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[ "Francis Kwame Nkrumah (21 September 1909 – 27 April 1972) was a Ghanaian politician, political theorist, and revolutionary. He was the first Prime Minister and President of Ghana, having led the Gold Coast to independence from Britain in 1957. An influential advocate of Pan-Africanism, Nkrumah was a founding member of the Organization of African Unity and winner of the Lenin Peace Prize from the Soviet Union in 1962.After twelve years abroad pursuing higher education, developing his political philosophy, and organizing with other diasporic pan-Africanists, Nkrumah returned to the Gold Coast to begin his political career as an advocate of national independence. He formed the Convention People's", "an advocate of national independence. He formed the Convention People's Party, which achieved rapid success through its unprecedented appeal to the common voter. He became Prime Minister in 1952 and retained the position when Ghana declared independence from Britain in 1957. In 1960, Ghanaians approved a new constitution and elected Nkrumah President.His administration was primarily socialist as well as nationalist. It funded national industrial and energy projects, developed a strong national education system and promoted a pan-Africanist culture. Under Nkrumah, Ghana played a leading role in African international relations during the decolonization period.Nkrumah's government became authoritarian in the 1960's, as he repressed political opposition and conducted", "welcomed traveling orators, and especially Nkrumah himself, to mass rallies across the Gold Coast.\"According to a public speech delivered by Prof. Oquaye, he claimed a meeting occurred in Saltpond, a town in the Central region, between Nkrumah and the members of UGCC where Nkrumah was said to have rejected a proposal for the promotion of fundamental human rights.\n\nConvention People's Party\nBeginning in April 1949, there was considerable pressure on Nkrumah from his supporters to leave the UGCC and form his own party. On 12 June 1949, he announced the formation of the Convention People's Party (CPP), with the word \"convention\" chosen, according to", "to those from four years before, and on 3 August the assembly voted for independence under the name Nkrumah had proposed in April, Ghana. In September, the Colonial Office announced independence day would be 6 March 1957.The opposition was not satisfied with the plan for independence, and demanded that power be devolved to the regions. Discussions took place through late 1956 and into 1957. Although Nkrumah did not compromise on his insistence on a unitary state, the nation was divided into five regions, with power devolved from Accra, and the chiefs having a role in their governments. On 21 February 1957, the British prime minister, Harold Macmillan, announced that", "where he was named honorary co-president.\n\nEarly life and education\nGold Coast\nKwame Nkrumah was born on 21 September 1909 in Nkroful, Gold Coast (now Ghana)). Nkroful was a small village in the Nzema area, in the southwest of the Gold Coast, close to the frontier with the French colony of the Ivory Coast. His father did not live with the family, but worked in Half Assini where he pursued his goldsmith business until his death. Kwame Nkrumah was raised by his mother and his extended family, who lived together traditionally and had more distant relatives often visiting. He lived a carefree childhood, spent in the village, in the", "used for national symbolism and mass patriotic rallies.Under Nkrumah's leadership, Ghana adopted some social democratic policies and practices. Nkrumah created a welfare system, started various community programs, and established schools.\n\nGhana's leader (1957–1966)\nPolitical developments and presidential election\nNkrumah had only a short honeymoon before there was unrest among his country's people. The government deployed troops to Togo-land to quell unrest following a disputed plebiscite on membership in the new country. A serious bus strike in Accra stemmed from resentments among the Ga people, who believed members of other tribes were getting preferential treatment in government promotion, and this led to riots there in August.", "until much later.\n\nLeader of Government Business and Prime Minister\nNkrumah faced several challenges as he assumed office. He had never served in government, and needed to learn that art. The Gold Coast was composed of four regions, several former colonies amalgamated into one. Nkrumah sought to unite them under one nationality, and bring the country to independence. Key to meeting the challenges was convincing the British that the CPP's programmes were not only practical, but inevitable, and Nkrumah and Arden-Clarke worked closely together. The governor instructed the civil service to give the fledgling government full support, and the three British members of the cabinet took care not to vote", "hesitated but realized that the UGCC was controlled by conservative interests and noted that the new post could open huge political opportunities for him and accepted. After being questioned by British officials about his communist affiliations, Nkrumah boarded the MV Accra at Liverpool in November 1947 for the voyage home.After brief stops in Sierra Leone, Liberia, and the Ivory Coast, he arrived in the Gold Coast where he briefly stayed and reunited with his mother in Tarkwa. He began work at the party's headquarters in Saltpond on 29 December 1947 where he worked as a general secretary. Nkrumah quickly submitted plans for branches of the UGCC to be established", "in government promotion, and this led to riots there in August. Nkrumah's response was to repress local movements by the Avoidance of Discrimination Act (6 December 1957), which banned regional or tribal-based political parties. Another strike at tribalism fell in Ashanti, where Nkrumah and the CPP got most local chiefs who were not party supporters destooled. These repressive actions concerned the opposition parties, who came together to form the United Party under Kofi Abrefa Busia.In 1958, an opposition MP was arrested on charges of trying to obtain arms abroad for a planned infiltration of the Ghana Army (GA). Nkrumah was convinced there had been", "February 1957, the British prime minister, Harold Macmillan, announced that Ghana would be a full member of the Commonwealth of Nations with effect from 6 March.\n\nGhanaian independence\nGhana became independent on 6 March 1957 as the Dominion of Ghana. As the first of Britain's African colonies to gain majority-rule independence, the celebrations in Accra were the focus of world attention; over 100 reporters and photographers covered the events. United States President Dwight D. Eisenhower sent congratulations and his vice president, Richard Nixon, to represent the U.S. at the event. The Soviet delegation urged Nkrumah to visit Moscow as soon as possible. Political scientist Ralph Bunche, an African American, was" ]

[ "What year did this CPP movement occur?", "This CPP movement was happening around June 12, 1949.", "What did Kwame Nkrumah do upon his return to the Gold Coast?", "After twelve years abroad pursuing higher education, Kwame Nkrumah returned to the Gold Coast to begin his political career as an advocate of national independence.", "What happened after Kwame Nkrumah returned to the Golden Coast?", "Kwame Nkrumah formed the Convention People's Party, which achieved rapid success through its unprecedented appeal to the common voter.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "Kwame Nkrumah became Prime Minister in 1952 and retained this position when Ghana declared independence from Britain in 1957." ]

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[ "as possible. Political scientist Ralph Bunche, an African American, was there for the United Nations, while the Duchess of Kent represented Queen Elizabeth II. Offers of assistance poured in from across the world. Even without them, the country seemed prosperous, with cocoa prices high and the potential of new resource development.As the fifth of March turned to the sixth, Nkrumah stood before tens of thousands of supporters and proclaimed, \"Ghana will be free forever.\" He spoke at the first session of the Ghana Parliament that Independence Day, telling his new country's citizens that \"we have a duty to prove to the world that Africans can conduct their own affairs with" ]

[ "Francis Kwame Nkrumah (21 September 1909 – 27 April 1972) was a Ghanaian politician, political theorist, and revolutionary. He was the first Prime Minister and President of Ghana, having led the Gold Coast to independence from Britain in 1957. An influential advocate of Pan-Africanism, Nkrumah was a founding member of the Organization of African Unity and winner of the Lenin Peace Prize from the Soviet Union in 1962.After twelve years abroad pursuing higher education, developing his political philosophy, and organizing with other diasporic pan-Africanists, Nkrumah returned to the Gold Coast to begin his political career as an advocate of national independence. He formed the Convention People's", "an advocate of national independence. He formed the Convention People's Party, which achieved rapid success through its unprecedented appeal to the common voter. He became Prime Minister in 1952 and retained the position when Ghana declared independence from Britain in 1957. In 1960, Ghanaians approved a new constitution and elected Nkrumah President.His administration was primarily socialist as well as nationalist. It funded national industrial and energy projects, developed a strong national education system and promoted a pan-Africanist culture. Under Nkrumah, Ghana played a leading role in African international relations during the decolonization period.Nkrumah's government became authoritarian in the 1960's, as he repressed political opposition and conducted", "to those from four years before, and on 3 August the assembly voted for independence under the name Nkrumah had proposed in April, Ghana. In September, the Colonial Office announced independence day would be 6 March 1957.The opposition was not satisfied with the plan for independence, and demanded that power be devolved to the regions. Discussions took place through late 1956 and into 1957. Although Nkrumah did not compromise on his insistence on a unitary state, the nation was divided into five regions, with power devolved from Accra, and the chiefs having a role in their governments. On 21 February 1957, the British prime minister, Harold Macmillan, announced that", "welcomed traveling orators, and especially Nkrumah himself, to mass rallies across the Gold Coast.\"According to a public speech delivered by Prof. Oquaye, he claimed a meeting occurred in Saltpond, a town in the Central region, between Nkrumah and the members of UGCC where Nkrumah was said to have rejected a proposal for the promotion of fundamental human rights.\n\nConvention People's Party\nBeginning in April 1949, there was considerable pressure on Nkrumah from his supporters to leave the UGCC and form his own party. On 12 June 1949, he announced the formation of the Convention People's Party (CPP), with the word \"convention\" chosen, according to", "where he was named honorary co-president.\n\nEarly life and education\nGold Coast\nKwame Nkrumah was born on 21 September 1909 in Nkroful, Gold Coast (now Ghana)). Nkroful was a small village in the Nzema area, in the southwest of the Gold Coast, close to the frontier with the French colony of the Ivory Coast. His father did not live with the family, but worked in Half Assini where he pursued his goldsmith business until his death. Kwame Nkrumah was raised by his mother and his extended family, who lived together traditionally and had more distant relatives often visiting. He lived a carefree childhood, spent in the village, in the", "used for national symbolism and mass patriotic rallies.Under Nkrumah's leadership, Ghana adopted some social democratic policies and practices. Nkrumah created a welfare system, started various community programs, and established schools.\n\nGhana's leader (1957–1966)\nPolitical developments and presidential election\nNkrumah had only a short honeymoon before there was unrest among his country's people. The government deployed troops to Togo-land to quell unrest following a disputed plebiscite on membership in the new country. A serious bus strike in Accra stemmed from resentments among the Ga people, who believed members of other tribes were getting preferential treatment in government promotion, and this led to riots there in August.", "as possible. Political scientist Ralph Bunche, an African American, was there for the United Nations, while the Duchess of Kent represented Queen Elizabeth II. Offers of assistance poured in from across the world. Even without them, the country seemed prosperous, with cocoa prices high and the potential of new resource development.As the fifth of March turned to the sixth, Nkrumah stood before tens of thousands of supporters and proclaimed, \"Ghana will be free forever.\" He spoke at the first session of the Ghana Parliament that Independence Day, telling his new country's citizens that \"we have a duty to prove to the world that Africans can conduct their own affairs with", "in government promotion, and this led to riots there in August. Nkrumah's response was to repress local movements by the Avoidance of Discrimination Act (6 December 1957), which banned regional or tribal-based political parties. Another strike at tribalism fell in Ashanti, where Nkrumah and the CPP got most local chiefs who were not party supporters destooled. These repressive actions concerned the opposition parties, who came together to form the United Party under Kofi Abrefa Busia.In 1958, an opposition MP was arrested on charges of trying to obtain arms abroad for a planned infiltration of the Ghana Army (GA). Nkrumah was convinced there had been", "in the 1960's, as he repressed political opposition and conducted elections that were not free and fair. In 1964, a constitutional amendment made Ghana a one-party state, with Nkrumah as president for life of both the nation and its party. He fostered a personality cult, forming ideological institutes and adopting the title of 'Osagyefo Dr.', while adorning currency with his images. Nkrumah was deposed in 1966 by the National Liberation Council in a coup d'état, under whose supervision the country's economy was liberalized. Nkrumah lived the rest of his life in Guinea, where he was named honorary co-president.\n\nEarly life and education\nGold", "hesitated but realized that the UGCC was controlled by conservative interests and noted that the new post could open huge political opportunities for him and accepted. After being questioned by British officials about his communist affiliations, Nkrumah boarded the MV Accra at Liverpool in November 1947 for the voyage home.After brief stops in Sierra Leone, Liberia, and the Ivory Coast, he arrived in the Gold Coast where he briefly stayed and reunited with his mother in Tarkwa. He began work at the party's headquarters in Saltpond on 29 December 1947 where he worked as a general secretary. Nkrumah quickly submitted plans for branches of the UGCC to be established" ]

[ "What year did this CPP movement occur?", "This CPP movement was happening around June 12, 1949.", "What did Kwame Nkrumah do upon his return to the Gold Coast?", "After twelve years abroad pursuing higher education, Kwame Nkrumah returned to the Gold Coast to begin his political career as an advocate of national independence.", "What happened after Kwame Nkrumah returned to the Golden Coast?", "Kwame Nkrumah formed the Convention People's Party, which achieved rapid success through its unprecedented appeal to the common voter.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "Kwame Nkrumah became Prime Minister in 1952 and retained this position when Ghana declared independence from Britain in 1957.", "What did Kwame Nkrumah say to tens of thousands of supporters?", "As the fifth of March turned to the sixth, Kwame Nkrumah stood before tens of thousands of supporters and proclaimed, Ghana will be free forever.“", "What did Kwame Nkrumah speech about Ghana's independence lead to?", "Kwame Nkrumah was hailed as the Osagyefo." ]

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[ "to the world that Africans can conduct their own affairs with efficiency and tolerance and through the exercise of democracy. We must set an example to all Africa.\"Nkrumah was hailed as the Osagyefo – which means \"redeemer\" in the Akan language. This independence ceremony included the Duchess of Kent and Governor General Charles Arden-Clarke. With more than 600 reporters in attendance, Ghanaian independence became one of the most internationally reported news events in modern African history.The flag of Ghana designed by Theodosia Okoh, inverting Ethiopia's green-yellow-red Lion of Judah flag and replacing the lion with a black star. Red symbolizes bloodshed; green stands for" ]

[ "Scott Weiland's son Noah Weiland on vocals. Slash promoted the band on his social media accounts.\n\nPhilanthropy\nSlash is an honorary board member of Little Kids Rock, a national nonprofit that works to restore and rejuvenate music education programs in disadvantaged public schools. He has visited Little Kids Rock students, jammed with them, and donated instruments and his time. Slash's passion for music is evident in his charity as well as his art. \"Being a musician is good for the character because it teaches you a lot about discipline\", Slash said. \"I think it's a great creative outlet.\"Slash has been recognized for his longtime contributions to establishing environmental welfare", "musicians contributed their own pieces which transformed it into a full-length album. Sun City was one of the first musical collaborations among major recording stars to support a political cause rather than a social cause. The album raised over $1 million in support of anti-apartheid efforts. The primary goal of the album and foundation was to draw attention to South Africa's racist policy of apartheid and to support a cultural boycott of the country.Van Zandt was a part of the 1989 charity single, \"Spirit of the Forest\", dedicated to saving rain forests.Later in his career, Van Zandt worked to raise awareness about the U.S. military interference in governments of", "Is in July 2008. Mayer appeared on Songs for Tibet: The Art of Peace, a celebrity initiative to support Tibet and the 14th Dalai Lama, Tenzin Gyatso. Mayer (along with Keith Urban) headlined Tiger Jam 2011 in Las Vegas to help raise around $750,000 for the Tiger Woods Foundation. In January 2013, Mayer participated with Zac Brown in a benefit concert in Bozeman, Montana where they raised more than $100,000 for firefighters who battled a wildfire in the summer of 2012 in Paradise Valley that destroyed 12,000 acres.On March 1, 2019, John Mayer established the Heart and Armor Foundation in support of veterans of war. John has", "special EP with new tracks recorded especially for the project. Both the music and the book will raise further funds for aid groups in Africa.\nHanson also joined the 9th annual Independent Music Awards judging panel to assist independent musicians' careers.\n\nMembers\nIsaac Hanson\nClarke Isaac Hanson was born on (1980-11-17)November 17, 1980, in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He is the eldest of the three brothers in Hanson, and was eleven when the band started in 1992. He sings both backing and lead vocals and plays electric and acoustic guitar, as well as the piano, bass and the synthesizer. Isaac married Nikki Dufresne on September 30, 2006, in Tulsa at the Philbrook Museum", "were swift to condemn the attacks and called \"upon Muslim Americans to come forward with their skills and resources to help alleviate the sufferings of the affected people and their families\". These organizations included the Islamic Society of North America, American Muslim Alliance, American Muslim Council, Council on American-Islamic Relations, Islamic Circle of North America, and the Shari'a Scholars Association of North America. Along with monetary donations, many Islamic organizations launched blood drives and provided medical assistance, food, and shelter for victims.\n\nInterfaith efforts\nCuriosity about Islam increased after the attacks. As a result, many mosques and Islamic centers began holding open houses and participating in outreach efforts to educate", "revealed he had been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease.\n\nCurrent members\nOriginal band partners\nSource:\nRobert Lamm – keyboards, lead vocals (1967–present)\nLee Loughnane – trumpet, flugelhorn, backing vocals (1967–present)\nJames Pankow – trombone, backing vocals (1967–present)\n\nContracted band members\nSource:\nWalfredo Reyes Jr. – drums (2018–present); percussion (2012–2018)\nRay Herrmann – saxophones, flute, clarinet, backing vocals (2016-present; touring substitute 2005–2016)\nNeil Donell – lead vocals, acoustic guitar (2018–present)\nRamon \"Ray\" Yslas – percussion (2018–present)\nTony Obrohta – guitar, backing vocals (2021–present; touring substitute November 2021)\nLoren Gold – keyboards, vocals (2022–present; touring substitute August–September 2021, touring member January–March", "in and around the actual vocals and becomes a part of the story of the song.\" In a separate interview that same year, Lee Loughnane echoed Pankow's remarks.\n\nPhilanthropy\nChicago has supported numerous charitable causes throughout the years. \nIn the 2010s the group had an ongoing partnership with the American Cancer Society. Fans were given the opportunity to bid to sing their song, \"If You Leave Me Now\" with them on stage during their live performances. The proceeds went to the American Cancer Society to fund the Society's efforts to fight breast cancer.The group gave a benefit performance for Musicians on Call, on Sunday April 23, 2023, held at the Hard", "fundraising in the areas of health care, education, the arts and talent development. The foundation auctions exclusive John Mayer items, such as guitar picks, T-shirts and signed CDs. The auctions have been successful, with some tickets selling for more than 17 times their face value.Mayer participated at the East Rutherford, New Jersey, location of the Live Earth project, a musical rally to support awareness for climate change held July 7, 2007.Mayer performed at a number of benefits and telethons for charity throughout his career. He has participated in benefits for the Elton John AIDS Foundation. In response to the Virginia Tech shooting, Mayer (along with Dave Matthews Band,", "sold 189,000 copies during its first week of release and debuted at number one simultaneously, giving the band their ninth number one DVD. Both stayed at number one for two consecutive weeks, becoming the first DVD and Blu-ray to reach number one for two weeks, since the official Blu-ray charts started in Japan in 2008. It was certified Platinum during its second week. After they disbanded, they sent the farewell messages to their fans.\n\nMembers\nMasahiro Nakai\nTakuya Kimura\nGoro Inagaki\nTsuyoshi Kusanagi\nShingo Katori\nKatsuyuki Mori\n\nOther ventures\nPhilanthropy\nSMAP was heavily involved in philanthropic activities. They have actively offered philanthropic support especially to the victims and regions affected by the 2011", "festival in August 2018. Founder/CEO Pat Gesualdo thanked them \"for the decades of hard work and dedication to heavy metal, an art form they helped establish.\" The band then stated that their induction \"also sends a great message of inclusion for the metal community around the world, and keeps us defending the metal faith together.\" In May 2022, it was announced that the band were to be among the 2022 inductee class for the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as the recipients of the committee selected \"Award for Musical Excellence\". Despite finally being inducted, many outlets, including Metal Sucks and Loudwire, were critical of the band being inducted" ]

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[ "support especially to the victims and regions affected by the 2011 Tohoku earthquake and tsunami and the 2016 Kumamoto earthquakes. On August 26 and 27, 1995, SMAP hosted NTV's annual telethon, 24 Hour Television, and raised 1.1 billion yen. On August 27 and 28, 2005, Kusanagi and Katori hosted the 24 Hour Television, again, and raised one billion yen.\nIn 2011, after the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami, they bought a 30-second television commercial block in their weekly television program, SMAP×SMAP, to air a commercial on the information about the Japanese Red Cross Society and a message from the band members encouraging people to donate. Rather" ]

[ "in the first three months after the attacks. The economic effects were mainly on the economy's export sectors. The city's GDP was estimated to have declined by $27.3 billion for the last three months of 2001 and all of 2002. The U.S. government provided $11.2 billion in immediate assistance to the Government of New York City in September 2001, and $10.5 billion in early 2002 for economic development and infrastructure needs.Also hurt were small businesses in Lower Manhattan near the World Trade Center (18,000 of which were destroyed or displaced), resulting in lost jobs and their consequent wages. Assistance was provided by Small Business Administration loans; federal", "The Pentagon. In August 2023, it was reported that the Biden Administration is considering a plea deal that would eliminate the death penalty. Khalid Sheikh Mohammed was arrested on March 1, 2003, in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, by Pakistani security officials working with the CIA. He was then held at multiple CIA secret prisons and Guantanamo Bay, where he was interrogated and tortured with methods including waterboarding. During U.S. hearings at Guantanamo Bay in March 2007, Mohammed again confessed his responsibility for the attacks, stating he \"was responsible for the 9/11 operation from A to Z\" and that his statement was not made under duress. In 2003, Mustafa", "and laughed easily, was \"a fine wit\" and \"wholly enjoyable conversationalist\".The US Department of the Treasury warned Fischer before the start of the match that his participation was illegal, that it would violate President George H. W. Bush's Executive Order 12810 imposing United Nations Security Council Resolution 757 sanctions against engaging in economic activities in Yugoslavia. In response, during the first scheduled press conference on September 1, 1992, in front of the international press, Fischer spat on the US order, saying \"this is my reply\". His violation of the order led US Federal officials to initiate a warrant for his arrest upon completion of the match, citing, in", "on April 14—at the peak of their popularity and following a world tour, At the Drive-In broke up, initially referring to the split as an \"indefinite hiatus\". The band played their last show at Groningen's Vera venue on February 21, 2001. A combination of excessive hype, relentless touring, artistic differences, and Rodríguez-López and Bixler-Zavala's drug habits contributed to the demise of the band. Commenting on the hiatus, guitarist Rodríguez-López said: \"After a non-stop six-year cycle of record/tour/record/tour, we are going on an indefinite hiatus. We need time to rest up and re-evaluate, just to be human beings again and to decide", "and other stakeholders had the opportunity to express their views. Initially skeptical of Nkrumah's socialist policies, Britain's MI5 had compiled large amounts of intelligence on Nkrumah through several sources, including tapping phones and mail interception under the code name of SWIFT. Beginning in October 1952, Nkrumah sought opinions from councils and from political parties on reform, and consulted widely across the country, including with opposition groups. The result the following year was a White Paper on a new constitution, seen as a final step before independence. Published in June 1953, the constitutional proposals were accepted both by the assembly and by the British, and came into force in April", "On 3 December 1926, the pair quarrelled after Archie announced his plan to spend the weekend with friends, unaccompanied by his wife. Late that evening, Christie disappeared from their home in Sunningdale. The following morning, her car, a Morris Cowley, was discovered at Newlands Corner in Surrey, parked above a chalk quarry with an expired driving licence and clothes inside. It was feared that she may have drowned herself in the Silent Pool, a nearby beauty spot.The disappearance quickly became a news story, as the press sought to satisfy their readers' \"hunger for sensation, disaster, and scandal\".: 224  Home Secretary William Joynson-Hicks pressured police, and a", "examined why the buildings collapsed and what fire protection measures were in place, and evaluated how fire protection systems might be improved in future construction. The investigation into the collapse of 1 WTC and 2 WTC was concluded in October 2005 and that of 7 WTC was completed in August 2008.NIST found that the fireproofing on the Twin Towers' steel infrastructures was blown off by the initial impact of the planes and that had this not occurred, the towers likely would have remained standing. A 2007 study of the north tower's collapse published by researchers of Purdue University determined that since the plane's impact had stripped off much of the", "He also received an Honorary Doctorate of Humane Letters from Academy of Art University in 2021.\nOn November 12, 2022, Leno suffered \"serious burns\" to his face and hands when a vehicle at his Los Angeles garage burst into flames. As part of the treatment, he received a \"new ear\". On January 17, 2023, he sustained multiple broken bones after falling off a motorcycle.\n\nCharity\nIn 2001, he and his wife donated $100,000 to the Feminist Majority Foundation's campaign to stop gender apartheid in Afghanistan, to educate the public regarding the plight of women in Afghanistan under Taliban rule. Mavis Leno is on the board of the Feminist Majority.In", "the FBI and CIA to use available information, including about terrorists the CIA knew were in the United States, in order to disrupt the plots. The joint inquiry developed its information about possible involvement of Saudi Arabian government officials from non-classified sources. Nevertheless, the Bush administration demanded 28 related pages remain classified. In December 2002, the inquiry's chair Bob Graham (D-FL) revealed in an interview that there was \"evidence that there were foreign governments involved in facilitating the activities of at least some of the terrorists in the United States\". September 11 victim families were frustrated by the unanswered questions and redacted material from the congressional inquiry and demanded", "the agreement was made in February 2020 for American and NATO troops to withdraw from the country, and the last members of the U.S. armed forces left the region on August 30, 2021, resulting in the return to power of the Taliban. \nNot including the hijackers, the attacks killed 2,977 people, injured thousands more and gave rise to substantial long-term health consequences while also causing at least $10 billion in infrastructure and property damage. It remains the deadliest terrorist act in human history as well as the single deadliest incident for both firefighters and law enforcement personnel in the history of the United States, causing the deaths of 343 and" ]

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[ "Hanson is an American pop rock band from Tulsa, Oklahoma, formed by brothers Isaac Hanson (guitar, vocals, bass, piano), Taylor Hanson (keyboards, vocals, percussion), and Zac Hanson (drums, vocals, piano). Supporting members include Dimitrius Collins (guitar) and Andrew Perusi (bass), who have toured and performed live with the band since 2007.\nHanson are best known for the 1997 hit song \"MMMBop\" from their debut album released through Mercury/Polygram Records, entitled Middle of Nowhere, which earned three Grammy nominations. At the time of the music video the boys were 16, 14 and 11 years old. The group's label Mercury Records was merged with its sister" ]

[ "Hanson is an American pop rock band from Tulsa, Oklahoma, formed by brothers Isaac Hanson (guitar, vocals, bass, piano), Taylor Hanson (keyboards, vocals, percussion), and Zac Hanson (drums, vocals, piano). Supporting members include Dimitrius Collins (guitar) and Andrew Perusi (bass), who have toured and performed live with the band since 2007.\nHanson are best known for the 1997 hit song \"MMMBop\" from their debut album released through Mercury/Polygram Records, entitled Middle of Nowhere, which earned three Grammy nominations. At the time of the music video the boys were 16, 14 and 11 years old. The group's label Mercury Records was merged with its sister", "shopped them to several record companies, most of which dismissed the band as a novelty before Steve Greenberg, an A&R representative for Mercury Records, heard them play a set at the Wisconsin State Fair. After this performance, they were signed almost immediately by Mercury. They soon became a worldwide sensation with the release of their first major-label album, Middle of Nowhere, which was produced by Stephen Lironi and the Dust Brothers.\n\n1997–2000: commercial success\nMiddle of Nowhere was released in the US on May 6, 1997, selling 10 million copies worldwide. May 6 was declared 'Hanson Day' in Tulsa by Oklahoma's then-governor Frank Keating. Although 'Hanson Day' was", "the album also peaked at number 5 on the US Independent Albums chart. The first single is titled \"Get the Girl Back\", which was released on April 9, 2013. The single charted at number 39 on the Billboard Adult Pop Songs.On October 23, 2013, Hanson served as guest judges on the popular show Cupcake Wars. Four cupcake bakers fought to the finish for the chance at having their cupcakes at a concert and an after party with the band, and a $10,000 prize.On March 16, 2017, Hanson announced their 25th anniversary tour called \"Middle of Everywhere: 25th Anniversary Tour\" to celebrate the band's first signed album release.\nHanson", "by Oklahoma's then-governor Frank Keating. Although 'Hanson Day' was originally intended to be a one-time occurrence, many Hanson fans all over the world still recognize May 6 as Hanson Day every year. Hanson's popularity exploded during the summer of 1997, and Mercury Records released Hanson's first documentary Tulsa, Tokyo, and the Middle of Nowhere and their Christmas album Snowed In in the wake of their success. Hanson also launched MOE (which stood for Middle of Everywhere), a fan club magazine that ran for 12 issues. After numerous unauthorized biographies of each of the brothers were published, Hanson turned to their close friend, Jarrod Gollihare of Admiral Twin,", "demoed what became the songs for their second major studio album, This Time Around. During this time period, Mercury Records, the band's label, had been merged with Island Def Jam. In May 2000, Hanson released their second album, This Time Around, but due to lack of promotional funding, sales were low and the label eventually pulled funding for their tour. The band toured the Americas through the summer and fall of 2000 on their own funds.\n\n2001–2005: independent career\nAfter a three-year struggle, the brothers left Island Def Jam Records to seek more creative freedom. Label executives had refused over 80 songs from the band, believing new material lacked marketability.", "they would play five consecutive concerts at New York's Gramercy Theater. Each concert featured one of the band's four previous albums in its entirety, and the premiere of their upcoming Spring 2010 release. Dubbed 'Five of Five', the engagement began with a performance of Hanson's major label debut, Middle of Nowhere, on April 26, 2010 and then moved onto 2000's This Time Around on April 27, 2004's Underneath followed on April 28 with 2007's The Walk on April 29. On April 30, the band unveiled their new album, Shout It Out. The concert series was also streamed live on band's official website, Hanson.net, and included an", "cast of others in the beefcake fun video.Hanson set out on a world tour from June to November 2022.The brothers were featured in the July 18, 2022, issue of People discussing their career thus far, family commitments, and being on the road. The article also showcased photos of their individual family members.On May 26, 2023, English band Busted released a cover version of \"MMMBop\" in collaboration with Hanson, titled \"MMMBop 2.0\".\n\nOther projects and appearances\nHanson occasionally host a song writing retreat known as Fools Banquet (sporadically between 2004 and 2015), where they invite musician friends to spend a week collaborating on writing and recording new songs.", "their musical careers as pianists, but Isaac eventually started playing guitar and Zac started playing drums, while Taylor continued as the keyboard player. The band recorded two independent albums in their hometown of Tulsa, Boomerang (recorded in autumn 1994, released in 1995) and MMMBop (released in 1996). The latter featured the original version of the song \"MMMBop\", which later became the runaway single on their debut commercial record Middle of Nowhere. The band played in Austin during the South By Southwest music festival in Austin, Texas, which led to them being signed by manager Christopher Sabec. He shopped them to several record companies, most of which dismissed the", "80 songs from the band, believing new material lacked marketability. The documentary film Strong Enough to Break follows these events.\nHanson now records for their own independent label, 3CG Records. The label has distribution deals through Alternative Distribution Alliance in the United States, Cooking Vinyl in Europe, Sony Music in Asia and with various other distributors throughout the world. During the dispute with their former label, Hanson signed with the management company, 10th Street Entertainment, which also manages artists such as Meat Loaf and Blondie.The band's Underneath Acoustic tour took place during the Summer and Fall of 2003 across the US, with one show in Canada and one in the UK." ]

[ "What happened to Hanson in 1997?", "Hanson are best known for the 1997 hit song MMMBop from their debut album released through Mercury/Polygram Records, entitled Middle of Nowhere, which earned three Grammy nominations." ]

[ "The group's label Mercury Records was merged with its sister labels and the band were moved to Island Def Jam Music Group. After releasing one album on Island Def Jam, the label and the group parted ways. Hanson have sold over 16 million records worldwide and have had three top 20 albums in the United States. They have had three top 20 US Hot 100 singles and eight UK top 40 singles. The band now records under their own independent record label, 3CG Records.\n\nHistory\n1992–1996: early years\nIn the early to mid-1990s, Isaac, Taylor, and Zac sang a cappella and recorded such classic songs as \"Rockin' Robin\", \"Splish Splash\"," ]

[ "The group's label Mercury Records was merged with its sister labels and the band were moved to Island Def Jam Music Group. After releasing one album on Island Def Jam, the label and the group parted ways. Hanson have sold over 16 million records worldwide and have had three top 20 albums in the United States. They have had three top 20 US Hot 100 singles and eight UK top 40 singles. The band now records under their own independent record label, 3CG Records.\n\nHistory\n1992–1996: early years\nIn the early to mid-1990s, Isaac, Taylor, and Zac sang a cappella and recorded such classic songs as \"Rockin' Robin\", \"Splish Splash\"," ]

[ "Hanson is an American pop rock band from Tulsa, Oklahoma, formed by brothers Isaac Hanson (guitar, vocals, bass, piano), Taylor Hanson (keyboards, vocals, percussion), and Zac Hanson (drums, vocals, piano). Supporting members include Dimitrius Collins (guitar) and Andrew Perusi (bass), who have toured and performed live with the band since 2007.\nHanson are best known for the 1997 hit song \"MMMBop\" from their debut album released through Mercury/Polygram Records, entitled Middle of Nowhere, which earned three Grammy nominations. At the time of the music video the boys were 16, 14 and 11 years old. The group's label Mercury Records was merged with its sister" ]

[ "What happened to Hanson in 1997?", "Hanson are best known for the 1997 hit song MMMBop from their debut album released through Mercury/Polygram Records, entitled Middle of Nowhere, which earned three Grammy nominations.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "Hanson has sold over 16 million records worldwide and have had three Top 20 albums in the US." ]

[ "shopped them to several record companies, most of which dismissed the band as a novelty before Steve Greenberg, an A&R representative for Mercury Records, heard them play a set at the Wisconsin State Fair. After this performance, they were signed almost immediately by Mercury. They soon became a worldwide sensation with the release of their first major-label album, Middle of Nowhere, which was produced by Stephen Lironi and the Dust Brothers.\n\n1997–2000: commercial success\nMiddle of Nowhere was released in the US on May 6, 1997, selling 10 million copies worldwide. May 6 was declared 'Hanson Day' in Tulsa by Oklahoma's then-governor Frank Keating. Although 'Hanson Day' was", "by Oklahoma's then-governor Frank Keating. Although 'Hanson Day' was originally intended to be a one-time occurrence, many Hanson fans all over the world still recognize May 6 as Hanson Day every year. Hanson's popularity exploded during the summer of 1997, and Mercury Records released Hanson's first documentary Tulsa, Tokyo, and the Middle of Nowhere and their Christmas album Snowed In in the wake of their success. Hanson also launched MOE (which stood for Middle of Everywhere), a fan club magazine that ran for 12 issues. After numerous unauthorized biographies of each of the brothers were published, Hanson turned to their close friend, Jarrod Gollihare of Admiral Twin,", "the album also peaked at number 5 on the US Independent Albums chart. The first single is titled \"Get the Girl Back\", which was released on April 9, 2013. The single charted at number 39 on the Billboard Adult Pop Songs.On October 23, 2013, Hanson served as guest judges on the popular show Cupcake Wars. Four cupcake bakers fought to the finish for the chance at having their cupcakes at a concert and an after party with the band, and a $10,000 prize.On March 16, 2017, Hanson announced their 25th anniversary tour called \"Middle of Everywhere: 25th Anniversary Tour\" to celebrate the band's first signed album release.\nHanson", "demoed what became the songs for their second major studio album, This Time Around. During this time period, Mercury Records, the band's label, had been merged with Island Def Jam. In May 2000, Hanson released their second album, This Time Around, but due to lack of promotional funding, sales were low and the label eventually pulled funding for their tour. The band toured the Americas through the summer and fall of 2000 on their own funds.\n\n2001–2005: independent career\nAfter a three-year struggle, the brothers left Island Def Jam Records to seek more creative freedom. Label executives had refused over 80 songs from the band, believing new material lacked marketability.", "they would play five consecutive concerts at New York's Gramercy Theater. Each concert featured one of the band's four previous albums in its entirety, and the premiere of their upcoming Spring 2010 release. Dubbed 'Five of Five', the engagement began with a performance of Hanson's major label debut, Middle of Nowhere, on April 26, 2010 and then moved onto 2000's This Time Around on April 27, 2004's Underneath followed on April 28 with 2007's The Walk on April 29. On April 30, the band unveiled their new album, Shout It Out. The concert series was also streamed live on band's official website, Hanson.net, and included an", "cast of others in the beefcake fun video.Hanson set out on a world tour from June to November 2022.The brothers were featured in the July 18, 2022, issue of People discussing their career thus far, family commitments, and being on the road. The article also showcased photos of their individual family members.On May 26, 2023, English band Busted released a cover version of \"MMMBop\" in collaboration with Hanson, titled \"MMMBop 2.0\".\n\nOther projects and appearances\nHanson occasionally host a song writing retreat known as Fools Banquet (sporadically between 2004 and 2015), where they invite musician friends to spend a week collaborating on writing and recording new songs.", "The group's label Mercury Records was merged with its sister labels and the band were moved to Island Def Jam Music Group. After releasing one album on Island Def Jam, the label and the group parted ways. Hanson have sold over 16 million records worldwide and have had three top 20 albums in the United States. They have had three top 20 US Hot 100 singles and eight UK top 40 singles. The band now records under their own independent record label, 3CG Records.\n\nHistory\n1992–1996: early years\nIn the early to mid-1990s, Isaac, Taylor, and Zac sang a cappella and recorded such classic songs as \"Rockin' Robin\", \"Splish Splash\",", "raise money and awareness of AIDS/HIV in Africa. The band partnered with Tom's Shoes to give shoes to children in Africa.In support of The Walk album, the band toured extensively throughout 2007-2008, predominantly in the US, with some shows in Canada, the UK, and Ireland. The tours were called The Walk Tour, and The Walk Around the World Tour.On May 6, 2007, the 10th anniversary of Hanson Day, the band re-recorded their first major label album, Middle Of Nowhere, at The Blank Slate bar in their hometown of Tulsa, Oklahoma. The band invited fan club members to attend, causing hundreds to fly to Oklahoma for the acoustic", "their musical careers as pianists, but Isaac eventually started playing guitar and Zac started playing drums, while Taylor continued as the keyboard player. The band recorded two independent albums in their hometown of Tulsa, Boomerang (recorded in autumn 1994, released in 1995) and MMMBop (released in 1996). The latter featured the original version of the song \"MMMBop\", which later became the runaway single on their debut commercial record Middle of Nowhere. The band played in Austin during the South By Southwest music festival in Austin, Texas, which led to them being signed by manager Christopher Sabec. He shopped them to several record companies, most of which dismissed the" ]

[ "shopped them to several record companies, most of which dismissed the band as a novelty before Steve Greenberg, an A&R representative for Mercury Records, heard them play a set at the Wisconsin State Fair. After this performance, they were signed almost immediately by Mercury. They soon became a worldwide sensation with the release of their first major-label album, Middle of Nowhere, which was produced by Stephen Lironi and the Dust Brothers.\n\n1997–2000: commercial success\nMiddle of Nowhere was released in the US on May 6, 1997, selling 10 million copies worldwide. May 6 was declared 'Hanson Day' in Tulsa by Oklahoma's then-governor Frank Keating. Although 'Hanson Day' was" ]

[ "Hanson is an American pop rock band from Tulsa, Oklahoma, formed by brothers Isaac Hanson (guitar, vocals, bass, piano), Taylor Hanson (keyboards, vocals, percussion), and Zac Hanson (drums, vocals, piano). Supporting members include Dimitrius Collins (guitar) and Andrew Perusi (bass), who have toured and performed live with the band since 2007.\nHanson are best known for the 1997 hit song \"MMMBop\" from their debut album released through Mercury/Polygram Records, entitled Middle of Nowhere, which earned three Grammy nominations. At the time of the music video the boys were 16, 14 and 11 years old. The group's label Mercury Records was merged with its sister", "shopped them to several record companies, most of which dismissed the band as a novelty before Steve Greenberg, an A&R representative for Mercury Records, heard them play a set at the Wisconsin State Fair. After this performance, they were signed almost immediately by Mercury. They soon became a worldwide sensation with the release of their first major-label album, Middle of Nowhere, which was produced by Stephen Lironi and the Dust Brothers.\n\n1997–2000: commercial success\nMiddle of Nowhere was released in the US on May 6, 1997, selling 10 million copies worldwide. May 6 was declared 'Hanson Day' in Tulsa by Oklahoma's then-governor Frank Keating. Although 'Hanson Day' was", "by Oklahoma's then-governor Frank Keating. Although 'Hanson Day' was originally intended to be a one-time occurrence, many Hanson fans all over the world still recognize May 6 as Hanson Day every year. Hanson's popularity exploded during the summer of 1997, and Mercury Records released Hanson's first documentary Tulsa, Tokyo, and the Middle of Nowhere and their Christmas album Snowed In in the wake of their success. Hanson also launched MOE (which stood for Middle of Everywhere), a fan club magazine that ran for 12 issues. After numerous unauthorized biographies of each of the brothers were published, Hanson turned to their close friend, Jarrod Gollihare of Admiral Twin,", "the album also peaked at number 5 on the US Independent Albums chart. The first single is titled \"Get the Girl Back\", which was released on April 9, 2013. The single charted at number 39 on the Billboard Adult Pop Songs.On October 23, 2013, Hanson served as guest judges on the popular show Cupcake Wars. Four cupcake bakers fought to the finish for the chance at having their cupcakes at a concert and an after party with the band, and a $10,000 prize.On March 16, 2017, Hanson announced their 25th anniversary tour called \"Middle of Everywhere: 25th Anniversary Tour\" to celebrate the band's first signed album release.\nHanson", "they would play five consecutive concerts at New York's Gramercy Theater. Each concert featured one of the band's four previous albums in its entirety, and the premiere of their upcoming Spring 2010 release. Dubbed 'Five of Five', the engagement began with a performance of Hanson's major label debut, Middle of Nowhere, on April 26, 2010 and then moved onto 2000's This Time Around on April 27, 2004's Underneath followed on April 28 with 2007's The Walk on April 29. On April 30, the band unveiled their new album, Shout It Out. The concert series was also streamed live on band's official website, Hanson.net, and included an", "raise money and awareness of AIDS/HIV in Africa. The band partnered with Tom's Shoes to give shoes to children in Africa.In support of The Walk album, the band toured extensively throughout 2007-2008, predominantly in the US, with some shows in Canada, the UK, and Ireland. The tours were called The Walk Tour, and The Walk Around the World Tour.On May 6, 2007, the 10th anniversary of Hanson Day, the band re-recorded their first major label album, Middle Of Nowhere, at The Blank Slate bar in their hometown of Tulsa, Oklahoma. The band invited fan club members to attend, causing hundreds to fly to Oklahoma for the acoustic", "their musical careers as pianists, but Isaac eventually started playing guitar and Zac started playing drums, while Taylor continued as the keyboard player. The band recorded two independent albums in their hometown of Tulsa, Boomerang (recorded in autumn 1994, released in 1995) and MMMBop (released in 1996). The latter featured the original version of the song \"MMMBop\", which later became the runaway single on their debut commercial record Middle of Nowhere. The band played in Austin during the South By Southwest music festival in Austin, Texas, which led to them being signed by manager Christopher Sabec. He shopped them to several record companies, most of which dismissed the", "demoed what became the songs for their second major studio album, This Time Around. During this time period, Mercury Records, the band's label, had been merged with Island Def Jam. In May 2000, Hanson released their second album, This Time Around, but due to lack of promotional funding, sales were low and the label eventually pulled funding for their tour. The band toured the Americas through the summer and fall of 2000 on their own funds.\n\n2001–2005: independent career\nAfter a three-year struggle, the brothers left Island Def Jam Records to seek more creative freedom. Label executives had refused over 80 songs from the band, believing new material lacked marketability.", "cast of others in the beefcake fun video.Hanson set out on a world tour from June to November 2022.The brothers were featured in the July 18, 2022, issue of People discussing their career thus far, family commitments, and being on the road. The article also showcased photos of their individual family members.On May 26, 2023, English band Busted released a cover version of \"MMMBop\" in collaboration with Hanson, titled \"MMMBop 2.0\".\n\nOther projects and appearances\nHanson occasionally host a song writing retreat known as Fools Banquet (sporadically between 2004 and 2015), where they invite musician friends to spend a week collaborating on writing and recording new songs.", "The group's label Mercury Records was merged with its sister labels and the band were moved to Island Def Jam Music Group. After releasing one album on Island Def Jam, the label and the group parted ways. Hanson have sold over 16 million records worldwide and have had three top 20 albums in the United States. They have had three top 20 US Hot 100 singles and eight UK top 40 singles. The band now records under their own independent record label, 3CG Records.\n\nHistory\n1992–1996: early years\nIn the early to mid-1990s, Isaac, Taylor, and Zac sang a cappella and recorded such classic songs as \"Rockin' Robin\", \"Splish Splash\"," ]

[ "What happened to Hanson in 1997?", "Hanson are best known for the 1997 hit song MMMBop from their debut album released through Mercury/Polygram Records, entitled Middle of Nowhere, which earned three Grammy nominations.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "Hanson has sold over 16 million records worldwide and have had three Top 20 albums in the US.", "What happened on Hanson Day?", "Middle of Nowhere was released in the US on May 6, 1997, selling 10 million copies worldwide. May 6 was declared 'Hanson Day' by Oklahoma's then-governor Frank Keating." ]

[]

[ "is a week long destination concert event for fans that is held annually at a resort in Jamaica. During BTTI, attendees have the opportunity to participate in exclusive events with each member of the band, obtain exclusive merchandise, plus see the band give live performances.In early 2009, Taylor Hanson launched a separate project including members of Smashing Pumpkins, Fountains of Wayne and Cheap Trick called Tinted Windows, a power pop quartet whose debut album quickly earned critical praise and repeat airplay on leading syndicated FM radio programs.\nHanson was the musical guest at the Tulsa stop of The Legally Prohibited from Being Funny on Television Tour starring Conan O'Brien on May 15," ]

[ "Hanson is an American pop rock band from Tulsa, Oklahoma, formed by brothers Isaac Hanson (guitar, vocals, bass, piano), Taylor Hanson (keyboards, vocals, percussion), and Zac Hanson (drums, vocals, piano). Supporting members include Dimitrius Collins (guitar) and Andrew Perusi (bass), who have toured and performed live with the band since 2007.\nHanson are best known for the 1997 hit song \"MMMBop\" from their debut album released through Mercury/Polygram Records, entitled Middle of Nowhere, which earned three Grammy nominations. At the time of the music video the boys were 16, 14 and 11 years old. The group's label Mercury Records was merged with its sister", "shopped them to several record companies, most of which dismissed the band as a novelty before Steve Greenberg, an A&R representative for Mercury Records, heard them play a set at the Wisconsin State Fair. After this performance, they were signed almost immediately by Mercury. They soon became a worldwide sensation with the release of their first major-label album, Middle of Nowhere, which was produced by Stephen Lironi and the Dust Brothers.\n\n1997–2000: commercial success\nMiddle of Nowhere was released in the US on May 6, 1997, selling 10 million copies worldwide. May 6 was declared 'Hanson Day' in Tulsa by Oklahoma's then-governor Frank Keating. Although 'Hanson Day' was", "by Oklahoma's then-governor Frank Keating. Although 'Hanson Day' was originally intended to be a one-time occurrence, many Hanson fans all over the world still recognize May 6 as Hanson Day every year. Hanson's popularity exploded during the summer of 1997, and Mercury Records released Hanson's first documentary Tulsa, Tokyo, and the Middle of Nowhere and their Christmas album Snowed In in the wake of their success. Hanson also launched MOE (which stood for Middle of Everywhere), a fan club magazine that ran for 12 issues. After numerous unauthorized biographies of each of the brothers were published, Hanson turned to their close friend, Jarrod Gollihare of Admiral Twin,", "the album also peaked at number 5 on the US Independent Albums chart. The first single is titled \"Get the Girl Back\", which was released on April 9, 2013. The single charted at number 39 on the Billboard Adult Pop Songs.On October 23, 2013, Hanson served as guest judges on the popular show Cupcake Wars. Four cupcake bakers fought to the finish for the chance at having their cupcakes at a concert and an after party with the band, and a $10,000 prize.On March 16, 2017, Hanson announced their 25th anniversary tour called \"Middle of Everywhere: 25th Anniversary Tour\" to celebrate the band's first signed album release.\nHanson", "they would play five consecutive concerts at New York's Gramercy Theater. Each concert featured one of the band's four previous albums in its entirety, and the premiere of their upcoming Spring 2010 release. Dubbed 'Five of Five', the engagement began with a performance of Hanson's major label debut, Middle of Nowhere, on April 26, 2010 and then moved onto 2000's This Time Around on April 27, 2004's Underneath followed on April 28 with 2007's The Walk on April 29. On April 30, the band unveiled their new album, Shout It Out. The concert series was also streamed live on band's official website, Hanson.net, and included an", "raise money and awareness of AIDS/HIV in Africa. The band partnered with Tom's Shoes to give shoes to children in Africa.In support of The Walk album, the band toured extensively throughout 2007-2008, predominantly in the US, with some shows in Canada, the UK, and Ireland. The tours were called The Walk Tour, and The Walk Around the World Tour.On May 6, 2007, the 10th anniversary of Hanson Day, the band re-recorded their first major label album, Middle Of Nowhere, at The Blank Slate bar in their hometown of Tulsa, Oklahoma. The band invited fan club members to attend, causing hundreds to fly to Oklahoma for the acoustic", "their musical careers as pianists, but Isaac eventually started playing guitar and Zac started playing drums, while Taylor continued as the keyboard player. The band recorded two independent albums in their hometown of Tulsa, Boomerang (recorded in autumn 1994, released in 1995) and MMMBop (released in 1996). The latter featured the original version of the song \"MMMBop\", which later became the runaway single on their debut commercial record Middle of Nowhere. The band played in Austin during the South By Southwest music festival in Austin, Texas, which led to them being signed by manager Christopher Sabec. He shopped them to several record companies, most of which dismissed the", "demoed what became the songs for their second major studio album, This Time Around. During this time period, Mercury Records, the band's label, had been merged with Island Def Jam. In May 2000, Hanson released their second album, This Time Around, but due to lack of promotional funding, sales were low and the label eventually pulled funding for their tour. The band toured the Americas through the summer and fall of 2000 on their own funds.\n\n2001–2005: independent career\nAfter a three-year struggle, the brothers left Island Def Jam Records to seek more creative freedom. Label executives had refused over 80 songs from the band, believing new material lacked marketability.", "The group's label Mercury Records was merged with its sister labels and the band were moved to Island Def Jam Music Group. After releasing one album on Island Def Jam, the label and the group parted ways. Hanson have sold over 16 million records worldwide and have had three top 20 albums in the United States. They have had three top 20 US Hot 100 singles and eight UK top 40 singles. The band now records under their own independent record label, 3CG Records.\n\nHistory\n1992–1996: early years\nIn the early to mid-1990s, Isaac, Taylor, and Zac sang a cappella and recorded such classic songs as \"Rockin' Robin\", \"Splish Splash\",", "cast of others in the beefcake fun video.Hanson set out on a world tour from June to November 2022.The brothers were featured in the July 18, 2022, issue of People discussing their career thus far, family commitments, and being on the road. The article also showcased photos of their individual family members.On May 26, 2023, English band Busted released a cover version of \"MMMBop\" in collaboration with Hanson, titled \"MMMBop 2.0\".\n\nOther projects and appearances\nHanson occasionally host a song writing retreat known as Fools Banquet (sporadically between 2004 and 2015), where they invite musician friends to spend a week collaborating on writing and recording new songs." ]

[ "What happened to Hanson in 1997?", "Hanson are best known for the 1997 hit song MMMBop from their debut album released through Mercury/Polygram Records, entitled Middle of Nowhere, which earned three Grammy nominations.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "Hanson has sold over 16 million records worldwide and have had three Top 20 albums in the US.", "What happened on Hanson Day?", "Middle of Nowhere was released in the US on May 6, 1997, selling 10 million copies worldwide. May 6 was declared 'Hanson Day' by Oklahoma's then-governor Frank Keating.", "What was Taylor Hanson's greatest achievement?", "Taylor Hanson launched a separate project including members of Smashing Pumpkins, Fountains of Wayne and Cheap Trick called Tinted Windows.", "What came of Taylor Hanson's project with other bands?", "The debut album quickly earned critical praise and repeat airplay on leading syndicated FM radio programs." ]

[]

[ "Midwest and East Coast dates March through May 2008.Hanson embarked on the \"Walk Around the World Tour\" starting on September 7, 2008, in Portland, Oregon, and ending November 16, 2008, in San Diego, California. Once again Hanson continued to help fight poverty in Africa by continuing their 1-mile (1.6 km) walks before the shows. A coffee table book titled \"Take the Walk\" was released in late 2008 to coincide with their \"Walk Around the World Tour\". This book presents the band's story behind their inspiration for their fight on poverty in Africa. The book also features a special EP with new tracks recorded especially for the project. Both" ]

[ "he joined the glam metal band Hollywood Rose, then in 1985 he joined Guns N' Roses (which was composed of former members of Hollywood Rose and L.A. Guns), replacing founding member Tracii Guns.\nIn 1994, amid growing tensions within Guns N' Roses, Slash formed the supergroup Slash's Snakepit, and in 1996 he left Guns N' Roses. In 2002, he co-founded the supergroup Velvet Revolver with vocalist Scott Weiland, which re-established Slash as a mainstream performer in the mid to late 2000s. Slash has released five solo albums: Slash (2010), Apocalyptic Love (2012), World on Fire (2014), Living the Dream (2018) and 4", "Paul (2007). Surviving Guns N' Roses, Velvet Revolver and Rock's Snakepit. Independent Music Press. ISBN 978-1-78606-419-6.\n\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nSlash discography at Discogs\nSlash at IMDb", "Saul Hudson (born July 23, 1965), known professionally as Slash, is a British-American musician who serves as the lead guitarist of the hard rock band Guns N' Roses, with whom he achieved worldwide success in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Slash has received critical acclaim and is considered one of the greatest guitarists of all time.Born in Hampstead, London, Slash moved to Los Angeles with his father when he was five years old. His parents were both active in the entertainment industry, and he was given the nickname \"Slash\" as a child by actor Seymour Cassel. In 1983 he joined the glam metal band Hollywood Rose, then in 1985", "demos, and was reportedly due to make a decision on their singer. However, the following April, Slash stated that they had been unable to find a suitable singer and that Velvet Revolver would remain on hiatus for the next few years while its members focus on other projects.\n\n2009–present: \"Slash featuring Myles Kennedy and The Conspirators\"\nIn September 2008, Slash began production on his debut solo album. He described the process of recording by himself as \"cathartic\". He also mentioned working on the album gave him a chance to \"...take a little bit of a break from all the politics and the democracy that is a band and just sort", "album, Appetite for Destruction. He used that guitar on every subsequent album he recorded with Guns N' Roses and Velvet Revolver. For many years, his main live guitar was a 1988 Gibson Les Paul Standard.\n\nSince 1997, Slash has collaborated with Gibson on seventeen signature Les Paul models‍—‌five through Gibson USA; seven through the Gibson Custom Shop; and five through the Gibson subsidiary Epiphone. Slash also plays various other Gibson guitars, including Firebirds and Explorers. He also plays or has played guitars by a plethora of other brands, including B.C. Rich with whom he has designed several custom models based on their Mockingbird and Bich designs. He has", "Eventually, former Stone Temple Pilots vocalist Scott Weiland joined the band.\nIn 2003, Velvet Revolver played several concerts during the summer and released their first single, \"Set Me Free\". In June 2004, they released their debut album, Contraband, which debuted at No. 1 on the U.S. chart and sold two million copies, re-establishing Slash as a mainstream performer. A year-and-a-half-long tour followed in support of the album. In 2005, the band was nominated for three Grammy Awards: Rock Album of the Year, Rock Song, and Hard Rock Performance for their Contraband single \"Slither\" which won their first and only Grammy. In July 2007, Velvet Revolver", "sometimes accompanied his mother to work, where he met several film and music stars. He was given the nickname \"Slash\" by actor Seymour Cassel because he was \"always in a hurry, zipping around from one thing to another\".\n\nIn 1979, Slash decided to form a band with his friend Steven Adler. The band never materialized, but it prompted Slash to take up an instrument. Since Adler had designated himself the role of guitarist, Slash decided to learn how to play bass. During his first lesson, Slash decided to switch from bass to guitar after hearing Robert Wolin, a teacher at Fairfax Music School, play \"Brown Sugar\" by the Rolling Stones.", "with a 15-year-old girl named Michelle. Both went into hiding to avoid the police and the charges were dropped several weeks later due to lack of evidence. Slash was arrested in July 1999 for allegedly assaulting his then-girlfriend.\n\nAccolades\nSlash has received critical acclaim as a guitarist. In 2005, he was named \"Best Guitarist\" by Esquire, which congratulated him on \"beating the comeback odds with a surprisingly legitimate and vital outfit, Velvet Revolver.\" Slash was awarded the title of \"Riff Lord\" during Metal Hammer's fourth annual Golden Gods awards in 2007. In 2008, he was ranked No. 21 on Gigwise's list of \"The 50 Greatest Guitarists", "received a Radio Contraband Rock Radio Award in 2012. In January 2015 Slash received the Les Paul award.\n\nEquipment\nSlash owns more than 100 guitars, worth a total of $1.92 million. He prefers the Gibson Les Paul, which he has called \"the best all-around guitar for me.\" Gibson has credited him and Zakk Wylde with bringing the Les Paul back into the mainstream in the late 1980s. His main studio guitar is a 1959 Gibson Les Paul Standard replica, built by luthier Kris Derrig, which he came to own during the recording sessions for Guns N' Roses' debut album, Appetite for Destruction. He used that guitar on every subsequent", "to regroup Slash's Snakepit with Rod Jackson on vocals, Ryan Roxie on rhythm guitar, Johnny Griparic on bass, and Matt Laug on drums. Their second album, Ain't Life Grand, was released in October 2000 through Koch Records. It did not sell as well as the band's previous release, and its critical reception was mixed. To promote the album, the band—with Keri Kelli on rhythm guitar—embarked on an extensive world tour in support of AC/DC in the summer of 2000, followed by their own headlining theater tour. Slash disbanded Snakepit in 2002.\n\n2002–2008: Velvet Revolver\nIn 2002, Slash reunited with Duff McKagan and Matt Sorum for" ]

[ "What was Slash's role in Velvet Revolver?", "Slash helped form Velvet Revolver and played lead guitar for the group." ]

[]

[ "won their first and only Grammy. In July 2007, Velvet Revolver released their second album, Libertad, and embarked on a second tour. During a show in March 2008, Weiland announced to the audience that it would be the band's final tour; he was fired from the band in April 2008 and Slash insisted \"chemical issues\" led to the split. The following month Weiland rejoined Stone Temple Pilots. Despite Weiland's departure, Velvet Revolver did not officially disband.\nIn early 2010, Velvet Revolver began writing new songs and auditioning new singers. By January 2011, the band had recorded nine demos, and was reportedly due to make a decision on their" ]

[ "Eventually, former Stone Temple Pilots vocalist Scott Weiland joined the band.\nIn 2003, Velvet Revolver played several concerts during the summer and released their first single, \"Set Me Free\". In June 2004, they released their debut album, Contraband, which debuted at No. 1 on the U.S. chart and sold two million copies, re-establishing Slash as a mainstream performer. A year-and-a-half-long tour followed in support of the album. In 2005, the band was nominated for three Grammy Awards: Rock Album of the Year, Rock Song, and Hard Rock Performance for their Contraband single \"Slither\" which won their first and only Grammy. In July 2007, Velvet Revolver", "the amp so much that he tried to keep it, telling the rental company, S.I.R., that it had been stolen. However, the amp was repossessed by S.I.R. employees after a roadie accidentally brought it to rehearsals at the store. For the recording of Velvet Revolver's debut album, Contraband, he used a Vox AC30 amp and small Fender tube amps, and on their second album, Libertad, he used the Marshall \"Vintage Modern\" 2466 amp. On his eponymous debut solo album he used a Marshall JCM 800, issued as \"#34\", and later, on the subsequent world tour, Slash used his signature Marshall AFD100", "he joined the glam metal band Hollywood Rose, then in 1985 he joined Guns N' Roses (which was composed of former members of Hollywood Rose and L.A. Guns), replacing founding member Tracii Guns.\nIn 1994, amid growing tensions within Guns N' Roses, Slash formed the supergroup Slash's Snakepit, and in 1996 he left Guns N' Roses. In 2002, he co-founded the supergroup Velvet Revolver with vocalist Scott Weiland, which re-established Slash as a mainstream performer in the mid to late 2000s. Slash has released five solo albums: Slash (2010), Apocalyptic Love (2012), World on Fire (2014), Living the Dream (2018) and 4" ]

[ "What was Slash's role in Velvet Revolver?", "Slash helped form Velvet Revolver and played lead guitar for the group.", "Did Velvet Revolver put out any albums?", "Velvet Revolver put out two albums Contraband and Libertad.", "How did the Contraband do in the charts?", "A commercial success, Contraband debuted at number one on the American Billboard 200 chart and was certified double platinum by the RIAA.", "Did Velvet Revolver collaborate with anyone else on Contraband?", "Keith Nelson played on track 12 of Velvet Revolver's Contraband, Dirty Little Things.", "Did Velvet Revolver go on tour to support Contraband?", "Velvet Revolver toured extensively for nineteen months in support of Contraband." ]

