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The 1991–92 season was Manchester City's third consecutive season in the top tier of English football, the Football League First Division. Season summary The 1991–92 season saw another solid campaign for Peter Reid's Manchester City side as they finished 5th in the top flight for a second season running. Kit City's kit was manufactured by English company Umbro and sponsored by Japanese electronics manufacturer Brother. Final league table Results summary Results Manchester City's score comes first Legend Football League First Division FA Cup League Cup Full Members' Cup Squad Transfers In Out Transfers in: £4,400,000 Transfers out: £2,430,000 Total spending: £1,970,000 References Manchester City F.C. seasons Manchester City

Tienerklanken (English: Teen Sounds) was a Belgian Dutch language pop music television programme. It was broadcast from 1963 to 1973, running on the Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroeporganisatie Belgian television network. It showcased European and American stars of the pop, rock and rhythm and blues genres, such as Jacques Brel, The Rolling Stones, Jimi Hendrix and Pink Floyd. The show also had segments dealing with controversial counterculture revolution topics, such as drugs and sex. Notes External links IMDB article Pop music television series Belgian music television shows 1963 Belgian television series debuts 1973 Belgian television series endings Dutch-language television shows Flemish television shows Eén original programming

Delphinium treleasei, commonly known as named glade larkspur or Trelease's larkspur, is a perennial flowering plant found it temperate areas of the eastern United States. It is native to Missouri and Arkansas where it is often situated in limestone glades but is not common in North America. It is endemic to Ozark highlands in eight southwestern Missouri counties and eight counties in northwestern Arkansas. D. treleasei is a vascular, seed plant, part of the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). The name Delphinium treleasei originates from the Greek "delphis" which means dolphin in reference to the flower shape of many buttercups and the specific epithet "treleasei" honors William Trelease who was director of the Missouri Botanical Garden from 1889 to 1912. Description Delphinium treleasei grows tall and has loose, terminal racemes of blue to blush-purple flowers. These bloom in spring, usually May to June. Flowers are long, comples, asymmetrical and have five sepals, one is spurred in to a prong that coined the common name, Larkspur. Inflorescences have 5-30 flowers. Deep green leaves are narrowly and deeply divided, pedate in shape, and mostly basal. All parts of this plant are poisonous if ingested. Habitat Delphinium treleasei natural habitat is open juniper glades on calcareous substrate. Conservation Delphinium treleasei is locally abundant but is endemic and limited by microhabitat in its distribution range. It is vulnerable to habitat destruction. There are no current actions for conservation and D. treleasei is unlisted. References treleasei Flora of Missouri Flora of Arkansas Plants described in 1900

Lak Lak or Laklak may refer to: Lak Lak, Hamadan, a village in Hamadan Province, western Iran Lak Lak Ashian, a village in Razavi Khorasan Province, northeastern Iran Lak Lag, or Lak Lak, a village in Razavi Khorasan Province, northeastern Iran Laklak (food), a Balinese traditional pancake Lak-lak, Armenian magazine Likak, or Lak Lak, a city in Boyer-Ahmad Province, southwestern Iran See also Lak (disambiguation)

The Darr Mine disaster at Van Meter, Rostraver Township, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, near Smithton, killed 239 men and boys on December 19, 1907. It ranks as the worst coal mining disaster in Pennsylvanian history. Many victims were of immigrants from central Europe, including Rusyns, Hungarians (including Slovaks from Gemer and Abov - then part of Austria-Hungary), Austrians, Germans, Poles and Italians. The mine was operated by the Pittsburgh Coal Company. It was located on the west side of the Youghiogheny River and along the route of the Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad. Most of the miners and other mine laborers lived in the nearby community of Jacobs Creek and took a "sky ferry" (aerial tramway) across the Youghiogheny River to the mine entrance. Others lived in nearby Van Meter. An inquiry carried out after the disaster determined that the blast was the result of miners carrying open lamps in an area cordoned off the previous day by the fire boss. The mine’s owner, the Pittsburgh Coal Company was not held responsible, but did abandon the use of open lamps after the disaster. The Darr Mine blast was the third major mine disaster in December 1907 (which would become the deadliest mine fatality month in US history); it followed Yolande mine in Alabama explosion on December 16, the Monongah Mining disaster in West Virginia on December 6 that killed 362 miners and the Naomi Mine explosion on December 1 that killed thirty-four people in Fayette City, Pennsylvania. References External links Darr Mine Disaster, December 19, 1907, Jacobs Creek / Van Meter, Rostraver Twp., Westmoreland Co., PA Welcome OnQ OnDemand: Darr Mine Disaster CentennialJacobs Creek 1907 mining disasters Coal mining disasters in Pennsylvania Underground mines in the United States History of Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania 1907 in Pennsylvania 1907 disasters in the United States December 1907 events Disasters in Pennsylvania

The 2018 NFL Draft was the 83rd annual meeting of National Football League (NFL) franchises to select newly eligible players for the 2018 NFL season. The draft was held on April 26–28 at AT&T Stadium in Arlington, Texas; it was the first draft to take place in an NFL stadium and the first to be held in Texas. In order to be eligible to enter the draft, players must be at least three years removed from high school. The deadline for underclassmen to declare for the draft was January 15, 2018. Five quarterbacks were selected in the first round — Baker Mayfield, Sam Darnold, Josh Allen, Josh Rosen, and Lamar Jackson — the second highest number of first-round quarterback selections (along with the 1999 and 2021 drafts) after the six selected in 1983. As of 2023, only Allen and Jackson have remained with their original teams. The draft was also the first to have siblings — safety Terrell Edmunds and linebacker Tremaine Edmunds — selected in its first round. The 2018 NFL Draft was the first of two professional sports drafts to be held in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex during the calendar year, as the Dallas Stars hosted the 2018 NHL Entry Draft in June. Early entrants In order to be eligible to enter the draft, players must be at least three years removed from high school. The deadline for underclassmen to declare for the draft was January 15, 2018. The following is the breakdown of the 256 players selected by position: 39 Linebackers 33 Wide receivers 29 Cornerbacks 23 Defensive ends 20 Running backs 20 Defensive tackles 21 Offensive tackles 18 Safeties 14 Tight ends 13 Quarterbacks 9 Offensive guards 8 Centers 4 Punters 2 Placekickers 2 Fullbacks 1 Long snapper Player selections Notable undrafted players Supplemental draft A supplemental draft was held on July 11, 2018. For each player selected in the supplemental draft, the team forfeits its pick in that round in the draft of the following season. Trades In the explanations below, (PD) indicates trades completed prior to the start of the draft (i.e. Pre-Draft), while (D) denotes trades that took place during the 2018 draft. Round one Round two Round three Round four Round five Round six Round seven Media coverage Coverage of the draft was broadcast by ESPN and NFL Network, with Fox also simulcasting NFL Network's coverage of the first two rounds of broadcast television (serving as a prelude for Fox's acquisition of Thursday Night Football for the 2018 season). ESPN aired coverage of the last four rounds on ABC. College GameDay broadcast a special edition from outside AT&T Stadium as a pre-show on ESPN, and its panel hosted a secondary broadcast of the first round on ESPN2. ESPN Deportes broadcast coverage in Spanish. Telecasts of the first round across all three broadcasters (which included the expansion of coverage to broadcast television) drew a combined Nielsen overnight household rating of 8.4, and total viewership of 11.214 million, making it the most-watched opening round since 2014. ESPN drew the largest single audience, with 5.336 million viewers, while Fox and NFL Network had a combined viewership of 5.74 million across both channels (3.776 and 2.005 million individually). Summary Selections by college athletic conference Schools with multiple draft selections Selections by position Notes References Trade references General references National Football League Draft NFL Draft Draft 21st century in Arlington, Texas National Football League in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex NFL Draft Events in Arlington, Texas Sports in Arlington, Texas

Cloudia Swann is an English stage, film and television actress. Life and career Swann was born in Leicestershire, and spent her early years living in Stratford-upon-Avon where she attended Bromsgrove School until the age of 13. Swann later attended Cheltenham College for her A-Levels before a 3-year Acting Diploma at the Oxford School of Drama, graduating in 2005 when she landed her first screen leading role opposite Jesper Christanson as Alice in an Independent Feature Shaking Dreamland. In 2006, she landed a 3 part series, Dream Team 80s for Sky TV before playing a semi-regular role for BBC Scotland's River City. In 2007, Swann landed leading role Sophie in Shine Productions Dis/connected directed by Tom Harper, as part of the BBC 3 pilot season. Swann played Mark Addy's daughter for ITV's Bike Squad. Swann had a small role in an episode of Demons which screened in February 2009, and also appeared in independent film, Shoot on Sight directed by Jag Mundhra starring Brian Cox and Greta Scacchi about the 7/11 bombings in London. In 2010, she was cast in the award-winning The Great Game: Afghanistan at the Tricycle Theatre, a British series of short plays on the history of Afghanistan and foreign intervention there, from the First Anglo-Afghan War to the present day, directed by Nicolas Kent and Indhu Rubasingham. Swann played six different characters from a young Afghan girl in Black Tulips to Simon Stephens' Canopy of Stars as a wife confronting her sergeant husband about returning to war. The success of the US tour resulted in a return to Washington D.C. in early 2011 for two exclusive performances at the Pentagon. Prior to this, Swann guested in many TV shows. She appeared in the Multi Million Rowntrees Randoms Campaign playing a random primary school teacher which was aired across the UK. Other company commercials in which Swann has appeared include telecommunications company Orange, Vageta and the Co-op. She starred in a stage production of Of Mice and Men at the Dukes Theatre in Lancaster. In September 2011, she completed filming Real Playing Game, a thriller. Selected filmography Films Television Theatre Other work References 1. http://www.eveningtimes.co.uk/designer-babe-set-to-shake-up-shieldinch-1.972933 River City – The Evening Times Profile on Cloudia Swann 2. http://www.denofgeek.com/television/249802/lily_allen_eyes_doctor_who_role.html Doctor Who 3. https://web.archive.org/web/20120402073753/http://www.eaglefilms.co.uk/Shaking%20Dream%20Land/press/cloudia_swann.html Shaking Dreamland Film Press Page 4. http://www.thestage.co.uk/reviews/review.php/25682/of-mice-and-men Of Mice and Men – The Stage Review 5. https://web.archive.org/web/20111002204513/http://www.berkeleyrep.org/press/photos-10gg.asp The Great Game – Berkley Rep 6. http://outwestarts.blogspot.com/2010/12/my-ten-and-only-best-of-theater-10.html The Great Game – 10 of the best Review 7. http://www.variety.com/review/VE1117943942?refCatId=33 The Great Game Variety Review 8. http://outwestarts.blogspot.com/2010/10/like-poppies.html The Great Game Review 9. http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00v4m2g BBC radio 3 Canopy of Stars 10. http://www.britishtheatreguide.info/reviews/greatgame10-rev.htm The Great Game (review) 11. http://www.britishtheatreguide.info/reviews/greatgame10-rev.htm The Great Game(review) 12. http://www.theatreindc.com/playdetail.php?playID=174 The Great Game (Washington DC) 13. http://www.washingtonian.com/blogarticles/artsfun/afterhours/16812.html (Washington The Great Game Review) 14. http://theater.nytimes.com/show/25491/The-Great-Game-Afghanistan-/overview (New York Times – Overview of cast) 15. http://dctheatrescene.com/2010/09/21/the-great-game-afghanistan-part-2/ The Great Game Review 16. https://web.archive.org/web/20120514111357/http://www.stagevoices.com/stage_voices/2010/12/the-great-game-afghanistan-in-new-york-review.html (New York performance standout) 17. http://www.zimbio.com/Afghanistan/articles/eyZdZh3VS8Z/Olivier+Nominated+Great+Game+Afghanistan+Arrives http://www.abouttheartists.com/productions/30957 (Minneapolis Programme – The Great Game) External links 1. https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2014175/ (Cloudia Swann IMDB Page). 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BPRwHxXbCZc (Cloudia Swann as a teacher in Rowntree's Randoms Advert). Year of birth missing (living people) Living people People from Oadby English television actresses English stage actresses People educated at Bromsgrove School Actresses from Leicestershire People educated at Cheltenham College Alumni of the Oxford School of Drama People from Stratford-upon-Avon

Gaznahleh (, also Romanized as Gaz Nahleh; also known as Ganzaleh and Gaznahād) is a village in Sarab Rural District, in the Central District of Sonqor County, Kermanshah Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 638, in 175 families. References Populated places in Sonqor County

The Soo Line L-1 class was a class of ten 2-8-2 (Mikado) steam locomotives built by the American Locomotive Company in 1913 for the Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie Railway (“Soo Line”). Background Having acquired America's first Mikado (2-8-2) type when it merged the Bismarck, Great Falls and Washburn Railway in 1904, it was eight years before the Soo Line ordered a 2-8-2 of its own. Ten locomotives were ordered from the American Locomotive Company, and built by their Schenectady, New York plant in 1913. Service The L-1 class were used for powering time freights system wide on both the Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie, and Wisconsin Central. They were assisted in that role by the 1920 arrival of the 25 L-2 and L-20 class Mikados in 1920, but were bumped into lesser roles with the arrival of the 21 N-20 class 4-8-2 Mountains in 1926–1930. The 1938 delivery of four O-20 class 4-8-4 Northern made little difference to the L-1 class since the former were restricted to the Chicago–Twin Cities route. They were a long-lived class, with only one, the 1004, being retired prior to May 1953. By December 1954, however, the Soo Line was effectively dieselized. One locomotive, the 1003, was placed in the strategic reserve, and stored serviceable in the Gladstone, Michigan roundhouse. The other eight remaining L-1s were sold for scrap. The reserve was never called into action, and the 1003 was donated to the City of Superior, Wisconsin, in December 1959. It was later restored to steam in 1996. No. 1003 has run steam excursions in Duluth, Minnesota, on The Osceola and St. Croix Valley Railroad with cousin Soo Line 2719 and Northern Pacific 328 in 1998, the Wisconsin Central before merging with the Canadian National in 2001, also making an excursions in the early 2000s on the Wisconsin Southern Railroad. On August 11 to 13th, 2017, No. 1003 made a rare, first-time trek to Chicago, Illinois, via the Canadian National, Wisconsin Southern, Metra, and Canadian Pacific lines, making a special appearance at Galewood Metra station to benefit the Shriners Hospital for Children. References L-01 2-8-2 locomotives ALCO locomotives Railway locomotives introduced in 1913 Steam locomotives of the United States Freight locomotives Standard gauge locomotives of the United States

Assiminea glaubrechti is a species of minute operculate snail, a marine gastropod mollusc or micromollusc in the family Assimineidae. Description Distribution References External links Assimineidae Gastropods described in 2008

Monzavous "Rae" Edwards (born May 7, 1981) is an American sprint athlete who specialises in the 100 meters. Edwards began his career as a junior athlete in 2000, winning the USA Junior and Junior College (JUCO) championships in the 100 and 200 meters races. He competed at the 2000 World Junior Championships in Athletics and reached the semifinals of the 100 m and quarterfinals of the 200 m. He reached the final of the USA Outdoor Championships in Track and Field in 2003, setting a personal record of 10.09 seconds. He competed at the US Olympic trials for the 2004 Athens Olympics, but did not progress beyond the quarterfinals. He received a public warning that year from the United States Anti-Doping Agency after he tested positive for tetrahydrocannabinol, a compound found in marijuana, which is regarded as a minor infraction. At the 2005 US Outdoor Championships, he posted a personal record tying 10.09 s before finishing sixth in the 100 m final. As a result, he was selected as an alternate for the United States relay team at the 2005 World Championships in Athletics, but he did not compete. At the end of the 2005 season, he ran a new personal best of 10.08 seconds in Malmö, Sweden. The 2006 and 2007 seasons were largely uneventful, although he was part of the bronze-medal winning relay team at the 2007 Pan American Games. Edwards returned in 2008 to compete at the US Olympic trials for the Beijing Games. He finished tenth in the semifinals but recorded a new best of 10.06 seconds in the qualifying rounds. At the start of the following outdoor season, he significantly improved his 200 m best from 20.46 to 20.17 seconds at the Grande Premio Brasil Caixa de Atletismo. The following month, he improved his 100 m record to 10.02 seconds at the Fanny Blankers-Koen Games in Hengelo, finishing second behind Churandy Martina. Edwards finished third in the national championships with a wind-aided run of 10.00 seconds, gaining qualification into his first ever major senior championships, the 2009 World Championships in Athletics, along with Mike Rodgers and Darvis Patton. Personal bests All information taken from IAAF profile. See also List of doping cases in athletics References External links Yahoo season profile 1981 births Living people People from Opelika, Alabama Nigerian male sprinters American male sprinters African-American male track and field athletes Pan American Games track and field athletes for the United States Pan American Games bronze medalists for the United States Athletes (track and field) at the 2007 Pan American Games Athletes (track and field) at the 2011 Pan American Games Commonwealth Games competitors for Nigeria Athletes (track and field) at the 2014 Commonwealth Games Junior college men's track and field athletes in the United States Doping cases in athletics American sportspeople in doping cases Athletes (track and field) at the 2016 Summer Olympics Olympic athletes for Nigeria Pan American Games medalists in athletics (track and field) World Athletics Championships athletes for the United States Medalists at the 2011 Pan American Games 21st-century African-American sportspeople 20th-century African-American people

A constitutional referendum was held in Tajikistan on 26 September 1999. The changes included legalising religious political parties, introducing a bicameral parliament, and lengthening the president's term from five to seven years. They were approved by 75% of voters, with a turnout of 93%. Results References Referendums in Tajikistan Tajikistan Constitutional Constitutional referendums

Michael Dean Rucker (born February 28, 1975) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end for nine seasons with the Carolina Panthers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Nebraska Cornhuskers, and was selected by the Panthers in the second round of the 1999 NFL Draft. Early years Rucker played both sides of the ball in high school including catching 15 passes for 300 yards as a tight end. He was the team's leading tackler with 168 stops, including 58 solos, leading Benton to a 28-8 three-year record. Rucker placed fourth in the state in the shot put as a junior and was the state champion in 1994, with a throw of 54–2. He went unbeaten in 10 meets during his senior season. Rucker lettered 10 times in high school, including three each in football and basketball and four in track. He was a two-time all-state lineman, and made the All-America team his senior year. In addition, he also lettered in track & field four years, and was a state champion shot putter. He also earned three letters on the Benton High School basketball team. College career Rucker attended the University of Nebraska, where he played for the Nebraska Cornhuskers football team. He redshirted as a true freshman, and then collected his first sack the following season. He was a member of the national champion Cornhuskers team in 1995 and 1997. As a senior in 1998, he made second-team All-Big 12, despite missing much of the season because of injury. He finished his college days as Nebraska's fourth all-time tackler behind the line of scrimmage, with 40 stops. Collegiate statistics Notes - Statistics include bowl game performances. Professional career Rucker was drafted by Carolina in the second round (38th overall) of the 1999 NFL Draft. He collected three sacks his rookie year, playing in all 16 games. His first sack came against Cincinnati Bengals quarterback Jeff Blake. He registered 2.5 sacks in his second season, and became a starter for the 2001 NFL season. He ended the season leading the team with 9 sacks. He was the NFL Defensive Player of the Month for September 2003, when he had 5 sacks, 21 tackles, 13 hurries and one batted pass during the first four games of the 2003 NFL season. He and fellow defensive end Julius Peppers were the only duo to register 10 sacks each. The following year, Rucker again won Defensive Player of the Month for September, becoming only the 11th player in history to win POTM honors for the same month in two consecutive years; former Panther Sam Mills won POTM in November 1995 and 1996. Rucker finished the season with 12 sacks, and earned his first berth in the Pro Bowl. On December 17, 2006, in a game against the Pittsburgh Steelers, Rucker suffered an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear in his left knee, causing him to miss the remainder of the 2006 season. He returned for his final season in 2007, before announcing his retirement from the game on April 22, 2008. NFL statistics Other activities Rucker, along with former teammates Mike Minter, Stephen Davis, and Muhsin Muhammad, are co-founders of Ruckus House, a child development and learning facility. One of Rucker's long-term goals for Ruckus House is to get one in every city which has an NFL team. In 2005 Mike founded Vision Group Realty, a full service real estate brokerage firm, providing brokerage services to both buyers and sellers of residential and commercial real estate. The firm headquarters is located in Charlotte, NC, and services relocating clients locally, nationally and globally. In the 2008 offseason, he traveled to Afghanistan to visit with troops along with Luis Castillo, Tommie Harris, and Sports Illustrated writer Peter King. Rucker made a video documentary of his experiences for NFL Network, stating that if he was not a pro football athlete, he could easily envision himself in the military. Mike Rucker is a commentator on preseason games for the Carolina Panthers on the Panthers Television Network. Family Rucker's younger brother, Martin was drafted by the Cleveland Browns in 2008 NFL Draft, 111th overall. References External links Carolina Panthers team bio Ruckus House website 1975 births Living people Sportspeople from St. Joseph, Missouri African-American players of American football American football defensive ends Nebraska Cornhuskers football players Carolina Panthers players National Conference Pro Bowl players 21st-century African-American sportspeople 20th-century African-American sportspeople

Sir Edmund Bacon, 4th Baronet (6 April 1672 – 10 July 1721) was an English politician. He was the oldest son of Sir Henry Bacon, 3rd Baronet and his wife Sarah Castleton, daughter of Sir John Castleton, 2nd Baronet. In 1686, he succeeded his father as baronet. He studied at St John's College, Cambridge. Between 1700 and 1708, Bacon represented Orford and sat as Member of Parliament (MP) in both the Parliaments of England and Great Britain. On 25 December 1688, he married Philippa Bacon, daughter of his cousin Sir Edmund Bacon, 4th Baronet, of Redgrave at Redgrave, Suffolk. Philippa died in 1710 and Bacon married again Mary Castell, daughter of John Castell at Raveningham on 16 April 1713. He had five sons and two daughters by his first wife and two sons and two daughters by his second wife. A week after his death, Bacon was buried at Gillingham, Norfolk. He was succeeded in the baronetcy successively by his three sons Edmund, Henry and Richard. References 1672 births 1721 deaths Edmund Baronets in the Baronetage of England British MPs 1707–1708 Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies English MPs 1698–1700 English MPs 1701 English MPs 1701–1702 English MPs 1702–1705 English MPs 1705–1707 People from South Norfolk (district)

April 4 – Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar – April 6 All fixed commemorations below are observed on April 18 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar. For April 4th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on March 23. Saints Martyrs Claudius, Diodorus, Victor, Victorinus, Pappias, Serapion and Nicephorus, at Corinth (251 or 258) Martyrs Theodulus, Reader, and Agathopodes, Deacon, and those with them, at Thessaloniki (c. 303) (see also: April 4 - Greek) Martyrs Zenon, by fire, Maximus, Terentius and Pompeius, by the sword (250) (see also: October 28, March 13, April 10) Martyr Thermos (Fermus, Firmus), by fire. The Holy Noble Lady (sister of martyr Thermos/Fermus), and her Servant, martyrs, by the sword. Holy Five Young Virgin-Martyrs of Lesbos, by the sword. Virgin-martyr Theodora and Martyr Didymus the Soldier, of Alexandria (304) (see also: May 27) Venerable Martyr Ypomoni (Hypomoni, Evpomoni). Venerable Publius of Egypt, monk (4th century) (see also: April 4 - Greek) Saints Theonas, Symeon, and Phorbinus, of Egypt (4th century) (see also: April 4 - Greek) Venerable Mark the Anchorite of Athens (ca. 400) Venerable Plato the Confessor, Abbot of the Studion (813) (see also: April 4 - Greek) Venerable Theodora of Thessaloniki (886) Pre-Schism Western saints Holy Martyrs of North-West Africa, a large group martyred at the Easter liturgy by Genseric, the Arian King of the Vandals (459) Saint Bécán (Began), one of the 'Twelve Apostles of Ireland' (6th century) Venerable Derfel-Gadarn, a soldier and afterwards a hermit in Llanderfel in Gwynedd in Wales (6th century) (see also: April 6 - Greek) Saint Æthelburh of Kent (c. 647) Post-Schism Orthodox saints Saint Argyre the Neomartyr of Prussa (1721) New Martyr George of New Ephesus (1801) New Martyr Panagiotes of Jerusalem (1820) New martyrs and confessors New Hieromartyr Alexis Krotenkov, Priest (1930) New Hieromartyr Nicholas Simo, Archpriest, of Kronstadt (1931) Other commemorations Translation of the relics (1652) of St. Job, Patriarch of Moscow (1607) Martyrdom of the Optina monastics (Optina martyrs) on Pascha (1993): Hieromonk Vasily (Roslyakov); with Riassaphore-monks Therapontus (Pushkarev), and Trophimus (Tatarinov). Repose of Righteous Symeon Klimych (1837) Repose of Elder Philemon of Valaam and Jordanville (1953) Icon gallery Notes References Sources April 5 / April 18. Orthodox Calendar (pravoslavie.ru). April 18 / April 5. Holy Trinity Russian Orthodox Church (A parish of the Patriarchate of Moscow). April 5. OCA - The Lives of the Saints. The Autonomous Orthodox Metropolia of Western Europe and the Americas. St. Hilarion Calendar of Saints for the year of our Lord 2004. St. Hilarion Press (Austin, TX). p. 26. April 5. Latin Saints of the Orthodox Patriarchate of Rome. The Roman Martyrology. Transl. by the Archbishop of Baltimore. Last Edition, According to the Copy Printed at Rome in 1914. Revised Edition, with the Imprimatur of His Eminence Cardinal Gibbons. Baltimore: John Murphy Company, 1916. pp. 96–97. Rev. Richard Stanton. A Menology of England and Wales, or, Brief Memorials of the Ancient British and English Saints Arranged According to the Calendar, Together with the Martyrs of the 16th and 17th Centuries. London: Burns & Oates, 1892. pp. 144–145. Greek Sources Great Synaxaristes: 5 Απριλίου. Μεγασ Συναξαριστησ. Συναξαριστής. 5 Απριλίου. ecclesia.gr. (H Εκκλησια Τησ Ελλαδοσ). Russian Sources 18 апреля (5 апреля). Православная Энциклопедия под редакцией Патриарха Московского и всея Руси Кирилла (электронная версия). (Orthodox Encyclopedia - Pravenc.ru). 18 апреля 2013 (нов. ст.) . Русская Православная Церковь Отдел внешних церковных связей. April in the Eastern Orthodox calendar

Health care fraud includes "snake oil" marketing, health insurance fraud, drug fraud, and medical fraud. Health insurance fraud occurs when a company or an individual defrauds an insurer or government health care program, such as Medicare (United States) or equivalent State programs. The manner in which this is done varies, and persons engaging in fraud are always seeking new ways to circumvent the law. Damages from fraud can be recovered by use of the False Claims Act, most commonly under the qui tam provisions which rewards an individual for being a "whistleblower", or relator (law). Recent news and statistics The FBI estimates that Health Care Fraud costs American tax payers $80 billion a year. Of this amount $2.5 billion was recovered through False Claims Act cases in FY 2010. Most of these cases were filed under qui tam provisions. Over the course of FY 2010, whistleblowers were paid a total of $307,620,401.00 for their part in bringing the cases forward. Federal Statute Under federal law, health care fraud in the United States is defined, and made illegal, primarily by the health care fraud statute in states (a)Whoever knowingly executes, or attempts to execute, a scheme or artifice— (1) to defraud a financial institution; or (2) to obtain, by means of false or fraudulent pretenses, representations, or promises, any of the money or property owned by, or under the custody or control of, any health care benefit program, in connection with the delivery of or payment for health care benefits, items, or services, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 10 years, or both. If the violation results in serious bodily injury (as defined in section 1365 of this title), such person shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both; and if the violation results in death, such person shall be fined under this title, or imprisoned for any term of years or for life, or both.(b)With respect to violations of this section, a person need not have actual knowledge of this section or specific intent to commit a violation of this section. Types There are several different schemes used to defraud the Health care system. Billing for services not rendered Upcoding of services Upcoding of items Duplicate claims Unbundling Excessive services Unnecessary services Kickbacks Copied and pasted entries into the medical record Billing for services not rendered Often done as a way of billing Medicare for things that never happened. This can involve forging the signature of those enrolled in Medicare, and the use of bribes or "kickbacks" to corrupt medical professionals. Upcoding of services Billing Medicare programs for services that are more costly than the actual procedure that was done. Upcoding of items Similar to upcoding of services, but involving the use of medical equipment. An example is billing Medicare for a power-assisted wheelchair while only giving the patient a manual wheelchair. Duplicate claims In this case a provider does not submit exactly the same bill, but changes some small portion like the date in order to charge Medicare twice for the same service rendered. Rather than a single claim being filed twice, the same service is billed two times in an attempt to be paid twice. Unbundling Bills for a particular service are submitted in piecemeal, that appear to be staggered out over time. These services would normally cost less when bundled together, but by manipulating the claim, a higher charge is billed to Medicare resulting in a higher pay out to the party committing the fraud. Excessive services Occurs when Medicare is billed for something greater than what the level of actual care requires. This can include medical related equipment as well as services. Unnecessary services Unlike excessive services, this fraudulent scheme occurs when claims are filed for care that in no way applies to the condition of a patient, such as an echo cardiogram billed for a patient with a sprained ankle. Kickbacks Kickbacks are rewards such as cash, jewelry, free vacations, corporate sponsored retreats, or other lavish gifts used to entice medical professionals into using specific medical services. This could be a small cash kickback for the use of an MRI when not required, or a lavish doctor/patient retreat that is funded by a pharmaceutical company to entice the prescription and use of a particular drug. Other forms of payment that could be illegal kickbacks include paid speaking positions at events, consulting contracts, and research grants. People engaging in this type of fraud are also subject to the federal Anti-Kickback statute. Examples In the case United States ex rel. Donigian v. St. Jude Medical, Inc., No. 06-CA-11166-DPW (D. Mass.) St. Jude Medical, Inc. agreed to pay $16 million to quiet allegations of paying kickbacks to physicians. The whistleblower was able to provide detailed insider information as to the nature of the kickbacks, which ranged from entertainment to sporting event tickets and other gifts. The relator in this case was awarded $2.64 million. The case United States et al., ex rel. Jim Conrad and Constance Conrad v. Forest Pharmaceuticals, Inc, et al., No. 02-cv-11738-NG (D. Mass.) involved a drug manufacturer selling a drug, Levothroid, that had never been approved by the FDA. These allegations settled for $42.5 million due to multiple whistleblowers stepping forward to provide detailed information on the alleged fraud. The collective reward to the relators in this case was over $14.6 million. Copied and pasted entries into the Electronic Medical Record may constitute fraud. A U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Veterans Health Administration pulmonologist at the Montgomery, Alabama facility copied and pasted data entered by other physicians into electronic medical records that he signed. The VA Office of the Medical Inspector reported this finding to Congress in 2013. In the UAE, some doctors and hospital managers have done a lot of fraud. They conduct unnecessary surgeries so that they can make extra money. In the case United States ex rel. Brown v. Celgene Corp., CV10-3165, drug company Celgene agreed to pay $280 million on the eve of trial. The settlement resolved allegations that the company marketed and sold cancer drugs Thalomid and Revlimid for non-FDA approved uses. In the case US v. Javaid Perwaiz, former OBGYN Perwaiz, a gynecologist from Pakistan and in Virginia, performed unnecessary surgeries on women. He was charged with 26 counts of health care fraud, 33 counts of false statements related to health care matters, 3 counts of aggravated identity theft, and 1 count of criminal forfeiture-health care fraud. He faced a maximum of 539 years (6,648 months) if convicted of all counts. The jury found him guilty of 23 counts of health care fraud and 30 counts of false statements related to health care matters. He faced 475 years. That would give him 10 years for 13 health care fraud counts and 20 years for 10 others because those 10 others resulted in serious bodily injury, and 5 years for false statements related to healthcare matters. When prosecutors asked for 50 years, they returned with 9 more. According to Federal Bureau of Prisons, Perwaiz is currently incarcerated at FCI Cumberland Camp and his release date is February 16, 2070. Reporting fraud There are many ways to report cases of fraud. If a patient or health care provider believes they have witnessed Health Care Fraud, they are encouraged to contact the FBI via either their local office, telephone, or the online tips form. If, however, they want to ensure the government actively investigates the alleged fraud, they are encouraged to contact legal counsel from an experienced firm that specializes in qui tam litigation under the False Claims Act. A good legal team can advise potential whistleblowers of their rights, protections, and what evidence is necessary to solidify a case against the group leading the fraud. See also Healthcare fraud Medicare fraud References External links Masterminds Behind Pharmaceutical Fraud Deserve Prison Time Health Care Fraud and Abuse Control Program Report, US Dept of Health and Human Services Fraud Healthcare in the United States Medical crime

Richard Parry (1560–1623) was a Bishop of St Asaph and translator of the Bible to the Welsh language. Parry was born in 1560, the son of John ap Harri, from Pwllhalog, Cwm, Flintshire, and Ruthin, and his wife, Elen ferch Dafydd ap John, a lady from Llanfair Dyffryn Clwyd, near Ruthin, North Wales. He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford. He was ordained a deacon in 1584, and in May was instituted to a comportion of the tithes of Llanelidan and the endowment of Ruthin Free School where he became headmaster. His brother-in-law was the lexicologist, John Davies, who assisted him with the revision of the Welsh Bible and Book of Common Prayer References The Royal Tribes of Wales - which is out of copyright. Alumni of Christ Church, Oxford 1560 births 1623 deaths Bishops of St Asaph Translators of the Bible into Welsh 17th-century Welsh Anglican bishops 16th-century translators 17th-century translators Welsh-language writers Anglican biblical scholars British biblical scholars 16th-century Anglican theologians 17th-century Anglican theologians

The Unknown Dancer (French: Le danseur inconnu) is a 1929 French silent film directed by René Barberis and starring Véra Flory, André Nicolle and André Roanne. Cast Véra Flory as Louise André Nicolle as Balthazar André Roanne as Henri Calvel Janet Young as Bertha Maryanne as Mme. Edmond Paul Ollivier as Gonthier Georges Herric as Herbert Labusquière as Gonzales Jean Godard as Thiraudel Charles Frank as Berthier Albert Broquin as Remy Major Heitner as Vieux Monsieur References Bibliography Philippe Rège. Encyclopedia of French Film Directors, Volume 1. Scarecrow Press, 2009. External links 1929 films French silent feature films 1920s French-language films Films directed by René Barberis French black-and-white films 1920s French films

The Pasha's Daughter is a 1911 American silent short drama produced by the Thanhouser Company. The film based on a true story. The film focuses on an American named Jack who is traveling in Turkey. He befriends an aged Turk and is arrested as a conspirator against the government. His first attempt to flee the jail failed, but the second succeeds. Jack flees into the courtyard of the Pasha and is hidden from the guards by the Pasha's daughter. Disguised as a woman, Jack makes his escape with her aid, but she refuses his offer to flee with him. A year later, the Pasha's daughter is ushered in and announces that she wants to be his bride. The only known cast credits are for William Garwood and William Russell and the production credits are unknown. The film was released on January 3, 1911, and was met with positive reviews. The film survives in The Museum of Modern Art and it has been released on DVD as part of the Thanhouser Collection. Plot The film begins with Jack Sparks, a young American, who is traveling in Turkey. He befriends an aged Turk during a carriage ride and the Turk invites Jack into his home. The man smokes from a hookah and several of other men arrive and speak with the Turk whilst Jack wanders about the house. Soon afterwards, the men are all arrested for conspiracy against the government and Jack is imprisoned as one of the conspirators. In jail, Jack tries to make his escape and throws the guard to the ground, no sooner has he left the cell is he forced back by two more guards. He struggles in vain, but is once again locked in his cell. Jack gets an idea to escape when he sees the bed sheet and the cell window. Using his pocket knife, he digs out the bar of the cell window and drops to freedom. He struggles and overpowers a guard before climbing over the wall and into the courtyard of the Pasha's palace. The Pasha'a daughter, Murana, finds him hiding and orders her servant to assist in Jack's escape. Guards appear and announce that they are looking for the escaped prisoner, but they are turned away. Dressed up as a woman, Jack tries to have Murana flee with him. She says that she cannot marry him now, but she may come to his country one day. Jack trades a flower for his business card and departs. A year later, Jack and his mother have a visitor ushered and they stand in confusion at the beautiful young woman. Jack does not recognize her until she covers her face with her veil and she announces her intention to be his bride. Cast William Garwood as Jack Sparks William Russell Production The writer of the scenario is unknown, but it was most likely Lloyd Lonergan. He was an experienced newspaperman employed by The New York Evening World while writing scripts for the Thanhouser productions. The film director is unknown, but it may have been Barry O'Neil or Lucius J. Henderson. Cameramen employed by the company during this era included Blair Smith, Carl Louis Gregory, and Alfred H. Moses, Jr. though none are specifically credited. The role of the cameraman was uncredited in 1910 productions. The other cast credits are unknown, but many Thanhouser productions are fragmentary. In late 1910, the Thanhouser company released a list of the important personalities in their films. The list includes G.W. Abbe, Justus D. Barnes, Frank H. Crane, Irene Crane, Marie Eline, Violet Heming, Martin J. Faust, Thomas Fortune, George Middleton, Grace Moore, John W. Noble, Anna Rosemond, Mrs. George Walters. Release and reception The single reel drama, approximately 1,000 feet long, was released on January 3, 1911. The film had a wide national release, advertising theaters include those in Indiana, Kansas, Utah, Wisconsin, North Carolina, South Dakota, Pennsylvania, New Hampshire, Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio. The Billboard reviewed the film and offered praise for the production, "This picture presents a story that is decidedly original and away from beaten paths. The settings in Turkey are elaborate and faithful to Turkish customs. All the players portray their respective parts in an excellent manner. The photography is very good." The New York Dramatic Mirror provided a summary of the film and concluded that the film "was well enacted and the sets were fully adequate, creating a fair illusion of the Oriental land depicted." The Moving Picture World was also provided a positive review, stating "The scenic effects are interesting and the story is lively enough to keep the audience wondering what the end will be." One advertisement for the film erroneously claimed that the film was shot in the Orient, unaware that the film was shot in Thanhouser's studio. A print of the film survives in the archives of the Museum of Modern Art. The complete film as intended for its release is 13 minutes and 39 seconds long. As the original film did not have official musical accompaniment, a new original music score was composed and performed by Ben Model. The film was exhibited by The Museum of Modern Art on October 29, 2009, it was organized by Charles Silver and film historians Ben Model and Steve Massa. The film was released in Volume 10 of the Thanhouser Collection. References External links 1911 romantic drama films 1911 films Thanhouser Company films American silent short films American black-and-white films 1911 short films 1910s American films Silent American romantic drama films

Rynne may refer to : Frank Rynne is an Irish-born singer, record producer, art curator, filmmaker, writer, and historian. Padraig Rynne is an Irish musician and noted concertina player. William Rynne, known as "Willie" Rynne, was an Irish Republican who fought in the 1916 Rising. Xavier Rynne is the pseudonym of Francis X. Murphy, a Redemptorist chaplain and theology professor who wrote about the Second Vatican Council.

