 1920s that supported Yugoslav nationalism, promoted the creation of a corporatist state, and attacked communism, democracy, Jews, separatists, Croatian and Serbian nationalists.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Enamtila () is a Sumerian term meaning \"house of life\" or possibly \"house of creation\". It was a sanctuary dedicated to Enlil, likely to have been located within the Ekur at Nippur during the Akkadian Empire. It also referred to various other temples including those to later versions of Enlil; Marduk and Bel as well as one to Ea. It was likely another name for Ehursag, a temple dedicated to Shulgi in Ur. A hymn to Nanna suggests the link \"\"To Ehursag, the house of the king (we go), to the Enamtila of prince Shulgi we go!\"\" Another reference in the Inanna - Dunmuzi text translated by Samuel Noah Kramer references the king's palace by this name and possibly makes references to the \"sacred marriage\": \"\"In the Enamtila, the house of the king, his wife dwelt with him in joy, in the Enamtila, the house of the king, Inanna dwelt with him in joy. Inanna, rejoicing in his house ...\"\". A fire is reported to have broken out next to the Enamtila in a Babylonian astronomical diary dated to the third century BC. The Enamtila is also referred to as a palace of Ibbi-Sin at Ur in the Lament for Sumer and Ur, \"\"Its king sat immobilised in his own palace. Ibbi-Suen was sitting in anguish in his own palace. In E-namtila, his place of delight, he wept bitterly. The flood dashing a hoe on the ground was levelling everything.\"\"" ]

[ "Passage 5" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Mingus Revisited (originally released as Pre-Bird in 1961) is an album by jazz bassist and composer Charles Mingus consisting of music that was composed before Mingus first heard Charlie Parker, hence the \"Pre-Bird\" title. The music is scored for various sized large jazz ensembles and features many soloists prominent at the time of recording. The album includes two tracks which are contrapuntal arrangements of two swing era pieces, whereby \"Take the \"A\" Train\" (left channel) is paired with a simultaneous \"Exactly Like You\" (right channel), and likewise \"Do Nothin' Till You Hear From Me\" with \"I Let a Song Go Out of My Heart\".\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Maserati is a band from Athens, Georgia, United States whose sound has been described as a combination of post-rock and psychedelic influences. Their music is instrumental, relying on the standard rock instrumentation of guitar, bass, and drums. They are currently signed to Temporary Residence Limited, based in Brooklyn, New York.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: \"Joel the Lump of Coal\" is a song by Las Vegas-based rock band The Killers that features late night talk show host Jimmy Kimmel. It was released on December 1, 2014. The song marks the ninth consecutive year in which the band has released a Christmas song. As with their previous Christmas releases, all proceeds from this song go to AIDS charities as part of the Product Red campaign. The song's announcement and debut occurred on \"Jimmy Kimmel Live! \", where the music video and a montage about the recording process aired.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: \"Boots\" is a Christmas song by Las Vegas rock band The Killers, which was released as a digital download on November 30, 2010, despite the band being on hiatus. All proceeds from the song go to AIDS charities as part of the (PRODUCT) campaign, headed by Bono and Bobby Shriver.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: \"Go to Sleep. (Little Man being Erased.)\" , commonly referred to as \"Go to Sleep\", is a song by the English rock band Radiohead, released as the second single from their sixth studio album \"Hail to the Thief\" (2003) on 18 August 2003. The song reached #12 on the UK Singles Chart and reached #39 on the Australian ARIA Charts.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: \"Only Nineteen\", \"I Was Only Nineteen\" or \"A Walk in the Light Green\" is the most widely recognised song by Australian folk group Redgum. The song was released in March 1983 as a single, which hit number one on the national Kent Music Report Singles Chart for two weeks. It was also recorded for Redgum's live album \"Caught in the Act\" (Epic Records) released in June, which stayed in the top forty of the Kent Music Report Albums Chart for four months. Royalties for the song go to the Vietnam Veterans Association of Australia. It is in the Australasian Performing Right Association's Top 30 Australian Songs of all time.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Trypes (Greek: Τρύπες), which translates in English as \"Holes\" were a highly influential and acclaimed Greek rock band, originating from Thessaloniki, Greece. Their unique sound emerged mainly from the combination of vocalist Giannis Aggelakas' distinctive singing style and lyrics and Giorgos Karras' Post-punk and Alternative Rock instrumentation. They have produced landmark albums like \"Enia pliromena tragoudia\" (Nine paid songs) and \"Kefali gemato chrysafi\" (Head Full of Gold) which not only were commercially successful, but are also considered to be masterpieces of Greek Rock discography.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: \"Dirt Sledding\" is a song by American rock band The Killers, featuring actor Richard Dreyfuss and the return of Ryan Pardey as Santa. It was released on November 27, 2015. The song is the third and final chapter in a trilogy storyline involving a grudge-holding Santa Claus, following tracks \"Don't Shoot Me Santa\" (2007) and \"I Feel It in My Bones\" (2012). The song marks the tenth consecutive year in which the band has released a Christmas song. As with their previous Christmas releases, all proceeds from this song go to AIDS charities as part of the Product Red campaign.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Sleep Station is an American indie rock band on Eyeball Records from Bergen County, New Jersey that revolves around frontman David Debiak. While some Sleep Station albums have been recorded with a full band (After the War, The Pride of Chester James), others have essentially been David Debiak solo albums (Von Cosel, The Blood of Our Our Fathers), featuring very little, if any, instrumentation other than David Debiak's own guitar playing. Sleep Station is known for its concept albums; to date, all Sleep Station releases have been concept albums, and have been called \"rock operas\" by some critics. David Debiak himself, however, has stated that he is not trying to tell a story in his songs, stating in a MySpace bulletin \"Every record I have done as Sleep Station has been thematic in its nature, not trying to tell a story but just create a mood.\" Unconventional love affairs and war are common lyrical themes in Sleep Station's music.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: Hail to the Thief is the sixth studio album by the English rock band Radiohead. It was released on 9 June 2003, by Parlophone Records in the United Kingdom, and a day later by Capitol Records in the United States. Following \"Kid A\" (2000) and \"Amnesiac\" (2001), which incorporated jazz, classical and electronic music influences, \"Hail to the Thief\" combines alternative rock instrumentation with drum machines, synthesisers, and digital manipulation." ]

[ "Passage 5", "Passage 10" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Martin Jones (born January 10, 1990) is a Canadian ice hockey goaltender for the San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League (NHL). A standout goaltender in junior with the Calgary Hitmen, Jones was named the Western Hockey League's goaltender of the year in 2009–10 and won a silver medal with Team Canada at the 2010 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Kurtis Foster (born November 24, 1981) is a Canadian ice hockey coach and a former professional ice hockey defenceman. He played 408 career games in the National Hockey League (NHL). Foster currently serves as an assistant coach of the Peterborough Petes of the Ontario Hockey League.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Pernell-Karl Sylvester \"P. K.\" Subban {'1': \", '2': \", '3': \", '4': \"} (born May 13, 1989) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman for the Nashville Predators of the National Hockey League (NHL).\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: James Reimer (born March 15, 1988) is a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender for the Florida Panthers of the National Hockey League (NHL). Reimer has also played for the Toronto Maple Leafs and San Jose Sharks. He was selected by the Maple Leafs in the fourth round (99th overall) of the 2006 NHL Entry Draft. He started playing minor hockey in his hometown when he was 12. He played junior hockey with the Red Deer Rebels of the Western Hockey League (WHL), after being selected in the fifth round of the 2003 WHL Bantam Draft. After turning professional, Reimer played with the South Carolina Stingrays and Reading Royals of the ECHL, as well as the Toronto Marlies of the American Hockey League. Reimer was named the most valuable player of the ECHL playoffs, as the Stingrays won the Kelly Cup in 2009. Reimer made his NHL debut with the Maple Leafs during the 2010–11 season and went on to replace Jean-Sébastien Giguère as the Maple Leafs' starting goaltender. He plays for Canada internationally, and first represented his country at the 2011 World Championship. In 2013, he had the best save percentage in Toronto Maple Leafs history with a then .918.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Malcolm-Jamaal Justin Subban (born December 21, 1993) is a Canadian ice hockey goaltender. He currently plays in the American Hockey League with the Providence Bruins as a prospect of the Boston Bruins in the National Hockey League (NHL). Subban was selected by the Boston Bruins in the first round (24th overall) of the 2012 NHL Entry Draft. He played junior hockey in the Ontario Hockey League with the Belleville Bulls. His older brother, P. K. Subban is a defenceman with the Nashville Predators. His younger brother Jordan is a prospect for the Vancouver Canucks.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Alexandre Plante (born May 9, 1989) is a Canadian-South Korean professional ice hockey defenceman who is currently playing for Anyang Halla of the Asia League Ice Hockey (ALH). He was selected by the Edmonton Oilers 15th overall in the 2007 NHL Entry Draft and made his National Hockey League (NHL) debut in 2009–10. He is the son of former professional defenceman Cam Plante, while his brother, Tyler, is a goaltender for the Sheffield Steelers.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Marc Staal (born January 13, 1987) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman and an alternate captain for the New York Rangers of the National Hockey League (NHL). He is the younger brother of Eric Staal of the Minnesota Wild, and the older brother of Jordan Staal of the Carolina Hurricanes, and Jared Staal of the Edinburgh Capitals in the Elite Ice Hockey League. Of the four brothers, Marc is the only defenceman.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Alexander Pietrangelo (born January 18, 1990) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman currently playing for and serving as captain of the St. Louis Blues of the National Hockey League (NHL). As a junior, he played with the Niagara IceDogs and Barrie Colts of the Ontario Hockey League (OHL). Pietrangelo has competed in with Team Canada at the junior and senior level, including a gold medal win with Canada's under-20 team at the 2009 World Junior Championships. Individually, he has been named Best Defenceman at the 2010 World Junior Championship and 2011 Men's World Championship. His father is the cousin of former NHL goaltender Frank Pietrangelo.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Jordan-Carmichael Subban (born March 3, 1995) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman for the Utica Comets of the American Hockey League (AHL). He was selected by the Vancouver Canucks in the fourth round (115th overall) of the 2013 NHL Entry Draft. Jordan is one of the three Subban brothers to be drafted into the NHL, the other two being Malcolm Subban and P. K. Subban.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: Frederick Hugh \"Old Eagle Eyes\" Lehman (October 27, 1885 – April 12, 1961) was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender. He started his ice hockey career playing for the Pembroke Lumber Kings and the Berlin Dutchmen. In 1911, Lehman joined the New Westminster Royals, playing for the Royals for three seasons, before joining the Vancouver Millionaires in 1914. Lehman played half of his 22-year professional career with Vancouver, winning his only Stanley Cup; he would be unsuccessful in seven other attempts. In 1926, he joined the Chicago Black Hawks of the National Hockey League (NHL), playing a full season and splitting the second one as player and head coach. Although some ice hockey historians credit Jacques Plante for originating the practice, Lehman was the first goaltender to regularly pass the puck to his fellow forwards and defensemen; he even scored a goal by shooting the puck in the opponent's net while playing for the Professionals. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1958." ]

[ "Passage 3", "Passage 5" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The Mansion Row Historic District is a national historic district located at New Albany, Indiana. It features some of the various mansions of the city when New Albany was the largest city in Indiana around the time of the American Civil War. The main section is on Main Street from State Street (where the Scribner House is), to 15th Street. A smaller section is on Market Street from E. 7th Street to E. 11th Street.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Adam Gregory Simon (born March 13, 1977) is an American actor and writer. He started his professional career as an actor in theatre with roles in the early 2000s and then made his television and film debut. Simon is the writer of \"Man Down\", a post-apocalyptic thriller directed by Dito Montiel which stars Shia LaBeouf, Kate Mara, Gary Oldman, Jai Courtney and Clifton Collins, Jr..\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The Book of Eli is a 2010 American post-apocalyptic neo-Western action film directed by the Hughes brothers, written by Gary Whitta, and starring Denzel Washington, Gary Oldman, Mila Kunis, Ray Stevenson, and Jennifer Beals. The story revolves around Eli, a nomad in a post-apocalyptic world, who is told by a voice to deliver his copy of a mysterious book to a safe location on the West Coast of the United States. The history of the post-war world is explained along the way, as is the importance of Eli's task. Filming began in February 2009 and took place in New Mexico.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Drifter is a 2016 American post-apocalyptic thriller film directed by Chris von Hoffmann. It stars Aria Emory, who co-wrote the film with von Hoffmann, and Drew Harwood as brothers who become stranded in a town run by cannibals. It was released in October 2016 in Australia and February 2017 in the US. It has an approval rating of 44% at Rotten Tomatoes.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: James Tupper (born August 4, 1965) is a Canadian actor known for his roles as Jack Slattery on the ABC television series \"Men in Trees\", Dr. Chris Sands on the NBC medical drama series \"Mercy\", and David Clarke on ABC's \"Revenge\". As of autumn 2016, he is the star of the post-apocalyptic thriller \"Aftermath\", on Space in Canada and Syfy in the U.S.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Hayden Christensen (born April 19, 1981) is a Canadian actor and producer. He began his career on Canadian television at the age of 13, then diversified into American television in the late 1990s. He was praised for his acting as Sam in \"Life as a House\" (2001), earning Golden Globe Award and Screen Actors Guild Award nominations. Christensen gained international fame for his portrayal of Anakin Skywalker (Darth Vader) in \"\" (2002) and \"\" (2005). His honors for these films include a nomination for the Saturn Award for Best Actor and the Cannes Film Festival Revelation Award.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Greenwich Avenue, formerly Greenwich Lane, is a southeast-northwest avenue located in the Greenwich Village neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City. It extends from the intersection of 6th Avenue and 8th Street at its southeast end to its northwestern end at 8th Avenue between 14th Street and 13th Street. It is sometimes confused with Greenwich Street. Construction of West Village Park, bounded by Greenwich Avenue, 7th Avenue, and 12th Street, began in 2016.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Mark Ellis is a Canadian actor and screenwriter. He is the co-showrunner and executive producer of the CBC series X Company which premieres February 18, 2015 on CBC. He also co-created and executive produced \"Flashpoint\" which aired on CBS, CTV, ION Television and networks around the world. The series was awarded the Academy Board of Directors Tribute for Outstanding and Enduring Contribution to Canadian Television, in addition to a Canadian Screen Award (2013) and Gemini Award (2013) for Best Dramatic Series. Ellis and his spouse Stephanie Morgenstern have received Gemini and Writers Guild awards for their writing in the series. He has appeared in television, film and theatre, including the Emmy-award winning \"Dark Oracle\". He co-wrote and starred in the Genie-nominated short film\" Remembrance\".\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Jordan Trovillion (born 1986) is an American actress and singer. She is best known for her appearances in the films \"Jack Reacher\" (2012), \"Vanishing on 7th Street\" (2010) and \"Trust\" (2010)." ]

[ "Passage 6" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The 2016 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\", \"Bama\" or \"The Tide\") represented the University of Alabama in the 2016 NCAA Division I FBS football season. This season marked the Crimson Tide's 122nd overall season, 83rd as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC) and its 25th within the SEC Western Division. They played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa, Alabama and were led by tenth year head coach Nick Saban. They finished the season 14–1, were SEC champions and advanced to the College Football Playoff National Championship game, for the second consecutive year, where they were defeated by Clemson.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The Bear That Couldn't Sleep is a 1939 animated short film, directed by Rudolf Ising for MGM as part of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer's \"Barney Bear\" series. Released with the movie \"6,000 Enemies\" by MGM on June 10, 1939, the short is notable for featuring the first appearance of Barney Bear. Ising created the character Barney Bear in the late 1930s for MGM at this time, basing the sleepy-eyed character partially on himself.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The 1977 Alabama Crimson Tide football team (variously \"Alabama\", \"UA\" or \"Bama\") represented the University of Alabama in the 1977 NCAA Division I football season. It was the Crimson Tide's 83rd overall and 44th season as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The team was led by head coach Bear Bryant, in his 20th year, and played their home games at Bryant–Denny Stadium in Tuscaloosa and Legion Field in Birmingham, Alabama. They finished season with eleven wins and one loss (11–1 overall, 7–0 in the SEC), as SEC champions and with a victory over Ohio State in the Sugar Bowl.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Little School Mouse is a 1954 the 83rd one-reel animated \"Tom and Jerry\" short, directed by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera and produced by Fred Quimby with music by Scott Bradley. The cartoon was animated by Irven Spence and Ed Barge, with backgrounds by Robert Gentle, and released on May 29, 1954 by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc. (abbreviated as MGM or M-G-M, also known as Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Pictures, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer or simply Metro, and for a former interval known as Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer/United Artists, or MGM/UA) is an American media company, involved primarily in the production and distribution of feature films and television programs.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Bugs & Daffy: The Wartime Cartoons is a 1989 direct-to-video program by MGM/UA Home Video, containing 11 classic Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies cartoons, all of which are centered on World War II. Film critic Leonard Maltin (\"Entertainment Tonight\") tells trivia and facts about each animated short.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Party Fever is a 1938 \"Our Gang\" short comedy film directed by George Sidney. It was the 170th \"Our Gang\" short (171st episode, 82nd talking short, 83rd talking episode, and second MGM produced episode) that was released.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: 83rd Street (Avalon Park) is an electrified commuter rail station along the Metra Electric Main Line in Chicago, Illinois. The station is located over 83rd Street near Ellis Avenue and is 10.38 mi away from the northern terminus at Millennium Station. Despite the name of the station, it is actually located in Chatham, not the Avalon Park neighborhood for which it is named; however, it is only a short distance from Avalon Park. In Metra's zone-based fare system, 83rd Street-Avalon Park Station is in zone C.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Alladin's Lantern is a 1938 \"Our Gang\" short comedy film directed by Gordon Douglas. It was the 171st \"Our Gang\" short (172nd episode, 83rd talking short, 84th talking episode, and third MGM produced episode) that was released.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: Guard Dog (2004, animation, dark comedy) is a short film (TRT 05:00 min.) which was hand-drawn and produced by Independent Animator Bill Plympton at his \"Plymptoons\" Studio. In 2005 the film was nominated for \"Best Animated Short\" at the 77th Annual Academy Awards held in 2005 and produced by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Also in 2005 \"Guard Dog\" won \"Best Animated Short\" at Toronto World of Comedy International Film Festival, and won a \"Special Jury Mention\" for \"Animated Stories\" at ANIMA - Córdoba International Animation Festival. This film marked the second Academy Award nomination for Plympton, his first being the animated short Your Face at the 60th Academy Awards." ]

[ "Passage 4", "Passage 5" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: George Barclay \"Win\" Mercer (June 20, 1874 – January 12, 1903) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball from 1894 to 1902. Born in Chester, West Virginia, he played primarily with the National League Washington Senators (1894–1899), winning 20 games twice with the club. He also played with the New York Giants (1900), the American League Washington Senators (1901), and the Detroit Tigers (1902). Mercer led the National League in games started (41), shutouts (3), and saves (3) in 1897. He holds the interesting record of most stolen bases (nine) by a pitcher in one season. His career record of 251 complete games ranks No. 77 in Major League history.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The 2013–14 National League 1, known for sponsorship reasons as the SSE National League 1 is the fifth season of the third tier of the English domestic rugby union competitions, since the professionalised format of the second tier RFU Championship was introduced. After being relegated last season, Doncaster Knights are the champions and became the first team to be promoted straight back to the RFU Championship for the 2014-15 season. The teams promoted last season from 2012–13 National League 2 South and 2012–13 National League 2 North, Henley Hawks, Hull Ionians and Worthing Raiders finished in the bottom three places with Henley and Worthing to join the 2014–15 National League 2 South and Ionians to the 2014–15 National League 2 North.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Jeared Wells \"Bill\" Pounds (March 11, 1878 – July 7, 1936) was a pitcher in Major League Baseball. He appeared in just two major league games, one each for Cleveland and Brooklyn in 1903, but the only surviving images of him in a major league uniform show him with the New York Highlanders. Bill Pounds was born in Paterson, New Jersey, and had a long career as a minor league pitcher. His professional career began in 1899 when he pitched for both Binghamton and Paterson. After a year out of organized baseball, he played in 1901 and 1902 for two Ilion and Utica in the New York State League. After reportedly signing a contract to return to Utica for 1903, he was signed by Cleveland in the American League and was on their Opening Day roster. Pounds was brought in to pitch on May 2 in the fourth inning in Chicago when the White Stockings had opened up a big lead; he gave up seven runs (six earned) on eight hits in the 16-6 loss. On May 18 he was released by Cleveland and was signed shortly thereafter by the New York Highlanders. Pounds was in uniform with the team when the Highlanders visited Chicago for a series May 20–22. A photographer from the Chicago Daily News was taking pictures of the players on the teams visiting both the American League and National League ballparks, and during this visit Pounds had his image preserved for posterity. Before the end of the month, without having appeared in a game for New York, Pounds was sent back to Cleveland, apparently because he could not come to terms on a contract. On June 4 he was signed by Brooklyn of the National League, but he did not appear in a game until June 30. With Pittsburg ahead 12-0 after three innings, Pounds was sent in to pitch. He allowed five runs (four earned) in six innings on eight hits and two walks in the 17-8 loss, and gave up a long home run to Honus Wagner. On July 3, his contract was transferred to Baltimore of the Eastern League, along with that of Hughie Jennings and three other Dodgers. Pounds would never appear in another major league game; though his pitching record was unimpressive, he finished with a lifetime batting record of three hits in five at-bats. Late in the 1903 season, his contract was purchased by Denver, but it is unclear whether he actually played in Colorado. For the remainder of his minor-league career, from 1904 through 1911, he pitched for teams within a couple of hundred miles of his birth—four teams in the New York State League and two in the Tri-State League. In the off-seasons he would sometimes pitch for the Paterson Elks team, and he continued to pitch for them after his minor-league career had ended. According to The Sporting Life, “Pounds has speed and a rather good assortment of curves. He has not the best control in the world.” A few years after his career had ended, the Utica Observer described him in this way: “Bill Pounds was the champion sweater of the league. He perspired so much that…a miniature lake (formed) around the slab.” He died in 1936 in the city of his birth, aged 58. Early in the 21st century, the photographic archives of the Chicago Daily News were posted online. Although his teammates’ photographs were easily identified, the image of Pounds remained unidentified, or occasionally misidentified as Doc Adkins, for at least a decade.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The 1975 Cincinnati Reds season was a season in American baseball. The season saw the Reds attempting to improve on their previous output of 98–64. The Reds dominated the league all season, and won the National League West with a record of 108–54, best record in MLB and finished 20 games ahead of the Los Angeles Dodgers. The Reds went on to win the National League Championship Series by defeating the Pittsburgh Pirates in three straight games, and the World Series in seven games over the Boston Red Sox. The Reds were managed by Sparky Anderson and played their home games at Riverfront Stadium. It was the first World Series championship for Cincinnati since 1940. The 1975 Reds are one of the few teams to consistently challenge the 1927 Yankees, what some people call the best in baseball history, for the title for the best team in MLB history. Some sources consider the 1975 Reds the greatest team to ever play baseball. According to some sources, a lot of them put the 1927 Yankees ahead of the '75 Reds. The Reds went 64–17 at home in 1975. That is the best ever home record by a national league team and the second best in baseball history behind only the 1961 Yankees who went 65–16 at home that year. The Reds also set the major league record for most consecutive wins to ever close out a half with 10, when they went into the all star break on a 10 game winning streak. The 840 runs scored by the Reds in 1975 were the most in the league that season, and their +254 run differential was also the best in the league. The Reds were also the only team in the National League to have a winning record on the road, going 44–37.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Jay Hanna \"Dizzy\" Dean (January 16, 1910 – July 17, 1974), also known as Jerome Herman Dean, was an American professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball as a pitcher for the St. Louis Cardinals, Chicago Cubs and the St. Louis Browns. A brash and colorful personality, Dean was the last National League pitcher to win 30 games in one season. After his playing career, he became a popular television sports commentator. Dean was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1953. When the Cardinals reopened the team Hall of Fame in 2014, Dean was inducted among the inaugural class.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: John Andrew Smoltz (born May 15, 1967), nicknamed \"Smoltzie\" and \"Marmaduke,\" is an American former baseball pitcher who played 22 seasons in Major League Baseball from 1988 to 2009, all but the last year with the Atlanta Braves. An eight-time All-Star, Smoltz was part of a celebrated trio of starting pitchers, along with Greg Maddux and Tom Glavine, who propelled Atlanta to perennial pennant contention in the 1990s, highlighted by a championship in the 1995 World Series. He won the National League (NL) Cy Young Award in 1996 after posting a record of 24–8, equaling the most victories by an NL pitcher since 1972. Though predominantly known as a starter, Smoltz was converted to a reliever in 2001 after his recovery from Tommy John surgery, and spent four years as the team's closer before returning to a starting role. In 2002, he set the NL record with 55 saves and became only the second pitcher in history (joining Dennis Eckersley) to record both a 20-win season and a 50-save season. He is the only pitcher in major league history to record both 200 wins and 150 saves.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The St. Louis Cardinals, a professional baseball franchise based in St. Louis, Missouri, compete in the National League (NL) of Major League Baseball (MLB). Founded in 1882 as a charter member of the American Association (AA), the team was originally named the Brown Stockings before it was shortened to Browns the next season. The team moved to the National League in 1892 when the AA folded. The club changed its name to the Perfectos for one season in 1899 and adopted the Cardinals name in 1900. The St. Louis Cardinals are tied with the Cincinnati Reds and Pittsburgh Pirates as the third-oldest continuously-operated baseball team. In that time, the team has won 19 National League pennants and 11 World Series championships (most in the National League and second only to the New York Yankees, who have won 27). They also won four American Association pennants and one pre-World Series championship that Major League Baseball does not consider official.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The National League North, formerly Conference North (currently named the Vanarama National League North for sponsorship reasons), is a division of the National League in England, taking its place immediately below the top division National League. Along with the National League South, it is at Step 2 of the National League System and the sixth overall tier of the English football league system. It consists of teams located in Northern England, Norfolk, the English Midlands and North Wales. From the start of the 2015–16 season, the league has been known as the National League North. As part of a sponsorship deal with Vanarama, the National League North is now known as the Vanarama National League North.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: The 1976 Cincinnati Reds season was a season in American baseball. The Reds entered the season as the reigning world champs and they looked to improve upon their MLB best 108–54 record in 1975. Despite not improving on their record, the Reds still dominated the league all season, and won their second consecutive National League West title with a record of 102–60, beat record in MLB and finished 10 games ahead of the runner-up Los Angeles Dodgers. They went on to defeat the Philadelphia Phillies in the 1976 National League Championship Series in three straight games, and then win their second consecutive World Series title in four straight games over the New York Yankees. They were the third and most recent National League team to achieve this distinction, and the first since the 1921–22 New York Giants. The Reds drew 2,629,708 fans to their home games at Riverfront Stadium, an all-time franchise attendance record. The Reds went 49–32 at home and 53–28 on the road in 1976. The 76 Reds are considered by many as one of the greatest baseball teams ever to play. The Reds scored 857 runs in 1976, easily the most in the league that season. Their +224 run differential was also the best in the league in 1976. As of 2017, the Reds are the only team in baseball history to sweep through an entire postseason since the addition of divisions. The Reds went 7–0 in postseason play in 1976." ]