[ "won their first and only Grammy. In July 2007, Velvet Revolver released their second album, Libertad, and embarked on a second tour. During a show in March 2008, Weiland announced to the audience that it would be the band's final tour; he was fired from the band in April 2008 and Slash insisted \"chemical issues\" led to the split. The following month Weiland rejoined Stone Temple Pilots. Despite Weiland's departure, Velvet Revolver did not officially disband.\nIn early 2010, Velvet Revolver began writing new songs and auditioning new singers. By January 2011, the band had recorded nine demos, and was reportedly due to make a decision on their", "to regroup Slash's Snakepit with Rod Jackson on vocals, Ryan Roxie on rhythm guitar, Johnny Griparic on bass, and Matt Laug on drums. Their second album, Ain't Life Grand, was released in October 2000 through Koch Records. It did not sell as well as the band's previous release, and its critical reception was mixed. To promote the album, the band—with Keri Kelli on rhythm guitar—embarked on an extensive world tour in support of AC/DC in the summer of 2000, followed by their own headlining theater tour. Slash disbanded Snakepit in 2002.\n\n2002–2008: Velvet Revolver\nIn 2002, Slash reunited with Duff McKagan and Matt Sorum for", "Paul (2007). Surviving Guns N' Roses, Velvet Revolver and Rock's Snakepit. Independent Music Press. ISBN 978-1-78606-419-6.\n\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nSlash discography at Discogs\nSlash at IMDb", "demos, and was reportedly due to make a decision on their singer. However, the following April, Slash stated that they had been unable to find a suitable singer and that Velvet Revolver would remain on hiatus for the next few years while its members focus on other projects.\n\n2009–present: \"Slash featuring Myles Kennedy and The Conspirators\"\nIn September 2008, Slash began production on his debut solo album. He described the process of recording by himself as \"cathartic\". He also mentioned working on the album gave him a chance to \"...take a little bit of a break from all the politics and the democracy that is a band and just sort", "with a 15-year-old girl named Michelle. Both went into hiding to avoid the police and the charges were dropped several weeks later due to lack of evidence. Slash was arrested in July 1999 for allegedly assaulting his then-girlfriend.\n\nAccolades\nSlash has received critical acclaim as a guitarist. In 2005, he was named \"Best Guitarist\" by Esquire, which congratulated him on \"beating the comeback odds with a surprisingly legitimate and vital outfit, Velvet Revolver.\" Slash was awarded the title of \"Riff Lord\" during Metal Hammer's fourth annual Golden Gods awards in 2007. In 2008, he was ranked No. 21 on Gigwise's list of \"The 50 Greatest Guitarists", "Saul Hudson (born July 23, 1965), known professionally as Slash, is a British-American musician who serves as the lead guitarist of the hard rock band Guns N' Roses, with whom he achieved worldwide success in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Slash has received critical acclaim and is considered one of the greatest guitarists of all time.Born in Hampstead, London, Slash moved to Los Angeles with his father when he was five years old. His parents were both active in the entertainment industry, and he was given the nickname \"Slash\" as a child by actor Seymour Cassel. In 1983 he joined the glam metal band Hollywood Rose, then in 1985", "album, Appetite for Destruction. He used that guitar on every subsequent album he recorded with Guns N' Roses and Velvet Revolver. For many years, his main live guitar was a 1988 Gibson Les Paul Standard.\n\nSince 1997, Slash has collaborated with Gibson on seventeen signature Les Paul models‍—‌five through Gibson USA; seven through the Gibson Custom Shop; and five through the Gibson subsidiary Epiphone. Slash also plays various other Gibson guitars, including Firebirds and Explorers. He also plays or has played guitars by a plethora of other brands, including B.C. Rich with whom he has designed several custom models based on their Mockingbird and Bich designs. He has" ]

[ "won their first and only Grammy. In July 2007, Velvet Revolver released their second album, Libertad, and embarked on a second tour. During a show in March 2008, Weiland announced to the audience that it would be the band's final tour; he was fired from the band in April 2008 and Slash insisted \"chemical issues\" led to the split. The following month Weiland rejoined Stone Temple Pilots. Despite Weiland's departure, Velvet Revolver did not officially disband.\nIn early 2010, Velvet Revolver began writing new songs and auditioning new singers. By January 2011, the band had recorded nine demos, and was reportedly due to make a decision on their" ]

[ "Eventually, former Stone Temple Pilots vocalist Scott Weiland joined the band.\nIn 2003, Velvet Revolver played several concerts during the summer and released their first single, \"Set Me Free\". In June 2004, they released their debut album, Contraband, which debuted at No. 1 on the U.S. chart and sold two million copies, re-establishing Slash as a mainstream performer. A year-and-a-half-long tour followed in support of the album. In 2005, the band was nominated for three Grammy Awards: Rock Album of the Year, Rock Song, and Hard Rock Performance for their Contraband single \"Slither\" which won their first and only Grammy. In July 2007, Velvet Revolver" ]

[ "What was Slash's role in Velvet Revolver?", "Slash helped form Velvet Revolver and played lead guitar for the group.", "Did Velvet Revolver put out any albums?", "Velvet Revolver put out two albums Contraband and Libertad.", "How did the Contraband do in the charts?", "A commercial success, Contraband debuted at number one on the American Billboard 200 chart and was certified double platinum by the RIAA.", "Did Velvet Revolver collaborate with anyone else on Contraband?", "Keith Nelson played on track 12 of Velvet Revolver's Contraband, Dirty Little Things.", "Did Velvet Revolver go on tour to support Contraband?", "Velvet Revolver toured extensively for nineteen months in support of Contraband.", "Is Velvet Revolver still together?", "The members of Velvet Revolver have joined other bands and are no longer working under the name Velvet Revolver.", "Did Velvet Revolver pursue any other projects while they were together?", "Not too much was produced after Libertad.", "Did Libertad do well in the charts?", "Libertad debuted at number five on the U.S. Billboard 200, selling 92,000 copies in its first week.", "Did Velvet Revolver ever lose any members?", "Velvet Revolver reunited with Weiland for a show on January 12, 2012. This proved to be their last performance together before Weiland's death on December 3, 2015." ]

[ "won their first and only Grammy. In July 2007, Velvet Revolver released their second album, Libertad, and embarked on a second tour. During a show in March 2008, Weiland announced to the audience that it would be the band's final tour; he was fired from the band in April 2008 and Slash insisted \"chemical issues\" led to the split. The following month Weiland rejoined Stone Temple Pilots. Despite Weiland's departure, Velvet Revolver did not officially disband.\nIn early 2010, Velvet Revolver began writing new songs and auditioning new singers. By January 2011, the band had recorded nine demos, and was reportedly due to make a decision on their", "he joined the glam metal band Hollywood Rose, then in 1985 he joined Guns N' Roses (which was composed of former members of Hollywood Rose and L.A. Guns), replacing founding member Tracii Guns.\nIn 1994, amid growing tensions within Guns N' Roses, Slash formed the supergroup Slash's Snakepit, and in 1996 he left Guns N' Roses. In 2002, he co-founded the supergroup Velvet Revolver with vocalist Scott Weiland, which re-established Slash as a mainstream performer in the mid to late 2000s. Slash has released five solo albums: Slash (2010), Apocalyptic Love (2012), World on Fire (2014), Living the Dream (2018) and 4", "the amp so much that he tried to keep it, telling the rental company, S.I.R., that it had been stolen. However, the amp was repossessed by S.I.R. employees after a roadie accidentally brought it to rehearsals at the store. For the recording of Velvet Revolver's debut album, Contraband, he used a Vox AC30 amp and small Fender tube amps, and on their second album, Libertad, he used the Marshall \"Vintage Modern\" 2466 amp. On his eponymous debut solo album he used a Marshall JCM 800, issued as \"#34\", and later, on the subsequent world tour, Slash used his signature Marshall AFD100", "demos, and was reportedly due to make a decision on their singer. However, the following April, Slash stated that they had been unable to find a suitable singer and that Velvet Revolver would remain on hiatus for the next few years while its members focus on other projects.\n\n2009–present: \"Slash featuring Myles Kennedy and The Conspirators\"\nIn September 2008, Slash began production on his debut solo album. He described the process of recording by himself as \"cathartic\". He also mentioned working on the album gave him a chance to \"...take a little bit of a break from all the politics and the democracy that is a band and just sort", "to regroup Slash's Snakepit with Rod Jackson on vocals, Ryan Roxie on rhythm guitar, Johnny Griparic on bass, and Matt Laug on drums. Their second album, Ain't Life Grand, was released in October 2000 through Koch Records. It did not sell as well as the band's previous release, and its critical reception was mixed. To promote the album, the band—with Keri Kelli on rhythm guitar—embarked on an extensive world tour in support of AC/DC in the summer of 2000, followed by their own headlining theater tour. Slash disbanded Snakepit in 2002.\n\n2002–2008: Velvet Revolver\nIn 2002, Slash reunited with Duff McKagan and Matt Sorum for", "with a 15-year-old girl named Michelle. Both went into hiding to avoid the police and the charges were dropped several weeks later due to lack of evidence. Slash was arrested in July 1999 for allegedly assaulting his then-girlfriend.\n\nAccolades\nSlash has received critical acclaim as a guitarist. In 2005, he was named \"Best Guitarist\" by Esquire, which congratulated him on \"beating the comeback odds with a surprisingly legitimate and vital outfit, Velvet Revolver.\" Slash was awarded the title of \"Riff Lord\" during Metal Hammer's fourth annual Golden Gods awards in 2007. In 2008, he was ranked No. 21 on Gigwise's list of \"The 50 Greatest Guitarists", "offer a truce. He alleged that Slash had insulted his Velvet Revolver bandmates, telling Rose that he considered Scott Weiland \"a fraud\", and Duff McKagan \"spineless\", and that he \"hated\" Matt Sorum. Slash denied the accusations. In his 2007 autobiography, he admitted to visiting Rose's home with the intention to settle a longstanding legal dispute, and to make peace with his former bandmate. He claims, however, that he did not speak with Rose and instead merely left a note. Slash maintained that he had not spoken with Rose in person since 1996. In 2009, in response to a statement by Rose in which he referred to Slash", "Paul (2007). Surviving Guns N' Roses, Velvet Revolver and Rock's Snakepit. Independent Music Press. ISBN 978-1-78606-419-6.\n\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nSlash discography at Discogs\nSlash at IMDb", "the material.With the band's failure to collaborate resulting in no album being recorded, Slash announced in October 1996 that he was no longer a part of Guns N' Roses. Slash stated at the time \"Axl and I have not been capable of seeing eye to eye on Guns N' Roses for some time. We tried to collaborate, but at this point, I'm no longer in the band.\" Paul Tobias's inclusion in the band was another factor in Slash leaving, with Slash having both \"creative and personal\" differences with Tobias. However, in his 2007 autobiography, Slash stated that his decision to leave the band was not based on artistic differences" ]

[ "won their first and only Grammy. In July 2007, Velvet Revolver released their second album, Libertad, and embarked on a second tour. During a show in March 2008, Weiland announced to the audience that it would be the band's final tour; he was fired from the band in April 2008 and Slash insisted \"chemical issues\" led to the split. The following month Weiland rejoined Stone Temple Pilots. Despite Weiland's departure, Velvet Revolver did not officially disband.\nIn early 2010, Velvet Revolver began writing new songs and auditioning new singers. By January 2011, the band had recorded nine demos, and was reportedly due to make a decision on their" ]

[ "where he proved an adept student. A German Roman Catholic priest by the name of George Fischer was said to have profoundly influenced his elementary school education. Although his mother, whose name was Elizabeth Nyanibah (1876/77–1979), later stated his year of birth as 1912, Nkrumah wrote that he was born on 21 September 1909. His mother hailed from Nsuaem and belonged to the Agona family. She was a fishmonger and petty trader when she married his father. Eight days after his birth, his father named him as Francis Nwia-Kofi after a relative but later his parents named him as Francis Kwame Ngolomah. He progressed through the", "portrayed himself as a miser who obliviously played his violin badly and claimed perpetually to be 39 years of age.\n\nEarly life\nBenny was born Benjamin Kubelsky in Chicago, Illinois, on February 14, 1894, and grew up in nearby Waukegan.: 6  He was the son of Jewish immigrants Meyer Kubelsky (1864–1946) and Naomi Emma Sachs Kubelsky (1869–1917). Meyer was a saloon owner and later a haberdasher who had emigrated to the United States of America from Poland. Emma had emigrated from Lithuania. At the age of 6, Benny began studying violin, an instrument that became his trademark; his parents hoped for him to become a professional violinist.", "On May 21, 2001, Marilyn Young gave birth to a daughter named Jinky Young, and claimed that Fischer was the child's father, a claim ultimately disproven by DNA after Fischer's death.\n\nComments on September 11 attacks\nShortly after midnight on September 12, 2001, Philippines local time (approximately four hours after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks in the US), Fischer was interviewed live by Pablo Mercado on the Baguio station of the Bombo Radyo network. Fischer stated that he was happy that the attacks had happened, while expressing his view on United States and Israeli foreign policy, saying, \"I applaud the act. Look, nobody gets ...", "(née Muir; 1911–1993), was born in Greenock, Scotland, and came to the United States at age 11. His father, Angelo (1910–1994), was an insurance salesman born in New York to immigrants from Flumeri, Campania, Italy. Leno grew up in Andover, Massachusetts and graduated from Andover High School. He obtained a bachelor's degree in speech therapy from Emerson College in Boston, where he started a comedy club in 1973. His older brother, Patrick (May 12, 1940 – October 6, 2002), was a Vietnam War veteran who became an attorney.\n\nCareer\nEarly career\nLeno made his first appearance on The Tonight Show on March 2, 1977, performing a", "born 2 April, with the first book establishing the year as 1967. He grows up with his parents in the city of Leicester; before moving to Ashby-de-la-Zouch in England's East Midlands. Adrian's family are largely unskilled working class/lower middle class. He is an only child until the age of 15, when his half-brother Brett and half-sister Rosie are born. Adrian is not gifted academically but does tolerably well at school, though he does sometimes suffer the ire of headmaster \"Pop-Eye\" Scruton. Though not especially popular he has a small circle of friends and even a girlfriend Pandora Braithwaite (whose parents Ivan and Tania", "born on June 22, 1964, in Exeter, New Hampshire. He has a younger sister, Valerie (born 1968) and brother, Gregory (born 1974). Brown attended Exeter's public schools until the ninth grade. He grew up on the campus of Phillips Exeter Academy, where his father, Richard G. Brown, was a teacher of mathematics and wrote textbooks from 1968 until his retirement in 1997. His mother, Constance (née Gerhard), trained as a church organist and student of sacred music. Brown was raised an Episcopalian, and described his religious evolution in a 2009 interview:\n\n\"I was raised Episcopalian, and I was very religious as a kid. Then, in eighth or", "(1989, 1991, 1992 and 1993), two American League pennants (1992 and 1993) and two World Series titles (1992 and 1993).\n\nPersonal life\nGaston grew up in San Antonio and Corpus Christi, Texas, where his father was a semi-truck driver. His career ambitions were either to be a truck driver like his father, or make it into the Major Leagues. He adopted his nickname 'Cito' in preference to his given name 'Clarence'. Gaston later told Toronto Blue Jays broadcasters the name was taken from a Mexican-American wrestler he watched as a young man in Texas. Other reports state Gaston was given this nickname from a friend named Carlos Thompson who", "Club, after the paper for the evening was read and the discussion started, someone began to stammer a remark. He had extreme difficulty in expressing himself and his words were unintelligible to me. I whispered to my neighbour, 'Who's that?': he replied, 'Wittgenstein'. I was astonished because I had expected the famous author of the Tractatus to be an elderly man, whereas this man looked young – perhaps about 35. (His actual age was 49.) His face was lean and brown, his profile was aquiline and strikingly beautiful, his head was covered with a curly mass of brown hair. I observed the respectful attention that", "and he had to undergo another one that August. During his travels, he visited and fell in love with Bozeman, Montana, where he bought a house and re-settled in the spring of 2012.With his treatments complete, Mayer finished the vocals on Born and Raised, and the album's first single, \"Shadow Days\", was released on February 27, 2012. The following day, he released the track listing for the album, announcing that it would be released on May 22 of that year. He described it as his \"most honest\" album, and begin booking dates at more \"intimate\" venues than for Battle Studies. He also accepted an invitation to appear", "Brett Mole, born on 5 August 1982, is reintroduced as a 19-year-old; he is an athletic, popular, confident, promiscuous, super-intelligent Oxford undergraduate, already a published poet and TV documentarian – in short, the person Adrian always wanted to be. Brett's mediocre older sibling soon comes to regard him with envious loathing. In what was apparently supposed to be a retrospectively-written preface to the re-published Diaries, Mole notes their re-publication in novel-form and suggests that Townsend is impersonating him and profiting from his writings. He also claims that his life is still not as happy as he would like, but 'that is another" ]

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[ "widespread comment and speculation concerning his psychological condition based on his extreme views and eccentric behavior.\n\nEarly years\nBobby Fischer was born at Michael Reese Hospital in Chicago, Illinois, on March 9, 1943. His mother, Regina Wender Fischer, was a US citizen, born in Switzerland; her parents were Polish Jews. Raised in St. Louis, Missouri, Regina became a teacher, a registered nurse, and later a physician.After graduating from college in her teens, Regina traveled to Germany to visit her brother. It was there she met geneticist and future Nobel Prize winner Hermann Joseph Muller, who persuaded her to move to Moscow to study medicine. She enrolled at I.M. Sechenov" ]

[ "widespread comment and speculation concerning his psychological condition based on his extreme views and eccentric behavior.\n\nEarly years\nBobby Fischer was born at Michael Reese Hospital in Chicago, Illinois, on March 9, 1943. His mother, Regina Wender Fischer, was a US citizen, born in Switzerland; her parents were Polish Jews. Raised in St. Louis, Missouri, Regina became a teacher, a registered nurse, and later a physician.After graduating from college in her teens, Regina traveled to Germany to visit her brother. It was there she met geneticist and future Nobel Prize winner Hermann Joseph Muller, who persuaded her to move to Moscow to study medicine. She enrolled at I.M. Sechenov", "not officially divorce until 1945.At the time of her son's birth, Regina was homeless and shuttled to different jobs and schools around the country to support her family. She engaged in political activism and raised both Bobby and Joan as a single parent.In 1949, Regina moved the family to Manhattan and the following year to Brooklyn, New York City, where she studied for her master's degree in nursing and subsequently began working in that field.\n\nPaul Neményi as Fischer's father\nIn 2002, Peter Nicholas and Clea Benson of The Philadelphia Inquirer published an investigative report which stated that Bobby Fischer's biological father was actually Paul Neményi.Neményi, a Hungarian", "was stale and that he now played blitz games of chess variants, such as Chess960. He visited the Polgár family in Budapest and analyzed many games with Judit, Zsuzsa, and Zsófia Polgár. In 1998 and 1999, he also stayed at the house of young Hungarian grandmaster Peter Leko.From 2000 to 2002, Fischer lived in Baguio in the Philippines, residing in the same compound as the Filipino grandmaster Eugenio Torre, a close friend who had acted as his second during his 1992 match with Spassky. Torre introduced Fischer to a 22 year-old woman named Marilyn Young. On May 21, 2001, Marilyn Young gave birth to a daughter", "FBI files note that Hans-Gerhardt Fischer never entered the United States, while recording that Neményi took a keen interest in Fischer's upbringing. Not only were Regina and Neményi reported to have had an affair in 1942, but Neményi made monthly child support payments to Regina and paid for Bobby's schooling until Paul Neményi's death in 1952.\n\nChess beginnings\nIn March 1949, six-year-old Bobby and his sister Joan learned how to play chess using the instructions from a set bought at a candy store. When Joan lost interest in chess and Regina did not have time to play, Fischer was left to play many of his first games against himself.", "for 4th–6th at Santiago (scoring 7½/12) behind Ivkov, Pachman, and Herman Pilnik. At the Zürich International Tournament, spring 1959, Fischer finished a point behind future world champion Mikhail Tal and a half-point behind Yugoslavian GM Svetozar Gligorić.\nAlthough Fischer had ended his formal education at age 16, dropping out of Erasmus Hall High School in Brooklyn, he subsequently taught himself several foreign languages so he could read foreign chess periodicals. According to Latvian chess master Alexander Koblencs, even he and Tal could not match the commitment that Fischer had made to chess. Recalling a conversation from the tournament: \"Tell me, Bobby,\" Tal continued, \"what", "\"It was interesting for me to observe Fischer, but for a long time I couldn't understand why this 15-year-old boy played chess so well.\" Fischer became the youngest person ever to qualify for the Candidates and the youngest ever grandmaster at 15 years, 6 months, 1 day. \"By then everyone knew we had a genius on our hands.\"Before the Candidates' Tournament, Fischer won the 1958/59 US Championship (scoring 8½/11). He tied for third (with Borislav Ivkov) in Mar del Plata (scoring 10/14), a half-point behind Luděk Pachman and Miguel Najdorf. He tied for 4th–6th at Santiago (scoring 7½/12) behind Ivkov,", "Robert James Fischer (March 9, 1943 – January 17, 2008) was an American chess grandmaster and the eleventh World Chess Champion. A chess prodigy, he won his first of a record eight US Championships at the age of 14. In 1964, he won with an 11–0 score, the only perfect score in the history of the tournament. Qualifying for the 1972 World Championship, Fischer swept matches with Mark Taimanov and Bent Larsen by 6–0 scores. After another qualifying match against Tigran Petrosian, Fischer won the title match against Boris Spassky of the USSR, in Reykjavík, Iceland. Publicized as a Cold War confrontation between the US and", "on his game a while after it occurred, Bobby was refreshingly modest: 'I just made the moves I thought were best. I was just lucky.'\"In 1957, Fischer played a two-game match against former world champion Max Euwe at New York, losing ½–1½. When the US Chess Federation published its rating list in May, Fischer had the rank of Master, the youngest player to earn that title up to that point. In July, he successfully defended his US Junior title, scoring 8½/9 at San Francisco. In August, he scored 10/12 at the US Open Chess Championship in Cleveland, winning on tie-breaking points over Arthur Bisguier. This", "was left to play many of his first games against himself. When the family vacationed at Patchogue, Long Island, New York, that summer, Bobby found a book of old chess games and studied it intensely.In 1950, the family moved to Brooklyn, first to an apartment at the corner of Union Street and Franklin Avenue and later to a two-bedroom apartment at 560 Lincoln Place. It was there that \"Fischer soon became so engrossed in the game that Regina feared he was spending too much time alone.\" As a result, on November 14, 1950, Regina sent a postcard to the Brooklyn Eagle newspaper, seeking to place an ad inquiring", "President of the Japanese Chess Association (with whom he had reportedly been living since 2000) wanted to become legally married. It was also reported that Fischer had been living in the Philippines with Marilyn Young during the same period. Fischer applied for German citizenship, on the grounds that his father was German. Fischer stated that he wanted to renounce his US citizenship, and appealed to US Secretary of State Colin Powell to help him do so, though to no effect. Japan's Justice Minister rejected Fischer's request for asylum and ordered his deportation.While in prison, Bobby Fischer legally married Miyoko Watai on September 6, 2004.\n\nCitizenship and residency in Iceland\nSeeking ways" ]

[ "When was Bobby Fischer born?", "Bobby Fischer was born at Michael Reese Hospital in Chicago, Illinois, on March 9, 1943.", "Who were Bobby Fischer's parents?", "Bobby Fischer's birth certificate listed his father as Hans-Gerhardt Fischer, also known as Gerardo Liebscher, a German biophysicist. His mother, Regina Wender Fischer, was a US citizen, born in Switzerland." ]

[]

[ "Moscow to study medicine. She enrolled at I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, where she met Hans-Gerhardt Fischer, also known as Gerardo Liebscher, a German biophysicist, whom she married in November 1933. In 1938, Hans-Gerhardt and Regina had a daughter, Joan Fischer. The reemergence of antisemitism under Stalin prompted Regina to go with Joan to Paris, where Regina became an English teacher. The threat of a German invasion led her and Joan to go to the United States in 1939. Regina and Hans-Gerhardt had already separated in Moscow, although they did not officially divorce until 1945.At the time of her son's" ]

[ "widespread comment and speculation concerning his psychological condition based on his extreme views and eccentric behavior.\n\nEarly years\nBobby Fischer was born at Michael Reese Hospital in Chicago, Illinois, on March 9, 1943. His mother, Regina Wender Fischer, was a US citizen, born in Switzerland; her parents were Polish Jews. Raised in St. Louis, Missouri, Regina became a teacher, a registered nurse, and later a physician.After graduating from college in her teens, Regina traveled to Germany to visit her brother. It was there she met geneticist and future Nobel Prize winner Hermann Joseph Muller, who persuaded her to move to Moscow to study medicine. She enrolled at I.M. Sechenov", "not officially divorce until 1945.At the time of her son's birth, Regina was homeless and shuttled to different jobs and schools around the country to support her family. She engaged in political activism and raised both Bobby and Joan as a single parent.In 1949, Regina moved the family to Manhattan and the following year to Brooklyn, New York City, where she studied for her master's degree in nursing and subsequently began working in that field.\n\nPaul Neményi as Fischer's father\nIn 2002, Peter Nicholas and Clea Benson of The Philadelphia Inquirer published an investigative report which stated that Bobby Fischer's biological father was actually Paul Neményi.Neményi, a Hungarian", "FBI files note that Hans-Gerhardt Fischer never entered the United States, while recording that Neményi took a keen interest in Fischer's upbringing. Not only were Regina and Neményi reported to have had an affair in 1942, but Neményi made monthly child support payments to Regina and paid for Bobby's schooling until Paul Neményi's death in 1952.\n\nChess beginnings\nIn March 1949, six-year-old Bobby and his sister Joan learned how to play chess using the instructions from a set bought at a candy store. When Joan lost interest in chess and Regina did not have time to play, Fischer was left to play many of his first games against himself.", "was stale and that he now played blitz games of chess variants, such as Chess960. He visited the Polgár family in Budapest and analyzed many games with Judit, Zsuzsa, and Zsófia Polgár. In 1998 and 1999, he also stayed at the house of young Hungarian grandmaster Peter Leko.From 2000 to 2002, Fischer lived in Baguio in the Philippines, residing in the same compound as the Filipino grandmaster Eugenio Torre, a close friend who had acted as his second during his 1992 match with Spassky. Torre introduced Fischer to a 22 year-old woman named Marilyn Young. On May 21, 2001, Marilyn Young gave birth to a daughter", "for 4th–6th at Santiago (scoring 7½/12) behind Ivkov, Pachman, and Herman Pilnik. At the Zürich International Tournament, spring 1959, Fischer finished a point behind future world champion Mikhail Tal and a half-point behind Yugoslavian GM Svetozar Gligorić.\nAlthough Fischer had ended his formal education at age 16, dropping out of Erasmus Hall High School in Brooklyn, he subsequently taught himself several foreign languages so he could read foreign chess periodicals. According to Latvian chess master Alexander Koblencs, even he and Tal could not match the commitment that Fischer had made to chess. Recalling a conversation from the tournament: \"Tell me, Bobby,\" Tal continued, \"what", "\"It was interesting for me to observe Fischer, but for a long time I couldn't understand why this 15-year-old boy played chess so well.\" Fischer became the youngest person ever to qualify for the Candidates and the youngest ever grandmaster at 15 years, 6 months, 1 day. \"By then everyone knew we had a genius on our hands.\"Before the Candidates' Tournament, Fischer won the 1958/59 US Championship (scoring 8½/11). He tied for third (with Borislav Ivkov) in Mar del Plata (scoring 10/14), a half-point behind Luděk Pachman and Miguel Najdorf. He tied for 4th–6th at Santiago (scoring 7½/12) behind Ivkov,", "on his game a while after it occurred, Bobby was refreshingly modest: 'I just made the moves I thought were best. I was just lucky.'\"In 1957, Fischer played a two-game match against former world champion Max Euwe at New York, losing ½–1½. When the US Chess Federation published its rating list in May, Fischer had the rank of Master, the youngest player to earn that title up to that point. In July, he successfully defended his US Junior title, scoring 8½/9 at San Francisco. In August, he scored 10/12 at the US Open Chess Championship in Cleveland, winning on tie-breaking points over Arthur Bisguier. This", "President of the Japanese Chess Association (with whom he had reportedly been living since 2000) wanted to become legally married. It was also reported that Fischer had been living in the Philippines with Marilyn Young during the same period. Fischer applied for German citizenship, on the grounds that his father was German. Fischer stated that he wanted to renounce his US citizenship, and appealed to US Secretary of State Colin Powell to help him do so, though to no effect. Japan's Justice Minister rejected Fischer's request for asylum and ordered his deportation.While in prison, Bobby Fischer legally married Miyoko Watai on September 6, 2004.\n\nCitizenship and residency in Iceland\nSeeking ways", "was left to play many of his first games against himself. When the family vacationed at Patchogue, Long Island, New York, that summer, Bobby found a book of old chess games and studied it intensely.In 1950, the family moved to Brooklyn, first to an apartment at the corner of Union Street and Franklin Avenue and later to a two-bedroom apartment at 560 Lincoln Place. It was there that \"Fischer soon became so engrossed in the game that Regina feared he was spending too much time alone.\" As a result, on November 14, 1950, Regina sent a postcard to the Brooklyn Eagle newspaper, seeking to place an ad inquiring", "Robert James Fischer (March 9, 1943 – January 17, 2008) was an American chess grandmaster and the eleventh World Chess Champion. A chess prodigy, he won his first of a record eight US Championships at the age of 14. In 1964, he won with an 11–0 score, the only perfect score in the history of the tournament. Qualifying for the 1972 World Championship, Fischer swept matches with Mark Taimanov and Bent Larsen by 6–0 scores. After another qualifying match against Tigran Petrosian, Fischer won the title match against Boris Spassky of the USSR, in Reykjavík, Iceland. Publicized as a Cold War confrontation between the US and" ]

[ "When was Bobby Fischer born?", "Bobby Fischer was born at Michael Reese Hospital in Chicago, Illinois, on March 9, 1943.", "Who were Bobby Fischer's parents?", "Bobby Fischer's birth certificate listed his father as Hans-Gerhardt Fischer, also known as Gerardo Liebscher, a German biophysicist. His mother, Regina Wender Fischer, was a US citizen, born in Switzerland.", "Did Bobby Fischer's parents meet in germany?", "Regina Fischer enrolled at I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, where she met Hans-Gerhardt, whom she married in November 1933." ]

[]

[ "Moscow to study medicine. She enrolled at I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, where she met Hans-Gerhardt Fischer, also known as Gerardo Liebscher, a German biophysicist, whom she married in November 1933. In 1938, Hans-Gerhardt and Regina had a daughter, Joan Fischer. The reemergence of antisemitism under Stalin prompted Regina to go with Joan to Paris, where Regina became an English teacher. The threat of a German invasion led her and Joan to go to the United States in 1939. Regina and Hans-Gerhardt had already separated in Moscow, although they did not officially divorce until 1945.At the time of her son's" ]

[ "was presenting a paper in support of marriage restrictions. While Galton analogized eugenics to breeding domesticated animals, Ellis felt that a greater sense of caution was needed before applying the eugenic regulations to populations, as \"we have scarcely yet realized how subtle and far-reaching hereditary influences are.\" Instead, because unlike domesticated animals, humans were in charge of who they mated with, Ellis argued that a greater emphasis was needed on public education about how vital this issue was. Ellis thus held much more moderate views than many contemporary eugenicists. In fact, Ellis also fundamentally disagreed with Galton's leading ideas that procreation restrictions were the same as marriage restrictions.", "it, and never compulsory.\" His opposition to such a system was not only rooted in morality. Rather, Ellis also considered the practicality of the situation, hypothesizing that if an already mentally unfit man is forced to undergo sterilization, he would only become more ill-balanced, and would end up committing more anti-social acts.\nThough Ellis was never at ease with the idea of forced sterilizations, he was willing to find ways to circumvent that restriction. His focus was on the social ends of eugenics, and as a means to it, Ellis was in no way against 'persuading' 'volunteers' to undergo sterilization by withdrawing Poor Relief from", "he posited that the sexual glands provided an important source of internal secretions vital for the functioning of the organism, and thus the glands' removal could greatly injure the patient.However, already in his time, Ellis was witness to the rise of vasectomies and ligatures of the Fallopian tubes, which performed the same sterilization without removing the whole organ. In these cases, Ellis was much more favorable, yet still maintaining that \"sterilization of the unfit, if it is to be a practical and humane measure commanding general approval, must be voluntary on the part of the person undergoing it, and never compulsory.\" His opposition to such a system" ]

[ "What were Havelock Ellis's views on sterilization?", "Havelock Ellis was strongly opposed to the idea of castration for eugenic purposes." ]

[ "'volunteers' to undergo sterilization by withdrawing Poor Relief from them. While he preferred to convince those he deemed unfit using education, Ellis supported coercion as a tool. Furthermore, he supported adding ideas about eugenics and birth control to the education system in order to restructure society, and to promote social hygiene. For Ellis, sterilization seemed to be the only eugenic instrument that could be used on the mentally unfit. In fact, in his publication The Sterilization of the Unfit, Ellis argued that even institutionalization could not guarantee the complete prevention of procreation between the unfit, and thus, \"the burdens of society, to say nothing of the", "stating, \"On the whole, it may be said that in the usual life of man odours play a not inconsiderable part and raise problems which are not without interest, but that their demonstrable part in actual sexual selection is comparatively small.\"\n\nViews on women and birth control\nEllis favoured feminism from a eugenic perspective, feeling that the enhanced social, economic, and sexual choices that feminism provided for women would result in women choosing partners who were more eugenically sound. In his view, intelligent women would not choose, nor be forced to marry and procreate with feeble-minded men.\nEllis viewed birth control as merely the continuation of an evolutionary progression, noting", "he was always careful to mention the race of the subject and the health of the person's 'stock', which included their neuropathic conditions and the health of their parents. However, Ellis was clear to assert that he did not feel that homosexuality was an issue that eugenics needed to actively deal with, as he felt that once the practice was accepted in society, those with homosexual tendencies would comfortably choose not to marry, and thus would cease to pass the 'homosexual heredity' along.In a debate in the Sociological Society, Ellis corresponded with the eugenicist Francis Galton, who was presenting a paper in support of marriage restrictions. While Galton", "'superior stocks' who had knowledge of and used birth control while the 'inferior stocks' propagated without checks. Ellis's solution to this was a focus on contraceptives in education, as this would disseminate the knowledge in the populations that he felt needed them the most. Ellis argued that birth control was the only available way of making eugenic selection practicable, as the only other option was wide-scale abstention from intercourse for those who were 'unfit'.\n\nViews on sterilization\nEllis was strongly opposed to the idea of castration of either sex for eugenic purposes. In 1909, regulations were introduced at the Cantonal Asylum in Bern which allowed those deemed", "ideas that procreation restrictions were the same as marriage restrictions. Ellis believed that those who should not procreate should still be able to gain all the other benefits of marriage, and to not allow that was an intolerable burden. This, in his mind, was what led to eugenics being \"misunderstood, ridiculed, and regarded as a fad\".Throughout his life, Ellis was both a member and later a council member of the Eugenics Society. Moreover, he played a role on the General Committee of the First International Eugenics Congress.\n\nSexual impulse in youth\nEllis' 1933 book, Psychology of Sex, is one of the many manifestations of his interest in human", "introduced at the Cantonal Asylum in Bern which allowed those deemed 'unfit' or with strong sexual inclinations to be subject to mandatory sterilization. In a particular instance, several men and women, including epileptics and pedophiles, were castrated, some of whom voluntarily requested it. While the results were positive, in that none of the subjects were found guilty of any more sexual offences, Ellis remained staunchly opposed to the practice. His view on the origin of these inclinations was that sexual impulses do not reside in the sexual organs, but rather they persist in the brain. Moreover, he posited that the sexual glands provided an important source of", "Henry Havelock Ellis (2 February 1859 – 8 July 1939) was an English physician, eugenicist, writer, progressive intellectual and social reformer who studied human sexuality. He co-wrote the first medical textbook in English on homosexuality in 1897, and also published works on a variety of sexual practices and inclinations, as well as on transgender psychology. He developed the notions of narcissism and autoeroticism, later adopted by psychoanalysis.\nEllis was among the pioneering investigators of psychedelic drugs and the author of one of the first written reports to the public about an experience with mescaline, which he conducted on himself in 1896. He supported eugenics and served as one" ]

[ "'volunteers' to undergo sterilization by withdrawing Poor Relief from them. While he preferred to convince those he deemed unfit using education, Ellis supported coercion as a tool. Furthermore, he supported adding ideas about eugenics and birth control to the education system in order to restructure society, and to promote social hygiene. For Ellis, sterilization seemed to be the only eugenic instrument that could be used on the mentally unfit. In fact, in his publication The Sterilization of the Unfit, Ellis argued that even institutionalization could not guarantee the complete prevention of procreation between the unfit, and thus, \"the burdens of society, to say nothing of the" ]

[ "he posited that the sexual glands provided an important source of internal secretions vital for the functioning of the organism, and thus the glands' removal could greatly injure the patient.However, already in his time, Ellis was witness to the rise of vasectomies and ligatures of the Fallopian tubes, which performed the same sterilization without removing the whole organ. In these cases, Ellis was much more favorable, yet still maintaining that \"sterilization of the unfit, if it is to be a practical and humane measure commanding general approval, must be voluntary on the part of the person undergoing it, and never compulsory.\" His opposition to such a system" ]

[ "What were Havelock Ellis's views on sterilization?", "Havelock Ellis was strongly opposed to the idea of castration for eugenic purposes.", "Did Havelock Ellis speak out on this matter?", "Yes, Havelock Ellis's publication The Sterilization of the Unfit, Ellis argued that even institutionalization could not guarantee the complete prevention of procreation between the unfit.", "Why was Havelock Ellis against sterilization?", "Havelock Ellis posited that the sexual glands provided an important source of internal secretions vital for the functioning of the organism, and thus their removal could greatly injure the patient." ]

[ "introduced at the Cantonal Asylum in Bern which allowed those deemed 'unfit' or with strong sexual inclinations to be subject to mandatory sterilization. In a particular instance, several men and women, including epileptics and pedophiles, were castrated, some of whom voluntarily requested it. While the results were positive, in that none of the subjects were found guilty of any more sexual offences, Ellis remained staunchly opposed to the practice. His view on the origin of these inclinations was that sexual impulses do not reside in the sexual organs, but rather they persist in the brain. Moreover, he posited that the sexual glands provided an important source of", "it, and never compulsory.\" His opposition to such a system was not only rooted in morality. Rather, Ellis also considered the practicality of the situation, hypothesizing that if an already mentally unfit man is forced to undergo sterilization, he would only become more ill-balanced, and would end up committing more anti-social acts.\nThough Ellis was never at ease with the idea of forced sterilizations, he was willing to find ways to circumvent that restriction. His focus was on the social ends of eugenics, and as a means to it, Ellis was in no way against 'persuading' 'volunteers' to undergo sterilization by withdrawing Poor Relief from", "'volunteers' to undergo sterilization by withdrawing Poor Relief from them. While he preferred to convince those he deemed unfit using education, Ellis supported coercion as a tool. Furthermore, he supported adding ideas about eugenics and birth control to the education system in order to restructure society, and to promote social hygiene. For Ellis, sterilization seemed to be the only eugenic instrument that could be used on the mentally unfit. In fact, in his publication The Sterilization of the Unfit, Ellis argued that even institutionalization could not guarantee the complete prevention of procreation between the unfit, and thus, \"the burdens of society, to say nothing of the", "was presenting a paper in support of marriage restrictions. While Galton analogized eugenics to breeding domesticated animals, Ellis felt that a greater sense of caution was needed before applying the eugenic regulations to populations, as \"we have scarcely yet realized how subtle and far-reaching hereditary influences are.\" Instead, because unlike domesticated animals, humans were in charge of who they mated with, Ellis argued that a greater emphasis was needed on public education about how vital this issue was. Ellis thus held much more moderate views than many contemporary eugenicists. In fact, Ellis also fundamentally disagreed with Galton's leading ideas that procreation restrictions were the same as marriage restrictions.", "stating, \"On the whole, it may be said that in the usual life of man odours play a not inconsiderable part and raise problems which are not without interest, but that their demonstrable part in actual sexual selection is comparatively small.\"\n\nViews on women and birth control\nEllis favoured feminism from a eugenic perspective, feeling that the enhanced social, economic, and sexual choices that feminism provided for women would result in women choosing partners who were more eugenically sound. In his view, intelligent women would not choose, nor be forced to marry and procreate with feeble-minded men.\nEllis viewed birth control as merely the continuation of an evolutionary progression, noting", "ideas that procreation restrictions were the same as marriage restrictions. Ellis believed that those who should not procreate should still be able to gain all the other benefits of marriage, and to not allow that was an intolerable burden. This, in his mind, was what led to eugenics being \"misunderstood, ridiculed, and regarded as a fad\".Throughout his life, Ellis was both a member and later a council member of the Eugenics Society. Moreover, he played a role on the General Committee of the First International Eugenics Congress.\n\nSexual impulse in youth\nEllis' 1933 book, Psychology of Sex, is one of the many manifestations of his interest in human", "'superior stocks' who had knowledge of and used birth control while the 'inferior stocks' propagated without checks. Ellis's solution to this was a focus on contraceptives in education, as this would disseminate the knowledge in the populations that he felt needed them the most. Ellis argued that birth control was the only available way of making eugenic selection practicable, as the only other option was wide-scale abstention from intercourse for those who were 'unfit'.\n\nViews on sterilization\nEllis was strongly opposed to the idea of castration of either sex for eugenic purposes. In 1909, regulations were introduced at the Cantonal Asylum in Bern which allowed those deemed", "he was always careful to mention the race of the subject and the health of the person's 'stock', which included their neuropathic conditions and the health of their parents. However, Ellis was clear to assert that he did not feel that homosexuality was an issue that eugenics needed to actively deal with, as he felt that once the practice was accepted in society, those with homosexual tendencies would comfortably choose not to marry, and thus would cease to pass the 'homosexual heredity' along.In a debate in the Sociological Society, Ellis corresponded with the eugenicist Francis Galton, who was presenting a paper in support of marriage restrictions. While Galton", "Henry Havelock Ellis (2 February 1859 – 8 July 1939) was an English physician, eugenicist, writer, progressive intellectual and social reformer who studied human sexuality. He co-wrote the first medical textbook in English on homosexuality in 1897, and also published works on a variety of sexual practices and inclinations, as well as on transgender psychology. He developed the notions of narcissism and autoeroticism, later adopted by psychoanalysis.\nEllis was among the pioneering investigators of psychedelic drugs and the author of one of the first written reports to the public about an experience with mescaline, which he conducted on himself in 1896. He supported eugenics and served as one" ]

[ "introduced at the Cantonal Asylum in Bern which allowed those deemed 'unfit' or with strong sexual inclinations to be subject to mandatory sterilization. In a particular instance, several men and women, including epileptics and pedophiles, were castrated, some of whom voluntarily requested it. While the results were positive, in that none of the subjects were found guilty of any more sexual offences, Ellis remained staunchly opposed to the practice. His view on the origin of these inclinations was that sexual impulses do not reside in the sexual organs, but rather they persist in the brain. Moreover, he posited that the sexual glands provided an important source of" ]

[ "introduced at the Cantonal Asylum in Bern which allowed those deemed 'unfit' or with strong sexual inclinations to be subject to mandatory sterilization. In a particular instance, several men and women, including epileptics and pedophiles, were castrated, some of whom voluntarily requested it. While the results were positive, in that none of the subjects were found guilty of any more sexual offences, Ellis remained staunchly opposed to the practice. His view on the origin of these inclinations was that sexual impulses do not reside in the sexual organs, but rather they persist in the brain. Moreover, he posited that the sexual glands provided an important source of", "he posited that the sexual glands provided an important source of internal secretions vital for the functioning of the organism, and thus the glands' removal could greatly injure the patient.However, already in his time, Ellis was witness to the rise of vasectomies and ligatures of the Fallopian tubes, which performed the same sterilization without removing the whole organ. In these cases, Ellis was much more favorable, yet still maintaining that \"sterilization of the unfit, if it is to be a practical and humane measure commanding general approval, must be voluntary on the part of the person undergoing it, and never compulsory.\" His opposition to such a system", "it, and never compulsory.\" His opposition to such a system was not only rooted in morality. Rather, Ellis also considered the practicality of the situation, hypothesizing that if an already mentally unfit man is forced to undergo sterilization, he would only become more ill-balanced, and would end up committing more anti-social acts.\nThough Ellis was never at ease with the idea of forced sterilizations, he was willing to find ways to circumvent that restriction. His focus was on the social ends of eugenics, and as a means to it, Ellis was in no way against 'persuading' 'volunteers' to undergo sterilization by withdrawing Poor Relief from", "stating, \"On the whole, it may be said that in the usual life of man odours play a not inconsiderable part and raise problems which are not without interest, but that their demonstrable part in actual sexual selection is comparatively small.\"\n\nViews on women and birth control\nEllis favoured feminism from a eugenic perspective, feeling that the enhanced social, economic, and sexual choices that feminism provided for women would result in women choosing partners who were more eugenically sound. In his view, intelligent women would not choose, nor be forced to marry and procreate with feeble-minded men.\nEllis viewed birth control as merely the continuation of an evolutionary progression, noting", "was presenting a paper in support of marriage restrictions. While Galton analogized eugenics to breeding domesticated animals, Ellis felt that a greater sense of caution was needed before applying the eugenic regulations to populations, as \"we have scarcely yet realized how subtle and far-reaching hereditary influences are.\" Instead, because unlike domesticated animals, humans were in charge of who they mated with, Ellis argued that a greater emphasis was needed on public education about how vital this issue was. Ellis thus held much more moderate views than many contemporary eugenicists. In fact, Ellis also fundamentally disagreed with Galton's leading ideas that procreation restrictions were the same as marriage restrictions." ]

[ "What were Havelock Ellis's views on sterilization?", "Havelock Ellis was strongly opposed to the idea of castration for eugenic purposes.", "Did Havelock Ellis speak out on this matter?", "Yes, Havelock Ellis's publication The Sterilization of the Unfit, Ellis argued that even institutionalization could not guarantee the complete prevention of procreation between the unfit.", "Why was Havelock Ellis against sterilization?", "Havelock Ellis posited that the sexual glands provided an important source of internal secretions vital for the functioning of the organism, and thus their removal could greatly injure the patient.", "Where does Havelock Ellis think sexual impulses reside?", "Havelock Ellis' view on the origin of these inclinations was that sexual impulses do not reside in the sexual organs, but rather they persist in the brain.", "How does Haverlock Ellis' theory on where sexual impules reside relate to sterilization?", "Havelock Ellis hypothesized that if a mentally unfit man is forced to undergo sterilization, he would only become more ill-balanced, and would end up committing more anti-social acts." ]

[ "'volunteers' to undergo sterilization by withdrawing Poor Relief from them. While he preferred to convince those he deemed unfit using education, Ellis supported coercion as a tool. Furthermore, he supported adding ideas about eugenics and birth control to the education system in order to restructure society, and to promote social hygiene. For Ellis, sterilization seemed to be the only eugenic instrument that could be used on the mentally unfit. In fact, in his publication The Sterilization of the Unfit, Ellis argued that even institutionalization could not guarantee the complete prevention of procreation between the unfit, and thus, \"the burdens of society, to say nothing of the", "ideas that procreation restrictions were the same as marriage restrictions. Ellis believed that those who should not procreate should still be able to gain all the other benefits of marriage, and to not allow that was an intolerable burden. This, in his mind, was what led to eugenics being \"misunderstood, ridiculed, and regarded as a fad\".Throughout his life, Ellis was both a member and later a council member of the Eugenics Society. Moreover, he played a role on the General Committee of the First International Eugenics Congress.\n\nSexual impulse in youth\nEllis' 1933 book, Psychology of Sex, is one of the many manifestations of his interest in human", "Henry Havelock Ellis (2 February 1859 – 8 July 1939) was an English physician, eugenicist, writer, progressive intellectual and social reformer who studied human sexuality. He co-wrote the first medical textbook in English on homosexuality in 1897, and also published works on a variety of sexual practices and inclinations, as well as on transgender psychology. He developed the notions of narcissism and autoeroticism, later adopted by psychoanalysis.\nEllis was among the pioneering investigators of psychedelic drugs and the author of one of the first written reports to the public about an experience with mescaline, which he conducted on himself in 1896. He supported eugenics and served as one", "'superior stocks' who had knowledge of and used birth control while the 'inferior stocks' propagated without checks. Ellis's solution to this was a focus on contraceptives in education, as this would disseminate the knowledge in the populations that he felt needed them the most. Ellis argued that birth control was the only available way of making eugenic selection practicable, as the only other option was wide-scale abstention from intercourse for those who were 'unfit'.\n\nViews on sterilization\nEllis was strongly opposed to the idea of castration of either sex for eugenic purposes. In 1909, regulations were introduced at the Cantonal Asylum in Bern which allowed those deemed", "he was always careful to mention the race of the subject and the health of the person's 'stock', which included their neuropathic conditions and the health of their parents. However, Ellis was clear to assert that he did not feel that homosexuality was an issue that eugenics needed to actively deal with, as he felt that once the practice was accepted in society, those with homosexual tendencies would comfortably choose not to marry, and thus would cease to pass the 'homosexual heredity' along.In a debate in the Sociological Society, Ellis corresponded with the eugenicist Francis Galton, who was presenting a paper in support of marriage restrictions. While Galton" ]

[ "'volunteers' to undergo sterilization by withdrawing Poor Relief from them. While he preferred to convince those he deemed unfit using education, Ellis supported coercion as a tool. Furthermore, he supported adding ideas about eugenics and birth control to the education system in order to restructure society, and to promote social hygiene. For Ellis, sterilization seemed to be the only eugenic instrument that could be used on the mentally unfit. In fact, in his publication The Sterilization of the Unfit, Ellis argued that even institutionalization could not guarantee the complete prevention of procreation between the unfit, and thus, \"the burdens of society, to say nothing of the" ]

[ "he posited that the sexual glands provided an important source of internal secretions vital for the functioning of the organism, and thus the glands' removal could greatly injure the patient.However, already in his time, Ellis was witness to the rise of vasectomies and ligatures of the Fallopian tubes, which performed the same sterilization without removing the whole organ. In these cases, Ellis was much more favorable, yet still maintaining that \"sterilization of the unfit, if it is to be a practical and humane measure commanding general approval, must be voluntary on the part of the person undergoing it, and never compulsory.\" His opposition to such a system", "introduced at the Cantonal Asylum in Bern which allowed those deemed 'unfit' or with strong sexual inclinations to be subject to mandatory sterilization. In a particular instance, several men and women, including epileptics and pedophiles, were castrated, some of whom voluntarily requested it. While the results were positive, in that none of the subjects were found guilty of any more sexual offences, Ellis remained staunchly opposed to the practice. His view on the origin of these inclinations was that sexual impulses do not reside in the sexual organs, but rather they persist in the brain. Moreover, he posited that the sexual glands provided an important source of" ]

[ "What were Havelock Ellis's views on sterilization?", "Havelock Ellis was strongly opposed to the idea of castration for eugenic purposes.", "Did Havelock Ellis speak out on this matter?", "Yes, Havelock Ellis's publication The Sterilization of the Unfit, Ellis argued that even institutionalization could not guarantee the complete prevention of procreation between the unfit.", "Why was Havelock Ellis against sterilization?", "Havelock Ellis posited that the sexual glands provided an important source of internal secretions vital for the functioning of the organism, and thus their removal could greatly injure the patient.", "Where does Havelock Ellis think sexual impulses reside?", "Havelock Ellis' view on the origin of these inclinations was that sexual impulses do not reside in the sexual organs, but rather they persist in the brain.", "How does Haverlock Ellis' theory on where sexual impules reside relate to sterilization?", "Havelock Ellis hypothesized that if a mentally unfit man is forced to undergo sterilization, he would only become more ill-balanced, and would end up committing more anti-social acts.", "Does Havelock Ellis propose an alternate solution?", "Havelock Ellis preferred coercion as a tool. He supported adding ideas about eugenics and birth control to the education system in order to restructure society, and to promote social hygiene.", "Did Havelock Ellis just not believe in forced sterilization?", "In 1909, regulations were introduced, which allowed those deemed ‘unfit’ and with strong sexual inclinations to be mandatorily sterilized. Havelock Ellis remained staunchly opposed to the practice." ]

[ "it, and never compulsory.\" His opposition to such a system was not only rooted in morality. Rather, Ellis also considered the practicality of the situation, hypothesizing that if an already mentally unfit man is forced to undergo sterilization, he would only become more ill-balanced, and would end up committing more anti-social acts.\nThough Ellis was never at ease with the idea of forced sterilizations, he was willing to find ways to circumvent that restriction. His focus was on the social ends of eugenics, and as a means to it, Ellis was in no way against 'persuading' 'volunteers' to undergo sterilization by withdrawing Poor Relief from", "'volunteers' to undergo sterilization by withdrawing Poor Relief from them. While he preferred to convince those he deemed unfit using education, Ellis supported coercion as a tool. Furthermore, he supported adding ideas about eugenics and birth control to the education system in order to restructure society, and to promote social hygiene. For Ellis, sterilization seemed to be the only eugenic instrument that could be used on the mentally unfit. In fact, in his publication The Sterilization of the Unfit, Ellis argued that even institutionalization could not guarantee the complete prevention of procreation between the unfit, and thus, \"the burdens of society, to say nothing of the", "was presenting a paper in support of marriage restrictions. While Galton analogized eugenics to breeding domesticated animals, Ellis felt that a greater sense of caution was needed before applying the eugenic regulations to populations, as \"we have scarcely yet realized how subtle and far-reaching hereditary influences are.\" Instead, because unlike domesticated animals, humans were in charge of who they mated with, Ellis argued that a greater emphasis was needed on public education about how vital this issue was. Ellis thus held much more moderate views than many contemporary eugenicists. In fact, Ellis also fundamentally disagreed with Galton's leading ideas that procreation restrictions were the same as marriage restrictions.", "stating, \"On the whole, it may be said that in the usual life of man odours play a not inconsiderable part and raise problems which are not without interest, but that their demonstrable part in actual sexual selection is comparatively small.\"\n\nViews on women and birth control\nEllis favoured feminism from a eugenic perspective, feeling that the enhanced social, economic, and sexual choices that feminism provided for women would result in women choosing partners who were more eugenically sound. In his view, intelligent women would not choose, nor be forced to marry and procreate with feeble-minded men.\nEllis viewed birth control as merely the continuation of an evolutionary progression, noting", "ideas that procreation restrictions were the same as marriage restrictions. Ellis believed that those who should not procreate should still be able to gain all the other benefits of marriage, and to not allow that was an intolerable burden. This, in his mind, was what led to eugenics being \"misunderstood, ridiculed, and regarded as a fad\".Throughout his life, Ellis was both a member and later a council member of the Eugenics Society. Moreover, he played a role on the General Committee of the First International Eugenics Congress.\n\nSexual impulse in youth\nEllis' 1933 book, Psychology of Sex, is one of the many manifestations of his interest in human", "'superior stocks' who had knowledge of and used birth control while the 'inferior stocks' propagated without checks. Ellis's solution to this was a focus on contraceptives in education, as this would disseminate the knowledge in the populations that he felt needed them the most. Ellis argued that birth control was the only available way of making eugenic selection practicable, as the only other option was wide-scale abstention from intercourse for those who were 'unfit'.\n\nViews on sterilization\nEllis was strongly opposed to the idea of castration of either sex for eugenic purposes. In 1909, regulations were introduced at the Cantonal Asylum in Bern which allowed those deemed", "Henry Havelock Ellis (2 February 1859 – 8 July 1939) was an English physician, eugenicist, writer, progressive intellectual and social reformer who studied human sexuality. He co-wrote the first medical textbook in English on homosexuality in 1897, and also published works on a variety of sexual practices and inclinations, as well as on transgender psychology. He developed the notions of narcissism and autoeroticism, later adopted by psychoanalysis.\nEllis was among the pioneering investigators of psychedelic drugs and the author of one of the first written reports to the public about an experience with mescaline, which he conducted on himself in 1896. He supported eugenics and served as one", "he was always careful to mention the race of the subject and the health of the person's 'stock', which included their neuropathic conditions and the health of their parents. However, Ellis was clear to assert that he did not feel that homosexuality was an issue that eugenics needed to actively deal with, as he felt that once the practice was accepted in society, those with homosexual tendencies would comfortably choose not to marry, and thus would cease to pass the 'homosexual heredity' along.In a debate in the Sociological Society, Ellis corresponded with the eugenicist Francis Galton, who was presenting a paper in support of marriage restrictions. While Galton" ]

[ "it, and never compulsory.\" His opposition to such a system was not only rooted in morality. Rather, Ellis also considered the practicality of the situation, hypothesizing that if an already mentally unfit man is forced to undergo sterilization, he would only become more ill-balanced, and would end up committing more anti-social acts.\nThough Ellis was never at ease with the idea of forced sterilizations, he was willing to find ways to circumvent that restriction. His focus was on the social ends of eugenics, and as a means to it, Ellis was in no way against 'persuading' 'volunteers' to undergo sterilization by withdrawing Poor Relief from" ]

[ "it, and never compulsory.\" His opposition to such a system was not only rooted in morality. Rather, Ellis also considered the practicality of the situation, hypothesizing that if an already mentally unfit man is forced to undergo sterilization, he would only become more ill-balanced, and would end up committing more anti-social acts.\nThough Ellis was never at ease with the idea of forced sterilizations, he was willing to find ways to circumvent that restriction. His focus was on the social ends of eugenics, and as a means to it, Ellis was in no way against 'persuading' 'volunteers' to undergo sterilization by withdrawing Poor Relief from", "he posited that the sexual glands provided an important source of internal secretions vital for the functioning of the organism, and thus the glands' removal could greatly injure the patient.However, already in his time, Ellis was witness to the rise of vasectomies and ligatures of the Fallopian tubes, which performed the same sterilization without removing the whole organ. In these cases, Ellis was much more favorable, yet still maintaining that \"sterilization of the unfit, if it is to be a practical and humane measure commanding general approval, must be voluntary on the part of the person undergoing it, and never compulsory.\" His opposition to such a system", "'volunteers' to undergo sterilization by withdrawing Poor Relief from them. While he preferred to convince those he deemed unfit using education, Ellis supported coercion as a tool. Furthermore, he supported adding ideas about eugenics and birth control to the education system in order to restructure society, and to promote social hygiene. For Ellis, sterilization seemed to be the only eugenic instrument that could be used on the mentally unfit. In fact, in his publication The Sterilization of the Unfit, Ellis argued that even institutionalization could not guarantee the complete prevention of procreation between the unfit, and thus, \"the burdens of society, to say nothing of the", "introduced at the Cantonal Asylum in Bern which allowed those deemed 'unfit' or with strong sexual inclinations to be subject to mandatory sterilization. In a particular instance, several men and women, including epileptics and pedophiles, were castrated, some of whom voluntarily requested it. While the results were positive, in that none of the subjects were found guilty of any more sexual offences, Ellis remained staunchly opposed to the practice. His view on the origin of these inclinations was that sexual impulses do not reside in the sexual organs, but rather they persist in the brain. Moreover, he posited that the sexual glands provided an important source of", "was presenting a paper in support of marriage restrictions. While Galton analogized eugenics to breeding domesticated animals, Ellis felt that a greater sense of caution was needed before applying the eugenic regulations to populations, as \"we have scarcely yet realized how subtle and far-reaching hereditary influences are.\" Instead, because unlike domesticated animals, humans were in charge of who they mated with, Ellis argued that a greater emphasis was needed on public education about how vital this issue was. Ellis thus held much more moderate views than many contemporary eugenicists. In fact, Ellis also fundamentally disagreed with Galton's leading ideas that procreation restrictions were the same as marriage restrictions.", "stating, \"On the whole, it may be said that in the usual life of man odours play a not inconsiderable part and raise problems which are not without interest, but that their demonstrable part in actual sexual selection is comparatively small.\"\n\nViews on women and birth control\nEllis favoured feminism from a eugenic perspective, feeling that the enhanced social, economic, and sexual choices that feminism provided for women would result in women choosing partners who were more eugenically sound. In his view, intelligent women would not choose, nor be forced to marry and procreate with feeble-minded men.\nEllis viewed birth control as merely the continuation of an evolutionary progression, noting", "ideas that procreation restrictions were the same as marriage restrictions. Ellis believed that those who should not procreate should still be able to gain all the other benefits of marriage, and to not allow that was an intolerable burden. This, in his mind, was what led to eugenics being \"misunderstood, ridiculed, and regarded as a fad\".Throughout his life, Ellis was both a member and later a council member of the Eugenics Society. Moreover, he played a role on the General Committee of the First International Eugenics Congress.\n\nSexual impulse in youth\nEllis' 1933 book, Psychology of Sex, is one of the many manifestations of his interest in human", "'superior stocks' who had knowledge of and used birth control while the 'inferior stocks' propagated without checks. Ellis's solution to this was a focus on contraceptives in education, as this would disseminate the knowledge in the populations that he felt needed them the most. Ellis argued that birth control was the only available way of making eugenic selection practicable, as the only other option was wide-scale abstention from intercourse for those who were 'unfit'.\n\nViews on sterilization\nEllis was strongly opposed to the idea of castration of either sex for eugenic purposes. In 1909, regulations were introduced at the Cantonal Asylum in Bern which allowed those deemed" ]

[ "What were Havelock Ellis's views on sterilization?", "Havelock Ellis was strongly opposed to the idea of castration for eugenic purposes.", "Did Havelock Ellis speak out on this matter?", "Yes, Havelock Ellis's publication The Sterilization of the Unfit, Ellis argued that even institutionalization could not guarantee the complete prevention of procreation between the unfit.", "Why was Havelock Ellis against sterilization?", "Havelock Ellis posited that the sexual glands provided an important source of internal secretions vital for the functioning of the organism, and thus their removal could greatly injure the patient.", "Where does Havelock Ellis think sexual impulses reside?", "Havelock Ellis' view on the origin of these inclinations was that sexual impulses do not reside in the sexual organs, but rather they persist in the brain.", "How does Haverlock Ellis' theory on where sexual impules reside relate to sterilization?", "Havelock Ellis hypothesized that if a mentally unfit man is forced to undergo sterilization, he would only become more ill-balanced, and would end up committing more anti-social acts.", "Does Havelock Ellis propose an alternate solution?", "Havelock Ellis preferred coercion as a tool. He supported adding ideas about eugenics and birth control to the education system in order to restructure society, and to promote social hygiene.", "Did Havelock Ellis just not believe in forced sterilization?", "In 1909, regulations were introduced, which allowed those deemed ‘unfit’ and with strong sexual inclinations to be mandatorily sterilized. Havelock Ellis remained staunchly opposed to the practice.", "What methods of coercion did Havelock Ellis think were appropriate?", "Havelock Ellis was in no way against 'persuading' 'volunteers' to undergo sterilization by withdrawing Poor Relief from them.", "What is 'withdrawing Poor Relief'?", "In English and British history, poor relief refers to government and ecclesiastical action to relieve poverty." ]

[ "Henry Havelock Ellis (2 February 1859 – 8 July 1939) was an English physician, eugenicist, writer, progressive intellectual and social reformer who studied human sexuality. He co-wrote the first medical textbook in English on homosexuality in 1897, and also published works on a variety of sexual practices and inclinations, as well as on transgender psychology. He developed the notions of narcissism and autoeroticism, later adopted by psychoanalysis.\nEllis was among the pioneering investigators of psychedelic drugs and the author of one of the first written reports to the public about an experience with mescaline, which he conducted on himself in 1896. He supported eugenics and served as one", "he was always careful to mention the race of the subject and the health of the person's 'stock', which included their neuropathic conditions and the health of their parents. However, Ellis was clear to assert that he did not feel that homosexuality was an issue that eugenics needed to actively deal with, as he felt that once the practice was accepted in society, those with homosexual tendencies would comfortably choose not to marry, and thus would cease to pass the 'homosexual heredity' along.In a debate in the Sociological Society, Ellis corresponded with the eugenicist Francis Galton, who was presenting a paper in support of marriage restrictions. While Galton" ]

