MedlineCitation
dict | PubmedData
dict |
|---|---|
{
"PMID": 121768,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1980,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 24
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 26
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Immediately after cataract extraction, lenses from diabetic and nondiabetic patients were collected, classified, and assayed or incubated in high-glucose medium. The distribution of cataract types within the diabetic and nondiabetic groups was almost identical. The aldose reductase (AR) inhibitor AY22,284 (Alrestatin) was as effective in blocking sorbitol formation in diabetic as in nondiabetic lenses. While there was no difference in the level of intralenticular glucose, the diabetic lens produced significantly more sorbitol than did the nondiabetic lens. Also, the activity of polyol dehydrogenase (PD) was much lower in the diabetic population. The diabetic lenses swelled slightly more (P <.2) than nondiabetic lenses in high glucose media, and AY22,284 was effective in reducing the swelling of diabetic lenses in 35.5 mM glucose medium. While these results are preliminary, they suggest that diabetes, in some way, may confer on the human lens an increased susceptibility to osmotic stress via the sorbitol pathway. It is also reassuring to note that an AR inhibitor is no less effective in blocking the more active AR in the diabetic than in the nondiabetic lens. The therapeutic implications of this are discussed."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Efficacy of Alrestatin, an aldose reductase inhibitor, in human diabetic and nondiabetic lenses.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Chylack",
"Henriques",
"Cheng",
"Tung"
],
"ForeName": [
"L T",
"H F",
"H M",
"W H"
],
"Initials": [
"LT",
"HF",
"HM",
"WH"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"EY00034",
"EY01276"
],
"Agency": [
"NEI NIH HHS",
"NEI NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"506T60A25R",
"515DHK15LG",
"EC 1.-",
"EC 1.1.-",
"EC 1.1.1.21",
"IY9XDZ35W2"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Isoquinolines",
"Sorbitol",
"alrestatin",
"Oxidoreductases",
"Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases",
"Aldehyde Reductase",
"Glucose"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Aldehyde Reductase",
"Cataract",
"Cataract Extraction",
"Diabetes Complications",
"Glucose",
"Humans",
"Isoquinolines",
"Lens, Crystalline",
"Oxidoreductases",
"Sorbitol",
"Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases"
],
"QualifierName": [
"antagonists & inhibitors",
"complications",
"",
"",
"pharmacology",
"",
"pharmacology",
"drug effects",
"analysis",
"metabolism",
"antagonists & inhibitors"
]
}
}
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"121768",
"S0161-6420(79)35364-7",
"10.1016/s0161-6420(79)35364-7"
]
]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1979,
2001,
1979
],
"Month": [
9,
3,
9
],
"Day": [
1,
28,
1
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}
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"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
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{
"PMID": 121919,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1981,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 24
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2007,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 14
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Con A-Sepharose affinity chromatography was utilized to examine the glycoproteins in phosphosaline extracts of normal and breast tumor tissues and breast patient sera. In extracts of normal breast tissue, normal sera and patient sera, all glycoproteins were eluted from the Con A-Sepharose with a linear gradient of 0.0-0.5 M alpha-methylmannose. Using breast tumor extracts, a glycoprotein peak which could not be eluted as with normal tissue extracts was observed. This tightly-binding peak could be eluted from the Con A-Sepharose with acetate buffer containing 1.0 M KCl. Polyacrylamide electrophoresis of this tightly-binding glycoprotein peak revealed one major glycoprotein and four minor glycoproteins. The major glycoprotein obtained from electrophoresis represented about 60% of the Con A-Sepharose tightly-binding protein and reacted with antiserum to human orosomucoid (alpha 1-acid glycoprotein). All glycoproteins isolated from tumor tissue extracts appeared to represent normal serum constituents as they were retained on an immunoadsorbent containing antibodies to normal serum proteins. The possible significance of the isolated tumor-associated orosomucoid is discussed."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Identification of a breast tumor-associated orosomucoid by concanavalin A affinity chromatography.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Papsidero",
"Nemoto",
"Chu"
],
"ForeName": [
"L D",
"T",
"T M"
],
"Initials": [
"LD",
"T",
"TM"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"CB-NO1-33858"
],
"Agency": [
"NCI NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "England"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"11028-71-0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Orosomucoid",
"Concanavalin A"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adenocarcinoma",
"Breast Neoplasms",
"Chromatography, Affinity",
"Concanavalin A",
"Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Immunodiffusion",
"Orosomucoid"
],
"QualifierName": [
"metabolism",
"metabolism",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"blood"
]
}
}
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"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
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"Month": [
1,
1,
1
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"Day": [
1,
1,
1
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"ReferenceList": {
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{
"PMID": 121920,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1981,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 26
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2013,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 21
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The effects of various concentrations of urea and guanidine hydrochloride on enzyme activity and on subunit association were determined. Incubation of thymidylate synthetase with buffered solutions of 3M to 3.5M guanidine hydrochloride or 5 M to 6 M urea resulted in the loss of about 90% of the enzyme activity. Under these denaturing conditions a red shift of the fluorescence emission maximum from 340 nm to 351 nm was observed together with a significant decrease in the relative fluorescence intensity of the protein. Studies at both 4 degrees C and 25 degrees C indicated that the enzyme was in the dimer form in 2 M guanidine hydrochloride but was dissociated into monomers in concentrations of this denaturant of 3 M and above. Although only monomeric species were evident at 4 degrees C in 6 M urea, at 25 25 degrees C this denaturant caused protein aggregation which increased with decreasing phosphate buffer concentration. Enzyme (5 mg/ml) in 0.5 M potassium phosphate buffer, pH 6.8, containing 4 M guanidine hydrochloride gave a minimum S20, w value of 1.22S at 25 degrees C. Sedimentation behavior of the native enzyme in the range of 5 to 20 mg/ml was only slightly concentration-dependent (4.28 S to 4.86 S) but extensive aggregation occurred above 20 mg/ml."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Denaturation of thymidylate synthetase from amethopterin-resistant Lactobacillus casei.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Reinsch",
"Smith",
"Dunlap"
],
"ForeName": [
"J W",
"L L",
"R B"
],
"Initials": [
"JW",
"LL",
"RB"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"CA12842",
"HL19456"
],
"Agency": [
"NCI NIH HHS",
"NHLBI NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "England"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"8W8T17847W",
"EC 2.1.1.-",
"EC 2.1.1.45",
"YL5FZ2Y5U1"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Guanidines",
"Macromolecular Substances",
"Urea",
"Methyltransferases",
"Thymidylate Synthase",
"Methotrexate"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Chromatography, Gel",
"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug",
"Drug Resistance, Microbial",
"Guanidines",
"Lactobacillus casei",
"Macromolecular Substances",
"Methotrexate",
"Methyltransferases",
"Protein Denaturation",
"Spectrometry, Fluorescence",
"Thymidylate Synthase",
"Ultracentrifugation",
"Urea"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"",
"",
"pharmacology",
"enzymology",
"",
"pharmacology",
"metabolism",
"drug effects",
"",
"metabolism",
"",
"pharmacology"
]
}
}
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"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
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"Year": [
1979,
1979,
1979
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"Month": [
1,
1,
1
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"Day": [
1,
1,
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{
"PMID": 121922,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1981,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 26
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2007,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 14
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Prolactin binding activity was studied in suspensions of cells which had been enzymatically dissociated from R3230AC mammary tumors, 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumors and lactating rat mammary glands. Prolactin bound specifically with high affinity (apparent binding affinity = 4.0 X 10(9) M-1) to R3230AC tumor cells. Hormone binding at room temperature was proportional to cell number and increased with time of incubation up to 120-180 min. Prolactin binding to R3230AC tumor cells from diabetic animals was reduced by about 50%. Specific prolactin binding activity was also demonstrated in preparations of cells from DMBA-induced tumors and lactating mammary gland. The levels of hormone binding in both dissociated cells and subcellular particles prepared from these tissues varied as follows: DMBA-induced tumors > lactating mammary gland > R3230AC mammary adenocarcinoma."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Prolactin binding to dissociated cells from rat mammary tumors and mammary gland.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Smith",
"Hilf",
"Senior"
],
"ForeName": [
"R D",
"R",
"A E"
],
"Initials": [
"RD",
"R",
"AE"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"CA-16787"
],
"Agency": [
"NCI NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "England"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"57-97-6",
"9002-62-4"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene",
"Prolactin"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene",
"Animals",
"Binding, Competitive",
"Cell Line",
"Female",
"Kinetics",
"Lactation",
"Mammary Glands, Animal",
"Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental",
"Pregnancy",
"Prolactin",
"Protein Binding",
"Rats"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"metabolism",
"chemically induced",
"",
"metabolism",
"",
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1979,
1979,
1979
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1,
1,
1
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1,
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{
"PMID": 121931,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1981,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 19
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 10,
"Day": 27
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The inhibition of the cellular response of C57Bl/6 mice against allogeneic P815 mastocytoma by procarbazine was shown to be uniquely dependent upon time of administration with respect to antigen. If the drug was given 4 or 6 days after antigen, the development of the T cell effectors was inhibited; if it was given earlier (2 hr or 1 or 2 days after antigen), the response was affected less. In contrast to the immunosuppressive effectiveness of delayed administration of procarbazine, the inhibition of the T cell response by daunorubicin was greatest when the agent was given 2 days after antigen, and that by cyclophosphamide, at the concentrations used, was relatively time independent. Under similar conditions the effects of the three agents on the humoral response were found to be less selective. The inhibition of both responses by procarbazine was shown to be dose dependent and relatively independent of the route of administration."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Temporal specificity of procarbazine in the inhibition of mouse immune responses to allogeneic tumor.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Hoffmann",
"Ehrke",
"Mihich"
],
"ForeName": [
"C C",
"M J",
"E"
],
"Initials": [
"CC",
"MJ",
"E"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"CA-13038",
"CA-15142"
],
"Agency": [
"NCI NIH HHS",
"NCI NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
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},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"35S93Y190K"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Immunosuppressive Agents",
"Procarbazine"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Female",
"Immunization",
"Immunosuppressive Agents",
"Mast-Cell Sarcoma",
"Mice",
"Mice, Inbred C57BL",
"Neoplasm Transplantation",
"Neoplasms, Experimental",
"Organ Size",
"Procarbazine",
"Time Factors",
"Transplantation, Homologous"
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"QualifierName": [
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"",
"",
"immunology",
"",
"",
"",
"immunology",
"drug effects",
"pharmacology",
"",
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]
}
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} | {
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"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
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"Year": [
1979,
1979,
1979
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{
"PMID": 121936,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1981,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 19
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2013,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 21
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Rats received 3H-mannitol, which marks the intactness of the blood-brain barrier, and 14C-glutamate or 14C-aspartate by intracardiac injection after oral gavage with water, monosodium glutamate, monosodium aspartate, or sodium chloride (doses equiosmolar to 4 g/kg monosodium glutamate). Thirty min later, various brain regions (e.g., cerebellum, cortex, hypothalamus, and striatum) were assayed for tritium and carbon-14. In most regions in most animals given monosodium glutamate or hypertonic saline, the level of the carbon-14 acidic amino acid tended to parallel the extent of damage incurred by the blood-brain barrier, as indicated by high levels of tritium-labelled mannitol. These data suggest that severe hyperosmolarity may be a prerequisite for monosodium glutamate to produce neurotoxic changes, and may explain why elective dietary consumption of enormous quantities of glutamate, by animals given free access to water, fails to induce brain lesions."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Monosodium glutamate neurotoxicity, hyperosmolarity, and blood-brain barrier dysfunction.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"McCall",
"Glaeser",
"Millington",
"Wurtman"
],
"ForeName": [
"A",
"B S",
"W",
"R J"
],
"Initials": [
"A",
"BS",
"W",
"RJ"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"1-F32-AM05862-01",
"1-F32-MH08021",
"AM-14228"
],
"Agency": [
"NIADDK NIH HHS",
"NIMH NIH HHS",
"NIADDK NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
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"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
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}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"30KYC7MIAI",
"3OWL53L36A",
"W81N5U6R6U"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Glutamates",
"Aspartic Acid",
"Mannitol",
"Sodium Glutamate"
]
}
},
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"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Aspartic Acid",
"Blood-Brain Barrier",
"Brain",
"Glutamates",
"Mannitol",
"Osmolar Concentration",
"Rats",
"Sodium Glutamate"
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"",
"metabolism",
"drug effects",
"drug effects",
"metabolism",
"metabolism",
"",
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"toxicity"
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1979,
1979,
1979
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{
"PMID": 121943,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1981,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 19
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2007,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 14
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The experimental models used by investigators to study myocardial infarction have been considered as to their possible application for use in studies of the healing of myocardial infarction. The information concerning healing has also been surveyed. In general, the healing of the myocardial infarct in the dog and in the rat is by connective tissue replacement of the injured tissue resulting in a scar similar to skin scars. In the healing process, there is an early increase of glycoproteins, possibly from serum, and of hyaluronic acid in the injured tissue. Much of this is part of the general reaction to injury and may not be part of the healing process. Somewhat later (about 2-3 days in the dog) the chondroitin-4-sulfate fraction begins to rise. Collagen biosynthesis increases at the same time although this relationship is not well established. Much later (after 30 days in dog) the chondroitin-4-sulfate content of the injured tissue begins to decrease. At this time the scar is well formed. Much later (as late as 171 days) the scar in the myocardium still contains elevated amounts of chondroitin-4-sulfate. The dermatan sulfate is increased and the hyaluronic acid slightly decreased as compared to undamaged myocardium. These changes are typical in maturing scars of skin."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Healing of myocardial infarction in animal models.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Shetlar",
"Shetlar",
"Kischer"
],
"ForeName": [
"M R",
"C L",
"C W"
],
"Initials": [
"MR",
"CL",
"CW"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"1-R01 GM25159-02"
],
"Agency": [
"NIGMS NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
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"PublicationTypeList": {
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"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
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"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"24967-94-0",
"9004-61-9",
"9007-28-7"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Glycosaminoglycans",
"Dermatan Sulfate",
"Hyaluronic Acid",
"Chondroitin Sulfates"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Chondroitin Sulfates",
"Coronary Vessels",
"Dermatan Sulfate",
"Disease Models, Animal",
"Dogs",
"Glycosaminoglycans",
"Heart",
"Humans",
"Hyaluronic Acid",
"Middle Aged",
"Myocardial Infarction",
"Rats",
"Wound Healing"
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"physiology",
"metabolism",
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"metabolism",
"physiopathology",
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"metabolism",
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"physiopathology",
"",
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1979
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{
"PMID": 121944,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1981,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 24
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2014,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 20
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Because valproic acid (VPA) is highly bound to plasma protein, several variables affecting binding will significantly alter the quantity of free drug which is pharmacologically active. Therefore, total VPA plasma concentrations do not reflect the therapeutic strength of the drug in tissue. We have performed equilibrium dialysis and ultrafiltration studies of VPA binding to plasma protein. The converging data in these in vitro studies indicate a clinically significant alteration in the percent of free VPA when total drug concentration exceeds 80 micrograms/ml. Saturation of drug binding sites probably occurs in this range. At 20--60 micrograms/ml VPA there is 5% free drug, with a significant increase to 8% free at 80 micrograms/ml; free drug increases to over 20% at 145 micrograms/ml total VPA. Human plasma, which is low in albumin, has twice the quantity of free VPA as normal plasma (10 versus 5% free). The clinical evidence of interaction between VPA and phenytoin is confirmed in vitro by the increase in the free fraction of both drugs. VPA binding decreases by 3--6%, while phenytoin binding decreases 5--6% as both drugs reach high plasma concentrations. When appropriate, laboratory reports should be available defining concentration of free drug in plasma for optimal interpretation of drug concetrations relative to clinical effects."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Valproic acid: in vitro plasma protein binding and interaction with phenytoin.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Cramer",
"Mattson"
],
"ForeName": [
"J A",
"R H"
],
"Initials": [
"JA",
"RH"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"5POINS06208-12"
],
"Agency": [
"NINDS NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"614OI1Z5WI",
"6158TKW0C5"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Blood Proteins",
"Serum Albumin",
"Valproic Acid",
"Phenytoin"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Blood Proteins",
"Drug Interactions",
"Humans",
"In Vitro Techniques",
"Phenytoin",
"Protein Binding",
"Saliva",
"Serum Albumin",
"Valproic Acid"
],
"QualifierName": [
"metabolism",
"",
"",
"",
"blood",
"",
"metabolism",
"metabolism",
"blood"
]
}
}
} | {
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[],
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"121944"
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"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
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"Year": [
1979,
1979,
1979
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1,
1,
1
],
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1,
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}
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"ReferenceList": {
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}
} |
{
"PMID": 121991,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1981,
"Month": 3,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 8,
"Day": 27
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The polysome content of the ciliate protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis is transiently reduced by gamma-irradiation. In order to test whether this is a result of a respiration-produced or radiation-produced hypoxia or some other mechanism, the oxygen content of the culture was determined during and after irradiation, and the polysome contents and rates of amino acid incorporation were measured with and without air bubbling. Irradiation (40 krad at approximately 3 krad/min) produced approximately a 25 per cent loss in dissolved O2 content in the medium. This decrease is not sufficient to affect the polysome level, since (a) the same radiation-induced loss of polysomes and inhibiition of amino acid incorporation was observed whether or not the culture was bubbled with air during the irradiation and (b) bubbling unirradiated cultures with gas mixtures containing as little as 17 per cent of the normal O2 content did not influence the polysome level. As long as the cells are irradiated as a shallow layer in open flasks, replacement of O2 from the gas phase appears adequate, and neither respiration-induced nor radiation-induced hypoxia masks the effects of the radiation."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Radiation-induced fluctuation of the polysome content in adequately oxygenated tetrahymena pyriformis.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Oleinick",
"Biaglow",
"Rustad"
],
"ForeName": [
"N L",
"J E",
"R C"
],
"Initials": [
"NL",
"JE",
"RC"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"CA-13747",
"CA-15378"
],
"Agency": [
"NCI NIH HHS",
"NCI NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "England"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"S88TT14065"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Amino Acids",
"Oxygen"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Amino Acids",
"Gamma Rays",
"Oxygen",
"Oxygen Consumption",
"Polyribosomes",
"Protein Biosynthesis",
"Tetrahymena pyriformis"
],
"QualifierName": [
"metabolism",
"",
"analysis",
"",
"analysis",
"",
"metabolism"
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}
}
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1979,
1979,
1979
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12,
12
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}
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"ReferenceList": {
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{
"PMID": 121992,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1981,
"Month": 3,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 8,
"Day": 27
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The X-ray-induced inactivation of the biological activity of Bacillus subtilis transforming DNA in dilute aqueous solution has been studied over a wide range of O2 concentrations in an attempt to elucidate the mechanisms involved in O2 action. When the DNA is irradiated in the presence of 100 per cent O2 there is a protection of the transforming DNA compared to the sensitivity in N2-saturated or in N2O-saturated solutions. When the equilibrating gas contains intermediate concentrations of O2 (1 per cent--90 per cent) in N2 or N2O, the DNA sensitivity is equivalent to that in pure N2 or N2O respectively. At low O2 concentrations (approximately 0.14 per cent O2 in N2 or in N2O) there is a sensitization of the DNA and this sensitization can be prevented by .OH scavengers. Possible mechanisms for these actions of O2 on the radiation sensitivity of transforming DNA are discussed."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Effects of varying O2 concentration on the X-ray sensitivity of transforming DNA.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Held",
"Powers"
],
"ForeName": [
"K D",
"E L"
],
"Initials": [
"KD",
"EL"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"GM-13557"
],
"Agency": [
"NIGMS NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "England"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"3K9958V90M",
"9007-49-2",
"S88TT14065"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Free Radicals",
"Radiation-Protective Agents",
"Ethanol",
"DNA",
"Oxygen"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Bacillus subtilis",
"DNA",
"Ethanol",
"Free Radicals",
"Oxygen",
"Radiation Tolerance",
"Radiation-Protective Agents",
"X-Rays"
],
"QualifierName": [
"metabolism",
"metabolism",
"pharmacology",
"",
"",
"",
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}
}
} | {
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1979,
1979,
1979
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"Month": [
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12,
12
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"Day": [
1,
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1
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}
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"ReferenceList": {
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}
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{
"PMID": 122159,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1981,
"Month": 5,
"Day": 13
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 9,
"Day": 2
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "A gas chromatographic method has been developed for the routine monitoring of valproic acid (VPA) in human plasma samples. Two compounds, 2-ethylpentanoic acid (EPA) and 2-propylhexanoic acid (PHA), were synthesized and evaluated as internal standards together with cyclohexane carboxylic acid (CHCA), a commonly employed internal standard. Crystalline barium salts of VPA, EPA, and PHA were prepared, which enabled preparation of standard solutions of high accuracy for use in calibration experiments and in daily intra-laboratory quality control tests. The extraction scheme was designed on the basis of the solvent partitioning properties of VPA. Solvent transfers are required in the extraction scheme, but solvent evaporations are not. Studies were made of the performances of EPA, PHA, and CHCA as internal standards in the VPA assay at different lifetimes of the 10% SP-1000 chromatography column. As judged by these studies, EPA or CHCA is a better choice than PHA as an internal standard, provided that certain guidelines are followed in the use of CHCA."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Gas chromatographic method for the determination of valproic acid in human plasma.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Hershey",
"Patton",
"Dudley"
],
"ForeName": [
"A E",
"J R",
"K H"
],
"Initials": [
"AE",
"JR",
"KH"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"NS 12791"
],
"Agency": [
"NINDS NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"614OI1Z5WI"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids",
"Valproic Acid"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Chromatography, Gas",
"Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids",
"Drug Interactions",
"Humans",
"Quality Control",
"Reference Standards",
"Time Factors",
"Valproic Acid"
],
"QualifierName": [
"methods",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"blood"
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}
}
} | {
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1979,
1979,
1979
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"Month": [
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1
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122160,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1981,
"Month": 5,
"Day": 13
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 9,
"Day": 2
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The interaction between valproic acid (VPA) and phenytoin (DPH) was examined during therapeutic monitoring in an epileptic outpatient population. Gas-liquid chromatographic methods were used to measure DPH and VPA concentrations. (1) In 12 patients on stable DPH regimens, the mean DPH level declined from 19.7 to 15.3 microgram/ml when VPA was added (p less than 0.001). (2) In 20 patients receiving DPH and VPA, the median free fraction was 15.8%, compared to 9.1% free DPH in 40 patients receiving DPH only or DPH and phenobarbital (p less than 0.001). (3) Addition of VPA to a stable DPH regimen may result in a transient increased risk of DPH toxicity, followed by restabilization at the original free DPH level."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Valproic acid-phenytoin interaction.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Friel",
"Leal",
"Wilensky"
],
"ForeName": [
"P N",
"K W",
"A J"
],
"Initials": [
"PN",
"KW",
"AJ"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"N01-NS-0-2281",
"N01-NS-6-2341"
],
"Agency": [
"NINDS NIH HHS",
"NINDS NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"614OI1Z5WI",
"6158TKW0C5"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Valproic Acid",
"Phenytoin"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adult",
"Chromatography, Gas",
"Drug Interactions",
"Epilepsy",
"Humans",
"Monitoring, Physiologic",
"Phenytoin",
"Protein Binding",
"Valproic Acid"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"",
"",
"drug therapy",
"",
"",
"blood",
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"blood"
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}
}
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1979
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1,
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}
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{
"PMID": 122167,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1981,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 13
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2016,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 23
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The present studies were done to determine whether preventing the respiratory alkalosis, which is known to occur with acute \"hypoxic\" stimuli, would lead to alterations in plasma concentrations of erythropoietin (Ep). Rats were subjected to two acute stresses, hypoxia and blood loss, separately and in combination, with and without the added stress of hypercarbia. Hypercarbia in all experimental groups was associated with a decrease in plasma concentrations of Ep. This reduction in plasma Ep with hypercarbia could not be fully explained by the higher arterial pO2S or p50S of the hypercarbic rats. Hypercarbia may have indirectly suppressed Ep production by increasing blood flow to the site of Ep production. Alternatively, the cell of origin of Ep could be sensitive to changes in pH and/or PCO2. It was further demonstrated that neither the onset nor the degree of reticulocytosis could be predicted by the plasma Ep concentrations. It is likely that the removal of red blood cells led to a decrease in marrow transit time with the early emergence of reticulocytes after acute blood loss."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Modulation of erythropoietin concentrations by manipulation of hypercarbia.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Miller",
"Howard"
],
"ForeName": [
"M E",
"D"
],
"Initials": [
"ME",
"D"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"F.R. 5587",
"HL 07542",
"HL 16217"
],
"Agency": [
"PHS HHS",
"NHLBI NIH HHS",
"NHLBI NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"11096-26-7",
"142M471B3J",
"S88TT14065"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Erythropoietin",
"Carbon Dioxide",
"Oxygen"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Anemia",
"Animals",
"Carbon Dioxide",
"Erythropoietin",
"Female",
"Hypoxia",
"Oxygen",
"Rats",
"Respiration"
],
"QualifierName": [
"blood",
"",
"blood",
"blood",
"",
"blood",
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""
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}
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1979
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}
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{
"PMID": 122227,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1981,
"Month": 8,
"Day": 27
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2013,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 21
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The polyuria and hyposthenuria noted particularly following blood transfusion after prolonged periods of hypotension (dog, monkey) seem best explained by a prostaglandin-antidiuretic hormone (PG-ADH) antagonism, operating primarily in the renal medulla. The kidney releases greatly enhanced amounts of PGE at this time, which probably act primarily in the renal medulla, then secondarily influence the systemic (arterial) levels by passing in greater amounts through the lungs. The lungs normally metabolize the major portion of PGs delivered to them. Our data suggest impairment of the lung's \"up-take-metabolizing\" mechanism, but also could be interpreted as involving enhanced release of PGE from the lung, so net pulmonary extraction, (V--A)/V, shifts from positive to zero or even negative values in the hypotensive shock phase. This ratio tends to improve after transfusion, but systemic PGE levels remain elevated. It is speculated that in hemorrhagic shock enhanced concentration of PGE and other vasodilator PGs, produced in increased amounts by the kidney (and possibly other organs and tissues), appear in greater amounts in the systemic plasma because of the lung's altered function. These exert a decompensatory action on the peripheral vasculature."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Role of the kidney and lung in the handling of prostaglandin E in hemorrhagic shock.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Selkurt"
],
"ForeName": [
"E E"
],
"Initials": [
"EE"
],
"CollectiveName": [
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"HE 09553",
"HL 14159"
],
"Agency": [
"PHS HHS",
"NHLBI NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"0",
"11000-17-2",
"XXE1CET956"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors",
"Electrolytes",
"Prostaglandins E",
"Vasopressins",
"Indomethacin"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Aotus trivirgatus",
"Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors",
"Dogs",
"Electrolytes",
"Indomethacin",
"Kidney",
"Lung",
"Prostaglandins E",
"Shock, Hemorrhagic",
"Time Factors",
"Vasopressins"
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"QualifierName": [
"",
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"",
"metabolism",
"pharmacology",