[ "Passage 5" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Starvin' Marvin in Space is episode 44 of the animated television series South Park. It originally aired on Comedy Central in the United States on November 17, 1999. Like the episode Mr. Hankey's Christmas Classics, the episode is dedicated to Mary Kay Bergman, who lent her voice to nearly all of South Park's female characters. This was the last show to use dialogue by Bergman, who committed suicide shortly after production was completed.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Scooby-Doo and the Alien Invaders is a 2000 direct-to-video animated comic science fiction mystery film. Released on October 3, 2000, it is the third direct-to-video film based on the Saturday morning cartoon series by Hanna-Barbera. The film was produced by Warner Bros. Animation (though it had a Hanna-Barbera Cartoons logo and copyright notice at the end). Unlike the previous films, in spite of the grimmer atmosphere, it also had a lighter tone since the real monsters are the good guys and the disguised humans are the primary antagonists. It is the third of the first four Scooby-Doo direct-to-video films to be animated overseas by Japanese animation studio Mook Animation. It was the last film to feature Mary Kay Bergman as the voice of Daphne before her death in November 1999 and was dedicated to her memory.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut is a 1999 American adult animated musical comedy film based on the Comedy Central animated television series \"South Park\". The film was directed by series creator Trey Parker and stars the regular television cast of Parker, Matt Stone, Mary Kay Bergman, and Isaac Hayes, with guest performances by George Clooney, Eric Idle and Mike Judge. The film follows the four boys Stan Marsh, Kyle Broflovski, Eric Cartman, and Kenny McCormick as they sneak into an R-rated film featuring Canadian actors Terrance and Phillip and begin cursing incessantly. Eventually, their mothers pressure the United States to wage war against Canada for allegedly corrupting their children.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: \"Pretty Fly for a Rabbi\" (alternatively called \"Pretty Fly (For a Rabbi)\" in Australia) is a song by \"Weird Al\" Yankovic. It is a parody of \"Pretty Fly (For a White Guy)\" by The Offspring, and it was released from the 1999 album \"Running with Scissors\". The song was released as a single exclusively in Australia. Tress MacNeille performs the line \"How ya doin' Bernie?\" , and appears in the music video. Voice Actress Mary Kay Bergman also contributes with the, \"For a rabbi!\" line near the middle of the song.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Wendy Testaburger is a fictional character in the American animated series \"South Park\". The series' most prominent female character, she is best known for her on-again, off-again relationship with her boyfriend, Stan Marsh, and being more intelligent and mature than most children her age, which is utilized by her activism and feminism. Wendy debuted as a nameless background character in Trey Parker and Matt Stone's 1995 college short film, \"The Spirit of Christmas\", and made her first appearance on television when \"South Park\" initially premiered on Comedy Central on August 13, 1997 with the episode \"Cartman Gets an Anal Probe\". She is currently voiced by April Stewart. Prior, she had been voiced by several different voice actors throughout the show's run: Mary Kay Bergman, Eliza Schneider, and Mona Marshall.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: \"Let's Go to the Hop\" is the fourteenth episode of the second season of the animated comedy series \"Family Guy\". It originally aired on Fox in the United States on June 6, 2000. It guest-stars Fairuza Balk, Gregg Allman, Mary Kay Bergman, Patrick Bristow, Wayne Collins, Tom Dorfmeister, Joey Slotnick, and Fred Tatasciore.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: \"Blame Canada\" is a song from the 1999 animated musical fantasy comedy film \"\", written by Trey Parker & Marc Shaiman. In the song, the parents of the fictional \"South Park\", led by Sheila Broflovski (Mary Kay Bergman), decided to blame Canada for the trouble their children have been getting into since watching the Canadian-made movie \"Terrance and Phillip: Asses of Fire\" and imitating what they saw and heard in the movie. \"Blame Canada\" satirizes scapegoating and parents that do not control \"their children's consumption of popular culture\". In the 2014 game \"\", the song was made 8-Bit.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: \"Starvin' Marvin\" is the eighth episode in the first season of the American animated television series \"South Park\". It first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on November 19, 1997. In the episode, Cartman, Kenny, Kyle and Stan send money to an African charity hoping to get a sports watch, but are instead sent an Ethiopian child whom they dub \"Starvin' Marvin\". Later, Cartman is accidentally sent to Ethiopia, where he learns activist Sally Struthers is hoarding the charity's food for herself. In an accompanying subplot, after genetically engineered turkeys attack South Park residents, Chef rallies the residents to fight back, in a parody of the film \"Braveheart\".\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Mary Kay Bergman (June 5, 1961 – November 11, 1999), initially credited on \"South Park\" as Shannen Cassidy, was an American voice actress and voice-over teacher.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: \"Hooked on Monkey Fonics\" is episode 12 of season 3 and the 43rd overall episode of Comedy Central's animated series \"South Park\". It originally aired on November 10, 1999. It features issues of homeschooling and phonics, a method of teaching children to read. This is the final episode of South Park to feature the voice talents of Mary Kay Bergman, who committed suicide the day after the episode aired. The final episode to use her dialogue was \"Starvin' Marvin in Space\" which ended production shortly before her death." ]

[ "Passage 9", "Passage 1" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Special Investigator is a 1936 RKO Radio Pictures American crime-drama film, starring Richard Dix and featuring Margaret Callahan, Erik Rhodes and Owen Davis, Jr.. It was directed by Louis King from a screenplay by Louis Stevens, Thomas Lennon and Ferdinand Reyher, based on \"Fugitive Gold\", a story by Erle Stanley Gardner originally serialized in the \"New York Herald Tribune\"'s \"This Week\" magazine from May 26–July 7, 1935.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The Murder Man is a 1935 American crime-drama film starring Spencer Tracy, Virginia Bruce, and Lionel Atwill, and directed by Tim Whelan. The picture was Tracy's first film in what would be a twenty-year career with MGM. Tracy plays an investigative reporter who specializes in murder cases. The film is notable as the feature film debut of James Stewart (who had previously appeared in a Shemp Howard comedy short called \"Art Trouble\"). Stewart has sixth billing as a reporter named Shorty.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Water & Power is a 2013 American crime-drama film set in Latino-centric Eastside Los Angeles, starring Enrique Murciano, Nicholas Gonzalez, Clancy Brown, and Yvette Yates. The film was written and directed by Richard Montoya for SunCast Entertainment, Roberts/David Films and North/South Pictures.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Harry Dean Stanton (July 14, 1926 – September 15, 2017) was an American actor, musician, and singer.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Funeral is a 1996 American crime-drama film directed by Abel Ferrara and starring Christopher Walken, Chris Penn, Annabella Sciorra, Isabella Rossellini, Vincent Gallo, Benicio del Toro and Gretchen Mol.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Good Time is a 2017 American crime-drama film directed by Ben and Josh Safdie and written by Josh Safdie and Ronald Bronstein. The film stars Robert Pattinson, Barkhad Abdi and Jennifer Jason Leigh. Its original soundtrack was composed by electronic musician Oneohtrix Point Never.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Death in the Desert is a 2015 American crime-drama film directed and produced by Josh Evans and starring Michael Madsen and Shayla Beesley, with John Palladino, Paz de la Huerta, and Roxy Saint appearing in supporting roles. Principal filming completed in February 2014 in Las Vegas, Nevada. It is the second film collaboration between Madsen and Evans, who produced \"The Price of Air\" in which Madsen starred.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Prison Break is a 1938 American crime-drama film directed by Arthur Lubin and starring Barton MacLane, Glenda Farrell and Paul Hurst. The film was based on the story \"Walls of San Quentin\" by Norton S. Parker. It was released by Universal Pictures on July 12, 1938. A fisherman confesses to a murder he didn't commit to protect a friend. Determined to keep out of trouble in prison, but another convict makes things difficult for him.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: American Pastoral is a 2016 American crime-drama film directed by Ewan McGregor and written by John Romano, based on the 1997 novel of the same name by Philip Roth. The film stars McGregor, Jennifer Connelly, Dakota Fanning, Peter Riegert, Rupert Evans, Uzo Aduba, Molly Parker and David Strathairn. Principal photography began on September 21, 2015, in Pittsburgh." ]

[ "Passage 4" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: William Matthew \"Bill\" Tilghman Jr. (July 4, 1854 – November 1, 1924) was a career lawman and gunfighter during the Wild West days of Kansas and Oklahoma. He was city marshal in Dodge City, participated in the Kansas County Seat Wars, and moved on to Oklahoma where he participated in the land rushes, including the Cherokee Strip Land Rush. He served as a Deputy U.S. Marshal in Oklahoma and was celebrated for capturing the outlaw Bill Doolin. Tilghman never achieved the household-word status of his close friends Wyatt Earp and Bat Masterson but released his memoirs in a film that he directed and starred in as himself. He died at the age of seventy, after being shot down on the streets of Cromwell, Oklahoma. The fame that Bill Tilghman did achieve was largely due to the efforts of his second wife, who wrote his biography in 1949.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: C.R. Anthony Co., stores branded as Anthony's, was a chain of family-owned and - operated upscale department stores founded in 1922 in Cushing, Oklahoma by C.R Anthony. The company began expanding outside Oklahoma, first into Kansas in 1924, then into Texas in 1925. By 1972, Anthony's had 325 stores in 21 states, all west of the Mississippi River. Anthony's was acquired by Stage Stores Inc. in 1997 and most stores were rebranded as Stage or Beall's.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The Kansas City metropolitan area is a 15-county metropolitan area anchored by Kansas City, Missouri, that straddles the border between the U.S. states of Missouri and Kansas. With a population of about 2,340,000, it ranks as the second largest metropolitan area with its core in Missouri (after Greater St. Louis). Alongside Kansas City, the area includes a number of other cities and suburbs, the largest being Overland Park, Kansas; Kansas City, Kansas; Olathe, Kansas; and Independence, Missouri; each over 100,000 in population. The Mid-America Regional Council (MARC) serves as the Council of Governments and the Metropolitan Planning Organization for the area.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Pensa Custom Guitars is an American company that manufactures electric guitars and basses in handmade fashion. The company is based in New York City. Pensa Custom Guitars was founded by Argentine businessman Rudy Pensa.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: North Kansas City is a city in Clay County, Missouri, United States that despite the similarity in name to its larger counterpart, Kansas City, is an independent municipality part of the Kansas City metropolitan area. The population was 4,208 at the 2010 census. Originally a northern suburb across the Missouri River from Kansas City, Missouri, it is now almost completely surrounded by Kansas City, which has annexed far to the north of North Kansas City's northern city limits. North Kansas City also adjoins the small municipality of Avondale.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Kansas City is the largest city in Missouri, United States, and the sixth largest city in the Midwest. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city had an estimated population of 481,420 in 2016, making it the 37th largest city by population in the United States. It is the anchor city of the Kansas City metropolitan area, which straddles the Kansas–Missouri border. Kansas City was founded in the 1830s as a Missouri River port at its confluence with the Kansas River coming in from the west. On June 1, 1850 the town of Kansas was incorporated; shortly after came the establishment of the Kansas Territory. Confusion between the two ensued and the name Kansas City was assigned to distinguish them soon thereafter.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: C.R. Alsip Guitars, is a small American guitar manufacturing company founded in Arkansas City, KS in Feb. 2012. the company operated in Kansas from 2012-2014. The company is now based in Big Spring, Texas. C.R. Alsip LLC was named after Connie Rae Alsip-Willoughby. Connie lost her battle with pancreatic cancer on Feb. 28th 2012. C.R. Alsip LLC is owned & operated by Connie's son Jake Willoughby who originally planned to name the company \"Mason Alsip\". Jake's grandpa (Max Ray Alsip) worked as a stonemason until his retirement. Before the company was off the ground Connie passed on & Jake decided to name the company after his late mother to honor her & help spread the word about cancer awareness. Jake & C.R. Alsip Guitars worked hand in hand with Phil Collen (Def Leppard) in 2012 to raise funds for the Gerson Institute. The company has built instruments for, and worked with, acts such as Def Leppard, Tesla, Firehouse, Love & Theft & Saving Abel. Bill Leverty of Firehouse & Frank Hannon of Tesla were the first guitarists to endorse C.R. Alsip guitars and play them on the road when the company opened its doors in 2012. Some of the current artists endorsing C.R. Alsip guitars includes Bill Leverty (Firehouse), Allen McKenzie (Firehouse), Frank Hannon (Tesla), Shane Regal (Angie Lynn Carter Band), Jeff Caughron (Jesta James, Full Devil Jacket), Scott Bartlett (Saving Abel) & many others.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Kansas City is the third-largest city in the state of Kansas, the county seat of Wyandotte County, and the third-largest city of the Kansas City metropolitan area. Kansas City, Kansas is abbreviated as \"KCK\" to differentiate it from Kansas City, Missouri. It is part of a consolidated city-county government known as the \"Unified Government\". Wyandotte County also includes the independent cities of Bonner Springs and Edwardsville. As of the 2010 census, the city had a population of 145,786 residents. It is situated at Kaw Point, which is the junction of the Missouri and Kansas rivers.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Olberg is a populated place situated in Pinal County, Arizona. The settlement was founded in 1903, and named after Colonel C.R. Olberg, the chief engineer of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), and as such supervised the construction of the Coolidge Dam which was built by the BIA. It has an estimated elevation of 1309 ft above sea level." ]

[ "Passage 7" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: New York State Route 28B (NY 28B) was a state highway in Oneida County, New York, in the United States. The route served as a connector between NY 287 (now NY 365) in the village of Prospect and NY 12 and NY 28 in the village of Remsen. It was assigned in 1935 and removed in the mid-1960s, at which time most of the route became New York State Route 920V, an unsigned reference route. The alignment of NY 28B was originally part of legislative Route 26 and later Route 25 in the early 20th century.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: New York State Route 41 (NY 41) is a north–south state highway in Central New York in the United States. The southern terminus of the route is at an interchange with NY 17 in the town of Sanford. Its northern terminus is at an intersection with U.S. Route 20 (US 20) in the village of Skaneateles. The route is almost 100 mi long and passes through Broome, Chenango, Cortland, and Onondaga counties. NY 41 was assigned as part of the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York, replacing New York State Route 70 from Homer to Skaneateles. The route initially extended as far north as Jordan; however, NY 41 was cut back to its current northern terminus  1933 .\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: New York State Route 376 (NY 376) is a state highway located entirely within Dutchess County in the Hudson Valley region of New York in the United States. The route begins at an intersection with NY 52 in East Fishkill and passes north through Hopewell Junction and Red Oaks Mill on its way to the city of Poughkeepsie. It ends at a junction with U.S. Route 44 (US 44) and NY 55 east of the city limits in Arlington, a hamlet in the town of Poughkeepsie. NY 376 was originally designated as part of NY 39 in the mid-1920s. In the 1930 renumbering of state highways in New York, the East Fishkill–Poughkeepsie portion of NY 39 was renumbered to New York State Route 202. NY 202 was renumbered to NY 376 in 1934 to avoid numerical duplication with the new US 202.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Pennsylvania Route 434 (designated by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation as SR 0434) is a 12.47 mi state highway located in northeast Pennsylvania. The western terminus of the route is at Pennsylvania Route 739 in the Blooming Grove Township community of Lords Valley. The eastern terminus of the route is at the New York-Pennsylvania border in Shohola Township, where PA 434 crosses the Delaware River and enters New York, becoming New York State Route 55 at an intersection with New York State Route 97 in the town of Highland. State Route 434 used to be part of Pennsylvania Route 37 and Pennsylvania Route 137.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: New York State Route 75 (NY 75) is a north–south state highway in Erie County, New York, in the United States. It extends for 20.85 mi from an intersection with NY 39 in the Collins hamlet of Collins Center to an interchange with NY 5 in the town of Hamburg. The route passes through the village of Hamburg, which serves as the northern terminus of a 2 mi overlap between U.S. Route 62 (US 62) and NY 75. Past Hamburg, NY 75 connects to the New York State Thruway (Interstate 90 or I-90) northwest of the village before ending a short distance from Lake Erie. The portion of NY 75 south of Hamburg is a two-lane rural highway; in contrast, the section north of the village is four lanes wide and serves commercial and residential areas.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: New York State Route 27 (NY 27) is an east–west 120.58 mi long state highway extending from Interstate 278 (I-278) in the New York City borough of Brooklyn to Montauk Point State Park on Long Island, New York, in the United States. Its two most prominent components are Sunrise Highway and Montauk Highway, the latter of which includes the Montauk Point State Parkway. East of the interchange with the Heckscher State Parkway in Islip Terrace, NY 27 acts as the primary east–west highway on southern Long Island. The entire route in Suffolk, Nassau, and Queens counties was designated by the New York State Senate as the POW/MIA Memorial Highway. Every town on the South Shore is accessible through Sunrise Highway. The service roads that parallel the highway from Farmingdale to Brookhaven are officially designated, but not signed, as New York State Route 906C and New York State Route 906D.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Yonkers Avenue is an east–west street in the city of Yonkers in Westchester County, New York, in the United States. It is one of four major east–west through routes in the city. The western terminus of the street is at Nepperhan Avenue, which connects to U.S. Route 9 (US 9) and New York State Route 9A (NY 9A). Its eastern terminus is at Bronx River Road near the Bronx River Parkway. The entirety of Yonkers Avenue is maintained by the New York State Department of Transportation as New York State Route 983C from Nepperhan Avenue to the Saw Mill River Parkway and New York State Route 984E from the Saw Mill Parkway to Bronx River Road. Both are unsigned reference route designations.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: U.S. Route 44 (US 44) in the state of New York is a major east–west thoroughfare in the Hudson Valley region of the state. Its entire 65.98 mi length is maintained by the New York State Department of Transportation (NYSDOT), with the exception of the Mid-Hudson Bridge, which is maintained by the New York State Bridge Authority. The portion of the route in New York begins at an intersection with US 209 and New York State Route 55 (NY 55) near the hamlet of Kerhonkson and ends at the Connecticut state line near the village of Millerton. The road passes through rural parts of Ulster and Dutchess counties before crossing into Litchfield County, Connecticut." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Cyril Collard (] ; 19 December 1957, Paris − 5 March 1993, Paris) was a French author, filmmaker, composer, musician and actor. He is known for his unapologetic portrayals of bisexuality and HIV in art, particularly his autobiographical novel and film \"Les Nuits Fauves\" (\"Savage Nights\"). Openly bisexual, Collard was also one of the first French artists to speak openly about his HIV-positive status.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: \"Les Nuits Sans Kim Wilde\" is a single by Laurent Voulzy about British singer Kim Wilde. It was released in France as a single in 1985 after Wilde herself agreed to sing backing vocals on it. In Germany the song was used as the B-side to \"Belle-Ile-en-Mer Marie-Galante\" (the French B-side to \"Les Nuits Sans Kim Wilde\").\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Agoria (born Sébastien Devaud, January 16, 1976) is a French electronic record producer, composer and DJ. He made four albums including the soundtrack to the movie \"Go Fast\". He is one of the founders of the record label InFiné. Since he is attached to the city of Lyon, he also took part in the creation of the French indie and electronic music festival Les Nuits Sonores.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Savage Nights (French: Les Nuits Fauves ) is a 1992 French drama film directed and written by Cyril Collard. It stars Collard, Romane Bohringer and Carlos López. The film is an adaptation of Collard's semi-autobiographical novel \"Les Nuits Fauves,\" published in 1989. It won four César Awards including Best Film.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Les nuits d'été (\"Summer Nights\"), Op. 7, is a song cycle by the French composer Hector Berlioz. It is a setting of six poems by Théophile Gautier. The cycle, completed in 1841, was originally for soloist and piano accompaniment. Berlioz orchestrated one of the songs in 1843, and did the same for the other five in 1856. The cycle was neglected for many years, but during the 20th century it became, and has remained, one of the composer's most popular works. The full orchestral version is more frequently performed in concert and on record than the piano original. The theme of the work is the progress of love, from youthful innocence to loss and finally renewal.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Nights in Port Said (French: Les nuits de Port Said) is a 1932 French film directed by Leo Mittler and starring Renée Héribel, Gustav Diessl and Oskar Homolka.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The University of Michigan Athletic Hall of Honor, founded in 1978, recognizes University of Michigan athletes, coaches, and administrators who have made significant contributions to the university's athletic programs. To qualify for induction into the Hall of Honor, an individual must have been an All-American, set an NCAA, U.S., or world record, won an NCAA title, or made significant contributions to the university's athletic department as a coach or administrator. The nomination and selection process is conducted by the Letterwinners M Club executive board.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Rémy Ranguin better known by his stage name Colonel Reyel (born 5 October 1984) is a French dancehall, R&B and electro music artist. His 2011 album \"Au Rapport\" reached the top of the French Albums Chart and two singles from the album, \"Celui...\" and \"Toutes les nuits\" topped the French Singles Chart in two consecutive weeks in February–March 2011. In June 2011, \"Au Rapport\" went platinum. He is of Guadeloupe origin." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Christian Klees (born 24 June 1968 in Eutin) is a German former sport shooter, the only shooter since the 1989 target change to have achieved the maximum score (600) in the 50 metre rifle prone event at the Olympic Games. He did this in at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, Georgia. His excellent final of 104.8 (out of maximal 109.0) also gave him the gold medal, as well as an aggregate result that is still as of 2009 the world record. Klees left the international shooting scene after the 2001 season.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Bowling refers to a series of sports or leisure activities in which a player rolls or throws a bowling ball towards a target. It is one of the major forms of throwing sports. In pin bowling variations, the target is usually to knock over pins at the end of a lane. When all the pins are knocked down on the first roll, this is a strike. If you get 10 strikes in a row you can score a 300. This is the maximum score for the sport. In target variations, the aim is usually to get the ball as close to a mark as possible. The pin version of bowling is often played on a flat wooden or other synthetic surface (which can be oiled in different patterns for different techniques), while in target bowling, the surface may be grass, gravel or a synthetic surface. The most common types of pin bowling include ten-pin, nine-pin, candlepin, duckpin and five-pin bowling, while in target bowling, bowls, skittles, kegel, bocce, carpet bowls, pétanque, and boules, both indoor and outdoor varieties are popular. Today the sport of bowling is played by 100 million people in more than 90 countries worldwide (including 70 million in the United States), and continues to grow through entertainment media such as video games for home consoles and handheld devices.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Paralympic shooting, also known as shooting Para sport, is an adaptation of shooting sports for competitors with disabilities. Shooting is a test of accuracy and control, in which competitors use pistols or rifles to fire a series of shots at a stationary target. Each shot is worth a maximum score of 10 or a decimal value of 10.9 points. Athletes use .22 caliber rifles, pistols and .177 caliber air guns (compressed air or pneumatic). Paralympic shooting first appeared in the Summer Paralympics at the 1976 Toronto Games.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Raymond \"Ray\" Wilson (born 12 March 1947 in Merton, Surrey, England) is a former international speedway rider who was World Pairs Champion in 1972 and British Speedway Champion in 1973, was also England Team Captain for five years in the early 1970s. He was the first Englishman to record a maximum score in a World Team Cup Final. His father Ron Wilson, was also a speedway rider for Leicester and Oxford in the early 1950s.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Stevan Pletikosić () (born 14 March 1972 in Kragujevac, Serbia, then SFR Yugoslavia) is a sport shooter from Serbia. While still a junior, he won a bronze medal in Men's 50 m Rifle Prone in the 1992 Summer Olympics. The year before, at the 1991 ISSF World Cup in the same event, he had become the only junior ever to achieve the maximum score of 600 in a world-class competition.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: 2B was a Portuguese band formed by Luciana Abreu and Rui Drumond. It represented Portugal in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005 in Kiev with the song \"Amar\" (To love). The duo was formed exclusively to represent Portugal in the Eurovision Song Contest (2005). The bilingual song (Portuguese and English) was eliminated in the semifinal, having scored higher than the song of the previous year, obtaining the maximum score (12 points) from all the countries of strong Portuguese emigration (Germany, France, Switzerland, etc.). The song was quite popular in Australia . Both members said that the duo would soon disappear after the contest and that they would go on to have their separate musical careers.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Hysterics is the debut album by Rolo Tomassi recorded in spring 2008 and released on 22 September 2008. The album is Rolo Tomassi's first release on Hassle Records and features all new tracks. The album received an exclusive first review from Thrash Hits, who awarded the album a maximum score. The band recorded a video for the song \"I Love Turbulence\" on 15 September.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Advanced Placement Chinese Language and Culture (commonly known as AP Chinese Language and Culture or AP Chinese) is a course offered by the College Board as a part of the Advanced Placement Program in the United States. It requires proficiencies throughout the Intermediate range as described in the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL) Proficiency Guidelines. The course interweaves language and culture learning and is conducted mostly in Chinese. The first AP Chinese test was administered on May 9, 2007. Many native Chinese speakers take the exam, leading to an overwhelming majority obtaining the maximum score.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Take It Easy is an abstract strategy board game created by Peter Burley. It can be characterized as a spatial bingo-like game, and has been published by Ravensburger and subsequently by several other publishers since 1983. Each player gets a board with places for 19 hexagon tiles to place in a hexagon shape. Additionally, players get identical sets of tiles which have different types of colored/numbered lines crossing in three directions. One player draws a tile randomly and then tells the others which he drew. Each player then puts their matching tile on their board in any available spot. This is repeated until the board is filled. The object is to complete same colored/numbered lines across your board, for which points are scored according to the numbers on those lines. The maximum score possible is 307." ]