[ "Henry Havelock Ellis (2 February 1859 – 8 July 1939) was an English physician, eugenicist, writer, progressive intellectual and social reformer who studied human sexuality. He co-wrote the first medical textbook in English on homosexuality in 1897, and also published works on a variety of sexual practices and inclinations, as well as on transgender psychology. He developed the notions of narcissism and autoeroticism, later adopted by psychoanalysis.\nEllis was among the pioneering investigators of psychedelic drugs and the author of one of the first written reports to the public about an experience with mescaline, which he conducted on himself in 1896. He supported eugenics and served as one" ]

[ "viewers. The show is further debased by the unexplained guest appearance of Coldplay's Chris Martin, in episode 2.4, which bears no relation to the plot and which Millman openly opposes, going so far as to utter the on-camera line, \"Chris Martin, what are you doing in a factory in Wigan? It's mental!\"\nThe presence of studio audiences, canned laughter, and the reliance on funny wigs, costumes and catchphrases for humour is a comment on British comedy hits such as Little Britain and The League of Gentlemen. Many people that Millman sees at the recording of the pilot wear T-shirts displaying comedy catchphrases, such as", "Extras is a British sitcom about extras working in television, film, and theatre. The series was co-produced by the BBC and HBO, and was written and directed by Ricky Gervais and Stephen Merchant, both of whom starred in it. Extras follows the lives of Andy Millman (Gervais), his friend Maggie Jacobs (Ashley Jensen) and Andy's substandard agent and part-time retail employee Darren Lamb (Merchant) as Millman muddles through life as an anonymous \"background performer\" who eventually finds success as a B-list sitcom star.\nExtras has two series of six episodes each as well as a Christmas Special. The first episode aired in the UK on 21", "and Threepenny Opera (1931).\n\nDifferences between film and stage version\nThe film significantly differs from the Broadway musical. In the stage version, Sally is English (as she was in Isherwood's Goodbye to Berlin). In the film adaptation, she is American. Cliff Bradshaw was renamed Brian Roberts and made British (as was Isherwood, upon whom the character was based), rather than American as in the stage version.: 139  The characters and plotlines involving Fritz, Natalia and Max were pulled from I Am a Camera and did not appear in the stage production of Cabaret (or in Goodbye to Berlin).The most significant change involves the excision of the two main", "American adaptation of the British show The Sketch Show, which aired on Fox. The main cast consisted of Malcolm Barrett, Kaitlin Olson, Mary Lynn Rajskub and Paul F. Tompkins, as well as Lee Mack from the British version of the show. Grammer appeared in only short opening and closing segments in each episode. Many of the sketches from the British version were re-created. Only six episodes of the show were made, and it was cancelled after just four of them had aired. In 2007, Grammer starred with Patricia Heaton in the American sitcom Back to You, which Fox cancelled after its first season. His next lead role, ABC's", "the songs for the project, instead of a modern digital console. He explained this by saying that the old console created a completely different sound, which a new console could not accurately reproduce. He said he found the whole project a strange experience, as they had to listen to themselves chatting in the studio, 25–30 years previously. Martin also contributed extensive interviews to the Anthology documentary series. All three of the Anthology double-album releases reached no. 1 in the US.\nMartin was not involved in producing the two new singles reuniting McCartney, Harrison, and Starr, who wanted to overdub two old Lennon demos provided by Yoko Ono—\"Free as a", "discussed their time together and the impact being in a girl band had on their individual mental health.On 6 July 2021, the group released a remake of \"Whole Again\" in support of England at UEFA Euro 2020, entitled \"Southgate You're the One (Football's Coming Home Again)\". Frost returned to the band for the first time since 2008 for the single release. They said: \"It's been a whirlwind couple of days, but we are super excited and grateful to be able to contribute to the awesome energy and patriotism that is filling the England streets with this version of Whole Again. Totally inspired by the England football fans in", "almost 18 months, including playing as undercards for U2 and The Cure, and the band reported feelings of exhaustion to BBC Radio 1 DJ Zane Lowe at a concert in Sunderland. The band took three months off after touring finished. Whilst on the road, the band had also released the one-off track \"Direction\", written for the official soundtrack to HBO's Six Feet Under, Six Feet Under, Vol. 2: Everything Ends.\n\nMove to Capitol Records and Our Love to Admire (2006–2008)\nIn late March 2006, Fogarino confirmed that the band were back in the studio working on new material. In an interview with Pitchfork Media, Fogarino stated \"[the process", "Whistle Blows is the show-within-a-show sitcom created, co-written by and starring Andy Millman. It was first mentioned in episode 1.3, as a script that Millman had written and given to Darren, who neglected to read it (in a recurring joke, he would frequently forget the name of the show, often calling it When the Wind Blows and even confusing it with The Wind in the Willows). The script was turned into a sitcom on BBC One in the first-season finale, after Millman gave the script to Patrick Stewart. Excerpts from the sitcom are featured in the second season, and many of the Extras second season plotlines revolve", "the BBC through his production company. Andy gets a meeting with BBC comedy producers who greenlight his project and agree to allow him to play the starring role in the show.\nSeries Two largely chronicles Andy's frustrations with his sitcom—When the Whistle Blows—which is heavily rewritten by BBC producers, resulting in it being a lowest-common-denominator comedy that relies on a multitude of catchphrases, offensive stereotypes and silly costumes for cheap laughs. Although the sitcom is commercially successful, pulling six million weekly viewers, it is a flop with critics who mercilessly bash both it and Andy. Andy periodically gets a chance to expand his repertoire in film and on", "Peter Cook, playing various characters.Martin scored a major success in 1961 with the Beyond the Fringe show cast album, which starred Peter Cook, Dudley Moore, Alan Bennett, and Jonathan Miller; the show catalyzed Britain's satire boom in the early 1960s. In early 1963, he produced the accompanying soundtrack album for David Frost's satirical BBC TV show That Was the Week That Was, recorded in front of a live audience.Martin frequently used comedy records to experiment with recording techniques and motifs used later on musical records, such as recording magnetic tape at half-speed and then playing it back at normal speed. (Martin used this effect on several Beatles records, such" ]

[ "What was the difference between the UK and US Extra TV series?", "There were some subtle changes between the UK and US versions, with references to the names of British celebrities often being changed to American celebrities for the US edition.", "What were some other differences between the UK and Us Extra TV series?", "In series 2, episode 1, Keith Chegwin's anti-gay tirade. The scene had to be rewritten for the US as the original lines did not translate well.", "Were there any other differences between the UK and Us Extra TV series?", "In series 2, episode 4, Moira Stuart was completely excised from the US version and a song by Coldplay frontman Chris Martin replaced it." ]

[]

[ "by Stephen Fry.\nMillman is deeply unhappy with the show, feeling that too many people have interfered with his original ideas in the hunt for ratings. It appears that Millman originally set out to do a comedy similar to The Office, with true-to-life characters in a realistic work environment, without a studio audience or canned laughter. After being forced to collaborate and compromise many of his ideas with producers at the BBC, the show is transformed into lowest common denominator fare with each character having his/her own catchphrase which are repeated ad nauseam to the delight of its 6 million viewers. The show is further debased by the unexplained" ]

[ "viewers. The show is further debased by the unexplained guest appearance of Coldplay's Chris Martin, in episode 2.4, which bears no relation to the plot and which Millman openly opposes, going so far as to utter the on-camera line, \"Chris Martin, what are you doing in a factory in Wigan? It's mental!\"\nThe presence of studio audiences, canned laughter, and the reliance on funny wigs, costumes and catchphrases for humour is a comment on British comedy hits such as Little Britain and The League of Gentlemen. Many people that Millman sees at the recording of the pilot wear T-shirts displaying comedy catchphrases, such as", "Extras is a British sitcom about extras working in television, film, and theatre. The series was co-produced by the BBC and HBO, and was written and directed by Ricky Gervais and Stephen Merchant, both of whom starred in it. Extras follows the lives of Andy Millman (Gervais), his friend Maggie Jacobs (Ashley Jensen) and Andy's substandard agent and part-time retail employee Darren Lamb (Merchant) as Millman muddles through life as an anonymous \"background performer\" who eventually finds success as a B-list sitcom star.\nExtras has two series of six episodes each as well as a Christmas Special. The first episode aired in the UK on 21", "and Threepenny Opera (1931).\n\nDifferences between film and stage version\nThe film significantly differs from the Broadway musical. In the stage version, Sally is English (as she was in Isherwood's Goodbye to Berlin). In the film adaptation, she is American. Cliff Bradshaw was renamed Brian Roberts and made British (as was Isherwood, upon whom the character was based), rather than American as in the stage version.: 139  The characters and plotlines involving Fritz, Natalia and Max were pulled from I Am a Camera and did not appear in the stage production of Cabaret (or in Goodbye to Berlin).The most significant change involves the excision of the two main", "American adaptation of the British show The Sketch Show, which aired on Fox. The main cast consisted of Malcolm Barrett, Kaitlin Olson, Mary Lynn Rajskub and Paul F. Tompkins, as well as Lee Mack from the British version of the show. Grammer appeared in only short opening and closing segments in each episode. Many of the sketches from the British version were re-created. Only six episodes of the show were made, and it was cancelled after just four of them had aired. In 2007, Grammer starred with Patricia Heaton in the American sitcom Back to You, which Fox cancelled after its first season. His next lead role, ABC's", "the BBC through his production company. Andy gets a meeting with BBC comedy producers who greenlight his project and agree to allow him to play the starring role in the show.\nSeries Two largely chronicles Andy's frustrations with his sitcom—When the Whistle Blows—which is heavily rewritten by BBC producers, resulting in it being a lowest-common-denominator comedy that relies on a multitude of catchphrases, offensive stereotypes and silly costumes for cheap laughs. Although the sitcom is commercially successful, pulling six million weekly viewers, it is a flop with critics who mercilessly bash both it and Andy. Andy periodically gets a chance to expand his repertoire in film and on", "discussed their time together and the impact being in a girl band had on their individual mental health.On 6 July 2021, the group released a remake of \"Whole Again\" in support of England at UEFA Euro 2020, entitled \"Southgate You're the One (Football's Coming Home Again)\". Frost returned to the band for the first time since 2008 for the single release. They said: \"It's been a whirlwind couple of days, but we are super excited and grateful to be able to contribute to the awesome energy and patriotism that is filling the England streets with this version of Whole Again. Totally inspired by the England football fans in", "the songs for the project, instead of a modern digital console. He explained this by saying that the old console created a completely different sound, which a new console could not accurately reproduce. He said he found the whole project a strange experience, as they had to listen to themselves chatting in the studio, 25–30 years previously. Martin also contributed extensive interviews to the Anthology documentary series. All three of the Anthology double-album releases reached no. 1 in the US.\nMartin was not involved in producing the two new singles reuniting McCartney, Harrison, and Starr, who wanted to overdub two old Lennon demos provided by Yoko Ono—\"Free as a", "almost 18 months, including playing as undercards for U2 and The Cure, and the band reported feelings of exhaustion to BBC Radio 1 DJ Zane Lowe at a concert in Sunderland. The band took three months off after touring finished. Whilst on the road, the band had also released the one-off track \"Direction\", written for the official soundtrack to HBO's Six Feet Under, Six Feet Under, Vol. 2: Everything Ends.\n\nMove to Capitol Records and Our Love to Admire (2006–2008)\nIn late March 2006, Fogarino confirmed that the band were back in the studio working on new material. In an interview with Pitchfork Media, Fogarino stated \"[the process", "Whistle Blows is the show-within-a-show sitcom created, co-written by and starring Andy Millman. It was first mentioned in episode 1.3, as a script that Millman had written and given to Darren, who neglected to read it (in a recurring joke, he would frequently forget the name of the show, often calling it When the Wind Blows and even confusing it with The Wind in the Willows). The script was turned into a sitcom on BBC One in the first-season finale, after Millman gave the script to Patrick Stewart. Excerpts from the sitcom are featured in the second season, and many of the Extras second season plotlines revolve", "Got the Music in Me\" was performed on selected dates in Africa and Asia.\n\"Tout l'or des hommes\" was performed only during the first concert in Antwerp (13 May 2008) which means that, in general, \"1 fille & 4 types\" was not represented by any song throughout the whole tour. \"On ne change pas\" was also cut after the first French-speaking concert.\n\"Un garçon pas comme les autres (Ziggy)\" was performed in French-speaking countries in Europe. In Canada it was replaced by \"L’amour existe encore\".\nInitially, during the Queen medley \"We Will Rock You\" was performed by the band as Celine had a costume" ]

[ "What was the difference between the UK and US Extra TV series?", "There were some subtle changes between the UK and US versions, with references to the names of British celebrities often being changed to American celebrities for the US edition.", "What were some other differences between the UK and Us Extra TV series?", "In series 2, episode 1, Keith Chegwin's anti-gay tirade. The scene had to be rewritten for the US as the original lines did not translate well.", "Were there any other differences between the UK and Us Extra TV series?", "In series 2, episode 4, Moira Stuart was completely excised from the US version and a song by Coldplay frontman Chris Martin replaced it.", "Why were there differences between the UK and US Extra TV series?", "Some cultural references did not translate well for the demographic the show was being presented to." ]

[]

[ "than the mockumentary style used by Gervais and Merchant in their previous series The Office. Each episode has at least one guest star: a television or film celebrity, who play what Gervais and Merchant have referred to as \"twisted\" versions of themselves; an exaggerated or inverted parody of their public personas. The show has been critically acclaimed, and has a Metacritic score of 81/100.\n\nCast and characters\nRicky Gervais as Andy Millman\nAshley Jensen as Maggie Jacobs\nStephen Merchant as Darren Lamb (credited as \"Agent\")\nShaun Williamson as Barry from EastEnders (himself)\nShaun Pye as Greg Lindley-Jones\n\nPlot\nAndy Millman (Ricky Gervais) is an aspiring actor who can only find" ]

[ "what is going through my head.\"When asked about his darker sound in 2002, Ice replied; \"Music is about reflection and I'm just reflecting my life and everything it's been and there's no way I'm going to be able to stress what I want and mean over a break beat, you know, it's too emotional and it's too intense, so you have to have the intensity of the band, it's like a symphony, you know, you have to build on the intense parts, and so it just wasn't going to happen, to come extreme over some hip hop record, so to exorcise my demons I had to", "seen as benign—indeed, downright friendly. He has a few bad habits. He cannot resist gobbling up anything and everything that might be consumed, especially cookies. And he cannot quite control the way he spews forth crumbs. He is the quintessential consumer... The budget, for all its intimidating detail, might be seen similarly: as the Ultimate Cookie Monster. ... Its massive presence might be understood as little more than a compilation of cookies received, cookies crumbled, and crumbs spewed forth. Yet, apt though the Cookie Monster perspective may be, it does not suffice...\nIn the Food Network program Good Eats episode \"Three Chips for", "condition common to ours). Through a critical engagement with Levinas, they will explore how certain representations prevent lives from being considered worthy of being lived or taken into account, precluding the mourning of certain Others, and with that the recognition of them and their losses as equally human. This preoccupation with the dignifying or dehumanizing role of practices of framing and representations will constitute one of the central elements of Frames of War (2009).\n\nUndoing Gender (2004)\nUndoing Gender collects Butler's reflections on gender, sex, sexuality, psychoanalysis and the medical treatment of intersex people for a more general readership than many of their other books. Butler", "Club, after the paper for the evening was read and the discussion started, someone began to stammer a remark. He had extreme difficulty in expressing himself and his words were unintelligible to me. I whispered to my neighbour, 'Who's that?': he replied, 'Wittgenstein'. I was astonished because I had expected the famous author of the Tractatus to be an elderly man, whereas this man looked young – perhaps about 35. (His actual age was 49.) His face was lean and brown, his profile was aquiline and strikingly beautiful, his head was covered with a curly mass of brown hair. I observed the respectful attention that", "below reprint articles (To Double Business Bound, 1978; Oedipus Unbound, 2004; Mimesis and Theory, 2008) or are based on articles (A Theatre of Envy, 1991).\n\nGirard, René (2001) [First published 1961], Mensonge romantique et vérité romanesque [Romantic lie & romanesque truth] (in French) (reprint ed.), Paris: Grasset, ISBN 2-246-04072-8 (English translation: ——— (1966), Deceit, Desire and the Novel: Self and Other in Literary Structure, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, ISBN 0-8018-1830-3).\n——— (1962), Proust: A Collection of Critical Essays, Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall.\n——— (1963), Dostoïevski, du double à", "Clouds), a train (Murder on the Orient Express), a steamship (Death on the Nile), a smart London flat (Cards on the Table), a resort in the West Indies (A Caribbean Mystery), or an archaeological dig (Murder in Mesopotamia) – but the circle of potential suspects is usually closed and intimate: family members, friends, servants, business associates, fellow travellers.: 37  Stereotyped characters abound (the femme fatale, the stolid policeman, the devoted servant, the dull colonel), but these may be subverted to stymie the reader; impersonations and secret alliances are always possible.: 58  There is always a motive – most often, money: \"There are very", "and ritual. The genesis of language and ritual is very slow and we must imagine that there are also kinds of rituals among the animals: \"It is the originary scapegoating which prolongs itself in a process which can be infinitely long in moving from, how should I say, from instinctive ritualization, instinctive prohibition, instinctive separation of the antagonists, which you already find to a certain extent in animals, towards representation.\"Unlike Eric Gans, Girard does not think that there is an original scene during which there is \"a sudden shift from non-representation to representation,\" or a sudden shift from animality to humanity.\nAccording to the French sociologist Camille", "shift from animality to humanity.\nAccording to the French sociologist Camille Tarot, it is hard to understand how the process of representation (i.e., symbolicity and language) actually occurs and he has called this a black box in Girard's theory.Girard also says:\n\n One great characteristic of man is what they [the authors of the modern theory of evolution] call neoteny, the fact that the human infant is born premature, with an open skull, no hair and a total inability to fend for himself. To keep it alive, therefore, there must be some form of cultural protection, because in the world of mammals, such infants would not survive, they", "from having a \"viable life\" as the biggest concerns are usually about whether a person will be accepted if their desires differ from normality. Butler states that one may feel the need of being recognized in order to live, but that at the same time, the conditions to be recognized make life \"unlivable\". The writer proposes an interrogation of such conditions so that people who resist them may have more possibilities of living.In Butler's discussion of intersex issues and people, Butler addresses the case of David Reimer, a person whose sex was medically reassigned from male to female after a botched circumcision at eight months of age. Reimer", "held captive due to their \"dangerousness\".Butler also writes here on vulnerability and precariousness as intrinsic to the human condition. This is due to our inevitable interdependency from other precarious subjects, who are never really \"complete\" or autonomous but instead always \"dispossessed\" on the Other. This is manifested in shared experiences like grief and loss, that can form the basis for a recognition of our shared human (vulnerable) condition. However, not every loss can be mourned in the same way, and in fact not every life can be conceived of as such (as situated in a condition common to ours). Through a critical engagement with Levinas," ]

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[ "4 August 2008, the band confirmed the name of their third album as Off with Their Heads. It was released on 20 October 2008. The first single \"Never Miss a Beat\" was released on 6 October 2008.The band also released a DVD of their live performance at Elland Road from 24 May where they played to a sold out capacity crowd of 40,000 people. The DVD contains the full set from the home of Leeds United as well as highlights from the Kaiser Chiefs performance for the 2007 BBC Electric Proms.\nKaiser Chiefs set out on a UK tour in October 2008 with Castle Donington band Late of the Pier and The Hair." ]

[ "4 August 2008, the band confirmed the name of their third album as Off with Their Heads. It was released on 20 October 2008. The first single \"Never Miss a Beat\" was released on 6 October 2008.The band also released a DVD of their live performance at Elland Road from 24 May where they played to a sold out capacity crowd of 40,000 people. The DVD contains the full set from the home of Leeds United as well as highlights from the Kaiser Chiefs performance for the 2007 BBC Electric Proms.\nKaiser Chiefs set out on a UK tour in October 2008 with Castle Donington band Late of the Pier and The Hair.", "single and received the 2007 'Q Award' for 'Best Video'. \"Everything Is Average Nowadays\" was released as the album's second single, and reached No. 19 in the UK. The album's third single \"The Angry Mob\" peaked at number twenty-two in the UK. The fourth single, \"Love's Not a Competition (But I'm Winning)\", was released on 12 November as a collector's edition 7\" only single via their website.\nIn December 2007, Kaiser Chiefs played two sold-out shows at Earl's Court in London to a capacity crowd of 30,000.\n\nOff with Their Heads (2008–2009)\nOn 4 August 2008, the band confirmed the name of their third", "Kaiser Chiefs are an English indie rock band from Leeds who originally formed in 1997 as Runston Parva, before reforming as Parva in 2000, and releasing one studio album, 22, in 2003, before renaming and establishing themselves in their current name that same year. Since their formation, the band has consisted of lead vocalist Ricky Wilson, guitarist Andrew \"Whitey\" White, bassist Simon Rix, keyboardist Nick \"Peanut\" Baines and since 2013 drummer Vijay Mistry, who replaced founding drummer Nick Hodgson following his departure from the band in late 2012.Primarily inspired by new wave and punk rock music of the late 1970s and 1980s, the band have released seven original studio", "the singles released by the band from 2004 to 2012, as well as a new track titled \"Listen to Your Head\".\nDrummer Nick Hodgson revealed via his Twitter account on 4 December 2012 that he had left the band to concentrate on other projects. The band later issued a statement on their website confirming this. On 7 February 2013 it was announced that Vijay Mistry from the band Club Smith would be joining the Kaiser Chiefs as their new drummer.\nThe band were one of two support bands for Green Day's one-off concert at the Emirates Stadium in London on 1 June 2013 along with All Time Low. The band's UK tour included", "with Castle Donington band Late of the Pier and The Hair. The tour started at Leeds Academy, a new venue where they were the first headlining band to play. Other dates included Manchester Academy, Southampton Guildhall, Reading Rivermead, Glasgow Barrowlands, Leicester De Montfort Hall and London Forum.Kaiser Chiefs headed out on a UK Arena tour between February and March 2009, kicking off in Nottingham and ending in London. The tour visited Sheffield, Birmingham, Edinburgh, Aberdeen, Newcastle, Manchester, Liverpool, Cardiff and Dublin. This was the new album tour to promote Off with Their Heads. The band featured on several shows over Christmas 2008 including performing \"Never Miss a Beat\"", "Future Is Medieval (2010–2011)\nFollowing a hiatus, Kaiser Chiefs announced that they expected to release their fourth studio album in mid-2011. The album was recorded over a period of eighteen months at various locations including drummer Nick Hodgson's self-built east-London studio. The album's producers included Tony Visconti, Ethan Johns and Owen Morris, in addition to Nick Hodgson himself. On 3 June 2011, Kaiser Chiefs launched their new album from their website. Using a create-your-own album technique, fans were able to choose 10 out of 20 songs to create \"their album\" for £7.50; the band provides streams of roughly one minute to preview each track before selection.", "6 March 2012 the album was re-released under the title Start The Revolution Without Me for the US market. The track list differs significantly from the initial release, including the track \"On The Run\", which is exclusive to the US album and served as its lead single in early 2012.\n\nSouvenir, Hodgson's departure (2012–2013)\nIn early 2012, Kaiser Chiefs played a 20 date tour of the United Kingdom, followed by a tour of North America.Kaiser Chiefs released their first compilation album, Souvenir: The Singles 2004–2012, in the UK on 4 June 2012. The album features all of the singles released by the band from 2004 to 2012, as", "\"No one would touch them because they had a history. A lot of people used their history against them.\" The band decided that they would aim for a longer-term record deal and started afresh with new songs and a new name: Kaiser Chiefs. The new name was taken from South African football club Kaizer Chiefs, the first club of ex-Leeds United captain Lucas Radebe.Manager James Sandom was tipped off about the band by Drowned in Sound founder Sean Adams, who persuaded him to go and see them live. Sandom said: \"I went to see a couple of shows and you were just bombarded by a series of potential hit", "is Medieval Tour (2011-2012)\nSouvenir Tour (2012-2013)\nEducation, Education, Education & War Tour (2014-2015)\nStay Together Tour (2016-2018)\nDuck Tour (2019-2021)\nAll Together (2022)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website\nKaiser Chiefs discography at Discogs", "(2014–2015)\nThe band's fifth studio album, titled Education, Education, Education & War was released on 31 March 2014. Education, Education, Education & War is the first album featuring the new Kaiser Chiefs drummer, Vijay Mistry, after Nick Hodgson left the group in December 2012. The album was produced by Ben H. Allen III (who has previously worked with Gnarls Barkley, Animal Collective, and Deerhunter), and recorded at The Maze Studio in Atlanta. Three songs were co-written with Fraser T Smith (CeeLo Green, Adele). It was mixed by Michael Brauer (My Morning Jacket, Coldplay) at Electric Lady Studios in New York City in November 2013." ]

[ "What is Off with Their Heads?", "Off with Their Heads is the third studio album by English rock band Kaiser Chiefs, and was released on 20 October 2008 in the UK.", "When was Off with Their Heads released?", "Off with Their Heads was released on 20 October 2008 in the UK, and on 25 August 2009 in the United States." ]

[]

[ "lives.\" Van Matre described the title track as \"an impression of the sounds and sensory perceptions of the road, at times nerve-wracking, at times as repetitious as the center dividing strip, but chiefly hypnotic\"; and called the track \"by far the finest and most accessible thing on the album\". Van Matre also said the remaining tracks on the album are \"more experimental, less catchy – but it makes the whole thing worthwhile\". Some critics such as Gerry Baker of Fort Worth Star-Telegram and Wayne Robins of Newsday included the album in their honorable mentions on their lists of the best albums of 1975.\n\nRetrospective reviews\nIn 1985, Simon" ]

[ "4 August 2008, the band confirmed the name of their third album as Off with Their Heads. It was released on 20 October 2008. The first single \"Never Miss a Beat\" was released on 6 October 2008.The band also released a DVD of their live performance at Elland Road from 24 May where they played to a sold out capacity crowd of 40,000 people. The DVD contains the full set from the home of Leeds United as well as highlights from the Kaiser Chiefs performance for the 2007 BBC Electric Proms.\nKaiser Chiefs set out on a UK tour in October 2008 with Castle Donington band Late of the Pier and The Hair." ]

[ "What is Off with Their Heads?", "Off with Their Heads is the third studio album by English rock band Kaiser Chiefs, and was released on 20 October 2008 in the UK.", "When was Off with Their Heads released?", "Off with Their Heads was released on 20 October 2008 in the UK, and on 25 August 2009 in the United States.", "How well was Off with Their Heads received?", "Off with Their Heads had generally good reviews. Allmusic gave it a 4 out of 5.", "Did Kaiser Chiefs tour for Off with Their Heads?", "Kaiser Chiefs headed out on a UK Arena tour between February and March 2009. This was the new album tour to promote Off with Their Heads.", "Did Kaiser Chiefs tour outside of the UK?", "Education, Education, Education & War was toured across Europe and the Americas throughout 2014 and 2015.", "Did Kaiser Chiefs play any venues in North America?", "In early 2012, Kaiser Chiefs played a 20 date tour of the United Kingdom, followed by a tour of North America." ]

[ "the singles released by the band from 2004 to 2012, as well as a new track titled \"Listen to Your Head\".\nDrummer Nick Hodgson revealed via his Twitter account on 4 December 2012 that he had left the band to concentrate on other projects. The band later issued a statement on their website confirming this. On 7 February 2013 it was announced that Vijay Mistry from the band Club Smith would be joining the Kaiser Chiefs as their new drummer.\nThe band were one of two support bands for Green Day's one-off concert at the Emirates Stadium in London on 1 June 2013 along with All Time Low. The band's UK tour included", "single and received the 2007 'Q Award' for 'Best Video'. \"Everything Is Average Nowadays\" was released as the album's second single, and reached No. 19 in the UK. The album's third single \"The Angry Mob\" peaked at number twenty-two in the UK. The fourth single, \"Love's Not a Competition (But I'm Winning)\", was released on 12 November as a collector's edition 7\" only single via their website.\nIn December 2007, Kaiser Chiefs played two sold-out shows at Earl's Court in London to a capacity crowd of 30,000.\n\nOff with Their Heads (2008–2009)\nOn 4 August 2008, the band confirmed the name of their third", "with Castle Donington band Late of the Pier and The Hair. The tour started at Leeds Academy, a new venue where they were the first headlining band to play. Other dates included Manchester Academy, Southampton Guildhall, Reading Rivermead, Glasgow Barrowlands, Leicester De Montfort Hall and London Forum.Kaiser Chiefs headed out on a UK Arena tour between February and March 2009, kicking off in Nottingham and ending in London. The tour visited Sheffield, Birmingham, Edinburgh, Aberdeen, Newcastle, Manchester, Liverpool, Cardiff and Dublin. This was the new album tour to promote Off with Their Heads. The band featured on several shows over Christmas 2008 including performing \"Never Miss a Beat\"", "is Medieval Tour (2011-2012)\nSouvenir Tour (2012-2013)\nEducation, Education, Education & War Tour (2014-2015)\nStay Together Tour (2016-2018)\nDuck Tour (2019-2021)\nAll Together (2022)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website\nKaiser Chiefs discography at Discogs", "Kaiser Chiefs are an English indie rock band from Leeds who originally formed in 1997 as Runston Parva, before reforming as Parva in 2000, and releasing one studio album, 22, in 2003, before renaming and establishing themselves in their current name that same year. Since their formation, the band has consisted of lead vocalist Ricky Wilson, guitarist Andrew \"Whitey\" White, bassist Simon Rix, keyboardist Nick \"Peanut\" Baines and since 2013 drummer Vijay Mistry, who replaced founding drummer Nick Hodgson following his departure from the band in late 2012.Primarily inspired by new wave and punk rock music of the late 1970s and 1980s, the band have released seven original studio", "6 March 2012 the album was re-released under the title Start The Revolution Without Me for the US market. The track list differs significantly from the initial release, including the track \"On The Run\", which is exclusive to the US album and served as its lead single in early 2012.\n\nSouvenir, Hodgson's departure (2012–2013)\nIn early 2012, Kaiser Chiefs played a 20 date tour of the United Kingdom, followed by a tour of North America.Kaiser Chiefs released their first compilation album, Souvenir: The Singles 2004–2012, in the UK on 4 June 2012. The album features all of the singles released by the band from 2004 to 2012, as", "documented the band's rise from being unsigned to their triumph at the Brit Awards that year, where the band won awards for 'Best British Band', 'Best Rock Act' and 'Best New Artist'. Later a DVD entitled Enjoyment, which documented concerts from the first album era was released, this showed members of the band hypothetically interviewed when 'jaded rock stars'.\nIn October 2008, they also appeared on MTV Day, in Greece, along with bands like the (Greek) C-Real, REM and the singer Gabriella Cilmi.During an appearance on the Late Show with David Letterman, David Letterman spoke to Nick Hodgson about buying the Kaiser Chiefs drum set after a", "at Electric Lady Studios in New York City in November 2013. On 5 December 2013, Kaiser Chiefs released a song titled \"Misery Company\" onto their SoundCloud account. The song had previously been performed live during the band's 2013 summer tour. On 3 January 2014, \"Bows & Arrows\" premiered on Rolling Stone magazine's website.\nEducation, Education, Education & War was toured across Europe and the Americas throughout 2014 and 2015.\nIn 2015, they supported the Foo Fighters during the South Africa, South America and Ireland legs of their Sonic Highways World Tour. They also released stand alone single 'Falling Awake' on 27 January 2015 via their YouTube channel.\n\nStay Together", "and you were just bombarded by a series of potential hit singles.\" Soon after Sandom became their manager, Kaiser Chiefs signed to B-Unique Records. Atlantic Records had also made an offer for the band.\n\nEmployment (2004–2005)\nIn July 2004, while still relatively unknown inside the UK, Kaiser Chiefs performed their first festival outside the UK at a festival in Moscow. One of the major factors in the band's breakthrough in 2005 was their involvement in the NME Awards Tour at the beginning of the year. Like Coldplay and Franz Ferdinand before them, their position as opening act proved an influential one, attracting a lot of positive media attention.The group's debut" ]

[ "the singles released by the band from 2004 to 2012, as well as a new track titled \"Listen to Your Head\".\nDrummer Nick Hodgson revealed via his Twitter account on 4 December 2012 that he had left the band to concentrate on other projects. The band later issued a statement on their website confirming this. On 7 February 2013 it was announced that Vijay Mistry from the band Club Smith would be joining the Kaiser Chiefs as their new drummer.\nThe band were one of two support bands for Green Day's one-off concert at the Emirates Stadium in London on 1 June 2013 along with All Time Low. The band's UK tour included" ]

[ "eight years, played drums in the school jazz band, and the two were inspired to play punk rock after seeing D.O.A. perform at the University of Victoria. They began rehearsing in their parents' basement in 1979, and took the name Nomeansno from an anti-date rape slogan that was found on a graffitied wall. They also briefly gigged as the rhythm section for the local cover band Castle.Nomeansno recorded its earliest material in the months that followed on a TASCAM four-track recorder, with Rob playing electric guitar and bass, John playing keyboards and drums, and both brothers singing. Some of these recordings were issued as their", "the movie, where they played \"Lonesome Train (On A Lonesome Track)\". To coincide with the release of the film, a fourth Coral single, \"Lonesome Train (On A Lonesome Track)\" backed with \"I Just Found Out\" (Coral 61758), was released on January 5, 1957, under the name of the Johnny Burnette Trio, but, like the group's earlier releases, it failed to chart.\nIn the meantime, Dorsey returned to Memphis and found himself a lead guitarist and a bassist whilst he switched to rhythm guitar and vocals. Calling themselves Dorsey Burnette and the Rock and Roll Trio, they briefly toured the South before calling it quits.\nDespite their", "that Martin taught him \"how to use the studio as a tool\", and allowed him to record the album in a relaxed atmosphere, which was different from the pressurised control in a professional studio. In 1979 he worked with Ron Goodwin to produce the album containing The Beatles Concerto, written by John Rutter.\nIn 1988, Martin produced an album version of the play Under Milk Wood, with music by Martin, Elton John, and Mark Knopfler; Anthony Hopkins played the part of \"First Voice\".In 1979, Martin opened AIR Montserrat, a studio on the Caribbean island of Montserrat. This studio was destroyed by Hurricane Hugo ten years later.\n\nLater work,", "television for the first time on January 4, 2010, sixteen years after its release.\nOn January 1, 1995, the band released their first compilation album, Cool, which reached number one. The band gave an opportunity for fans to create the track list and the top fourteen of their favorite songs made it into the album. Singles released in 1995, \"Kansha shite\", \"Shiyouyo\", \"Donna Iikoto\", and \"Oretachini Asu wa Aru\", all reached number one on the charts, giving the band six consecutive number-one singles since \"Gambarimasho\" released in the previous year. \"Oretachini Asu wa Aru\" became the band's sixth best selling", "created an acoustic anomaly that was audible on recordings, often giving them a big, deep yet raw sound. Soul music historian Rob Bowman notes that because of the distinctive sound, soul music fans can tell often within the first few notes if a song was recorded at Stax. When Tom Dowd first arrived at Stax in 1963 the studio was still using the veteran Ampex mono recorder it had purchased in the late Fifties. Dowd immediately suggested that a two-track recorder should be installed. The Stax team were appalled at the idea, fearing that the distinctive \"Stax sound\" would be destroyed. However, Dowd pointed out that stereo albums sold for", "Avenue Q, the character of Trekkie Monster is loosely based on Cookie Monster, sharing his speech pattern and addictive personality.We wanted his name to indicate that he was obsessed, like Cookie Monster is obsessed with cookies. So we used \"Trekkie\" both because it sounded like \"cookie\" and because Trekkies are, by definition, obsessive fanatics.\n\nMusic\nThe guttural singing style in death metal bands is commonly (if facetiously) compared to Cookie Monster's low-pitched, gravelly voice.John Lennon's song \"Hold On\", recorded in 1970 (only a year after Sesame Street debuted), features Lennon shouting \"Cookie!\" in Cookie Monster's voice, in the middle of the instrumental", "He had decided that a sound awash in treble would be the key to success. He told Burlison to turn up the treble on the amp, which created a pinched, stinging tone to Paul's lead guitar. The rest of the session produced four songs, \"Midnight Train\", \"Tear It Up\", \"Oh Baby Babe\" and a reprise of the old Von cut \"You're Undecided\".\nOn May 26, 1956, Coral released the Trio's first single \"Tear It Up\" backed with \"You're Undecided\" (Coral 61651), and they jumped into Dorsey's 1955 Ford for appearances on Dick Clark's American Bandstand, Steve Allen's Tonight Show and", "with Karl Haas; Martin, Haas, and Peter Ustinov soon founded the London Baroque Society together. He also developed a friendship and working relationship with composer Sidney Torch and signed Ron Goodwin to a recording contract. In 1953, Martin produced Goodwin's first record, an instrumental cover of Charlie Chaplin's theme from Limelight, which made it to no. 3 on the British charts.Despite these early breakthroughs, Martin resented EMI's preference in the early 1950s for short-playing 78 rpm records instead of the new longer-playing 33+1⁄3 and 45 rpm formats coming into fashion on other labels. He also proved uncomfortable as a song plugger when occasionally assigned the task", "to Elektra, due to its lack of new wave acts, allowing the band to stand out more compared to Arista which had many new wave artists. The band's debut album The Cars was released in June 1978, reaching No. 18 on the Billboard 200. \"Just What I Needed\" was released as the debut single from the album, followed by \"My Best Friend's Girl\" and \"Good Times Roll\", all three charting on the Billboard Hot 100. The album featured multiple album tracks that received substantial airplay, such as \"You're All I've Got Tonight\", \"Bye Bye Love\", and \"Moving in Stereo\".\nReleased in June 1979, Candy-O,", "You Must Hear Before You Die. The album reached No.10 in the UK Charts.\nIt was preceded by the singles \"Strangelove\", released on 13 April, \"Never Let Me Down Again\", released on 24 August. Two other singles followed the release of the album, one being \"Behind the Wheel\", released 28 December, and the other being \"Little 15\", which was released on 16 May the following year.\n\nBackground\nDaniel Miller, who had co-produced Depeche Mode's previous album, voluntarily stepped away from production duties for this album, citing the growing tension in the studio that they had experienced during the recording of Black Celebration. With Miller's approval, the band" ]

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[ "contains two additional tracks: “Only Love” and “Kiss B” . The album was met with success and sold 50,000 copies upon release.His first full-length Korean solo album, WWW was released on October 29, 2013. A single titled \"Sunny Day\" was released ahead of the album and topped the iTunes EP chart in Japan. A repackaged version of the album, WWW: Remove Makeup was subsequently released in January 2014 and included the title track \"Heaven\", a pop ballad with label-mate Gummy. To promote his first album, Kim embarked on his first Asia tour which traveled to regional countries like Japan, Taiwan and China.He sang \"싫어도 (But" ]

[ "contains two additional tracks: “Only Love” and “Kiss B” . The album was met with success and sold 50,000 copies upon release.His first full-length Korean solo album, WWW was released on October 29, 2013. A single titled \"Sunny Day\" was released ahead of the album and topped the iTunes EP chart in Japan. A repackaged version of the album, WWW: Remove Makeup was subsequently released in January 2014 and included the title track \"Heaven\", a pop ballad with label-mate Gummy. To promote his first album, Kim embarked on his first Asia tour which traveled to regional countries like Japan, Taiwan and China.He sang \"싫어도 (But", "Kim Jae-joong (Korean: 김재중; Hanja: 金在中; born January 26, 1986), also known mononymously as Jaejoong in South Korea and Jejung/J-Jun (ジェジュン) in Japan, is a South Korean singer, songwriter, actor and director. He is a member of the Korean pop group JYJ and was one of the original members of boy band TVXQ, where he was formerly known by the stage name Hero Jae-joong (Korean: 영웅재중; Hanja: 英雄在中). Since 2013, he has expanded his range of activities as a solo artist, and in 2023, he formed his own agency iNKODE where he", "in 2023, he formed his own agency iNKODE where he serves as the Chief Strategy Officer.\nBorn in Gongju, Chungcheongnam-do, he moved to Seoul as a teenager to audition for SM Entertainment. From 2003 to 2010, he was the lead vocalist of South Korean boy band TVXQ. Later, he sued SM Entertainment along with Park Yoo-chun and Kim Jun-su and together they separated from TVXQ to form JYJ. As a solo artist, he has released three Korean studio albums, WWW (2013), No.X (2016), and Born Gene (2022). The first two reached number one on the Gaon Music Chart. In Japan, his three studio", "and was named the most popular K-pop album in China for 2016. He completed his military service in December 2016 and returned to the entertainment industry with his acting performance in Manhole (2017).\n\n2018–2022: Solo albums and establishment of own agency\nKim released his first Japanese single \"Sign / Your Love\" on June 27, 2018. On October 24, 2018, he released his second Japanese single, \"Defiance\" / \"Lavender\". Both singles would be certified gold (selling over 100,000 copies) by the Recording Industry Association of Japan. Those two songs would be featured on his first Japanese album, Flawless Love which was released on April 10, 2019. The album would", "JYJ (formerly known as Junsu/Jejung/Yuchun in Japan) is a South Korean boy band formed in 2010 by Kim Junsu, Kim Jae-joong, and Park Yoo-chun, the three former members of TVXQ. Their group name is taken from the initial letters of each member's names. The group was formerly managed by C-JeS Entertainment in Korea.\nIn April 2010, they released their debut record, the Japanese EP The..., which topped the Japanese Oricon Albums Chart. Their subsequent releases, including their global debut album, The Beginning (2010) and their second studio album and first Korean full-length album, In Heaven (2011), all debuted at number one", "for adoption by his biological mother to the Kim family, and his name was changed to Kim Jae-joong. On November 21, 2006, a man with the surname Han filed a lawsuit against Kim's guardians. Han claimed he was Kim's biological father, and thus wanted parental rights. Han cited the reason for the lawsuit against Kim's legal guardians as \"for not going through the proper procedures before registering [Jaejoong] in [the legal guardians'] custody.\" The first hearing was to be held in Kim's hometown, Gongju, on November 29, 2006, but on November 22 Han dropped the charges against Kim's legal guardians. In reaction to the matter,", "charges against Kim's legal guardians. In reaction to the matter, Kim uploaded a journal entry on his official fan club website, and said that he was informed of the existence of separate biological parents by his mother two or three years ago, and it had been quite a shock to him. With his adoptive mother's support, his biological mother was able to keep in touch with him, and to meet occasionally, but whereabouts of his father had been unknown. He expressed his will to live by the name of Kim Jae-joong, not by his birth name Han Jae-jun (한재준).When Kim was fifteen, he moved to Seoul", "Kim was fifteen, he moved to Seoul by himself in order to take part in the auditions held by SM Entertainment. Life in Seoul was financially difficult and he took various odd jobs to pay for rent, food, and training fees; and even appeared as an extra in movies. In an interview, he admitted he used to be tone-deaf in primary school and was frequently ridiculed for his dream of becoming a singer, but managed to overcome it through practicing alone.Kim attended Gongju Jungdong Elementary School (중동초등학교), Kongju National University Middle School (공주대학교 사범대학", "regional countries like Japan, Taiwan and China.He sang \"싫어도 (But I)\" and \"우연 (Coincidence)\" for the drama Triangle (2014) in which he also starred. In July 2014, as a member of JYJ, they would release their first studio album in three years, Just Us. The band reached the music charts with the song, \"Back Seat\".Prior to his military enlistment in 2015, Kim recorded the songs for his second Korean solo album, No.X, which was released on February 12, 2016. It topped iTunes charts of 39 countries around the world upon its release, and was named the most popular K-pop album in China for", "YouTube. JYJ was scheduled to visit Vietnam, Guangzhou, and the Philippines in the end of 2013 to promote the 2014 Asian Games.\nJYJ were appointed honorary ambassadors for the 7th World Water Forum held in South Korea in April 2015.\n\nDiscography\nEnglish albumsThe Beginning (2010)Korean albumsIn Heaven (2011)\nJust Us (2014)\n\nPhotobooks and magazines\n2011: 3hree Voices II. Photo Story --- Photobook with bonus DVD including highlights and undisclosed footage of 3hree Voices II\n2012: JYJ Premiere Collection \"Mahalo\" --- Photobook with bonus DVD\n2012: \"The JYJ\" Vol. 1 - The Story of 1000 Days --- Magazine with bonus DVD containing pictorials and interviews regarding their 1000" ]

[ "When was Kim Jae-joong first sound track released?", "WWW is the first solo studio album recorded by South Korean singer Kim Jaejoong. The album was released on 29 October 2013 by C-JeS Entertainment.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "Born in Gongju, Chungcheongnam-do as Han Jae-joon , he was adopted into the Kim family at a young age." ]

[]

[ "album The Secret Code, along with the songs \"9095\" and \"9096\" which were also composed by Kim. The song, \"忘れないで\" was used in a television advertisement for cosmetics in Japan.Apart from his activities as a member of TVXQ, he sang \"Insa\" (인사, Greeting) for the soundtrack of A Millionaire's First Love (2006). Kim collaborated with The Grace for the Japanese version of their song \"Just for One Day\", which was featured on their fifth Japanese single and their debut album, Graceful 4 (2007). Kim sang \"Love\" for the soundtrack of the film Heaven's Postman (2009) in which he starred as" ]

[ "contains two additional tracks: “Only Love” and “Kiss B” . The album was met with success and sold 50,000 copies upon release.His first full-length Korean solo album, WWW was released on October 29, 2013. A single titled \"Sunny Day\" was released ahead of the album and topped the iTunes EP chart in Japan. A repackaged version of the album, WWW: Remove Makeup was subsequently released in January 2014 and included the title track \"Heaven\", a pop ballad with label-mate Gummy. To promote his first album, Kim embarked on his first Asia tour which traveled to regional countries like Japan, Taiwan and China.He sang \"싫어도 (But" ]

[ "When was Kim Jae-joong first sound track released?", "WWW is the first solo studio album recorded by South Korean singer Kim Jaejoong. The album was released on 29 October 2013 by C-JeS Entertainment.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "Born in Gongju, Chungcheongnam-do as Han Jae-joon , he was adopted into the Kim family at a young age.", "Did Kim Jae-joong sing for any other sound tracks?", "Kim Jae-joong sang Love for the soundtrack of the film Heaven's Postman in which he starred as the male lead." ]

[ "Kim Jae-joong (Korean: 김재중; Hanja: 金在中; born January 26, 1986), also known mononymously as Jaejoong in South Korea and Jejung/J-Jun (ジェジュン) in Japan, is a South Korean singer, songwriter, actor and director. He is a member of the Korean pop group JYJ and was one of the original members of boy band TVXQ, where he was formerly known by the stage name Hero Jae-joong (Korean: 영웅재중; Hanja: 英雄在中). Since 2013, he has expanded his range of activities as a solo artist, and in 2023, he formed his own agency iNKODE where he", "and was named the most popular K-pop album in China for 2016. He completed his military service in December 2016 and returned to the entertainment industry with his acting performance in Manhole (2017).\n\n2018–2022: Solo albums and establishment of own agency\nKim released his first Japanese single \"Sign / Your Love\" on June 27, 2018. On October 24, 2018, he released his second Japanese single, \"Defiance\" / \"Lavender\". Both singles would be certified gold (selling over 100,000 copies) by the Recording Industry Association of Japan. Those two songs would be featured on his first Japanese album, Flawless Love which was released on April 10, 2019. The album would", "for adoption by his biological mother to the Kim family, and his name was changed to Kim Jae-joong. On November 21, 2006, a man with the surname Han filed a lawsuit against Kim's guardians. Han claimed he was Kim's biological father, and thus wanted parental rights. Han cited the reason for the lawsuit against Kim's legal guardians as \"for not going through the proper procedures before registering [Jaejoong] in [the legal guardians'] custody.\" The first hearing was to be held in Kim's hometown, Gongju, on November 29, 2006, but on November 22 Han dropped the charges against Kim's legal guardians. In reaction to the matter,", "in 2023, he formed his own agency iNKODE where he serves as the Chief Strategy Officer.\nBorn in Gongju, Chungcheongnam-do, he moved to Seoul as a teenager to audition for SM Entertainment. From 2003 to 2010, he was the lead vocalist of South Korean boy band TVXQ. Later, he sued SM Entertainment along with Park Yoo-chun and Kim Jun-su and together they separated from TVXQ to form JYJ. As a solo artist, he has released three Korean studio albums, WWW (2013), No.X (2016), and Born Gene (2022). The first two reached number one on the Gaon Music Chart. In Japan, his three studio", "charges against Kim's legal guardians. In reaction to the matter, Kim uploaded a journal entry on his official fan club website, and said that he was informed of the existence of separate biological parents by his mother two or three years ago, and it had been quite a shock to him. With his adoptive mother's support, his biological mother was able to keep in touch with him, and to meet occasionally, but whereabouts of his father had been unknown. He expressed his will to live by the name of Kim Jae-joong, not by his birth name Han Jae-jun (한재준).When Kim was fifteen, he moved to Seoul", "of his own agency iNKODE, which would produce new idols as well as his own activities including serving as the Chief Strategy Officer. Noh Hyun-tae, the former vice president of Cube Entertainment, will serve as the CEO.\n\nActing career\nPrior to his debut as a singer, Kim worked as an extra, playing a soldier in film Taegeukgi. Along with the other members of TVXQ, he acted in television programmes, Banjun Theater and Vacation.In November 2009, Kim co-starred with Han Hyo-joo in the joint Korean-Japanese telecinema Heaven's Postman as a young man who delivers letters written by the living to the dead and helps lingering ghosts settle their", "album The Secret Code, along with the songs \"9095\" and \"9096\" which were also composed by Kim. The song, \"忘れないで\" was used in a television advertisement for cosmetics in Japan.Apart from his activities as a member of TVXQ, he sang \"Insa\" (인사, Greeting) for the soundtrack of A Millionaire's First Love (2006). Kim collaborated with The Grace for the Japanese version of their song \"Just for One Day\", which was featured on their fifth Japanese single and their debut album, Graceful 4 (2007). Kim sang \"Love\" for the soundtrack of the film Heaven's Postman (2009) in which he starred as", "JYJ (formerly known as Junsu/Jejung/Yuchun in Japan) is a South Korean boy band formed in 2010 by Kim Junsu, Kim Jae-joong, and Park Yoo-chun, the three former members of TVXQ. Their group name is taken from the initial letters of each member's names. The group was formerly managed by C-JeS Entertainment in Korea.\nIn April 2010, they released their debut record, the Japanese EP The..., which topped the Japanese Oricon Albums Chart. Their subsequent releases, including their global debut album, The Beginning (2010) and their second studio album and first Korean full-length album, In Heaven (2011), all debuted at number one", "Kim was fifteen, he moved to Seoul by himself in order to take part in the auditions held by SM Entertainment. Life in Seoul was financially difficult and he took various odd jobs to pay for rent, food, and training fees; and even appeared as an extra in movies. In an interview, he admitted he used to be tone-deaf in primary school and was frequently ridiculed for his dream of becoming a singer, but managed to overcome it through practicing alone.Kim attended Gongju Jungdong Elementary School (중동초등학교), Kongju National University Middle School (공주대학교 사범대학" ]

[ "Kim Jae-joong (Korean: 김재중; Hanja: 金在中; born January 26, 1986), also known mononymously as Jaejoong in South Korea and Jejung/J-Jun (ジェジュン) in Japan, is a South Korean singer, songwriter, actor and director. He is a member of the Korean pop group JYJ and was one of the original members of boy band TVXQ, where he was formerly known by the stage name Hero Jae-joong (Korean: 영웅재중; Hanja: 英雄在中). Since 2013, he has expanded his range of activities as a solo artist, and in 2023, he formed his own agency iNKODE where he" ]

[ "Kim Jae-joong (Korean: 김재중; Hanja: 金在中; born January 26, 1986), also known mononymously as Jaejoong in South Korea and Jejung/J-Jun (ジェジュン) in Japan, is a South Korean singer, songwriter, actor and director. He is a member of the Korean pop group JYJ and was one of the original members of boy band TVXQ, where he was formerly known by the stage name Hero Jae-joong (Korean: 영웅재중; Hanja: 英雄在中). Since 2013, he has expanded his range of activities as a solo artist, and in 2023, he formed his own agency iNKODE where he", "contains two additional tracks: “Only Love” and “Kiss B” . The album was met with success and sold 50,000 copies upon release.His first full-length Korean solo album, WWW was released on October 29, 2013. A single titled \"Sunny Day\" was released ahead of the album and topped the iTunes EP chart in Japan. A repackaged version of the album, WWW: Remove Makeup was subsequently released in January 2014 and included the title track \"Heaven\", a pop ballad with label-mate Gummy. To promote his first album, Kim embarked on his first Asia tour which traveled to regional countries like Japan, Taiwan and China.He sang \"싫어도 (But", "in 2023, he formed his own agency iNKODE where he serves as the Chief Strategy Officer.\nBorn in Gongju, Chungcheongnam-do, he moved to Seoul as a teenager to audition for SM Entertainment. From 2003 to 2010, he was the lead vocalist of South Korean boy band TVXQ. Later, he sued SM Entertainment along with Park Yoo-chun and Kim Jun-su and together they separated from TVXQ to form JYJ. As a solo artist, he has released three Korean studio albums, WWW (2013), No.X (2016), and Born Gene (2022). The first two reached number one on the Gaon Music Chart. In Japan, his three studio", "JYJ (formerly known as Junsu/Jejung/Yuchun in Japan) is a South Korean boy band formed in 2010 by Kim Junsu, Kim Jae-joong, and Park Yoo-chun, the three former members of TVXQ. Their group name is taken from the initial letters of each member's names. The group was formerly managed by C-JeS Entertainment in Korea.\nIn April 2010, they released their debut record, the Japanese EP The..., which topped the Japanese Oricon Albums Chart. Their subsequent releases, including their global debut album, The Beginning (2010) and their second studio album and first Korean full-length album, In Heaven (2011), all debuted at number one", "and was named the most popular K-pop album in China for 2016. He completed his military service in December 2016 and returned to the entertainment industry with his acting performance in Manhole (2017).\n\n2018–2022: Solo albums and establishment of own agency\nKim released his first Japanese single \"Sign / Your Love\" on June 27, 2018. On October 24, 2018, he released his second Japanese single, \"Defiance\" / \"Lavender\". Both singles would be certified gold (selling over 100,000 copies) by the Recording Industry Association of Japan. Those two songs would be featured on his first Japanese album, Flawless Love which was released on April 10, 2019. The album would", "charges against Kim's legal guardians. In reaction to the matter, Kim uploaded a journal entry on his official fan club website, and said that he was informed of the existence of separate biological parents by his mother two or three years ago, and it had been quite a shock to him. With his adoptive mother's support, his biological mother was able to keep in touch with him, and to meet occasionally, but whereabouts of his father had been unknown. He expressed his will to live by the name of Kim Jae-joong, not by his birth name Han Jae-jun (한재준).When Kim was fifteen, he moved to Seoul", "for adoption by his biological mother to the Kim family, and his name was changed to Kim Jae-joong. On November 21, 2006, a man with the surname Han filed a lawsuit against Kim's guardians. Han claimed he was Kim's biological father, and thus wanted parental rights. Han cited the reason for the lawsuit against Kim's legal guardians as \"for not going through the proper procedures before registering [Jaejoong] in [the legal guardians'] custody.\" The first hearing was to be held in Kim's hometown, Gongju, on November 29, 2006, but on November 22 Han dropped the charges against Kim's legal guardians. In reaction to the matter,", "Middle School (공주대학교 사범대학 부설중학교), Kongju Information High School (공주정보고등학교) and then dropped out in 2001. He enrolled Hanam High School (하남고등학교) in 2005 and Kyung Hee Cyber University (경희사이버대학교), majoring in Digital Media Engineering.\n\nMusic career\n2003–2010: Member of TVXQ\nIn 2001, at fifteen years old, Kim auditioned for S.M. Entertainment and was accepted into the agency. From 2003 to 2010, he was the lead vocalist of South Korean boy band TVXQ. After TVXQ went on hiatus in early", "credited as JYJ. That same year, the group's profile was removed from C-JeS's website, confirming they are no longer active under the label. On April 18, 2023, Jaejoong became the last member to leave C-JeS to pursue a producing career.\n\nLawsuits against S.M. Entertainment & Avex\nIn mid-2009, Jaejoong, Yoochun and Junsu (then-members of group TVXQ) filed a lawsuit against SM Entertainment, arguing that the 13-year length and structure of their exclusive contracts as well as the terms of profit distribution were unilaterally & unfairly disadvantageous towards the artists and should be invalidated. The Seoul Central District Court in October 2009", "of his own agency iNKODE, which would produce new idols as well as his own activities including serving as the Chief Strategy Officer. Noh Hyun-tae, the former vice president of Cube Entertainment, will serve as the CEO.\n\nActing career\nPrior to his debut as a singer, Kim worked as an extra, playing a soldier in film Taegeukgi. Along with the other members of TVXQ, he acted in television programmes, Banjun Theater and Vacation.In November 2009, Kim co-starred with Han Hyo-joo in the joint Korean-Japanese telecinema Heaven's Postman as a young man who delivers letters written by the living to the dead and helps lingering ghosts settle their" ]

[ "When was Kim Jae-joong first sound track released?", "WWW is the first solo studio album recorded by South Korean singer Kim Jaejoong. The album was released on 29 October 2013 by C-JeS Entertainment.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "Born in Gongju, Chungcheongnam-do as Han Jae-joon , he was adopted into the Kim family at a young age.", "Did Kim Jae-joong sing for any other sound tracks?", "Kim Jae-joong sang Love for the soundtrack of the film Heaven's Postman in which he starred as the male lead.", "Did Kim Jae-joong sing with anyone?", "Kim Jae-joong used to perform as a member of the Korean pop group JYJ, and was one of the original members of boy band TVXQ." ]

[]

[ "album The Secret Code, along with the songs \"9095\" and \"9096\" which were also composed by Kim. The song, \"忘れないで\" was used in a television advertisement for cosmetics in Japan.Apart from his activities as a member of TVXQ, he sang \"Insa\" (인사, Greeting) for the soundtrack of A Millionaire's First Love (2006). Kim collaborated with The Grace for the Japanese version of their song \"Just for One Day\", which was featured on their fifth Japanese single and their debut album, Graceful 4 (2007). Kim sang \"Love\" for the soundtrack of the film Heaven's Postman (2009) in which he starred as" ]

[]

[ "When was Kim Jae-joong first sound track released?", "WWW is the first solo studio album recorded by South Korean singer Kim Jaejoong. The album was released on 29 October 2013 by C-JeS Entertainment.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "Born in Gongju, Chungcheongnam-do as Han Jae-joon , he was adopted into the Kim family at a young age.", "Did Kim Jae-joong sing for any other sound tracks?", "Kim Jae-joong sang Love for the soundtrack of the film Heaven's Postman in which he starred as the male lead.", "Did Kim Jae-joong sing with anyone?", "Kim Jae-joong used to perform as a member of the Korean pop group JYJ, and was one of the original members of boy band TVXQ.", "Were there any other collaborations Kim Jae-joong did?", "Kim Jae-joong collaborated with label-mates The Grace for the Japanese version of their song Just for One Day.", "Did Kim Jae-joong ever perform live?", "Kim Jae-joong performed two rounds of lives: the four-day Thanksgiving Live in Dome concerts with JYJ at Osaka Dome." ]

[ "Kim Jae-joong (Korean: 김재중; Hanja: 金在中; born January 26, 1986), also known mononymously as Jaejoong in South Korea and Jejung/J-Jun (ジェジュン) in Japan, is a South Korean singer, songwriter, actor and director. He is a member of the Korean pop group JYJ and was one of the original members of boy band TVXQ, where he was formerly known by the stage name Hero Jae-joong (Korean: 영웅재중; Hanja: 英雄在中). Since 2013, he has expanded his range of activities as a solo artist, and in 2023, he formed his own agency iNKODE where he", "contains two additional tracks: “Only Love” and “Kiss B” . The album was met with success and sold 50,000 copies upon release.His first full-length Korean solo album, WWW was released on October 29, 2013. A single titled \"Sunny Day\" was released ahead of the album and topped the iTunes EP chart in Japan. A repackaged version of the album, WWW: Remove Makeup was subsequently released in January 2014 and included the title track \"Heaven\", a pop ballad with label-mate Gummy. To promote his first album, Kim embarked on his first Asia tour which traveled to regional countries like Japan, Taiwan and China.He sang \"싫어도 (But", "JYJ (formerly known as Junsu/Jejung/Yuchun in Japan) is a South Korean boy band formed in 2010 by Kim Junsu, Kim Jae-joong, and Park Yoo-chun, the three former members of TVXQ. Their group name is taken from the initial letters of each member's names. The group was formerly managed by C-JeS Entertainment in Korea.\nIn April 2010, they released their debut record, the Japanese EP The..., which topped the Japanese Oricon Albums Chart. Their subsequent releases, including their global debut album, The Beginning (2010) and their second studio album and first Korean full-length album, In Heaven (2011), all debuted at number one", "in 2023, he formed his own agency iNKODE where he serves as the Chief Strategy Officer.\nBorn in Gongju, Chungcheongnam-do, he moved to Seoul as a teenager to audition for SM Entertainment. From 2003 to 2010, he was the lead vocalist of South Korean boy band TVXQ. Later, he sued SM Entertainment along with Park Yoo-chun and Kim Jun-su and together they separated from TVXQ to form JYJ. As a solo artist, he has released three Korean studio albums, WWW (2013), No.X (2016), and Born Gene (2022). The first two reached number one on the Gaon Music Chart. In Japan, his three studio", "album The Secret Code, along with the songs \"9095\" and \"9096\" which were also composed by Kim. The song, \"忘れないで\" was used in a television advertisement for cosmetics in Japan.Apart from his activities as a member of TVXQ, he sang \"Insa\" (인사, Greeting) for the soundtrack of A Millionaire's First Love (2006). Kim collaborated with The Grace for the Japanese version of their song \"Just for One Day\", which was featured on their fifth Japanese single and their debut album, Graceful 4 (2007). Kim sang \"Love\" for the soundtrack of the film Heaven's Postman (2009) in which he starred as", "and was named the most popular K-pop album in China for 2016. He completed his military service in December 2016 and returned to the entertainment industry with his acting performance in Manhole (2017).\n\n2018–2022: Solo albums and establishment of own agency\nKim released his first Japanese single \"Sign / Your Love\" on June 27, 2018. On October 24, 2018, he released his second Japanese single, \"Defiance\" / \"Lavender\". Both singles would be certified gold (selling over 100,000 copies) by the Recording Industry Association of Japan. Those two songs would be featured on his first Japanese album, Flawless Love which was released on April 10, 2019. The album would", "and a sheltered meeting spot which can serve as classrooms for children.\n\n2012\nIn February 2012, JYJ was appointed as honorary ambassadors for the 2012 Nuclear Security Summit to be held in Seoul on March 26 and 27.\n\n2013–2015\nOn February 20, 2013, JYJ was appointed as honorary ambassadors to help raise awareness for the 2014 Asian Games. The group participated in producing a music video for the Asian Games and took on international promotional activities in October and November. On September 3, 2013, teaser of the official MV of 2014 Incheon Asian song 'Only One' by JYJ was released on YouTube. JYJ was scheduled to visit Vietnam, Guangzhou, and the", "YouTube. JYJ was scheduled to visit Vietnam, Guangzhou, and the Philippines in the end of 2013 to promote the 2014 Asian Games.\nJYJ were appointed honorary ambassadors for the 7th World Water Forum held in South Korea in April 2015.\n\nDiscography\nEnglish albumsThe Beginning (2010)Korean albumsIn Heaven (2011)\nJust Us (2014)\n\nPhotobooks and magazines\n2011: 3hree Voices II. Photo Story --- Photobook with bonus DVD including highlights and undisclosed footage of 3hree Voices II\n2012: JYJ Premiere Collection \"Mahalo\" --- Photobook with bonus DVD\n2012: \"The JYJ\" Vol. 1 - The Story of 1000 Days --- Magazine with bonus DVD containing pictorials and interviews regarding their 1000", "charges against Kim's legal guardians. In reaction to the matter, Kim uploaded a journal entry on his official fan club website, and said that he was informed of the existence of separate biological parents by his mother two or three years ago, and it had been quite a shock to him. With his adoptive mother's support, his biological mother was able to keep in touch with him, and to meet occasionally, but whereabouts of his father had been unknown. He expressed his will to live by the name of Kim Jae-joong, not by his birth name Han Jae-jun (한재준).When Kim was fifteen, he moved to Seoul", "regional countries like Japan, Taiwan and China.He sang \"싫어도 (But I)\" and \"우연 (Coincidence)\" for the drama Triangle (2014) in which he also starred. In July 2014, as a member of JYJ, they would release their first studio album in three years, Just Us. The band reached the music charts with the song, \"Back Seat\".Prior to his military enlistment in 2015, Kim recorded the songs for his second Korean solo album, No.X, which was released on February 12, 2016. It topped iTunes charts of 39 countries around the world upon its release, and was named the most popular K-pop album in China for" ]

