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<s>[INST] Is epinephrine associated with both erectile dysfunction and lower urinary tract symptoms? [/INST] yes, Epinephrine may be the common link between ED and LUTS. The source for this answer is PMID: 19062003. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is oct4A expressed by a subpopulation of prostate neuroendocrine cells? [/INST] yes, The increased number of cells that expressed Oct4A in prostate cancer compared to benign prostate, and in cancers of increasing grade, suggests that Oct4A/Chromogranin A co-expressing cells represent neuroendocrine cells in prostate cancer. The source for this answer is PMID: 19058139. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does metabolic profiles in goat do in late pregnancy with and without subclinical pregnancy toxemia? [/INST] yes, Results of this study indicate that the biochemical profile of does with subclinical pregnancy toxemia had significantly lower glucose (P < .001) and total protein (P = .048)concentrations, whereas urea concentrations were significantly higher (P = .042) compared with pregnant control does [corrected]. The source for this answer is PMID: 19055580. </s> |
<s>[INST] Are unmetabolized folic acid and total folate concentrations in breast milk unaffected by low-dose folate supplements? [/INST] yes, Maternal intake of synthetic folic acid leads to the appearance of unmetabolized folic acid in milk and, seemingly, a down-regulation of milk FBP synthesis. The impact of these changes on the bioavailability of folate in infants requires further exploration. The source for this answer is PMID: 19056550. </s> |
<s>[INST] Are plasma levels of MMP-2 , MMP-9 and TIMP-1 associated with arterial stiffness in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus? [/INST] no, In patients with T2DM, plasma levels of MMP and TIMP-1 are not associated with arterial stiffness assessed by either AD or augmentation index. The source for this answer is PMID: 19062310. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is reduced expression of basal and probiotic-inducible G-CSF in intestinal mononuclear cells associated with inflammatory bowel disease? [/INST] yes, These results suggest that high G-CSF production induced by commensals such as L. rhamnosus is important in maintaining normal immunological homeostasis in the intestine and defects in the production of G-CSF are associated with IBD. The source for this answer is PMID: 19058228. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is evidence that altered amygdala activity in schizophrenia related to clinical state and not genetic risk? [/INST] yes, These data suggest that the pathophysiological mechanism underlying the inability of individuals with schizophrenia to normally engage the amygdala in processing fearful and angry facial representations is more likely a phenomenon related to the disease state, specifically to treatment. The source for this answer is PMID: 19074979. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does an odor-specific threshold deficit implicate abnormal intracellular cyclic AMP signaling in schizophrenia? [/INST] yes, This study establishes the presence of an odor-specific hyposmia that may denote a disruption of cAMP-mediated signal transduction in schizophrenia. The presence of a parallel deficit in the patients' unaffected first-degree relatives suggests that this deficit is genetically mediated. Although additional physiological studies are needed to confirm the underlying mechanism, these results offer strong inferential support for the hypothesis that cAMP signaling is dysregulated in schizophrenia. The source for this answer is PMID: 19074977. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does iron intake significantly correlate with iron deficiency among young Japanese women : a cross-sectional study? [/INST] no, These results suggest that dietary habits, including Fe intake, do not significantly correlate with Fe deficiency among young Japanese women. The source for this answer is PMID: 19063766. </s> |
<s>[INST] Do neural correlates of eye gaze processing in the infant broader autism phenotype? [/INST] yes, This study suggests that a broader autism phenotype, which includes an atypical response to direct gaze, is manifest early in infancy. The source for this answer is PMID: 19064038. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is microinflammation involved in the dysfunction of arteriovenous fistula in patients with maintenance hemodialysis? [/INST] yes, Microinflammation might be involved in the dysfunction of AVF in patients with maintenance hemodialysis. The source for this answer is PMID: 19080177. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is complement activation involved in renal damage in human antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody associated pauci-immune vasculitis? [/INST] yes, The alternative pathway of the complement system is involved in renal damage of human pauci-immune AAV. The source for this answer is PMID: 19067130. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is preoperative serum levels of serum VEGF-C associated with distant metastasis in colorectal cancer patients? [/INST] yes, In this study, low sVEGF-C levels are associated with distant metastasis; hence, preoperative levels may aid in the selection of CRC patients who require further investigation. The source for this answer is PMID: 19084972. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does disability in optic neuritis correlate with diffusion tensor-derived directional diffusivities? [/INST] yes, In acute and isolated demyelination, axial diffusivity merits further investigation as a predictor of future clinical outcome. Diffusion parameters are dynamic in acute and isolated optic neuritis, with an initial acute decrease in axial diffusivity. In remote disease, radial diffusivity correlates with functional, structural, and physiologic tests of vision. The source for this answer is PMID: 19073948. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is postoperative hyperglycemia associated with mediastinitis following pediatric cardiac surgery? [/INST] yes, Our data support the hypothesis that postoperative hyperglycemia is a risk factor for the development of mediastinitis in infants and children following cardiac surgery. The source for this answer is PMID: 19076575. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is definitive establishment of airway control critical for optimal outcome in lower cervical spinal cord injury? [/INST] yes, These data indicate that regardless of severity of low cervical SCI, immediate, thorough evaluation for respiratory failure is necessary. Early intubation is mandatory for CSCI patients. For incomplete patients evidence of respiratory failure should prompt immediate airway intervention, half of whom will require tracheostomy. The source for this answer is PMID: 19077622. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is mutation or polymorphism of the CD20 gene associated with the response to R-CHOP in diffuse large B cell lymphoma patients? [/INST] no, Our results do not support association of CD20 mutations in specimens of the initial tumor or structural polymorphisms of the CD20 gene with patients who exhibited poor outcomes to R-CHOP. The source for this answer is PMID: 19054557. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is the enhancement of the N1 wave elicited by sensory stimuli presented at very short inter-stimulus intervals a general feature across sensory systems? [/INST] yes, The observation that both the auditory and the somatosensory N1 are enhanced at short ISIs indicates that this phenomenon reflects a physiological property that is common across sensory systems, rather than, as previously suggested, unique for the auditory system. Two of the hypotheses most frequently put forward to explain this observation, namely (i) the decreased contribution of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials to the recorded scalp ERPs and (ii) the decreased contribution of 'latent inhibition', are discussed. Because neither of these two hypotheses can satisfactorily account for the concomitant reduction of the auditory and the somatosensory P2, we propose a third, novel hypothesis, consisting in the modulation of a single neural component contributing to both the N1 and the P2 waves. The source for this answer is PMID: 19081790. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does solder doped polycaprolactone scaffold enable reproducible laser tissue soldering? [/INST] yes, Diode laser soldering of vascular tissue using BSA-ICG-PCL-scaffolds leads to strong and reproducible tissue bonds, with vessel damage limited to the adventitia. Higher BSA content results in higher tensile strengths. The DSC-measurements showed that BSA denaturation temperature is lowered by addition of water and/or ICG-PCL. The source for this answer is PMID: 19065561. </s> |
<s>[INST] Do needle and surgical biopsy techniques differentially affect adipose tissue gene expression profiles? [/INST] yes, The adipose tissue biopsy technique is an important caveat to consider when designing, interpreting, and, most important, comparing microarray experiments. These results will have crucial implications for the clinical and physiopathologic understanding of human obesity and therapeutic approaches. The source for this answer is PMID: 19056587. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is pro-hepcidin unable to degrade the iron exporter ferroportin unless maturated by a furin-dependent process? [/INST] yes, Our results demonstrate that pro-hepcidin lacks biological activity, unless fully maturated by a furin-dependent process to yield the bioactive 25-aa peptide. The source for this answer is PMID: 19070914. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does risk of subsequent dementia diagnoses vary by types of adjuvant chemotherapy in older women with breast cancer? [/INST] no, No association was found between types of adjuvant chemotherapy agents for breast cancer and risk of new dementia diagnoses. Our findings suggest that concerns about post-chemotherapy dementia should not be a major factor in determining type of adjuvant chemotherapy regimen to prescribe for older women with breast cancer. The source for this answer is PMID: 19067255. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is cardiac comorbidity a risk factor for mortality and morbidity following surgery for primary non-small cell lung cancer? [/INST] no, With careful assessment and patient selection, patients with cardiac comorbidity were not found to be at increased risk of mortality and morbidity following lung resection for primary non-small cell lung cancer in a propensity-matched population. The source for this answer is PMID: 19081729. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does eRP correlate of selective attention and working memory capacities in children with ADHD and/or PDD-NOS? [/INST] yes, The results point to less efficient WM-functioning in all patient groups. Whereas the clinical groups differed from each other at the behavioral level as measured by questionnaires, no distinction between the clinical groups could be made with respect to performance or ERP measures of WM capacity and selective attention. The source for this answer is PMID: 19056313. </s> |
<s>[INST] Do feasibility of weaning and direct extubation from open lung high-frequency ventilation in preterm infants? [/INST] yes, This study shows that weaning the CDP below 8 cm H2O with an Fio2 below 0.30 is feasible during open lung HFV and extubation at these settings can be successful in preterm infants. In our series, a 90% success rate was observed. The value of this approach should be prospectively compared with conventional weaning and extubation strategies. The source for this answer is PMID: 19057441. </s> |