[ "Passage 9" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering fluid dynamics. It was established in 1987 and is published by the China Aerodynamics Research Society. The editor-in-chief is Jialing Le. The journal publishes articles in Chinese and English.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Fluid Dynamics Research is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all fields of fluid dynamics. It is published by IOP Publishing on behalf of the Japan Society of Fluid Mechanics. The editor-in-chief is Yasuhide Fukumoto (Kyushu University). According to the \"Journal Citation Reports\", the journal has a 2014 impact factor of 0.990.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Flow, Turbulence and Combustion is a peer-reviewed scientific journal on fluid mechanics. It covers original research on fluid mechanics and combustion, with the areas of interest including industrial, geophysical, and environmental applications. The journal was established in 1949 under the name Applied Scientific Research. It obtained its present name in 1998, which also reflects its association with the European Research Community on Flow, Turbulence and Combustion (ERCOFTAC).\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Fluid mechanics is a branch of physics concerned with the mechanics of fluids (liquids, gases, and plasmas) and the forces on them. Fluid mechanics has a wide range of applications, including mechanical engineering, civil engineering, chemical engineering, biomedical engineering, geophysics, astrophysics, and biology. Fluid mechanics can be divided into fluid statics, the study of fluids at rest; and fluid dynamics, the study of the effect of forces on fluid motion. It is a branch of continuum mechanics, a subject which models matter without using the information that it is made out of atoms; that is, it models matter from a \"macroscopic\" viewpoint rather than from \"microscopic\". Fluid mechanics, especially fluid dynamics, is an active field of research with many problems that are partly or wholly unsolved. Fluid mechanics can be mathematically complex, and can best be solved by numerical methods, typically using computers. A modern discipline, called computational fluid dynamics (CFD), is devoted to this approach to solving fluid mechanics problems. Particle image velocimetry, an experimental method for visualizing and analyzing fluid flow, also takes advantage of the highly visual nature of fluid flow.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The International Journal of Multiphase Flow is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering fluid mechanics. The editor-in-chief is Andrea Prosperetti (Johns Hopkins University). The founding editor was Gad Hetsroni (Technion – Israel Institute of Technology).\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Physik (English: \"Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics\") is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Birkhäuser Verlag. The editor-in-chief is Kaspar Nipp (ETH Zurich). It was established in 1950 and covers the fields of fluid mechanics, solid mechanics, differential equations/applied mathematics, and related topics. According to the \"Journal Citation Reports\", the journal has a 2012 impact factor of 0.938.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on fluid mechanics. It is published once a year by Annual Reviews and the editors-in-chief are Stephen H. Davis (Northwestern University) and Parviz Moin (Stanford University). According to the \"Journal Citation Reports\", the journal has a 2014 impact factor of 11.163, ranking it 1st out of 139 journals in the category \"Mechanics\" and 1st out of 31 journals in \"Physics, Fluids and Plasmas\".\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Gianni Pedrizzetti (7 September 1963 in Prato, Italy) is an Italian engineer who is a professor in fluid mechanics at the University of Trieste. His research is the application of fluid mechanics to improve cardiovascular sciences. He introduced optical flow techniques for the benefit of obtaining dynamic information from medical images, with the goal of improving heart diseases diagnostics. Pedrizzetti has published over 60 articles on peer-reviewed international journals, and is co-inventor of several patented solutions in the field of medical imaging and medical data processing. He is an author of a monograph which relates basic theoretical principles in bioengineering and fluid mechanics to the cardiovascular problems and medical solutions. He represents a purely interdisciplinary scientists bridging theoretical, experimental and numerical analysis to actual applications in clinical cardiology." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Matthew \"Matt\" Tuck (born 20 January 1980) is a Welsh musician. He is the lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist in the Welsh heavy metal band Bullet for My Valentine. He and the other 3 members of his old band founded \"Jeff Killed John\" in 1998, but after bassist Nick Crandle left in 2003, the band was renamed to Bullet for My Valentine. He is also a singer and guitarist in the supergroup AxeWound, which was formed in 2012. He also plays piano, drums, keyboard, and harmonica. He did a collaboration with Max Cavalera (Soulfly, Cavalera Conspiracy, ex-Sepultura) and with Apocalyptica in the song \"Repressed\".\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Lynch The Weirdo is the title of the second full-length album by the metal band Bad Acid Trip, released on April 20, 2004. It was produced by System of a Down member Daron Malakian.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Steal This Album! is the third studio album by Armenian American rock band System of a Down, released on November 26, 2002, on American Recordings. The album was produced by Rick Rubin and Daron Malakian, and reached #15 in the \"Billboard\" Top 200.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Scars on Broadway is the only studio album by Scars on Broadway, a band consisting of System of a Down members Daron Malakian and John Dolmayan. The album contains fifteen tracks, all written by Malakian.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: \"Lonely Day\" is the second single from the 2005 album \"Hypnotize\" by Armenian American metal band System of a Down. It was written by guitarist Daron Malakian, who also provides lead vocals on the track. The song received a nomination for Best Hard Rock Performance at the 49th Annual Grammy Awards.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Daron Vartan Malakian (Armenian: Տարօն/Տարոն Վարդան Մալաքեան, born July 18, 1975) is an Armenian–American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, and record producer. He is best known as the guitarist, songwriter and second vocalist of the rock band System of a Down and as the lead vocalist, lead guitarist and songwriter of the band Scars on Broadway. Like the rest of the Hollywood-based band System of a Down, he is of Armenian ancestry, but he is the only member to have been born in the United States. Daron Malakian is known for his distinctive playing and is ranked 40th in Loudwire's list of \"Top 50 Hard Rock + Metal Guitarists Of All Time\" and #11 in MusicRadar's poll, \"The 20 Greatest Metal Guitarists Ever\". He is placed 30th in Guitar World's List of The 100 Greatest Heavy Metal Guitarists of All Time.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Vartan Malakian (Armenian: Վարդան Մալաքյան, born February 14, 1947) is an artist and painter. He is the father of Daron Malakian, guitarist co-founder of System of a Down and Scars on Broadway. He was born on February 14, 1947 in Mosul, Iraq.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: \"Rebellion\" is a song by American rock band Linkin Park. The song was originally recorded by the band for their sixth studio album, \"The Hunting Party\", where it appears as the eighth track on the album. The song features Armenian-American multi-instrumentalist Daron Malakian from rock band System of a Down, who plays additional guitar on the track. The track was released as second promotional single from \"The Hunting Party\" on June 4, 2014 and was later released as the fourth official single from the album on October 13, 2014, and was included on American rock radio.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Scars on Broadway was an American rock band, founded by System of a Down member Daron Malakian. The band's eponymous debut album was released on July 29, 2008.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: System of a Down, sometimes shortened to System and abbreviated as SOAD, is an Armenian-American heavy metal band from Glendale, California, formed in 1994. The band currently consists of Serj Tankian (lead vocals, keyboards), Daron Malakian (vocals, guitar), Shavo Odadjian (bass, backing vocals) and John Dolmayan (drums)." ]

[ "Passage 6", "Passage 1" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Viburnum dilatatum, commonly known as linden arrowwood or linden viburnum, is a deciduous perennial shrub in the family Caprifoliaceae or under some taxonomic concepts in the Adoxaceae family. It is native to Eastern Asia and can be found as an introduced plant in the mid-Atlantic regions in the U.S from New York to Virginia. \"Viburnum dilatatum\" may be an incipient invasive species in some regions of the United States. \"Viburnum dilatatum\" can be found growing in fertile soil with a pH of 7 to slightly acidic levels. Linden arrowwood is known for the clusters of red drupes it produces when it is mature.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Viburnum davidii (common name David viburnum) is a species of flowering plant in the family Adoxaceae native to western China. Growing to 1.5 m tall and broad, it is an evergreen shrub with large, glossy, oval leaves up to 15 cm long. Round clusters of tiny white flowers are produced in late spring, followed in late summer and autumn by oval blue fruits. Both male and female plants are required to produce fruit.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Viburnum ellipticum, the common viburnum or oval-leaved viburnum, is a species of shrub in family Adoxaceae. It is native to the western United States from Washington to central California, where it occurs in forests and mountain chaparral habitat. The shrub has deciduous leaves with oval or rounded blades 2 to 6 centimeters long. The leaf blade usually has three main longitudinal veins and a shallowly toothed edge. The inflorescence is a flat-topped cyme of many white flowers each 6 to 8 millimeters wide with five whiskery white stamens. The fruit is a drupe about a centimeter long.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Smyrnium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae, the umbellifers.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Viburnum nudum is a plant in the genus \"Viburnum\" within the muskroot family, Adoxaceae. (It was formerly part of Caprifoliaceae, the honeysuckle family).\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Smyrnium olusatrum, common name Alexanders, is a cultivated flowering plant, belonging to the family Apiaceae (or Umbelliferae). It is also known as alisanders, horse parsley, and smyrnium. It was known to Theophrastus (9.1) and Pliny the Elder (\"N.H. 19.48).\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Viburnum cinnamomifolium (common name cinnamon-leaved viburnum) is a species of flowering plant in the family Adoxaceae, native to western China. Growing to 5 m tall and broad, it is a substantial evergreen shrub with large, triple-veined, glossy, oval leaves up to 15 cm long. Round clusters of tiny white flowers are produced in late spring, followed in late summer and autumn by oval black fruits.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Viburnum furcatum (common names forked viburnum and scarlet leaved viburnum) is a species of flowering plant in the family Adoxaceae (formerly Caprifoliaceae). Growing to 4 m tall and broad, it is a substantial deciduous shrub with rounded oval bronze-green leaves, turning red in autumn. Scented white flower-heads resembling those of lacecap hydrangeas are borne in summer, followed by black fruits.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Viburnum setigerum (tea viburnum) is a plant in the family Adoxaceae that is native to China." ]

[ "Passage 4" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The discography of British-Irish musician Chris de Burgh consists of 21 studio albums, 9 compilation albums, 5 live albums and 59 singles, along with 8 videos and DVDs and one box set. His 21 studio albums consist of 17 of completely new material, 2 albums of cover versions, 1 album featuring a mix of new songs, cover versions and re-recordings and 1 consisting of acoustic versions of previously released tracks. His debut album, \"Far Beyond These Castle Walls\", released in 1974, was number 1 in the Brazilian charts, but failed to chart in any other countries.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Sweet Lights is an indie rock project founded by principal songwriter, Shai Halperin. Based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Halperin had previously released 2 albums of solo work and 2 albums and an EP with a full band under the name The Capitol Years.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The Ophelias were a psychedelic rock band led by singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist Leslie Medford. Medford formed the band in San Francisco in October 1984 and disbanded the quartet in September 1989. The band was signed twice, first by Strange Weekend Records for one album, then by Rough Trade Records, for whom they produced 2 albums and an EP.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Claus Leßmann (born 11 September 1960) was the lead singer of the German heavy metal band, Bonfire. He was the only member and the only singer of Bonfire to have appeared on all of the band's albums. Leßmann was also one of the two original members of the band until January 2015, the other being lead guitarist Hans Ziller. Before joining Bonfire in 1978, he was in the bands Ginger and Sunset. He is currently the vocalist for Phantom 5. Phantom 5 has released 2 albums.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Jamie James (born August 4, 1953 in Toronto, Ontario) is a Canadian guitarist, singer and songwriter, best known for his roles in DQ And The Sharks and Steppenwolf. He was also lead singer and founding member of RSO recording trio The Kingbees. The Kingbees recorded 2 albums with David J. Holman producing on RSO. The first, titled \"The Kingbees\", (released March, 1980) received much critical acclaim and regional success with the James-penned hit \"My Mistake\". The second album, titled \"The Big Rock\", was released in March 1981 and also spawned national touring, a performance on Dick Clark's American Bandstand and a cameo role in the movie \"The Idolmaker\". Shortly thereafter the band split up. In 1983 James released a solo EP with Vanity Records titled \"The Big One\". In the late 1980s, James hooked up with noted actor Harry Dean Stanton to form a unique musical ensemble which performed until the year 2000. In 2000 James went on to form the rock and roll band \"DQ and The Sharks\" featuring actor/musician Dennis Quaid. In 1993 James had also released a solo LP on Schoolkids Records titled \"Cruel World\". In 2000 he released his latest solo LP on Oglio Records, titled \"Crossroads\". Oglio also released a two-album CD issue of the Kingbees first and second LPs. James resides in Los Angeles, where he just formed a new record label with friend and business partner Fred Wehba. We Jam Music was created by James and Wehba to produce and release new albums including James' newest release Love Attack.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Aiko Kayō (嘉陽 愛子 , Kayō Aiko , born December 11, 1985) is a Japanese idol, singer, and actress. She has released 12 singles and 2 albums on the Avex Trax label in Japan. She has also performed with the musical units Kingyo (金魚 ) and A Girls.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Max Boublil (born Maximilien Léon Boublil; 17 May 1979) is a French actor, singer and comedian. He has released 2 albums.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The Capitol Years is an indie rock band founded by principal songwriter, Shai Halperin, (aka Shai, Son of Eli). Based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Halperin has released 2 albums of solo work as \"The Capitol Years\" as well as 2 albums and an EP with a full band. 2010 saw a return to solo recording under the name Sweet Lights." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Ram-Avtar is a 1988 movie starting Sunny Deol, Anil Kapoor, Sridevi and Shakti Kapoor. It was directed by Sunil Hingorani, written by Khalid, and produced by Sunil Hingorani. It is a remake of the Vyjayanthimala, Raj Kapoor and Rajendra Kumar starrer \"Sangam\" (1964).\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: John Q. is a 2002 American crime film starring Denzel Washington and directed by Nick Cassavetes. The film tells the story of John Quincy Archibald (Denzel Washington), a father and husband whose son is diagnosed with an enlarged heart and finds out he is unable to receive a transplant because HMO insurance will not cover it, before he decides to hold up the hospital and force them to do it.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Ross Aaron Malinger (born July 7, 1984) is an American actor and business manager. He is best known for his roles as Jonah Baldwin in the 1993 movie \"Sleepless in Seattle\", starring Tom Hanks and as Bobby Jameson in the 1997 Disney comedy film \"Toothless\", starring Kirstie Alley. He and Kirstie Alley both co-starred in the 1995 film \"Peter and the Wolf\". He played Adam Lippman, the Bar Mitzvah boy who liked Elaine's \"Shiksa appeal\", in the \"Seinfeld\" episode \"The Serenity Now\".\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Dès Demain (] ; English: \"As of tomorrow\", \"Starting tomorrow\"), stylized as ¡Dès Demain! , is a social democratic political movement in France founded on none }} by Anne Hidalgo, Christiane Taubira and Martine Aubry.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Philadelphia is a 1993 American drama film and one of the first mainstream Hollywood films to acknowledge HIV/AIDS, homosexuality, and homophobia. It was written by Ron Nyswaner, directed by Jonathan Demme and stars Tom Hanks and Denzel Washington.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: 2 Guns is a 2013 American action comedy film directed by Baltasar Kormákur. The film stars Denzel Washington and Mark Wahlberg. Based on a comic book series of the same name created by Steven Grant and Mateus Santolouco, published in 2007 by Boom! Studios. The film was released in the United States on August 2, 2013, and was met with mixed reviews from critics. It marks Denzel Washington's first American comedy film since 1996 Christmas comedy film \"The Preacher's Wife\".\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: \"Streets of Philadelphia\" is a song written and performed by American rock musician Bruce Springsteen for the film \"Philadelphia\" (1993), an early mainstream film dealing with HIV/AIDS. Released as a single in 1994, the song was a hit in many countries, particularly Canada, France, Germany, Ireland and Norway, where it topped the singles charts.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Courage Under Fire is a 1996 American war film directed by Edward Zwick, and starring Denzel Washington and Meg Ryan. It is the second collaboration between Denzel Washington and director Edward Zwick. The film was released in the United States on July 12, 1996.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Ek Ajnabee – A Man Apart (English: \"A Stranger\") is Bollywood action-thriller film, remake of Tony Scott's 2004 film \"Man on Fire\", a film based on a novel; this novel was adapted into another film in 1987. The film \"Ek Ajnabee\" is directed by Apoorva Lakhia, with Amitabh Bachchan playing Denzel Washington's role. Co-starring are Arjun Rampal and Perizaad Zorabian. This movie was the last release for actor Amitabh Bachchan in the year 2005, who had 5 back to back hit films in a row. This movie was the only average grosser.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: Astha Raut (Nepali: आस्था राउत ) is singer-songwriter from Nepal. Her first Hit song is a remix song \"Saal Ko Paata Tapari (सालकाे पात तपरी)\" song of her \"Addiction 2\" album. She received the Hits FM music Best Female Pop Vocal Award in 2014. Her second Hit song is from the movie Maya's Bar and it's the title track \"Maya yo Maya (माया याे माया)\" Movie \"(movie) Maya's Bar\" movie. Her latest hit song \"Chaubandi ma Patuki and \"Jhumke Bulaki\" from her album \"Aadhar\" released 17th Aasad 2070. she has sung many playback songs on Nepali movies, different collection albums and lately came up with her own album Aadhar which Became a Big Hit." ]

[ "Passage 7", "Passage 5" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The point of total assumption (PTA) is a point on the cost line of the profit-cost curve determined by the contract elements associated with a fixed price plus incentive-Firm Target (FPI) contract above which the seller effectively bears all the costs of a cost overrun. The seller bears all of the cost risk at PTA and beyond, due to a dollar for dollar decrease in profit beyond the costs at the PTA. In addition, once the costs on an FPI contract reach PTA, the maximum amount the buyer will pay is the ceiling price. Note, however, that between the cost at PTA and when the cost equals the ceiling price, the seller is still in a profitable position; only after costs exceed the ceiling price is the seller in a loss position.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: As is is a legal term used to disclaim some implied warranties for an item being sold. Certain types of implied warranties must be specifically disclaimed, such as the implied warranty of title. \"As is\" denotes that the seller is selling, and the buyer is buying an item in whatever condition it presently exists, and that the buyer is accepting the item \"with all faults\", whether or not immediately apparent. This is the classic \"buyer beware\" situation, where the careful buyer should take the time to examine the item before accepting it, or obtain expert advice.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Murabaḥah, murabaḥa or murâbaḥah (Arabic: مرابحة‎ ‎ , derived from \"ribh\" Arabic: ربح‎ ‎ , meaning profit) is a term of \"fiqh\" (Islamic jurisprudence) for a sales contract where the buyer and seller agree on the markup (profit) or \"cost-plus\" price for the item(s) being sold. In recent decades it has become a term for a very common form of Islamic (i.e. \"shariah compliant\") financing, where the price is marked-up in exchange for allowing the buyer to defer payment (a contract with deferred payment being known as \"bai-muajjal\"). \"Murabaha\" financing is similar to a rent-to-own arrangement in the non-Muslim world, with the intermediary (i.e. the lending bank) retaining ownership of the item being sold until the loan is paid in full. There are also Islamic investment funds and sukuk (Islamic bonds) that use \"murabahah\" contracts.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Markup is the ratio between the cost of a good or service and its selling price. It is expressed as a percentage over the cost. A markup is added onto the total cost incurred by the producer of a good or service in order to cover the costs of doing business and create a profit. The total cost reflects the total amount of both fixed and variable expenses to produce and distribute a product. Markup can be expressed as a fixed amount or as a percentage of the total cost or selling price. Retail markup is commonly calculated as the difference between wholesale price and retail price, as a percentage of wholesale. Other methods are also used.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: A call option, often simply labeled a \"call\", is a financial contract between two parties, the buyer and the seller of this type of option. The buyer of the call option has the \"right, but not the obligation\", to buy an agreed quantity of a particular commodity or financial instrument (the underlying) from the seller of the option at a certain time (the expiration date) for a certain price (the strike price). The seller (or \"writer\") is obligated to sell the commodity or financial instrument to the buyer if the buyer so decides. The buyer pays a fee (called a premium) for this right. The term \"call\" comes from the fact that the owner has the right to \"call the stock away\" from the seller.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The Incoterms rules or International Commercial Terms are a series of pre-defined commercial terms published by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) relating to international commercial law. They are widely used in International commercial transactions or procurement processes as the use in international sales is encouraged by trade councils, courts and international lawyers. A series of three-letter trade terms related to common contractual sales practices, the Incoterms rules are intended primarily to clearly communicate the tasks, costs, and risks associated with the transportation and delivery of goods. Incoterms inform sales contract defining respective obligations, costs, and risks involved in the delivery of goods from the seller to the buyer. However, it does not constitute contract or govern law. Also it does not define where titles transfer and does not address the price payable, currency or credit items.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: In commodities transactions, formula pricing is an arrangement where a buyer and seller agree in advance on the price to be paid for a product delivered in the future, based upon a pre-determined calculation. For example, a packer might agree to pay a hog producer the average cash market price on the day the hogs will be delivered, plus a 2-cent per-pound premium.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: In business or commerce, an order is a stated intention, either spoken or written, to engage in a commercial transaction for specific products or services. From a buyer's point of view it expresses the intention to buy and is called a purchase order. From a seller's point of view it expresses the intention to sell and is referred to as a sales order. When the purchase order of the buyer and the sales order of the seller agree, the orders become a contract between the buyer and seller.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Lost volume seller is a legal term in the law of contracts. Such a seller is a special case in contract law. Ordinarily, a seller whose buyer breaches a contract and refuses to purchase the goods can recover from the breaching buyer only the difference between the contract price and the price for which the seller ultimately sells the goods to another buyer (plus, under some circumstances, incidental damages).\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: A land contract — often described by other terminology listed below — is a contract between the buyer and seller of real property in which the seller provides the buyer financing in the purchase, and the buyer repays the resulting loan in installments. Under a land contract, the seller retains the legal title to the property, while permitting the buyer to take possession of it for most purposes other than legal ownership. The sale price is typically paid in periodic installments, often with a balloon payment at the end to make the timelength of payments shorter than in the corresponding fully amortized loan (i.e., a loan without a final balloon payment). When the full purchase price has been paid including any interest, the seller is obligated to convey (to the buyer) legal title to the property. An initial down payment from the buyer to the seller is usually also required." ]

[ "Passage 4", "Passage 3" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The Big Four Bridge is a six-span former railroad truss bridge that crosses the Ohio River, connecting Louisville, Kentucky, and Jeffersonville, Indiana. It was completed in 1895, and updated in 1929. The largest single span is 547 ft , with the entire bridge spanning 2525 ft . It took its name from the defunct Cleveland, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railway, which was nicknamed the \"Big Four Railroad\". It is now a converted pedestrian and bicycle bridge from Louisville into Jeffersonville, Indiana.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The Ohio River Bridges Project is an ongoing Louisville metropolitan area transportation project involving the reconstruction of the Kennedy Interchange (locally known as \"Spaghetti Junction\"), the completion of two new Ohio River bridges and the reconstruction of ramps on Interstate 65 between Muhammad Ali Boulevard and downtown.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Simeon Willis Memorial Bridge is a bridge constructed in 1985 over the Ohio River connecting Winchester Ave. (US 23) and 13th St. (US 60) at Ashland, Kentucky to US 52 at Coal Grove, Ohio. It is named for Kentucky Governor Simeon S. Willis. The bridge was planned, at one point, to cross at 45th St. and connect to a proposed Ashland bypass. The Willis bridge, however, was built one block from the existing Ben Williamson Memorial Bridge and generally carries only Ohio-bound traffic. Southbound traffic, which is normally carried on the Williamson Bridge, was diverted to the Willis Bridge in early 2007 so that the Williamson Bridge could be repaired and painted. The Williamson Bridge was also closed briefly and traffic again diverted to the Willis Bridge in the summer of 2013 after a tractor-trailer ran into the tower on the Ohio side.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The Carquinez Bridge refers to parallel bridges spanning the Carquinez Strait, forming part of Interstate 80 between Crockett and Vallejo, in the U.S. state of California. The name originally referred to a single cantilever bridge built in 1927, helping to form a direct route between San Francisco and Sacramento. A second parallel cantilever bridge was completed in 1958 to deal with the increased traffic. Later, seismic problems of the 1927 span led to the construction and 2003 opening of a replacement: a suspension bridge officially called the Al Zampa Memorial Bridge (named in the memory of iron worker Al Zampa, who played an integral role in the construction of numerous San Francisco Bay Area bridges). Currently, the Alfred Zampa Memorial Bridge carries westbound traffic from Vallejo to Crockett, and the 1958 cantilever span carries eastbound traffic.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Abraham Lincoln Bridge is a six-lane, single-deck cable-stayed bridge carrying northbound Interstate 65 across the Ohio River, connecting Louisville, Kentucky and Jeffersonville, Indiana. The main span is 700 ft (two spans) and the bridge has a total length of 2100 ft . It is named after U.S. President Abraham Lincoln, who was born in Kentucky and grew up in Southern Indiana.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Interstate 71 (I-71) is a north-south (physically northeast-southwest) Interstate Highway in the Great Lakes/Midwestern and Southeastern region of the United States. Its southern terminus is at an interchange with Interstate 64 and Interstate 65 (the Kennedy Interchange) in Louisville, Kentucky. Its northern terminus is at an interchange with Interstate 90 in Cleveland, Ohio. I-71 runs concurrently with Interstate 75 from a point about 20 mi south of Cincinnati, Ohio into downtown Cincinnati. Almost three quarters of the route lies east of I-75, thereby putting it out of its proper place in the Interstate grid.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The Marquam Bridge is a double-deck, steel-truss cantilever bridge that carries Interstate 5 traffic across the Willamette River south of downtown Portland, Oregon. It is the busiest bridge in Oregon, carrying 135,900 vehicles a day as of 2008. The upper deck carries northbound traffic; the lower deck carries southbound traffic.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The Umatilla Bridge is the collective name for a pair of bridges in the northwest United States, carrying Interstate 82/U.S. Route 395 across the Columbia River at the Washington/Oregon border. The older bridge opened in 1955 and is a steel through truss cantilever bridge and carries southbound (east on I-82) traffic. Northbound traffic (west on I-82) travels on the newer concrete arch bridge, opened in 1988." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Baron Hayter, of Chislehurst in the County of Kent, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1927 for the businessman Sir George Chubb, 1st Baronet. He had already been created a baronet of Newlands in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom in 1900. Chubb was Chairman and Managing Director of the firm Chubb and Sons Lock and Safe Co Ltd, established by his grandfather Charles Chubb in the early 19th century. \"Hayter\" was the maiden name of George Hayter Chubb's mother, and was selected in preference to \"Chubb\", as it was not considered appropriate for names of corporations to be attributed to members of the House of Lords. He was succeeded by his son, the second baron. He was Managing Director of Chubb and Sons Lock and Safe Co Ltd. His son, the third baron, was Managing Director and Chairman of Chubb and Sons Lock and Safe Co Ltd and also served as Deputy Chairman of the House of Lords from 1981 to 1995. s of 2014 the titles are held by the latter's son, the fourth baron, who succeeded in 2003.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The Desert Inn Classic was a golf tournament on the LPGA Tour from 1971 to 1974. It was played at the Desert Inn Country Club in Las Vegas, Nevada.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Ashwani Lohani is IRSME officer, current Chairman of the Indian Railway Board and former Chairman & Managing Director of Air India. Holds a Limca Record for having four \"engineering degree equivalents\" in Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Metallurgical Engineering and Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering from Institution of Engineers, India; a place in the Guinness Book of World Records for successfully running the ‘Fairy Queen Express’, the world’s oldest working steam locomotive. Also served as DRM, Delhi Division; Director, National Rail Museum; Chief Administrative Officer, Rail Alternate Fuels; Commissioner and Managing Director of Madhya Pradesh Tourism Development Corporation and Chairman & Managing Director India Tourism Development Corporation.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Painted Desert Inn is a lodge complex in Petrified Forest National Park, in Navajo County, eastern Arizona. It is located off of Interstate 40 and historic U.S. Route 66, overlooking the Painted Desert.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Desert Inn, also known as the D.I., was a casino hotel on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise, Nevada, which operated from April 24, 1950, to August 28, 2000. Designed by architect Hugh Taylor and interior design by Jac Lessman, it was the fifth resort to open on the Strip. It was situated between Desert Inn Road and Sands Avenue.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Desert Fashion Plaza, formerly known as the Desert Inn Fashion Plaza before 1984, was an enclosed shopping mall located in Palm Springs, California. The mall was originally developed by Home Savings and Loan Association and sold the shopping center to Desert Plaza Partnership. In the early 1980s, Desert Plaza Partnership sold the property to DeBartolo Corporation which expanded and revamped the mall to accommodate more shops. Subsequently, sales declined prompting major retailers to close down business at the Desert Fashion Plaza. In 2002, John Wessman of Wessman Development bought the property and proposed a significant redevelopment on the whole site. Demolition began to take place in 2013, with plans to open a variety of shops, restaurants, and a six-story hotel.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Bill Mulrow (born January 26, 1956) is an American businessman, investment banker and government official. He is a Senior Managing Director at the Blackstone Group, an alternative asset manager. Previously, he was a Director of Global Capital Markets at Citigroup, Inc., a Managing Director of Paladin Capital Group, a Senior Vice President and Head of New Product Development at Gabelli Asset Management (now GAMCO Investors), a Managing Director in Corporate Finance for Rothschild Inc., and a Managing Director and Head of Public Finance Banking for Donaldson, Lufkin and Jenrette Securities Corporation.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Amanda Jean Thompson OBE is a British businessperson who is the managing director of Blackpool Pleasure Beach, president of Stageworks Worldwide Productions, director of Big Blue Hotel and director of the Grand Theatre, Blackpool. She rose to the position of managing director in 2004 after the death of her father, Geoffrey Thompson. She was also managing director of Pleasureland Southport from 2004 until its closure in 2006.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Mr. Udai Kumar is the Managing Director and CEO of the Metropolitan Stock Exchange of India Ltd (MSEI) since February 2016. MSEI is India’s youngest and one of the three stock exchanges recognized by country’s securities market regulator - Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). Mr. Kumar served as Interim Chief Executive Officer and Interim Managing Director of Metropolitan Stock Exchange of India Ltd. from 10 October 2015 to February 2016. He has also served as Managing Director of Metropolitan Clearing Corporation of India Ltd (MCCIL) (Formerly, MCX-SX Clearing Corporation Ltd (MCX-SXCCL). He also serves as a Director of Metropolitan Stock Exchange of India Ltd." ]