[ "Kim Jae-joong (Korean: 김재중; Hanja: 金在中; born January 26, 1986), also known mononymously as Jaejoong in South Korea and Jejung/J-Jun (ジェジュン) in Japan, is a South Korean singer, songwriter, actor and director. He is a member of the Korean pop group JYJ and was one of the original members of boy band TVXQ, where he was formerly known by the stage name Hero Jae-joong (Korean: 영웅재중; Hanja: 英雄在中). Since 2013, he has expanded his range of activities as a solo artist, and in 2023, he formed his own agency iNKODE where he" ]

[ "family. They are the first characters from a television series to receive this recognition while still in production. The stamps, designed by Matt Groening, went on sale in May 2009.Lisa has also appeared in other media relating to The Simpsons. She has appeared in each Simpsons video game, including The Simpsons Game, released in 2007. In addition to the television series, Lisa regularly appeared in issues of Simpsons Comics, which were published from 1993 until 2018. The comics focus on the sweeter, more naïve incarnation from the early seasons. Lisa also plays a role in The Simpsons Ride, launched in 2008 at Universal Studios Florida and Hollywood.\n\nReferences\nSources\n\nCartwright, Nancy", "extremely controlled by her ideals and noble, and she undergoes drastic changes when she or anyone else is immoral, such as renouncing Homer's last name and taking Marge's when she discovers that Homer bet against her in a crossword puzzle competition.\n\nCharacter\nCreation\nMatt Groening conceived Lisa and the rest of the Simpson family in 1986 in the lobby of producer James L. Brooks's office. Groening had been called in to pitch a series of animated shorts for The Tracey Ullman Show and had intended to present an adaptation of his Life in Hell comic strip. When he realized that animating Life in Hell would require him to rescind publication rights,", "symptoms because of the sudden lack of praise. She even demands that her mother grade her for no obvious reason. In Planet Simpson, Chris Turner writes that these traits make Lisa more realistic because \"No character can aspire to realism without a few all-too-human flaws.\"Although she is wise beyond her years, Lisa has typical childhood issues, sometimes requiring adult intervention. One episode to show this is \"See Homer Run\" (season seventeen, 2005) where she goes through a developmental condition which causes her to get into trouble at school. In \"Lost Our Lisa\" (season nine, 1998), she tricks Homer into allowing her to ride the bus alone, only", "After appearing on The Tracey Ullman Show for three years, the Simpson family were moved to their own series on Fox, which debuted on December 17, 1989.\nIntelligent, kind and passionate about the planet and all living things, Lisa Simpson, at seven years old for the first 3 seasons of the Simpsons and eight years old from season 3 episode 1 onwards , she is the second child of Homer and Marge, the younger sister of Bart, and the older sister of Maggie. Lisa's high intellect and left-wing political stance creates a barrier between her and other children her age; therefore she is considered a bit of a loner and social", "Lisa Marie Simpson is a fictional character in the animated television series The Simpsons. She is the middle child of the Simpson family. Voiced by Yeardley Smith, Lisa was born as a character in The Tracey Ullman Show short \"Good Night\" on April 19, 1987. Cartoonist Matt Groening created and designed her while waiting to meet James L. Brooks. Groening had been invited to pitch a series of shorts based on his comic Life in Hell, but instead decided to create a new set of characters. He named the older Simpson daughter after his younger sister Lisa Groening Bartlett. After appearing on The Tracey Ullman Show for three years, the" ]

[]

[ "Ullman Show shorts, Lisa was something of a \"female Bart\": equally mischievous but lacking unique traits. As the series progressed, Lisa began to develop into a more intelligent and more emotional character. She demonstrates her intellect in the 1990 episode \"Krusty Gets Busted\" (season one), by helping Bart reveal Sideshow Bob's plot to frame Krusty the Clown for armed robbery. Many episodes focusing on Lisa have an emotional nature, such as \"Moaning Lisa\" (season one, 1990). The idea for the episode was pitched by James L. Brooks, who wanted to do an emotional episode involving Lisa's sadness, to complement the many \"jokey episodes\" in the", "has never been confirmed on screen, showrunner Al Jean said in a 2019 interview with The Metro that he had always envisaged for Lisa to grow up to become bisexual and polyamorous. In a 2020 interview with the Stryker & Klein show on KROQ Radio, Yeardley Smith said that she believed that Lisa was \"still exploring her sexuality\". Smith also asked fans to stop speculating on Lisa's sexuality, as she was \"ultimately an eight-year old girl\".\n\nReception\nCommendations\nLisa has been a popular character since the show's inception. She was listed at number 11 (tied with Bart) in TV Guide's \"Top 50 Greatest Cartoon Characters of All Time.\"", "is perpetually set in the year of broadcast (except for occasional flashbacks and flashforwards). In several episodes, events have been linked to specific time periods, although this timeline has been contradicted in subsequent episodes. Lisa's year of birth is given in \"Lisa's First Word\" (season 4, 1992) as 1984, during the Summer Olympics. The episode \"That '90s Show\" (season 19, 2008), however, contradicts much of the established backstory; for example, it presents Homer and Marge as being childless in the late 1990s. Lisa is a lover of music, with jazz as her favorite genre; she specifically singles out Miles Davis's 1957 album Birth", "views. She is a vegetarian, feminist, environmentalist and a supporter of gay rights and the Free Tibet movement. In a special Christmas message for the UK in 2004 Lisa showed her support for Cornish nationalism, even speaking the Cornish language to get her message across. While supportive of the general ideals of the Christian church in which she was raised, Lisa became a practicing Buddhist in the episode \"She of Little Faith\" (season 13, 2001) after she learned about the Noble Eightfold Path. An \"End Apartheid Now\" poster can be seen on her bedroom door during earlier seasons. She is extremely controlled by her ideals and noble, and she undergoes drastic", "as constructive and heroic, yet she can be self-righteous at times. In \"Lisa the Vegetarian\", an increasing sense of moral righteousness leads her to disrupt her father's roast-pig barbecue, an act for which she later apologizes. Like most children her age, she thinks in images rather than words. Episodes often take shots at Lisa's idealism. In \"Bart Star\" (season nine, 1997), Lisa, who is departing from her typically more genuine nature and apparently looking for a new cause to crusade over, defiantly declares that she, a girl, would like to join the football team. In the 1990s, it was considered odd to allow a girl to" ]

[ "Ullman Show shorts, Lisa was something of a \"female Bart\": equally mischievous but lacking unique traits. As the series progressed, Lisa began to develop into a more intelligent and more emotional character. She demonstrates her intellect in the 1990 episode \"Krusty Gets Busted\" (season one), by helping Bart reveal Sideshow Bob's plot to frame Krusty the Clown for armed robbery. Many episodes focusing on Lisa have an emotional nature, such as \"Moaning Lisa\" (season one, 1990). The idea for the episode was pitched by James L. Brooks, who wanted to do an emotional episode involving Lisa's sadness, to complement the many \"jokey episodes\" in the" ]

[ "Ullman Show shorts, Lisa was something of a \"female Bart\": equally mischievous but lacking unique traits. As the series progressed, Lisa began to develop into a more intelligent and more emotional character. She demonstrates her intellect in the 1990 episode \"Krusty Gets Busted\" (season one), by helping Bart reveal Sideshow Bob's plot to frame Krusty the Clown for armed robbery. Many episodes focusing on Lisa have an emotional nature, such as \"Moaning Lisa\" (season one, 1990). The idea for the episode was pitched by James L. Brooks, who wanted to do an emotional episode involving Lisa's sadness, to complement the many \"jokey episodes\" in the", "After appearing on The Tracey Ullman Show for three years, the Simpson family were moved to their own series on Fox, which debuted on December 17, 1989.\nIntelligent, kind and passionate about the planet and all living things, Lisa Simpson, at seven years old for the first 3 seasons of the Simpsons and eight years old from season 3 episode 1 onwards , she is the second child of Homer and Marge, the younger sister of Bart, and the older sister of Maggie. Lisa's high intellect and left-wing political stance creates a barrier between her and other children her age; therefore she is considered a bit of a loner and social", "extremely controlled by her ideals and noble, and she undergoes drastic changes when she or anyone else is immoral, such as renouncing Homer's last name and taking Marge's when she discovers that Homer bet against her in a crossword puzzle competition.\n\nCharacter\nCreation\nMatt Groening conceived Lisa and the rest of the Simpson family in 1986 in the lobby of producer James L. Brooks's office. Groening had been called in to pitch a series of animated shorts for The Tracey Ullman Show and had intended to present an adaptation of his Life in Hell comic strip. When he realized that animating Life in Hell would require him to rescind publication rights,", "symptoms because of the sudden lack of praise. She even demands that her mother grade her for no obvious reason. In Planet Simpson, Chris Turner writes that these traits make Lisa more realistic because \"No character can aspire to realism without a few all-too-human flaws.\"Although she is wise beyond her years, Lisa has typical childhood issues, sometimes requiring adult intervention. One episode to show this is \"See Homer Run\" (season seventeen, 2005) where she goes through a developmental condition which causes her to get into trouble at school. In \"Lost Our Lisa\" (season nine, 1998), she tricks Homer into allowing her to ride the bus alone, only", "Lisa Marie Simpson is a fictional character in the animated television series The Simpsons. She is the middle child of the Simpson family. Voiced by Yeardley Smith, Lisa was born as a character in The Tracey Ullman Show short \"Good Night\" on April 19, 1987. Cartoonist Matt Groening created and designed her while waiting to meet James L. Brooks. Groening had been invited to pitch a series of shorts based on his comic Life in Hell, but instead decided to create a new set of characters. He named the older Simpson daughter after his younger sister Lisa Groening Bartlett. After appearing on The Tracey Ullman Show for three years, the", "being unable to pursue her dream as a musician due to inheriting her father's fingers and having to spend her time with Marge in being a homemaker, Lisa gives up on school and becomes a juvenile delinquent in \"Separate Vocations\". She is stopped by Bart who encourages her to keep proving people wrong and pursue her dreams as a musician.\nLisa has demonstrated an acute sense of sensitivity, often bursting into tears whenever emotionally overwhelmed. First shown in the Season 1 episode, \"Moaning Lisa\", when Homer hurts his daughter's feelings midway in the episode, there has been a sizable portion of episodes featuring Lisa sobbing, to the point where it", "family. They are the first characters from a television series to receive this recognition while still in production. The stamps, designed by Matt Groening, went on sale in May 2009.Lisa has also appeared in other media relating to The Simpsons. She has appeared in each Simpsons video game, including The Simpsons Game, released in 2007. In addition to the television series, Lisa regularly appeared in issues of Simpsons Comics, which were published from 1993 until 2018. The comics focus on the sweeter, more naïve incarnation from the early seasons. Lisa also plays a role in The Simpsons Ride, launched in 2008 at Universal Studios Florida and Hollywood.\n\nReferences\nSources\n\nCartwright, Nancy", "is perpetually set in the year of broadcast (except for occasional flashbacks and flashforwards). In several episodes, events have been linked to specific time periods, although this timeline has been contradicted in subsequent episodes. Lisa's year of birth is given in \"Lisa's First Word\" (season 4, 1992) as 1984, during the Summer Olympics. The episode \"That '90s Show\" (season 19, 2008), however, contradicts much of the established backstory; for example, it presents Homer and Marge as being childless in the late 1990s. Lisa is a lover of music, with jazz as her favorite genre; she specifically singles out Miles Davis's 1957 album Birth" ]

[ "How did Lisa Simpson's development start?", "Lisa Simpson demonstrates her intellect in the 1990 episode Krusty Gets Busted, by helping Bart reveal Sideshow Bob's plot to frame Krusty the Clown for armed robbery." ]

[ "for Lisa. Producers considered Smith's voice too high for a boy, so she was given the role of Lisa. In the Tracey Ullman Show shorts, Lisa was something of a \"female Bart\" who mirrored her brother's mischief, but as the series progressed she became a liberal voice of reason which has drawn both praise and criticism from fans of the show. Because of her unusual pointed hairstyle, many animators consider Lisa the most difficult Simpsons character to draw.\nTV Guide ranked her 11th (tied with Bart) on their list of the \"Top 50 Greatest Cartoon Characters of All Time\". Her environmentalism has been especially well-received; several episodes featuring her", "\"I always sounded too much like a girl, I read two lines as Bart and they said, 'Thanks for coming!'\" Pietila offered Smith the role of Lisa instead.\nSmith and the show's writers worked to give Lisa a more defined personality, and she has developed greatly during the series. In her 2000 memoir My Life as a 10-Year-Old Boy, Cartwright wrote: \"with the brilliant wit of the writers and the wry, in-your-eye, honest-to-a-fault interpretation, Yeardley Smith has made Lisa a bright light of leadership, full of compassion and competence beyond her years. Lisa Simpson is the kind of child we not only want our children to" ]

[ "for Lisa. Producers considered Smith's voice too high for a boy, so she was given the role of Lisa. In the Tracey Ullman Show shorts, Lisa was something of a \"female Bart\" who mirrored her brother's mischief, but as the series progressed she became a liberal voice of reason which has drawn both praise and criticism from fans of the show. Because of her unusual pointed hairstyle, many animators consider Lisa the most difficult Simpsons character to draw.\nTV Guide ranked her 11th (tied with Bart) on their list of the \"Top 50 Greatest Cartoon Characters of All Time\". Her environmentalism has been especially well-received; several episodes featuring her" ]

[ "Ullman Show shorts, Lisa was something of a \"female Bart\": equally mischievous but lacking unique traits. As the series progressed, Lisa began to develop into a more intelligent and more emotional character. She demonstrates her intellect in the 1990 episode \"Krusty Gets Busted\" (season one), by helping Bart reveal Sideshow Bob's plot to frame Krusty the Clown for armed robbery. Many episodes focusing on Lisa have an emotional nature, such as \"Moaning Lisa\" (season one, 1990). The idea for the episode was pitched by James L. Brooks, who wanted to do an emotional episode involving Lisa's sadness, to complement the many \"jokey episodes\" in the", "for Lisa. Producers considered Smith's voice too high for a boy, so she was given the role of Lisa. In the Tracey Ullman Show shorts, Lisa was something of a \"female Bart\" who mirrored her brother's mischief, but as the series progressed she became a liberal voice of reason which has drawn both praise and criticism from fans of the show. Because of her unusual pointed hairstyle, many animators consider Lisa the most difficult Simpsons character to draw.\nTV Guide ranked her 11th (tied with Bart) on their list of the \"Top 50 Greatest Cartoon Characters of All Time\". Her environmentalism has been especially well-received; several episodes featuring her", "Lisa Marie Simpson is a fictional character in the animated television series The Simpsons. She is the middle child of the Simpson family. Voiced by Yeardley Smith, Lisa was born as a character in The Tracey Ullman Show short \"Good Night\" on April 19, 1987. Cartoonist Matt Groening created and designed her while waiting to meet James L. Brooks. Groening had been invited to pitch a series of shorts based on his comic Life in Hell, but instead decided to create a new set of characters. He named the older Simpson daughter after his younger sister Lisa Groening Bartlett. After appearing on The Tracey Ullman Show for three years, the", "extremely controlled by her ideals and noble, and she undergoes drastic changes when she or anyone else is immoral, such as renouncing Homer's last name and taking Marge's when she discovers that Homer bet against her in a crossword puzzle competition.\n\nCharacter\nCreation\nMatt Groening conceived Lisa and the rest of the Simpson family in 1986 in the lobby of producer James L. Brooks's office. Groening had been called in to pitch a series of animated shorts for The Tracey Ullman Show and had intended to present an adaptation of his Life in Hell comic strip. When he realized that animating Life in Hell would require him to rescind publication rights,", "After appearing on The Tracey Ullman Show for three years, the Simpson family were moved to their own series on Fox, which debuted on December 17, 1989.\nIntelligent, kind and passionate about the planet and all living things, Lisa Simpson, at seven years old for the first 3 seasons of the Simpsons and eight years old from season 3 episode 1 onwards , she is the second child of Homer and Marge, the younger sister of Bart, and the older sister of Maggie. Lisa's high intellect and left-wing political stance creates a barrier between her and other children her age; therefore she is considered a bit of a loner and social", "The Tracey Ullman Show short \"Good Night\". In 1989, the shorts were adapted into The Simpsons, a half-hour series on the Fox Broadcasting Company.\n\nDesign\nThe entire Simpson family was designed to be easily recognized in silhouette. The family was crudely drawn, because Groening had submitted basic sketches to the animators, assuming they would clean them up; instead, they just traced over his drawings. Lisa's physical features are generally unique. In some early episodes, minor background characters occasionally had a similar hairline. However, in the later seasons, no character other than Maggie shares her hairline. While designing Lisa, Groening \"couldn't be bothered to even think about", "\"I always sounded too much like a girl, I read two lines as Bart and they said, 'Thanks for coming!'\" Pietila offered Smith the role of Lisa instead.\nSmith and the show's writers worked to give Lisa a more defined personality, and she has developed greatly during the series. In her 2000 memoir My Life as a 10-Year-Old Boy, Cartwright wrote: \"with the brilliant wit of the writers and the wry, in-your-eye, honest-to-a-fault interpretation, Yeardley Smith has made Lisa a bright light of leadership, full of compassion and competence beyond her years. Lisa Simpson is the kind of child we not only want our children to", "family. They are the first characters from a television series to receive this recognition while still in production. The stamps, designed by Matt Groening, went on sale in May 2009.Lisa has also appeared in other media relating to The Simpsons. She has appeared in each Simpsons video game, including The Simpsons Game, released in 2007. In addition to the television series, Lisa regularly appeared in issues of Simpsons Comics, which were published from 1993 until 2018. The comics focus on the sweeter, more naïve incarnation from the early seasons. Lisa also plays a role in The Simpsons Ride, launched in 2008 at Universal Studios Florida and Hollywood.\n\nReferences\nSources\n\nCartwright, Nancy", "symptoms because of the sudden lack of praise. She even demands that her mother grade her for no obvious reason. In Planet Simpson, Chris Turner writes that these traits make Lisa more realistic because \"No character can aspire to realism without a few all-too-human flaws.\"Although she is wise beyond her years, Lisa has typical childhood issues, sometimes requiring adult intervention. One episode to show this is \"See Homer Run\" (season seventeen, 2005) where she goes through a developmental condition which causes her to get into trouble at school. In \"Lost Our Lisa\" (season nine, 1998), she tricks Homer into allowing her to ride the bus alone, only", "Life in Hell would require him to rescind publication rights, Groening went in another direction, hurriedly sketching his version of a dysfunctional family, named after members of his own family. Lisa was named after Groening's younger sister, but little else was based on her. In The Tracey Ullman Show shorts, Lisa displayed little of the intelligence for which she later became known. She was more of a \"female Bart\" and was originally described as simply the \"middle child\", without much personality.Lisa made her debut with the rest of the Simpson family on April 19, 1987, in The Tracey Ullman Show short \"Good Night\". In 1989, the" ]

[ "How did Lisa Simpson's development start?", "Lisa Simpson demonstrates her intellect in the 1990 episode Krusty Gets Busted, by helping Bart reveal Sideshow Bob's plot to frame Krusty the Clown for armed robbery.", "How was Lisa Simpson like Bart Simpson?", "In The Tracey Ullman Show shorts, Lisa Simpson was something of a female Bart: equally mischievous but lacking unique traits.", "What were some of the episodes when Lisa Simpson was in deveopment?", "Many episodes focusing on Lisa Simpson have an emotional nature, such as Moaning Lisa." ]

[]

[ "therefore she is considered a bit of a loner and social outcast. Lisa is a dietary vegetarian, a strong environmentalist, a feminist, and a Buddhist. Lisa's character develops many times over the course of the show: she becomes a vegetarian in season 7, converts to Buddhism in season 13, and becomes a vegan in season 32. A strong liberal and activist for peace, equality and the environment, Lisa advocates for a variety of political causes (e.g. standing with the Tibetan independence movement) which usually sets her against most of the people in Springfield. However, she can also be somewhat intolerant of opinions that differ from her own, often" ]

[ "Chicago is an American rock band formed in Chicago in 1967. The group began calling itself the Chicago Transit Authority (after the city's mass transit agency) in 1968, then shortened the name in 1969. Self-described as a \"rock and roll band with horns\", Chicago was much influenced by jazz in its early years, and its songs often also combine elements of classical music, R&B, and pop music.\nGrowing out of several bands from the Chicago area in the late 1960s, the line-up consisted of Peter Cetera on bass, Terry Kath on guitar, Robert Lamm on keyboards, \nLee Loughnane on trumpet, James Pankow on trombone, Walter Parazaider", "had five consecutive number-one albums on the Billboard 200 and 20 top-ten singles on the Billboard Hot 100. In 1974 the group had seven albums, its entire catalog at the time, on the Billboard 200 simultaneously. The group has received ten Grammy Award nominations, winning one for the song, \"If You Leave Me Now\". The group's first album, Chicago Transit Authority, released in 1969, was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2014. The original line-up of Chicago was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2016. In 2017, Peter Cetera, Robert Lamm, and James Pankow were elected to the Songwriters Hall of Fame", "1967.: 58–59\n\nChicago Transit Authority and early success\nWhile gaining some success as a cover band, the group began working on original songs. In June 1968, at manager James William Guercio's request, the Big Thing moved to Los Angeles, California, signed with Columbia Records and changed its name to Chicago Transit Authority. It was while performing on a regular basis at the Whisky a Go Go nightclub in West Hollywood that the band got exposure to more famous musical artists of the time. They subsequently became the opening act for Janis Joplin and Jimi Hendrix.: 77–78, 106–107  As relayed to a group biographer, William James Ruhlmann, by Walt Parazaider,", "a group biographer, William James Ruhlmann, by Walt Parazaider, Jimi Hendrix once told Parazaider, \"'Jeez, your horn players are like one set of lungs and your guitar player is better than me.'\"Their first record (April 1969), Chicago Transit Authority, is a double album, a rarity for a band's initial studio release. The album made it to No. 17 on the Billboard 200 album chart, sold over one million copies by 1970, and was awarded a platinum disc. The album included a number of pop-rock songs – \"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?\", \"Beginnings\", \"Questions 67 and 68\", and \"I'm a", "Jr.In 2013, Lamm, Loughnane, Pankow, and Parazaider appeared in the HBO film Clear History as the band Chicago. In late 2013, the band began releasing singles for a new album, starting with \"Somethin' Comin', I Know\" in August, \"America\" in September, \"Crazy Happy\" in December 2013, and \"Naked in the Garden of Allah\" in January 2014. The album, titled Chicago XXXVI: Now, was released on July 4, 2014.The group's debut album, Chicago Transit Authority, released in 1969, was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2014. On January 25 and 28 of 2014 Chicago performed two concerts with the Chicago Symphony", "and James Pankow were elected to the Songwriters Hall of Fame for their songwriting efforts as members of the music group. Chicago received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award on October 16, 2020.\n\nGroup history\nThe Big Thing\nThe group now known as Chicago began on February 15, 1967, at a meeting involving saxophonist Walter Parazaider, guitarist Terry Kath, drummer Danny Seraphine, trombonist James Pankow, trumpet player Lee Loughnane, and keyboardist/singer Robert Lamm. Kath, Parazaider, and Seraphine had played together previously in two other groups—Jimmy Ford and the Executives, and the Missing Links.: 29–49  Parazaider had met Pankow and Loughnane when they were all students at" ]

[ "What was Chicago Transit Authority?", "Chicago Transit Authority is the self-titled debut album by the Chicago-based rock band Chicago Transit Authority, later known as Chicago." ]

[ "successful rock groups, and one of the world's best-selling groups of all time, having sold more than 100 million records. In 1971, Chicago was the first rock act to sell out Carnegie Hall for a week.In terms of chart success, Chicago is one of the most successful American bands in RIAA and Billboard history (second only to the Beach Boys), and are one of the most successful popular music acts of all time. To date, Chicago has sold over 40 million units in the U.S., with 23 gold, 18 platinum, and eight multi-platinum albums. They have had five consecutive number-one albums on the Billboard 200 and 20", "which made it to No. 40. The album was certified gold by the RIAA in February 1971, and platinum in November 1986.The band released LPs at a rate of at least one album per year from their third album in 1971 on through the 1970s. During this period, the group's album titles primarily consisted of the band's name followed by a Roman numeral, indicating the album's sequence in their canon. The exceptions to this scheme were the band's fourth album, a live boxed set entitled Chicago at Carnegie Hall, their twelfth album Hot Streets, and the Arabic-numbered Chicago 13. While the live album itself did not bear a", "that performance is considered to be Santana's \"breakthrough\" gig. A year later, when he needed to replace headliner Joe Cocker, and then Cocker's intended replacement, Jimi Hendrix, Graham booked Chicago to perform at Tanglewood, which has been called a \"pinnacle\" performance by Concert Vault.After the release of their first album, the band's name was shortened to Chicago to avoid legal action being threatened by the actual mass-transit company of the same name.\n\n1970s: Chicago\nIn 1970, less than a year after its first album, the band released a second album, titled Chicago (retroactively known as Chicago II), which is another double-LP. The album's centerpiece track", "met Pankow and Loughnane when they were all students at DePaul University.: 48–49  Lamm, a student at Roosevelt University, was recruited from his group, Bobby Charles and the Wanderers.: 49  The group of six called themselves the Big Thing, and like most other groups playing in Chicago nightclubs, played Top 40 hits. Realizing the need for both a tenor to complement baritones Lamm and Kath, and a bass player because Lamm's use of organ bass pedals did not provide \"adequate bass sound\", local tenor and bassist Peter Cetera was invited to join the Big Thing in late 1967.: 58–59\n\nChicago Transit Authority and early success\nWhile gaining some success" ]

[ "successful rock groups, and one of the world's best-selling groups of all time, having sold more than 100 million records. In 1971, Chicago was the first rock act to sell out Carnegie Hall for a week.In terms of chart success, Chicago is one of the most successful American bands in RIAA and Billboard history (second only to the Beach Boys), and are one of the most successful popular music acts of all time. To date, Chicago has sold over 40 million units in the U.S., with 23 gold, 18 platinum, and eight multi-platinum albums. They have had five consecutive number-one albums on the Billboard 200 and 20" ]

[ "had five consecutive number-one albums on the Billboard 200 and 20 top-ten singles on the Billboard Hot 100. In 1974 the group had seven albums, its entire catalog at the time, on the Billboard 200 simultaneously. The group has received ten Grammy Award nominations, winning one for the song, \"If You Leave Me Now\". The group's first album, Chicago Transit Authority, released in 1969, was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2014. The original line-up of Chicago was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2016. In 2017, Peter Cetera, Robert Lamm, and James Pankow were elected to the Songwriters Hall of Fame", "Chicago is an American rock band formed in Chicago in 1967. The group began calling itself the Chicago Transit Authority (after the city's mass transit agency) in 1968, then shortened the name in 1969. Self-described as a \"rock and roll band with horns\", Chicago was much influenced by jazz in its early years, and its songs often also combine elements of classical music, R&B, and pop music.\nGrowing out of several bands from the Chicago area in the late 1960s, the line-up consisted of Peter Cetera on bass, Terry Kath on guitar, Robert Lamm on keyboards, \nLee Loughnane on trumpet, James Pankow on trombone, Walter Parazaider", "and James Pankow were elected to the Songwriters Hall of Fame for their songwriting efforts as members of the music group. Chicago received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award on October 16, 2020.\n\nGroup history\nThe Big Thing\nThe group now known as Chicago began on February 15, 1967, at a meeting involving saxophonist Walter Parazaider, guitarist Terry Kath, drummer Danny Seraphine, trombonist James Pankow, trumpet player Lee Loughnane, and keyboardist/singer Robert Lamm. Kath, Parazaider, and Seraphine had played together previously in two other groups—Jimmy Ford and the Executives, and the Missing Links.: 29–49  Parazaider had met Pankow and Loughnane when they were all students at", "1967.: 58–59\n\nChicago Transit Authority and early success\nWhile gaining some success as a cover band, the group began working on original songs. In June 1968, at manager James William Guercio's request, the Big Thing moved to Los Angeles, California, signed with Columbia Records and changed its name to Chicago Transit Authority. It was while performing on a regular basis at the Whisky a Go Go nightclub in West Hollywood that the band got exposure to more famous musical artists of the time. They subsequently became the opening act for Janis Joplin and Jimi Hendrix.: 77–78, 106–107  As relayed to a group biographer, William James Ruhlmann, by Walt Parazaider,", "a group biographer, William James Ruhlmann, by Walt Parazaider, Jimi Hendrix once told Parazaider, \"'Jeez, your horn players are like one set of lungs and your guitar player is better than me.'\"Their first record (April 1969), Chicago Transit Authority, is a double album, a rarity for a band's initial studio release. The album made it to No. 17 on the Billboard 200 album chart, sold over one million copies by 1970, and was awarded a platinum disc. The album included a number of pop-rock songs – \"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?\", \"Beginnings\", \"Questions 67 and 68\", and \"I'm a", "successful rock groups, and one of the world's best-selling groups of all time, having sold more than 100 million records. In 1971, Chicago was the first rock act to sell out Carnegie Hall for a week.In terms of chart success, Chicago is one of the most successful American bands in RIAA and Billboard history (second only to the Beach Boys), and are one of the most successful popular music acts of all time. To date, Chicago has sold over 40 million units in the U.S., with 23 gold, 18 platinum, and eight multi-platinum albums. They have had five consecutive number-one albums on the Billboard 200 and 20", "Lamm (inducted), Peter Cetera (elected, not inducted)\n\nSee also\nBest selling music artists (worldwide)\n\nNotes\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website\nA Chicago Story, the band's official history\nChicago Awards on AllMusic.com\nChicago Charity Work, Events and Causes\nDebbie Kruger's two interviews with Jimmy Pankow and Robert Lamm in 1999\nDebbie Kruger's words on Chicago, synthesizing those two interviews, for Goldmine Magazine in 1999\nDebbie Kruger's interview with Chicago for Performing Songwriter in July and August 2000", "Jr.In 2013, Lamm, Loughnane, Pankow, and Parazaider appeared in the HBO film Clear History as the band Chicago. In late 2013, the band began releasing singles for a new album, starting with \"Somethin' Comin', I Know\" in August, \"America\" in September, \"Crazy Happy\" in December 2013, and \"Naked in the Garden of Allah\" in January 2014. The album, titled Chicago XXXVI: Now, was released on July 4, 2014.The group's debut album, Chicago Transit Authority, released in 1969, was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2014. On January 25 and 28 of 2014 Chicago performed two concerts with the Chicago Symphony", "met Pankow and Loughnane when they were all students at DePaul University.: 48–49  Lamm, a student at Roosevelt University, was recruited from his group, Bobby Charles and the Wanderers.: 49  The group of six called themselves the Big Thing, and like most other groups playing in Chicago nightclubs, played Top 40 hits. Realizing the need for both a tenor to complement baritones Lamm and Kath, and a bass player because Lamm's use of organ bass pedals did not provide \"adequate bass sound\", local tenor and bassist Peter Cetera was invited to join the Big Thing in late 1967.: 58–59\n\nChicago Transit Authority and early success\nWhile gaining some success", "which made it to No. 40. The album was certified gold by the RIAA in February 1971, and platinum in November 1986.The band released LPs at a rate of at least one album per year from their third album in 1971 on through the 1970s. During this period, the group's album titles primarily consisted of the band's name followed by a Roman numeral, indicating the album's sequence in their canon. The exceptions to this scheme were the band's fourth album, a live boxed set entitled Chicago at Carnegie Hall, their twelfth album Hot Streets, and the Arabic-numbered Chicago 13. While the live album itself did not bear a" ]

[ "What was Chicago Transit Authority?", "Chicago Transit Authority is the self-titled debut album by the Chicago-based rock band Chicago Transit Authority, later known as Chicago.", "What was Chicago's first success?", "Chicago's self-titled album was a commercial success, rising to number four on the Billboard 200, and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America in 1970.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "In 2017, Peter Cetera, Robert Lamm, and James Pankow were elected to the Songwriters Hall of Fame for their songwriting efforts as members of the music group." ]

[]

[ "The single was certified gold by the RIAA the same year of its release. The song almost did not make the cut for the album. \"If You Leave Me Now\" was recorded at the last minute. The success of the song, according to William James Ruhlmann, foreshadowed a later reliance on ballads. The album reached No. 3 on the Billboard 200, was certified both gold and platinum by the RIAA the same year of its release and two times multi-platinum since, and was also nominated for the Grammy Award for Album of the Year. 1976 was the first year that albums were certified platinum by the RIAA. In honor of" ]

[ "had five consecutive number-one albums on the Billboard 200 and 20 top-ten singles on the Billboard Hot 100. In 1974 the group had seven albums, its entire catalog at the time, on the Billboard 200 simultaneously. The group has received ten Grammy Award nominations, winning one for the song, \"If You Leave Me Now\". The group's first album, Chicago Transit Authority, released in 1969, was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2014. The original line-up of Chicago was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2016. In 2017, Peter Cetera, Robert Lamm, and James Pankow were elected to the Songwriters Hall of Fame", "Chicago is an American rock band formed in Chicago in 1967. The group began calling itself the Chicago Transit Authority (after the city's mass transit agency) in 1968, then shortened the name in 1969. Self-described as a \"rock and roll band with horns\", Chicago was much influenced by jazz in its early years, and its songs often also combine elements of classical music, R&B, and pop music.\nGrowing out of several bands from the Chicago area in the late 1960s, the line-up consisted of Peter Cetera on bass, Terry Kath on guitar, Robert Lamm on keyboards, \nLee Loughnane on trumpet, James Pankow on trombone, Walter Parazaider", "and James Pankow were elected to the Songwriters Hall of Fame for their songwriting efforts as members of the music group. Chicago received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award on October 16, 2020.\n\nGroup history\nThe Big Thing\nThe group now known as Chicago began on February 15, 1967, at a meeting involving saxophonist Walter Parazaider, guitarist Terry Kath, drummer Danny Seraphine, trombonist James Pankow, trumpet player Lee Loughnane, and keyboardist/singer Robert Lamm. Kath, Parazaider, and Seraphine had played together previously in two other groups—Jimmy Ford and the Executives, and the Missing Links.: 29–49  Parazaider had met Pankow and Loughnane when they were all students at", "times multi-platinum in 1986. Chicago IX: Chicago's Greatest Hits was released in 1975 and became the band's fifth consecutive No. 1 album on the Billboard 200.\n1976's Chicago X features Cetera's ballad \"If You Leave Me Now\", which held the top spot in the U.S. charts for two weeks and the UK charts for three weeks. It was the group's first No. 1 single, and won Chicago their only Grammy Award to date, the 1976 Best Pop Vocal Performance by a Duo, Group or Chorus, at the 19th Annual Grammy Awards held on February 19, 1977. The single was certified gold by the RIAA the same year", "a group biographer, William James Ruhlmann, by Walt Parazaider, Jimi Hendrix once told Parazaider, \"'Jeez, your horn players are like one set of lungs and your guitar player is better than me.'\"Their first record (April 1969), Chicago Transit Authority, is a double album, a rarity for a band's initial studio release. The album made it to No. 17 on the Billboard 200 album chart, sold over one million copies by 1970, and was awarded a platinum disc. The album included a number of pop-rock songs – \"Does Anybody Really Know What Time It Is?\", \"Beginnings\", \"Questions 67 and 68\", and \"I'm a", "1967.: 58–59\n\nChicago Transit Authority and early success\nWhile gaining some success as a cover band, the group began working on original songs. In June 1968, at manager James William Guercio's request, the Big Thing moved to Los Angeles, California, signed with Columbia Records and changed its name to Chicago Transit Authority. It was while performing on a regular basis at the Whisky a Go Go nightclub in West Hollywood that the band got exposure to more famous musical artists of the time. They subsequently became the opening act for Janis Joplin and Jimi Hendrix.: 77–78, 106–107  As relayed to a group biographer, William James Ruhlmann, by Walt Parazaider,", "successful rock groups, and one of the world's best-selling groups of all time, having sold more than 100 million records. In 1971, Chicago was the first rock act to sell out Carnegie Hall for a week.In terms of chart success, Chicago is one of the most successful American bands in RIAA and Billboard history (second only to the Beach Boys), and are one of the most successful popular music acts of all time. To date, Chicago has sold over 40 million units in the U.S., with 23 gold, 18 platinum, and eight multi-platinum albums. They have had five consecutive number-one albums on the Billboard 200 and 20", "Jr.In 2013, Lamm, Loughnane, Pankow, and Parazaider appeared in the HBO film Clear History as the band Chicago. In late 2013, the band began releasing singles for a new album, starting with \"Somethin' Comin', I Know\" in August, \"America\" in September, \"Crazy Happy\" in December 2013, and \"Naked in the Garden of Allah\" in January 2014. The album, titled Chicago XXXVI: Now, was released on July 4, 2014.The group's debut album, Chicago Transit Authority, released in 1969, was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame in 2014. On January 25 and 28 of 2014 Chicago performed two concerts with the Chicago Symphony", "The single was certified gold by the RIAA the same year of its release. The song almost did not make the cut for the album. \"If You Leave Me Now\" was recorded at the last minute. The success of the song, according to William James Ruhlmann, foreshadowed a later reliance on ballads. The album reached No. 3 on the Billboard 200, was certified both gold and platinum by the RIAA the same year of its release and two times multi-platinum since, and was also nominated for the Grammy Award for Album of the Year. 1976 was the first year that albums were certified platinum by the RIAA. In honor of", "Lamm (inducted), Peter Cetera (elected, not inducted)\n\nSee also\nBest selling music artists (worldwide)\n\nNotes\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website\nA Chicago Story, the band's official history\nChicago Awards on AllMusic.com\nChicago Charity Work, Events and Causes\nDebbie Kruger's two interviews with Jimmy Pankow and Robert Lamm in 1999\nDebbie Kruger's words on Chicago, synthesizing those two interviews, for Goldmine Magazine in 1999\nDebbie Kruger's interview with Chicago for Performing Songwriter in July and August 2000" ]

[ "What was Chicago Transit Authority?", "Chicago Transit Authority is the self-titled debut album by the Chicago-based rock band Chicago Transit Authority, later known as Chicago.", "What was Chicago's first success?", "Chicago's self-titled album was a commercial success, rising to number four on the Billboard 200, and was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America in 1970.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article?", "In 2017, Peter Cetera, Robert Lamm, and James Pankow were elected to the Songwriters Hall of Fame for their songwriting efforts as members of the music group.", "What other successes did Chicago have?", "If You Leave Me Now was recorded at the very last minute. The success of the song, according to William James Ruhlmann, foreshadowed a later reliance on ballads." ]

[]

[ "Founding Members\". Parazaider had retired from touring previously.On October 26, 2018, Chicago released the album Chicago: Greatest Hits Live, a live performance from 2017 for the PBS series Soundstage.On August 16, 2019, the band announced on their website that they would be releasing their fourth Christmas album, titled Chicago XXXVII: Chicago Christmas, on October 4, 2019. The album has a greater emphasis on original Christmas songs written by the group than their previous holiday albums.\n\n2020s\nChicago received a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award on October 16, 2020.On April 19, 2021, Walter Parazaider released a statement that he has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease.During their 2021 summer" ]

[ "part of the seventh-inning stretch of \"Take Me Out to the Ball Game\". His pastimes included fencing, ritual drumming, acoustic guitar, and making hats from felted fleece; additionally, he taught himself to ski by watching skiers on television.\n\nIllness and death\nIn May 2010, Ramis contracted an infection that resulted in complications from autoimmune inflammatory vasculitis and lost the ability to walk. After relearning to walk he suffered a relapse of the disease in late 2011.He died of complications of the disease on February 24, 2014, at his home on Chicago's North Shore, at age 69. A private funeral was held for him two days later", "attended. Mingus recorded the concert, resulting in the album Jazz at Massey Hall. At this concert, Parker played a plastic Grafton saxophone.\n\nDeath\nParker died on March 12, 1955, in the suite of his friend and patron Baroness Pannonica de Koenigswarter at the Stanhope Hotel in New York City, while watching The Dorsey Brothers' Stage Show on television. The official causes of death were lobar pneumonia and a bleeding ulcer, but Parker also had an advanced case of cirrhosis and had suffered a heart attack. The coroner who performed his autopsy mistakenly estimated Parker's 34-year-old body to be between 50 and 60 years of age.Since 1950, Parker", "May 31, 2008, while paddleboarding with his then-wife Camille in Hawaii, Grammer had a heart attack. Their personal assistant, Scott MacLean, was essential in saving his life. Grammer was discharged on June 4, 2008, and was said to be \"resting comfortably\" at his Hawaiian residence. Seven weeks after the attack, Grammer told Entertainment Tonight that, although his spokesman described the attack as mild, it was more severe as his heart had stopped. Grammer thought Fox's decision to cancel his TV sitcom Back to You contributed to his health problems, saying: \"It was a very stressful time for me, and a surprise that it was cancelled. But you", "of old film, re-edited so cleverly that it was not easy to detect. The later shorts were cheaper and the recycling more obvious, with as much as 75% of the running time consisting of old footage. White came to rely so much on older material that he could film the \"new\" shorts in a single day. New footage filmed to link older material suffered from White's heavy-handed directing style and penchant for telling his actors how to act. Shemp, in particular, disliked working with White after 1952.Three years after Curly's death, Shemp Howard died of a heart attack at age 60 on November 22, 1955, during a", "suffered another stroke in mid-December 1974, and four weeks later an even more massive one. After slipping into a coma, he died a week later from a cerebral hemorrhage on January 24, 1975.Before Larry's death, the Stooges were scheduled to co-star in the R-rated comedy Blazing Stewardesses, featuring Moe and Curly Joe with Emil Sitka in the middle spot as Harry, Larry's brother. The team was signed and publicity shots were taken, but one week prior to March's filming date, Moe was diagnosed with lung cancer and the Stooges had to back out; he died on May 4, 1975. Producer Sam Sherman briefly considered having", "Hot Streets, the band's 12th album, peaked at No. 12 on the Billboard charts; it was Chicago's first release since their debut to fail to make the Top 10. According to Jeff Giles, \"Although Chicago quickly soldiered on [after Kath's death], releasing their Hot Streets album with new guitarist Donnie Dacus that October, it was impossible not to notice the loss of momentum.\" The release also marked a move somewhat away from the jazz-rock direction favored by Kath and towards more pop songs and ballads. Dacus stayed with the band through the 1979 album Chicago 13, and is also featured in a promotional video on the DVD included", "Guercio's Caribou Ranch. In later years, band members cited Guercio's purchase of Caribou Ranch, more particularly their realization that Guercio had enough money to purchase Caribou Ranch, as a contributing factor to their disillusionment with him as a producer. They felt he had taken advantage of them financially.: 131  Then on January 23 of that same year, Kath died of an accidental, self-inflicted gunshot wound from a gun he thought was unloaded. Doc Severinsen, who was the bandleader for The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson at the time and a friend of the group, visited them after Kath's funeral and encouraged them to", "2016, it was announced that original drummer Danny Seraphine would join the current lineup of Chicago for the first time in over 25 years for the Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony. Peter Cetera chose not to attend. Terry Kath's daughter Michelle accepted her father's award. \nChicago and Earth, Wind & Fire embarked on another tour together in 2015 and 2016. In July 2016, Chicago performed on ABC's Greatest Hits.On September 23, 2016, a documentary called The Terry Kath Experience was released. The documentary featured most of the members of Chicago talking about Kath's life (most notably Kath's second wife Camelia Kath and original Chicago bassist Peter", "message trial\nIn 1990, Judas Priest was the subject of civil action in the United States which alleged that the band was responsible for an incident in Sparks, Nevada, in 1985 in which 20-year-old James Vance and 18-year-old Raymond Belknap shot themselves. On the evening of 23 December 1985, Vance and Belknap went to a church playground with a 12-gauge shotgun with the purpose of committing suicide. They had consumed alcohol and marijuana earlier that evening. The lawsuit alleged that the pair had been listening to Judas Priest's 1978 album Stained Class that night. Belknap was the first to place the shotgun under his chin, and died instantly", "pancreatic cancer. Benny went into a coma at home on December 22, 1974.: 293–294  While in a coma, he was visited by close friends, including George Burns, Bob Hope, Frank Sinatra, Johnny Carson, John Rowles and then Governor Ronald Reagan. He died on December 26, 1974, at age 80. At the funeral, Burns, Benny's best friend for more than fifty years, attempted to deliver a eulogy but broke down shortly after he began and was unable to continue. Hope also delivered a eulogy in which he stated, \"For a man who was the undisputed master of comedic timing, you would have to say this is the only" ]

[ "When did Terry Kath die?", "On January 23, 1978, Kath died of an accidental, self-inflicted gunshot wound from a gun he thought was unloaded.", "How did Terry Kath die?", "On January 23, 1978, Kath died of an accidental, self-inflicted gunshot wound from a gun he thought was unloaded.", "Did Chicago keep playing after Terry Kath died?", "Doc Severinsen, a friend of Chicago, visited them after Kath's funeral and encouraged them to continue. The visit snapped them back and helped them carry on." ]

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[ "group, visited them after Kath's funeral and encouraged them to continue. According to writer Jim Jerome, the visit \"snapped them back\" and helped them make the decision to carry on.After auditioning over 30 potential replacements for Kath, Chicago decided upon guitarist and singer-songwriter Donnie Dacus. While filming for the musical Hair, he joined the band in April 1978 just in time to record the Hot Streets album. Its energetic lead-off single, \"Alive Again\", brought Chicago back to the Top 15; Pankow wrote it \"originally as a love song but ultimately as recognition of Kath's guiding spirit shining down from above\".The 1978 album Hot Streets was produced" ]

[ "and maintained four blogs: a Myspace page, a blog at his official site, another at Honeyee.com, one at tumblr, and a photoblog at StunningNikon.com. He was particularly prolific on Twitter, where he was noted for authoring his own posts, and he amassed 3.7 million followers. Although his posts often dealt with career-related matters, they also included jokes, videos, photos, and eventually what he called the \"maintenance of vapor\"—or misguided, personal responses to the media. On January 23, 2008, he posted the quote \"There is danger in theoretical speculation of battle, in prejudice, in false reasoning, in pride, in braggadocio. There is", "considered Israel as not only the only democracy in the Middle East, I think it's the purest, because every Israeli voter seems to have his own political party.\" He also added about Israel's relations with other Middle Eastern countries: \"Israel is so efficient in defending itself and so good at it, that to the rest of the world it looks like bullying.\"\n\nFilmography\nAwards and nominations\nBooks\nLeno, Jay. Headlines: Real but Ridiculous Headlines from America's Newspapers. 1989.\nLeno, Jay. More Headlines. 1990.\nLeno, Jay. Headlines III: Not the Movie, Still the Book. 1991.\nLeno, Jay. Headlines IV: The Next Generation. 1992.\nLeno, Jay. Jay", "an active schedule as a touring stand-up comedian, doing an average of 200 live performances a year in venues across the United States and Canada and at charity events and USO tours. He has also appeared on the Tonight Show with Jimmy Fallon and Late Night with Seth Meyers, and was a guest on the finale of The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson. He appeared in a cameo role drilling and tormenting James Corden in a facetious boot camp for talk-show hosts on the premiere of The Late Late Show with James Corden. He declined an invitation to appear on Late Show with David Letterman despite speculation he would appear on", "for his use of the word \"nigger\", saying, \"It was arrogant of me to think I could intellectualize...a word that is so emotionally charged\". He also tearfully apologized to his band and fans at his concert in Nashville later that night. In the following two years, he left New York and retreated from the media. Reflecting on that time in a May 2012 episode of The Ellen DeGeneres Show, he said: \"I lost my head for a little while and I did a couple of dumb interviews and it kind of woke me up...It was a violent crash into being an adult. For a couple of years, it", "a sports and general topics talk show with guests on TNT called Listen Up! Charles Barkley with Ernie Johnson. In July 2016, it was announced that Barkley would host a six-episode unscripted show called The Race Card. The show was renamed to American Race, and premiered on TNT on May 11, 2017.Barkley is scheduled to host his own show, King Charles, on CNN beginning in the fall of 2023. It will air on Wednesdays in prime time and feature Gayle King.\n\nGambling\nBarkley is known for his compulsive gambling. In a 2007 interview with ESPN's Trey Wingo, Barkley revealed that he had lost approximately $10 million through", "Center (RAC): Selected Biography\nRockefeller Brothers Fund Official Web site\nAppearances on C-SPAN", "most popular segments, while O'Brien continued to host The Tonight Show.Leno's new show, The Jay Leno Show, debuted on September 14, 2009. It was announced at the Television Critics Association summer press tour that it would feature one or two celebrities, occasional musical guests, and keep the popular \"Headlines\" segments, which would be near the end of the show. First guests included Jerry Seinfeld, Oprah Winfrey (via satellite), and a short sit-down with Kanye West discussing his controversy at the 2009 MTV Video Music Awards, which had occurred the night before.\n\nTimeslot conflict and return to The Tonight Show\nIn their new roles, neither O'Brien nor", "broadcast from her flat, for ignoring her and not heeding her advice to be grateful for the things he has managed to achieve. He voluntarily departs the house, ending his tenure on the show. Moved by the unexpected outpouring of emotion, a group of journalists eagerly awaits Andy's appearance at a press conference. Andy's agent returns and tells him that his emotional turn has instantly skyrocketed Andy's profile and that a number of A-list stars are requesting to meet him. As his agent prepares to introduce him to the throng of waiting press, Andy quietly slips out the back door of the studio where Maggie is waiting for him", "awareness of the dangers of the virus, noting he personally knows individuals who have been infected and his father recently underwent lung cancer surgery.\n\nDiscography\nStudio albums\nExtended plays\nSingles\nMusic videos\nSoundtracks\nComposing and songwriting\nFilmography\nFilm\nTelevision series\nTelevision shows\nTours\nAwards and nominations\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial Japanese site\nKim Jae-joong at HanCinema \nKim Jae-joong at the Korean Movie Database", "criticised Washington politicians, stating: \"I don’t think Washington did us any favors for the last 50, 60 years, I think they’ve all been sort of the same party, the same bunch of clowns\" He has expressed an interest in some day running for United States Congress, Mayor of New York City, and the presidency. In an interview with radio talk show host Frank Morano in August 2021, he indicated that he was no longer interested in running for office. Grammer was a guest at President George W. Bush's first inauguration. Grammer endorsed Rudy Giuliani in the 2008 presidential primary and later campaigned for John McCain in the general" ]

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[ "half-hour comedy special on VH1 titled John Mayer Has a TV Show, with antics including wearing a bear suit while anonymously teasing concertgoers in the parking lot outside one of his concerts.\n\nSteve Jobs invited Mayer to perform during Apple's annual keynote address at the Macworld Conference & Expo in January 2004 as Jobs introduced the music production software GarageBand. Mayer became a fixture of the event, including at the 2007 iPhone announcement. Volkswagen concluded a deal with instrument manufacturer First Act to include a GarageMaster electric guitar that was playable through the stereo system of six of their 2007 models; Mayer (along with Slash and Christopher Guest) were selected to" ]

[ "to guest host The Late Late Show in early 2015 on three dates, February 4–6, after the retirement of Craig Ferguson.Mayer makes a cameo as a truck driver in the 2014 comedy horror film Zombeavers. In the 2015 film Get Hard, he played a version of himself who is disgusted with the \"monetization of the creative process\". Mayer also had a small role in the 2022 film Vengeance, playing a friend of the lead character.\n\nInstruments and equipment\nJohn Mayer is a guitar collector and has collaborated with elite guitar companies to design his own instruments. He owns over 200 guitars.In 2003, Martin Guitars gave Mayer his own signature model", "in 2017. Mayer released his latest album, Sob Rock, inspired by 1980s soft rock music, in July 2021.\nIn 2015, three former members of the Grateful Dead joined with Mayer and two other musicians to form the band Dead & Company. It was the latest of several reunions of the band's surviving members since Jerry Garcia's death in 1995. They continued to play shows until 2023.Mayer's secondary career pursuits extend to television hosting, comedy, and writing; he has authored columns for magazines such as Esquire. He supports various causes and has performed at charity benefits. He is a watch aficionado (with a collection he values in the \"tens", "to how safe they felt Mayer's music was. Chris Richards, in a review of a 2017 concert, declared Mayer is \"an amazing guitar player\", albeit doing so \"through clenched teeth\". Richards went on to say that his talent as a guitarist did not make him exempt from criticism of \"his pillow-soft songcraft, the dull sentimentality of his lyrics, or that cuckoo-racist interview he gave to Playboy back in 2010\". Music writer Steve Baltin commented on this dichotomy, saying that Mayer is \"one of the sharpest and savviest musical minds you will ever encounter\", and added: \"While many have found reasons to dislike Mayer since the" ]

[ "What kind of media outlets is John Mayer appearing on?", "In 2004, John Mayer hosted a half-hour comedy special on VH1 titled John Mayer Has a TV Show, with antics including wearing a bear suit while teasing concertgoers.", "Did John Mayer do any big interviews?", "Despite his excitement, in a Rolling Stone interview, John Mayer recalled after former Columbia Records head Don Ienner panned Continuum he briefly considered quitting music and studying design full-time.", "Did John Mayer do any other big interviews?", "Following two revealing and highly controversial magazine interviews in February 2010 with Rolling Stone and Playboy magazines, John Mayer withdrew from public life and ceased giving interviews.", "What did you find interesting in this article?", "John Mayer is a watch aficionado, contributing to the watch site Hodinkee, and has been on the jury at the Grand Prix d'Horlogerie de Genève." ]

[ "John Clayton Mayer ( MAY-ər; born October 16, 1977) is an American singer, songwriter, and guitarist. Born and raised in Fairfield County, Connecticut, Mayer attended Berklee College of Music in Boston, but he left and moved to Atlanta in 1997 with Clay Cook. Together, they formed a short-lived two-man band called Lo-Fi Masters. After their split, Mayer continued to play local clubs, refining his skills and gaining a following. After his appearance at the 2000 South by Southwest festival, he was signed to Aware Records, and eventually to Columbia Records, which released his first extended play Inside Wants Out. His following two studio albums—Room for Squares", "Inside Wants Out. His following two studio albums—Room for Squares (2001) and Heavier Things (2003)—performed well commercially, achieving multi-platinum status. In 2003, he won the Grammy Award for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance for his single \"Your Body Is a Wonderland\".\nBy 2005, Mayer had moved away from the acoustic music that characterized his early records, and begun performing the blues and rock music that had originally influenced him as a musician. He collaborated with blues artists such as B.B. King, Buddy Guy, and Eric Clapton. Forming the John Mayer Trio, he released a live album, Try!, in 2005 and his third studio album Continuum in 2006.", "hope they're having a good time. It's not something I could do myself, I'm done with that kind of touring.'\n\nAuthor\nWith the June 2004 issue of Esquire, Mayer began a column called \"Music Lessons with John Mayer\". Each article featured a lesson and his views on various topics, both of personal and popular interest. In the August 2005 issue, he invited readers to create music for orphaned lyrics he had written. The winner was Tim Fagan of Los Angeles as announced in the following January's issue.As social media gained momentum in the 2000s, Mayer became increasingly active online, and maintained four blogs: a Myspace page, a blog at", "and Armor Foundation in support of veterans of war. John has been actively involved in initiatives to help returning veterans for about 12 years.\n\nControversies\nMayer's relationship with Jessica Simpson coincided with behavior changes that significantly increased his tabloid exposure. Early in his career, he had expressed his resolve to completely avoid drugs, alcohol, clubbing, \"red-carpet\" events, dating celebrities, and anything that he felt would detract the focus from his music. In interviews, however, Mayer alluded to experiencing an extreme \"anxiety bender\" episode in his twenties that motivated him to be less reclusive. In 2006, he first mentioned that he had begun using marijuana. He began making appearances at", "early as 2002, Chris Willman with Entertainment Weekly said that Mayer was \"more historically savvy, and more ambitious than you'd guess from the unforced earnestness of [Room for] Squares\". However, Mayer was largely associated with the Adult Contemporary and singer-songwriter genres. Fame allowed him access to his early influences, and he began collaborating with blues and jazz artists. He accompanied Buddy Guy in a concert at the Irving Plaza in December 2003. He toured with jazz pianist Herbie Hancock, including a show at the Bonnaroo Music Festival. He also performed on commercial releases, namely, with Eric Clapton (Back Home, Crossroads Guitar Festival), Buddy Guy (Bring", "that he had begun using marijuana. He began making appearances at clubs in Los Angeles and New York City, and Simpson became the first in a string of famous girlfriends, including Jennifer Aniston and Minka Kelly. By 2007, his personal life had become regular fodder for the gossip media and, as a result, Mayer made efforts to control his public image. His online presence increased, he began to stage pranks for the paparazzi, and he hosted a segment for the gossip show TMZ.\n\nIn early 2010, Mayer gave a controversial interview to Playboy magazine in which he revealed sexually explicit details about his former girlfriends Jessica Simpson and Jennifer", "When asked about his presence in the hip hop community, Mayer said, \"It's not music out there right now. That's why, to me, hip-hop is where rock used to be.\"\nAround this time Mayer announced that he was \"closing up shop on acoustic sensitivity\". In the spring of 2005, Mayer formed the John Mayer Trio with bassist Pino Palladino and drummer Steve Jordan, both of whom he had met through studio sessions. The trio combined blues and rock music. In October 2005, they opened for the Rolling Stones and that November released a live album called Try! The band took a break in mid-2006.\nMayer's third studio album," ]

[ "John Clayton Mayer ( MAY-ər; born October 16, 1977) is an American singer, songwriter, and guitarist. Born and raised in Fairfield County, Connecticut, Mayer attended Berklee College of Music in Boston, but he left and moved to Atlanta in 1997 with Clay Cook. Together, they formed a short-lived two-man band called Lo-Fi Masters. After their split, Mayer continued to play local clubs, refining his skills and gaining a following. After his appearance at the 2000 South by Southwest festival, he was signed to Aware Records, and eventually to Columbia Records, which released his first extended play Inside Wants Out. His following two studio albums—Room for Squares" ]

[ "John Clayton Mayer ( MAY-ər; born October 16, 1977) is an American singer, songwriter, and guitarist. Born and raised in Fairfield County, Connecticut, Mayer attended Berklee College of Music in Boston, but he left and moved to Atlanta in 1997 with Clay Cook. Together, they formed a short-lived two-man band called Lo-Fi Masters. After their split, Mayer continued to play local clubs, refining his skills and gaining a following. After his appearance at the 2000 South by Southwest festival, he was signed to Aware Records, and eventually to Columbia Records, which released his first extended play Inside Wants Out. His following two studio albums—Room for Squares", "to guest host The Late Late Show in early 2015 on three dates, February 4–6, after the retirement of Craig Ferguson.Mayer makes a cameo as a truck driver in the 2014 comedy horror film Zombeavers. In the 2015 film Get Hard, he played a version of himself who is disgusted with the \"monetization of the creative process\". Mayer also had a small role in the 2022 film Vengeance, playing a friend of the lead character.\n\nInstruments and equipment\nJohn Mayer is a guitar collector and has collaborated with elite guitar companies to design his own instruments. He owns over 200 guitars.In 2003, Martin Guitars gave Mayer his own signature model", "in 2017. Mayer released his latest album, Sob Rock, inspired by 1980s soft rock music, in July 2021.\nIn 2015, three former members of the Grateful Dead joined with Mayer and two other musicians to form the band Dead & Company. It was the latest of several reunions of the band's surviving members since Jerry Garcia's death in 1995. They continued to play shows until 2023.Mayer's secondary career pursuits extend to television hosting, comedy, and writing; he has authored columns for magazines such as Esquire. He supports various causes and has performed at charity benefits. He is a watch aficionado (with a collection he values in the \"tens", "Inside Wants Out. His following two studio albums—Room for Squares (2001) and Heavier Things (2003)—performed well commercially, achieving multi-platinum status. In 2003, he won the Grammy Award for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance for his single \"Your Body Is a Wonderland\".\nBy 2005, Mayer had moved away from the acoustic music that characterized his early records, and begun performing the blues and rock music that had originally influenced him as a musician. He collaborated with blues artists such as B.B. King, Buddy Guy, and Eric Clapton. Forming the John Mayer Trio, he released a live album, Try!, in 2005 and his third studio album Continuum in 2006.", "early as 2002, Chris Willman with Entertainment Weekly said that Mayer was \"more historically savvy, and more ambitious than you'd guess from the unforced earnestness of [Room for] Squares\". However, Mayer was largely associated with the Adult Contemporary and singer-songwriter genres. Fame allowed him access to his early influences, and he began collaborating with blues and jazz artists. He accompanied Buddy Guy in a concert at the Irving Plaza in December 2003. He toured with jazz pianist Herbie Hancock, including a show at the Bonnaroo Music Festival. He also performed on commercial releases, namely, with Eric Clapton (Back Home, Crossroads Guitar Festival), Buddy Guy (Bring", "When asked about his presence in the hip hop community, Mayer said, \"It's not music out there right now. That's why, to me, hip-hop is where rock used to be.\"\nAround this time Mayer announced that he was \"closing up shop on acoustic sensitivity\". In the spring of 2005, Mayer formed the John Mayer Trio with bassist Pino Palladino and drummer Steve Jordan, both of whom he had met through studio sessions. The trio combined blues and rock music. In October 2005, they opened for the Rolling Stones and that November released a live album called Try! The band took a break in mid-2006.\nMayer's third studio album,", "hope they're having a good time. It's not something I could do myself, I'm done with that kind of touring.'\n\nAuthor\nWith the June 2004 issue of Esquire, Mayer began a column called \"Music Lessons with John Mayer\". Each article featured a lesson and his views on various topics, both of personal and popular interest. In the August 2005 issue, he invited readers to create music for orphaned lyrics he had written. The winner was Tim Fagan of Los Angeles as announced in the following January's issue.As social media gained momentum in the 2000s, Mayer became increasingly active online, and maintained four blogs: a Myspace page, a blog at", "and Armor Foundation in support of veterans of war. John has been actively involved in initiatives to help returning veterans for about 12 years.\n\nControversies\nMayer's relationship with Jessica Simpson coincided with behavior changes that significantly increased his tabloid exposure. Early in his career, he had expressed his resolve to completely avoid drugs, alcohol, clubbing, \"red-carpet\" events, dating celebrities, and anything that he felt would detract the focus from his music. In interviews, however, Mayer alluded to experiencing an extreme \"anxiety bender\" episode in his twenties that motivated him to be less reclusive. In 2006, he first mentioned that he had begun using marijuana. He began making appearances at", "added: \"While many have found reasons to dislike Mayer since the beginning of his career, he is a consummate musician's musician, an artist who has been embraced by Eric Clapton, Stevie Wonder and Buddy Guy among others.\"Mayer's inclusion in the line-up of Dead & Company was criticised by Chris Robinson of The Black Crowes, who had previously played several shows with The Grateful Dead. Speaking during an interview with Howard Stern, Robinson was quoted as saying that \"everything that Jerry Garcia ever talked about or stood for, John Mayer is the antithesis\", and that while \"Jerry was one of the most unique musicians in the world [...]", "to how safe they felt Mayer's music was. Chris Richards, in a review of a 2017 concert, declared Mayer is \"an amazing guitar player\", albeit doing so \"through clenched teeth\". Richards went on to say that his talent as a guitarist did not make him exempt from criticism of \"his pillow-soft songcraft, the dull sentimentality of his lyrics, or that cuckoo-racist interview he gave to Playboy back in 2010\". Music writer Steve Baltin commented on this dichotomy, saying that Mayer is \"one of the sharpest and savviest musical minds you will ever encounter\", and added: \"While many have found reasons to dislike Mayer since the" ]