Georgios Giannoutsos (; born 16 July 1998) is a Greek professional footballer who plays as a left-back for Super League club Lamia. Career AEK Athens On 26 August 2016, Giannoutsos signed a professional contract with AEK Athens, until the summer of 2020. Loan to Alki Oroklini On 21 July 2019, Giannoutsos was loaned out at Alki Oroklini. Career statistics Honours AEK Athens Superleague: 2017–18 References External links 1998 births Living people Greek men's footballers Greek expatriate men's footballers Greece men's youth international footballers AEK Athens F.C. players Alki Oroklini players Episkopi F.C. players Men's association football fullbacks Super League Greece players Cypriot Second Division players Super League Greece 2 players Footballers from Central Greece People from Euboea (regional unit)

This is a list of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs), which are minor planets in the Solar System that orbit the Sun at a greater distance on average than Neptune, that is, their orbit has a semi-major axis greater than 30.1 astronomical units (AU). The Kuiper belt, scattered disk, and Oort cloud are three conventional divisions of this volume of space. , the catalog of minor planets contains 901 numbered TNOs. In addition, there are more than 3,000 unnumbered TNOs, which have been observed since 1993. This list consists of all types of TNO subgroups: classical Kuiper belt objects, also known as "cubewanos", the resonant trans-Neptunian objects with their main and higher-order resonant subgroups, the scattered disc objects (SDOs), and the extreme trans-Neptunian objects including the ESDOs, EDDOs, and sednoids, which have a semi-major axis of at least 150 AU and a perihelion (closest approach to the Sun) greater than that of Neptune. The list also contains several centaurs, if the object's orbit has a sufficiently large semi-major axis (a). Centaurs have unstable orbits in which the perihelion (q) is well inside of Neptune's orbit but the farthest point (aphelion, Q) is very distant. The first TNO to be discovered was Pluto in 1930. It became the namesake of a larger group of resonant objects called plutinos (another such resonant subgroup are the twotinos). It took more than 60 years to discover a second TNO, Albion (provisionally known as ), in 1992. The largest known trans-Neptunian objects are Pluto and , followed by and , all of them being officially recognized as dwarf planets by the IAU. There are also several dwarf planet candidates such as , , , and . Most TNOs have low albedos typically around 0.09. Their color varies from blue-grey to very red (classes BB, BR, IR and RR). The following list also gives an object's full designation, mean-diameter (D), and discovery circumstances (date, discoverer and discovery site), as well as its orbital inclination (i) and eccentricity (e). List This list includes all numbered trans-Neptunian objects with a semi-major axis greater than 30.1 astronomical units (AU), Neptune's average orbital distance from the Sun. The data is sourced from MPC's "List of Trans Neptunian Objects" and "List Of Centaurs and Scattered-Disk Objects", completed with remarks and information from Johnston's Archive (diameter, class, binary, albedo, spectral taxonomy and B–R color index). Unnumbered TNOs There are more than 3,000 unnumbered trans-Neptunian objects, defined here as minor planets with a semi-major axis larger than 30.1 AU (Neptune's average orbital distance from the Sun). The data is sourced from MPC's "List of Trans Neptunian Objects" and "List Of Centaurs and Scattered-Disk Objects", completed with information from Johnston's Archive (diameter, class, binary status, etc.). For the list of numbered TNOs, see . Trans-Neptunian satellites A growing number of TNOs are revealed to be binary systems with a minor-planet moon orbiting its primary. There are also several multiple systems with more than one satellite. Diagram: orbital classes Trans-Neptunian objects colorized by their orbital subclass and plotted in the orbital parameter space (eccentricity and inclination versus semi-major axis). The plot for the entire region contains 1418 objects including plutinos (#185), twotinos (#36), other resonant objects (#124), cubewanos (#420), inner (#40) and outer classical objects (#6), SDOs (#289), sednoids (#11), centaurs (#101) and other TNOs (#206). See also Lists of astronomical objects List of centaurs (small Solar System bodies) List of minor planets List of the brightest Kuiper belt objects List of Solar System objects by greatest aphelion List of Solar System objects most distant from the Sun Planet Nine Notes References External links How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system?, Michael Brown, Caltech OSSOS TNODB by the Outer Solar System Origins Survey Minor Planet Center: List of Transneptunian Objects Minor Planet Center: List of Centaurs and Scattered-Disk Objects Johnston's Archive: List of Known trans-Neptunian Objects Johnston's Archive: Trans-Neptunian Objects Known extreme outer solar system objects, Scott Sheppard, Carnegie Science Center Lists of trans-Neptunian objects Neptunian, trans

The Yuma County Library District (YCLD) serves the population of Yuma County, Arizona. Today, the library district consists of a Main Library located in Yuma as well as 7 branch libraries, which are located in downtown Yuma, the Foothills, Somerton, San Luis, Wellton, Dateland, and Roll. The first Yuma Library, a Carnegie library, opened February 24, 1921 with 1,053 volumes and seating for 20 persons. Located in Sunset Park, the Yuma Carnegie Library underwent several expansions and renovations over the years, including a $4.2 million renovation completed in 2009. The Yuma Carnegie library still operates today as the Heritage Branch Library in downtown Yuma. Each library features books, magazines, newspapers, reference materials, CDs, DVDs, Internet access, printing, and copying services. Programs and classes for all ages are offered throughout the year, including storytimes, summer reading, technology training and assistance, and topics of local interest. Background The Library District's mission statement is "Yuma County Library District is your center for information, community enrichment, recreational reading, and lifelong learning." Its official slogan is "Your Information Connection." The County Board of Supervisors serves as the Library District Board of Directors. The Board of Directors is the five elected members of the Yuma County Board of Supervisors. They appoint the Library District Director, establish salaries, approve contracts and the annual budget, and review and approve all policies for the Library District. Since the Library District is a special taxing district, the Board of Directors has the authority to set the Library District’s tax rate. The Board of Trustees consists of nine members who are appointed by the Yuma County Library District Board of Directors. Board of Trustee positions are honorary and without compensation. Their primary function is to promote the development and improvement of Library District services. The Trustees recommend library policies to the Yuma County Library District Board of Directors. The Library District is primarily funded by real property taxes. It is also supported by non-profit organizations such as Friends of Yuma County Libraries, Inc. and the Yuma Library Foundation, whose purpose is to support the district through fundraising and public awareness efforts. The Yuma County Library District celebrated its Centennial in 2021, marking 100 years of service to Yuma County Main Library The Yuma Main Library opened on May 21, 2009 and was funded by part of a $53.7 million library bond program approved by voters in 2005. The Main Library has four meeting rooms, a special archival collection housed in the Arizona Room, and the Yuma Nonprofit Resource Center, which is a collaboration between the Yuma County Library District, the Yuma Area Nonprofit Institute, and the Arizona Chapter of the American Association of Grant Writers. The Main Library also houses a locally-run café, a Friends of the Libraries shop, and the Coworking Oasis, which is a work-space that hosts a variety of courses and seminars for aspiring entrepreneurs, and a Yuma Police Department Substation. As of February 2023, the Main Library also houses a Media Studio room setup for recording audio and video for podcasts, social media and the like. Heritage Library & Archives The original Carnegie library still stands at its original 1921 location and operates today as the Heritage Library. Renovated in 2009. This location is also home to a local history archive which contains multiple collections of documents and artifacts from Yuma's past. Dateland & Roll Libraries Both the Dateland and Roll Libraries are co-located inside county schools, and typically closed during part of the summer holiday when classes are not in session. The Dateland Library is located inside Dateland Elementary School while the Roll Branch is housed inside the Mohawk Valley School. References Public: New Buildings. Library Journal 15 December 2009 Library Journal Library history Public: Additions and Renovations. Library Journal 15 December 2009 Library Journal External links Yuma County Library District Official Website Coworking Oasis Arizona Historical Society Rio Colorado Archive Dateland Elementary School Mohawk Valley School Education in Yuma County, Arizona Buildings and structures in Yuma County, Arizona Buildings and structures in Yuma, Arizona

The Whirlpool Aero Car or Spanish Aero Car is a cable car located in Niagara Falls, Ontario that transports passengers over a section of the Niagara River referred to as the Niagara Whirlpool. The system was designed by Spanish engineer Leonardo Torres Quevedo and has been upgraded several times since 1916 (in 1961, 1967 and 1984). The system uses one car that carries 35 standing passengers over a one-kilometre trip. Technical specifications The Aero Car is suspended on six interlocking steel cables, each of which is in diameter. The car is powered by an electric motor and travels at approximately . In the event of a power failure, a diesel engine drives a hydraulic pump to pull the carrier back to the loading/unloading terminal. It also has a rescue car which holds four passengers and one operator. The rescue car has so far only been used for training purposes. The Aero Car is suspended between two Canadian points, though it crosses the Canadian and American borders four times on a full trip. The car crosses the border about from the starting point and runs through United States territory for about , but riders need no immigration clearance. At each end of the crossing, it is high, and in the centre, it averages above the river depending on the level of the water below. Its span is . The rapids entering the whirlpool below the Aero Car move at an estimated , and the flow of the water coming through the river is about in the summer months, and in the winter months. From the Aero Car, sightseers can see Whirlpool State Park in Niagara Falls, New York, as well as the Robert Moses Niagara Hydroelectric Power Station in Lewiston, New York. From the side or centre of the car, one can view the violent motion of the whirlpool below. Riders may also see hikers on nature trails and fishermen on both sides of the river. The car was originally open, but a roof has been added to all later designs. A four-person rescue car is available (a smaller silver car stored at the opposite end in an indoor area), but not used in regular service. The car operates from 10am to 5pm from the second week of March to the first week of November. Despite the similarities between the Aero Car and ski lifts, it has not been operated in winter since 2004. Gallery See also Incline railways at Niagara Falls Niagara Parks Commission People Mover Niagara Whirlpool References Niagara Falls - Spanish Aerocar Ride The Air - Whirlpool Aero Car Plaque at the entrance External links Niagara Parks webpage for Whirlpool Aero Car Location of the whirlpool with photos and web sites related to the area Images from the Historic Niagara Digital Collections Niagara Falls - Spanish Aerocar Ride The Air - Whirlpool Aero Car Plaque at the entrance Transport in Niagara Falls, Ontario Spanish inventions Tourist attractions in Niagara Falls, Ontario Aerial tramways in Canada Crossings of the Niagara River Niagara Parks Commission 1916 establishments in Ontario Transport infrastructure completed in 1916 Cross-border public transport

Harriet Purvis Jr. also known as Hattie Purvis (1839 – 1904) was an African-American abolitionist, suffragist and a member of the temperance movement. She was part of the second generation of American suffragists. Purvis worked closely with Susan B. Anthony. Biography She was born in 1839 to activists Harriet Forten Purvis and Robert Purvis. She was the granddaughter of James Forten. She grew up in a household that was center of the Pennsylvania's Underground Railroad. She attended school at Friends Eagleswood School and Theodore Dwight Weld's Raritan Bay Union school in Perth Amboy, New Jersey. She was a member of the Philadelphia Female Anti-Slavery Society and worked to raise funds. She attended the 1866 National Woman's Rights Convention and became a member of the American Equal Rights Association (AERA). She served as secretary for AERA from 1866 until 1869. She was on the executive committee of the Pennsylvania Woman's Suffrage Association. She was a delegate and the first African-American president of the National Woman's Suffrage Association. She died on April 4, 1904, in Watertown, Massachusetts. References 1839 births 1904 deaths African-American abolitionists African-American suffragists American suffragists American temperance activists Activists from Philadelphia Colored Conventions people Underground Railroad people Forten family 20th-century African-American people 20th-century African-American women African-American temperance activists

Garland is a town in Sampson County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 625 at the 2010 census. History The community was settled in about 1888 and named Sloan's Crossing. It was incorporated in 1907 as Garland, after U.S. Attorney General Augustus Hill Garland. Geography According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , of which 1.1 square miles (2.8 km2) is land and 0.93% is water. Demographics 2020 census As of the 2020 United States census, there were 595 people, 290 households, and 185 families residing in the town. 2000 census As of the census of 2000, there were 808 people, 276 households, and 203 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 313 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 48.64% White, 33.79% African American, 0.62% Native American, 15.59% from other races, and 1.36% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 18.56% of the population. There were 276 households, out of which 32.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.4% were married couples living together, 23.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 26.4% were non-families. 22.8% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.0% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.78 and the average family size was 3.20. In the town, the population was spread out, with 25.1% under the age of 18, 10.9% from 18 to 24, 25.7% from 25 to 44, 22.2% from 45 to 64, and 16.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 34 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.3 males. The median income for a household in the town was $29,000, and the median income for a family was $29,145. Males had a median income of $20,288 versus $17,417 for females. The per capita income for the town was $13,533. About 24.4% of families and 25.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 36.6% of those under age 18 and 24.4% of those age 65 or over. Notable interests Austin Brown was elected as the youngest commissioner in the towns history in November 2017 at the age of 22.He was later elected as the towns youngest Mayor Pro Tem. In 2021 Brown was elected Mayor of the Town and will serve a 2-year term ending in 2023. Winifred Hill Murphywas appointed in February 2012, becoming the first female and the first African American who has served as mayor for the town. Murphy was elected in November 2013 to serve another four-year term. She was reelected in 2019 and served a 2-year term. Garland is home to Cashwell Farms, a 100-year-old farm that currently serves as a working blueberry farm. The Garland Shirt Company, the town's major employer, produces shirts and other assorted apparel items for Brooks Brothers. The Garland Rotary Parade & Festival was held the first Saturday in October on Front St. with food, games, shops, and music until 2012. After the Garland Rotary Club lost its charter in 2013, the town organized a Community Day with a parade and festival beginning on October 4, 2014. The South River Presbyterian Church was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1996. References Works cited External links Cashwell Farms Towns in North Carolina Towns in Sampson County, North Carolina

David Oliver Siegmund (born November 15, 1941) is an American statistician who has worked extensively on sequential analysis. Biography Siegmund grew up in Webster Groves, Missouri. He received his baccalaureate degree, in mathematics, from Southern Methodist University in 1963, and a doctorate in statistics from Columbia University in 1966. His Ph.D. advisor was Herbert Robbins. After being an assistant and then a full professor at Columbia, he went to Stanford University in 1976, where he is currently a professor of statistics. He has served twice as the chair of Stanford's statistics department. He has also held visiting positions at Hebrew University of Jerusalem, the University of Zurich, the University of Oxford, and the University of Cambridge. Work Siegmund has written with Herbert Robbins and Yuan-Shih Chow on the theory of optimal stopping. Much of his work has been on sequential analysis, and he has also worked on the statistics of gene mapping. Awards and honors Guggenheim Fellowship (1974) Humboldt Prize (1980) Elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (1994) Invited Speaker of the International Congress of Mathematicians (1998) Elected to the National Academy of Sciences (2002) Selected publications (with Y. S. Chow and H. Robbins) Great Expectations: The Theory of Optimal Stopping, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1971. (with Rupert Miller) Maximally Selected Chi Square Statistics, Biometrics, 38, #4 (December 1982), pp. 1011–1016. Sequential Analysis: Tests and Confidence Intervals, New York: Springer, 1985, . (with John D. Storey and Jonathan E. Taylor) Strong control, conservative point estimation and simultaneous conservative consistency of false discovery rates: a unified approach, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, Series B 66, #1 (February 2004), pp. 187–205, . References External links David O. Siegmund, home page at Stanford 1941 births American statisticians Living people 20th-century American mathematicians 21st-century American mathematicians Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences Presidents of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics Mathematical statisticians

Onehunga Sports Football Club is a youth football club based in Onehunga, New Zealand. A senior side formerly competed in the Lotto Sport Italia NRFL Premier, last appearing in the competition in 2019. The club is widely regarded within New Zealand for their strong focus on youth development. In recent years, Onehunga Sports have most notably produced New Zealand internationals Sarpreet Singh, Chris Wood and Moses Dyer, and former head coach Hiroshi Miyazawa. Club history The club was founded in 1956 as Cornwall AFC, originally as a youth-oriented breakaway of Ellerslie AFC; Cornwall began play in the 1957 season, holding home games first at Auckland Domain until Fergusson Domain was made available in 1961. The club's change of name to Onehunga Sports and Soccer Club came in 1986, soon followed by the club's first promotion to the NRFL Premier in 1991. As Onehunga gradually progressed, gaining promotion into higher divisions, tighter restrictions on the playing surface at Fergusson Domain were placed on the club. Relocation discussions began in 1995, and following the construction of clubrooms and training facilities the club moved to Waikakara Park for the 2004 season. In 2010, Onehunga Sports won the NRFL Division 1 title, winning promotion to the regional top flight. In 2017 and 2018, Onehunga Sports won consecutive NRFL Premier titles; 2017 also saw the team lift the Chatham Cup for the first time, defeating Central United in the final. In 2020, Onehunga Sports merged with Three Kings United to form Auckland United, which assumed Onehunga's position in the 2020 NRFL Premier season; the youth, women's and social sectors of Onehunga Sports remain in operation. Notable former players The following players went on to play professionally following their time at Onehunga Sports. Kohei Tezuka Takayuki Omi Lee Ho-jae Liam Jordan Sansern Limwattana Baramee Limwattana Moses Dyer Sarpreet Singh Chris Wood Max Mata Te Atawhai Hudson-Wihongi Katie Duncan Benjamin Mata Alex Paulsen Priscilla Duncan Mark Elrick Clayton Lewis (footballer) Pip Meo Honours Chatham Cup: 2017 NRFL Men’s Premier winners 2018 Women’s Conference Division Champions 2018. NRFL Men’s Premier winners 2017 Lotto NRFL and New Zealand Football 2017 Coach of the Year: Hiroshi Miyazawa. Lotto NRFL Men’s Premier Division Player of the Year 2017: Joseph Dawkins captain of the Men’s Premier team. Northern Regional Football community coach of the year 2022: Jannine Stewart References External links New Zealand 2004/05 Season Results Auckland Football federation Onehunga Sports page Club website Association football clubs in Auckland 1956 establishments in New Zealand

Shirur is an administrative subdivision of the Pune district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is located on the eastern boundary of the district, on the banks of the Ghod River. The town is also called Ghodnadi to distinguish it from other locations that have the same name. Ghodnadi in Marathi Language means Ghod River. Shirur taluka's MIDC complex is one of the largest industrial regions on the Asian continent. Geographically, Shirur tehsil starts southeast on the banks of the Bhima River, on the Pune-Nagar road and ends at on the same road on the banks of the Ghod River.Shirur City History Notable events and locations in the history of Shirur include The Battle of Koregaon, between Mahar and the British at Koregaon Bhima, occurred in 1818. Samadhi of Chhatrapati Sambhaji maharaj constructed at Vadhu Budruk Bajirao’s gift to Mastani Kendur, Mastani's Palace at Pabal Santoba’s Kanhur Geologically important Inamgaon Netaji Palkar resided in Tandali, and the cultural and holy places Mahaganapati Ranjangaon The Pawar families of Supa, Waghale, Malthan, and Amdabad have more than 350 years of history in this region. The Pawars consider themselves descendants of the Parmaras, who were part of the Rashtrakuta dynasty that ruled parts of central India. All Pawars descend from Shrimant Shambhu Singh, who had a jagir at Supa, and also allied with Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, as did his son Shrimant Krushna Ji Pawar. Later on, his descendants took control of the region, establishing themselves at Kavathe, Waghale, Malthan, and Amdabad. Shrimant Udajiarao Pawar and Shrimant Anandrao Pawar, who accompanied Bajirao Peshwa on his northern campaigns, resided in Malthan Wada. RayajiRaje Pawar and his son MalojiRaje Pawar also accompanied Rajaram, Shahu I and the Peshwa resided in Waghale. All the nearby villages Supa, Malthan, Waghale, Amdabad were Jagirs of the Pawars. Culture Tamasha artist Gangaram Kavathekar and Lavani poet Bashir Momin Kavathekar are recipients of state government cultural awards like the Vithahbai Narayangaonkar award. Transport Public Transit Shirur is situated on Maharashtra State Highway 27. It is connected to Pune through PMPML buses. The city lies on an intersection of highways that connect multiple cities, towns, and villages. Major highways include NH 753F - Jalgaon, Pahur, Fardapur, Ajanta, Sillod, Phulambri, Aurangabad, Newasa, Wadala Bahiroba, Ghodegaon, Ahmednagar, Shirur , Ranjangaon, Shikrapur, Pune, Paud, Mulshi, Tamhini, Nijampur, Mangaon, Mhasla, and Dighi Port. State Highways: MH SH 27: Pune - Shirur - Ahmednagar MH SH 50: Shrigonda - Shirur - Parner - Takli Dhokeshwar - Sakur MH SH 51: Shirur - Nighoj - Alkuti - Belha MH SH 54: Shirur - Bhimashankar - Karjat - Panvel - Uran - Mumbai MH SH 55: Shirur - Shrigonda - Jamkhed MH SH 61: Shirur - Nhavara - Morgaon - Nira - Lonand - Wathar - Satara The 2nd corridor of the Pune Metro is to be extended from Wagholi / Pune Airport to Shirur. The nearest railway station is Belwandi Station. The nearest airport is Pune International Airport. Demographics Shirur is situated within the Pune district in Maharashtra. In 2011, the population of Shirur taluka was 385,414. Based on population, it ranks 6th in the district and 50th in Maharashtra. Shirur taluka has a total of 199,585 people employed, 118,181 male and 81,404 female. Shirur has an unemployment rate of 0%. It stands at 4th in the district and 77th in Maharashtra. Its literacy rate is 82% with 278,001 total literate residents. In terms of literacy, Shirur ranks 7th in the Pune district and 117th in Maharashtra. Industries The first corporate sugar factory in Shirur was established on 16 May, 1990. Industrial presence was expanded considerably in 1994 through the establishment of the local MIDC complex. The location, infrastructure and faster connectivity to major cities helped create three popular MIDC establishments - Karegaon, Sanaswadi and Ranjangaon. Many manufacturers have set up facilities in Maharashtra, including Apollo Tyres, refrigerator units of Whirlpool and Daewoo, a television and mobile handset plant of LG Electronics, Wheels India, Bajaj Electricals, Frito-Lay of PepsiCo Holdings, Fiat automobiles, Kirloskar, Swarovski, Ohsung, packaged drinking water plant of Aqua Pranali, seating systems factory of Harita and Harita Fehrer. Harita's Srinivasan Services Trust (SST) works in 24-gram panchayats including 147 villages across Shirur on education, health, water, infrastructure, environment, and infrastructure projects. It has benefited 6658 families in the Shirur block. Communities Shirur Religion Data 2011 The population consists of a mix of Hindus, including castes like Maratha and Mallav Samaj. Other subcastes based on their professions, like "goldsmith", "weaver" and "Maratha Kumbhars" have formed separate colonies bearing their names within Shirur. Other populations include Muslims, Jains (mostly Marvadis) of the Shwetambar sub-community, and a few Christians. Marvadis migrated here in the 19th century. During the British Raj, the Chambar Samaj had several horse stables around it, and many Muslims were employed there by the British army. One of the stable areas has now been taken by the Maharashtra State government as a colony for irrigation employees. Climate Shirur is influenced by the local steppe climate. There is not much rainfall in Shirur throughout the year. According to Köppen and Geiger, this climate is classified as BSh. Average annual temperature is 25.4°C and average annual rainfall is 498mm. The warmest month of the year is May, with an average temperature of 30.8°C. At 21.1°C on average, December is the coldest month of the year. Shirur Weather Data The difference in precipitation between the driest month and the wettest month is . The variation in annual temperature is around 9.7 °C. Education Shirur has schools that teach in the native Marathi language. The municipal council has a few schools around town, such as Vidyadham Prashala and Rayat Shikshan Sanstha that offer education till the 12th class. There is also an Urdu school in the town since Shirur has a substantial Muslim population. There are English medium schools in town too: the New English School, run by Rayat Shikshan Sanstha, the Rasiklal Dhariwal School, run by Shirur Shikshan Prasarak Mandal, and Jeevan Shikshan Mandir are a few examples. For higher education, there are colleges like the C.T. Bora College of Arts, Science, and Commerce. A sister concern, MDIMRT (Manikchand Dhariwal Institute of Management and Rural Technology), offers degrees like BCS and MCA. Chhatrapati Sambhaji Shikshan Sanstha offers graduate courses in Education and Pharmacy at the Sitabai Thite College. The Kasturi Shikshan Sanstha's College of Pharmacy is located in Shikrapur. Tourism Vadhu Budruk— samadhi of Chatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj, son of Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj who was ambushed at Sangameshwar in Ratnagiri district, and killed by the Mughul emperor Aurangjeb at Tulapur. Kavathe Yamai - Palace of erstwhile Maratha warrior family of Pawar, now based in Dhar, Yemai Temple, and Fatteshwar Temple located on the bank of Ghod River. Famous Lavani Poet Bashir Momin Kavathekar also hails from the village. Malthan - Palace of erstwhile Maratha warrior family of Pawar, based in Dhar. Waghale - Samadhis of erstwhile Maratha warrior family of Pawar Dewas. Ramling (Old Shirur)—The only North facing Lord Shiva's temple (It is believed that Lord Rama built the Shiva Ling here when he was in exile. Many people gather here for the holy festival of Mahashivratri) Ranjangaon on Pune -Nagar road — a temple of the Mahaganapati, one of the Ashtavinayaka Nighoj — natural potholes in the River Kukdi Chincholi Morachi — a peacock sanctuary Inamgaon - Archaeological site Chinchani — a dam on the Ghod River Pimple Jagtap — temple of Dharmaraja, eldest of the Pandava, under the trusteeship of the Bendbhar Patil family for the last 300 years Nimgaon Mhalungi - temple of Mhasoba, Vidya Vikas Mandir School and Dr. Ramdas Ransing's House Cities and towns in Pune district

This is a list of the mammal species recorded in Kiribati, a sovereign state in the central Pacific Ocean. There are thirteen mammal species around Kiribati, all of which are marine mammals in the order Cetacea. None are thought to be at risk, but some have insufficient data collected on them to allow an assessment to be made. The marine mammals of the order Cetacea that have been identified in the Pacific is described in the literature review by Miller (2006) and by the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP). A revision of the list of cetaceans reported in the ocean surrounding the islands of Kiribati was carried by Miller (2009). In 2010 a research voyage was conducted within the exclusive economic zones (EEZ) of Kiribati and Tuvalu. The survey confirmed the presence of seven species of cetaceans: Bryde's, sperm, killer, shortfinned pilot and false killer whales and spinner and striped dolphins. The following tags are used to highlight each species' conservation status as assessed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature: Order: Cetacea (whales) The order Cetacea includes whales, dolphins and porpoises. They are the mammals most fully adapted to aquatic life with a spindle-shaped nearly hairless body, protected by a thick layer of blubber, and forelimbs and tail modified to provide propulsion underwater. Lack of studies and dedicated observation efforts result in poor understanding of cetacean diversity in the region. Suborder: Mysticeti Family: Balaenidae Genus: Eubalaena Southern right whale, Eubalaena australis LR/cd Suborder: Odontoceti Family: Physeteridae Genus: Physeter Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus VU Superfamily: Platanistoidea Family: Kogiidae Genus: Kogia Dwarf sperm whale, Kogia sima LR/lc Family: Ziphidae Subfamily: Hyperoodontinae Genus: Hyperoodon Southern bottlenose whale, Hyperoodon planifrons LR/cd Genus: Mesoplodon Blainville's beaked whale, Mesoplodon densirostris DD Ginkgo-toothed beaked whale, Mesoplodon ginkgodens DD Deraniyagala's beaked whale, Mesoplodon hotaula DD Family: Delphinidae (marine dolphins) Genus: Steno Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis DD Genus: Stenella Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris LR/cd Genus: Lagenodelphis Fraser's dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei DD Genus: Globicephala Short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhynchus LR/cd Genus: Feresa Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata DD Genus: Orcinus Orca, Orcinus orca LR/cd Notes References See also List of chordate orders Lists of mammals by region List of prehistoric mammals Mammal classification List of mammals described in the 2000s Pacific Islands Cetaceans Memorandum of Understanding Kiribati Mammals Mammals Kiribati

The Hampshire Review is a weekly newspaper serving Hampshire County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. Headquartered in the town of Romney, it is published on Wednesday. Its 2020 circulation was 7,200. It is owned by Cornwell & Ailes Inc. The early Hampshire Review Established 1884 by the Review Company, the Hampshire Review was launched as a seven column folio by C.F. Poland. The strongest paper in the county up until that time, it was edited and owned by Poland until he sold it to the Cornwell Brothers in 1890. Poland moved on to the Intelligencer, a long-established paper in the area. South Branch Intelligencer and merger Sometime around 1830, William Harper started the Hampshire and Hardy Intelligencer, changed shortly to the South Branch Intelligencer A six-column four page paper, initially printed on a Franklin Press, it was a Whig party vehicle up until the American Civil War, but became a Democratic paper after it. After Harper's death in 1887, his wife took over the paper, selling it to a stock company in 1890. The stock company put C.F. Poland, who had recently sold the Hampshire Review, at the helm. In 1897 the stock and fixtures were sold to the Cornwells and merged with the Review, with John Jacob. John Jacob Cornwell continued as editor until winning election for governor in 1916. The Cornwell family has had a stake in the paper since the 1890s. Resources List of newspapers in West Virginia References Newspapers published in West Virginia Hampshire County, West Virginia Newspapers established in 1884 1884 establishments in West Virginia Mass media in Romney, West Virginia

Scutalus macedoi is a species of tropical air-breathing land snail, a pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Bulimulidae. Distribution Peru This species was described from Capillacocha, 11°10’09’S 076°02’25’W, 4150 m, Junín Region, Peru. Breure (2010) recorded it for the first time from the western slopes of the Cordillera Occidental near Laguna El Viuda, 11°21’45’S 076°38’23’W, 4450 m, Canta Province, Lima Region, Peru. The material from Canta province has the upper whorls reddish-blue and the specimens are more slender than those shown in the original figure of Weyrauch. However, compared to paratypes (RMNH 55449/5), the shell shape is similar. References This article incorporates CC-BY-3.0 text from the reference Bulimulidae Gastropods described in 1967

The Black Lady of Bradley Woods is a ghost which reportedly haunts the woods near the village of Bradley, Lincolnshire, England. Alleged eyewitnesses have described her as being young and pretty, around 5'6" tall, dressed in a flowing black cloak and a black hood that obscures her hair but reveals her mournful, pale, tear-soaked face. According to the legend she has never harmed anyone and has only ever proved to be a pitiful, if unnerving sight. Origins The story is known to have been told for many generations. It was once used by parents to frighten children; this appears to have been a common practice among parents in the area and children were warned that if they were not safely in bed by a certain time "the black lady will get you!". One theory that has been put forward is that the Black Lady is the ghost of a nun. She appears dressed in black and at nearby Nunsthorpe (now an area of Grimsby) where a convent existed until the Reformation. This theory gives no reason as to why the Black Lady should have moved from Nunsthorpe to Bradley, away. Also, though she may be dressed in black, few if any eyewitnesses have described her appearance as matching that of a nun. Another possible explanation is that she is a spinster who at one time lived a life of isolation in her cottage in the woods far enough away from the village. If village children had come across a woman living on her own in the woods, who became angry when her privacy and solitude was breached, then imaginary tales of witchcraft could have exaggerated the legend. Neither of these theories ties in with the folklore. The myth During the Wars of the Roses, or alternatively the Barons' Wars, a young woodsman and his wife lived with their baby son in a cottage in Bradley Woods. Eventually the woodsman left his family to fight, leaving his wife to bring up the baby alone. After many months there was no news of the woodsman. Every day she held her child and walked to the edge of the woods, waiting for the sight of her husband coming home from the wars, until one day the enemy army crossed the Humber and marched through the area on the way to attack Lincoln. As she was leaving her cottage, the woman was set upon by three horsemen who brutally raped her before snatching the baby boy and riding off laughing into the woods. Heartbroken and humiliated, she wandered the woods searching in vain for her child and husband. After her death people began to see her wandering the woods, carrying on her never-ending search. References English ghosts English legendary characters Female legendary creatures History of Lincolnshire Borough of North East Lincolnshire Wars of the Roses People of the Wars of the Roses

Julio Cesar Serrano (born 1 March 1981) is an Argentine football midfielder who last played for Club Atlético General Lamadrid in Argentine. He was traded to Slovan Bratislava from the Argentine club Nueva Chicago in January 2008. External links Julio Cesar Serrano at BDFA 1981 births Living people Sportspeople from La Matanza Partido Argentine men's footballers Argentine expatriate men's footballers Slovak First Football League players Primera Nacional players Primera B Metropolitana players ŠK Slovan Bratislava players Club Almagro players Instituto Atlético Central Córdoba footballers Sacachispas Fútbol Club players Club Atlético Nueva Chicago footballers Estudiantes de Buenos Aires footballers Club Atlético Atlanta footballers UAI Urquiza players Club Atlético General Lamadrid footballers Expatriate men's footballers in Slovakia Argentine expatriate sportspeople in Slovakia Men's association football midfielders Footballers from Buenos Aires Province