<s>[INST] Do how depressive symptoms correlate with stigma perception of mental illness? [/INST] yes, Fear of stigma increases with depressive symptoms and both are a risk for treatment delay. The goal of future research should be the question how to reduce subjective stigma experiences of the patients affected in order to help them enter psychiatric treatment early and gain self-confidence and mental health back again. The source for this answer is PMID: 19085406. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does apelin signaling modulate splanchnic angiogenesis and portosystemic collateral vessel formation in rats with portal hypertension? [/INST] yes, This study provides the first experimental evidence showing that the apelin/APJ system contributes to portosystemic collateralization and splanchnic neovascularization in portal hypertensive rats, presenting a potential novel therapeutic target for portal hypertension. The source for this answer is PMID: 19070926. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is nitrated apolipoprotein A-I , a potential new cardiovascular marker , markedly increased in low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol subjects? [/INST] yes, Measurement of nitrated apolipoprotein A-I levels by this rapid and reproducible new method has the advantages of great sensitivity with no sample manipulations, thus we suggest that this novel method could be useful to monitor levels of circulating nitrated apolipoprotein A-I in order to investigate its value as a potential biological marker for inflammatory vascular disease. The source for this answer is PMID: 19055467. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does smokeless nicotine exposure have no lasting effect on fasting or postglucose circulation leptin in young rats? [/INST] yes, In summary, smokeless nicotine at this dose has no significant effect on fasting or postglucose leptin values in sexually immature male and female rats. The source for this answer is PMID: 19067528. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does nicotine act on growth plate chondrocytes to delay skeletal growth through the alpha7 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor? [/INST] yes, These results suggest that nicotine, from cigarette smoking, acts directly on growth plate chondrocytes to decrease matrix synthesis, suppress hypertrophic differentiation via alpha7 nAChR, leading to delayed skeletal growth. The source for this answer is PMID: 19079602. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does modulation of macrophage activation state protect tissue from necrosis during critical limb ischemia in thrombospondin-1-deficient mice? [/INST] yes, This study defines targeting postischemic macrophage activation state as a new potential therapeutic approach to protect tissues from necrosis and promote tissue repair during CLI. Furthermore, our data suggest that phagocytosis plays a crucial role in promoting a deleterious intra-tissular pro-inflammatory macrophage activation state during critical injuries. Finally, our results describe TSP-1 as a new relevant physiological target during critical leg ischemia. The source for this answer is PMID: 19079608. </s> |
<s>[INST] Do diffusible retinal secretions regulate the expression of tight junctions and other diverse functions of the retinal pigment epithelium? [/INST] yes, Gene expression in primary cultures of embryonic RPE resembled the native tissue, but differentiation and the levels of gene expression became more in vivo-like when elements of the retinal environment were introduced into the medium bathing the apical side of the cultures. Albeit insufficient, retinal secretions promoted differentiation of immature RPE and helped maintain the properties of more mature RPE. The source for this answer is PMID: 19057659. </s> |
<s>[INST] Do double homozygous waltzer and Ames waltzer mice provide no evidence of retinal degeneration? [/INST] yes, The simultaneous presence of homozygous mutant alleles of cadherin 23 and protocadherin 15 results only in deafness, not retinal degeneration or any other additional obvious phenotype of the major organ systems. We conclude that in the mouse cadherin 23 or protocadherin 15 appear not to compensate for one another to maintain the retina. The source for this answer is PMID: 19057657. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does patterns and correlate of spit tobacco use among high school males in rural California? [/INST] yes, Dental public health practitioners, scholars, and policy-makers need to promote dental health through organized community efforts targeting high school male subgroups in rural areas that are at risk for ST-associated adverse health effects. The source for this answer is PMID: 19054309. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does cerebral oxygenation decrease during exercise in humans with beta-adrenergic blockade? [/INST] yes, Propranolol attenuated the increase in cardiac output of consequence for cerebral perfusion and oxygenation. We suggest that a decrease in cerebral oxygenation limits exercise capacity. The source for this answer is PMID: 19053964. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is food allergy associated with potentially fatal childhood asthma? [/INST] yes, Self-reported food allergy is an independent risk factor for potentially fatal childhood asthma. Asthmatic children or adolescents with food allergy are a target population for more aggressive asthma management. The source for this answer is PMID: 19085574. </s> |
<s>[INST] Do evidence that shed thyrotropin receptor A subunits drive affinity maturation of autoantibodies causing Graves ' disease? [/INST] yes, TSAb function does not require antibodies with identical epitopes, and human autoantibody M22 may, therefore, not represent the full epitopic repertoire of polyclonal TSAb in Graves' disease. Most important, we provide strong evidence that the shed ectodomain (primarily the A subunit) is the primary antigen driving affinity maturation of TSAb producing B cells. The source for this answer is PMID: 19066298. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does a limited immunohistochemical panel help differentiate small cell epithelial malignancies of the sinonasal cavity and nasopharynx? [/INST] yes, A limited immunohistochemical panel of CK, CK5/6, p63, and HLA-DR is useful in discriminating nasopharyngeal, basaloid squamous cell, and high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas of the sinonasal cavity and nasopharynx. The source for this answer is PMID: 19077909. </s> |