[ "What kind of media outlets is John Mayer appearing on?", "In 2004, John Mayer hosted a half-hour comedy special on VH1 titled John Mayer Has a TV Show, with antics including wearing a bear suit while teasing concertgoers.", "Did John Mayer do any big interviews?", "Despite his excitement, in a Rolling Stone interview, John Mayer recalled after former Columbia Records head Don Ienner panned Continuum he briefly considered quitting music and studying design full-time.", "Did John Mayer do any other big interviews?", "Following two revealing and highly controversial magazine interviews in February 2010 with Rolling Stone and Playboy magazines, John Mayer withdrew from public life and ceased giving interviews.", "What did you find interesting in this article?", "John Mayer is a watch aficionado, contributing to the watch site Hodinkee, and has been on the jury at the Grand Prix d'Horlogerie de Genève.", "Is John Mayer a musician?", "John Clayton Mayer is an American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and record producer." ]

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[ "half-hour comedy special on VH1 titled John Mayer Has a TV Show, with antics including wearing a bear suit while anonymously teasing concertgoers in the parking lot outside one of his concerts.\n\nSteve Jobs invited Mayer to perform during Apple's annual keynote address at the Macworld Conference & Expo in January 2004 as Jobs introduced the music production software GarageBand. Mayer became a fixture of the event, including at the 2007 iPhone announcement. Volkswagen concluded a deal with instrument manufacturer First Act to include a GarageMaster electric guitar that was playable through the stereo system of six of their 2007 models; Mayer (along with Slash and Christopher Guest) were selected to" ]

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[ "Secretariat (March 30, 1970 – October 4, 1989), also known as Big Red, was a champion American thoroughbred racehorse who was the ninth winner of the American Triple Crown, setting and still holding the fastest time record in all three of its constituent races. He is considered by many to be the greatest racehorse of all time. He became the first Triple Crown winner in 25 years and his record-breaking victory in the Belmont Stakes, which he won by 31 lengths, is widely regarded as one of the greatest races in history. During his racing career, he won five Eclipse Awards, including Horse of the Year honors at ages two and", "Inc (1999). Duke, Jacqueline (ed.). Thoroughbred champions : top 100 racehorses of the 20th century (1st ed.). Lexington, KY: The Blood-Horse, Inc. ISBN 978-1-58150-024-0.\nMitchell, Frank J.; Roman, Steven A. (2004). Mitchell, Frank J. (ed.). Racehorse breeding theories (New 1st ed.). Neenah, WI: Russell Meerdink Co. ISBN 978-0-929346-75-5.\nNack, William (1975). Big Red of Meadow Stables: Secretariat, the Making of a Champion (1st ed.). New York: A. Fields Books. ISBN 0-525-63012-0.\nVarious (1973). \"From the pages of The Blood-Horse: A Look Back at Secretariat's Triple Crown", ":24, :234⁄5, :232⁄5, and :23. This means he was still accelerating as of the final quarter-mile of the race. No other horse had won the Derby in less than 2 minutes before, and it would not be accomplished again until Monarchos ran the race in 1:59.97 in 2001.Sportswriter Mike Sullivan later said:\n\nI was at Secretariat's Derby, in '73 ... That was ... just beauty, you know? He started in last place, which he tended to do. I was covering the second-place horse, which wound up being Sham. It looked like Sham's race going into the last turn, I think. The thing you", "race going into the last turn, I think. The thing you have to understand is that Sham was fast, a beautiful horse. He would have had the Triple Crown in another year. And it just didn't seem like there could be anything faster than that. Everybody was watching him. It was over, more or less. And all of a sudden there was this, like, just a disruption in the corner of your eye, in your peripheral vision. And then before you could make out what it was, here Secretariat came. And then Secretariat had passed him. No one had ever seen anything run like that — a lot of the old", "\"Two twenty-four flat! I don't believe it. Impossible. But I saw it. I can't breathe. He won by a sixteenth of a mile! I saw it. I have to believe it.\"The race is widely considered the greatest performance of the twentieth century by a North American racehorse. Secretariat became the ninth Triple Crown winner in history, and the first since Citation in 1948, a gap of 25 years. Bettors holding 5,427 winning parimutuel tickets on Secretariat never redeemed them, presumably keeping them as souvenirs (and because the tickets would have paid only $2.20 on a $2 bet).\n\nArlington Invitational\nThree weeks after his win at", "and he did it on his own.\" The purse for the Marlboro Cup was $250,000, then the highest prize money offered: the win made Secretariat the 13th thoroughbred millionaire in history.\n\nWoodward Stakes\nAfter the Marlboro Cup, the original plan was to enter Riva Ridge in the 1+1⁄2 mile Woodward Stakes, just two weeks later, while Secretariat put in some slow workouts on the turf in preparation for the Man o' War Stakes in October. It rained before the Woodward and the track was sloppy, which Riva Ridge could not handle, so Secretariat was entered in his place. Secretariat led into the straight but was overtaken by the Allen", "it's a great day,\" said Laurin. \"I certainly wish he could run as a 4-year-old. He's a great horse and he loves to run.\"Altogether, Secretariat won 16 of his 21 career races, with three seconds and one third, and total earnings of $1,316,808.For 1973, Secretariat was again named Horse of the Year and also won Eclipse Awards as the American Champion Three-Year-Old Male Horse and the American Champion Male Turf Horse.\n\nRetirement\nStud career\nWhen Secretariat first retired to Claiborne Farm, his sperm showed some signs of immaturity, so he was bred to three non-thoroughbred mares in December 1973 to test his fertility. One", "his sire Bold Ruler, who had eventually tired and finished third. Secretariat, however, did not falter. Turcotte said, \"This horse really paced himself. He is smart: I think he knew he was going 1+1⁄2 miles, I never pushed him.\" In the stretch, Secretariat opened a lead of almost 1⁄16 of a mile on the rest of the field. At the finish, he won by 31 lengths, breaking the margin-of-victory record set by Triple Crown winner Count Fleet in 1943 of 25 lengths.\nCBS Television announcer Chic Anderson described the horse's pace in a famous commentary:\n\nSecretariat is widening now! He is moving like a tremendous machine!\nThe", "and a roadster that were owned by Howard Hughes, the fifth Duesenberg Model X known to survive, and one of nine remaining 1963 Chrysler Turbine Cars. The collection also includes three antique electric cars — the 1909 Baker Motor Vehicle is his wife Mavis' favorite car.He has a regular column in Popular Mechanics which showcases his car collection and gives advice about various automotive topics, including restoration and unique models, such as his jet-powered motorcycle and solar-powered hybrid. Leno also writes occasional \"Motormouth\" articles for The Sunday Times, reviewing high-end sports cars and giving his humorous take on motoring matters.\nLeno opened his garage to Team Bondi, the", "season\nFor his first start on July 4, 1972, at Aqueduct Racetrack, Secretariat was made the lukewarm favorite at 3–1. At the start, a horse named Quebec cut in front of the field, causing a chain reaction that resulted in Secretariat being bumped hard. According to jockey Paul Feliciano, he would have fallen if he hadn't been so strong. Secretariat recovered, only to run into traffic on the backstretch. In tenth position at the top of the stretch, he closed ground rapidly and finished fourth, beaten by only 1+1⁄4 lengths. In many of his subsequent races, Secretariat hung back at the start, which Laurin later attributed to the" ]

[ "Secretariat (March 30, 1970 – October 4, 1989), also known as Big Red, was a champion American thoroughbred racehorse who was the ninth winner of the American Triple Crown, setting and still holding the fastest time record in all three of its constituent races. He is considered by many to be the greatest racehorse of all time. He became the first Triple Crown winner in 25 years and his record-breaking victory in the Belmont Stakes, which he won by 31 lengths, is widely regarded as one of the greatest races in history. During his racing career, he won five Eclipse Awards, including Horse of the Year honors at ages two and" ]

[]

[ "What was an most important part of Secretariat's racing career?", "Secretariat was an American Thoroughbred racehorse who, in 1973, became the first Triple Crown winner in 25 years." ]

[ "Secretariat (March 30, 1970 – October 4, 1989), also known as Big Red, was a champion American thoroughbred racehorse who was the ninth winner of the American Triple Crown, setting and still holding the fastest time record in all three of its constituent races. He is considered by many to be the greatest racehorse of all time. He became the first Triple Crown winner in 25 years and his record-breaking victory in the Belmont Stakes, which he won by 31 lengths, is widely regarded as one of the greatest races in history. During his racing career, he won five Eclipse Awards, including Horse of the Year honors at ages two and", "it's a great day,\" said Laurin. \"I certainly wish he could run as a 4-year-old. He's a great horse and he loves to run.\"Altogether, Secretariat won 16 of his 21 career races, with three seconds and one third, and total earnings of $1,316,808.For 1973, Secretariat was again named Horse of the Year and also won Eclipse Awards as the American Champion Three-Year-Old Male Horse and the American Champion Male Turf Horse.\n\nRetirement\nStud career\nWhen Secretariat first retired to Claiborne Farm, his sperm showed some signs of immaturity, so he was bred to three non-thoroughbred mares in December 1973 to test his fertility. One", "\"Two twenty-four flat! I don't believe it. Impossible. But I saw it. I can't breathe. He won by a sixteenth of a mile! I saw it. I have to believe it.\"The race is widely considered the greatest performance of the twentieth century by a North American racehorse. Secretariat became the ninth Triple Crown winner in history, and the first since Citation in 1948, a gap of 25 years. Bettors holding 5,427 winning parimutuel tickets on Secretariat never redeemed them, presumably keeping them as souvenirs (and because the tickets would have paid only $2.20 on a $2 bet).\n\nArlington Invitational\nThree weeks after his win at", "record-breaking $6.08 million (equivalent to $40.1 million in 2022), on the condition that he be retired from racing by the end of the year. Although he sired several successful racehorses, he ultimately was most influential through his daughters' offspring, becoming the leading broodmare sire in North America in 1992. His daughters produced several notable sires, including Storm Cat, A.P. Indy, Gone West, Dehere and Chief's Crown, and through them Secretariat appears in the pedigree of many modern champions. Secretariat died in 1989 as a result of laminitis at age 19.\n\nBackground\nSecretariat was officially bred by Christopher Chenery's Meadow Stud, but the breeding was", "Awards, including Horse of the Year honors at ages two and three. He was nominated to the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame in 1974. In the Blood-Horse magazine List of the Top 100 U.S. Racehorses of the 20th Century, Secretariat was second to Man o' War.\nAt age two, Secretariat finished fourth in his 1972 debut in a maiden race, but then won seven of his remaining eight starts, including five stakes victories. His only loss during this period was in the Champagne Stakes, where he finished first but was disqualified to second for interference. He received the Eclipse Award for champion two-year-old colt, and also was", "it contributes to athletic ability.\n\nHonors and recognition\nSecretariat was inducted into the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame in 1974, the year following his Triple Crown victory. In 1994, Sports Illustrated ranked Secretariat #17 in their list of the 40 greatest sports figures of the past 40 years. In 1999, ESPN listed him 35th of the 100 greatest North American athletes of the 20th century, the highest of three non-humans on the list (the other two were also racehorses: Man o' War at 84th and Citation at 97th). Secretariat ranked second behind Man o' War in The Blood-Horse's List of the Top 100 U.S. Racehorses of", "season\nFor his first start on July 4, 1972, at Aqueduct Racetrack, Secretariat was made the lukewarm favorite at 3–1. At the start, a horse named Quebec cut in front of the field, causing a chain reaction that resulted in Secretariat being bumped hard. According to jockey Paul Feliciano, he would have fallen if he hadn't been so strong. Secretariat recovered, only to run into traffic on the backstretch. In tenth position at the top of the stretch, he closed ground rapidly and finished fourth, beaten by only 1+1⁄4 lengths. In many of his subsequent races, Secretariat hung back at the start, which Laurin later attributed to the", "further back in third. Secretariat set a course record time of 2:244⁄5. After the race, Turcotte explained that \"when Tentam came up to him in the backstretch I just chirped to him and he pulled away.\"\n\nCanadian International Stakes\nThe syndication deal for Secretariat precluded the horse racing past age three. Accordingly, Secretariat's last race was against older horses in the Canadian International Stakes over one and five-eighths miles on the turf at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Ontario, Canada on October 28, 1973. The race was chosen in part because of long-time ties between E.P. Taylor and the Chenery family, and partly to honor Secretariat's", "race going into the last turn, I think. The thing you have to understand is that Sham was fast, a beautiful horse. He would have had the Triple Crown in another year. And it just didn't seem like there could be anything faster than that. Everybody was watching him. It was over, more or less. And all of a sudden there was this, like, just a disruption in the corner of your eye, in your peripheral vision. And then before you could make out what it was, here Secretariat came. And then Secretariat had passed him. No one had ever seen anything run like that — a lot of the old", "nonhuman on the list, with his run at Belmont ranking second behind Wilt Chamberlain's 100-point game. On May 2, 2007, Secretariat was inducted into the Kentucky Athletic Hall of Fame, marking the first time an animal received this honor. In 2013, Secretariat was inducted into the Canadian Horse Racing Hall of Fame in honor of his victory in the Canadian International 40 years earlier. Secretariat was also the focus of a 2013 segment of 60 Minutes Sports. In March 2016, Secretariat's Triple Crown victory was rated #13 in the Sports Illustrated listing of the 100 Greatest Moments in Sports History.Due to Secretariat's enduring popularity, Chenery remained a prominent" ]

[ "Secretariat (March 30, 1970 – October 4, 1989), also known as Big Red, was a champion American thoroughbred racehorse who was the ninth winner of the American Triple Crown, setting and still holding the fastest time record in all three of its constituent races. He is considered by many to be the greatest racehorse of all time. He became the first Triple Crown winner in 25 years and his record-breaking victory in the Belmont Stakes, which he won by 31 lengths, is widely regarded as one of the greatest races in history. During his racing career, he won five Eclipse Awards, including Horse of the Year honors at ages two and" ]

[ "horses entered in the race, Secretariat would be allowed to set his own pace. Accordingly, Turcotte hustled Secretariat from the starting gate and they led easily. Down the stretch though, Champagne Charlie came running and at the eighth pole was almost even. Turcotte tapped Secretariat once on each side with the whip and Secretariat drew away to win by three lengths. He ran the first 3/4 mile in 1:083⁄5 and finished the one-mile race in 1:332⁄5, matching the track record.His final preparatory race for the Kentucky Derby was the Wood Memorial, where he finished a surprising third to Angle Light and Santa Anita Derby winner Sham.", "to win by five lengths. His time of 1:161⁄5 for 6+1⁄2 furlongs was only 3⁄5 of a second off the track record. Returning to Belmont Park on September 16, he won the Belmont Futurity by a length and a half after starting his move on the turn. He then ran in the Champagne Stakes at Belmont on October 14 as the 7–10 favorite. As had become his custom, he started slowly and then made a big move around the turn, blowing past his rivals to win by two lengths. However, following an inquiry by the racecourse stewards, Secretariat was disqualified and placed second for bearing in and interfering with", "Secretariat (March 30, 1970 – October 4, 1989), also known as Big Red, was a champion American thoroughbred racehorse who was the ninth winner of the American Triple Crown, setting and still holding the fastest time record in all three of its constituent races. He is considered by many to be the greatest racehorse of all time. He became the first Triple Crown winner in 25 years and his record-breaking victory in the Belmont Stakes, which he won by 31 lengths, is widely regarded as one of the greatest races in history. During his racing career, he won five Eclipse Awards, including Horse of the Year honors at ages two and" ]

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[ ":24, :234⁄5, :232⁄5, and :23. This means he was still accelerating as of the final quarter-mile of the race. No other horse had won the Derby in less than 2 minutes before, and it would not be accomplished again until Monarchos ran the race in 1:59.97 in 2001.Sportswriter Mike Sullivan later said:\n\nI was at Secretariat's Derby, in '73 ... That was ... just beauty, you know? He started in last place, which he tended to do. I was covering the second-place horse, which wound up being Sham. It looked like Sham's race going into the last turn, I think. The thing you", "Awards, including Horse of the Year honors at ages two and three. He was nominated to the National Museum of Racing and Hall of Fame in 1974. In the Blood-Horse magazine List of the Top 100 U.S. Racehorses of the 20th Century, Secretariat was second to Man o' War.\nAt age two, Secretariat finished fourth in his 1972 debut in a maiden race, but then won seven of his remaining eight starts, including five stakes victories. His only loss during this period was in the Champagne Stakes, where he finished first but was disqualified to second for interference. He received the Eclipse Award for champion two-year-old colt, and also was", "of this win because of the split-second decision he made going into the turn: \"I let my horse drop back, when I went to drop in, they started backing up into me. I said, 'I don't want to get trapped here.' So I just breezed by them.\" Secretariat completed the second quarter mile of the race in under 22 seconds. After reaching the lead with 5+1⁄2 furlongs to go, Secretariat was never challenged, and won by 2+1⁄2 lengths, with Sham again finishing second and Our Native in third, a further eight lengths back. It was the first time in history that the top three finishers in the", "it's a great day,\" said Laurin. \"I certainly wish he could run as a 4-year-old. He's a great horse and he loves to run.\"Altogether, Secretariat won 16 of his 21 career races, with three seconds and one third, and total earnings of $1,316,808.For 1973, Secretariat was again named Horse of the Year and also won Eclipse Awards as the American Champion Three-Year-Old Male Horse and the American Champion Male Turf Horse.\n\nRetirement\nStud career\nWhen Secretariat first retired to Claiborne Farm, his sperm showed some signs of immaturity, so he was bred to three non-thoroughbred mares in December 1973 to test his fertility. One", "his three-year-old campaign, he ate 15 quarts of oats a day — and to keep his muscles in good condition, he needed fast workouts that could have won many a stakes race.Seth Hancock of Claiborne Farm once said,\n\n\"You want to know who Secretariat is in human terms? Just imagine the greatest athlete in the world. The greatest. Now make him six-foot-three, the perfect height. Make him real intelligent and kind. And on top of that, make him the best-lookin' guy ever to come down the pike. He was all those things as a horse.\"\n\nRacing career\nSecretariat raced in Meadow Stables' blue-and-white-checkered colors. He", "moved to second after breaking from an outside post. On the backstretch, Secretariat made his move and forged to the lead. \"Snorting steam in the raw twilight\", he rounded the far turn with a 12-length lead before gearing down in the final furlong, ultimately winning by 6+1⁄2 lengths. Once again, many winning tickets went uncashed by souvenir hunters.After the race, Secretariat was brought to Aqueduct Racetrack where he was paraded with Turcotte dressed in the Meadow silks before a crowd of 32,990 in his final public appearance. \"It's a sad day, and yet it's a great day,\" said Laurin. \"I certainly wish", "seen anything run like that — a lot of the old guys said the same thing. It was like he was some other animal out there.\n\nPreakness Stakes\nIn the 1973 Preakness Stakes on May 19, Secretariat broke last, but then made a huge, last-to-first move on the first turn. Raymond Woolfe, a photographer for the Daily Racing Form, captured Secretariat launching the move with a leaping stride in the air. This was later used as the basis for the statue by John Skeaping that stands in the Belmont Park paddock. Turcotte later said that he was proudest of this win because of the split-second decision he made going" ]

[ ":24, :234⁄5, :232⁄5, and :23. This means he was still accelerating as of the final quarter-mile of the race. No other horse had won the Derby in less than 2 minutes before, and it would not be accomplished again until Monarchos ran the race in 1:59.97 in 2001.Sportswriter Mike Sullivan later said:\n\nI was at Secretariat's Derby, in '73 ... That was ... just beauty, you know? He started in last place, which he tended to do. I was covering the second-place horse, which wound up being Sham. It looked like Sham's race going into the last turn, I think. The thing you" ]

[ "which was launched shortly after the Nagano Olympics in 1998. It also had two locations in Michigan for a short time. However, sales were low, and the Dominator brand was forced out of business in 2008.\nIn May 2001, Hašek founded the Dominik Hašek Youth Hockey League/Hašek's Heroes, and donated over $1 million to help underprivileged children in Buffalo play hockey.\nHe organized a charity hockey game in Prague in 1998, and donated the profits to hospitals in the Czech Republic.Hašek was known to appreciate humor to keep team spirits up, and often jokes about his resemblance to Cosmo Kramer of Seinfeld. In the late 1990s, he", "league (Mike Liut won the Lester B. Pearson Trophy as the league's MVP as determined by his peers in 1981). He is also the only goaltender to win the Hart Trophy twice for most valuable player, and was only one Vezina Trophy away from tying Jacques Plante's record of seven.\n\nRecords\nIn nine seasons with the Buffalo Sabres, Hašek acquired over 25 franchise records, including most all-time games played, wins, shutouts and lowest goals against average. He also holds the Sabres' record for most shutouts in a single season with 13 in 1997–98, and lowest goals against average in a single season with a total of 1.87 in", "for most in one month. He again won the Lester B. Pearson Award, the Hart Trophy, and the Vezina Trophy, becoming the first goalie in NHL history to win the Hart twice. He donated the $10,000 prize money after winning the Pearson Award in 1998 to the Variety Club of Buffalo. In the off-season he signed a three-year, $26 million deal, securing the highest goaltender salary contract at that time.In 1998–99, Hašek averaged a career-best 1.87 GAA and .937 save percentage, capturing him his third consecutive Vezina, and fifth overall. He was also a finalist for the Hart and Pearson trophies. Though the Sabres", "in five games by the Flyers. In 2000–01—his final season with Buffalo—Hašek set a modern era record by collecting his sixth Vezina Trophy. He also won his second William M. Jennings Trophy. The Sabres played Philadelphia in the first round of the playoffs again, where Hašek outplayed his 1998 Olympic back-up Roman Čechmánek. In the clinching sixth game, Hašek recorded a shutout against the Flyers. In the second round, the Sabres played a seven-game series against Mario Lemieux's Penguins, which culminated with the Penguins winning the final game in overtime.\n\nFirst tenure with the Detroit Red Wings (2001–2002; 2003–2004)\nBefore the start of the", "posted a league-record seven shutouts in December and continued to play at an elite level. He won the Vezina Trophy again, as well as the Lester B. Pearson Award and the Hart Trophy for league MVP. He became one of the few goaltenders in NHL history to win the Hart, alongside Jacques Plante, Carey Price, Chuck Rayner, Al Rollins, José Théodore and Roy Worters.Hašek played a career-high 72 games in the 1997–98 season, and set a team record with 13 shutouts. Six of these shutouts came in December, which tied the all-time NHL record for most in one month. He again won the Lester B.", "agent by HC Pardubice of the Czech Extraliga\nJune 7, 2010 – Signed as a free agent by Spartak Moscow of the KHL\nOctober 9, 2012 – Announced retirement from professional hockey for the third time.\n\nSee also\nList of NHL statistical leaders\n\nNotes\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nBiographical information and career statistics from NHL.com, or Eliteprospects.com, or Eurohockey.com, or Hockey-Reference.com, or The Internet Hockey Database\nDominik Hasek at HockeyGoalies.org\nDominik Hasek at Olympics.comDominik Hasek at Olympic.org (archived)\nDominik Hašek at Olympedia \nDominik Hašek at Olympics at Sports-Reference.com (archived)", "average in a single season with a total of 1.87 in 1998–99. During the Detroit Red Wings' championship run in 2002, Hašek set franchise records for most games played, minutes played, wins and shutouts in a playoff year. He holds several notable NHL records:\n\nOne of the most impressive single-game performances by any player in NHL history came on April 27, 1994. Hašek made 70 saves in a four-overtime shutout. The opposing goalie was Martin Brodeur, then a rookie, who made 49 saves before being beaten by Dave Hannan and the Sabres beat New Jersey 1–0, which helped the Sabres to tie the series 3–3 in the", "Dominik Hašek (Czech pronunciation: [ˈdomɪnɪk ˈɦaʃɛk], ; born January 29, 1965) is a Czech former ice hockey goaltender who mostly played for the Buffalo Sabres of the National Hockey League (NHL). Widely regarded as one of the best goaltenders of all time, Hašek also played for the Chicago Blackhawks, Detroit Red Wings, and Ottawa Senators in his 16-season National Hockey League (NHL) career before finishing his career in Europe. While in Buffalo, he became one of the league's finest goaltenders, earning him the nickname \"The Dominator\". His strong play has been credited with establishing European goaltenders in a league previously dominated by North Americans.", "his retirement on October 9, 2012. Hašek was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame on November 17, 2014. He is also a member of the Czech Ice Hockey Hall of Fame and the IIHF Hall of Fame. His number was retired by the Sabres and HC Pardubice. In 2017, he was named one of the '100 Greatest NHL Players' in history.\n\nEarly life\nHašek started playing hockey at the age of six in his native Czechoslovakia. As he explains:\n\nThey held a tryout for 5-year-old boys and my father took me there. I didn't even have real skates. I had those blades that you screwed onto the soles of", "its first and only Olympic gold medal. The feat made him a popular figure in his home country and prompted hockey legend Wayne Gretzky to call him \"the best player in the game\". While with the Red Wings in 2002, Hašek became the first European-trained starting goaltender to win the Stanley Cup. In the process, he set a record for shutouts in a postseason year.\nHašek was considered an unorthodox goaltender, with a distinct style that labeled him a \"flopper\". He was best known for his concentration, foot speed, flexibility, and unconventional saves, such as covering the puck with his blocker rather than his trapper. Hašek holds" ]

[ "What happened in 2001 what did Dominik Hašek do?", "In May 2001, Dominik Hašek founded the Dominik Hašek Youth Hockey League/Hašek's Heroes, and donated over $1 million to help underprivileged children in Buffalo play hockey.", "Did Dominik Hašek set any records?", "Dominik Hašek set a record for shutouts in a postseason year." ]

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[ "puck with his blocker rather than his trapper. Hašek holds the highest career save percentage of all time (0.9223) and is seventh in goals against average (first in the modern era) (2.202), and the third-highest single-season save percentage (0.9366 in 1998–99). The record was broken by Tim Thomas in the 2010–11 season and again in the 2011–12 season by Brian Elliott, who now holds the record at .940. Hašek is the only goalie to face the most shots per 60 minutes and have the highest save percentage in one season. He did it twice while with the Sabres (1996 and 1998).\nAt the time" ]

[ "for most in one month. He again won the Lester B. Pearson Award, the Hart Trophy, and the Vezina Trophy, becoming the first goalie in NHL history to win the Hart twice. He donated the $10,000 prize money after winning the Pearson Award in 1998 to the Variety Club of Buffalo. In the off-season he signed a three-year, $26 million deal, securing the highest goaltender salary contract at that time.In 1998–99, Hašek averaged a career-best 1.87 GAA and .937 save percentage, capturing him his third consecutive Vezina, and fifth overall. He was also a finalist for the Hart and Pearson trophies. Though the Sabres", "league (Mike Liut won the Lester B. Pearson Trophy as the league's MVP as determined by his peers in 1981). He is also the only goaltender to win the Hart Trophy twice for most valuable player, and was only one Vezina Trophy away from tying Jacques Plante's record of seven.\n\nRecords\nIn nine seasons with the Buffalo Sabres, Hašek acquired over 25 franchise records, including most all-time games played, wins, shutouts and lowest goals against average. He also holds the Sabres' record for most shutouts in a single season with 13 in 1997–98, and lowest goals against average in a single season with a total of 1.87 in", "agent by HC Pardubice of the Czech Extraliga\nJune 7, 2010 – Signed as a free agent by Spartak Moscow of the KHL\nOctober 9, 2012 – Announced retirement from professional hockey for the third time.\n\nSee also\nList of NHL statistical leaders\n\nNotes\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nBiographical information and career statistics from NHL.com, or Eliteprospects.com, or Eurohockey.com, or Hockey-Reference.com, or The Internet Hockey Database\nDominik Hasek at HockeyGoalies.org\nDominik Hasek at Olympics.comDominik Hasek at Olympic.org (archived)\nDominik Hašek at Olympedia \nDominik Hašek at Olympics at Sports-Reference.com (archived)", "posted a league-record seven shutouts in December and continued to play at an elite level. He won the Vezina Trophy again, as well as the Lester B. Pearson Award and the Hart Trophy for league MVP. He became one of the few goaltenders in NHL history to win the Hart, alongside Jacques Plante, Carey Price, Chuck Rayner, Al Rollins, José Théodore and Roy Worters.Hašek played a career-high 72 games in the 1997–98 season, and set a team record with 13 shutouts. Six of these shutouts came in December, which tied the all-time NHL record for most in one month. He again won the Lester B.", "Dominik Hašek (Czech pronunciation: [ˈdomɪnɪk ˈɦaʃɛk], ; born January 29, 1965) is a Czech former ice hockey goaltender who mostly played for the Buffalo Sabres of the National Hockey League (NHL). Widely regarded as one of the best goaltenders of all time, Hašek also played for the Chicago Blackhawks, Detroit Red Wings, and Ottawa Senators in his 16-season National Hockey League (NHL) career before finishing his career in Europe. While in Buffalo, he became one of the league's finest goaltenders, earning him the nickname \"The Dominator\". His strong play has been credited with establishing European goaltenders in a league previously dominated by North Americans.", "in five games by the Flyers. In 2000–01—his final season with Buffalo—Hašek set a modern era record by collecting his sixth Vezina Trophy. He also won his second William M. Jennings Trophy. The Sabres played Philadelphia in the first round of the playoffs again, where Hašek outplayed his 1998 Olympic back-up Roman Čechmánek. In the clinching sixth game, Hašek recorded a shutout against the Flyers. In the second round, the Sabres played a seven-game series against Mario Lemieux's Penguins, which culminated with the Penguins winning the final game in overtime.\n\nFirst tenure with the Detroit Red Wings (2001–2002; 2003–2004)\nBefore the start of the", "which was launched shortly after the Nagano Olympics in 1998. It also had two locations in Michigan for a short time. However, sales were low, and the Dominator brand was forced out of business in 2008.\nIn May 2001, Hašek founded the Dominik Hašek Youth Hockey League/Hašek's Heroes, and donated over $1 million to help underprivileged children in Buffalo play hockey.\nHe organized a charity hockey game in Prague in 1998, and donated the profits to hospitals in the Czech Republic.Hašek was known to appreciate humor to keep team spirits up, and often jokes about his resemblance to Cosmo Kramer of Seinfeld. In the late 1990s, he", "average in a single season with a total of 1.87 in 1998–99. During the Detroit Red Wings' championship run in 2002, Hašek set franchise records for most games played, minutes played, wins and shutouts in a playoff year. He holds several notable NHL records:\n\nOne of the most impressive single-game performances by any player in NHL history came on April 27, 1994. Hašek made 70 saves in a four-overtime shutout. The opposing goalie was Martin Brodeur, then a rookie, who made 49 saves before being beaten by Dave Hannan and the Sabres beat New Jersey 1–0, which helped the Sabres to tie the series 3–3 in the", "Trophy, was runner-up for the Hart Memorial Trophy and shared the William M. Jennings Trophy with Fuhr. Hašek played 58 games with a league-best 1.95 goals against average (GAA), seven shutouts, and a .930 save percentage. He followed this feat by again winning the Vezina Trophy and again placing as a Hart finalist in 1994–95.Hašek's success in the 1996–97 season was overshadowed by a conflict with then-head coach Ted Nolan. The conflict created a tense, clique-like atmosphere in the Sabres' clubhouse.\nIn game three of the first round series against the Ottawa Senators, Hašek removed himself in the second period and was replaced by", "establishing European goaltenders in a league previously dominated by North Americans. He is a two-time Stanley Cup champion, both with the Red Wings.\nHašek was one of the league's most successful goaltenders of the 1990s and early 2000s. From 1993 to 2001, he won six Vezina Trophies, the most under the award's current system of voting for the best individual goalie. In 1998 he won his second consecutive Hart Memorial Trophy, becoming the first goaltender to win the award multiple times. During the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, Japan, he led the Czech national ice hockey team to its first and only Olympic gold medal. The feat made him" ]

[ "What happened in 2001 what did Dominik Hašek do?", "In May 2001, Dominik Hašek founded the Dominik Hašek Youth Hockey League/Hašek's Heroes, and donated over $1 million to help underprivileged children in Buffalo play hockey.", "Did Dominik Hašek set any records?", "Dominik Hašek set a record for shutouts in a postseason year.", "Did Dominik Hašek set any others during this time?", "Dominik Hašek holds the highest career save percentage of all time and is seventh in goals against average, and the third-highest single-season save percentage.", "Were any awards won by Dominik Hašek?", "From 1993 to 2001, Dominik Hašek won six Vezina Trophies, the most under the award's current system of voting for the best individual goalie." ]

[]

[ "was no evidence that Hašek intended bodily harm and recommended the case be treated as a misdemeanor, punishable only by fine (US$95 maximum), rather than a felony where jail time would have been possible. Hašek's lawyer Pavel Jelínek announced in a statement that media reports about the incident were exaggerated, with Šíla not having sustained any documented injuries. In October 2003, the country's top prosecutor overruled Strnadová, saying her ruling was unlawful because the case had not been properly investigated. The Pardubice prosecutor's office then investigated the case again, and reached the same decision as Strnadová.\n\nLegacy\nMilestones\nHašek earned his 300th National Hockey League" ]

[ "Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental Advisory sticker. It was produced by the band's first guitarist Tobi Miller.\nUp to May 2005, Red Letter Days had sold 208,000 copies, according to Nielsen Soundscan.\nAfter years of fetching hundreds of dollars for an original pressing on the open market, Red Letter Days was reissued on LP for its 15th anniversary on November 3, 2017.\n\nReception\nThe album received a score of 63 out of 100 from Metacritic, indicating \"generally positive reviews.\" RollingStone called it \"a straightforward barnburner of an album\" while Mojo commented that \"The Wallflowers make some of the best radio-friendly hooks and melodies", "2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on January 8, 2002.The first single from the Red Letter Days, \"When You're On Top,\" was released to radio on August 16, 2002. A music video directed by Marc Webb followed. After a few false starts, Red Letter Days was released on November 5, 2002. The album was met with mixed to positive reviews. Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the album. Commercial performance was relatively mixed as well, peaking at No.32 on the Billboard 200. Around the time of Red Letter Days' release the Wallflowers embarked on a" ]

[]

[ "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental", "Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed additional percussion and background vocals to the album. Red Letter Days was produced by founding Wallflowers member Tobi Miller along with Bill Appleberry. Recording continued through the new year and was completed on April 12, 2002. The album was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.While the Wallflowers were working on Red Letter Days, they recorded a cover of the Beatles' 1965 song \"I'm Looking Through You\" for the soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on", "he dropped the \"u\" in words like \"honour\" and \"favour\"; and wherever possible he rejected the apostrophe in contractions such as \"won't\" or \"that's\". In his will, Shaw ordered that, after some specified legacies, his remaining assets were to form a trust to pay for fundamental reform of the English alphabet into a phonetic version of forty letters. Though Shaw's intentions were clear, his drafting was flawed, and the courts initially ruled the intended trust void. A later out-of-court agreement provided a sum of £8,300 for spelling reform; the bulk of his fortune went to the residuary legatees—the British Museum, the Royal", "its emphasis on experimentation and ambiance and noted the exploration work in the tension between the \"croon\" in Moreno's \"soulful\" voice, his \"opaque\" lyrics, and Carpenter's \"pile-driving\" guitar riffs.\n\nOhms, Black Stallion, and Vega's departure (2017–present)\nIn 2017, Chino Moreno revealed that Deftones had begun writing material for their ninth studio album, which he stated hoped would be out sometime in 2019. Chino went on to state that the band would be going in a different direction than they had on Gore and that he would be taking a step back from leading the song writing to allow Stephen Carpenter and Abe Cunningham to be more", "a second time. The Wallflowers continued to tour throughout the U.S. through mid-December before heading to Japan in February 2001 for their first tour there.\nThe Wallflowers covered the Bee Gees' 1968 hit song \"I Started a Joke\" for the 2001 film, Zoolander.The band continued to tour the U.S. for the remainder of 2001 until it was announced in early October that guitarist Michael Ward had left the Wallflowers due to creative differences.\n\n2002–2003: Red Letter Days\nIn 2001, Jakob Dylan began writing for the Wallflowers' fourth album, Red Letter Days. Later that year while on tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable", "to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). About writing the album, Dylan says, \"I was just also writing during a time when the world felt like it was falling apart. That changes the way you address even the simplest things, because you have panic in your mind all the time. You have anxiety. And you also have hope. And it’s all in there\".\n\nBand members\nTimeline\nDiscography\nStudio albums\n\nThe Wallflowers (1992)\nBringing Down the Horse (1996)\n(Breach) (2000)\nRed Letter Days (2002)\nRebel, Sweetheart (2005)\nGlad All Over (2012)\nExit Wounds (2021)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nTrouser Press entry", "Press, 2007.\nLectures on Anthropology, Ed. Allen W. Wood and Robert B. Louden Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.\nNatural Science, Ed. Eric Watkins. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.\n\nList of major works\nAbbreviations used in body of article are boldface in brackets. Unless otherwise noted, pagination is to the critical Akademie edition, which can be found in the margins of the Cambridge translations.\n\n1749: Thoughts on the True Estimation of Living Forces (Gedanken von der wahren Schätzung der lebendigen Kräfte)\n1755: Universal Natural History and Theory of the Heavens [UNH] (Allgemeine Naturgeschichte und Theorie des Himmels)\n1755: Brief Outline of Certain Meditations", "the fall of 2007, Deftones started writing songs for what was planned to be their sixth studio album, Eros. Moreno described the album as unorthodox and aggressive. Recording started on April 14, 2008. The band returned to working with Terry Date as the producer for Eros.On November 4, 2008, Cheng was seriously injured in a car accident in Santa Clara, California. As a result of the injuries sustained in the crash, he remained in a minimally conscious state. Following the accident, Cheng's bandmates and his mother, Jeanne, began using the Deftones blog to post updates on Cheng's condition. On December 9, 2008, it was announced that" ]

[ "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental" ]

[ "Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental Advisory sticker. It was produced by the band's first guitarist Tobi Miller.\nUp to May 2005, Red Letter Days had sold 208,000 copies, according to Nielsen Soundscan.\nAfter years of fetching hundreds of dollars for an original pressing on the open market, Red Letter Days was reissued on LP for its 15th anniversary on November 3, 2017.\n\nReception\nThe album received a score of 63 out of 100 from Metacritic, indicating \"generally positive reviews.\" RollingStone called it \"a straightforward barnburner of an album\" while Mojo commented that \"The Wallflowers make some of the best radio-friendly hooks and melodies" ]

[ "What is the album Red Letter Days by the Wallflowers?", "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.", "Anything interesting about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200." ]

[ "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental", "2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on January 8, 2002.The first single from the Red Letter Days, \"When You're On Top,\" was released to radio on August 16, 2002. A music video directed by Marc Webb followed. After a few false starts, Red Letter Days was released on November 5, 2002. The album was met with mixed to positive reviews. Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the album. Commercial performance was relatively mixed as well, peaking at No.32 on the Billboard 200. Around the time of Red Letter Days' release the Wallflowers embarked on a", "a second time. The Wallflowers continued to tour throughout the U.S. through mid-December before heading to Japan in February 2001 for their first tour there.\nThe Wallflowers covered the Bee Gees' 1968 hit song \"I Started a Joke\" for the 2001 film, Zoolander.The band continued to tour the U.S. for the remainder of 2001 until it was announced in early October that guitarist Michael Ward had left the Wallflowers due to creative differences.\n\n2002–2003: Red Letter Days\nIn 2001, Jakob Dylan began writing for the Wallflowers' fourth album, Red Letter Days. Later that year while on tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable", "Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed additional percussion and background vocals to the album. Red Letter Days was produced by founding Wallflowers member Tobi Miller along with Bill Appleberry. Recording continued through the new year and was completed on April 12, 2002. The album was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.While the Wallflowers were working on Red Letter Days, they recorded a cover of the Beatles' 1965 song \"I'm Looking Through You\" for the soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on", "to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). About writing the album, Dylan says, \"I was just also writing during a time when the world felt like it was falling apart. That changes the way you address even the simplest things, because you have panic in your mind all the time. You have anxiety. And you also have hope. And it’s all in there\".\n\nBand members\nTimeline\nDiscography\nStudio albums\n\nThe Wallflowers (1992)\nBringing Down the Horse (1996)\n(Breach) (2000)\nRed Letter Days (2002)\nRebel, Sweetheart (2005)\nGlad All Over (2012)\nExit Wounds (2021)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nTrouser Press entry", "throughout the summer. Touring for the Wallflowers was limited as Dylan had released his first solo album, Seeing Things, on June 10, 2008. Eltringham joined Dylan on tour in promotion for the album.\nOn March 31, 2009, the Wallflowers released a greatest-hits album called Collected: 1996–2005. The album featured every single released from the four albums the Wallflowers released between 1996 and 2005. It also featured several non-single songs from those four albums, a demo version of \"God Says Nothing Back\" and an unreleased song called \"Eat You Sleeping\". That summer, the Wallflowers embarked on a U.S. tour in support of the album. In addition", "Their next album, (Breach) (2000), contained \"Sleepwalker,\" their only single to chart the Billboard Hot 100 at number 76 (previous singles did not chart due to Billboard rules at the time). The group released an additional two critically acclaimed albums before going on hiatus. In 2012, the Wallflowers reunited to release their sixth studio album, Glad All Over. Nearly ten years later they released their seventh studio album, Exit Wounds (2021), which charted at number 3 on Billboard's Top Album Sales. Lyrically, the band focuses on Dylan's introspection, exploring themes of nostalgia, heartache, anxiety, purpose and insecurities.The Wallflowers have sold over five", "bass, keyboardist Jimmy Wallace and Lynn Williams on drums.In May 2016, the Wallflowers' 1996 album Bringing Down the Horse was issued on vinyl for the first time in honor of the 20th anniversary of the album's release. The Wallflowers was among hundreds of artists whose material was destroyed in the 2008 Universal fire, although later research showed the master tapes for Bringing Down the Horse were not actually destroyed in the fire.The band was set to undertake a North American summer tour in 2020 alongside Matchbox Twenty prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.\n\n2021–present: Exit Wounds\nThe band's seventh studio album, Exit Wounds, was released on July 9, 2021,", "The Wallflowers is an American rock solo project of American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Jakob Dylan. The Wallflowers were originally a roots rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1989 by Dylan and guitarist Tobi Miller. The band has gone through a number of personnel changes but has remained centered on Dylan.Following their eponymous debut album in 1992, the Wallflowers released what would become their best-known and highest-selling album, Bringing Down the Horse (1996), which included the U.S. radio hit \"One Headlight,\" as well as \"6th Avenue Heartache,\" \"The Difference,\" and \"Three Marlenas.\" Their next album, (Breach) (2000), contained \"Sleepwalker,\"" ]

[ "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental" ]

[ "Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental Advisory sticker. It was produced by the band's first guitarist Tobi Miller.\nUp to May 2005, Red Letter Days had sold 208,000 copies, according to Nielsen Soundscan.\nAfter years of fetching hundreds of dollars for an original pressing on the open market, Red Letter Days was reissued on LP for its 15th anniversary on November 3, 2017.\n\nReception\nThe album received a score of 63 out of 100 from Metacritic, indicating \"generally positive reviews.\" RollingStone called it \"a straightforward barnburner of an album\" while Mojo commented that \"The Wallflowers make some of the best radio-friendly hooks and melodies", "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental", "2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on January 8, 2002.The first single from the Red Letter Days, \"When You're On Top,\" was released to radio on August 16, 2002. A music video directed by Marc Webb followed. After a few false starts, Red Letter Days was released on November 5, 2002. The album was met with mixed to positive reviews. Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the album. Commercial performance was relatively mixed as well, peaking at No.32 on the Billboard 200. Around the time of Red Letter Days' release the Wallflowers embarked on a", "a second time. The Wallflowers continued to tour throughout the U.S. through mid-December before heading to Japan in February 2001 for their first tour there.\nThe Wallflowers covered the Bee Gees' 1968 hit song \"I Started a Joke\" for the 2001 film, Zoolander.The band continued to tour the U.S. for the remainder of 2001 until it was announced in early October that guitarist Michael Ward had left the Wallflowers due to creative differences.\n\n2002–2003: Red Letter Days\nIn 2001, Jakob Dylan began writing for the Wallflowers' fourth album, Red Letter Days. Later that year while on tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable" ]

[ "What is the album Red Letter Days by the Wallflowers?", "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.", "Anything interesting about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200.", "Is there any interesting information about the mixed reviews for The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days." ]

[ "Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed additional percussion and background vocals to the album. Red Letter Days was produced by founding Wallflowers member Tobi Miller along with Bill Appleberry. Recording continued through the new year and was completed on April 12, 2002. The album was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.While the Wallflowers were working on Red Letter Days, they recorded a cover of the Beatles' 1965 song \"I'm Looking Through You\" for the soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on", "to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). About writing the album, Dylan says, \"I was just also writing during a time when the world felt like it was falling apart. That changes the way you address even the simplest things, because you have panic in your mind all the time. You have anxiety. And you also have hope. And it’s all in there\".\n\nBand members\nTimeline\nDiscography\nStudio albums\n\nThe Wallflowers (1992)\nBringing Down the Horse (1996)\n(Breach) (2000)\nRed Letter Days (2002)\nRebel, Sweetheart (2005)\nGlad All Over (2012)\nExit Wounds (2021)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nTrouser Press entry", "throughout the summer. Touring for the Wallflowers was limited as Dylan had released his first solo album, Seeing Things, on June 10, 2008. Eltringham joined Dylan on tour in promotion for the album.\nOn March 31, 2009, the Wallflowers released a greatest-hits album called Collected: 1996–2005. The album featured every single released from the four albums the Wallflowers released between 1996 and 2005. It also featured several non-single songs from those four albums, a demo version of \"God Says Nothing Back\" and an unreleased song called \"Eat You Sleeping\". That summer, the Wallflowers embarked on a U.S. tour in support of the album. In addition", "Their next album, (Breach) (2000), contained \"Sleepwalker,\" their only single to chart the Billboard Hot 100 at number 76 (previous singles did not chart due to Billboard rules at the time). The group released an additional two critically acclaimed albums before going on hiatus. In 2012, the Wallflowers reunited to release their sixth studio album, Glad All Over. Nearly ten years later they released their seventh studio album, Exit Wounds (2021), which charted at number 3 on Billboard's Top Album Sales. Lyrically, the band focuses on Dylan's introspection, exploring themes of nostalgia, heartache, anxiety, purpose and insecurities.The Wallflowers have sold over five", "The Wallflowers is an American rock solo project of American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Jakob Dylan. The Wallflowers were originally a roots rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1989 by Dylan and guitarist Tobi Miller. The band has gone through a number of personnel changes but has remained centered on Dylan.Following their eponymous debut album in 1992, the Wallflowers released what would become their best-known and highest-selling album, Bringing Down the Horse (1996), which included the U.S. radio hit \"One Headlight,\" as well as \"6th Avenue Heartache,\" \"The Difference,\" and \"Three Marlenas.\" Their next album, (Breach) (2000), contained \"Sleepwalker,\"", "bass, keyboardist Jimmy Wallace and Lynn Williams on drums.In May 2016, the Wallflowers' 1996 album Bringing Down the Horse was issued on vinyl for the first time in honor of the 20th anniversary of the album's release. The Wallflowers was among hundreds of artists whose material was destroyed in the 2008 Universal fire, although later research showed the master tapes for Bringing Down the Horse were not actually destroyed in the fire.The band was set to undertake a North American summer tour in 2020 alongside Matchbox Twenty prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.\n\n2021–present: Exit Wounds\nThe band's seventh studio album, Exit Wounds, was released on July 9, 2021," ]

[ "Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed additional percussion and background vocals to the album. Red Letter Days was produced by founding Wallflowers member Tobi Miller along with Bill Appleberry. Recording continued through the new year and was completed on April 12, 2002. The album was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.While the Wallflowers were working on Red Letter Days, they recorded a cover of the Beatles' 1965 song \"I'm Looking Through You\" for the soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on" ]

[ "Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental Advisory sticker. It was produced by the band's first guitarist Tobi Miller.\nUp to May 2005, Red Letter Days had sold 208,000 copies, according to Nielsen Soundscan.\nAfter years of fetching hundreds of dollars for an original pressing on the open market, Red Letter Days was reissued on LP for its 15th anniversary on November 3, 2017.\n\nReception\nThe album received a score of 63 out of 100 from Metacritic, indicating \"generally positive reviews.\" RollingStone called it \"a straightforward barnburner of an album\" while Mojo commented that \"The Wallflowers make some of the best radio-friendly hooks and melodies", "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental", "Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed additional percussion and background vocals to the album. Red Letter Days was produced by founding Wallflowers member Tobi Miller along with Bill Appleberry. Recording continued through the new year and was completed on April 12, 2002. The album was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.While the Wallflowers were working on Red Letter Days, they recorded a cover of the Beatles' 1965 song \"I'm Looking Through You\" for the soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on", "a second time. The Wallflowers continued to tour throughout the U.S. through mid-December before heading to Japan in February 2001 for their first tour there.\nThe Wallflowers covered the Bee Gees' 1968 hit song \"I Started a Joke\" for the 2001 film, Zoolander.The band continued to tour the U.S. for the remainder of 2001 until it was announced in early October that guitarist Michael Ward had left the Wallflowers due to creative differences.\n\n2002–2003: Red Letter Days\nIn 2001, Jakob Dylan began writing for the Wallflowers' fourth album, Red Letter Days. Later that year while on tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable", "2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on January 8, 2002.The first single from the Red Letter Days, \"When You're On Top,\" was released to radio on August 16, 2002. A music video directed by Marc Webb followed. After a few false starts, Red Letter Days was released on November 5, 2002. The album was met with mixed to positive reviews. Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the album. Commercial performance was relatively mixed as well, peaking at No.32 on the Billboard 200. Around the time of Red Letter Days' release the Wallflowers embarked on a", "to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). About writing the album, Dylan says, \"I was just also writing during a time when the world felt like it was falling apart. That changes the way you address even the simplest things, because you have panic in your mind all the time. You have anxiety. And you also have hope. And it’s all in there\".\n\nBand members\nTimeline\nDiscography\nStudio albums\n\nThe Wallflowers (1992)\nBringing Down the Horse (1996)\n(Breach) (2000)\nRed Letter Days (2002)\nRebel, Sweetheart (2005)\nGlad All Over (2012)\nExit Wounds (2021)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nTrouser Press entry", "throughout the summer. Touring for the Wallflowers was limited as Dylan had released his first solo album, Seeing Things, on June 10, 2008. Eltringham joined Dylan on tour in promotion for the album.\nOn March 31, 2009, the Wallflowers released a greatest-hits album called Collected: 1996–2005. The album featured every single released from the four albums the Wallflowers released between 1996 and 2005. It also featured several non-single songs from those four albums, a demo version of \"God Says Nothing Back\" and an unreleased song called \"Eat You Sleeping\". That summer, the Wallflowers embarked on a U.S. tour in support of the album. In addition", "then signed the band to their label in 1994.\n\n1995–1998: Bringing Down the Horse\nAfter signing with Interscope Records, the Wallflowers began preparations for their second album, Bringing Down the Horse. They again had trouble finding a producer that was willing to work with them. The Wallflowers began sending demo tapes to producers and one of the tapes landed in the hands of T Bone Burnett. Burnett was impressed by the songs and agreed to produce the band. However, just as they were getting ready to record, the band's guitarist Tobi Miller quit. This left the Wallflowers without a permanent drummer or guitarist while they were in the", "The Wallflowers is an American rock solo project of American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Jakob Dylan. The Wallflowers were originally a roots rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1989 by Dylan and guitarist Tobi Miller. The band has gone through a number of personnel changes but has remained centered on Dylan.Following their eponymous debut album in 1992, the Wallflowers released what would become their best-known and highest-selling album, Bringing Down the Horse (1996), which included the U.S. radio hit \"One Headlight,\" as well as \"6th Avenue Heartache,\" \"The Difference,\" and \"Three Marlenas.\" Their next album, (Breach) (2000), contained \"Sleepwalker,\"", "of Red Letter Days' release the Wallflowers embarked on a monthlong U.S. tour stretching into early December. After another U.S. tour in January 2003, the Wallflowers toured in several European countries in February including Spain, Italy, Germany and Great Britain. After this tour, the Wallflowers' drummer since 1995, Mario Calire announced he was parting ways with the band.In 2003, the Wallflowers were featured on the soundtrack for the film American Wedding. The band recorded a cover of Van Morrison's 1970 song \"Into the Mystic\". The film's music department weren't able to secure the licensing rights to use Morrison's version so they" ]

[ "What is the album Red Letter Days by the Wallflowers?", "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.", "Anything interesting about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200.", "Is there any interesting information about the mixed reviews for The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days.", "Any information readers should know about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002." ]

[]

[ "tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable equipment. Some recording was also done at keyboardist Rami Jaffee's house. Once the band was finished touring for the year they began recording the bulk of the new record at Jackson Browne's studio in Santa Monica. By the time the Wallflowers had gotten into Browne's studio, Michael Ward had left the band, leaving them without a lead guitarist for the recording process. Dylan took on much of the lead guitar duties with Mike McCready, Rusty Anderson and Val McCallum also contributing on guitar. Moe Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed" ]

[ "Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental Advisory sticker. It was produced by the band's first guitarist Tobi Miller.\nUp to May 2005, Red Letter Days had sold 208,000 copies, according to Nielsen Soundscan.\nAfter years of fetching hundreds of dollars for an original pressing on the open market, Red Letter Days was reissued on LP for its 15th anniversary on November 3, 2017.\n\nReception\nThe album received a score of 63 out of 100 from Metacritic, indicating \"generally positive reviews.\" RollingStone called it \"a straightforward barnburner of an album\" while Mojo commented that \"The Wallflowers make some of the best radio-friendly hooks and melodies" ]

[ "What is the album Red Letter Days by the Wallflowers?", "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.", "Anything interesting about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200.", "Is there any interesting information about the mixed reviews for The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days.", "Any information readers should know about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.", "What else about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days is notable?", "By the time the Wallflowers had gotten into Browne's studio to record Red Letter Days, Michael Ward left the band, leaving them without a lead guitarist for the recording process." ]

[ "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental", "Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed additional percussion and background vocals to the album. Red Letter Days was produced by founding Wallflowers member Tobi Miller along with Bill Appleberry. Recording continued through the new year and was completed on April 12, 2002. The album was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.While the Wallflowers were working on Red Letter Days, they recorded a cover of the Beatles' 1965 song \"I'm Looking Through You\" for the soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on", "a second time. The Wallflowers continued to tour throughout the U.S. through mid-December before heading to Japan in February 2001 for their first tour there.\nThe Wallflowers covered the Bee Gees' 1968 hit song \"I Started a Joke\" for the 2001 film, Zoolander.The band continued to tour the U.S. for the remainder of 2001 until it was announced in early October that guitarist Michael Ward had left the Wallflowers due to creative differences.\n\n2002–2003: Red Letter Days\nIn 2001, Jakob Dylan began writing for the Wallflowers' fourth album, Red Letter Days. Later that year while on tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable", "2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on January 8, 2002.The first single from the Red Letter Days, \"When You're On Top,\" was released to radio on August 16, 2002. A music video directed by Marc Webb followed. After a few false starts, Red Letter Days was released on November 5, 2002. The album was met with mixed to positive reviews. Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the album. Commercial performance was relatively mixed as well, peaking at No.32 on the Billboard 200. Around the time of Red Letter Days' release the Wallflowers embarked on a", "to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). About writing the album, Dylan says, \"I was just also writing during a time when the world felt like it was falling apart. That changes the way you address even the simplest things, because you have panic in your mind all the time. You have anxiety. And you also have hope. And it’s all in there\".\n\nBand members\nTimeline\nDiscography\nStudio albums\n\nThe Wallflowers (1992)\nBringing Down the Horse (1996)\n(Breach) (2000)\nRed Letter Days (2002)\nRebel, Sweetheart (2005)\nGlad All Over (2012)\nExit Wounds (2021)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nTrouser Press entry", "then signed the band to their label in 1994.\n\n1995–1998: Bringing Down the Horse\nAfter signing with Interscope Records, the Wallflowers began preparations for their second album, Bringing Down the Horse. They again had trouble finding a producer that was willing to work with them. The Wallflowers began sending demo tapes to producers and one of the tapes landed in the hands of T Bone Burnett. Burnett was impressed by the songs and agreed to produce the band. However, just as they were getting ready to record, the band's guitarist Tobi Miller quit. This left the Wallflowers without a permanent drummer or guitarist while they were in the", "began recording, Eltringham left the band to pursue other projects. The band quickly got former Red Hot Chili Peppers and Pearl Jam drummer Jack Irons to join the band. Irons was previously involved in a side project with Wallflowers bassist Richling.\nOn January 20, 2012, the Wallflowers began recording their sixth studio album, Glad All Over, at the Black Keys' Dan Auerbach's Easy Eye studio in Nashville. Jay Joyce, who had played guitar on the Wallflowers' Bringing Down the Horse agreed to produce the album. Before going to the studio, the band had decided have a more collaborative writing process than they had in the", "\"If I could have had it my way I would not have seen a microphone or a cable anywhere.\" When it came to recording, the songs were drawn out past the 3 to 4 minute norm; many songs were close to 5 minutes in length with two exceeding 7 minutes. The Wallflowers finished recording and released their self-titled debut album on August 25, 1992. After the release they began touring nationwide as an opening act for bands such as Spin Doctors and 10,000 Maniacs.The Wallflowers continued to tour through the first half of 1993 but despite this sales of the album were slow. In total, 40,000 copies were sold.", "The Wallflowers is an American rock solo project of American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Jakob Dylan. The Wallflowers were originally a roots rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1989 by Dylan and guitarist Tobi Miller. The band has gone through a number of personnel changes but has remained centered on Dylan.Following their eponymous debut album in 1992, the Wallflowers released what would become their best-known and highest-selling album, Bringing Down the Horse (1996), which included the U.S. radio hit \"One Headlight,\" as well as \"6th Avenue Heartache,\" \"The Difference,\" and \"Three Marlenas.\" Their next album, (Breach) (2000), contained \"Sleepwalker,\"" ]

[ "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental" ]