"The Train Job" is the original series premiere and second episode of the American science-fiction western television series Firefly created by Joss Whedon. It was the second episode produced and aired on Friday, September 20, 2002, on Fox. The episode was written by Whedon and Tim Minear as the second pilot to the series following Fox after executives were unsatisfied with original pilot "Serenity", which later aired as the series finale. According to the 2003 DVD commentary, Whedon and Minear had only two days to write the script. The crew of Serenity take on a hovertrain robbery commissioned by a sinister crime lord. However, the cargo is worth more than they realize. Synopsis Captain Malcolm "Mal" Reynolds, Zoe and Jayne Cobb are in a bar. When a drunk patron named Lund celebrates the sixth anniversary of the Alliance's victory on Unification Day with a toast, Mal, a former Browncoat soldier, picks a fight. Zoe immediately backs him up, Jayne hesitates but reluctantly joins the fight. Greatly outnumbered, Mal radios his pilot, Wash, for help. Serenity rescues them, despite the ship not having any weapons. In the ship's infirmary, Dr. Simon Tam tends to his mentally disturbed teenage sister River. Another passenger, "Shepherd" (preacher) Book, tells Mal that Simon is brave to sacrifice his life of luxury to go on the run and protect his sister. On a "skyplex" (an orbiting space city), Mal, Zoe, and Jayne meet crime lord Adelei Niska and his hulking lieutenant, Crow, to arrange a job. Niska sadistically shows them the body of the last person who failed him. The job is to steal two crates from a moving train. Mal shows no interest in knowing the contents of the crates. During the heist, Mal and Zoe must sneak past an entire squad of Alliance troops who are coincidentally on the train. They break into the locked train car and find the crates, while Serenity flies over the speeding train and lowers Jayne on a winch to collect the cargo. Meanwhile, a curious trooper sets off a booby trap that Zoe had set. Jayne is wounded, Mal knocks out the soldier before he can see what is happening. Jayne and the crates are hoisted onto the ship. Mal and Zoe covertly reenter the passenger car and pretend to be regular passengers. Wash parks Serenity in a nearby canyon. Jayne wants to get to the rendezvous point and finish the job, but Wash refuses to leave without Mal and Zoe. Shepherd Book urges caution, and Jayne tries to take the ship by force, but Simon sedates him. Meanwhile, Mal learns that the stolen cargo is desperately needed medicine. The nearby mining town is afflicted with "Bowden's Malady", a degenerative disease caused by mining activity. The local sheriff is suspicious of Mal's cover story that he and Zoe are a married couple looking for work. Inara appears and uses her considerable status as a Companion, falsely claiming that Mal is her runaway "indentured man" who persuaded Zoe to leave her husband. The impressed sheriff lets her take the "runaways" back into her own custody. Mal decides they will deliver the medicine to the townspeople and return Niska's money. Niska's henchmen find them first, and a fight ensues. The Serenity crew wins, and secures the villains. Mal and Zoe drive the cargo to the town, intending to drop off the crates discreetly. They are surprised by the sheriff and his deputies, who realize what they have done. They are grateful for the return of the medicine and allow them to go free. Mal tries to negotiate with Crow but he says Niska will refuse, and promises to hunt down and kill him. Mal casually kills Crow and next henchman agrees to cooperate. Elsewhere, on an Alliance cruiser, two mysterious men in suits and wearing blue gloves inquire about a girl and show the captain a photo of River Tam. Production On May 3, 2002, Fox rejected the original two-part pilot episode "Serenity". Within two weeks, series writers Joss Whedon and Tim Minear had create a new pilot to introduce the show's characters, themes, and story elements to new audiences. The duo completed the script on May 16. Production on "The Train Job" began on July 8, 2002. The ominous "Hands of Blue", two men who are pursuing River, first appear in this episode. As noted by Tim Minear in the DVD commentary, Book's knowledge of underworld dealings (particularly his theory of Niska's reaction to an incarcerated Mal and Zoe) alludes to his cryptic past. Guest cast Tom Towles as Lund, a thug at the bar Mal, Zoe, and Jayne drink at, who takes a disliking to Mal Andrew Bryniarski as Crow Michael Fairman as Adelai Niska Gregg Henry as Sheriff Bourne Jeff Ricketts as Blue Glove Man #1 Dennis Cockrum as Blue Glove Man #2 Reception "The Train Job" was first aired in the United States on Fox on Friday September 20, 2002. It was followed directly by the premiere of another series, John Doe. According to Nielsen Media Research, it had an average of 6.20 million viewers and was ranked 66th overall for the week. The premiere of John Doe had an average of 9.79 million viewers and was ranked 28th overall. Scott D. Pierce of the Deseret News found it "quite entertaining" but advised viewers to "go in looking for a Western with sci-fi touches." Steve Johnson of the Chicago Tribune thought it was "intriguing but not compelling, but it least has the promise of a bright fellow at the helm." Caryn James of The New York Times was unconvinced by the mix of genres and called the episode "a confusing mess", acknowledging that Fox shelved the original pilot, and said "there's still a possibility that Firefly might be fixed." References External links "The Train Job" at Firefly Wiki 2002 American television episodes Firefly (TV series) episodes Television episodes written by Joss Whedon Television episodes directed by Joss Whedon Television episodes written by Tim Minear

The 2013 Moldovan government crisis was a governmental crisis that took place in the Republic of Moldova. It started on 8 March 2013, after the Prime Minister Vlad Filat was dismissed by motion of censure of the Parliament. It ended on 30 May 2013, when Iurie Leancă's cabinet received a successful vote of confidence. Background The government coalition Alliance for European Integration, composed by Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova (PLDM), Democratic Party (PD) and Liberal Party (PL), entered in an internal conflict. The President of the Parliament and PD leader, Marian Lupu accused Vlad Filat and his government for corruption, although in PL, someone sustained Filat, and the other ones sustained Lupu. The alliance was dissolved. Government falling Filat and his government were dismissed on 8 March 2013, after a parliamentary motion of censure against the cabinet, initiated by the Party of the Communists (PCRM). PD, PL and PCRM deputies voted for the motion, while PLDM and independents voted against it. President Nicolae Timofti asked Filat to maintain the function as Acting, until a new government is formed. Filat's designation Timofti designated Filat to form his third cabinet. The Prime Minister designate started to negotiate with the former political partners in the European Integration Alliance. Interim Cabinet References 2013 in Moldova Moldova

Jean Passanante (born June 26, 1953) is an American television screenwriter, best known for her work in daytime soap operas. Passanante got her start as an actress doing bit parts in the 1980s, including the John Sayles' films Return of the Secaucus 7 and Lianna. She later became a soap opera writer. Early life Passanante was born on June 26, 1953, in St. Louis, Missouri, one of three daughters born to to Bart, a physician, and Alberta Passanante. Her sisters are Joy and Judy. She graduated from Ladue Horton Watkins High School in 1971. She attended Dartmouth College. Career Acting Passanante was in Return of the Secaucus 7 (1980) and Lianna (1983), both John Sayles films. Writing Passanante got her start on soaps working as a staff writer on the ABC Daytime drama One Life to Live from 1992 to 1996. In 1996, she was promoted to the top position of Head Writer, only to be replaced in 1997. She remained as a staff writer until 1998, at which time she was made co-Head Writer of the ailing soap opera Another World. Passanante wrapped up the show's 35-year run in June 1999. The next month, she relieved All My Children creator Agnes Nixon of head writing duties after Nixon was called in to temporarily replace Megan McTavish. Passanante's contract with All My Children expired in 2001, and she was replaced by Richard Culliton. She was then hired by CBS' As the World Turns in 2001, where she served as co-Head Writer (second in command to Hogan Sheffer) until she was promoted to Head Writer in early 2005; she continued in that role through the show's 2010 cancellation. Following the cancellation of As the World Turns, Passanante returned to One Life to Live as Associate Head Writer, a role she held until 1998, until its television cancellation in January 2012. From January 25, 2008, through April 17, 2008, ATWT episodes were written by non-union writers due to Passanante and her team participating in the WGA strike. Passanante's post-strike episodes hit the airwaves on April 18, 2008. Passanante was one of the writers who followed Ron Carlivati to General Hospital as breakdown writer from May 3, 2012, until November 25, 2013, when Passanante was named head writer of The Young and the Restless, working alongside Shelly Altman. Passanante's tenure was from December 23, 2013, to March 18, 2015, Passanante was also a breakdown writer for the show under Charles Pratt, Jr. from March 23, 2015, to June 18, 2015. In July 2015, Passanante and Altman returned to General Hospital as its co-head writers, replacing Carlivati. On June 6, 2017, Passanante announced her decision to retire from General Hospital, stating: "It gets to be a time when it’s just time. [...] And it seemed like the right time. I do have other things that I’m interested in pursuing and I have a daughter who lives in Europe, who I want to visit whenever I can. I have been pondering it for a long time. It’s a pretty consuming kind of job and you need to get your head clear of it every once in a while. It’s been a great 27 years, or something like that — it’s a long time!". Her retirement was reported in 2017, but in 2020 she was one of the recruits for a fiction app named "Radish" which had $63m of funding and it was opening an office in LA. The soap writers recruited included Passanante, Janet Iacobuzio, Addie Walsh, Lisa Connor and Leah Laiman. Personal life In 1985, Passanante married writer Jack Shannon. They have one daughter, Ruth Shannon. Filmography Acting Film Writing Television Awards and nominations Daytime Emmy Awards: Win, 2014, Outstanding Drama Series Writing Team for The Young and the Restless Wins, 2002, 2004 and 2005, Outstanding Drama Series Writing Team for As the World Turns Nomination, 2003, Outstanding Drama Series Writing Team for As the World Turns Nomination, 2001 and 2002, Outstanding Drama Series Writing Team for All My Children Win, 1994, Outstanding Drama Series Writing Team for One Life to Live Writers Guild of America Awards (WGA) Win, 2015 and 2016, Best Daytime Serial for General Hospital Win, 2007, Best Daytime Serial for As the World Turns Nominations, 2005 and 2006, Daytime Serials for As the World Turns Win, 2001 and 2002, Daytime Serials for All My Children Win, 1992 for "One Life to Live" References External links 1953 births Living people American soap opera writers Daytime Emmy Award winners American women television writers Writers Guild of America Award winners Dartmouth College alumni Place of birth missing (living people) Women soap opera writers Ladue Horton Watkins High School alumni 21st-century American women

The 1957 Iowa State Cyclones baseball team represented Iowa State University in the 1957 NCAA University Division baseball season. The team was coached by Cap Timm in his 16th year as head coach at Iowa State. The Cyclones won the District V playoff to advance to the College World Series, where they were defeated by the California Golden Bears. Roster Schedule |- ! style="" | Regular season |- |- ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="3%" | # ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="7%" | Date ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="14%" | Opponent ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="25%" | Site/stadium ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="5%" | Score ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="5%" | Overall record ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="5%" | Big 7 record |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 1 || April 6 || vs || Unknown • Unknown || 11–0 || 1–0 || – |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 2 || April 6 || vs Iowa State Teachers || Unknown • Unknown || 13–2 || 2–0 || – |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 3 || April 13 || vs || Unknown • Unknown || 14–10 || 3–0 || – |- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | 4 || April 13 || vs Minnesota || Unknown • Unknown || 10–11 || 3–1 || – |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 5 || April 19 || Missouri || Unknown • Ames, Iowa || 14–9 || 4–1 || 1–0 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 6 || April 20 || Missouri || Unknown • Ames, Iowa || 6–5 || 5–1 || 2–0 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | 7 || April 20 || Missouri || Unknown • Ames, Iowa || 3–7 || 5–2 || 2–1 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 8 || April 26 || at || Husker Diamond • Lincoln, Nebraska || 5–0|| 6–2 || 3–1 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | 9 || April 27 || at Nebraska || Husker Diamond • Lincoln, Nebraska || 5–10 || 6–3 || 3–2 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | 10 || April 27 || at Nebraska || Husker Diamond • Lincoln, Nebraska || 3–4 || 6–4 || 3–3 |- |- ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="3%" | # ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="7%" | Date ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="14%" | Opponent ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="25%" | Site/stadium ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="5%" | Score ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="5%" | Overall record ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="5%" | Big 7 record |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 11 || May 4 || || Unknown • Ames, Iowa || 7–1 || 7–4 || 4–3 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | 12 || May 5 || Oklahoma || Unknown • Ames, Iowa || 4–6 || 7–5 || 4–4 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 13 || May 5 || Oklahoma || Unknown • Ames, Iowa || 3–2 || 8–5 || 5–4 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 14 || May 11 || at || Unknown • Manhattan, Kansas || 13–2 || 9–5 || 6–4 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 15 || May 11 || at Kansas State || Unknown • Manhattan, Kansas || 12–7 || 10–5 || 7–4 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 16 || May 17 || || Unknown • Ames, Iowa || 7–2 || 11–5 || 8–4 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 17 || May 18 || Kansas || Unknown • Ames, Iowa || 12–0 || 12–5 || 9–4 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 18 || May 18 || Kansas || Unknown • Ames, Iowa || 4–0 || 13–5 || 10–4 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 19 || May 24 || at || Unknown • Boulder, Colorado || 13–4 || 14–5 || 11–4 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | 20 || May 25 || at Colorado || Unknown • Boulder, Colorado || 7–8 || 14–6 || 11–5 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | 21 || May 25 || at Colorado || Unknown • Boulder, Colorado || 10–12 || 14–7 || 11–6 |- |- ! style="" | Postseason |- |- ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="3%" | # ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="7%" | Date ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="14%" | Opponent ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="25%" | Site/stadium ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="5%" | Score ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="5%" | Overall record ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="5%" | Big 7 record |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 22 || May 31 || || Unknown • Ames, Iowa || 2–0 || 15–7 || 11–6 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 23 || June 1 || Bradley || Unknown • Ames, Iowa || 3–0 || 16–7 || 11–6 |- |- ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="3%" | # ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="7%" | Date ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="14%" | Opponent ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="25%" | Site/stadium ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="5%" | Score ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="5%" | Overall record ! bgcolor="#DDDDFF" width="5%" | Big 7 record |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 24 || June 8 || vs Notre Dame || Omaha Municipal Stadium • Omaha, Nebraska || 13–8 || 17–7 || 11–6 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | 25 || June 9 || vs California || Omaha Municipal Stadium • Omaha, Nebraska || 2–8 || 17–8 || 11–6 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ccffcc" | 26 || June 10 || vs Connecticut || Omaha Municipal Stadium • Omaha, Nebraska || 5–2 || 18–8 || 11–6 |- align="center" bgcolor="#ffcccc" | 27 || June 11 || vs California || Omaha Municipal Stadium • Omaha, Nebraska || 1–9 || 18–9 || 11–6 |- |- | Awards and honors Dick Bertell Second Team All-American Sports Illustrated Gary Thompson Third Team All-American Sports Illustrated References Iowa State Cyclones baseball seasons Iowa State Cyclones baseball College World Series seasons Iowa State Big Eight Conference baseball champion seasons

Sherrick Terravis McManis (born December 19, 1987) is a former American football cornerback and special teamer who played 11 seasons in the National Football League. He was drafted by the Houston Texans in the fifth round of the 2010 NFL Draft, and spent most of his career with the Chicago Bears. He played college football at Northwestern. Early years McManis attended Richwoods High School in Peoria, Illinois where he played football and was a state champion long-jumper. Considered only a two-star recruit by Rivals.com, McManis chose Northwestern over Eastern Illinois, Western Illinois, and Illinois State. College career As a freshman, McManis was named to Sporting News' freshman All-Big Ten team after recording 21 tackles, breaking up six passes and making one interception. As a sophomore, he became a full-time starter on defense, and recorded 75 tackles, 6.5 tackles-for-loss, seven pass break-ups, and one interception. As a junior, he recorded 53 tackles, broke up 14 passes and had two interceptions. As a senior, he earned first-team All-Big Ten honors after he set career highs in interceptions with five, and recorded 37 tackles, 1.5 tackles-for-loss, and broke up 12 passes. He finished his collegiate career with 201 tackles, eight tackles-for-loss, 39 pass break-ups, and nine interceptions. Professional career Houston Texans McManis was drafted by the Houston Texans in the fifth round (144th overall) of the 2010 NFL Draft. He signed a four-year, $1.982 million contract with the Texans on May 27. Chicago Bears On August 31, 2012, McManis was traded to the Chicago Bears for fullback Tyler Clutts. In Week 9 against the Tennessee Titans, McManis blocked Brett Kern's punt, which was recovered by former Northwestern teammate Corey Wootton, who returned the blocked punt for a touchdown. McManis was eventually named the NFC Special Teams Player of the Week. McManis was placed on injured reserve on December 11. In the 2015 season, McManis had 11 special-teams tackles, which led the team. On March 10, 2016, McManis was re-signed by the Bears to a two-year contract. On March 22, 2018, McManis signed a two-year contract to remain with the Bears. Since 2012, McManis has been Chicago's special teams ace, spending time as a captain while making 80 tackles in that time entering the 2018 season. In Week 3 against the Arizona Cardinals, McManis recorded his first interception since 2010 off Sam Bradford's pass to Chad Williams. Later in the season, he became the Bears' starting nickelback after Bryce Callahan suffered a season-ending foot injury. In week 5 of the 2019 season against the Oakland Raiders, McManis forced a fumble on Trevor Davis on the goal line in the 24–21 loss. He was placed on injured reserve on November 30, 2019. McManis signed a one-year extension with the Bears on April 16, 2020. During the 2020 season, McManis became the longest tenured Bears player, having played under four different coaching regimes dating back to Lovie Smith in 2012. In Week 15 against the Minnesota Vikings, McManis intercepted a pass thrown by Kirk Cousins with no time left in the game to secure a 33–27 win for the Bears. Following the conclusion of the 2020 season, McManis was not re-signed by the Bears and entered free agency where he went unsigned. References External links Houston Texans bio Northwestern Wildcats football bio Chicago Bears bio 1987 births Living people American football cornerbacks Chicago Bears players Houston Texans players Northwestern Wildcats football players Players of American football from Peoria, Illinois

Ivan Harris Riley (December 31, 1900 – October 28, 1943) was an American athlete who competed mainly in the 400 metre hurdles. He competed for the United States in the 1924 Summer Olympics held in Paris, France in the 400 metre hurdles where he won the bronze medal. References External links People from Newton, Kansas Track and field athletes from Kansas American male hurdlers Olympic bronze medalists for the United States in track and field Athletes (track and field) at the 1924 Summer Olympics 1900 births 1943 deaths Medalists at the 1924 Summer Olympics Deaths from brain cancer in the United States Deaths from cancer in Kansas

Sheila Varian (August 8, 1937 – March 6, 2016) was an American breeder of Arabian horses who lived and worked at the Varian Arabians Ranch near Arroyo Grande, California. She grew up with a strong interest in horses, and was mentored in horsemanship by Mary "Sid" Spencer, a local rancher and Morgan horse breeder who also introduced Varian to the vaquero or "Californio" tradition of western riding. She started her horse ranch, Varian Arabians, in 1954 with the assistance of her parents. Raising and training horses was her full-time occupation beginning in 1963. She used vaquero-influenced methods of training horses, although she adapted her technique over the years to fit the character of the Arabian horse, which she viewed as a horse breed requiring a smart yet gentle approach. Varian produced a number of influential Arabian horses whose bloodlines are found in a significant number of winning Arabian show horses in the United States. She began her breeding program with a small number of mares whom she bred to her national champion stallion, Bay Abi. She then acquired three mares from Arabian farms in Poland at a time when that nation was still behind the Iron Curtain and importation of horses to the United States was very difficult. These mares and Bay Abi formed her foundation bloodstock. , the Varian horses at stud represent the sixth generation of her stallion breeding line, and her foundation mare lines have produced nine generations of offspring. For her accomplishments, Varian received recognition from the United States Equestrian Federation, as well as several awards from various organizations within the Arabian horse industry. For her contributions as breeder and as a horse trainer in the vaquero tradition, she was inducted into the National Cowgirl Museum and Hall of Fame in 2003. After she was diagnosed with ovarian cancer in 2013, she sought to place the 230-acre Varian Ranch into a conservation easement to protect the land from development, and in 2015 announced that the California Rangeland Trust would partner with her to purchase the development rights and to allow her long-time ranch manager, Angela Alvarez, to operate the horse breeding program after Varian. After Alvarez, the property would be gifted to the Trust to be sold, the conservation easement running with the land, and the Trust would try to find a buyer that would maintain the Arabian horse breeding program as well. Varian died on March 6, 2016, at age 78. Early years Varian grew up in Halcyon, California with a strong interest in horses, combined with a fondness for horse books such as the works of Marguerite Henry and The Black Stallion series written by Walter Farley. She credited Farley's books as the origin of her interest in Arabian horses. She was given her first horse, a Morgan-Percheron crossbred, at the age of eight, and rode bareback until she obtained her first saddle at age 12. Although her parents, Eric and Wenonah Varian, did not have an equestrian background, they always supported her interest in horses, allowing both her and her older sister the freedom to ride horses as much as they wanted. Varian matured to be tall, and has stated that while she "struggled" with her height as a young person, she found comfort in riding horses: "all my troubles went away." Varian and her parents began using the farm name "Varian Arabians" in 1954. She credited her parents for helping her believe that she could do whatever she wanted to do and for trusting her own judgement, which gave her confidence in her own ability to work with horses. They worked as a team to build a horse business; Eric, an electrical contractor, built fences and managed the land, Wenonah studied pedigrees, and Sheila handled the horses. In time, their ranch expanded from 21 to 150 acres. As a young adult, Varian completed college at California Polytechnic State University and taught high school physical education for three years, until 1963, when running the Varian Arabian ranch became her full-time job. The ranch was self-supporting from 1963 on, with the short-term assistance of loans from Sheila's aunt, Dorothy Varian, which were promptly repaid. Ultimately, the ranch grew to 230 acres. The Varian horses Varian preferred the Arabian breed because "their instinctual interest in and appreciation for people runs deep in their genes. The Arabian's lightness and responsiveness are wonderful, as is their willingness to be your partner. And...they are beautiful. Arabian horses have never let me down." She valued horses with good dispositions and athletic ability as well as attractive appearance. She does not breed Arabians for a specific discipline, instead describes her breeding philosophy as "consistently continuing to breed for more quality and never losing disposition or athletic ability." Following these principles, Varian has produced some of the most influential Arabian stallions in the breed. When she was young, Varian developed an interest in finding the "perfect" horse. She soon realized that the way to achieve her goal was to begin breeding horses. Her first Arabian was the mare Farlotta (Lotnik × Farza), obtained in 1952. Farlotta became a finished spade bit horse who won both stock horse (reining) and western pleasure championships. Although loved and cared for by Varian, the mare had been neglected in her first two years prior to being purchased by Varian, and as a result of underlying health damage died at the age of seven. In 1959, Varian and her mother Wenonah purchased a two-year-old bay stallion named Bay-Abi (Errabi × Angyl). Trained and shown by Varian, he was the judges' unanimous choice for U.S. National Champion Arabian Stallion in 1962, later won U.S. National Top Ten awards in both Arabian English pleasure and Western pleasure, and thereafter was awarded the Legion of Merit. Even though he was not bred to any mares until after he was fully trained, and thus his first foals did not appear in the show ring until he was 7, he sired 275 registered Arabians, including 65 champions and 24 national winners. By 1961, Varian Arabians had a small number of mares. The most notable of her early champions was Ronteza, a daughter of the stallion Witez II out of the mare Ronna. Ronteza was the second Arabian Varian purchased, and she trained the mare herself. The pair, undefeated in competition against other Arabian horses, went on to beat 50 horses of all breeds to win the 1961 Reined Cow Horse championship at the Cow Palace in San Francisco, California. Varian was aware that both Farlotta and Ronteza were sired by stallions imported from Poland, out of American-bred mares, and believed this bloodline cross was a major source for the good qualities of these mares. Thus, Varian looked for Polish-bred Arabian mares to breed to her American-bred Bay-Abi. However, Poland was at that time an Iron Curtain nation, and importing horses from there directly to America was quite complicated. To accomplish her goal, Varian sought the assistance of British horse breeder Patricia Lindsay, who traveled to Poland and purchased three mares on Varian's behalf. The mares arrived in California in December 1961. They were Bachantka (sired by Wielki Szlem out of Balalajka, who was by Amurath Sahib), purchased from the Albigowa stud; Ostroga (Duch × Orda by Omar 11), from the Nowy Dwór stud; and Naganka (Bad Afas × Najada by Fetysz), from the Michalow stud. Bachantka and Naganka had been trained and raced in Poland. Bachantka had a record of 2/15 (0-1-3), and Naganka a record of 2/12 (3-4-1). After her arrival in the USA, Bachantka also had a brief but successful horse show career. Crossing Bay-Abi on these imported Polish mares proved particularly successful for Varian. , the Varian ranch bred nine generations of horses descended from these foundation mares, and stood six successive generations of stallions descended from Bay Abi. The cross produced, among other champions, Varian's successor to Bay-Abi, the 1969 colt Bay el Bey (Bay Abi × Naganka), who was U.S. Reserve National Champion stallion twice, 1977 Canadian National Champion stallion, and a regional champion in English pleasure. At the time, the Arabian industry had little interest in western disciplines, so Varian competed with her horses in English riding classes. Of Bay el Bey, she commented, "He could easily have been an open reining horse, but I made him into an English pleasure horse because he could do it, he was so athletic." Her English champions also included Bay el Bey's full brother, Mikado, a gray stallion who was a champion park horse. Bay el Bey was best known for his offspring, who collectively earned him the nickname, "The Kingmaker." He sired 441 foals including three sons considered his finest: his own successor at Varian Arabians, Huckleberry Bey (whose dam was Taffona, a daughter of Raffon); U.S. Reserve National Champion Bey Shah (out of Star of Ofir, who was by Bask); and Barbary (out of Balalinka (Bask x Bachantka)), who won a total of seven national titles in halter and park horse competition. Barbary was purchased from Varian as a yearling by film producer and Arabian owner Mike Nichols. These three sons of Bay el Bey alone sired a combined total of 650 champions. Subsequent generations of Varian stallions continued the pattern of winning in the show ring and then producing champion show horses across multiple disciplines. Huckleberry Bey was 1979 U.S. National Reserve Champion Futurity Stallion, 1981 U.S. National Top Ten Stallion, and 1984 U.S. National Reserve Champion English Pleasure. He then became the leading sire of US National Champions for five years, and in 1999 his likeness was reproduced as a Breyer horse model. In turn, his son, Desperado V (× Daraska by Dar) became a leading sire of champions. In 2004 and 2005, Desperado V was ranked the leading Arabian sire by the United States Equestrian Federation (USEF), and was second in 2008 and 2009. By 2009, Desperado V had sired 75 national winners. In addition, another Huckleberry Bey son, Bravado Bey V (× Bachista V) was USEF's 10th-ranked leading Arabian sire in 2008. In 2010, of the top 25 leading sires of winning Arabian dressage horses since 1960, Desperado V was ranked number 2 (following Khemosabi), Bey Shah was number 4, Huckleberry Bey was tied for fifth, and Barbary was also on the list, in addition to five other grandsons of Bay El Bey. Over the years, she made use of outside bloodlines. She leased the young, then unproven stallion Khemosabi for his first breeding season in 1969. She also made use of horses owned by other ranches, such as the Polish import Bask, whom she linebred to his 3/4 sister, Varian's Polish import Bachantka, producing another significant foundation mare, Balalinka, dam of Barbary. In 2002, requiring an outcross stallion not closely related to her own horses, she purchased the Brazilian-foaled Jullyen El Jamaal, who has bloodlines not previously incorporated into the Varian program, as well as a line tracing back to Bay el Bey via Bey Shah. Varian continued to seek performance ability in her mares; in the Varian program, every mare is trained under saddle and must prove suitable as a riding animal. Varian did not originally work her ranch name into the names of her horses, but today all Varian-bred horses have a registered name suffixed with the capital letter "V". The Varian ranch also acknowledges the importance of the mares by using the first letter of each mare's name to start the name of their foals. Varian-bred horses are freeze branded with the Varian "V" logo. Training philosophy and vaquero tradition Vaqueros were the horsemen and cattle herders of Spanish Mexico, who first came to California with the Jesuit priest Eusebio Kino in 1687, with two expeditions in 1769, and the Juan de Anza expedition in 1774. They were the first cowboys in the region. She learned horse training methods that derived from this tradition. In her teens, she was mentored in horsemanship by Morgan horse breeder and cattle rancher Mary "Sid" Spencer. The Spencer property, called Forsyth Ranch, was near Arroyo Grande on land that is now under Lopez Lake. Spencer helped Varian learn the underlying principles of training and riding horses, how to work cattle in the mountains, and introduced her to vaquero training methods. Spencer also did all of her own ranch work including shoeing, gelding, horse training, baling hay, and truck repairs. She learned how to handle well-trained horses by riding one of the Spencer family's finished Morgans, a gelding named Little Horse. With Spencer's help, she also learned to recognize correct conformation and balance in horses. After learning traditional vaquero methods of training from Spencer and others, Varian modified her training methods in her twenties, after meeting Tom Dorrance. He introduced her to his "soft approach" of working with horses, and his methods were an additional influence on Varian's training philosophy. Varian utilized vaquero-influenced methods in training her horses, but believed that modern well-bred horses need a gentler approach, stating, "All good horses, like smart children, need good instruction, but they don't need harsh instruction." Varian was one of a very few experts in the 21st century who was still teaching about vaquero equipment, methods, and history. She had a strong interest in the history of the spade bit horse in California. The spade is an elaborate, complex bit that can only be properly used on a highly trained horse handled by a skilled rider. In the vaquero tradition, its use represents the highest level of trust and communication between horse and rider. The process of training the spade bit horse takes five to seven years to complete. Its emphasis has always been on producing a finely tuned working horse and partner, emphasizing quality rather than on how quickly the goal is reached. The conformation of the horse is also a factor; to become a spade bit horse, the animal must be bred to have a higher neck set and well-carried head. Varian compared the ride and handling of a horse trained in this manner to that of a Jaguar automobile. Traditionally, the vaquero method starts a young horse using a hackamore, which is headgear that uses a heavy rawhide noseband, called a bosal instead of a bit to control the horse. As the horse gains skill with a rider, it moves to lighter bosals, and next into a transitional period in its training; carrying a bridle with a type of curb bit called a "half breed" which is a modified spade bit worn in conjunction with a light bosal. The rider carries two sets of reins, one set on the bosal and one on the curb, giving this gear its name, the "two-rein." After several years in a two-rein, the horse graduates into the spade bit. Varian departed slightly from tradition. She started young horses under saddle at the age of three, beginning with a bridle and a snaffle bit because it sends clearer signals to a young horse, particularly one of sensitive disposition. She then introduced the traditional hackamore, and, after a couple of months to transition between the hackamore and the snaffle, began teaching neck reining, which allows a horse to be ridden one-handed. After a year or two, when the horse became light in the hackamore, she introduced the young horse to the two-rein, using a light bosal with either a "half-breed" or a low-port curb bit. Once the horse understood the bit, the bosal was removed and the horse was ridden in just the curb bit for a while until ready to go into the full spade bit, at which point the horse went back into the two-rein when the spade is first introduced. She introduced horses to the spade bit at the age of seven or eight, if they had suitable conformation and temperament to carry it. When she selected and fully trained a spade bit horse for her own personal use, that particular horse stayed with her for life and was never sold. Varian considered Arabians the most "people-oriented" of any horse breed. "No other horse will leave his food to come and see you." Noting that they are a "hot-blooded" breed, she viewed them as sensitive horses that will not tolerate harsh handling, but strongly disagreed with those who considered Arabians to be too high-spirited to be good trail horses. She emphasized teaching horses to have good manners. She roped off of her horses and took them into the mountains. She viewed Arabians as requiring a smart and gentle approach. She advocated for trainers who used the methods of master horsemen such as Ray Hunt and Tom Dorrance, with Dorrance's philosophy being especially suitable for Arabians. She considered the breed to be inherently gentle, and pointed out that any horse can become "hot" if they are kept in a stall 24 hours a day, fed a lot of grain, and never ridden. Varian explained the nature of Arabian horses by analogy, comparing them to precocious children who show their ability with delight, but cannot be bullied or pushed around. Legacy and awards The Varian Arabian Ranch has been ranked multiple times as one of the leading Arabian breeders of winning horses by the United States Equestrian Federation (USEF), which since 2004 has ranked breeders based on points earned by horses shown in sanctioned USEF competitions. The ranch was first in calendar year 2008, and in the top ten from 2006 through 2010. In 2013, the Varian breeding program was ranked by Arabian Horse World magazine as the all time number one breeder of both English-type and Western-type Arabian horses. Sheila Varian as an individual was honored by the USEF with the 2001 Ellen Scripps Davis Memorial Breeders' Cup, awarded to an individual who consistently breeds outstanding show horses. Within the Arabian industry itself, Varian was honored in 2005 with the Arabian Breeders Association's lifetime achievement award, and was the Arabian Professional & Amateur Horseman's Association 2009 Breeder of the Year. Varian was inducted into the Cowgirl Hall of Fame in 2003. She was honored for both her contributions as a horse breeder and as a trainer, but the honor represented, in many ways, her roots in the vaquero tradition. Other inductees that year included western artist Glenna Goodacre; musician, artist, cowboy poet and pickup rider Ann Secrest Hanson; and classic cowgirl trick rider and barrel racer Velda Tindall Smith (1908–1990). In November 2015, Varian announced that she would be working with the California Rangeland Trust to place her ranch into a conservation easement to protect it from development. She had begun the project with the intent that her longtime ranch manager, Angela Alvarez, would operate the horse breeding program after Varian was no longer able to do so, and then once Alvarez was no longer able to run the ranch, the property would be gifted to the Trust to be sold, the conservation easement running with the land, and attempts made to find a buyer that would also be interested in maintaining the Arabian horse breeding program. Varian was diagnosed with ovarian cancer in 2013 and died on March 6, 2016, at the age of 78. At news of her death, the web site for the California Rangeland Trust crashed due to the high amount of web traffic, necessitating supporters of the trust to set up a backup crowdfunding site for donations to the conservation effort. See also Russell and Sigurd Varian, uncles of Sheila Varian John Osborne Varian, grandfather of Sheila Varian Notes References Citations Bibliography External links Thwaites, Jeanne. "Sid Spencer". Full excerpt of section on Spencer from Horses in the West, footnoted above. 1937 births 2016 deaths Arabian breeders and trainers Horse farms in the United States People from San Luis Obispo County, California Sheila Western horse trainers Deaths from ovarian cancer Deaths from cancer in California Cowgirl Hall of Fame inductees

Whitesands or White Sands is a village on the island of Tanna in Vanuatu. Located on the southeast side of the island near Sulphur Bay, the area is a center of the indigenous Whitesands language and the John Frum cargo cult. It is a growing tourist destination. Populated places in Vanuatu Tafea Province

Beverley McArthur (; born 10 September 1949) is an Australian politician. She has been a Liberal Party member of the Victorian Legislative Council since 2018, representing Western Victoria Region. Early life and education McArthur was born in Terang and raised on a rural property near Tylden, attending Tylden Primary School and Clyde School at Mount Macedon. She moved to London for five years after finishing high school, before returning to Australia and commencing a social science degree at the Bendigo College of Advanced Education. She was a staffer for federal MP Stewart McArthur following his 1983 election, and married McArthur in 1985. They later operated a beef farm near Camperdown for many years. She joined the Liberal Party in her early twenties. She was the Bendigo federal electorate chairperson and was elected to the party's state administrative committee 1982. She unsuccessfully stood for the state presidency in 1992 after Michael Kroger's resignation, but was defeated by Ted Baillieu. She later served as a long-time country female state vice-president of the Liberal Party. Parliamentary career Bev McArthur won Liberal preselection for the 2018 state election as a late replacement for Simon Ramsay, who abruptly retired due to drink-driving charges. She had previously been touted as a likely preselection candidate for the Australian Senate in 2019. During her time in the Victorian Parliament, Bev McArthur has strongly advocated for increased hazard reduction burning on public land, in accordance with recommendations from the 2009 Victorian Bushfires Royal Commission. She is a proponent of the meat industry, fishing, hunting, duck shooting and horse racing. In 2019, she warned against labelling climate change an 'emergency', likening the push to the boy who cried wolf and asking, "What happens when there is a genuine emergency like a terrorist attack, raging bush or urban fire, extreme weather events like cyclones and floods and power blackouts which threaten lives? Will anyone take notice of these emergencies?" Bev McArthur has called for testing of the driving ability of foreign tourists, due to their involvement in 20% of crashes along the Great Ocean Road. In response, Premier Daniel Andrews labelled her comments "culturally inappropriate". In 2021, she crossed the floor to vote against the Change or Suppression (Conversion) Practices Prohibition Bill 2020, which banned practices that intended to change individuals' sexual or gender identity. In her speech on the legislation, Mrs McArthur said: This is not about electric shocks. This is about free individuals seeking advice on deeply personal matters that have irreversible and life-changing consequences. Individuals should be free to seek counselling, advice or care on any matter that they see fit without the interference of government. She is opposed to the Voice to Parliament. In May 2023 McArthur said Indigenous people should be grateful for the “wonderful things that have been enabled via colonisation” such as hospitals, running water and electricity. References 1949 births Living people Liberal Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Victoria Members of the Victorian Legislative Council Women members of the Victorian Legislative Council 21st-century Australian politicians 21st-century Australian women politicians

Andrew McNair is best known for being the custodian who served the Continental Congress. A member of the Masonic Order, he served as official ringer of the Liberty Bell from 1759 to 1776, and he likely rang it to announce independence, on July 8, 1776 (the announcement was delayed four days to allow the Declaration of Independence to be printed). His services were terminated September 15, 1776, upon his death. There are no records of where he was buried. The records of the American Philosophical Society record that on March 22, 1768, the Society contracted McNair to make the fires, light and extinguish candles, and keep its meeting room clean, for four shillings a night. McNair was played in the play and movie 1776 by William Duell. In his poem, "The Liberty Bell," Charles Brockden Brown describes McNair, not by name as follows: Far aloft in that high steeple, Sat the bellman, old and gray. He was weary of the tyrant And his iron-sceptered way. In 2006, McNair's descendant, Edward McNair, offered a ring on eBay made from metal Andrew McNair had supposedly broken from the Liberty Bell (with a "buy it now" price of $75,000). After the chief caretaker of the Bell opined that Andrew McNair could not have done so, the ring was withdrawn from sale. References 18th-century American people Bellringers People from Philadelphia People of Pennsylvania in the American Revolution

Wong Chung (17 July 1880 - 25 July 1963) was an American film actor. He began with the Asia Film Company, and he appeared in Tou Shaoya and Stealing a Roast Duck (1909), both directed by Leung Siu-bo. He appeared in Barbary Coast (1935), in which he was the only Asian actor listed in the opening credits, unlike the Asian actors from the period. Filmography References External links 1880 births 1963 deaths American male film actors 20th-century American male actors American male actors of Chinese descent

Lymphoepithelioma is a type of poorly differentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma characterized by prominent infiltration of lymphocytes in the area involved by tumor. Lymphoepithelioma is also known as "class III nasopharyngeal carcinoma" in the WHO classification system. It has a high tendency to metastasize and is responsive to radiotherapy. Most cases are associated with Epstein–Barr virus infection. Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinomas are carcinomas that arise outside of the nasopharynx, but resemble a lymphoepithelioma histologically. Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinomas may be found in almost any epithelial organ, including the lung, thymus, breast, colon, endometrium, prostate, and skin, as well as urinary bladder, trachea, esophagus, stomach, salivary glands, vulva. History Lymphoepithelioma may also be referred to as Schmincke–Regaud tumor, after the German pathologist Alexander Schminke and French radiologist Claude Regaud. References External links Carcinoma Histopathology Epstein–Barr virus–associated diseases