<s>[INST] Are advanced oxidative protein products independently associated with endothelial function in peritoneal dialysis patients? [/INST] yes, This study shows that PD patients without known atherosclerotic disease can also be characterized by endothelial dysfunction and AOPP levels independently predict endothelial function level in PD patients. The source for this answer is PMID: 19076287. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is early neutropenia associated with an increased rate of nosocomial infection in very low-birth-weight infants? [/INST] no, Our data do not support the hypothesis that early NP increases the risk for NI in VLBW infants. The source for this answer is PMID: 19078971. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does high-fat nutrition reduce hepatic damage following exposure to bacterial DNA and hemorrhagic shock? [/INST] yes, This study shows that enteral high-fat reduces IFN-gamma and decreases CpG-enhanced liver injury following hemorrhagic shock. Administration of high-fat nutrition may be an important new therapeutic strategy to reduce liver damage in a clinical setting of bacterial infection combined with hypotension. The source for this answer is PMID: 19070388. </s> |
<s>[INST] Are fGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations involved in the molecular pathogenesis of solar lentigo? [/INST] yes, Our results suggest that FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations are involved in the pathogenesis of SL. The occurrence of these mutations in both SL and SK suggests a common genetic basis. Our findings furthermore substantiate previous speculations that UV exposure may be a causative factor for FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations in human skin. The source for this answer is PMID: 19076977. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is serum mast cell tryptase a useful marker for disease severity in psoriasis or atopic dermatitis? [/INST] no, Serum total tryptase did not prove to be a useful tool in assessing severity of psoriasis or AD. Total IgE levels did not correlate with severity of AD. The source for this answer is PMID: 19076976. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does heat shock protein 90 inhibition abrogate hepatocellular cancer growth through cdc2-mediated G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis? [/INST] yes, 17-AAG-mediated inhibition of Hsp90 abrogates human HCC cell growth in vitro and in vivo through cdc2 decrease, which in turn induces G(2)/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Hsp90 is a mediator of HCC growth and survival and its inhibition may serve as a potential treatment. The source for this answer is PMID: 19082595. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is a toll-like receptor 4 variant associated with fatal outcome in children with invasive meningococcal disease? [/INST] yes, Our data suggest that the heterozygous TLR4 Asp299Gly genotype is associated with an increased mortality in children with invasive meningococcal disease. The source for this answer is PMID: 19067670. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does coherent averaging improve the evaluation of left ventricular dyssynchrony by conductance catheter? [/INST] yes, Coherent averaging-based indices permit independent quantification and differentiation of repetitive components of ventricular dyssynchrony from non-recurrent mechanical non-uniformities, which seem associated with HF and conduction disturbances. These indices identified HF patients with high accuracy, and were able to describe the reversal of dyssynchrony caused by BIV and to predict the acute hemodynamic improvement. The source for this answer is PMID: 19082868. </s> |
<s>[INST] Do functionally related transcripts have common RNA motifs for specific RNA-binding proteins in trypanosomes? [/INST] yes, Functionally related transcripts were preferentially associated with a given RBP; TcUBP1 targets were enriched in genes encoding proteins involved in metabolism, whereas ribosomal protein-encoding transcripts were the largest group within TcRBP3 targets. Together, these results suggest coordinated control of different mRNA subsets at the post-transcriptional level by specific RBPs. The source for this answer is PMID: 19063746. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does preoperative haemostasis testing predict requirement of blood products in cardiac surgery? [/INST] no, Our data demonstrate that preoperatively performed haemostasis testing is not predictive in estimating the need for blood products in cardiac surgery patients. The source for this answer is PMID: 19073389. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does genomewide linkage in a large Caucasian family map a new locus for intracranial aneurysms to chromosome 13q? [/INST] yes, A new IA susceptibility locus on 13q was identified, adding to the number of IA loci already reported. Given that no coding variants have been reported to date, it is possible that alternative genetic variants such as regulatory elements or copy number variation are important in IA pathogenesis. We are proceeding with attempts to identify such variants in our locus. The source for this answer is PMID: 19064780. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is plant pattern-recognition receptor FLS2 directed for degradation by the bacterial ubiquitin ligase AvrPtoB? [/INST] yes, AvrPtoB, initially identified through its activation of hypersensitive resistance in tomato cultivars expressing the Pto kinase, is composed of at least two functional domains: the N terminus is responsible for interaction with Pto, and the C terminus carries an E3 ligase activity. Based on our findings, we propose that both domains of AvrPtoB act together to support the virulence of PtoDC3000 in Arabidopsis through their ability to eliminate FLS2 from the cell periphery, and probably also other PAMP sensors that are constitutively expressed or induced after pathogen challenge. The source for this answer is PMID: 19062288. </s> |