[ "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental", "Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental Advisory sticker. It was produced by the band's first guitarist Tobi Miller.\nUp to May 2005, Red Letter Days had sold 208,000 copies, according to Nielsen Soundscan.\nAfter years of fetching hundreds of dollars for an original pressing on the open market, Red Letter Days was reissued on LP for its 15th anniversary on November 3, 2017.\n\nReception\nThe album received a score of 63 out of 100 from Metacritic, indicating \"generally positive reviews.\" RollingStone called it \"a straightforward barnburner of an album\" while Mojo commented that \"The Wallflowers make some of the best radio-friendly hooks and melodies", "a second time. The Wallflowers continued to tour throughout the U.S. through mid-December before heading to Japan in February 2001 for their first tour there.\nThe Wallflowers covered the Bee Gees' 1968 hit song \"I Started a Joke\" for the 2001 film, Zoolander.The band continued to tour the U.S. for the remainder of 2001 until it was announced in early October that guitarist Michael Ward had left the Wallflowers due to creative differences.\n\n2002–2003: Red Letter Days\nIn 2001, Jakob Dylan began writing for the Wallflowers' fourth album, Red Letter Days. Later that year while on tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable", "Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed additional percussion and background vocals to the album. Red Letter Days was produced by founding Wallflowers member Tobi Miller along with Bill Appleberry. Recording continued through the new year and was completed on April 12, 2002. The album was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.While the Wallflowers were working on Red Letter Days, they recorded a cover of the Beatles' 1965 song \"I'm Looking Through You\" for the soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on", "\"If I could have had it my way I would not have seen a microphone or a cable anywhere.\" When it came to recording, the songs were drawn out past the 3 to 4 minute norm; many songs were close to 5 minutes in length with two exceeding 7 minutes. The Wallflowers finished recording and released their self-titled debut album on August 25, 1992. After the release they began touring nationwide as an opening act for bands such as Spin Doctors and 10,000 Maniacs.The Wallflowers continued to tour through the first half of 1993 but despite this sales of the album were slow. In total, 40,000 copies were sold.", "2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on January 8, 2002.The first single from the Red Letter Days, \"When You're On Top,\" was released to radio on August 16, 2002. A music video directed by Marc Webb followed. After a few false starts, Red Letter Days was released on November 5, 2002. The album was met with mixed to positive reviews. Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the album. Commercial performance was relatively mixed as well, peaking at No.32 on the Billboard 200. Around the time of Red Letter Days' release the Wallflowers embarked on a", "began recording, Eltringham left the band to pursue other projects. The band quickly got former Red Hot Chili Peppers and Pearl Jam drummer Jack Irons to join the band. Irons was previously involved in a side project with Wallflowers bassist Richling.\nOn January 20, 2012, the Wallflowers began recording their sixth studio album, Glad All Over, at the Black Keys' Dan Auerbach's Easy Eye studio in Nashville. Jay Joyce, who had played guitar on the Wallflowers' Bringing Down the Horse agreed to produce the album. Before going to the studio, the band had decided have a more collaborative writing process than they had in the", "to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). About writing the album, Dylan says, \"I was just also writing during a time when the world felt like it was falling apart. That changes the way you address even the simplest things, because you have panic in your mind all the time. You have anxiety. And you also have hope. And it’s all in there\".\n\nBand members\nTimeline\nDiscography\nStudio albums\n\nThe Wallflowers (1992)\nBringing Down the Horse (1996)\n(Breach) (2000)\nRed Letter Days (2002)\nRebel, Sweetheart (2005)\nGlad All Over (2012)\nExit Wounds (2021)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nTrouser Press entry", "then signed the band to their label in 1994.\n\n1995–1998: Bringing Down the Horse\nAfter signing with Interscope Records, the Wallflowers began preparations for their second album, Bringing Down the Horse. They again had trouble finding a producer that was willing to work with them. The Wallflowers began sending demo tapes to producers and one of the tapes landed in the hands of T Bone Burnett. Burnett was impressed by the songs and agreed to produce the band. However, just as they were getting ready to record, the band's guitarist Tobi Miller quit. This left the Wallflowers without a permanent drummer or guitarist while they were in the", "a bit and we needed a break. And that year break becomes two years, then becomes three years, and before you know it five or six years go by pretty quickly. I can't do what I do in the Wallflowers without them. I miss it.\" In an interview with the St. Joseph News-Press, Dylan stated that the Wallflowers would be getting into the studio in January and the lineup would include Greg Richling on bass, Rami Jaffee on keys, Stuart Mathis on guitar and Fred Eltringham on drums. However, weeks before the Wallflowers began recording, Eltringham left the band to pursue other" ]

[ "What is the album Red Letter Days by the Wallflowers?", "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.", "Anything interesting about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200.", "Is there any interesting information about the mixed reviews for The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days.", "Any information readers should know about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.", "What else about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days is notable?", "By the time the Wallflowers had gotten into Browne's studio to record Red Letter Days, Michael Ward left the band, leaving them without a lead guitarist for the recording process.", "Were there any notable live performamces The Wallflowers played in 2002?", "The Wallflowers played the song Everybody Out of the Water, on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn." ]

[]

[ "tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable equipment. Some recording was also done at keyboardist Rami Jaffee's house. Once the band was finished touring for the year they began recording the bulk of the new record at Jackson Browne's studio in Santa Monica. By the time the Wallflowers had gotten into Browne's studio, Michael Ward had left the band, leaving them without a lead guitarist for the recording process. Dylan took on much of the lead guitar duties with Mike McCready, Rusty Anderson and Val McCallum also contributing on guitar. Moe Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed" ]

[ "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental", "Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental Advisory sticker. It was produced by the band's first guitarist Tobi Miller.\nUp to May 2005, Red Letter Days had sold 208,000 copies, according to Nielsen Soundscan.\nAfter years of fetching hundreds of dollars for an original pressing on the open market, Red Letter Days was reissued on LP for its 15th anniversary on November 3, 2017.\n\nReception\nThe album received a score of 63 out of 100 from Metacritic, indicating \"generally positive reviews.\" RollingStone called it \"a straightforward barnburner of an album\" while Mojo commented that \"The Wallflowers make some of the best radio-friendly hooks and melodies", "a second time. The Wallflowers continued to tour throughout the U.S. through mid-December before heading to Japan in February 2001 for their first tour there.\nThe Wallflowers covered the Bee Gees' 1968 hit song \"I Started a Joke\" for the 2001 film, Zoolander.The band continued to tour the U.S. for the remainder of 2001 until it was announced in early October that guitarist Michael Ward had left the Wallflowers due to creative differences.\n\n2002–2003: Red Letter Days\nIn 2001, Jakob Dylan began writing for the Wallflowers' fourth album, Red Letter Days. Later that year while on tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable", "Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed additional percussion and background vocals to the album. Red Letter Days was produced by founding Wallflowers member Tobi Miller along with Bill Appleberry. Recording continued through the new year and was completed on April 12, 2002. The album was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.While the Wallflowers were working on Red Letter Days, they recorded a cover of the Beatles' 1965 song \"I'm Looking Through You\" for the soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on", "2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on January 8, 2002.The first single from the Red Letter Days, \"When You're On Top,\" was released to radio on August 16, 2002. A music video directed by Marc Webb followed. After a few false starts, Red Letter Days was released on November 5, 2002. The album was met with mixed to positive reviews. Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the album. Commercial performance was relatively mixed as well, peaking at No.32 on the Billboard 200. Around the time of Red Letter Days' release the Wallflowers embarked on a", "began recording, Eltringham left the band to pursue other projects. The band quickly got former Red Hot Chili Peppers and Pearl Jam drummer Jack Irons to join the band. Irons was previously involved in a side project with Wallflowers bassist Richling.\nOn January 20, 2012, the Wallflowers began recording their sixth studio album, Glad All Over, at the Black Keys' Dan Auerbach's Easy Eye studio in Nashville. Jay Joyce, who had played guitar on the Wallflowers' Bringing Down the Horse agreed to produce the album. Before going to the studio, the band had decided have a more collaborative writing process than they had in the", "\"If I could have had it my way I would not have seen a microphone or a cable anywhere.\" When it came to recording, the songs were drawn out past the 3 to 4 minute norm; many songs were close to 5 minutes in length with two exceeding 7 minutes. The Wallflowers finished recording and released their self-titled debut album on August 25, 1992. After the release they began touring nationwide as an opening act for bands such as Spin Doctors and 10,000 Maniacs.The Wallflowers continued to tour through the first half of 1993 but despite this sales of the album were slow. In total, 40,000 copies were sold.", "to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). About writing the album, Dylan says, \"I was just also writing during a time when the world felt like it was falling apart. That changes the way you address even the simplest things, because you have panic in your mind all the time. You have anxiety. And you also have hope. And it’s all in there\".\n\nBand members\nTimeline\nDiscography\nStudio albums\n\nThe Wallflowers (1992)\nBringing Down the Horse (1996)\n(Breach) (2000)\nRed Letter Days (2002)\nRebel, Sweetheart (2005)\nGlad All Over (2012)\nExit Wounds (2021)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nTrouser Press entry", "a bit and we needed a break. And that year break becomes two years, then becomes three years, and before you know it five or six years go by pretty quickly. I can't do what I do in the Wallflowers without them. I miss it.\" In an interview with the St. Joseph News-Press, Dylan stated that the Wallflowers would be getting into the studio in January and the lineup would include Greg Richling on bass, Rami Jaffee on keys, Stuart Mathis on guitar and Fred Eltringham on drums. However, weeks before the Wallflowers began recording, Eltringham left the band to pursue other", "throughout the summer. Touring for the Wallflowers was limited as Dylan had released his first solo album, Seeing Things, on June 10, 2008. Eltringham joined Dylan on tour in promotion for the album.\nOn March 31, 2009, the Wallflowers released a greatest-hits album called Collected: 1996–2005. The album featured every single released from the four albums the Wallflowers released between 1996 and 2005. It also featured several non-single songs from those four albums, a demo version of \"God Says Nothing Back\" and an unreleased song called \"Eat You Sleeping\". That summer, the Wallflowers embarked on a U.S. tour in support of the album. In addition" ]

[ "What is the album Red Letter Days by the Wallflowers?", "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.", "Anything interesting about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200.", "Is there any interesting information about the mixed reviews for The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days.", "Any information readers should know about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.", "What else about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days is notable?", "By the time the Wallflowers had gotten into Browne's studio to record Red Letter Days, Michael Ward left the band, leaving them without a lead guitarist for the recording process.", "Were there any notable live performamces The Wallflowers played in 2002?", "The Wallflowers played the song Everybody Out of the Water, on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn.", "Did The Wallflowers tour with any other groups?", "In 2001, The Wallflowers toured with John Mellencamp." ]

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[ "anxiety, purpose and insecurities.The Wallflowers have sold over five million albums and have won two Grammy Awards: Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal and Best Rock Song for \"One Headlight\" in 1998. \"One Headlight\" is also listed at #58 in Rolling Stone's list of the 100 Greatest Pop Songs. The Wallflowers have been nominated six times for \"Best Rock Song\" and \"Best Rock Performance.\" Billboard named \"One Headlight\" as the #1 Greatest of All Time Adult Alternative Song. The band has thirteen songs that have reached the 'Top 10' on Billboard's Adult Alternative Airplay list. Members of The Wallflowers have" ]

[ "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental" ]

[ "What is the album Red Letter Days by the Wallflowers?", "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.", "Anything interesting about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200.", "Is there any interesting information about the mixed reviews for The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days.", "Any information readers should know about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.", "What else about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days is notable?", "By the time the Wallflowers had gotten into Browne's studio to record Red Letter Days, Michael Ward left the band, leaving them without a lead guitarist for the recording process.", "Were there any notable live performamces The Wallflowers played in 2002?", "The Wallflowers played the song Everybody Out of the Water, on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn.", "Did The Wallflowers tour with any other groups?", "In 2001, The Wallflowers toured with John Mellencamp.", "Most interesting aspect of the article about The Wallflowers?", "The Wallflowers have won two Grammy awards: Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal and Best Rock Song for One Headlight in 1998." ]

[ "Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental Advisory sticker. It was produced by the band's first guitarist Tobi Miller.\nUp to May 2005, Red Letter Days had sold 208,000 copies, according to Nielsen Soundscan.\nAfter years of fetching hundreds of dollars for an original pressing on the open market, Red Letter Days was reissued on LP for its 15th anniversary on November 3, 2017.\n\nReception\nThe album received a score of 63 out of 100 from Metacritic, indicating \"generally positive reviews.\" RollingStone called it \"a straightforward barnburner of an album\" while Mojo commented that \"The Wallflowers make some of the best radio-friendly hooks and melodies", "a second time. The Wallflowers continued to tour throughout the U.S. through mid-December before heading to Japan in February 2001 for their first tour there.\nThe Wallflowers covered the Bee Gees' 1968 hit song \"I Started a Joke\" for the 2001 film, Zoolander.The band continued to tour the U.S. for the remainder of 2001 until it was announced in early October that guitarist Michael Ward had left the Wallflowers due to creative differences.\n\n2002–2003: Red Letter Days\nIn 2001, Jakob Dylan began writing for the Wallflowers' fourth album, Red Letter Days. Later that year while on tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable", "Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed additional percussion and background vocals to the album. Red Letter Days was produced by founding Wallflowers member Tobi Miller along with Bill Appleberry. Recording continued through the new year and was completed on April 12, 2002. The album was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.While the Wallflowers were working on Red Letter Days, they recorded a cover of the Beatles' 1965 song \"I'm Looking Through You\" for the soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on", "2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on January 8, 2002.The first single from the Red Letter Days, \"When You're On Top,\" was released to radio on August 16, 2002. A music video directed by Marc Webb followed. After a few false starts, Red Letter Days was released on November 5, 2002. The album was met with mixed to positive reviews. Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the album. Commercial performance was relatively mixed as well, peaking at No.32 on the Billboard 200. Around the time of Red Letter Days' release the Wallflowers embarked on a", "began recording, Eltringham left the band to pursue other projects. The band quickly got former Red Hot Chili Peppers and Pearl Jam drummer Jack Irons to join the band. Irons was previously involved in a side project with Wallflowers bassist Richling.\nOn January 20, 2012, the Wallflowers began recording their sixth studio album, Glad All Over, at the Black Keys' Dan Auerbach's Easy Eye studio in Nashville. Jay Joyce, who had played guitar on the Wallflowers' Bringing Down the Horse agreed to produce the album. Before going to the studio, the band had decided have a more collaborative writing process than they had in the", "\"If I could have had it my way I would not have seen a microphone or a cable anywhere.\" When it came to recording, the songs were drawn out past the 3 to 4 minute norm; many songs were close to 5 minutes in length with two exceeding 7 minutes. The Wallflowers finished recording and released their self-titled debut album on August 25, 1992. After the release they began touring nationwide as an opening act for bands such as Spin Doctors and 10,000 Maniacs.The Wallflowers continued to tour through the first half of 1993 but despite this sales of the album were slow. In total, 40,000 copies were sold.", "The Wallflowers is an American rock solo project of American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Jakob Dylan. The Wallflowers were originally a roots rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1989 by Dylan and guitarist Tobi Miller. The band has gone through a number of personnel changes but has remained centered on Dylan.Following their eponymous debut album in 1992, the Wallflowers released what would become their best-known and highest-selling album, Bringing Down the Horse (1996), which included the U.S. radio hit \"One Headlight,\" as well as \"6th Avenue Heartache,\" \"The Difference,\" and \"Three Marlenas.\" Their next album, (Breach) (2000), contained \"Sleepwalker,\"", "to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). About writing the album, Dylan says, \"I was just also writing during a time when the world felt like it was falling apart. That changes the way you address even the simplest things, because you have panic in your mind all the time. You have anxiety. And you also have hope. And it’s all in there\".\n\nBand members\nTimeline\nDiscography\nStudio albums\n\nThe Wallflowers (1992)\nBringing Down the Horse (1996)\n(Breach) (2000)\nRed Letter Days (2002)\nRebel, Sweetheart (2005)\nGlad All Over (2012)\nExit Wounds (2021)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nTrouser Press entry", "a bit and we needed a break. And that year break becomes two years, then becomes three years, and before you know it five or six years go by pretty quickly. I can't do what I do in the Wallflowers without them. I miss it.\" In an interview with the St. Joseph News-Press, Dylan stated that the Wallflowers would be getting into the studio in January and the lineup would include Greg Richling on bass, Rami Jaffee on keys, Stuart Mathis on guitar and Fred Eltringham on drums. However, weeks before the Wallflowers began recording, Eltringham left the band to pursue other" ]

[ "Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental Advisory sticker. It was produced by the band's first guitarist Tobi Miller.\nUp to May 2005, Red Letter Days had sold 208,000 copies, according to Nielsen Soundscan.\nAfter years of fetching hundreds of dollars for an original pressing on the open market, Red Letter Days was reissued on LP for its 15th anniversary on November 3, 2017.\n\nReception\nThe album received a score of 63 out of 100 from Metacritic, indicating \"generally positive reviews.\" RollingStone called it \"a straightforward barnburner of an album\" while Mojo commented that \"The Wallflowers make some of the best radio-friendly hooks and melodies" ]

[ "he could use Legion's reality-altering powers to remake the world according to his will. Legion, using the power of his Chain personality, managed to trick and reabsorb Styx.\nThrough Personality #762, he becomes a pirate with the ability to belch an acidic gas.\nThrough Personality #898, he becomes a centaur.\nThrough the personality of Delphic (the name given to Personality #1012), he becomes a blue-skinned, seemingly-omniscient female seer who will answer any three questions from supplicants.Legion personalities that have not been assigned numbers include:\n\nAbsence is an alien/demon creature with its eyes sewn shut who claims to have traveled through different realities and who can", "the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of reality, Legion is theoretically capable of manifesting any power he can imagine. In two instances David has manifested the full extent of his ability to alter time and reality: in the first, he wiped the Elder Gods from existence and reset the universe to a state before the Elder Gods first appeared on Earth, and in the other he observed the entirety of spacetime and mended damage his personalities had done to it.Legion can absorb other people's psyches into his mind, either intentionally or, if he is next to them when they die, unintentionally. Conversely, in several instances Legion", "that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body (e.g., manifesting a prehensile tongue, becoming a woman, transforming into a werewolf, etc.). The first alter to manifest, Jemail Karami, was telepathic. Other prominent alters include Jack Wayne (telekinetic) and Cyndi (pyrokinetic). Legion has over a thousand different personalities (the exact number is unknown), and his mind can create additional alters in response to external or internal events.The cumulative abilities of all his personalities make him one of the most powerful mutants in existence, if not the most powerful. Since the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of", "when they die, unintentionally. Conversely, in several instances Legion has had personalities manifest and act separately from him (or even against him) in the physical world; in most instances Legion has ultimately reabsorbed these personalities back into himself. Presumably, both his absorption of other psyches and the physical manifestations of his own personalities are enabled by Legion's underlying ability to alter reality/time at will.\nGenerally, David's ability to access and control his personalities/powers is closely tied to his self confidence and self esteem: the better he feels about himself, the more control he exercises. Unfortunately, David often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he", "Onslaught, the evil psionic entity born from Xavier's darkest self, somehow restored by Project Orchis.\n\nPowers and abilities\nLegion is an Omega-level mutant who has dissociative identity disorder. Fundamentally, he has the ability to alter reality and time on a cosmic scale at will, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary depending on the dominant personality: each alter has different powers enabled by David's subconscious manipulation of reality. The core personality, David Haller himself, generally does not manifest mutant abilities, but must access various personalities to use their power, sometimes losing control of himself to that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body", "often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he must struggle to remain in control. Following the Age of X, David briefly used a Neural Switchboard Wristband engineered by Doctor Nemesis, Madison Jeffries, and Reed Richards. This device allowed Legion to utilize a personality's power set for several seconds without being overwhelmed by that personality. However, he soon abandoned this and attempted instead to develop a more organic control over his personalities.\n\nPersonalities\nThe following characters are different personalities of Legion that have appeared thus far, each one manifesting different powers:\n\nThrough the personality of terrorist Jemail Karami (the name given to Personality #2), he has manifested telepathy.\nThrough" ]

[]

[ "Legion (David Charles Haller) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, typically as a villain or supporting character in stories featuring the X-Men and related characters. Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist Bill Sienkiewicz, the character first appeared in New Mutants #25 (March 1985).\nHe is the mutant son of Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller. Legion takes the role of an antihero who has a severe mental illness, including a form of dissociative identity disorder in which each of his identities exhibits different mutant abilities or powers.\nThe character was portrayed by Dan Stevens in the FX television series Legion (2017–19), which", "the personality of The Legion (the name given to Personality #5, which claims to be Legion's \"real me\"), he can warp time and reality. Magik nicknamed this personality the \"God-Mutant.\"\nThrough the personality of Sally (the name given to Personality #67), he has the appearance of an obese woman with Hulk-like super-strength.\nThrough the personality of a punk rocker named Lucas (the name given to Personality #115), he can channel sound into energy blasts.\nThrough Personality #181, he can enlarge himself to an undetermined size. This was the first power Legion utilized with the Neural Switchboard Wristband.\nThrough the personality of Johnny Gomorrah (the name", "the power to levitate himself.\n\nMentality\nLegion has been described as having dissociative identity disorder. In his first appearance he was also described as autistic, however this diagnosis has not been used since.\n\nOrigin of name\nLegion's name is derived from a passage in the Christian Bible (found in Mark 5 and Luke 8). In it, Jesus asks a man possessed by many evil spirits what his name is, to which the man replies \"I am Legion, for we are many.\"\n\nReception\nIn 2014, Entertainment Weekly ranked Legion 21st in their \"Let's rank every X-Man ever\" list.\nIn 2018, CBR.com ranked Legion 14th in their \"8 X-Men Kids Cooler", "Xavier\" is a dangerous personality David created following the mental shock of the death of his father Professor X. The Fiend manifests as either a yellow goblin-like creature or in the guise of Professor X. The Fiend has significant psychic abilities, including precognition and possession, and can kill other Legion personalities in Legion's mind, absorbing their power. Eventually, the Fiend became independent from David and tried to help him retain more control of himself.\nFindel the Finder can find anyone across the galaxy.\nGestalt is a powerful fusion of several Legion personalities with the core personality of David himself, allowing the abilities of these personalities to manifest simultaneously under" ]

[ "Legion (David Charles Haller) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, typically as a villain or supporting character in stories featuring the X-Men and related characters. Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist Bill Sienkiewicz, the character first appeared in New Mutants #25 (March 1985).\nHe is the mutant son of Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller. Legion takes the role of an antihero who has a severe mental illness, including a form of dissociative identity disorder in which each of his identities exhibits different mutant abilities or powers.\nThe character was portrayed by Dan Stevens in the FX television series Legion (2017–19), which" ]

[ "Legion (David Charles Haller) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, typically as a villain or supporting character in stories featuring the X-Men and related characters. Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist Bill Sienkiewicz, the character first appeared in New Mutants #25 (March 1985).\nHe is the mutant son of Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller. Legion takes the role of an antihero who has a severe mental illness, including a form of dissociative identity disorder in which each of his identities exhibits different mutant abilities or powers.\nThe character was portrayed by Dan Stevens in the FX television series Legion (2017–19), which", "Onslaught, the evil psionic entity born from Xavier's darkest self, somehow restored by Project Orchis.\n\nPowers and abilities\nLegion is an Omega-level mutant who has dissociative identity disorder. Fundamentally, he has the ability to alter reality and time on a cosmic scale at will, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary depending on the dominant personality: each alter has different powers enabled by David's subconscious manipulation of reality. The core personality, David Haller himself, generally does not manifest mutant abilities, but must access various personalities to use their power, sometimes losing control of himself to that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body", "in his youth, but she did not tell him of her pregnancy until years later, once their son's mutation became apparent.\nA character partially based on Legion named Takeo Sasaki appears in Marvel Anime: X-Men, voiced by Atsushi Abe in the Japanese version and by Steve Staley in the English dub. Similarly to Legion, Takeo is the son of Professor X. Additionally, while Legion himself does not appear, he is stated to be responsible for creating \"Demon-Hall Syndrome\", a mutant affliction that manifests secondary mutations, such as multiple personalities, uncontrolled physical mutations, and psychological instability.\nDavid Haller / Legion appears in a self-titled TV series,", "conclusion that Legion should not be used in the series. David explained \"I don't mind building a story around [Legion], but working him into a group – you're really asking for a bit much from the reader. Believing that a group of people will come together to form a team is enough of a suspension of disbelief... 'Oh, by the way, one of them is so nuts he shouldn't be setting foot off Muir Island'... that's asking the reader to bend so far he will break.\"\n\nFictional character biography\nWhile working in an Israeli psychiatric facility, Charles Xavier met a patient named Gabrielle Haller. The two had an affair", "him instead, creating a new timeline in the process.Additionally, an alternate reality version of David appears in the episode \"Chapter 18\", also portrayed by Dan Stevens.\n\nCollected editions\nSolo Series\nX-Men Legacy volumes 1–4 were rereleased as Legion: Son of X volumes 1–4 in 2018.\n\nStorylines\nSee also\nCrazy Jane – A DC Comics character who is often linked and compared to Legion\nStephanie Maas – A Joe's Comics character with superpowers and dissociative identity disorder\n\nReferences\nExternal links\nLegion (David Haller) at the Marvel Universe wiki\nLegion at Marvel Wiki\nLegion Personality Index at Marvel Wiki\nLegion at Comic Vine\nUncannyXmen.Net Spotlight on Legion", "as well as the Age of X and to create a new safe place for David to live happily forever. Instead, David absorbed her and reverted the Fortress X to the normal reality, with a few modifications.\n\nUltimate Marvel\nThe Ultimate Marvel incarnation of Proteus is a combination of Legion and Proteus from the mainstream comics. His mother is Moira MacTaggert and his father is Charles Xavier. He possesses Proteus' reality warping power and is named David Xavier. He escapes his mother's facility, looking for his father, and murders hundreds to discredit him. David is later crushed by Colossus, while possessing S.T.R.I.K.E. agent Betsy Braddock", "Haller / Legion appears in a self-titled TV series, portrayed by Dan Stevens as an adult Tobias Austen and Noah Hegglin Houben as an infant, Sebastian Billingsley-Rodriguez as a toddler, Christian Convery, Luke Rosseler, and Jacob Hoppenbrouwer as different stages of his childhood, and by Alex Mulgrew as a teenager. This version was diagnosed with schizophrenia instead of dissociative identity disorder and possesses psionic abilities such as telepathy and telekinesis. Throughout the first season, he goes on to enter a relationship with a body-swapping mutant named Sydney \"Syd\" Barrett and discovers the Shadow King has lived in his mind since childhood before", "that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body (e.g., manifesting a prehensile tongue, becoming a woman, transforming into a werewolf, etc.). The first alter to manifest, Jemail Karami, was telepathic. Other prominent alters include Jack Wayne (telekinetic) and Cyndi (pyrokinetic). Legion has over a thousand different personalities (the exact number is unknown), and his mind can create additional alters in response to external or internal events.The cumulative abilities of all his personalities make him one of the most powerful mutants in existence, if not the most powerful. Since the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of", "Xavier\" is a dangerous personality David created following the mental shock of the death of his father Professor X. The Fiend manifests as either a yellow goblin-like creature or in the guise of Professor X. The Fiend has significant psychic abilities, including precognition and possession, and can kill other Legion personalities in Legion's mind, absorbing their power. Eventually, the Fiend became independent from David and tried to help him retain more control of himself.\nFindel the Finder can find anyone across the galaxy.\nGestalt is a powerful fusion of several Legion personalities with the core personality of David himself, allowing the abilities of these personalities to manifest simultaneously under", "often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he must struggle to remain in control. Following the Age of X, David briefly used a Neural Switchboard Wristband engineered by Doctor Nemesis, Madison Jeffries, and Reed Richards. This device allowed Legion to utilize a personality's power set for several seconds without being overwhelmed by that personality. However, he soon abandoned this and attempted instead to develop a more organic control over his personalities.\n\nPersonalities\nThe following characters are different personalities of Legion that have appeared thus far, each one manifesting different powers:\n\nThrough the personality of terrorist Jemail Karami (the name given to Personality #2), he has manifested telepathy.\nThrough" ]

[ "Does Legion have a secret identity?", "Legion is the mutant son of Professor Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller." ]

[]

[ "the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of reality, Legion is theoretically capable of manifesting any power he can imagine. In two instances David has manifested the full extent of his ability to alter time and reality: in the first, he wiped the Elder Gods from existence and reset the universe to a state before the Elder Gods first appeared on Earth, and in the other he observed the entirety of spacetime and mended damage his personalities had done to it.Legion can absorb other people's psyches into his mind, either intentionally or, if he is next to them when they die, unintentionally. Conversely, in several instances Legion" ]

[ "Legion (David Charles Haller) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, typically as a villain or supporting character in stories featuring the X-Men and related characters. Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist Bill Sienkiewicz, the character first appeared in New Mutants #25 (March 1985).\nHe is the mutant son of Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller. Legion takes the role of an antihero who has a severe mental illness, including a form of dissociative identity disorder in which each of his identities exhibits different mutant abilities or powers.\nThe character was portrayed by Dan Stevens in the FX television series Legion (2017–19), which", "Onslaught, the evil psionic entity born from Xavier's darkest self, somehow restored by Project Orchis.\n\nPowers and abilities\nLegion is an Omega-level mutant who has dissociative identity disorder. Fundamentally, he has the ability to alter reality and time on a cosmic scale at will, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary depending on the dominant personality: each alter has different powers enabled by David's subconscious manipulation of reality. The core personality, David Haller himself, generally does not manifest mutant abilities, but must access various personalities to use their power, sometimes losing control of himself to that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body", "in his youth, but she did not tell him of her pregnancy until years later, once their son's mutation became apparent.\nA character partially based on Legion named Takeo Sasaki appears in Marvel Anime: X-Men, voiced by Atsushi Abe in the Japanese version and by Steve Staley in the English dub. Similarly to Legion, Takeo is the son of Professor X. Additionally, while Legion himself does not appear, he is stated to be responsible for creating \"Demon-Hall Syndrome\", a mutant affliction that manifests secondary mutations, such as multiple personalities, uncontrolled physical mutations, and psychological instability.\nDavid Haller / Legion appears in a self-titled TV series," ]

[ "Does Legion have a secret identity?", "Legion is the mutant son of Professor Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller.", "What superpowers does Legion have?", "Legion has the ability to alter reality and time, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary." ]

[ "that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body (e.g., manifesting a prehensile tongue, becoming a woman, transforming into a werewolf, etc.). The first alter to manifest, Jemail Karami, was telepathic. Other prominent alters include Jack Wayne (telekinetic) and Cyndi (pyrokinetic). Legion has over a thousand different personalities (the exact number is unknown), and his mind can create additional alters in response to external or internal events.The cumulative abilities of all his personalities make him one of the most powerful mutants in existence, if not the most powerful. Since the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of", "conclusion that Legion should not be used in the series. David explained \"I don't mind building a story around [Legion], but working him into a group – you're really asking for a bit much from the reader. Believing that a group of people will come together to form a team is enough of a suspension of disbelief... 'Oh, by the way, one of them is so nuts he shouldn't be setting foot off Muir Island'... that's asking the reader to bend so far he will break.\"\n\nFictional character biography\nWhile working in an Israeli psychiatric facility, Charles Xavier met a patient named Gabrielle Haller. The two had an affair", "him instead, creating a new timeline in the process.Additionally, an alternate reality version of David appears in the episode \"Chapter 18\", also portrayed by Dan Stevens.\n\nCollected editions\nSolo Series\nX-Men Legacy volumes 1–4 were rereleased as Legion: Son of X volumes 1–4 in 2018.\n\nStorylines\nSee also\nCrazy Jane – A DC Comics character who is often linked and compared to Legion\nStephanie Maas – A Joe's Comics character with superpowers and dissociative identity disorder\n\nReferences\nExternal links\nLegion (David Haller) at the Marvel Universe wiki\nLegion at Marvel Wiki\nLegion Personality Index at Marvel Wiki\nLegion at Comic Vine\nUncannyXmen.Net Spotlight on Legion", "often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he must struggle to remain in control. Following the Age of X, David briefly used a Neural Switchboard Wristband engineered by Doctor Nemesis, Madison Jeffries, and Reed Richards. This device allowed Legion to utilize a personality's power set for several seconds without being overwhelmed by that personality. However, he soon abandoned this and attempted instead to develop a more organic control over his personalities.\n\nPersonalities\nThe following characters are different personalities of Legion that have appeared thus far, each one manifesting different powers:\n\nThrough the personality of terrorist Jemail Karami (the name given to Personality #2), he has manifested telepathy.\nThrough", "the power to levitate himself.\n\nMentality\nLegion has been described as having dissociative identity disorder. In his first appearance he was also described as autistic, however this diagnosis has not been used since.\n\nOrigin of name\nLegion's name is derived from a passage in the Christian Bible (found in Mark 5 and Luke 8). In it, Jesus asks a man possessed by many evil spirits what his name is, to which the man replies \"I am Legion, for we are many.\"\n\nReception\nIn 2014, Entertainment Weekly ranked Legion 21st in their \"Let's rank every X-Man ever\" list.\nIn 2018, CBR.com ranked Legion 14th in their \"8 X-Men Kids Cooler", "Haller / Legion appears in a self-titled TV series, portrayed by Dan Stevens as an adult Tobias Austen and Noah Hegglin Houben as an infant, Sebastian Billingsley-Rodriguez as a toddler, Christian Convery, Luke Rosseler, and Jacob Hoppenbrouwer as different stages of his childhood, and by Alex Mulgrew as a teenager. This version was diagnosed with schizophrenia instead of dissociative identity disorder and possesses psionic abilities such as telepathy and telekinesis. Throughout the first season, he goes on to enter a relationship with a body-swapping mutant named Sydney \"Syd\" Barrett and discovers the Shadow King has lived in his mind since childhood before", "ranked Legion 14th in their \"8 X-Men Kids Cooler Than Their Parents (And 7 Who Are Way Worse)\" list.\nIn 2018, CBR.com ranked Legion 1st in their \"20 Most Powerful Mutants From The '80s\" list.\n\nOther versions\nAge of X\nIn the Age of X reality, Legion leads the Force Warriors, a select group of telekinetics who rebuild the \"Force Walls\" (telekinetic shields that protect Fortress X) on a daily basis to protect mutants from human attacks. Unlike his 616 counterpart, there is no trace of the other personalities shown. It is ultimately revealed that the Age of X reality was unconsciously created by Legion himself. A flashback reveals" ]

[ "that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body (e.g., manifesting a prehensile tongue, becoming a woman, transforming into a werewolf, etc.). The first alter to manifest, Jemail Karami, was telepathic. Other prominent alters include Jack Wayne (telekinetic) and Cyndi (pyrokinetic). Legion has over a thousand different personalities (the exact number is unknown), and his mind can create additional alters in response to external or internal events.The cumulative abilities of all his personalities make him one of the most powerful mutants in existence, if not the most powerful. Since the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of" ]

[ "Onslaught, the evil psionic entity born from Xavier's darkest self, somehow restored by Project Orchis.\n\nPowers and abilities\nLegion is an Omega-level mutant who has dissociative identity disorder. Fundamentally, he has the ability to alter reality and time on a cosmic scale at will, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary depending on the dominant personality: each alter has different powers enabled by David's subconscious manipulation of reality. The core personality, David Haller himself, generally does not manifest mutant abilities, but must access various personalities to use their power, sometimes losing control of himself to that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body", "Legion (David Charles Haller) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, typically as a villain or supporting character in stories featuring the X-Men and related characters. Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist Bill Sienkiewicz, the character first appeared in New Mutants #25 (March 1985).\nHe is the mutant son of Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller. Legion takes the role of an antihero who has a severe mental illness, including a form of dissociative identity disorder in which each of his identities exhibits different mutant abilities or powers.\nThe character was portrayed by Dan Stevens in the FX television series Legion (2017–19), which", "that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body (e.g., manifesting a prehensile tongue, becoming a woman, transforming into a werewolf, etc.). The first alter to manifest, Jemail Karami, was telepathic. Other prominent alters include Jack Wayne (telekinetic) and Cyndi (pyrokinetic). Legion has over a thousand different personalities (the exact number is unknown), and his mind can create additional alters in response to external or internal events.The cumulative abilities of all his personalities make him one of the most powerful mutants in existence, if not the most powerful. Since the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of", "in his youth, but she did not tell him of her pregnancy until years later, once their son's mutation became apparent.\nA character partially based on Legion named Takeo Sasaki appears in Marvel Anime: X-Men, voiced by Atsushi Abe in the Japanese version and by Steve Staley in the English dub. Similarly to Legion, Takeo is the son of Professor X. Additionally, while Legion himself does not appear, he is stated to be responsible for creating \"Demon-Hall Syndrome\", a mutant affliction that manifests secondary mutations, such as multiple personalities, uncontrolled physical mutations, and psychological instability.\nDavid Haller / Legion appears in a self-titled TV series,", "often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he must struggle to remain in control. Following the Age of X, David briefly used a Neural Switchboard Wristband engineered by Doctor Nemesis, Madison Jeffries, and Reed Richards. This device allowed Legion to utilize a personality's power set for several seconds without being overwhelmed by that personality. However, he soon abandoned this and attempted instead to develop a more organic control over his personalities.\n\nPersonalities\nThe following characters are different personalities of Legion that have appeared thus far, each one manifesting different powers:\n\nThrough the personality of terrorist Jemail Karami (the name given to Personality #2), he has manifested telepathy.\nThrough", "when they die, unintentionally. Conversely, in several instances Legion has had personalities manifest and act separately from him (or even against him) in the physical world; in most instances Legion has ultimately reabsorbed these personalities back into himself. Presumably, both his absorption of other psyches and the physical manifestations of his own personalities are enabled by Legion's underlying ability to alter reality/time at will.\nGenerally, David's ability to access and control his personalities/powers is closely tied to his self confidence and self esteem: the better he feels about himself, the more control he exercises. Unfortunately, David often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he", "the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of reality, Legion is theoretically capable of manifesting any power he can imagine. In two instances David has manifested the full extent of his ability to alter time and reality: in the first, he wiped the Elder Gods from existence and reset the universe to a state before the Elder Gods first appeared on Earth, and in the other he observed the entirety of spacetime and mended damage his personalities had done to it.Legion can absorb other people's psyches into his mind, either intentionally or, if he is next to them when they die, unintentionally. Conversely, in several instances Legion", "the power to levitate himself.\n\nMentality\nLegion has been described as having dissociative identity disorder. In his first appearance he was also described as autistic, however this diagnosis has not been used since.\n\nOrigin of name\nLegion's name is derived from a passage in the Christian Bible (found in Mark 5 and Luke 8). In it, Jesus asks a man possessed by many evil spirits what his name is, to which the man replies \"I am Legion, for we are many.\"\n\nReception\nIn 2014, Entertainment Weekly ranked Legion 21st in their \"Let's rank every X-Man ever\" list.\nIn 2018, CBR.com ranked Legion 14th in their \"8 X-Men Kids Cooler", "ranked Legion 14th in their \"8 X-Men Kids Cooler Than Their Parents (And 7 Who Are Way Worse)\" list.\nIn 2018, CBR.com ranked Legion 1st in their \"20 Most Powerful Mutants From The '80s\" list.\n\nOther versions\nAge of X\nIn the Age of X reality, Legion leads the Force Warriors, a select group of telekinetics who rebuild the \"Force Walls\" (telekinetic shields that protect Fortress X) on a daily basis to protect mutants from human attacks. Unlike his 616 counterpart, there is no trace of the other personalities shown. It is ultimately revealed that the Age of X reality was unconsciously created by Legion himself. A flashback reveals", "conclusion that Legion should not be used in the series. David explained \"I don't mind building a story around [Legion], but working him into a group – you're really asking for a bit much from the reader. Believing that a group of people will come together to form a team is enough of a suspension of disbelief... 'Oh, by the way, one of them is so nuts he shouldn't be setting foot off Muir Island'... that's asking the reader to bend so far he will break.\"\n\nFictional character biography\nWhile working in an Israeli psychiatric facility, Charles Xavier met a patient named Gabrielle Haller. The two had an affair" ]

[ "Does Legion have a secret identity?", "Legion is the mutant son of Professor Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller.", "What superpowers does Legion have?", "Legion has the ability to alter reality and time, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary.", "What kind of psionic powers does Legion have?", "Legion has psionic powers such as telepathic, telekinetic, pyrokinetic, among other powers." ]

[]

[ "state. Some of the alters resisted Karami, most notably Jack Wayne, a swaggering adventurer who was telekinetic, and Cyndi, a temperamental, rebellious girl who was pyrokinetic. Ultimately Karami, Wayne, and Cyndi continued to exist as David's most prominent alters.During his time at Muir Island, David saved Moira and Wolfsbane from a fatal accident by accessing the telekinetic abilities of his Jack Wayne alter. However, this allowed Jack Wayne to take control of David's body, and he left the island. The New Mutants tracked him down and, after a struggle, convinced Wayne to allow David to again assume control. Soon after, David" ]

[ "Onslaught, the evil psionic entity born from Xavier's darkest self, somehow restored by Project Orchis.\n\nPowers and abilities\nLegion is an Omega-level mutant who has dissociative identity disorder. Fundamentally, he has the ability to alter reality and time on a cosmic scale at will, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary depending on the dominant personality: each alter has different powers enabled by David's subconscious manipulation of reality. The core personality, David Haller himself, generally does not manifest mutant abilities, but must access various personalities to use their power, sometimes losing control of himself to that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body", "that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body (e.g., manifesting a prehensile tongue, becoming a woman, transforming into a werewolf, etc.). The first alter to manifest, Jemail Karami, was telepathic. Other prominent alters include Jack Wayne (telekinetic) and Cyndi (pyrokinetic). Legion has over a thousand different personalities (the exact number is unknown), and his mind can create additional alters in response to external or internal events.The cumulative abilities of all his personalities make him one of the most powerful mutants in existence, if not the most powerful. Since the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of", "Legion (David Charles Haller) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, typically as a villain or supporting character in stories featuring the X-Men and related characters. Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist Bill Sienkiewicz, the character first appeared in New Mutants #25 (March 1985).\nHe is the mutant son of Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller. Legion takes the role of an antihero who has a severe mental illness, including a form of dissociative identity disorder in which each of his identities exhibits different mutant abilities or powers.\nThe character was portrayed by Dan Stevens in the FX television series Legion (2017–19), which", "when they die, unintentionally. Conversely, in several instances Legion has had personalities manifest and act separately from him (or even against him) in the physical world; in most instances Legion has ultimately reabsorbed these personalities back into himself. Presumably, both his absorption of other psyches and the physical manifestations of his own personalities are enabled by Legion's underlying ability to alter reality/time at will.\nGenerally, David's ability to access and control his personalities/powers is closely tied to his self confidence and self esteem: the better he feels about himself, the more control he exercises. Unfortunately, David often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he", "often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he must struggle to remain in control. Following the Age of X, David briefly used a Neural Switchboard Wristband engineered by Doctor Nemesis, Madison Jeffries, and Reed Richards. This device allowed Legion to utilize a personality's power set for several seconds without being overwhelmed by that personality. However, he soon abandoned this and attempted instead to develop a more organic control over his personalities.\n\nPersonalities\nThe following characters are different personalities of Legion that have appeared thus far, each one manifesting different powers:\n\nThrough the personality of terrorist Jemail Karami (the name given to Personality #2), he has manifested telepathy.\nThrough", "the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of reality, Legion is theoretically capable of manifesting any power he can imagine. In two instances David has manifested the full extent of his ability to alter time and reality: in the first, he wiped the Elder Gods from existence and reset the universe to a state before the Elder Gods first appeared on Earth, and in the other he observed the entirety of spacetime and mended damage his personalities had done to it.Legion can absorb other people's psyches into his mind, either intentionally or, if he is next to them when they die, unintentionally. Conversely, in several instances Legion", "in his youth, but she did not tell him of her pregnancy until years later, once their son's mutation became apparent.\nA character partially based on Legion named Takeo Sasaki appears in Marvel Anime: X-Men, voiced by Atsushi Abe in the Japanese version and by Steve Staley in the English dub. Similarly to Legion, Takeo is the son of Professor X. Additionally, while Legion himself does not appear, he is stated to be responsible for creating \"Demon-Hall Syndrome\", a mutant affliction that manifests secondary mutations, such as multiple personalities, uncontrolled physical mutations, and psychological instability.\nDavid Haller / Legion appears in a self-titled TV series,", "Xavier\" is a dangerous personality David created following the mental shock of the death of his father Professor X. The Fiend manifests as either a yellow goblin-like creature or in the guise of Professor X. The Fiend has significant psychic abilities, including precognition and possession, and can kill other Legion personalities in Legion's mind, absorbing their power. Eventually, the Fiend became independent from David and tried to help him retain more control of himself.\nFindel the Finder can find anyone across the galaxy.\nGestalt is a powerful fusion of several Legion personalities with the core personality of David himself, allowing the abilities of these personalities to manifest simultaneously under", "ranked Legion 14th in their \"8 X-Men Kids Cooler Than Their Parents (And 7 Who Are Way Worse)\" list.\nIn 2018, CBR.com ranked Legion 1st in their \"20 Most Powerful Mutants From The '80s\" list.\n\nOther versions\nAge of X\nIn the Age of X reality, Legion leads the Force Warriors, a select group of telekinetics who rebuild the \"Force Walls\" (telekinetic shields that protect Fortress X) on a daily basis to protect mutants from human attacks. Unlike his 616 counterpart, there is no trace of the other personalities shown. It is ultimately revealed that the Age of X reality was unconsciously created by Legion himself. A flashback reveals", "to his nervous system. Rogue stated that, while she was inside Legion, she was connected to thousands of types of powers and there were more being born all the time.\n\nThe Fiend\nTo aid his recovery, Professor X left Legion with Merzah the Mystic, a powerful empath and telepath who ran a Himalayan monastery. While at the monastery, David gained much greater control of himself, and he stopped using the Neural Switchboard Wristband. Under Merzah's tutelage, David learned to visualize a facility in his mind where his alters could be kept and controlled. However, while David was at the monastery, elsewhere in the world Professor X was killed." ]

[ "Does Legion have a secret identity?", "Legion is the mutant son of Professor Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller.", "What superpowers does Legion have?", "Legion has the ability to alter reality and time, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary.", "What kind of psionic powers does Legion have?", "Legion has psionic powers such as telepathic, telekinetic, pyrokinetic, among other powers.", "Why does Jack Wayne control Legion's power?", "David saved Moira and Wolfsbane from a fatal accident by accessing the telekinetic abilities of his Jack Wayne personality. However, this allowed Jack Wayne to take control of David's body." ]

[]

[ "met a patient named Gabrielle Haller. The two had an affair which ended amicably. Gabrielle became pregnant with David, but did not tell Charles.David, at a young age, was living with his mother and stepfather in Paris when his home was attacked by terrorists and his stepfather was killed. The trauma of the situation caused an initial manifestation of David's mutant powers, as David incinerated the minds of the terrorists. In the process, he unintentionally absorbed the mind of the terrorist leader, Jemail Karami, into his own. Being linked to so many others at their time of death, David was rendered catatonic for years. As he slowly" ]

[ "Onslaught, the evil psionic entity born from Xavier's darkest self, somehow restored by Project Orchis.\n\nPowers and abilities\nLegion is an Omega-level mutant who has dissociative identity disorder. Fundamentally, he has the ability to alter reality and time on a cosmic scale at will, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary depending on the dominant personality: each alter has different powers enabled by David's subconscious manipulation of reality. The core personality, David Haller himself, generally does not manifest mutant abilities, but must access various personalities to use their power, sometimes losing control of himself to that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body", "that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body (e.g., manifesting a prehensile tongue, becoming a woman, transforming into a werewolf, etc.). The first alter to manifest, Jemail Karami, was telepathic. Other prominent alters include Jack Wayne (telekinetic) and Cyndi (pyrokinetic). Legion has over a thousand different personalities (the exact number is unknown), and his mind can create additional alters in response to external or internal events.The cumulative abilities of all his personalities make him one of the most powerful mutants in existence, if not the most powerful. Since the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of", "often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he must struggle to remain in control. Following the Age of X, David briefly used a Neural Switchboard Wristband engineered by Doctor Nemesis, Madison Jeffries, and Reed Richards. This device allowed Legion to utilize a personality's power set for several seconds without being overwhelmed by that personality. However, he soon abandoned this and attempted instead to develop a more organic control over his personalities.\n\nPersonalities\nThe following characters are different personalities of Legion that have appeared thus far, each one manifesting different powers:\n\nThrough the personality of terrorist Jemail Karami (the name given to Personality #2), he has manifested telepathy.\nThrough", "when they die, unintentionally. Conversely, in several instances Legion has had personalities manifest and act separately from him (or even against him) in the physical world; in most instances Legion has ultimately reabsorbed these personalities back into himself. Presumably, both his absorption of other psyches and the physical manifestations of his own personalities are enabled by Legion's underlying ability to alter reality/time at will.\nGenerally, David's ability to access and control his personalities/powers is closely tied to his self confidence and self esteem: the better he feels about himself, the more control he exercises. Unfortunately, David often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he", "Legion (David Charles Haller) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, typically as a villain or supporting character in stories featuring the X-Men and related characters. Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist Bill Sienkiewicz, the character first appeared in New Mutants #25 (March 1985).\nHe is the mutant son of Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller. Legion takes the role of an antihero who has a severe mental illness, including a form of dissociative identity disorder in which each of his identities exhibits different mutant abilities or powers.\nThe character was portrayed by Dan Stevens in the FX television series Legion (2017–19), which", "the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of reality, Legion is theoretically capable of manifesting any power he can imagine. In two instances David has manifested the full extent of his ability to alter time and reality: in the first, he wiped the Elder Gods from existence and reset the universe to a state before the Elder Gods first appeared on Earth, and in the other he observed the entirety of spacetime and mended damage his personalities had done to it.Legion can absorb other people's psyches into his mind, either intentionally or, if he is next to them when they die, unintentionally. Conversely, in several instances Legion", "in his youth, but she did not tell him of her pregnancy until years later, once their son's mutation became apparent.\nA character partially based on Legion named Takeo Sasaki appears in Marvel Anime: X-Men, voiced by Atsushi Abe in the Japanese version and by Steve Staley in the English dub. Similarly to Legion, Takeo is the son of Professor X. Additionally, while Legion himself does not appear, he is stated to be responsible for creating \"Demon-Hall Syndrome\", a mutant affliction that manifests secondary mutations, such as multiple personalities, uncontrolled physical mutations, and psychological instability.\nDavid Haller / Legion appears in a self-titled TV series,", "aid her by destroying her nemeses, the Elder Gods, when she asked.David re-manifested in the physical world, although his primary personality had been imprisoned in his mindscape by his other alters, allowing the more malicious alters to take turns controlling his body. One of these alters killed and absorbed the mind of a young girl, Marci Sobol, who became another alter within Legion. David was discovered by the New Mutants as they investigated a possible mutant case in Westcliffe, Colorado. David absorbed Karma and Magik into his mind. As the rest of the team fought a losing battle against various alters that seized control of Legion's body,", "quarantined, Doctor Nemesis began to catalog and contain these alters within David's mind. Unbeknownst to Doctor Nemesis and Professor Xavier, however, David's mind subconsciously perceived this intervention as a threat and created a \"psychic antibody,\" a powerful new personality, to defend itself. The new personality had access to a degree of David's underlying ability to alter reality and time. Assuming the appearance of the deceased Moira McTaggert (considered a mother figure by David due to his time under her care at Muir Island), the personality attempted to 'protect' Legion from the 'assault' on his mind by creating a pocket reality where Legion was the hero", "Xavier\" is a dangerous personality David created following the mental shock of the death of his father Professor X. The Fiend manifests as either a yellow goblin-like creature or in the guise of Professor X. The Fiend has significant psychic abilities, including precognition and possession, and can kill other Legion personalities in Legion's mind, absorbing their power. Eventually, the Fiend became independent from David and tried to help him retain more control of himself.\nFindel the Finder can find anyone across the galaxy.\nGestalt is a powerful fusion of several Legion personalities with the core personality of David himself, allowing the abilities of these personalities to manifest simultaneously under" ]

[ "Does Legion have a secret identity?", "Legion is the mutant son of Professor Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller.", "What superpowers does Legion have?", "Legion has the ability to alter reality and time, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary.", "What kind of psionic powers does Legion have?", "Legion has psionic powers such as telepathic, telekinetic, pyrokinetic, among other powers.", "Why does Jack Wayne control Legion's power?", "David saved Moira and Wolfsbane from a fatal accident by accessing the telekinetic abilities of his Jack Wayne personality. However, this allowed Jack Wayne to take control of David's body.", "What was the caused the initial manifestation of David's mutant powers?", "David, at a young age, was living with his mother and stepfather in Paris when his home was attacked by terrorists and his stepfather killed.", "Where did the terrorist attack happen?", "The terrorist attack happened in Israel.", "Who else controls Legion's powers?", "Other personalities that control David's powers are Karami and Cyndi.", "Who is Jemail Karami?", "Jemail Karami is a terrorist that David absorbed.", "Who is Cyndi?", "Cyndi is a temperamental, rebellious girl who was pyrokinetic and is now absorbed by David.", "What power did Jemail Karami control?", "Jemail Karami controls telephathic powers." ]

[]

[ "the power to levitate himself.\n\nMentality\nLegion has been described as having dissociative identity disorder. In his first appearance he was also described as autistic, however this diagnosis has not been used since.\n\nOrigin of name\nLegion's name is derived from a passage in the Christian Bible (found in Mark 5 and Luke 8). In it, Jesus asks a man possessed by many evil spirits what his name is, to which the man replies \"I am Legion, for we are many.\"\n\nReception\nIn 2014, Entertainment Weekly ranked Legion 21st in their \"Let's rank every X-Man ever\" list.\nIn 2018, CBR.com ranked Legion 14th in their \"8 X-Men Kids Cooler" ]

[ "There was sharp pushback on the letter, with a number of signers (not Cattell) having received funding from white supremacist organizations.\nHis works can be categorized or defined as part of cognitive psychology, due to his nature to measure every psychological aspect especially personality aspect.\n\nMultivariate research\nRather than pursue a \"univariate\" research approach to psychology, studying the effect that a single variable (such as \"dominance\") might have on another variable (such as \"decision-making\"), Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology (the analysis of several variables simultaneously). He believed that behavioral dimensions were too complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical", "Raymond Bernard Cattell (20 March 1905 – 2 February 1998) was a British-American psychologist, known for his psychometric research into intrapersonal psychological structure. His work also explored the basic dimensions of personality and temperament, the range of cognitive abilities, the dynamic dimensions of motivation and emotion, the clinical dimensions of abnormal personality, patterns of group syntality and social behavior, applications of personality research to psychotherapy and learning theory, predictors of creativity and achievement, and many multivariate research methods including the refinement of factor analytic methods for exploring and measuring these domains. Cattell authored, co-authored, or edited almost 60 scholarly books, more than 500 research articles, and", "cooperation among researchers who were using multivariate statistics to study human behavior. This resulted in the foundation of the Society of Multivariate Experimental Psychology (SMEP) and its flagship journal, Multivariate Behavioral Research. He brought many researchers from Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and South America to work in his lab at the University of Illinois. Many of his books involving multivariate experimental research were written in collaboration with notable colleagues.\n\nFactor analysis\nCattell noted that in the hard sciences such as chemistry, physics, astronomy, as well as in medical science, unsubstantiated theories were historically widespread until new instruments were developed to improve scientific observation and measurement. In the" ]

[ "What is multivariate research?", "Raymond Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology (the analysis of several variables simultaneously)." ]

[ "complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical univariate approach required bringing the individual into an artificial laboratory situation and measuring the effect of one particular variable on another – also known as the \"bivariate\" approach, while the multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole person and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context. Multivariate experimental research designs and multivariate statistical analyses allowed for the study of \"real-life\" situations (e.g., depression, divorce, loss) that could not be manipulated in an artificial laboratory environment.Cattell applied multivariate research methods across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal", "in medical settings to predict heart attack proneness, pain management variables, likely compliance with medical instructions, or recovery pattern from burns or organ transplants; in clinical settings to predict self-esteem, interpersonal needs, frustration tolerance, and openness to change; and, in research settings to predict a wide range of behavioral proclivities such as aggression, conformity, and authoritarianism.Cattell's programmatic multivariate research which extended from the 1940s through the 70's resulted in several books that have been widely recognized as identifying fundamental taxonomic dimensions of human personality and motivation and their organizing principles:\n\nThe Description and Measurement of Personality (1946)\nAn Introduction to Personality Study (1949)\nPersonality: A Systematic,", "edited almost 60 scholarly books, more than 500 research articles, and over 30 standardized psychometric tests, questionnaires, and rating scales. According to a widely cited ranking, Cattell was the 16th most eminent, 7th most cited in the scientific journal literature, and among the most productive psychologists of the 20th century. He was a controversial figure due in part to his friendships with, and intellectual respect for, white supremacists and neo-Nazis.Cattell was an early proponent of using factor analytic methods instead of what he called \"subjective verbal theorizing\" to explore empirically the basic dimensions of personality, motivation, and cognitive abilities. One of the results of Cattell's application", "Experimental Psychology (SMEP), and its journal Multivariate Behavioral Research, in order to bring together, encourage, and support scientists interested in multi-variate research. He was an early and frequent user of factor analysis (a statistical procedure for finding underlying factors in data). Cattell also developed new factor analytic techniques, for example, by inventing the scree test, which uses the curve of latent roots to judge the optimal number of factors to extract. He also developed a new factor analysis rotation procedure—the \"Procrustes\" or non-orthogonal rotation, designed to let the data itself determine the best location of factors, rather than requiring orthogonal factors. Additional contributions include the", "and cognitive abilities. One of the results of Cattell's application of factor analysis was his discovery of 16 separate primary trait factors within the normal personality sphere (based on the trait lexicon). He called these factors \"source traits\". This theory of personality factors and the self-report instrument used to measure them are known respectively as the 16 personality factor model and the 16PF Questionnaire (16PF).Cattell also undertook a series of empirical studies into the basic dimensions of other psychological domains: intelligence, motivation, career assessment and vocational interests. Cattell theorized the existence of fluid and crystallized intelligence to explain human cognitive ability, investigated changes in Gf and Gc", "Intelligence: Its Structure, Growth, and Action. Amsterdam: Elsevier. (1973 citations)\nCattell, R. B. (1988). The meaning and strategic use of factor analysis. In Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology. New York: Plenum. (1106 citations)\nCattell, R. B. and Cattell, H. E. P. (1995) Personality structure and the new fifth edition of the 16PF. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 6, 926-937. (315 citations)\nNesselroade, J. R. & Cattell, R. B. (2013). Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology (Rev. 3rd ed.) New York: Plenum. (1786 citations)\n\nComprehensive list of Cattell's books\nSee also\n16PF Questionnaire and factors\nBig Five Personality", "Science, 7, 258-262. (502 citations)\nCattell, R. B. (1965). Factor analysis: An introduction to essentials I: The purpose and underlying models. Biometrics, 21, 190–215. (767 citations)\nHorn, J. L. & Cattell, R. B. (1966). Refinement and test of the theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence. Journal of Educational Psychology, 57, 253–270. (2671 citations)\nCattell, R. B. (1966). The Scree Test for the number of factors. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1(2), 245–276. (18331 citations)\nCattell, R. B., & Jaspars, J. (1967). A general plasmode (No. 30-10-5-2) for factor analytic" ]

[ "complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical univariate approach required bringing the individual into an artificial laboratory situation and measuring the effect of one particular variable on another – also known as the \"bivariate\" approach, while the multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole person and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context. Multivariate experimental research designs and multivariate statistical analyses allowed for the study of \"real-life\" situations (e.g., depression, divorce, loss) that could not be manipulated in an artificial laboratory environment.Cattell applied multivariate research methods across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal" ]

[ "There was sharp pushback on the letter, with a number of signers (not Cattell) having received funding from white supremacist organizations.\nHis works can be categorized or defined as part of cognitive psychology, due to his nature to measure every psychological aspect especially personality aspect.\n\nMultivariate research\nRather than pursue a \"univariate\" research approach to psychology, studying the effect that a single variable (such as \"dominance\") might have on another variable (such as \"decision-making\"), Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology (the analysis of several variables simultaneously). He believed that behavioral dimensions were too complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical" ]

[ "What is multivariate research?", "Raymond Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology (the analysis of several variables simultaneously).", "What else can you tell me about multivariate research?", "The multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context." ]

[ "complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical univariate approach required bringing the individual into an artificial laboratory situation and measuring the effect of one particular variable on another – also known as the \"bivariate\" approach, while the multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole person and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context. Multivariate experimental research designs and multivariate statistical analyses allowed for the study of \"real-life\" situations (e.g., depression, divorce, loss) that could not be manipulated in an artificial laboratory environment.Cattell applied multivariate research methods across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal", "Raymond Bernard Cattell (20 March 1905 – 2 February 1998) was a British-American psychologist, known for his psychometric research into intrapersonal psychological structure. His work also explored the basic dimensions of personality and temperament, the range of cognitive abilities, the dynamic dimensions of motivation and emotion, the clinical dimensions of abnormal personality, patterns of group syntality and social behavior, applications of personality research to psychotherapy and learning theory, predictors of creativity and achievement, and many multivariate research methods including the refinement of factor analytic methods for exploring and measuring these domains. Cattell authored, co-authored, or edited almost 60 scholarly books, more than 500 research articles, and", "cooperation among researchers who were using multivariate statistics to study human behavior. This resulted in the foundation of the Society of Multivariate Experimental Psychology (SMEP) and its flagship journal, Multivariate Behavioral Research. He brought many researchers from Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and South America to work in his lab at the University of Illinois. Many of his books involving multivariate experimental research were written in collaboration with notable colleagues.\n\nFactor analysis\nCattell noted that in the hard sciences such as chemistry, physics, astronomy, as well as in medical science, unsubstantiated theories were historically widespread until new instruments were developed to improve scientific observation and measurement. In the", "and cognitive abilities. One of the results of Cattell's application of factor analysis was his discovery of 16 separate primary trait factors within the normal personality sphere (based on the trait lexicon). He called these factors \"source traits\". This theory of personality factors and the self-report instrument used to measure them are known respectively as the 16 personality factor model and the 16PF Questionnaire (16PF).Cattell also undertook a series of empirical studies into the basic dimensions of other psychological domains: intelligence, motivation, career assessment and vocational interests. Cattell theorized the existence of fluid and crystallized intelligence to explain human cognitive ability, investigated changes in Gf and Gc", "in medical settings to predict heart attack proneness, pain management variables, likely compliance with medical instructions, or recovery pattern from burns or organ transplants; in clinical settings to predict self-esteem, interpersonal needs, frustration tolerance, and openness to change; and, in research settings to predict a wide range of behavioral proclivities such as aggression, conformity, and authoritarianism.Cattell's programmatic multivariate research which extended from the 1940s through the 70's resulted in several books that have been widely recognized as identifying fundamental taxonomic dimensions of human personality and motivation and their organizing principles:\n\nThe Description and Measurement of Personality (1946)\nAn Introduction to Personality Study (1949)\nPersonality: A Systematic,", "Experimental Psychology (SMEP), and its journal Multivariate Behavioral Research, in order to bring together, encourage, and support scientists interested in multi-variate research. He was an early and frequent user of factor analysis (a statistical procedure for finding underlying factors in data). Cattell also developed new factor analytic techniques, for example, by inventing the scree test, which uses the curve of latent roots to judge the optimal number of factors to extract. He also developed a new factor analysis rotation procedure—the \"Procrustes\" or non-orthogonal rotation, designed to let the data itself determine the best location of factors, rather than requiring orthogonal factors. Additional contributions include the", "across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal and abnormal) of personality, motivational or dynamic traits, emotional and mood states, as well as the diverse array of cognitive abilities. In each of these domains, he considered there must be a finite number of basic, unitary dimensions that could be identified empirically. He drew a comparison between these fundamental, underlying (source) traits and the basic dimensions of the physical world that were discovered and presented, for example, in the periodic table of chemical elements.In 1960, Cattell organized and convened an international symposium to increase communication and cooperation among researchers who were using multivariate statistics to study human", "edited almost 60 scholarly books, more than 500 research articles, and over 30 standardized psychometric tests, questionnaires, and rating scales. According to a widely cited ranking, Cattell was the 16th most eminent, 7th most cited in the scientific journal literature, and among the most productive psychologists of the 20th century. He was a controversial figure due in part to his friendships with, and intellectual respect for, white supremacists and neo-Nazis.Cattell was an early proponent of using factor analytic methods instead of what he called \"subjective verbal theorizing\" to explore empirically the basic dimensions of personality, motivation, and cognitive abilities. One of the results of Cattell's application", "Intelligence: Its Structure, Growth, and Action. Amsterdam: Elsevier. (1973 citations)\nCattell, R. B. (1988). The meaning and strategic use of factor analysis. In Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology. New York: Plenum. (1106 citations)\nCattell, R. B. and Cattell, H. E. P. (1995) Personality structure and the new fifth edition of the 16PF. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 6, 926-937. (315 citations)\nNesselroade, J. R. & Cattell, R. B. (2013). Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology (Rev. 3rd ed.) New York: Plenum. (1786 citations)\n\nComprehensive list of Cattell's books\nSee also\n16PF Questionnaire and factors\nBig Five Personality" ]