Luche reduction is the selective organic reduction of α,β-unsaturated ketones to allylic alcohols with sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and lanthanide chlorides, mainly cerium(III) chloride (CeCl3), in methanol or ethanol. The Luche reduction can be conducted chemoselectively toward ketone in the presence of aldehydes or towards α,β-unsaturated ketones in the presence of a non-conjugated ketone. An enone forms an allylic alcohol in a 1,2-addition, and the competing conjugate 1,4-addition is suppressed. The selectivity can be explained in terms of the HSAB theory: carbonyl groups require hard nucleophiles for 1,2-addition. The hardness of the borohydride is increased by replacing hydride groups with alkoxide groups, a reaction catalyzed by the cerium salt by increasing the electrophilicity of the carbonyl group. This is selective for ketones because they are more Lewis basic. In one application, a ketone is selectively reduced in the presence of an aldehyde. Actually, in the presence of methanol as solvent, the aldehyde forms a methoxy acetal that is inactive in the reducing conditions. References Organic reduction reactions Organic redox reactions Name reactions

Zachariah (Zacharie) Cicott (Cicotte, or Sicotte as it is usually written today) (1781-1850) was a French-Canadian trader and is believed to have been the first white settler to live permanently in what became Warren County, Indiana. He was the great-great grandson of Jean Baptiste I Chiquot (or Cicot, Sicotte/Cicotte), who was born in France and immigrated to New France in 1662. He was the third child of twelve born to Jean Baptiste Cicotte and Angelica Poupard. His birthdate is disputed, ranging from 1775 to 1781. Brothers and sisters include older sisters Angelique and Agathe and younger siblings Joseph, Theresa, John Baptiste, James, Francis Assisi, Francois Xavier, Louis, Marianna and George. His grandfather, Zacharie, was an only child. His great grandfather was Jean Baptiste II Sicotte, the only son of the original Sicotte/Cicotte to come to North America. Around 1802, Cicott arrived in the area to trade with the local Indians up and down the Wabash River. He was successful and became wealthy. He married a Potawotomie woman and they had two children, John Battiece and Sophia. Shortly before the War of 1812, General William Henry Harrison at Vincennes directed Cicott to join him there to act as an army scout since he was very familiar with the area. He left Warren County immediately and went down the river, returning later with the army and passing back through Warren County to reach Tippecanoe County where the Battle of Tippecanoe took place on November 7, 1811. Around 1816, after the war was over, Cicott resumed his trading on the Wabash. In 1817 he built a log house which became a rendezvous for travelers and settlers, and in 1832 he platted the town of Independence, Indiana and lived there until his death in 1850; he was buried in the town cemetery. For some years before his death he was partially paralyzed, probably from a stroke, and had difficulty speaking. As of 1883 the log house still stood, though it was badly deteriorated. Cicott Park, located at Independence, was established in 1993 and contains the site of his home and trading post. References People from Warren County, Indiana 1781 births 1850 deaths

Ben Laughlin may refer to: Ben Laughlin (cricketer) (born 1982), Australian international cricketer Ben Laughlin (ten-pin bowler), professional bowler Ben Laughlin (baseball), 19th century professional baseball player

Lothar Engelhardt (5 July 1939 – 5 April 2010) was a graduated military scientist, Major General, and the last Commander in Chief of the National People's Army in the former German Democratic Republic. Biography Lothar Engelhardt was born on 5 July 1939 in Wangenheim, district of Gotha, as son of a farmer's family. He successfully passed the school-leaving examination of the secondary school and joined the Guard Regiment Hugo Eberlein of the National People's Army in 1959. There he became a professional soldier and applied in 1959 for the attendance of the Armord Corp's Officers School in Großenhain. After successful graduation in 1961 he became a professional officer and served as platoon leader in the 15th Armord Regiment () of the 7th Panzer Division. In this military unit he became also a member of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany. Due to his permanent excellent performance Engelhardt was delegated to the Officer Higher Special School of the Ministry of National Defence (East Germany) (MOD East Germany) from 1962 to 1964, in order to receive combat reconnaissance training. After he passed successfully this course, he served in the reconnaissance division of the MOD East Germany until 1966. This was followed by an assignment as company chief in the Reconnaissance Battalion 7 of the 7th Panzer Division. Because he performed in this unit excellent as well, he was delegated to high-school study on the Military University of the Armord Corps in Moscow (Soviet Union) from 1970 to 1973. After successful graduation in military science (de: Diplommilitärwissenschaftler, Dipl.-Mil.) he served until 1976 as senior officer for reconnaissance in the Military District Command III (Leipzig). During this tour of duty he was promoted to lieutenant colonel, attended diverse special courses, among other France language courses on the National People's Army's Foreign Language Institute in Naumburg. Than he was appointed from 1978 to 1980 as chief of the Troop Reconnaissance Section (de: Unterabteilung Truppenaufklärung) subordinated to the Chief of Reconnaissance in the Department/Ground Forces Command in Potsdam (Gelto). This was followed by an assignment now as Chief of Reconnaissance of the Military District Command V (Neubrandenburg). Hereafter Engelhardt was assigned to the command and general staff officers course to the General Staff Academy (Russia) from 1982 to 1984. After successful study colonel Engelhard was assigned as Chief of the Reconnaissance Reconnaissance Department of the Ground Forces Command. On this position he served until 1987. On 1 March 1988 he was designed to major general and became the Deputy Chief of Staff for Operative, and little after Deputy Commander in Chief and Chief of Staff in the Ground Forces Command. On 15 September 1990 he was designed to the Commander in Chief of the National People's Army in the new East German Ministry of Disarmament and Defense. Retirement With the disbandment of the National People's Army major general Engelhardt retired with effect from 2 October 1990. Upon the reunification of Germany on 3 October 1990, Engelhardt was selected to serve as a civilian advisor with the Bundeswehr-Kommando Ost commanded by Lieutenant General Jörg Schönbohm. He was appointed advisor to the Bundeswehr liaison group headed by major general Hartmut Foertsch to the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany (Army General Boris Wassiljewitsch Snetkow; replaced by Colonel General Matwei Prokopjewitsch Burlakow on 13 December 1990). Additionally, Engelhardt was responsible for all general questions relating to the former National People's Army. Orders and decorations Among numerous orders and decorations major general Lothar Engelhardt was awarded with: Order of Struggle “for Merit to the People and Fatherland” in Silver (Kampforden "Für Verdienste um Volk und Vaterland) Medal of Merit of the German Democratic Republic (Verdienstmedaille der DDR) Medal of Merit of the National People's Army in Gold Medal Brotherhood in Arms Medal 30th Anniversary of the Foundation of the GDR (Medaille 30. Jahrestag der Gründung der DDR) Medal for Faithful Service in the National People's Army in Bronze, Silver, Gold, and 20 years service (Gold) Sources, references Schönbohm, Jörg. Two Armies and One Fatherland. Peter and Elfi Johnson, translators. Berghahn Books, Providence, Rhode Island, 1996 (originally published in 1992 in Germany as Zwei Armeen und ein Vaterland) 1939 births 2010 deaths Major generals of the National People's Army (Ground Forces) Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union alumni

Colgate University is a private liberal arts college in Hamilton, New York. The college was founded in 1819 as the Baptist Education Society of the State of New York and operated under that name until 1823, when it was renamed Hamilton Theological and Literary Institution, often called Hamilton College (1823–1846), then Madison College (1846–1890), and its present name since 1890. Colgate University is among the 100 most selective colleges and universities in the United States, and is considered a Hidden Ivy as well as one of the Little Ivies. Colgate now enrolls approximately 3,200 students in 56 undergraduate majors that culminate in a Bachelor of Arts degree. The student body is 54% female and 46% male students who participate in over 200 clubs and organizations. While Colgate offers almost an entirely undergraduate program, it also has a small graduate program in Master of Arts in Teaching. The college competes in NCAA Division I sports and is part of the Patriot League athletic conference. History In 1817, the Baptist Education Society of the State of New York was founded by thirteen men (six clergymen and seven laymen). Two years later, in 1819, the state granted the school's charter, and the school opened a year later, in 1820. The first classes were held in a building in the town of Hamilton. Three years later, in 1823, the Baptist Theological Seminary at New York City incorporated with the Baptist Education Society and subsequently changed its name to the Hamilton Literary & Theological Institution. Among the trustees was William Colgate, founder of the Colgate Company. In 1826, the school's trustees bought farmland that later became the focal point of the campus, known as 'The Hill'. One year later, the current students and faculty of the school built West Hall, by using stone taken from a quarry found on the land. Originally called West Edifice before being renamed to West Hall, it is the oldest structure on campus. On March 26, 1846, the State of New York granted a college charter to Hamilton's Collegiate Department; in the two years prior to that, at the request of Hamilton trustees, degrees of forty-five Bachelor's students and at least one Master's candidate were awarded by Columbian College in Washington, D.C. (now the George Washington University), a fellow Baptist institution. In 1846, the school changed its name to Madison University. In 1850, the Baptist Education Society planned to move the university to Rochester, but was halted by legal action. Dissenting trustees, faculty, and students founded the University of Rochester. Another group of Baptist dissenters, calling for an end to racial and gender discrimination, had founded New-York Central College in 1849. In 1890, Madison University changed its name to Colgate University in recognition of the family and its gifts to the school. James B. Colgate, one of William Colgate's sons, established a $1 million endowment called the Dodge Memorial Fund. In 1912 Colgate Academy, a preparatory school and high school that had operated in Hamilton since the early 1800s, was closed and its facility became Colgate University's administration building. During World War II, Colgate University was one of 131 colleges and universities nationally that took part in the V-12 Navy College Training Program which offered students a path to a Navy commission. Beginning with undergraduate students admitted in 2022, Colgate plans to be fully tuition-free for students from families making $80,000 or less, cost between 5 and 10% of income for families making between $80,000 and $150,000, and meet 100% of demonstrated need for students from families making more than $150,000. Coeducation At its inception, the institution was an all-male institution but started to see female students attend in a limited capacity as early as the mid-1800s when Emily Taylor, daughter of then-president Stephen W. Taylor (1851–56), attended her father's moral philosophy class. The institution's first full-time female student was Mabel Dart (later Colegrove), who participated in classes from 1878 to 1882. At the time, university officials deemed it best that a female student not be embarrassed by graduating from an all-male college, and made arrangements for Dart to officially receive her degree from then all-female Vassar College. In the ensuing years, additional female students participated in courses, including faculty spouses and the wives of enrolled veterans in the post-WWII era. Colgate became fully coeducational in 1970. President Cutten's controversial legacies The national monument at Ellis Island displays a statement by Colgate's eighth President, George Barton Cutten, which has been criticized for its jingoistic anti-immigration sentiment. He warned, "The danger [that] the 'melting pot' brings to the nation is the breeding out of the higher divisions of the white race." While Cutten's legacy has been marred by the espousal of racist beliefs, the contributions he made to developing the prestige and facilities of Colgate were significant. Student protests in 2006 around campus facilities bearing Cutten's name became emblematic of the division surrounding how modern American universities should broker their own history with racism, foreshadowing future controversies in the mid-2010s at universities such as Yale University and Harvard University. Colgate removed the Cutten name from a residential complex located between Whitnall Field and Huntington Gym in 2017. Each of the four houses that compose the building—Brigham, Shepardson, Read, and Whitnall—is now known by its existing name and street address, 113 Broad Street. Campus Colgate University is located in the rural village of Hamilton Village, Hamilton, New York. The campus is situated on of land. The university owns an additional of undeveloped forested lands. Colgate's first building, West Hall, was built by students and faculty from stones from Colgate's own rock quarry. Nearly all the buildings on campus are built of stone, and newer buildings are built with materials that fit the style. Old Biology Hall was built in 1884 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. The principal campus plan was created by Ernest W. Bowditch in 1891–1893, drawing on earlier recommendations by Frederick Law Olmsted. Probably the most distinctive building on campus is Colgate Memorial Chapel, which was built in 1918 and is used for lectures, performances, concerts, and religious services. Most of the campus's heat is generated from a wood boiler which burns wood chips, a renewable resource. Almost all of Colgate's electricity comes from a hydroelectric dam at Niagara Falls; the rest comes from nuclear sources. The campus also has a Green Bikes program with over two dozen bikes that are loaned out in an effort to encourage students to rely less on cars. Colgate Dining Services currently provides organic rice, beans, and other dry foods, and is working to offer more local foods options. Dining Services take-out containers are also made from natural materials, and are compostable. "On August 13, Colgate received a perfect sustainability score from the Princeton Review. As a result, it was recognized as one of only 24 schools (out of 861 evaluated) to make their Green Honor Roll. Outreach Colgate founded the Upstate Institute in 2003. The institute was created to connect the Colgate community to its surrounding region, as well as to give back and help economically and socially sustain the area. Currently, they do research on counties in the area, as well as support outreach and volunteer organizations. Colgate was an initial sponsor of Partnership for Community Development, a local nonprofit organization which seeks to support the community through the revitalization of buildings and small business development. Longyear Museum of Anthropology The Longyear Museum of Anthropology is part of the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at Colgate University. The Longyear Museum exhibition gallery is centrally located in Alumni Hall on campus. Picker Art Gallery The Picker Art Gallery is a fine arts museum that is housed in the Dana Arts Center at Colgate University in Hamilton, New York. It was named after Evelyn Picker, class of '36 and trustee emeritus, and opened in 1969. The Museum houses 11,000-some art objects in its permanent collections. Highlights include old master paintings from Europe, woodblock prints from China and Japan, and a series of original photographs from famed Soviet wartime photographer Yevgeny Khaldei. Since 2013, there have been plans to move the Picker collection to a new facility, which Colgate University has named the Center for Art and Culture. Exhibitions In 2013, the Picker Art Museum launched an online campaign to display works as a digital exhibition, their first being "Selected Old Masters From the Picker Art Gallery". Other than this online gallery, all exhibition, and educational programs have been temporarily ceased due to the university's thorough assessment of the works in anticipation for the move to the new Center for Arts and Culture. Academic journal Colgate University edits and publishes an international academic journal entitled Medieval & Renaissance Drama in England. It was founded in 1984 and publishes academic content related to the study of drama prior to 1642. It is part of the English Department. This journal is also indexed and available on JSTOR. Academics Colgate offers 56 undergraduate majors leading to a Bachelor of Arts degree, all of which are registered officially with the New York State Department of Education. The university also has a small Master of Arts in Teaching degree program, which graduates 3–7 students each year. Its most popular undergraduate majors, by 2021 graduates, were: Econometrics and Quantitative Economics (76) Political Science and Government (65) English Language and Literature (44) Research and Experimental Psychology (43) Biology/Biological Sciences (41) Computer Science (35) In addition to regular campus courses, the university offers 22 semester-long off-campus study groups each year, including programs in Australia, China, Japan, India, several Western European countries, Washington, D.C., and the National Institutes of Health. Admissions For the class of 2026 (entering fall 2022), 21,261 students applied, 2,264 (12%) were admitted, and 841 matriculated. Enrolled students had an average high school GPA of 3.95 out of 4.0, with 72% of students in the top 10% of their class and 91% in top 20%. The middle 50% SAT range was 1460 to 1540, while the ACT composite range was 32 to 35. The university met 100% of the demonstrated need with financial aid. For the admitted students with a total family income of under $125,000, Colgate offers financial aid package that involves no loan. Rankings In its 2020 edition, U.S. News & World Report ranked Colgate tied as the 17th-best liberal arts college in the country, 17th "Best Value School", and tied for 35th "Best Undergraduate Teaching". The university's campus was ranked as the most beautiful by The Princeton Review in their 2010 edition. In July 2008, Colgate was named fifth on Forbes' list of Top Colleges for Getting Rich, the only non-Ivy League college in the top 5. Colgate is listed as one of America's 25 "New Ivies" by Newsweek magazine. It is also on the list of "100 best campuses for LGBT students." Colgate has been ranked third by The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education for its success in integrating African-American students. In 2014, Colgate was ranked the top college in the United States by Payscale and CollegeNet's Social Mobility Index college rankings. It is also listed as one of 30 Hidden Ivies and as one of Newsweek "New Ivies". In 2014, Princeton Review ranked Colgate as the Most Beautiful Campus in America. Administration On July 1, 2016 Brian Casey began serving as Colgate's 17th president. Board of trustees Colgate is governed by a board of trustees composed of 35 members: 31 alumni, three parents of students, and the current president. As of December 31, 2022, Colgate's endowment was $1.19 billion. Student life Housing and student life facilities Colgate has ten residence halls located on its central campus, which is often referred to as "up the hill." Located near the academic buildings, freshmen live in six of these halls, whereas sophomores live in the other three, or in townhouses or one house on Broad Street. Juniors and seniors live down the hill in a number of residences, such as theme houses on Broad Street, apartment complexes or in "townhouses" located further away from campus. Themed houses are available for students who want to explore their interests. The Creative Arts house is geared toward creative students; Asia House is for students with interests in Asian culture. Although the university provides housing for students all four years, students can apply for off-campus housing, of which only 250 are granted the privilege through a lottery. Students involved in Greek life have the option of living in their organization's house, though they cannot do so until their junior year. Colgate has three dining facilities on campus that are run by Colgate Dining Services, which in turn is run by Chartwells. There is also a cafe located in Case Library that serves coffee. The O'Connor Campus Center, commonly referred to as the Coop, serves as the center for student life and programming. Renovations on it were completed in 2004, and it now houses the offices for student organizations, a cafeteria, post office, printing center, a computer facility, as well as the new Blackmore Media Center, home to WRCU, Colgate's radio station. Fraternities and sororities Since the first chartered chapter in 1856, fraternities and sororities have been part of a long-standing tradition at Colgate University. About forty-five percent of sophomores, juniors, and seniors belong to fraternities or sororities at Colgate. Students are not allowed to pledge until the fall semester of their sophomore year. , there are five fraternities (Beta Theta Pi, Delta Upsilon, Theta Chi, Phi Delta Theta, and Phi Kappa Tau) and three sororities (Gamma Phi Beta, Delta Delta Delta, and Kappa Kappa Gamma) that are active on campus. Following a number of incidents related to fraternities and sororities on campus, in 2005, the university decided to purchase the Greek houses. All but one of them agreed to sell their houses. The hold-out, Delta Kappa Epsilon, was subsequently derecognized. Student groups Colgate has close to 200 student groups and organizations. Media WRCU is Colgate University's student-operated radio station, broadcasting throughout central New York on 90.1 FM, and the station was re-modeled in 2010. Colgate's student-run TV station, CUTV, broadcasts on the university's local cable system and provides a mix of student-created content and first-run movies 24 hours a day. The Colgate Maroon-News, is the oldest college weekly in America. The first student newspaper was the Hamilton Student, launched on November 2, 1846. Traditions The number 13 is considered to be lucky at Colgate. It is said that Colgate was founded by thirteen men with thirteen dollars, thirteen prayers and thirteen articles. This tradition is expressed in many ways. Colgate's address is 13 Oak Drive, and its zip code is 13346, which begins with 13 and ends with three digits that sum to 13. The Tredecim Senior Honor Society (formerly Konosioni) is composed of 13 men and 13 women. Alumni wear Colgate apparel on every Friday the 13th, which is designated as Colgate Day. In 1936, the Colgate swim team made its first trip to Fort Lauderdale, Florida, for spring break training at the Casino Pool. This became a regular tradition for Colgate that caught on with other schools across the country and proved to be the genesis of the college spring break trip. Athletics Approximately 25% of students are involved in a varsity sport, and 80% of students are involved in some form of varsity, club, or intramural athletics. There are 25 varsity teams, over 30 club sports teams, and 18 different intramural sports. Colgate is part of NCAA Division I for all varsity sports. The football program competes within the Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS). The athletic teams are nicknamed the "Raiders," and the traditional team colors are maroon and white, with a more recent addition of gray in the 1970s. Maroon replaced orange as the school's primary color on March 24, 1900. Colgate is a member of the Patriot League for all varsity sports except for hockey, in which both its men's and women's teams are members of ECAC Hockey. Starting in 1932, Colgate athletics teams were called the "Red Raiders" in reference to the new maroon uniforms of that season's "undefeated, untied, unscored upon, and uninvited" football team, which was the first to use the moniker. Apocryphal explanations for the name include the team's ability to defeat its much larger rival, the Cornell University Big Red, or that a rainstorm caused one Colgate football team's maroon jerseys to blend into a reddish color. Regardless, after the adoption of a Native American mascot, the school debated changing the name and mascot in the 1970s out of sensitivity to Native Americans. At that time the nickname was retained, but the mascot was changed to a hand holding a torch. In 2001, the administration acknowledged concerns that the adjective "Red" still had a Native American implication, and the school shortened the nickname to the "Raiders" starting in the 2001–02 school year. A new mascot was introduced in 2006. Colgate University's football team was selected to share the 1932 national championship by Parke H. Davis in 1933 and appeared in the Associated Press top-level polls in 1942 and 1977. The 1932 team was "unbeaten, untied, unscored upon, and uninvited", as it registered shutouts against all nine opponents, but was not invited to the 1933 Rose Bowl. Colgate began playing in NCAA Division I-AA, now known as Division I FCS, in 1982 and made the Division I-AA (now FCS) football playoffs in 1982, 1983, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2012, 2015 and, most recently, 2018. In the 2003 season, the Raiders made it to the NCAA I-AA championship game in football for the first time, where they lost to the University of Delaware. At the end of the season, their record was 15–1. At the time, they had the longest winning streak in all of Division I football, including one win over a Division I-A (now Division I FBS) team, Buffalo. Cornell is a common rival in all sports; hockey games against Cornell are major events on campus, with students lining up for hours before the game in order to secure tickets. Colgate's teams (with the exception of football, golf, and men's hockey) also compete annually against Syracuse University. Cornell and Syracuse are both within two hours of Colgate's campus. Colgate and Syracuse were once bitter rivals in football (there are some old traditions related to their games), but a variety of factors, including the splitting of Division I football into Division I FBS and Division I FCS in the late 1970s, helped end the annual game, with some exceptions (such as 2010) over the years. Outdoor education Colgate makes use of its rural location by having a full outdoor education program. A base camp is located on campus and allows students to rent equipment for skiing, camping, and other outdoor events. Each year, twelve to fifteen students are selected to become staffers for Outdoor Education. The training takes more than six months and includes a Wilderness First Responder certification. Incoming first-year students are offered a week-long trip called Wilderness Adventure, where they spend a week backpacking, canoeing, kayaking, tree climbing, caving or rock climbing in the Adirondacks. Alumni Colgate has more than 34,000 living alumni. , Colgate alumni have a median starting salary of $53,700 and have a median mid-career salary of $119,000. Forbes ranks Colgate 16th in colleges that produce the highest-earning graduates. Among small schools, Colgate is the tenth-largest producer of alumni who go onto the Peace Corps. Some of the most notable alumni from the List of Colgate University people include: References External links Colgate University Athletics website Private universities and colleges in New York (state) Universities and colleges in Madison County, New York Liberal arts colleges in New York (state) 1819 establishments in New York (state) Educational institutions established in 1819

Bùi Quang Huy (born January 5, 1983) is a Vietnamese footballer, playing for club Vicem Hải Phòng as goalkeeper. He was a member of Vietnam national football team. Career Club Quang Huy came to football about late, not through any formal training. In 1998 (while he was in grade 11), Quang Huy went professional football after joining the youth team of Nam Định. However, with high fitness advantage with skills forged when he was playing at his country helped him to had a position the first-team squads a few months later. Quang Huy is one of the players talented in ages birth in 1980 of Nam Định. In 2005, after with the national team to attend the 2004 Tiger Cup in late last year, Huy was given the armband of Mikado Nam Định, leading players of the next generation stay in V-League in 5 seasons later. Quang Huy signed a term of 3 years with 30 million salaries/month with Xi măng Hải Phòng in pre-season period 2009-10. National team Quang Huy was first called up to Vietnam national football team preparing for 2004 Tiger Cup. In this competition, he was the reserve goalkeeper for Nguyễn Thế Anh. Then, he was called up to Vietnam national football team to preparing 2007 AFC Asian Cup and 2008 AFF Suzuki Cup, but in these two tournament, he was the reserve goalkeeper for Dương Hồng Sơn. Honours Vietnam national football team 2007 ASEAN Football Championship: Third-place 2008 AFF Suzuki Cup: Champion Mikado Nam Định 2003 V-League: Third-place 2004 V-League: Runner-up 2007 Vietnamese Cup: Champion Vicem Hải Phòng 2010 V-League: Runner-up References External links 1982 births Living people Vietnamese men's footballers Men's association football goalkeepers Vietnam men's international footballers 2007 AFC Asian Cup players Footballers at the 2002 Asian Games Asian Games competitors for Vietnam Nam Định F.C. players Vissai Ninh Bình FC players Haiphong FC players V.League 1 players People from Thái Bình province

Keith Bradley Gordon (born January 22, 1969) is a former professional baseball player. He appeared in three games for the Cincinnati Reds of Major League Baseball (MLB) in its 1993 season. Career Born in Bethesda, Maryland, Gordon attended Walter Johnson High School. After that, he graduated from Wright State University, where he played for the Wright State Raiders baseball team. He was drafted by the Cincinnati Reds in the second round of the 1990 amateur draft. His Major League debut came on July 9, 1993, against the Pittsburgh Pirates. He went 1 for 4 in the game. Besides, Gordon played minor league baseball through the 2002 season. He has since moved back to Clarksburg, Maryland, and currently is the head coach of the Varsity baseball team at the Bullis School in Potomac, Maryland. In addition, he serves as a baseball, basketball, and swimming instructor. Gordon is married and has one child. Sources External links , or Retrosheet Pelota Binaria (Venezuelan Winter League) 1969 births Living people African-American baseball players American expatriate baseball players in Mexico Atlantic City Surf players Baseball players from Maryland Billings Mustangs players Bowie Baysox players Cardenales de Lara players American expatriate baseball players in Venezuela Cedar Rapids Reds players Charleston Wheelers players Chattanooga Lookouts players Cincinnati Reds players Indianapolis Indians players Langosteros de Cancún players Major League Baseball left fielders Mexican League baseball center fielders Mexican League baseball left fielders Nashua Pride players New Haven Ravens players New Jersey Jackals players Sportspeople from Bethesda, Maryland Rochester Red Wings players Saraperos de Saltillo players Wright State Raiders baseball players 21st-century African-American people 20th-century African-American sportspeople

Little Creek Hundred is a hundred in Kent County, Delaware, United States. Little Creek Hundred was formed in 1682 as one of the original Delaware Hundreds. Its primary community is Leipsic. Little Creek Hundred is one of two Delaware hundreds of the name, the other being Little Creek Hundred in Sussex County. References Hundreds in Kent County, Delaware

William F. Brown (29 November 1919, in Tampa, Florida – 6 September 2010, in Kennewick, Washington) was an American welding engineer, professional engineer and magnetic pulse welding expert. Life and career Brown was born in Tampa, Florida and grew up in the Blue Ash and St. Bernard suburbs of Cincinnati, Ohio. He graduated in Sycamore Union High School in 1939, where he excelled academically as well as having success in basketball and football. In high school, he also learned to play the game of golf. He enjoyed the sport immensely, spending weekends and summers caddying at the Kenwood Country Club in Cincinnati. He had the privilege to caddy for Sammy Snead and other golf legends during his years at the golf club. In 1937, Brown began working for Towsley Trucks, Inc., in the machine shop as a laborer. As he learned the skill of welding, he developed a passion for welding engineering and metallurgy. Due to his excellent work ethic, he was promoted to Superintendent in charge of the Metal and Welding Department. Towsley Trucks Inc. commended Bill for his honesty, integrity and his willingness to work under any and all conditions. Brown attended Ohio State University from 1951 and graduated in 1955 with two major accomplishments: he obtained a Bachelor of Science Degree in Welding Engineering and got awarded a Professional Engineering License. Brown excelled in academics and earned many scholarships during his university years, e.g. the 1954–55 Welding Engineering scholarship of $150 was awarded to him by the American Welding Society. He worked in the engineering lab and taught welding theory part-time. After graduation, Brown worked for General Electric (GE) in Cincinnati, Ohio, until he transferred to GE Hanford, on the Columbia River in Richland, Washington, in 1961. When GE spun off Hanford, he went to work for Battelle Northwest and finally for Westinghouse Hanford, both in Richland, Washington. Brown was a Fellow Engineer working at Westinghouse when he retired in 1989. At Westinghouse, he was responsible for the development of magnetic pulse welding machines. The magnetic pulse welding process was successful in producing welds within advanced stainless steel fuel pin rods for the Fast Flux Test Facility reactor. He later represented Westinghouse Hanford taking the magnetic pulse welding process to Japan, his last great accomplishment before retiring. Inventions Throughout his career, Brown was granted many patents and was recognized for many technical accomplishments: He co-invented a welding machine for automated closure of nuclear fuel pins by magnetic pulse welding, in which the open end of a length of cladding was positioned within a complementary tube surrounded by a magnetic pulse welding machine. Seals were provided at each end of the tube, which could be evacuated or receive tag gas for direct introduction to the cladding interior. Loading of magnetic rings and end caps was accomplished automatically in conjunction with the welding steps carried out within the tube. He co-invented an automated loading system for nuclear fuel elements with a gravity feed conveyor, which permitted individual fuel pins to roll along a constrained path perpendicular to their respective lengths. The individual lengths of fuel cladding were directed onto movable transports, where they were aligned coaxially with the axes of associated handling equipment at appropriate production stations. The fuel pins were inserted as a batch prior to welding of end caps. He co-invented an enlarged funnel, which was releasably mounted at the open end of a length of cladding by an encircling length of shrink tubing, which securely engages the outer surfaces of both the funnel and cladding. The shrink tubing overlapped an annular shoulder against which pulling force could be exerted to remove the tubing from the cladding. The shoulder could be provided on a separate collar or ring, or on the funnel itself. He also co-invented an automated welding machine for the closure of nuclear fuel pins by gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW also known as TIG welding), in which a rotating length of cladding was positioned adjacent to a welding electrode in a sealed enclosure. An independently movable axial grinder was provided in the enclosure for refurbishing the used electrode between welds. Family Brown married Mary Catherine Boring on 8 July 1944, whom he had met while they were both serving in the army during World War II, in which he was a welding instructor at the Aberdeen Proving Grounds in Maryland. In 1951, Bill and Mary moved to Columbus, Ohio and built up a family of five children. Societies Brown was a member of the American Society for Metals the American Welding Society and the American Nuclear Society. Patents and publications David W. Christiansen and William F. Brown: 'Automated closure system for nuclear reactor fuel assemblies', Patent Number: 4542267, Filing Date: 30 November 1982. David W. Christiansen, William F. Brown and Jim M. Steffen: 'Automated fuel pin loading system.' Patent Number: 4548347, Filing Date: 30 November 1982. David W. Christiansen, Jim M. Steffen, William F. Brown: 'Funnel for fuel pin loading system.' Patent Number: 4537741, Filing Date: 30 November 1982. David W. Christiansen, William F. Brown: 'Gas tungsten arc welder with electrode grinder.' Patent Number: 4480171, Filing Date: 30 November 1982. References and further information Obituary: William F. Brown Sr. Tri-City Herald serving Kennewick, Richland and Pasco, 9 September 2010. Ralph Schäfer, Pablo Pasquale and Stephan Kallee:The Electromagnetic Pulse Technology (EMPT): Forming, Welding, Crimping and Cutting John McGinley: Electromagnetic Pulse Technology as a Means of Joining Generation IV Cladding Material, Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering, ICONE17, 12–16 July 2009, Brussels, Belgium. 1919 births 2010 deaths American mechanical engineers People from Blue Ash, Ohio People from Hamilton County, Ohio People from Columbus, Ohio Engineers from Ohio

This is a list of fiction writers in Malayalam language. A - B Akbar Kakkattil (1954–) Anand (1936–) B. M. Suhara C - D C. Radhakrishnan (1939–) C. V. Balakrishnan (1952-) C. V. Raman Pillai (1858–1922) C. V. Sreeraman (1931–2007) Chandramathi (Chandrika Balan) (1954-) E - F E. Harikumar (1943–) E. V. Krishna Pillai (1894–1938) G - H G. R. Indugopan (1974–) George Onakkoor I - J Jose Panachippuram (1951–) Joy J. Kaimaparamban (1939–) K - L K. P. Ramanunni (1955–) K. Saraswathi Amma (1919–1975) K. Surendran (1921–1997) Kakkanadan (1935–) Kanam EJ (1926–1982) Karoor Neelakanta Pillai (1898–1975) Kottayam Pushpanath (1937–2018) Kovilan (1923–2010) Lajo Jose Lalithambika Antharjanam (1909–1987) Leela Devi (1932–1998) M - N N. Prabhakaran (1952–) M. Mukundan (1942–) M. Sukumaran (1943–) M. P. Narayana Pillai (1939–1998) M. T. Vasudevan Nair (1933–) Madampu Kunjukuttan (1941–) Madhavikkutti (Kamala Surayya) (1934–2009) Malayatoor Ramakrishnan (1927–1999) Maythil Radhakrishnan (1944–) Muttathu Varkey (1917–1989) Nalini Bekal (1954-) N. P. Mohammed (1929–2003) N. S. Madhavan (1948–) Nandanar (1926-1999) O - P O. Chandhu Menon (1847–1899) O. V. Vijayan (1931–2005) P. Ayyaneth (1928-2008) P. Kesavadev (1905–1983) P. Padmarajan (1945–1991) P. Surendran (1961–) P. Valsala (1938–) P. F. Mathews (1960-) P. C. Sanal Kumar (1949–) P. K. Balakrishnan (1926–1991) Pamman (1920–2007) Parappurath (1924–1981) Perumbadavam Sreedharan (1938–) Ponkunnam Varkey (1911–2004) Punathil Kunjabdulla (1940–2017) Q - R Raghunath Paleri Rajalakshmi (1930–1965) Rajesh Chithira S - T S. K. Pottekkatt (1913–1982) Sarah Joseph (1946–) Sethu (1942–) Sumangala (1934–) Thakazhi Sivasankara Pillai (1912–1999) T. Padmanabhan (1931–) T. V. Varkey (1938–) Thikkodiyan (1916–2001) T.V. Kochubava (1955-1999) U - V Unnikrishnan Puthoor (1933–) Uroob (1915–1979) V. Balakrishnan (1932–2004) Vaikom Chandrasekharan Nair (1920–2005) Vaikom Muhammad Basheer (1908–1994) Veloor Krishnankutty (1929–2003) Vengayil Kunhiraman Nayanar (1861–1914) Vilasini (1928–1993) VKN (1932–2004) W - Z Zacharia See also List of people from Kerala Malayalam-language writers Lists of people from Kerala

CJDV-FM is a Canadian radio station broadcasting at 107.5 FM in Kitchener, Ontario owned by Corus Entertainment. The station airs an active rock format branded on-air as 107.5 Dave Rocks. CJDV's studios are located at Sportsworld Crossing, while its transmitter is located near Franklin Boulevard and Sheldon Drive in Cambridge. History In 1954, Galt Broadcasting launched CKGR, 1110 AM, a daytimer. With an ownership change in 1956, the station adopted the new call sign CFTJ. In 1975, CFTJ moved to AM 1320, and CKKW in nearby Kitchener moved from 1320 to 1090. Concurrently with this change, CFTJ moved to 24-hour broadcasting. This was planned as a temporary move — with CFGM in Richmond Hill scheduled to move to the 1320 frequency in 1978, CFTJ moved again to AM 960 in 1977. In 1987, the station changed its call sign again, to CIAM, and was acquired by Kawartha Broadcasting. Kawartha became a division of Power Broadcasting in 1989. On June 25, 1997, the station was licensed by the CRTC to move to the FM band. It completed the move on May 25, 1998, launching on 92.9 FM with the new call sign CIZN-FM and a hot adult contemporary format branded as The Zone. In 2000, the station was purchased by its current owner, Corus Entertainment. Corus applied to the CRTC to move the station's frequency to 107.5 in 2002, due to the weak 92.9 signal impairing the station's financial stability. On February 14, 2003, the station received CRTC approval. CIZN left the air on July 20, 2003. On July 21, 2003, the station launched on 107.5 FM with its current call sign CJDV-FM and adopted a classic hits format known as 107.5 Dave FM, 80's, 90's, Anything We Feel Like. In 2006, the CRTC denied Corus's application to increase CJDV's average effective radiated power (ERP) from 2,500 watts to 6,800 watts. In certain regions of its market area, CJDV has experienced recurring co-channel interference from CKMB-FM in Barrie, Ontario which also operates at 107.5 MHz. On January 14, 2009, at 8 a.m., CJDV changed its format to mainstream rock and adopted a new slogan "Tri-Cities' Best Rock" but kept the "Dave FM" branding. On August 14, 2009, CJDV moved into a new broadcast facility with sister station CKBT-FM at 50 Sportsworld Crossing Road, Kitchener. As of April 2016, CJDV is branded as 107.5 Dave Rocks with an active rock format. References External links 107.5 Dave Rocks Jdv Jdv Jdv Radio stations established in 1954 1954 establishments in Ontario