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}
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1978
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1,
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1,
1,
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{
"PMID": 122254,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1981,
"Month": 10,
"Day": 25
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2018,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 13
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The method described permits the computation of the concentrations of free ions and ion-ligand complexes in a solution containing arbitrary numbers of divalent cations and ligands. It is required that the pH be known, along with appropriate sets of ligand-hydrogen and ligand-divalent cation concentration binding constants. It is assumed that these sets of constants are chosen to be consistent with the ionic strength of the complete solution which contains the divalent cations and ligands. The technique is an iterative one which provides upper and lower bounds for the values of the unknowns. The method does not require initial guesses at the values of the unknowns, and it gives correct answers even when the concentrations involved are many orders of magnitude apart. The present formulation of the problem is restricted to the case where only one cation can bind to a given ligand at any one time. The method is applicable to large molecules with multiple \"sub-ligands\" provided these sub-ligands are independent in their function as ion-binding sites. These sub-ligands need not all have the same properties. It is also shown that a simple modification of the method permits the determination of the subset of total ion concentrations that are required in order to produce a specified subset of free ion concentrations. The modifications required to include monovalent cation binding are presented in outline form."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Calculation of the concentrations of free cations and cation-ligand complexes in solutions containing multiple divalent cations and ligands.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Goldstein"
],
"ForeName": [
"D A"
],
"Initials": [
"DA"
],
"CollectiveName": [
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"HL-18208"
],
"Agency": [
"NHLBI NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
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"Journal Article",
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"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
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}
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"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"0",
"526U7A2651",
"8L70Q75FXE"
],
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"Cations, Divalent",
"Ligands",
"Solutions",
"Egtazic Acid",
"Adenosine Triphosphate"
]
}
},
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"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adenosine Triphosphate",
"Cations, Divalent",
"Chemical Phenomena",
"Chemistry",
"Egtazic Acid",
"Kinetics",
"Ligands",
"Mathematics",
"Solutions"
],
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]
]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
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"Year": [
1979,
1979,
1979
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5,
5,
5
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}
},
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"PMID": 122255,
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"Year": 1981,
"Month": 10,
"Day": 29
},
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"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2018,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 13
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Studies were done to investigate the transepithelial current-voltage (IT-VT) relationships of urinary bladder and colon of the toad Bufo marinus. Like several other Na transporting epithelia, the IT-VT plots characteristically showed a break at voltage E1, averaging near 124 mV for urinary bladder and 110 mV for colon. With bladders treated with antidiuretic hormone, estimates of ENa and shunt resistance, Rs, were obtained according to a method outlined by Yonath and Civan, 1971 (J Membr. Biol. 5:336-385). Our results not only confirmed their observations, but were consistent with the notion that the values of E1 (IT-VT plots) were the same as those of ENa. In addition, the values of Rs were found to be the same as those estimated from the quotient E1/I1 obtained from the voltage and current coordinates at the break of the IT-VT plot of bladders studied in both stretched and unstretched states. Amiloride at concentrations up to 10(-5) M caused a small decrease of both E1 and E1/I1 of urinary bladder. Similarly, amiloride caused small but significant changes of ENa and RNa of the colon. For both epithelia, the values of E1 and E1/I1 of the IT-VT plots were the same as those of ENa and Rs estimated by an independent method. In general, these findings are similar to those of several other epithelia where the ENa and Rs can be estimated directly from their IT-VT relationships."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Transepithelial current-voltage relationships of toad urinary bladder and colon. Estimates of ENaA and shunt resistance.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Macchia",
"Helman"
],
"ForeName": [
"D D",
"S I"
],
"Initials": [
"DD",
"SI"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"072-83",
"AM 16663",
"GM 619-15"
],
"Agency": [
"PHS HHS",
"NIADDK NIH HHS",
"NIGMS NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
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},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"11000-17-2",
"7DZO8EB0Z3",
"9NEZ333N27"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Vasopressins",
"Amiloride",
"Sodium"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Amiloride",
"Animals",
"Biological Transport, Active",
"Bufo marinus",
"Colon",
"Electric Conductivity",
"Epithelium",
"Sodium",
"Urinary Bladder",
"Vasopressins"
],
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1979,
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1979
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{
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"Month": 11,
"Day": 24
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"Year": 2018,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 13
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The time-course of myelin lattice swelling and its reversal in dissected peripheral nerves was determined by small-angle x-ray diffraction using a position-sensitive proportional detector. The process of swelling can take place either in several hours or in less than 1 h depending on pretreatment of the nerves. The reversal of swelling was always completed within 1 h. The rapid structural transitions involved the disordering of membrane pairs as indicated by the transient appearance of a continuous intensity distribution similar to the membrane pair transform for myelin. The slow transitions involved the gradual replacement of the discrete reflections from the native structure by the reflections from the swollen lattice. Myelin membrane arrays reformed in normal Ringer's solution were much more stable to subsequent swelling than arrays reformed in Ca+2 and Mg+2-free Ringer's. These results suggest that these ions participate in stabilizing the interactions between the external surfaces of adjacent membrane pairs."
},
"ArticleTitle": "X-ray diffraction study of the kinetics of myelin lattice swelling. Effect of divalent cations.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Padrón",
"Mateu",
"Kirschner"
],
"ForeName": [
"R",
"L",
"D A"
],
"Initials": [
"R",
"L",
"DA"
],
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"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"NS-13408",
"NS-14326"
],
"Agency": [
"NINDS NIH HHS",
"NINDS NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
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"Journal Article",
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"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
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}
},
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"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"I38ZP9992A",
"SY7Q814VUP"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Cations, Divalent",
"Magnesium",
"Calcium"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
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"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Bufo marinus",
"Calcium",
"Cations, Divalent",
"Kinetics",
"Magnesium",
"Myelin Sheath",
"Rats",
"Sciatic Nerve",
"X-Ray Diffraction"
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1979,
1979,
1979
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{
"PMID": 122289,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1982,
"Month": 1,
"Day": 20
},
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"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2015,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "This report describes the occurrence of cephalothoracic lipodystrophy in one of 7-yr-old identical twin sisters. The affected twin had classical loss of sc fat from her face, upper arms, and trunk as well as associated hypocomplementemia, microscopic hematuria, and a borderline oral glucose tolerance test without hyperinsulinism. The unaffected twin had a normal urinalysis, serum complement, and oral glucose tolerance. Both twins, when challenged iv with LRH or TRH, showed appropriate FSH and LH or TSH and PRL responses, respectively. This report, in conjunction with another similar twin pair recently described in the German literature, makes a simple, single gene genetic etiology untenable and supports the view that cephalothoracic lipodystrophy in an acquired disease."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Cephalothoracic lipodystrophy with hypocomplementemic renal disease: discordance in identical twin sisters.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Bier",
"O'Donnell",
"Kaplan"
],
"ForeName": [
"D M",
"J J",
"S L"
],
"Initials": [
"DM",
"JJ",
"SL"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"5 MOI-RR0079-14",
"EYO1054"
],
"Agency": [
"NCRR NIH HHS",
"NEI NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
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"Case Reports",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
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"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"33515-09-2",
"5Y5F15120W",
"9007-36-7"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Blood Glucose",
"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Complement System Proteins"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Blood Glucose",
"Child",
"Complement System Proteins",
"Diseases in Twins",
"Female",
"Glucose Tolerance Test",
"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Humans",
"Kidney Diseases",
"Lipodystrophy",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone"
],
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"metabolism",
"",
"deficiency",
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"",
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1978,
1978,
1978
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{
"PMID": 122292,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1982,
"Month": 1,
"Day": 20
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2015,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Our previous studies suggest that increased serum PRL, secondary to haloperidol-induced dopamine blockade, augments serum testosterone (T) levels in normal men. To rule out a direct effect of haloperidol on the testis, serum samples from a methyl-TRH study in normal men, in whom serum PRL levels were increased by a stimulus other than dopamine blockade, were analyzed for T. Fourteen subjects received both a low dose (6.25-12.5 micrograms) and a high dose (100-500 micrograms) of methyl-TRH on separate days; blood sampling was done for 15 min before and for 4 h after drug infusion. Compared to a saline control group of 14 normal men, who showed a diurnal decline of serum T levels, the methyl-TRH treated subjects had statistically significant increases in serum T after both low and high doses. These data provide further support for the concept that PRL is a pituitary hormone capable of augmenting serum T levels in normal adult men."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Influence of methyl-TRH-induced prolactin increase on serum testosterone levels in normal adult men.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Rubin",
"Poland",
"Sowers",
"Hershman"
],
"ForeName": [
"R T",
"R E",
"J R",
"J M"
],
"Initials": [
"RT",
"RE",
"JR",
"JM"
],
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"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
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"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"HD-7181",
"MH-28380",
"NIMH 47363"
],
"Agency": [
"NICHD NIH HHS",
"NIMH NIH HHS",
"NIMH NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
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"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
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"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
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"RegistryNumber": [
"34367-55-0",
"3XMK78S47O",
"5Y5F15120W",
"9002-62-4",
"SZB83O1W42"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"thyrotropin-releasing hormone, 1-Me-",
"Testosterone",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Prolactin",
"Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adult",
"Circadian Rhythm",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Prolactin",
"Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid",
"Reference Values",
"Testosterone",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone"
],
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"",
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"analogs & derivatives",
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} | {
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1978,
1978,
1978
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{
"PMID": 122293,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1982,
"Month": 1,
"Day": 28
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 25
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Platelets from diabetic patients show both increased platelet adhesiveness and sensitivity to aggregating agents. Plasma levels of the platelet-active von Willebrand Factor and the closely related factor-VIII antigen are significantly elevated, while factor VIII procoagulant activity is not. This may reflect either intravascular coagulation or disproportionate production or degradation. Plasma factors that enhance ADP-induced platelet aggregation are found in 50% of unselected male diabetics. Activity is clearly demonstrated only when plasma is added immediately prior to adding subthreshold doses of ADP to platelet-rich plasma obtained from control subjects. Systematic investigations of the molecular nature of such factors and their interactions with platelets are in progress. In platelets obtained from diabetic subjects, we have previously found increased sensitivity to the aggregating effects of arachidonic acid, and increased synthesis of immunoreactive prostaglandin E-like material. More recent studies have shown that platelets obtained from diabetic subjects are less sensitive to the antiaggregatory effects of imidazole, a thromboxane synthetase inhibitor. These observations suggest that increased synthesis of the labile aggregating substance thromboxane A2 also occurs in platelets obtained from diabetics. Collectively, these platelet and plasma abnormalities may contribute to accelerated vascular disease of diabetes. Prospective studies using antiplatelet agents are presently underway or in the planning stages in diabetics to explore their potential beneficial effects."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Platelet adhesion and aggregation in diabetes mellitus.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Colwell",
"Nair",
"Halushka",
"Rogers",
"Whetsell",
"Sagel"
],
"ForeName": [
"J A",
"R M",
"P V",
"C",
"A",
"J"
],
"Initials": [
"JA",
"RM",
"PV",
"C",
"A",
"J"
],
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"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
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]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"20387"
],
"Agency": [
"PHS HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
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}
},
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},
"ChemicalList": {
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"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"0",
"0",
"0",
"0",
"27YG812J1I",
"61D2G4IYVH",
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"NameOfSubstance": [
"Arachidonic Acids",
"Blood Coagulation Factors",
"Imidazoles",
"Insulin",
"Platelet Activating Factor",
"von Willebrand Factor",
"Arachidonic Acid",
"Adenosine Diphosphate",
"Factor VIII"
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}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
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"DescriptorName": [
"Adenosine Diphosphate",
"Adult",
"Arachidonic Acid",
"Arachidonic Acids",
"Blood Coagulation Factors",
"Blood Platelets",
"Diabetes Mellitus",
"Factor VIII",
"Humans",
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"Insulin",
"Male",
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"Platelet Adhesiveness",
"Platelet Aggregation",
"von Willebrand Factor"
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}
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"PMID": 122294,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1982,
"Month": 1,
"Day": 28
},
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"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 25
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Intimal smooth muscle proliferation is the hallmark of the lesions of atherosclerosis. Endothelial injury is postulated to precede this intimal smooth muscle proliferative response, which is mediated by a potent mitogenic factor derived from adherence, aggregation, and release by platelets at sites of endothelial injury. Smooth muscle proliferation is accompanied by varying amounts of connective tissue formation and intracellular and extracellular lipid deposition, dependent upon the risk factors encountered in each patient. The platelet-derived mitogen (PF) is a stable, cationic, relatively low molecular weight (10,000-30,000) protein that has been partially purified by ion exchange chromotography and gel filtration. Less than 100 ng of PF/ml culture medium can stimulate sparse 3T3 cells or smooth muscle cells, but not endothelial cells, to undergo multiple cell divisions in the presence of 5% cell-free, plasma-derived serum. The latter contains no mitogenic activity. The interaction of the platelet mitogen and plasma-derived components, including lipoproteins, plays a critical role in smooth muscle proliferation in vitro and in vivo in the induction of the lesions of atherosclerosis."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Platelets: cell proliferation and atherosclerosis.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Ross"
],
"ForeName": [
"R"
],
"Initials": [
"R"
],
"CollectiveName": [
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AG00299",
"AM 13970",
"HL18645"
],
"Agency": [
"NIA NIH HHS",
"NIADDK NIH HHS",
"NHLBI NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"0",
"0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Growth Substances",
"Mitogens",
"Peptides",
"Platelet-Derived Growth Factor"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Arteriosclerosis",
"Blood",
"Blood Platelets",
"Cell Division",
"Cells, Cultured",
"Endothelium",
"Growth Substances",
"Haplorhini",
"Mitogens",
"Muscle, Smooth, Vascular",
"Peptides",
"Platelet-Derived Growth Factor"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"etiology",
"",
"physiology",
"drug effects",
"",
"cytology",
"pharmacology",
"",
"pharmacology",
"cytology",
"pharmacology",
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]
}
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{
"PMID": 122295,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1982,
"Month": 1,
"Day": 28
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 25
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The most abundant minor hemoglobin component of human hemolysate is Hb A1c, which has glucose bound to the N-terminus of the beta chain by a ketoamine linkage. Hb A1c is formed slowly and continuously throughout the 120 day lifespan of the red cell. It can be synthesized in vitro by incubating purified hemoglobin with 14C-glucose. Other minor components, Hb A1a1 and Hb A1a2 are adducts of sugar phosphates at the N-terminus of the beta chain. Hb A1b contains an unidentified nonphosphorylated sugar at the beta N-terminus. In addition, a significant portion of the major hemoglobin component (Hb Ao) is also glycosylated by a glucose ketoamine linkage at other sites on the molecule, including the N-terminus of the alpha chain and the epsilon-amino group of several lysine residues on both the alpha and the beta chains. The results indicate that the interaction of glucose and hemoglobin is rather nonspecific and suggests that other proteins are modified in a similar fashion."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Nonenzymatic glycosylation of human hemoglobin at multiple sites.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Shapiro",
"McManus",
"Garrick",
"McDonald",
"Bunn"
],
"ForeName": [
"R",
"M",
"L",
"M J",
"H F"
],
"Initials": [
"R",
"M",
"L",
"MJ",
"HF"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AM 18223"
],
"Agency": [
"NIADDK NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"0",
"0",
"25104-18-1",
"9034-51-9",
"IY9XDZ35W2",
"K3Z4F929H6"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Blood Glucose",
"Carbon Radioisotopes",
"Glycated Hemoglobin A",
"Peptide Fragments",
"Polylysine",
"Hemoglobin A",
"Glucose",
"Lysine"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Blood Glucose",
"Carbon Radioisotopes",
"Chemical Phenomena",
"Chemistry",
"Glucose",
"Glycated Hemoglobin A",
"Hemoglobin A",
"Humans",
"In Vitro Techniques",
"Lysine",
"Peptide Fragments",
"Polylysine"
],
"QualifierName": [
"metabolism",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"biosynthesis",
"metabolism",
"",
"",
"metabolism",
"analysis",
"metabolism"
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
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[],
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"122295",
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"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
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1979,
1979,
1979
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"Month": [
4,
4,
4
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
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}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
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{
"PMID": 122298,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1982,
"Month": 1,
"Day": 28
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 25
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Studies with the aldose reductase inhibitor alrestatin in animal models have suggested that the sorbitol pathway may be of etiologic significance in the pathogenesis of peripheral neuropathy in diabetes. In normal subjects and in highly selected diabetic patients with severe peripheral neuropathy, alrestatin given either intravenously (50 mg/kg body weight) or orally (1 gm q.i.d.) produced no acute toxicity. The serum half-life of alrestatin was approximately 1 hr, and 99% was recovered in the urine within 24 hr. Two diabetic patients receiving alrestatin intravenously reported subjective improvements in clinical symptoms 2 days following the start of infusions. These improvements lasted approximately 3 wk after infusions were discontinued. However, there were no significant objective changes in peripheral nerve condition velocities, or on neurologic examination. In a 30-day oral trial with alrestatin in 4 diabetics, there were no subjective improvements in clinical symptoms nor were there objective improvements on neurologic examination or in peripheral nerve conduction velocities. In this study, peak serum levels of alrestatin were approximately 3 times lower than those obtained on intravenous administration, and it is possible that a high peak serum level is critical to the attainment of adequate tissue drug concentrations. Furthermore, the patients were suffering from severe clinical peripheral neuropathy, which could represent a stage of permanent irreversible nerve damage. Studies with alrestatin in newly diagnosed diabetics with peripheral nerve conduction velocity deficits but without clinical neuropathy might provide a better test of the sorbitol pathway hypothesis."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Aldose reductase inhibition: studies with alrestatin.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Gabbay",
"Spack",
"Loo",
"Hirsch",
"Ackil"
],
"ForeName": [
"K H",
"N",
"S",
"H J",
"A A"
],
"Initials": [
"KH",
"N",
"S",
"HJ",
"AA"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AM-15019"
],
"Agency": [
"NIADDK NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"515DHK15LG",
"EC 1.1.-",
"EC 1.1.1.21"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Isoquinolines",
"alrestatin",
"Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases",
"Aldehyde Reductase"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Absorption",
"Aged",
"Aldehyde Reductase",
"Diabetic Neuropathies",
"Drug Evaluation",
"Female",
"Half-Life",
"Humans",
"Isoquinolines",
"Kinetics",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Neural Conduction",
"Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"",
"antagonists & inhibitors",
"drug therapy",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"blood",
"",
"",
"",
"drug effects",
"antagonists & inhibitors"
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
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"122298",
"0026-0495(79)90059-3",
"10.1016/0026-0495(79)90059-3"
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"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1979,
1979,
1979
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"Month": [
4,
4,
4
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122317,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1982,
"Month": 3,
"Day": 26
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2007,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 14
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Living, heat or formalin killed Bacteroides fragilis and a crude preparation of their cell walls were examined by the Boyden technique for chemotactic activity upon guinea pig peritoneal exudate cells. Their relative chemotactic activity ranged from 3.0 to 5.2 compared to an average value of 6.4 for the positive control, an endotoxic culture filtrate of Escherichia coli. A culture filtrate of B. fragilis and an index of 3.7. Miocrogram quantities of cytoplasmic preparations obtained by ammonium sulphate precipitation had chemotactic indices ranging from 2.8 to 6.4, the highest value being displayed by the precipitate formed between 50 and 75% saturation with ammonium sulphate. This fraction retained leucotactic activity after exposure to strong acid and heat. The leucotactic potency of these fractions did not correlate directly with their protein content. Further precipitation of the most active fraction with 80% ethanol revealed that there was little chemotactic activity attributable to polysaccharides. Gas liquid chromatography of a chloroform-methanol extract of the cells which had a chemotactic index of 6.1 revealed the presence of more than thirty fatty acids ranging in carbon length from C8 to C25. These results suggest a role of lipids as initiators of the leucotactic response associated with infections caused by B. fragilis."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Chemotaxis by lipids isolated from Bacteroides fragilis.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Adebiyi",
"Campbell",
"Hentges",
"Barrett"
],
"ForeName": [
"R F",
"B J",
"D J",
"J T"
],
"Initials": [
"RF",
"BJ",
"DJ",
"JT"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AI-12530"
],
"Agency": [
"NIAID NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "Nigeria"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Fatty Acids",
"Lipids"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Bacteroides fragilis",
"Chemotaxis",
"Fatty Acids",
"Guinea Pigs",
"Lipids"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"analysis",
"",
"physiology",
"",
"physiology"
]
}
}
} | {
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"ArticleId": [
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"122317"
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]
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"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
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"Year": [
1979,
1979,
1979
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"Month": [
9,
9,
9
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
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}
} |
{
"PMID": 122395,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2018,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 30
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "This study was designed to investigate whether the amounts of progesterone (P) normally present at midcycle, when administered to normal women pretreated with estradiol benzoate (E2B), alter the release of LH and FSH. Twelve subjects (four groups of three) were studied during two menstrual cycles. On day 1 of both the initial (E2 control) and a subsequent (study) cycle, each subject received E2B im (2.5 micrograms/kg/12 h) for a total of seven injections. Twelve hours after the final injection, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) was given. In the study cycle, P in oil was added to each of the last three injections of E2B in doses of 1.25 (group I), 2.5 (group II), or 5.0 (group III) mg/12 h, and in one group (IV) in graded doses of 1.25 2.5, and 5.0 mg/12 h. Estradiol levels were similar in both cycles, with a mean (+/- SE) of 271 +/- 3 pg/ml. During the interval of P administration, mean P levels rose gradually from 0.3 +/- 0.02 to 1.3 +/-0.12 ng/ml (mean +/- SE of all groups). In the study cycle, an FSH rise occurred in 8 of 12 subjects, while an LH surge greater than that in the E2 control cycle occurred in all but one subject. Peak levels of these surges usually occurred within 24 h of the initial P injection, which is similar to the relationship between the initial rise of P and the occurrence of peak gonadotropin levels at midcycle in normal women. The mean delta max of FSH and LH in subjects exhibiting gonadotropin rises approximated the magnitude of the gonadotropin increases observed normally at midcycle. In response to GnRH during the study cycle, the magnitude of the FSH rise was augmented in 6 of 12 subjects and of LH in 9 of 12, when compared to the E2 control cycles. These data suggest that P, in the presence of late follicular phase levels of E2, 1) augments the release of LH, 2) may induce the release of FSH, and 3) further modulates pituitary responsiveness to GnRH. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that the rising concentrations of E2 to which the hypothalamic-pituitary system is exposed for an appropriate duration serve to initiate the surge of LH at midcycle. This increased LH in turn, stimulates the production of P, which not only further augments the LH surge but, when coupled with E2, also can effect the midcycle FSH surge."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Progesterone effects on gonadotropin release in women pretreated with estradiol.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Chang",
"Jaffe"
],
"ForeName": [
"R J",
"R B"
],
"Initials": [
"RJ",
"RB"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"HD-08035"
],
"Agency": [
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"4G7DS2Q64Y",
"4TI98Z838E",
"9002-67-9",
"9002-68-0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Progesterone",
"Estradiol",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Estradiol",
"Female",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Humans",
"Kinetics",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Menstruation",
"Progesterone"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"",
"blood",
"",
"",
"blood",
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"blood"
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}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
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"122395",
"10.1210/jcem-47-1-119"
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"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
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"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
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"Month": [
7,
7,
7
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
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"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122396,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2018,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 30
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "To determine whether female transsexuals have abnormal hypothalamic-pituitary feedback control, pituitary LH and FSH secretory responses to synthetic LRH (100 micrograms iv) were measured in nine female transsexuals with normal menstrual cycles before and after a 7-day course of treatment with diethylstilbestrol (DES; 2 mg/day). Control groups included five heterosexual women and seven heterosexual men. Pituitary responses to LHR in heterosexual women studied in the early follicular phase increased markedly after DES administration and were clearly different from responses in men, which were all inhibited by DES. Responses to LRH in nine transsexual women studied in the early follicular phase differed strikingly from normal women in that gonadotropin responses were not enhanced by DES. The finding that the responses of female transsexuals to DES and LRH were intermediate between the female and the male patterns suggests that a biological abnormality accompanies the psychological abnormality in such patients."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Abnormal gonadotropin secretory responses to LRH in transsexual women after diethylstilbestrol priming.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Seyler",
"Canalis",
"Spare",
"Reichlin"
],
"ForeName": [
"L E",
"E",
"S",
"S"
],
"Initials": [
"LE",
"E",
"S",
"S"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AM16684-03",
"RR00054-14"
],
"Agency": [
"NIADDK NIH HHS",
"NCRR NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"33515-09-2",
"731DCA35BT",
"9002-67-9",
"9002-68-0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Diethylstilbestrol",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adult",
"Diethylstilbestrol",
"Female",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Humans",
"Kinetics",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Male",
"Reference Values",
"Transsexualism"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"",
"",
"blood",
"",
"",
"",
"blood",
"",
"",
"physiopathology"
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
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"122396",
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"Year": [
1978,
2001,
1978
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"Month": [
7,
3,
7
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"Day": [
1,
28,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
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{
"PMID": 122398,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2015,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "To determine an index of adequate suppression of pituitary TSH secretion in euthyroid goitrous patients treated with sodium levothyroxine (T4), TSH responses to 500 micrograms TRH given iv were compared with thyroid 24-h radioiodine uptakes during therapy with T4 in 12 euthyroid goitrous patients. The patients received sequentially 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 micrograms T4 with the doses increased at 4-6 week intervals. The mean dose of T4 that reduced the peak TSH response to TSH to the lower limit of normal (TSH = 5 microU/ml) was 130 micrograms; the mean T4 dose that suppressed the TSH response to one-half the lower limit of normal (TSH = 2.5 microU/ml) was 165 micrograms. The mean T4 dose that nearly obliterated the TSH response was 200 micrograms; this degree of suppression occurred with doses of 100-300 micrograms T4 in individual patients. Suppression of thyroid uptake correlated closely with suppression of the TSH response to TRH. The goiter diminished in size significantly in 6 of the 12 patients during the 6 months of observation adn did not enlarge in any patient. The data indicate that suppression of the TSH response to TRH is a convenient technique to assess the adequacy of suppressive therapy of goiter."