[ "Passage 5" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Michael Eric Hurst, ONZM (born 20 September 1957) is a New Zealand actor, director and writer, mostly on stage and television. He is probably best known internationally for playing Iolaus in the television programs \"\" and companion series \"\". Most recently, he is known for his role in directing the popular Starz series \"\" and \"Ash vs Evil Dead\".\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Evil Dead: Regeneration is an action hack and slash video game developed by Cranky Pants Games, published by THQ, and released for the Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 2, Xbox and Mobile. It is based on \"The Evil Dead\" series. It is unconnected to the previous video game \"\". The game takes place in an alternate reality from the original trilogy, depicting what would have happened if Ash did not get sent back in time at the end of the film \"Evil Dead II\".\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: APA (also known as Agency for the Performing Arts) is one of the largest diversified talent agencies in Los Angeles with headquarters in Beverly Hills, New York, Nashville and London. Founded in 1962 in New York by a group of former MCA agents, the company represents actors, writers, producers, showrunners, directors, performers, physical production services, film studios, and luxury and lifestyle brands across all media platforms worldwide. The agency also packages feature films, as well as television series such as \"24\", \"\", \"Ash vs Evil Dead\", \"Hell on Wheels\", \"Grimm\", \"The Librarians\", \"Scream\", \"Houdini & Doyle\", \"Home Improvement\" and \"Roseanne\".\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Joel Tobeck (born 2 June 1971 in Auckland, New Zealand) is an actor known for his roles in the television series \"Tangle\", \"The Doctor Blake Mysteries\", \"Xena Warrior Princess\", \"\", and \"Young Hercules\" and \"Sons of Anarchy\". In 2016 Tobeck began performing as the demon Baal on the show \"Ash vs Evil Dead\".\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Bruce Lorne Campbell (born June 22, 1958) is an American actor, producer, writer, comedian and director. One of his best-known roles is portraying Ash Williams in Sam Raimi's \"Evil Dead\" franchise, from the 1978 short film \"Within the Woods\" to the ongoing TV series \"Ash vs Evil Dead\". He has starred in many low-budget cult films such as \"Crimewave\" (1985), \"Maniac Cop\" (1988), \"\" (1989), and \"Bubba Ho-Tep\" (2002).\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Jill Marie Jones (born January 4, 1975) is an American actress and former professional dancer and cheerleader. Jones is best known for her role as Antoinette \"Toni\" Childs–Garrett on the UPN comedy series, \"Girlfriends\" (2000–2006). Jones has appeared in a number of films, and had the recurring role as Cynthia Irving on the Fox supernatural series, \"Sleepy Hollow\". From 2015 to 2016, she starred as Amanda Fisher in the Starz horror-comedy series, \"Ash vs Evil Dead\".\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Army of Darkness (also known as Bruce Campbell vs. Army of Darkness and Army of Darkness: The Medieval Dead on its UK theatrical release) is a 1992 American horror comedy film directed and co-written by Sam Raimi, co-produced by Robert Tapert and Bruce Campbell and co-written by Ivan Raimi. It stars Campbell and Embeth Davidtz. It is the third installment in the \"Evil Dead\" franchise, and continuing from \"Evil Dead II,\" Ash Williams (Campbell) is trapped in the Middle Ages and battles the undead in his quest to return to the present.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Evil Dead II (also known in publicity materials as Evil Dead 2: Dead by Dawn) is a 1987 American horror comedy film directed by Sam Raimi and a parody sequel to the 1981 horror film \"The Evil Dead\". The film was written by Raimi and Scott Spiegel, produced by Robert Tapert, and stars Bruce Campbell as Ash Williams." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Mailboat Records is an independent record label established in 1999 by American singer-songwriter Jimmy Buffett after his vanity label Margaritaville Records was absorbed by Island Records when they were sold to Universal Music Group, owner of Buffett's previous label MCA Records. Mailboat's first release was Buffett's \"\". In addition to Buffett, the label's roster includes Dan Fogelberg, Bret Michaels, Boz Scaggs, Def Leppard (North America only), Walter Becker, Jim Mayer, and , a compilation CD featuring Jimmy Buffett as Huckleberry Finn, Clint Eastwood as Mark Twain, and narration by Garrison Keillor. Other featured artists on the Twain project include Brad Paisley, Sheryl Crow, Emmylou Harris, Vince Gill, Ricky Skaggs, and Joe Diffie. The Twain project is a benefit for the Mark Twain Boyhood Home & Museum in Hannibal, Missouri.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: James Anthony Sullivan (August 13, 1940 – disappeared March 6, 1975) was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist who released two albums before he disappeared without a trace in New Mexico.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The discography of American singer-songwriter and guitarist John Mayer consists of seven studio albums, seven live albums, three compilation albums, two video albums, four extended plays, twenty-four singles and seventeen music videos. Born in Bridgeport, Connecticut, Mayer moved to Atlanta, Georgia and began playing in local clubs in 1998. He released the extended play \"Inside Wants Out\" in September of the following year. \"Inside Wants Out\", as well as continued performances, brought Mayer to the attention of independent record label Aware Records. Aware later signed Mayer and released his full-length debut studio album, \"Room for Squares\", in June 2001. When Columbia Records acquired Aware, the album was re-released in September and promoted as a major label release. Following its re-release, \"Room for Squares\" peaked at number eight on the United States \"Billboard\" 200. The album has since sold over four million copies in the United States, and was certified four times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Three singles were released from \"Room for Squares\", two of which became top 40 hits on the US \"Billboard\" Hot 100: \"No Such Thing\" and \"Your Body Is a Wonderland\". \" Heavier Things\", Mayer's second studio album, was released in September 2003. It topped the \"Billboard\" 200 and attained a double platinum certification from the RIAA. \"Heavier Things\" produced three singles: \"Bigger Than My Body\", \"Clarity\" and \"Daughters\". \"Daughters\" later won the award for Song of the Year at the 47th Grammy Awards.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Missing Link Records was an Australian-based independent record label established in 1977. The Missing Link label was created by Keith Glass (singer-guitarist ex-Cam-Pact) and David Pepperell (journalist and vocalist, ex-The Union) who were the owners of a Melbourne record store of the same name. The name was taken from a 1960s Australian rock band, The Missing Links. The label's initial releases were two retrospective 7-inch singles, \"The Ultimate Garage Band\" by The Union and \"Living in the 60's\" by Cam-Pact, both of which band from the 1960s that the owners had respectively performed with. Following a few more releases Pepperell departed and the label took on a new contemporary release program to reflect the punk-new wave movement of the late 1970s. According to rock music historian, Ian McFarlane, \"[it] was a cornerstone organisation on Melbourne's independent scene of the late 1970s\". The label became influential through the release of both Australian and overseas material, scoring a top 20 hit single with the local release of The Flying Lizards kitchen electronic version of \"Money\" (1979), when it was passed over by Festival Records.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The discography of American rapper Mystikal consists of five studio albums, one independent album, two compilation albums, twenty-five singles and fifteen music videos. In 1994, Mystikal released a self-titled album on the independent record label Big Boy. Following his signing to Jive Records in 1995, the album was re-released under the title \"Mind of Mystikal\" as his debut studio album. \"Mind of Mystikal\" peaked at number 103 on the US \"Billboard\" 200 and at number 13 on the US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. The album featured the single \"Y'all Ain't Ready Yet\", which peaked at number 41 on the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart. Mystikal's following two studio albums, \"Unpredictable\" and \"Ghetto Fabulous\", were both released on the record label No Limit Records; Jive distributed the albums rather than No Limit's parent label, Priority Records. Both peaked in the top five of the \"Billboard\" 200 and were later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Each of the albums featured one single, \"Ain't No Limit\" and \"That's the Nigga\", respectively. Both songs peaked in the top 65 of the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs chart.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Attic Records was a Canadian independent record label, founded in 1974 by Alexander Mair and Tom Williams. The label was known for developing Canadian talent, including Anvil, Lee Aaron, Maestro Fresh Wes, The Nylons, Teenage Head, and Triumph. The company was also active in distributing international acts not affiliated with a major label, most successfully with Jennifer Warnes, \"Weird Al\" Yankovic, Katrina and the Waves, and Creed.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Amos Records was an independent record label established in Los Angeles, California by Jimmy Bowen, in 1968. The label was located on 6565 Sunset Boulevard, and had an additional office branch in New York City. With Bowen producing most of Amos Records' music artists, the label released material from 1968 to 1971, and was best remembered for issuing an album by Longbranch Pennywhistle, which consisted of material from future contributors to of The Eagles. Other notable artists included Bing Crosby, Mel Carter, and The West Coast Pop Art Experimental Band.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The Hunger is an industrial rock band from Houston, Texas formed by brothers Jeff and Thomas Wilson along with Brian Albritton. During the initial year of putting the band together and working on new material the band wrote and independently released the single, \"Shock\" in 1991 which rose to the top of the dance charts. Industrial dance music ruled the charts in Europe along with strong ties to Chicago, Wax Trax Records, and Houston. Subsequent releases of \"Cut the Skin\" and \"Shoot to Kill\" gained national exposure on the dance charts and club scene. \"Never Again\" was self-released as a radio single and quickly rose to the top of Houston Radio Station's 93Q and 96.5 attracting the attention of independent record label Alpha International. Stephen Bogle produced the single of \"Never Again\". The band wrote and produced the album \"Leave Me Alone\" but due to the bankruptcy of Alpha International the record sat idle. It was released but there were no marketing efforts behind it. After the release of the album, the band sought out drummer Max Schuldberg and they played their first concert as a foursome opening for Peter Murphy at Southern Star Amphitheater. They played concerts in Texas as a foursome for two years. Along with the three founders and newest member Max Schuldberg, the band added producer Stephen Bogle as guitarist to complete the line up. The band recorded and produced \"Grip\" under their own start up label, Gut Records. \"Grip\" went on to sell 15,000 units with the help of a crafty rework of Bad Company's \"Feel like Makin Love\". Universal Records, at the time a brand new start up label, heard of the success of \"Grip\" and signed the band as their second artist ever. \"Devil Thumbs a Ride\", the 3rd album, had already been recorded and mastered and was about to be manufactured for another self-release when Universal stepped in to sign the band and release the album as-is. The Hunger had a hit song in 1996, \"Vanishing Cream\", from the \"Devil Thumbs a Ride\" CD, which received heavy airplay on rock stations and reached No. 4 on the Mainstream Rock charts. After two years of constant touring, the band finally stopped to record their second release with Universal Records, \"Cinematic Superthug\". After only moderate success with the single, \"Moderation\", the band asked to be and was granted a release from their contract from Universal Records. Two songs, \"Shoot to Kill\", also from \"Devil Thumbs a Ride\", and \"If\", from \"Grip\", reached No. 42 on Billboard's Dance/Club Play chart. The band has released six albums: two on Universal Records and four on independent labels. Former original drummer (1991-2003) Max Schuldberg (voted 2002's Best Drummer by the Houston Press Music Awards) parted with the band after the five albums in 2003 and moved to Los Angeles. Former guitarist and two time Grammy Award nominee (remixer, for his work with D.J. Cubanito) Stephen Bogle now Produces artists in the Metal, Electronic, and Pop genres. In late 2005 Stephen Bogle parted ways with the band, and Tim Huston was quickly picked up. With having only a few practices with the band they headed on tour with Ten Years. Tim Huston Stayed with the band from late '05 til 2013. \"The lifestyle was just getting to overwhelming for me to handle\". \"If I would have stayed, who knows what would have happened to me. There was just no off button\". In 2013, guitarist Raf Rivera joined the lineup, and the band is currently in the process of recording their first new material in over 8 years.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Origo Sound is a Norwegian independent record label formed in 1990 in Norway by Harald Lervik. The initiative to start the label was taken after Tormod Opedal, an employee in Lervik's software company, in 1989 had decided to close his own label Cicada which had released two albums by the Norwegian composer . Wøllo had a new album ready to be released, and Origo Sound was formed the year after, with two albums launched in the autumn 1990, of which one was the new Wøllo album." ]

[ "Passage 2" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Tagensvej is a major street in the northwestern part of inner Copenhagen, Denmark. It runs from Blegdamsvej on the border between Nørrebro and Østerbro in the southeast to Frederiksborgvej and Bispebjerg Cemetery in the northwest.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Home of Peace is a Jewish cemetery in Helena, Montana, founded in 1867 by the local Hebrew Benevolent Society (also referred to as the Hebrew Benevolent Association), which formed on December 9, 1866. The Society formally purchased the land in 1875. The Home of Peace Cemetery Association now maintains the grounds. It is the oldest active cemetery in Helena and the oldest active European ethno-religious cemetery in Montana. There are three major sections of land owned by the Association: the cemetery, undeveloped adjacent land, and land leased to the Helena School District since 1975. The portion leased by the school district is a practice football field for Capital High School and contains unmarked graves from the earliest days of the cemetery. The original wrought iron fence erected in 1867 still stands except on the north side and is in disrepair in places. A granite gateway erected in 1910 is at the main entrance. The east gate also has granite markers. There is a water tower, pump house, and landscaping shed. Twelve broken tombstones lie at the base of the water tower. The northwest corner has remained undeveloped and in its natural wild state. In 1910 cottonwood trees were planted along the driveway.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Frederiksberg Church (Danish: Frederiksberg Kirke) is the oldest church building in the Frederiksberg district of Copenhagen, Denmark. Completed in 1734, it is built to an unusual octagonal design in Baroque style. It is situated at Frederiksberg Runddel in front of the main entrance to Frederiksberg Gardens, on the corner of Frederiksberg Allé and Pile Allé,\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The Plounéour-Ménez Parish close (Enclos paroissial) is located at Plounéour-Ménez in the arrondissement of Morlaix In Brittany in north-western France. The church Église Saint Yves was built in 1651 and there is evidence that it replaced an earlier and older church. The church and the \"arc de triomphe\" were listed in 1925. The church at Plounéour-Ménez is dedicated to Saint Yves. Initially the enclos, constructed in granite, comprised the church itself, the cemetery situated around the church, an ossuary, a calvary positioned in the cemetery and a surrounding wall with several entrances, of which the main entrance is in the \"Arc de Triomphe\" style; the classic \"enclos paroissial\" in fact, but in time the cemetery was moved elsewhere and the ossuary destroyed. The church has nine transepts with large panelled aisles. The bell tower has no gallery and the clocheton on the spire was hit by lightning in 1847 and destroyed. The pulpit dates to the 17th Century and is richly decorated with carvings depicting the four evangelists and their attributes: an angel for Saint Matthew, a lion for Saint Mark, a bull for Saint Luke and an eagle for Saint John. Other carvings depict Abraham's sacrifice (Binding of Isaac), the Pascal lamb, the Last supper and Saint Peter's denial.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Grove Hill Cemetery is a historic cemetery at 290 Main Street in Waltham, Massachusetts. Established in 1703, the cemetery was Waltham's only cemetery until 1857, when Mount Feake Cemetery opened. It was authorized in 1703, but its initial 2.3 acre parcel of land was not purchased until 1704. The first documented burial, however, took place in November 1703. The northwest section of the cemetery is its oldest portion, and includes a number of unmarked gravesites. The cemetery continues in active use today, and contains a representative sample of funerary art spanning 300 years. It now covers more than 9 acre , extending between Main and Grove Streets. Its main entrance features posts with an Egyptian Revival theme, a style continued with the presence of obelisks dispersed on the grounds.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Bispebjerg, more commonly referred to as Nordvest (English: North-West), is one of the 10 official districts of Copenhagen, Denmark. Located on the northern border of the municipality, it covers an area of 5.39 km² and a population of 40,033. More specifically, Bispebjerg refers to a smaller neighbourhood within the district, located on the Bispebjerg Hill from which it takes its name.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Karrakatta Cemetery is a metropolitan cemetery in the suburb of Karrakatta in Perth, Western Australia. Karrakatta Cemetery first opened for burials in 1899, with Robert Creighton. Managed by the Metropolitan Cemeteries Board, the cemetery attracts more than one million visitors each year. Cypress trees located near the main entrance are a hallmark of Karrakatta Cemetery. The cemetery contains a crematorium, and in 1995 Western Australia's first mausoleum opened at the site.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Crossroads Tavern, also known as Crossroads Inn, is a historic inn and tavern located at North Garden, Albemarle County, Virginia. It was built about 1820. In the mid nineteenth century, Clifton G. Sutherland, son of Joseph Sutherland, owned and ran the tavern which was located on the Staunton and James River Turnpike. It served as a tavern and overnight lodging for farmers and travelers using the turnpike. In 1889, Daniel B. Landes bought the land at the public auction of the estate of Clifton Sutherland. The property continued to be conveyed to various owners over the years. The Crossroads Tavern is an early nineteenth century two- to three-story, three bay, double pile brick structure. The building sits on top of a brick and stone foundation, is roofed with tin and has pairs of interior brick chimneys on either gable end. The brick is laid in five course American bond with Flemish variant. Windows on the basement level at the rear of the house (north side) are barred; other basement windows are nine-over-six sash. Put-holes are found at the west end of the building, formerly providing sockets for scaffold boards should repairs be necessary. The front facade is dominated by a porch on the second story extending the entire width of the south and east facades. It is supported by five rounded brick columns and the tin roof above is supported by simple square wooden pillars connected by horizontal rails. Doors of the front of the basement level open respectively into kitchen and dining room and into a spirits cellar with its original barrel racks as well as a laundry fireplace. Floors on this level were originally dirt but dining room and kitchen floors have been cemented. The main entrance door on the second level, with its multi-panes lights, opens onto a central stair hall with tow main rooms on either side. This stair hall has an ascending stair at its front and both ascending and descending stairs toward its center. Formerly the ascending stairs led to upstairs areas which did not connect. There is no ridge pole in the three attic rooms. The interiors of windows and doors on the main entrance side have extremely long wooden lintels. With few exceptions, the interior woodwork is original, including floors, chair rails, mantels and built in cupboards. Also on the property is a two story contributing summer kitchen, brick up to the second story and frame above, and with an exterior brick chimney at the rear gable with fireplaces on both floors. It is operated as a bed and breakfast." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Donnie Little (born October 14, 1959) is a former American football quarterback. He was the quarterback of the Texas Longhorns from 1978 to 1980, and in 1978 was the first black quarterback to play for The University of Texas. He is credited with \"opening doors\" for future black quarterbacks at Texas, such as James Brown and Vince Young.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The 2011–12 UCF Knights men's basketball team was a NCAA Division I college basketball team that represented the University of Central Florida and competes in Conference USA. They played their home games at UCF Arena in Orlando, Florida and were led by second-year head coach Donnie Jones.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Kim Alison Little (born 29 June 1990) is a Scottish footballer who is a leading scorer on the Scotland women's national football team. She currently plays for Arsenal Ladies in the FA WSL. She previously played for NWSL club Seattle Reign FC and Melbourne City in the Australian W-League. During her first spell at Arsenal from 2008–2013, the team won four league titles, three WSL Continental Cups, three FA Cups and one Premier League Cup. Prior to her six years with Arsenal, Little played for Hibernian L.F.C. in the Scottish Women's Premier League (SWPL). During her 18 months with the club, they won the SWPL championship title, Scottish Cup, and the Premier League Cup.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: This is a list of seasons completed by the UCF Knights basketball team since the team's formation in 1969. Since that season, the Knights have played over 1,100 regular-season games, winning five conference tournament championships and seven regular season championships. The Knights are a member of the American Athletic Conference (The American), and their current head coach is Donnie Jones, who is in his fifth year with the team. The Knights play their home games at CFE Arena, which is located on the main campus of UCF in Orlando, Florida.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The 1979 Iowa State Cyclones football team represented Iowa State University during the 1979 NCAA Division I-A football season. They played their home games at Cyclone Stadium in Ames, Iowa. They participated as members of the Big Eight Conference. The team was coached by head coach Donnie Duncan.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The Dallas Mavericks are an American professional basketball team based in Dallas, Texas. They play in the Southwest Division of the Western Conference in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The team joined the NBA in 1980 as an expansion team, and won their first Western Conference championship in 2006. The Mavericks have played their home games at the American Airlines Center since 2001. The Mavericks are owned by Mark Cuban, and Donnie Nelson is their general manager.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The 2015–16 UCF Knights men's basketball team represented the University of Central Florida during the 2015–16 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Knights were member of the American Athletic Conference. The Knights, in the program's 47th season of basketball, were led by sixth year head coach Donnie Jones and played their home games at the CFE Arena on the university's main campus in Orlando, Florida. They finished the season with a record of 12–18, 6–12 in AAC play to finish in seventh place in conference. They lost in the first round of the AAC Tournament to Tulane. After the season, Donnie Jones was fired as UCF's head coach.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Luigi \"Lou Little\" Piccolo (December 6, 1893 – May 28, 1979) was an American football player and coach. Embarrassed by his Italian name, he changed it to \"Little\", retaining the meaning. He served as the head coach at Georgetown College, now Georgetown University, from 1924 to 1929 and at Columbia University from 1930 to 1956, compiling a mediocre career college football record of 151–128–13. Little played college football as a tackle at the University of Pennsylvania for the 1916 and 1919 seasons and then with the professional football team the Frankford Yellow Jackets from 1920 to 1923. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1960. He appeared as \"Lu Libble\" in Jack Kerouac's novel \"Maggie Cassidy\", a fictionalized account of Kerouac's early life.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: The 2014–15 Tennessee Volunteers basketball team represented the University of Tennessee in the 2014–15 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team's head coach was Donnie Tyndall, who was in his first season at Tennessee. The team played their home games at the Thompson–Boling Arena in Knoxville, Tennessee as a member of the Southeastern Conference. They finished the season 16–16, 7–11 in SEC play to finish in tenth place. They advanced to the quarterfinals of the SEC Tournament where they lost to Arkansas." ]