Nnamdi Chinecherem Prosper (born 12 July 2002) is a Nigerian Javelin athlete. Career In 2021, Chinecherem won the bronze medal in the men's javelin throw event at the 2021 World Athletics U20 Championships in Nairobi Kenya. This record made him the first Nigerian athlete to win an award at a field medal since the last championship where Esther Aghatise won a medal in 2002. In 2022, he made up the list of athletics from Nigeria selected for the 2022 Commonwealth Games in Birmingham, England. He was one of the flagbearer alongside Folashade Oluwafemiayo during the opening ceremony of the Commonwealth Games. References 2002 births Living people Nigerian javelin throwers

8800 may refer to: The year 8800, in the 9th millennium. NVIDIA GeForce 8800, a computer graphics card series The Altair 8800, an early, experimental desktop-sized computer. Nokia 8800, a luxury mobile phone Intel iAPX 432, initially named the 8800

The 1933–34 Drexel Dragons men's basketball team represented Drexel Institute of Art, Science and Industry during the 1933–34 men's basketball season. The Dragons, led by 7th year head coach Walter Halas, played their home games at Curtis Hall Gym and were members of the Eastern Pennsylvania Collegiate Basketball League (EPCBL). Roster Schedule |- !colspan=9 style="background:#F8B800; color:#002663;"| Regular season |- References Drexel Dragons men's basketball seasons Drexel Drexel Dragons Men's Basketball Drexel Dragons Men's Basketball

Kyzylart Pass (; ) is a mountain pass and border crossing in the Trans-Alay Range on the border of Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. The highest point is 4,280 m (14,042 ft). The border checkpoint on the Kyrgyz side is Bor-Döbö. The area is typically rugged and dry. It is crossed by the Pamir Highway which leads south from Sary-Tash in the Alay Valley up onto the Pamir plateau toward Karakol Lake and Murghab, Tajikistan. In the late nineteenth century the Russians explored and eventually occupied the Pamir plateau. References Laurence Mitchell, Kyrgyzstan, Bradt travel guides, 2008 Robert Middleton and Huw Thomas, Tajikistan and the High Pamirs, Odyssey Books, 2008 Gallery Mountain passes of Tajikistan Mountain passes of Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan–Tajikistan border crossings Mountain passes of the Pamir

Jump Park is the ski jumping hills in the Muju Resort. It is located in Muju, South Korea. The ski jumping hills consist of a large hill with a K-point of 120, a normal hill with a K-point of 90, and two training hills. It hosted the ski jumping at the 1997 Winter Universiade. The latest events at the venue was the summer ski jumping held in September 2008. See also Muju Resort 1997 Winter Universiade List of ski areas and resorts in South Korea References External links Official website Ski jumping venues in South Korea Muju County Hills of South Korea

The Sebeș (also: Seviș, in its upper course also: Șteaza) is a right tributary of the river Cibin in Romania. Its source is in the Cindrel Mountains. It discharges into the Cibin in Șelimbăr, southeast of Sibiu. Its length is and its basin size is . Tributaries The following rivers are tributaries to the river Sebeș (from source to mouth): Left: - Right: Șanta, Valea Ploscarilor, Strâmba, Valea Caselor, Valea Stupului References Rivers of Romania Rivers of Sibiu County

Kang Kalan is a village in Shahkot in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located from Shahkot, from Nakodar, from district headquarter Jalandhar and from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India). Transport Shahkot Malisian station is the nearest train station. The village is away from domestic airport in Ludhiana and the nearest international airport is located in Chandigarh also Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport is the second nearest airport which is away in Amritsar. Partition Before partition of Indo-Pak, mainly arain families were living in this village, who mostly migrated to Faisalabad- Pakistan. A very notable family of "Baba Shah Deen & Baba Umer Deen" lived their lives in Chak No. 80 JB (Nanak Sar) https://goo.gl/maps/2AfFjmrDCsxu2QMk9] Faisalabad. Their family is still known in the area with the name of "Kangan Walai". References https://goo.gl/maps/2AfFjmrDCsxu2QMk9 Villages in Jalandhar district

Museum of Heart is an album by the American musician Dave Alvin, released in 1993. Alvin considered the album to be mainly in the soul blues style. He promoted Museum of Heart by touring with his band, the Guilty Men. Production The album was produced by Chris Silogyi, Bruce Bromberg, and Alvin; Bromberg encouraged Alvin to add more of a bluesy sound to his guitar work. Former Blaster Lee Allen played saxophone on some of the songs. Alvin worked on some of the songs for King of California during the same period. Syd Straw and Katy Moffatt contributed to the album. "Thirty Dollar Room" is about the touring life. "Burning in Water, Drowning in Flame" takes its title from a Charles Bukowski poetry collection. Critical reception Trouser Press wrote that Alvin's "comfortable within his narrow [vocal] range, letting his pithy songwriting carry the load." The Chicago Reader noted that "even the least of Alvin’s material is redeemed by his robust energy and expansive delivery." The Fort Worth Star-Telegram praised the "clear-headed meditations on lost romance." The Orlando Sentinel opined that "Alvin's rugged baritone is surprisingly effective on ballads." The Los Angeles Times concluded that "Alvin's lyrics convey the heartache and longing you hear in the voices of great country singers like George Jones but rarely find in their material anymore." AllMusic's Denise Sullivan wrote that "Alvin's vision falters slightly, as none of the songs here are as instantly likable or classic as on previous outings." Track listing All songs by Dave Alvin. "Museum of Heart" – 4:26 "Don't Talk About Her" – 4:59 "A Woman's Got a Right" – 4:58 "Between the Cracks" – 4:26 "Thirty Dollar Room" – 4:23 "The Devil's Wind" – 4:15 "Burning in Water, Drowning in Flame" – 3:09 "One Eye's Ballad" – 0:57 "Longer Than I Thought" – 5:05 "Six Nights a Week" – 3:40 "Stranger in Town" – 4:47 "As She Slowly Turns to Leave" – 5:26 "Florence Avenue Lullaby" – 1:16 Personnel Dave Alvin – vocals, guitar Don Falzone – bass Rick Solem – keyboards, background vocals Bobby Lloyd Hicks – drums Donald Lindley – drums Greg Leisz – guitar, mandolin, lap steel guitar Michael "Bami" Rose – tenor saxophone, baritone saxophone Lee Allen – tenor saxophone Leon Haywood – organ Stephen Hodges – congas, percussion, vibraphone John Logan – background vocals Syd Straw – background vocals Fontaine Brown – background vocals John Doe – background vocals Katy Moffatt – background vocals Production notes Charlie Bracco – engineer, mixing Chris Bellman – mastering Stephen Walker – design Beth Herzhaft – photography References Dave Alvin albums 1993 albums HighTone Records albums Soul blues albums

Henry Adrian Churchill CB (16 September 1828 – 12 July 1886) was an archaeological explorer of ancient Mesopotamia and a British diplomat who stopped much of the commercial slavery in Zanzibar and helped prevent a war between Zanzibar and Oman. Family and early life Churchill was born in Adrianople (modern day Edirne) in Turkish Thrace, the son of William Nosworthy Churchill. His second name was derived from his place of birth. His father was familiar with the Turkish language and the Ottoman Turkish script, having worked as a dragoman for the American Embassy in Constantinople (now Istanbul) and founded the first semi-official newspaper Ceride-i Havadis . His mother Beatrix (née Belhomme) was the daughter of a French merchant who had settled in Turkey. He married Maria Braniefska (b. Warsaw 1839? – d. Pará, Brazil 1905) with whom he had 7 children. Four of his five sons, Harry Lionel (1860–1924), Sidney John Alexander (1862–1921), William Algernon (1865–1947), and George Percy (1877-1973) followed him into the diplomatic service. Education In 1837, when aged nine, his father sent him to England to attend boarding schools in Ewell and then Kentish Town, where he learnt English and mathematics. In 1841 he went to Lycée Louis-le-Grand in Paris where he studied languages, mathematics, and art. In 1846 he returned to Constantinople aged 18. Career Turco-Persian Boundary Commission In 1848 at the age of 20 Churchill began his career in the service of the Crown by assisting the British Commission for the Delimitation of the Turco-Persian Boundary as part of the 1849–52 Turco-Persian Frontier Commission. While serving in the Frontier Commission, along with friend and fellow archaeologist William Loftus and a detachment of troops, he rode across the desert and marshes of Chaldaea from the Euphrates to the lower Tigris, observing remains as they went. During their travels Churchill made extensive detailed drawings and sketches, which were subsequently deposited in the British Museum and the Geological Society. From 1850-52 he was Secretary and Interpreter to the Commission, and in 1852 was appointed 3rd Paid Attaché in Teheran. Military service In 1854 at the age of 26 he was attached to the staff of Major General Sir William Fenwick Williams. He was able to speak and read Arabic and acted as translator to Colonel Atwell Lake. As Secretary and Interpreter on the Staff of the British Commissioner with the Turkish Army in Asia, he took part in the defence of Kars, and after its capitulation to General Mouravieff in November 1855 was for a time a prisoner of the Russians. Some of his contemporary sketches of Kars are held in the Victoria and Albert Museum. Diplomat In 1856 at the age of 28 he was appointed British Consul in Sarajevo, Bosnia (1856), Jassy, Romania (1858), then Consul-General in Moldavia (1859), Syria (1862), Algeria (1863), and Consul in Zanzibar (1865). During his time in Zanzibar he helped prevent a war by convincing Sultan Majid, the Sultan of Zanzibar, not to invade Oman. He also worked on anti-slavery issues with Sultan Majid who had consolidated his power around the East African slave trade, and stopped much of the commercial slavery then still occurring on Zanzibar. Unfortunately, the heavy workload and the adverse climate took a toll on his health and in September 1868 he sailed to Bombay but after reaching Somalia the ship was forced to return to Zanzibar, upon which Churchill found his health had improved and he continued his duties. However his recovery was short lived and in 1869 his Vice Consul and physician John Kirk advised him to leave for London for the sake of his health. Churchill's relationship with Sultan Majid became so close that upon his departure from Zanzibar he received a valuable diamond ring. Churchill returned briefly to Zanzibar and worked to keep the peace after Sultan Majid died in October 1870, then in November 1870 wrote to the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs advising that he had sent a reinforcement of seven men to Dr David Livingstone to replace seven men in his expedition who had died of cholera. He finally left Zanzibar in December 1870, leaving Kirk to undertake his duties. He was subsequently appointed Consul in Resht, Persia (1875), and Palermo (1879) where he died in office in 1886 aged 57. Artistic interests He was a proficient artist and an accomplished watercolourist. A younger brother William was also a proficient artist and while visiting him at the British Consulate in Zanzibar in the late 1860s captured a wide range of scenes and people of contemporary Zanzibar which were published in the Illustrated London News. Decorations Légion d'Honneur for the Crimean War 1856 Imperial Order of the Medjidie : Third Class 1857 Companion of the Order of the Bath 1857 References External links Portrait of Henry Adrian Churchill aged 32, in 1860 Portrait of Miss Emilie Morris by Henry Adrian Churchill in 1866 Zanzibar Sketches by William A. Churchill DNB entry for Loftus 1828 births 1886 deaths English archaeologists English Assyriologists British diplomats 19th-century archaeologists Arabic–English translators 19th-century British translators British expatriates in the Ottoman Empire Companions of the Order of the Bath Assyriologists

Crepis sodiroi is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is found only in Ecuador. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forests. It is threatened by habitat loss. References sodiroi Flora of Ecuador Data deficient plants Taxonomy articles created by Polbot

The Grand Duchy of Baden was an independent state in what is now southwestern Germany until the creation of the German Empire in 1871. It had its own state-owned railway company, the Grand Duchy of Baden State Railways (Großherzoglich Badische Staatseisenbahnen or G.Bad.St.E.), which was founded in 1840. At the time when it was integrated into the Deutsche Reichsbahn in 1920, its network had an overall length of about . History Foundation Baden was the second German state after the Duchy of Brunswick to build and operate railways at state expense. In 1833 a proposal for the construction of a railway from Mannheim to Basle was put forward for the first time by Mannheim businessman, Ludwig Newhouse, but initially received no support from the Baden state government. Other proposals too by, for example Friedrich List, were unsuccessful at first. Not until the foundation of a railway company in the neighbouring French province of Alsace, for the construction of a line from Basle to Strasbourg in 1837, did any serious planning begin for the building of a railway in Baden in order to avoid the loss of trade routes to Alsace. At an extraordinary meeting of the state parliament, the Baden legislature passed three laws on 29 March 1838 for the construction of the first route between Mannheim and the Swiss border at Basle, as well as a stub line to Baden-Baden and a branch to Strasbourg. The construction of the railway line was to be funded by the state, something that had been championed especially by Karl Friedrich Nebenius. In September 1838 work started. The Ministry of the Interior was responsible for the construction of the railway, setting up for that purpose its own authority, the 'Railway Construction Division'. Later the railway construction authorities were incorporated into the 'Water and Road Construction Division'. Responsibility for the operation of the railway was, by contrast, given to the Foreign Ministry because it took over the running of the Postal Division, that from then on became the 'Post and Railway Division'. Not until the merger of the Baden Post Office into the Reichspost in 1872 did a separate railway administration emerge in Baden: the Grand Duchy of Baden State Railways. Development of the main lines The first route, called the Baden Mainline (Badische Hauptbahn), was built in sections between 1840 and 1863. The first, 18.5 km long, section between Mannheim and Heidelberg was taken into service on 12 September 1840. Other sections followed: to Karlsruhe in 1843, Offenburg in 1844, Freiburg im Breisgau in 1845, Schliengen in 1847, Efringen-Kirchen in 1848 and Haltingen in 1851. The branches to Kehl and Baden-Baden were opened as early as 1844 and 1845 respectively. The extension of the main line through Basle territory required negotiations with the Swiss Confederation, during which differences of opinion over the best place for the junction of the Baden line to the Swiss network – Basle or Waldshut – led to delays. In the state treaty of 27 July 1852 an accommodation was reached which enabled the construction and operation of a line on Swiss sovereign territory by the Baden State Railways. The Baden railway lines were initially laid to the . After it turned out that all her neighbouring states had opted for rail, the Baden State Railways rebuilt all their existing routes and rolling stock to standard gauge within just one year during 1854/55. The line reached Basle in 1855, Waldshut in 1856 and Konstanz in 1863. With that the 414.3 km long Baden main line was completed. After the all-important north–south axis as well as links to the Lake Constance region had been established by the Baden Mainline, the remaining network expansion plans concentrated on opening up the area of Pforzheim with the Karlsruhe–Pforzheim–Mühlacker route (opened 1859–1863), linking up the Odenwald and Tauberfrankens with the Baden Odenwald Railway (Heidelberg–Mosbach–Würzburg, opened 1862–1866) and forging a direct link from Karlsruhe to Konstanz, without the diversion via Basle, in the shape of the Black Forest Railway (opened 1866–1873). Links to neighbouring states Even when the Baden Mainline was being built, plans were already being formulated to link up with the Swiss railway network. This was not achieved until the bridge at Waldshut over the river Rhine, built by Robert Gerwig, was completed on 18 August 1859. Other links were made in 1863 at Schaffhausen, in 1871 at Konstanz and in 1875 at Singen. The Basle link line, which connected Baden station on the east of the Rhine with the Central station west of the Rhine, was opened in 1873. Today it is the most important railway connexion between Germany and Switzerland. The connexion to the north towards Weinheim-Darmstadt–Frankfurt (Main) had been established since 1846 by the Main-Neckar Line, in which the Grand Duchy of Baden participated. In 1879 the Ried Railway (Riedbahn) followed, although Baden did not own any section of it. From 1861 there had also been a direct route to France after the completion of the Rhine bridge between Kehl and Strasbourg. The opening up of the Palatinate (Pfalz) was first realised in 1865 with a pontoon bridge from Karlsruhe–Maxau as well as a link between Mannheim and Ludwigshafen in 1867. A connexion with Bavaria followed the opening of the Baden Odenwald Railway (Baden Odenwaldbahn) in 1866. Negotiations for a route to Württemberg were particularly difficult because both states were competing for traffic between Germany and the Alpine passes. While Baden favoured a line via Pforzheim, Württemberg was interested in a more direct connexion at Bruchsal. An agreement was finally reached in the state treaty of the 4 December 1850, whereby Württemberg was granted the right to build the direct Stuttgart–Mühlacker–Bretten–Bruchsal route (Württemberg Western Railway) even on Baden territory, while Baden was permitted to build and operate the Karlsruhe–Mühlacker line, which ran partly in Württemberg. The connexion with Bruchsal was taken into service in 1853. Further expansion The subsequent expansion of Baden's railway network was either aimed at opening up the regions or carried out from a military perspective. Worth mentioning are: The Neckar Valley Railway (Neckartalbahn), Neckargemünd–Eberbach–Jagstfeld, opened in 1879 The Höllental Railway (Höllentalbahn), Freiburg im Breisgau–Neustadt (Schwarzwald), opened in 1887 The strategic diversions on the Upper Rhine: Weil am Rhein–Lörrach, Wehra Valley Railway (Wehratalbahn) and the completion of the Wutach Valley Railway (Wutachtalbahn) all between 1887 and 1890 The strategic Rhine Railway, Mannheim–Graben-Neudorf–Karlsruhe–Rastatt–Roeschwoog (Elsass), opened in 1895 Around 1895, Baden's railway network was more or less finished bar a few small sections. In 1900 it had a track length of 1996 km, of which 1521 km was owned by the State Railways. In the succeeding years the main effort was the expansion of stations which formed railway hubs. The most important conversions were: New marshalling yard at Karlsruhe, 1895 New station at Rastatt, 1895 New goods relief line at Freiburg im Breisgau, 1905 New goods station at Basle, 1905 New goods relief line at Bruchsal, 1906 New marshalling yard in Mannheim, 1906–1907 New station at Offenburg with a marshalling yard, 1911 New Baden station in Basle with new adjoining marshalling yard to the north at Weil am Rhein, 1913 New central station at Karlsruhe, 1913 New marshalling yard and goods station at Heidelberg, 1914 The newly built Heidelberg central station could not be completed due to the start of the First World War. Its completion had to be delayed until 1955. State-run private railways Several routes in Baden were built by private concerns, but operated by the State Railways and, in most cases, subsequently taken over. These were not just branch lines of purely local significance like the Wiese Valley Railway (Wiesentalbahn) (Basle–Schopfheim–Zell im Wiesental), opened in 1862, but also main lines. In addition to attempts by towns, that still had no railway connexion and wanted better access to the railway network, the large cities in the state also got involved in railway line construction, in order to open up their environs and to strengthen their position as transport hubs. For example, the city of Mannheim built a direct railway line to Karlsruhe without having to go via Heidelberg, in order to step out of the shadows into which they had fallen when the Badische Haupt Railway was married up at Friedrichsfeld and Heidelberg with the Main-Neckar Line that ran on northwards. In a countermove the city of Heidelberg pressed for the construction of the Heidelberg–Schwetzingen–Speyer route, in order to secure its importance as a transport hub. The most important of the privately built lines operated by the State Railways were: The Maxau Railway (Maxaubahn) at Karlsruhe an den Rhein, built by the city of Karlsruhe, opened in 1862, was the first link between Baden's railways and those of the Palatinate. It was nationalised in 1906. The Rhine Railway (Rheinbahn) Mannheim–Schwetzingen–Graben-Neudorf–Eggenstein–Karlsruhe, built by the city of Mannheim, opened in 1870 and taken over by the Baden State Railways on the day it opened. The Kraichgau Railway (Kraichgaubahn) Karlsruhe–Bretten–Eppingen with its extension to Heilbronn, built by the city of Karlsruhe, opened in 1879 and taken over by the Baden State Railways on the day it opened. Merger into the Reichsbahn On the formation of the Deutsche Reichsbahn on 1 April 1920 the Baden State Railways were merged into it. The head office in Karlsruhe became the Karlsruhe Reichsbahn Division. The foundation of the Reichsbahn meant that a wish list of routes in Baden was cancelled and only four new lines were built: The extension of the Rench Valley Railway (Renchtalbahn) to Bad Peterstal in 1926 and Bad Griesbach in 1933 The Three Lakes Line Titisee–Seebrugg in 1926 The gap in Murg Valley Railway (Murgtalbahn) in 1928 The Neckarsteinach–Schönau (Odenwald) stub line in 1928 Construction work on a railway connexion from Bretten to Kürnbach (with a planned junction to the Zabergäu Railway (Zabergäubahn) at Leonbronn) was begun, but the line was never completed. Electric operations The Baden State Railways began electric railway operations on 13 September 1913 with opening of the 15 KV AC, 16 Hz Wiese Valley Railway, Basel–Zell im Wiesental, and on its Schopfheim–Bad Säckingen branch. In addition to an experimental Class A¹ locomotive, eleven Class A² and A³ (DRG Class E 61) electric locomotives were procured. All had side-rods driving three axles. The electrification of the Wiesen valley line was mainly done in order to trial electric traction; it had no great significance in terms of traffic. No further expansion of electric services was carried out after the First World War due to the serious economic situation and it was not until 1952 that the electrification of Baden's railway network was begun in earnest. The network The railway lines in Baden State Railway network were opened as follows: On the cross-border lines marked with ¹ only the section as far as the border belonged to the Baden State Railways. The Basle link line was built by the Swiss Central Railway and co-financed by the Baden State Railway. The state railway had a special role for the only narrow gauge line, from Mosbach–Mudau, that opened on 3 June 1905. The firm of Vering & Waechter were contracted to build and run this line. State-operated private lines: Apart from the Ettlingen West–Ettlingen Stadt line, taken over by the B.L.E.A.G. (Baden Branch Lines) on 1 January 1899, all state-operated private lines went into state ownership over the course of time. In addition to those lines run by the Baden State Railways there were also fully private lines after 1889 that are not listed. The Deutsche Reichs Railway completed the following routes within the Baden railway network by 1945: In addition several routes were built by foreign state railways that ran through Baden territory. The section from Bretten to Bruchsal was transferred in 1878 to the ownership of the Baden State Railways. Running and rolling stock The first two steam locomotives for the Baden State Railways were built by the English locomotive works of Sharp, Roberts and Company and delivered in 1839. They were given the names Löwe and Greif (Lion and Griffin). As the railway network expanded the size of the fleet grew rapidly. When the railways were converted from broad to standard gauge in 1854/55, there were already 66 locomotives, 65 tenders and 1,133 wagons in the fleet. At the end of the First World War the vehicle inventory included 915 locomotives, 27,600 goods wagons and 2,500 passenger coaches, of which 106 locomotives, 7,307 goods wagons and 400 passenger coaches had to be given to the victorious powers as reparations in accordance with the Versailles Treaty. An overview of Baden's locomotive classes may be found in the List of Baden locomotives and railbuses. The Baden State Railways fostered the growth of an indigenous railway vehicle industry in Baden, because they preferred to buy from local firms such as the engineering works of Kessler and Martiensen in Karlsruhe, which later became the Maschinengesellschaft Karlsruhe ('Karlsruhe Engineering Company'). And two coach manufacturers emerged in Baden in the shape of Waggonfabrik Fuchs founded in Heidelberg in 1862 and Waggonfabrik Rastatt in 1897. Some coaches were also purchased by the Swiss Industrial Company. See also List of Baden locomotives and railbuses History of rail transport in Germany Grand Duchy of Hesse State Railways Prussian state railways References External links Laws and state treaties concerned with the Baden railways Vehicles of the Baden state railways History of Baden Transport in Baden-Württemberg Railway companies established in 1841 Railway companies disestablished in 1871 Grand Duchy of Baden 1841 establishments in Germany

Cladonia mitis is a species of fruticose lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. It was formally described as a new species in 1918 by German lichenologist Heinrich Sandstede. It has previously been classified in genus Cladina before molecular phylogenetic studies showed this to be a part of Cladonia. Cladonia mitis is morphologically quite similar to Cladonia arbuscula, and some authors have considered it to be a variety or subspecies of the latter. They differ mainly in the production of secondary compounds: Cladonia mitis produces chemicals in the rangiformic acid complex, which C. arbuscula does not. See also List of Cladonia species References mitis Lichen species Lichens described in 1918 Lichens of Europe Lichens of North America

Rätla is a village in Raasiku Parish, Harju County in northern Estonia. References Villages in Harju County

Kazimierz Jerzy Skrzypna-Twardowski (20 October 1866 – 11 February 1938) was a Polish philosopher, psychologist, logician, and rector of the Lwów University. He was initially affiliated with Alexius Meinong's Graz School of object theory. Academic career Twardowski's family belonged to the Ogończyk coat of arms. Twardowski studied philosophy at the University of Vienna with Franz Brentano ,and Robert von Zimmermann. In 1891 he received his doctorate with his dissertation, Idee und Perzeption (Idea and Perception). In 1894 Twardowski published a book, entitled Zur Lehre vom Inhalt und Gegenstand der Vorstellungen, Eine psychologische Untersuchung (On the Doctrine of the Content and Object of Presentations). The book was written between 1891 and 1893, although excerpts of the book were republished under the title On the Content and Object of Representations, which is an early text on semiotics. Twardowski originated many novel ideas related to metaphilosophy. He lectured at the University of Vienna in the years 1894 and 1895. In 1895 was appointed professor at Lwów (Lemberg in Austrian Galicia, now Lviv in the Ukraine). An outstanding lecturer, he was also a rector of the Lwów University during World War I. There Twardowski soon established the Lwów–Warsaw school of logic and became the "father of Polish logic". Among his students were the logicians Stanisław Leśniewski, Jan Łukasiewicz and Tadeusz Czeżowski, the psychologist Władysław Witwicki, the historian of philosophy Władysław Tatarkiewicz, the phenomenologist and aesthetician Roman Ingarden, as well as philosophers close to the Vienna Circle such as Tadeusz Kotarbiński and Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz. Twardowski also established the Polish Philosophical Society in 1904, the first laboratory of experimental psychology in Poland in 1907, and the journal Ruch Filozoficzny in 1911. He officially retired in 1930. Work In his 1894 book On the Content and Object of Presentations (also known as On the Doctrine of the Content and Object of Presentations), Twardowski argues for a distinction between content and object in the frame of the theory of intentionality of his teacher Franz Brentano. According to him the mind is divided in two main areas: acts or mental phenomena, and a physical phenomenon. For example, an act of mental representation is aimed at a presentation. This is what he called ‘intentionality’, aboutness. Every act is about something, but also every presentation goes together with an act of presentation. This theory suffers from the problem that it is not clear what the presentation exactly is. Is the presentation something only in the mind, or is it also in the world as object? Twardowski says that sometimes presentation is used for the object in the world and sometimes for the immanent content of a mental phenomenon. Twardowski offers a solution for this problem and proposes to make a distinction between the content of a presentation and the object of a presentation. In his book Twardowski offers an analogy to clarify this distinction. He uses the example of a painting. People say of a landscape that it is painted, but also of a painting that it is painted. In the first case the word ‘painting’ is used in a modifying way (a painted landscape is not a landscape at all), while in the latter case the word painting is used in a qualitative or attributive way. Twardowski argues that presentations are similar. The content is the painted painting and the object is the painted landscape. The content resembles the present ‘picture’ in one's mind, and the object the landscape. Bibliography Works in German and Polish Über den Unterschied zwischen der klaren und deutlichen Perception und der klaren und deutlichen Idee bei Descartes (On the difference between clear and distinct perception and between clear and distinct ideas in Descartes, doctoral dissertation, 1891) Idee und perzeption. Eine erkenntnis-theoretische Untersuchung aus Descartes (1892) Zur Lehre vom Inhalt und Gegenstand der Vorstellungen (On the Doctrine of the Content and Object of Presentations, habilitation thesis, 1894) Wyobrażenie i pojęcie (1898) O tzw. prawdach względnych (1900) Über sogenannte relative Wahrheiten (1902) Über begriffliche Vorstellungen (1903) Das Wesen der Begriffe allegato a Jahresbericht der Wiener philosophischen Gesellschaft (1903) O psychologii, jej przedmiocie, zadaniach, metodzie, stosunku do innych nauk i jej rozwoju (1913) Rozprawy i artykuły filozoficzne (1927) Wybrane pisma filozoficzne (1965) (Collection of the philosophical essays) Wybór pism psychologicznych i pedagogicznych (1992) (Collection of the psychological and pedagogical essays) Dzienniki (1997) Translations On the Content and Object of Presentations. A Psychological Investigation. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff 1977. Translated and with an introduction by Reinhardt Grossmann. On Actions, Products and Other Topics in Philosophy. Edited by Johannes Brandl and Jan Wolenski. Amsterdam: Rodopi 1999. Translated and annotated by Arthur Szylewicz. On Prejudices, Judgments and Other Topics in Philosophy. Edited by Anna Brożek e Jacek Jadacki. Amsterdam: Rodopi 2014. Sur les objets intentionnels (1893–1901). Paris: Vrin 1993. French translation of Zur Lehre vom Inhalt und Gegenstand der Vorstellungen and other texts by Edmund Husserl. See also Representationalism Logology (science of science) Polish logic History of philosophy in Poland List of Poles References Sources 1866 births 1938 deaths 19th-century essayists 19th-century Polish philosophers 19th-century psychologists 20th-century essayists 20th-century Polish non-fiction writers 20th-century Polish philosophers 20th-century psychologists Abstract object theory Epistemologists History of logic History of psychology Lecturers Members of the Lwów Scientific Society Metaphilosophers Metaphysicians Ontologists Phenomenologists Philosophers of logic Philosophers of mind Philosophers of psychology Philosophy academics Philosophy writers Polish essayists Polish logicians Polish male non-fiction writers Academic staff of the University of Lviv University of Lviv rectors University of Vienna alumni Academic staff of the University of Vienna Burials at Lychakiv Cemetery

Neel Ratan Singh is an Indian politician and a member of 17th Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh of India. He represents the Sevapuri constituency of Uttar Pradesh. He is a member of the Apna Dal (Sonelal) party. Political career Ratan has been a member of the 17th Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh. Since 2017, he has represented the Sevapuri constituency and is a member of the AD(S). Posts held See also Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly References Uttar Pradesh MLAs 2017–2022 Apna Dal (Sonelal) politicians Living people 1971 births Uttar Pradesh MLAs 2022–2027 Bharatiya Janata Party politicians from Uttar Pradesh

The 2020–21 season was the 113th season in the existence of Atalanta B.C. and the club's 10th consecutive season in the top flight of Italian football. In addition to the domestic league, Atalanta participated in this season's editions of the Coppa Italia and the UEFA Champions League. The season covered the period from 13 August 2020 to 30 June 2021. Players First-team squad Transfers In Loans in Out Loans out Pre-season and friendlies Competitions Overview Serie A League table Results summary Results by round Matches The league fixtures were announced on 2 September 2020. Coppa Italia UEFA Champions League Group stage The group stage draw was held on 1 October 2020. Knockout phase Round of 16 The draw for the round of 16 was held on 14 December 2020. Statistics Appearances and goals |- ! colspan=14 style=background:#DCDCDC; text-align:center| Goalkeepers |- ! colspan=14 style=background:#DCDCDC; text-align:center| Defenders |- ! colspan=14 style=background:#DCDCDC; text-align:center| Midfielders |- ! colspan=14 style=background:#DCDCDC; text-align:center| Forwards |- ! colspan=14 style=background:#DCDCDC; text-align:center| Players transferred out during the season Goalscorers Notes References External links Atalanta BC seasons Atalanta Atalanta

Michael Culme-Seymour may refer to one of three naval commanders of the Royal Navy, father, son and grandson: Sir Michael Culme-Seymour, 3rd Baronet (1836–1920), Admiral, Commander-in-Chief at Portsmouth, commanded the Mediterranean and Channel fleets and the Pacific squadron, also Vice-Admiral of the United Kingdom Sir Michael Culme-Seymour, 4th Baronet (1867–1925), Vice-Admiral, served during World War I, Commander-in-Chief on the North America and West Indies Station, and Second Sea Lord Sir Michael Culme-Seymour, 5th Baronet (1909–1999), Commander, served during World War II, High Sheriff of Northamptonshire See also Sir Michael Seymour, 1st Baronet, Admiral, grandfather to the 3rd Baronet (the 2nd Baronet took the name "Culme") Michael Seymour (Royal Navy officer), Admiral, uncle to the 3rd Baronet

"5 dols", also known under its English title "5 Dollars", is a song by French singer Christine and the Queens. "5 Dollars" was released as the third single from the English version of his second studio album Chris on 16 August 2018. Christine and the Queens performed the song on The Graham Norton Show on 19 October 2018. Background Christine and the Queens explained about the meaning of the song: "The song is so tender, so disheveled. It's dealing with some kind of love – the kind you can buy. It's a literal interpretation. A note for a shag – how surprisingly soothing this can be! The power ratio runs clear, like water in your hands; it becomes a pure gesture of love, of ultimate consent." Music video The video for the track's English version was directed by Colin Solal Cardo released on Christine and the Queens' YouTube channel on 17 August 2018. Billboard noted it as being "S&M-inspired". The video was also described in a press release as "American Gigolo with a twist". Personnel Chris – drum programming, bass, keyboards, piano Cole M.G.N. – drum programming, bass Charts Release history References 2018 singles 2018 songs Christine and the Queens songs

Bob Bryan and Mike Bryan were the defending champions but lost in the second round to Aisam-ul-Haq Qureshi and Jean-Julien Rojer. Mariusz Fyrstenberg and Marcin Matkowski won the tournament defeating Robert Lindstedt and Horia Tecău 6–3, 6–4 in the final. Seeds The top eight seeds receive a bye into the second round. Draw Finals Top half Bottom half References Main Draw Men's Doubles

Eremiaphila pyramidum is a species of praying mantis found in Egypt and Libya. See also List of mantis genera and species References Eremiaphila Mantodea of Africa Insects described in 1904