},
"ArticleTitle": "TRH test as an index of suppression compared with the thyroid radioiodine uptake in euthyroid goitrous patients treated with thyroxine.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Krugman",
"Hershman"
],
"ForeName": [
"L G",
"J M"
],
"Initials": [
"LG",
"JM"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"HD-7181"
],
"Agency": [
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"0",
"5Y5F15120W",
"Q51BO43MG4"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Antibodies",
"Iodides",
"Iodine Radioisotopes",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Thyroxine"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adult",
"Antibodies",
"Female",
"Goiter",
"Humans",
"Iodides",
"Iodine Radioisotopes",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Thyroid Gland",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Thyroxine"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"analysis",
"",
"drug therapy",
"",
"metabolism",
"",
"",
"",
"immunology",
"",
"therapeutic use"
]
}
}
} | {
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"122398",
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"History": {
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"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
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"Month": [
7,
7,
7
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"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122401,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2013,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 21
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Plasma testosterone (T), fractional binding of T to T-binding globulin (TeBG), LH, and FSH were evaluated in 22 obese men. Only 1 of 12 men weighing from 176-200% of ideal body weight (group I) had a low T concentration, while 9 of 10 men greater than 200% of ideal weight (group II) had plasma T concentrations 2 SD below the normal mean. The fractional binding of T to TeBG was equally and significantly decreased in both groups. As a result, the mean and individually calculated free T concentrations (free T index) were normal in group I. In contrast, the mean free T index in group II was significantly less than normal males and group I. Individually, 1 of 7 group II men had a free T index 2 SD below the normal mean. LH and FSH were normal in both groups. These studies indicate that in most obese males a low or low normal T is offset by decreased binding to TeBG, resulting in a normal free T index. However, some morbidly obese males are unable to alter their hypothalamic-hypophyseal-gonadal axis to maintain a normal free T index."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Depressed plasma testosterone and fractional binding of testosterone in obese males.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Amatruda",
"Harman",
"Pourmotabbed",
"Lockwood"
],
"ForeName": [
"J M",
"S M",
"G",
"D H"
],
"Initials": [
"JM",
"SM",
"G",
"DH"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AM-02202",
"RR-00035"
],
"Agency": [
"NIADDK NIH HHS",
"NCRR NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"3XMK78S47O",
"9002-67-9",
"9002-68-0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin",
"Testosterone",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adult",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Humans",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Male",
"Obesity",
"Reference Values",
"Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin",
"Testosterone"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"blood",
"",
"blood",
"",
"blood",
"",
"metabolism",
"blood"
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
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[],
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"122401",
"10.1210/jcem-47-2-268"
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"History": {
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"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
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"Month": [
8,
8,
8
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"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
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{
"PMID": 122402,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
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"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2018,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 30
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "In nine euthyroid goitrous patients, increasing doses of T4 caused a significant decrease in the PRL response to TRH; the PRL response fell significantly at a dose of T4 of 100 micrograms/day for 1 month (P less than 0.02) and fell further with increasing doses so that at 300 micrograms T4/day, the PRL response was 40% of that in the untreated state. T4 treatment also blunted the PRL response to chlorpromazine (P less than 0.05) in a separate group of euthyroid goitrous patients. In contrast, there was only a small drop of the PRL response to TRH in normal subjects treated with T4 (n = 9) and none at all with T3 (n = 7). These data, together with previously published reports, suggest that thyroid hormone may affect PRL secretion in the presence of thyroid disease (hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, or euthyroid goiter), but that physiological amounts of thyroid hormone have little or no modulating effect on PRL secretion in normal persons."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Effect of thyroid hormones on the prolactin response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone in normal persons and euthyroid goitrous patients.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Carlson",
"Sawin",
"Krugman",
"Meyer",
"Hershman"
],
"ForeName": [
"H E",
"C T",
"L G",
"N C",
"J M"
],
"Initials": [
"HE",
"CT",
"LG",
"NC",
"JM"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"HD-7181"
],
"Agency": [
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"06LU7C9H1V",
"5Y5F15120W",
"9002-62-4",
"Q51BO43MG4",
"U42B7VYA4P"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Triiodothyronine",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Prolactin",
"Thyroxine",
"Chlorpromazine"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adolescent",
"Adult",
"Chlorpromazine",
"Goiter",
"Humans",
"Kinetics",
"Male",
"Prolactin",
"Reference Values",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Thyroxine",
"Triiodothyronine"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"",
"",
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]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
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[],
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"122402",
"10.1210/jcem-47-2-275"
]
]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
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"Month": [
8,
8,
8
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122403,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2013,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 21
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "A 36-yr-old black female presented with primary amenorrhea. The chromosomal constitution based on QFQ (Q bands by fluorescence using quinacrine) RFA (R bands by fluorescence using acridine orange), GTG (G band by Giemsa using trypsin), and CBG (C band by Giemsa using barium hydroxide) techniques was 46, XX, duplicated (9; q12), inverted (9; p12q12.1) in lymphocytes and skin fibroblasts. Both sex chromosomes were normal. Buccal smear revealed 22% Barr bodies. Duplication and inversion of secondary constriction regions of chromosome 9 may possibly be associated with abnormal clinical features."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Primary amenorrhea in a black female with duplication and inversion of the secondary constriction regions of chromosome 9.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Khan",
"Verma",
"Dosik",
"Warman"
],
"ForeName": [
"F",
"R S",
"H",
"J"
],
"Initials": [
"F",
"RS",
"H",
"J"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"N01-CP-43251"
],
"Agency": [
"NCI NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Case Reports",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"4TI98Z838E",
"9002-62-4",
"9002-67-9",
"9002-68-0",
"Q51BO43MG4"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Androgens",
"Steroids",
"Estradiol",
"Prolactin",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Thyroxine"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adult",
"Amenorrhea",
"Androgens",
"Chromosome Aberrations",
"Chromosome Disorders",
"Chromosomes, Human, 6-12 and X",
"Estradiol",
"Female",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Humans",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Prolactin",
"Steroids",
"Thyroxine"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
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"blood",
"",
"",
"",
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"blood",
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"blood",
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]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
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"122403",
"10.1210/jcem-47-2-280"
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]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
],
"Month": [
8,
8,
8
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122404,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2015,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Pituitary function has been studied sequentially after transsphenoidal removal of pituitary microadenomas in two men with Cushing's disease. Patient 1 gradually regained normal glucocorticoid levels with normal diurnal variation, metyrapone responsiveness, and low dose dexamethasone suppressibility (17-hydroxycorticosteroid, 6.5-0.9 mg/24 h). GH levels rose from 1 to 35 ng/ml during insulin hypoglycemia and from 2.3 to 27 ng/ml during arginine infusion. PRL secretion rose normally in response to thorazine, and gonadotropin and TSH levels remained normal. Patient 2 regained significant metyrapone responsiveness by 9 months postoperatively (11-deoxycortisol rose to 11.7 micrograms/dl), had a normal spontaneous nocturnal rise in PRL secretion, and normal levels of testosterone and thyroid hormones. The return to normal of cortisol-ACTH dynamics and GH responsiveness in Patient 1 and the normal nocturnal surge in PRL secretion in Patient 2 imply that in these patients the etiology of Cushing's disease was not related to hypothalamic dysfunction."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Pituitary function after removal of pituitary microadenomas in Cushing's disease.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Schnall",
"Brodkey",
"Kaufman",
"Pearson"
],
"ForeName": [
"A M",
"J S",
"B",
"O H"
],
"Initials": [
"AM",
"JS",
"B",
"OH"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"CA-05197-17",
"RR-80"
],
"Agency": [
"NCI NIH HHS",
"NCRR NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Case Reports",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"9002-67-9",
"9002-68-0",
"Q51BO43MG4",
"WI4X0X7BPJ",
"ZS9KD92H6V"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"17-Ketosteroids",
"Insulin",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Thyroxine",
"Hydrocortisone",
"Metyrapone"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"17-Ketosteroids",
"Adenoma",
"Adult",
"Cushing Syndrome",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Humans",
"Hydrocortisone",
"Insulin",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Male",
"Metyrapone",
"Pituitary Gland",
"Pituitary Neoplasms",
"Thyroxine"
],
"QualifierName": [
"urine",
"surgery",
"",
"etiology",
"blood",
"",
"blood",
"",
"blood",
"",
"",
"physiopathology",
"surgery",
"blood"
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
[
"122404",
"10.1210/jcem-47-2-410"
]
]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
],
"Month": [
8,
8,
8
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
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}
},
"ReferenceList": {
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}
} |
{
"PMID": 122406,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2015,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "In an earlier study, normal adult men were shown to have increased plasma testosterone (T) levels over a several-hour period after haloperidol-induced increases in plasma PRL levels. The present study was designed both to replicate our first study and to examine the potential synergism of PRL and LH in influencing T levels on a short term basis in normal men. Eight volunteers received on 4 separate days an in injection of saline or 0.5 mg haloperidol at 1000 h and an iv injection of saline or 88 IU human LH (hLH) at 1100 h in a double blind randomized block design arranged to augment plasma levels of PRL, LH, and PRL and LH together on the different test days as well as to afford a saline control day. Only five of the eight subjects had prompt PRL responses to haloperidol equivalent to those of our earlier study. As the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of increased PRL on plasma T levels, these five subjects were used for the determination of changes in plasma T. After haloperidol administration, their PRL levels rose an average of 19 ng/ml, to the high-normal range, and after the hLH infusions, their LH levels rose an average of 71 ng/ml. On the saline control day, mean T levels showed the normal diurnal decline. After 0.5 mg haloperidol, T levels were maintained for several hours, and after 88 IU hLH, T levels were increased for several hours. Increased PRL levels concomitant with hLH administration did not produce a T response greater than that caused by hLH alone. The results of this study replicate the effect of drug-induced PRL augmentation on plasma T levels found in our earlier study, but they fail to demonstrate a synergistic effect of acutely increased PRL on LH-stimulated T secretion. PRL thus seems to be another pituitary hormone capable of increasing plasma T in adult men, but it clearly is a weaker stimulus than LH."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Effects of prolactin and prolactin plus luteinizing hormone on plasma testosterone levels in normal adult men.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Rubin",
"Poland",
"Sobel",
"Tower",
"Odell"
],
"ForeName": [
"R T",
"R E",
"I",
"B B",
"W D"
],
"Initials": [
"RT",
"RE",
"I",
"BB",
"WD"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"MH-28380",
"MH-47363",
"RR-00425"
],
"Agency": [
"NIMH NIH HHS",
"NIMH NIH HHS",
"NCRR NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Clinical Trial",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"3XMK78S47O",
"9002-62-4",
"9002-67-9",
"9002-68-0",
"J6292F8L3D"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Testosterone",
"Prolactin",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Haloperidol"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adult",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Haloperidol",
"Humans",
"Kinetics",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Male",
"Prolactin",
"Reference Values",
"Testosterone"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
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}
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"122406",
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"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
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1978,
1978,
1978
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8,
8,
8
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122408,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2018,
"Month": 12,
"Day": 17
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Although the role of the neurotransmitter, dopamine (DA), in the regulation of PRL has been well documented, controversy exists regarding its participation in the regulation of the other pituitary hormones. Consequently, we infused DA into six healthy male subjects (ages 19-32) and studied its effects on both basal pituitary hormone levels and augmented hormonal release induced by insulin hypoglycemia (ITT), TRH, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). DA alone produced a modest though significant increase in GH concentration from 2.2 +/- 0.5 to 11.9 +/- 3.7 ng/ml (P less than 0.05) by 60 min, but the peak incremental GH response to ITT was significantly inhibited by DA (43.5 +/- 5.0 vs. 16.3 +/- 3.3 ng/ml; P less than 0.01). PRL concentrations fell during the DA infusion (20.4 +/- 3.0 to 10.6 +/- 1.5 ng/ml; P less than 0.02) at 235 min, and the PRL responses to both ITT and TRH were completely abolished. Although the basal LH and FSH concentrations were unaffected by DA, the incremental LH response to GnRH was inhibited (45.5 +/- 10.6 to 24.4 +/- 5.4 mIU/ml; P less than 0.05), while the FSH response was unchanged. DA significantly reduced the basal TSH concentration from 3.9 +/- 0.2 to 2.5 +/- 0.2 micro U/ml (P less than 0.01) at 230 min and blunted the peak incremental TSH response to TRH (6.0 +/- 1.5 vs. 2.9 +/- 0.9 microU/ml; P less than 0.01). DA had no effect on basal cortisol levels, the cortisol response to ITT, basal plasma glucose, or the degree of hypoglycemia after ITT. Our data provide new evidence that DA has an inhibitory as well as a stimulatory role in the regulation of GH secretion in normal humans. It inhibits centrally as well as peripherally mediated PRL secretion and blunts the LH response to GnRH. In addition, DA lowers both basal and TRH-mediated TSH release, confirming the reports of other investigators."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Dopamine affects basal and augmented pituitary hormone secretion.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Leebaw",
"Lee",
"Woolf"
],
"ForeName": [
"W F",
"L A",
"P D"
],
"Initials": [
"WF",
"LA",
"PD"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"NS-11642",
"RR-00044",
"RR-05403"
],
"Agency": [
"NINDS NIH HHS",
"NCRR NIH HHS",
"NCRR NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"9002-62-4",
"9002-67-9",
"9002-68-0",
"9002-71-5",
"9002-72-6",
"VTD58H1Z2X"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Insulin",
"Pituitary Hormones",
"Prolactin",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Thyrotropin",
"Growth Hormone",
"Dopamine"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adult",
"Dopamine",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Growth Hormone",
"Humans",
"Insulin",
"Insulin Secretion",
"Kinetics",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Male",
"Pituitary Gland",
"Pituitary Hormones",
"Prolactin",
"Thyrotropin"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"",
"metabolism",
"metabolism",
"",
"metabolism",
"",
"",
"metabolism",
"",
"drug effects",
"metabolism",
"metabolism",
"metabolism"
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
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"122408",
"10.1210/jcem-47-3-480"
]
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"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
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"Month": [
9,
9,
9
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
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{
"PMID": 122409,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2018,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 30
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The influence of endogenous estradiol (E2) levels on gonadotropin and PRL sensitivity to dopamine (DA) infusion (4 micrograms/kg/min) was assessed at different stages of the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Basal LH and FSH levels were comparable in day 2 and day 12 subjects, and despite a 4-fold increase in E2 concentration, the inhibition of LH by DA was small and quantitatively similar and there was no discernible effect on FSH in either group. In marked contrast, day 14 subjects with an elevated basal LH level exhibited a dramatic increase in the sensitivity of LH and FSH to DA inhibition. Further, a remarkable rebound release for LH but not FSH occurred on the termination of DA infusion. There was a significant correlation between basal LH and response to DA (r = 0.979). This unique increase in response to DA at a time when hypothalamic LRF secretion is assumed to be elevated suggests that DA may exert its effect by inhibiting LRF release. The inhibition of PRL release by DA is correlated with endogenous E2 levels (r equal 0.685) as well as basal PRL levels (r = 0.878). Rebound release of PRL occurs in all three groups of women on termination of the DA infusion, but the magnitude was greatest in Day 14 subjects with the highest endogenous E2 levels. These data suggest that while E2 seems to augment the sensitivity of PRL inhibition by DA, its does not seem to directly influence gonadotropin sensitivity to DA inhibition. The selective hypersensitivity of both LH and FSH to DA observed on the day before midcycle LH peak is consistent with a reduction in LRF neuronal inhibition by tuberoinfundibular DA neurons at this time."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Inhibition of gonadotropin and prolactin release by dopamine: effect of endogenous estradiol levels.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Judd",
"Rakoff",
"Yen"
],
"ForeName": [
"S J",
"J S",
"S S"
],
"Initials": [
"SJ",
"JS",
"SS"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"RR-00827"
],
"Agency": [
"NCRR NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"2DI9HA706A",
"4TI98Z838E",
"9002-62-4",
"9002-67-9",
"9002-68-0",
"VTD58H1Z2X"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Estrone",
"Estradiol",
"Prolactin",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Dopamine"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Dopamine",
"Estradiol",
"Estrone",
"Female",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Follicular Phase",
"Humans",
"Kinetics",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Prolactin"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
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}
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"History": {
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"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
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"Month": [
9,
9,
9
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"Day": [
1,
1,
1
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}
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"CitationId": []
}
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{
"PMID": 122410,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2015,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 19
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "A patient who had been treated with large doses of thyroid hormone for several years developed features of secondary hypothyroidism after thyroid hormone withdrawal. These findings were low serum T4 (3.8 micrograms/dl), T3 (23 ng/dl), and a failure of serum TSH to rise after TRH injection. Serum PRL values rose normally after TRH administration, and evaluation of other pituitary hormones was normal. When retested 3 months later, at which time the serum T4 was 5.5 micrograms/dl, the patient was somewhat less hypothyroid and there was an exaggerated TSH response to exogenous TRH, indicating recovery of pituitary TSH reserve. Indirect assessment of endogenous TRH reserve capacity was consistent with impairment of endogenous TRH activity. Repeat studies performed 7 months later indicated some improvements in this indirect assessment of endogenous TRH reserve capacity but a continued exaggerated TSH response to exogenous TRH administration. Further testing at 28 months revealed a serum T4 value of 7.8 micrograms/dl and a serum T3 value of 141 ng/dl. At this time, the TSH response to TRH was normal and the patient was considered fully recovered. A causal relationship between high doses of thyroid hormone and the presumptive impairment of endogenous TRH reserve is suggested."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Transient TRH deficiency after prolonged thyroid hormone therapy.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Singer",
"Nicoloff",
"Stein",
"Jaramillo"
],
"ForeName": [
"P A",
"J T",
"R B",
"J"
],
"Initials": [
"PA",
"JT",
"RB",
"J"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AM-11727",
"AM-53093",
"RR-43"
],
"Agency": [
"NIADDK NIH HHS",
"NIADDK NIH HHS",
"NCRR NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Case Reports",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"06LU7C9H1V",
"5Y5F15120W",
"9002-71-5",
"Q51BO43MG4"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Triiodothyronine",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Thyrotropin",
"Thyroxine"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adolescent",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Hypothyroidism",
"Kinetics",
"Thyrotropin",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Thyroxine",
"Triiodothyronine"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"",
"",
"drug therapy",
"",
"blood",
"deficiency",
"adverse effects",
"therapeutic use"
]
}
}
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"History": {
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"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
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"Month": [
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9,
9
],
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1,
1,
1
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}
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{
"PMID": 122414,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2013,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 21
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Thyroglobulin samples were prepared individually be gel chromatography from the thyroids of five persons without thyroid disease and four with goiters. Gel electrophoresis at different pHs and gel concentrations showed a single major band corresponding to 19S thyroglobulin in rabbits, with occasional faint bands corresponding to 12S and 27S species. The thyroglobulins of the normals differed from each other in electrophoretic pattern on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-urea gels and in composition of iodine, monosaccharides, and amino acids. Nine amino acids showed significant variation among the five thyroglobulins at the P less than 0.01 level, and only two (lysine and alanine) did not vary. The content of both sialic acid and fucose varied widely, but their sum was similar among the five samples. Thyroglobulin samples from the goiters differed from the normals and from each other in composition and in pattern on SDS-urea gels. The variability itself was more impressive than were differences in any particular component. Relative to the normals, these thyroglobulins showed increases in content of sialic acid (P less than 0.01) and lysine (P less than 0.10), and increases in the faster bands on gel electrophoresis in SDS-urea. Two goiters were from patients with the multiple hamartoma syndrome, and the only metabolic abnormality found was a low content of iodothyronine in thyroglobulin. The other two goiters also showed inadequate coupling of iodotyrosyls. In addition, one contained a soluble iodoprotein of very high molecular weight, which was immunologically identical to 19S thyroglobulin but differed in chemical composition. We conclude from the compositional data that there is not a single structure for \"normal\" thyroglobulin, but that multiple molecular configurations occur naturally and are compatible with adequate hormone synthesis. Extensive variations in thyroglobulin structure are frequently found with goiter, and we suggest that these may be involved in its pathogenesis."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Variations in the structure of thyroglobulins from normal and goitrous human thyroids.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Dunn",
"Ray"
],
"ForeName": [
"J T",
"S C"
],
"Initials": [
"JT",
"SC"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AM-11043",
"GRS 5-RR05431",
"RR-847"
],
"Agency": [
"NIADDK NIH HHS",
"NCRR NIH HHS",
"NCRR NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"9010-34-8",
"9679TC07X4"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Amino Acids",
"Monosaccharides",
"Thyroglobulin",
"Iodine"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adult",
"Amino Acids",
"Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel",
"Female",
"Goiter",
"Hamartoma",
"Humans",
"Immunodiffusion",
"Immunosorbent Techniques",
"Iodine",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Monosaccharides",
"Thyroglobulin",
"Thyroid Neoplasms"
],
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"",
"analysis",
"",
"",
"metabolism",
"metabolism",
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"analysis",
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}
}
} | {
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"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
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10,
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10
],
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1,
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}
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{
"PMID": 122415,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2018,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 30
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "An in vitro bioassay for plasma PRL-releasing factor-like activity has been developed. The method is a three-phase methanol extraction of plasma with extracts of 1.0 ml plasma adjusted to a final volume of 50 microliter. Single 50-microliter aliquots of extract were incubated in 1.0 ml Krebs-Ringer phosphate (KRP) buffer with one rat hemipituitary after a 1-h preincubation. Samples were obtained basally and 30 min after addition of the extract. During each set of incubations, a parallel series of hemipituitaries was incubated in KRP alone. The total nanograms of rat PRL released per mg pituitary tissue during the initial 30 min after preincubation was calculated for all studies. The mean quantity released in KRP alone was considered basal and was subtracted from values obtained during incubation with plasma extracts. The quantity remaining was considered PRL-releasing activity (PRA) of plasma, expressed as nanograms of rat PRL released per mg pituitary. The PRA in plasma from 13 patients with the amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome was 132 +/- 17 ng/mg pituitary (X +/- SE), which was significantly greater (P less than 0.001) than the PRA in plasma from eight matched controls [31 +/- 10 ng/mg pituitary (X +/- SE)]. The patients' individual PRL levels were elevated (range, 48-248 ng/ml), and when compared to the PRA in the samples, a highly significant (P less than 0.001) positive correlation evolved. These results indicate that a circulating PRL-releasing factor-like material present in normal plasma is higher in plasma from hyperprolactinemic patients in direct relationship to the PRL concentration. It is possible that this material is related to the pathogenesis of PRL-secreting pituitary disorders."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Plasma prolactin-releasing factor-like activity in the amenorrhea-galactorrhea syndrome.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Garthwaite",
"Hagen"
],
"ForeName": [
"T L",
"T C"
],
"Initials": [
"TL",
"TC"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"5 M01 RR-00058"
],
"Agency": [
"NCRR NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"5Y5F15120W",
"9002-62-4"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Prolactin"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adult",
"Amenorrhea",
"Animals",
"Biological Assay",
"Female",
"Galactorrhea",
"Humans",
"Lactation Disorders",
"Male",
"Pituitary Gland",
"Pregnancy",
"Prolactin",
"Rats",
"Syndrome",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"blood",
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"",
"blood",
"",
"blood",
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"drug effects",
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1978,
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1978
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"Day": [
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}
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{
"PMID": 122416,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2015,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The effect of large doses of commercial hCG on thyroid function was studied in eight men who received 100,000 or 150,000 IU hCG iv. These large doses of hCG produced definite thyroidal iodine release (TIR) responses in all eight men. The TIR after hCG administration was more delayed and of lesser magnitude than the TIR responses to TSH and TRH. There were no significant changes in serum T4, T3, or TSH for 48 h after hCG administration. No clinical side effects were noted in the subjects after iv administration of these large doses of hCG. The results of this study indicate that hCG is a weak thyroid stimulator in man."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Effect of human chorionic gonadotropin on thyroid function in euthyroid men.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Sowers",