[ "Passage 1" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Metropolis is a 1927 German expressionist epic science-fiction drama film directed by Fritz Lang. He and his wife, Thea von Harbou, wrote the silent film, which starred Gustav Fröhlich, Brigitte Helm, Alfred Abel and Rudolf Klein-Rogge. Erich Pommer produced it in the Babelsberg Studios for Universum Film A.G. It is regarded as a pioneering work of the science-fiction genre in movies, being among the first feature-length movies of the genre.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Atıf Yılmaz Batıbeki (December 9, 1925 – May 5, 2006) was a renowned Turkish film director, screenwriter, and film producer. He was almost a legend in the film industry of Turkey with 119 movies directed. He also wrote 53 screenplays and produced 28 movies since 1951. He was active in almost every period of the Turkish film industry. Despite the numerous movies he directed, majority of those were qualified, and had a message to get through.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: American director, screenwriter, and producer Paul Thomas Anderson has directed seven feature-length films, five short films, twelve music videos, one documentary, one television episode as a guest segment director, and one theatrical play. He made his directorial debut with the mockumentary short film \"The Dirk Diggler Story\" (1988), at the age of 18, about a pornographic actor in the 1970s. Anderson followed it five years later with another short film, \"Cigarettes & Coffee\" in 1993. In 1996, Anderson wrote and directed the neo-noir crime thriller \"Hard Eight\", starring Philip Baker Hall, John C. Reilly, Gwyneth Paltrow, and Samuel L. Jackson. The film was well received, with film critic Roger Ebert saying of it in his review, \"Movies like \"Hard Eight\" remind me of what original, compelling characters the movies can sometimes give us.\" Using the basis of \"The Dirk Diggler Story\", Anderson wrote and directed an expansion of the film entitled \"Boogie Nights\" in 1997. The film starred Mark Wahlberg as Eddie Adams/\"Dirk Diggler\" during the Golden Age of Porn in the 1970s and his eventual downfall in the 1980s. \"Boogie Nights\" received acclaim from critics and was a commercial success; at the 70th Academy Awards ceremony, the film was nominated for three Academy Awards, including for Best Supporting Actor (Burt Reynolds), Best Supporting Actress (Julianne Moore) and Best Original Screenplay.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Vincent Vito Gallo Jr. (born April 11, 1961) is an American actor, director, model, musician and painter. Though he has had minor roles in mainstream films such as \"Arizona Dream\", \"The Funeral\" and \"Palookaville\", he is most associated with independent movies, including \"Buffalo '66\", which he wrote, directed, scored and starred in and \"The Brown Bunny\", which he also wrote, directed, produced, starred in and photographed. In the early 2000s, he released several solo recordings on Warp Records.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Midnight Ramble is a 1994 documentary about the early history of Black American movies from the period between 1910 and 1950. Known as \"race movies\", these films, traditionally independent of Hollywood, were made primarily by, for and about the Black Community. This documentary is a tribute to a film genre that lasted for more than forty years, produced over 500 movies, and created a foundation for contemporary films from directors such as Spike Lee and Tyler Perry. James Avery narrates this exploration of the early black film industry. There is a mistaken assumption that 'race films' began largely in reaction to D. W. Griffith's 1915 \"The Birth of a Nation\". Nothing could be further from the truth. Race movies actually began around 1910 in Chicago in response to the Black Community longing to see themselves reflected on the silver screen via this new medium of film. Wanting to see themselves through their own eyes, on their own terms thus counteracting the Hollywood stereotypes within the American media. The film focuses especially on the work of Oscar Micheaux, considered the 'Dean of Black American film,' a controversial filmmaker who wrote, produced, and directed over 40 features, and tackled difficult social issues in Black America. It includes clips from films by a number of African-American directors of the period, which is very helpful since many of these films are difficult to find or unavailable. There are two versions of the title of the documentary, both referring to the same work. Initially released in 1994 as, \"Midnight Ramble: Oscar Micheaux & the Story of Race Movies\" It was re-released as \"Midnight Ramble: The Story of the Black Film Industry\" by PBS in 1995 The 1995 version also eliminates the David McCullugh introduction.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Palaniyaandi Neelakantan (2 October 1916 Villupuram – 3 September 1992 Chennai) was a Tamil film director, who was active for nearly four decades. He was born at Villupuram, Tamil Nadu. He graduated to movies from stage play. His play \"Naam Iruvar\" was brought by movie mogul Avichi Meiyappa Chettiar and made into a film in 1947. Then he wrote the dialogues for films like \"Vedala Ulagam\" in 1948. His directorial debut was with \"Oru Iravu\" in (1951), the dialogue for which was written by C. N. Annadurai. Two films that made him well-known are ALS productions \"Ambikapadi\" (1957) and \"Thirudadhe\" (1961). He also has directed movies in Kannada and Sinhalese \"Suneetha\" and \"Sujage Rahase\". Neelakantan was mainly associated with creating M. G. Ramachandran's (MGR) movie persona. Between \"Chakravarthi Thirumagal\" in 1957 and \"Needhikku Thalaivanangu\" in 1976, Neelakantan directed altogether 17 of MGR's movies.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Michael Showalter (born June 17, 1970) is an American comedian, actor, producer, writer, and director. He is a member of the sketch comedy trio Stella. Showalter first came to recognition as a cast member on MTV's \"The State\", which aired from 1993 to 1995. He co-wrote (with David Wain) and starred in \"Wet Hot American Summer\" (2001) and he wrote, directed, and starred in \"The Baxter\" (2005), with Michelle Williams, Justin Theroux and Elizabeth Banks. Both of these movies featured many of his co-stars from \"The State\", and so do several of his other projects.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: David Anthony Mann (born August 7, 1966) is an American stage actor, gospel singer, and stand up-comedian who has starred in many Tyler Perry plays, including \"I Can Do Bad All By Myself\", \"Madea's Family Reunion,\" \"Madea's Class Reunion\", \"Meet the Browns\", and \"What's Done in the Dark\". His character Mr. Brown is the father of Madea's daughter Cora (wife - Tamela Mann). Mann also reprised his role as \"Mr. Brown\" in the movies \"Tyler Perry's Meet the Browns\" and \"Tyler Perry's Madea Goes to Jail\"." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The Smithsonian museums are the most widely visible part of the United States' Smithsonian Institution and consist of nineteen museums and galleries as well as the National Zoological Park. Seventeen of these collections are located in Washington D.C., with eleven of those located on the National Mall. The remaining ones are in New York City and Chantilly, Virginia. As of 2010, one museum, the Arts and Industries Building, is closed in preparation for a substantial renovation, and its newest museum building, the National Museum of African American History and Culture, opened in 2016.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The Museo Alameda was the largest Latino museum in the USA and the first formal Smithsonian affiliate outside of Washington D.C., located in the historic Market Square in Downtown San Antonio, Texas. In 1996, Secretary I. Michael Heyman of the Smithsonian Institution announced a physical presence of the Smithsonian in San Antonio and gave birth to the Smithsonian's affiliations program. In May of the same year, Governor George W. Bush signed a joint resolution of the Texas legislature establishing the Museo Alameda as the official State Latino Museum.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal commemorative obelisk is an 8 ft marble obelisk erected in 1850 in Washington, D.C., to mark the completion of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal to Cumberland, Maryland. It stands on the northwest corner of the Wisconsin Avenue Bridge over the canal in Washington's Georgetown neighborhood.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The Nashville Terminal Subdivision is a railroad line owned by CSX Transportation in the U.S. State of Tennessee. The Subdivision is broken up into 5 sections all in Nashville, Tennessee. The northern part of the Terminal is in Madison, Tennessee at milepost 000/0BA 174 on the southern end of the Ex-L&N Mainline Subdivision at Monfort. Disptach for the Mainline Sub is known as \"LD\" which is part of the Cincinnati Division. From here in Madison begins the double track that stays for another 22 miles south to Brentwood, Tennessee. At milepost 000/0BA/00H 176.6, the famous Johnny Cash \"Amqui\" location where the Ex-L&N Evansville, Indiana line, the Henderson Subdivision meets with the Terminal. Dispatch for the Henderson Sub is known as \"SA\" and operates on AAR58. There are two crossings near each other, Williams Ave and Nesbitt Lane at Amqui. From here the Terminal goes south about 2 miles to the Nashville National Cemetery to the first major location, known as Ekin, 000179, where there is a cross over track from number 1 to number 2 track (left to right track). There is also the first EDD (Defect Detector) at 000179.1. Few more miles southward, the next major location appears. At 000181.0, Maplewood is a major location for the Terminal. From here the regular Terminal goes south to swap crews at Kayne Ave, and the right side, Radnor Cutoff, detours the city and gives yard departures and arrivals direct access to and from Radnor yard to cities like Louisville and Chicago. The Cutoff runs from Maplewood to Shelby Park double track. From Shebly the track converges into one to pass the historic Shelby bridge, then it opens back to double track. From there, the cutoff hits the Intermediates at 0BA187.0 known as Chicken Pike. The Radnor Cutoff carries the L&N mainline classification of \"0BA\" but meets the main at the same milepost from the Terminal. At Chicken Pike, trains are staged to await arrival to Radnor yard. Once they get clearance, speed is decreased to 15, and at 0BA188.1 the EDD (Defect Detector) sounds for departures and arrivals. This location is known as North Radnor. The right track diverging from the #2 is known as A-1, it is for departure trains to Chattanooga and Atlanta. The left track which goes west from the #1 is known as A-2, and serves as a departure track to Memphis, and if the cutoff is out of service, all northbound departures. The interesting piece of Maplewood is the crossovers that are there to move trains from the Cutoff to the Main. Both lines remain double track for a while. The main runs south for 2 more miles until the Intermediate signals at 000183.0. Commonly trains will stop before Delmas Ave when Kayne Ave is at capacity and await dispatch permission before moving south. From here, the main continues south until the CR Cumberland River Swingbridge, where the main converges into a single track shortly to cross the bridge. At this point, trains had been running at track speed of around 40. From the drawbridge into town, speed is reduced to around 10. After the bridge is passed, the main returns to double track in downtown. On the #1 track about a half a mile south, another connecting track is present. This is the Wye track that connects the main with the Bruceton side, while rarely used for mainline trains, locals and river jobs use it. The location is known as 8th Avenue or 8th Avenue Wye. The main then runs down to Kayne Ave, the central hotbed of all Nashville thru traffic. The Memphis, Tennessee Ex-L&N Bruceton Subdivision meets with the Terminal. The Bruceton Sub begins at Church Street at 00N0.0. The line then runs single track until 00N0.7 \"11th Avenue\" where it turns into double track and also meets the aforementioned, Wye track. The Bruceton line then goes southwest a while to the next signals, at \"Shops\". Now speed has been increased. The line is still double track until \"Sellars\", where speed is increased to 40 and jurisdiction transferred to the SD Dispatcher. For a short time, 4 main tracks are present and an additional fifth track for switchers and yard movements. The tracks from left to right in Kayne Ave are as follows: 100, 99, 98, 12, 3. The Kayne Ave yard is also here in this area, which houses some frieght and some switcher engines. The tracks to the old shed are covered and removed. The Union Station is not an active station, but a historic hotel. Crew change usually occurs at the \"walkway\" which is under the Demombreun St bridge by the Kayne Ave Tower. This is also where the Ex-NC&StL Chattanooga Subdivision begins. Then tracks run south to Fogg St/South End where things get complicated. At milepost 000/0BA/00J187 the 98 track merges into the 12 track, making for 3 tracks now. There is a crossover from 99 to 12, also a crossover from 12 to 3. About 2/10ths of a mile down the 99 merges into the 12 track reducing the tracks back to the regular double. About 4/10ths of a mile down the line from Fogg St, 000187.4, Oak St, is a crossover track from #2 to #1 (the track names are no longer 3 and 12, but are back to regular names). When trains use this crossover northbound, such as Memphis bound trains from the A-2 line, they refer to it as \"Long Lead\". And now, the Terminal splits into two parts. The right side turns into a single track shortly, and will become the Chattanooga Subdivision, and the left side runs south to Brentwood. The right track runs single shortly until double track for a while. This begins part of the Chattanooga Sub or J-Line. The #2 meets with the A-2 connection track at 00J2.2 known as A-2. Speed is now increased to 40. Commonly northbounds will stage at 4th Ave on the #1 to await clearance. Now about a mile down the #1 meets the A-1 connection line. At 00J3.6 known as A-1. Further down the double track ends at Glencliff (00J4.9). Now it runs single for three miles until it hits Danley, which has the D Line connection track, which is an arrival track for incoming Radnor trains from the J Line. At Danley, the Terminal ends but the same dispatcher handles traffic, \"SC\". At Oak Street, our main terminal line goes south two miles to 000189.0 known as Criaghead or Vine Hill. There is a crossover here from #1 to #2 track. And there is also a connection/delivery track to the Nashville and Eastern Railroad which connects the Tennessee Central Railroad Museum to a major railroad. Trains sometimes stop on the #2 before Craighead if they are waiting to enter Radnor yard. Sometimes trains wait on the #1 at the Berry Road crossing if they await arrival to Kayne Ave. At this point, speed has been increased to 30 from 10. Moving south, the line hits Radnor Yard at 000192. The #2 track meets the E-Line arrival track which most Memphis trains and locals use. The B-Line which meets the #1 track is used for departures out of the C yard and local jobs. At Mayton, 000192.3, the B line meets the #1 track, and there is a crossover track from #2 to #1. Speed is now at 40. 2 miles south, at 000194.0, South Radnor, the next intersection is present. This is where the Radnor A yard meets the main. There is a single departure/arrival track that meets the #2 track along with a crossover from #1 to #2 track. Commonly, the #2 track south of the signals is used to halt trains. This location is known as TVA, because of the power station that is adjacent. From here the Terminal runs about 2.5 miles south until we hit the southern tip. The tracks converge onto one single main, at 000/0BA196.6 known as Brentwood. Speed is increased to 50 and jurisdiction to the S.E. dispatcher. The right track is the main, S&NA North, while the left track is the Nashville Subdivision which runs to Columbia and exchanges freight with the TSRR. The Nashville Terminal Subdivision is one of the busiest locations on the CSX network, and one of the most important.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Archives of American Gardens (known colloquially as AAG) is an archive dedicated to preserving documentation and content related to gardens in the United States. Established in 1992, the Archives are located in Washington, D.C., United States, and are maintained by Smithsonian Gardens, a unit of the Smithsonian Institution.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The National Portrait Gallery is a historic art museum located between 7th, 9th, F, and G Streets NW in Washington, D.C., in the United States. Founded in 1962 and opened to the public in 1968, it is part of the Smithsonian Institution. Its collections focus on images of famous Americans. The museum is housed in the historic Old Patent Office Building, as is the Smithsonian American Art Museum. The two museums are the eponym for the Gallery Place Washington Metro station, located at the corner of F and 7th Streets NW.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: C. Malcolm Watkins (1911–2001) was an American historian, archaeologist, and curator. He researched early American material culture, with a specific interest in the decorative arts. Watkins served as a head curator of the Department of Cultural History at the National Museum of American History at the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.. He spent a total of 31 years working at the Smithsonian.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The Smithsonian Institution Archives (SIA) is the archives of the Smithsonian Institution. SIA is located in Washington, D.C., United States, and maintains the archives related to the history of the 19 museums and galleries, the National Zoological Park, 9 research facilities, and the people of the Smithsonian." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: \"Crystallize\" is a song by American violinist Lindsey Stirling from her self-titled studio album, \"Lindsey Stirling\". The song was released as a music video on YouTube on February 23, 2012. The video proved to be a success, with more than 42 million views at the end of the year, and was the eighth-most watched video of 2012. The song became Lindsey Stirling's album's lead single due to its success. The song appeared on three \"Billboard\" charts and, according to Nielsen SoundScan, by April 2013 it had reached 234,000 digital sales. On February 4, 2014, almost two years after the release of the video, \"Crystallize\" earned Stirling's first RIAA certified gold record by selling 500,000 copies in the United States. At the end of 2013, on the year-end chart, \"Crystallize\" finished first in the chart of Classical Digital Songs. On July 27, 2014, the official music video reached 100 million views, being Stirling's first YouTube video in doing so.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The music video of \"Gangnam Style\" by recording artist Psy is currently the third most viewed and the third most liked video on YouTube. It was directed by Cho Soo-hyun. The music video was filmed in Seoul for 48 straight hours. The video was premiered on July 15, 2012 and was later made available to download digitally on October 19. In the music video Psy \"pokes fun at the style of Seoul's Gangnam-gu, a flashy district with high rents, high expectations and a focus on the high-status lifestyle\". In December 2012, the music video was the first to hit 1 billion views on the video-sharing website YouTube and in June 2014 the video had surpassed 2 billion views. By July 2017, the number of views had grown past 2.9 billion.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Video from Hell is a video released in 1987 by Frank Zappa. It is a compilation of pieces of music and video from a series of projects that Zappa presumably planned to finish and release for home video, including a companion video for the \"You Can't Do That On Stage Anymore\" series of albums, but those projects were ultimately never completed. Many pieces from this video had appeared on a one-hour \"Night Flight\" special entitled \"You Are What You Watch\". The music video for the song \"G-Spot Tornado\" features color 8mm footage that Zappa shot at a county fair in the early 1960s, while the music video for \"Night School\" features footage from the making of his feature film \"200 Motels\". It also features the music video for \"You Are What You Is\" which was banned by MTV. A guitar solo duet between Zappa and Steve Vai taken from the song \"Stevie's Spanking\" was later released on \"You Can't Do That On Stage Anymore, Vol. 4\". As of December 2011, the video has not yet been released on DVD.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: \"Barack Obama vs. Mitt Romney\" is a song and music video, performed by Iman Crosson, Peter \"Nice Peter\" Shukoff, and Lloyd \"EpicLLOYD\" Ahlquist. It is the 8th episode of the 2nd season of the YouTube video series \"Epic Rap Battles of History\". The video was released on 15 October 2012 on the show's YouTube channel in anticipation of the 2012 US presidential election.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The videography of American pop/R&B recording artist Whitney Houston consists of fifty-five music videos, four music video compilations, a concert tour video and three music video singles. In 1983, Houston signed a recording contract with Arista Records and two years after released her eponymous debut album. Houston's first music video was for the single \"You Give Good Love\", which was selected to establish her in the black marketplace first. In the video of worldwide hit \"Saving All My Love for You\", she played a beaming All-American girl shadowed by her secret lover's wife. The following video \"How Will I Know\", directed by Brian Grant, that helped introduce the singer to a wider audience when it became one of the first videos by a black female singer to earn heavy rotation on MTV, blasting open the doors for a whole generation of R&B and pop divas to follow. The clip won MTV Video Music Award for Best Female Video at its 3rd ceremony of 1986. \" Greatest Love of All\", the final single released from Houston's debut album, which helped cement the M.O. for the classic Whitney video. In June 1986, Houston released her first video compilation \"The No. 1 Video Hits\", containing her four music videos off the \"Whitney Houston\" album. The video compilation reached number-one on the \"Billboard\" Top Music Videocassettes chart and stayed at the top spot for 22 weeks, which remains the all-time record for a video collection by a female artist, and was certified Platinum for shipments of 100,000 units by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) on July 15, 1986. In 1987, \"I Wanna Dance with Somebody (Who Loves Me)\", the first single from her second album \"Whitney\", was one of Houston's most recognized music videos in company with the song's smash hit worldwide. Houston's fashion and hairstyle in the clip―towering curly wig, colorful dangly earrings and a series of going-to-the-club outfits―became one of her iconic looks.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The videography of South Korean K-Pop band Secret consists of twelve music videos, 1 concert tour video, 2 music video compilations, 1 music video single and three promotional videos. In 2009, Secret signed a recording contract with TS Entertainment and released their first single \"I Want You Back\" which became their first music video. Secret's first music video to receive attention in South Korea was \"Magic\" and became one of their popular songs because of its choreography. The same year, the group released \"Madonna\", which featured a sophisticated image for them, as the song lyrically tells about living with confidence by becoming an icon in this generation, like the music icon Madonna. In early to mid-2011, the group departed from their sexy image and released \"Shy Boy\". The song ushered a new image for Secret which was inspired by the American 50's fashion and features a \"cutesy\" concept. Secret continued to channel the image of their previous single with the release of \"Starlight Moonlight\" and maintained the \"retro\" theme.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: \"Gangnam Style\" (Korean: 강남스타일 , ] ) is the 18th K-pop single by the South Korean musician Psy. The song was released on July 15, 2012, as the lead single of his sixth studio album \"Psy 6 (Six Rules), Part 1\", and debuted at number one on South Korea's Gaon Chart. On December 21, 2012, \"Gangnam Style\" became the first YouTube video to reach one billion and two billion views. The song's music video has been viewed over 2.9 billion times on YouTube, and was the most viewed video on YouTube from November 24, 2012, when it surpassed the music video for \"Baby\" by Justin Bieber featuring Ludacris, to July 10, 2017, when it was surpassed by the music video for \"See You Again\" by Wiz Khalifa featuring Charlie Puth.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: \"First of the Year (Equinox)\" is a song by American electronic music producer Skrillex. It was released on June 7, 2011 as the lead single from his third EP, \"More Monsters and Sprites\". The song has since become a moderate commercial success, peaking within the charts of the United States, Australia, Canada, Norway and Sweden. A music video directed by Tony Truand, produced by HK Corp, premiered on August 10, 2011, and was nominated at the 54th Grammy Awards for Best Short Form Music Video. The music video was nominated for the MTV Video Music Award for Best Electronic Dance Music Video and it won the award for Best Visual Effects in a Video at 2012 MTV Video Music Awards.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Play ( ) is the thirteenth studio album by Taiwanese singer Jolin Tsai ( ). It was released on November 15, 2014, by Warner Music Taiwan. The album melds dancehall with bubblegum pop, breathtaking love songs with hilariously catty weirdness and euphorically catchy melodies with propulsive rhythms. The album garnered critical acclaim and was declared as \"easily the best album of the year\". The music video of the title track, \"Play\", became the most-viewed Chinese-language music video of 2014 on YouTube and thrust her into the international spotlight. Nolan Feeney from \"Time\" magazine claimed the music video \"the year's best pop music video.\" The album has sold more than 85,000 copies in Taiwan alone, and made her the best-selling female singer of the year in Taiwan. The title track, \"Play\", reached number 1 on the Hit FM Top 100 Singles of the Year. The ninth track, \"The Third Person and I\", reached number 8 on the chart. The album earned Tsai six Golden Melody Award nominations for Best Mandarin Album, Song of the Year, Best Vocal Recording Album, and three Best Music Videos, and she finally won for Best Mandarin Album and Best Vocal Recording Album. The album also earned Tsai an MTV Europe Music Award nomination for Best Taiwanese Act. The album also earned Tsai an Mnet Asian Music Award for Best Asian Artist." ]

[ "Passage 4" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The 1932 Memorial Cup final was the 14th junior ice hockey championship of the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association. The George Richardson Memorial Trophy champions Sudbury Cub Wolves of the Northern Ontario Hockey Association in Eastern Canada competed against the Abbott Cup champions Winnipeg Monarchs of the Manitoba Junior Hockey League in Western Canada. In a best-of-three series, held at Shea's Amphitheatre in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Sudbury won their 1st Memorial Cup, defeating Winnipeg 2 games to 1.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Winnipeg Arena was an indoor arena located in the Polo Park district of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. The arena was the city's premier ice hockey venue from 1955 to 2004 and is best remembered as the home of the first Winnipeg Jets franchise, which played in the World Hockey Association (WHA) from 1972 to 1979 and the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1979 to 1996. It was also home to junior and minor league teams such as the Manitoba Moose (1996–2004) and Winnipeg Warriors (1955–1961). The arena closed after the completion of the MTS Centre in November 2004 and was later demolished. A retail and commercial complex occupies the site today.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The Winnipeg Jets were a Canadian professional ice hockey team based in Winnipeg, Manitoba. They began play in the World Hockey Association (WHA) in 1972, moving to the National Hockey League (NHL) in 1979 following the WHA's collapse. Due to mounting financial troubles, in 1996 the franchise moved to Phoenix, Arizona and became the Phoenix Coyotes (now the Arizona Coyotes). In 2011 the Atlanta Thrashers franchise relocated to Winnipeg and restored the Jets name, although the prior Jets club history is retained by the Arizona club (the new Jets did acknowledge the original Jets as part of the 2016 Heritage Classic festivities).\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Paul Frederick Terbenche (September 16, 1945 – January 8, 2012) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman. He played in the National Hockey League with the Chicago Black Hawks and Buffalo Sabres, as well as in the World Hockey Association with the Vancouver Blazers, Calgary Cowboys, Birmingham Bulls, Houston Aeros, and Winnipeg Jets.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The 1935 Memorial Cup final was the 17th junior ice hockey championship of the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association. The George Richardson Memorial Trophy champions Sudbury Cub Wolves of the Northern Ontario Hockey Association in Eastern Canada competed against the Abbott Cup champions Winnipeg Monarchs of the Manitoba Junior Hockey League in Western Canada. In a best-of-three series, held at Shea's Amphitheatre in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Winnipeg won their 1st Memorial Cup, defeating Sudbury 2 games to 1.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The 1896 Manitoba Hockey Association season was a series of five games contested by the senior ice hockey teams of Winnipeg Victorias and the Winnipeg Hockey Club. During the season, on February 14 the Victorias played a Stanley Cup challenge match in Montreal, defeating the Montreal Victorias. Winnipeg won 2–0 to win the Cup. This was the first time the Stanley Cup champion was from a league other than the Amateur Hockey Association of Canada. The Victorias won the season series to retain the Cup for the league.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The Manitoba Hockey Association (MHA) was an early men's senior ice hockey league playing around 1900 in Manitoba, Canada. The league started as an elite amateur league in 1892, became professional in 1905, had a professional and an amateur league in 1908–09 and only an amateur league from 1909 until 1923. Two teams from the league have won the Stanley Cup, the Winnipeg Victorias and the Kenora Thistles. Three other teams from the league have challenged for the Stanley Cup: Brandon Wheat Cities, Winnipeg Maple Leafs, and the Winnipeg Rowing Club. Other teams have won the Allan Cup: Winnipeg Hockey Club, Winnipeg Falcons, Winnipeg Monarchs and Winnipeg Victorias.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The 1902–03 Manitoba Hockey Association (MHA) season consisted of a six game series between the Winnipeg Rowing Club and the Winnipeg Victorias. To differentiate from the Manitoba & Northwestern Hockey Association, the league was known as the Western Canada Hockey Association. The Rowing Club won the series of the Winnipeg teams to take the championship. The Rowing Club would challenge for the Stanley Cup in the 1903–04 season.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: The 1959 Memorial Cup final was the 41st junior ice hockey championship of the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association. The George Richardson Memorial Trophy champions Peterborough TPT Petes of the Ontario Hockey Association in Eastern Canada competed against the Abbott Cup champions Winnipeg Braves of the Manitoba Junior Hockey League in Western Canada. In a best-of-seven series, held at the Winnipeg Arena in Winnipeg, Manitoba and at Wheat City Arena in Brandon, Manitoba, Winnipeg won their 1st Memorial Cup, defeating Regina 4 games to 1.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: The 1953 Memorial Cup final was the 35th junior ice hockey championship of the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association. The George Richardson Memorial Trophy champions Barrie Flyers of the Ontario Hockey Association in Eastern Canada competed against the Abbott Cup champions St. Boniface Canadiens of the Manitoba Junior Hockey League in Western Canada. In a best-of-seven series, held at Shea's Amphitheatre in Winnipeg, Manitoba and the Wheat City Arena in Brandon, Manitoba, Barrie won their 2nd Memorial Cup, defeating Winnipeg 4 games to 1." ]