Wuppertaler SV is a German association football club located in Wuppertal, North Rhine-Westphalia. The city was founded in 1929 out of the union of a number of smaller towns including Elberfeld, Barmen, Vohwinkel, Cronenberg and Ronsdorf – each with its own football club. Wuppertal Sport Verein was formed in 1954 out of the merger of TSG Vohwinkel and SSV Wuppertal and was later joined by Borussia Wuppertal to form the present day club. In addition to the football side, today's sports club includes departments for boxing, gymnastics, handball, and track and field. History Early history of predecessors TSG and SSV TSG was active as a gymnastics club as early as 1880 while the roots of'SSV go back to the 1904 establishment of the winter sports club Bergischer Wintersport-und SV 04 Elberfeld, which was known simply as SSV Elberfeld by 1905. This club took part in the early rounds of the national finals in 1930–31 and went on to play in the Gauliga Niederrhein, one of sixteen top-flight divisions formed in the 1933 re-organization of German football under the Third Reich, for two seasons in 1936–37 and 1937–38. The side was re-christened SSV 04 Wuppertal the following year and remained in the Gauliga another two seasons until relegated in 1940. They returned to first tier football in 1941 and earned a strong third-place finish, but left the division part way through the 1942–43 season because they were unable to continue to field a full side as a result of wartime manpower shortages. Post war play and the formation of WSV After World War II, TSG Vohwinkel emerged as the stronger side and took up play in the first division Oberliga West in 1947 where they would compete until being relegated after a 14th-place finish in 1950. Both clubs were part of the 2. Oberliga West (II) through the early 1950s, SSV under the guidance of coach Fritz Szepan, one-time star of Schalke 04 which had dominated German football from the mid-1930s to the mid-1940s. The union of the two associations that created "Wuppertaler SV" in 1954 paid almost immediate dividends as the combined side vaulted to the top and captured the division title in 1954–55. Wuppertal's return to the Oberliga was less successful despite the presence of players such as rising star Horst Szymaniak and Austria's international Erich Probst. The club could not escape the lower half of the table and was relegated following a next-to-last place finish in 1958. WSV returned to the top flight for the 1962–63 campaign, which was the last Oberliga season before the creation of the new first division Bundesliga. Although they had a poor regular season, the team enjoyed a good DFB-Pokal run, advancing to the semi-finals where they lost a closely fought match (0–1) to first division side and eventual cup winners Hamburger SV before a record hometown crowd of 40,000. Rise to the Bundesliga The following year, the club became part of the Regionalliga West, one of the five divisions in the newly established second-tier circuit. Wuppertal delivered a solid performance, finishing second in their division behind Alemannia Aachen. They remained competitive throughout the remainder of the 1960s and into the early 1970s. In 1972, they achieved a breakthrough by winning the Regionalliga West title and subsequently triumphing in the Bundesliga promotion playoffs. WSV dominated their opposition, winning all eight of their promotion round matches, a remarkable feat in the 11 seasons played under this playoff format. Bundesliga 1972–75 Die Löwen played three seasons in the top flight with their debut 1972–73 season being their most successful. While they never seriously challenged eventual champions Bayern Munich for the title, newly promoted WSV spent five weeks in second place before finally settling for a fourth-place finish – a result that has only been bettered twice by teams newly promoted to the Bundesliga. The fourth-place finish earned the club a place in the 1973–74 UEFA Cup tournament the season after. They went out in the first round 6:8 on aggregate (1–4, 5–4) to Polish side Ruch Chorzów. In the league that season they only escaped relegation on goal difference after an 82nd minute away goal in the final match of their campaign in Stuttgart. Widely regarded as having too old a roster to compete, in the third top tier season the club stumbled to an ignominious last place finish on 12 points. This stands as the second-worst Bundesliga result in history, only four points better than the Tasmania Berlin side of 1965–66. The only bright spot of this poor campaign was a 3–1 victory over the Bayern Munich side built around Franz Beckenbauer that dominated European football at the time. Post-Bundesliga (1975) to 2013 After the 1975 relegation from the Bundesliga, Wuppertal next played five seasons in the second tier 2. Bundesliga until 1980. From 1980 the played a dozen seasons in the Amateur Oberliga Nordrhein (III). A series of strong finishes in the late 80s eventually led to a return to the 2. Bundesliga for the 1992–93 and 1993–94 seasons before relegation once again to third tier football in the Regionalliga West/Südwest. The club had a close brush with bankruptcy in 1998 and the next season was sent down to the Oberliga Nordrhein (IV) for failing to pay their dues. By 2003 they had earned a return to the Regionalliga Nord (III). In 2004, the club merged with Borussia Wuppertal to become Wuppertaler SV Borussia adopting the red and blue colours and logo of the more senior WSV. Borussia had been formed in 1976 through the union of SV Germania 1907 Wuppertal and VfL 1912 Wuppertal. Like SSV, Germania was also the successor to an Elberfeld club – Germania Elberfeld – which took part in the preliminary rounds of the national finals in the early 30s. While "Borussia" quickly developed into a competitive side, they were not financially strong enough to support their ambition and joined forces with WSV in hopes of returning the city to football prominence. From supporter's side, the additional name Borussia has been constantly rejected, due to the club's history and identification issues. This controversy and the recent merger has been frequently discussed at annual meetings for almost nine years before the era of chairman Runge ended in 2013. In the 2007–08 DFB-Pokal (German Cup) tournament, Wuppertaler SV reached the Round of 16 after beating Erzgebirge Aue (4–3 on penalties) and Hertha BSC Berlin (2–0). They were put out by eventual cup winners Bayern Munich (2–5). Because of the small capacity of Stadion am Zoo, the match was played at Arena AufSchalke in Gelsenkirchen. The era after chairman Runge At an annual meeting on 24 May 2013 the club's name returned to Wuppertaler SV. A new administrative board was formed by the 13 members of Initiative WSV 2.0 of which Alexander Eichner was a member of. President Klaus Mathies resigned from this position to allow a smooth transition and for Eichner to take over. At a news conference on 4 June 2013 it was announced that the club was bankrupt, which resulted in an enforced relegation. Wuppertaler SV played in the fifth division, the Oberliga Niederrhein, until 2015–16 when a league championship took the club back up to the Regionalliga. Recent seasons Honours The club's honours: Regionalliga West Champions: 1972 Oberliga Nordrhein (IV) Champions: 1990, 1992, 2000, 2003 Oberliga Niederrhein (V) Champions: 2016 Lower Rhine Cup Winners: 1981, 1985, 1999, 2000, 2005, 2007, 2021 Fans Despite the club's relative poor on field performance, the club draws big support. There are currently 18 supporter groups: Red Blue 1954, Treue Löwen, Die Wuppys 04, Die Falken, Teamgeist, Pflegestufe 4, Schwebende Jonges, Zooalarm Wuppertal, Red Blue Fanatics, Opus W, Sektion Gegengerade, Tradition 1954, Wupper-Piraten, WSV Fans Mittelrhein, Wupperlümmel's, Die Mecker Oppas, Wupperschlümpfe and Debakel Arrenberg. Many of the club's fans sympathise with Schalke 04, and have a long-standing friendship with Lok Leipzig; in the past the fans maintained somewhat amiable relations with fans of Hertha Berlin. Rot-Weiss Essen are the fiercest rivals, Rot-Weiß Oberhausen and Alemannia Aachen are the other fierce rivals, as are VfL Bochum and Fortuna Düsseldorf. Current squad Notable players Striker Günter "Meister" Pröpper (born 12 August 1941) played with Wuppertaler SV from 1970–79 and represents the club's golden era of the early 70s. His 52 goals in the club's 1971–72 campaign set a second division record that still stands. In 87 Bundesliga matches he scored 39 goals. After retiring he settled in Wuppertal and has remained associated with the club. Outside forward Horst Szymaniak, who was with WSV from 1956–59, participated in two World Cups. He is the only player from the club to be called to play for the national side while playing in Wuppertal, where he earned 20 of his 43 caps. He was one of the first German players to follow the big money to play professionally in Italy and won the European Champions Cup in 1964 with Inter Milan. Szymaniak was also an unfortunate member of the worst-ever Bundesliga side Tasmania 1900 Berlin, While Erich Probst enjoyed only limited success during his stay in Wuppertal (1956–58), he made 19 appearances for the Austria national football team and participated in the World Cup 1954 where Austria finished third. Probst scored six goals, tying him for second place with two other players among goalscorers at the competition. Alfred "Coppi" Beck, 1955–58, capped once for Germany when with FC St. Pauli. Erich Haase, 1956–68, played one international match for East Germany while with Turbine Halle. Waldemar Ksienzyk, 1992–94, played one international match for East Germany while with Dynamo Berlin. Erich Ribbeck, who later coached the German national team, started his career with SSV and later played with WSV. In his early days as a coach at Rot-Weiss Essen he used Günter Pröpper only rarely, which caused that player to move on to Wuppertaler SV. Mohammad Reza Adelkhani, played the 1968–69 season in Wuppertal. He joined Tehran club Esteghlal FC in 1973 and was capped 17 times for Iran. Thomas Litjens José Valencia Track and field SSV Wuppertal brought their track and field department to the 1954 union that formed Wuppertaler SV. Athletes from the club have competed in the European and World championships as well as the Olympics. Some notable athletes from the club are: Manfred Kinder, 400m-Runner, European Champion, Olympic medalist Maria Jeibmann, 400m-Runner, German champion Manfred Knickenberg, 100m-/200m-Runner, Olympic participant, European championship medalist, German champion Maren Collin, 100m-/200m-Runner, European championship runner-up, German champion Ruth Limbach, 100m-/200m-Runner, German championship runner-up (1949) Former coaches Raymond Schwab (1954–1956) Edmund Conen (1956–1957) Walter Werner (1957) Jupp Schmidt (1957–1958) Emil Melcher (1958–1959) Willibald Kreß (1959–1961) Robert Gebhardt (1961–1965) Adi Preißler (1965–1967) Kuno Klötzer (1967–1968) Horst Buhtz (1968–1974) János Bédl (1974–1975) Diethelm Ferner (1975–1976) Herbert Burdenski (1976–1977) Erhard Ahmann (1977) Herbert Burdenski (1977–1978) Bernd Hoss (1978–1979) Rolf Müller (1979–1980) Heinz Lucas (1980) Rolf Müller (1980–1981) Kalli Hoffmann (1981–1982) Jonny Hey (1982–1983) Manfred Reichert (1983) Thomas Bartel (1983) Manfred Reichert (1983–1984) Detlef Pirsig (1984–1986) Günter Pröpper (1986) Rolf Müller (1986–1989) Dieter Tartemann (1989–1990) Wolfgang Jerat (1990–1992) Gerd Vom Bruch (1992–1993) Michael Lorkowski (1993–1994) Dieter Tartemann (1994) Werner Fuchs (1994–1996) Wolfgang Jerat (1996–1997) Ali Höfer (1997) Rudi Gores (1997–1999) Roman Geschlecht (1999) Frantisek Straka (1999–2001) Jonny Hey (2001–2002) Georg Kreß (2002–2004) Werner Kasper (2004) Uwe Fuchs (2005–2007) Wolfgang Jerat (1990–1992) Wolfgang Frank (2008) Christoph John (2008) Uwe Fuchs (2008–2010) Peter Radojewski (interim) (2010) Michael Dämgen (2010–2011) Karsten Hutwelker (2011) Hans-Günter Bruns (2011–2012) Jörg Jung (2012–2013) Peter Radojewski (2013) Reinhold Fanz (2013) Peter Radojewski (2013–2014) Thomas Richter (2014–2015) Stefan Vollmerhausen (2015–2018) Christian Britscho (2018) Adrian Alipour (2018–2019) Andreas Zimmermann (2019) Alexander Voigt (2019–2020) Pascal Bieler (2020) Alexander Voigt (2020) Björn Mehnert (2020–) References External links Official website Official Facebook site The Abseits Guide to German Soccer (Wuppertaler SV) The Abseits Guide to German Soccer (Borussia Wuppertal) Football clubs in Germany Football clubs in North Rhine-Westphalia Association football clubs established in 1954 Sport in Wuppertal 1954 establishments in West Germany Bundesliga clubs 2. Bundesliga clubs 3. Liga clubs

Sang-e-Mah (Urdu: سنگِ ماہ, ) is a Pakistani television series, and second series in the trilogy preceded by Sang-e-Mar Mar. Having central plot line inspired from William Shakespeare's Hamlet, it is written by Mustafa Afridi, directed by Saife Hassan and produced by Momina Duraid under her banner production MD Productions. The series revolves around the mysteries that unfold when a young man Hilmand decides to avenge the murder of his father. It focuses on the oppression of women in the form of 'ghag' in tribal areas and also deals with interreligious harmony. It features Atif Aslam, Sania Saeed, Nauman Ijaz, Samiya Mumtaz, Hania Amir, Kubra Khan, Zaviyar Nauman Ijaz and Omair Rana in pivotal roles. The serial marks the television acting debut of Aslam who played the main role of Hilmand Khan, and sung the soundtrack of the series as well. The series had a cinematic launch on 8 January 2022, while it premiere on Hum TV on 9 January. The series received praise from critics due to its script but was faulted for stereotypical portrayals of Pakhtoons. At 22nd Lux Style Awards, it won Best TV Writer and Best TV Director out of seven nominations. Premise A transcendent tale of love and retribution. Sang-e-Mah follows the story of a family who belong to the tribal regions of Pakistan. The drama will reveal how people have to sacrifice their lives and love because of an untruthful tradition. Plot The story is set in the fictional town of 'Laspiraan'. Hilmand (Atif Aslam) usually spends time at the grave of his father, Nasrullah Khan. Hilmand wants to get revenge on Haji Marjaan Khan (Nauman Ijaz) because Hilmand believes Marjaan killed Nasrullah to marry Hilmand's mother Zarsanga (Samiya Mumtaz). Zarsanga and Marjaan's son and Hilmand's half-brother, Hikmat (Zaviyar Nauman Ijaz), is in love with his cousin Gul Meena (Hania Amir), daughter of Zarsanga's sister Zarghuna (Sania Saeed). Zarghuna hates Mastan Singh (Omair Rana), since Mastan killed Zarghuna's husband Asadullah Khan. Zarghuna rejects Hikmat and Gul Meena's relationship, so Hikmat goes to do "Ghag", where he will go to Gul Meena's house and make an announcement that Gul Meena can only be Hikmat's bride. But, Zarghuna discovers that Hilmand did the Ghag instead. Mastan goes to kill Hilmand, but is stopped due to his father's death. It is revealed that Mastan's father, Hakeem Guru Baksh, gave Marjaan poison to kill Nasrullah. Meanwhile, Sheherzaad (Kubra Khan) learns about the Ghag and comes to Laspiraan to gather research, since Sheherzaad is a reporter. When she comes to Laspiraan, she and Marjaan start bonding and she meets Hilmand, who gives Sheherzaad his blanket. Sheherzaad then remembers being harassed by her cousin Haider (Shamil Khan) when she was young. Mastan finds Hilmand and stabs him, but at the hospital, Haider and Sheherzaad reunite since Haider is now a doctor. After seeing Haider, Sheherzaad uses the nurse's help to move Hilmand somewhere else for safety. It is also revealed that Marjaan got Zarghuna married to his servant, Awal Khan (Syed Muntazim Shah). But when he was abusive towards her, she divorced him and married Asadullah, who was Awal Khan's younger brother. Seeing Sheherzaad as his daughter, Marjaan goes to Haider's house and tells his wife the truth about Sheherzaad's past with Haider. The nurse leaks this to the hospital and Haider is arrested. After Hilmand recovers, he calls a "jirga" (meeting) for Hikmat being responsible for the attack on Hilmand, even though Hilmand knows Mastan did the attack. Hilmand threatens Mastan to testify against Marjaan so Hilmand can get his revenge against Marjaan, but if Mastan doesn't, Hilmand won't let Mastan get married. So, Mastan's fiancée Harshaali Kaur (Najiba Faiz) convinces Mastan to do what Hilmand says. At the jirga, Hilmand says Hikmat didn't do anything and Mastan says when his father was dying, he didn't say anything about giving Marjaan poison to kill Nasrullah, but he said for Mastan to get married. Mastan also reveals that he attacked Hilmand. Zarsanga decides to go the jirga herself and decides to tell the truth there, with Sheherzaad running after her. At the jirga, after failing to produce evidence against Marjaan, Hilmand asks Marjaan to say under oath on the hand of Shah Sab that he did not kill Nasrullah. Marjaan proceeds to do so but the moment he was to say the words, Zarsanga appears and stops Marjaan. Marjaan asks Zarsanga to go but she refuses to leave. Hilmand goes to meet her mother and tells her that Marjaan killed his father and her husband. At that moment Zarsanga reveals that she killed Nasrullah. Hilmand runs into the forests after listening that and everyone in the jirga are shocked. Hilmand goes to his father's village to verify what his mother has revealed as he feels that she had lied to save Marjaan. But after meeting Mashallah Khan (Asif Khan), his grandfather, the true character of his father is revealed and he is broken. Mashallah Khan on the other hand, intrigued at Hilmand's coming to meet him after all these years, send his sons to Laspiraan to know the reason. He gets to know about the confession of Zarsanga and now starts plotting to extract hefty amounts from Marjaan. On the other hand, Sheherzaad is looking frantically looking for Hilmand. She implores him to accompany her to the city but he is completely broken and leaves the place. Mashallah then calls another jirga on Zarsanga for killing his son Nasrullah. Zarsanga tells Sheherzaad she doesn't want to attend the jirga. The day before the jirga, Marjaan gives his turban to Hikmat, saying he should make a decision which can give everyone justice and which can save Zarsanga's respect and also making Hikmat the new Haji and the new leader of Laspiraan. At the jirga, Hikmat comes wearing the turban in Marjaan's place. Then, Zarghuna, Sheherzaad, Gul Meena, and all the other women in Laspiraan suffering Ghag arrive at the jirga. Gul Meena then shares her Ghag story, when Hilmand arrives. Mashallah Khan says he wants a share in some money for Zarsanga's death because he wants blood for blood. But, Hilmand reveals papers for some land so he asks for a whole share and all the money from Mashallah, so he and his sons leave in silence, and the elders decide to put an end to Ghag immediately, and whoever does Ghag after this will be punished immediately. Hilmand reveals to Hikmat that the papers were fake. Hilmand and Sheherzaad come home to find Marjaan and Zarsanga lying dead together. The night before, Marjaan and Zarsanga both decided to kill themselves to save themselves from embarrassment. Hilmand comforts a crying Sheherzaad. A few years later, an elderly Awal Khan asks a young kid named Marjaan Khan where his father is. The young Marjaan points Awal Khan to where his father is and Awal Khan tells him that Mashallah Khan's sons have done Ghag again. The father is revealed to be Hilmand, who is now Haji Hilmand Khan, and he turns around and looks at Awal Khan, implying that Hilmand will give his uncles a good punishment. Cast Production In July 2021, Saife Hassan announced in an exclusive interview that he is going to revamp the Sang-e-Mar Mar with a new season. He revealed the Sania Saeed, Nauman Ijaz, Kubra Khan and Samiya Mumtaz as leading actors. Hassan also announced that it will be a trilogy and after Sang-e-Mah, he will make Sang-e-Siyah. Sania Saeed, Nauman Ijaz and Kubra Khan respire their roles from Sang-e-Mar Mar while Nadia Afgan, Hania Amir and Samiya Mumtaz joined for second season. There were also rumours of the singer Atif Aslam to be part of the series; his casting confirmed in late August 2021. Before Aslam, film actor Bilal Ashraf has been cast for the lead role of "Hilmamd" however, he turned down the project due to date conflicts. Previously, the role has been rejected by Ali Zafar and Fawad Khan due to unknown reasons. While discussing about the story, Hassan revealed that the first part of the trilogy will focus on Pakhtoon family issues and will also tackle problematic traditions such as forced marriages. The first teaser of the series was released on 10 December 2021. Although, the production location of the series is Bhogarmang Valley located near Balakot where shooting was done extensively, some of the initial sequences were filmed in the Gurdwara of Nankana Sahib. Soundtrack The official soundtrack of the series is performed by Atif Aslam on the lyrics of Fatima Najeeb with music composition by Sahir Ali Bagga. Reception In late December 2021, the series received appraisal for its teasers which, promising a powerful story with larger than life characters and touch of Shakespearean tragedy. The serial had views of all teasers and trailers were as high as 8.3 Million. The News while reviewing the first episode praised the storyline and characterisation stating that, series features an intriguing storyline and convincing characterisation. In another article, the newspaper praised the dialogues of the series by describing them as, "powerful and impactful." On premiere, the series received mixed reviews with criticism towards the stereotypical portrayal of Pakhtoons but in later episodes it disappeared. Mehreen Odho of DAWN Images compared it with Shakespeare's Hamlet and praised its writing and characterisation. The on-screen chemistry of Aslam and Khan was also praised heavily. Television ratings YouTube Views As of 23 August 2023, the first episode generated 28 Million+ views and last episode had generated 12 Million+ views on YouTube.The total views of all Episodes on YouTube are 299 million+ as of 23 August 2023. Accolades Broadcast The show is distributed worldwide by the following TV channels: HUM TV (South Asia) HUM TV Mena HUM World Notes References External links 2022 Pakistani television series debuts Urdu-language television shows Hum TV original programming Pakistani drama television series

Sigmund A. Rolat or Zygmunt Rolat (born July 1, 1930) is a philanthropist, art collector and businessman. He is a founding donor of Polin, The Museum of the History of Polish Jews and a key supporter of numerous charitable endeavors. Early life Sigmund A. Rolat (originally Zygmunt Rozenblat) was born on July 1, 1930, in Częstochowa, Poland. His grandfather Abram Rozenblat was the founder of the first Jewish elementary school where all subjects were taught exclusively in Polish. Rolat's happy childhood in pre-war Częstochowa left unforgettable memories. In numerous memoirs and in interviews given to the media around the world, Rolat always refers to Częstochowa as his "little homeland". World War II Rolat survived the Holocaust in the Częstochowa Ghetto, in hiding and as a forced laborer in the Hasag Pelcery labor camp. His parents and older brother lost their lives during the German occupation of Poland. Rolat's father Henryk participated in the uprising in Treblinka. His mother Mariane was murdered in the Jewish cemetery and buried in a mass grave there. His brother Jerzyk, the youngest member of the Częstochowa Jewish resistance, was executed by the Nazis at the Jewish cemetery along with five older friends in March 1943. Rolat's Polish nanny Elka also perished choosing to remain in the ghetto because she did not want to abandon the young Sigmund. After the war Rolat was liberated from the Hasag Pelcery camp in January 1945. He decided to leave Częstochowa with the pain and grief of losing the entire immediate family, close and distant relatives, friends from the neighborhood, schoolmates and acquaintances. He went to France and then moved to Germany where he received his high school diploma. In February 1948, Rolat arrived in the United States with just eight dollars in his pocket. He graduated from the University of Cincinnati and New York University and eventually built a sizable international finance company. Business opportunities in Poland after the fall of communism gave Rolat the chance to reconnect with his birthplace, inspiring him to work towards preserving Poland's rich Jewish history. Philanthropy Sigmund Rolat is one of the prime financial supporters and ambassadors for the restoration of Polish Jewry's place in Polish and world history. Currently, Rolat's chief philanthropic endeavor is Polin, The Museum of the History of Polish Jews. He is a founding donor of this important museum built on the site of the Warsaw Ghetto, and serves as the Chairman of the North American Council of the museum. He is a longtime supporter of Yad Vashem and the American Society for Yad Vashem. He has achieved the status of Builder at Yad Vashem, Jerusalem by donating generously and often. He has also been recognized for the generous donation of the works of Private Tolkatchev as well as other artwork to Yad Vashem's collection. A lover of the arts, Rolat is a key supporter of the annual Jewish Culture Festival in Kraków, a patron of Warsaw's Singer Jewish Culture Festival, the honorary Chairman of the Friends of the Jewish Culture Festival Association, the sponsor of the 8th Edition of the Bronislaw Huberman Violin Festival in Częstochowa, and a supporter of both the Bronislaw Huberman Częstochowa Philharmonic and the Grand Theater – National Opera in Warsaw. Monument controversy: From Those You Saved Sigmund Rolat is the founder of the Remembrance and Future Foundation that organized the controversial monument competition From Those You Saved in Warsaw, to commemorate Polish righteous gentiles who saved Jews during the Holocaust. The plans to erect the monument next to the POLIN Museum, in the heart of the former Warsaw Ghetto, were harshly criticized by a significant number of Polish Jews. The president of the Jewish Community of Warsaw (pl) Anna Chipczyńska said she had regrets that they could not find an alternative site that would allow both the honouring of the Righteous Among the Nations as well as avoiding controversies and disagreements. Polish writer Bożena Keff expressed her view that the location of the monument was less about respecting history and more an act of propaganda. The winners of the competition, Austrian architect Gabu Heindl and artist Eduard Freudmann, decided to include the controversies in their monument project and proposed to plant a forest nursery consisting of thousands of saplings next to the museum. After 1,5 years the saplings would be replanted as a forest at an urban location in Warsaw to be agreed upon by the protagonists of the conflict. An international jury of 10 architects, artists, and curators chose The Monument May Be A Forest as the winning proposal, because the project represented the commemoration of the processual aspect rather than just using imposing physical presence, it is based on "notions of care, commitment, fragility and risk" as well as the actual act of sheltering the Jews and has the potential to spread the commemoration across time and space." POLIN's deputy director Zygmunt Stępiński said it was a good opportunity for the museum, opening up space for an educational program that had the opportunity to spread across the country. He also considered it was more complex than just setting a monument in front of the museum. The architect of the POLIN Museum, Rainer Mahlamäki, one of the judges who voted for the trees, sees the winner of the competition as a new type of art and memorial as opposed to a monument. After the jury's decision had been published in April 2015, Sigmund Rolat denounced the design. In February 2016 Rolat invited the Israeli sculptor Dani Karavan to take on the project but he declined after he had read an article written by Freudmann and Heindl, in which they criticize the foundation and their course of action. In April 2016 Karavan announced that he accepted the commission to build the monument, thereby sparking another furor. To this day the monument for the Polish righteous gentiles has not been built. Awards and honors Sigmund Rolat has received numerous awards, including the title Patron of the Arts, Patron of Culture and the title Honorary Citizen of the City by officials in Częstochowa. On May 9, 2016, Rolat received The Jan Karski Humanitarian Award at the Consulate General of the Republic of Poland in New York City. The Award was established by The Polish-Jewish Dialogue Committee. In December 2014, in New York, he received the Remembrance Award from Yad Vashem Society's chair Leonard Wilf. In October 2014 Rolat was appointed the Honorary Professor at Jan Długosz University in his native Częstochowa. On September 19, 2013, Rolat was awarded Poland's highest honor for citizens who live abroad, the Commander's Cross with Star of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland for achievements in Polish-Jewish dialogue presented personally in New York City by President Bronislaw Komorowski. In November 2013 he received the Spirit of Jan Karski Award at David S. Wyman Institute for Holocaust Studies 10th Anniversary Dinner. In recognition of his efforts at Polin, The Museum of the History of Polish Jews, President Lech Kaczynski honored him with the Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland during the commemoration of the 65th anniversary of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising on April 19, 2008. Recent public appearances On June 11, 2015, at an event at the Museum of Jewish Heritage, New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio honored Rolat, by proclaiming it "Sigmund Rolat Day" in the City of New York. On April 18, 2015, Rolat spoke at a March of the Living event at the University of Warsaw honoring Survivors, Liberators, and Righteous Among the Nations. In his speech to students from around the world, he advocated for the building of a monument to the Righteous Among the Nations in Warsaw. He said: "We will say thank you properly and in years long from now your children will come here and they will also see that monument to thank those who saved us.." On April 16, 2015, Sigmund Rolat was the guest of honor at the International March of the Living memorial ceremony in Auschwitz-Birkenau on Holocaust Remembrance Day. His eloquent speech delivered to approx 10,000 young people and survivors appeared in both Polish and English media and was reprinted in more than 50 newspapers. In his speech, Rolat stated that he had no choice but to remember the Holocaust, but challenged the young people – who do have a choice – to also remember, giving them four reasons to do so: solidarity with those who survived, the simple decency of keeping alive the memory of the victims by mourning their loss, and fear that this might happen again to others unless we learn from history. He concluded his remarks with a fourth reason to remember: gratitude "to those Poles who – like my Elka – risked their lives to save Jews from the chimneys of Auschwitz. From the ghetto walls of Czestochowa. From the abyss. And our gratitude toward them is the fourth reason to remember." On December 3, 2014, Rolat, Joshua Bell and Budd Mishkin took part in a discussion following the screening of "The Return of the Violin". The documentary film, sponsored by Rolat, chronicles the journey of the Gibson ex-Huberman Stradivarius now owned and played by Bell. On November 8, 2014, Rolat spoke at the Toronto premiere of the "Return of the Violin", as part of Toronto's Holocaust Education Week. "We opened the Museum on the 28th (of October 2014) 10 days ago. It was a wonderful, wonderful opening. I certainly am now so happy that really the most important task of my life which was Polin, The Museum of the History of Polish Jews [is completed] and that young people on the March of the Living who are coming to Poland will no longer see only the Auschwitz and Treblinka camps – they will also find out about [our] glorious, glorious thousand years in Poland and how much we accomplished in those days." After the premiere of the "Return of the Violin", 14-year-old Tali Katz, a granddaughter of Holocaust survivors, composed "Six", inspired by the bravery of Sigmund Rolat, as the only member of his immediate family to survive the Holocaust. Family and personal Sigmund Rolat has three children. Rolat lives in New York City and spends time in Bal Harbour, Florida. References 1930 births Polish emigrants to the United States Częstochowa Ghetto inmates American businesspeople American philanthropists Recipients of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland Living people

The 2016 Festival de las Máscaras (Spanish for "Festival of the Masks") was a major lucha libre event produced and scripted by the Mexican International Wrestling Revolution Group (IWRG) professional wrestling promotion held on June 5, 2016. The show was held in Arena Naucalpan, Naucalpan, State of Mexico, which is IWRG's primary venue. At the 2016 event Atomic Star, Panterita, Mega, Omega, Súper Mega Oficial 911, Oficial AK-47, Oficial Fierro and Veneno all wore their masks again after having lost Luchas de Apuestas, or "bet matches", in the past and thus lost the rights to wear their mask. The main event was a three-stage steel cage match, in the steel first match Trauma I, Mr. Águila and Canis Lupus defeated Danny Casas and in the second steel cage match Máscara Año 2000 Jr., Mr. Elektro and El Hijo de Dos Caras defeated Toscano. This meant that Casas and Toscano were forced to compete in the final steel cage match of the night, under Lucha de Apuestas rules with both men risking their hair. In the end, Toscano pinned Danny Casas, forcing Casas to be shaved bald as a result. Production Background The wrestling mask has always held a sacred place in lucha libre, carrying with it a mystique and anonymity beyond what it means to wrestlers elsewhere in the world. The ultimate humiliation a luchador can suffer is to lose a Lucha de Apuestas, or bet match. Following a loss in a Lucha de Apuesta match the masked wrestler would be forced to unmask, state their real name and then would be unable to wear that mask while wrestling anywhere in Mexico. Since 2007 the Mexican wrestling promotion International Wrestling Revolution Group (IWRG; Sometimes referred to as Grupo Internacional Revolución in Spanish) has held a special annual show where they received a waiver to the rule from the State of Mexico Wrestling Commission and wrestlers would be allowed to wear the mask they previously lost in a Lucha de Apuestas. The annual IWRG Festival de las Máscaras ("Festival of the Masks") event is also partly a celebration or homage of lucha libre history with IWRG honoring wrestlers of the past at the events similar to Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre's (CMLL) Homenaje a Dos Leyendas ("Homage to Two Legends") annual shows. The IWRG's Festival de las Máscaras shows, as well as the majority of their major IWRG shows in general, are held in Arena Naucalpan, owned by the promoters of IWRG and is their main venue. The 2016 Festival de las Máscaras show was the ninth year in a row IWRG held the show. The 2016 show would be the first Festival de las Máscaras show to actually feature a Lucha de Apuestas match as well as the first Festival de las Máscaras to have a steel cage match main event. Marco Antonio Soto Ceja, better known as Freelance began his career in the Mini-Estrella ("Mini-Star") division working as "Panterita" ("Little Panther"). Soto does not have dwarfism, but started wrestling at a young age and was very short when he made his debut so he was placed in the Mini-Estrellas division. On August 6, 2006 he lost a Lucha de Apuestas match to Cerebro Negro and had to unmask. At that point in time he abandoned the Panterita ring character and became known as "Freelance". The trio known as Los Megas was created by the IWRG around the turn of the millennium as they took three of their regular wrestlers and turned them into the masked fan favorite team of Mega, Super Mega and Ultra Mega. Los Megas would win the Distrito Federal Trios Championship as well as the IWRG Intercontinental Tag Team Championship. On May 19, 2002 Super Mega was forced to unmask after he lost a match to Kung Fu Jr. Following his mask loss Super Mega left IWRG to work for Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) as Último Vampiro instead. Super Mega was replaced with Omega to keep Los Megas a Trio. In 2003 IWRG introduced a group designed to be the "archenemy" of Los Megas in the form of Los Comandos (Comando Mega, Comando Gama and Comando Omega), who were dark and destructive to counter Los Megas' bright, kid-friendly personas. The groups developed their rivalry for the better part of a year, escalating the tension between the two groups. Los Comandos scored a major victory in the feud when Comando Gama defeated Omega in a Lucha de Apuesta. Omega removed his mask and subsequently was only used sporadically after that point. Mega was the last of the Los Megas trio to lose his mask as he lost a steel cage match in the main event of the 2004 El Castillo del Terror ("The Tower of Terror") and was forced to unmask. In the spring of 2007 IWRG introduced a new version of Los Oficiales as they introduced a trio of masked "policemen". All three wrestlers had previously worked for IWRG under other names but were reintroduced as Oficial Fierro (Formerly Ultra Mega), Oficial 911 (formerly Comando Mega) and Oficial AK-47. Over the following years Los Oficiales developed into IWRG's top act, winning several team championships such as the Districto Federal Trios Championship, the IWRG Intercontinental Trios Championship and the IWRG Intercontinental Tag Team Championship. The first of the trio to lose his mask was Oficial AK-47, who lost a Lucha de Apuestas match to Trauma I on December 22, 2011. The following year, on November 1, 2012 Oficial Fierro lost the 2012 El Castillo del Terror match to El Ángel and was forced to unmask. Oficial 911 was forced to unmask when he and Mosco X-Fly lost a match to Golden Magic and El Hijo de Pirata Morgan on the Arena Naucalpan 36th Anniversary Show, hend on December 19, 2013. Panamania wrestler Rafael Ernesto Medina Baeza started working as the masked character "Veneno" (Spanish for "Venom") in 2000 when he began to work for CMLL in Mexico. In CMLL he was part of Los Boricuas and through that association he was matched up against former Los Boricuas member Gran Markus Jr. in a long running storyline. The two met at the 2002 Homenaje a Dos Leyendas show where Gran Markus Jr. defeated Veneno, forcing him to unmask as a result. Storylines The event featured seven professional wrestling matches with different wrestlers involved in pre-existing scripted feuds, plots and storylines. Wrestlers were portrayed as either heels (referred to as rudos in Mexico, those that portray the "bad guys") or faces (técnicos in Mexico, the "good guy" characters) as they followed a series of tension-building events, which culminated in a wrestling match or series of matches. Up until the Arena Naucalpan 38th Anniversary Show on December 20, 2015 Danny Casas and Toscano had teamed up on several occasions without any signs of issues between the two. At the Arena Naucalpa Anniversary Show Casas, Toscano, Tortuga Rafy and Veneno lost to the team of Máscara Año 2000 Jr., Negro Navarro, Pirata Morgan and Trauma II. After the loss Toscano blamed Danny Casas for the loss, pushing him out of the way as he left the ring. A week after the Anniversary show Toscano challenged Danny Casas to a singles match, which the veteran wrestler Toscano won by bending the rules. Following hs victory Toscano challenged Danny Casas to a Lucha de Apuestas, or "bet match", with both wrestlers putting their hair on the line at the IWRG 20th Anniversary Show. In the main event, Toscano played the rudo part throughout the match, although all three falls ended cleanly. In the end Danny Casas pinned Toscano to win the third and deciding fall. Afterwards Toscano had all his hair shaved off while in the middle of the ring. After the match Toscano shook Danny Casas' hand and walked off. The storyline between Casas and Toscano ended at the anniversary show, the two faced off during the preliminary round of the 2016 El Protector tournament but showed no signs of animosity. Event During the event Milo Ventura Chávez, better known under the ring name Ultraman was honored by IWRG and the crowd as he accepted a plaque and then accompanied his son, Ultraman Jr. to the ring for the fourth match of the night. During the first steel cage match rivals Trauma I and Canis Lups were the first two out of the cage, making Lucha de Apuestas challenges towards each other afterwards, both wanting the other to put their mask on the line. Mr. Águila clipped Danny Casas' knees and then climbed out of the cage, forcing Casas to wrestle later in the night. Mr. Elektro and El Hijo de Dos Caras were the first two wrestlers to escape the second cage match, leaving Toscano and Máscara Año 2000 Jr. in the cage. Máscara Año 2000 Jr. looked like he could not continue wrestling and actually told Toscano to just climb out of the cage. Instead, Toscano landed a low blow foul on Máscara Año 2000 Jr. and lost the match by disqualification. Toscano stated he did it to get revenge on Danny Casas for taking his hair almost six months prior. In the main event Toscano took advantage of Casas being hurt in the previous match and quickly defeated him. As a result of the match Casas had his hair shaved off moments before he was taken from the ring on a stretcher. Results References External links 2016 in professional wrestling 2016 in Mexico 2016 June 2016 events in Mexico

Kirkintilloch Castle was located in Kirkintilloch, East Dunbartonshire, Scotland. A castle was built in the 12th century, by the Comyn family. Kirkintilloch was granted burgh status in 1211. During the Scottish wars of independence an English garrison was stationed there, commanded by Sir Philip de Moubray. The garrison was dispatched to arrest William Wallace at Robroyston in 1305 and escorted him to Dumbarton Castle. Also in 1305, the garrison is recorded as having sent a petition to King Edward I of England complaining of non-payment of wages. Bishop Robert Wishart laid siege to the castle in 1306, but the siege was not successful. During 1307, King Robert the Bruce granted Kirkintilloch to Malcolm Fleming, but the castle appears to have been destroyed and abandoned. The Flemings chose not to rebuild the castle, instead basing themselves at Cumbernauld Castle. It is recorded that stone ramparts survived into the 18th century, before the stone was quarried for reuse. Traces of a motte (mound) can still be seen in Peel Park in the town. The motte is rectangular, measuring , with a ditch to its south and east sides. The castle was constructed on the line of the Roman Antonine Wall, adjacent to a fort. Peel Park is designated as a scheduled monument of national importance for this collection of historic features. Citations References Coventry, Martin. (2008). Castles of the Clans: The Strongholds and Seats of 750 Scottish Families and Clans. Further reading Young, Alan; "Robert the Bruce's Rivals: The Comyns, 1212-1314", Tuckwell Press, 1997, , 9781862320536 Castles in East Dunbartonshire Demolished buildings and structures in Scotland Former castles in Scotland Scheduled Ancient Monuments in East Dunbartonshire Clan Comyn

The 2021 Indianapolis 8 Hours was an endurance race held on 17 October 2021 at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Speedway, in Indiana, United States. The event was open to cars in GT classes, namely GT3 and GT4. It was the second running of the Indianapolis 8 Hour. It was also the second leg of the 2021 Intercontinental GT Challenge and the seventh and final race of the 2021 GT World Challenge America. The GT World Challenge America results were determined by the race results after three hours instead of the full eight hours. The race was run on the SCCA Runoffs layout, not the INDYCAR Grand Prix layout as was done the previous year, as it was made necessary as a result of kerbing damage in the Turn 5-6 chicane during the Verizon 200 NASCAR-INDYCAR meeting. The Runoffs course utilised the old Formula One course with the newer Snake Pit section. Class structure Cars competed in the following two GT classes. GT3 Cars GT4 Cars Entry List Qualifying Qualifying results Pole positions in each class are denoted in bold. Race Result Class winners denoted with bold and . References External links Indianapolis Indianapolis 8 Hours

Acme Chattogram (Bengali: অ্যাকমি চট্টগ্রাম) is a professional field hockey team based in Chittagong. It is one of the founding teams of professional franchise field hockey league HCT Bangladesh. Founded in 2022, the team is owned by Acme Group.They are the champions of the inaugural season. History Acme Group bought one of the six teams from the inaugural season of the Hockey Champions Trophy Bangladesh. Waseem Ahmad became the head coach of Acme Chattogram for the inaugural season.They became champion of the inaugural season. Current technical staff As of October 2022 Current Roster As of October 2022 Seasons References Field hockey in Bangladesh Field hockey teams Sport in Chittagong