"Hershman",
"Carlson",
"Pekary"
],
"ForeName": [
"J R",
"J M",
"H E",
"A E"
],
"Initials": [
"JR",
"JM",
"HE",
"AE"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"HD-7181"
],
"Agency": [
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"06LU7C9H1V",
"5Y5F15120W",
"9002-71-5",
"Q51BO43MG4"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Chorionic Gonadotropin",
"Iodine Radioisotopes",
"Triiodothyronine",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Thyrotropin",
"Thyroxine"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adult",
"Chorionic Gonadotropin",
"Humans",
"Iodine Radioisotopes",
"Male",
"Middle Aged",
"Thyroid Gland",
"Thyrotropin",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Thyroxine",
"Triiodothyronine"
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"",
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"",
"metabolism",
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"",
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}
}
} | {
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1978,
1978,
1978
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10,
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{
"PMID": 122417,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
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"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2015,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 19
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Progesterone (10 mg) administered intramuscularly induces a concurrent release of prolactin as well as gonadotropin in estrogen-primed women. The time course of pituitary release of all three of these hormones appears to include a latent phase of 4 hrs and is maintained for at least 5 hrs. It is considered that this effect of progesterone may be mediated through a reduction of hypothalamic dopamine."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Progesterone induced acute release of prolactin in estrogen primed ovariectomized women.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Rakoff",
"Yen"
],
"ForeName": [
"J S",
"S S"
],
"Initials": [
"JS",
"SS"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"RR-00827"
],
"Agency": [
"NCRR NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
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"RegistryNumber": [
"423D2T571U",
"4G7DS2Q64Y",
"9002-62-4",
"9002-67-9",
"9002-68-0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Ethinyl Estradiol",
"Progesterone",
"Prolactin",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adult",
"Castration",
"Ethinyl Estradiol",
"Female",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Humans",
"Kinetics",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Middle Aged",
"Progesterone",
"Prolactin"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"",
"",
"",
"blood",
"",
"",
"blood",
"",
"pharmacology",
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}
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"122417",
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"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
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"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
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"Month": [
10,
10,
10
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"Day": [
1,
1,
1
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}
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{
"PMID": 122419,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2015,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "In eight teenage patients with Turner's syndrome, LH and FSH were measured at 20-min intervals for 24 h. The 24-h mean LH and FSH levels ranged from 20.2-70.5 mIU/ml and 60.4-229 mIU/ml, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between the individual LH and FSH levels in the eight patients; the common correlation coefficient was 0.449 (P less than 0.001). The 24-h mean estradiol level was measurable in only two of the patients and the 24-h mean testosterone level for the eight patients was 0.10 ng/ml. The mean LH concentration during sleep was significantly higher (P less than .01) than during waking. The mean FSH concentration during sleep was also significantly higher (P less than 0.05) than during waking. The LH and FSH peak levels after LRH were significantly correlated with the 24-h mean LH (r = 0.918; P less than 0.01) and FSH concentrations (r = 0.754; P less than 0.05), respectively."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone secretory dynamics in Turner's syndrome.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Boyar",
"Ramsey",
"Chipman",
"Fevre",
"Madden",
"Marks"
],
"ForeName": [
"R M",
"J",
"J",
"M",
"J",
"J F"
],
"Initials": [
"RM",
"J",
"J",
"M",
"J",
"JF"
],
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"",
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"5-MOI-RR-00633-05",
"K01 HD-00153",
"R01-HD10909"
],
"Agency": [
"NCRR NIH HHS",
"NICHD NIH HHS",
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
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"RegistryNumber": [
"33515-09-2",
"3XMK78S47O",
"4TI98Z838E",
"9002-67-9",
"9002-68-0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Testosterone",
"Estradiol",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone"
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}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adolescent",
"Child",
"Circadian Rhythm",
"Estradiol",
"Female",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Humans",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Sleep",
"Testosterone",
"Turner Syndrome"
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"",
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1978,
1978,
1978
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11,
11,
11
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1,
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{
"PMID": 122420,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2015,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 19
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Four patients with androgen insensitivity had plasma LH and FSH measured at 20-min intervals for 24 h and at 15- to 30-min intervals for 3 h after the injection of LRH. Twenty-four-hour mean testosterone (T), estradiol, and androstenedione (delta 4) levels were also measured. Patients with androgen insensitivity had significantly elevated LH levels (P less than 0.05) and an increase in the number of LH secretory episodes (P less than 0.001) compared to normal subjects. The amplitude of the LH secretory episodes, expressed as the absolute increment, was significantly higher than normal controls (P less than 0.005). The LH response to LRH (absolute increment) was twice that of normal, but was not significantly different from normal subjects. The 24-h mean FSH levels were normal in three of the patients and elevated in one. This patient had the mildest degree of androgen insensitivity on clinical exam and the greatest degree of testicular atrophy. The 24-h mean T, estradiol, and delta 4 levels were higher than normal, but only the delta 4 was significantly increased (P less than 0.05). To determine if the elevated LH levels were in response to a decrease in the free T level, we measured T-binding capacity (TBG), TBG was higher than normal controls but was not significantly different, suggesting that elevated LH levels were probably in response to a decrease in T action at the hypothalamic-pituitary level. This was further supported by the inability of prolonged dihydrotestosterone administration to affect LH secretion in one of the patients with the Reifenstein syndrome."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Studies of gonadotropin-gonadal dynamics in patients with androgen insensitivity.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Boyar",
"Moore",
"Rosner",
"Aiman",
"Chipman",
"Madden",
"Marks",
"Griffin"
],
"ForeName": [
"R M",
"R J",
"W",
"J",
"J",
"J D",
"J F",
"J E"
],
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"W",
"J",
"J",
"JD",
"JF",
"JE"
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}
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"Language": "eng",
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"GrantID": [
"5-MO1-RR-00633",
"AM-11852",
"R01-HD10909"
],
"Agency": [
"NCRR NIH HHS",
"NIADDK NIH HHS",
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
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"08J2K08A3Y",
"33515-09-2",
"3XMK78S47O",
"409J2J96VR",
"9002-67-9",
"9002-68-0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Androgens",
"Gonadal Steroid Hormones",
"Gonadotropins, Pituitary",
"Receptors, Androgen",
"Receptors, Steroid",
"Dihydrotestosterone",
"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Testosterone",
"Androstenedione",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adolescent",
"Adult",
"Androgens",
"Androstenedione",
"Circadian Rhythm",
"Dihydrotestosterone",
"Disorders of Sex Development",
"Drug Resistance",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Gonadal Steroid Hormones",
"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Gonadotropins, Pituitary",
"Humans",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Male",
"Receptors, Androgen",
"Receptors, Steroid",
"Testosterone"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"",
"pharmacology",
"blood",
"",
"",
"blood",
"",
"blood",
"blood",
"",
"blood",
"",
"blood",
"",
"physiology",
"physiology",
"blood"
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
[
"122420",
"10.1210/jcem-47-5-1116"
]
]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
],
"Month": [
11,
11,
11
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122425,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2015,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The finding of normal gonadotropin and estradiol levels in eugonadal women with secondary amenorrhea suggests a disordered feedback relationship of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis. To identify possible defects in negative and positive feedback, we compared the effects of five daily injections of 17 beta-estradiol (E2) in 13 normal women and 11 eugonadal patients with absent cyclic menses. The suppression phase of negative feedback was normal, as LH and FSH were similarly lowered in both groups on day 3. Continued LH (P less than 0.01) and FSH (P less than 0.02) inhibition on day 10 of the protocol, 5 days after the last E2 injection, indicated a defect in the recovery phase of negative feedback in the 11 amenorrheic women. In the 4 patients studied gonadotropin suppression persisted for 3 weeks, E2 did not blunt pituitary responsiveness to GnRH in the amenorrheic women, suggesting a central nervous system site for prolonged gonadotropin inhibition. Nine normal but only 2 amenorrheic women X2 = 4.15; P less than 0.05) exhibited a positive feedback increase in LH on days 4-6. We propose that a defect in the recovery phase of negative feedback to E2 rather than absent positive feedback may be the dominant physiological abnormality which causes secondary amenorrhea by preventing early follicular phase gonadotropin increments and follicular maturation."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Prolonged negative feedback suppression after estradiol administration: proposed mechanism of eugonadal secondary amenorrhea.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Santen",
"Friend",
"Trojanowski",
"Davis",
"Samojlik",
"Bardin"
],
"ForeName": [
"R J",
"J N",
"D",
"B",
"E",
"C W"
],
"Initials": [
"RJ",
"JN",
"D",
"B",
"E",
"CW"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"HD-05276"
],
"Agency": [
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"33515-09-2",
"4TI98Z838E",
"9002-67-9",
"9002-68-0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Estradiol",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adult",
"Amenorrhea",
"Estradiol",
"Feedback",
"Female",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Humans",
"Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Ovary"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"etiology",
"pharmacology",
"",
"",
"blood",
"",
"",
"physiopathology",
"blood",
"physiopathology"
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
[
"122425",
"10.1210/jcem-47-6-1220"
]
]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
],
"Month": [
12,
12,
12
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122427,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2015,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The responses of serum TSH and PRL to TRH (500 microgram) were studied in normal young women in the early follicular, periovulatory, and midluteal phases of the menstrual cycle in order to examine the relationship of these responses to the levels of estradiol relationship of these responses to the levels of estradiol (E2) and progesterone. Each woman was studied twice in each phase in order to assess intraindividual variability. There was no significant difference in either the TSH or PRL responses among the phases of the menstrual cycle nor was either response affected by the periovulatory rise in E2 or by the luteal rise in both E2 and progesterone. Thus, the interpretation of the TSH and PRL responses to TRH in normal women is not affected by the menstrual cycle although both responses are greater in women that in men. Both the peak TSH and peak PRL after TRH were highly correlated with the basal levels of TSH (r = 0.85; P less than 0.01) and PRL (r = 0.67; P less than 0.01), respectively, indicating that the TSH and PRL responses to TRH in women are directly proportionate to the basal levels of the respective hormones, as previously shown for the TSH response in men. The mean intraindividual variability (coefficient of variation) of the TSH response to TRH was 18%, but ranged as high as 56%, while that of the PRL response was 16% and ranged up to 31%; variability was not affected by the phase of the menstrual cycle. The normal range of the peak TSH after TRH in women is 7-33 microU/ml (mean +/- 2 SD); however, because of the variability, a normal woman may sometimes have a peak TSH after TRH as low as 4 microU/ml. Repeating the test will result in a normal value if the woman is truly normal. Similarly, the normal peak PRL after TRH in women is 22-111 ng/ml (mean +/- 2 SD); usually, however, the lower limit is 30 ng/ml with lower values due to intraindividual variation. The data suggest that the higher average level of E2 in women compared to women, but that the cyclic changes in serum E2 or progesterone in women have little or no additional effect."
},
"ArticleTitle": "The relationship of changes in serum estradiol and progesterone during the menstrual cycle to the thyrotropin and prolactin responses to thyrotropin-releasing hormone.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Sawin",
"Hershman",
"Boyd",
"Longcope",
"Bacharach"
],
"ForeName": [
"C T",
"J M",
"A E",
"C",
"P"
],
"Initials": [
"CT",
"JM",
"AE",
"C",
"P"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AM-21203-01",
"HD-08034",
"HD-7181"
],
"Agency": [
"NIADDK NIH HHS",
"NICHD NIH HHS",
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"4G7DS2Q64Y",
"4TI98Z838E",
"5Y5F15120W",
"9002-62-4",
"9002-71-5"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Pituitary Hormones, Anterior",
"Progesterone",
"Estradiol",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Prolactin",
"Thyrotropin"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adult",
"Estradiol",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Menstruation",
"Ovulation",
"Pituitary Hormones, Anterior",
"Progesterone",
"Prolactin",
"Thyrotropin",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"blood",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"blood",
"blood",
"blood",
"blood",
""
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
[
"122427",
"10.1210/jcem-47-6-1296"
]
]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
],
"Month": [
12,
12,
12
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122429,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1983,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2015,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Suppression of plasma testosterone levels from a mean of 760 ng/dl to a mean of 295 ng/dl could be induced in normal young adult men 24 h after a single injection of 2 mg aqueous 17 beta-estradiol. Maximum suppression to 123 ng/dl was noted 36 h after estradiol administration. Neither LH nor FSH levels were similarly affected. After administration of 5000 IU hCG to a similar group of subjects, daily blood samples were obtained for testosterone and estrogen. Maximum testosterone levels of 2060 ng/dl (basal, 784 ng/dl) were seen 96 h after hCG administration. Maximum estrogen levels of 13 pg/ml (basal 73 pg/ml) were seen 36 h after hCG administration. The testosterone response to hCG could be attenuated by preceding hCG administration with an injection of 17 beta-estradiol. These results can be explained by the concept of enzyme inhibition; estrogen acts directly on the Leydig cell to effect changes in the activities of certain enzymes important for testosterone synthesis. Whether endogenous estrogen production by the Leydig cell may be important in this postulated short loop feedback is as yet unclear."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Direct inhibition of Leydig cell function by estradiol.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Jones",
"Fang",
"Landau",
"Rosenfield"
],
"ForeName": [
"T M",
"V S",
"R L",
"R"
],
"Initials": [
"TM",
"VS",
"RL",
"R"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"HD-06308",
"HD-07110",
"HD-70152"
],
"Agency": [
"NICHD NIH HHS",
"NICHD NIH HHS",
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"3XMK78S47O",
"4TI98Z838E",
"9002-67-9",
"9002-68-0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Chorionic Gonadotropin",
"Estrogens",
"Testosterone",
"Estradiol",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adult",
"Chorionic Gonadotropin",
"Estradiol",
"Estrogens",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Humans",
"Leydig Cells",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Male",
"Testosterone"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"",
"pharmacology",
"blood",
"blood",
"",
"drug effects",
"blood",
"",
"blood"
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
[
"122429",
"10.1210/jcem-47-6-1368"
]
]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
],
"Month": [
12,
12,
12
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122435,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1984,
"Month": 1,
"Day": 26
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2007,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 15
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Two pregnancies at risk for Wolman disease were monitored by assay and electrophoresis of acid lipase in cultured amniotic-fluid cells. Cells from patient 1 had 5% of control levels of acid lipase, using 14C-triolein as substrate; however, when artificial substrates (esters of 4-methylumbelliferone and p-nitrophenol) were used to measure acid lipase, these cells had 30% of control levels. Electrophoresis of cell extracts revealed the absence of the A form of acid lipase, consistent with the diagnosis of Wolman disease. Analysis of fetal tissues following prostaglandin termination of this pregnancy confirmed the diagnosis. Assay of fetal-skin fibroblasts with 14C-triolein, as well as with artificial substrates, showed marked deficiency of acid lipase activity. Electrophoresis of fetal-tissue extracts also demonstrated the absence of the A form of acid lipase. Amniotic-fluid cells from patient 2 showed normal levels of acid lipase with all substrates tested; the electrophoretic pattern of acid lipase was normal. The results suggest that the prenatal diagnosis of Wolman disease be made using the radioassay of acid lipase and/or electrophoresis."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Prenatal diagnosis of Wolman disease.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Coates",
"Cortner",
"Mennuti",
"Wheeler"
],
"ForeName": [
"P M",
"J A",
"M T",
"J E"
],
"Initials": [
"PM",
"JA",
"MT",
"JE"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"HL 18723"
],
"Agency": [
"NHLBI NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Case Reports",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"EC 3.1.1.3",
"EC 3.2.1.23",
"EC 3.2.1.52"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Lipase",
"beta-Galactosidase",
"Acetylglucosaminidase"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Acetylglucosaminidase",
"Adrenal Glands",
"Adult",
"Amniocentesis",
"Cells, Cultured",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Infant",
"Infant, Newborn",
"Lipase",
"Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors",
"Liver",
"Lysosomes",
"Male",
"Pregnancy",
"Prenatal Diagnosis",
"Spleen",
"beta-Galactosidase"
],
"QualifierName": [
"metabolism",
"embryology",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"metabolism",
"diagnosis",
"embryology",
"enzymology",
"",
"",
"",
"embryology",
"metabolism"
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
[
"122435",
"10.1002/ajmg.1320020409"
]
]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
],
"Month": [
1,
1,
1
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122438,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1984,
"Month": 5,
"Day": 2
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2015,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Pregnant women destined to develop pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) lose refractoriness to the pressor effects of infused angiotensin II (A-II) several weeks before the onset of hypertension. This loss of refractoriness to A-II is unrelated to plasma renin activity or circulating levels of A-II. In animal studies it has been shown that the prostaglandins are important mediators of vascular reactivity. Specifically, the uterine blood flow appears to vary directly with prostaglandin E concentrations in uterine venous effluent. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors on the pressor effects of A-II in human pregnancy. The \"effective A-II pressor dose\" (nanograms of A-II X kg-1 X min-1 necessary to cause a 20 mm Hg rise in diastolic pressure) was determined in 14 pregnant women before and after treatment with either 25 mg indomethacin or 600 mg aspirin given twice, 6 h apart. The effective pressor dose required before treatment [22.7 +/- 3.4 ng X kg-1 X min-1 (mean +/- SE)] was significantly greater than that after treatment [8.7 +/- 1.2 ng X kg-1 X min-1 (P less than 0.001)]. The refractoriness to A-II observed in normal human pregnancy may be mediated in part by the action of prostaglandins or related substances produced in the arteriole."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Effect of prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors on pressor response to angiotensin II in human pregnancy.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Everett",
"Worley",
"MacDonald",
"Gant"
],
"ForeName": [
"R B",
"R J",
"P C",
"N F"
],
"Initials": [
"RB",
"RJ",
"PC",
"NF"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"HD-08360"
],
"Agency": [
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"11128-99-7",
"R16CO5Y76E",
"XXE1CET956"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors",
"Angiotensin II",
"Aspirin",
"Indomethacin"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Angiotensin II",
"Aspirin",
"Blood Pressure",
"Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Indomethacin",
"Infusions, Parenteral",
"Pregnancy",
"Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular"
],
"QualifierName": [
"administration & dosage",
"",
"drug effects",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"physiopathology"
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
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"122438",
"10.1210/jcem-46-6-1007"
]
]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
],
"Month": [
6,
6,
6
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122441,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1984,
"Month": 5,
"Day": 2
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2015,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Ethinyl estradiol (50 micrograms/day) or fluoxymesterone (10 or 20 mg/day), chosen because each is orally active and because fluoxymesterone is probably not converted to an estrogen, were given alone and in combination to adult men over several weeks. Measurements were made of serum FSH, LH, testosterone, and estradiol. The estrogen given alone suppressed serum FSH while the androgen given alone did not; however, the androgen may have enhanced the suppressive effect of the estrogen on the serum FSH. Neither steroid alone changed the serum LH but both together suppressed it. The estrogen alone decreased the serum testosterone, an effect probably mediated by the concomitant fall in serum FSH and a resulting decrease in sensitivity to the constant level of LH; a direct effect of estrogen on the testis seems less likely. The doses of estrogen and androgen used probably had a biologic effect equal to or somewhat above that of endogenously produced estrogen and androgen and thus reflected the maximum physiological effects of the endogenous steroids. Thus, in the chronic physiological control of FSH and LH in adult men, these data indicate that (1) testosterone alone, as an androgen, has little effect on FSH or LH, (2) estradiol (or total estrogen) has a greater suppressive effect on FSH than on LH and by its effect on FSH may indirectly regulate the secretion of testosterone, and (3) testosterone and estradiol together may be involved in the regulation of both FSH and LH."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Effect of chronic administration of estrogen, androgen, or both on serum levels of gonadotropins in adult men.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Sawin",
"Ryan",
"Longcope",
"Fisher"
],
"ForeName": [
"C T",
"R J",
"C",
"L E"
],
"Initials": [
"CT",
"RJ",
"C",
"LE"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"HD-08034",
"HD-9140"
],
"Agency": [
"NICHD NIH HHS",
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"3XMK78S47O",
"423D2T571U",
"4TI98Z838E",
"9002-67-9",
"9002-68-0",
"9JU12S4YFY"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Testosterone",
"Ethinyl Estradiol",
"Estradiol",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Fluoxymesterone"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adult",
"Estradiol",
"Ethinyl Estradiol",
"Fluoxymesterone",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Humans",
"Kinetics",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Male",
"Testosterone",
"Time Factors"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"blood",
"",
"",
"blood",
"",
"",
"blood",
"",
"blood",
""
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
[
"122441",
"10.1210/jcem-46-6-911"
]
]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
],
"Month": [
6,
6,
6
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122446,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1984,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2007,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 14
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Bone marrow fibroblasts were cultured from two patients with fucosidosis type 2, six control subjects, and three patients with other lysosomal disorders. Optimal conditions for measuring alpha-L-fucosidase activity in lysates of these cells with the fluorogenic substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha-L-fucoside were established. The pH profile of normal bone marrow fibroblasts showed three peaks and a shoulder of enzymatic activity, with maximum activity at pH 4.75. In cells derived from fucosidosis patients two peaks of apparent alpha-L-fucosidase activity were obtained; the pH optimum was 4.5. alpha-L-Fucosidase activity (mean +/- SD) in the fucosidosis and control bone marrow fibroblasts was 2.5 and 312.4 +/- 10.9 nmoles 4-methylumbelliferone per milligram protein per hour, respectively. A reduction in the apparent specific enzymatic activity in the fucosidosis cells was observed by using increasing concentrations of cellular protein in the assay system. Mixing experiments between normal and fucosidosis cells gave the expected activities. These findings indicate that cultured bone marrow fibroblasts can be used for the diagnosis and study of fucosidosis."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Alpha-L-fucosidase in cultured bone marrow fibroblasts from fucosidosis patients.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Beratis",
"Hirschhorn"
],
"ForeName": [
"N G",
"K"
],
"Initials": [
"NG",
"K"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"GM-19443"
],
"Agency": [
"NIGMS NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"EC 3.2.1.-",
"EC 3.2.1.23",
"EC 3.2.1.24",
"EC 3.2.1.51"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Mannosidases",
"beta-Galactosidase",
"alpha-Mannosidase",
"alpha-L-Fucosidase"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Bone Marrow",
"Cells, Cultured",
"Child",
"Child, Preschool",
"Fibroblasts",
"Gaucher Disease",
"Humans",
"Leukodystrophy, Metachromatic",
"Mannosidases",
"Mucopolysaccharidoses",
"alpha-L-Fucosidase",
"alpha-Mannosidase",
"beta-Galactosidase"
],
"QualifierName": [
"pathology",
"",
"",
"",
"enzymology",
"enzymology",
"",
"enzymology",
"analysis",
"enzymology",
"",
"",
"analysis"
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
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"122446",
"10.1002/ajmg.1320020105"
]
]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
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"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
],
"Month": [
1,
1,
1
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122447,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1984,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2007,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 14
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The variations and defects observed during detailed gross anatomical dissections of four cases of trisomy 13 are described. Emphasis is on the muscular system where previously undocumented variations, absences, and supernumerary elements were observed. A muscle phenotype which includes absence of palmaris longus, palmaris brevis, plantaris, and peroneus tertius, the presence of pectorodorsalis muscles and muscles from the central tendon of the diaphragm to the pericardium near the pulmonary veins, and variations in the extensor indicis, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, biceps, and suprahyoid muscles is discussed. The brain defects which include absent olfactory bulbs and tracts and hypoplastic commissures are compared to those defects seen in cases of alobar holoprosencephaly wherein severe defects of the ethmoid bone are concomitants. Previously well-documented defects of the viscera are included."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Analysis of the gross anatomical variations found in four cases of trisomy 13.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Colacino",
"Pettersen"
],
"ForeName": [
"S C",
"J C"
],
"Initials": [
"SC",
"JC"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"CM 20130",
"GM 00723-114"
],
"Agency": [
"NCI NIH HHS",
"NIGMS NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [],
"NameOfSubstance": []
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Abnormalities, Multiple",
"Brain",
"Chromosome Aberrations",
"Chromosome Disorders",
"Chromosomes, Human, 13-15",
"Eye Abnormalities",
"Face",
"Female",
"Humans",
"Infant, Newborn",
"Male",
"Muscles",
"Trisomy"
],
"QualifierName": [
"genetics",
"abnormalities",
"genetics",
"",
"",
"",
"abnormalities",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"abnormalities",
""
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
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"122447",
"10.1002/ajmg.1320020106"
]
]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
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"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
],
"Month": [
1,
1,
1
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122449,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1984,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 9
},
"NumberOfReferences": 216,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2007,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 14