[ "complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical univariate approach required bringing the individual into an artificial laboratory situation and measuring the effect of one particular variable on another – also known as the \"bivariate\" approach, while the multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole person and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context. Multivariate experimental research designs and multivariate statistical analyses allowed for the study of \"real-life\" situations (e.g., depression, divorce, loss) that could not be manipulated in an artificial laboratory environment.Cattell applied multivariate research methods across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal" ]

[ "There was sharp pushback on the letter, with a number of signers (not Cattell) having received funding from white supremacist organizations.\nHis works can be categorized or defined as part of cognitive psychology, due to his nature to measure every psychological aspect especially personality aspect.\n\nMultivariate research\nRather than pursue a \"univariate\" research approach to psychology, studying the effect that a single variable (such as \"dominance\") might have on another variable (such as \"decision-making\"), Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology (the analysis of several variables simultaneously). He believed that behavioral dimensions were too complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical", "complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical univariate approach required bringing the individual into an artificial laboratory situation and measuring the effect of one particular variable on another – also known as the \"bivariate\" approach, while the multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole person and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context. Multivariate experimental research designs and multivariate statistical analyses allowed for the study of \"real-life\" situations (e.g., depression, divorce, loss) that could not be manipulated in an artificial laboratory environment.Cattell applied multivariate research methods across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal", "cooperation among researchers who were using multivariate statistics to study human behavior. This resulted in the foundation of the Society of Multivariate Experimental Psychology (SMEP) and its flagship journal, Multivariate Behavioral Research. He brought many researchers from Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and South America to work in his lab at the University of Illinois. Many of his books involving multivariate experimental research were written in collaboration with notable colleagues.\n\nFactor analysis\nCattell noted that in the hard sciences such as chemistry, physics, astronomy, as well as in medical science, unsubstantiated theories were historically widespread until new instruments were developed to improve scientific observation and measurement. In the" ]

[ "What is multivariate research?", "Raymond Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology (the analysis of several variables simultaneously).", "What else can you tell me about multivariate research?", "The multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context.", "What approach was being used before the multivariate?", "Univariate and bivariate research approaches were more commonly used before the multivariate approach.", "How did the multivariate research approach help research?", "Multivariate experimental research designs and multivariate statistical analyses allowed for the study of real-life situations that could not be manipulated in an artificial laboratory environment.", "Rather than pursue a univariate research approach to psychology, studying the effect that a single variable might have on another what?", "Rather than pursue a univariate research approach to psychology, studying the effect that a single variable might have on another variable, Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology.", "How is multivariate research different from other methods?", "Instead of focusing on just one variant or two, the new approach allowed its user to focus on multiple variants simultaneously." ]

[ "Raymond Bernard Cattell (20 March 1905 – 2 February 1998) was a British-American psychologist, known for his psychometric research into intrapersonal psychological structure. His work also explored the basic dimensions of personality and temperament, the range of cognitive abilities, the dynamic dimensions of motivation and emotion, the clinical dimensions of abnormal personality, patterns of group syntality and social behavior, applications of personality research to psychotherapy and learning theory, predictors of creativity and achievement, and many multivariate research methods including the refinement of factor analytic methods for exploring and measuring these domains. Cattell authored, co-authored, or edited almost 60 scholarly books, more than 500 research articles, and", "Experimental Psychology (SMEP), and its journal Multivariate Behavioral Research, in order to bring together, encourage, and support scientists interested in multi-variate research. He was an early and frequent user of factor analysis (a statistical procedure for finding underlying factors in data). Cattell also developed new factor analytic techniques, for example, by inventing the scree test, which uses the curve of latent roots to judge the optimal number of factors to extract. He also developed a new factor analysis rotation procedure—the \"Procrustes\" or non-orthogonal rotation, designed to let the data itself determine the best location of factors, rather than requiring orthogonal factors. Additional contributions include the", "and cognitive abilities. One of the results of Cattell's application of factor analysis was his discovery of 16 separate primary trait factors within the normal personality sphere (based on the trait lexicon). He called these factors \"source traits\". This theory of personality factors and the self-report instrument used to measure them are known respectively as the 16 personality factor model and the 16PF Questionnaire (16PF).Cattell also undertook a series of empirical studies into the basic dimensions of other psychological domains: intelligence, motivation, career assessment and vocational interests. Cattell theorized the existence of fluid and crystallized intelligence to explain human cognitive ability, investigated changes in Gf and Gc", "in medical settings to predict heart attack proneness, pain management variables, likely compliance with medical instructions, or recovery pattern from burns or organ transplants; in clinical settings to predict self-esteem, interpersonal needs, frustration tolerance, and openness to change; and, in research settings to predict a wide range of behavioral proclivities such as aggression, conformity, and authoritarianism.Cattell's programmatic multivariate research which extended from the 1940s through the 70's resulted in several books that have been widely recognized as identifying fundamental taxonomic dimensions of human personality and motivation and their organizing principles:\n\nThe Description and Measurement of Personality (1946)\nAn Introduction to Personality Study (1949)\nPersonality: A Systematic,", "explain human cognitive ability, investigated changes in Gf and Gc over the lifespan, and constructed the Culture Fair Intelligence Test to minimize the bias of written language and cultural background in intelligence testing.\n\nInnovations and accomplishments\nCattell's research was mainly in personality, abilities, motivations, and innovative multivariate research methods and statistical analysis (especially his many refinements to exploratory factor analytic methodology). In his personality research, he is best remembered for his factor-analytically derived 16-factor model of normal personality structure, arguing for this model over Eysenck's simpler higher-order 3-factor model, and constructing measures of these primary factors in the form of the 16PF Questionnaire (and", "Intelligence: Its Structure, Growth, and Action. Amsterdam: Elsevier. (1973 citations)\nCattell, R. B. (1988). The meaning and strategic use of factor analysis. In Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology. New York: Plenum. (1106 citations)\nCattell, R. B. and Cattell, H. E. P. (1995) Personality structure and the new fifth edition of the 16PF. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 6, 926-937. (315 citations)\nNesselroade, J. R. & Cattell, R. B. (2013). Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology (Rev. 3rd ed.) New York: Plenum. (1786 citations)\n\nComprehensive list of Cattell's books\nSee also\n16PF Questionnaire and factors\nBig Five Personality", "across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal and abnormal) of personality, motivational or dynamic traits, emotional and mood states, as well as the diverse array of cognitive abilities. In each of these domains, he considered there must be a finite number of basic, unitary dimensions that could be identified empirically. He drew a comparison between these fundamental, underlying (source) traits and the basic dimensions of the physical world that were discovered and presented, for example, in the periodic table of chemical elements.In 1960, Cattell organized and convened an international symposium to increase communication and cooperation among researchers who were using multivariate statistics to study human" ]

[ "Raymond Bernard Cattell (20 March 1905 – 2 February 1998) was a British-American psychologist, known for his psychometric research into intrapersonal psychological structure. His work also explored the basic dimensions of personality and temperament, the range of cognitive abilities, the dynamic dimensions of motivation and emotion, the clinical dimensions of abnormal personality, patterns of group syntality and social behavior, applications of personality research to psychotherapy and learning theory, predictors of creativity and achievement, and many multivariate research methods including the refinement of factor analytic methods for exploring and measuring these domains. Cattell authored, co-authored, or edited almost 60 scholarly books, more than 500 research articles, and" ]

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[ "What is multivariate research?", "Raymond Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology (the analysis of several variables simultaneously).", "What else can you tell me about multivariate research?", "The multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context.", "What approach was being used before the multivariate?", "Univariate and bivariate research approaches were more commonly used before the multivariate approach.", "How did the multivariate research approach help research?", "Multivariate experimental research designs and multivariate statistical analyses allowed for the study of real-life situations that could not be manipulated in an artificial laboratory environment.", "Rather than pursue a univariate research approach to psychology, studying the effect that a single variable might have on another what?", "Rather than pursue a univariate research approach to psychology, studying the effect that a single variable might have on another variable, Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology.", "How is multivariate research different from other methods?", "Instead of focusing on just one variant or two, the new approach allowed its user to focus on multiple variants simultaneously.", "Has the multivariate research been applied?", "Raymond Cattell applied multivariate research methods across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs of personality, motivational or dynamic traits, mood states, as well as the diverse array of cognitive abilities." ]

[ "complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical univariate approach required bringing the individual into an artificial laboratory situation and measuring the effect of one particular variable on another – also known as the \"bivariate\" approach, while the multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole person and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context. Multivariate experimental research designs and multivariate statistical analyses allowed for the study of \"real-life\" situations (e.g., depression, divorce, loss) that could not be manipulated in an artificial laboratory environment.Cattell applied multivariate research methods across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal", "There was sharp pushback on the letter, with a number of signers (not Cattell) having received funding from white supremacist organizations.\nHis works can be categorized or defined as part of cognitive psychology, due to his nature to measure every psychological aspect especially personality aspect.\n\nMultivariate research\nRather than pursue a \"univariate\" research approach to psychology, studying the effect that a single variable (such as \"dominance\") might have on another variable (such as \"decision-making\"), Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology (the analysis of several variables simultaneously). He believed that behavioral dimensions were too complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical", "cooperation among researchers who were using multivariate statistics to study human behavior. This resulted in the foundation of the Society of Multivariate Experimental Psychology (SMEP) and its flagship journal, Multivariate Behavioral Research. He brought many researchers from Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and South America to work in his lab at the University of Illinois. Many of his books involving multivariate experimental research were written in collaboration with notable colleagues.\n\nFactor analysis\nCattell noted that in the hard sciences such as chemistry, physics, astronomy, as well as in medical science, unsubstantiated theories were historically widespread until new instruments were developed to improve scientific observation and measurement. In the", "Raymond Bernard Cattell (20 March 1905 – 2 February 1998) was a British-American psychologist, known for his psychometric research into intrapersonal psychological structure. His work also explored the basic dimensions of personality and temperament, the range of cognitive abilities, the dynamic dimensions of motivation and emotion, the clinical dimensions of abnormal personality, patterns of group syntality and social behavior, applications of personality research to psychotherapy and learning theory, predictors of creativity and achievement, and many multivariate research methods including the refinement of factor analytic methods for exploring and measuring these domains. Cattell authored, co-authored, or edited almost 60 scholarly books, more than 500 research articles, and", "and cognitive abilities. One of the results of Cattell's application of factor analysis was his discovery of 16 separate primary trait factors within the normal personality sphere (based on the trait lexicon). He called these factors \"source traits\". This theory of personality factors and the self-report instrument used to measure them are known respectively as the 16 personality factor model and the 16PF Questionnaire (16PF).Cattell also undertook a series of empirical studies into the basic dimensions of other psychological domains: intelligence, motivation, career assessment and vocational interests. Cattell theorized the existence of fluid and crystallized intelligence to explain human cognitive ability, investigated changes in Gf and Gc", "Experimental Psychology (SMEP), and its journal Multivariate Behavioral Research, in order to bring together, encourage, and support scientists interested in multi-variate research. He was an early and frequent user of factor analysis (a statistical procedure for finding underlying factors in data). Cattell also developed new factor analytic techniques, for example, by inventing the scree test, which uses the curve of latent roots to judge the optimal number of factors to extract. He also developed a new factor analysis rotation procedure—the \"Procrustes\" or non-orthogonal rotation, designed to let the data itself determine the best location of factors, rather than requiring orthogonal factors. Additional contributions include the", "in medical settings to predict heart attack proneness, pain management variables, likely compliance with medical instructions, or recovery pattern from burns or organ transplants; in clinical settings to predict self-esteem, interpersonal needs, frustration tolerance, and openness to change; and, in research settings to predict a wide range of behavioral proclivities such as aggression, conformity, and authoritarianism.Cattell's programmatic multivariate research which extended from the 1940s through the 70's resulted in several books that have been widely recognized as identifying fundamental taxonomic dimensions of human personality and motivation and their organizing principles:\n\nThe Description and Measurement of Personality (1946)\nAn Introduction to Personality Study (1949)\nPersonality: A Systematic,", "across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal and abnormal) of personality, motivational or dynamic traits, emotional and mood states, as well as the diverse array of cognitive abilities. In each of these domains, he considered there must be a finite number of basic, unitary dimensions that could be identified empirically. He drew a comparison between these fundamental, underlying (source) traits and the basic dimensions of the physical world that were discovered and presented, for example, in the periodic table of chemical elements.In 1960, Cattell organized and convened an international symposium to increase communication and cooperation among researchers who were using multivariate statistics to study human", "explain human cognitive ability, investigated changes in Gf and Gc over the lifespan, and constructed the Culture Fair Intelligence Test to minimize the bias of written language and cultural background in intelligence testing.\n\nInnovations and accomplishments\nCattell's research was mainly in personality, abilities, motivations, and innovative multivariate research methods and statistical analysis (especially his many refinements to exploratory factor analytic methodology). In his personality research, he is best remembered for his factor-analytically derived 16-factor model of normal personality structure, arguing for this model over Eysenck's simpler higher-order 3-factor model, and constructing measures of these primary factors in the form of the 16PF Questionnaire (and", "Intelligence: Its Structure, Growth, and Action. Amsterdam: Elsevier. (1973 citations)\nCattell, R. B. (1988). The meaning and strategic use of factor analysis. In Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology. New York: Plenum. (1106 citations)\nCattell, R. B. and Cattell, H. E. P. (1995) Personality structure and the new fifth edition of the 16PF. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 6, 926-937. (315 citations)\nNesselroade, J. R. & Cattell, R. B. (2013). Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology (Rev. 3rd ed.) New York: Plenum. (1786 citations)\n\nComprehensive list of Cattell's books\nSee also\n16PF Questionnaire and factors\nBig Five Personality" ]

[ "complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical univariate approach required bringing the individual into an artificial laboratory situation and measuring the effect of one particular variable on another – also known as the \"bivariate\" approach, while the multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole person and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context. Multivariate experimental research designs and multivariate statistical analyses allowed for the study of \"real-life\" situations (e.g., depression, divorce, loss) that could not be manipulated in an artificial laboratory environment.Cattell applied multivariate research methods across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal" ]

[ "he later underwent surgery to relieve the pressure on his cartilage and tendons, and his condition improved slightly, in a 2017 interview he stated that he still had difficulty walking and faced mobility issues as a result of the stresses and injuries he faced throughout his football career due to overexerting himself. He has however still been able to take part in charity football games, and in 2014 he scored twice – one a trademark finish with a powerful 35 yard strike into the roof of the net – in a game in Italy.Batistuta currently lives in Perth, Western Australia, Australia.\n\nClub career\nEarly career\nAs a child, Batistuta preferred other sports", "issued by the U.S. Department of Justice was released, justifying al-Awlaki's death as a lawful act of war. Civil liberties advocates have described the incident as \"an extrajudicial execution\" that breached al-Awlaki's constitutional right to due process, including a trial.Al-Awlaki was born in Las Cruces, New Mexico, in 1971 to parents from Yemen. Growing up partially in the United States and partially in Yemen, he attended various universities across the United States in the 1990s and early 2000s, while also working as an imam, despite having no religious qualifications and almost no religious education. Al-Awlaki returned to Yemen in early 2004 and became" ]

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[ "On 28 December 1990, they were married at Saint Roque Church.\nThe couple moved to Florence, Italy, in 1991, and a year later their first son, Thiago, was born. Thanks to good performances in the Italian championship and with the Argentina national team, Batistuta gained fame and respect. He filmed several commercials and was invited onto numerous TV shows, but in spite of this, Batistuta always remained a low-profile family man. In 1997, Batistuta's second son, Lucas, was born, and a third son, Joaquín, followed in 1999. He now has a fourth son Shamel. In 2000, Batistuta and his family moved to Rome, where he", "in motion the effort to obtain a warrant. Gaouette said that if al-Awlaki had been convicted at the time, he would have faced about six months in custody.The New York Times suggested later that al-Awlaki had claimed birth in Yemen (his family's place of origin) to qualify for scholarship money granted to foreign citizens. U.S. Congressman Frank R. Wolf (R-VA) wrote in May 2010 that by claiming to be foreign-born, al-Awlaki fraudulently obtained more than $20,000 in scholarship funds reserved for foreign students.While living in Northern Virginia, al-Awlaki visited Ali al-Timimi, later known as a radical Islamic cleric. Al-Timimi", "relationship with an Icelandic graphic designer whose identity was not disclosed. He is a noted polyglot; in addition to his native English, he is fluent in German, Icelandic, Russian, and Spanish, and can hold basic conversations in French and Swedish.Grant's years with the Czars were troubling as he battled a drug and alcohol addiction, as well as severe anxiety, having suffered with the latter throughout his adult life. He lived in New York City during his hiatus from music between 2006 and 2010, working as a waiter at the Gramercy Tavern, a medical interpreter for Russian patients in a hospital, a record store clerk, and a flight attendant.", "India for over 50 years. He became an Indian citizen in 1989 and resided in Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum), Kerala from 1969 and served as the Director of COSTFORD (Centre of Science and Technology for Rural Development), an organisation to promote low-cost housing.\nIn 1981, the Royal University of the Netherlands conferred an honour (the previous recipient of this honour, in 1980, was Hassan Fathy of Egypt) upon him for outstanding work in a Third World country. In 1983 he was conferred with an MBE (Member of the Order of the British Empire) at Buckingham Palace. In 1990, the Government of India awarded him the Padma Shri for his meritorious", "May.Bradman was of English heritage on both sides of his family. His grandfather Charles Andrew Bradman had left Withersfield, Suffolk, for Australia. In 1930, when he played at Cambridge during his first tour of England, 21-year-old Bradman took the opportunity to trace his forebears in the region. Bradman was also partly of Italian lineage; one of his great-grandfathers had been one of the first Italians to migrate to Australia in 1826.Bradman's parents lived in the hamlet of Yeo Yeo, near Stockinbingal. His mother, Emily, gave birth to him at the Cootamundra home of Granny Scholz, a midwife, which is now the", "Dave Gaouette, who authorized its withdrawal. Al-Awlaki had listed Yemen rather than the United States as his place of birth on his 1990 application for a U.S. Social Security number, soon after arriving in the US. Al-Awlaki used this documentation to obtain a passport in 1993. He later corrected his place of birth to Las Cruces, New Mexico. \"The bizarre thing is if you put Yemen down (on the application), it would be harder to get a Social Security number than to say you are a native-born citizen of Las Cruces\", Gaouette said.Prosecutors could not charge him in October 2002, when he returned from a", "2000, Batistuta and his family moved to Rome, where he played for Roma. Two years after Shamel was born, Batistuta was loaned to Inter. In 2003, after 12 years in Italy, the family moved to Qatar where Batistuta had accepted a lucrative celebrity playing contract with a local team, Al-Arabi, ending his career there in 2005. He moved back to Argentina in 2007.Despite having completed his coaching badges in Argentina, he currently has no involvement with football, instead (primarily as he has difficulty walking) he prefers to play polo and golf, he was quoted saying 'I don't like football, it's only my job'. In later", "He died shortly after, and Tsafendas was jailed until his death in 1999.\n\nEarly life\nHendrik Frensch Verwoerd was born in Amsterdam in the Netherlands on 8 September 1901. Verwoerd was South Africa's only foreign-born prime minister. He was the second child of Anje Hendriks Strik (1873-1940) and Wilhelmus Johannes Verwoerd (1874-1961). His older brother was Leendert (Len) Verwoerd (1899-1986) and his younger sister, the only one born in South Africa, was Hendrika Johanna Lucretia (Lucie) Verwoerd (1908-1959). His father was a shopkeeper and a deeply religious man who decided to move his family to" ]

[ "On 28 December 1990, they were married at Saint Roque Church.\nThe couple moved to Florence, Italy, in 1991, and a year later their first son, Thiago, was born. Thanks to good performances in the Italian championship and with the Argentina national team, Batistuta gained fame and respect. He filmed several commercials and was invited onto numerous TV shows, but in spite of this, Batistuta always remained a low-profile family man. In 1997, Batistuta's second son, Lucas, was born, and a third son, Joaquín, followed in 1999. He now has a fourth son Shamel. In 2000, Batistuta and his family moved to Rome, where he" ]

[ "he later underwent surgery to relieve the pressure on his cartilage and tendons, and his condition improved slightly, in a 2017 interview he stated that he still had difficulty walking and faced mobility issues as a result of the stresses and injuries he faced throughout his football career due to overexerting himself. He has however still been able to take part in charity football games, and in 2014 he scored twice – one a trademark finish with a powerful 35 yard strike into the roof of the net – in a game in Italy.Batistuta currently lives in Perth, Western Australia, Australia.\n\nClub career\nEarly career\nAs a child, Batistuta preferred other sports", "Vieri. Batistuta sought a move to England to play with Fulham, but the deal never transpired.\n\nAl-Arabi\nHe departed Italy for Qatar in 2003, joining Al-Arabi on a free transfer in a deal worth $8 million. Batistuta ended the season by netting 25 goals, thus surpassing the record for most goals scored, which was previously held by Qatari legend Mansour Muftah. Batistuta announced his retirement in 2005.\n\nInternational career\nIn 1991, Batistuta was selected to play for Argentina in the Copa América held in Chile, where he finished the tournament as top scorer with six goals as Argentina romped to victory. The following year, he won the FIFA", "On 28 December 1990, they were married at Saint Roque Church.\nThe couple moved to Florence, Italy, in 1991, and a year later their first son, Thiago, was born. Thanks to good performances in the Italian championship and with the Argentina national team, Batistuta gained fame and respect. He filmed several commercials and was invited onto numerous TV shows, but in spite of this, Batistuta always remained a low-profile family man. In 1997, Batistuta's second son, Lucas, was born, and a third son, Joaquín, followed in 1999. He now has a fourth son Shamel. In 2000, Batistuta and his family moved to Rome, where he", "with Al-Arabi before he retired in 2005.At international level, Batistuta was Argentina's all-time leading goalscorer with 56 goals in 78 official matches, a record he held until 21 June 2016, when he was surpassed by Lionel Messi. He participated in three FIFA World Cups, scoring 10 goals, making him Argentina's second top scorer in the competition after Messi, and the joint tenth-highest World Cup goalscorer of all time. Batistuta is the only player in football history to score two hat-tricks in different World Cups. With the Argentina national team he won two consecutive Copa América titles (1991 and 1993), the 1993 CONMEBOL–UEFA Cup of", "the FIFA 100 list of the world's greatest living players.After beginning his career in Argentina in 1988 with Newell's Old Boys, followed by River Plate and Boca Juniors where he won titles, the prolific striker played most of his club football with Serie A club Fiorentina in Italy; he is their all-time top scorer in Serie A with 151 goals. When Fiorentina was relegated to Serie B in 1993, Batistuta stayed with the club and helped them return to the top-flight league a year later. He became an icon in Florence; the Fiorentina fans erected a life-size bronze statue of him in 1996, in recognition of his", "Gabriel Omar Batistuta (Spanish pronunciation: [ɡaˈβɾjel oˈmaɾ βatisˈtuta]; born 1 February 1969) is an Argentine former professional footballer. During his playing career, Batistuta was nicknamed Batigol ([batiˈɣol]) as well as El Ángel Gabriel ([el ˌaŋxel ɣaˈβɾjel]; Spanish for Angel Gabriel). Regarded as one of the greatest strikers of his generation, noted in particular for powerful strikes from volleys or from distance while on the run, in 1999, Batistuta placed third for the FIFA World Player of the Year award. In 2004, he was named by Pelé in the FIFA 100 list of the world's greatest living players.After", "goals in as many games, including a hat-trick in their opening game against Greece.\nDuring the qualification matches for the 1998 World Cup (with former River Plate manager Daniel Passarella) Batistuta was left out of the majority of the games after falling out with the coach over team rules. The two eventually put the dispute aside and Batistuta was recalled for the tournament. In the game against Jamaica, he recorded the second hat-trick of his World Cup career, becoming the fourth player to achieve this (the others were Sándor Kocsis, Just Fontaine, and Gerd Müller) and the first to score a hat-trick in two World Cups. Argentina were", "romped to victory. The following year, he won the FIFA Confederations Cup with Argentina, finishing as the tournament's top-scorer. In 1993, Batistuta played in his second Copa América, this time held in Ecuador, which Argentina won with Batistuta scoring both goals in a 2–1 win over Mexico in the final.The 1994 World Cup, held in the United States, was a disappointment. After a promising start Argentina were beaten by Romania in the last 16. The morale of the team was seriously affected by Diego Maradona's doping suspension. Despite the disappointing Argentine exit, Batistuta scored four goals in as many games, including a hat-trick in their", "2000, Batistuta and his family moved to Rome, where he played for Roma. Two years after Shamel was born, Batistuta was loaned to Inter. In 2003, after 12 years in Italy, the family moved to Qatar where Batistuta had accepted a lucrative celebrity playing contract with a local team, Al-Arabi, ending his career there in 2005. He moved back to Argentina in 2007.Despite having completed his coaching badges in Argentina, he currently has no involvement with football, instead (primarily as he has difficulty walking) he prefers to play polo and golf, he was quoted saying 'I don't like football, it's only my job'. In later", "of men's footballers with 50 or more international goals\n\nNotes\nReferences\nFurther reading\nWilson, Jonathan (2016). Angels With Dirty Faces: The Footballing History of Argentina. Orion Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-409-14443-4.\n\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website (in Italian, Spanish, and English)\nInternational statistics at rsssf\nGabriel Batistuta at National-Football-Teams.com\nMidfield Dynamo's 10 Heroes of the Copa América Batistuta listed in the top 10\nGabriel Batistuta – Photo profile\nFutbol Factory profile at the Wayback Machine (archived 20 October 2007) (in Spanish)" ]

[ "What countries did Gabriel Batistuta reside in?", "Italy and Argentina are some of the countries Gabriel Batistuta resided in.", "Did Gabriel Batistuta reside in any other countries?", "Gabriel Batistuta resided in Qatar at one point." ]

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[ "of death\" saw the team fall at the first hurdle, only managing a victory against Nigeria (Batistuta scored the match's only goal). They later fell to England 1–0 and managed a mere 1–1 tie against Sweden. This meant that the team was knocked out in the opening round for the first time since 1962. With 54 goals from 77 games, Batistuta was the record goalscorer for Argentina, a record he held until it was surpassed by Lionel Messi in 2016. Batistuta admitted he was a little annoyed at losing the record, stating, “You go around the world and people say, 'he's the top scorer for the Argentina" ]

[ "rest of the story was left somewhat vague. The events effectively ended his 1987 season, and in October he announced he would return to serious competition the following February, with the Dutch PDM team.With 35 shotgun pellets still in his body, including three in the lining of his heart and five more embedded in his liver, LeMond attempted to return to racing in 1988. His comeback was hampered by over-training which resulted in tendonitis in his right shin requiring surgery. LeMond missed the Tour for the second year running. Tensions in the relationship between LeMond and PDM were aggravated when LeMond discovered that doping was going on at the", "remix album, dubbed Reanimation, which would include works from Hybrid Theory and non-album tracks. Reanimation debuted on July 30, 2002, featuring the likes of Black Thought, Jonathan Davis, Aaron Lewis, and many others. Reanimation claimed the second spot on the Billboard 200, and sold nearly 270,000 copies during its debut week. Hybrid Theory is also in the RIAA's Top 100 Albums.\n\n2002–2004: Meteora\nFollowing the success of Hybrid Theory and Reanimation, Linkin Park spent a significant amount of time touring around the United States. The band members began to work on new material amidst their saturated schedule, spending a sliver of their free time in their tour", "on the cause of his frequent injuries and suspensions. He decided that the cause of these problems was his reckless challenges and angry outbursts which had increasingly blighted his career. As a result, he became more restrained on the field and tended to avoid the disputes and confrontations with other players. Some observers felt that the \"new\" Keane had become less influential in midfield as a consequence of the change in his style of play, possibly brought about by decreased mobility after his hip operation. After his return, however, Keane displayed the tenacity of old, leading the team to another league title in May 2003.\nThroughout the 2000s, Keane maintained a", "side of life. But the accident really brought it to the surface. Like now I know he really sees—and uses—every concert as the spiritual opportunity it is, to reach people... The accident made him recognize God, it changed him a lot. Sometimes he'd just drift off in conversation, he'd just...be some place else. He got really intense after the accident, his ESP got really strong.\nBefore the crash, Wonder had been scheduled to do a five-week, 20-city tour in March and April 1974. It was postponed, with the exception of one date in Madison Square Garden in late March. That concert began with Wonder pointing to", "he's actually either offering himself up, or that he's already crossed that line in his own mind.\"Yemeni journalist Abdulelah Hider Shaea interviewed al-Awlaki in November 2009. Al-Awlaki acknowledged his correspondence with Hasan. He said he \"neither ordered nor pressured ... Hasan to harm Americans.\" Al-Awlaki said Hasan first e-mailed him December 17, 2008, introducing himself by writing: \"Do you remember me? I used to pray with you at the Virginia mosque.\" Hasan said he had become a devout Muslim around the time al-Awlaki was preaching at Dar al-Hijrah, in 2001 and 2002, and al-Awlaki said 'Maybe Nidal was", "several months before reappearing in the pages of another Claremont-written series, Excalibur (vol. 3 2004). He continued to guest-star in the Incredible Hulk title during the events of World War Hulk (2007) and then returned to Uncanny X-Men (2008-2011) while simultaneously appearing in X-Force (vol. 3) (2008-2010), where the character regained his metallic wings and again assumed the codename Archangel, and subsequently in Uncanny X-Force (2010-2011), in which his mind and personality were wiped.\nAfter his personality was stripped, he appeared in a supporting role as one of the students at the Jean Grey School in Wolverine and the X-Men (2011–2013).", "of competitiveness. Said LeMond: \"Something had changed in cycling. The speeds were faster and riders that I had easily outperformed were now dropping me. At the time, the team I was on, Team Z, became more and more demanding, more and more concerned...\" He stated he had been told in 1994 that he would need to blood dope in order to win again. He frankly admitted to Abt in 1999: \"I figure I had three months that went right for me after the hunting accident,\" three months in which he won the two Tours and a world road race championship. \"The rest were just pure suffering, struggling,", "and feud with nWo (1996–1998)\nIn 1996, Rogers joined the Dungeon of Doom, and feuded with former Dungeon of Doom member John Tenta, along with newcomer Glacier. By the end of the year, he had turned on the Dungeon of Doom and joined the nWo. His stay in the nWo was brief, with Traylor knocked out by an unknown assailant at the start of the February 17, 1997, edition of Nitro, with Traylor later explaining Eric Bischoff fired him from the nWo while he was temporarily paralyzed. Traylor returned on September 1, now using his real name and vowing to rip Bischoff's head off, feuding", "he announced the title of his fifth studio album, then entitled Stoicville: The Phoenix stating, \"To me, a Phoenix represents new beginnings. A new era, a new life, I'm rising from the ashes.\" Prior to releasing his fifth studio album, he released T-Pain Presents Happy Hour, a greatest hits compilation. Its first single, \"Up Down (Do This All Day)\", produced by DJ Mustard and featuring B.o.B, was officially released on August 13, 2013. The song peaked at number 62 on the Billboard Hot 100. The second single \"Drankin Patna\" was released a year later on July 21, 2014. On November 7, 2014, T-Pain", "The first single from this album (\"You Knew It All Along\") was released on 19 August 2011.\nWhile promoting his album in September 2011, Carrigan said of the Thrills: \"We’re just on a hiatus. We haven’t done anything since 2008, when we toured Australia. We never split up, but we're all working on other projects. In time, I'm sure we'll get back together. It just got a bit crazy for a while because we were away from home, so we needed to take a break.\" During an interview with Hot Press in late October 2011 Carrigan stated: \"It's like a past life now, the whole" ]

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[ "similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as Ajayan), and those with similar mannerisms and style (e.g. Bheeman Raghu).However, all these attempts to replace Jayan with a new star with a similar image yielded disappointing results. It is now one of the most popular quotes in Malayalam cinema \"Jayan's throne remains vacant and will forever be so\".\n\nResurgence in the 2000s\nIn the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again. It was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations" ]

[ "similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as Ajayan), and those with similar mannerisms and style (e.g. Bheeman Raghu).However, all these attempts to replace Jayan with a new star with a similar image yielded disappointing results. It is now one of the most popular quotes in Malayalam cinema \"Jayan's throne remains vacant and will forever be so\".\n\nResurgence in the 2000s\nIn the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again. It was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations", "reply to criticisms, and considering the short period of his active film career, he may have delivered more critically appreciated performances than most of his contemporaries. But these were always under the shadow of a large majority of films that were able to achieve commercial success capitalising on his drawing power, but had weak plots and less critical acclaim. Some believe that if he'd had a longer career, he would have eventually transformed into a great character actor over time who could excel in commercial and parallel streams alike, after a period of decline in Malayalam films that followed Sathyan's demise. His most popular films like Sharapancjaram and Angadi were", "Malayalam cinema and has been acclaimed as the first and most successful action hero of Malayalam cinema. Jayan is widely regarded as one of the most influential superstars in the history of Malayalam cinema.\nHis superhero image had transformed him into a popular culture icon among Malayalis around the world, with widespread impersonations on stage and television programs based on his screen persona. It was accompanied by a cartoon, email and SMS phenomenon in the early 2000s, portraying him as a comic superhero with unique quotes of superhuman strength attributed to the action star becoming widespread. These movements were fuelled by a renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo" ]

[ "When did Jayan's resurgence start?", "In the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again." ]

[ "by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events, television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength known as Jayan quotes. However, it has been pointed out that many grotesquely imitated screen dialogues of Jayan are not actually his, but that of dubbing artist Aleppy Ashraf, who dubbed for many of his characters post his death.\nThe \"comeback\" of Jayan and his renewed popularity lately may be taken as an affirmation that Jayan has not been replaced even nearly three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered", "feats, Jayan had attained a real-life Superhero image amongst the fans, masses and colleagues alike. His colourful attire and unique bass voice also helped him capture the imagination of the average viewer as the manly action hero. Along with these, his trademark styles and mannerisms made him a campus hero and youth idol of his time. Summing up, Jayan's image among the masses was that of a daring superhuman who would perform seemingly impossible deeds and accomplish extraordinary feats.\nJayan is the most commercially successful superstar to date in the Malayalam industry with a near 90% success rate. The years 1979, 1980 and 1981 became known as \"Jayan years\"", "three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered as the first and best action star of Malayalam cinema, so far, besides his trademark colourful attire, risky stunts, machismo mannerisms and unique speaking style. He has rightly won immortality in the hearts of the Malayalam film fans as a martyr in his yearning to thrill and entertain them even by putting his life at stake. Madhu, a famous actor prominent in the 1960s, once stated in an interview: \"Jayan will forever be young and alive. No one can ever visualise him as an old man.\"\nA film titled Avatharam presently under production, is attempting to bring back his", "popularity among the masses. In films such as Aavesham and Manushya Mrugam he played double roles. During his career, he received only a few critically appreciated roles perhaps partly due to his commercial hero image and partly due to the lack of films that garnered critical appreciation at the time. The focus was always on his unmatched drawing power as an action star and by 1980, at the peak of his career, he had attained a genuine superhero image. Movies exploited Jayan's masculine physique and he appeared bare-chested in numerous scenes. His on-screen attire (most famously his Elvis bellbottoms), his masculine image and later the nature", "also acted with other popular actors of the time, such as Soman, Sukumaran and Madhu in many films. In early films before 1979 (e.g. Thacholi Ambu and Panchami), he had negative or supporting roles. But later films in the beginning of 1980 relied heavily on Jayan's drawing power as an action hero and placed him as the central character. In 1980, the duo Jayan and Prem Nazir were cast in Ariyapedatha Rahasiyam by P. Venu, that showcased the most famous fight scene in Malayalam cinema. Prem Nazir agreed to play a supporting role in Naayattu, which was very unlikely for a superstar of", "years 1979, 1980 and 1981 became known as \"Jayan years\" in the industry due to the widespread release and success of his movies. His films Sharapancharam and Angadi, released in 1979 and 1980 respectively, were record breakers and became the highest grossers of their respective years. His final film, Kolilakkam was the highest grosser in 1981. The noteworthy point is that a large percentage of films released during his peak years lacked a strong plot and were mostly cheap low budget remakes of successful movies from other language sectors of Indian cinema. Many of these films came out astoundingly successful due to his sheer presence and some avoided failures", "renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo image. These were claimed to honour his memories, but were also criticised for parodying the legendary actor years after his death.\n\nEarly life\nJayan was born in Quilon, Travancore as the first child of his father Thevalli Kottaram Veetil Madhavan Pillai and mother Bharathiyamma. His birth name was Krishnan Nair. He had a younger brother named Soman Nair. Malayalam actress Jayabharathi, who was his first cousin introduced him to the film industry. Jayan's formal education ended at the 10th grade at Kollam Govt. Boys High School when he joined the Indian Navy.He was" ]

[ "by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events, television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength known as Jayan quotes. However, it has been pointed out that many grotesquely imitated screen dialogues of Jayan are not actually his, but that of dubbing artist Aleppy Ashraf, who dubbed for many of his characters post his death.\nThe \"comeback\" of Jayan and his renewed popularity lately may be taken as an affirmation that Jayan has not been replaced even nearly three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered" ]

[]

[ "When did Jayan's resurgence start?", "In the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again.", "What caused Jayan's resurgence?", "Jayan's resurgence was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events." ]

[ "by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events, television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength known as Jayan quotes. However, it has been pointed out that many grotesquely imitated screen dialogues of Jayan are not actually his, but that of dubbing artist Aleppy Ashraf, who dubbed for many of his characters post his death.\nThe \"comeback\" of Jayan and his renewed popularity lately may be taken as an affirmation that Jayan has not been replaced even nearly three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered", "similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as Ajayan), and those with similar mannerisms and style (e.g. Bheeman Raghu).However, all these attempts to replace Jayan with a new star with a similar image yielded disappointing results. It is now one of the most popular quotes in Malayalam cinema \"Jayan's throne remains vacant and will forever be so\".\n\nResurgence in the 2000s\nIn the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again. It was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations", "were added to numerous films that showed random gestures or shots of him walking by the side during fight scenes. Attempts were made to bring in impostors who tried to imitate his style and mannerisms, enabling several artists from the field of mimicry to show up on the big screen. But these experiments failed miserably, and proved especially ineffective in fight and stunt scenes. Then, directors and producers started a search for new actors to replace him. This movement led to debuts of actors who resembled Jayan in physical appearance (e.g. Ratheesh), those with stage names sounding similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as", "Malayalam cinema and has been acclaimed as the first and most successful action hero of Malayalam cinema. Jayan is widely regarded as one of the most influential superstars in the history of Malayalam cinema.\nHis superhero image had transformed him into a popular culture icon among Malayalis around the world, with widespread impersonations on stage and television programs based on his screen persona. It was accompanied by a cartoon, email and SMS phenomenon in the early 2000s, portraying him as a comic superhero with unique quotes of superhuman strength attributed to the action star becoming widespread. These movements were fuelled by a renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo", "feats, Jayan had attained a real-life Superhero image amongst the fans, masses and colleagues alike. His colourful attire and unique bass voice also helped him capture the imagination of the average viewer as the manly action hero. Along with these, his trademark styles and mannerisms made him a campus hero and youth idol of his time. Summing up, Jayan's image among the masses was that of a daring superhuman who would perform seemingly impossible deeds and accomplish extraordinary feats.\nJayan is the most commercially successful superstar to date in the Malayalam industry with a near 90% success rate. The years 1979, 1980 and 1981 became known as \"Jayan years\"", "reply to criticisms, and considering the short period of his active film career, he may have delivered more critically appreciated performances than most of his contemporaries. But these were always under the shadow of a large majority of films that were able to achieve commercial success capitalising on his drawing power, but had weak plots and less critical acclaim. Some believe that if he'd had a longer career, he would have eventually transformed into a great character actor over time who could excel in commercial and parallel streams alike, after a period of decline in Malayalam films that followed Sathyan's demise. His most popular films like Sharapancjaram and Angadi were", "the lead is in the works, using advanced animation and graphics technologies. The movie, titled Avatharam (Incarnation), was announced to be directed by Vijeesh Mani and scripted by T. A. Shahid. The project is inspired by the star's posthumous popularity as an action legend. It was announced that the actor would be brought back to the big screen by twelve top technicians from Hollywood.\n\nFilmography\nSee also\nJayan quotes\n\nReferences\nExternal links\nJayan at IMDb\nProfile of Malayalam Actor Jayan\n\nFurther reading\nOfficial website\nhttp://www.malayalachalachithram.com/profiles.php?i=48\nJayan Nostalgia homepage at Manorama Online portal\nImage gallery\nJayan Anniversary Special at Mathrubhumi portal\n\"Jayan: Love You All\" – an article in", "scene with an elephant.\n\nInfluence on Malayalam cinema\nThe meteoric rise of Jayan had literally a texture changing impact on the Malayalam film industry. It changed forever the hero concept that existed previously for many years and gave rise to a new genre of film characters with more manly characteristics. The National Film Archive of India, in a tweet writes: \"Jayan, an action star of the 70s is remembered for his heroic style & ability to perform daredevil stunts.\"\n\nMemorable roles\nMost critics often consider Jayan's main hero role in Sharapancharam, Angadi, Venalil Oru Mazha and Puthiya Velicham to be his best. His most popular character may be", "popularity among the masses. In films such as Aavesham and Manushya Mrugam he played double roles. During his career, he received only a few critically appreciated roles perhaps partly due to his commercial hero image and partly due to the lack of films that garnered critical appreciation at the time. The focus was always on his unmatched drawing power as an action star and by 1980, at the peak of his career, he had attained a genuine superhero image. Movies exploited Jayan's masculine physique and he appeared bare-chested in numerous scenes. His on-screen attire (most famously his Elvis bellbottoms), his masculine image and later the nature", "three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered as the first and best action star of Malayalam cinema, so far, besides his trademark colourful attire, risky stunts, machismo mannerisms and unique speaking style. He has rightly won immortality in the hearts of the Malayalam film fans as a martyr in his yearning to thrill and entertain them even by putting his life at stake. Madhu, a famous actor prominent in the 1960s, once stated in an interview: \"Jayan will forever be young and alive. No one can ever visualise him as an old man.\"\nA film titled Avatharam presently under production, is attempting to bring back his" ]

[ "by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events, television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength known as Jayan quotes. However, it has been pointed out that many grotesquely imitated screen dialogues of Jayan are not actually his, but that of dubbing artist Aleppy Ashraf, who dubbed for many of his characters post his death.\nThe \"comeback\" of Jayan and his renewed popularity lately may be taken as an affirmation that Jayan has not been replaced even nearly three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered" ]

[ "by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events, television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength known as Jayan quotes. However, it has been pointed out that many grotesquely imitated screen dialogues of Jayan are not actually his, but that of dubbing artist Aleppy Ashraf, who dubbed for many of his characters post his death.\nThe \"comeback\" of Jayan and his renewed popularity lately may be taken as an affirmation that Jayan has not been replaced even nearly three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered", "similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as Ajayan), and those with similar mannerisms and style (e.g. Bheeman Raghu).However, all these attempts to replace Jayan with a new star with a similar image yielded disappointing results. It is now one of the most popular quotes in Malayalam cinema \"Jayan's throne remains vacant and will forever be so\".\n\nResurgence in the 2000s\nIn the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again. It was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations", "Malayalam cinema and has been acclaimed as the first and most successful action hero of Malayalam cinema. Jayan is widely regarded as one of the most influential superstars in the history of Malayalam cinema.\nHis superhero image had transformed him into a popular culture icon among Malayalis around the world, with widespread impersonations on stage and television programs based on his screen persona. It was accompanied by a cartoon, email and SMS phenomenon in the early 2000s, portraying him as a comic superhero with unique quotes of superhuman strength attributed to the action star becoming widespread. These movements were fuelled by a renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo", "were added to numerous films that showed random gestures or shots of him walking by the side during fight scenes. Attempts were made to bring in impostors who tried to imitate his style and mannerisms, enabling several artists from the field of mimicry to show up on the big screen. But these experiments failed miserably, and proved especially ineffective in fight and stunt scenes. Then, directors and producers started a search for new actors to replace him. This movement led to debuts of actors who resembled Jayan in physical appearance (e.g. Ratheesh), those with stage names sounding similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as", "feats, Jayan had attained a real-life Superhero image amongst the fans, masses and colleagues alike. His colourful attire and unique bass voice also helped him capture the imagination of the average viewer as the manly action hero. Along with these, his trademark styles and mannerisms made him a campus hero and youth idol of his time. Summing up, Jayan's image among the masses was that of a daring superhuman who would perform seemingly impossible deeds and accomplish extraordinary feats.\nJayan is the most commercially successful superstar to date in the Malayalam industry with a near 90% success rate. The years 1979, 1980 and 1981 became known as \"Jayan years\"", "the lead is in the works, using advanced animation and graphics technologies. The movie, titled Avatharam (Incarnation), was announced to be directed by Vijeesh Mani and scripted by T. A. Shahid. The project is inspired by the star's posthumous popularity as an action legend. It was announced that the actor would be brought back to the big screen by twelve top technicians from Hollywood.\n\nFilmography\nSee also\nJayan quotes\n\nReferences\nExternal links\nJayan at IMDb\nProfile of Malayalam Actor Jayan\n\nFurther reading\nOfficial website\nhttp://www.malayalachalachithram.com/profiles.php?i=48\nJayan Nostalgia homepage at Manorama Online portal\nImage gallery\nJayan Anniversary Special at Mathrubhumi portal\n\"Jayan: Love You All\" – an article in", "reply to criticisms, and considering the short period of his active film career, he may have delivered more critically appreciated performances than most of his contemporaries. But these were always under the shadow of a large majority of films that were able to achieve commercial success capitalising on his drawing power, but had weak plots and less critical acclaim. Some believe that if he'd had a longer career, he would have eventually transformed into a great character actor over time who could excel in commercial and parallel streams alike, after a period of decline in Malayalam films that followed Sathyan's demise. His most popular films like Sharapancjaram and Angadi were", "scene with an elephant.\n\nInfluence on Malayalam cinema\nThe meteoric rise of Jayan had literally a texture changing impact on the Malayalam film industry. It changed forever the hero concept that existed previously for many years and gave rise to a new genre of film characters with more manly characteristics. The National Film Archive of India, in a tweet writes: \"Jayan, an action star of the 70s is remembered for his heroic style & ability to perform daredevil stunts.\"\n\nMemorable roles\nMost critics often consider Jayan's main hero role in Sharapancharam, Angadi, Venalil Oru Mazha and Puthiya Velicham to be his best. His most popular character may be", "successful due to his sheer presence and some avoided failures due to his small cameo appearances. Thousands of fans used to visit theatres repeatedly just to see his fascinating stunts and fight scenes.\n\nDaredevilry\nJayan was a high-risk taker and throughout his career, he was popular for stellar performances in a fight and stunt sequences. Dangerous and thrilling stunts were often featured in action films with Jayan in the lead. These were usually highlighted during fight scenes as added promotions to his machismo image and daredevilry. Numerous movies in which he has acted have one or more notable stunt performances.\nA few prominent examples may be Puthiya Velicham (\"New Light\",", "three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered as the first and best action star of Malayalam cinema, so far, besides his trademark colourful attire, risky stunts, machismo mannerisms and unique speaking style. He has rightly won immortality in the hearts of the Malayalam film fans as a martyr in his yearning to thrill and entertain them even by putting his life at stake. Madhu, a famous actor prominent in the 1960s, once stated in an interview: \"Jayan will forever be young and alive. No one can ever visualise him as an old man.\"\nA film titled Avatharam presently under production, is attempting to bring back his" ]

[ "When did Jayan's resurgence start?", "In the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again.", "What caused Jayan's resurgence?", "Jayan's resurgence was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events.", "Are there any particular mimicry stage artists named?", "Television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength became known as Jayan quotes." ]

[]

[ "by the actor's nephew Kannan Nair, and aims at uniting his diverse fan base consisting of young and old people from several generations under a single platform. Activities include organising anniversary functions and memorial programs, facilitating his coworkers, maintaining the actor's website and official profiles and charity work.\n\nMonuments\nIn 2009, an 8 ft high statue of the actor was erected in front of his house at Olayil, Kollam which is now a nursing home. Efforts are being made to construct a permanent memorial at Mulankadakam where he was cremated, and also to open a library and museum near his home.\nJayan memorial club and a Jayan memorial National highway" ]

[ "by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events, television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength known as Jayan quotes. However, it has been pointed out that many grotesquely imitated screen dialogues of Jayan are not actually his, but that of dubbing artist Aleppy Ashraf, who dubbed for many of his characters post his death.\nThe \"comeback\" of Jayan and his renewed popularity lately may be taken as an affirmation that Jayan has not been replaced even nearly three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered", "similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as Ajayan), and those with similar mannerisms and style (e.g. Bheeman Raghu).However, all these attempts to replace Jayan with a new star with a similar image yielded disappointing results. It is now one of the most popular quotes in Malayalam cinema \"Jayan's throne remains vacant and will forever be so\".\n\nResurgence in the 2000s\nIn the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again. It was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations", "Malayalam cinema and has been acclaimed as the first and most successful action hero of Malayalam cinema. Jayan is widely regarded as one of the most influential superstars in the history of Malayalam cinema.\nHis superhero image had transformed him into a popular culture icon among Malayalis around the world, with widespread impersonations on stage and television programs based on his screen persona. It was accompanied by a cartoon, email and SMS phenomenon in the early 2000s, portraying him as a comic superhero with unique quotes of superhuman strength attributed to the action star becoming widespread. These movements were fuelled by a renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo", "three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered as the first and best action star of Malayalam cinema, so far, besides his trademark colourful attire, risky stunts, machismo mannerisms and unique speaking style. He has rightly won immortality in the hearts of the Malayalam film fans as a martyr in his yearning to thrill and entertain them even by putting his life at stake. Madhu, a famous actor prominent in the 1960s, once stated in an interview: \"Jayan will forever be young and alive. No one can ever visualise him as an old man.\"\nA film titled Avatharam presently under production, is attempting to bring back his", "were added to numerous films that showed random gestures or shots of him walking by the side during fight scenes. Attempts were made to bring in impostors who tried to imitate his style and mannerisms, enabling several artists from the field of mimicry to show up on the big screen. But these experiments failed miserably, and proved especially ineffective in fight and stunt scenes. Then, directors and producers started a search for new actors to replace him. This movement led to debuts of actors who resembled Jayan in physical appearance (e.g. Ratheesh), those with stage names sounding similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as", "the lead is in the works, using advanced animation and graphics technologies. The movie, titled Avatharam (Incarnation), was announced to be directed by Vijeesh Mani and scripted by T. A. Shahid. The project is inspired by the star's posthumous popularity as an action legend. It was announced that the actor would be brought back to the big screen by twelve top technicians from Hollywood.\n\nFilmography\nSee also\nJayan quotes\n\nReferences\nExternal links\nJayan at IMDb\nProfile of Malayalam Actor Jayan\n\nFurther reading\nOfficial website\nhttp://www.malayalachalachithram.com/profiles.php?i=48\nJayan Nostalgia homepage at Manorama Online portal\nImage gallery\nJayan Anniversary Special at Mathrubhumi portal\n\"Jayan: Love You All\" – an article in", "feats, Jayan had attained a real-life Superhero image amongst the fans, masses and colleagues alike. His colourful attire and unique bass voice also helped him capture the imagination of the average viewer as the manly action hero. Along with these, his trademark styles and mannerisms made him a campus hero and youth idol of his time. Summing up, Jayan's image among the masses was that of a daring superhuman who would perform seemingly impossible deeds and accomplish extraordinary feats.\nJayan is the most commercially successful superstar to date in the Malayalam industry with a near 90% success rate. The years 1979, 1980 and 1981 became known as \"Jayan years\"", "renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo image. These were claimed to honour his memories, but were also criticised for parodying the legendary actor years after his death.\n\nEarly life\nJayan was born in Quilon, Travancore as the first child of his father Thevalli Kottaram Veetil Madhavan Pillai and mother Bharathiyamma. His birth name was Krishnan Nair. He had a younger brother named Soman Nair. Malayalam actress Jayabharathi, who was his first cousin introduced him to the film industry. Jayan's formal education ended at the 10th grade at Kollam Govt. Boys High School when he joined the Indian Navy.He was", "scene with an elephant.\n\nInfluence on Malayalam cinema\nThe meteoric rise of Jayan had literally a texture changing impact on the Malayalam film industry. It changed forever the hero concept that existed previously for many years and gave rise to a new genre of film characters with more manly characteristics. The National Film Archive of India, in a tweet writes: \"Jayan, an action star of the 70s is remembered for his heroic style & ability to perform daredevil stunts.\"\n\nMemorable roles\nMost critics often consider Jayan's main hero role in Sharapancharam, Angadi, Venalil Oru Mazha and Puthiya Velicham to be his best. His most popular character may be", "his Elvis bellbottoms), his masculine image and later the nature of his death transformed him into a legendary pop culture icon in Kerala. Jayan was also known for his unique method of dialogue delivery and he has contributed many memorable lines to the Malayalam film history.\n\nMultistar films\nJayan acted in several ensemble cast movies, mostly with Prem Nazir. The duo acted in films such as Naayattu, Love in Singapore, Chandrahasam, Thacholi Ambu, Kannappanunni, Paalattu Kunjikkannan, Maamaankam, Prabhu etc. all of which were top-grossing movies at the box office. He also acted with other popular actors of the time, such as" ]

[ "When did Jayan's resurgence start?", "In the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again.", "What caused Jayan's resurgence?", "Jayan's resurgence was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events.", "Are there any particular mimicry stage artists named?", "Television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength became known as Jayan quotes.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article, besides Jayan's resurgence and mimicry stage shows?", "In 2009, an 8 ft high statue of Jayan was erected in front of his house at Olayil, Kollam which is now a nursing home." ]

[]

[ "Madhavan Nair, commonly known by his stage name Madhu, is an Indian actor, director, producer, former college lecturer and former film studio owner, who works in Malayalam cinema and a certain number of Hindi and Tamil films. He was a prominent lead actor during the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s and has acted in more than 400 films. Madhu has also directed 12 films, produced 15 films and at one time owned the Uma Film Studio. He was awarded the Padma Shri by the Government of India in 2013 for his contributions towards the arts. He was honored with the J. C. Daniel Award by the Government of Kerala in 2004, for" ]

[ "by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events, television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength known as Jayan quotes. However, it has been pointed out that many grotesquely imitated screen dialogues of Jayan are not actually his, but that of dubbing artist Aleppy Ashraf, who dubbed for many of his characters post his death.\nThe \"comeback\" of Jayan and his renewed popularity lately may be taken as an affirmation that Jayan has not been replaced even nearly three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered" ]

[ "When did Jayan's resurgence start?", "In the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again.", "What caused Jayan's resurgence?", "Jayan's resurgence was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events.", "Are there any particular mimicry stage artists named?", "Television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength became known as Jayan quotes.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article, besides Jayan's resurgence and mimicry stage shows?", "In 2009, an 8 ft high statue of Jayan was erected in front of his house at Olayil, Kollam which is now a nursing home.", "Who was Madhu?", "Madhavan Nair, commonly known by his stage name Madhu, is an Indian film actor, director, producer, and playback singer, who works in Malayalam cinema." ]

[ "three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered as the first and best action star of Malayalam cinema, so far, besides his trademark colourful attire, risky stunts, machismo mannerisms and unique speaking style. He has rightly won immortality in the hearts of the Malayalam film fans as a martyr in his yearning to thrill and entertain them even by putting his life at stake. Madhu, a famous actor prominent in the 1960s, once stated in an interview: \"Jayan will forever be young and alive. No one can ever visualise him as an old man.\"\nA film titled Avatharam presently under production, is attempting to bring back his", "renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo image. These were claimed to honour his memories, but were also criticised for parodying the legendary actor years after his death.\n\nEarly life\nJayan was born in Quilon, Travancore as the first child of his father Thevalli Kottaram Veetil Madhavan Pillai and mother Bharathiyamma. His birth name was Krishnan Nair. He had a younger brother named Soman Nair. Malayalam actress Jayabharathi, who was his first cousin introduced him to the film industry. Jayan's formal education ended at the 10th grade at Kollam Govt. Boys High School when he joined the Indian Navy.He was", "similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as Ajayan), and those with similar mannerisms and style (e.g. Bheeman Raghu).However, all these attempts to replace Jayan with a new star with a similar image yielded disappointing results. It is now one of the most popular quotes in Malayalam cinema \"Jayan's throne remains vacant and will forever be so\".\n\nResurgence in the 2000s\nIn the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again. It was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations", "Madhavan Nair, commonly known by his stage name Madhu, is an Indian actor, director, producer, former college lecturer and former film studio owner, who works in Malayalam cinema and a certain number of Hindi and Tamil films. He was a prominent lead actor during the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s and has acted in more than 400 films. Madhu has also directed 12 films, produced 15 films and at one time owned the Uma Film Studio. He was awarded the Padma Shri by the Government of India in 2013 for his contributions towards the arts. He was honored with the J. C. Daniel Award by the Government of Kerala in 2004, for", "were added to numerous films that showed random gestures or shots of him walking by the side during fight scenes. Attempts were made to bring in impostors who tried to imitate his style and mannerisms, enabling several artists from the field of mimicry to show up on the big screen. But these experiments failed miserably, and proved especially ineffective in fight and stunt scenes. Then, directors and producers started a search for new actors to replace him. This movement led to debuts of actors who resembled Jayan in physical appearance (e.g. Ratheesh), those with stage names sounding similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as", "Malayalam cinema and has been acclaimed as the first and most successful action hero of Malayalam cinema. Jayan is widely regarded as one of the most influential superstars in the history of Malayalam cinema.\nHis superhero image had transformed him into a popular culture icon among Malayalis around the world, with widespread impersonations on stage and television programs based on his screen persona. It was accompanied by a cartoon, email and SMS phenomenon in the early 2000s, portraying him as a comic superhero with unique quotes of superhuman strength attributed to the action star becoming widespread. These movements were fuelled by a renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo", "the lead is in the works, using advanced animation and graphics technologies. The movie, titled Avatharam (Incarnation), was announced to be directed by Vijeesh Mani and scripted by T. A. Shahid. The project is inspired by the star's posthumous popularity as an action legend. It was announced that the actor would be brought back to the big screen by twelve top technicians from Hollywood.\n\nFilmography\nSee also\nJayan quotes\n\nReferences\nExternal links\nJayan at IMDb\nProfile of Malayalam Actor Jayan\n\nFurther reading\nOfficial website\nhttp://www.malayalachalachithram.com/profiles.php?i=48\nJayan Nostalgia homepage at Manorama Online portal\nImage gallery\nJayan Anniversary Special at Mathrubhumi portal\n\"Jayan: Love You All\" – an article in", "feats, Jayan had attained a real-life Superhero image amongst the fans, masses and colleagues alike. His colourful attire and unique bass voice also helped him capture the imagination of the average viewer as the manly action hero. Along with these, his trademark styles and mannerisms made him a campus hero and youth idol of his time. Summing up, Jayan's image among the masses was that of a daring superhuman who would perform seemingly impossible deeds and accomplish extraordinary feats.\nJayan is the most commercially successful superstar to date in the Malayalam industry with a near 90% success rate. The years 1979, 1980 and 1981 became known as \"Jayan years\"", "also acted with other popular actors of the time, such as Soman, Sukumaran and Madhu in many films. In early films before 1979 (e.g. Thacholi Ambu and Panchami), he had negative or supporting roles. But later films in the beginning of 1980 relied heavily on Jayan's drawing power as an action hero and placed him as the central character. In 1980, the duo Jayan and Prem Nazir were cast in Ariyapedatha Rahasiyam by P. Venu, that showcased the most famous fight scene in Malayalam cinema. Prem Nazir agreed to play a supporting role in Naayattu, which was very unlikely for a superstar of" ]

[ "three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered as the first and best action star of Malayalam cinema, so far, besides his trademark colourful attire, risky stunts, machismo mannerisms and unique speaking style. He has rightly won immortality in the hearts of the Malayalam film fans as a martyr in his yearning to thrill and entertain them even by putting his life at stake. Madhu, a famous actor prominent in the 1960s, once stated in an interview: \"Jayan will forever be young and alive. No one can ever visualise him as an old man.\"\nA film titled Avatharam presently under production, is attempting to bring back his" ]

[ "in Naayattu, which was very unlikely for a superstar of those times. He had agreed to do this as a token of friendship with Jayan and the director Sreekumaran Thambi. The duo acted together many action films such as Irumbazhikal, Love in Singapore etc. where the box office draw was huge.\n\nDeath\nIn the peak of his career, on 16 November 1980, Jayan died in an accident on the set of the movie Kolilakkam (transl. Shockwave) at the age of 41. The climactic scene of the movie was being filmed in Sholavaram, near Madras, Tamil Nadu. Jayan always performed his own stunts, and for", "death was confirmed, a slide was added during the theatre show of his movie Deepam, which was running in packed houses, informing viewers of his death. A large number of his fans burst into tears and ran out of the buildings, while many continued to watch the movie, refusing to believe it and taking it for an ingenious promotion for some upcoming project.Jayan's body was taken to Trivandrum via aeroplane and later it was taken to his home in Quilon, where he was cremated. Thousands paid homage to the actor, and the police had to take huge measures to deal with the crowds. His mother Bharathiyamma became bedridden", "his home.\nJayan memorial club and a Jayan memorial National highway waiting shed consisting of all Jayan film names and pics built by fans in Thrissur.\nJayan's Wax statue is unveiled at the Sunil Wax Museum in the state capital of Thiruvananthapuram in 2022.\n\nIn media\nMedia on Jayan\nA book titled Jayan Americayil? (Jayan in America?) came out in 1981 and had record sales at the time. It circulated the rumour that Jayan was alive in America with an injured eye and that it was a look-alike who was killed in the accident.\nAnother book Jayante Maranam Kolapathakamo (Jayan's death, a murder) was also", "deal with the crowds. His mother Bharathiyamma became bedridden after this incident, and she too died two years later. Soman Nair, his younger brother, died in 1999.\nSome conspiracy theories emerged regarding the circumstances of his death, primarily because the pilot and his co-star Balan K. Nair, who was in the helicopter, survived with minor or no injuries. Nevertheless, it has been confirmed as a genuine accident.\n\nAftermath\nAfter Jayan's death, several films were released claiming to be his last film, including the genuine one, Kolilakkam. In all these films, Jayan's voice was dubbed by Alleppey Ashraf, a popular impressionist of the time. Many" ]