Ophichthus tomioi is an eel in the family Ophichthidae (worm/snake eels). It was described by John E. McCosker in 2010. It is a marine, deep water-dwelling eel which is known from the Indo-Pacific, including the Philippines, the Seychelles Islands, Marquesas, and Fiji. It dwells at a depth range of . Males can reach a maximum total length of . Etymology The species epithet "tomioi" was given in honour of Tomio Iwamoto (b. 1939), an ichthyologist at the California Academy of Sciences. Iwamoto collected the holotype specimen. References Fish described in 2010 Taxa named by John E. McCosker tomioi

The free association movement in Puerto Rico refers to initiatives throughout the history of Puerto Rico aimed at changing the current political status of Puerto Rico to that of a sovereign freely associated state. Locally, the term soberanista ("sovereignty supporter") refers to someone that seeks to redefine the relationship between Puerto Rico and the United States to that of a compact with full sovereignty. The term is mostly used in reference to those that support a compact of free association or a variation of this formula, commonly known as Estado Libre Asociado (ELA) Soberano ("Sovereign Associated Free State" or "Free Associated State"), between Puerto Rico and the United States. Members of the independence movement that are willing to pursue alliances with this ideology are occasionally referred to as such, but are mostly known as independentistas ("independence supporters"). Consequently, soberanismo (English: "sovereigntism") then became the local name for the free association movement. Early proposals pursuing an unrefined form of sovereign association emerged during the 1880s and 1920s, but failed to gain an immediate foothold. The current territorial Commonwealth status is the consequence of its architect's inability to implement his original vision. When first proposed by Resident Commissioner Antonio Fernós-Isern, the concept was akin to a form of sovereign free association such as the one found in the Commonwealth realms. In 1950, Fernós used his function as Resident Commissioner to influence a process held between March 30 and July 3, that ended with the approval of Public Law 600, which allowed Puerto Rico to draft its own Constitution and adopt a new political system. He expected that by adopting this law, the control that the United States retained would only be considered a form of trusteeship, with sovereignty being partially split between both sides due to voluntary relegation, in line with the United Nations Trusteeship Council. At the moment Fernós expected that the territorial clause would not apply after reclaiming sovereignty, due to the fact that the United States never incorporated Puerto Rico. During the original negotiation process in Congress, Fernós was aware that several key elements of his project were being removed, but opted to focus on its initial approval, believing that he would not be able to accomplish everything at once. Under these arguments, the adoption of Law 600 was approved on June 5, 1951. The name of Estado Libre Asociado (lit. "Associated Free State") was adopted as the official Spanish name, while the official English name avoided naming any form of association or freedom, simply being called "Commonwealth". Unsatisfied with the model approved, Fernós spent the following years attempting to "perfect" the Commonwealth to reflect the eponymous model in which it was based. The first project towards that goal was presented in 1953 and pursued the derogation of Puerto Rico's status as a United States possession. Despite receiving support from the United States Department of the Interior, at the moment directly in charge of territorial affairs, and the Congressional commissions that studied it, Luis Muñoz Marín ordered its retirement. This decision was later blamed on the armed forces of the United States, who opposed any decision that would endanger their complete control of the strategic territory of Puerto Rico during the height of the Cold War. Subsequent projects focused on the pursuit of sovereignty, including the Aspinall Project, which was consistent with free association as defined in UN General Assembly Resolution 1514, but failed to advance in Congress for similar reasons. During the late 1980s, PR Sen. Marco Rigau presented a free association project that received the rejection of conservative governor Rafael Hernández Colón, establishing the sides that would permeate the internal debate of the Popular Democratic Party (PPD) during the following decades. The option made its debut backed by an independent group in the inconclusive 1998 status referendum, where none of the actual status options won. The 2000s brought forth a re-emergence of the free association movement with the prominence of new leaders such as mayors William Miranda Marín, José Aponte de la Torre and Rafael Cordero Santiago. In 2008, the ELA Soberano was adopted as the PPD's institutional position by governor Aníbal Acevedo Vilá, a transcendental move for the movement that resounded beyond the re-election campaign. Despite being inherited by two conservative leaders, the soberanistas have continued to gain a stronghold within the PPD, seizing prominent positions including the mayorship of the Puerto Rican capital of San Juan. The exposition also led to the creation of other movements that supported the ideal, such as Alianza pro Libre Asociación Soberana (ALAS) and Movimiento Unión Soberanista (MUS). As of the Puerto Rican status referendum, 2012, sovereign free association is the option with the largest growth margin among all, experiencing a hundredfold (4,536 to 454,768) expansion in only 14 years. Historical progression Early proposals of sovereign association as a "third option" Due to Puerto Rico's historical status debate, proposals consistent with the modern free association movement can be traced to the times when Puerto Rico was a colony of the Spanish Empire. In March 1887, Román Baldorioty de Castro presented a proposal based on the British North America Act of 1867, the accord that ended the United Kingdom's colonial rule over Canada and allowed it to become a sovereign Dominion, during the inaugural convention of the Autonomist Party. However, there this effort was thwarted by the conservative members of the party, who supported a project that would turn the remaining Spanish colonies into autonomous provinces. Ever the diplomat, Baldorioty supported the posture of the mayority, ending the first attempt to create a form of sovereign association for Puerto Rico. This was followed by the Spanish–American War, which concluded with Spain surrendering the sovereignty of its colonies to the United States. The first proposal of an "Associated Free State of Porto Rico" under this regime emerged in 1922 from Union of Puerto Rico, then led by Antonio R. Barceló. Its creator was a lawyer named Miguel Guerra Mondragón, who based his proposal in the recognition of the sovereignty of separate constituent countries seen during the creation of the current model of the United Kingdom. This initial version was ignored by the House of Representatives, despite being officially presented by Democratic congressman Phillip Campbell. Afterwards, a modified version was created by Epifanio Fernández Vanga, who described it as a "status where the people, being free, elected to associate with other people to establish a democratic base which due to mutual consent included tight economic and economic ties". This definition was officially adopted in the Union's platform. However, during the following years the discussion of the status issue stagnated, instead replaced with the serious economic concerns brought forth by the Great Depression. The Union lost its name and insignia after dissolving an alliance with the Republican Party, instead being reorganized into the new Liberal Party of Puerto Rico. This party proposed a two-step solution to the status issue, first obtaining a form of economic sovereignty and later proclaiming independence. Luis Muñoz Marín was part of the group that idealized this model. However, pressured by the economic influence of the sugar industry, the status discussion was stalled. This was exacerbated by serious differences between Barceló and Muñoz. The pursue of sovereignty within the Popular Democratic Party (Puerto Rico) (PPD) can be traced to the moment of its foundation. Initial PPD proposals; other groups The ongoing controversy over the nature of the Commonwealth and the status of its sovereignty led to the creation of groups that competed with the established parties, such as Directorio Soberanista (lit. "Pro-Sovereignty Directory"), which promoted free association, but the existence of these was brief. On November 19, 1970, the Central Council of the PPD issued what became known as the Pronunciamiento de Aguas Buenas (lit. "Aguas Buenas Pronnouncement"), which stated its support for a "complete self-government, founded in the free association with the United States and which permits and supports the country's cultural personality and the sustained development of its social and material progress." However throughout the 1970s, conservative PPD president Hernández Colón argued that the Commonwealth already represented a form of association and the issue stagnated. Despite this, a number of unsuccessful initiatives emerged within the PPD, arguing for a form of association where the sovereignty of was directly included in the negotiation between both parties. In 1976, PROELA became the first free association organization affiliated to the PPD. The latter years of this decade brought forth a resolution where the UN's Decolonization Committee weighted on the possibility of Puerto Rico becoming an associated free state, which concluded that it was a viable option. Despite this, the topic remained unattended within the PPD while the pro-statehood PNP began a preemptive campaign where it likened free association to independence and the Soviet Union. During the 1980s, the Bar Association of Puerto Rico determined that pre-existing compacts of association could be modified to fit the local needs. Within the PPD, senator Marco Antonio Rigau officially presented a free association proposal to the PPD's Government Board (Spanish: Junta de Gobierno), but (now governor) Hernández Colón dismissed the idea as one that contradicted the postures of his administration and stated that free association was only supported by a few "liberal quills" within the PPD and presented his own initiative excluding sovereignty as an element. Despite representing one of the earliest confrontations between the factions of the party and that the conservatives held most positions of influence, the ongoing faction skirmishes concluded with a new definition of "Commonwealth" being adopted by the General Council due to the initiative of liberal Carlos Vizcarrondo, stating that any future development would be "non colonial and non territorial". The 1990s began with Victoria Muñoz Mendoza adopting her predecessor's conservative postures in her attempt to become governor. After this failed, the party was involved in a status referendum promoted by the PNP, administration of Pedro Rosselló where Ponce mayor Rafael Cordero Santiago mediated a timid support for sovereignty in the definition of "Commonwealth" present in the ballot. In 1997, following the failed campaign of conservative Héctor Luis Acevedo for the governorship, representative Aníbal Acevedo Vilá became the president of the PPD. Under his presidency, a Status Commission led to the Caguas mayor William Miranda Marín and senator José Ortiz Dalliot, both liberals, to determine that there was an ideological disparity between the conservative message of past PPD presidents and the party's base. While Acevedo Vilá and other factions argued for a non territorial development to the Commonwealth, when US Rep. Don Young introduced United States-Puerto Rico Political Status Act in 1997 the party was divided on its language and the proposed format, eventually leaving PROELA as the only faction that supported it. The following year, the party resumed their argument for a "non territorial and non colonial" development of the Commonwealth that allowed Puerto Rico to freely commerce with other countries and join international organization while retaining the United States Citizenship. Sovereignty was subsequently approved by the PPD's Government Board as an institutional position, with the support of Cordero, Miranda and Carolina mayor José Aponte de la Torre. However, the same group opted not to test this new definition in the second status referendum organized by the Rosselló administration and instead opted to unify both of the party's faction in a vote for a "None of the above" option, while other a group of young PPD activists took the initiative to support the free association option, which, despite receiving only 4,536 votes, fared well against the "territorial Commonwealth's" 993. Prior to this, Ortiz Guzmán attempted to contest the definition of the "free association" option, but was unable to derail the process. Acevedo Vilá, Miranda Marín and the ELA Soberano Despite conservative Sila Calderón becoming the PPD's candidate for governor, a moderate support for sovereignty was included in the party's platform prior to the 2000 general elections, and Acevedo Vilá was elected as candidate for Resident Commissioner over Hernández Colón's son, José Alfredo Hernández Mayoral. The PPD won both positions in the general elections. Both branches of the legislature were controlled by liberals, with Antonio Fas Alzamora becoming the PR Senate's president and Vizcarrondo the PR House of Representatives' speaker. However, Calderón avoided the status issue throughout her term, leading to her expressions contrasting against those of liberal figures such as Cordero Santiago, Miranda Marín and Acevedo Vilá himself, while figures that formerly supported (including some that helped establish it) the territorial Commonwealth such as José Trias Monge began expressing a support for the pursue of sovereignty. Acevedo Vilá became the PPD's governor candidate for the 2004 general elections, where he defeated Roselló but was only able to secure a shared governance when conservative Roberto Pratts lost the party's bid for resident commissioner. During the process, he promoted the organization of a Constituent Assembly, eventually presenting a project that was abandoned as part of an ongoing power struggle between the PPD and PNP. In 2005, George W. Bush's administration released a task force report in December 2005, which was met with opposition by both factions of the PPD since it concluded that Congress held all sovereignty over Puerto Rico but also described free association as akin to independence. Following the intervention of figures such as Aponte, the party expressed its support for a form of association that included sovereignty, but during the following years status initiatives were sparse beyond declarations made before the United Nation's Decolonization Committee or the support expressed by the PPD's General Assembly for the organization of a Constituent Assembly. On April 27, 2008, Acevedo Vilá argued for the sovereign development of the commonwealth and began an internal process to define a form of sovereign association for the party to defend, which was prepared by a commission formed by members of both factions (legislators Luis Vega Ramos and Fas Alzamora and Hector Ferrer and non-elected figures such as Hernández Mayoral, among others) and moderated by Miranda Marín, eventually leading to the adoption of the concept of a ELA Soberano (interchangeably known as either "Sovereign Associated Free State" or "Sovereign Commonwealth" in English), which included features of both free association and the commonwealth. However, Acevedo Vilá lost the bid for re-election while facing a federal indictment and Ferrer took over as president of the PPD, resuming the conservative postures of previous presidents. This marked the return of Hernández Colón as the party's main ideologue and the most influential member of the Government Board leading to a number of conservatives being named to fill most of the party's roles, including the certification of Hernández Mayoral as Secretary of International and Federal Affairs, a move that led to internal conflict that was protested by liberals, who eventually decided to leave their seats in protest. A group of functionaries mentored by the former governor began a public campaign against the pro-sovereignty postures of the previous administration, being led by senator Alejandro García Padilla, Roberto Pratts and a now-conservative Jorge Colberg. This move was sorely received by the liberal faction, which noted that representatives Carmen Yulín Cruz, Charlie Hernández, Luis Vega Ramos and Luis Raúl Torres, as well as senators Antonio Fas Alzamora and Cirilo Tirado were directly elected, while conservatives such as Colberg Toro entered as a product of the Minority Law. Within the PPD this conflict was met with a variety of reactions, most notably the forma division of estadolibrismo in two well-defined factions, soberanistas that support sovereignty and autonomistas that support more autonomy inside the territorial clause. Led by an increasingly vocal Miranda Marín, soberanistas gained a foothold in the Mayor's Association. Hernández Mayoral emerged as the conservative's public speaker, to the point of promoting that the soberanistas were expelled from the party. The PNP-led Luis Fortuño administration began pursuing another status referendum through Pedro Pierluisi's H.R. 2499 (known as the Puerto Rico Democracy Act). This move ignited these differences and Ferrer reacted by reaching an agreement with Miranda Marín to keep the discussion contained in an internal committee, but this failed when its appointed chairman, Colberg, resigned and joined Hernández Mayoral and García Padilla in a public critic of the soberanistas, with the party's president eventually siding with the conservatives. Outside the party, the PPD's conservative postures led to the inclusion of groups such as the Alianza Pro-Libre Asociación Soberana (ALAS), Asociación de Estudiantes Puertorriqueños por un ELA Soberano and the Instituto Soberanista Puertorriqueño/Movimiento Unión Soberanista (MUS) in the media, the first two supporting free association while the third supported sovereignty as a concept. Among these, Proyecto de Alianza e Impacto Soberanista (Pais) featured the direct participation of Miranda Marín. Fortuño quickly exploited these conflicts, intervening and telling the PPD to define itself, and also claiming that the definition of "Sovereignty in association with the United States" present in H.R. 2499 was taken from the 2008 Programme of Government. However, Acevedo Vilá contested this assertion, citing that it was a PNP artifact and reaffirming his own compromise with a PPD-defined sovereign status with the support of the soberanistas. Ferrer continued denying any support for free association, instead adopting a proposal to pursue a "fourth option" beyond the three stated in international laws (citing a sentence of General Assembly Resolution 2625 that allows for "other arrangements" between nations) in an attempt to reach a consensus. However, Alfredo Hernández Mayoral was the first to dismiss the possibility that this meant a definitive ceasefire and published an opinion column criticizing the soberanistas, which prompted a rebuttal by Vega Ramos. Ferrer presented this concept before the UN's decolonization committee and rejected free association before Congress, whereas the soberanistas and PROELA defended sovereignty. Several conservative members publicly differed on how to proceed on the status issue. Ferrer responded by proposing a "New Social Pact" that would work to unify both factions in theory, but several members of the party were cautious and the conflict resumed with another piece published by Hernández Mayoral that received support by Sila Mari González and García Padilla. After responses by Vega Ramos and Charlie Hernández, Acevedo Vilá took responsibility for the loss and dismissed the conservative argument, while Miranda Marín directly questioned the honesty of the premise. While the latter began sounding as a potential governor candidate, the conservative wing responded by promoting the final draft of Colberg Toro's document for a territorial development. On October 8, 2009, the US. House Committee on Natural Resources published House Report 111-294, which directly dismissed the possibility of further developing the Commonwealth under the sovereignty of Congress. The document criticized the support given by the conservative wing of the PPD to an enhanced territorial commonwealth, stating that "this hybrid proposal continues to be promoted in Puerto Rico as a feasible status option. Such proposals have resulted in misinformed and inconclusive referendums in Puerto Rico in July 1967, November 1993 and December 1998." The status issue then took a hiatus while the party opposed H.R. 2499 in Washington, while the soberanistas were faced with the difficulties of Miranda Marín being diagnosed with pancreatic cancer. Pacto de Asociación, 2012 referendum and David Bernier At the urging of Hernández Mayoral, Ferrer converted a proposal by Colberg into Government Board Resolution JG-2010-003, which directly rejected free association as an option. After passing on a divided vote, the document was globally panned by soberanistas, who argued that if the liberal wing is excluded that would mean a guaranteed loss for the PPD and questioned its viability without the approval of the General Council. Hernández Mayoral expresses satisfaction and invited them to leave the party, while the conservative wing justified the move as one that anticipated a future referendum. The soberanistas appealed to the party's base via a petition. Acevedo Vilá and Ferrer continued an argument that extended to the other sectors of the party. More formal rebuttals included a request to overturn the Resolution by the interim-president of the Mayor's Association, Josian Santiago, and the presentation of a free association proposal by senator Fas Alzamora and lawyer Ramón Luis Nieves, which was openly supported by the soberanistas but only met a lukewarm reception by Ferrer and criticized by other conservatives. While the ideological struggle continued within the PPD, ALAS formally requested to act as the representative of free association in the referendum. In the midst of this controversy, Miranda Marín issued a pro-sovereignty speech that gathered the support of soberanistas within the party and of ALAS and Ponce's Movimiento Autónomo Ponceño. However, Ferrer openly disagreed, leading to a fruitless reunion between both. Meanwhile, the Obama administration organized a Task Force to deal with the status issue, and Ferrer named Hernández Mayoral as the official representative of the PPD, while free association was defended by PROELA. During the public hearings for H.R. 2499, a group of lobbyists led by Ferrer managed to convince US Rep. Virginia Foxx to present an amendment that would include the territorial Commonwealth (described as "status quo") in the project, essentially neutralizing its intention to pursue "non territorial options". The subsequent approval of this amended proposal in the US House of Representatives was not supported by the soberanistas of the PPD. ALAS also criticized it as an "attempt to prolong the anguish of the colony represented by the current Commonwealth". As the project moved to the Senate, the PPDCsoberanistas insisted on a Constituent Assembly, while ALAS endorsed it. On June 4, 2010, Miranda Marín died from complication of cancer, with conservative José Varela presenting an aborted candidature before the Municipal Committee, being revoked and later defeated by the former mayor's son in an ideological campaign. After Ferrer announced the eventual organization of an "Internal Constituent Assembly" to refine the party's status ideology, the soberanistas criticized that the Pacto de futuro was being pushed to become the official posture, since according to them "it [was not] even a pact per se", but a "manual that failed to establish specific details". PROELA and ALAS supported these arguments. However, Colberg and Hernández Mayoral argued against sovereignty in response. This conflict eventually led to the creation of a Status Commission by the PPD's Government Board. On November 9, 2010, the MUS applied to be recognized as a political party for the 2012 general elections, but were met with opposition from conservatives within the PPD. Ferrer inherited the position of PPD president to fellow conservative Alejandro García Padilla, who on March 6, 2011, announced his intention to run as candidate for the office of governor. The soberanistas took a cautious approach to this candidature, since the new candidate noting that the status issue was not an immediate priority, but middle ground was reached with a Constituent Assembly proposal. On March 16, 2011, the President's Task Force released their report, joining the others in stating that Puerto Rico remains under the Territory Clause of the U.S. Constitution and that any attempt to pursue an enhanced Commonwealth within the Territorial Clause would be "constitutionally problematic" and not permanent, but mechanism proposed by the document was not supported by the sovereigntists, who felt that it placed the options in arbitrary classifications and kept the territorial Commonwealth as a viable option. In April 2011, the PPD's Status Commission released a report that included "10 principles of association" for the non-territorial development of the Commonwealth, a dissection of both the Pacto de Asociacion and the Pacto de futuro, a study of the President's Task Force report and a recommendation to establish a permanent Status Commission. However, the document did not gather the support of the new candidate and was not acted upon. On October 26, 2011, noted liberal Rafael Cox Alomar was announced as the candidate for the office of Resident Commissioner, but he adopted a more conservative discourse during the political campaign. In 2011, the conservative wing launched an aggressive campaign among the PPD's base to ensure that the soberanistas failed to be elected in to the party's Government Board centering it around both of Hernández Colón's sons, but this move failed and all but one of the liberal candidates were elected. On October 4, 2011, Fortuño announced that his administration would hold a local status referendum after H.R. 2499 failed to advance in the US Senate. In the project proposed and later approved, voters were going to be asked two questions: (1) whether they agreed to continue with Puerto Rico's territorial status and -if not- (2) to indicate the political status they preferred from three possibilities: "Statehood", "Independence" or a "Sovereign Associated Free State". The referendum was set for November 6, 2012, the same day of the general elections. In February 2012, the government board led by García Padilla announced the strategy of the conservative leadership to participate in the referendum, to vote "Yes" to continuing under the territorial clause and to not vote for any of the non-territorial options listed in the second question. However, the soberanistas countered by openly promoting a vote for the "Sovereign Free Association" option, while adhering to the leadership's mandate to vote "Yes" in the first question. However, García Padilla temporarily suspended Rep. Charlie Hernández when the announced that he would also vote for the "No" option was made. In the midst of this ideological confrontation, members of the free association movement topped the vote to select the party's PR House of Representative at-large candidates at the 2012 PPD's primary. Despite winning a spot in this event, Carmen Yulín opted to run for the mayorship of San Juan after then-candidate Ferrer was involved in a scandal. In April 2012, ALAS presented the signatures required to become the official representative of "Sovereign Associated Free State" in the referendum and co-representative of the "No" option. Within the PPD, Acevedo Vilá emerged as the leader of the faction that supported the Sovereign Associated Free State, while two additional groups, Populares Pro ELA soberano (lit. "PPD affiliates pro-Sovereign Associated Free State") and Amigos del ELA Soberano (lit. "Friends of the Sovereign Associated Free State"), joined ALAS. The MUS formed alliance with sovereignts candidates of the PPD, but did not take an official stance of the referendum. At the 2012 General Elections García Padilla became governor while the majority of soberanistas were re-elected as mayors and additional sympathizers joined the incumbents in the legislature. Carmen Yulín scored what was described as the "upset of the elections", defeating Jorge Santini to become mayor of San Juan. The "Sovereign Free Association" option finished second in the status referendum by gathering 33.34% (449,679) of the valid votes. However, the other half of the PPD affiliates followed the strategy supported by Garcia Padilla, leading to 480,918 blank votes. The "No" (to continuing under the Territorial Clause) option defeated the "Yes" option 54% to 46%. García Padilla then named Juan Eugenio Hernández Mayoral to direct the Puerto Rico Federal Affairs Administration (PRFAA) and had previously retained his brother in the position of Secretary of International and Federal Affairs, preserving Hernández Colón's conservative stance during his administration. On January 2, 2013, Luis Vega Ramos presented P.C. 210, a bill supporting the organization of the Constituent Assembly, on behalf of the Bar Association of Puerto Rico. However, after the Obama administration presented a budget including 2.5 million to cost the education campaign of a future status process, García Padilla reaffirmed his support for the territorial Commonwealth and discarded the Constituent Assembly supported by the soberanistas. After opposing further proposals for a Constituent Assembly, García Padilla went on to state that no further actions to attend the status issue would take place in 2013, disregarding another initiative to discuss a Constituent Assembly in the legislature. On July 1, 2013, conservative Eduardo Ferrer relinquished his position of Representative at-large for the PPD, formally opening a vacancy at the PR House for the PPD. The party announced that the position would be filled with the vote of the General Council's delegates during a special election. Only five candidates made the cut to be on the final ballot, Claribel Martínez Marmolejos, Yasmín Mejías, Carlos Rechani, Darlene Reyes and Manuel Natal Albelo. Of them only Natal was openly soberanista and his bid was considered difficult, since it placed him in direct conflict with the conservative leadership, but he was elected despite another ideological clash that featured García Padilla quoting Hernández Colón's assertion that the soberanistas were nothing but a "few quills". At the PPD Convention, the soberanistas reunited with García Padilla in private to discuss the Constituent Assembly resolution. After a period of negotiations that lasted over ten hours, the group led by Tirado allowed the proposal presented the next day to be discussed without directly referencing that the option presented by the PPD had to be "non colonial [and] non territorial". The PIP and Bar Association of Puerto Rico presented their own Constituent Assembly proposal and public hearings were scheduled. However, the approval of 2.5 million for a referendum overseen by the US Department of Justice in the Obama administration's budget led to a pause in actions. Despite the development, the soberanistas felt that a Constituent Assembly should take place first, serving as the negotiation table between Puerto Rico, the US Department of Justice and Congress, with the viable options that emerged from this collaboration being voted for in a referendum. The onset of the Puerto Rican government-debt crisis pushed the status issue to a secondary role and after several months of inactivity, García Padilla revived the Joint Commission. Leading to the PPD's convention during the summer, the ideological schism resurfaced, with conservatives supporting a referendum as proposed by the Obama administration while the sovereigntists continued arguing for a Constituent Assembly. García Padilla pursued the first option and avoided defining the basics of the status option that was being proposed, instead proposing a "permanent discussion" on the matter. On August 30, 2014, the status issue was delegated to a committee of four ex-PPD presidents, Acevedo Vilá, Hernández Colón, Miguel Hernández Agosto and Héctor Luis Acevedo, which were supposed to reach a consensus. The Committee was unable to do and García Padilla did not intervene, leading to its eventual dissolution when Hernández Agosto was excused due to illness and Acevedo Vilá left when it was nearing a year of existence. Without a definition for the status formula to be defended in a referendum, the status issue stagnated during the following months, with the party seeking the counsel of constitutional lawyer Samuel Issacharoff by requesting his opinion on the viability of several proposals of both sovereign and territorial development. However, his reply was not made public and no further status initiatives were undertaken before García Padilla renounced his bid for re-election on December 14, 2015. Former Secretary of State David Bernier became the next president of the PPD and in his first message as candidate for Governor expressed that despite working towards a consensus, he personally believes in a "non colonial, non territorial" formula and favors a Constituent Assembly, also listing the status issue second among his priorities. The following day, this ideological shift resulted in Hernández Mayoral quitting his office as Secretary of Federal Affairs. In the first Board reunion presided by Bernier, members of both factions decided to wait for the resolution of Puerto Rico v. Sanchez Valle, a case active in the Supreme Court of the United States that could potentially rule that Puerto Rico does not currently possess any degree of sovereignty, before choosing which mechanism should be used. Other movements and activism From his position of Law Professor Antonio Fernós López-Cepero Jr. followed in the footsteps of his father, making his own proposals for a free association compact, among which was the elimination of the "colonial position" once occupied by his father, the Resident Commissioner. His defense of free association and constant critics to the conservative interpretation of his father's work by figures such as Rafael Hernández Colón, earned him the tongue-in-cheek nickname "high priest of soberanismo" from José Alfredo Hernández Mayoral. Among the independent voices that proposed a concept of free association was, Enrique Vázquez Quintana, who argued in his proposal that a concept based on the legendary round table should be established, with representation from the governments of Puerto Rico and the United States as well as a single representative from the United Nations. In 1997, noting the perception that the status debate was not advancing within the PPD, he proposed the creation of a new party, Partido por la Libre Asociación (lit. "Party for Free Association"), to directly promote free association. The initiative turned into the Partido Acción Civil (lit. "Civil Action Party"), which dropped the status from its platform, aborting the initiative. Ricardo Alegría, a fervent supporter of independence and culture, noted that he would be willing to temporarily support free association in this meant abolishing the territorial clause. Juan Mari Brás, expressed a similar position, claiming that while it is not independence, free association is flexible and "is not a one way street like statehood". In 2002, Julio Muriente of the Movimiento Independentista Nacional Hostosiano (MINH) a moderate pro-independence group, argued that if the free association movement gained prominence within the PPD, it was only a matter of time until the inmovilism surrounding the status debate was vanquished. Historian Ángel Collado Schwarz also created a radio show, where he discussed several historical events and topics, often discussing their relation to the status issue and sovereignty. The artistic class instead opted to support free association in their own medium, without directly entering the political arena. The most notable example was actor Víctor Alicea whose character, Epifanio González Villamil, had become an unofficial mascot to the PPD throughout the years. In 2009, after portraying the character as a fanatical follower of the PPD without taking a stance in the ideological struggle for more than two decades, Epifanio declared himself a soberanista. Alicea then began citing Miranda Marín, Cordero and Aponte as examples for the current leaders to follow. This move was made official with a "welcome card" issued by Carmen Yulín Cruz, Luis Vega Ramos and Charlie Hernández. The character also ran a tongue-in-cheek gubernatorial primary campaign within the PPD. He adopted the slogan Soberano y bonitillo pa' sacar a to' esos pillos (lit. "Sovereign(sic) and good lookin' to kick out all those thieves"), which he employed in a faux campaign. Non partisan demonstrations include that of Miguel Rodríguez, who on February 2, 2014, began an impromptu manifestation in front of La Fortaleza in support of free association, returning to the original vision of the PPD and of Miranda Marín's pro-sovereignty project. Institutional proposals Criteria of the PPD The premise of the Pacto de Asociación establishes that it is meant to bring forth a non-colonial and non-territorial status in accordance to International Law and based on the sovereignty of the people of Puerto Rico. To make this clear, the English name would replace "Commonwealth" with "Free Associated State". The document states that the act of recognizing Puerto Rico's sovereignty and entering into a compact of free association will be undertaken in a single step, without undergoing a period of independence. The representative of the United States would be aware of this fact when signing the proposal, thus completing the jurisdictional transition. As a sovereign entity, Puerto Rico would support dual citizenship, and the Puerto Rican citizenship would be internationally recognized along with the United States citizenship, capable of issuing its own functional passports. The establishment of a complete self-government would extend Puerto Rico's international presence, allowing it to have seats in international organizations and open its own embassies. Free passage would continue between both countries. The document does integrate some of the demands of the conservative wing, noting that it could only be amended by mutual agreement. Any differences in its interpretation would be attended by a bilateral Pact Tribunal, created immediately after the compact is enacted. It establishes that "acquired rights" such as Social Security, veterans, Medicare and Medicaid benefits would remain in place and that Puerto Ricans would continue to contribute to them. Internationally, Puerto Rico would revoke the application of the Cabotage Laws and would reserve the rights to control its land and sea (up to 200 miles offshore) for jurisdictional, environmental and communication purposes. The United States dollar would continue in use while Puerto Rico determines the application of tariffs, and in exchange the American banking laws will still apply. To secure the newly obtained fiscal autonomy, the United States would agree to contribute to six key economic aspects for a period of 30 years; education, health, private sector development, non-profit groups, the environment, and public infrastructure. Afterwards, both sides would decide if they will continue or modify this agreement. Local law enforcement would take priority, but cooperation with federal agencies to deal with concerns such as drug traffic is established. The United States will continue to have the right to retain military bases in Puerto Rican soil, but in exchange would have to contribute in the efforts to correct the environmental damage left by military practices in Vieques and Culebra, and control the flow of mail, but the (unilaterally established) Federal Court would be replaced in a period of three years. Criteria of the MUS The leadership of the MUS prefers to avoid the term ELA Soberano, instead simply referring to it as free association, claiming that it could be misinterpreted as a form of "enhanced" territorial Commonwealth. However, on September 12, 2013, the institution published a note stating that it would be willing to cooperate in an ELA Soberano proposal as long as it meets with a series of requirements. The first being that it should be compliant with Principle VI of the UN's 1541 Resolution and be product of a process of self-determination. The MUS also demands that Public Law 81-600, known as the Federal Relations Law and that keeps Puerto Rico subjected to the territorial clause, be abolished as part of the proposal stripping and retaining the sovereignty of Puerto Rico from the Congress of the United States. In a departure from the PPD's posture, the MUS seeks that the compact of association can be modified or concluded unilaterally as long as the decision is ratified by popular vote. Referendum definitions 1998 "This option would establish Puerto Rico as a sovereign nation separate from, but legally bound (on a terminable basis) to, the United States. As a general practice, free association would be preceded by recognition that Puerto Rico is a self-governing sovereign nation not part of the United States, because compacts of free association are legal documents between sovereign nations. Free association could be accompanied by a transition period in which the United States would continue to administer certain services and provide assistance to the island for a period of time specified in the compact. Free association could be annulled at any time by either nation. Negotiations over free association would likely decide issues of trade, defense, currency, and economic aid." 2012 "Puerto Rico should adopt a status outside of the Territory Clause of the Constitution of the United States that recognizes the sovereignty of the People of Puerto Rico. The Sovereign Free Associated State would be based on a free and voluntary political association, the specific terms of which shall be agreed upon between the United States and Puerto Rico as sovereign nations. Such agreement would provide the scope of the jurisdictional powers that the People of Puerto Rico agree to confer to the United States and retain all other jurisdictional powers and authorities." 2017 referendum Because there were almost 500,000 blank ballots in the 2012 referendum, creating confusion as to the voters' true desire, Congress decided to ignore the vote. On January 15, 2014, the House of Representatives approved $2.5 million in funding for Puerto Rico to hold a fifth referendum. The United States Senate then passed the bill, which was signed into law on January 17, 2014 by Barack Obama, then-President of the United States. The Puerto Rican status referendum, 2017 was held on June 11. The previous plebiscites provided three: "remain a Commonwealth", "Statehood", and "Independence/Free Association". The 2017 referendum was supposed to be the first referendum to offer voters only two options, "Statehood" and "Independence/Free Association"; however, after a request from the United States Department of Justice, "current status" was added back to the ballot. The option had been removed from the 2017 referendum in response to the results of the 2012 referendum in which remaining in the current status had been rejected. However, the Trump administration cited changes in demographics during the past 5 years to justify adding the option again. The referendum returned a result for statehood; but the result was considered invalid for low turnout, as a result of anti-statehood voters boycotting the referendum due to assertions in the wording of the ballot that were not acceptable to the anti-statehood parties. If the majority had favored Independence/Free Association, a second vote would have been held to determine the preference: full independence as a nation or associated free state status with independence but with a "free and voluntary political association" between Puerto Rico and the United States. The specifics of the association agreement would be detailed in the Compact of Free Association that would be negotiated between the U.S. and Puerto Rico. That document might cover topics such as the role of the US military in Puerto Rico, the use of the US currency, free trade between the two entities, and whether Puerto Ricans would be U.S. citizens. Governor Ricardo Rosselló was strongly in favor of statehood to help develop the economy and help to "solve our 500-year-old colonial dilemma ... Colonialism is not an option .... It's a civil rights issue ... 3.5 million citizens seeking an absolute democracy," he told the news media. Benefits of statehood include an additional $10 billion per year in federal funds, the right to vote in presidential elections, higher Social Security and Medicare benefits, and a right for its government agencies and municipalities to file for bankruptcy. The latter is currently prohibited. At approximately the same time as the referendum, Puerto Rico's legislators are also expected to vote on a bill that would allow the Governor to draft a state constitution and hold elections to choose senators and representatives to the federal Congress. Regardless of the outcome of the referendum or the bill on drafting a constitution, Congress will be the body to make the final decision on the status of Puerto Rico. Regardless of the outcome of either vote, action by the United States Congress would be necessary to implement changes to the status of Puerto Rico under the Territorial Clause of the United States Constitution. If the majority of Puerto Ricans were to choose the Free Association option - and only 33% voted for it in 2012 - and if it were granted by the US Congress, Puerto Rico would become a Free Associated State, a virtually independent nation. It would have a political and economical treaty of association with the U.S. that would stipulate all delegated agreements. This could give Puerto Rico a similar status to Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and Palau, countries that currently have a Compact of Free Association with the United States. Those Free Associated States use the American dollar, receive some financial support and the promise of military defense if they refuse military access to any other country. Their citizens are allowed to work in the U.S. and serve in its military. The agreement with Puerto Rico as an FAS however may be entirely different than it is with the current three countries because of the longer and closer relationship the territory has had with the United States. United Nations Special Committee on Decolonization Since 1953, the UN has been considering the Political status of Puerto Rico and how to assist it in achieving "independence" or "decolonization". In 1978, the Special Committee determined that a "colonial relationship" existed between the US and Puerto Rico. Note that the United Nations Special Committee on Decolonization has often referred to Puerto Rico as a nation in its reports, because, internationally, the people of Puerto Rico are often considered to be a Caribbean nation with their own national identity. Most recently, in a June 2016 report, the Special Committee called for the United States to expedite the process to allow self-determination in Puerto Rico. More specifically, the group called on the United States to expedite a process that would allow the people of Puerto Rico to exercise fully their right to self-determination and independence. ... [and] allow the Puerto Rican people to take decisions in a sovereign manner and to address their urgent economic and social needs, including unemployment, marginalization, insolvency and poverty". See also Notes Footnotes Bibliography Further reading Politics of Puerto Rico