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Sexual development is an ordered process that begins at the moment of fertilization and terminates with the production and transfer of viable gametes. The formation of the male gonad depends upon genes located on both sex chromosomes and autosomes. Differentiation and growth of the male reproductive system is directed by the fetal testis through the production of a putative peptide which causes the regression of the Mullerian ducts and the secretion of testosterone which virilizes the Wolffian duct and thereby directs the differentiation of the internal accessory structures of reproduction. A third hormone, dihydrotestosterone, is synthesized intracellularly from testosterone within the urogenital sinus and tubercle. The action of this hormone controls the formation of the prostate and the external genitalia characteristic of the male phenotype. The postnatal growth of the testis and accessory sex tissues follows a characteristic curvilinear pattern with the most prominent increments coincident with the onset in testosterone production. Spermatogonial differentiation may proceed in the absence of hypophyseal or gonadal hormones but the respective maturation divisions of primary and secondary spermatocytes and the completion of spermiogenesis are clearly dependent upon testicular steroids produced under the influence of LH. Germ cells differentiate in a unique environment created, in part, by the blood testis barrier which arises as a result of tight-junctional complexes formed between adjacent Sertoli cells. Sertoli cells actively secrete fluids and export an androgen binding protein under the influence of androgens and FSH. Maintenance of spermatogenesis depends on high intratubular concentrations of testosterone, provided in part by the steroidogenic actions of LH on the Leydig cell and, in part, by the production of androgen binding protein by the Sertoli cell. Thus, both gonadotropins act in concert to maintain germ cell production. Selective removal of either LH or FSH curtails sperm production but testosterone supplementation, in adequate amounts, allows spermatogenesis to proceed in the absence of the pituitary gland."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Endocrine regulation of reproductive development and function in the male.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Desjardins"
],
"ForeName": [
"C"
],
"Initials": [
"C"
],
"CollectiveName": [
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"HD-03803"
],
"Agency": [
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.",
"Review"
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"9002-67-9",
"9002-68-0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Androgens",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Androgens",
"Animals",
"Endocrine Glands",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Leydig Cells",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Male",
"Mammals",
"Phenotype",
"Reproduction",
"Sertoli Cells",
"Sex Differentiation",
"Sexual Maturation",
"Spermatogenesis",
"Testis"
],
"QualifierName": [
"physiology",
"",
"physiology",
"physiology",
"",
"physiology",
"",
"physiology",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"growth & development"
]
}
}
} | {
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"ArticleId": [
[],
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"122449"
]
]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
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"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
],
"Month": [
1,
1,
1
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122450,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1984,
"Month": 12,
"Day": 12
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 12,
"Day": 10
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The effect of a treatment program (E) providing inpatient care, a day hospital, community housing, and sheltered work are compared with a program (C) emphasizing rapid discharge. A group of 94 male general psychiatric patients were randomized to the two units. Outcome data collected at 18 months from admission revealed small but significant differences between the total samples in employment, maintenance of treatment contact, use of medication, and social adjustment. More C than E patients were in the hospital after the 14th month. Program effects varied considerably with patient type. Patients with less social disability had somewhat better employment outcomes with the E program, but no differences in use of services. Patients with a better prognosis by measure of psychopathology (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory cluster and diagnosis of schizophrenia) spent less inpatient time in the E program, but were not helped to better employment outcomes. Patients with greater social handicap were not differentially affected. More E patients than C with a poorer prognosis stayed in outpatient treatment and used antipsychotic medications. Patients in the E group with better previous employment and more social isolation used the E day hospital and community housing more heavily than other E subgroups."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Controlled evaluation of a hospital-originated community transitional system.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Kuldau",
"Dirks"
],
"ForeName": [
"J M",
"S J"
],
"Initials": [
"JM",
"SJ"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"MH-16981"
],
"Agency": [
"NIMH NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Clinical Trial",
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Randomized Controlled Trial",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [],
"NameOfSubstance": []
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adult",
"Ambulatory Care",
"Community Mental Health Services",
"Cost-Benefit Analysis",
"Day Care, Medical",
"Decision Making",
"Employment",
"Evaluation Studies as Topic",
"Hospitalization",
"Humans",
"Male",
"Mental Disorders",
"Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care",
"Patient Discharge",
"Patient Participation",
"Psychiatric Department, Hospital",
"Residential Facilities",
"Sheltered Workshops",
"Social Adjustment"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"statistics & numerical data",
"",
"",
"statistics & numerical data",
"",
"",
"",
"economics",
"",
"",
"rehabilitation",
"",
"",
"",
"economics",
"statistics & numerical data",
"statistics & numerical data",
""
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
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[],
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"122450",
"10.1001/archpsyc.1977.01770230073004"
]
]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1977,
1977,
1977
],
"Month": [
11,
11,
11
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122511,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1986,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 20
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2021,
"Month": 5,
"Day": 26
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Functional capacities in Escherichia coli cells starved for glucose were examined by comparing protein synthesis, utilization of new substrates, and maintenance of viability with the adenylate energy charge of the culture. When growth ceased because of glucose exhaustion in an E. coli culture, the energy charge dropped from 0.90 to about 0.80. During this time, the viable-cell count and the capacity for protein synthesis and for induction of new enzymes were maintained only if other substrates were available in the medium. The culture could be maintained for many hours without growth or death if glucose was added slowly; the energy charge in this case stabilized at about 0.80. A consistent transient decrease in the energy charge to around 0.80, accompanied by a decrease in protein synthesis, was also observed during the adaptation from glucose to other substrates during diauxic growth on glucose and glycerol or lactose."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Functional capacities and the adenylate energy charge in Escherichia coli under conditions of nutritional stress.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Walker-Simmons",
"Atkinson"
],
"ForeName": [
"M",
"D E"
],
"Initials": [
"M",
"DE"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AM 9863",
"GM 0463"
],
"Agency": [
"NIADDK NIH HHS",
"NIGMS NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"0",
"0",
"EC 3.2.1.23",
"GMW67QNF9C",
"IY9XDZ35W2"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Acetates",
"Adenine Nucleotides",
"Bacterial Proteins",
"Culture Media",
"beta-Galactosidase",
"Leucine",
"Glucose"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Acetates",
"Adenine Nucleotides",
"Bacterial Proteins",
"Culture Media",
"Energy Metabolism",
"Enzyme Induction",
"Escherichia coli",
"Glucose",
"Leucine",
"beta-Galactosidase"
],
"QualifierName": [
"metabolism",
"metabolism",
"biosynthesis",
"",
"",
"",
"metabolism",
"metabolism",
"metabolism",
"biosynthesis"
]
}
}
} | {
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"122511",
"PMC235267",
"10.1128/jb.130.2.676-683.1977"
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]
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"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
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"Year": [
1977,
1977,
1977
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"Month": [
5,
5,
5
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
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{
"PMID": 122512,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1986,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 20
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2021,
"Month": 5,
"Day": 26
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Streptococcus faecalis strains ND539 and OG1 have been previously shown to be cariogenic in gnotobiotic animals. Deoxyribonucleic acid analyses have revealed the presence of a single 26-megadalton plasmid designated pAM539 in the former strain, whereas the latter strain was found to be plasmid-free. By gene transfer experiments, it was possible to construct isogenic pairs of strains that differed only with regard to the presence or absence of pAM539. Comparative studies of isogenic pairs showed that the presence of pAM539 conferred bacterial sensitivity to a bacteriocin produced by S. faecalis strain 5952."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Analysis of plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid in a cariogenic strain of Streptococcus faecalis: an approach to identifying genetic determinants on cryptic plasmids.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Oliver",
"Brown",
"Clewell"
],
"ForeName": [
"D R",
"B L",
"D B"
],
"Initials": [
"DR",
"BL",
"DB"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AI10318",
"K04 AI00061"
],
"Agency": [
"NIAID NIH HHS",
"NIAID NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"F8VB5M810T",
"Y45QSO73OB"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Bacteriocins",
"DNA, Bacterial",
"Tetracycline",
"Streptomycin"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Bacteriocins",
"Conjugation, Genetic",
"DNA, Bacterial",
"Dental Caries",
"Enterococcus faecalis",
"Plasmids",
"Rats",
"Streptomycin",
"Tetracycline"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"pharmacology",
"",
"analysis",
"etiology",
"drug effects",
"",
"",
"pharmacology",
"pharmacology"
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
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"122512",
"PMC235278",
"10.1128/jb.130.2.759-765.1977"
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]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1977,
1977,
1977
],
"Month": [
5,
5,
5
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122514,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1986,
"Month": 6,
"Day": 20
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2021,
"Month": 5,
"Day": 26
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Two plasmids designated pOB1 and pOB2 were isolated from Streptococcus faecalis strain 5952 and found to have molecular weights of approximately 46 X 10(6) and 28 X 10(6), respectively. pOB1 was found to determine hemolytic activity and was transmissible, whereas pOB2 appeared to determine a bacteriocin that is specifically inhibitory to S. faecalis strains harboring the 26-megadalton plasmid pAM539."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Characterization of plasmids determining hemolysin and bacteriocin production in Streptococcus faecalis 5952.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Oliver",
"Brown",
"Clewell"
],
"ForeName": [
"D R",
"B L",
"D B"
],
"Initials": [
"DR",
"BL",
"DB"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AI10318",
"DE02731",
"KO4 AI00061"
],
"Agency": [
"NIAID NIH HHS",
"NIDCR NIH HHS",
"NIAID NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Bacteriocins",
"Hemolysin Proteins"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Bacteriocins",
"Conjugation, Genetic",
"Enterococcus faecalis",
"Hemolysin Proteins",
"Plasmids"
],
"QualifierName": [
"biosynthesis",
"",
"genetics",
"biosynthesis",
""
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
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"122514",
"PMC235302",
"10.1128/jb.130.2.948-950.1977"
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]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1977,
1977,
1977
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"Month": [
5,
5,
5
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122521,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1986,
"Month": 10,
"Day": 30
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"Year": 2021,
"Month": 5,
"Day": 26
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The results of disk diffusion and plate dilution susceptibility testing of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis on media gelled with agar-agar or with a synthetic hydrogel were compared. Synthetic hydrogel can be combined with a totally defined synthetic amino acid medium to yield a reproducible, totally defined, synthetic solid medium without the antagonistic or booster effects of some components of agar. Such a medium could be used as a reference medium for susceptibility testing."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Totally synthetic medium for susceptibility testing.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Lawrence",
"Hoeprich"
],
"ForeName": [
"R M",
"P D"
],
"Initials": [
"RM",
"PD"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AI-08955"
],
"Agency": [
"NIAID NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
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"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
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}
},
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"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
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"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"9002-18-0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Anti-Bacterial Agents",
"Culture Media",
"Agar"
]
}
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"CitationSubset": "IM",
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"Agar",
"Anti-Bacterial Agents",
"Culture Media",
"Escherichia coli",
"Indicator Dilution Techniques",
"Microbial Sensitivity Tests",
"Proteus mirabilis",
"Pseudomonas aeruginosa",
"Staphylococcus aureus"
],
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"pharmacology",
"",
"drug effects",
"",
"methods",
"drug effects",
"drug effects",
"drug effects"
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"Day": 30
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The effect of benzylpenicillin on the synthesis and morphology of the cell envelope of Neisseria gonorrhoeae was examined. Penicillin immediately stopped murein synthesis; it also enhanced the rate of turnover of glucosamine, but not diaminopimelic acid, in the murein. In addition, penicillin greatly increased the shedding of lipid and lipopolysaccharide into the medium. In the electron microscope, protrusions of the cell membrane were evident, as well as apparent holes in the murein cell wall. All of these changes occurred while active synthesis was taking place, before the lysis of the cells. Lysis could be prevented by growing the cells at low pH and high concentrations of Mg2+; however, the effects of penicillin on murein synthesis and turnover and on the release of lipid were not affected."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Effect of benzylpenicillin on the synthesis and structure of the cell envelope of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Goodell",
"Fazio",
"Tomasz"
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"E W",
"M",
"A"
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"Initials": [
"EW",
"M",
"A"
],
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"",
"",
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]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AI 00465",
"AI 12932"
],
"Agency": [
"NIAID NIH HHS",
"NIAID NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
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"0",
"0",
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"Peptidoglycan",
"Diaminopimelic Acid",
"Glucosamine",
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"Diaminopimelic Acid",
"Glucosamine",
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"Peptidoglycan"
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"Month": 4,
"Day": 21
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"Year": 2019,
"Month": 5,
"Day": 8
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The origin and differentiation of Tetrahymena pyriformis food vacuolar membranes has been studied by freeze-fracture electron microscopy. By measuring the temperature needed to induce the onset of lipid phase separation (as inferred by the appearance of particle-free regions in replicas) and calculating the changes in average intramembrane particle distribution, a distinct modification of the vacuolar membrane could be observed from the time of its formation from disk-shaped vesicles to its maturation before egestion of its indigestible contents. Whereas the nascent vacuolar membrane first showed signs of phase separation at 9 degrees C, this temperature rose to 14 degrees C in the completed vacuole and then, after lysosomal fusion, eventually declined to 12 degrees C. The average membrane particle density on the PF face increased from 761 +/- 219 to 1,625 +/- 350 per micron 2 during membrane differentiation. Like other membranes of the cell, the vacuolar membrane underwent adaptive changes in its physical properties in cells maintained for several hours at low temperature. This exposure to low temperature caused an equal effect in vacuoles formed before, during, or after the temperature shift-down. Normal changes in the properties of the vacuolar membrane may have some bearing on its programmed sequence of fusion reactions."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Differentiation of food vacuolar membranes during endocytosis in Tetrahymena.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Kitajima",
"Thompson"
],
"ForeName": [
"Y",
"G A"
],
"Initials": [
"Y",
"GA"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"1TE32 CA09182",
"GM 20148"
],
"Agency": [
"NCI NIH HHS",
"NIGMS NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
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}
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}
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"Animals",
"Endocytosis",
"Freeze Fracturing",
"Intracellular Membranes",
"Microscopy, Electron",
"Organoids",
"Tetrahymena pyriformis",
"Vacuoles"
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"ultrastructure",
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"Month": 2,
"Day": 23
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"Year": 2016,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 23
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The effects of low levels of glutaraldehyde uptake (less than 120 mumol/10(10) cells) on the physicochemical properties of human red blood cells (RBC) were investigated. Salient effects include: by different measures of cell deformability, the extent of glutaraldehyde uptake required to decrease cellular deformability was shown to range from approximately 8 to 30 mumol/10(10) cells; osmotically stressed red cells exhibit complete hemolysis when the level of glutaraldehyde uptake is less than 28 mumol/10(10) cells and no hemolysis when uptake is less than 70 mumol/10(10) cells with the extent of hemolysis decreasing in an approximately linear manner with glutaraldehyde uptake between these limits; glutaraldehyde uptake of up to 58 mumol/10(10) cells does not change the cells' density, mean cell volume or ability to retain potassium."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Modification of erythrocyte physicochemical properties by millimolar concentrations of glutaraldehyde.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Corry",
"Meiselman"
],
"ForeName": [
"W D",
"H J"
],
"Initials": [
"WD",
"HJ"
],
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"",
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]
}
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"Language": "eng",
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"GrantID": [
"HL 15162",
"HL 15722"
],
"Agency": [
"NHLBI NIH HHS",
"NHLBI NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
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},
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"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"RWP5GA015D",
"T3C89M417N"
],
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"Cross-Linking Reagents",
"Potassium",
"Glutaral"
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"Cross-Linking Reagents",
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"Erythrocyte Deformability",
"Erythrocyte Indices",
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"PMID": 122546,
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"Year": 1988,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 23
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"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2013,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 21
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Red blood cells interact with glutaraldehyde (GA) in a complex kinetic pattern of events. At a given GA concentration in phosphate buffered saline (PBS), the sequence of cell 'volume' response, as measured by resistive pulse spectroscopy (RPS), includes: an immediate response to the overall solution osmolality; a constant volume, latent phase; a rapid swelling phase; an intermediate constant volume phase; and a shrinkage phase to a final steady state volume. The final volume depends on fixative solution osmolality; for GA concentrations between 0.05% and 0.25% w/v, fixative osmolalities of less than 355 mosM, including 'isotonic', or greater than 355 mosM, lead to final cell volumes greater or less than native, respectively. Cell-membrane deformability decreases continuously and monotonically with time, as assessed by RPS. The rate of fixation is a direct function of GA concentration, in accordance with a derived empirical expression. The measured kinetic responses are related to considerations of cell size, deformability, and form, and to mechanisms involved in abrupt osmotic hemolysis."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Kinetics of glutaraldehyde fixation of erythrocytes: size, deformability, form, osmotic and hemolytic properties.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Yee",
"Mel"
],
"ForeName": [
"J P",
"H C"
],
"Initials": [
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"HC"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
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]
}
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"Language": "eng",
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"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"T01GM00829"
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"Agency": [
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],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
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"RegistryNumber": [
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"0",
"0",
"T3C89M417N"
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"Fixatives",
"Suspensions",
"Glutaral"
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}
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"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug",
"Erythrocyte Deformability",
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"Hemolysis",
"Humans",
"Osmotic Fragility",
"Rheology",
"Suspensions"
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"drug effects",
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"Year": 1988,
"Month": 4,
"Day": 1
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"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2007,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 14
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "A computerized system for an objective and accurate study of vibration sensitivity has been designed. Sensitivity can be assessed in human as well as nonhuman primates. Its usefulness in the study of peripheral nerve disorders induced by chemical exposure is emphasized."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Effects of toxicants on the somatosensory system.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Maurissen"
],
"ForeName": [
"J P"
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"Initials": [
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],
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}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"ES-01247",
"ES-01248",
"MH-11752"
],
"Agency": [
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"NIEHS NIH HHS",
"NIMH NIH HHS"
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"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
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}
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"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0"
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"NameOfSubstance": [
"Environmental Pollutants"
]
}
},
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"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Environmental Pollutants",
"Haplorhini",
"Humans",
"Peripheral Nerves",
"Sensation",
"Sensory Thresholds",
"Vibration"
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"QualifierName": [
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"toxicity",
"",
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"drug effects",
"drug effects",
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{
"PMID": 122554,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1988,
"Month": 10,
"Day": 25
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 7
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Cultured human embryo fibroblasts (HLM18) were labeled with [3H]glucosamine and Na35SO4, and then treated with testicular hyaluronidase, trypsin, or EDTA. Macromolecular material from the surface of these cells was characterized by DEAE-cellulose chromatography and cetylpyridinium chloride precipitation while the associated morphology of cell detachment was studied by phase contrast and scanning electron microscopy. Release of surface glycosaminoglycans by testicular hyaluronidase did not cause cell rounding or detachment. EDTA did not release cell-surface components, but caused cell contraction and detachment morphologically similar to that caused by trypsin. Large amounts of cell-surface glycoproteins and glycosaminoglycans were released by trypsin. From these observations it is concluded that hyaluronic acid is not a principal adhesive agent in the attachment of cells to a substrate. It is suggested that both EDTA and trypsin may have their primary effect upon the cytoskeleton."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Effects of hyaluronidase, trypsin, and EDTA on surface composition and topography during detachment of cells in culture.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Vogel"
],
"ForeName": [
"K G"
],
"Initials": [
"KG"
],
"CollectiveName": [
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AG05073"
],
"Agency": [
"NIA NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
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}
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"Country": "United States"
},
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"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"9G34HU7RV0",
"EC 3.2.1.35",
"EC 3.4.21.4"
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"NameOfSubstance": [
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"Edetic Acid",
"Hyaluronoglucosaminidase",
"Trypsin"
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}
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"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Cell Adhesion",
"Cell Line",
"Cell Membrane",
"Cytoskeleton",
"Edetic Acid",
"Glycosaminoglycans",
"Humans",
"Hyaluronoglucosaminidase",
"Trypsin"
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"drug effects",
"pharmacology",
"physiology",
"",
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"PMID": 122556,
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"Year": 1989,
"Month": 5,
"Day": 26
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"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 8,
"Day": 16
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "1. Human serum apolipoprotein A-I contains a prominent 11-residue sequence periodicity. 2. Similar 11-residue segments occur in the other sequenced human apolipoproteins, C-I, C-III, and A-II. 3. Computer analyses of the sequences support the hypothesis that they evolved from a common ancestor. 4. An evolutionary history of these proteins is proposed. 5. The estimated rate of change of these proteins indicates that all four types will be found throughout the vertebrates and that related proteins will also be found in invertebrates."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Evolution of lipoproteins deduced from protein sequence data.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Barker",
"Dayhoff"
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"ForeName": [
"W C",
"M O"
],
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"WC",
"MO"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
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]
}
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"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"HD 09547"
],
"Agency": [
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
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"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
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"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
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}
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"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "England"
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"0",
"0",
"0",
"0",
"0",
"0",
"0"
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"NameOfSubstance": [
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"Apolipoprotein A-II",
"Apolipoprotein C-I",
"Apolipoprotein C-III",
"Apolipoproteins",
"Apolipoproteins A",
"Apolipoproteins C"
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}
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"Animals",
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"Apolipoproteins",
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"PMID": 122559,
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"Year": 1989,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 5
},
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"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 12,
"Day": 10
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "1. The distribution of glycogen in different tissues of the snail, Biomphalaria glabrata was determined; the cephalopedal region contained 15-17 mg, the mantle region 23-29 mg, the hepatopancreas 31-45 mg, and the ovotestis 50 mg of glycogen/g wet wt. 2. There was a significant decrease in the glycogen content in the cephalopedal region after incubating the snails with 5-hydroxytryptamine (4 x 10(-5) M) in vivo. 3. Enzymatic degradation of glycogen from different tissues revealed that the degree of branching was 9% of the total glucosyl residues, and the length of outer branches was about 40% of the total glucosyl residues. 4. There was an active form of glycogen phosphorylase in the cephalopedal region and the mantle region. Phosphorylase in the hepatopancreas was generally inactive, but could be activated by an endogenous phosphorylase kinase. 5. Glycogen synthetase of the snail tissues required glucose-6-phosphate to be active."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Glycogen metabolism in the snail, Biomphalaria glabrata.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Chiang"
],
"ForeName": [
"P K"
],
"Initials": [
"PK"
],
"CollectiveName": [
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AI-03515",
"AI-08022",
"AI-149"
],
"Agency": [
"NIAID NIH HHS",
"NIAID NIH HHS",
"NIAID NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "England"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"9005-79-2",
"EC 2.4.1.11"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Glycogen",
"Glycogen Synthase"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Glycogen",
"Glycogen Synthase",
"Helix, Snails",
"Host-Parasite Interactions",
"Liver",
"Pancreas"
],
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{
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"Month": 7,
"Day": 5