[ "Passage 4", "Passage 3" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Chicago Franchise Systems, Inc. franchises operates Italian-based Chicago-style restaurants in Illinois, Georgia, California and Missouri which specialize in Chicago-style cuisine They have operated since 1990, when they took over the popular Nancy's Pizza chain of pizzerias. Nancy's itself was started in 1971 by Nancy and Rocco Palese, a couple who claims to have invented the concept of stuffed pizza. Today, there are 36 Nancy's locations in Chicago metropolitan area, as well as two location in the Atlanta, Georgia area, and one in the Los Angeles, CA area. CFS, Inc. operates Al's Beef, a popular Italian beef restaurant that is extremely well known in downtown Chicago and is regarded as one of the best beef sandwiches in the country. CFS, Inc. just launched Doughocracy Pizza + Brews, a fast casual pizza place that gives customers the \"Freedom to Choose\" their own toppings on a hand stretched pizza crust that can be paired with local craft beers. There are two Doughocracy restaurants, one in Geneva, Illinois and one in University City, Missouri, a suburb of St. Louis.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Fox's Pizza Den is a pizzeria chain based in Murrysville, Pennsylvania, United States. It was founded in 1971 by Jim Fox in Pitcairn, Pennsylvania, and currently has more than 250 locations in 28 U.S. states, all franchise-owned. Fox's Pizza Den has consistently ranked among the Top 25 pizza chains in the world. The Small Business Administration named Jim Fox as one of the country's top entrepreneurs during National Small Business Week, May 5–11, 2002. Since that time, many Fox's Franchises have closed due to a poor business model. The alarming rate of failure lead to the SBA discontinuing the lending of money for Fox's Franchises. Fox's Pizza was ranked \"Best Pizza Franchise\" in 2007.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Charles Joseph Canfield (March 24, 1932 – January 24, 2017) was a Veteran of the United States Navy and an American businessman. He was a mayor of Rochester, Minnesota. Before being elected mayor in 1995, he was the member of the Rochester City Council for the 2nd Ward for a span which began in 1986. He owned a Shakey's Pizza Parlor restaurant in northwest Rochester along US Route 52\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Happy Joe's Pizza & Ice Cream Parlor is an American pizza parlor chain based in Bettendorf, Iowa. The restaurant chain was founded in 1972 by Lawrence Joseph \"Happy Joe\" Whitty, a former Shakey's Pizza manager. Its 61 restaurants are mostly located in the Midwestern United States (in Iowa, Illinois, Missouri, Minnesota, North Dakota and Wisconsin). , although the company is also present in Arizona. The idea for Happy Joe's came from a combination of a pizza parlor and ice cream palace.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Mountain Mike's Pizza is a chain of pizzerias mainly along the West Coast of the United States, primarily Northern California. They have additional locations in Nevada, Oregon, and Utah. The restaurants offer other items, such as pasta and chicken wings.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Blackjack Pizza is a Colorado-based pizza delivery chain founded in 1983 by a former Domino's Pizza employee, Vince Schmuhl, because Domino's Pizza was the only major pizza delivery company in the Rocky Mountain region and he thought customers would appreciate an alternative. The pizza chain is the largest in Colorado with 800 employees, some of whom work part-time. On January 1, 2013, Blackjack Pizza was acquired by Askar Brands.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Kisad Road is a major road in Baguio in the Philippines. It connects from Aspiras-Palispis Highway (formerly Marcos Highway) to Shuntug Road in the city's downtown core. Burnham Park, which is named after Daniel Burnham, is located along the road. The Mama Well Restaurant, Nationwide Health Systems Baguio, Ina Mansion Condominium, Baguio Midland Courier, Shakey's Pizza Parlor, Professional Regulation Commission, Cafe by the Ruins Restaurant, The Hotels Starwood Hotel, Baguio Crown Legacy, Kisad Hotel, Venus Parkview Hotel, Baguio Burnham Suites, Holiday Park Hotel, and Eurotel are also located along the road.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: California-style pizza (also known as California pizza or Gourmet pizza) is a style of single-serving pizza that combines New York and Italian thin crust with toppings from the California cuisine cooking style. Its invention is generally attributed to chef Ed LaDou, and Chez Panisse, in Berkeley, California. Wolfgang Puck, after meeting LaDou, popularized the style of pizza in the rest of the country. It is served in a number of California Cuisine restaurants. Such restaurant chains as California Pizza Kitchen, Extreme Pizza, and Sammy's Woodfired Pizza are three major pizza franchises associated with California-style pizza. Nancy Silverton's Pizzeria Mozza is also a popular California-style pizza restaurant in Los Angeles.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Sherwood \"Shakey\" Johnson (September 2, 1925October 31, 1998) was a jazz patron and the founder in 1954 of Shakey's Pizza, which hosted live jazz-oriented music nightly." ]

[ "Passage 5" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Steven James Robert \"Steve\" Whan ( ) (born 11 February 1964), an Australian politician, was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Council from 2011 to 2015. Whan represented the electoral district of Monaro in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for the Australian Labor Party from 2003 until his defeat at the 2011 state election. Whan served as Minister of Emergency Services, Minister for Small Business and Minister for Rural Affairs in the Rees and Keneally ministries from 2009 to 2011.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Heffron is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales. It is named after Robert Heffron, a former Labor premier of New South Wales. It is a safe Labor seat, and was recently represented by Kristina Keneally of the Australian Labor Party and she like Heffron had also served as Premier. On 23 June 2012, Keneally announced that she would be resigning on 29 June 2012 to start her new career as CEO of Basketball Australia, prompting an August Heffron by-election. At the 2011 election, Keneally suffered a swing of over 16 percent, more than halving her majority from 23 percent to seven percent. However, at the by-election, the seat reverted to form as Labor candidate Ron Hoenig won with 70 percent of the two-candidate preferred vote.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Carmel Mary Tebbutt (born 22 January 1964) is an Australian former politician. She was the Australian Labor Party Member for the former seat of Marrickville in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly until the 2015 election and was Deputy Premier of New South Wales from 2008 to 2011. She was also Minister for Health in the Keneally Government. She is the first woman to hold the position of Deputy Premier of New South Wales.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Elections to the 55th Parliament of New South Wales were held on Saturday, 26 March 2011. The 16-year-incumbent Australian Labor Party government led by Premier Kristina Keneally was defeated in a landslide by the Liberal–National Coalition opposition led by Barry O'Farrell. Labor suffered a two-party swing of 16.4 points, the largest against a sitting government at any level in Australia since World War II. From 48 seats at dissolution, Labor was knocked down to 20 seats—the worst defeat of a sitting government in New South Wales history, and one of the worst of a state government in Australia since federation. The Coalition picked up 34 seats to win a strong majority, with 69 seats. It is only the third time since 1941 that a NSW Labor government has been defeated.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: A by-election occurred for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of Heffron on Saturday 25 August 2012. This was triggered by the resignation of former Premier of New South Wales and state Labor MP Kristina Keneally which she announced on 23 June 2012. Labor easily retained the seat with an increased margin. Ron Hoenig received a 60 percent primary and 70 percent two-candidate preferred vote.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The Keneally ministry is the 92nd ministry of the Government of New South Wales, and was led by the 42nd (and first female) Premier Kristina Keneally.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The Premier of New South Wales is the head of government in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The Government of New South Wales follows the Westminster system, with a Parliament of New South Wales acting as the legislature. The Premier is appointed by the Governor of New South Wales, and by modern convention holds office by virtue of his or her ability to command the support of a majority of members of the lower house of Parliament, the Legislative Assembly.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Tanya Rachelle Gadiel, \"née\" Barber (born 21 November 1972), a former Australian politician, was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly between 2003–2011, representing the electorate of Parramatta for the Australian Labor Party. During her term in Parliament, Gadiel was Deputy Speaker of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in the Kristina Keneally Labor Government. On 8 December 2010, Gadiel announced that she will not contest the 2011 state election." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Manga Bible (新約聖書 , Shinyaku Seisho ) is a five-volume manga series based on the Christian Bible created under the direction of the non-profit organization Next, a group formed by people from the manga industry. Though first published in English, the books are originally written in Japanese and each volume is illustrated by a Japanese manga artist. Each book is adapted from the Bible by Hidenori Kumai. The first two books were illustrated by manga artist Kozumi Shinozawa, while the remaining three will be illustrated by a different artist. The first book in the series, \"Manga Messiah\" was published in 2006 and covered the four gospels of the Bible: Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. \"Manga Metamorphosis\" (2008) covers the events in Acts and several of Paul's letters. \"Manga Mutiny\" (2008, 2009) begins in Genesis and ends in Exodus. \"Manga Melech\" (2010) picks up where \"Manga Mutiny\" left off and continues into the reign of David. The fifth, and currently final book, \"Manga Messengers\" (2011) addresses events starting with the reign of King Solomon and takes stories from several of the major and minor prophets, and the Book of Esther and concludes with anticipation of a messiah.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Zathura is an illustrated children's book by the American author Chris Van Allsburg as well as the title of a 2005 film based on the book. Two boys are drawn into an intergalactic adventure when their house is magically hurled through space. The book is a sequel to \"Jumanji\", another illustrated book by Van Allsburg, and references are made, both visual and textual, to \"Jumanji\".\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Manga Hero is an American publisher based in San Rafael, California that publishes graphic novels influence by Japanese manga. The company’s stories typically involve heroic characters that usually come from a Jewish or Christian background. Manga Hero’s current publications include \"Paul: Tarsus to Redemption\", written by Matthew Salisbury and Gabrielle Gniewek, as well as \"Judith: Captive to Conqueror\" and \"Many Are Called\" both written by Gabrielle Gniewek. The writers are from John Paul the Great Catholic University in San Diego. Sean Lam illustrated both series and lives in Singapore. Sean also illustrated a single volume comic titled \"It Takes a Wizard\" published by Seven Seas Entertainment in 2009. The organizers of World Youth Day 2011 recently announced that Manga Hero will launch a special comic titled \"Habemus Papam!\" where 300,000 copies will be distributed during the event in Madrid. This comic chronicles the life of Pope Benedict XVI and will be published in English and Spanish. Manga Hero hired Regina Doman in 2012 to write a more detailed graphic novel biography of Pope Benedict XVI, also illustrated by Sean Lam, based on the World Youth Day 2011 book and also titled \"Habemus Papam!\" In 2014, the publisher developed a full color graphic novel about Pope Francis written by Regina Doman and illustrated by Sean Lam. Manga Hero is also developing graphic novels on Pope John Paul II and Maximilian Kolbe.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: My Dad, John McCain is an illustrated children's book based on the life of John McCain. Written by his daughter, Meghan McCain, and published through Aladdin Paperbacks, it was released on September 2, 2008. The book's images were illustrated by Dan Andreasen. The book was intended to support John McCain's candidacy for President of the United States in 2008.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Mousehole Cat is a children's book written by Antonia Barber and illustrated by Nicola Bayley. Based on the legend of Cornish fisherman Tom Bawcock and the stargazy pie, it tells the tale of a cat who goes with its owner on a fishing expedition in rough seas. The book has won awards, including the 1991 British Book Award for Illustrated Children's Book of the Year. It has since been adapted into a 1994 animated film, a puppet show and is being adapted as a stage musical.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Gazu Hyakki Yagyō (画図百鬼夜行 , \"\"The Illustrated Night Parade of a Hundred Demons\"\" or \"The Illustrated Demon Horde's Night Parade\") is the first book of Japanese artist Toriyama Sekien's famous \"Gazu Hyakki Yagyō\" e-hon tetralogy, published in 1776. Although the title transliterates into \"The Illustrated Night Parade of a Hundred Demons,\" it is based on an idiom, \"hyakki yagyō,\" that is akin to pandemonium in English and implies an uncountable horde.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The Wakan Sansai Zue (和漢三才図会 , lit. \"Illustrated Sino-Japanese Encyclopedia\") is an illustrated Japanese \"leishu\" encyclopedia published in 1712 in the Edo period. It consists of 105 volumes in 81 books. Its compiler was Terashima or Terajima (Terajima Ryōan (寺島良安 ) ), a doctor from Osaka. It describes and illustrates various activities of daily life, such as carpentry and fishing, as well as plants and animals, and constellations. As seen from the title of the book (和 (wa), which means Japan and (漢 (kan), which means China), Terajima's idea was based on a Chinese encyclopedia, specifically the Ming work \"Sancai Tuhui\" (\"Pictorial...\" or \"Illustrated Compendium of the Three Powers\") by Wang Qi (1607), known in Japan as the \"Sansai Zue\" (三才図会 ) . Reproductions of the \"Wakan Sansai Zue\" are still in print in Japan.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Ferdinand the Bull is a 1938 American stand-alone animated short produced by Walt Disney Productions and released on November 25, 1938 by RKO Radio Pictures. It was directed by Dick Rickard and based on the book, \"The Story of Ferdinand\" by Munro Leaf. The music was by Albert Hay Mallotte, most known for the setting of The Lord's Prayer sung commonly at weddings." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The Dean of Chelmsford is the head (\"primus inter pares\" – first among equals) and chair of the Cathedral Chapter, the governing body of Chelmsford Cathedral, the Cathedral Church of St Mary the Virgin, St Peter and St Cedd. Before 2000 the post was designated as a provost, which was then the equivalent of a dean at most English cathedrals. The cathedral is the mother church of the Diocese of Chelmsford and seat of the Bishop of Chelmsford. The Dean of Chelmsford is also responsible for the Chapel of St Peter-on-the-Wall at Bradwell-on-Sea, founded by St Cedd, among the oldest church buildings in regular use in England.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Michael Leslie Yorke was an Anglican priest in the last decades of the 20th century and the first years of the 21st. He was born on 25 March 1939 and educated at Midhurst Grammar School and Magdalene College, Cambridge. Ordained in 1965 his first post was a curacy at Croydon Parish Church after which he served as Succentor, Precentor and Chaplain at Chelmsford Cathedral. Following this he was Rector of Hadstock, a Canon Residentiary at Chelmsford Cathedral, Vicar of St Margaret’s with St Nicholas, King’s Lynn and Provost of Portsmouth Cathedral. In 1999 he became Dean of Lichfield, and is now in retirement as Dean Emeritus.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Born in Nottingham on 20 October 1926, he was educated at Nottingham High School and St John's College, Cambridge. After National Service with the RAF Educational Service he was ordained in 1952. He was an Assistant Curate St Mary’s, Radcliffe-on-Trent and then Residential Chaplain to the Bishop of Portsmouth until 1959. He was Chaplain at Canford School from 1959 until 1972 when he became Vicar of St John’s, Oakfield, Ryde. From 1975 to 1985 he was Director of Religious Education in the Portsmouth Diocese and a Residential Canon of its Cathedral. After this he became Archdeacon of Portsmouth.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Cathedral of St John The Evangelist is the Mother Church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Kuala Lumpur and the seat of its Archbishop, Julian Leow Beng Kim. The first Church on a nearby site was established in 1883, and consisted of a long wooden hall with a few windows built on a forested area of Bukit Nanas, and was dedicated to St John the Evangelist. It was later rebuilt with bricks walls and tile roofed, and today is used as The Community Services Centre\". The current building was built in 1954 and completed in 1955 and consecrated in 1962, when it was also elevated to the status of cathedral. The building is known for its whitewashed exterior and twin spires at the west front. It also includes stained glass windows from Paris, depicting scenes from the Gospel.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: St John's Cathedral (in full, The Cathedral Church of St John the Evangelist) is the Anglican cathedral in Mthatha, South Africa. It is the seat of the Bishop of the Anglican Diocese of Mthatha.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The Very Reverend Godwin Birchenough (27 October 1880, Macclesfield, Cheshire – 3 March, 1953) was the only son of Walter Edwin Birchenough and was the grandson of John Birchenough, a prominent Macclesfield silk manufacturer. Godwin Birchenough, who was also a nephew of Sir Henry Birchenough, the President of the British South Africa Company, was educated at Rugby and Oriel College, Oxford. Birchenough was ordained in 1905 and was Vicar of Moor Allerton between 1913 and 1921. He became an honorary Canon of Chelmsford Cathedral in 1933 and in 1941 became Dean of Ripon Cathedral, becoming Dean Emeritus in 1951. An eminent author, he was also vice chairman of the Additional Curates Society between 1934 and 1944. Godwin Birchenough married Edith, daughter of Ernest Keay in 1912, he died on 3 March 1953.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Chelmsford Cathedral in the city of Chelmsford, Essex, England, is dedicated to St Mary the Virgin, St Peter and St Cedd. It became a cathedral when the Anglican Diocese of Chelmsford was created in 1914 and is the seat of the Bishop of Chelmsford.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The Very Rev Richard William Herrick (3 December 1913 - 5 May 1981) was an eminent Anglican priest in the 20th century. He was educated at King Edward VI School Retford and Leeds University and was initially a civil servant. He was ordained after a period of study at the College of the Resurrection, Mirfield in 1940. he held curacies at Duston and Portsea, Portsmouth before being appointed Vicar of St Michael’s, Northampton in 1947, a post he held for a decade. He was then a Canon Residentiary of Chelmsford Cathedral until 1978 when he was appointed Provost of Chelmsford. He died in post.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Gowing was educated at Fort Street High School and the University of Sydney; and ordained in 1907. He began his career as a Curate at The Oaks, New South Wales, after which he served at Armidale Cathedral. Coming to England he was on the staff of St James the Less, Bethnal Green then domestic chaplain to the Bishop of Chelmsford from 1914 to 1917. He was vicar of Prittlewell from 1917 until his death; an honorary canon of Chelmsford Cathedral from 1921 to 1938 and Rural Dean of Canewdon from 1918 to 1938. He was given the Freedom of the County Borough of Southend-on-Sea in 1953." ]

[ "Passage 7" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Wellstone Action is a 501(c)(4) progressive advocacy organization founded by Jeff Blodgett. Based in Minnesota, it trains community organizers, student activists, campaign staff, progressive candidates and elected officials. The organization is named after Paul Wellstone, a U.S. Senator who died in a plane crash along with his wife Sheila and daughter Marcia on October 25, 2002. After Wellstone's death, his surviving children and former campaign manager founded the group to carry on Wellstone's populist approach to progressive politics.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The New Canada is a Canadian political literature book written by Reform Party of Canada founder and leader Preston Manning and published by Macmillan Canada. The book explains the personal, religious, and political life of Preston Manning and explains the roots and beliefs of the Reform Party. At the time of its publishing in 1992, Reform had become a popular populist conservative party in Western Canada after the mainstream Progressive Conservative Party of Canada was collapsing in support and in 1991 decided to expand eastward into Ontario and the Maritimes. One year later the PC party collapsed in the 1993 federal election, allowing the Reform Party to make political history in Canada, deplacing the PCs as the dominant conservative party in Canada. Reform, later renamed the Canadian Alliance, merged with the PC Party in 2003, to form a united right-wing alternative to the governing Liberal Party of Canada, named the Conservative Party of Canada which has dropped many of the populist themes that the Reform Party had.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The Serbian Progressive Party (Serbian: Српска напредна странка, CHC / Srpska napredna stranka, SNS ) is a populist conservative political party in Serbia.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The Progressive Social Party (Portuguese: \"Partido Social Progressista\" , PSP) was a populist, conservative political party in Brazil between 1946 and 1965, led by Adhemar de Barros. The result of a merger between smaller parties, it was, in practice, the fourth largest party after the Social Democratic Party, the National Democratic Union and the Brazilian Labour Party in the 1947-1965 era. João Café Filho, the Vice President of Getúlio Vargas and later President after Vargas committed suicide. It was extremely strong in the State of São Paulo, under the leader of Adhemar de Barros, who held the office of Governor and Mayor of São Paulo during this period, besides being a candidate for president in 1960, winning over 20% of the vote. Like all parties of the 1947-1965 era, it was abolished by the military government.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The National Security Network (NSN) was a non-profit foreign policy organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, that focused on international relations, global affairs and national security. Characterizing itself as \"progressive,\" the NSN's mission statement asserts the group aimed to \"build a strong progressive national security and counter conservative spin.\"\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Henry Evans Howell, Jr. (September 5, 1920 – July 7, 1997), nicknamed \"Howlin' Henry\" Howell, was an American politician from the U.S. state of Virginia. A progressive populist and a member of the Democratic Party, he served in both houses of the Virginia General Assembly, was elected the 31st Lieutenant Governor of Virginia as an Independent Democrat, and made several runs for Governor.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The Reform Party of Canada (French: Parti réformiste du Canada ) was a right-wing populist<ref name=\"Bauman/Kahana\"> </ref> federal political party in Canada that existed from 1987 to 2000. Reform was founded as a Western Canada-based protest movement and eventually became a populist conservative party, with strong social conservative elements. It was initially motivated by the perceived need for democratic reforms and by profound Western Canadian discontent with the Progressive Conservative (PC) federal government of Brian Mulroney.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Fulgencio Batista y Zaldívar (] ; born Rubén Zaldívar; January 16, 1901 – August 6, 1973) was the elected President of Cuba from 1940 to 1944, and U.S.-backed dictator from 1952 to 1959, before being overthrown during the Cuban Revolution. Fulgencio Batista initially rose to power as part of the 1933 Revolt of the Sergeants that overthrew the provisional government of Carlos Manuel de Céspedes y Quesada. He then appointed himself chief of the armed forces, with the rank of colonel, and effectively controlled the five-member Presidency. He maintained this control through a string of puppet presidents until 1940, when he was himself elected President of Cuba on a populist platform. He then instated the 1940 Constitution of Cuba, considered progressive for its time, and served until 1944. After finishing his term he lived in Florida, returning to Cuba to run for president in 1952. Facing certain electoral defeat, he led a military coup that preempted the election." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The Norman invasion of Wales began shortly after the Norman conquest of England under William the Conqueror, who believed England to be his birthright. Initially (1067–1081), the invasion of Wales was not undertaken with the fervor and purpose of the invasion of England. However, a much stronger Norman invasion began in 1081 and by 1094 most of Wales was under the control of William's eldest son, King William II of England. The Welsh greatly disliked the \"gratuitously cruel\" Normans and by 1101 had regained control of the greater part of their country under the long reign of King Gruffudd ap Cynan, who had been imprisoned by the Normans for twelve years before his escape. Gruffudd had some indirect help from King Magnus III of Norway (Magnus Barefoot) who attacked the Normans briefly off the Isle of Anglesey in northwest Wales near Ynys Seiriol, killing Hugh of Montgomery, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury and leaving the Normans depleted and demoralized. Magnus went on to take the Orkney Islands, the Hebrides, and the Isle of Man, islands north of Wales and west and north of Scotland and England, in 1098.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Magnus III (Swedish: \"Magnus Birgersson/Magnus Ladulås\" ; 1240 – 18 December 1290) was King of Sweden from 1275 until his death in 1290.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Tora Magnusdatter (\"Þóra Magnúsdóttir\") (born c. 1100) was a daughter of King Magnus III of Norway (\"Magnus 3 Olavsson Berrføtt\").\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The Battle of Hova was fought in Hova, Sweden on 14 June 1275 between peasants commanded by Valdemar of Sweden and Danish cavalry commanded by Magnus III of Sweden and his brother Erik. The result was that Valdemar had to flee to Norway and Magnus became king of Sweden as Magnus III. It was a part of the war against Valdemar Birgersson which was a conflict between Magnus III of Sweden and Valdemar Birgersson. Magnus was supported by the Danish crown with at least a 100 men (source is unsure).\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Magnus Olafsson (Old Norse: \"Magnús Óláfsson\", Norwegian: \"Magnus Olavsson\"; 1073 – 24 August 1103), better known as Magnus Barefoot (Old Norse: \"Magnús berfœttr\", Norwegian: \"Magnus Berrføtt\"), was King of Norway (as Magnus III) from 1093 until his death in 1103. His reign was marked by aggressive military campaigns and conquest, particularly in the Norse-dominated parts of the British Isles and Ireland, where he extended his rule to the Kingdom of the Isles and Dublin.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Antonia Baronin Pilars de Pilar, née \"Antonia Gabriele Marie Josefa Huberta Elisabeth Maximiliane Freiin von Oer-Egelborg\" (*10 April 1872 in Birstein; † 7 February 1946 in Störmede) was from 1894 to 1898 court lady of the duchess Marie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin née Princess Marie of Windisch-Graetz and from 1911 to 1944 courtlady of Marie's daughter, the Duchess Marie Antoinette of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Antonia married Polish poet Ladislaus Baron Pilars de Pilar. They had 3 Children: Eduard (1899–1971), Antoinette (1901–1989) and Gabriel (1904–1978). Antonia was the daughter of Friedrich Freiherr von Oer-Egelborg (1842–1896), chamberlain of Charles II. prince of Isenburg and Gabriele née Countess Khuen von Belasi (1841–1923). Her son Gabriel married in 1935 Anna, Countess von Stubenberg.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Loftur Sæmundsson (died 1163 ) was a chieftain of Oddi at Rangárvellir in the south part of Iceland. He was a member of the Oddaverjar family clan and was the son of Sæmundur fróði who had established a school at Oddi. He was married to Tora Magnusdatter (\"Þóra Magnúsdóttir\"), daughter of king Magnus III of Norway (\"Magnus Berrføtt\"). Loftur was the father of Jón Loftsson (\"Jon Loptsson\") who adopted Snorri Sturluson.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: France–United Kingdom relations are the relations between the governments of the French Republic and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK). The historical ties between the two countries are long and complex, including conquest, wars, and alliances at various points in history. The Roman era saw both areas, except Scotland and Northern Ireland, conquered by Rome, whose fortifications exist in both countries to this day, and whose writing system introduced a common alphabet to both areas; however, the language barrier remained. The Norman conquest of England in 1066 decisively shaped English history, as well as the English language. In the medieval period, the countries were often bitter enemies, with both nations' monarchs claiming control over France. The Hundred Years' War stretched from 1337 to 1453 resulting in French victory. Britain and France fought a series of five major wars , culminating in the Coalition victory over Napoleon in 1815. After that there were some tensions, but peace generally prevailed and as the 19th century progressed, the relationship became better. Closer ties between the two began with the 1904 Entente cordiale, particularly via the alliances in World War I and World War II, wherein both countries fought against Germany, and in the latter conflict British armies helped to liberate occupied France from the Nazis. Both nations opposed the Soviet Union during the Cold War and were founding members of NATO. In recent years the two countries have experienced a quite close relationship, especially on defence and foreign policy issues; the two countries tend, however, to disagree on a range of other matters, most notably the European Union. The British press relishes the chance to refer to France and Britain as \"historic rivals\" or emphasize the perceived ever-lasting competition that still opposes the two countries." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Ghost in the Shell: The New Movie (Japanese: 攻殻機動隊 新劇場版 , Hepburn: Kōkaku Kidōtai: Shin Gekijōban , lit. \"Mobile Armored Riot Police: The New Theatrical Edition\") , also known as Ghost in the Shell: Arise − The Movie or New Ghost in the Shell, is a 2015 Japanese animated science fiction action spy thriller film directed by Kazuya Nomura. A continuation of the \"\" story arc, \"The New Movie\" is the latest film in the series produced by Japanese studio Production I.G., and the first feature since \"\" in 2006. The film is a continuation to the plot of the \"Pyrophoric Cult\" episode of \"Arise\", and ties up loose ends from that arc.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Jo Sung-hee (born February 3, 1979) is a South Korean film director. He directed the box office hit \"A Werewolf Boy\" (2012).\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Park Bo-young (born February 12, 1990) is a South Korean actress. She is best known for her roles in the hit films \"Scandal Makers\" (2008) and \"A Werewolf Boy\" (2012), and the television series \"Oh My Ghostess\" (2015) and \"Strong Woman Do Bong-soon\" (2017).\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Munna Mange Memsaab (Hindi: मुन्ना मांगे मेमसाब) is an upcoming movie scheduled to release on 11 July 2014. The film stars Omkar Das Manikpuri of Peepli Live fame amongst others.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Yoo Yeon-seok (born Ahn Yeon-seok on April 11, 1984) is a South Korean actor. After making his acting debut in 2003 with a small role in \"Oldboy\", he resumed his acting career in 2008. His notable works include the films \"Re-encounter\" (2011), \"Architecture 101\" (2012), \"A Werewolf Boy\" (2012) and \"Whistle Blower\" (2014), \"Perfect Proposal\" (2015), \"Mood of the Day\" (2016) as well as the television series \"Gu Family Book\" (2013), \"Reply 1994\" (2013), \"Warm and Cozy\" (2015) and \"Romantic Doctor, Teacher Kim\" (2016).\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Your Wedding () is an upcoming romantic drama South Korean film that depicts the 10-year love and friendship of two people from teenage to adulthood. It is written and directed by Lee Seok-geun and starring Park Bo-young and Kim Young-kwang. The film is scheduled to be released in 2018.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Truman \"Big Dog\" Spain (January 10, 1913 – February 12, 1968) was an American football player who was selected as an All-American at the tackles position for the 1935 National Champion Southern Methodist University Mustangs. At the end of the 1935 season, Spain was selected as a first-team All-American by Grantland Rice for \"Collier's Weekly\" and by a board of coaches for Pathé News. He was also selected as a second-team All-American by the Associated Press and in a consensus All-American team. The 1935 SMU team had 12–0 record, scoring 288 points while only giving up 39. The team was invited to play in the 1936 Rose Bowl, and Spain became the center of attention in the newspapers' coverage of the game. Much of the coverage focused on Spain's good looks and indications that Spain would be signed by Hollywood as a movie star. One syndicated feature article compared Spain to Clark Gable under the headline: \"IF MOVIE COLONY GRABS OFF ONE OF MUSTANGS, IT LIKELY WILL BE CLARK GABLE SPAIN.\" The article noted that Spain was \"all man\" and reported on the reaction of co-eds to his \"rumba king\" good looks:\"If it's a new movie idol California desires out of the Rose Bowl classic New Year's between the Southern Methodist Mustangs and the Redmen of Stanford, the No. 1 nominee of the galloping Ponies Is Truman Spain giant all-American tackle. This Spain fellow, young ladies, is definitely of the Latin type except that instead of being sleek he is as hard as ship's steel and as torrid as a foundry furnace. He is tall, very bronzed and handsome enough. His smile dashes from white and very even teeth and according to campus co-eds, he is a 'honey.' He has straight black hair, which like Clark Gables, klnda' likes to fall down over his forehead. ... No mere man could use the correct expression, but a co-ed said: 'His large, black eyes burn into you and make you feel that something is going to happen.'\"\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: La Noche de Walpurgis (Walpurgis Night, released in the United States as The Werewolf vs. The Vampire Woman, and in the UK as Shadow of the Werewolf [theatrical] and Werewolf Shadow [video]), is a 1970 Spanish horror film starring Paul Naschy, the fifth in a series about the werewolf Waldemar Daninsky. This film was directed by León Klimovsky and written by Naschy and Hans Munkel, and is generally regarded to have kickstarted the Spanish horror film boom of the Seventies, due to its awesome box office success upon its release. Patty Shepard was so convincing as the vampiric Countess, it was thought at the time that she might replace actress Barbara Steele as Europe's reigning horror queen. Klimovsky filmed many of the scenes in slow motion, to add to the otherworldliness of the film. <br>\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Song Joong-ki (; born September 19, 1985) is a South Korean actor. He rose to fame in the historical drama \"Sungkyunkwan Scandal\" (2010) and the variety show \"Running Man\" as one of the original cast members when it premiered in 2010. Song played his first TV leading role in the melodrama \"The Innocent Man\" (2012). He has also starred in feature films, notably as the title character in the box office hit \"A Werewolf Boy\" (2012).\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: A Werewolf Boy (; lit. \"Wolf Boy\") is a 2012 South Korean fantasy romance film in which a beautiful teenage girl (Park Bo-young) is sent to a country house for her health, where she befriends and attempts to civilize a feral boy (Song Joong-ki) she discovers on the grounds — but the beast inside him is constantly waiting to burst out." ]