"The Rise of Voltron" (also known by the individual episodes "The New Alliance", "From Days of Long Ago", and "Defenders of the Universe") is the first three episodes of Voltron: Legendary Defender. It was directed by Joaquim Dos Santos and Lauren Montgomery and written by Tim Hedrick, Joshua Hamilton and May Chan. In this episode, three cadets at the Galaxy Garrison Lance, Pidge, and Hunk along with Garrison dropout Keith, and Takashi 'Shiro' Shirogane, the leader of the Defenders of the Universe, who was captured by the villainous Galra Empire a year before the events of the series, are tasked by Princess Allura of Altea with finding five robotic lions to form Voltron. Plot During a mission to Kerberos, one of Pluto's moons, an expedition team, consisting of Shiro, Matthew Holt, and Samuel Holt, is attacked and imprisoned by a hostile alien craft from the Galra Empire while Galaxy Garrison—Earth's primary institution for space exploration—has presumed them dead. One year later on Earth, Garrison cadets Lance, Pidge and Hunk witness a vessel crash land and learn it contains Shiro, who has been quarantined after escaping from the Galra. As they form a rescue plan, Keith—a talented, but reckless academy washout—arrives and rescues Shiro before the five of them escape into the desert. Shiro is unable to remember anything from his captivity, but the group is able to determine the Galra are searching for a weapon known as "Voltron". Using what they know, they find a large robotic blue lion hidden in the desert and learn that Voltron is a robot formed from the blue and four other robot lions. The Blue Lion accepts Lance as its pilot and takes the five through a wormhole to the Castle of Lions on Arus, where they find Princess Allura, her royal advisor Coran and four space mice in cryostasis. Upon awakening, Allura is shocked to discover that 10,000 years have passed since they were placed in cryostasis. Haggar, advisor of Zarkon, leader of the Galra Empire, senses Allura's return and Zarkon sends Galra troops commanded by Sendak after them. Allura names the others as Voltron Paladins, bestows them with armor and bayards (the Paladins' weapons) and tasks them with finding the other lions. Lance and Hunk retrieve the Yellow Lion while Shiro accompanies Pidge to find the Green Lion. The Red Lion, as it is unfortunately revealed, is in the hands of the very Galra ship advancing on Arus. Unsure of whether to run or fight, Allura consults the artificial intelligence formed by the memories of her father, King Alfor, who admits he was wrong to hide Voltron and encourages her to fight. Keith, Shiro and Pidge infiltrate the ship so Keith can find the Red Lion while Shiro and Pidge, who repurposes a Galra drone dubbed "Rover", search the ship for prisoners, revealing to Shiro his father and brother were the other missing astronauts from the Kerberos mission Shiro was on. With all four lions retrieved, the Black Lion is released from the Castle and selects Shiro as its Paladin. All five Paladins use their lions to fight the Galra, and succeed in uniting to form Voltron and destroying Sendak's ship before accepting their new roles as the Defenders of the Universe. Reception The Rise of Voltron received positive reviews. Sarah Moran, writing for ScreenRant, called the premier "A worthy comeback" citing its "brisk pace" that quickly establishes its main characters as well as its "almost ridiculous amount of exposition, serving both to remind older viewers and bring those new to the concept up to speed." Moran also gave positive mention to the artstyle, calling it "sleek and modern" comparing it favorably to Dos Santos and Montgomery's previous series Avatar: The Last Airbender and The Legend of Korra as well as Young Justice. Collider's David Trumbore gave the episode 4 out of 5 stars, calling it a "great origin story" that "serves to bring newcomers and longtime fans alike up to speed on the new voices playing old characters". While Trumbore had a few qualms with some of the changes made from the original series such as Keith not being the leader and piloting the black lion he noted that most of the other changes were "minor" and that his introduction and arc setup were "quite promising", in conclusion he called the series "a worthy successor", the animation "beautiful to behold" and the action "fast-paced and fun while striking a balance with the show’s comedic and sometimes touching character moments. Dr. Zaius, writing for Geeks of Doom, gave the episode a positive review citing its "genuinely funny moments" and signaling out Hunk as his favorite character, comparing him positively to Tyler Labine's performance as Dale in Tucker & Dale vs. Evil. However, he was "glad" that the rest of the episodes were only 23 minutes long, as the 70-minute pilot felt "too long at times". References 2016 American television episodes American television series premieres

Jacob Franklin Mentzer III is an American fantasy author and game designer who worked on early materials for the Dungeons & Dragons (D&D) fantasy role-playing game. He was an employee of TSR, Inc. from 1980 to 1986, spending part of that time as creative advisor to the chairman of the board, Gary Gygax. He also founded the Role-Playing Games Association (RPGA) during his time with TSR. After Gygax was ousted from TSR at the end of 1985, Mentzer left TSR as well and helped him to start New Infinities Productions Inc. (NIPI). When this venture failed, Mentzer left the gaming industry, eventually becoming the manager of a bakery. In 2008, he closed down this business and, two years later, returned to the gaming industry as a founding partner of a new publishing company, Eldritch Enterprises. Early life Frank Mentzer was born in the Philadelphia suburb of Springfield, Pennsylvania, the older of two children; his sibling is Susanne Mentzer. While attending Springfield High School, he started to play folk music. He played his first paid folk music concert at the opening of the Visitors' Center for the Liberty Bell and Independence Hall in downtown Philadelphia at age sixteen. Immediately after Mentzer graduated from high school in 1968, his father, who worked for the National Park Service (NPS), moved the family to Maryland in order to work at Catoctin Mountain Park. Mentzer enrolled at West Virginia Wesleyan College, but he was also interested in furthering his folk music career. With his father's advice on who in the NPS to contact, Mentzer was able to arrange to play concerts at various NPS sites. In 1972, he was hired by NPS to play a public concert in the White House gardens for inner-city children. At one point during the concert Pat Nixon, followed by national news crews, came to listen, and a clip of Mentzer singing "If I Had a Hammer" subsequently appeared on national newscasts that evening. Following college graduation, Mentzer enrolled at Northeastern University for further studies in mathematics and physics. However, he subsequently moved back to the Philadelphia area, and for a short time during the 1970s, he worked as the manager of a pinball arcade. TSR, Inc. In the mid-1970s, Mentzer and a friend taught themselves how to play the new role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons, and he became part of a group of eight to twelve players who played several times a week. In 1979, TSR, the company that published D&D, advertised for a designer and an editor. Although Mentzer was initially uninterested since he had no editorial or design experience, fellow player David Axler, who would go on to write an article for the December 1981 issue of Dragon magazine about how to determine the weather in the World of Greyhawk campaign setting,—urged him to apply. Mentzer finally relented and after a phone interview with TSR, he was hired for the editorial position, Tom Moldvay was hired as the new designer, and in January 1980, Mentzer moved to Lake Geneva, Wisconsin. Soon after joining TSR, he was invited to participate in TSR's first "DM Invitational", a contest to choose D&D's best overall dungeon master; other contestants included Len Lakofka and Erol Otus. At Gen Con 1980, it was announced that Mentzer was the winner, and he was awarded a silver cup and a gold dragon chain of office. Mike Carr of TSR had been contemplating starting a TSR-sponsored D&D fan club. Shortly after Mentzer won the DM Invitational, Carr approached him about taking on that task. Mentzer agreed to form some sort of group but, rather than a simple fan club, he was interested in promoting better quality role-playing, especially during scored D&D events at conventions. Mentzer felt that the system as it stood rewarded those players that stayed quiet at the table, in effect punishing good role-players. He came up with a scoring system where the dungeon master and the players all voted on who had been the best role-player at the table. With this in place, Mentzer formed the Role Playing Game Association (RPGA), an organization that would promote quality role-playing and allow fans of role-playing games to meet and play games with each other. Mentzer wrote four RPGA tournament adventures set in his home campaign setting of "Aquaria", which he had been running since 1976; these were published by TSR as the first four of the R-series modules: R1 To the Aid of Falx, R2 The Investigation of Hydell, R3 The Egg of the Phoenix, and R4 Doc's Island. Mentzer envisioned them as becoming a part of Gary Gygax's World of Greyhawk setting, the first part of a new "Aqua-Oeridian" campaign set somewhere on Oerth outside of the Flanaess. (The connection between Aquaria and Greyhawk was never made, but these four modules were later revised by Mentzer and Paul Jaquays and re-published as the "super-module" I12 Egg of the Phoenix in 1989.) In his review of Egg of the Phoenix, Ken Rolston called Mentzer "a clever and original designer", and said that of all of the better-known adventure designers of the time he: "comes closest to creating scenarios in which the protagonists behave as if the game's rule books were physics texts describing the laws governing the workings of the universe". Mentzer became involved with the auction of hobby gaming materials at Gen Con in 1983, and was involved with what is now called the world's largest game auction every year until retiring after Gen Con 50 in 2017. Mentzer was soon promoted to Creative Director at TSR, and one of the tasks he was given was to collate and revise the various rules sets for Basic D&D in such a way that no rules, monsters, or other material that had been developed specifically for Advanced Dungeons & Dragons (AD&D), were borrowed. Mentzer's third edition of the D&D Basic Set (1983) was used to launch a series of five rules boxed sets that ultimately allowed characters to advance from first level to godhood. This resulted in the Expert (1984), Companion (1984), Master (1985), and Immortals (1986) boxed sets of D&D rules - collectively known as BECMI. These were eventually translated into eleven languages, and millions were sold worldwide. Mentzer's other work included: IM-1 The Immortal Storm (1986), I-11 Needle (1987), and an adventure module for TSR's Star Frontiers game based on Arthur C. Clarke's novel 2001: A Space Odyssey. Because of his work with the Gen Con game auction, Mentzer had become interested in the game memorabilia market, and along with James Ward and Jean Black, wrote The Game Buyers' Price Guide 1986, which summarized current market prices for hobby games. Further annual editions were planned, but when Mentzer left TSR, the project was shelved. Mentzer expanded Gary Gygax's Village of Hommlet adventure into the adventure module T1-4 The Temple of Elemental Evil (1985), the first of a new format of 96-page to 128-page squarebound paperback supplements, which allowed more space to detail settings and adventures. Mentzer worked closely with Gygax on that module, as well as the accessory The Book of Marvelous Magic (1985). New Infinities Productions, Inc. In late 1985, Gary Gygax and Lorraine Williams vied for control of TSR, which eventually resulted in Gygax's ousting. Mentzer, who had worked closely with Gygax for six years, and shared his vision of the direction for D&D, was unwilling to work for Williams, and left TSR in 1986. Gygax quickly formed New Infinities Productions, Inc. (NIPI) to create new products for the role-playing game market, and Mentzer joined as Design Executive. Mentzer, together with Gygax and Kim Mohan, formed the Creative Committee. The company's first product was the science fiction-themed Cyborg Commando, with Mentzer as the primary designer using notes from Gygax, which was published in 1987. New Infinites began working on a third product line, which began with an adventure written by Mentzer called The Convert (1987); TSR had rejected The Convert as a D&D adventure for an RPGA tournament, and while Mentzer got verbal permission to publish it with New Infinities, but since the permission was not in writing TSR filed an injunction to prevent its sale, and the adventure was never published even though the injunction was later lifted. The next project was a new fantasy role-playing game spanning multiple genres called Dangerous Journeys. It was originally to have been called Dangerous Dimensions, but the name was changed in response to the threat of a lawsuit from TSR, Inc. who claimed that the "DD" abbreviation would be too similar to "D&D." When the product was released by Game Designers' Workshop, TSR immediately sued for copyright infringement. The suit was eventually settled out of court, with TSR buying the complete rights to the Dangerous Journeys system from New Infinities and then permanently shelving the entire project. This led to the demise of NIPI, and Mentzer decided to leave the game industry. Life after game design For some years afterwards, Mentzer did a bit of writing, including Kam's Cooking Without Fire with Paul Kamikawa (1992), and "Trust at the Gaming Table", part of the Origins Award-winning Game Master Secrets Vol. II (Grey Ghost Press, 2003). He also became a collector of hobby games, and an expert on their worth at auction. In 2000, he and his second wife Debbie moved to Minocqua, Wisconsin and opened a bakery. His wife became the baker while Mentzer acted as manager. This operation eventually expanded to include three bakeries. However, running the bakeries was time-consuming, and by 2008, faced with other demands on their lives, the Mentzers decided to shut down their bakeries and move to Rockford, Illinois. Re-entering the game design market In November 2010, Tim Kask announced at the KC Game Fair that he, Mentzer, Jim Ward and Chris Clark had formed Eldritch Enterprises, in order to publish a variety of general works as well as new creations for roleplaying games written by the partners. Eldritch Enterprises was incorporated in April 2011, with immediate plans to publish a children's book series, a work by Mentzer's wife Debbie on baking techniques, recipes, and anecdotes, based on their time at The Baker's House, and various hobby game projects focused on "Old School" roleplaying systems such as the original D&D rule set and Jim Ward's seminal science fantasy game Metamorphosis Alpha. Frank Mentzer has retained the intellectual property rights to and is launching a Kickstarter for his Empyrea on October 2, 2017. As of October 18, 2017, the Kickstarter has been indefinitely suspended. References External links American fantasy writers American male novelists Dungeons & Dragons game designers Living people Novelists from Illinois Novelists from Pennsylvania People from Minocqua, Wisconsin People from Springfield Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania Writers from Philadelphia Writers from Rockford, Illinois Year of birth missing (living people)

Chellappah Suntharalingam (; 19 August 1895 – 11 February 1985) was a Ceylon Tamil academic, politician, Member of Parliament and government minister. Early life and family Suntharalingam was born on 19 August 1895. He was the son of Chellappah and Meenachchi from Urumpirai in northern Ceylon. He was educated at St. John's College, Jaffna and St. Joseph's College, Colombo. In 1914 he entered the University of London from where he graduated with a B.Sc. honours degree in mathematics. He then went on to Balliol College, Oxford from where he was awarded a double first in mathematics tripos. Suntharalingam hailed from a distinguished family and had four eminent brothers: C. Nagalingam, a Supreme Court judge, was acting Governor-General of Ceylon in 1954; C. Panchalingam was a medical doctor; C. Amirthalingam was Director of Fisheries; and C. Thiagalingam was a leading lawyer. Suntharalingam married Kanagambikai Ambal, daughter of M. Kanagasabi. They had two sons (Gnanalingam and Sathyalingam) and four daughters (Lingambikai, Lingavathy, Lingamani and Lingeswari). Career Suntharalingam was selected by the Indian Civil Service but chose instead to join the Ceylon Civil Service in 1920. He resigned from the civil service to become vice principal of Ananda College. He then joined Ceylon University College as professor and first chair of mathematics. He was called to the Bar from Gray's Inn in 1920, becoming an advocate and practising law in Ceylon. Becoming interested in politics, Suntharalingam retired in 1940 and entered politics. He tried unsuccessfully to enter the State Council during by-elections in 1943 and 1944. He stood as an independent candidate in Vavuniya at the 1947 parliamentary election. He won the election and entered Parliament. He was persuaded to join the United National Party led government and on 26 September 1947 he was sworn in as Minister of Trade and Commerce. He supported the controversial Ceylon Citizenship Act of 1948 which deprived citizenship to 11% of the Ceylon's population but when division was called on the second reading of the Indian and Pakistani Residents Citizenship Bill on 10 December 1948, Suntharalingam walked out of Parliament. Prime Minister D. S. Senanayake asked for an explanation but Suntharalingam resigned from his ministerial position instead. Suntharalingam became a champion for the rights of Ceylon's Indian Tamils who had been made stateless and disenfranchised by Sinhalese dominated governments after independence. He observed that "if the Buddha were to come to the country today, he himself would be deported" (Buddha was from India, the Sinhalese were Buddhists). Suntharalingam resigned from Parliament in 1951 as a protest against the adoption of the Sinhala kodiya (flag) as the national flag. He was the only candidate in the ensuing by-election and consequently returned to Parliament. He was re-elected at the 1952 parliamentary election. Suntharalingam vehemently opposed the attempts to make Sinhala the sole official language of Ceylon, stating during the June 1955 throne speech that, if the changes went ahead, Tamils would demand "a separate independent autonomous state of 'Tamil Ilankai' composed of Tamil speaking peoples in Ceylon". He boycotted Parliament from August 1955 in protest against the Sinhala Only Act. After three months of absence he forfeited his seat in Parliament. He won the ensuing by-election and returned to Parliament. He was re-elected at the 1956 parliamentary election. Suntharalingam founded the Eela Thamil Ottrumai Munnani (Unity Front of Eelam Tamils) in 1959. At the March 1960 parliamentary election Suntharalingam, contesting as an independent as the Eela Thamil Ottrumai Munnani wasn't a registered party, was defeated by T. Sivasithamparam, another independent candidate. Suntharalingam published Eylom: Beginning of the Freedom Struggle; Dozens Documents in 1963 in which he became one of the first Ceylon Tamils to call for an independent Tamil state, which he called Eylom: Suntharalingam contested the 1965 parliamentary election as an independent candidate but was defeated by the All Ceylon Tamil Congress candidate T. Sivasithamparam. He contested the 1970 parliamentary election as an independent candidate in Kankesanthurai but was defeated by the Illankai Tamil Arasu Kachchi candidate S. J. V. Chelvanayakam. Suntharalingam spent his later years in Vavuniya where he died on 11 February 1985. Maviddapuram Temple Entry Movement Incident Only "high" caste Hindus had been allowed to worship in the temple. In 1968 several hundred "low" caste Hindus, mainly Pallar and Nalavar, staged a non-violent protest outside the temple gates but were met with violence from a group of "high" caste Hindus. In June 1968 "low" caste Hindus stormed the temple. They were given access to the temple following the intervention of Illankai Tamil Arasu Kachchi (ITAK, Federal Party). C. Suntharalingam, who had led the "high" caste resistance to opening the temple up to the "low" castes, was prosecuted under the Prevention of Social Disabilities Act and fined Rs. 50 by the Supreme Court. This act, which had been brought in as a private member's bill by ITAK in 1957, made the denial of entry into a place of worship on grounds of caste an offence. References 1895 births 1985 deaths Academic staff of the Ceylon University College Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford Alumni of St. John's College, Jaffna Alumni of Saint Joseph's College, Colombo Alumni of the University of London Ceylonese advocates Faculty of Ananda College Members of Gray's Inn Members of the 1st Parliament of Ceylon Members of the 2nd Parliament of Ceylon Members of the 3rd Parliament of Ceylon People from Northern Province, Sri Lanka People from British Ceylon Sri Lankan Tamil academics Sri Lankan Tamil people Sri Lankan civil servants Sri Lankan lawyers Tamil politicians Sri Lankan Tamil teachers Trade ministers of Sri Lanka

Gerhard Zinserling (11 June 1926 in Erfurt – 11 November 1993) was a German classical archaeologist. Education and career Zinserling left high school in 1944 with a Reifevermerk (certificate of maturity), to take part in the war effort. He was captured as a prisoner of war, but was released early in 1945 and enrolled in preliminary studies for university in Jena in the same year and soon completed his final examination. In 1946 he enrolled in classical archaeology, art history and prehistory at the University of Jena. In 1949 he completed the final academic exam and became an academic assistant at the archaeological institute in Jena. His studies came to an end in 1950, when he received his doctorate from Ludger Alscher and Friedrich Zucker. His dissertation was entitled Die Stilentwicklung der stadtrömischen Porträtkunst vom Ausgang des zweiten Jahrhunderts n. Chr. bis zum Beginn der Spätantike (The Stylistic Development of Portraiture in the City of Rome from the End of the Second Century AD until the Beginning of Late Antiquity). He was then made an acting lecturer. In March 1956 he completed his habilitation from Robert Heidenreich und Horst Kusch at the same location with the work Die Stilentwicklung der stadtrömischen Porträtkunst vom Ausgang des zweiten Jahrhunderts n. Chr. bis zum Beginn der Spätantike (The Stylistic Development of Portraiture in the City of Rome from the End of the Second Century AD until the Beginning of Late Antiquity), which was a continuation of the studies he had carried out for his doctorate. In September 1956 he became an ordinary lecturer, from June 1960 he was a professor with lectureship and from February 1963 a professor with full lectureship. Finally, in September 1969, Zinserling was appointed chair of classical archaeology at Jena, where he continued to teach until his retirement in 1991. Research and personal life Zinserling is best known for his handbook Abriss der griechischen und römischen Kunst (Outline of Greek and Roman Art), which received five editions in the DDR. He first married art historian Liselotte Honigmann-Zinserling and then classical archaeologist Verena Paul-Zinserling. Selected works Abriss der griechischen und römischen Kunst (Outline of Greek and Roman Art), Reclam, Leipzig 1970 (Reclams Universal-Bibliothek, Bd. 435) Bibliography Lothar Mertens: Das Lexikon der DDR-Historiker. Saur, München 2006, , pp. 663–664. External links Classical archaeologists Academic staff of the University of Jena 1926 births 1993 deaths

Nowa Wieś Wielka (; "Great New Village") is a village in Bydgoszcz County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Nowa Wieś Wielka. It lies south of Bydgoszcz. References Villages in Bydgoszcz County

The John Berne School, previously known as the Berne Education Centre is in Lewisham, Sydney, Australia. The school caters for students in Years 7–10 from mainstream schools in the Sydney area and who have behavioural or emotional problems or who are otherwise at risk of not completing their education. Berne shares a large campus (formerly St Thomas Boys High School) with 2 other small schools: the Catholic Intensive English Centre and a small satellite school of Trinity Grammar (pre Kindergarten–Year 2). The school opened on 28 April 1998, with a staff of five teachers and two support staff. The initial enrolment consisted of 28 students. It replaced the Benedict Community School, which had been in operation since 1976. Berne is a registered special school and founding member of the Association of Catholic Special School Services (ACSSS). It provides an education to those young people who are at risk of not completing their School Certificate (the basic level of qualification in New South Wales). Mainstream classes are unsuitable for most of the students because of behavioural, emotional, and familial reasons. The John Berne School is owned and operated by the Marist Brothers, an order founded in France during the early 19th century by St Marcellin Champagnat. Culture The school caters for students who may be experiencing problems due to physical, psychological, emotional and/or familial reasons. They may also have learning difficulties and/or disorders. Their placement at Berne could be short term, where the aim is to work on the student's behavioural or emotional issues in order to reintegrate them back into their mainstream school, or long term, where the aim is to continue to educate them through to the School Certificate. The school's culture has been designed to defuse a lot of the behavioural triggers the students were experiencing in mainstream schools. For example, there is no uniform and there is no set homework. The student-teacher relationship is unusual compared to mainstream schools. Students address staff by their first name, and even eat meals together. All staff are expected to get involved in all school activities, such as camps, excursions and personal development activities. There is a strong focus on reducing the derailing effects of learning difficulties and disorders by having small class sizes (of about five or six students per class), and by streaming students based on ability. The lower ability classes are purposefully even smaller, usually having only two or three students per teacher. Special features The school is unusual in its very high staff-to-student ratio. It is also distinctive in providing a number of special programs: Counselling to assist with behavioural needs Breakfast program Student Withdrawal Assistance Program (SWAP), a program to enable other schools to respond appropriately to the special needs of struggling students "Cracking the Code" literacy program Outdoor education program, which provides a camp or outdoor activity each term A daily living skills program, covering topics like meal preparation and shopping within a budget Preparation for the workplace by way of writing job applications, appropriate workplace behaviour and the like, supplemented by work experience placements Changing Lanes Program, for ex-students proceeding to employment, or starting an apprenticeship or other course Recognition In 2006, the John Berne School received a "Highly Commended National Achievement in School Improvement" award from the Australian Institute for Teaching and School Leadership. Pete's Place campus The John Berne School has since 2010 operated a second campus, called Pete's Place School, at Blacktown. Pete's Place operates in a different way from the main campus of the John Berne School: it has a smaller number of students (15 approximately) and the instruction, provided by three full-time teachers and one part-time teacher's aide, is more individual. References External links Alternative schools in Australia Education in Sydney Lewisham, New South Wales

Trinetrudu () is a 1988 Indian Telugu-language film starring Chiranjeevi, Kaikala Satyanarayana, Ranganath and Nagendra Babu. It is based on the Hindi movie Jalwa (1987), and was directed by A. Kodandarami Reddy and produced by Chiranjeevi himself and his brother Nagendra Babu. The film was Chiranjeevi's 100th movie. The film is a remake of the 1984 film Beverly Hills Cop. Plot Goa's beach is being exploited by a big-wig in the society, named D.D. He runs a big ashram on Goa's beach, and under this Aashram's mask, he runs his underworld. His underworld is the channel for drug-trafficking, which cashes in upon the weakness of the youth. To investigate this Aashram's dark secrets, the Indian government appoints a CBI officer, who prepares a complete report on its activities, but is killed by D.D's men. When the CBI officer never returns, the CBI gets suspicious and sends another officer, who is Abhimanyu. Abhimanyu lands in Goa and meets D.I.G.to inform him about his mission. But Goa police and CBI don't share good terms, and the D.I.G. appoints 2 Sub-Inspectors, (Nuthan Prasad and Prasad Babu) to follow and observe Abhimanyu. Meanwhile, Bhanupriya's brother becomes a drug addict, and to cure him, she gets him admitted into a hospital. Hospital chief Ranganath meets Abhimanyu in a strange incident. When Bhanu's brother tries to jump off the top floor of the hospital, Abhimanyu saves him and thus meets Bhanu. Being clueless about the missing CBI officer, Abhimanyu manages to enter into the ashram and exposes the secret activities carried out there. He witnesses drugs being exported in dead bodies. When Abhimanyu informs about these to D.I.G, he doesn't believe him, but under pressure, he raids the ashram, but finds nothing, much to the shock of Abhimanyu. D.D. becomes more self-conscious and Goa police stop co-operating with Abhimanyu. Abhimanyu is attacked in many ways, and the Goa police get rid of him by sending him off in a ship. However, Abhimanyu escapes and returns to Goa, this time more determined to complete his mission. Abhimanyu realizes that Ranganath is D.D.'s right hand, and he sets a trap in which Ranganath is killed by D.D. himself. He also succeeds in donating D.D.'s money to a homeless people's fund. D.D. gets furious, and kidnaps Chiru's mother (Annapurna). Abhimanyu informs this to the Goa police, but they don't believe him. So, Abhimanyu himself, as a one-man army, attacks the ashram, destroys it, rescues his mother and marries Bhanupriya. Cast Chiranjeevi Bhanupriya Kaikala Satyanarayana Ranganath Nagendra Babu Babu Antony Soundtrack References External links 1988 films Films directed by A. Kodandarami Reddy 1980s Telugu-language films Indian remakes of American films Indian action thriller films Police detective films Films set in Goa Films shot in Goa 1988 action thriller films Films scored by Raj–Koti

The Forum Cafeteria was a chain of economical cafeteria-style restaurants which operated across the United States. The company was founded in 1918 and had restaurants in the downtown areas of several major cities. In the 1960s the company expanded its business concept to suburban areas, opening shopping center locations at Antioch Shopping Center, Kansas City, Missouri and the Dadeland Shopping Center southwest of Miami. The company was founded by Clarence Hayman (1881–1971) who owned several restaurant venues before establishing the concept of a ground floor cafeteria, in 1921, at 1220 Grand Avenue in Kansas City, Missouri. He later opened similar branches in other cities of the Midwestern United States. Clem Templin (1884–1966) was a vice president of the firm. The building architect for the cafeterias was George B. Franklin (1883–1953) See also List of defunct fast-food restaurant chains References American companies established in 1918 Restaurants established in 1918 Defunct fast-food chains in the United States Cafeteria-style restaurants Defunct restaurant chains in the United States Defunct restaurants in the United States Restaurants in Missouri Defunct companies based in Missouri

Caryll Houselander (29 September 1901 – 12 October 1954) was a British lay Roman Catholic ecclesiastical artist, mystic, popular religious writer and poet. Early life Born in Bath, England, Houselander was the second of two daughters of Wilmott and Gertrude Provis Houselander who were English Anglicans. Several authors, including Maisie Ward in her 1962 biography Caryll Houselander: That Divine Eccentric, incorrectly state that Houselander was born on 29 October 1901 when, in fact, she was born on 29 September 1901 according to her birth certificate. In her remark in A Rocking-Horse Catholic (cited below, p. 41), she took the Confirmation name of Michael "after the Archangel on whose feast day I was born." When Houselander was six, her mother converted to Roman Catholicism and she in turn was also baptised. Shortly after her ninth birthday, her parents separated and her mother opened a boarding house to support the family; Houselander was sent to a boarding school, the Convent of the Holy Child. In her teens, she returned home to help her mother in the running of the boarding house. Her mother had allowed a priest to stay and this became a source of scandal. Houselander and her mother were ostracised by the community. This may have partly influenced her decision to leave the Catholic Church as a teenager, and may have contributed to a sense of isolation she would feel at times. This latter problem was reflected in panic attacks when entering rooms and meeting strangers, so much so that she was considered neurotic. In July 1918, Houselander was sent by her mother on an errand. On her way to the street vendor, she looked up and saw what she later described as a huge Russian-style icon spread across the sky. Shortly after, she read in a newspaper an article about the assassination of Russian Tsar Nicholas II. She said the face she saw in the newspaper photograph was the face in her vision of the crucified Christ. Later life and works The mystical experiences she claimed to have experienced convinced her that Christ is to be found in all people, even those whom the world shunned because they did not conform to certain standards of piety. She wrote that if people looked for Christ only in the "saints" then they would not find him. She herself smoked, drank, and had a sharp tongue. Houselander returned to the Catholic Church in 1925, but her spiritual reading was founded almost entirely on the Gospels, rather than the writings of the Church Fathers or official church documents. She met and fell in love with Sidney Reilly, a famous spy, but he left her broken-hearted when he married another woman. She would never marry. Houselander was a prolific writer and contributed many pieces to religious magazines, such as the Messenger of the Sacred Heart and The Children's Messenger. Her first book, This War is the Passion, was published in 1941 and in it she placed the suffering of the individual and its meaning within the mystical Body of Christ. For a time, she became publisher Sheed & Ward's best selling writer, drawing praise from people such as Ronald Knox:"she seemed to see everything for the first time, and the driest of doctrinal considerations shone out like a restored picture when she had finished with it. And her writing was always natural; she seemed to find no difficulty in getting the right word; no, not merely the right word, the telling word, that left you gasping." During the Second World War, doctors began sending patients to Houselander for counselling and therapy. Even though she lacked formal education in this area, she seemed to have a natural empathy for people in mental anguish and the talent for helping them to rebuild their world. A visitor once found her alone on the floor, apparently in great pain, which she attributed to her willingness to take on herself a great trial and temptation that was overwhelming another person. A psychiatrist, Eric Strauss, later president of the British Psychological Society, said of Houslander: "she loved them back to life... .she was a divine eccentric." Houselander titled her autobiography A Rocking-Horse Catholic to differentiate herself from those termed "Cradle Catholics". She died of breast cancer on 12 October 1954, at the age of 53. See also Christian mysticism Mysticism Catholicism Selected works Sheed & Ward books: This War is the Passion (1941); republished by Ave Maria Press (2008) The Reed of God (1944); republished by Ave Maria Press (2008) The Splendor of the Rosary by Maisie Ward, prayers by Caryll Houselander (1945) Houselander's prayers reprinted in The Essential Rosary published by Sophia Institute Press (1996) The Flowering Tree (1945) The Dry Wood (1947) The Passion of the Infant Christ (1949); republished as Wood of the Cradle, Wood of the Cross: The Little Way of the Infant Jesus by Sophia Institute Press (1995) The Passion of the Infant Christ, critical edition edited by Kerry Walters (Eugene, OR: Cascade Books, 2017) Guilt (1951) The Comforting of Christ (1954) A Rocking-Horse Catholic (1955); republished by Aeterna Press (2015) The Stations of the Cross (1955), illustrated with fourteen wood engravings by Houselander The Way of the Cross, retitled and revised edition (inclusive language changes and use of a different Biblical translation for scriptural quotations) published by Liguori Publications (2002) Inside the Ark (1956) Terrible Farmer Timson and Other Stories (1957); republished as Catholic Tales for Boys and Girls by Sophia Institute Press (2002) The Risen Christ (1959); republished by Scepter Publications (2007) The Letters of Caryll Houselander: Her Spiritual Legacy (1965), edited by Maisie Ward Reproachfully yours; with a foreword by Caryll Houselander by Lucile Halsey References External links "Caryll Houselander 1901–1954" by Margot H. King "Seeing Christ in All People" by Karen Lynn Krugh Caryll Houselander: Essential Writings, reviewed by Francis Philips 1901 births 1954 deaths Converts to Roman Catholicism English biographers English children's writers English journalists English religious writers English Roman Catholics English short story writers Roman Catholic mystics Roman Catholic writers 20th-century English novelists 20th-century English poets 20th-century British biographers 20th-century British short story writers 20th-century Christian mystics

Orbitestella parva is a species of minute sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Orbitestellidae. Description The vitreous-white, very minute shell has a discoidal shape and a flat spire. The shell is smooth and perforate with some growth lines. The protoconch consists of one whorl, rather large and with a bulbous shape. Distribution This marine species is endemic to New Zealand. References Powell A. W. B., New Zealand Mollusca, William Collins Publishers Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand 1979 Orbitestella parva Gastropods of New Zealand Gastropods described in 1924 Taxa named by Harold John Finlay

Michael Ross (born 16 September 1991) is an Australian rules footballer who played for the Essendon Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). Junior career Ross originally played for the Warragul and then the Gippsland Power in the TAC Cup. He played 40 matches for Gippsland Power and averaged 21.4 disposals per game from his 14 appearances in 2010, the third highest average at the club. He was used mainly in the backline with his 4.1 rebound 50s per game a club-high. He has exceptional speed over 20 metres and was described in the press as a 'classy' and 'dashing' defender who set up a lot of positive play. In the 2010 TAC Cup Grand Final against the Calder Cannons, Ross gathered 30 possessions and 14 handball receives off half back and was clearly the Power's best in a side in which future Essendon teammate, Dyson Heppell, gathered 20 possessions. Ross was drafted by Essendon in the 2010 AFL Draft, at pick number 80. Ross was flying back from a three-week trip to Africa as the draft took place. "When I got back to Melbourne I turned the phone back on and was hoping for a message from Mum, but there was nothing. I walked off the plane ... and the whole family was standing there dressed in Bombers gear and cheering. It was pretty exciting." AFL début Ross made his debut against Collingwood at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Round 19, 2011 securing 19 disposals (9 kicks and 10 handballs), 2 marks, 1 goal contribute and 1 goal assist. He was the substitute player, though he played most of the game after Prismall was carried off with a knee injury in the first 5 minutes. He was delisted by Essendon following the 2012 season. Personal details Ross comes from the town of Garfield in Gippsland and is the grandson of South Melbourne VFL player Max Papley. His brother, Ben Ross, played 14 games at North Melbourne and 4 games with Hawthorn. His cousin, Tom Papley, currently plays for the Sydney Swans. Michael is a keen supercoach player, finishing 14th overall in 2012. Statistics Statistics are correct to end of 2012 season. |- style="background-color: #EAEAEA" | 2011 || || 38 || 2 || 0 || 0 || 10 || 10 || 20 || 3 || 1 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 5.0 || 5.0 || 10.0 || 1.5 || 0.5 |- | 2012 || || 38 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 0.0 || 0.0 |- class="sortbottom" ! colspan=3| Career ! 2 ! 0 ! 0 ! 10 ! 10 ! 20 ! 3 ! 1 ! 0.0 ! 0.0 ! 5.0 ! 5.0 ! 10.0 ! 1.5 ! 0.5 |} References External links Essendon Football Club players 1991 births Living people Gippsland Power players Australian rules footballers from Victoria (state) Bendigo Football Club players

The Old Douglas Center Historic District encompasses the historic heart of Douglas, Massachusetts. The historic district radiates away from the town common, and is bounded by farmlands and more recent 20th-century development. There are 50 contributing resources in the district. Most of the structures are residential houses in Federal and Greek Revival styles. There are a number of institutional buildings, including the 1834 Greek Revival First Congregational Church, the Craftsman-style Douglas Pastime Club building at 22 Church Street, and the c. 1770s Dudley Tavern. The town common and the adjacent Center Cemetery, laid out when the town was incorporated in 1746, are at the center of the district. Douglas was established in the 1730s on land set off from Sherborn, and incorporated in 1746. The town common quickly became the focus of civic activity, and roads were laid out from surrounding towns to that area. A meeting house (parts reused in building the house at 1 SE Main Street) was built in 1747, and the surviving tavern was built in the 1770s. The importance of the center as a nexus of economic activity declined in the 19th century, as industrial activity grew along the Mumford River in East Douglas, which also benefited from the arrival of the railroad. Construction was modest in the center in the second half of the 19th century, with only two new houses built. In the early 20th century, a few institutional buildings were added. In addition to the Douglas Pastime Club, and the 1921 two-room Douglas Center School, Colonial Revival houses were built at 8 and 16 Church Street, and a 1 Main Street. The church's steeple was damaged by the New England Hurricane of 1938 and rebuilt. The district listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001. See also National Register of Historic Places listings in Worcester County, Massachusetts References Historic districts in Worcester County, Massachusetts National Register of Historic Places in Worcester County, Massachusetts Buildings and structures in Douglas, Massachusetts Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Massachusetts

Gallastichus mutuus is a species of Afrotropical chalcid wasp in a monotypic genus from the family Eulophidae. References Eulophidae

James McMichael may refer to: James L. McMichael (born 1939), American poet James M. McMichael (1870–1944), American architect