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"Year": 2019,
"Month": 8,
"Day": 16
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "1. Activity of glycogen synthase (E.C. 2.4.1.11) in Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda: Cyclophyllidea) was investigated as a function of development and with crowding. 2. Synthase activity was low in the anterior and posterior ends of the worms and highest in the pregravid proglottids in the mid-portion of the strobila. 3. The enzyme activity increased during development of the cestode at least up to 15 days postinfection, but the increase in activity apparently was not due to conversion of the inactive to the active form. 4. Mature oncospheres also contained glycogen synthase, but the activity was lower than in strobilar tissues. 5. Synthase I activities and the proportion of total activity in the I form were generally higher in worms from high density (100 worm) infections than in those from low density (10 worm) infections."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Glycogen synthase in the rat tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta--I. Enzyme activity during development and with crowding.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Dendinger",
"Roberts"
],
"ForeName": [
"J E",
"L S"
],
"Initials": [
"JE",
"LS"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
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]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"5 T01 AI-226",
"AI-06153"
],
"Agency": [
"NIAID NIH HHS",
"NIAID NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
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}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "England"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"EC 2.4.1.11"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Glycogen Synthase"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Glycogen Synthase",
"Hymenolepis",
"Male",
"Rats"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"metabolism",
"enzymology",
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{
"PMID": 122561,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1989,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 5
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 8,
"Day": 16
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "1. The proportion of activity in the physiologically active I form of glycogen synthase in Hymenolepis diminuta (Cestoda) decreased in the worm when the rat host was fasted and was greatly increased in the cestode 1 hr after a 24 hr fasted rat was refed. 2. The increase in glycogen synthase I activity was due to glucose present in the host gut after feeding, not to other physiological changes in the rat intestine due to meal consumption. 3. Incubation of intact H. diminuta in vitro with glucose also resulted in the conversion of glycogen synthase D to I. 4. Glucose does not appear to affect the glycogen synthase complex directly, because neither the total synthase converted to I nor the rate of conversion was affected by glucose in a partially purified homogenate. 5. High concentrations of glycogen inhibited the synthase D to I conversion and high mol. wt glycogen was a more effective inhibitor than low mol. wt glycogen."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Glycogen synthase in the rat tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta--II. Control of enzyme activity by glucose and glycogen.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Dendinger",
"Roberts"
],
"ForeName": [
"J E",
"L S"
],
"Initials": [
"JE",
"LS"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"5T01-AI-226",
"AI-06153"
],
"Agency": [
"NIAID NIH HHS",
"NIAID NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
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"Journal Article",
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}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "England"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"8L70Q75FXE",
"9005-79-2",
"EC 2.4.1.11",
"IY9XDZ35W2"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Adenosine Triphosphate",
"Glycogen",
"Glycogen Synthase",
"Glucose"
]
}
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"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adenosine Triphosphate",
"Animals",
"Glucose",
"Glycogen",
"Glycogen Synthase",
"Hymenolepis",
"Male",
"Rats"
],
"QualifierName": [
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"metabolism",
"metabolism",
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{
"PMID": 122562,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1989,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 5
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 8,
"Day": 16
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "1. Kinetic properties of adult Phormia fat body glycogen synthetase were studied and compared to other animals. The KM for UDPG is 2.82 mM, decreasing to 0.58 mM in the presence of G-6-P. 2. The specific activity of fat body glycogen synthetase shows a reduction of 30% within 2 days after allatectomy. 3. Fat body T-6-P synthetase activity decreases to 70% of the control value after cardiacectomy. 4. Corpus cardiacum homogenate fails to induce higher T-6-P synthetase activity in cell-free preparations from cardiacectomized flies. 5. Interactions between corpus cardiacum and corpus allatum in regulating carbohydrate metabolism are discussed."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Hormonal regulation of trehalose metabolism in the blowfly Phormia Regina Meig.: effects of cardiacectomy and allatectomy at the subcellular level.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Chen",
"Friedman"
],
"ForeName": [
"A C",
"S"
],
"Initials": [
"AC",
"S"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AI-06345"
],
"Agency": [
"NIAID NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
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"Journal Article",
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]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "England"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"B8WCK70T7I",
"EC 2.4.1.11"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Disaccharides",
"Insect Hormones",
"Trehalose",
"Glycogen Synthase"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Corpora Allata",
"Diptera",
"Disaccharides",
"Glycogen Synthase",
"Insect Hormones",
"Kinetics",
"Trehalose"
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"QualifierName": [
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"enzymology",
"metabolism",
"antagonists & inhibitors",
"physiology",
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"biosynthesis"
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{
"PMID": 122573,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1989,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 21
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 8,
"Day": 16
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "1. Two forms of carbonic anhydrase, having isoelectric points of 6.1 and 5.8, were purified from erythrocytes of the toad, Bufo marinus, and the presence of a third form, pI = 5.4, was demonstrated. 2. Each of the two purified isozymes catalyzed the hydration of CO2 and the hydrolysis of nitrophenyl acetate esters at rates characteristic of Type C (or high-activity) forms of carbonic anhydrase. 3. Both forms of the erythrocyte enzyme have similar molecular weights (approx 29,000), amino acid composition, sensitivity to acetazolamide, and kinetic properties. 4. The epithelium of the toad's urinary bladder also was found to contain significant amounts of carbonic anhydrase, which appears by isoelectric focusing to be indistinguishable from the enzyme isolated from the erythrocyte."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Toad carbonic anhydrase: purification of the enzyme from erythrocytes of Bufo marinus and comparison with the enzyme activity in the urinary bladder.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Scott",
"Skipski"
],
"ForeName": [
"W N",
"I"
],
"Initials": [
"WN",
"I"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"EY 00718"
],
"Agency": [
"NEI NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
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"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "England"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"EC 4.2.1.1"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Amino Acids",
"Carbonic Anhydrases"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Amino Acids",
"Animals",
"Bufo marinus",
"Carbonic Anhydrases",
"Erythrocytes",
"Urinary Bladder"
],
"QualifierName": [
"analysis",
"",
"",
"blood",
"enzymology",
"enzymology"
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"PMID": 122575,
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"Year": 1989,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 21
},
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"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 8,
"Day": 16
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "1. High activity (CA C) and low activity (CA B) carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes have been purified from turtle erythrocytes. 2. The two isoenzymes differed in CO2 hydration specific activity by 36-fold. 3. The low activity isoenzyme contained one half-cystine residue, whereas the high activity isoenzyme contained four half-cystines and required a reducing environment to maintain activity. Both isoenzymes contained zinc. 4. Molecular weights of 28,500 and 30,400 daltons were established for the low and high activity isoenzymes respectively. 5. Both isoenzymes were inhibited by acetazolamide, but only the high activity isoenzyme was inhibited by parachloromercuribenzoate. 6. The low activity isoenzyme was present in the erythrocytes at about 8-10 times the concentration of the high activity isoenzyme. 7. The high activity isoenzyme cross-reacted with antibodies prepared against pure chicken carbonic anhydrase C."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Purification and partial characterization of high and low activity carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes from Malaclemys terrapin centrata.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Hall",
"Schraer"
],
"ForeName": [
"G E",
"R"
],
"Initials": [
"GE",
"R"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AM ES 05970",
"AM ES 17217"
],
"Agency": [
"NIADDK NIH HHS",
"NIADDK NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "England"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"EC 4.2.1.1"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Isoenzymes",
"Carbonic Anhydrases"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Carbonic Anhydrases",
"Erythrocytes",
"Isoenzymes",
"Kinetics",
"Turtles"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"blood",
"enzymology",
"blood",
"",
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]
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{
"PMID": 122576,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1989,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 21
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 8,
"Day": 16
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "1. Hepatic proteins isolated from control kennel dogs bound small quantities of zinc and iron and the peptide fraction contained neither metal. 2. Zince loading of kennel dogs stimulated an hepatic uptake of five times more zinc and three times more iron than an equivalent copper load. The increase in metal concentration was noted in the 10,000 dalton protein. 3. Both the 12,000 and 10,000 dalton proteins isolated from kennel dogs contained more binding sites specific for zinc than for either copper or iron. All three proteins isolated from Alaskan Malamutes showed a smaller affinity for zinc than copper or iron. 4. Both copper and zinc loading stimulated an uptake of [14C]glucosamine and [3H]serine from the peptide fraction of control kennel dogs into the 10,000 dalton protein."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Alaskan malamute chondrodysplasia--VIII. Incorporation of [14C]glucosamine and [3H]serine in hepatic metal-binding proteins of Canis familaris.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"McBride-Warren",
"McCutcheon",
"Brown"
],
"ForeName": [
"P A",
"J S",
"R G"
],
"Initials": [
"PA",
"JS",
"RG"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AM 18758"
],
"Agency": [
"NIADDK NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "England"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"10028-17-8",
"452VLY9402",
"N08U5BOQ1K"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Carbon Radioisotopes",
"Metalloproteins",
"Tritium",
"Serine",
"Glucosamine"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Carbon Radioisotopes",
"Dog Diseases",
"Dogs",
"Glucosamine",
"Liver",
"Metalloproteins",
"Osteochondrodysplasias",
"Reference Values",
"Serine",
"Species Specificity",
"Tritium"
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{
"PMID": 122582,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1989,
"Month": 9,
"Day": 14
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 8,
"Day": 16
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "1. The O2 consumption and lactic acid production of the lens of the toad Bufo marinus was measured under various conditions. The energy consumption was very low compared to other amphibian tissues and about 20% of that previously described in the rat lens. About 80% was derived from oxidative metabolism, which is the converse of that seen in mammals. 2. Cyanide abolished O2 consumption and increased lactate production 20-30 times (\"Pasteur effect\"). 3. Under aerobic conditions about 40% of the energy requirements of the lens are related to the presence of Na in the bathing-media but this was not seen in the presence of CN. 4. Oxidative metabolism was predominant in the outer cortical regions of the lens while glycolysis persisted even in the central nucleus. The energetic requirements of this region were, however, only about 10% of those in the intact lens. 5. Lactate readily leaves the lens and passes into its bathing fluids, and at high rates of glycolysis this occurs more readily across the posterior surface. 6. The results are discussed in relation to the unique physiological needs, structure and situation of the lens."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Aerobic and anaerobic metabolism of the crystalline lens of a poikilotherm; the toad Bufo marinus.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Yorio",
"Cruz",
"Bentley"
],
"ForeName": [
"T",
"E",
"P J"
],
"Initials": [
"T",
"E",
"PJ"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"EY 01278"
],
"Agency": [
"NEI NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
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"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
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}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "England"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"33X04XA5AT"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Cyanides",
"Lactates",
"Lactic Acid"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Aerobiosis",
"Anaerobiosis",
"Animals",
"Bufo marinus",
"Cell Membrane Permeability",
"Cell Nucleus",
"Cyanides",
"Energy Metabolism",
"Glycolysis",
"Lactates",
"Lactic Acid",
"Lens, Crystalline",
"Oxygen Consumption"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"metabolism",
"pharmacology",
"",
"",
"metabolism",
"",
"drug effects",
"drug effects"
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
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"122582",
"10.1016/0305-0491(79)90295-5"
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]
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"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
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}
},
"ReferenceList": {
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}
} |
{
"PMID": 122589,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1989,
"Month": 12,
"Day": 7
},
"NumberOfReferences": 65,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 10,
"Day": 27
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "1. The pharmacological effects of TRH are compared to those produced by d-amphetamine in an attempt to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the activity of this endogenous peptide. 2. Although numerous amphetamine-like actions have been attributed to TRH, several differences have been noted between these compounds and are discussed. 3. At present, it is impossible to propose a single mechanism of action to explain the behavioral effects of TRH."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Thyrotropin-releasing hormone and amphetamine: a comparison of pharmacological profiles in animals.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Manberg",
"Nemeroff",
"Prange"
],
"ForeName": [
"P J",
"C B",
"A J"
],
"Initials": [
"PJ",
"CB",
"AJ"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"HD03110",
"MH-22536"
],
"Agency": [
"NICHD NIH HHS",
"NIMH NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Comparative Study",
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.",
"Review"
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "England"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"5Y5F15120W",
"CK833KGX7E"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Amphetamine"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Amphetamine",
"Animals",
"Behavior, Animal",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone"
],
"QualifierName": [
"pharmacology",
"",
"drug effects",
"pharmacology"
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
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[],
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"122589",
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1979,
2001,
1979
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}
},
"ReferenceList": {
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} |
{
"PMID": 122596,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1990,
"Month": 1,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2018,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 30
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Single iv injections of a rabbit antiserum to synthetic LHRH promptly suppressed serum LH and FSH concentrations in ovariectomized rhesus monkeys. Gonadotropin levels remained depressed for 10-21 days, the approximate duration of enhanced LHRH binding activity in the circulation. Doses of LHRH antiserum sufficient to reduce tonic gonadotropin secretion did not modify the time course or magnitude of estrogen-induced gonadotropin surges. These negative findings, however, cannot be interpreted to signify that such surges are not caused by a release of LHRH."
},
"ArticleTitle": "The effect of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) antiserum administration on gonadotropin secretion in the rhesus monkey.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"McCormack",
"Plant",
"Hess",
"Knobil"
],
"ForeName": [
"J T",
"T M",
"D L",
"E"
],
"Initials": [
"JT",
"TM",
"DL",
"E"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"HD-03968",
"HD-08610"
],
"Agency": [
"NICHD NIH HHS",
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"33515-09-2",
"4TI98Z838E",
"9002-67-9",
"9002-68-0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Antibodies",
"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Estradiol",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Antibodies",
"Estradiol",
"Female",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Immunologic Techniques",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Macaca mulatta",
"Ovariectomy",
"Secretory Rate"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"administration & dosage",
"pharmacology",
"",
"metabolism",
"immunology",
"",
"metabolism",
"",
"",
"drug effects"
]
}
}
} | {
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"Year": [
1977,
1977,
1977
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"Month": [
3,
3,
3
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
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}
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{
"PMID": 122597,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1990,
"Month": 1,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2018,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 30
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Rat testes and accessory sex organs were perfused in situ by recirculating an artificial medium through the hemicorpus preparation previously developed for studies of skeletal muscle. The advantages and limitations of this system for studying the male productive tract were examined. The electrolyte and gas composition of the perfusate remained constant and glucose levels did not fall below normal during 3 h of perfusion. Testicular water content, temperature, and ATP and GTP levels were normal at 90 min. The mean arterial pressure was 40 mm Hg and the flow rates, measured with microspheres, were normal to high to the caput epididymides, ventral prostate and seminal vesicles and approximately half normal to the testes in preparations from 90 day old rats perfused at 35 ml/min. Administration of vasodilators indicated the absence of significant vasoconstriction in the hemicorpus. There was appreciable testosterone metabolism by the preparation and in addition, there was absorption of testosterone by the plastic tubing of the perfusion apparatus. Testosterone levels in the perfusate rose for 90 min in response to hCG. There was a dose-response relationship between hCG (20-1000 mIU/ml of medium) and testosterone levels at 90 min. FSH, prolactin, insulin and vitamins had no significant effect on hCG-stimulated testosterone levels. This perfusion system should prove useful for studies of hormone action."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Perfusion of rat testes and accessory sex organs: a new method.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Baker",
"Sonstein",
"Eichner",
"Santen",
"Jefferson",
"Bardin"
],
"ForeName": [
"H W",
"F M",
"G J",
"R J",
"L S",
"C W"
],
"Initials": [
"HW",
"FM",
"GJ",
"RJ",
"LS",
"CW"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AM-15658",
"F05 TW 2118-02",
"HD05276"
],
"Agency": [
"NIADDK NIH HHS",
"FIC NIH HHS",
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
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},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"0",
"3XMK78S47O",
"9002-62-4",
"9002-68-0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Chorionic Gonadotropin",
"Insulin",
"Vasodilator Agents",
"Testosterone",
"Prolactin",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Chorionic Gonadotropin",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Insulin",
"Male",
"Perfusion",
"Prolactin",
"Rats",
"Rats, Inbred Strains",
"Secretory Rate",
"Testis",
"Testosterone",
"Vasodilator Agents"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"pharmacology",
"pharmacology",
"pharmacology",
"",
"methods",
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"",
"drug effects",
"metabolism",
"metabolism",
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]
}
}
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1977
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}
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{
"PMID": 122598,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1990,
"Month": 1,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2013,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 21
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "In an effort to determine whether the metabolic conversion of progestrone may be important in the feedback effects of this steroid, serum LH and FSH levels were measured after administration of progesterone, 5 alpha-dihydroprogesterone or 3 alpha-hydroxy-5 alpha-pregnan-20-one to estrogen-primed ovariectomized rats. A single injection of 2 or 4 mg progesterone, 4 mg 5 alpha-dihydroprogesterone, or 4 mg 3 alpha-hydroxy-5 alpha-pregnan-20-one 72 h (Day 3) after estrogen pretreatment induced a highly significant increase in serum LH and FSH 6 h later (1800 h). Although serum gonadotropin levels had begun to decrease 12 h after administration of the progestins, they were still significantly higher than control values and did not return to baseline levels until noon on Day 4. When either progesterone or 3 alpha-hydroxy-5 alpha-pregnan-20-one was administered at noon on Days 3 and 4, there was a significant reduction in LH levels 6 h after the second injection. In contrast, serum LH levels were slightly elevated 3 to 6 h (1500 to 1800 h) after the second injection of 5 alpha-dihydroprogesterone and did not decrease until 2100 h. There was no effect on FSH concentrations after a second injection of any of the progestins. Loss of uterine luminal fluid was observed within 24 h after a single injection of progesterone. Neither of the 5 alpha-reduced metabolites had an effect on uterine ballooning until after the second injection, and, even then, nonfluid-filled uteri were observed in only 20 to 30% of the animals. The results suggest that the conversion of progesterone to 5 alpha-dihydroprogesterone and 3 alpha-hydroxy-5 alpha-pregnan-20-one by neuroendocrine tissues may be necessary for the positive and negative feedback effects of progesterone on gonadotropin secretion. Thus, the diverse effects of progesterone may be due to progesterone per se (e.g., in the uterus) and/or its metabolites (e.g., in the hypothalamus and pituitary)."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Effect of progesterone and its 5 alpha-reduced metabolites on gonadotropin levels in estrogen-primed ovariectomized rats.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Nuti",
"Karavolas"
],
"ForeName": [
"K M",
"H J"
],
"Initials": [
"KM",
"HJ"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"1 K4-HD-70,006",
"1-R01-HD-05414-02",
"5-T01-HD-00104-08"
],
"Agency": [
"NICHD NIH HHS",
"NICHD NIH HHS",
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"4G7DS2Q64Y",
"9002-67-9",
"9002-68-0",
"98G4S1OH0Z"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Estrogens",
"Pregnanediones",
"Progesterone",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"5-alpha-Dihydroprogesterone"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"5-alpha-Dihydroprogesterone",
"Animals",
"Estrogens",
"Female",
"Follicle Stimulating Hormone",
"Luteinizing Hormone",
"Ovariectomy",
"Pregnanediones",
"Progesterone",
"Rats"
],
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"",
"",
"pharmacology",
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"blood",
"blood",
"",
"pharmacology",
"analogs & derivatives",
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]
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1977,
1977
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{
"PMID": 122599,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1990,
"Month": 1,
"Day": 17
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2014,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 20
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The rate of in vitro production of thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG) was studied in hepatocytes isolated from 6 control rhesus monkeys (serum TBG: 19.6 +/- 0.5 micrograms/ml; mean +/- SE) and 6 monkeys treated for 4-5 weeks with beta-estradiol (E2) (serum TBG: 45.1 +/- 1.8 micrograms/ml). Incorporation of [3H]leucine into intracellular soluble and particle-bound TBG, and into secreted TBG was determined for incubation periods up to 9 h. TBG was purified by affinity chromatography and measured by specific immunoprecipitation. The absolute amount of [3H]TBG and the ratio of [3H]TBG to total labeled protein in the same fraction were 3-fold higher in the particulate fraction and in the incubation medium of hepatocytes isolated from E2-treated monkeys. In separate experiments, TBG accumulation in the medium was measured for periods up to 19 h by radioimmunoassay. A 2.4-fold increase was observed with hepatocytes from E2-treated monkeys (3.48 ng TBG/h/10(7) cells, compared to 1.46 in controls). Correction of the production rates for the number of cells surviving during the incubation, and assuming 10.2 x 10(9) cells per liver, gave TBG production rates of 250 micrograms/liver/day in hepatocytes from E2-treated monkeys and 104 micrograms/day in hepatocytes from control monkeys. These experiments demonstrate that estrogen increases in vitro synthesis and secretion of TBG by isolated hepatocytes. The observed 2.4 to 3-fold increase was similar to the 2.9-fold increase in TBG production measured in vivo by kinetic analysis of TBG metabolism."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Stimulation of thyroxine-binding globulin synthesis by isolated rhesus monkey hepatocytes after in vivo beta-estradiol administration.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Glinoer",
"Gershengorn",
"Dubois",
"Robbins"
],
"ForeName": [
"D",
"M C",
"A",
"J"
],
"Initials": [
"D",
"MC",
"A",
"J"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"F05TW2165"
],
"Agency": [
"FIC NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"4TI98Z838E"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Thyroxine-Binding Proteins",
"Estradiol"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Cells, Cultured",
"Estradiol",
"Female",
"In Vitro Techniques",
"Liver",
"Macaca mulatta",
"Radioimmunoassay",
"Thyroxine-Binding Proteins"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"",
"blood",
"",
"",
"metabolism",
"",
"",
"biosynthesis"
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}
}
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{
"PMID": 122600,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1990,
"Month": 1,
"Day": 17
},
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"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2014,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 20
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "A mitochondrial fraction prepared from homogenates of rat hypothalamic tissue was found by means of electron microscopy to be enriched with synaptosomes. The release of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) and thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) from this preparation was investigated. After incubation, the synaptosomes were re-isolated by ultrafiltration; and the concentration of LHRH and TRH in the ultrafiltrate was determined by radioimmunoassay. When the synaptosome-enriched preparation was incubated in 0.32M sucrose at 1 or 30 C, less than 10% of the total LHRH and TRH was recovered in the ultrafiltrate. The two hormones were released by depolarizing concentrations (60 mM) of K+ in a Ca++-dependent manner, and the stimulatory effect of K+ was essentially complete within 2 min. In the presence of 2 mM Ca++, the release of LHRH and TRH increased with increasing K+ concentrations in the range 30-120 mM. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), PGF2 alpha, and PGF2 beta had little if any effect on LHRH or TRH release. When the synaptosome-enriched fraction was incubated in Hanks' balanced salt solution, the release of LHRH and TRH was about 10 times greater than that seen in 0.32M sucrose. It is concluded that a synaptosome-enriched fraction from the hypothalamus contains readily releasable pools of LHRH and TRH which are mobilized rapidly by depolarizing concentrations of K+ in a Ca++-dependent manner."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Release of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone and thyrotropin releasing hormone from a synaptosome-enriched fraction of hypothalamic homogenates.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Warberg",
"Eskay",
"Barnea",
"Reynolds",
"Porter"
],
"ForeName": [
"J",
"R L",
"A",
"R C",
"J C"
],
"Initials": [
"J",
"RL",
"A",
"RC",
"JC"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"5-P17-HL14187-06",
"AM01237",
"HD08672"
],
"Agency": [
"NHLBI NIH HHS",
"NIADDK NIH HHS",
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
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}
},
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},
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"0",
"33515-09-2",
"4510-16-1",
"5Y5F15120W",
"B7IN85G1HY",
"K7Q1JQR04M",
"RWP5GA015D",
"SY7Q814VUP"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Prostaglandins F",
"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"prostaglandin F2beta",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Dinoprost",
"Dinoprostone",
"Potassium",
"Calcium"
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}
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"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
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"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Calcium",
"Cell-Free System",
"Dinoprost",
"Dinoprostone",
"Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Hypothalamus",
"In Vitro Techniques",
"Male",
"Potassium",
"Prostaglandins F",
"Rats",
"Synaptosomes",
"Temperature",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone"
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"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1990,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 23