[ "Passage 6", "Passage 3" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: The All-Palestine Protectorate, or simply All-Palestine, also known as Gaza Protectorate and Gaza Strip, was a short-living client state with limited recognition, corresponding to the area of modern Gaza Strip, which was captured by the Kingdom of Egypt during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War and allowed to run as a protectorate under All-Palestine Government. The Protectorate was declared on September 1948 in the Gaza city and All-Palestine Government was formed. The Prime Minister of the Gaza-seated administration was Ahmed Hilmi Pasha, and the President was Hajj Amin al-Husseini, former chairman of the Arab Higher Committee. In December 1948, just three months after declaration, the All-Palestine Government was relocated to Cairo and was never allowed to return to Gaza, making it a government in exile. With further resolution of the Arab League to put Gaza Strip under official protectorate of Egypt, All-Palestine Government was gradually stripped of authority, until it was finally dissolved in 1959, being legally merged into the United Arab Republic, but de facto turning Gaza into military occupation area of Egypt.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The Governorates of the Gaza Strip are 5 administrative districts, ruled since 2007 by the Hamas Government in Gaza. After the signing of the Oslo Accords in 1993, the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip were divided into three areas (Area A, Area B, and Area C) and 16 governorates under the jurisdiction of the Palestinian National Authority. In 2005, Israel withdrew from the Gaza Strip, enlarging the administered Palestinian territories in that region. In 2007, following the War of Brothers in the Gaza Strip between Fatah and Hamas, the later took over the area and expelled all Palestinian Authority officials, affiliated with Fatah.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Islamism in the Gaza Strip involves efforts to promote and impose Islamic laws and traditions in the Gaza Strip. The influence of Islamic groups in the Gaza Strip has grown since the 1980s. Following Hamas' victory in the 2006 Palestinian elections and a conflict with supporters of the rival Fatah party, Hamas took complete control of the Gaza Strip, and declared the \"end of secularism and heresy in the Gaza Strip\". For the first time since the Sudanese coup of 1989 that brought Omar al-Bashir to power, a Muslim Brotherhood group ruled a significant geographic territory. Gaza human-rights groups accuse Hamas of restricting many freedoms in the course of these attempts.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The blockade of the Gaza Strip refers to a land, air, and sea blockade on the Gaza Strip by Israel and Egypt from 2007 to present. After the 2005 disengagement from the Gaza Strip by Israel, in 2006, Hamas won the Palestinian legislative election, triggering the 2006–07 economic sanctions against the Palestinian National Authority by Israel and the Quartet on the Middle East after Hamas refused to quit violence, respect previous agreements and recognize Israel. In March 2007, Hamas and Fatah formed a Palestinian authority national unity government headed by Ismail Haniya. Shortly after, in June, Hamas took control of the Gaza Strip in the course of the Battle of Gaza, seizing government institutions and replacing Fatah and other government officials with its own. Following the takeover, Egypt and Israel largely sealed their border crossings with Gaza, on the grounds that Fatah had fled and was no longer providing security on the Palestinian side.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Israel ( ; Hebrew: יִשְׂרָאֵל‎ , Arabic: إِسْرَائِيل‎ ‎ ), officially the State of Israel (Hebrew: מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל‎ , Arabic: دَوْلَة إِسْرَائِيل‎ ‎ ), is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea. It has land borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan on the east, the Palestinian territories of the West Bank and Gaza Strip to the east and west, respectively, and Egypt to the southwest. The country contains geographically diverse features within its relatively small area. Israel's economy and technology center is Tel Aviv, while its seat of government and proclaimed capital is Jerusalem, although the state's sovereignty over East Jerusalem is not recognised internationally.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The Israel−Gaza security barrier is a border barrier first constructed by Israel in 1994 between the Gaza Strip and Israel. The barrier runs along the entire land border of the Gaza Strip. Entry into the Gaza Strip by land is through five crossing points: the northern Erez Crossing into Israel, the southern Rafah Crossing into Egypt, the eastern Karni Crossing used only for cargo, and the other cargo crossing points, the Kerem Shalom Crossing on the border with Egypt and the Sufa Crossing farther north.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: The Palestinian government of June 2007 by Ismail Haniyye was formed in the Gaza Strip, following an intensive inter-factional Palestinian warfare in the Gaza Strip, in which Fatah was ousted by Hamas party. While another alternative Fatah-led Palestinian government was formed in the West Bank and widely recognized as the representative government of the Palestinian National Authority, it is viewed by Hamas and some other elelements as illegitimate and unconstitutional. President of the Palestinian Authority Mahmoud Abbas suspended certain articles from the Basic Law in order for the alternative West Bank based cabinet to be sworn in without the approval of the Palestinian Legislative Council, seated in Gaza Strip. Ismail Haniyeh considers the Fatah government in the West Bank illegitimate, and exercises de facto rule over the Gaza Strip, supported by the Palestinian Legislative Council, which is dominated by members of Hamas.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The Gaza Strip smuggling tunnels are passages that have been dug under the Philadelphi Corridor, a narrow strip of land, 14 km (8.699 miles) in length, situated along the border between Gaza Strip and Egypt. After the Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty of 1979, the town of Rafah, in the southern Gaza Strip, was split by this Corridor. One part is located in the southern part of Gaza, and\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Umec is a fictional Middle Eastern country appearing in DC Universe. Its name is an acronym, standing for \"unnamed middle eastern country\" per its co-creator Greg Rucka. In \"The Adventures of Superman\", it was occupied by U.S. military forces. Lois Lane was shot while embedded with the troops. Like the other fictional DC Middle Eastern countries - Qurac, Syraq, Kahndaq and Bialya - it is supposed to be on the Persian Gulf." ]

[ "Passage 5" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Ropalidia romandi, also known as the yellow brown paper wasp or the yellow paper wasp. is a species of paper wasp found in Northern and Eastern Australia. \"R. romandi \"is a swarm-founding wasp, and manages perennial nests. Its nests are known as 'paper bag nests' and have different architectural structures, depending on the substrates from which they are built. The specific name honors Gustave, baron de Romand, a prominent French political figure and amateur entomologist.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Rock City is a roadside attraction on Lookout Mountain in Lookout Mountain, Georgia, located near Ruby Falls. It is well known for the many barn advertisements throughout the Southeast and Midwest United States that have the slogan \"See Rock City\" painted on roofs and sides. Clark Byers painted over 900 barn roofs in nineteen states to advertise for Rock City from 1935 to 1969.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Stilwell was born and raised in Fremont, Ohio. When the Civil War broke out he joined the Union. When the conflict ended he returned to his hometown and got a job as a mechanical engineer. His hobby, which later turned into a future occupation, was the manufacturing of improved paper bag. During that time, paper and grocery bags already existed, but they were cumbersome to store and fold. Adding to it, they had a v-shaped bottom, which prevented them from standing still while someone is packing. On June 12, 1883 he got a grant on a patent to invent a machine that will manufacture a square-bottom bag, from the U.S. Patent Office. He named his invention \"S.O.S.\" or the Self-Opening Sack because of the bag's ability to remain standing and open without the person's assistance. His invention improved the paper bags for millions of people nationwide.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: George West House is a historic home located at Rock City Falls in Saratoga County, New York. It was built in 1866 for prominent industrialist and congressman George West, and is two story, wood framed hipped roof roofed residence in the Italian Villa style. It features a projecting full height entrance pavilion and an ornate, flat roofed entrance portico. It also has an enclosed, hip roofed belvedere with decorative finials situated at the center of the roof. Also on the property is a contributing carriage barn and corncrib.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: George West (February 17, 1823 – September 20, 1901) was an industrialist and a U.S. Representative from New York.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: ...at the moment of our most needing is the fourth album by Canadian indie rock band Rock Plaza Central, released May 28, 2009 on Paper Bag Records.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Shor was born in Cincinnati, Ohio on April 2nd, 1954. His father, S. David Shor had started the Covington, Kentucky-based paper bag manufacturing business,Duro Bag Manufacturing the year before Charles was born. At this point, the company had one location with only a handful of employees.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The Tallulah Gorge is a gorge formed by the Tallulah River cutting through the Tallulah Dome rock formation. The gorge is approximately 2 mi long and features rocky cliffs up to 1000 ft high. Through it, a series of falls known as Tallulah Falls drop a total of 150 m in one mile (1.6 km). Tallulah Falls is composed of six separate falls: l'Eau d'Or (46 ft ), Tempesta (76 ft ), Hurricane (the tallest at 96 ft ), Oceana (50 ft ), Bridal Veil (17 ft ), and Lovers Leap (16 ft ). The Tallulah Gorge is located next to the town of Tallulah Falls, Georgia. Tallulah Gorge State Park protects much of the gorge and its waterfalls. The gorge is one of the Seven Natural Wonders of Georgia.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: The City is the third album by Canadian indie rock group FemBots, released in 2005 on Paper Bag Records." ]

[ "Passage 5" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Jakaranda was a pop group consisting of Kenny Wong, Allison DiNonno, and Jacqueline \"Jackie\" Siebert which performed from 1997 to 1998. In the summer of 1998 Kenny Wong was replaced by Ronnie Davidson. The group was a part of Crave Records, a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment (Japan), which ceased operations in 1998. The group had moderate attention upon the release of the Disney remake \"The Parent Trap\", where their single \"Never Let You Go\" was featured. A similar version of \"Never Let You Go\" was made by Dario G, an English dance music group in 1997 titled \"Sunchyme.\" It reached No. 2 in the UK singles chart in 1997. The original theme for both these songs was taken from the 1985 song \"Life in a Northern Town\" by The Dream Academy.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Tom Cruise is an American actor and producer who made his film debut with a minor role in the 1981 romantic drama \"Endless Love\". Two years later he made his breakthrough by starring in the romantic comedy \"Risky Business\" (1983), which garnered Cruise his first nomination for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy. In 1986, Cruise played a fighter pilot in the Tony Scott-directed action drama \"Top Gun\" (the highest-grossing film that year), and also starred opposite Paul Newman in the Martin Scorsese-directed drama \"The Color of Money\". Two years later he played opposite Dustin Hoffman in the Academy Award for Best Picture-winning drama \"Rain Man\" (1988), and also appeared in the Golden Raspberry Award for Worst Picture-winning romantic drama \"Cocktail\" (1988). In doing so Cruise became the first and only person as of 2014 to star in a Best Picture Oscar winner and a Worst Picture Razzie winner in the same year. His next role was as anti-war activist Ron Kovic in the drama adaptation of Kovic's memoir of the same name, \"Born on the Fourth of July\" (1989). For his performance Cruise received the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama and his first nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Hallie Meyers-Shyer (born July 26, 1987, in Los Angeles, California) is an American film actress, director and writer. She is the youngest daughter of writer/directors Nancy Meyers and Charles Shyer, and has appeared in six of her parents' films: \"Father of the Bride\", \"I Love Trouble\", \"Father of the Bride Part II\", \"The Parent Trap\", \"What Women Want\", and \"The Affair of the Necklace\". Her older sister Annie has also made film appearances; the twin characters in \"The Parent Trap\" were named after Hallie and Annie.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: The Parent Trap is a 1961 Walt Disney Technicolor film. It stars Hayley Mills, Maureen O'Hara and Brian Keith in a story about teenage twins on a quest to reunite their divorced parents. The screenplay by the film's director David Swift was based upon the 1949 book \"Lottie and Lisa\" (German: \"Das Doppelte Lottchen\" ) by Erich Kästner. \"The Parent Trap\" was nominated for two Academy Awards, was broadcast on television, saw three television sequels, was remade in 1998 with Lindsay Lohan, and has been released on digital stereo LaserDisc format in 1986 as well as VHS and DVD in 2000. The original film was Mills' second of six films for Disney.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Lindsay Lohan is an American actress and singer-songwriter who began her acting career as a child actor in the late-1990s. At age 11, Lohan made her motion picture debut in Disney's commercially and critically successful 1998 remake of \"The Parent Trap\". She continued her acting career by appearing in a number of Disney films, including \"Life-Size\" (2000), \"Get a Clue\" (2002), \"Freaky Friday\" (2003), \"Confessions of a Teenage Drama Queen\" (2004) and \"\" (2005), along with her first non-Disney film \"Mean Girls\" (2004), which became a massive success by grossing over $129 million and later becoming a cult classic film. Lohan also did smaller, more mature roles in independent movies, receiving positive reviews on her acting, including Robert Altman's \"A Prairie Home Companion\" (2005), Emilio Estevez's \"Bobby\" (2006) and Jarrett Schaefer's \"Chapter 27\" (2007). Between 2006 and 2007, Lohan continued her career by starring in films like \"Just My Luck\" (2006), \"Georgia Rule\" (2007), and \"I Know Who Killed Me\" (2007). Lohan's career had faced many interruptions from legal and personal troubles during the mid to late 2000s and 2010s, but she has still been able to appear in 26 films (including 6 as a personality), 12 television appearances, 1 play and 5 music videos.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Katherine Elaine Hendrix (born December 28, 1970) is an American actress, model, producer, singer, dancer, and activist. She is best known for her roles in the 1998 remake of \"The Parent Trap\", \"Inspector Gadget 2\", and the 2004 documentary \"What the Bleep Do We Know!? \"\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Parent Trap III is a 1989 American made-for-television comedy film and a sequel to \"The Parent Trap II\" (1986) and the third installment in \"The Parent Trap\" series. It originally aired in two parts on \"The Magical World of Disney\" on April 9 and 16, 1989.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Liz & Dick is a 2012 biographical television film chronicling the relationship of Elizabeth Taylor and Richard Burton. It was directed by Lloyd Kramer, written by Christopher Monger, and produced by Larry A. Thompson. The film stars Lindsay Lohan as Taylor and Grant Bowler as Burton. It premiered on Lifetime on November 25, 2012.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: The Parent Trap II is a 1986 American made-for-television comedy film and a sequel to Disney's 1961 classic \"The Parent Trap\" and the second installment in \"The Parent Trap\" series. It premiered on Disney Channel on July 26, 1986 as a part of the channel's \"Sunday Night Movie\"." ]

[ "Passage 8" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Michael Alston is an Australian disabled fencer. He competed in the 1998 FESPIC Games and won a silver team medal. At the 1998 Stoke Mandeville Games, he won a gold medal in the foil event. That same year, he also competed at the DEFI Sport Event held in Canada. He won a silver medal in the épée event and a bronze medal in the sabre event. He was supported by the Blacktown City Council and was coached by Sally Kopiec.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The 1981 European Women Basketball Championship, commonly called EuroBasket Women 1981, was the 18th regional championship held by FIBA Europe. The competition was held in Italy and took place from 13 September to 20 September 1981. won the gold medal and the silver medal while won the bronze.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Reima Juhani Karppinen (born 27 January 1958) is a retired Finnish rower who specialized in the double sculls. In this event, he won a silver medal at the 1981 World Rowing Championships, together with his legendary brother Pertti. He competed at the 1984, 1988 and 1992 Summer Olympics, with other partners, and finished in 8th, 12th and 13th place, respectively.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Igor Novikov (Russian: И́горь Алекса́ндрович Но́виков , 19 October 1929 – 30 August 2007) was a Soviet modern pentathlete and Olympic Champion. He competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, where he won a gold medal in the team competition (together with Aleksandr Tarasov and Ivan Deryugin. He won a silver medal at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, and he competed at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, where he won a gold medal in the team competition (together with Albert Mokeyev and Viktor Mineyev), and a silver medal in the individual competition.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Paul John Lake, OAM (born 6 June 1970) is an Australian Paralympic cyclist. He was born in Melbourne. He won a silver medal at the 1996 Atlanta Games in the Mixed Omnium LC2 event. At the 2000 Sydney Games, he won a gold medal in the Mixed Team Olympic Sprint LC1–3 event, for which he received a Medal of the Order of Australia, a silver medal in the Mixed Individual Pursuit LC2 event, and a bronze medal in the Mixed 1 km Time Trial LC2 event. He was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder in 1995 and 1997.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Vivian Jepkemoi Cheruiyot (born 11 September 1983) is a Kenyan long-distance runner who specialises in track and cross country running, olympic champion in 5000 metres event. She represented Kenya at the 2000 Summer Olympics, the 2008 Summer Olympics, the 2012 Summer Olympics and the 2016 Summer Olympics, winning a silver medal at the 5000 m and bronze medal at the 10000 m at the 2012 Olympics, silver medal at the 10000 m and gold medal at the 5000 m at the 2016 Olympics, setting the new Olympic record in 5000 m event. Cheruiyot won a silver medal in the 5000 metres at the 2007 World Championships in Athletics and became the world champion in the event at the 2009 edition, repeating this achievement at the 2011 World Championships, where she doubled up by winning the 10000 m.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Andreas Birnbacher (born 11 September 1981) is a former German biathlete. His biggest successes were the silver medal in the mass start event at the 2007 World Championships and the gold medal in the mixed relay at the 2008 World Championships. He also won the bronze medal at the 2012 world championships in Ruhpolding when he was part of the German teams that finished third in the mixed relay and the men's relay.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Brigitte Totschnig (later \"Habersatter\", born 30 August 1954) is a retired Austrian alpine skier. She competed at the 1972 and 1976 Winter Olympics and won a silver medal in the downhill in 1976. Totschnig finished seventh in the downhill at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1978. Between 1975 and 1977 she had seven victories and 13 podiums at the World Cup, 11 of them in downhill; her best overall placement was fourth in the 1976–77 season. She retired after the 1977–1978 season, in which she won national titles in the downhill and combined. In 1978 she built the Aparthotel Olympia in Filzmoos and ran it since then. Totschnig was named Austrian Sportswoman of the Year in 1976 and in 1996 was awarded a silver medal for services to Austria. Her father-in-law, Walter Habersatter, competed for Austria in ski jumping.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: John Lindsay, OAM (born 29 January 1970) is an Australian Paralympic athlete from Melbourne. He competed in the 1988 Seoul games in distances ranging from 100 m to 800 m, but did not win any medals. At the 1992 Barcelona Games, he won a gold medal in the Men's 200 m TW3 event, for which he received a Medal of the Order of Australia, a silver medal in the Men's 100 m TW3 event and a bronze medal in the Men's 400 m TW3 event. That year, he had a Victorian Institute of Sport scholarship. He was also working as a fitness instructor in 1992, held world records in the 100 m and 200 m events, and was ranked 6th in the world in the 400 m. He won a gold medal in the men's athletics 100 m T52 event at the 1996 Summer Paralympics with a time of 15.22, a silver medal in the 200 m T52 event with a time of 27.38, and a bronze medal in the 400 m T52 event with a time of 52.93. At the 2000 Sydney Games, he won a gold medal in the Men's 100 m T53 event, a silver medal as part of the Men's 4x100 m Relay T54 team, and a bronze medal in the Men's 200 m T53 event; he was also part of the Men's 4x400 m Relay T54 team, which was the only one to qualify in its heat, but it did not make it to the finals. At the 2004 Athens Games, he came seventh in the first round of the Men's 100 m T53 event and sixth in the third round of the Men's 200 m T53 event. He was an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder in 1995 and 2000." ]

[ "Passage 3" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Robin Weaver is an English actress well known for playing the role of recurring character Pamela Cooper in the E4 sitcom \"The Inbetweeners\" and its feature-length films, \"The Inbetweeners Movie\" and \"The Inbetweeners 2\". She has also appeared in several TV commercials.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: The Inbetweeners is a British coming of age sitcom television series originally aired on E4 from 2008–2010, created and written by Damon Beesley and Iain Morris. The series followed the misadventures of suburban teenager Will (Simon Bird) and his friends Simon (Joe Thomas), Neil (Blake Harrison), and Jay (James Buckley) at the fictional Rudge Park Comprehensive. The episodes involved situations of school life, uncaring school staff, friendship, male bonding, and largely failed sexual encounters.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The Inbetweeners is an American comedy television series developed by Brad Copeland for MTV. The show stars Joey Pollari, Bubba Lewis, Mark L. Young, Zack Pearlman, Alex Frnka and Brett Gelman. The show is a remake of the original UK series of the same name written and created by Damon Beesley and Iain Morris, who serve as executive producers alongside Copeland, Aaron Kaplan and Lauren Corra. The show premiered on MTV on August 20, 2012. On November 28, 2012, MTV decided to cancel the show due to low ratings.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Damon Beesley (born 1971) is an English writer and television producer, best known for his work on British comedy \"The Inbetweeners\" and New Zealand comedy \"Flight of the Conchords\". He often works alongside his writing partner Iain Morris.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Drifters is a British sitcom that stars Jessica Knappett, Lydia Rose Bewley and Lauren O'Rourke as three female friends who live in Leeds following their graduation from university. All three actresses had previously appeared together in \"The Inbetweeners Movie\". Four series were broadcast, between 2013 and 2016.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: The Inbetweeners 2 is a 2014 British comedy film and sequel to \"The Inbetweeners Movie\" (2011), which is based on the E4 sitcom \"The Inbetweeners\". It was written and directed by series creators Damon Beesley and Iain Morris.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: \"The Inbetweeners\" is a BAFTA Award-winning British sitcom created by Damon Beesley and Iain Morris, and broadcast on E4. The series follows the lives of four sixth form students – Will McKenzie (Simon Bird), Simon Cooper (Joe Thomas), Jay Cartwright (James Buckley) and Neil Sutherland (Blake Harrison). The series is narrated by Will, who acts as the programme's lead character.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Iain Morris (born 6 August 1973) is an English writer. Morris is best known for creating \"The Inbetweeners\" with his writing partner Damon Beesley and co-hosting a show on London radio station XFM with stand-up comedian Jimmy Carr. He featured in the \"Iron\" and \"Music\" episodes of cult spoof TV show \"Look Around You\", as well as on Jimmy Carr's second live DVD, as a panelist on a feature named \"Comedy Idol\". He was educated at Hampton School & studied theology at the University of Bristol." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Pusher is a 1996 Danish crime drama co-written and directed by Nicolas Winding Refn, in his film debut. A commercial success considered highly influential in Danish film history, it helped launching Winding Refn's and actor Mads Mikkelsen's careers.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Bleeder is a 1999 Danish crime drama film written, produced, and directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. The film was successful in Denmark, but did not live up to the success of Refn's previous film \"Pusher\".\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Space Rocket Nation is a Danish film production company founded in 2008 by producer Lene Børglum and director Nicolas Winding Refn after their collaboration on Refn's film \"Valhalla Rising\".\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Bold Films is an American independent film production and finance company. Bold was founded in 2004 with the mission of producing talent-driven, studio-quality films, which have worldwide commercial appeal. Bold's first three films were \"Slingshot\", \"Come Early Morning\" and \"Mini's First Time\". In 2006 the company had its first hit, producing and financing the Golden Globe-nominated period piece \"Bobby\", written and directed by Emilio Estevez. In 2009 Bold produced and released Joe Dante's 3D thriller \"The Hole\", which Roger Ebert called the best use of 3D ever. In 2010 Bold had its first major studio film \"Legion\", which was co-financed and released by Screen Gems, a division of Sony Pictures Entertainment. In 2011 Bold co-produced and co-financed with OddLot Entertainment the critically acclaimed \"Drive\" starring Ryan Gosling and Carey Mulligan, for which director Nicolas Winding Refn won the Best Director Award at the Cannes Film Festival while also receiving accolades from the BAFTA Awards, The Golden Globes and Academy Awards. In 2014 the company garnered worldwide recognition for producing and financing the critically acclaimed films \"Nightcrawler\" starring Jake Gyllenhaal, and \"Whiplash\" with Blumhouse Productions, which received five Academy Award nominations, including Best Picture. Other awards nominations for the film include the Spirit Awards, PGA Awards, SAG Awards, and WGA Awards.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Fear X is a 2003 psychological thriller film directed by Nicolas Winding Refn. The first film to be produced from one of Hubert Selby Jr.'s original screenplays, its eventual box-office failure would force Refn's film company \"Jang Go Star\" into bankruptcy. Refn's financial recovery was documented in the 2006 documentary The Gambler.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Valhalla Rising is a 2009 English-language Danish adventure drama film directed by Nicolas Winding Refn, co-written by Refn and Roy Jacobsen, and starring Mads Mikkelsen. The film takes place around the year 1096 AD and follows a Norse warrior named One-Eye and a boy as they travel with a band of Christian Crusaders by ship in the hopes of finding the Holy Land. Instead, they find themselves in an unknown land (actually North America) where they are assailed by unseen forces and dark visions.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Nicolas Winding Refn (] ; born 29 September 1970) is a Danish film director, screenwriter and producer. He is known for directing the crime dramas \"Bleeder\" (1999) and the \"Pusher\" films (1996-2005), the fictionalised biographical film \"Bronson\" (2008), the dramatic adventure film \"Valhalla Rising\" (2009), the neo-noir crime film \"Drive\" (2011), the thriller \"Only God Forgives\" (2013), and the psychological horror film \"The Neon Demon\" (2016). In 2008, Refn co-founded the Copenhagen-based production company Space Rocket Nation.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: The Neon Demon is a 2016 psychological horror film directed by Nicolas Winding Refn, co-written by Mary Laws, Polly Stenham, and Refn, and starring Elle Fanning. The plot follows an aspiring model in Los Angeles whose beauty and youth generate intense fascination and jealousy within the industry. Supporting roles are played by Karl Glusman, Jena Malone, Bella Heathcote, Abbey Lee, Desmond Harrington, Christina Hendricks, and Keanu Reeves." ]

