Datasets:

gabrielaltay

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pubtator-central-bigbio-kb-2022-12-18

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[ { "id": "18711123_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Ecological changes in Miocene mammalian record show impact of prolonged climatic forcing." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 89 ] ] }, { "id": "18711123_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Geohistorical records reveal the long-term impacts of climate change on ecosystem structure. A 5-myr record of mammalian faunas from floodplain ecosystems of South Asia shows substantial change in species richness and ecological structure in relation to vegetation change as documented by stable isotopes of C and O from paleosols. Between 8.5 and 6.0 Ma, C(4) savannah replaced C(3) forest and woodland. Isotopic historical trends for 27 mammalian herbivore species, in combination with ecomorphological data from teeth, show three patterns of response. Most forest frugivores and browsers maintained their dietary habits and disappeared. Other herbivores altered their dietary habits to include increasing amounts of C(4) plants and persisted for >1 myr during the vegetation transition. The few lineages that persisted through the vegetation transition show isotopic enrichment of delta(13)C values over time. These results are evidence for long-term climatic forcing of vegetation structure and mammalian ecological diversity at the subcontinental scale." ], "offsets": [ [ 90, 1148 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "18711123_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mammalian" ], "offsets": [ [ 30, 39 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18711123_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mammalian" ], "offsets": [ [ 201, 210 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18711123_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mammalian" ], "offsets": [ [ 529, 538 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18711123_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mammalian" ], "offsets": [ [ 1089, 1098 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "5034791_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "E(17-18) trisomy syndrome: review and report of a case." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 55 ] ] }, { "id": "5034791_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 56, 56 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "5034791_MESH:D014314_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "trisomy syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 9, 25 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014314" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "25722335_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Benzalkonium chloride intoxication in cats." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 43 ] ] }, { "id": "25722335_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 44, 44 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "25722335_MESH:D001548_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Benzalkonium chloride" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 21 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001548" } ] }, { "id": "25722335_9685_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "cats" ], "offsets": [ [ 38, 42 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9685" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20522182_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Strain rate does not affect cortical microtubule orientation in the isolated epidermis of sunflower hypocotyls." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 111 ] ] }, { "id": "20522182_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A hypothesis exists that external and internal factors affect the orientation of cortical microtubules in as much as these lead to changes in cell elongation rate. Factors that stimulate elongation are proposed to lead to transverse microtubule orientation, whereas factors that inhibit elongation lead to longitudinal orientation. The elongation rate is equal to the rate of longitudinal irreversible strain in cell walls. Incubated epidermis peeled from sunflower hypocotyls does not extend unless it is stretched by loading and the pH of the incubation medium is appropriately low. Thus, peels provide a convenient model to investigate the relationship between longitudinal strain rate and cortical microtubule orientation. In the present study, it was found that peeling affects microtubule orientation. Peels were incubated for several hours in Murashige & Skoog medium (both unbuffered and buffered) to attain a steady state of microtubule orientation before loading. The effects of loading and pH on strain rate and orientation of microtubules under the outer epidermal walls were examined in three portions of peels positioned with respect to the cotyledonary node. Appropriate loading caused longitudinal strain of peels at pH 4.5 but not at pH 6.5. However, no clear effect of strain rate on microtubule orientation in the peels was observed. Independent of applied load and pH of the incubation medium, the microtubule orientation remained unchanged, i.e. orientation was mainly oblique. Our results show that strain rate does not affect cortical microtubule orientation in isolated epidermis of the sunflower hypocotyl model system, although orientation could be changed by white light." ], "offsets": [ [ 112, 1810 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "20522182_4232_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "sunflower" ], "offsets": [ [ 90, 99 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4232" } ] }, { "id": "20522182_4232_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "sunflower" ], "offsets": [ [ 568, 577 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4232" } ] }, { "id": "20522182_-_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Murashige" ], "offsets": [ [ 962, 971 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "20522182_-_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Skoog medium" ], "offsets": [ [ 974, 986 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "20522182_4232_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "sunflower" ], "offsets": [ [ 1723, 1732 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4232" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "24682661_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Irrigation water quality and the benefits of implementing good agricultural practices during tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) production." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 137 ] ] }, { "id": "24682661_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The implementation of good agricultural practices (GAP) from irrigation water to the tomato packaging process enhances the safety of fresh produce and its value throughout the food chain. The aim of the present study was to show that fresh produce farms that apply and enforce GAP could reduce the presence of Salmonella in finished produce. Samples were collected biweekly from six packing houses from the central region of Sinaloa, Mexico, for the isolation of Salmonella spp by the ISO 6579:2002 method, and the isolated strains were serotyped and genotyped by the Kauffmman-White scheme and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), respectively. Salmonella strains were detected in 13 (36.1 %) irrigation water samples, while only two tomato samples were positive (5.5 %). Eight different serotypes were identified in irrigation water, and Salmonella Oranienburg (34 %) was the most prevalent; however, only Salmonella Agona and Salmonella Weltevreden were present on tomatoes. Salmonella Oranienburg was the most widely dispersed and variable serotype, with 10 different PFGE profiles. Salmonella Weltevreden was isolated from both types of samples, albeit with distinct genetic profiles, implying that the sources of contamination differ. These results confirm the utility of implementing good agricultural practices to reduce Salmonella contamination in irrigation water and the packaging process." ], "offsets": [ [ 138, 1542 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "24682661_MESH:D014867_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 11, 16 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "24682661_4081_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "tomato" ], "offsets": [ [ 93, 99 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4081" } ] }, { "id": "24682661_4081_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Lycopersicum esculentum" ], "offsets": [ [ 101, 124 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4081" } ] }, { "id": "24682661_MESH:D014867_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 210, 215 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "24682661_4081_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "tomato" ], "offsets": [ [ 223, 229 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4081" } ] }, { "id": "24682661_58095_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Salmonella" ], "offsets": [ [ 448, 458 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "58095" } ] }, { "id": "24682661_58095_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Salmonella" ], "offsets": [ [ 601, 611 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "58095" } ] }, { "id": "24682661_58095_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Salmonella" ], "offsets": [ [ 788, 798 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "58095" } ] }, { "id": "24682661_MESH:D014867_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 847, 852 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "24682661_4081_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "tomato" ], "offsets": [ [ 877, 883 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4081" } ] }, { "id": "24682661_MESH:D014867_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 971, 976 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] }, { "id": "24682661_28147_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Salmonella Oranienburg" ], "offsets": [ [ 982, 1004 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "28147" } ] }, { "id": "24682661_58095_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Salmonella Agona" ], "offsets": [ [ 1050, 1066 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "58095" } ] }, { "id": "24682661_57743_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Salmonella Weltevreden" ], "offsets": [ [ 1071, 1093 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "57743" } ] }, { "id": "24682661_28147_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Salmonella Oranienburg" ], "offsets": [ [ 1120, 1142 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "28147" } ] }, { "id": "24682661_57743_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Salmonella Weltevreden" ], "offsets": [ [ 1229, 1251 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "57743" } ] }, { "id": "24682661_58095_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Salmonella" ], "offsets": [ [ 1471, 1481 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "58095" } ] }, { "id": "24682661_MESH:D014867_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "water" ], "offsets": [ [ 1510, 1515 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014867" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18137923_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Alteration of neuron excitability by retrograde degeneration." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 61 ] ] }, { "id": "18137923_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 62, 62 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "12231144_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Japan: status of cancer pain and palliative care." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 49 ] ] }, { "id": "12231144_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 50, 50 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "12231144_MESH:D000072716_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cancer pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 17, 28 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000072716" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "722153_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Ultrasound and the diagnosis of Weber-Christian disease." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 56 ] ] }, { "id": "722153_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 57, 57 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "17949806_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Depression and school performance in middle adolescent boys and girls." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 70 ] ] }, { "id": "17949806_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The study aimed to investigate the associations between different levels of depression with different aspects of school performance. The target population included 2516 7th-9th grade pupils (13-17 years) of whom 90% completed the questionnaire anonymously in the classroom. Of the girls 18.4% and of the boys 11.1% were classified as being depressed (R-Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Finnish version of the 13-item BDI). The lower the self-reported grade point average (GPA) or the more the GPA had declined from the previous term, the more commonly the adolescents were depressed. Depression was associated with difficulties in concentration, social relationships, self-reliant school performance and reading and writing as well as perceiving schoolwork as highly loading. The school performance variables had similar associations with depression among both sexes when a wide range of depression was studied but gender differences appeared when studying the severe end of the depression scale. Our study indicates that pupils reporting difficulties in academic performance should be screened for depression." ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 1185 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "17949806_MESH:D000275_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 10 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "17949806_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "boys" ], "offsets": [ [ 55, 59 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17949806_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "girls" ], "offsets": [ [ 64, 69 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17949806_MESH:D000275_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 147, 157 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "17949806_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "girls" ], "offsets": [ [ 352, 357 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17949806_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "boys" ], "offsets": [ [ 375, 379 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "17949806_MESH:D000275_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depressed" ], "offsets": [ [ 411, 420 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "17949806_MESH:D000275_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 429, 439 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "17949806_MESH:D000275_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depressed" ], "offsets": [ [ 648, 657 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "17949806_MESH:D000275_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 659, 669 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "17949806_MESH:D000275_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 914, 924 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "17949806_MESH:D000275_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 963, 973 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "17949806_MESH:D000275_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 1054, 1064 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] }, { "id": "17949806_MESH:D000275_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 1174, 1184 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7547604_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Distribution of group specific component (GC) and transferrin (TF) subtypes in populations of Sri Lanka." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 104 ] ] }, { "id": "7547604_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A random sample of 503 individuals from five endogamous groups of Sri Lanka was studied for the genetic polymorphism of the group specific component (GC) and transferrin (TF) using isoelectric focusing. Both systems showed statistically significant heterogeneity among the five main populations of the island. The GC allele frequencies of Malays are significantly different from those of the other four populations (Sinhalese, Tamils, Moors and Burghers). However, the TF system shows less variation, since only the Moors show a significant heterogeneity compared to Tamils and Burghers. The frequencies found in the present study are very different from those reported for the populations of the Indian mainland." ], "offsets": [ [ 105, 818 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "7547604_7018_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "transferrin" ], "offsets": [ [ 50, 61 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7018" } ] }, { "id": "7547604_7018_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "TF" ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 65 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7018" } ] }, { "id": "7547604_6717_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Sri" ], "offsets": [ [ 94, 97 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6717" } ] }, { "id": "7547604_6717_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Sri" ], "offsets": [ [ 171, 174 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "6717" } ] }, { "id": "7547604_7018_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "transferrin" ], "offsets": [ [ 263, 274 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7018" } ] }, { "id": "7547604_7018_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "TF" ], "offsets": [ [ 276, 278 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7018" } ] }, { "id": "7547604_7018_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "TF" ], "offsets": [ [ 574, 576 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7018" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "4106419_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Absorption and excretion of methimazole in man." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 47 ] ] }, { "id": "4106419_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 48, 48 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "4106419_MESH:D008713_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "methimazole" ], "offsets": [ [ 28, 39 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008713" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "5412827_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Fine structure and histochemistry of \"calcifying globules\" in epiphyseal cartilage." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 83 ] ] }, { "id": "5412827_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 84 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "10001574_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Hydrogen-related metastable defects in passivated n-type GaAs grown by metal-organic vapor-phase epitaxy." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 105 ] ] }, { "id": "10001574_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 106, 106 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "10001574_MESH:D006859_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Hydrogen" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 8 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006859" } ] }, { "id": "10001574_MESH:D008670_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "metal" ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 76 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008670" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "12946721_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Effect of Aerva lanata on solid tumor induced by DLA cells in mice." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 67 ] ] }, { "id": "12946721_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Aerva lanata whole plant was extracted with petroleum ether, methanol and acetone. The partially TLC-purified fraction (PEF) of petroleum ether extract was proved to be cytotoxic to Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA), Ehrlich ascites (EA) and B16F10 cell lines in vitro. Since PEF was found to be more cytotoxic to DLA cell lines, it was used to study the pharmacological effect and its potential to reduce solid tumor induced by DLA cell lines in mice. The result indicated that PEF significantly reduced the development of solid tumor in mice." ], "offsets": [ [ 68, 610 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "12946721_292353_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Aerva lanata" ], "offsets": [ [ 10, 22 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "292353" } ] }, { "id": "12946721_MESH:D009369_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 32, 37 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "12946721_10090_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 62, 66 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "12946721_292353_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Aerva lanata" ], "offsets": [ [ 68, 80 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "292353" } ] }, { "id": "12946721_MESH:C004544_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "petroleum ether" ], "offsets": [ [ 112, 127 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C004544" } ] }, { "id": "12946721_MESH:D000432_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "methanol" ], "offsets": [ [ 129, 137 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000432" } ] }, { "id": "12946721_MESH:D000096_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "acetone" ], "offsets": [ [ 142, 149 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000096" } ] }, { "id": "12946721_-_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "petroleum ether extract" ], "offsets": [ [ 196, 219 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "12946721_MESH:D001201_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lymphoma ascites" ], "offsets": [ [ 259, 275 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001201" } ] }, { "id": "12946721_MESH:D002286_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Ehrlich ascites" ], "offsets": [ [ 283, 298 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002286" } ] }, { "id": "12946721_CVCL_0159;NCBITaxID:10090_10", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "B16F10" ], "offsets": [ [ 308, 314 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL_0159;NCBITaxID:10090" } ] }, { "id": "12946721_MESH:D009369_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 478, 483 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "12946721_10090_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 513, 517 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "12946721_MESH:D009369_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "solid tumor" ], "offsets": [ [ 590, 601 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "12946721_10090_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 605, 609 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "34081275_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Impact of the Hepatic Branch of the Vagus Nerve Transection in Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy for Patients with Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 150 ] ] }, { "id": "34081275_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: An increase in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has been reported, and concomitant hiatal hernia repair (HHR) during LSG is expected to reduce the incidence of post-LSG GERD. In HHR, the hepatic branch of the vagus nerve is anatomically transected. Recent experimental animal models suggest that vagotomy may affect glycemic control and weight loss through a neuroendocrine response. OBJECTIVES: To examine whether LSG with/without hepatic branch vagotomy (HV) has a clinical impact on glycemic control in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Furthermore, the impact on weight loss and post-LSG GERD were evaluated. METHODS: A total of 204 Japanese patients with obesity and T2DM, who underwent LSG and completed 1-year follow-up, were retrospectively analyzed. Operative outcomes, weight loss, glycemic, and GERD-related parameters were compared between the LSG/HHR/HV group (n = 89) and the LSG group (n = 115). RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the background factors in terms of anthropometric and T2DM-related parameters between the groups. The median operation times in the LSG/HHR/HV and LSG groups were 133 and 124 minutes, respectively (p = 0.236). At 1 year, the diabetes remission rate, HbA1c, fasting glucose, and C-peptide levels were all comparable between the groups. The weight loss effect was also comparable. The patients in the LSG/HHR/HV group achieved significant improvement and prevention of GERD and hiatus hernia (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: HV does not appear to have a clinical impact on glycemic control and weight loss. Concomitant HHR with LSG serves to reduce post-LSG GERD." ], "offsets": [ [ 151, 1850 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "34081275_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 99, 107 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D003924_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus" ], "offsets": [ [ 125, 149 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003924" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D005764_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "gastroesophageal reflux disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 178, 209 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005764" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D005764_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "GERD" ], "offsets": [ [ 211, 215 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005764" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D006551_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hiatal hernia" ], "offsets": [ [ 296, 309 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006551" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D005764_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "GERD" ], "offsets": [ [ 382, 386 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005764" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D015431_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "weight loss" ], "offsets": [ [ 550, 561 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015431" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D056486_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hepatic branch vagotomy" ], "offsets": [ [ 645, 668 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D056486_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HV" ], "offsets": [ [ 670, 672 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 719, 727 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D009765_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "obesity" ], "offsets": [ [ 733, 740 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009765" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D003924_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "type 2 diabetes mellitus" ], "offsets": [ [ 745, 769 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003924" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D003924_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "T2DM" ], "offsets": [ [ 771, 775 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003924" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D015431_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "weight loss" ], "offsets": [ [ 805, 816 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015431" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D005764_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "GERD" ], "offsets": [ [ 830, 834 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005764" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_9606_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 884, 892 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D009765_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "obesity" ], "offsets": [ [ 898, 905 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009765" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D003924_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "T2DM" ], "offsets": [ [ 910, 914 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003924" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D015431_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "weight loss" ], "offsets": [ [ 1017, 1028 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015431" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D005764_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "GERD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1044, 1048 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005764" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D056486_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HV" ], "offsets": [ [ 1102, 1104 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D003924_21", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "T2DM" ], "offsets": [ [ 1251, 1255 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003924" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D056486_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HV" ], "offsets": [ [ 1337, 1339 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D003920_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetes" ], "offsets": [ [ 1422, 1430 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D005947_24", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 1462, 1469 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_3630_25", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "C-peptide" ], "offsets": [ [ 1475, 1484 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D015431_26", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "weight loss" ], "offsets": [ [ 1536, 1547 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015431" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_9606_27", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1580, 1588 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D056486_28", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HV" ], "offsets": [ [ 1604, 1606 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D005764_29", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "GERD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1664, 1668 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005764" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D006551_30", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hiatus hernia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1673, 1686 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006551" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D056486_31", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "HV" ], "offsets": [ [ 1712, 1714 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D056486" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D015431_32", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "weight loss" ], "offsets": [ [ 1781, 1792 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015431" } ] }, { "id": "34081275_MESH:D005764_33", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "GERD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1845, 1849 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005764" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20614475_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Parathyroid hormone gene family in a cartilaginous fish, the elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii)." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 98 ] ] }, { "id": "20614475_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The development of bone was a major step in the evolution of vertebrates. A bony skeleton provided structural support and a calcium reservoir essential for the movement from an aquatic to a terrestrial environment. Cartilaginous fishes are the oldest living group of jawed vertebrates. In this study we have identified three members of the parathyroid hormone (Pth) gene family in a cartilaginous fish, the elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii). The three genes include two Pth genes, designated as Pth1 and Pth2, and a Pthrp gene. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that elephant shark Pth2 is an ancient gene whose orthologue is lost in bony vertebrates. The Pth1 and Pth2 genes have the same structure as the Pth gene in bony vertebrates, whereas the structure of the Pthrp gene is more complex in tetrapods compared with elephant shark. The three elephant shark genes showed distinct patterns of expression, with Pth2 being expressed only in the brain and spleen. This contrasts with localization of the corresponding proteins, which showed considerable overlap in their distribution. There were conserved sites of localization for Pthrp between elephant shark and mammals, including tissues such as kidney, skin, skeletal and cardiac muscle, pancreas, and cartilage. The elephant shark Pth1(1-34) and Pthrp(1-34) peptides were able to stimulate cAMP accumulation in mammalian UMR106.01 cells. However, Pth2(1-34) peptide did not show such PTH-like biologic activity. The presence of Pth and Pthrp genes in the elephant shark indicates that these genes played fundamental roles before their recruitment to bone development in bony jawed vertebrates." ], "offsets": [ [ 99, 1748 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "20614475_7777_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "cartilaginous" ], "offsets": [ [ 37, 50 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "7777" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_7868_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "elephant shark" ], "offsets": [ [ 61, 75 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "7868" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_7868_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Callorhinchus milii" ], "offsets": [ [ 77, 96 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "7868" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_MESH:D002118_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "calcium" ], "offsets": [ [ 223, 230 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002118" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_7777_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Cartilaginous fishes" ], "offsets": [ [ 314, 334 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "7777" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_7776_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "jawed vertebrates" ], "offsets": [ [ 366, 383 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "7776" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_24694_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Pth" ], "offsets": [ [ 460, 463 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24694" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_7777_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "cartilaginous" ], "offsets": [ [ 482, 495 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "7777" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_7868_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "elephant shark" ], "offsets": [ [ 506, 520 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "7868" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_7868_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Callorhinchus milii" ], "offsets": [ [ 522, 541 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "7868" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_24694_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Pth" ], "offsets": [ [ 572, 575 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24694" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_103190144_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Pth2" ], "offsets": [ [ 606, 610 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "103190144" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_103186229_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Pthrp" ], "offsets": [ [ 618, 623 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "103186229" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_7868_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "elephant shark" ], "offsets": [ [ 667, 681 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "7868" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_103190144_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Pth2" ], "offsets": [ [ 682, 686 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "103190144" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_117571_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "bony vertebrates" ], "offsets": [ [ 734, 750 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "117571" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_499149_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Pth2" ], "offsets": [ [ 765, 769 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "499149" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_24694_17", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Pth" ], "offsets": [ [ 807, 810 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24694" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_117571_18", "type": "Species", "text": [ "bony vertebrates" ], "offsets": [ [ 819, 835 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "117571" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_103186229_19", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Pthrp" ], "offsets": [ [ 866, 871 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "103186229" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_32523_20", "type": "Species", "text": [ "tetrapods" ], "offsets": [ [ 896, 905 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "32523" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_7868_21", "type": "Species", "text": [ "elephant shark" ], "offsets": [ [ 920, 934 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "7868" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_7868_22", "type": "Species", "text": [ "elephant shark" ], "offsets": [ [ 946, 960 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "7868" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_103190144_23", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Pth2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1012, 1016 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "103190144" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_103186229_24", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Pthrp" ], "offsets": [ [ 1231, 1236 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "103186229" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_7868_25", "type": "Species", "text": [ "elephant shark" ], "offsets": [ [ 1245, 1259 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "7868" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_7868_26", "type": "Species", "text": [ "elephant shark" ], "offsets": [ [ 1371, 1385 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "7868" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_-_27", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cAMP" ], "offsets": [ [ 1445, 1449 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_9606_28", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mammalian" ], "offsets": [ [ 1466, 1475 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_CVCL_D580;NCBITaxID:10116_29", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "UMR106.01" ], "offsets": [ [ 1476, 1485 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL_D580;NCBITaxID:10116" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_499149_30", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Pth2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1502, 1506 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "499149" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_24694_31", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PTH" ], "offsets": [ [ 1539, 1542 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24694" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_24694_32", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Pth" ], "offsets": [ [ 1583, 1586 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "24694" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_103186229_33", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Pthrp" ], "offsets": [ [ 1591, 1596 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "103186229" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_7868_34", "type": "Species", "text": [ "elephant shark" ], "offsets": [ [ 1610, 1624 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "7868" } ] }, { "id": "20614475_7776_35", "type": "Species", "text": [ "jawed vertebrates" ], "offsets": [ [ 1730, 1747 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "7776" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "11510979_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Enteric plexus and interstitial cells of Cajal: interrelationship in the stomach of Podarcis hispanica (Reptilia). An ultrastructural study." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 140 ] ] }, { "id": "11510979_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The ultrastructure organization of the stomach enteric plexus was examined in the lizard Podarcis hispanica. The ganglions of the myenteric plexus present a low number of nerve cell bodies with a peculiar nucleus, which occasionally establish direct contacts with cells of the circular muscle layer. Glial cells are smaller than the neurones, and their nucleus is very electron-dense. They surround the axons that constitute the fibres of the myenteric plexus. Four main types of axon profile are described in a morphological consideration of the vesicle population. In the interstice of the circular muscle layer we describe two types of interstitial cells that, due to their ultrastructural characteristics, may be equivalent to the interstitial cells of Cajal which have been described in mammalians. These cells shows parallel distribution to the stomach nerve plexuses, establishing close contacts with them through their long cytoplasmic prolongations. By means of small gap-like unions, they contact both each other and the smooth muscle cells near them. We describe a submucous plexus, where neuronal bodies are scattered among bundles of nervous fibres, some of which are myelinated. A mucous plexus with isolated neurones is located in the lamina propria. Axonal varicosities containing vesicles contact with the cells of the mucous. Interconnected interstitial cells may also be found in this plexus." ], "offsets": [ [ 141, 1552 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "11510979_74081_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Podarcis hispanica" ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 102 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "74081" } ] }, { "id": "11510979_8524_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "lizard" ], "offsets": [ [ 223, 229 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "8524" } ] }, { "id": "11510979_74081_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Podarcis hispanica" ], "offsets": [ [ 230, 248 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "74081" } ] }, { "id": "11510979_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mammalians" ], "offsets": [ [ 933, 943 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "15114235_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Time to maximum effect site concentration." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 42 ] ] }, { "id": "15114235_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 43, 43 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3222649_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Respiratory distress and acute drug poisoning]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 48 ] ] }, { "id": "3222649_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 49, 49 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3222649_MESH:D012128_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Respiratory distress" ], "offsets": [ [ 1, 21 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012128" } ] }, { "id": "3222649_MESH:D011041_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "drug poisoning" ], "offsets": [ [ 32, 46 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011041" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "24673821_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The Potential Risk of Conical Implant-Abutment Connections: The Antirotational Ability of Cowell Implant System." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 112 ] ] }, { "id": "24673821_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Conical implant-abutment connections are popular because of good antibending performance. However, the cross section is round, and the antirotational ability is questionable because restorations in the oral cavity also have to bear torsional moments resulting from chewing patterns. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the antirotational ability of conical implant-abutment connections with and without an index. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Conical connection implant system (Cowell Medi, Busan, South Korea) was selected. Two kinds of cyclic loading, a bending moment with (C) and without (L) a torsional moment, were respectively applied to two kinds of abutments, pure cone (N-Octa) and cone with an octagonal index (Octa). The number of cycles to fatigue and the failure modes was recorded. Morphologies of the abutments were examined with scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: Only group C(N-Octa) passed the fatigue test, whereas the other three groups failed because of different failure modes. In group L(N-Octa), all abutments generated rotation within 150 cycles. In groups C(Octa) and L(Octa), all abutments fractured but in different areas. CONCLUSIONS: In Cowell implant system (taper angle = 7 ), there was no antirotational ability in purely conical connections. Adding an octagonal index could provide an antirotational function but could compromise the antibending strength of the abutment." ], "offsets": [ [ 113, 1546 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "24673821_-_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "N-Octa" ], "offsets": [ [ 816, 822 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "24673821_MESH:D005221_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fatigue and the failure" ], "offsets": [ [ 889, 912 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005221" } ] }, { "id": "24673821_-_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "N-Octa" ], "offsets": [ [ 1034, 1040 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "24673821_MESH:D005221_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fatigue" ], "offsets": [ [ 1053, 1060 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005221" } ] }, { "id": "24673821_-_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "-Octa" ], "offsets": [ [ 1153, 1158 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "2495227_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Transmissible mupirocin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 60 ] ] }, { "id": "2495227_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The spread of two strains of Staphylococcus aureus with high level resistance to mupirocin is described. The resistance proved to be easily transferred to other S. aureus strains by filter mating experiments and on the skin of mice. No plasmid band corresponding to the resistance could be demonstrated by agarose gel electrophoresis or by caesium chloride gradient centrifugation but cleavage of 'chromosomal' DNA from resistant recipients showed bright bands of DNA absent from sensitive controls." ], "offsets": [ [ 61, 560 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "2495227_MESH:D016712_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "mupirocin" ], "offsets": [ [ 14, 23 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016712" } ] }, { "id": "2495227_1280_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Staphylococcus aureus" ], "offsets": [ [ 38, 59 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1280" } ] }, { "id": "2495227_1280_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Staphylococcus aureus" ], "offsets": [ [ 90, 111 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1280" } ] }, { "id": "2495227_MESH:D016712_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "mupirocin" ], "offsets": [ [ 142, 151 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016712" } ] }, { "id": "2495227_1280_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "S. aureus" ], "offsets": [ [ 222, 231 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1280" } ] }, { "id": "2495227_10090_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 288, 292 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "2495227_MESH:D012685_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "agarose" ], "offsets": [ [ 367, 374 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012685" } ] }, { "id": "2495227_MESH:C028019_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "caesium chloride" ], "offsets": [ [ 401, 417 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C028019" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "499330_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The production of fibrinolysis inhibitors as a parameter of the activation state in murine macrophages." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 103 ] ] }, { "id": "499330_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 104, 104 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "499330_10090_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "murine" ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 90 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "32278738_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Globular CTRP9 protects cardiomyocytes from palmitic acid-induced oxidative stress by enhancing autophagic flux." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 112 ] ] }, { "id": "32278738_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress in cardiac myocytes is an important pathogenesis of cardiac lipotoxicity. Autophagy is a cellular self-digestion process that can selectively remove damaged organelles under oxidative stress, and thus presents a potential therapeutic target against cardiac lipotoxicity. Globular CTRP9 (gCTRP9) is a newly identified adiponectin paralog with established metabolic regulatory properties. The aim of this work is to investigate whether autophagy participates the protection effects of gCTRP9 in neonatal rat cardiac myocytes (NRCMs) under oxidative stress and the underlying mechanism. RESULTS: NRCMs were treated with PA of various concentrations for indicated time period. Our results showed that PA enhanced intracellular ROS accumulation, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsim) and increased activation of caspases 3. These changes suggested lipotoxicity due to excessive PA. In addition, PA was observed to impair autophagic flux in NRCMs and impaired autophagosome clearance induced by PA contributes to cardiomyocyte death. Besides, we found that gCTRP9 increased the ratio of LC3II/I and the expression of ATG5 which was vital to the formation of autophagosomes and decreased the level of P62, suggesting enhanced autophagic flux in the absence or presence of PA. The result was further confirmed by the methods of infection with LC3-mRFP-GFP lentivirus and blockage of autophagosome-lysosome fusion by BafA1. Moreover, gCTRP9 reestablished the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, suppressed ROS generation, and reduced PA -induced myocyte death. However, the protective effect of gCTRP9 on the cardiac lipotoxicity was partly abolished by blockade of autophagy by autophagy-related 5 (ATG5) siRNA, indicating that the effect of gCTRP9 on cell survival is critically mediated through regulation of autophagy. CONCLUSION: Autophagy induction by gCTRP9 could be utilized as a potential therapeutic strategy against oxidative stress-mediated damage in cardiomyocytes." ], "offsets": [ [ 113, 2134 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "32278738_MESH:D019308_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "palmitic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 44, 57 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019308" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_MESH:D006331_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cardiac lipotoxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 194, 214 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006331" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_MESH:D006331_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cardiac lipotoxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 391, 411 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006331" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_246253_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "adiponectin" ], "offsets": [ [ 459, 470 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "246253" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_10116_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 644, 647 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_MESH:D011478_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PA" ], "offsets": [ [ 759, 761 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011478" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_MESH:D011478_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PA" ], "offsets": [ [ 839, 841 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011478" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_-_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ROS" ], "offsets": [ [ 865, 868 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_MESH:D011478_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1032, 1034 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011478" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_MESH:D011478_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1049, 1051 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011478" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_MESH:D011478_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1148, 1150 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011478" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_MESH:D003643_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cardiomyocyte death" ], "offsets": [ [ 1166, 1185 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_362245_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "LC3II/I" ], "offsets": [ [ 1240, 1247 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "362245" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_365601_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "ATG5" ], "offsets": [ [ 1270, 1274 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "365601" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_MESH:D011478_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1424, 1426 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011478" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_MESH:D007239_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 1479, 1488 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_-_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ROS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1662, 1665 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_MESH:D011478_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1690, 1692 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011478" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_MESH:D003643_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "death" ], "offsets": [ [ 1710, 1715 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_-_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "gCTRP9" ], "offsets": [ [ 1751, 1757 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_MESH:D006331_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cardiac lipotoxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 1765, 1785 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006331" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_365601_21", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "autophagy-related 5" ], "offsets": [ [ 1835, 1854 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "365601" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_365601_22", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "ATG5" ], "offsets": [ [ 1856, 1860 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "365601" } ] }, { "id": "32278738_-_23", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "gCTRP9" ], "offsets": [ [ 2014, 2020 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "34573118_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "An Ascorbate Bluetooth Analyzer for Quality Control of Fresh-Cut Parsley Supply Chain." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 87 ] ] }, { "id": "34573118_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "This work provides companies in the fresh-cut produce sector with an Ascorbate Bluetooth Analyzer (ABA), a screen-printed sensor-based device for ascorbic acid (AA) detection, for quality control all along the supply chain. The amperometric detection of AA on fresh and fresh-cut parsley, under correct and incorrect storage temperature, allowed us to investigate the kinetics of AA decay in response to oxidative stress. The role of ascorbate oxidase (AOx) and ascorbate peroxidase (APx) was studied. ABA was used in situ by unskilled personnel. Treatments influenced AA decay kinetics, which were linear in fresh parsley, and non-linear in fresh-cut. Two hours at 28 C immediately after chopping, the resilience of the fresh-cut parsley was reduced, even though the cold chain was restored. Two hours at -2 C caused a rapid loss of AA until its complete decay after 72 h. Significant differences between treatments were observed in both the expression and activity of AOx and APx. ABA registered sudden changes of parsley AA following unpredicted variations of temperature during processing or transport. It was useful to remedy the effects of unexpected flaws in the cold chain, which can be proposed for quality preservation of different fresh-cut produce." ], "offsets": [ [ 88, 1351 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "34573118_MESH:D001205_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Ascorbate" ], "offsets": [ [ 3, 12 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001205" } ] }, { "id": "34573118_4043_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Parsley" ], "offsets": [ [ 66, 73 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4043" } ] }, { "id": "34573118_MESH:D001205_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Ascorbate" ], "offsets": [ [ 157, 166 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001205" } ] }, { "id": "34573118_MESH:D001205_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ascorbic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 235, 248 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001205" } ] }, { "id": "34573118_4043_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "parsley" ], "offsets": [ [ 369, 376 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4043" } ] }, { "id": "34573118_-_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ABA" ], "offsets": [ [ 591, 594 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "34573118_4043_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "parsley" ], "offsets": [ [ 704, 711 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4043" } ] }, { "id": "34573118_4043_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "parsley" ], "offsets": [ [ 821, 828 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4043" } ] }, { "id": "34573118_-_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ABA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1074, 1077 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "34573118_4043_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "parsley" ], "offsets": [ [ 1107, 1114 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4043" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18579333_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Impact of protein deficiency on venous ulcer healing." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 53 ] ] }, { "id": "18579333_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of protein deficiency and its impact on wound healing is not known for leg ulcers. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of protein deficiency in outpatients presenting with leg ulcers and the parameter's prognostic value for wound outcome. DESIGN OF STUDY: Prospective controlled observational study. SETTING: Ambulatory patients referred for chronic wounds to four university hospitals. METHODS: Consecutive out-patients with a leg ulcer present for at least 2 months, related to venous insufficiency, associated or not with moderate peripheral arterial disease (ankle-brachial pressure index > 0.7), were included in a prospective study. Wound evaluation (area and occurrence of complications) was performed at baseline and at 12 weeks of follow-up. Biologic nutrition assessment (serum albumin, transthyretin, c-reactive protein) was performed at baseline. The control group consisted of consecutive patients free of leg ulceration and attending the dermatology outpatient clinic for remissive skin cancer or miscellaneous skin disorders. RESULTS: Forty one patients and 43 controls were included. Serum albumin level was under 35 g/L (normal values: 36-44 g/L) in 27% of the patients and 2% of the controls (P < .001). At 12 weeks, 34% of the patients had an increase in wound area. Wound infections occurred in 12% (n = 5) of the patients. Protein deficiency was independently associated with an increase in wound area at 12 weeks (P = .034) and the presence of an inflammatory syndrome was associated with the occurrence of wound complications (wound infection or hospitalization) during follow-up (P < .001). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of protein deficiency in out-patients with leg ulcers is high and significantly associated with a poor healing prognosis." ], "offsets": [ [ 54, 1861 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "18579333_MESH:D018455_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "protein deficiency" ], "offsets": [ [ 10, 28 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018455" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_MESH:D014647_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "venous ulcer healing" ], "offsets": [ [ 32, 52 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014647" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_MESH:D018455_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "protein deficiency" ], "offsets": [ [ 83, 101 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018455" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_MESH:D014456_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ulcers" ], "offsets": [ [ 155, 161 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014456" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_MESH:D018455_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "protein deficiency" ], "offsets": [ [ 220, 238 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018455" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_MESH:D014456_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ulcers" ], "offsets": [ [ 274, 280 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014456" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 418, 426 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 510, 518 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_MESH:D014456_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ulcer" ], "offsets": [ [ 530, 535 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014456" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_MESH:D014689_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "venous insufficiency" ], "offsets": [ [ 578, 598 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014689" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_MESH:D058729_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "peripheral arterial disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 632, 659 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D058729" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_213_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "albumin" ], "offsets": [ [ 886, 893 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "213" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_7276_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "transthyretin" ], "offsets": [ [ 895, 908 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7276" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_1401_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "c-reactive protein" ], "offsets": [ [ 910, 928 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "1401" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1000, 1008 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_MESH:D014456_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ulceration" ], "offsets": [ [ 1021, 1031 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014456" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_9606_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "outpatient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1062, 1072 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_MESH:D012878_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "skin cancer" ], "offsets": [ [ 1094, 1105 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012878" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_MESH:D012871_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "miscellaneous skin disorders" ], "offsets": [ [ 1109, 1137 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012871" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_9606_19", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1158, 1166 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_213_20", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Serum albumin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1198, 1211 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "213" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_9606_21", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1276, 1284 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_9606_22", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1344, 1352 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_MESH:D007239_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infections" ], "offsets": [ [ 1390, 1400 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_9606_24", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1432, 1440 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_MESH:D018455_25", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Protein deficiency" ], "offsets": [ [ 1442, 1460 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018455" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_MESH:D007239_26", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 1654, 1663 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_MESH:D018455_27", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "protein deficiency" ], "offsets": [ [ 1743, 1761 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018455" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_9606_28", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1769, 1777 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "18579333_MESH:D014456_29", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ulcers" ], "offsets": [ [ 1787, 1793 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014456" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "34913716_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Draft Genome Sequences of Four Streptomycin-Sensitive Erwinia amylovora Strains Isolated from Commercial Apple Orchards in Ohio." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 128 ] ] }, { "id": "34913716_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Erwinia amylovora is the causative agent of fire blight, a devastating disease of apples and pears worldwide. Here, we report draft genome sequences of four streptomycin-sensitive strains of E. amylovora that were isolated from diseased apple trees in Ohio." ], "offsets": [ [ 129, 386 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "34913716_MESH:D013307_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Streptomycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 31, 43 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013307" } ] }, { "id": "34913716_552_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Erwinia amylovora" ], "offsets": [ [ 54, 71 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "552" } ] }, { "id": "34913716_3750_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Apple" ], "offsets": [ [ 105, 110 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3750" } ] }, { "id": "34913716_552_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Erwinia amylovora" ], "offsets": [ [ 129, 146 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "552" } ] }, { "id": "34913716_3750_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "apples" ], "offsets": [ [ 211, 217 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3750" } ] }, { "id": "34913716_23211_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "pears" ], "offsets": [ [ 222, 227 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "23211" } ] }, { "id": "34913716_MESH:D013307_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "streptomycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 286, 298 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013307" } ] }, { "id": "34913716_552_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "E. amylovora" ], "offsets": [ [ 320, 332 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "552" } ] }, { "id": "34913716_3750_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "apple trees" ], "offsets": [ [ 366, 377 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3750" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20206070_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Treatment of non-left main bifurcation lesions using the sirolimus-eluting stent: A comparison of chronic outcomes of cross-over single stenting and crush stenting." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 164 ] ] }, { "id": "20206070_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: It is said that the chronic outcomes of the two-stent technique for bifurcation lesions are inferior to that of cross-over single stenting. However, there are many cases where true bifurcations are difficult to treat by single stenting and, in particular, strategies for bifurcation lesions that are not left main trunk (LMT) bifurcations are still not clear. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to compare the usefulness of crush stenting with that of cross-over single stenting using the sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) on bifurcation lesions with the exclusion of LMT bifurcations. METHODS: Subjects were 92 consecutive patients (100 lesions) who underwent cross-over single stenting or crush stenting using SES for bifurcation lesions with the exclusion of LMT bifurcations. The patients were divided into 33 patients with 34 lesions, in whom the stent was implanted in the main vessel alone with the kissing balloon technique performed for the main vessel and side branch (Single-stenting group; S group), and 59 patients with 66 lesions, in whom the stent was implanted through crush stenting (Crush-stenting group; C group). The two groups were compared for target lesion revascularization (TLR) and major adverse cardiac events (MACE). RESULTS: There were no differences for TLR, with this conducted in the main vessel in 5.9% of S group and 4.5% of C group. There was no difference between the groups in MACE with 9.1% in S group and 8.5% in C group. No significant difference was seen in MACE-free survival rate in the chronic phase with 93.9% for S group and 94.9% for C group (P=NS). CONCLUSION: No differences in chronic clinical outcomes were revealed in a comparison between cross-over single stenting and crush stenting. Good clinical outcomes were achieved by both cross-over single stenting and crush stenting in the treatment of non-left main bifurcation lesions." ], "offsets": [ [ 165, 2048 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "20206070_MESH:D020123_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sirolimus" ], "offsets": [ [ 57, 66 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020123" } ] }, { "id": "20206070_MESH:D020123_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sirolimus" ], "offsets": [ [ 658, 667 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020123" } ] }, { "id": "20206070_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 789, 797 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "20206070_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 949, 957 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "20206070_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 979, 987 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "20206070_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1184, 1192 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6892131_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Adaptation of ecthyma contagiosum virus to cell culture]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 58 ] ] }, { "id": "6892131_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Series of attempts were made to adapt the Phylaxia vaccinal strain (Hungary) to various cell cultures in vitro. The work with twenty-one successive passages of the virus in a culture of lamb testis resulted in the production of an adapted strain that could produce a characteristic cytopathic effect at the 24th--48th hour of the infection, reaching a titer of 10(4.5) ID/cm3. Cytologic and electron-microscope investigations confirmed the fact that this cell strain belonged to the Parapoxvirus genus. The experimental infection of 4-5-month-old lambs showed that the virus strain retained its capacity to cause typical clinical signs of infectious ectyma. It could be used in the production of a cell-cultural vaccine." ], "offsets": [ [ 59, 779 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "6892131_MESH:D004673_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Phylaxia vaccinal" ], "offsets": [ [ 101, 118 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004673" } ] }, { "id": "6892131_MESH:D007239_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 389, 398 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "6892131_MESH:D007239_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 579, 588 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "6892131_9940_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "lambs" ], "offsets": [ [ 606, 611 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9940" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18143769_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Pernicious malnutrition anemia." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 31 ] ] }, { "id": "18143769_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 32, 32 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "18143769_MESH:D000752_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Pernicious malnutrition anemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 30 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000752" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30660648_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "miR-17~92 in lymphocyte development and lymphomagenesis." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 56 ] ] }, { "id": "30660648_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "microRNAs (miRNAs) down-modulate the levels of proteins by sequence-specific binding to their respective target mRNAs, causing translational repression or mRNA degradation. The miR-17~92 cluster encodes for six miRNAs whose target recognition specificities are determined by their distinct sequence. In mice, the four miRNA families generated from the miR-17~92 cluster coordinate to allow for proper lymphocyte development and effective adaptive immune responses following infection or immunization. Lymphocyte development and homeostasis rely on tight regulation of PI3K signaling to avoid autoimmunity or immunodeficiency, and the miR-17~92 miRNAs appear as key mediators to appropriately tune PI3K activity. On the other hand, in lymphoid tumors overexpression of the miR-17~92 miRNAs is a common oncogenic event. In this review, we touch on what we have learned so far about the miR-17~92 miRNAs, particularly with respect to their role in lymphocyte development, homeostasis and pathology." ], "offsets": [ [ 57, 1052 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "30660648_75957_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-17~92" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 9 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "75957" } ] }, { "id": "30660648_75957_1", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-17~92" ], "offsets": [ [ 234, 243 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "75957" } ] }, { "id": "30660648_10090_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "mice" ], "offsets": [ [ 360, 364 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10090" } ] }, { "id": "30660648_75957_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-17~92" ], "offsets": [ [ 409, 418 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "75957" } ] }, { "id": "30660648_MESH:D007239_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 531, 540 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "30660648_MESH:D001327_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "autoimmunity or immunodeficiency" ], "offsets": [ [ 649, 681 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001327" } ] }, { "id": "30660648_723905_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-17" ], "offsets": [ [ 691, 697 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "723905" } ] }, { "id": "30660648_MESH:D008223_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lymphoid tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 791, 806 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008223" } ] }, { "id": "30660648_75957_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-17~92" ], "offsets": [ [ 829, 838 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "75957" } ] }, { "id": "30660648_723905_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "miR-17" ], "offsets": [ [ 941, 947 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "723905" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "22464948_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Animal models of working memory: a review of tasks that might be used in screening drug treatments for the memory impairments found in schizophrenia." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 149 ] ] }, { "id": "22464948_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The Cognitive Neuroscience Treatment Research to Improve Cognition in Schizophrenia (CNTRICS) meeting on \"Selecting Promising Animal Paradigms\" focused on a consideration of valid tasks for drug discovery in non-humans. This consensus review is based on a break-out session with experts from academia and industry which considered tasks that tap working memory in animals. The specific focus of the session was on tasks measuring goal maintenance, memory capacity, and interference control. Of the tasks nominated for goal maintenance, the most developed paradigms were operant delayed-non-matching-to-position tasks, and touch-screen variants of these may hold particular promise. For memory capacity, the task recommended for further development was the span task, although it is recognized that more work on its neural substrates is required. For interference control, versions of the n-back task were felt to resemble the deficits found in schizophrenia, although additional development of these tasks is also required." ], "offsets": [ [ 150, 1173 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "22464948_MESH:D008569_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "memory impairments" ], "offsets": [ [ 107, 125 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008569" } ] }, { "id": "22464948_MESH:D012559_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "schizophrenia" ], "offsets": [ [ 135, 148 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012559" } ] }, { "id": "22464948_MESH:D012559_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Schizophrenia" ], "offsets": [ [ 220, 233 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012559" } ] }, { "id": "22464948_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "humans" ], "offsets": [ [ 362, 368 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "22464948_MESH:D012559_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "schizophrenia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1094, 1107 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012559" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9473522_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Cloning and correct expression in Escherichia coli of the petE and petJ genes respectively encoding plastocyanin and cytochrome c6 from the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7119." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 177 ] ] }, { "id": "9473522_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The genes coding for plastocyanin (petE) and cytochrome c6 (petJ) from Anabaena sp. PCC 7119 have been cloned and properly expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant proteins are identical to those purified from the cyanobacterial cells. The products of both the petE and petJ genes are correctly processed in E. coli, as deduced from their identical N-terminal amino acid sequences as compared with those of the metalloproteins isolated from the cyanobacterium. Physicochemical and functional properties of the native and recombinant protein preparations are also identical, thereby confirming that expression of petE and petJ genes in E. coli is an adequate tool to address the study of the structure/function relationships in plastocyanin and cytochrome c6 from Anabaena by site-directed mutagenesis." ], "offsets": [ [ 178, 985 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "9473522_562_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Escherichia coli" ], "offsets": [ [ 34, 50 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "562" } ] }, { "id": "9473522_1168_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Anabaena sp. PCC 7119" ], "offsets": [ [ 155, 176 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1168" } ] }, { "id": "9473522_1168_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Anabaena sp. PCC 7119" ], "offsets": [ [ 249, 270 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1168" } ] }, { "id": "9473522_562_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Escherichia coli" ], "offsets": [ [ 314, 330 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "562" } ] }, { "id": "9473522_562_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "E. coli" ], "offsets": [ [ 492, 499 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "562" } ] }, { "id": "9473522_562_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "E. coli" ], "offsets": [ [ 819, 826 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "562" } ] }, { "id": "9473522_1168_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Anabaena" ], "offsets": [ [ 947, 955 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1168" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "33320109_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Influence of secretory phenotype and preoperative preparation on surgical outcome in pheochromocytoma." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 102 ] ] }, { "id": "33320109_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Objectives: Surgery of pheochromocytomas (PCs) still carries a high risk of haemodynamic complications during the perioperative period. We aimed to evaluate the influence of their secretory phenotype and preoperative alpha-blocker treatment on surgical outcome. Design: A retrospective monocentric study at a tertiary medical centre. Patients: In this study, 80 consecutive patients operated by the same team for a PC between 1988 and 2018. Results: Diagnosis was based on typical symptoms and signs in 58 patients, genetic testing in 12 and work-up of an adrenal incidentaloma in 9. It was made during surgery in one patient. A genetic predisposition was found in one-third of index cases (21/62). The majority of the patients (73/79) had a secreting PC; more than 2/3 had an adrenergic phenotype and less than 1/3 a noradrenergic phenotype. The rate of perioperative haemodynamic complications was not influenced by the secretory phenotype, but persistent hypertension after surgery, recurrence and malignancy were more frequently observed in patients with a noradrenergic tumour. Preoperative alpha-blocker treatment was given for >= 14 days in 29 patients and, although being more symptomatic at diagnosis, these patients had less haemodynamic complications (3/29 vs 12/51 non-treated patients, P = 0.05). Conclusions: The occurrence of haemodynamic complications during surgery was not significantly affected by the secretory phenotype in our study, but noradrenergic tumours show a worse post-surgical outcome. Our data also provide additional support in favour of a sufficient preoperative alpha-blockade in patients with pheochromocytoma." ], "offsets": [ [ 103, 1749 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "33320109_MESH:D010673_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pheochromocytoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 85, 101 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010673" } ] }, { "id": "33320109_MESH:D010673_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pheochromocytomas" ], "offsets": [ [ 126, 143 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010673" } ] }, { "id": "33320109_MESH:D010673_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PCs" ], "offsets": [ [ 145, 148 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010673" } ] }, { "id": "33320109_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 437, 445 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33320109_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 477, 485 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33320109_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 609, 617 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33320109_MESH:C538238_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "adrenal incidentaloma" ], "offsets": [ [ 659, 680 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C538238" } ] }, { "id": "33320109_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 721, 728 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33320109_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 822, 830 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33320109_MESH:D006973_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertension" ], "offsets": [ [ 1061, 1073 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "33320109_MESH:D009369_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "malignancy" ], "offsets": [ [ 1104, 1114 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "33320109_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1148, 1156 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33320109_MESH:D009369_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumour" ], "offsets": [ [ 1178, 1184 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "33320109_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1254, 1262 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33320109_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1320, 1328 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33320109_9606_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1392, 1400 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33320109_MESH:D009369_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumours" ], "offsets": [ [ 1576, 1583 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "33320109_9606_17", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1718, 1726 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33320109_MESH:D010673_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pheochromocytoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 1732, 1748 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010673" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3800715_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Dementia and technology." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 24 ] ] }, { "id": "3800715_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 25, 25 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3800715_MESH:D003704_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 8 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "4743988_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A preliminary report on \"mass hysteria\" in an Ankole school in Uganda." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 70 ] ] }, { "id": "4743988_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 71 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "25029631_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Improving population management through pharmacist-primary care integration: a pilot study." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 91 ] ] }, { "id": "25029631_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Pharmacists have unique skills that may benefit primary care practices. The objective of this demonstration project was to determine the impact of integrating pharmacists into patient-centered medical homes, with a focus on population management. Pharmacists were partnered into 5 primary care practices in Vermont 1 day per week to provide direct patient care, population-based medication management, and prescriber education. The main measures included a description of drug therapy problems identified and cost avoidance models. The pharmacists identified 708 drug therapy problems through direct patient care (336/708; 47.5%), population-based strategies (276/708; 38.9%), and education (96/708; 13.6%). Common population-based strategies included adjusting doses and discontinuing unnecessary medications. Pharmacists' recommendations to correct drug therapy problems were accepted by prescribers 86% of the time, when data about acceptance were known. Of the 49 recommendations not accepted, 47/49 (96%) were population-based and 2/49 (4%) were related to direct patient care. The cost avoidance model suggests $2.11 in cost was avoided for every $1.00 spent on a pharmacist ($373,092/$176,690). There was clear value in integrating pharmacists into primary care teams. Their inclusion prevented adverse drug events, avoided costs, and improved patient outcomes. Primary care providers should consider pharmacists well suited to offer direct patient care, population-based management, and prescriber education to their practices. To be successful, pharmacists must have full permission to document findings in the primary care practices' electronic health records. Given that many pharmacist services do not involve billable activities, sustainability requires identifying alternative funding mechanisms that do not rely on a traditional fee-for-service approach." ], "offsets": [ [ 92, 1961 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "25029631_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 268, 275 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "25029631_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 440, 447 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "25029631_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 692, 699 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "25029631_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1161, 1168 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "25029631_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1443, 1450 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "25029631_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1540, 1547 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "33617601_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Added value of clinical prediction rules for bacteremia in hemodialysis patients: An external validation study." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 111 ] ] }, { "id": "33617601_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "INTRODUCTION: Having developed a clinical prediction rule (CPR) for bacteremia among hemodialysis (HD) outpatients (BAC-HD score), we performed external validation. MATERIALS & METHODS: Data were collected on maintenance HD patients at two Japanese tertiary-care hospitals from January 2013 to December 2015. We enrolled 429 consecutive patients (aged >= 18 y) on maintenance HD who had had two sets of blood cultures drawn on admission to assess for bacteremia. We validated the predictive ability of the CPR using two validation cohorts. Index tests were the BAC-HD score and a CPR developed by Shapiro et al. The outcome was bacteremia, based on the results of the admission blood cultures. For added value, we also measured changes in the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) using logistic regression and Net Reclassification Improvement (NRI), in which each CPR was added to the basic model. RESULTS: In Validation cohort 1 (360 subjects), compared to a Model 1 (Basic Model) AUC of 0.69 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.59-0.80), the AUC of Model 2 (Basic model + BAC-HD score) and Model 3 (Basic model + Shapiro's score) increased to 0.8 (95% CI: 0.71-0.88) and 0.73 (95% CI: 0.63-0.83), respectively. In validation cohort 2 (96 subjects), compared to a Model 1 AUC of 0.81 (95% CI: 0.68-0.94), the AUCs of Model 2 and Model 3 increased to 0.83 (95% CI: 0.72-0.95) and 0.85 (95% CI: 0.76-0.94), respectively. NRIs on addition of the BAC-HD score and Shapiro's score were 0.3 and 0.06 in Validation cohort 1, and 0.27 and 0.13, respectively, in Validation cohort 2. CONCLUSION: Either the BAC-HD score or Shapiro's score may improve the ability to diagnose bacteremia in HD patients. Reclassification was better with the BAC-HD score." ], "offsets": [ [ 112, 1881 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "33617601_MESH:D016470_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bacteremia" ], "offsets": [ [ 45, 55 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016470" } ] }, { "id": "33617601_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 72, 80 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33617601_MESH:D016470_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bacteremia" ], "offsets": [ [ 180, 190 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016470" } ] }, { "id": "33617601_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 336, 344 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33617601_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 449, 457 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "33617601_MESH:D016470_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bacteremia" ], "offsets": [ [ 563, 573 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016470" } ] }, { "id": "33617601_MESH:D016470_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bacteremia" ], "offsets": [ [ 740, 750 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016470" } ] }, { "id": "33617601_MESH:D016470_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "bacteremia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1804, 1814 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016470" } ] }, { "id": "33617601_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1821, 1829 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "32595279_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Efficacy of Single Dose Ivermectin Against Strongyloides stercoralis Infection Among Primary School Children in Amhara National Regional State." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 143 ] ] }, { "id": "32595279_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Background: Ivermectin has been proven to be highly effective against Strongyloides stercoralis in some countries. However, its single dose (200 mug/kg) efficacy has not been proven up until now in Ethiopia. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of single dose ivermectin against S. stercoralis infection among school children. Methods: Stool sample was collected from April 2019 to December 2019 among 844 school children and screened by formol ether concentration, spontaneous tube sedimentation, Baermann concentration, and agar plate techniques. Single oral dose (200 mug/kg) ivermectin was given to 101 S. stercoralis-infected student and posttreatment diagnosis was done for 92 students after 2 weeks. Results: Of the total 92 S. stercoralis-infected students who took ivermectin treatment, 87 were negative with cure rate of 94.6%. No side effect of ivermectin was observed. Conclusion: Single dose ivermectin is an effective dose in uncomplicated chronic strongyloidiasis." ], "offsets": [ [ 144, 1139 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "32595279_6248_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Strongyloides stercoralis" ], "offsets": [ [ 43, 68 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "6248" } ] }, { "id": "32595279_MESH:D007239_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 69, 78 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "32595279_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Children" ], "offsets": [ [ 100, 108 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32595279_6248_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Strongyloides stercoralis" ], "offsets": [ [ 214, 239 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "6248" } ] }, { "id": "32595279_MESH:D007559_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ivermectin" ], "offsets": [ [ 420, 430 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007559" } ] }, { "id": "32595279_6248_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "S. stercoralis" ], "offsets": [ [ 439, 453 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "6248" } ] }, { "id": "32595279_MESH:D007239_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 454, 463 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "32595279_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 477, 485 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32595279_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 573, 581 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32595279_-_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "formol ether" ], "offsets": [ [ 598, 610 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "32595279_-_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Baermann" ], "offsets": [ [ 658, 666 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "32595279_MESH:D000362_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "agar" ], "offsets": [ [ 686, 690 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000362" } ] }, { "id": "32595279_6248_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "S. stercoralis" ], "offsets": [ [ 767, 781 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "6248" } ] }, { "id": "32595279_MESH:D007239_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infected" ], "offsets": [ [ 782, 790 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "32595279_6248_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "S. stercoralis" ], "offsets": [ [ 892, 906 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "6248" } ] }, { "id": "32595279_MESH:D007239_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infected" ], "offsets": [ [ 907, 915 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "32595279_MESH:D007559_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ivermectin" ], "offsets": [ [ 934, 944 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007559" } ] }, { "id": "32595279_MESH:D007559_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ivermectin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1065, 1075 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007559" } ] }, { "id": "32595279_MESH:D013322_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "strongyloidiasis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1122, 1138 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013322" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "13862843_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Diagnosis and treatment of bizarre head and facial pains." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 57 ] ] }, { "id": "13862843_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 58, 58 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "13862843_MESH:D005157_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "facial pains" ], "offsets": [ [ 44, 56 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005157" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "4833340_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Proton magnetic resonance study of complex formation between N6-methyladenosine and polyuridylic acid." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 102 ] ] }, { "id": "4833340_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 103, 103 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "4833340_MESH:C010223_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "N6-methyladenosine" ], "offsets": [ [ 61, 79 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C010223" } ] }, { "id": "4833340_MESH:D011072_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polyuridylic acid" ], "offsets": [ [ 84, 101 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011072" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "13869999_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The structure of the nonmotile hindlimb of the pouch young opossum." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 67 ] ] }, { "id": "13869999_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 68, 68 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "23461081_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Stem cells, aging and pulmonary vascular remodelling." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 53 ] ] }, { "id": "23461081_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 54, 54 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "23461081_MESH:D066253_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pulmonary vascular remodelling" ], "offsets": [ [ 22, 52 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D066253" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "9593520_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A comparison of the biochemical composition of equine follicular fluid and serum at four different stages of the follicular cycle." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 130 ] ] }, { "id": "9593520_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Samples of blood and follicular fluid were recovered from 27 Welsh Pony mares at 4 distinct stages of follicular development. Eighteen biochemical parameters were measured in each sample, including sodium, potassium, chloride, glucose, urea, creatinine, calcium, inorganic phosphate, total bilirubin, total protein, albumin, magnesium, triglyceride, total cholesterol, nonesterified fatty acids, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyltransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. The concentrations of progesterone, 17beta oestradiol and testosterone, pH and osmolarity, were also measured in all the follicular fluid samples. The concentrations of all proteins measured were lower in follicular fluid than serum whereas the reverse was true in the case of the lipids. Analysis of variance indicated that serum and follicular fluid concentrations of most of the parameters measured varied in parallel." ], "offsets": [ [ 131, 1028 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "9593520_9796_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "equine" ], "offsets": [ [ 47, 53 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9796" } ] }, { "id": "9593520_MESH:D012964_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sodium" ], "offsets": [ [ 329, 335 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012964" } ] }, { "id": "9593520_MESH:D011188_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "potassium" ], "offsets": [ [ 337, 346 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011188" } ] }, { "id": "9593520_MESH:D002712_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "chloride" ], "offsets": [ [ 348, 356 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002712" } ] }, { "id": "9593520_MESH:D005947_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "glucose" ], "offsets": [ [ 358, 365 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005947" } ] }, { "id": "9593520_MESH:D014508_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "urea" ], "offsets": [ [ 367, 371 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014508" } ] }, { "id": "9593520_MESH:D003404_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "creatinine" ], "offsets": [ [ 373, 383 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003404" } ] }, { "id": "9593520_MESH:D002118_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "calcium" ], "offsets": [ [ 385, 392 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002118" } ] }, { "id": "9593520_MESH:D010710_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "inorganic phosphate" ], "offsets": [ [ 394, 413 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010710" } ] }, { "id": "9593520_MESH:D001663_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "bilirubin" ], "offsets": [ [ 421, 430 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001663" } ] }, { "id": "9593520_100034206_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "albumin" ], "offsets": [ [ 447, 454 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "100034206" } ] }, { "id": "9593520_MESH:D008274_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "magnesium" ], "offsets": [ [ 456, 465 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008274" } ] }, { "id": "9593520_MESH:D014280_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "triglyceride" ], "offsets": [ [ 467, 479 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014280" } ] }, { "id": "9593520_MESH:D002784_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 487, 498 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "9593520_MESH:D005230_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nonesterified fatty acids" ], "offsets": [ [ 500, 525 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005230" } ] }, { "id": "9593520_MESH:D011374_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "progesterone" ], "offsets": [ [ 629, 641 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011374" } ] }, { "id": "9593520_MESH:D004958_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "17beta oestradiol" ], "offsets": [ [ 643, 660 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004958" } ] }, { "id": "9593520_MESH:D013739_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "testosterone" ], "offsets": [ [ 665, 677 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013739" } ] }, { "id": "9593520_MESH:D008055_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipids" ], "offsets": [ [ 888, 894 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6968316_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Role of coated vesicles, microfilaments, and calmodulin in receptor-mediated endocytosis by cultured B lymphoblastoid cells." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 124 ] ] }, { "id": "6968316_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Cell surface receptor IgM molecules of cultured human lymlphoblastoid cells (WiL2) patch and redistribute into a cap over the Golgi region of the cell after treatment with multivalent anti-IgM antibodies. During and after the redistribution, ligand-receptor clusters are endocytosed into coated pits and coated vesicles. Morphometric analysis of the distribution of ferritin-labeled ligand at EM resolution reveals the following sequence of events in the endocytosis of cell surface IgM: (a) binding of the multivalent ligand in a diffuse cell surface distribution, (b) clustering of the ligand-receptor complexes, (c) recruitment of clathrin coats to the cytoplasmic surface of the cell membrane opposite ligand-receptor clusters, (d) assembly and (e) internalization of coated vesicles, and (f) delivery of label into a large vesicular compartment, presumably partly lysosomal. Most of the labeled ligand enters this pathway. The recruitment of clathrin coats to the membrane opposite ligand-receptor clusters is sensitive to the calmodulin-directed drug Stelazine (trifluoperazine dihydrochloride). In addition, Stelazine inhibits an alternate pathway of endocytosis that does not involve coated vesicle formation. The actin-directed drug dihydrocytochalasin B has no effect on the recruitment of clathrin to the ligand-receptor clusters and the formation of coated pits and little effect on the alternate pathway, but this drug does interfere with subsequent coated vesicle formation and it inhibits capping. Cortical microfilaments that decorate with heavy meromyosin with constant polarity are observed in association with the coated regions of the plasma membrane and with coated vesicles. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis of a coated vesicle preparation isolated from WiL2 cells demonstrates that the major polypeptides in the fraction are a 175-kdalton component that comigrates with calf brain clathrin, a 42-kdalton component that comigrates with rabbit muscle actin and a 18.5-kdalton minor component that comigrates with calmodulin as well as 110-, 70-, 55-, 36-, 30-, and 17-kdalton components. These results clarify the pathways of endocytosis in this cell and suggest functional roles for calmodulin, especially in the formation of clathrin-coated pits, and for actin microfilaments in coated vesicle formation and in capping." ], "offsets": [ [ 125, 2482 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "6968316_801_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "calmodulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 45, 55 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "801" } ] }, { "id": "6968316_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 173, 178 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "6968316_CVCL_6544;NCBITaxID:9606_2", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "WiL2" ], "offsets": [ [ 202, 206 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL_6544;NCBITaxID:9606" } ] }, { "id": "6968316_MESH:D058456_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "coated pits" ], "offsets": [ [ 413, 424 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D058456" } ] }, { "id": "6968316_801_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "calmodulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1157, 1167 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "801" } ] }, { "id": "6968316_MESH:D014268_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Stelazine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1182, 1191 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014268" } ] }, { "id": "6968316_MESH:D014268_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "trifluoperazine dihydrochloride" ], "offsets": [ [ 1193, 1224 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014268" } ] }, { "id": "6968316_MESH:D014268_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Stelazine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1240, 1249 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014268" } ] }, { "id": "6968316_MESH:C024794_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dihydrocytochalasin B" ], "offsets": [ [ 1367, 1388 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C024794" } ] }, { "id": "6968316_MESH:D058456_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "coated pits" ], "offsets": [ [ 1487, 1498 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D058456" } ] }, { "id": "6968316_-_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "SDS-polyacrylamide" ], "offsets": [ [ 1822, 1840 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "6968316_CVCL_6544;NCBITaxID:9606_11", "type": "CellLine", "text": [ "WiL2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1916, 1920 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "cellosaurus", "db_id": "CVCL_6544;NCBITaxID:9606" } ] }, { "id": "6968316_9913_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "calf" ], "offsets": [ [ 2033, 2037 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9913" } ] }, { "id": "6968316_326597_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "calmodulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 2174, 2184 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "326597" } ] }, { "id": "6968316_326597_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "calmodulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 2345, 2355 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "326597" } ] }, { "id": "6968316_MESH:D058456_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "coated pits" ], "offsets": [ [ 2397, 2408 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D058456" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35720754_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Medical Student Patient Outreach to Ensure Continuity of Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 91 ] ] }, { "id": "35720754_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Background: In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Yale New Haven Health System began rescheduling nonurgent outpatient appointments as virtual visits in March 2020. While Yale New Haven Health expanded its telemedicine infrastructure to accommodate this shift, many appointments were delayed and patients faced considerable uncertainty. Objective: Medical students created the Medical Student Task Force (MSTF) to help ensure continuity of care by calling patients whose appointments were delayed during this transition to telemedicine. Methods: Eighty-five student volunteers called 3765 internal medicine patients with canceled appointments, completing screening for 2197 patients. Volunteers screened for health care needs, assessed preferences for future appointments, and offered emotional support and information about COVID-19. Urgent or emergent patient concerns were triaged and escalated to providers. In this analysis, we used a mixed-methods approach: call information and provider responses were analyzed quantitatively, and patient feedback was analyzed qualitatively via thematic analysis. Results: Ninety-one percent of patients screened found the MSTF calls helpful. Twenty-one percent of patients reported health concerns, with 1% reporting urgent concerns escalated to and addressed by providers. Themes of patient comments included gratitude for outreach and social contact, utility of calls, and well-wishes for health care workers. Conclusions: By calling patients whose appointments had been canceled during a rapid transition to telemedicine, the MSTF helped bridge a potential gap in care by offering patients communication with their care teams, information, and support. We propose that this model could be used in other care systems urgently transitioning to outpatient telemedicine, whether during ongoing outbreaks of COVID-19 or other public health emergencies." ], "offsets": [ [ 92, 1988 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "35720754_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 16, 23 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35720754_MESH:C000657245_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COVID-19" ], "offsets": [ [ 73, 81 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] }, { "id": "35720754_MESH:C000657245_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COVID-19" ], "offsets": [ [ 123, 131 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] }, { "id": "35720754_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "outpatient" ], "offsets": [ [ 204, 214 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35720754_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 392, 400 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35720754_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 552, 560 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35720754_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 703, 711 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35720754_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 770, 778 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35720754_MESH:C000657245_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COVID-19" ], "offsets": [ [ 921, 929 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] }, { "id": "35720754_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 950, 957 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35720754_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1134, 1141 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35720754_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1232, 1240 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35720754_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1302, 1310 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35720754_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1422, 1429 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35720754_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1574, 1582 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35720754_9606_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1722, 1730 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35720754_9606_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "outpatient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1883, 1893 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35720754_MESH:C000657245_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "COVID-19" ], "offsets": [ [ 1944, 1952 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000657245" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35966875_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "A randomized triple-blind controlled clinical trial evaluation of sitagliptin in the treatment of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases without diabetes." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 164 ] ] }, { "id": "35966875_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The current study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of sitagliptin vs. placebo in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In a triple-blind randomized clinical trial, we assigned 120 eligible subjects with NAFLD to receive daily dosing of 50 mg sitagliptin (n = 60) or the placebo (n = 60) for 56 weeks and lifestyle modification in both groups. Laboratory and anthropometric outcomes were measured, and liver stiffness was assessed using a fibroscan. The primary outcome measures were changes from baseline in fibrosis scores and liver transferases. Out of 120 patients randomized into sitagliptin and placebo groups, 76 patients completed the trial, of whom 44 were in the sitagliptin and 32 in the placebo groups. Patients receiving sitagliptin showed a significant decrease in the fibrosis scores (P = 0.001). The reductions in the alanine aminotransferase (AST) (P = 0.036) and aspartate AST (P < 0.001) levels were also statistically significant. The effect of sitagliptin in reducing fibrosis scores was significantly greater in normal-weight and overweight individuals than in obese individuals (p = 0.036, and p = 0.018, respectively), whereas the effects of sitagliptin on AST levels were greater among overweight/obese patients (p = 0.028, and p = 0.016, respectively). Sitagliptin reduced fibrosis scores and liver enzymes in NAFLD patients after 56 weeks of therapy. The changes in fibrosis scores were more prominent in patients with normal weight and overweight than obese patients, whereas the effects on AST levels were greater among overweight/obese patients. Other randomized trials with larger sample sizes and longer treatment durations may be required before precise results can be reached. Clinical Trial Registration: [https://www.irct.ir/trial/46140], identifier [IRCT20140430017505N2]." ], "offsets": [ [ 165, 1985 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "35966875_MESH:D000068900_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sitagliptin" ], "offsets": [ [ 66, 77 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000068900" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 98, 106 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D005234_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fatty liver diseases" ], "offsets": [ [ 126, 146 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005234" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D003920_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diabetes" ], "offsets": [ [ 155, 163 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003920" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D000068900_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sitagliptin" ], "offsets": [ [ 217, 228 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000068900" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D005234_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "alcoholic fatty liver disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 257, 286 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005234" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D065626_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "NAFLD" ], "offsets": [ [ 288, 293 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D065626" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D065626_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "NAFLD" ], "offsets": [ [ 380, 385 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D065626" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D000068900_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sitagliptin" ], "offsets": [ [ 419, 430 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000068900" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D017093_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "liver stiffness" ], "offsets": [ [ 578, 593 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017093" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D005355_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fibrosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 685, 693 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005355" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 736, 744 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D000068900_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sitagliptin" ], "offsets": [ [ 761, 772 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000068900" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 796, 804 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D000068900_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sitagliptin" ], "offsets": [ [ 849, 860 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000068900" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_9606_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 891, 899 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D000068900_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sitagliptin" ], "offsets": [ [ 910, 921 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000068900" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D005355_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fibrosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 959, 967 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005355" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_2875_18", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "alanine aminotransferase" ], "offsets": [ [ 1010, 1034 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2875" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_26503_19", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "AST" ], "offsets": [ [ 1036, 1039 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "26503" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D001224_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "aspartate" ], "offsets": [ [ 1057, 1066 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001224" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_26503_21", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "AST" ], "offsets": [ [ 1067, 1070 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "26503" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D000068900_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sitagliptin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1141, 1152 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000068900" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D005355_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fibrosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1165, 1173 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005355" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D009765_24", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "obese" ], "offsets": [ [ 1259, 1264 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009765" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D000068900_25", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sitagliptin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1342, 1353 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000068900" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_26503_26", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "AST" ], "offsets": [ [ 1357, 1360 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "26503" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D009765_27", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "obese" ], "offsets": [ [ 1398, 1403 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009765" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_9606_28", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1404, 1412 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D000068900_29", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Sitagliptin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1455, 1466 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000068900" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D005355_30", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fibrosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1475, 1483 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005355" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D065626_31", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "NAFLD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1512, 1517 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D065626" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_9606_32", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1518, 1526 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D005355_33", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "fibrosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 1569, 1577 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D005355" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_9606_34", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1608, 1616 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D009765_35", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "obese" ], "offsets": [ [ 1656, 1661 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009765" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_9606_36", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1662, 1670 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_26503_37", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "AST" ], "offsets": [ [ 1695, 1698 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "26503" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_MESH:D009765_38", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "obese" ], "offsets": [ [ 1736, 1741 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009765" } ] }, { "id": "35966875_9606_39", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1742, 1750 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3539574_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Renal failure and pulmonary manifestations--a clinico-pathological conference]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 80 ] ] }, { "id": "3539574_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 81, 81 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3539574_MESH:D051437_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Renal failure" ], "offsets": [ [ 1, 14 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051437" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6290931_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Origin and properties of spinal cord field potentials." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 54 ] ] }, { "id": "6290931_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Electrical or natural stimulation of cutaneous, muscle, or visceral nerves evokes a field potential in the spinal cord; the field potential elicited by each type of afferent fiber differs in wave form. Cutaneous nerve-evoked spinal cord field potentials consist of a triphasic spike, one to three negative waves, and a slow positive wave. Muscle nerve-evoked spinal cord field potentials are composed of a triphasic spike, a slow positive wave, and one to three negative waves with different relative latencies and durations than the negative waves evoked by cutaneous nerves. Visceral nerve-evoked potentials in the spinal cord comprise only a single negative wave and a slow positive wave. The triphasic spike is a compound action potential propagating through the large primary afferent fibers; the negative waves are generated by dorsal horn interneurons; the positive wave is a reflection of primary afferent depolarization. A knowledge of the origin and properties of spinal cord field potentials has practical usefulness for both the experimental neurophysiologist and the clinician." ], "offsets": [ [ 55, 1145 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "23682095_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Bone quality, as measured by trabecular bone score, in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 97 ] ] }, { "id": "23682095_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: In primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), vertebral fractures (VFx) occur regardless of bone mineral density (BMD) and may depend on decreased bone quality. Trabecular bone score (TBS) is a texture measurement acquired during a spinal dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Recently, TBS has been proposed as an index of bone micro-architecture. DESIGN: We studied 92 PHPT patients (74 females, age 62.1+-9.7 years) and 98 control subjects. In all patients at baseline, in 20 surgically treated patients and in 10 conservatively treated patients after 24 months, TBS, spinal (lumbar spine (LS)) and femoral (total hip (TH) and femoral neck (FN)) BMD were assessed by DXA and VFx by spinal radiograph. RESULTS: PHPT patients had lower TBS (-2.39+-1.8) and higher VFx prevalence (43.5%) than controls (-0.98+-1.07 and 8.2% respectively, both P<0.0001). TBS was associated with VFx (odds ratio 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.9, P=0.02), regardless of LS-BMD, age, BMI and gender, and showed a better compromise between sensitivity (75%) and specificity (61.5%) for detecting VFx than LS-BMD, TH-BMD and FN-BMD (31 and 75%, 72 and 44.2%, and 64 and 65% respectively). In surgically treated patients, TBS, LS-BMD, TH-BMD and FN-BMD increased (+47+-44.8,+29.2+-34.1,+49.4+-48.7 and +30.2+-39.3% respectively, all P<0.0001). Among patients treated conservatively, TBS decreased significantly in those (n=3) with incident VFx (-1.3+-0.3) compared with those without (-0.01+-0.9, P=0.048), while BMD changes were not statistically different (LS 0.3+-1.2 vs -0.8+-0.9 respectively, P=0.19; TH 0.4+-0.8 vs -0.8+-1.4 respectively, P=0.13 and FN 0.4+-0.9 vs -0.8+-1.4 respectively, P=0.14). CONCLUSIONS: In PHPT, bone quality, as measured by TBS, is reduced and associated with VFx and improves after surgery." ], "offsets": [ [ 98, 1890 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "23682095_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 55, 63 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23682095_MESH:D049950_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "primary hyperparathyroidism" ], "offsets": [ [ 69, 96 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D049950" } ] }, { "id": "23682095_MESH:D006961_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hyperparathyroidism" ], "offsets": [ [ 120, 139 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006961" } ] }, { "id": "23682095_MESH:D049950_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PHPT" ], "offsets": [ [ 141, 145 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D049950" } ] }, { "id": "23682095_MESH:D050723_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "vertebral fractures" ], "offsets": [ [ 148, 167 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D050723" } ] }, { "id": "23682095_-_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TBS" ], "offsets": [ [ 391, 394 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23682095_MESH:D049950_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PHPT" ], "offsets": [ [ 475, 479 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D049950" } ] }, { "id": "23682095_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 480, 488 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23682095_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 555, 563 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23682095_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 602, 610 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23682095_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 644, 652 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23682095_MESH:D049950_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PHPT" ], "offsets": [ [ 817, 821 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D049950" } ] }, { "id": "23682095_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 822, 830 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23682095_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1280, 1288 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23682095_-_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TBS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1290, 1293 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "23682095_9606_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1418, 1426 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "23682095_MESH:D049950_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PHPT" ], "offsets": [ [ 1788, 1792 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D049950" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "1983792_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Function of the apetala-1 gene during Arabidopsis floral development." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 69 ] ] }, { "id": "1983792_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "We have characterized the floral phenotypes produced by the recessive homeotic apetala 1-1 (ap1-1) mutation in Arabidopsis. Plants homozygous for this mutation display a homeotic conversion of sepsis into brachts and the concomitant formation of floral buds in the axil of each transformed sepal. In addition, these flowers lack petals. We show that the loss of petal phenotype is due to the failure of petal primordia to be initiated. We have also constructed double mutant combinations with ap1 and other mutations affecting floral development. Based on these results, we suggest that the AP1 and the apetala 2 (AP2) genes may encode similar functions that are required to define the pattern of where floral organs arise, as well as for determinate development of the floral meristem. We propose that the AP1 and AP2 gene products act in concert with the product of the agamous (AG) locus to establish a determinate floral meristem, whereas other homeotic gene products are required for cells to differentiate correctly according to their position. These results extend the proposed role of the homeotic genes in floral development and suggest new models for the establishment of floral pattern." ], "offsets": [ [ 70, 1267 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "1983792_843244_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "apetala-1" ], "offsets": [ [ 16, 25 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "843244" } ] }, { "id": "1983792_3702_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Arabidopsis" ], "offsets": [ [ 38, 49 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3702" } ] }, { "id": "1983792_843244_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "apetala 1-1" ], "offsets": [ [ 149, 160 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "843244" } ] }, { "id": "1983792_843244_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "ap1-1" ], "offsets": [ [ 162, 167 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "843244" } ] }, { "id": "1983792_3702_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Arabidopsis" ], "offsets": [ [ 181, 192 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "3702" } ] }, { "id": "1983792_MESH:D018805_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sepsis" ], "offsets": [ [ 263, 269 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D018805" } ] }, { "id": "1983792_843244_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "ap1" ], "offsets": [ [ 563, 566 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "843244" } ] }, { "id": "1983792_843244_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "AP1" ], "offsets": [ [ 661, 664 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "843244" } ] }, { "id": "1983792_829845_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "AP2" ], "offsets": [ [ 684, 687 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "829845" } ] }, { "id": "1983792_843244_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "AP1" ], "offsets": [ [ 877, 880 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "843244" } ] }, { "id": "1983792_829845_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "AP2" ], "offsets": [ [ 885, 888 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "829845" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6413644_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Identification key for coryneform bacteria derived by numerical taxonomic studies." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 82 ] ] }, { "id": "6413644_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Six main groups were formed from a complete linkage dendrogram on 557 bacteria tested for 53 physiological features. The organisms were obtained from culture collections and included representatives of the following genera: Arthrobacter, Brevibacterium, Caseobacter, Cellulomonas, Corynebacterium, Curtobacterium, Micrococcus, Microbacterium, Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Oerskovia and Rhodococcus. The six groups were individually subjected to a numerical taxonomic analysis based on linkage maps, which resulted in a total of 33 subclusters. An identification key to determine the affiliation of the bacteria to the six main clusters and five group-specific schemes is presented. Reference strains are proposed for the 33 subclusters." ], "offsets": [ [ 83, 815 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "6413644_1653_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "coryneform bacteria" ], "offsets": [ [ 23, 42 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1653" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "6432749_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Human whole-blood oxygen affinity: effect of carbon monoxide." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 61 ] ] }, { "id": "6432749_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Oxygen dissociation curves (ODC) were recorded in the presence of carboxyhemoglobin fractions (FHbCO) up to 60%. The gradual shift to the left of the ODC at increasing amounts of HbCO was reflected in a gradual fall in the half-saturation pressure of the remaining Hb and was accompanied by a gradual change in the shape of the ODC to a hyperbolic one. The H+ factor (delta log PO2/delta pH) was determined over the entire oxygen saturation (SO2) range at three different FHbCO levels (14, 30, and 52%). At FHbCO = 14 and 30% and for the SO2 range 20-90%, the H+ factor vs. SO2 curve was not significantly different from that in the absence of HbCO. At FHbCO = 52%, however, the value found for the H+ factor (-0.55) was appreciably more negative than in the case of blood containing less than 1% HbCO (-0.44), and there was no dependence on SO2. Comparison of measured and calculated ODCs at varying HbCO fractions showed, for FHbCO less than or equal to 50%, that measured and calculated ODCs coincide over the greater part of the SO2 range. For FHbCO greater than 50%, the measured ODC was situated to the left of the calculated one over the entire SO2 range. We conclude that the heme-heme interaction for CO is appreciably larger than for O2 only for FHbCO greater than 50%, whereas for FHbCO less than 50% there is virtually no difference." ], "offsets": [ [ 62, 1407 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "6432749_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Human" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 5 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "6432749_MESH:D010100_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 18, 24 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "6432749_MESH:D002248_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "carbon monoxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 45, 60 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002248" } ] }, { "id": "6432749_MESH:D010100_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 62, 68 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "6432749_3001_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "H+ factor" ], "offsets": [ [ 419, 428 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3001" } ] }, { "id": "6432749_MESH:C093415_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "PO2" ], "offsets": [ [ 440, 443 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C093415" } ] }, { "id": "6432749_MESH:D010100_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "oxygen" ], "offsets": [ [ 485, 491 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] }, { "id": "6432749_3001_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "H+ factor" ], "offsets": [ [ 622, 631 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3001" } ] }, { "id": "6432749_3001_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "H+ factor" ], "offsets": [ [ 761, 770 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3001" } ] }, { "id": "6432749_MESH:D006418_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "heme" ], "offsets": [ [ 1246, 1250 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006418" } ] }, { "id": "6432749_MESH:D006418_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "heme" ], "offsets": [ [ 1251, 1255 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006418" } ] }, { "id": "6432749_MESH:D010100_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "O2" ], "offsets": [ [ 1306, 1308 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010100" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "23577565_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging of the pharynx during deglutition." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 69 ] ] }, { "id": "23577565_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVES: We utilized dynamic magnetic resonance imaging to visualize the pharynx and upper esophageal segment in normal, healthy subjects. METHODS: A 3-T scanner with a 4-channel head coil and a dual-channel neck coil was used to obtain high-speed magnetic resonance images of subjects who were swallowing liquids and pudding. Ninety sequential images were acquired with a temporal resolution of 113 ms. Imaging was performed in axial planes at the levels of the oropharynx and the pharyngoesophageal segment. The images were then analyzed for variables related to alterations in the area of the pharynx and pharyngoesophageal segment during swallowing, as well as temporal measures related to these structures. RESULTS: All subjects tolerated the study protocol without complaint. Changes in the area of the pharyngeal wall lumen and temporal measurements were consistent within and between subjects. The inter-rater and intra-rater reliabilities for the measurement tool were excellent. CONCLUSIONS: Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging of the swallow sequence is both feasible and reliable and may eventually complement currently used diagnostic methods, as it adds substantive information." ], "offsets": [ [ 70, 1264 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "23577565_tmVar:c|SUB|A|3|T;HGVS:c.3A>T;VariantGroup:0_0", "type": "DNAMutation", "text": [ "A 3-T" ], "offsets": [ [ 221, 226 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "tmVar", "db_id": "tmVar:c|SUB|A|3|T;HGVS:c.3A>T;VariantGroup:0" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "5477404_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Urinary elimination of gonadotropins in children from 6 to 13 years of age]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 77 ] ] }, { "id": "5477404_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 78, 78 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "5477404_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 41, 49 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35252152_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Editorial: Recent Advances in Biocatalysis: Focusing on Applications of These Processes." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 88 ] ] }, { "id": "35252152_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 89, 89 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "28838993_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Prognostic discrimination based on the EUTOS long-term survival score within the International Registry for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in children and adolescents." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 161 ] ] }, { "id": "28838993_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The EUTOS Long-Term Survival score was tested in 350 children with chronic myeloid leukemia in first chronic phase treated with imatinib and registered in the International Registry for Childhood Chronic Myeloid Leukemia. With a median follow up of 3 years (range, 1 month to 6 years) progression and/or death (whichever came first) occurred in 23 patients. For the entire cohort of patients the 5-year progression-free survival rate was 92% (95% CI: 87%-94%) and the 5-year survival accounting for chronic myeloid leukemia deaths was 97% (95% CI: 94%-99%). Of the 309 patients allocated to low (n=199), intermediate (n=68) and high (n=42) risk groups by the EUTOS Long-Term Survival score, events (progression and/or death) occurred in 6.0%, 8.8% and 26.2%, respectively. Estimates of the 5-year progression-free survival rates according to these three risk groups were 96% (95% CI: 92%-98%), 88% (95% CI: 76%-95%) and 67% (95% CI: 48%-81%), respectively. Differences in progression-free survival according to these risk groups were highly significant (P<0.0001, overall). The EUTOS Long-Term Survival score showed better differentiation of progression-free survival than the Sokal (<45 years), Euro and EUTOS scores in children and adolescents with chronic myeloid leukemia and should be considered in therapeutic algorithms. (Trial registered at: www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT01281735)." ], "offsets": [ [ 162, 1548 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "28838993_MESH:D015464_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Chronic Myeloid Leukemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 108, 132 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015464" } ] }, { "id": "28838993_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 136, 144 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "28838993_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 215, 223 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "28838993_MESH:D015464_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "chronic myeloid leukemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 229, 253 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015464" } ] }, { "id": "28838993_MESH:D000068877_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "imatinib" ], "offsets": [ [ 290, 298 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000068877" } ] }, { "id": "28838993_MESH:D015464_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Chronic Myeloid Leukemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 358, 382 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015464" } ] }, { "id": "28838993_MESH:D003643_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "death" ], "offsets": [ [ 466, 471 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "28838993_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 510, 518 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "28838993_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 545, 553 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "28838993_MESH:D015464_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "chronic myeloid leukemia deaths" ], "offsets": [ [ 661, 692 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015464" } ] }, { "id": "28838993_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 731, 739 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "28838993_MESH:D003643_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "death" ], "offsets": [ [ 880, 885 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "28838993_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 1383, 1391 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "28838993_MESH:D015464_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "chronic myeloid leukemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 1413, 1437 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015464" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "32104120_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The Influence of 24-hr Sleep Deprivation on Psychomotor Vigilance in Young Women and Men." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 89 ] ] }, { "id": "32104120_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Background: The number of studies on gender differences in psychomotor performance and sleepiness is small and the results are contradictory. The aim of this study was to assess the changes in psychomotor performance, due to 24 h of sleep deprivation in young women and men. Participants: Eighty-nine students (49 women and 40 men) took part in the study. Participants were randomized into two groups: experimental (sleep deprived) and control (non-sleep deprived). Methods: The research was carried out using computer-based tests of the Vienna Test System (COG, DT, WAFF) and pupillography (F2D Fit-For-Duty). Results: There were no statistically significant effects of the main genders and groups on sleepiness measured by the pupillography. There was no deterioration in the results after deprivation among women and men in the COG test. Changes were noted in the DT and WAFF tests, and their size depended on the test. The number of false responses in psychomotor test was higher in women after sleep deprivation. Conclusion: One night of sleep deprivation may not have been a negative enough stimulus for young, healthy women and men to reveal gender differences in psychomotor tests. Low sleep levels can lead to low productivity at work and accidents due to reduced vigilance. Insufficient sleep in the long term can lead to poor health, resulting in hypertension, obesity and depression." ], "offsets": [ [ 90, 1485 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "32104120_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Women" ], "offsets": [ [ 75, 80 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Men" ], "offsets": [ [ 85, 88 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_MESH:D011596_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "psychomotor" ], "offsets": [ [ 149, 160 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011596" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_MESH:D000077260_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sleepiness" ], "offsets": [ [ 177, 187 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077260" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_MESH:D011596_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "psychomotor" ], "offsets": [ [ 283, 294 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011596" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_MESH:D012892_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sleep deprivation" ], "offsets": [ [ 323, 340 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012892" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 350, 355 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "men" ], "offsets": [ [ 360, 363 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 365, 377 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 404, 409 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "men" ], "offsets": [ [ 417, 420 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 446, 458 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_MESH:D000077260_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sleepiness" ], "offsets": [ [ 792, 802 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077260" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 900, 905 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "men" ], "offsets": [ [ 910, 913 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_MESH:D013936_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DT" ], "offsets": [ [ 957, 959 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013936" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_MESH:D011596_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "psychomotor" ], "offsets": [ [ 1046, 1057 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011596" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_9606_17", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1077, 1082 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_MESH:D012892_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sleep deprivation" ], "offsets": [ [ 1089, 1106 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012892" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_MESH:D012892_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "sleep deprivation" ], "offsets": [ [ 1133, 1150 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012892" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_9606_20", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1215, 1220 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_9606_21", "type": "Species", "text": [ "men" ], "offsets": [ [ 1225, 1228 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_MESH:D011596_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "psychomotor" ], "offsets": [ [ 1261, 1272 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011596" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_MESH:D006973_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hypertension" ], "offsets": [ [ 1448, 1460 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006973" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_MESH:D009765_24", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "obesity" ], "offsets": [ [ 1462, 1469 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009765" } ] }, { "id": "32104120_MESH:D000275_25", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "depression" ], "offsets": [ [ 1474, 1484 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000275" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31422342_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Dynamics and environmental importance of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria in urban river networks." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 113 ] ] }, { "id": "31422342_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is recognized as an important bioprocess for nitrogen removal, yet little is known about the associated microbial communities in urban river networks which are intensively disturbed by human activity. In the present study, we investigated the community composition and abundance of anammox bacteria in the urban river network of Shanghai, and explored their potential correlations with nitrogen removal activities and the environmental parameters. High biodiversity of anammox bacteria was detected in the sediment of urban river networks, including Candidatus Brocadia, Scalindua, Jettenia, and Kuenenia. Anammox bacterial abundance ranged from 3.7 x 106 to 3.9 x 107 copies g-1 dry sediment based on 16S rRNA gene, which was strongly correlated to the metabolic activity of anammox bacteria (P < 0.01). A strong linkage between anammox bacteria and denitrifiers was detected (P < 0.05), implying a potential metabolic interdependence between these two nitrogen-removing microbes was existed in urban river networks. Sediment ammonium (NH4+) made a significant contribution to the anammox bacterial community-environment relationship, while anammox bacterial abundance related significantly with sediment total organic carbon (TOC) and silt contents (P < 0.05). However, no statistically significant correlation was observed between cell-specific anammox rate and the measured environmental factors (P > 0.05). In general, the community composition and abundance of anammox bacteria in different hierarchies of the river network was homogeneous, without significant spatial variations (P > 0.05). These results provided an opportunity to further understand the microbial mechanism of nitrogen removal bioprocesses in urban river networks." ], "offsets": [ [ 114, 1892 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31422342_MESH:D064751_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ammonium" ], "offsets": [ [ 51, 59 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064751" } ] }, { "id": "31422342_MESH:D064751_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ammonium" ], "offsets": [ [ 124, 132 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064751" } ] }, { "id": "31422342_MESH:D009584_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nitrogen" ], "offsets": [ [ 198, 206 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009584" } ] }, { "id": "31422342_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 338, 343 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "31422342_MESH:D009584_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nitrogen" ], "offsets": [ [ 539, 547 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009584" } ] }, { "id": "31422342_MESH:D009584_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nitrogen" ], "offsets": [ [ 1107, 1115 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009584" } ] }, { "id": "31422342_MESH:D064751_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ammonium" ], "offsets": [ [ 1180, 1188 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064751" } ] }, { "id": "31422342_-_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "NH4+" ], "offsets": [ [ 1190, 1194 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "31422342_-_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "organic carbon" ], "offsets": [ [ 1365, 1379 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "31422342_MESH:D009584_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nitrogen" ], "offsets": [ [ 1838, 1846 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009584" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "13964732_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "History of medicine." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 20 ] ] }, { "id": "13964732_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 21, 21 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "25570139_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Canonical cerebellar graph wavelets and their application to FMRI activation mapping." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 85 ] ] }, { "id": "25570139_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Wavelet-based statistical parametric mapping (WSPM) is an extension of the classical approach in fMRI activation mapping that combines wavelet processing with voxel-wise statistical testing. We recently showed how WSPM, using graph wavelets tailored to the full gray-matter (GM) structure of each individual's brain, can improve brain activity detection compared to using the classical wavelets that are only suited for the Euclidian grid. However, in order to perform analysis on a subject-invariant graph, canonical graph wavelets should be designed in normalized brain space. We here introduce an approach to define a fixed template graph of the cerebellum, an essential component of the brain, using the SUIT cerebellar template. We construct a corresponding set of canonical cerebellar graph wavelets, and adopt them in the analysis of both synthetic and real data. Compared to classical SPM, WSPM using cerebellar graph wavelets shows superior type-I error control, an empirical higher sensitivity on real data, as well as the potential to capture subtle patterns of cerebellar activity." ], "offsets": [ [ 86, 1179 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "8996072_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Postpartum avulsion of the terminal ileal wall in Crohn's disease." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 66 ] ] }, { "id": "8996072_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "A case of acute perforation of the terminal ileum induced by avulsion of the bowel wall in a segment of acutely inflamed Crohn's disease is presented. This case is unusual in that the avulsion developed after delivery following the rapid retraction of the uterus which had been compressing a small localized perforation and abscess. A review of the literature has failed to demonstrate a similar case report." ], "offsets": [ [ 67, 475 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "8996072_MESH:D014084_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "avulsion" ], "offsets": [ [ 11, 19 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014084" } ] }, { "id": "8996072_MESH:D003424_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Crohn's disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 50, 65 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003424" } ] }, { "id": "8996072_MESH:D015212_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "avulsion of the bowel" ], "offsets": [ [ 128, 149 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015212" } ] }, { "id": "8996072_MESH:D003424_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Crohn's disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 188, 203 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003424" } ] }, { "id": "8996072_MESH:D014084_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "avulsion" ], "offsets": [ [ 251, 259 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014084" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35006590_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Mental Health Service Utilization Among Medical Students with a Perceived Need for Care." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 88 ] ] }, { "id": "35006590_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: The authors investigated levels of perceived need for help, patterns of mental health service utilization, and barriers to care among US medical students with a focus on students who perceived a need for help but did not report service use in the past 12 months. METHODS: The authors administered an online survey to 2,868 medical students at three schools in Ohio between January and February 2020 including validated scales for psychological distress, self-stigma, and an exploration of mental health treatment. The authors used multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with treatment and qualitative analysis to identify common barriers to care. RESULTS: Twenty-eight percent (N = 800) of 2,868 students responded to the survey. Fifty-six percent (n = 439) of students reported a perceived need for help, while 34.6% of these respondents (n = 152) did not receive treatment. Among those with perceived need who completed the survey (n = 388), Asian students compared to non-Hispanic white students (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.25-0.82) and those with higher self-stigma (aOR = 0.90, 95% CI 0.87-0.94) had lower odds of service use. Students told by others to seek help (aOR = 2.82, 95% CI 1.71-4.64) were the only group with higher odds of service use. The most common barriers to care were lack of time, difficulty accessing services, and stigma. CONCLUSIONS: Despite a perceived need for help, many students do not seek care and experience treatment barriers. Schools can encourage help-seeking by identifying students in need, using targeted messaging, fostering a low-stigma environment, and removing barriers." ], "offsets": [ [ 89, 1778 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "13261528_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[The early diagnosis of rectal cancers]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 40 ] ] }, { "id": "13261528_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 41, 41 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "13261528_MESH:D012004_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "rectal cancers" ], "offsets": [ [ 24, 38 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012004" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "32595280_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Effect of Tree Nuts Consumption on Serum Lipid Profile in Hyperlipidemic Individuals: A Systematic Review." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 106 ] ] }, { "id": "32595280_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Many epidemiological studies have regularly connected nuts intake with decreased risk for coronary heart disease. The primary mechanism by which nuts protect against cardiovascular disease is through the improvement of lipid and apolipoprotein profile. Therefore, numerous dietary intervention studies investigated the impact of nut consumption on blood lipid levels. Many studies have shown that nut intake can enhance the lipid profile in a dose-response way among individuals with increased serum lipids. This systematic review examines the effectiveness of nuts on the lipid profile among patients with dyslipidemia from different age groups. A total of 29 interventional studies from 5 databases met the inclusion criteria. In all, 20 studies were randomized controlled clinical trials, whereas 9 were crossover-controlled clinical trials. Participants included in the studies were different in terms of age, sex and, serum lipid profile. The studies were inconsistent in the type of tree nuts, duration, dose, and the nut forms. All studies indicated changes in the lipid profile after the intervention particularly on the total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein. Interventional periods ranged from 3 weeks up to 12 months with doses ranged from 15 to 126 gm. In conclusion, this review provides an evidence of favorable effect of nuts consumption of serum lipid profile." ], "offsets": [ [ 107, 1572 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "32595280_MESH:D008055_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Lipid" ], "offsets": [ [ 41, 46 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] }, { "id": "32595280_MESH:D003324_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "coronary heart disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 197, 219 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003324" } ] }, { "id": "32595280_MESH:D002318_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cardiovascular disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 273, 295 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002318" } ] }, { "id": "32595280_256646_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "nut" ], "offsets": [ [ 436, 439 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "256646" } ] }, { "id": "32595280_MESH:D008055_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipid" ], "offsets": [ [ 461, 466 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] }, { "id": "32595280_256646_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "nut" ], "offsets": [ [ 504, 507 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "256646" } ] }, { "id": "32595280_MESH:D008055_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipid" ], "offsets": [ [ 531, 536 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] }, { "id": "32595280_MESH:D008055_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipids" ], "offsets": [ [ 607, 613 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] }, { "id": "32595280_MESH:D008055_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipid" ], "offsets": [ [ 680, 685 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] }, { "id": "32595280_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 700, 708 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32595280_MESH:D050171_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dyslipidemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 714, 726 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D050171" } ] }, { "id": "32595280_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 952, 964 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "32595280_MESH:D008055_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipid" ], "offsets": [ [ 1036, 1041 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] }, { "id": "32595280_256646_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "nut" ], "offsets": [ [ 1131, 1134 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "256646" } ] }, { "id": "32595280_MESH:D008055_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipid" ], "offsets": [ [ 1179, 1184 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] }, { "id": "32595280_MESH:D002784_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1242, 1253 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "32595280_MESH:D014280_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "triglycerides" ], "offsets": [ [ 1306, 1319 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014280" } ] }, { "id": "32595280_MESH:D002784_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cholesterol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1327, 1338 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002784" } ] }, { "id": "32595280_MESH:D008055_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lipid" ], "offsets": [ [ 1558, 1563 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008055" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "14568695_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Integrated risk analysis for acute and chronic exposure to toxic chemicals." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 75 ] ] }, { "id": "14568695_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The traditional practice to assess and evaluate different types of risk in isolation to each other are liable to give erroneous results. Integrated risk assessment is an answer to overcome this problem. This paper presents the cumulative or integrated assessment of acute risk posed by accidental release of hazardous chemical (e.g. chlorine) and chronic risk induced by toxic chemicals (e.g. cadmium, chromium and nickel) present in the ambient environment. The present study has been carried out in a most simplified way to demonstrate and appreciate the broader context of integrated risk analysis (IRA). It has been observed that the inclusion of background risk factors (BRF) in individual risk factors (IRF) related to an industry may significantly alter the siting and planning strategies of that industry." ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 889 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "14568695_MESH:D002713_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "chlorine" ], "offsets": [ [ 409, 417 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002713" } ] }, { "id": "14568695_MESH:D002104_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cadmium" ], "offsets": [ [ 469, 476 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002104" } ] }, { "id": "14568695_MESH:D002857_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "chromium" ], "offsets": [ [ 478, 486 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002857" } ] }, { "id": "14568695_MESH:D009532_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nickel" ], "offsets": [ [ 491, 497 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009532" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "5959708_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Change in several calvariofacial distances and angles during the decade of childhood following age 5 years." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 107 ] ] }, { "id": "5959708_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 108, 108 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "17663166_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Inhibitory receptors of lymphocytes and their role in antitumor immunity]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 75 ] ] }, { "id": "17663166_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 76, 76 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "2212641_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Microbiological diagnosis of suppurative-inflammatory processes of the E. N. T. organs and the maxillo-mandibulo-facial region under suspicion of anaerobic non-clostridial infection." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 182 ] ] }, { "id": "2212641_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The etiological role of non-sporulating anaerobic bacteria as causative agents of suppurative-inflammatory diseases (SID) of the maxillo-mandibulo-facial region and the E. N. T. organs as studied. Express diagnosis of anaerobic infection was carried out by means of gas-liquid chromatography. The species-specific composition of the microflora of the suppurative focus was investigated. It was established that only obligate anaerobes in monoculture or in association were isolated from patients with so-called \"sterile\" inoculations when strictly anaerobic bacteriological technique was used. The use of anaerobic bacteriological technique of investigation enlarged the spectrum of the microflora isolated from the suppurative focus from 5 to 26 species. Results of chromatographic and bacteriological examinations were compared; the main causes of obtaining false-positive and false-negative results of chromatography were analysed. Statistical processing using factor analysis has shown that the information power of chromatographic examination of the metabolites of anaerobic bacteria is higher in comparison with the main clinical-laboratory indices, but statistical processing using cluster analysis and correlation analysis has revealed that an index like metabolic activity reflects the degree of real participation of anaerobic microflora in the development of the pathological process, and can be used in the clinic for the evaluation of the degree of severity of the course of the SID and of the effectiveness of treatment." ], "offsets": [ [ 183, 1717 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "2212641_MESH:D007239_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 172, 181 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "2212641_MESH:D007239_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 411, 420 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] }, { "id": "2212641_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 670, 678 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "33633411_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Controlling pore structure and conductivity in graphene nanosheet films through partial thermal exfoliation." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 108 ] ] }, { "id": "33633411_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Thermal exfoliation is an efficient and scalable method for the production of graphene nanosheets or nanoplatelets, which are typically re-assembled or blended to form new macroscopic \"graphene-based materials\". Thermal exfoliation can be applied to these macroscopic graphene-based materials after casting to create internal porosity, but this process variant has not been widely studied, and can easily lead to destruction of the physical form of the original cast body. Here we explore how the partial thermal exfoliation of graphene oxide (GO) multilayer nanosheet films can be used to control pore structure and electrical conductivity of planar, textured, and confined GO films. The GO films are shown to exfoliate explosively when the instrument-set heating rates are 100 K/min and above leading to complete destruction of the film geometry. Textured films with engineered micro-wrinkling and crumpling show similar thermal behavior to planar films. Here, we also demonstrate a novel method to produce fairly large size intact rGO films of high electrical conductivity and microporosity based on confinement. Sandwiching GO precursor films between inert plates during partial exfoliation at 250 C produces high conductivity and porosity material in the form of a flexible film that preserves the macroscopic structure of the original cast body." ], "offsets": [ [ 109, 1460 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "33633411_MESH:D006108_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "graphene" ], "offsets": [ [ 47, 55 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006108" } ] }, { "id": "33633411_MESH:D006108_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "graphene" ], "offsets": [ [ 187, 195 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006108" } ] }, { "id": "33633411_MESH:D006108_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "graphene" ], "offsets": [ [ 294, 302 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006108" } ] }, { "id": "33633411_MESH:D006108_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "graphene" ], "offsets": [ [ 377, 385 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006108" } ] }, { "id": "33633411_MESH:C000628730_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "graphene oxide" ], "offsets": [ [ 637, 651 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C000628730" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3870894_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Cost per service differentials in local health departments." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 59 ] ] }, { "id": "3870894_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "An emerging issue in health care is the relative efficiency with which local health departments provide their services. The problem is complicated by the fact that many factors may contribute to variations in efficiency. We have developed a framework for analyzing such variations across departments, using cost per service (CPS) as the measure of efficiency. The approach is illustrated with data from all 82 county or district health departments in North Carolina. CPS levels can be differentially affected by selected uncontrollable characteristics of the serviced population. Thus, when used to evaluate departmental performance, or to determine reimbursement rates, the CPS must be adjusted for relevant exogenous factors. Our method of cluster analysis accounts \"naturally\" for these factors, thereby allowing for development of policy decisions more responsive to actual health department circumstances." ], "offsets": [ [ 60, 970 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3870894_-_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CPS" ], "offsets": [ [ 527, 530 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "3870894_-_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CPS" ], "offsets": [ [ 735, 738 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "243515_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Symptoms caused by intracranial pressure waves." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 47 ] ] }, { "id": "243515_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 48, 48 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "14265420_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "THE RELATION OF AMPLITUDE OF ALPHA RHYTHM TO HEART RATE." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 56 ] ] }, { "id": "14265420_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 57, 57 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "14265420_MESH:D006331_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AMPLITUDE OF ALPHA RHYTHM TO HEART RATE" ], "offsets": [ [ 16, 55 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006331" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "24010761_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Stigma trajectories among people living with HIV (PLHIV) embarking on a life time journey with antiretroviral drugs in Jinja, Uganda." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 133 ] ] }, { "id": "24010761_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Stigma is a barrier to HIV prevention and treatment. There is a limited understanding of the types of stigma facing people living with HIV (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART). We describe the stigma trajectories of PLHIV over a 5-year period from the time they started ART. METHODS: Longitudinal qualitative in-depth interviews were conducted with 41 members of The AIDS Support Organisation (TASO) from 2005 to 2008 in Jinja, Uganda, who were part of a pragmatic cluster-randomised trial comparing two different modes of ART delivery (facility and home). Participants were stratified by gender, ART delivery arm and HIV stage (early or advanced) and interviewed at enrolment on to ART and then after 3, 6, 18 and 30 months. Interviews focused on stigma and ART experiences. In 2011, follow-up interviews were conducted with 24 of the participants who could be traced. Transcribed texts were translated, coded and analyzed thematically. RESULTS: Stigma was reported to be very high prior to starting ART, explained by visible signs of long-term illnesses and experiences of discrimination and abuse. Early coping strategies included: withdrawal from public life, leaving work due to ill health and moving in with relatives. Starting ART led to a steady decline in stigma and allowed the participants to take control of their illness and manage their social lives. Better health led to resumption of work and having sex but led to reduced disclosure to employers, colleagues and new sexual partners. Some participants mentioned sero-sorting in order to avoid questions around HIV sero-status. A rise in stigma levels during the 18 and 30 month interviews may be correlated with decreased disclosure. By 2011, ART-related stigma was even more pronounced particularly among those who had started new sexual relationships, gained employment and those who had bodily signs from ART side-effects. CONCLUSION: This study has shown that while ART comes with health benefits which help individuals to get rid of previously stigmatising visible signs, an increase in stigma may be noticed after about five years on ART, leading to reduced disclosure. ART adherence counselling should reflect changing causes and manifestations of stigma over time." ], "offsets": [ [ 134, 2387 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "24010761_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "people" ], "offsets": [ [ 26, 32 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "24010761_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "people" ], "offsets": [ [ 262, 268 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "24010761_MESH:D000163_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AIDS" ], "offsets": [ [ 516, 520 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000163" } ] }, { "id": "24010761_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 706, 718 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "24010761_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 985, 997 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "24010761_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 1437, 1449 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "24010761_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 1654, 1666 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "24010761_MESH:D006261_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "A rise" ], "offsets": [ [ 1742, 1748 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006261" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7221340_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "State-related and developmental changes in laryngeal function." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 62 ] ] }, { "id": "7221340_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 63 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "2074126_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Tryptic and chymotryptic proteases released by larvae of the blowfly, Lucilia cuprina." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 86 ] ] }, { "id": "2074126_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Proteases released by larvae of the sheep blowfly have been suggested to have a primary role in wound formation and larval nutrition. Assays were carried out on two larval products to analyse the substrate specificity of these proteases, their abundance and approximate molecular weights. Tryptic and chymotryptic activities were found in both products though there were more chymotrypsin-like enzymes in products from 48 h cultures (CESP) than in product collected direct from 48 h larvae (LESP). Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) gels incubated with azocasein showed plaques of major enzyme activity at molecular weights of 20,000 and 26,000 in LESP and at 20,000 in CESP, SDS-PAGE gels, when reacted with peptide substrates showed tryptic activity at 20,000 and 26,000 in LESP, whereas CESP showed only chymotryptic activity at 20,000 and higher molecular weights. The results suggest at least three enzymes, a trypsin and chymotrypsin in LESP, a chymotrypsin in CESP and a tryptic enzyme which is not stable to SDS-PAGE probably in both LESP and CESP. In addition, reactivity with elastase and plasmin substrates suggests the presence of enzymes with general effects on skin substrates and inflammatory pathways." ], "offsets": [ [ 87, 1339 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "2074126_7375_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Lucilia cuprina" ], "offsets": [ [ 70, 85 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "7375" } ] }, { "id": "2074126_13632_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "sheep blowfly" ], "offsets": [ [ 123, 136 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "13632" } ] }, { "id": "2074126_MESH:D012967_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Sodium dodecyl sulphate" ], "offsets": [ [ 585, 608 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012967" } ] }, { "id": "2074126_MESH:C016679_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polyacrylamide" ], "offsets": [ [ 609, 623 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C016679" } ] }, { "id": "2074126_MESH:D012967_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "SDS" ], "offsets": [ [ 645, 648 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012967" } ] }, { "id": "2074126_MESH:D012967_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "SDS" ], "offsets": [ [ 798, 801 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012967" } ] }, { "id": "2074126_MESH:D012967_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "SDS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1138, 1141 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012967" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "30576505_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "LR_Gapcloser: a tiling path-based gap closer that uses long reads to complete genome assembly." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 94 ] ] }, { "id": "30576505_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Background: Completing a genome is an important goal of genome assembly. However, many assemblies, including reference assemblies, are unfinished and have a number of gaps. Long reads obtained from third-generation sequencing (TGS) platforms can help close these gaps and improve assembly contiguity. However, current gap-closure approaches using long reads require extensive runtime and high memory usage. Thus, a fast and memory-efficient approach using long reads is needed to obtain complete genomes. Findings: We developed LR_Gapcloser to rapidly and efficiently close the gaps in genome assembly. This tool utilizes long reads generated from TGS sequencing platforms. Tested on de novo assembled gaps, repeat-derived gaps, and real gaps, LR_Gapcloser closed a higher number of gaps faster and with a lower error rate and a much lower memory usage than two existing, state-of-the art tools. This tool utilized raw reads to fill more gaps than when using error-corrected reads. It is applicable to gaps in the assemblies by different approaches and from large and complex genomes. After performing gap-closure using this tool, the contig N50 size of the human CHM1 genome was improved from 143 kb to 19 Mb, a 132-fold increase. We also closed the gaps in the Triticum urartu genome, a large genome rich in repeats; the contig N50 size was increased by 40%. Further, we evaluated the contiguity and correctness of six hybrid assembly strategies by combining the optimal TGS-based and next-generation sequencing-based assemblers with LR_Gapcloser. A proposed and optimal hybrid strategy generated a new human CHM1 genome assembly with marked contiguity. The contig N50 value was greater than 28 Mb, which is larger than previous non-reference assemblies of the diploid human genome. Conclusions: LR_Gapcloser is a fast and efficient tool that can be used to close gaps and improve the contiguity of genome assemblies. A proposed hybrid assembly including this tool promises reference-grade assemblies. The software is available at http://www.fishbrowser.org/software/LR_Gapcloser/." ], "offsets": [ [ 95, 2178 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "30576505_MESH:D001919_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "error rate" ], "offsets": [ [ 907, 917 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001919" } ] }, { "id": "30576505_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 1253, 1258 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30576505_11061_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CHM1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1259, 1263 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11061" } ] }, { "id": "30576505_4572_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Triticum urartu" ], "offsets": [ [ 1358, 1373 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "4572" } ] }, { "id": "30576505_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 1700, 1705 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "30576505_11061_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "CHM1" ], "offsets": [ [ 1706, 1710 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "11061" } ] }, { "id": "30576505_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "human" ], "offsets": [ [ 1866, 1871 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "22652143_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Spanish normative studies in young adults (NEURONORMA young adults project): norms for the Visual Object and Space Perception Battery and Judgment of Line Orientation tests." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 173 ] ] }, { "id": "22652143_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "INTRODUCTION: The Visual Object and Space Perception Battery (VOSP) and Judgment of Line Orientation tests (JLO) are used in clinical practice to assess visuoperceptual and visuospatial abilities. OBJECTIVE: In this study, as part of the Spanish normative studies project in young adults (NEURONORMA young adults), we present normative data for a short version of the VOSP test and for the JLO test. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 179 participants who are cognitively normal and range in age from 18 to 49 years. Tables are provided to convert raw scores to scaled scores. Education- and sex-adjusted scores were obtained by applying linear regression techniques. RESULTS: Our results show that education and sex only affect scores on the JLO test, and that age has no effect. CONCLUSIONS: The normative data obtained will be extremely useful in the clinical evaluation of young Spanish adults." ], "offsets": [ [ 174, 1083 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "22652143_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "participants" ], "offsets": [ [ 624, 636 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "12724019_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Effects of metformin therapy on hyperandrogenism in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 91 ] ] }, { "id": "12724019_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine diseases in women. This syndrome is characterized by hyperandrogenism, chronic anovulation, infertility and obesity. The association between PCOS-related hyperandrogenemia and insulin resistance is well documented in the literature. Insulin resistance and the resulting raised plasma levels of insulin are reported to be responsible for the high androgen concentration observed in patients with PCOS. In this prospective study, blood samples for levels of testosterone (T), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), LH/FSH, prolactin and fasting blood sugar (FBS) before starting metformin administration were obtained randomly from 40 women who were apparently obese, had PCOS and had been referred to a university hospital. Metformin was then given at a dose of 500 mg three times a day for 8 weeks, after which time the pretreatment study was repeated. Clinical symptoms of PCOS, including acne and hirsutism score and body mass index (BMI), were assessed before and after the treatment cycle. Metformin therapy resulted in a significant decrease in total testosterone levels and FBS. There was also a significant decline in BMI, length of the menstrual cycle, acne and hirsutism score. There were no significant changes in the levels of DHEAS, prolactin, FSH or LH, or in LH/FSH. The effect of metformin on subjects with elevated DHEAS levels was different to that on individuals with normal DHEAS levels. In the latter group there were only significant improvements in the length of the menstrual cycle, BMI and testosterone and DHEAS levels. It is concluded that metformin therapy in subjects with PCOS results in a decrease in fasting blood sugar and testosterone levels, and leads to a significant improvement in the clinical manifestation of hyperandrogenism. These responses also related to the level of adrenal function." ], "offsets": [ [ 92, 2054 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "12724019_MESH:D008687_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "metformin" ], "offsets": [ [ 11, 20 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008687" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D017588_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hyperandrogenism" ], "offsets": [ [ 32, 48 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017588" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 52, 57 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D011085_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "polycystic ovarian syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 63, 90 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011085" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D011085_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Polycystic ovarian syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 92, 119 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011085" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D011085_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PCOS" ], "offsets": [ [ 121, 125 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011085" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D004700_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "endocrine diseases" ], "offsets": [ [ 153, 171 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004700" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 175, 180 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D017588_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hyperandrogenism" ], "offsets": [ [ 216, 232 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017588" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D007247_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infertility" ], "offsets": [ [ 255, 266 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007247" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D009765_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "obesity" ], "offsets": [ [ 271, 278 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009765" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D011085_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PCOS" ], "offsets": [ [ 304, 308 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011085" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D011085_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hyperandrogenemia" ], "offsets": [ [ 317, 334 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011085" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_3630_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 339, 346 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_3630_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 396, 403 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_3630_15", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "insulin" ], "offsets": [ [ 457, 464 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3630" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_9606_16", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 544, 552 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D011085_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PCOS" ], "offsets": [ [ 558, 562 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011085" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D013739_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "testosterone" ], "offsets": [ [ 619, 631 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013739" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D019314_19", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate" ], "offsets": [ [ 637, 667 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019314" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D019314_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DHEAS" ], "offsets": [ [ 669, 674 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019314" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D000073893_21", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sugar" ], "offsets": [ [ 775, 780 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000073893" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D008687_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "metformin" ], "offsets": [ [ 803, 812 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008687" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_9606_23", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 859, 864 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D009765_24", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "obese" ], "offsets": [ [ 885, 890 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009765" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D011085_25", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PCOS" ], "offsets": [ [ 896, 900 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011085" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D008687_26", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Metformin" ], "offsets": [ [ 949, 958 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008687" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D011085_27", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PCOS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1100, 1104 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011085" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D000152_28", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "acne" ], "offsets": [ [ 1116, 1120 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000152" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D006628_29", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hirsutism" ], "offsets": [ [ 1125, 1134 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006628" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D008687_30", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Metformin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1220, 1229 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008687" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D013739_31", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "testosterone" ], "offsets": [ [ 1282, 1294 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013739" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D000152_32", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "acne" ], "offsets": [ [ 1387, 1391 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000152" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D006628_33", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hirsutism" ], "offsets": [ [ 1396, 1405 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006628" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D019314_34", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DHEAS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1464, 1469 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019314" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D008687_35", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "metformin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1521, 1530 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008687" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D019314_36", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DHEAS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1557, 1562 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019314" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D019314_37", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DHEAS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1619, 1624 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019314" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D013739_38", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "testosterone" ], "offsets": [ [ 1740, 1752 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013739" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D019314_39", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "DHEAS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1757, 1762 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019314" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D008687_40", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "metformin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1792, 1801 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008687" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D011085_41", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "PCOS" ], "offsets": [ [ 1827, 1831 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011085" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D000073893_42", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sugar" ], "offsets": [ [ 1871, 1876 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000073893" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D013739_43", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "testosterone" ], "offsets": [ [ 1881, 1893 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013739" } ] }, { "id": "12724019_MESH:D017588_44", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hyperandrogenism" ], "offsets": [ [ 1974, 1990 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D017588" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "29137967_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Procedural and thirty-day outcomes following transfemoral implantation of the fully repositionable and retrievable Lotus valve without routine pre-dilatation in a consecutive patient cohort: a single-center experience." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 218 ] ] }, { "id": "29137967_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND / PURPOSE: The Lotus valve (Boston Scientific, Natick, MA, USA) is a contemporary transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) device that is fully repositionable and retrievable to aid implantation and optimise procedural results. The ability to implant the device without routine pre-dilatation is another possible advantage reducing associated risks and procedure times. The aim of this study is to report procedural and 30-day outcomes following TAVI in a consecutive patient group presenting with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis with the Lotus valve system without routine pre-dilatation. METHODS / MATERIALS: 146 consecutive patients that underwent TAVI at the John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford between January 2015 - December 2016 were retrospectively analysed. RESULTS: The mean age was 81.1+-7.4 years and the mean logistic EuroSCORE was 14.6+-10. 134 (91.8%) of patients were treated under conscious sedation. 144 (98.6%) of procedures were successful. Two patients (1.4%) died during the follow-up period. None or mild residual aortic regurgitation was achieved in 98.6% of patients. The mean and peak transvalvular gradients were 8.6+-3.6mmHg and 16.6+-6.6mmHg respectively. Eight patients (5.5%) suffered a stroke. Over time, there was a reduction in major vascular complications (14.3% vs. 2.2%, p=0.03) and a trend toward shorter procedure times (97.6+-44.3 vs. 86.8+-31.4 minutes, p=0.14) and the administration of less contrast (104.4+-45.2 vs. 91.7+-37.6 millilitres, p=0.16). The overall new pacemaker implantation rate was 36.3%. CONCLUSIONS: The use of the Lotus valve as a 'workhorse' device without routine pre-dilatation is safe and efficacious and is associated with a very low incidence of residual aortic regurgitation and acceptable transvalvular haemodynamics." ], "offsets": [ [ 219, 2022 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "29137967_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 175, 182 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29137967_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 704, 711 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29137967_MESH:D001024_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "aortic stenosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 753, 768 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001024" } ] }, { "id": "29137967_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 866, 874 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29137967_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1105, 1113 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29137967_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1200, 1208 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29137967_MESH:D001022_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "aortic regurgitation" ], "offsets": [ [ 1272, 1292 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001022" } ] }, { "id": "29137967_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1318, 1326 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29137967_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1426, 1434 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "29137967_MESH:D020521_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stroke" ], "offsets": [ [ 1453, 1459 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020521" } ] }, { "id": "29137967_MESH:D001022_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "aortic regurgitation" ], "offsets": [ [ 1958, 1978 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001022" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "20801307_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "An i-DNA based electrochemical sensor for proton detection." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 59 ] ] }, { "id": "20801307_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "An i-DNA based electrochemical proton sensor which is fabricated by attaching the ferrocene-labeled i-DNA (Fc-i-DNA) onto a gold electrode is reported. This type of i-DNA is a cytidine-rich single-stranded oligonucleotide that its conformation can be switched between the random coil conformation and the folded i-motif structure at different pH values. The Fc-i-DNA is thiol terminated and can be bound to the gold electrode surface by Au-S interaction. With the variation of solution pH, the distance between ferrocene moiety and electrode surface is changed, leading to different redox currents. The pH can then be determined by measurement of the corresponding currents. In the range of pH 5.6-7.1, it is shown a linear relationship between the currents and pH values. The proton sensor also exhibits quick response, easy fabrication, and good selectivity." ], "offsets": [ [ 60, 920 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "20801307_MESH:C004998_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ferrocene" ], "offsets": [ [ 142, 151 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C004998" } ] }, { "id": "20801307_-_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cytidine-rich single-stranded oligonucleotide" ], "offsets": [ [ 236, 281 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "20801307_MESH:D013438_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "thiol" ], "offsets": [ [ 430, 435 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013438" } ] }, { "id": "20801307_MESH:D006046_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Au-S" ], "offsets": [ [ 497, 501 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006046" } ] }, { "id": "20801307_MESH:C004998_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ferrocene" ], "offsets": [ [ 571, 580 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C004998" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "35740726_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Lung Recruitment Maneuvers Assessment by Bedside Lung Ultrasound in Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 114 ] ] }, { "id": "35740726_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "The use of recruitment maneuvers (RMs) is suggested to improve severe oxygenation failure in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Lung ultrasound (LUS) is a non-invasive, safe, and easily repeatable tool. It could be used to monitor the lung recruitment process in real-time. This paper aims to evaluate bedside LUS for assessing PEEP-induced pulmonary reaeration during RMs in pediatric patients. A case of a child with severe ARDS due to Haemophilus influenzae infection is presented. Due to his poor clinical, laboratory, and radiological evolution, he was placed on venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Despite all measures, severe pulmonary collapse prevented proper improvement. Thus, RMs were indicated, and bedside LUS was successfully used for monitoring and assessing lung recruitment. The initial lung evaluation before the maneuver showed a tissue pattern characterized by a severe loss of lung aeration with dynamic air bronchograms and multiple coalescent B-lines. While raising a PEEP of 30 mmH2O, LUS showed the presence of A-lines, which was considered a predictor of reaeration in response to the recruitment maneuver. The LUS pattern could be used to assess modifications in the lung aeration, evaluate the effectiveness of RMs, and prevent lung overdistension." ], "offsets": [ [ 115, 1434 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "35740726_MESH:D012128_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 68, 113 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012128" } ] }, { "id": "35740726_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 208, 216 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35740726_MESH:D012128_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "acute respiratory distress syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 222, 257 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012128" } ] }, { "id": "35740726_MESH:D012128_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ARDS" ], "offsets": [ [ 259, 263 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012128" } ] }, { "id": "35740726_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 524, 532 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35740726_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "child" ], "offsets": [ [ 546, 551 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "35740726_MESH:D012128_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "ARDS" ], "offsets": [ [ 564, 568 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D012128" } ] }, { "id": "35740726_727_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Haemophilus influenzae" ], "offsets": [ [ 576, 598 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "727" } ] }, { "id": "35740726_MESH:D007239_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infection" ], "offsets": [ [ 599, 608 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007239" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "11860489_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The voltage-sensitive motor protein and the Ca2+-sensitive cytoskeleton in developing rat cochlear outer hair cells." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 116 ] ] }, { "id": "11860489_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Cochlear outer hair cells (OHCs) possess a unique fast voltage-driven motility associated with a voltage-sensitive motor protein embedded in the basolateral membrane. This mechanism is believed to underlie the cochlear amplification in mammals. OHCs also have a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent mechanical pathway which involves a submembranous circumferential cytoskeleton. The purpose of this study was to compare the functional appearance of the voltage-sensitive motor proteins with that involving the Ca2+-sensitive cytoskeleton during postnatal development of rat OHCs. We demonstrate that whole-cell electromotility and Ca2+-voked mechanical responses, by ionomycin, develop concomitantly after postnatal day 5 (P5). These two mechanical properties also develop simultaneously in OHCs isolated from two-week-old cultures of P0-P1 organs of Corti. This excludes the participation of neural innervation in the postnatal maturation of the OHCs' motile properties. In addition, we show that the expression of the membranous voltage-sensitive motor protein precedes, by several days, the appearance of whole-cell electromotility. The concomitant development of whole-cell electromotility and Ca2+-sensitive motility, both in vivo and in vitro, underlines the cytoskeleton as an important factor in the functional organization of the voltage-sensitive motor proteins within the plasma membrane." ], "offsets": [ [ 117, 1505 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "11860489_MESH:D000069285_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Ca2+" ], "offsets": [ [ 44, 48 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000069285" } ] }, { "id": "11860489_10116_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 86, 89 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "11860489_MESH:D000069285_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Ca2+" ], "offsets": [ [ 379, 383 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000069285" } ] }, { "id": "11860489_MESH:D000069285_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Ca2+" ], "offsets": [ [ 616, 620 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000069285" } ] }, { "id": "11860489_10116_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rat" ], "offsets": [ [ 676, 679 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "11860489_MESH:D000069285_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Ca2+" ], "offsets": [ [ 737, 741 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000069285" } ] }, { "id": "11860489_MESH:D015759_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ionomycin" ], "offsets": [ [ 773, 782 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D015759" } ] }, { "id": "11860489_MESH:D000069285_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Ca2+" ], "offsets": [ [ 1304, 1308 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000069285" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "19744518_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Resveratrol inhibits beta-amyloid oligomeric cytotoxicity but does not prevent oligomer formation." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 98 ] ] }, { "id": "19744518_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Beta-amyloid (Abeta) aggregation has been strongly associated with the neurodegenerative pathology and a cascade of harmful event rated to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Inhibition of Abeta assembly, destabilization of preformed Abeta aggregates and attenuation of the cytotoxicity of Abeta oligomers and fibrils could be valuable therapeutics of patients with AD. Recent studies suggested that moderate consumption of red wine and intake of dietary polyphenols, such as resveratrol, may benefit AD phenotypes in animal models and reduce the relative risk for AD clinical dementia. To understand the mechanism of this neuroprotection, we studied the effects of resveratrol, an active ingredient of polyphenols in wine and many plants, on the polymerization of Abeta42 monomer, the destabilization of Abeta42 fibril and the cell toxicity of Abeta42 in vitro using fluorescence spectroscopic analysis with thioflavin T (ThT), transmission electron microscope (TEM), circular dichroism (CD) and MTT assay. The results showed that resveratrol could dose-dependently inhibit Abeta42 fibril formation and cytotoxicity but could not prevent Abeta42 oligomerization. The studies by Western-blot, dot-blot and ELISA confirmed that the addition of resveratrol resulted in numerous Abeta42 oligomer formation. In conjunction with the concept that Abeta oligomers are linked to Abeta toxicity, we speculate that aside from potential antioxidant activities, resveratrol may directly bind to Abeta42, interfere in Abeta42 aggregation, change the Abeta42 oligomer conformation and attenuate Abeta42 oligomeric cytotoxicity." ], "offsets": [ [ 99, 1702 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "19744518_MESH:D000077185_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Resveratrol" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 11 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077185" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D064420_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cytotoxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 45, 57 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064420" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D000544_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Alzheimer's disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 238, 257 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000544" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D000544_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AD" ], "offsets": [ [ 259, 261 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000544" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D064420_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cytotoxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 363, 375 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064420" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_9606_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 441, 449 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D000544_6", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AD" ], "offsets": [ [ 455, 457 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000544" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D059808_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polyphenols" ], "offsets": [ [ 544, 555 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D059808" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D000077185_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "resveratrol" ], "offsets": [ [ 565, 576 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077185" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D000544_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AD" ], "offsets": [ [ 590, 592 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000544" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D000544_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "AD" ], "offsets": [ [ 654, 656 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000544" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D003704_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "dementia" ], "offsets": [ [ 666, 674 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003704" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D000077185_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "resveratrol" ], "offsets": [ [ 755, 766 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077185" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D059808_13", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polyphenols" ], "offsets": [ [ 792, 803 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D059808" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D064420_14", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "toxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 922, 930 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064420" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:C009462_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "thioflavin T" ], "offsets": [ [ 998, 1010 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C009462" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:C009462_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ThT" ], "offsets": [ [ 1012, 1015 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C009462" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:C070243_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "MTT" ], "offsets": [ [ 1086, 1089 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C070243" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D000077185_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "resveratrol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1121, 1132 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077185" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D064420_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cytotoxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 1193, 1205 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064420" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D000077185_20", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "resveratrol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1332, 1343 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077185" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D064420_21", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Abeta toxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 1460, 1474 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064420" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D000077185_22", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "resveratrol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1539, 1550 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000077185" } ] }, { "id": "19744518_MESH:D064420_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cytotoxicity" ], "offsets": [ [ 1689, 1701 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D064420" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "5872018_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[The method of performing the hemagglutination reaction for specific antigen detection in typhoid fever]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 105 ] ] }, { "id": "5872018_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 106, 106 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "5872018_MESH:D014435_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "typhoid fever" ], "offsets": [ [ 90, 103 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014435" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "19489245_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Effects of Batroxobin on distal anastomotic intimal hyperplasia after expanded polytetrafluoroethylene bypass grafting in dog common carotid artery]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 150 ] ] }, { "id": "19489245_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "OBJECTIVE: To study the morphological behavior, the expression of MCP-1 and PDGF-B of distal anastomotic neointima after expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) bypass grafting. And to identify the effects of Batroxobin (BX) on distal anastomotic intimal hyperplasia. METHODS: 12 adult mongrel dogs underwent end to side bypass grafting in left common carotid artery using ePTFE vascular graft (6mm in diameter, 5cm in length) were divided randomly into two groups. All 12 bypass grafts were removed 28 days after grafting and distal anastomotic parts were obtained. Using HE, Masson, IHC, RT-PCR and western blot, we analyzed the thickness, relative content of ECM, SMC PCNA index, expression of MCP-1 and PDGF-B in distal anastomotic neointima. And we compared the differences between the two groups. RESULTS: 28 day after grafting, the neointima was formed by SMC and ECM and was covered by epithelial cells. After using BX, the thickness of neointima was reduced [( 381.3 +/- 144.7) microm versus (213.8 +/- 29.0) microm, P < 0.05] and the relative content of ECM were significantly decreased (P = 0.006). The PCNA index (P = 0.109) and PDGF-B level (P = 0.055 by RT-PCR and P = 0.337 by WB) between the two groups had no significant difference. MCP-1 level was markedly decreased (P = 0.025 by RT-PCR and P = 0.016 by WB). CONCLUSIONS: Using BX after ePTFE grafting could effectively reduce the relative content of ECM, reduce the expression of MCP-1 and decrease the thickness of neointima in the early time." ], "offsets": [ [ 151, 1666 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "19489245_MESH:D006965_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hyperplasia" ], "offsets": [ [ 53, 64 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006965" } ] }, { "id": "19489245_MESH:D011138_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polytetrafluoroethylene" ], "offsets": [ [ 80, 103 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011138" } ] }, { "id": "19489245_9615_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "dog" ], "offsets": [ [ 123, 126 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9615" } ] }, { "id": "19489245_442986_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PDGF-B" ], "offsets": [ [ 227, 233 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "442986" } ] }, { "id": "19489245_MESH:D058426_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anastomotic neointima" ], "offsets": [ [ 244, 265 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D058426" } ] }, { "id": "19489245_MESH:D011138_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "polytetrafluoroethylene" ], "offsets": [ [ 281, 304 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D011138" } ] }, { "id": "19489245_-_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ePTFE" ], "offsets": [ [ 306, 311 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "19489245_MESH:D006965_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "hyperplasia" ], "offsets": [ [ 407, 418 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D006965" } ] }, { "id": "19489245_9615_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "dogs" ], "offsets": [ [ 446, 450 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9615" } ] }, { "id": "19489245_477166_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PCNA" ], "offsets": [ [ 823, 827 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "477166" } ] }, { "id": "19489245_442986_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PDGF-B" ], "offsets": [ [ 859, 865 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "442986" } ] }, { "id": "19489245_MESH:D058426_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "anastomotic neointima" ], "offsets": [ [ 876, 897 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D058426" } ] }, { "id": "19489245_477166_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PCNA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1266, 1270 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "477166" } ] }, { "id": "19489245_442986_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "PDGF-B" ], "offsets": [ [ 1293, 1299 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "442986" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "24708942_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Can we model DNA at the mesoscale?: Comment on \"Fluctuations in the DNA double helix: A critical review\" by Frank-Kamenetskii and Prakash." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 138 ] ] }, { "id": "24708942_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 139, 139 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "24194218_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Somatic embryogenesis and plant development from immature zygotic embryos of seedless grapes (Vitis vinifera L.)." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 113 ] ] }, { "id": "24194218_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Somatic embryo formation occurred from immature zygotic embryos within ovules of stenospermocarpic seedless grapes (Vitis vinifera L.), when cultured for two months on liquid Emershad/Ramming medium. Somatic embryos continued to proliferate after excision and transfer to Emershad/Ramming medium supplemented with 1 muM benzylaminopurine and 0.65% TC agar. Plant development from somatic embryos was influenced by genotype, medium, phase (liquid, agar), stage (torpedo, mature) and their interactions. Optimal plant development occurred on Woody Plant Medium supplemented with 1.5% sucrose + 1 muM benzylaminopurine + 0.3% activated charcoal and 0.65% TC agar." ], "offsets": [ [ 114, 774 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "24194218_29760_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Vitis vinifera L" ], "offsets": [ [ 94, 110 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "29760" } ] }, { "id": "24194218_29760_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Vitis vinifera L" ], "offsets": [ [ 230, 246 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "29760" } ] }, { "id": "24194218_-_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Emershad/Ramming medium" ], "offsets": [ [ 386, 409 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "24194218_MESH:C480551_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "benzylaminopurine" ], "offsets": [ [ 434, 451 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C480551" } ] }, { "id": "24194218_-_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TC agar" ], "offsets": [ [ 462, 469 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] }, { "id": "24194218_MESH:D013395_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "sucrose" ], "offsets": [ [ 696, 703 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013395" } ] }, { "id": "24194218_MESH:C480551_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "benzylaminopurine" ], "offsets": [ [ 712, 729 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:C480551" } ] }, { "id": "24194218_-_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "TC agar" ], "offsets": [ [ 766, 773 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "-" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "19013384_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Is it safe to discharge patients from accident and emergency using a rapid point of care Triple Cardiac Marker test to rule out acute coronary syndrome in low to intermediate risk patients presenting with chest pain?" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 216 ] ] }, { "id": "19013384_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "PURPOSE: To determine whether patients presenting with chest pain who are at low to intermediate risk for ACS can safely be discharged from Accident and Emergency using Triple Cardiac Marker [TCM] [CK-MB, myoglobin, troponin I] without increasing risk and cost effective use of coronary care facilities. METHODS: Retrospective review of consecutive patients presented to A&E between Dec 2003 and July 2004 was performed and these patients were prospectively followed for six months for future coronary events and hospital admissions. A total of 325 patients presented to A&E with chest pain that were at low to intermediate risk for ACS. Paired TCM and ECGs were performed 2 h apart and the results were used to determine whether hospital admission was required. Follow up data was collected from hospital records, hospital database, GPS and patient interviews. RESULTS: 325 consecutive patients [225 men, 100 women; aged 18-97 years, median-68 years] were included in the study. Paired TCM was negative in 100 patients [30%] and they were discharged from A&E. The re-admission rate for this group of patients was 1% with ACS and no deaths from cardiac cause at six months. 36 [11%] had single TCM negative and were sent home with 3% re-admission rate with ACS and no death at six months. Subgroup analysis shows sensitivity and specificity of 85.7% and 96.5% respectively for TCM to diagnose ACS in this setting. CONCLUSION: Almost one third of patients who presented with chest pain and low to intermediate probability of ACS were safely discharged from A&E following paired negative TCM. Six month re-admission rate with ACS in this group of patients was only 1% with no death. Therefore paired TCM can be used to safely discharge this group of patients. This marker has the potential to significantly reduce hospital admissions." ], "offsets": [ [ 217, 2049 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "19013384_9606_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 24, 32 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_MESH:D054058_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "coronary syndrome" ], "offsets": [ [ 134, 151 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D054058" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 180, 188 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_MESH:D002637_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "chest pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 205, 215 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002637" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 247, 255 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_MESH:D002637_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "chest pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 272, 282 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002637" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 566, 574 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 647, 655 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 766, 774 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_MESH:D002637_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "chest pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 797, 807 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002637" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_9606_10", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1059, 1066 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_9606_11", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1104, 1112 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "men" ], "offsets": [ [ 1118, 1121 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "women" ], "offsets": [ [ 1127, 1132 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1228, 1236 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_9606_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1318, 1326 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_MESH:D003643_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "death" ], "offsets": [ [ 1485, 1490 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_9606_17", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1663, 1671 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_MESH:D002637_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "chest pain" ], "offsets": [ [ 1691, 1701 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002637" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_9606_19", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1862, 1870 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_MESH:D003643_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "death" ], "offsets": [ [ 1891, 1896 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "19013384_9606_21", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1965, 1973 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "15599958_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Mutation of perinatal myosin heavy chain." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 41 ] ] }, { "id": "15599958_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 42, 42 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "25859833_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Midbrain morphology reflects extent of brain damage in Krabbe disease." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 70 ] ] }, { "id": "25859833_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "INTRODUCTION: To study the relationships between midbrain morphology, Loes score, gross motor function, and cognitive function in infantile Krabbe disease. METHODS: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were evaluated by two neuroradiologists blinded to clinical status and neurodevelopmental function of children with early or late infantile Krabbe disease. A simplified qualitative 3-point scoring system based on midbrain morphology on midsagittal MRI was used. A score of 0 represented normal convex morphology of the midbrain, a score of 1 represented flattening of the midbrain, and a score of 3 represented concave morphology of the midbrain (hummingbird sign). Spearman correlations were estimated between this simplified MRI scoring system and the Loes score, gross motor score, and cognitive score. RESULTS: Forty-two MRIs of 27 subjects were reviewed. Analysis of the 42 scans showed normal midbrain morphology in 3 (7.1%) scans, midbrain flattening in 11 (26.2%) scans, and concave midbrain morphology (hummingbird sign) in 28 (66.7%) scans. Midbrain morphology scores were positively correlated with the Loes score (r = 0.81, p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with both gross motor and cognitive scores (r = -.84, p < 0.001; r = -0.87, p < 0.001, respectively). The inter-rater reliability for the midbrain morphology scale was kappa = .95 (95% CI: 0.86-1.0), and the inter-rater reliability for the Loes scale was kappa = .58 (95% CI: 0.42-0.73). CONCLUSIONS: Midbrain morphology scores of midsagittal MRI images correlates with cognition and gross motor function in children with Krabbe disease. This MRI scoring system represents a simple but reliable method to assess disease progression in patients with infantile Krabbe disease." ], "offsets": [ [ 71, 1822 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "25859833_MESH:D007965_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "brain damage in Krabbe disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 39, 69 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007965" } ] }, { "id": "25859833_MESH:D003072_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "cognitive function in infantile Krabbe disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 179, 225 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003072" } ] }, { "id": "25859833_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 377, 385 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "25859833_MESH:D007965_3", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "late infantile Krabbe disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 400, 429 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007965" } ] }, { "id": "25859833_9606_4", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 1656, 1664 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "25859833_MESH:D007965_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Krabbe disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 1670, 1684 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007965" } ] }, { "id": "25859833_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1783, 1791 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "25859833_MESH:D007965_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "infantile Krabbe disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 1797, 1821 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D007965" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "25276518_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Successful polio eradication in Uttar Pradesh, India: the pivotal contribution of the Social Mobilization Network, an NGO/UNICEF collaboration." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 143 ] ] }, { "id": "25276518_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "In Uttar Pradesh, India, in response to low routine immunization coverage and ongoing poliovirus circulation, a network of U.S.-based CORE Group member and local nongovernmental organizations partnered with UNICEF, creating the Social Mobilization Network (SMNet). The SMNet's goal was to improve access and reduce family and community resistance to vaccination. The partners trained thousands of mobilizers from high-risk communities to visit households, promote government-run child immunization services, track children's immunization history and encourage vaccination of children missing scheduled vaccinations, and mobilize local opinion leaders. Creative behavior change activities and materials promoted vaccination awareness and safety, household hygiene, sanitation, home diarrheal-disease control, and breastfeeding. Program decision-makers at all levels used household-level data that were aggregated at community and district levels, and senior staff provided rapid feedback and regular capacity-building supervision to field staff. Use of routine project data and targeted research findings offered insights into and informed innovative approaches to overcoming community concerns impacting immunization coverage. While the SMNet worked in the highest-risk, poorly served communities, data suggest that the immunization coverage in SMNet communities was often higher than overall coverage in the district. The partners' organizational and resource differences and complementary technical strengths posed both opportunities and challenges; overcoming them enhanced the partnership's success and contributions." ], "offsets": [ [ 144, 1765 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "25276518_138950_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "poliovirus" ], "offsets": [ [ 230, 240 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "138950" } ] }, { "id": "25276518_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "child" ], "offsets": [ [ 623, 628 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "25276518_9606_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 658, 666 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "25276518_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "children" ], "offsets": [ [ 719, 727 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "25276518_MESH:D004403_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "diarrheal-disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 925, 942 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D004403" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "33757226_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Metabolism of cellobiose by Clostridium cellulolyticum growing in continuous culture: evidence for decreased NADH reoxidation as a factor limiting growth." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 154 ] ] }, { "id": "33757226_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Previous results indicated that molar growth yields are reduced when Clostridium cellulolyticum is cultured in media containing cellobiose concentrations greater than 1 g I-1. Continuous cultures were examined to determine the physiological basis of these poor growth yields. Acetate was the main product of C. cellulolyticum metabolism, whereas the production of reduced compounds such as ethanol or lactate was low. Such patterns of product formation were accompanied by a 12-fold increase in intracellular NADH concentration when the cellobiose flow was increased. Catabolic enzymic activities were measured in vitro. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), acetate kinase and phosphoroclastic activities were found at similar levels as in cells metabolizing higher substrate concentrations. In contrast, lactate dehydrogenase activity was low and correlated with the rate of lactate production. Furthermore, an inhibition of GAPDH activity by high NADH/NAD+ ratios was established. These results suggested that a decreased NADH reoxidation could be responsible for limiting C. cellulolyticum growth. Lactate and ethanol production were not sufficient to balance out the NADH produced in the GAPDH step of glycolysis. One consequence of poor NADH reoxidation would be an increase in intracellular concentration of NADH, which in turn could inhibit GAPDH activity." ], "offsets": [ [ 155, 1531 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "33757226_1521_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Clostridium cellulolyticum" ], "offsets": [ [ 28, 54 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1521" } ] }, { "id": "33757226_MESH:D009243_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "NADH" ], "offsets": [ [ 109, 113 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009243" } ] }, { "id": "33757226_1521_2", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Clostridium cellulolyticum" ], "offsets": [ [ 224, 250 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1521" } ] }, { "id": "33757226_MESH:D002475_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cellobiose" ], "offsets": [ [ 283, 293 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D002475" } ] }, { "id": "33757226_MESH:D000085_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Acetate" ], "offsets": [ [ 431, 438 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000085" } ] }, { "id": "33757226_1521_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "C. cellulolyticum" ], "offsets": [ [ 463, 480 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1521" } ] }, { "id": "33757226_MESH:D000431_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ethanol" ], "offsets": [ [ 545, 552 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000431" } ] }, { "id": "33757226_MESH:D019344_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lactate" ], "offsets": [ [ 556, 563 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019344" } ] }, { "id": "33757226_MESH:D009243_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "NADH" ], "offsets": [ [ 664, 668 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009243" } ] }, { "id": "33757226_MESH:D019344_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "lactate" ], "offsets": [ [ 1044, 1051 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019344" } ] }, { "id": "33757226_MESH:D009243_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "NADH" ], "offsets": [ [ 1117, 1121 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009243" } ] }, { "id": "33757226_MESH:D009243_11", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "NAD+" ], "offsets": [ [ 1122, 1126 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009243" } ] }, { "id": "33757226_MESH:D009243_12", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "NADH" ], "offsets": [ [ 1192, 1196 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009243" } ] }, { "id": "33757226_1521_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "C. cellulolyticum" ], "offsets": [ [ 1243, 1260 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "1521" } ] }, { "id": "33757226_MESH:D019344_14", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Lactate" ], "offsets": [ [ 1269, 1276 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D019344" } ] }, { "id": "33757226_MESH:D000431_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "ethanol" ], "offsets": [ [ 1281, 1288 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000431" } ] }, { "id": "33757226_MESH:D009243_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "NADH" ], "offsets": [ [ 1339, 1343 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009243" } ] }, { "id": "33757226_MESH:D009243_17", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "NADH" ], "offsets": [ [ 1410, 1414 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009243" } ] }, { "id": "33757226_MESH:D009243_18", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "NADH" ], "offsets": [ [ 1482, 1486 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009243" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "3876941_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "The effects of cyclosporin on lymphocyte activation in a systemic graft-vs.-host reaction." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 90 ] ] }, { "id": "3876941_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "We have investigated the effects of cyclosporin (CsA) on each of three stages of lymphocyte activation in vivo viz. sequestration of alloantigen-reactive lymphocytes from the circulation into the spleen and lymph nodes, blast transformation and induction of DNA synthesis in the activated cells and release of these cells and their progeny into the circulation. Parental strain lymphocytes injected i.v. into semi-allogeneic rats and recovered from the thoracic duct within 36 h are profoundly unresponsive in a local graft-vs.-host assay to the alloantigens of the F1 hybrid but have normal activity against unrelated alloantigens (negative selection). CsA treatment of the F1 hybrid recipients did not prevent this selective sequestration of antigen-reactive cells. In the untreated F1 hybrid, from 36 h after injection, large numbers of dividing blast cells were released into the lymph. These cells did not appear in the lymph of recipients treated with CsA. However, CsA did not prevent the activation of cells sequestered in the spleen or lymph nodes as assessed by [3H] thymidine incorporation and autoradiography. This unexpected finding suggests that CsA inhibits lymphocyte responses to alloantigens in vivo after DNA synthesis which is a later stage than the in vitro studies have shown." ], "offsets": [ [ 91, 1389 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "3876941_MESH:D016572_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cyclosporin" ], "offsets": [ [ 15, 26 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016572" } ] }, { "id": "3876941_MESH:D016572_1", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "cyclosporin" ], "offsets": [ [ 127, 138 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016572" } ] }, { "id": "3876941_MESH:D016572_2", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CsA" ], "offsets": [ [ 140, 143 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016572" } ] }, { "id": "3876941_10116_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 516, 520 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "3876941_MESH:D016572_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CsA" ], "offsets": [ [ 745, 748 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016572" } ] }, { "id": "3876941_MESH:D016572_5", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CsA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1049, 1052 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016572" } ] }, { "id": "3876941_MESH:D016572_6", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CsA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1063, 1066 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016572" } ] }, { "id": "3876941_MESH:D014316_7", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "3H" ], "offsets": [ [ 1164, 1166 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D014316" } ] }, { "id": "3876941_MESH:D013936_8", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "thymidine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1168, 1177 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D013936" } ] }, { "id": "3876941_MESH:D016572_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "CsA" ], "offsets": [ [ 1251, 1254 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D016572" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "27130249_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Versus Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement for Severe Aortic Stenosis in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 3b to 5." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 163 ] ] }, { "id": "27130249_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: There are scarce data on outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in patients with renal failure. METHODS: We evaluated the impact of renal failure on outcomes after TAVI and SAVR and compared the results of these procedures in patients with chronic kidney disease stages 3b to 5 from the Observational Study of Effectiveness of AVR-TAVI Procedures for Severe Aortic Stenosis Treatment (OBSERVANT) study. RESULTS: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages 3b to 5 was associated with an increased risk of mortality after either TAVI or SAVR compared with CKD stages 1 to 3a. Among 170 propensity score-matched pairs with CKD stages 3b to 5, patients who underwent TAVI had a significantly higher rate of permanent pacemaker implantation, vascular damage, and mild to moderate paravalvular regurgitation, and tended to have a higher 30-day mortality (7.1% versus 2.9%; p = 0.09). Thirty-day mortality after transapical TAVI was 7.1%. SAVR had a significantly higher rate of blood transfusions, stroke, and acute kidney injury. At 2 years, patients undergoing TAVI had somewhat higher all-cause mortality (31.2% versus 23.4%; p = 0.118), major cardiac and cerebrovascular events (37.2% versus 31.0%; p = 0.270), and a lower risk of dialysis (12.4% versus 21.2%; p = 0.052) compared with SAVR. CONCLUSIONS: CKD stages 3b to 5 increases the risk of mortality after TAVI and SAVR. In this subset of patients, SAVR was associated with somewhat better early and late survival. The risk of acute kidney injury was higher after SAVR. These findings suggest that CKD stages 3b to 5 does not contraindicate SAVR. Strategies to prevent severe acute kidney injury should be implemented with either SAVR or TAVI." ], "offsets": [ [ 164, 1934 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "27130249_MESH:D001024_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Aortic Stenosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 92, 107 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001024" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 111, 119 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D051436_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Chronic Kidney Disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 125, 147 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051436" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_9606_3", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 311, 319 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D051437_4", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "renal failure" ], "offsets": [ [ 325, 338 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051437" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D051437_5", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "renal failure" ], "offsets": [ [ 376, 389 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051437" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 470, 478 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D051436_7", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "chronic kidney disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 484, 506 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051436" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D001024_8", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Aortic Stenosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 602, 617 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001024" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D051436_9", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Chronic kidney disease" ], "offsets": [ [ 656, 678 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051436" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D051436_10", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CKD" ], "offsets": [ [ 680, 683 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051436" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D003643_11", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mortality" ], "offsets": [ [ 741, 750 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D051436_12", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CKD" ], "offsets": [ [ 791, 794 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051436" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D051436_13", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CKD" ], "offsets": [ [ 857, 860 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051436" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 877, 885 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D000783_15", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "vascular damage" ], "offsets": [ [ 974, 989 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000783" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D001022_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "paravalvular regurgitation" ], "offsets": [ [ 1012, 1038 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D001022" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D003643_17", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mortality" ], "offsets": [ [ 1075, 1084 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D003643_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mortality" ], "offsets": [ [ 1126, 1135 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D020521_19", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "stroke" ], "offsets": [ [ 1229, 1235 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D020521" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D058186_20", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "acute kidney injury" ], "offsets": [ [ 1241, 1260 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D058186" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_9606_21", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1274, 1282 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D003643_22", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mortality" ], "offsets": [ [ 1329, 1338 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D051436_23", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CKD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1540, 1543 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051436" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D003643_24", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "mortality" ], "offsets": [ [ 1581, 1590 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D003643" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_9606_25", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1630, 1638 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D058186_26", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "acute kidney injury" ], "offsets": [ [ 1718, 1737 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D058186" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D051436_27", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "CKD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1789, 1792 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D051436" } ] }, { "id": "27130249_MESH:D058186_28", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "kidney injury" ], "offsets": [ [ 1873, 1886 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D058186" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "18461779_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Analytical Methods Workgroup report." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 36 ] ] }, { "id": "18461779_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 37, 37 ] ] } ]

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[ { "id": "26013441_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Anti-inflammatory effects of flap and lymph node transfer." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 58 ] ] }, { "id": "26013441_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Transfer of healthy tissue is commonly used in the treatment of complicated wounds and in reconstruction of tissue defects. Recently, microvascular lymph node transfer (LN) has been used to improve the lymphatic function in lymphedema patients. To elucidate the biological effects of flap transfer (with and without lymph nodes), we have studied the postoperative production of proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory, prolymphangiogenic and antilymphangiogenic cytokines, and growth factors (interleukin 1alpha [IL-1alpha], IL-1beta, tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha], IL-10, transforming growth factor beta1 [TGF-beta1], IL-4 and IL-13, and vascular endothelial growth factor C [VEGF-C] and VEGF-D) in postoperative wound exudate samples. METHODS: Axillary wound exudate samples were analyzed from four patient groups: axillary lymph node dissection (ALND), microvascular breast reconstruction (BR), LN, and combined LN and BR (LN-BR). RESULTS: The concentration of proinflammatory cytokines was low in all the flap transfer groups as opposed to the ALND group, which showed an extensive proinflammatory response. The level of anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic cytokine IL-10 was increased in the LN-BR group samples compared with the ALND and BR groups. In the LN and LN-BR groups, the cytokine profile showed an anti-inflammatory response. CONCLUSIONS: Transfer of healthy tissue hinders the proinflammatory response after surgery, which may explain the beneficial effects of flap transfer in various patient groups. In addition, flap transfer with lymph nodes seems to also promote an antifibrotic effect. The clinical effects of LN in lymphedema patients may be mediated by the increased production of prolymphangiogenic growth factor (VEGF-C) and antifibrotic cytokine (IL-10)." ], "offsets": [ [ 59, 1857 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "26013441_MESH:D008209_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lymphedema" ], "offsets": [ [ 295, 305 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008209" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 306, 314 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_3552_2", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "interleukin 1alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 559, 577 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3552" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_3552_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IL-1alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 579, 588 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3552" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_3552_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IL-1beta" ], "offsets": [ [ 591, 599 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3552" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_7124_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "tumor necrosis factor alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 601, 628 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7124" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_7124_6", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "TNF-alpha" ], "offsets": [ [ 630, 639 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7124" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_3586_7", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IL-10" ], "offsets": [ [ 642, 647 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3586" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_7040_8", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "transforming growth factor beta1" ], "offsets": [ [ 649, 681 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7040" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_7040_9", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "TGF-beta1" ], "offsets": [ [ 683, 692 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7040" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_3565_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IL-4" ], "offsets": [ [ 695, 699 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3565" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_3596_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IL-13" ], "offsets": [ [ 704, 709 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3596" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_7424_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "vascular endothelial growth factor C" ], "offsets": [ [ 715, 751 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7424" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_7424_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "VEGF-C" ], "offsets": [ [ 753, 759 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7424" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_2277_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "VEGF-D" ], "offsets": [ [ 765, 771 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "2277" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_9606_15", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 877, 884 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_3586_16", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IL-10" ], "offsets": [ [ 1245, 1250 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3586" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_9606_17", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patient" ], "offsets": [ [ 1578, 1585 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_MESH:D008209_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "lymphedema" ], "offsets": [ [ 1714, 1724 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D008209" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_9606_19", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1725, 1733 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_7424_20", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "VEGF-C" ], "offsets": [ [ 1815, 1821 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "7424" } ] }, { "id": "26013441_3586_21", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "IL-10" ], "offsets": [ [ 1850, 1855 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3586" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "7928015_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Work factors and stress: a critical review." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 43 ] ] }, { "id": "7928015_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Occupational stress research encompasses a very large and diversified field, yet the areas sometimes remain relatively distinct. In this review of the literature the authors shows that there have been numerous studies and conceptualizations of the effects of negative work factors on stress, but very few have placed the experience of stress in a comprehensive framework. Psychological approaches are presented and critically appraised as having several drawbacks, while it is argued that sociological approaches are essential to explaining the context of occupational stress. Labor process studies are closest to providing a comprehensive framework for understanding the causes and consequences of stress at work. The author develops an approach for extending labor process analysis to incorporate the effects on stress of management's control over work at a number of different levels of analysis, not only point of production activities." ], "offsets": [ [ 44, 984 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "7928015_MESH:D000073397_0", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Occupational stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 44, 63 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000073397" } ] }, { "id": "7928015_MESH:D000073397_1", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "occupational stress" ], "offsets": [ [ 600, 619 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D000073397" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "34429247_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "GRP78 expression and prognostic significance in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant therapy versus surgery first." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 149 ] ] }, { "id": "34429247_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "BACKGROUND: Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) plays an essential role in protein folding, transportation, and degradation, thus regulates ER homeostasis and promotes cell survival, proliferation and invasion. GRP78 expression in PDAC patients who received neoadjuvant therapy has not been reported. METHODS: This retrospective study of resected PDAC patients included 125 patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) and 140 patients treated with surgery first (SF). The expression of GRP78 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays and the results were correlated with clinicopathologic parameters and survival. RESULTS: GRP78 expression was higher in SF patients compared to NAT patients (P < 0.001). In SF cohort, the median disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) for patients with GRP78-positive tumors were 11.2 months and 25.0 months, respectively, compared to DFS of 52.1 months (P = 0.008) and OS of 69.5 months (P = 0.02) for those with GRP78-negative tumors. GRP78 expression correlated with higher frequency of recurrent/metastasis (P = 0.045). In NAT cohort, GRP78 expression correlated with shorter OS (P = 0.03), but not DFS (P = 0.08). GRP78 expression was an independent prognosticator for both DFS (P = 0.02) and OS (P = 0.049) in SF cohort and was an independent prognosticator for OS (P = 0.03), but not for DFS (P = 0.06) in NAT cohort by multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Our study showed that GRP78 expression in NAT cohort is lower than that in SF cohort. GRP78 expression correlated with shorter survival in both SF and NAT patients. Our findings suggest that targeting GRP78 may help to improve the prognosis in PDAC patients." ], "offsets": [ [ 150, 1842 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "34429247_3309_0", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GRP78" ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 5 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3309" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_9606_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 48, 56 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_MESH:D021441_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma" ], "offsets": [ [ 62, 94 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D021441" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_3309_3", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "Glucose-regulated protein 78" ], "offsets": [ [ 162, 190 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3309" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_3309_4", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GRP78" ], "offsets": [ [ 192, 197 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3309" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_3309_5", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GRP78" ], "offsets": [ [ 362, 367 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3309" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_9606_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 387, 395 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_9606_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 503, 511 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_9606_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 525, 533 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_9606_9", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 581, 589 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_3309_10", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GRP78" ], "offsets": [ [ 641, 646 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3309" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_3309_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GRP78" ], "offsets": [ [ 796, 801 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3309" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_9606_12", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 830, 838 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_9606_13", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 855, 863 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_9606_14", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 960, 968 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_3309_15", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GRP78" ], "offsets": [ [ 974, 979 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3309" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_MESH:D009369_16", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 989, 995 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_3309_17", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GRP78" ], "offsets": [ [ 1135, 1140 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3309" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_MESH:D009369_18", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "tumors" ], "offsets": [ [ 1150, 1156 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009369" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_3309_19", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GRP78" ], "offsets": [ [ 1158, 1163 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3309" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_3309_20", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GRP78" ], "offsets": [ [ 1260, 1265 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3309" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_3309_21", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GRP78" ], "offsets": [ [ 1340, 1345 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3309" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_3309_22", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GRP78" ], "offsets": [ [ 1606, 1611 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3309" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_3309_23", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GRP78" ], "offsets": [ [ 1670, 1675 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3309" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_9606_24", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1739, 1747 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_3309_25", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "GRP78" ], "offsets": [ [ 1785, 1790 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "3309" } ] }, { "id": "34429247_9606_26", "type": "Species", "text": [ "patients" ], "offsets": [ [ 1833, 1841 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9606" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "31384352_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "Effects of nicotine on markers of bone turnover in ovariectomized rats." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 71 ] ] }, { "id": "31384352_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "Introduction: Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and density, as well as change in microarchitecture of bone tissue leading to decreased bone strength. In vitro research shows nicotine can increase osteoblast activity and proliferation, also suppress osteoclast activity. Therefore we explore nicotine anti-resorptive property by in vivo true experimental and randomized posttest only controlled group research that was conducted in 18-20 weeks old Rattus norvegicus. Methods: Twenty-five female rats were divided into five groups, with 5 rats per group. The first group represented normal rats (Sham), while the second to fifth group underwent bilateral ovariectomy. The second group serves as positive control group (ovariectomy-only/OVX). The third to fifth group serve as dose 1 (P1-0.25mg/kg), dose 2 (P2-0.5 mg/kg), and Dose 3 (P3-0.75 mg/kg) treatment group receiving daily per-oral nicotine for 28 days, started 3 weeks post- ovariectomy. After 28 days treatment, the serum was checked. Results: Nicotine has dose-dependent manner on serum osteocalcin and serum DPD level. Level of osteocalcin in P2 group was significantly lower (Mann-Whitney, p = 0.008) compared to OVX group (59.4% lower). Level of DPD in all group was not significantly different (ANOVA, p < 0.05) but shows lowest level in P2 group. For serum calcitonin level, there's no significant different between groups. Conclusion: Nicotine at right low-dose might be able to inhibit osteoclast activity, thus open a possibility of anti-resorptive property of nicotine." ], "offsets": [ [ 72, 1623 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "31384352_MESH:D009538_0", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nicotine" ], "offsets": [ [ 11, 19 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009538" } ] }, { "id": "31384352_10116_1", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 66, 70 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "31384352_MESH:D010024_2", "type": "Disease", "text": [ "Osteoporosis" ], "offsets": [ [ 86, 98 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D010024" } ] }, { "id": "31384352_MESH:D009538_3", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nicotine" ], "offsets": [ [ 260, 268 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009538" } ] }, { "id": "31384352_MESH:D009538_4", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nicotine" ], "offsets": [ [ 377, 385 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009538" } ] }, { "id": "31384352_10116_5", "type": "Species", "text": [ "Rattus norvegicus" ], "offsets": [ [ 533, 550 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "31384352_10116_6", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 580, 584 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "31384352_10116_7", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 623, 627 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "31384352_10116_8", "type": "Species", "text": [ "rats" ], "offsets": [ [ 674, 678 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "10116" } ] }, { "id": "31384352_MESH:D009538_9", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nicotine" ], "offsets": [ [ 974, 982 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009538" } ] }, { "id": "31384352_MESH:D009538_10", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Nicotine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1088, 1096 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009538" } ] }, { "id": "31384352_25295_11", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "osteocalcin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1132, 1143 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "25295" } ] }, { "id": "31384352_81656_12", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "DPD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1154, 1157 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "81656" } ] }, { "id": "31384352_25295_13", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "osteocalcin" ], "offsets": [ [ 1174, 1185 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "25295" } ] }, { "id": "31384352_81656_14", "type": "Gene", "text": [ "DPD" ], "offsets": [ [ 1294, 1297 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_gene", "db_id": "81656" } ] }, { "id": "31384352_MESH:D009538_15", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "Nicotine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1486, 1494 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009538" } ] }, { "id": "31384352_MESH:D009538_16", "type": "Chemical", "text": [ "nicotine" ], "offsets": [ [ 1614, 1622 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "mesh", "db_id": "MESH:D009538" } ] } ]

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[ { "id": "4232265_title", "type": "title", "text": [ "[Somatosensory evoked potentials in the newborn baboon]." ], "offsets": [ [ 0, 56 ] ] }, { "id": "4232265_abstract", "type": "abstract", "text": [ "" ], "offsets": [ [ 57, 57 ] ] } ]

[ { "id": "4232265_9555_0", "type": "Species", "text": [ "baboon" ], "offsets": [ [ 48, 54 ] ], "normalized": [ { "db_name": "ncbi_taxon", "db_id": "9555" } ] } ]

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