<s>[INST] Do multiple phytochrome-interacting bHLH transcription factors repress premature seedling photomorphogenesis in darkness? [/INST] yes, We conclude that bHLH transcription factors PIF1, PIF3, PIF4, and PIF5 act as constitutive repressors of photomorphogenesis in the dark, action that is rapidly abrogated upon light exposure by phy-induced proteolytic degradation of these PIFs, allowing the initiation of photomorphogenesis to occur. The source for this answer is PMID: 19062289. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does regular physical activity prevent development of left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertension? [/INST] yes, Regular physical activity prevents the development of LVH in young stage 1 hypertensive subjects. This effect is independent from the reduction in blood pressure caused by exercise. The source for this answer is PMID: 19074443. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does prostaglandin E2-EP1 and EP2 receptor signaling promote apical junctional complex disassembly of Caco-2 human colorectal cancer cells? [/INST] yes, Our findings strongly suggest a central role of Prostaglandin E2-EP1 and EP2 receptor signaling to mediate AJC disassembly through a mechanism that involves PKC and claudin-1 as important target for the TJ-related effects in human colorectal cancer cells (Caco-2). The source for this answer is PMID: 19055708. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is consistency of the initial cell acquisition procedure critical to the standardization of CD34+ cell enumeration by flow cytometry : results of a pairwise analysis of umbilical cord blood units and cryopreserved aliquots? [/INST] yes, The standardization of CD34+ cell enumeration by flow cytometry is strongly reliant on a consistent initial cell acquisition procedure. The interlaboratory variation can be minimized by using frozen cell aliquots as reference samples. Both requisites should be considered for CD34 testing and UCB unit selection by regulatory institutions involved with cord blood banking and transplantation. The source for this answer is PMID: 19055702. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does the onset location of multiple sclerosis predict the location of subsequent relapses? [/INST] yes, Patients with RRMS have relatively localised clinical relapses. It remains to be determined if genetic or biological processes are responsible for this pattern. The source for this answer is PMID: 19066192. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is preprandial microemulsion cyclosporine administration effective for patients with refractory nephrotic syndrome? [/INST] yes, The preprandial administration of ME-CyA results in a good pharmacokinetic profile and is useful for management of refractory nephrotic syndrome in adults, particularly in patients with MCNS. The source for this answer is PMID: 19057979. </s> |
<s>[INST] Do pharmacogenomics approach reveals MRP1 ( ABCC1 ) -mediated resistance to geldanamycins? [/INST] yes, These results suggest that elevated expression of MRP1, like the alternative efflux transporter MDR1 (ABCB1, P-glycoprotein), can significantly influence tumor cell sensitivity to geldanamycins as a potential chemoresistance factor. The source for this answer is PMID: 19067123. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does [ Candesartan improve insulin resistance induced by high-fat diet in rats ]? [/INST] yes, Candesartan may improve insulin resistance through promoting the expression of PPARgamma in liver and adipose tissue. The source for this answer is PMID: 19080690. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does near-infrared spectroscopy correlate with continuous superior vena cava oxygen saturation in pediatric cardiac surgery patients? [/INST] yes, The continuous measurement of ScvO(2) values obtained by the Pediasat may provide useful information about the metabolic conditions of the brain during cardiac operations in pediatric patients if considered as percentage changes. Absolute values of ScvO(2) tend to overestimate the correspondent rSO(2) values. The source for this answer is PMID: 19076569. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is expression and amplification of eIF-5A2 in human epithelial ovarian tumors and overexpression of EIF-5A2 a new independent predictor of outcome in patients with ovarian carcinoma? [/INST] yes, These findings suggest that increased expression of EIF-5A2 in ovarian carcinoma may represent an acquired malignant phenotypic feature of tumor cells, and the overexpression of EIF-5A2, as detected by immunohistochemistry, is an independent molecular marker for shortened survival time of patients with ovarian carcinoma. The source for this answer is PMID: 19054548. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does fe ( III ) stimulate 3-methylindole and 4-methylphenol production in swine lagoon enrichments and Clostridium scatologenes ATCC 25775? [/INST] yes, Fe(III) increases 3-MI and 4-MP in swine lagoon enrichments and Cl. scatologenes broth cultures. The source for this answer is PMID: 19055633. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is 3-Methylindole production regulated in Clostridium scatologenes ATCC 25775? [/INST] yes, When cultured in rich medium, at 33 degrees C or 37 degrees C and pH 7.0, Cl. scatologenes ATCC 25775 optimally produced 3-MI. Addition of L-tryptophan to medium did not lead to significant increases in extracellular 3-MI levels. Whole cell assays indicate growth in rich medium significantly up-regulated 3-MI production. The source for this answer is PMID: 19055631. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does targeting the MHC class II pathway of antigen presentation enhance immunogenicity and safety of allergen immunotherapy? [/INST] yes, MAT-Fel d 1 allergen enhanced protective antibody and Th1 responses in mice, while reducing human basophil degranulation. Immunotherapy using MAT-Fel d 1 allergen therefore has the potential to enhance SIT efficacy and safety, thus, shortening SIT. This should increase patient compliance and lower treatment costs. The source for this answer is PMID: 19076537. </s> |