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[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Yuen Biao (born 26 July 1957) is a Hong Kong actor and martial artist. He specialises in acrobatics and Chinese martial arts and has worked on over 80 films as actor, stuntman and action choreographer. Along with Peking Opera School \"brothers\" at the \"China Drama Academy\", Sammo Hung and Jackie Chan, he was one of the Seven Little Fortunes.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Street Fighter: Assassin's Fist, known in Japan as Street Fighter: Ansatsuken (Japanese: ストリートファイター 暗殺拳 , Hepburn: Sutorīto Faitā Ansatsuken ) is a British live-action web series, TV series and feature film in the martial arts film genre developed by director, fight choreographer, writer, actor and martial artist Joey Ansah and actor, writer and martial artist Christian Howard. Based on the popular video game series by Capcom, \"Street Fighter\", the story focuses on Ryu and Ken as they uncover the past of their master, Gouken, and learn the secrets of their Dark Art, Ansatsuken.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Moses Powell (1941–2005), also known as Master Musa Muhammad, was an American pioneer of martial arts in the United States. He was born in Norfolk Virginia. He held the rank of 10th degree black belt, and was famous for his one finger forward roll. Moses Powell was the first martial artist invited to perform a demonstration in front of the United Nations. One of the first African Americans to instruct the DEA, FBI, and the Secret Service in martial arts. He was also a featured demonstrator New York's World Fair in 1965. Notable for being a black martial artist (of minority ethnicity in the United States), he served as an instructor to movie star Wesley Snipes. He appeared in the documentary, the Warrior Within. , along with Chuck Norris. He was also the founder of the Sanuces Ryu Jujutsu system. Additionally, he never co-signed any other systems.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Ashton Chen Xiaolong (born 6 January 1988 in Dengfeng, Zhengzhou, Henan), also known by his stage name Shi Xiaolong (\"Sik Siu-Lung\" in Cantonese), is a Chinese actor and martial artist. He is also credited as Xiaolung, Tommy Sik, Shi Xiao-Lung, Shi Xiao-Long, Shi Shao-Long, Shieh Shiao-Long, Xi Xiao-Long, Sik Siu-Loong, and S. L. Sik on some of his films. He has been a disciple of Shi Yongxin, the current abbot of Shaolin Temple, since he was two years old. Originally named \"Chen Xiaolong\", Chen was given a dharma name—Shi Xiaolong—by the abbot. He was taught martial arts by his father and Shi Yongxin at a young age. He gained attention in the entertainment industry after his performance at the International Shaolin Kung Fu Festival in Zhengzhou at the age of four. He became a child actor in China and achieved great success in films such as the 1994 martial arts comedy \"\" (新乌龙院). In 2003, he stopped acting and went to study in the United States. In 2005, he returned to China and starred as Zhan Zhao in the television series \"Young Justice Bao III\". In 2007, he continued his studies in the United States and graduated from high school in 2008 from the prestigious Performing Children's School (PCS) in New York City. He has continued his acting career in China since then. In 2010, Chen played one of Ip Man's students in the martial arts film \"Ip Man 2\".\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Lee Hasdell (born 13 December 1966) is a British martial artist, promoter and former professional kickboxer and mixed martial artist. Hasdell is considered by many as a true pioneer of UK mixed martial arts, as he was the main driving force and innovator in the 1990s. Hasdell promoted the first professional Mixed martial arts events in the United Kingdom and has helped develop many of the standards within the British MMA scene of today.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Jan C. Childress (born July 7, 1954) is an American comic book writer, martial artist, financial professional, and former Congressional speechwriter (for Fred Richmond). As a comic book professional, he is best known for writing The Good Guys (comics) with his mentor, Jim Shooter for Defiant Comics and co-creating the mixed martial arts entertainment property with his son Jan Lucanus for Creative Impulse Entertainment. As a martial artist, he is world-ranked with several national medals and titles from the International Chinese Martial Arts Competition (ICMAC), as well as twice winning the bronze medal at the Tai Chi World Cup in Taiwan (2004 & 2010). Mr. Childress also served as the Vice-President of Investor Relations at KeySpan Corporation, and is currently the Director of Investor Relations for Consolidated Edison.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Ken Zheng (born April 5, 1995) is an Indonesian actor, screenwriter and martial artist. He began his career as a martial artist at a young age, and has since starred in \"Brush with Danger\" (2014) and an untitled action thriller (projected to be released in 2017) starring Tony Todd, John Savage, Keith David, Madeline Zima, Sean Patrick Flanery, and directed by his sister Livi Zheng.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Team Lakay, is a martial arts group based in Baguio City, Philippines. Officially named Lakay MMA Top Team, it is also known as Lakay Wushu or Lakay MMA. The group was founded in 2003 by mixed martial artist Marquez Sangiao. Sangiao was also head coach of the Cordillera chapter in Baguio for Wushu, and a seasoned martial artist with past experience in kickboxing, taekwondo, and Jiu-Jitsu as well as a martial arts instructor at the Philippine Military Academy (PMA) and a coach for Wushu at the University of the Cordilleras in Baguio City.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Mohammed Shahid (born July 8, 1989) is an entrepreneur and a mixed martial artist from Bahrain. He is the CEO of KHK MMA and the President of the Bahrain based mixed martial arts organisation, Brave Combat Federation owned and supported by His Highness Sheikh Khalid bin Hamad Al Khalifa. Mohammed Shahid was the first mixed martial artist from Bahrain to compete in global MMA events. He was assigned a managerial role to develop mixed martial arts in Bahrain as the CEO of KHK MMA. Bahrain established a national team alongside bringing global talent to facilitate the growth of MMA in Bahrain." ]

[ "Passage 1" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham... (English: \"Sometimes there's Happiness, Sometimes there's Sorrow\"), also known as K3G, is a 2001 Indian family drama film written and directed by Karan Johar and produced by Yash Johar. The film stars Amitabh Bachchan, Jaya Bachchan, Shah Rukh Khan, Kajol, Hrithik Roshan and Kareena Kapoor in leading roles, with Rani Mukerji appearing in an extended cameo appearance. The music was composed by Jatin Lalit, Sandesh Shandilya and Aadesh Shrivastava, with lyrics penned by Sameer and Anil Pandey. The background score was composed by Babloo Chakravarty. The film tells the story of an Indian family, which faces troubles and misunderstandings over their adopted son's marriage to a girl belonging to a lower socio-economic group than them.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Kal Ho Naa Ho (English: \"Tomorrow May Never Come\"), abbreviated as KHNH, is a 2003 Indian romantic drama, directed by debutant director Nikkhil Advani. The film was written by Niranjan Iyengar and Karan Johar and produced by Yash Johar and Karan Johar under their Dharma Productions banner. The soundtrack for the film was composed by Shankar-Ehsaan-Loy, with lyrics written by Javed Akhtar.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Agneepath (English: \"The Path of Fire\" ) is a 2012 Indian action drama film produced by Hiroo Yash Johar and Karan Johar under the banner of Dharma Productions. It is a retelling of the 1990 film of the same name and was directed by Johar's former assistant Karan Malhotra. The screenplay was written by Malhotra along with Ila Dutta Bedi. Johar pays tribute to his father, Yash Johar, the producer of the original, through the film. The music of the film was composed by Ajay-Atul, with lyrics written by Amitabh Bhattacharya. Though publicised as a remake, the film borrows only the basic plot of the original, while making the characters and incidents completely different. The film's title was taken from a poem of the same name by Harivansh Rai Bachchan, which forms a thematic link through the film, both literally and metaphorically.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: My Name Is Khan is a 2010 Indian drama film directed by Karan Johar and produced by Hiroo Johar and Gauri Khan and stars Shah Rukh Khan and Kajol in lead roles. The film was jointly produced by Dharma Productions and Red Chillies Entertainment and was distributed by FOX Star Entertainment, which had bought the rights for the film for a sum of () , making it the most expensive Bollywood film of 2010. It is also the highest buyover for any Indian film, surpassing \"Ghajini\"'s record of () .\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Baazigar (English: \"Gambler\" ) is a 1993 Indian crime thriller film directed by Abbas–Mustan starring Shah Rukh Khan and Kajol in the lead roles. It is a contemporary thriller about a young man who stops at nothing to get what he wants. This was Shah Rukh Khan's breakthrough role as the sole lead and Kajol's first commercial success. Actress Shilpa Shetty was supposed to debut with \"Gaata Rahe Mera Dil\", however, it remained unreleased and this became her debut movie. \"Baazigar\" was the first film in which Shah Rukh Khan played the role of an anti-hero and the first which earned Khan a Filmfare Award for Best Actor. Initially this movie was offered to Armaan Kohli and Salman Khan to play the lead role, but they all rejected it as the role had negative shades .\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Student of the Year is a 2012 Indian romantic comedy-drama film directed by Karan Johar and produced by Hiroo Yash Johar under the banner of Dharma Productions and in collaboration with Shah Rukh Khan's Red Chillies Entertainment. The movie features newcomers Sidharth Malhotra, Varun Dhawan and Alia Bhatt in the lead roles with Rishi Kapoor, Sana Saeed, Ronit Roy, Sahil Anand, Ram Kapoor and Farida Jalal in supporting roles. The movie also features Boman Irani, Kajol, Farah Khan and Vaibhavi Merchant in guest appearances. This is Karan Johar's first-and-only directorial venture without Shah Rukh Khan.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Dear Zindagi (  \"Dear Life\" ) is a 2016 Indian Hindi-language coming-of-age drama film written and directed by Gauri Shinde. It was produced by Gauri Khan, Karan Johar, and Shinde under the banners of Red Chillies Entertainment, Dharma Productions, and Hope Productions respectively. The film features Alia Bhatt in the lead role, with Shah Rukh Khan, Kunal Kapoor and Ali Zafar in supporting roles. The plot centers on a budding cinematographer named Kaira, who is discontented with her life and meets Dr. Jehangir, a free-spirited psychologist who helps her to gain a new perspective on her life.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Ram Jaane (translation: \"Ram Knows\") is a 1995 Indian Hindi crime drama film directed by Rajiv Mehra about an unnamed kid (portrayed by Shah Rukh Khan) who grows up to become a gangster. He uses the name Ram Jaane after meeting with a priest who in response to the kid asking about his name said \"Ram Jaane\" (God knows). It is the fourth time when Shah Rukh Khan played a negative role after \"Baazigar\", \"Darr\" and \"Anjaam\". The film clashed with \"Akele Hum Akele Tum\" starring Aamir Khan and became a clean \"Hit\" in the other hand \"Akele Hum Akele Tum\" became \"Disaster\" at the domestic box office. Shah Rukh Khan has bought the rights to this film under his banner, Red Chillies Entertainment.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Hum Tumhare Hain Sanam (English: \"I am yours, darling\") is a 2002 Hindi romantic drama film. It features Salman Khan, Shah Rukh Khan and Madhuri Dixit in the lead roles. This is the second film to feature Salman Khan and Shah Rukh Khan where both are protagonists after \"Karan Arjun\" (1995). Shah Rukh Khan and Madhuri Dixit were paired up for the fourth time. Aishwarya Rai Bachchan played a cameo in the movie.\nTitle: Passage 10\nPassage: Shah Rukh Khan (also credited as Shahrukh Khan) is an Indian actor, producer and television personality. Khan began his acting career on television by playing a soldier in the Doordarshan series \"Fauji\" (1988), a role that garnered him recognition and led to starring roles in more television shows. He soon started receiving offers for film roles and had his first release with the romantic drama \"Deewana\" (1992), in which he played a supporting part. Khan subsequently played the antagonist of the 1993 thrillers \"Baazigar\" and \"Darr\", box office hits that established his career in Bollywood. In 1995, Khan starred opposite Kajol in Aditya Chopra's romance \"Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge\", that became the longest running Indian film of all time. He continued to establish a reputation in romantic roles by playing opposite Madhuri Dixit in \"Dil To Pagal Hai\" (1997), and Kajol in the Karan Johar-directed blockbusters \"Kuch Kuch Hota Hai\" (1998) and \"Kabhi Khushi Kabhie Gham...\" (2001)." ]

[ "Passage 1", "Passage 10" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Lawrence Richardson Jr. (December 2, 1920 in Altoona, Pennsylvania – July 21, 2013 in Durham, North Carolina) was an American Classicist and ancient historian educated at Yale University who was a member of the faculty of classics at Duke University from 1966 to 1991. He was married to the Classical archaeologist Emeline Hill Richardson. Richardson received numerous fellowships, including a Fulbright, a Guggenheim, and support from the American Council of Learned Societies. He was a Fellow of the American Academy in Rome (1950) and field director of the AAR's Cosa excavations (1952–55). He was a Resident of the American Academy in Rome (1979), and served as the American Academy in Rome’s Mellon Professor-in-Charge of the School of Classical Studies (1981). In 2012 he was awarded the Gold Medal of the Archaeological Institute of America.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Üsküdar American Academy (Turkish: Üsküdar Amerikan Lisesi) is a private coeducational high school located in Üsküdar borough of Istanbul, Turkey.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: The Disneyland Dream Suite was a 2200 sqft luxury apartment located in the New Orleans Square area of Disneyland Park at the Disneyland Resort. It was created as part of the \"Year of a Million Dreams\" promotion that ran from October 1, 2006, through December 31, 2008, and closed in 2014.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: A basement apartment is an apartment located below street level, underneath another structure—usually an apartment building, but possibly a house or a business. Rent in basement apartments is usually much lower than it is in above-ground units, due to a number of deficiencies common to basement apartments. The apartments are usually cramped, and tend to be noisy, both from uninsulated building noises and from traffic on the adjacent street. They are also particularly vulnerable to burglary, especially those with windows at sidewalk level. In some instances, residential use of below-ground space is illegal, but is done anyway in order for the building owner to generate extra income.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: The Pew Research Center estimates that Ecuador has a Muslim population of about 145. The first Muslim settlers in Ecuador were primarily Arabs who emigrated from the Middle East during World War I and thereafter from former territories of the Ottoman Empire. They settled mostly in Quito, Ambato and Guayaquil with smaller communities in Manabí, Los Ríos, and Esmeraldas provinces. Levantine Christians and Muslims created a secular ethnic organisation called \"Lecla\" in the 1940s and The Arab Club in the 1980s. By the mid 1990s, naturalized citizens and native Muslims of Arab extraction were using a private apartment located in Avenue Los Shyris and Eloy Alfaro as a communal prayer venue, especially on Fridays. At a later day the Egyptian Embassy provided another private apartment for the same purposes. The Centro Islámico del Ecuador, founded on October 15, 1994, was the first Muslim religious organization recognized by the government. However, it was not the first organization to open its doors in this city. A mosque under the name Khaled ibn al-Walid was founded in the year 1991; it conducted its religious rituals in a private apartment. Religious activities as well as social, cultural and educational activities are conducted according to Sunni Islam.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Gerhard M. Koeppel (October 30, 1936 – December 20, 2012) was a German-born historian of Roman art and a specialist in the study of Roman historical relief sculpture. Koeppel studied at the University of Cologne and under the ancient art historian Heinz Kähler. Gerhard Koeppel was a member of the Archaeological Institute of America, the Classical Society of the American Academy in Rome, the Deutscher Archäologenverband, and Corresponding Member of the Deutsches Archaeologisches Institut. He was Resident Scholar at the American Academy in Rome (1974–1975), Professor-in-Charge of the Intercollegiate Center for Classical Studies in Rome (1980–1981, 1989–1990, spring 1998), and Director of the American Academy Summer School (1986–1988). He joined the faculty of Classics at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill in 1969 and was professor \"emeritus\" at the time of his death.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Dædalus is a peer-reviewed academic journal founded in 1955 as a replacement for the Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the volume and numbering system of which it continues. In 1958 it began quarterly publication as \"The Journal of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences\". The journal is published by MIT Press on behalf of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Each issue addresses a theme with essays on the arts, sciences, and humanities. Special features include fiction, poetry, and a notes section. Publication is by invitation only. The journal is indexed in \"Scopus\" and the \"Social Sciences Citation Index\", among others.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Nina Vsevolod Fedoroff (born 1942) is an American molecular biologist known for her research in life sciences and biotechnology, especially transposable elements or jumping genes. and plant stress response. In 2007, President George W. Bush awarded her the National Medal of Science, she is also a member of the United States National Academy of Sciences, the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the European Academy of Sciences, and the American Academy of Microbiology.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: Houghton Heights is an apartment located in the Houghton estates of Northern Johannesburg. It was designed by John Shaw in 1938. Houghton Heights is one of a number of a number of imposing art deco buildings to have been build on the Orange grove escarpment. Its design is an alternating red and orange bricks with richly decorated marbles." ]

[ "Passage 2" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Constance Francesca Gabor Hilton (March 10, 1947 – January 5, 2015) was an American actress, photographer and comedian. She was the only daughter of Hilton Hotel founder Conrad Hilton with his second wife, actress and socialite Zsa Zsa Gabor.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Holy Moly, often known as \"HM\", was an entertainment website based in the UK and had similarities to Popbitch, Anorak and B3ta. It published (often mocking) gossip items related to celebrities, notably Amy Winehouse, Sienna Miller, Britney Spears, Tom Cruise and Paris Hilton. The website's scoops were often copied in the gossip pages of British tabloids such as \"The Sun\" the \"Daily Mirror\" and the \"Daily Star\" . Sometimes Holy Moly would announce news before tabloids, for example, Madonna's divorce from Guy Ritchie four months before \"The Sun\"'s front page 'exclusive'. .\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Conrad Hotels & Resorts is an international brand of luxury hotels and resorts owned and operated by Hilton Worldwide. Conrad was considered the luxury flagship brand in the Hilton Family of Brands, named after company founder Conrad Hilton, until being supplanted by The Waldorf-Astoria Collection in 2006.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: William Barron Hilton (born October 23, 1927) is an American business magnate, socialite, and hotel heir. The son and successor of hotelier Conrad Hilton, he is the retired chairman, president and chief executive officer of Hilton Hotels Corporation and chairman emeritus of the Conrad N. Hilton Foundation. Hilton was also a founding partner of the American Football League and the original owner of the Los Angeles Chargers.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Justin Hawley McAuliffe (born October 7, 1987) is an American entrepreneur and philanthropist. He is the grandson of Barron Hilton and the great-grandson of Conrad Hilton, founder of Hilton Hotels. He is the founder and CEO of Acceleron Digital, a digital marketing agency.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Perez Hilton (born Mario Armando Lavandeira Jr.; March 23, 1978), is an American blogger, columnist and television personality. His blog, PerezHilton.com (formerly PageSixSixSix.com), is known for posts covering gossip items about celebrities. He is also known for posting tabloid photographs over which he has added his own captions or \"doodles\". His blog has garnered controversy for its attitude, its former outing of alleged closeted celebrities, and its role in the increasing coverage of celebrities in all forms of media.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Conrad Nicholson \"Nicky\" Hilton Jr. (July 6, 1926 – February 5, 1969) was an American socialite, hotel heir, and businessman. He was one of the sons of Conrad Hilton (founder of Hilton Hotels).\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Wyndham Grand Pittsburgh Downtown (formerly the Hilton Pittsburgh) is a hotel in Downtown Pittsburgh, with a prominent position in the Golden Triangle area adjacent to Point State Park, the Fort Pitt Museum and the Cultural District. Hilton announced plans for the skyscraper hotel on June 11, 1956 and ground was broken for it on September 20, 1957 with Conrad Hilton himself in attendance. It was opened for business with a special gala on December 3, 1959 again attended by Mr. Hilton as well as Governor Lawrence. The hotel is the city's largest with 712 rooms and over 40,000 square feet of conference facilities.\nTitle: Passage 9\nPassage: The Hilton family is an American family. The family members hold varying degrees of wealth and status as socialites in the United States. They are widely known for the Hilton Hotel and Resorts Group which was established by Conrad Hilton in 1919 when he bought his first hotel." ]

[ "Passage 2" ]

[ "Title: Passage 1\nPassage: Jim Sladky (born March 16, 1947) is an American former competitive ice dancer. He competed with partner Judy Schwomeyer. They were five time (1968–1972) U.S. national champions. They are the 1970 World silver medalists and the 1969 & 1971-1972 World bronze medalists.\nTitle: Passage 2\nPassage: Alexandr (Sasha) Kirsanov (Russian: Александр Кирсанов ; born August 17, 1978) is a retired ice dancer who competed for the United States, Azerbaijan, and Russia. With Christie Moxley for the U.S., he is the 2003 Nebelhorn Trophy bronze medalist. He also competed with Barbara Hanley for Azerbaijan and with Olga Pogosian for Russia. Following his retirement from competition in 2004, he is a coach and choreographer in Delaware.\nTitle: Passage 3\nPassage: Nikolai Alexandrovich Morozov (Russian: Николай Александрович Морозов ; born 17 December 1975) is a Russian figure skating coach and choreographer. He coached Shizuka Arakawa to the 2006 Olympic gold medal and Miki Ando to two World titles. He is a former competitive ice dancer who appeared with Tatiana Navka for Belarus at the 1998 Winter Olympics, placing 16th, and at the 1998 World Championships, placing 10th. Earlier in his career, he competed with Olga Pershankova for Azerbaijan and with Ekaterina Gvozdkova for Russia.\nTitle: Passage 4\nPassage: Marina Timofeieva (born February 24, 1984 in Tallinn) is an Estonian ice dancer. With partner Evgeni Striganov, she is the 2003 & 2004 Estonian national champion. They were five time competitors at the World Junior Figure Skating Championships, with the highest placement of 17th in 2003. They placed 22nd at the 2003 European Figure Skating Championships and 26th at the 2003 World Figure Skating Championships. They were coached by Lea Rand, the mother of fellow Estonian ice dancers Kristjan and Taavi Rand.\nTitle: Passage 5\nPassage: Judy Schwomeyer (married name Sladky; born November 14, 1950) is an American ice dancer and actress. As a figure skater, she competed with partner James Sladky. They were five time (1968–1972) U.S. national champions. They are the 1970 World silver medalists and the 1969 & 1971-1972 World bronze medalists.\nTitle: Passage 6\nPassage: Jevgeni Striganov (born 23 March 1982 in Tallinn) is an Estonian ice dancer. With partner Marina Timofejeva, he is the 2003 & 2004 Estonian national champion. They were five time competitors at the World Junior Figure Skating Championships, with the highest placement of 17th in 2003. They placed 22nd at the 2003 European Figure Skating Championships and 26th at the 2003 World Figure Skating Championships. They were coached by Lea Rand, the mother of fellow Estonian ice dancers Kristjan and Taavi Rand.\nTitle: Passage 7\nPassage: Olga Algertovna Volozhinskaya (Estonian: \"Olga Voložinskaja\" ; Russian: Ольга Альгертовна Воложинская , born 18 May 1962) is a former ice dancer who competed for the Soviet Union. With Alexander Svinin, she is the 1983 European silver medalist, 1985 Skate Canada International champion, and competed at the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo.\nTitle: Passage 8\nPassage: Ramil Sarkulov (born June 16, 1981 in Tashkent) is an Uzbekistani former competitive ice dancer. His partnership with Olesya Pronina lasted at least five seasons, until 1999. He then competed for three seasons with Julia Klochko (1999–2002), training under Galina Churilova in Kharkiv, Ukraine. Klochko/Sarkulov won the Uzbekistani national title in the 2001–02 season and appeared at four ISU Championships – two Four Continents and two Junior Worlds. In the 2002–03 season, he competed with Olga Akimova, coached by Churilova. Sarkulov then had a brief partnership with Ashley Taylor but the two never competed together. In 2007, he teamed up with Sun-hye Yu. Coached by Genrikh Sretenski in the United States, they placed 12th at the 2008 Four Continents and 29th at the 2008 World Championships." ]

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