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"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2015,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 19
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The plasma growth hormone (hGH) responses to an intravenous challenge of 400 micrograms of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) were evaluated in 14 normal controls and in 29 chronic alcoholic men. The normal controls had either a minimal or no hGH response to TRH, having basal hGH levels of 0.9 +/- 0.2 ng per ml and peak hGH levels of 2.0 +/- 0.5 ng per ml. In contrast, the chronic alcoholic men had a basal hGH level of 2.8 +/- 0.4 ng per ml, 3 times the basal level of the normal controls (P less than 0.01). The peak hGH response of the alcoholic men was 7.4 +/- 1.5 ng per ml (P less than 0.01). The 29 alcoholic men could be divided into two groups based upon the presence or absence of cirrhosis as determined by liver biopsy. The 16 alcoholic men with cirrhosis had greater basal hGH levels (3.5 +/- 0.6 ng per ml) and peak hGH levels (9.5 +/- 2.3 ng per ml) than did the 13 alcoholic men without cirrhosis (basal hGH 2.1 +/- 0.6 ng per ml, peak hGH 4.9 +/- 1.5 ng/ml). Plasma estradiol levels were similar in the normal controls and in the alcoholic men. In contrast, plasma estrone was greater in the alcoholic men (32.2 +/- 3.5 pg per ml) than in the normal controls (18.9 +/- 1.8 pg per ml) (P less than 0.05). However, when the plasma estrone levels of alcoholic men with cirrhosis were compared to those of the alcoholic men without cirrhosis no difference existed. Thus it is difficult to ascribe the increased hGH responses of the cirrhotic alcoholic men when compared to those of the noncirrhotic alcoholic men as being a result of increased basal estrogen levels."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)-induced growth hormone (hGH) responses in cirrhotic men.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Van Thiel",
"Gavaler",
"Wight",
"Smith",
"Abuid"
],
"ForeName": [
"D H",
"J S",
"C",
"W I",
"J"
],
"Initials": [
"DH",
"JS",
"C",
"WI",
"J"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AA01450"
],
"Agency": [
"NIAAA NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"2DI9HA706A",
"4TI98Z838E",
"5Y5F15120W",
"9002-62-4",
"9002-72-6"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Estrone",
"Estradiol",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone",
"Prolactin",
"Growth Hormone"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adult",
"Estradiol",
"Estrone",
"Growth Hormone",
"Humans",
"Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System",
"Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic",
"Male",
"Prolactin",
"Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"blood",
"blood",
"blood",
"",
"physiopathology",
"metabolism",
"",
"blood",
""
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
[
"122603",
"S0016508578001316"
]
]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1978,
2001,
1978
],
"Month": [
7,
3,
7
],
"Day": [
1,
28,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122625,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1990,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 20
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2007,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 14
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "We report the histologic and electron microscopic findings following intravenous inoculation of M. leprae into neonatally thymectomized Lewis rats, which were killed one to two years later. All organs appeared normal grossly. Histologic changes were confined to the footpads, snout, ears, tail, and testes, all of which were involved in every rat. The tissues were edematous and infiltrated by varying numbers of foamy macrophages. In the footpads muscle fibers were vacuolated, and small nerves showed degenerative changes. Large numbers of M. leprae were present in macrophages and striated muscle cells and smaller numbers in perineural cells and pericytes, as well as lying free in the tissues. Occasional intracellular bacilli were found throughout the reticuloendothelial system. Electron microscopy confirmed that the majority of organisms were within activated macrophages. Both intact and fragmented bacilli were contained within double-membrane bound vacuoles. Numerous M. leprae were lying free within the sarcoplasm of striated muscle cells. Virtually all of the extracellular organisms were degenerating."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Neonatally thymectomized Lewis rats infected with Mycobacterium leprae. 2. Histopathologic and electron microscopic observations.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Dawson",
"Ringus",
"Fieldsteel"
],
"ForeName": [
"P J",
"J C",
"A H"
],
"Initials": [
"PJ",
"JC",
"AH"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"R22 A1-08417"
],
"Agency": [
"PHS HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [],
"NameOfSubstance": []
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Animals, Newborn",
"Leprosy",
"Macrophages",
"Microscopy, Electron",
"Muscles",
"Mycobacterium leprae",
"Rats",
"Rats, Inbred Lew",
"Thymectomy"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"",
"pathology",
"microbiology",
"",
"microbiology",
"isolation & purification",
"",
"",
""
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
[
"122625"
]
]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1979,
1979,
1979
],
"Month": [
12,
12,
12
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122701,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1991,
"Month": 1,
"Day": 24
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2015,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The present study describes methods to 1) selectively isolate Corn Cob Configurations (CCC) from dental plaque by micromanipulation; 2) obtain pure cultures of the coccal constituent; 3) determine by immunofluorescent procedure which organisms originated from the CCC. Using a de Fonbrune micromanipulator, CCC specimens were isolated from supragingival plaque samples. The viability of one specimen thus obtained was established by observing growth on a slide culture. One set of CCC specimens was transferred to broth and incubated aerobically immediately upon collection. Another set was transferred to prereduced transport medium and later plated on blood agar for aerobic and anaerobic culturing. A total of 10 coccal strains were thus isolated. Antisera produced in rabbits against the 10 strains were used to localize these coccal organisms on plaque smears by using the indirect fluorescent antibody technique. Of the 10 antisera tested, 2 produced against streptococcal strains consistently gave a positive immunofluorescent reaction with the coccal component of CCC in the plaque smears; the corresponding streptococci were therefore considered to be CCC forming strains in vivo."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Combined micromanipulation, culture and immunofluorescent techniques for isolation of the coccal organisms comprising the \"corn cob\" configuration of human dental plaque.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Mouton",
"Reynolds",
"Genco"
],
"ForeName": [
"C",
"H",
"R J"
],
"Initials": [
"C",
"H",
"RJ"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"DE00173",
"DE03841"
],
"Agency": [
"NIDCR NIH HHS",
"NIDCR NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "France"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Culture Media",
"Fluoresceins"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Bacteria",
"Bacteriological Techniques",
"Culture Media",
"Dental Plaque",
"Fluoresceins",
"Fluorescent Antibody Technique",
"Humans",
"Micromanipulation",
"Specimen Handling"
],
"QualifierName": [
"cytology",
"",
"",
"microbiology",
"",
"",
"",
"instrumentation",
"instrumentation"
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
[
"122701"
]
]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1977,
1977,
1977
],
"Month": [
12,
12,
12
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122708,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1991,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 19
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Sodium appetite was studied in rats with lesions destroying the entire amygdaloid nuclear complex. The rats were totally aphagic and adipsic for several days following lesioning but regained nearly normal levels of food and water intake about 2 to 3 weeks postoperatively. Intake of 3% saline was observed after induction of sodium appetite by treatment with a mineralocorticoid and a natriuretic agent. Rats with amygdaloid lesions generally manifested severe but not total loss of sodium appetite. Regulation of water intake was also moderately to severely impaired. Suggestive evidence was obtained that recovery of sodium appetite in amygdalectomized rats can be enhanced by postoperative experience with sodium appetite and saline reinforcement."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Effect of total amygdalectomy upon regulation of salt intake in rats.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Cox",
"Cruz",
"Ruger"
],
"ForeName": [
"J R",
"C E",
"J"
],
"Initials": [
"JR",
"CE",
"J"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"NS 12514"
],
"Agency": [
"NINDS NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Sodium, Dietary"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Amygdala",
"Animals",
"Feeding Behavior",
"Male",
"Rats",
"Rats, Inbred Strains",
"Sodium, Dietary"
],
"QualifierName": [
"physiology",
"",
"physiology",
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
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"122708",
"0361-9230(78)90071-0",
"10.1016/0361-9230(78)90071-0"
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"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
],
"Month": [
9,
9,
9
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122709,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1991,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 19
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The amplitudes of electrodermal reflexes evoked in intact cats were compared under a variety of anesthetic conditions. Electrodermal reflexes were elicited in both decerebrate and spinal preparations with and without anesthesia. Reflex amplitude was significantly depressed in the anesthetized preparation after decerebration or spinal transection. In contrast, spinal transection performed after decerebration in unanesthetized preparations significantly increased the amplitude of the reflex. The evidence presented in this study supports the concept of a primarily inhibitory lower brainstem system with regard to this reflex. The relative stability of the reflex amplitude in the anesthetized cat suggests that this reflex system could be useful in the analysis of the effects of drugs acting on the central nervous system."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Some physiologic characteristics of the electrodermal reflex in the cat.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Bernthal",
"Koss"
],
"ForeName": [
"P J",
"M C"
],
"Initials": [
"PJ",
"MC"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"MH-25792"
],
"Agency": [
"NIMH NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [],
"NameOfSubstance": []
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Anesthesia",
"Animals",
"Cats",
"Female",
"Galvanic Skin Response",
"Male"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"",
"",
"",
"physiology",
""
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
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"122709",
"0361-9230(78)90072-2",
"10.1016/0361-9230(78)90072-2"
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]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
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"Month": [
9,
9,
9
],
"Day": [
1,
1,
1
]
}
},
"ReferenceList": {
"Citation": [],
"CitationId": []
}
} |
{
"PMID": 122710,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1991,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 19
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The effects of a low protein diet during gestation, lactation, and after weaning on the anatomical development of a subcortical nucleate formation, the neostriatum, and a reticulate formation, the diagonal band of Broca, were studied. At 10, 30, and 90 days the volume of the neostriatum was decreased in the experimental rats. However, the percent of the brain volume that was neostriatum was unaffected at each of these ages. In a rapid Golgi study of individual neurons at 90 days of age there was no significant effect of the low protein diet on the dendritic length of three different types of neurons within the neostriatum. However, its heavily spined dominant neuron showed a significant decrease in synaptic spine density. In the reticular formation, there was also no significant effect on dendritic length. A minute, apparently axonless cell corresponding to the neurogliaform cell of Ramón y Cajal, showed a decrease in extent of its cell processes only in the neostriatum. When compared to cortical formations, these phylogenetically more conservative neuronal substrates appear to be more resistant to the effects of undernutrition."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Effect of a low protein diet on the anatomical development of subcortical formations.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Kemper",
"Pasquier",
"Drazen"
],
"ForeName": [
"T L",
"D A",
"S"
],
"Initials": [
"TL",
"DA",
"S"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"5 PO1 HD06364"
],
"Agency": [
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [],
"NameOfSubstance": []
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Brain",
"Corpus Striatum",
"Female",
"Pregnancy",
"Protein Deficiency",
"Rats",
"Rats, Inbred Strains"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"growth & development",
"growth & development",
"",
"",
"physiopathology",
"",
""
]
}
}
} | {
"ArticleIdList": {
"ArticleId": [
[],
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"122710",
"0361-9230(78)90073-4",
"10.1016/0361-9230(78)90073-4"
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]
},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
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"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
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"Day": [
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}
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{
"PMID": 122711,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1991,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 19
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Septal destruction and ovariectomy each influenced food intake and body weight differentially. Animals sustaining septal damage ingested significantly more food than the other groups, and septal hyperphagia persisted for as long as 109 days. Ovarian hyperphagia did not occur under conditions of constant illumination. Septal destruction exerted essentially no effect on body weight, while ovariectomy substantially increased body weight. Sequential surgical manipulations provided further evidence that the ovaries and the septum influence food intake and body weight via independent mechanisms. Results indicated that the septal and ovarian effects on water intake are not mediated via independent mechanisms. Septal and ovarian hyperdipsia were found to be very robust effects occurring regardless of the lighting regimen. It was further demonstrated that ovarian hyperdipsia is not secondary to food intake but rather is primary hyperdipsia."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Effects of septal damage and ovariectomy on feeding, drinking and body weight.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Geiselman",
"Almli"
],
"ForeName": [
"P J",
"C R"
],
"Initials": [
"PJ",
"CR"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"HD-08504"
],
"Agency": [
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [],
"NameOfSubstance": []
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Body Weight",
"Brain Injuries",
"Drinking Behavior",
"Feeding Behavior",
"Female",
"Ovariectomy",
"Rats"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"physiology",
"psychology",
"physiology",
"physiology",
"",
"",
""
]
}
}
} | {
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[],
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"122711",
"0361-9230(78)90075-8",
"10.1016/0361-9230(78)90075-8"
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},
"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
"PubMedPubDate": {
"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
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"Day": [
1,
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1
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}
},
"ReferenceList": {
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} |
{
"PMID": 122714,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1991,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 19
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Regional cerebral acetylcholine (ACh) levels and utilization rate were assessed in vivo in rats rendered thiamin deficient using the thiamin antagonists pyrithiamin or oxythiamin. ACh levels were significantly reduced in all brain regions of pyrithiamin treated rats and in the medulla-pons and striatum of oxythiamin treated rats compared to controls. ACh utilization was significantly reduced in the midbrain, striatum and hippocampus of pyrithiamin treated rats, but was reduced only in the striatum of oxythiamin treated rats compared to controls. Thus, there are some reductions in ACh levels and utilization that are unique to pyrithiamin induced deficiency and as such are distinct from oxythiamin/undernutrition related reductions. Since only pyrithiamin produces neurological symptoms, its unique ACh effects may be related to these symptoms."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Effects of pyrithiamin and oxythiamin on acetylcholine levels and utilization in rat brain.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Vorhees",
"Schmidt",
"Barrett"
],
"ForeName": [
"C V",
"D E",
"R J"
],
"Initials": [
"CV",
"DE",
"RJ"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"MH-08107"
],
"Agency": [
"NIMH NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"136-16-3",
"5JB3029BJ7",
"N9YNS0M02X"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Oxythiamine",
"Pyrithiamine",
"Acetylcholine"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Acetylcholine",
"Animals",
"Brain Chemistry",
"Female",
"Oxythiamine",
"Pyrithiamine",
"Rats",
"Thiamine Deficiency"
],
"QualifierName": [
"metabolism",
"",
"drug effects",
"",
"pharmacology",
"pharmacology",
"",
"chemically induced"
]
}
}
} | {
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"122714",
"0361-9230(78)90078-3",
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"PublicationStatus": "ppublish",
"History": {
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"Year": [
1978,
1978,
1978
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9,
9
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}
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{
"PMID": 122715,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1991,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 19
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Single unit activity was recorded from 400-500 mu m thick slices of rat hypothalamus, using either NaCl- or horseradish peroxidase-filled glass micropipettes. Spontaneous activity was present in the following hypothalamic loci: anterior hypothalamic-preoptic area, nucleus circularis, nucleus of the diagonal band of Broca, paraventricular accessory nucleus, paraventricular nucleus (all portions), periventricular regions of the anterior hypothalamus, and the suprachiasmatic nucleus. The supraoptic nucleus was the only major cell group studied to exhibit no spontaneous activity. Cells of the paraventricular and circularis nuclei were spontaneously active, displayed firing rates and patterns of activity similar to those recorded in vivo for magnocellular elements of the hypothalamus, and in some cases responded to increases in the osmolality of the bathing medium with altered firing rates and/or patterns of activity. Many cells in these preparations were characterized by phasic, bursting patterns of activity. Slow, irregular and regular, continuous activity was also frequently observed, as is typical in vivo. Median firing rates were in the range of 4-6 spikes/sec, somewhat faster than the rates usually reported for anesthetized in vivo preparations. These rates are more similar to those observed in unanesthetized monkeys or rats with diencephalic islands. Extracellular HRP marking provided a high degree of localization for many of the recorded cells. These results indicate that the hypothalamic slice preparation is useful for studies in which it is desirable to eliminate extrahypothalamic connections and in which it is necessary to exercise a fine degree of control over the extracellular environment of the cells."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Spontaneous and osmotically-stimulated activity in slices of rat hypothalamus.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Hatton",
"Armstrong",
"Gregory"
],
"ForeName": [
"G I",
"W E",
"W A"
],
"Initials": [
"GI",
"WE",
"WA"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"NSO9140"
],
"Agency": [
"NINDS NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
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"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [],
"NameOfSubstance": []
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Hypothalamus",
"In Vitro Techniques",
"Male",
"Osmolar Concentration",
"Rats",
"Rats, Inbred Strains"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"physiology",
"",
"",
"",
"",
""
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}
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} | {
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{
"PMID": 122716,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1991,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 19
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 19
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Arrays of triple microelectrodes were stereotaxically lowered into CA1, CA3 and dentate areas of the dorsal hippocampal formation in anesthetized rabbits. Recordings of action potentials and waves were analyzed on a PDP-11 computer using auto-, cross-, and multiple-correlation programs to determine temporal relations during 90 sec samples of spontaneous activity. It was found that temporal periods of neuronal firing and inhibition were strongly related to the pattern of waves. During periods of high amplitude synchronous waves (theta), the correlation between the activities of different groups of neurons was directly related to the periodicity of the wave. During instances of lower amplitude, desynchronous wave activity, the correlations between spikes recorded from those same cells were less periodic, varying according to the amount of wave synchrony. Variations in wave synchrony due to anatomical location, eserine effects, or spontaneous fluctuations under anesthesia produced corresponding variations in the relations between the activities of different groups of neurons. It is suggested that these relations between neuronal activity and gross waves may be implicated in processes which are at the basis of learning and memory."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Analysis of temporal relations among units and slow waves in rabbit hippocampus.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Berry",
"Rinaldi",
"Thompson",
"Verzeano"
],
"ForeName": [
"S D",
"P C",
"R F",
"M"
],
"Initials": [
"SD",
"PC",
"RF",
"M"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"MH-26530-04",
"NS-07145"
],
"Agency": [
"NIMH NIH HHS",
"NINDS NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [],
"NameOfSubstance": []
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Anesthesia",
"Animals",
"Electroencephalography",
"Hippocampus",
"Male",
"Neurons",
"Rabbits"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"",
"",
"cytology",
"",
"physiology",
""
]
}
}
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{
"PMID": 122719,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1991,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 19
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 19
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The effect of tetraethylthiuramdisulfide (disulfiram) on the catabolism of dopamine within discrete regions of the brain was investigated in the unrestrained rat. After a guide cannula had been implanted stereotaxically, a given subcortical site was radiolabeled with 14C-dopamine (DA) by microinjecting 2.0 mu Ci in 2.0 microliters. Successive push-pull perfusates collected from each tissue were assayed by paper electrophoresis for the separation of DA metabolites. When disulfiram, a potent aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) inhibitor, was given intragastrically in a clinically efficacious dose of 200 mg, the formation of the acids DOPAC and HVA was inhibited within perfusates of the caudate nucleus and nucleus accumbens. However, following disulfiram treatment, the proportion of alcohol metabolites did not differ from the control level in the untreated rat. The level of ALDH decreased by approximately 50% in these subcortical nuclei following the inhibition of the enzyme by disulfiram. Conversely, in samples of perfusate obtained from 14C-labeled sites within inferofrontal cortex, periform cortex, diagonal band of Broca, lateral-posterior caudate nucleus, tuberculum olfactorium, lateral olfactory tract or the olfactory nuclear complex, the proportion of DA metabolites remained stable. Generally, a low rate of deamination of the exogenously injected DA occurred within perfusion sites in the ventrobasal forebrain, whereas an intermediate rate of deamination was noted in samples collected at more dorsal loci. Thus, clearcut regional differences in DA catabolism occur in the brain of the living animal, which may depend upon the characteristics of the dopaminergic-rich area of the rat's brain."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Disulfiram alters dopamine metabolism at sites in rat's forebrain as detected by push-pull perfusions.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Weiner",
"Simpson",
"Thurman",
"Myers"
],
"ForeName": [
"H",
"C W",
"J A",
"R D"
],
"Initials": [
"H",
"CW",
"JA",
"RD"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AA-01395"
],
"Agency": [
"NIAAA NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"TR3MLJ1UAI",
"VTD58H1Z2X"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Alcohols",
"Aldehydes",
"Disulfiram",
"Dopamine"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Alcohols",
"Aldehydes",
"Animals",
"Brain Chemistry",
"Disulfiram",
"Dopamine",
"Male",
"Perfusion",
"Rats",
"Rats, Inbred Strains"
],
"QualifierName": [
"metabolism",
"metabolism",
"",
"drug effects",
"pharmacology",
"metabolism",
"",
"",
"",
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]
}
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} | {
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{
"PMID": 122720,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1991,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 19
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 19
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Many similarities exist between the inhibitory influence of estrogen on food intake (FI) and body weight (BWt) in female rats and the effect of lateral hypothalamic (LH) lesions on energy balance. Thus, a possible interaction of small electrolytic LH lesions (0.8 mA/10 sec) with hormone-dependent changes in FI, BWt and feeding patterns of female rats was examined. Relative to sham operated controls, rats with LH lesions showed a transitory period of anorexia and initial loss of BWt. Subsequently, FI and BWt gains of lesioned rats returned to control levels although a small chronic reduction in mean BWt was observed relative to sham animals. Daily changes in FI and BWt during 4-day estrous cycles as well as post-ovariectomy increases in FI and BWt were comparable for lesion and sham animals. Also, both groups showed a similar decrease in FI and BWt following a SC injection of estradiol benzoate (EB). Possible effects of LH lesions were further examined by analyzing feeding patterns. Feeding behavior was continuously monitored with photodetectors and recorded on an Esterline Angus event marker before and after a single SC injection of 6 micrograms of EB. Relative to shams, LH animals showed an exaggerated diurnal distribution of meals, ate smaller meals of shorter duration and had larger intervals between meals during the light period. EB was found to shift the feeding patterns of sham animals towards the meal patterns shown by the lesioned rats (exaggerated diurnal distribution of meals, etc.). However, the lesioned rats also showed a normal change in feeding patterns following EB, albeit these changes occurred from a markedly different baseline level.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)"
},
"ArticleTitle": "Similar effects of estrogen and lateral hypothalamic lesions on feeding behavior of female rats.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Nance",
"Gorski"
],
"ForeName": [
"D M",
"R A"
],
"Initials": [
"DM",
"RA"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"AM-18254",
"HD-01182"
],
"Agency": [
"NIADDK NIH HHS",
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
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}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Estrogens"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Body Weight",
"Estrogens",
"Feeding Behavior",
"Female",
"Hypothalamus, Middle",
"Rats",
"Rats, Inbred Strains"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"drug effects",
"pharmacology",
"drug effects",
"",
"physiology",
"",
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{
"PMID": 122722,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1991,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 19
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "EEG was recorded from the dorsal hippocampus of cats during walking in situations intended to elicit a minimum of orienting or attentional behavior. The situations included walking in an alley for food after prolonged overtraining, and ad lib walking in an observation chamber after 24 hours habituation. In virtually all (82-100%) cases of sustained walking RSA was present in the dorsal hippocampus; however, the amplitude of the RSA during walking was quite variable and in many cases quite small. The results suggest that in the cat motoric factors may influence the occurrence of RSA and non-motoric factors may influence the amplitude of RSA."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Movement-dependent and movement-independent changes in hippocampal RSA in cats.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Frederickson",
"Smylie",
"Howell",
"Lenig"
],
"ForeName": [
"C J",
"C S",
"G A",
"R B"
],
"Initials": [
"CJ",
"CS",
"GA",
"RB"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"R03-MH29835-01"
],
"Agency": [
"NIMH NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
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"Journal Article",
"Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
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}
},
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"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [],
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}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Cats",
"Electrodes",
"Electroencephalography",
"Hippocampus",
"Movement",
"Walking"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"",
"",
"",
"physiology",
"physiology",
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} | {
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{
"PMID": 122753,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1991,
"Month": 4,
"Day": 23
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 10,
"Day": 27
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The postpericardiotomy syndrome is a febrile illness with pericardial and pleural reaction that either persists or appears beyond the 1st postoperative week. We believe that it begins in the 1st week after intrapericardial cardiac surgery, and that clinical signs of illness correlate with appearance of AHA and with significant rise in titer to AVA. Our present working hypothesis is that myocardial damage with bleeding into the pericardial sac at the time of surgery combines with concurrently acquired or reactivated viral illness to set the stage for the syndrome. The immune response is triggered by viral invasion of traumatized myocardium and an immune response is mounted, not against autologous myocardium per se but against the neo-antigen, the virus-infected myocardium. The illness is self-limited. It sometimes recurs but it seems to leave no sequelae other than the bad memory of a painful postoperative complication that prolonged hospitalization and delayed the realization of the full benefits of that heart operation."