<s>[INST] Do day length and weather conditions profoundly affect physical activity levels in older functionally impaired people? [/INST] yes, Physical activity levels among older people are much higher in summer than in winter. Day length, sunshine duration and maximum temperature have a significant influence on physical activity levels. The source for this answer is PMID: 19074181. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is the interaction of nuclear factor-kappa B and cytokines associated with schizophrenia? [/INST] yes, Schizophrenic patients showed activation of the cytokine system and immune disturbance. NF-kappaB activation may play a pivotal role in schizophrenia through interaction with cytokines. The source for this answer is PMID: 19058794. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does phosphorylation by Cdk1 increase the binding of Eg5 to microtubules in vitro and in Xenopus egg extract spindles? [/INST] yes, These results show that phosphorylation of Eg5 by Cdk1 has a direct effect on the interaction of this motor with microtubules. In egg extract, phosphorylation of Eg5 by Cdk1 ensures that the amount of Eg5 in the spindle is above a level that is required for spindle formation. This enhanced targeting to the spindle appears therefore to be, at least in part, a direct consequence of the enhanced binding of Eg5 to microtubules upon phosphorylation by Cdk1. These findings advance our understanding of the regulation of this essential mitotic motor protein. The source for this answer is PMID: 19079595. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does treatment with adalimumab ( Humira ) and intravenous immunoglobulin improve pregnancy rates in women undergoing IVF? [/INST] yes, The use of a TNF-alpha inhibitor and IVIG significantly improves IVF outcome in young infertile women with Th1/Th2 cytokine elevation. The source for this answer is PMID: 19055656. </s> |
<s>[INST] Do myoglobin and troponin I elevation predict 5-year mortality in patients with undifferentiated chest pain in the emergency department? [/INST] yes, Among patients evaluated in the emergency department for possible acute coronary syndromes, myoglobin and cTnI at presentation are powerful, independent predictors of long-term (5-year) prognosis. The source for this answer is PMID: 19061710. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does aspirin resistance determined with PFA-100 predict new thrombotic events in patients with stable ischemic cerebrovascular disease? [/INST] no, Aspirin resistance determined by PFA-100 does not predict new thrombotic events in patients with stable ischemic cerebrovascular disease. The source for this answer is PMID: 19084329. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does inhibition of Mammalian target of rapamycin by rapamycin cause the regression of carcinogen-induced skin tumor lesions? [/INST] yes, Together, these findings provide a strong rationale for the early evaluation of mTOR inhibitors as a molecular targeted approach to treat SCC. The source for this answer is PMID: 19073969. </s> |
<s>[INST] Are g-protein-coupled receptor 30 and estrogen receptor-alpha involved in the proliferative effects induced by atrazine in ovarian cancer cells? [/INST] yes, Our results indicate a novel mechanism through which atrazine may exert relevant biological effects in cancer cells. On the basis of the present data, atrazine should be included among the environmental contaminants potentially able to signal via GPR30 in eliciting estrogenic action. The source for this answer is PMID: 19079715. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does rOCK inhibitor improve survival of cryopreserved serum/feeder-free single human embryonic stem cells? [/INST] yes, The method described here allows for cryopreservation of single hES cells in serum-free and feeder-free conditions and therefore we believe this method will be ideal for current and future hES cell applications that are targeted towards a therapeutic end-point. The source for this answer is PMID: 19056770. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is core2 1-6-N-glucosaminyltransferase-I crucial for the formation of atherosclerotic lesions in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice? [/INST] yes, C2GlcNAcT-I in both leukocytes and blood vessel wall cells contributes to leukocyte recruitment to the arterial wall. C2GlcNAcT-I deficiency leads to the formation of small, macrophage-poor, and collagen-rich atherosclerotic lesions. The source for this answer is PMID: 19057022. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is eicosapentaenoic acid more effective than docosahexaenoic acid in inhibiting proinflammatory mediator production and transcription from LPS-induced human asthmatic alveolar macrophage cells? [/INST] yes, This study has shown for the first time that EPA is a more potent inhibitor than DHA of inflammatory responses in human asthmatic AMphi cells. The source for this answer is PMID: 19054597. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does p75 Neurotrophin receptor signaling regulate hepatic myofibroblast proliferation and apoptosis in recovery from rodent liver fibrosis? [/INST] yes, NGF species have a differential effect on hepatic myofibroblast survival. Our data suggest that cleavage of proNGF by MMP7 during the early phase of recovery from liver fibrosis alters the pro/mature NGF balance to facilitate hepatic myofibroblast loss. Whereas fibrosis develops in the absence of p75(NTR) signaling, the dominant effects of loss of p75(NTR) ligand-mediated events are the retardation of liver fibrosis resolution via regulation of hepatic myofibroblast proliferation and apoptosis, and the reduction of hepatocyte and oval cell proliferation. The source for this answer is PMID: 19072833. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does reduction of glycosphingolipid biosynthesis stimulate biliary lipid secretion in mice? [/INST] yes, Pharmacological modulation of glycosphingolipid metabolism showed surprising effects on lipid homeostasis in C57BL/6J mice. Upon administration of 100 mg AMP-DNM/kg body weight/day, plasma cholesterol and triglyceride levels decreased, biliary lipid secretion doubled and also the endpoint of reverse cholesterol transport, neutral sterol excretion, doubled. The source for this answer is PMID: 19072830. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does a comprehensive hip fracture program reduce complication rates and mortality? [/INST] yes, The optimized hip fracture program reduced the rate of in-hospital postoperative complications and mortality. Randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm these results and elucidate the elements of the program that have the greatest effect on clinical outcomes and mortality. The source for this answer is PMID: 19054201. </s> |
<s>[INST] Are parotid gland injections of botulinum toxin a effective in treating sialorrhea in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis? [/INST] yes, : Parotid gland injections of botulinum toxin appear safe and may be helpful in some patients with ALS for the treatment of sialorrhea. The source for this answer is PMID: 19078785. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is high cardiorespiratory fitness an independent predictor of the reduction in liver fat during a lifestyle intervention in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease? [/INST] yes, Cardiorespiratory fitness, independently of total adiposity, body fat distribution and exercise intensity, determines liver fat content in humans, suggesting that fitness and liver fat are causally related to each other. Moreover, measurement of fitness at baseline predicts the effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention in reducing hepatic steatosis in patients with NAFLD. The source for this answer is PMID: 19074179. </s> |
<s>[INST] Are levels of oxidized low-density lipoproteins increased in patients with severe sepsis? [/INST] yes, The ox-LDL concentrations increase significantly during the first week of severe sepsis and are not affected by administration of drotrecogin alpha (activated) (Xigris). The source for this answer is PMID: 19056019. </s> |
<s>[INST] Are sepsis and organ system failure major determinants of post-intensive care unit mortality? [/INST] yes, This large international study identified not only age, medical admission, and preexisting comorbidities on ICU admission but also sepsis and organ system failure as important independent risk factors for in-hospital post-ICU death. The source for this answer is PMID: 19056010. </s> |
<s>[INST] Do invariant natural killer T cells suppress the neutrophil inflammatory response in a mouse model of cholestatic liver damage? [/INST] yes, These data document the role of iNKT cells in suppressing the neutrophil proinflammatory response and neutrophil-dependent cholestatic liver damage. The source for this answer is PMID: 19056387. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is a common NOS1AP genetic polymorphism associated with increased cardiovascular mortality in users of dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers? [/INST] yes, The minor G allele of rs10494366 in the NOS1AP gene is associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in Caucasian users of dihydropyridine CCBs. The mechanism underlying the observed association is unknown. The source for this answer is PMID: 19076153. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does nFAT4 deficiency result in incomplete liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy? [/INST] yes, We demonstrated that NFAT4 deficiency impairs hepatic regeneration in a murine model proving that NFAT4 plays an important yet unclear role in liver regeneration; its absence may be compensated by c-fos, c-jun, and NFAT2 expression changes. The source for this answer is PMID: 19059606. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does pretreatment with fentanyl and propofol attenuate myocardial injury in rabbits with acute hemorrhagic shock? [/INST] yes, Propofol and fentanyl preconditioning can protect the heart against acute ischemia and promote the recovery of hemodynamics during hemorrhagic shock. The source for this answer is PMID: 19059609. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is removal of O-linked and N-linked oligosaccharides required for optimum detection of NITEGE neoepitope on ADAMTS4-digested fetal aggrecans : implications for specific N-linked glycan-dependent aggrecanolysis at Glu373-Ala374? [/INST] yes, It appears that the NITEGE neoepitope is blocked on Western blots by oligosaccharide structures present on Asn368 and Thr370 of fetal human and bovine aggrecans. Such masking structures do not appear to be present on mature aggrecans from these species. We suggest that when anti-NITEGE antibody is used in Western analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), and immunohistochemistry (IHC), removal of oligosaccharides with appropriate glycosidases may unmask reactivity that would otherwise go undetected. The implications of these findings for the much-studied effect of Asn368-linked keratan sulfate (KS)-based structures on ADAMTS4 and ADAMTS5 activity are discussed. The source for this answer is PMID: 19071032. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is association of central obesity with early Carotid intima-media thickening independent of that from other risk factors? [/INST] yes, These results demonstrated that in 'healthy individuals', anthropometric parameters and metabolic risk factors correlated with each other, but anthropometric parameters were the only significant correlates of carotid IMT. A waist/height ratio > or =0.5 predicts both early vascular and metabolic changes. These data support a risk factor independent vasculotrophic effect of obesity. The source for this answer is PMID: 19065148. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does integration of digital dental cast in 3-dimensional facial photographs? [/INST] yes, It seems technically possible to make a data set of a patient's face with the dentition positioned into this 3D picture. Future research needs to establish the value of this 3D fused data set of the face and the dentition in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The source for this answer is PMID: 19061810. </s> |