},
"ArticleTitle": "The postpericardiotomy syndrome then and now.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Engle",
"Gay",
"Kaminsky",
"Zabriskie",
"Senterfit"
],
"ForeName": [
"M A",
"W A",
"M E",
"J B",
"L B"
],
"Initials": [
"MA",
"WA",
"ME",
"JB",
"LB"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"2 R01 HL 16246",
"RR 47"
],
"Agency": [
"NHLBI NIH HHS",
"NCRR NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
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}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Antibodies, Viral",
"Autoantibodies"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Antibodies, Viral",
"Autoantibodies",
"Autoimmune Diseases",
"Child",
"Child, Preschool",
"Humans",
"Infant",
"Myocardium",
"Postpericardiotomy Syndrome",
"Prospective Studies"
],
"QualifierName": [
"analysis",
"analysis",
"immunology",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"immunology",
"epidemiology",
""
]
}
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1978
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{
"PMID": 122763,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1991,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 19
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 19
},
"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The present study examined the effects of lesions of the mammillary system on spatial memory and arousal. Destruction of the medial mammillary nucleus or the mammillotegmental tract produces impairments on a delayed alternation task and greatly increases activity in the open-field. Lesions of the mammillothalamic tract produce a differential effect in that the spatial alternation deficit is accompanied by a general lethargy and unresponsiveness. It is suggested that the mammillary system plays a crucial role in the short-term storage of proprioceptive information necessary for the successive execution of maze choices. It also appears to play a role in the arousal state of the animal."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Behavioral role of the mammillary efferent system.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Field",
"Rosenstock",
"King",
"Greene"
],
"ForeName": [
"T D",
"J",
"E C",
"E"
],
"Initials": [
"TD",
"J",
"EC",
"E"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"1R01MH26155"
],
"Agency": [
"NIMH NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
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}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [],
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}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
"MeshHeadingList": {
"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Arousal",
"Behavior, Animal",
"Female",
"Mammillary Bodies",
"Memory",
"Neurons, Efferent",
"Rats"
],
"QualifierName": [
"",
"physiology",
"physiology",
"",
"physiology",
"physiology",
"physiology",
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}
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{
"PMID": 122764,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1991,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 19
},
"NumberOfReferences": 0,
"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 19
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The effect of various pharmacologic agents on the noradrenergic innervation of rat cerebellum was observed. It was found that the neurotoxin 6-hydroxydopa (6-OHDOPA), when given to rats at birth, caused a 46% reduction at 5 weeks of age in tyrosine hydroxylase activity in the locus coeruleus, the nucleus of origin for noradrenergic fibers innervating the cerebellum. At the same time, however, both tyrosine hydroxylase activity and NE content were elevated by 50% in the cerebellum. By treating gravid mice with the 6-OHDOPA, which crosses the placental barrier to affect the brains of developing pups, a dissociation has been shown between the elevated cerebellar NE levels and reduced telencephalic NE content. None of the other assorted pharmacological agents--namely amphetamine, metaraminol, apomorphine, alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine. L-dihydroxyphenylalanine and tyramine--when given at birth, caused a permanent elevation in cerebellar NE content. This series of studies suggests that a reduced number of noradrenergic perikarya are providing a greater innervation of the cerebellum than in control rats. Also, alteration of the telencephalic noradrenergic fibers, which are also derived from the locus coeruleus, does not appear to be a necessary event for the initiation of sprouting of noradrenergic fibers in the cerebellum. Because none of the acute-acting pharmacological agents caused a permanent elevation of NE in the cerebellum, it appears that damage, and not mere stimulation or blockade, is a necessary event for initiation of sprouting."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Studies on the mechanism of sprouting of noradrenergic terminals in rat and mouse cerebellum after neonatal 6-hydroxydopa.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Kostrezewa",
"Klara",
"Robertson",
"Walker"
],
"ForeName": [
"R M",
"J W",
"J",
"L C"
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}
},
"Language": "eng",
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"NS-14797"
],
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"NINDS NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
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"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
]
}
},
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},
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"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"21373-30-8",
"63-84-3",
"X4W3ENH1CV"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"6-hydroxydopa",
"Dihydroxyphenylalanine",
"Norepinephrine"
]
}
},
"CitationSubset": "IM",
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"DescriptorName": [
"Animals",
"Animals, Newborn",
"Cerebellum",
"Dihydroxyphenylalanine",
"Female",
"Male",
"Mice",
"Nerve Endings",
"Norepinephrine",
"Rats",
"Rats, Inbred Strains"
],
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"",
"physiology",
"cytology",
"analogs & derivatives",
"",
"",
"",
"physiology",
"physiology",
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]
}
}
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]
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1978,
1978,
1978
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9,
9,
9
],
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1,
1,
1
]
}
},
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}
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{
"PMID": 127791,
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"Month": 2,
"Day": 9
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"Year": 2021,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 10
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Inverted membrane vesicles from strain 7, a wild type Escherichia coli K12 strain, actively transport calcium with energy supplied either by respiration or by ATP. These vesicles also have energy-linked quenching of quinacrine fluorescence. Membranes of strain 7, depleted of Mg2+ATPase by EDTA treatment, lack both activities. Membrane vesicles from strain NR70, a mutant lacking the Mg2+ATPase, show neither calcium transport nor energy-linked fluorescence quenching. Neither EDTA treatment nor genetic loss of the Mg2+atpase causes a reduction in respiration. Purified Mg2+ATPase from strain 7 can bind to EDTA-treated membrane vesicles from either strain 7 or NR70. This binding restored both calcium transport and fluorescence quenching, driven either by respiration or by ATP. Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide treatment mimics the effect of the Mg2+ATPase in the case of respiration-driven reactions. Treatment with EDTA, while not essential for the binding of the Mg2+ATPase to membrane vesicles of NR70, produced better restoration of both activities. The rate of restoration of fluorescence quenching showed a time lag which may indicate that binding of the Mg2+ATPase is a relatively slow process. Antiserum prepared against the Mg2+ATPase inhibited the quenching of quinacrine fluorescence when driven by ATP but not when driven by respiration. Addition of antiserum prior to addition of Mg2+ATPase prevented the restoration of fluorescence quenching, whether driven by respiration or ATP. These results clearly show that MG2+ATPase has an important role not only in catalyzing ATP synthesis and hydrolysis but also in maintaining the energized membrane state."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Energy transduction in Escherichia coli. The role of the Mg2+ATPase.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Tsuchiya",
"Rosen"
],
"ForeName": [
"T",
"B P"
],
"Initials": [
"T",
"BP"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"R37 GM055425"
],
"Agency": [
"NIGMS NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
"PublicationTypeList": {
"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
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}
},
"MedlineJournalInfo": {
"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
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"RegistryNumber": [
"538-75-0",
"EC 3.6.1.-",
"H0C805XYDE",
"I38ZP9992A",
"SY7Q814VUP"
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"Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide",
"Adenosine Triphosphatases",
"Quinacrine",
"Magnesium",
"Calcium"
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"MeshHeading": {
"DescriptorName": [
"Adenosine Triphosphatases",
"Biological Transport, Active",
"Calcium",
"Cell Membrane",
"Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide",
"Electron Transport",
"Energy Transfer",
"Enzyme Activation",
"Escherichia coli",
"Magnesium",
"Oxygen Consumption",
"Quinacrine",
"Spectrometry, Fluorescence"
],
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"metabolism",
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"drug effects",
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"pharmacology",
"drug effects",
"",
""
]
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"Year": [
1975,
1975,
1975
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11,
11,
11
],
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10,
10,
10
]
}
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"ReferenceList": {
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{
"PMID": 128026,
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"Year": 1976,
"Month": 2,
"Day": 9
},
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"Year": 2019,
"Month": 9,
"Day": 16
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The significance of central noradrenergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic neural systems for the locomotor stimulant effects of methylphenidate was investigated in the rat. In order to study the role of brain catecholamines, rats were pretreated with reserpine (2.5 mg/kg) followed 24 hrs later by treatment with alpha-methyltyrosine (25 mg/kg) or U-14,624 (75 mg/kg), a dopamine-beta-hydroxylase inhibitor. In these experiments, methylphenidate stimulated motor activity was antagonized by alpha-methyltyrosine and enhanced after treatment with U-14,624, suggesting that release of newly synthesized dopamine is important to a locomotor stimulant action of methylphenidate. Evidence implicating brain serotonin in the actions of methylphenidate was obtained in rats pretreated with pargyline or p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA). Administration of pargyline 1 hr prior to methylphenidate was found to reduce the locomotor activity induced by methylphenidate and this was antagonized by pretreatment with low doses of PCPA. Higher doses of PCPA caused a significant elevation of methylphenidate induced activity which could be reduced by 5-hydroxytryptophan. Destruction of serotonergic neurons with 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine also potentiated methylphenidate induced locomotion. These latter findings suggest that serotonergic fibers have an inhibitory function in brain. These results are discussed in relation to the possible mechanism by which methylphenidate may act in hyperkinesis."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Involvement of brain monoamines in the stimulant and paradoxical inhibitory effects of methylphenidate.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Breese",
"Cooper",
"Hollister"
],
"ForeName": [
"G R",
"B R",
"A S"
],
"Initials": [
"GR",
"BR",
"AS"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"P30 HD003110",
"P30 HD003110-39"
],
"Agency": [
"NICHD NIH HHS",
"NICHD NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
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"Journal Article",
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}
},
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},
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"0",
"0",
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"Serotonin",
"Reserpine",
"5-Hydroxytryptophan",
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"5-Hydroxytryptophan",
"Animals",
"Biogenic Amines",
"Brain",
"Dopamine",
"Dopamine beta-Hydroxylase",
"Fenclonine",
"Male",
"Methylphenidate",
"Methyltyrosines",
"Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors",
"Motor Activity",
"Norepinephrine",
"Rats",
"Reserpine",
"Serotonin",
"Serotonin Antagonists",
"Thiourea",
"Tryptamines"
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"pharmacology",
"",
"metabolism",
"drug effects",
"metabolism",
"antagonists & inhibitors",
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"antagonists & inhibitors",
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"pharmacology",
"drug effects",
"metabolism",
"",
"pharmacology",
"metabolism",
"",
"analogs & derivatives",
"pharmacology"
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1975,
1975,
1975
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10,
10,
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14,
14,
14
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{
"PMID": 132524,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1976,
"Month": 9,
"Day": 1
},
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"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2018,
"Month": 11,
"Day": 13
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Locomotor activity induced by d-amphetamine was found to be potentiated by food deprivation, a tryptophan-free diet, p-chlorophenylalanine and drugs proposed to antagonize serotonin receptors in brain. Administration of L-tryptophan 1 hour prior to d-amphetamine injection was found to antagonize the enhanced response to d-amphetamine in starved rats and in rats which had tryptophan removed from their diet. However, tryptophan did not block the potentiated response to d-amphetamine in animals pretreated with p-chlorophenylalanine. These findings suggested that the antagonism of d-amphetamine-induced activity by tryptophan in starved rats and rats fed a tryptophan-free diet was not due to a nonspecific depressant effect of the amino acid. Since accumulation of d-amphetamine and its metabolites was not affected by any of the treatments which enhanced its activity, it seems unlikely that an alteration in the metabolism of d-amphetamine can explain these findings. The present work provides additional support for the view that serotonergic fibers play an important role in the actions of d-amphetamine."
},
"ArticleTitle": "An inhibitory role for brain serotonin-containing systems in the locomotor effects of d-amphetamine.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Hollister",
"Breese",
"Kuhn",
"Cooper",
"Schanberg"
],
"ForeName": [
"A S",
"G R",
"C M",
"B R",
"S M"
],
"Initials": [
"AS",
"GR",
"CM",
"BR",
"SM"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"P30 HD003110",
"P30 HD003110-39",
"R01 MH013688-28"
],
"Agency": [
"NICHD NIH HHS",
"NICHD NIH HHS",
"NIMH NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
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"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.",
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}
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},
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"0",
"333DO1RDJY",
"54-16-0",
"8DUH1N11BX",
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"Serotonin",
"Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid",
"Tryptophan",
"Pargyline",
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"Fenclonine",
"Dextroamphetamine"
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}
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"Animals",
"Brain",
"Catecholamines",
"Dextroamphetamine",
"Diet",
"Fenclonine",
"Food Deprivation",
"Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid",
"Male",
"Motor Activity",
"Pargyline",
"Probenecid",
"Rats",
"Serotonin",
"Stimulation, Chemical",
"Tryptophan"
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"metabolism",
"metabolism",
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"pharmacology",
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"drug effects",
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"pharmacology",
"",
"physiology",
"",
"pharmacology"
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}
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"NIHMS215602"
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1976,
1976,
1976
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7,
7
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1,
1,
1
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}
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{
"PMID": 141117,
"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1977,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 18
},
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"DateRevised": {
"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 13
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "Using solid state radioimmunoassays developed by the first author, changes in the urine level of plasmin-like substances (PLS) and fibrin degradation products (FDP) before and after human kidney transplantation were determined in 49 transplant patients. Averages of urine PLS and FDP in a normal population of 51 persons were 0.13+/-0.10 (SD) and 0.14+/-0.07 microng/ml, respectively. In all transplant patients there was an initial rise of both PLS and FDP in urine immediately after transplantation. This elevation peaked on days 4 and 5 and the PLS and FDP levels returned to normal range within 2 weeks in patients without evidence of rejeciton. A secondary rise of urine PLS was detected before or with a rise in serum creatinine in all of the patients experiencing rejections. Of 11 patients who showed a rejection episode within 2 weeks of transplantation, the secondary rise of urine PLS was detectable in 55% of the patients slightly before the serum creatinine level changes; of 6 patients with a rejection episode more than 2 weeks after transplantation, 100% showed a secondary PLS rise 6.7+/-2.3 (SE) days before the serum creatinine increased. The appearance of the secondary rise of urine FDP in the rejecting recipients was slightly later than the rise of PLS. Serial determination of urine PLS levels following human kidney transplantation appears to be an early index of rejections which occurs more than 2 weeks after transplantation, although the clinical usefulness of this measurement is probably limited."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Urine plasmin-like substances as an index of kidney allograft rejections.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Fukao",
"Kashiwagi",
"Kajiwara",
"Ishikawa",
"Husberg",
"Weil",
"Starzl"
],
"ForeName": [
"K",
"N",
"T",
"M",
"B",
"R",
"T E"
],
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"K",
"N",
"T",
"M",
"B",
"R",
"TE"
],
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"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"M01 RR000051",
"M01 RR000069",
"R01 AM007772",
"R01 AM007772"
],
"Agency": [
"NCRR NIH HHS",
"NCRR NIH HHS",
"NIDDK NIH HHS",
"NIADDK NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States",
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
},
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"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
"Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S."
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}
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"Country": "United States"
},
"ChemicalList": {
"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"AYI8EX34EU",
"EC 3.4.21.7"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products",
"Creatinine",
"Fibrinolysin"
]
}
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"DescriptorName": [
"Creatinine",
"Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products",
"Fibrinolysin",
"Graft Rejection",
"Humans",
"Kidney Transplantation",
"Time Factors",
"Transplantation, Homologous"
],
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"blood",
"urine",
"urine",
"",
"",
"",
"",
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1977,
1977,
1977
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5,
5
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1,
1
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{
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"DateCompleted": {
"Year": 1979,
"Month": 5,
"Day": 26
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"Year": 2019,
"Month": 5,
"Day": 1
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"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The nucleotide sequence of mitochondrial DNA of a cytoplasmic \"petite\" mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is reported. The DNA has a repeat length of 1060 base pairs and contains a genetic marker (oli-1) for the ATPase proteolipid. The nucleotide sequence reveals the presence of part of the structural gene of the subunit-9 proteolipid of the ATPase complex and an extended A+T-rich region adjacent to the carboxyl-terminal end of the gene. The structural gene sequence agrees with the primary structure of the protein. These studies point out the feasibility of using the DNA of appropriately marked \"petite\" mutants to obtain the sequence of mitochondrial genes."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Assembly of the mitochondrial membrane system: partial sequence of a mitochondrial ATPase gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Macino",
"Tzagoloff"
],
"ForeName": [
"G",
"A"
],
"Initials": [
"G",
"A"
],
"CollectiveName": [
"",
""
]
}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"R01 HL022174"
],
"Agency": [
"NHLBI NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States"
]
}
},
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"PublicationType": [
"Journal Article",
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}
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},
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"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"EC 3.1.21.-",
"EC 3.6.1.-"
],
"NameOfSubstance": [
"DNA, Mitochondrial",
"Oligomycins",
"DNA Restriction Enzymes",
"Adenosine Triphosphatases"
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}
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"Base Sequence",
"Chromosome Mapping",
"DNA Restriction Enzymes",
"DNA, Mitochondrial",
"Drug Resistance, Microbial",
"Genes",
"Mitochondria",
"Oligomycins",
"Saccharomyces cerevisiae"
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"",
"",
"genetics",
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"",
"enzymology",
"pharmacology",
"genetics"
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1979
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"Year": 2019,
"Month": 7,
"Day": 5
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "We have studied the interaction of highly purified Int protein with DNA restriction fragments from the lambda phage attachment site (attP) region. Two different DNA sequences are protected by bound Int protein against partial digestion by either pancreatic DNAase or neocarzinostatin. One Int binding site includes the 15 bp common core sequence (the crossover region for site-specific recombination) plus several bases of sequence adjoining the core in both the P and P' arms. The second Int-protected site occurs 70 bp to the right of the common core in the P' arm, just at the distal end of the sequence encoding Int protein. The two Int binding sites are of comparable size, 30-35 bp, but do not share any extensive sequence homology. The interaction of Int with the two sites is distinctly different, as defined by the observation that only the site in the P' arm and not the site at the common core region is protected by Int in the face of challenge by the polyanion heparin. Restriction fragments containing DNA from the bacterial attachment site (attB) region exhibit a different pattern of interaction with Int. In the absence of heparin, a smaller (15 bp) sequence, which includes the left half of the common core region and the common core-B arm juncture, is protected against nuclease digestion by Int protein. No sequences from this region are protected by Int in the presence of heparin."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Interaction of int protein with specific sites on lambda att DNA.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Ross",
"Landy",
"Kikuchi",
"Nash"
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"W",
"A",
"Y",
"H"
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"A",
"Y",
"H"
],
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"",
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"",
""
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}
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"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
"Grant": {
"GrantID": [
"R01 GM033928",
"R01 GM062723"
],
"Agency": [
"NIGMS NIH HHS",
"NIGMS NIH HHS"
],
"Country": [
"United States",
"United States"
]
}
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}
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"Country": "United States"
},
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"Chemical": {
"RegistryNumber": [
"0",
"0",
"9014-02-2"
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"NameOfSubstance": [
"DNA, Viral",
"Viral Proteins",
"Zinostatin"
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}
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"Zinostatin"
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"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The primary IgM antibody response to sheep erythrocytes in vivo as well as in vitro is markedly decreased in the spleen cells of pregnant mice, compared to age-matched female controls. Decreased antibody synthesis appears to be mediated by nonspecific suppressor cells, because the addition of pregnant spleen cells to the normal spleen cell cultures causes a significant suppression of plaque-forming-cell responses of the normal spleen cells. Suppressor cell activity was not observed in lymph nodes of pregnant mice. At least two populations of pregnant spleen cells were shown to exert a suppressor cell activity; one is T lymphocytes and the other a nylon-adherent cell present in the B-cell-enriched macrophage-depleted fraction. Pregnant spleen cells cultured in vitro were shown to secrete a soluble suppressive factor(s) into the supernatant medium."
},
"ArticleTitle": "Immune responses during pregnancy. Evidence of suppressor cells for splenic antibody response.",
"AuthorList": {
"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Suzuki",
"Tomasi"
],
"ForeName": [
"K",
"T B"
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"TB"
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"",
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}
},
"Language": "eng",
"GrantList": {
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"GrantID": [
"R01 HD017013"
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"United States"
]
}
},
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"NameOfSubstance": [
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}
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"Month": 11,
"Day": 24
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"Month": 11,
"Day": 21
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"Article": {
"Abstract": {
"AbstractText": "The assimilation of iron, a growth-limiting metal ion of the cytotoxic marine cyanobacterium, Gomphosphaeria aponina, has been examined in both static and steady-state cultures using 59Fe (III). Uptake of iron by cells followed first-order kinetics, and biphasic (absorption and uptake) behavior was observed as suggested by noted differences between cultures incubated in the light and in the dark. Iron removal in illuminated cultures was rapid, occurring at rates comparable to exponential growth rates. Although uptake was mediated by a chelating agent (EDTA), synthesis and iron assisted transport by hydroxamate-type siderophores was not involved in the uptake of iron by cells, as determined by standard chemical and biological assays of iron deficient cultures. The ecological implications of this research is considered with respect to the cytotoxic antagonism between the cyanobacterium and Florida's red tide organism, Pytochodiscus brevis (Gymnodinium breve)."
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"ArticleTitle": "Uptake of iron by Gomphosphaeria aponina, a possible control organism for the Florida red tide Pytochodiscus brevis.",
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"Author": {
"LastName": [
"Eng-Wilmot",
"Martin"
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"United States"
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