<s>[INST] Do phosphorus overload and PTH induce aortic expression of Runx2 in experimental uraemia? [/INST] yes, Phosphate, by itself is a potential pathogenic factor for VC. It is of note that phosphate overload, even without VC, was associated with overexpression of Runx2 in VSMCs. The mineral imbalance often seen in patients with CKD should be corrected. The source for this answer is PMID: 19075196. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is aTP-binding cassette transporter A1 significantly involved in the intestinal absorption of alpha- and gamma-tocopherol but not in that of retinyl palmitate in mice? [/INST] yes, ABCA1 is the transporter responsible for the in vivo secretion of alpha- and gamma-tocopherol with intestinal HDL, and this pathway is significantly implicated in the intestinal absorption and plasma status of vitamin E but not of vitamin A. The source for this answer is PMID: 19056557. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is the mechanism of preventive effect of captopril on renal ischemia reperfusion injury independent of ATP dependent potassium channels? [/INST] yes, It seems that the preventive effect of captopril is not directly mediated by K(ATP) channels and further attention should be paid to other receptor-mediated angiotensin II effects. The source for this answer is PMID: 19079539. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does phospho-Akt pathway activation and inhibition depend on N-cadherin or phospho-EGFR expression in invasive human bladder cancer cell lines? [/INST] yes, We confirmed the partial responsibility of p-Akt activation in invasion of some BC cell lines expressing N-cadherin or p-EGFR and also the potential role of N-cadherin and p-EGFR as target in cancer therapy. N/E- cadherin expression profile has a significant prognostic value in invasive BC. The source for this answer is PMID: 19070520. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is chronic plaque psoriasis associated with increased arterial stiffness? [/INST] yes, Moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis may be independently associated with increased arterial stiffness. Psoriasis duration could be a risk factor for arterial stiffness and atherosclerosis. The source for this answer is PMID: 19060461. </s> |
<s>[INST] Are psychotic boys performing well in school at increased risk of suicidal ideation? [/INST] yes, Our findings indicate that psychotic inpatient male adolescents performing well in school are at an elevated risk of suicidal ideation. Although good school performance is often considered a marker of high intelligence and good general ability, symptoms of major psychiatric disorders and suicidality need to be taken very seriously among adolescents performing well in school. The source for this answer is PMID: 19067996. </s> |
<s>[INST] Do dispositional optimism and thoughts of well-being determine sensitivity to an experimental pain task? [/INST] yes, Dispositional optimism is associated with reduced pain for healthy adults encountering a brief pain stimulus. This relationship is eliminated, however, when individuals are primed with thoughts of health and well-being. The results are interpreted as evidence for the use of differential coping strategies by optimists in response to pain. The source for this answer is PMID: 19067097. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does [ Cytotoxicity induced by gasoline engine exhaust associated with oxidative stress ]? [/INST] yes, Oxidative stress could be one of the mechanisms of cytotoxic effects of EGE. The source for this answer is PMID: 19069645. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does [ Studies on chemical constituents from stem and leaves of Jasminum lanceolarium ]? [/INST] yes, Compounds 14 were isolated from this genus for the first time. And compounds 5 and 6 were isolated from this plant for the first time. The source for this answer is PMID: 19066057. </s> |
<s>[INST] Is a common variant in DRD3 receptor associated with autism spectrum disorder? [/INST] yes, The DRD3 gene is related to stereotyped behavior, liability to side effects of antipsychotic medication, and movement disorders and may therefore have important clinical implications for ASD. The source for this answer is PMID: 19058789. </s> |
<s>[INST] Do selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors modify physiological gastrointestinal motor activities via 5-HT2c receptor and acyl ghrelin? [/INST] yes, SSRIs have inhibitory effects on acyl ghrelin and GI motor activities through 5-HT2cR. Our study identifies the importance and divergence of central 5-HT2cR pathways that regulate GI motor activities through ghrelin and feeding/energy metabolism via melanocortin 4 receptor signaling. The source for this answer is PMID: 19058784. </s> |
<s>[INST] Does flaxseed supplementation ( not dietary fat restriction ) reduce prostate cancer proliferation rates in men presurgery? [/INST] yes, Findings suggest that flaxseed is safe and associated with biological alterations that may be protective for prostate cancer. Data also further support low-fat diets to manage serum cholesterol. The source for this answer is PMID: 19064574. </s> |