[ "Where did Jayan die?", "Jayan died in Sholavaram, near Madras, Tamil Nadu.", "How did Jayan die?", "On 16 November 1980, Jayan was killed in an accident involving a helicopter on the set of the movie Kolilakkam." ]

[ "Tamil Nadu. Jayan always performed his own stunts, and for this movie he was performing a rather dangerous stunt that involved him boarding an airborne helicopter from a moving motorbike driven by Sukumaran. The shot was accepted by the director in the first take; Nonetheless, another three shots were filmed.\nAccording to the film's production executive, Jayan insisted on yet another re-take as he was not satisfied with its perfection. During the re-take, the helicopter lost its balance and crashed along with Jayan who was hanging onto the landing skids, and he later succumbed to his injuries.\nAfter his death was confirmed, a slide was added during the theatre show", "three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered as the first and best action star of Malayalam cinema, so far, besides his trademark colourful attire, risky stunts, machismo mannerisms and unique speaking style. He has rightly won immortality in the hearts of the Malayalam film fans as a martyr in his yearning to thrill and entertain them even by putting his life at stake. Madhu, a famous actor prominent in the 1960s, once stated in an interview: \"Jayan will forever be young and alive. No one can ever visualise him as an old man.\"\nA film titled Avatharam presently under production, is attempting to bring back his", "in Cochin for a few years till his acting career began to succeed. Jayan's younger brother Soman Nair (Ajayan) also acted in 20+ films after Jayan's death. But he was not successful in films like Jayan. Ajayan died in the year 2000 at the age of 56. Ajayan has 3 children and his younger son Adithyan Jayan is a famous TV serial actor in Malayalam.\n\nCareer\nRandom appearances and early career\nJayan did make a few random uncredited appearances in some films during the early 1970s. According to his nephew, he had the role of a vampire-like character in an unnamed project costarred by Vidhubala, which was never", "years 1979, 1980 and 1981 became known as \"Jayan years\" in the industry due to the widespread release and success of his movies. His films Sharapancharam and Angadi, released in 1979 and 1980 respectively, were record breakers and became the highest grossers of their respective years. His final film, Kolilakkam was the highest grosser in 1981. The noteworthy point is that a large percentage of films released during his peak years lacked a strong plot and were mostly cheap low budget remakes of successful movies from other language sectors of Indian cinema. Many of these films came out astoundingly successful due to his sheer presence and some avoided failures", "renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo image. These were claimed to honour his memories, but were also criticised for parodying the legendary actor years after his death.\n\nEarly life\nJayan was born in Quilon, Travancore as the first child of his father Thevalli Kottaram Veetil Madhavan Pillai and mother Bharathiyamma. His birth name was Krishnan Nair. He had a younger brother named Soman Nair. Malayalam actress Jayabharathi, who was his first cousin introduced him to the film industry. Jayan's formal education ended at the 10th grade at Kollam Govt. Boys High School when he joined the Indian Navy.He was", "his Elvis bellbottoms), his masculine image and later the nature of his death transformed him into a legendary pop culture icon in Kerala. Jayan was also known for his unique method of dialogue delivery and he has contributed many memorable lines to the Malayalam film history.\n\nMultistar films\nJayan acted in several ensemble cast movies, mostly with Prem Nazir. The duo acted in films such as Naayattu, Love in Singapore, Chandrahasam, Thacholi Ambu, Kannappanunni, Paalattu Kunjikkannan, Maamaankam, Prabhu etc. all of which were top-grossing movies at the box office. He also acted with other popular actors of the time, such as" ]

[ "Tamil Nadu. Jayan always performed his own stunts, and for this movie he was performing a rather dangerous stunt that involved him boarding an airborne helicopter from a moving motorbike driven by Sukumaran. The shot was accepted by the director in the first take; Nonetheless, another three shots were filmed.\nAccording to the film's production executive, Jayan insisted on yet another re-take as he was not satisfied with its perfection. During the re-take, the helicopter lost its balance and crashed along with Jayan who was hanging onto the landing skids, and he later succumbed to his injuries.\nAfter his death was confirmed, a slide was added during the theatre show" ]

[ "in Naayattu, which was very unlikely for a superstar of those times. He had agreed to do this as a token of friendship with Jayan and the director Sreekumaran Thambi. The duo acted together many action films such as Irumbazhikal, Love in Singapore etc. where the box office draw was huge.\n\nDeath\nIn the peak of his career, on 16 November 1980, Jayan died in an accident on the set of the movie Kolilakkam (transl. Shockwave) at the age of 41. The climactic scene of the movie was being filmed in Sholavaram, near Madras, Tamil Nadu. Jayan always performed his own stunts, and for", "death was confirmed, a slide was added during the theatre show of his movie Deepam, which was running in packed houses, informing viewers of his death. A large number of his fans burst into tears and ran out of the buildings, while many continued to watch the movie, refusing to believe it and taking it for an ingenious promotion for some upcoming project.Jayan's body was taken to Trivandrum via aeroplane and later it was taken to his home in Quilon, where he was cremated. Thousands paid homage to the actor, and the police had to take huge measures to deal with the crowds. His mother Bharathiyamma became bedridden", "deal with the crowds. His mother Bharathiyamma became bedridden after this incident, and she too died two years later. Soman Nair, his younger brother, died in 1999.\nSome conspiracy theories emerged regarding the circumstances of his death, primarily because the pilot and his co-star Balan K. Nair, who was in the helicopter, survived with minor or no injuries. Nevertheless, it has been confirmed as a genuine accident.\n\nAftermath\nAfter Jayan's death, several films were released claiming to be his last film, including the genuine one, Kolilakkam. In all these films, Jayan's voice was dubbed by Alleppey Ashraf, a popular impressionist of the time. Many", "his home.\nJayan memorial club and a Jayan memorial National highway waiting shed consisting of all Jayan film names and pics built by fans in Thrissur.\nJayan's Wax statue is unveiled at the Sunil Wax Museum in the state capital of Thiruvananthapuram in 2022.\n\nIn media\nMedia on Jayan\nA book titled Jayan Americayil? (Jayan in America?) came out in 1981 and had record sales at the time. It circulated the rumour that Jayan was alive in America with an injured eye and that it was a look-alike who was killed in the accident.\nAnother book Jayante Maranam Kolapathakamo (Jayan's death, a murder) was also" ]

[ "Where did Jayan die?", "Jayan died in Sholavaram, near Madras, Tamil Nadu.", "How did Jayan die?", "On 16 November 1980, Jayan was killed in an accident involving a helicopter on the set of the movie Kolilakkam.", "Are there any details on the accident that killed Jayan?", "Jayan insisted on another re-take as he was not satisfied with its perfection. During the re-take, the helicopter lost its balance and crashed along with Jayan." ]

[ "Tamil Nadu. Jayan always performed his own stunts, and for this movie he was performing a rather dangerous stunt that involved him boarding an airborne helicopter from a moving motorbike driven by Sukumaran. The shot was accepted by the director in the first take; Nonetheless, another three shots were filmed.\nAccording to the film's production executive, Jayan insisted on yet another re-take as he was not satisfied with its perfection. During the re-take, the helicopter lost its balance and crashed along with Jayan who was hanging onto the landing skids, and he later succumbed to his injuries.\nAfter his death was confirmed, a slide was added during the theatre show", "three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered as the first and best action star of Malayalam cinema, so far, besides his trademark colourful attire, risky stunts, machismo mannerisms and unique speaking style. He has rightly won immortality in the hearts of the Malayalam film fans as a martyr in his yearning to thrill and entertain them even by putting his life at stake. Madhu, a famous actor prominent in the 1960s, once stated in an interview: \"Jayan will forever be young and alive. No one can ever visualise him as an old man.\"\nA film titled Avatharam presently under production, is attempting to bring back his", "renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo image. These were claimed to honour his memories, but were also criticised for parodying the legendary actor years after his death.\n\nEarly life\nJayan was born in Quilon, Travancore as the first child of his father Thevalli Kottaram Veetil Madhavan Pillai and mother Bharathiyamma. His birth name was Krishnan Nair. He had a younger brother named Soman Nair. Malayalam actress Jayabharathi, who was his first cousin introduced him to the film industry. Jayan's formal education ended at the 10th grade at Kollam Govt. Boys High School when he joined the Indian Navy.He was", "he broke through a brick wall riding on a motorbike (a Royal Enfield Bullet) and it also featured sequences that had the actor sliding along ropes tied at high elevations. Perhaps the most famous movie stunt featuring Jayan came in Chandrahasam (\"Moonsword\", 1980) in which he held on to the UV clamp of a massive ship crane and was elevated to a height of around 200 feet before jumping off to the top of the vessel. In one of his final stunt scenes, in Ariyappedatha Rahasyam (\"Secret never known\", 1981) he was involved in a fight scene with an elephant.\n\nInfluence on Malayalam cinema\nThe meteoric rise of", "years 1979, 1980 and 1981 became known as \"Jayan years\" in the industry due to the widespread release and success of his movies. His films Sharapancharam and Angadi, released in 1979 and 1980 respectively, were record breakers and became the highest grossers of their respective years. His final film, Kolilakkam was the highest grosser in 1981. The noteworthy point is that a large percentage of films released during his peak years lacked a strong plot and were mostly cheap low budget remakes of successful movies from other language sectors of Indian cinema. Many of these films came out astoundingly successful due to his sheer presence and some avoided failures", "his Elvis bellbottoms), his masculine image and later the nature of his death transformed him into a legendary pop culture icon in Kerala. Jayan was also known for his unique method of dialogue delivery and he has contributed many memorable lines to the Malayalam film history.\n\nMultistar films\nJayan acted in several ensemble cast movies, mostly with Prem Nazir. The duo acted in films such as Naayattu, Love in Singapore, Chandrahasam, Thacholi Ambu, Kannappanunni, Paalattu Kunjikkannan, Maamaankam, Prabhu etc. all of which were top-grossing movies at the box office. He also acted with other popular actors of the time, such as" ]

[ "Tamil Nadu. Jayan always performed his own stunts, and for this movie he was performing a rather dangerous stunt that involved him boarding an airborne helicopter from a moving motorbike driven by Sukumaran. The shot was accepted by the director in the first take; Nonetheless, another three shots were filmed.\nAccording to the film's production executive, Jayan insisted on yet another re-take as he was not satisfied with its perfection. During the re-take, the helicopter lost its balance and crashed along with Jayan who was hanging onto the landing skids, and he later succumbed to his injuries.\nAfter his death was confirmed, a slide was added during the theatre show" ]

[ "in Naayattu, which was very unlikely for a superstar of those times. He had agreed to do this as a token of friendship with Jayan and the director Sreekumaran Thambi. The duo acted together many action films such as Irumbazhikal, Love in Singapore etc. where the box office draw was huge.\n\nDeath\nIn the peak of his career, on 16 November 1980, Jayan died in an accident on the set of the movie Kolilakkam (transl. Shockwave) at the age of 41. The climactic scene of the movie was being filmed in Sholavaram, near Madras, Tamil Nadu. Jayan always performed his own stunts, and for", "deal with the crowds. His mother Bharathiyamma became bedridden after this incident, and she too died two years later. Soman Nair, his younger brother, died in 1999.\nSome conspiracy theories emerged regarding the circumstances of his death, primarily because the pilot and his co-star Balan K. Nair, who was in the helicopter, survived with minor or no injuries. Nevertheless, it has been confirmed as a genuine accident.\n\nAftermath\nAfter Jayan's death, several films were released claiming to be his last film, including the genuine one, Kolilakkam. In all these films, Jayan's voice was dubbed by Alleppey Ashraf, a popular impressionist of the time. Many" ]

[ "Where did Jayan die?", "Jayan died in Sholavaram, near Madras, Tamil Nadu.", "How did Jayan die?", "On 16 November 1980, Jayan was killed in an accident involving a helicopter on the set of the movie Kolilakkam.", "Are there any details on the accident that killed Jayan?", "Jayan insisted on another re-take as he was not satisfied with its perfection. During the re-take, the helicopter lost its balance and crashed along with Jayan.", "Was this a stunt Jayan was performing?", "Jayan always performed his own stunts, and for this movie he was performing a particularly dangerous stunt that involved him boarding an airborne helicopter from a moving motorbike.", "Was Kolilakkam ever released?", "Yes, Kolilakkam is a 1981 Malayalam disaster drama film, written and directed by P. N. Sundaram, and starring Jayan." ]

[ "death was confirmed, a slide was added during the theatre show of his movie Deepam, which was running in packed houses, informing viewers of his death. A large number of his fans burst into tears and ran out of the buildings, while many continued to watch the movie, refusing to believe it and taking it for an ingenious promotion for some upcoming project.Jayan's body was taken to Trivandrum via aeroplane and later it was taken to his home in Quilon, where he was cremated. Thousands paid homage to the actor, and the police had to take huge measures to deal with the crowds. His mother Bharathiyamma became bedridden", "three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered as the first and best action star of Malayalam cinema, so far, besides his trademark colourful attire, risky stunts, machismo mannerisms and unique speaking style. He has rightly won immortality in the hearts of the Malayalam film fans as a martyr in his yearning to thrill and entertain them even by putting his life at stake. Madhu, a famous actor prominent in the 1960s, once stated in an interview: \"Jayan will forever be young and alive. No one can ever visualise him as an old man.\"\nA film titled Avatharam presently under production, is attempting to bring back his", "Tamil Nadu. Jayan always performed his own stunts, and for this movie he was performing a rather dangerous stunt that involved him boarding an airborne helicopter from a moving motorbike driven by Sukumaran. The shot was accepted by the director in the first take; Nonetheless, another three shots were filmed.\nAccording to the film's production executive, Jayan insisted on yet another re-take as he was not satisfied with its perfection. During the re-take, the helicopter lost its balance and crashed along with Jayan who was hanging onto the landing skids, and he later succumbed to his injuries.\nAfter his death was confirmed, a slide was added during the theatre show", "he broke through a brick wall riding on a motorbike (a Royal Enfield Bullet) and it also featured sequences that had the actor sliding along ropes tied at high elevations. Perhaps the most famous movie stunt featuring Jayan came in Chandrahasam (\"Moonsword\", 1980) in which he held on to the UV clamp of a massive ship crane and was elevated to a height of around 200 feet before jumping off to the top of the vessel. In one of his final stunt scenes, in Ariyappedatha Rahasyam (\"Secret never known\", 1981) he was involved in a fight scene with an elephant.\n\nInfluence on Malayalam cinema\nThe meteoric rise of", "his home.\nJayan memorial club and a Jayan memorial National highway waiting shed consisting of all Jayan film names and pics built by fans in Thrissur.\nJayan's Wax statue is unveiled at the Sunil Wax Museum in the state capital of Thiruvananthapuram in 2022.\n\nIn media\nMedia on Jayan\nA book titled Jayan Americayil? (Jayan in America?) came out in 1981 and had record sales at the time. It circulated the rumour that Jayan was alive in America with an injured eye and that it was a look-alike who was killed in the accident.\nAnother book Jayante Maranam Kolapathakamo (Jayan's death, a murder) was also", "renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo image. These were claimed to honour his memories, but were also criticised for parodying the legendary actor years after his death.\n\nEarly life\nJayan was born in Quilon, Travancore as the first child of his father Thevalli Kottaram Veetil Madhavan Pillai and mother Bharathiyamma. His birth name was Krishnan Nair. He had a younger brother named Soman Nair. Malayalam actress Jayabharathi, who was his first cousin introduced him to the film industry. Jayan's formal education ended at the 10th grade at Kollam Govt. Boys High School when he joined the Indian Navy.He was", "years 1979, 1980 and 1981 became known as \"Jayan years\" in the industry due to the widespread release and success of his movies. His films Sharapancharam and Angadi, released in 1979 and 1980 respectively, were record breakers and became the highest grossers of their respective years. His final film, Kolilakkam was the highest grosser in 1981. The noteworthy point is that a large percentage of films released during his peak years lacked a strong plot and were mostly cheap low budget remakes of successful movies from other language sectors of Indian cinema. Many of these films came out astoundingly successful due to his sheer presence and some avoided failures", "his Elvis bellbottoms), his masculine image and later the nature of his death transformed him into a legendary pop culture icon in Kerala. Jayan was also known for his unique method of dialogue delivery and he has contributed many memorable lines to the Malayalam film history.\n\nMultistar films\nJayan acted in several ensemble cast movies, mostly with Prem Nazir. The duo acted in films such as Naayattu, Love in Singapore, Chandrahasam, Thacholi Ambu, Kannappanunni, Paalattu Kunjikkannan, Maamaankam, Prabhu etc. all of which were top-grossing movies at the box office. He also acted with other popular actors of the time, such as" ]

[ "death was confirmed, a slide was added during the theatre show of his movie Deepam, which was running in packed houses, informing viewers of his death. A large number of his fans burst into tears and ran out of the buildings, while many continued to watch the movie, refusing to believe it and taking it for an ingenious promotion for some upcoming project.Jayan's body was taken to Trivandrum via aeroplane and later it was taken to his home in Quilon, where he was cremated. Thousands paid homage to the actor, and the police had to take huge measures to deal with the crowds. His mother Bharathiyamma became bedridden" ]

[ "This includes fiscal conservatism, limited government, and classic libertarianism on social issues. Sullivan opposes government involvement with respect to sexual and consensual matters between adults, such as the use of marijuana and prostitution. He believes recognition of same-sex marriage is a civil-rights issue but expressed willingness to promote it on a state-by-state legislative federalism basis, rather than trying to judicially impose the change. Most of Sullivan's disputes with other conservatives have been over social issues and the handling of postwar Iraq.\nSullivan gave out yearly \"awards\" for various public statements, parodying those of the people the awards were named after. Throughout the year, nominees were mentioned in", "his conservatism is rooted in his Catholic background and in the ideas of the British political philosopher Michael Oakeshott. In 2003, he wrote he was no longer able to support the American conservative movement, as he was disaffected with the Republican Party's continued rightward shift towards social conservatism on social issues during the George W. Bush era.Born and raised in Britain, he has lived in the United States since 1984 and currently resides in Washington, D.C., and Provincetown, Massachusetts. He is openly gay and a practicing Catholic.\n\nEarly life and education\nSullivan was born in South Godstone, Surrey, England, into a Catholic family of Irish", "2014, Sullivan opposed calls to remove Brendan Eich as CEO of Mozilla for donating to the campaign for Proposition 8, which made same-sex marriage illegal in California. In 2015, he claimed that \"gay equality\" had been achieved in the United States through the persuasive arguments of \"old-fashioned liberalism\" rather than by the activism of \"identity politics leftism.\"\n\nTransgender issues\nIn 2007, he said he was \"no big supporter\" of the Employment Non-Discrimination Act, arguing that it would \"not make much of a difference.\" However, he said, the \"gay rights establishment\" was making a tactical error to insist on including protections for gender identity, as he believed", "and in February 2017 he began writing a weekly column, \"Interesting Times\", for the magazine.On July 19, 2020, following the unexplained absence of his column for June 5, Sullivan announced that he would no longer write for New York. He announced he would be reviving The Dish as a newsletter, The Weekly Dish, hosted by Substack.\n\nPolitics\nSullivan describes himself as a conservative and is the author of The Conservative Soul. He has supported a number of traditional libertarian positions, favouring limited government and opposing social interventionist measures such as affirmative action. However, on a number of controversial public issues, including same-sex marriage, social security, progressive taxation,", "public issues, including same-sex marriage, social security, progressive taxation, anti-discrimination laws, the Affordable Care Act, the United States government's use of torture, and capital punishment, he has taken positions not typically shared by conservatives in the United States. In July 2012, Sullivan said that \"the catastrophe of the Bush–Cheney years ... all but exploded the logic of neoconservatism and its domestic partner-in-crime, supply-side economics.\"One of the most important intellectual and political influences on Sullivan is Michael Oakeshott. Sullivan describes Oakeshott's thought as \"an anti-ideology, a nonprogramme, a way of looking at the world whose most perfect expression might be called", "been a daily user of marijuana since 2001.On May 26, 2023, Sullivan announced on his blog that he and his husband, Aaron Tone, divorced the previous week.\n\nWorks\nAs authorVirtually Normal: An Argument About Homosexuality (1995). Knopf. ISBN 0-679-42382-6.\nLove Undetectable: Notes on Friendship, Sex and Survival (1998). Knopf. ISBN 0-679-45119-6.\nThe Conservative Soul: How We Lost It, How to Get It Back (2006). HarperCollins. ISBN 0-06-018877-4.\nIntimations Pursued: The Voice of Practice in the Conversation of Michael Oakeshott (2007). Imprint Academic. ISBN 978-0-907845-28-7\nOut on a Limb: Selected Writing, 1989–2021", "by Lisa Littman that proposed a socially mediated subtype of gender dysphoria that Littman had termed \"rapid onset gender dysphoria\". In April 2021, he said it should be illegal for doctors to initiate cross-sex hormones for children under 16 or sex reassignment surgery for children under 18.\n\nRecognitions\nIn 1996, Sullivan's book, Virtually Normal: An Argument about Homosexuality, won the 1996 Mencken Award for Best Book, presented by the Free Press Association. In 2006, Sullivan was named an LGBT History Month icon.\n\nForeign policy\nSullivan supported the 2003 invasion of Iraq by the United States and was initially hawkish in the war on terror, arguing that weakness would", "announced that The Dish would be revived as a weekly feature, including a column and podcast; he published there and elsewhere a notable obituary of Queen Elizabeth II.\n\nPersonal life\nIn 2001, it came to light that Sullivan had posted anonymous online advertisements for unprotected anal sex, preferably with \"other HIV-positive men\". He was widely criticised in the media for this, with some critics noting that he had condemned President Bill Clinton's \"incautious behavior\", though others wrote in his defence.In 2003, Sullivan wrote a Salon article identifying himself as a member of the gay \"bear community\". On 27 August 2007, he married Aaron Tone in Provincetown, Massachusetts.Sullivan", "to insist on including protections for gender identity, as he believed it would be easier to pass the bill without transgender people.In a September 2019 Intelligencer column, Sullivan expressed concern that gender-nonconforming children (especially those who are likely one day to come out as gay) might be encouraged to believe that they are transgender when they are not. In November 2019, Sullivan wrote another Intelligencer column on young women who, in their teens, had begun to transition to live as men but who later detransitioned. In that article, he discussed the controversy over a 2018 journal article by Lisa Littman that proposed a socially mediated subtype of gender", "his blog, and said he had expected that his criticisms would eventually anger Raines.Sullivan has also worked as a columnist for The Sunday Times of London.Ross Douthat and Tyler Cowen have suggested that Sullivan is the most influential political writer of his generation, particularly because of his very early and strident support for same-sex marriage, his early political blog, his support of the Iraq War, and his subsequent support of Barack Obama's presidential candidacy.After the cessation of his long-running blog, The Dish, in 2015, Sullivan wrote regularly for New York during the 2016 presidential election, and in February 2017 he began writing a weekly column, \"Interesting" ]

[]

[]

[ "of being racist and calling white people \"subhuman\". Sullivan also accused Jeong of spreading eliminationist rhetoric; a belief that political opponents are a societal cancer that should be separated, censored or exterminated.\n\nLGBT issues\nHIV\nIn 1996, discussing HIV, he argued in the New York Times Magazine that \"this plague is over\" insofar as \"it no longer signifies death. It merely signifies illness.\" This led to \"a trend of white male journalists proclaiming that AIDS is over\", according to Sarah Schulman.\n\nGay issues\nSullivan, like Marshall Kirk, Hunter Madsen, and Bruce Bawer, has been described by Urvashi Vaid as a proponent of \"legitimation\", seeing the" ]

[ "of being racist and calling white people \"subhuman\". Sullivan also accused Jeong of spreading eliminationist rhetoric; a belief that political opponents are a societal cancer that should be separated, censored or exterminated.\n\nLGBT issues\nHIV\nIn 1996, discussing HIV, he argued in the New York Times Magazine that \"this plague is over\" insofar as \"it no longer signifies death. It merely signifies illness.\" This led to \"a trend of white male journalists proclaiming that AIDS is over\", according to Sarah Schulman.\n\nGay issues\nSullivan, like Marshall Kirk, Hunter Madsen, and Bruce Bawer, has been described by Urvashi Vaid as a proponent of \"legitimation\", seeing the", "his opinions to suit the whims of the moment. He has written, \"A true conservative—who is, above all, an anti-ideologue—will often be attacked for alleged inconsistency, for changing positions, for promising change but not a radical break with the past, for pursuing two objectives—like liberty and authority, or change and continuity—that seem to all ideologues as completely contradictory.\"As a youth, Sullivan was a fervent supporter of Margaret Thatcher and later Ronald Reagan. He says of that time, \"What really made me a right-winger was seeing the left use the state to impose egalitarianism—on my school\", after the Labour government in Britain", "This includes fiscal conservatism, limited government, and classic libertarianism on social issues. Sullivan opposes government involvement with respect to sexual and consensual matters between adults, such as the use of marijuana and prostitution. He believes recognition of same-sex marriage is a civil-rights issue but expressed willingness to promote it on a state-by-state legislative federalism basis, rather than trying to judicially impose the change. Most of Sullivan's disputes with other conservatives have been over social issues and the handling of postwar Iraq.\nSullivan gave out yearly \"awards\" for various public statements, parodying those of the people the awards were named after. Throughout the year, nominees were mentioned in", "public issues, including same-sex marriage, social security, progressive taxation, anti-discrimination laws, the Affordable Care Act, the United States government's use of torture, and capital punishment, he has taken positions not typically shared by conservatives in the United States. In July 2012, Sullivan said that \"the catastrophe of the Bush–Cheney years ... all but exploded the logic of neoconservatism and its domestic partner-in-crime, supply-side economics.\"One of the most important intellectual and political influences on Sullivan is Michael Oakeshott. Sullivan describes Oakeshott's thought as \"an anti-ideology, a nonprogramme, a way of looking at the world whose most perfect expression might be called", "2014, Sullivan opposed calls to remove Brendan Eich as CEO of Mozilla for donating to the campaign for Proposition 8, which made same-sex marriage illegal in California. In 2015, he claimed that \"gay equality\" had been achieved in the United States through the persuasive arguments of \"old-fashioned liberalism\" rather than by the activism of \"identity politics leftism.\"\n\nTransgender issues\nIn 2007, he said he was \"no big supporter\" of the Employment Non-Discrimination Act, arguing that it would \"not make much of a difference.\" However, he said, the \"gay rights establishment\" was making a tactical error to insist on including protections for gender identity, as he believed", "He wrote that Benedict was opposed to the modern world and women's rights, and considered gays and lesbians innately disposed to evil. Sullivan has, however, agreed with Benedict's assertion that reason is an integral element of faith.\nSullivan takes a moderate approach to religion, rejecting fundamentalism and describing himself as a \"dogged defender of pluralism and secularism\". He defended religious moderates in a series of exchanges with atheist author Sam Harris.\n\nBlogging\nIn late 2000, Sullivan began his blog, The Daily Dish. The core principle of the blog has been the style of conservatism he views as traditional. This includes fiscal conservatism, limited government, and classic libertarianism", "and in February 2017 he began writing a weekly column, \"Interesting Times\", for the magazine.On July 19, 2020, following the unexplained absence of his column for June 5, Sullivan announced that he would no longer write for New York. He announced he would be reviving The Dish as a newsletter, The Weekly Dish, hosted by Substack.\n\nPolitics\nSullivan describes himself as a conservative and is the author of The Conservative Soul. He has supported a number of traditional libertarian positions, favouring limited government and opposing social interventionist measures such as affirmative action. However, on a number of controversial public issues, including same-sex marriage, social security, progressive taxation,", "by Lisa Littman that proposed a socially mediated subtype of gender dysphoria that Littman had termed \"rapid onset gender dysphoria\". In April 2021, he said it should be illegal for doctors to initiate cross-sex hormones for children under 16 or sex reassignment surgery for children under 18.\n\nRecognitions\nIn 1996, Sullivan's book, Virtually Normal: An Argument about Homosexuality, won the 1996 Mencken Award for Best Book, presented by the Free Press Association. In 2006, Sullivan was named an LGBT History Month icon.\n\nForeign policy\nSullivan supported the 2003 invasion of Iraq by the United States and was initially hawkish in the war on terror, arguing that weakness would", "his conservatism is rooted in his Catholic background and in the ideas of the British political philosopher Michael Oakeshott. In 2003, he wrote he was no longer able to support the American conservative movement, as he was disaffected with the Republican Party's continued rightward shift towards social conservatism on social issues during the George W. Bush era.Born and raised in Britain, he has lived in the United States since 1984 and currently resides in Washington, D.C., and Provincetown, Massachusetts. He is openly gay and a practicing Catholic.\n\nEarly life and education\nSullivan was born in South Godstone, Surrey, England, into a Catholic family of Irish", "Nick Gillespie and Conor Friedersdorf have credited Breitbart with bringing new voices to debates about politics and culture. Breitbart told Reason in 2004 that, after feeling ignored by existing outlets, \"We decided to go out and create our media.\" Described as \"a series of do-it-yourself demonstration projects\" and \"conversation pits\", the Breitbart websites have been both criticized and praised for their role in various political issues. Breitbart has been recognized for adopting an inclusive stance with regard to the participation of gay people in the conservative movement. He has also been credited with helping to derail conspiracy theories about Barack Obama's citizenship.In 1995, Breitbart" ]

[ "What was Andrew Sullivan's involvement in LGBT issues?", "Andrew Sullivan has been described as a proponent of legitimation, seeing the objective of the gay rights movement as being mainstreaming gay and lesbian people rather than radical social change." ]

[]

[ "Urvashi Vaid as a proponent of \"legitimation\", seeing the objective of the gay rights movement as being \"mainstreaming gay and lesbian people\" rather than \"radical social change\". Sullivan wrote the first major article in the United States advocating for gay people to be given the right to marry, published in The New Republic in 1989. According to one columnist for Intelligent Life, many on \"the gay left,\" aiming to alter social codes of sexuality for everyone, were chagrined at Sullivan's endorsement of the \"assimilation\" of gay people into \"straight culture.\" In the wake of the United States Supreme Court rulings on same-sex marriage in 2013" ]

[ "Urvashi Vaid as a proponent of \"legitimation\", seeing the objective of the gay rights movement as being \"mainstreaming gay and lesbian people\" rather than \"radical social change\". Sullivan wrote the first major article in the United States advocating for gay people to be given the right to marry, published in The New Republic in 1989. According to one columnist for Intelligent Life, many on \"the gay left,\" aiming to alter social codes of sexuality for everyone, were chagrined at Sullivan's endorsement of the \"assimilation\" of gay people into \"straight culture.\" In the wake of the United States Supreme Court rulings on same-sex marriage in 2013", "of being racist and calling white people \"subhuman\". Sullivan also accused Jeong of spreading eliminationist rhetoric; a belief that political opponents are a societal cancer that should be separated, censored or exterminated.\n\nLGBT issues\nHIV\nIn 1996, discussing HIV, he argued in the New York Times Magazine that \"this plague is over\" insofar as \"it no longer signifies death. It merely signifies illness.\" This led to \"a trend of white male journalists proclaiming that AIDS is over\", according to Sarah Schulman.\n\nGay issues\nSullivan, like Marshall Kirk, Hunter Madsen, and Bruce Bawer, has been described by Urvashi Vaid as a proponent of \"legitimation\", seeing the" ]

[ "What was Andrew Sullivan's involvement in LGBT issues?", "Andrew Sullivan has been described as a proponent of legitimation, seeing the objective of the gay rights movement as being mainstreaming gay and lesbian people rather than radical social change.", "How exactly did Andrew Sullivan get involved?", "Andrew Sullivan wrote the first major article in the United States advocating for gay people to be given the right to marry.", "Was Andrew Sullivan's article published?", "Andrew Sullivan's article was published in The New Republic in 1989." ]

[ "2014, Sullivan opposed calls to remove Brendan Eich as CEO of Mozilla for donating to the campaign for Proposition 8, which made same-sex marriage illegal in California. In 2015, he claimed that \"gay equality\" had been achieved in the United States through the persuasive arguments of \"old-fashioned liberalism\" rather than by the activism of \"identity politics leftism.\"\n\nTransgender issues\nIn 2007, he said he was \"no big supporter\" of the Employment Non-Discrimination Act, arguing that it would \"not make much of a difference.\" However, he said, the \"gay rights establishment\" was making a tactical error to insist on including protections for gender identity, as he believed", "This includes fiscal conservatism, limited government, and classic libertarianism on social issues. Sullivan opposes government involvement with respect to sexual and consensual matters between adults, such as the use of marijuana and prostitution. He believes recognition of same-sex marriage is a civil-rights issue but expressed willingness to promote it on a state-by-state legislative federalism basis, rather than trying to judicially impose the change. Most of Sullivan's disputes with other conservatives have been over social issues and the handling of postwar Iraq.\nSullivan gave out yearly \"awards\" for various public statements, parodying those of the people the awards were named after. Throughout the year, nominees were mentioned in", "and in February 2017 he began writing a weekly column, \"Interesting Times\", for the magazine.On July 19, 2020, following the unexplained absence of his column for June 5, Sullivan announced that he would no longer write for New York. He announced he would be reviving The Dish as a newsletter, The Weekly Dish, hosted by Substack.\n\nPolitics\nSullivan describes himself as a conservative and is the author of The Conservative Soul. He has supported a number of traditional libertarian positions, favouring limited government and opposing social interventionist measures such as affirmative action. However, on a number of controversial public issues, including same-sex marriage, social security, progressive taxation,", "by Lisa Littman that proposed a socially mediated subtype of gender dysphoria that Littman had termed \"rapid onset gender dysphoria\". In April 2021, he said it should be illegal for doctors to initiate cross-sex hormones for children under 16 or sex reassignment surgery for children under 18.\n\nRecognitions\nIn 1996, Sullivan's book, Virtually Normal: An Argument about Homosexuality, won the 1996 Mencken Award for Best Book, presented by the Free Press Association. In 2006, Sullivan was named an LGBT History Month icon.\n\nForeign policy\nSullivan supported the 2003 invasion of Iraq by the United States and was initially hawkish in the war on terror, arguing that weakness would", "He wrote that Benedict was opposed to the modern world and women's rights, and considered gays and lesbians innately disposed to evil. Sullivan has, however, agreed with Benedict's assertion that reason is an integral element of faith.\nSullivan takes a moderate approach to religion, rejecting fundamentalism and describing himself as a \"dogged defender of pluralism and secularism\". He defended religious moderates in a series of exchanges with atheist author Sam Harris.\n\nBlogging\nIn late 2000, Sullivan began his blog, The Daily Dish. The core principle of the blog has been the style of conservatism he views as traditional. This includes fiscal conservatism, limited government, and classic libertarianism", "his opinions to suit the whims of the moment. He has written, \"A true conservative—who is, above all, an anti-ideologue—will often be attacked for alleged inconsistency, for changing positions, for promising change but not a radical break with the past, for pursuing two objectives—like liberty and authority, or change and continuity—that seem to all ideologues as completely contradictory.\"As a youth, Sullivan was a fervent supporter of Margaret Thatcher and later Ronald Reagan. He says of that time, \"What really made me a right-winger was seeing the left use the state to impose egalitarianism—on my school\", after the Labour government in Britain", "his blog, and said he had expected that his criticisms would eventually anger Raines.Sullivan has also worked as a columnist for The Sunday Times of London.Ross Douthat and Tyler Cowen have suggested that Sullivan is the most influential political writer of his generation, particularly because of his very early and strident support for same-sex marriage, his early political blog, his support of the Iraq War, and his subsequent support of Barack Obama's presidential candidacy.After the cessation of his long-running blog, The Dish, in 2015, Sullivan wrote regularly for New York during the 2016 presidential election, and in February 2017 he began writing a weekly column, \"Interesting", "Andrew Michael Sullivan (born 10 August 1963) is a British-American author, editor, and blogger. Sullivan is a political commentator, a former editor of The New Republic, and the author or editor of six books. He started a political blog, The Daily Dish, in 2000, and eventually moved his blog to platforms, including Time, The Atlantic, The Daily Beast, and finally an independent subscription-based format. He announced his retirement from blogging in 2015. From 2016 to 2020, Sullivan was a writer-at-large at New York. His newsletter The Weekly Dish was launched in July 2020.Sullivan has stated that his conservatism is rooted in his Catholic background and in" ]

[ "2014, Sullivan opposed calls to remove Brendan Eich as CEO of Mozilla for donating to the campaign for Proposition 8, which made same-sex marriage illegal in California. In 2015, he claimed that \"gay equality\" had been achieved in the United States through the persuasive arguments of \"old-fashioned liberalism\" rather than by the activism of \"identity politics leftism.\"\n\nTransgender issues\nIn 2007, he said he was \"no big supporter\" of the Employment Non-Discrimination Act, arguing that it would \"not make much of a difference.\" However, he said, the \"gay rights establishment\" was making a tactical error to insist on including protections for gender identity, as he believed" ]

[ "Godstone, Surrey, England, into a Catholic family of Irish descent, and was brought up in the nearby town of East Grinstead, West Sussex. He was educated at a Catholic primary school followed by Reigate Grammar School, where his classmates included future Labour Party leader Keir Starmer and future Conservative member of the House of Lords Andrew Cooper. He won a scholarship in 1981 to Magdalen College, Oxford, where he was awarded a first-class Bachelor of Arts in modern history and modern languages. He founded the Pooh Stick Society at Oxford, and in his second year, he was elected President of the Oxford Union for Trinity term 1983.After writing", "May.Bradman was of English heritage on both sides of his family. His grandfather Charles Andrew Bradman had left Withersfield, Suffolk, for Australia. In 1930, when he played at Cambridge during his first tour of England, 21-year-old Bradman took the opportunity to trace his forebears in the region. Bradman was also partly of Italian lineage; one of his great-grandfathers had been one of the first Italians to migrate to Australia in 1826.Bradman's parents lived in the hamlet of Yeo Yeo, near Stockinbingal. His mother, Emily, gave birth to him at the Cootamundra home of Granny Scholz, a midwife, which is now the", "elected President of the Oxford Union for Trinity term 1983.After writing briefly for a newspaper, Sullivan won scholarship in 1984 to Harvard University, where he earned a Master of Public Administration in 1986 from the John F. Kennedy School of Government, followed by a Doctor of Philosophy degree in government from Harvard in 1990. His dissertation was titled Intimations Pursued: The Voice of Practice in the Conversation of Michael Oakeshott.\n\nCareer\nSullivan first wrote for The Daily Telegraph on American politics. In 1986, Sullivan went to work for The New Republic magazine initially on a summer internship; among the most significant articles he wrote were \"Gay Life Gay Death\", an essay on", "was born on 13 March 1960 in Chinnor, Oxfordshire, England. His father was a pilot with the Royal Air Force who moved into civil aviation, and his mother was a former airline stewardess. When Clayton was four years old, his father worked in Kenya as a pilot with East African Airways, with the family residing in Nairobi; Clayton regards this as the happiest period of his childhood. In 1965, the family moved to Malahide, northern County Dublin, Ireland, where Clayton's brother Sebastian was born. The Clayton family became friends with the Evans family (including their son David Evans (\"The Edge\"), who later co-founded the band U2 with", "Sullivan at IMDb\nAndrew Sullivan collected news and commentary at The New York Times\nWorld's Best Blogger?, Harvard Magazine, May–June 2011", "as a member of Van Halen in 2007.\n\nEarly years\nAnthony got his interest in music from his trumpeter father, and played the same instrument in his youth.Anthony was partly raised in Chicago. The family moved to California twice in Anthony's early years, settling in 1966 in Arcadia, California (Arcadia being located next to Pasadena, where Alex and Edward Van Halen, with whom Anthony would later play in the band, were raised). Anthony attended Dana Junior High School, in Arcadia, California, from 1967 to 1969. Anthony was in the marching band at the school. He ran track in junior high and also showed promise in baseball, as a catcher, but" ]

[ "Where was Andrew Sullivan born?", "Andrew Sullivan was born in South Godstone, Surrey, England into a Roman Catholic family of Irish descent, and was brought up in the nearby town of East Grinstead, West Sussex.", "When was Andrew Sullivan born?", "Andrew Sullivan was born on August 10, 1963.", "Did Andrew Sullivan have any siblings?", "No, Andrew Sullivan does not have any siblings.", "Where did Andrew Sullivan go to school?", "Andrew Sullivan was educated at Reigate Grammar School and Magdalen College, Oxford, where he was awarded a first-class Bachelor of Arts in modern history and modern languages." ]

[ "27 August 2007, he married Aaron Tone in Provincetown, Massachusetts.Sullivan was a friend of late journalist Christopher Hitchens.Sullivan was barred for many years from applying for United States citizenship because of his HIV-positive status. Following the statutory and administrative repeals of the HIV immigration ban in 2008 and 2009, respectively, he announced his intention to begin the process of becoming a permanent resident and citizen. On The Chris Matthews Show on 16 April 2011, Sullivan confirmed that he had become a permanent resident, showing his green card. On 1 December 2016, Sullivan became a naturalised US citizen.He has been a daily user of marijuana since 2001.On May 26,", "his opinions to suit the whims of the moment. He has written, \"A true conservative—who is, above all, an anti-ideologue—will often be attacked for alleged inconsistency, for changing positions, for promising change but not a radical break with the past, for pursuing two objectives—like liberty and authority, or change and continuity—that seem to all ideologues as completely contradictory.\"As a youth, Sullivan was a fervent supporter of Margaret Thatcher and later Ronald Reagan. He says of that time, \"What really made me a right-winger was seeing the left use the state to impose egalitarianism—on my school\", after the Labour government in Britain", "Andrew Michael Sullivan (born 10 August 1963) is a British-American author, editor, and blogger. Sullivan is a political commentator, a former editor of The New Republic, and the author or editor of six books. He started a political blog, The Daily Dish, in 2000, and eventually moved his blog to platforms, including Time, The Atlantic, The Daily Beast, and finally an independent subscription-based format. He announced his retirement from blogging in 2015. From 2016 to 2020, Sullivan was a writer-at-large at New York. His newsletter The Weekly Dish was launched in July 2020.Sullivan has stated that his conservatism is rooted in his Catholic background and in", "(\"The Edge\"), who later co-founded the band U2 with Clayton).When he was eight years old, Clayton was sent to the private junior boarding Castle Park School in Dalkey, southern County Dublin. Not being sports-oriented, Clayton did not enjoy the school or respond well to its ethos; he found it difficult to settle socially there. He was interested in pop music, which students were not allowed to listen to. He joined the School's \"Gramphone Society\", which met to listen to classical music. He also took piano lessons for a short time. His introduction to the world of popular music was around age 10, listening to rock operas" ]

[ "27 August 2007, he married Aaron Tone in Provincetown, Massachusetts.Sullivan was a friend of late journalist Christopher Hitchens.Sullivan was barred for many years from applying for United States citizenship because of his HIV-positive status. Following the statutory and administrative repeals of the HIV immigration ban in 2008 and 2009, respectively, he announced his intention to begin the process of becoming a permanent resident and citizen. On The Chris Matthews Show on 16 April 2011, Sullivan confirmed that he had become a permanent resident, showing his green card. On 1 December 2016, Sullivan became a naturalised US citizen.He has been a daily user of marijuana since 2001.On May 26," ]

[]

[ "Where was Andrew Sullivan born?", "Andrew Sullivan was born in South Godstone, Surrey, England into a Roman Catholic family of Irish descent, and was brought up in the nearby town of East Grinstead, West Sussex.", "When was Andrew Sullivan born?", "Andrew Sullivan was born on August 10, 1963.", "Did Andrew Sullivan have any siblings?", "No, Andrew Sullivan does not have any siblings.", "Where did Andrew Sullivan go to school?", "Andrew Sullivan was educated at Reigate Grammar School and Magdalen College, Oxford, where he was awarded a first-class Bachelor of Arts in modern history and modern languages.", "What were some aspects of Andrew Sullivan's personal life?", "Andrew Sullivan was barred for many years from applying for United States citizenship because of his HIV-positive status." ]

[ "27 August 2007, he married Aaron Tone in Provincetown, Massachusetts.Sullivan was a friend of late journalist Christopher Hitchens.Sullivan was barred for many years from applying for United States citizenship because of his HIV-positive status. Following the statutory and administrative repeals of the HIV immigration ban in 2008 and 2009, respectively, he announced his intention to begin the process of becoming a permanent resident and citizen. On The Chris Matthews Show on 16 April 2011, Sullivan confirmed that he had become a permanent resident, showing his green card. On 1 December 2016, Sullivan became a naturalised US citizen.He has been a daily user of marijuana since 2001.On May 26,", "Godstone, Surrey, England, into a Catholic family of Irish descent, and was brought up in the nearby town of East Grinstead, West Sussex. He was educated at a Catholic primary school followed by Reigate Grammar School, where his classmates included future Labour Party leader Keir Starmer and future Conservative member of the House of Lords Andrew Cooper. He won a scholarship in 1981 to Magdalen College, Oxford, where he was awarded a first-class Bachelor of Arts in modern history and modern languages. He founded the Pooh Stick Society at Oxford, and in his second year, he was elected President of the Oxford Union for Trinity term 1983.After writing", "May.Bradman was of English heritage on both sides of his family. His grandfather Charles Andrew Bradman had left Withersfield, Suffolk, for Australia. In 1930, when he played at Cambridge during his first tour of England, 21-year-old Bradman took the opportunity to trace his forebears in the region. Bradman was also partly of Italian lineage; one of his great-grandfathers had been one of the first Italians to migrate to Australia in 1826.Bradman's parents lived in the hamlet of Yeo Yeo, near Stockinbingal. His mother, Emily, gave birth to him at the Cootamundra home of Granny Scholz, a midwife, which is now the", "elected President of the Oxford Union for Trinity term 1983.After writing briefly for a newspaper, Sullivan won scholarship in 1984 to Harvard University, where he earned a Master of Public Administration in 1986 from the John F. Kennedy School of Government, followed by a Doctor of Philosophy degree in government from Harvard in 1990. His dissertation was titled Intimations Pursued: The Voice of Practice in the Conversation of Michael Oakeshott.\n\nCareer\nSullivan first wrote for The Daily Telegraph on American politics. In 1986, Sullivan went to work for The New Republic magazine initially on a summer internship; among the most significant articles he wrote were \"Gay Life Gay Death\", an essay on", "Sullivan at IMDb\nAndrew Sullivan collected news and commentary at The New York Times\nWorld's Best Blogger?, Harvard Magazine, May–June 2011", "was born on 13 March 1960 in Chinnor, Oxfordshire, England. His father was a pilot with the Royal Air Force who moved into civil aviation, and his mother was a former airline stewardess. When Clayton was four years old, his father worked in Kenya as a pilot with East African Airways, with the family residing in Nairobi; Clayton regards this as the happiest period of his childhood. In 1965, the family moved to Malahide, northern County Dublin, Ireland, where Clayton's brother Sebastian was born. The Clayton family became friends with the Evans family (including their son David Evans (\"The Edge\"), who later co-founded the band U2 with", "Andrew Michael Sullivan (born 10 August 1963) is a British-American author, editor, and blogger. Sullivan is a political commentator, a former editor of The New Republic, and the author or editor of six books. He started a political blog, The Daily Dish, in 2000, and eventually moved his blog to platforms, including Time, The Atlantic, The Daily Beast, and finally an independent subscription-based format. He announced his retirement from blogging in 2015. From 2016 to 2020, Sullivan was a writer-at-large at New York. His newsletter The Weekly Dish was launched in July 2020.Sullivan has stated that his conservatism is rooted in his Catholic background and in", "his conservatism is rooted in his Catholic background and in the ideas of the British political philosopher Michael Oakeshott. In 2003, he wrote he was no longer able to support the American conservative movement, as he was disaffected with the Republican Party's continued rightward shift towards social conservatism on social issues during the George W. Bush era.Born and raised in Britain, he has lived in the United States since 1984 and currently resides in Washington, D.C., and Provincetown, Massachusetts. He is openly gay and a practicing Catholic.\n\nEarly life and education\nSullivan was born in South Godstone, Surrey, England, into a Catholic family of Irish", "his opinions to suit the whims of the moment. He has written, \"A true conservative—who is, above all, an anti-ideologue—will often be attacked for alleged inconsistency, for changing positions, for promising change but not a radical break with the past, for pursuing two objectives—like liberty and authority, or change and continuity—that seem to all ideologues as completely contradictory.\"As a youth, Sullivan was a fervent supporter of Margaret Thatcher and later Ronald Reagan. He says of that time, \"What really made me a right-winger was seeing the left use the state to impose egalitarianism—on my school\", after the Labour government in Britain", "as a member of Van Halen in 2007.\n\nEarly years\nAnthony got his interest in music from his trumpeter father, and played the same instrument in his youth.Anthony was partly raised in Chicago. The family moved to California twice in Anthony's early years, settling in 1966 in Arcadia, California (Arcadia being located next to Pasadena, where Alex and Edward Van Halen, with whom Anthony would later play in the band, were raised). Anthony attended Dana Junior High School, in Arcadia, California, from 1967 to 1969. Anthony was in the marching band at the school. He ran track in junior high and also showed promise in baseball, as a catcher, but" ]

[ "27 August 2007, he married Aaron Tone in Provincetown, Massachusetts.Sullivan was a friend of late journalist Christopher Hitchens.Sullivan was barred for many years from applying for United States citizenship because of his HIV-positive status. Following the statutory and administrative repeals of the HIV immigration ban in 2008 and 2009, respectively, he announced his intention to begin the process of becoming a permanent resident and citizen. On The Chris Matthews Show on 16 April 2011, Sullivan confirmed that he had become a permanent resident, showing his green card. On 1 December 2016, Sullivan became a naturalised US citizen.He has been a daily user of marijuana since 2001.On May 26," ]

[ "age of 10. He was raised in Texas, Los Angeles and Canada.\nHe met his longtime friend and collaborator Alex Kurtzman when both were 17-year-old students at Crossroads, a privately funded school in Santa Monica, California. The first time they came across each other was in a film class, where they discovered each other's love for films and in particular the Steven Soderbergh film Sex, Lies, and Videotape. The duo found that they had a number of things in common, as Kurtzman had previously lived in Mexico City and the two could relate. Orci later called him an \"honorary Hispanic\". Orci went on to attend the University of", "Pop Collaboration with Vocals (with Van Morrison).\n\nEarly life\nHooker's date of birth is a subject of debate; the years 1912, 1915, 1917, 1920, and 1923 have all been suggested. Most official sources list 1917, though at times Hooker stated he was born in 1920. Information found in the 1920 and 1930 censuses indicates that he was actually born in 1912. In 2017, a series of events took place to celebrate the purported centenary of his birth. In the 1920 federal census, John Hooker is seven years old and one of nine children living with William and Minnie Hooker in Tutwiler, Mississippi.\nIt is believed that he was born in", "a jazz musician in the United States.\n\nEarly years\nThielemans was born in Brussels on 29 April 1922. His parents owned a café. He began playing music at an early age, using a homemade accordion at age three. During the German occupation of Belgium beginning in 1940, he became attracted to jazz, but was then playing on a full-size accordion or a harmonica, which he taught himself to play in his teens.After being introduced to the music of Belgian-born jazz guitarist Django Reinhardt, he became inspired to teach himself guitar, which he did by listening to Reinhardt's recordings. At the time he was a college student majoring in mathematics.", "(\"The Edge\"), who later co-founded the band U2 with Clayton).When he was eight years old, Clayton was sent to the private junior boarding Castle Park School in Dalkey, southern County Dublin. Not being sports-oriented, Clayton did not enjoy the school or respond well to its ethos; he found it difficult to settle socially there. He was interested in pop music, which students were not allowed to listen to. He joined the School's \"Gramphone Society\", which met to listen to classical music. He also took piano lessons for a short time. His introduction to the world of popular music was around age 10, listening to rock operas", "October 7, 1976, to Bradley Hicks and Pamela Dickinson. He and his family moved to the suburb of Hoover when he was eight years old. His hair started turning gray by the time he was 14. His parents divorced, and stepmother Linda shared custody of their son until he came of age. Hicks has suggested his difficult childhood as the reason for his turning to soul and blues music for solace. He has a younger half-brother, Sean, who later convinced him to audition for American Idol.He bought his first harmonica when he was 16, for $2 at a flea market in Bessemer, Alabama, and taught himself to play blues harp.", "were taken during the original investigations, and 40 hours of recorded interviews of Carter by the author Ken Klonsky, who cited them in his 2011 book The Eye of the Hurricane.\n\nEarly life\nCarter was born in Clifton, New Jersey in 1937, the fourth of seven children. He later admitted to a troubled relationship with his father, a strict disciplinarian; at the age of eleven, he was sentenced to a juvenile reformatory for assault, having stabbed a man who he alleged had tried to sexually assault him. Carter escaped from the reformatory in 1954 and joined the United States Army. A few months after completing basic training at Fort Jackson, South", "that he was killed by his brother in a bloody family feud.\n\nNawar al-Awlaki\nOn January 29, 2017, Anwar al-Awlaki's 8-year-old daughter, Nawar al-Awlaki, who was an American citizen, was killed in a DEVGRU operation authorized by President Donald Trump.\n\nIslamic education\nAl-Awlaki's Islamic education was primarily informal, and consisted of intermittent months with various scholars reading and contemplating Islamic scholarly works. Despite having no religious qualifications and almost no religious education, Al-Awlaki made a name for himself as a public speaker who released popular audio recordings. Some Muslim scholars said they did not understand al‑Awlaki's popularity, because while he spoke fluent English", "He went by \"Billy\" in his early years until he was teased at school for it also being a girl's name, at which point he decided he would from then on be known as \"Will\". Forte describes himself as having been a \"really happy little boy\" whose parents were \"wonderful\" and created a \"very loving environment\". He was interested in comedy from a young age, growing up idolizing comedians Peter Sellers, David Letterman, and Steve Martin, as well as the sketch-comedy television series Saturday Night Live. He often pulled pranks on his parents, and would record himself performing imaginary radio shows. He did not aim to be a", "At the time he was a college student majoring in mathematics. By the war's end in 1945, he considered himself a full-time musician. He said in 1950, \"Django is still one of my main influences, I think, for lyricism. He can make me cry when I hear him.\" During an interview in 1988, he recalled, \"I guess I was born at the right time to live and adapt and be touched by the evolution in the jazz language.\"He played in two Silverio Pisu stories: Giacomino passerotto vagabondo and Manolo gattino sognatore.\n\nCareer\n1940s–1950s\nIn 1949 he joined a jam session in Paris with Sidney Bechet,", "May.Bradman was of English heritage on both sides of his family. His grandfather Charles Andrew Bradman had left Withersfield, Suffolk, for Australia. In 1930, when he played at Cambridge during his first tour of England, 21-year-old Bradman took the opportunity to trace his forebears in the region. Bradman was also partly of Italian lineage; one of his great-grandfathers had been one of the first Italians to migrate to Australia in 1826.Bradman's parents lived in the hamlet of Yeo Yeo, near Stockinbingal. His mother, Emily, gave birth to him at the Cootamundra home of Granny Scholz, a midwife, which is now the" ]

[]

[]

[ "of disinterested judgment. Kant's religious views were deeply connected to his moral theory. Their exact nature, however, remains in dispute. He hoped that perpetual peace could be secured through an international federation of republican states and international cooperation. His cosmopolitan reputation, however, is called into question by his promulgation of scientific racism for much of his career, although he altered his views on the subject in the last decade of his life.\n\nBiography\nImmanuel Kant was born on 22 April 1724 into a Prussian German family of Lutheran Protestant faith in Königsberg, East Prussia (since 1946 the Russian city of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737)," ]

[]

[ "When was Immanuel Kant born?", "Immanuel Kant was born on April 22, 1724.", "Where was Immanuel Kant born?", "Immanueel Kant was born in Königsberg, East Prussia.", "Who were Immanuel Kant's parents?", "Immanuel Kant's mother was Anna Regina Reuter and Kant's father was Johann Georg Kant ." ]

[ "of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737), was born in Königsberg to a father from Nuremberg. Her surname is sometimes erroneously given as Porter. Kant's father, Johann Georg Kant (1682–1746), was a German harness-maker from Memel, at the time Prussia's most northeastern city (now Klaipėda, Lithuania). It is possible that the Kants got their name from the village of Kantvainiai (German: Kantwaggen – today part of Priekulė) and were of Kursenieki origin.Baptized Emanuel, Kant later changed the spelling of his name to Immanuel after learning Hebrew. He was the fourth of nine children (six of whom reached", "of disinterested judgment. Kant's religious views were deeply connected to his moral theory. Their exact nature, however, remains in dispute. He hoped that perpetual peace could be secured through an international federation of republican states and international cooperation. His cosmopolitan reputation, however, is called into question by his promulgation of scientific racism for much of his career, although he altered his views on the subject in the last decade of his life.\n\nBiography\nImmanuel Kant was born on 22 April 1724 into a Prussian German family of Lutheran Protestant faith in Königsberg, East Prussia (since 1946 the Russian city of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737),", "starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great aptitude for study at an early age. He first attended the Collegium Fridericianum, from which he graduated at the end of the summer of 1740. In 1740, aged 16, he enrolled at the University of Königsberg, where he would later remain for the rest of his professional life. He studied the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff under Martin Knutzen (Associate Professor of Logic and Metaphysics from 1734 until he died in 1751), a rationalist who was also familiar with developments in British philosophy and science and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton.", "Immanuel Kant (22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher and one of the central Enlightenment thinkers. Born in Königsberg, Kant's comprehensive and systematic works in epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics have made him one of the most influential and controversial figures in modern Western philosophy.In his doctrine of transcendental idealism, Kant argued space and time are mere \"forms of intuition\" that structure all experience and that the objects of experience are mere \"appearances\". The nature of things as they are in themselves is unknowable to us. In an attempt to counter the philosophical doctrine of skepticism, he wrote the Critique of Pure", "He was the fourth of nine children (six of whom reached adulthood).The Kant household stressed the pietist values of religious devotion, humility, and a literal interpretation of the Bible. The young Immanuel's education was strict, punitive and disciplinary, and focused on Latin and religious instruction over mathematics and science.In his later years, Kant lived a strictly ordered life. It was said that neighbors would set their clocks by his daily walks. He never married but seems to have had a rewarding social life; he was a popular teacher as well as a modestly successful author, even before starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great", "and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton. Knutzen dissuaded Kant from the theory of pre-established harmony, which he regarded as \"the pillow for the lazy mind\". He also dissuaded Kant from idealism, the idea that reality is purely mental, which most philosophers in the 18th century regarded negatively. The theory of transcendental idealism that Kant later included in the Critique of Pure Reason was developed partially in opposition to traditional idealism.\nKant had contacts with students, colleagues, friends and diners who frequented the local Masonic lodge.His father's stroke and subsequent death in 1746 interrupted his studies. Kant left Königsberg shortly after August", "2005, the university was renamed Immanuel Kant State University of Russia. The name change was announced at a ceremony attended by President Vladimir Putin of Russia and Chancellor Gerhard Schröder of Germany, and the university formed a Kant Society, dedicated to the study of Kantianism. The university was again renamed in the 2010s, to Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University.\n\nPhilosophy\nLike many of his contemporaries, Kant was greatly impressed with the scientific advances made by Newton and others. This new evidence of the power of human reason, however, called into question for many the traditional authority of politics and religion. In particular, the modern mechanistic view of the world called into", "preeminent status in eighteenth-century philosophy. There were several journals devoted solely to defending and criticizing Kantian philosophy. Despite his success, philosophical trends were moving in another direction. Many of Kant's most important disciples and followers (including Reinhold, Beck, and Fichte) transformed the Kantian position. The progressive stages of revision of Kant's teachings marked the emergence of German idealism. Kant opposed these developments and publicly denounced Fichte in an open letter in 1799. It was one of his final acts expounding a stance on philosophical questions.\nIn 1800, a student of Kant named Gottlob Benjamin Jäsche (1762–1842) published a manual of logic for teachers called", "Schelling, Hegel, and Novalis during the 1780s and 1790s.\n\nSamuel Taylor Coleridge was greatly influenced by Kant and helped to spread awareness of him, and of German Idealism generally, in the UK and the US. In his Biographia Literaria (1817), he credits Kant's ideas in coming to believe that the mind is not a passive, but an active agent in the apprehension of reality.\nHegel was one of Kant's first major critics. In Hegel's view the entire project of setting a \"transcendental subject\" (i.e., human consciousness) apart from the living individual as well as from nature, history, and society was fundamentally flawed, although parts", "Artifacts previously owned by Kant, known as Kantiana, were included in the Königsberg City Museum. However, the museum was destroyed during World War II. A replica of the statue of Kant that in German times stood in front of the main University of Königsberg building was donated by a German entity in the early 1990s and placed in the same grounds.\nAfter the expulsion of Königsberg's German population at the end of World War II, the University of Königsberg where Kant taught was replaced by the Russian-language Kaliningrad State University, which appropriated the campus and surviving buildings. In 2005, the university was renamed Immanuel Kant State University of" ]

[ "of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737), was born in Königsberg to a father from Nuremberg. Her surname is sometimes erroneously given as Porter. Kant's father, Johann Georg Kant (1682–1746), was a German harness-maker from Memel, at the time Prussia's most northeastern city (now Klaipėda, Lithuania). It is possible that the Kants got their name from the village of Kantvainiai (German: Kantwaggen – today part of Priekulė) and were of Kursenieki origin.Baptized Emanuel, Kant later changed the spelling of his name to Immanuel after learning Hebrew. He was the fourth of nine children (six of whom reached" ]

[ "of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737), was born in Königsberg to a father from Nuremberg. Her surname is sometimes erroneously given as Porter. Kant's father, Johann Georg Kant (1682–1746), was a German harness-maker from Memel, at the time Prussia's most northeastern city (now Klaipėda, Lithuania). It is possible that the Kants got their name from the village of Kantvainiai (German: Kantwaggen – today part of Priekulė) and were of Kursenieki origin.Baptized Emanuel, Kant later changed the spelling of his name to Immanuel after learning Hebrew. He was the fourth of nine children (six of whom reached", "of disinterested judgment. Kant's religious views were deeply connected to his moral theory. Their exact nature, however, remains in dispute. He hoped that perpetual peace could be secured through an international federation of republican states and international cooperation. His cosmopolitan reputation, however, is called into question by his promulgation of scientific racism for much of his career, although he altered his views on the subject in the last decade of his life.\n\nBiography\nImmanuel Kant was born on 22 April 1724 into a Prussian German family of Lutheran Protestant faith in Königsberg, East Prussia (since 1946 the Russian city of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737)," ]

[ "When was Immanuel Kant born?", "Immanuel Kant was born on April 22, 1724.", "Where was Immanuel Kant born?", "Immanueel Kant was born in Königsberg, East Prussia.", "Who were Immanuel Kant's parents?", "Immanuel Kant's mother was Anna Regina Reuter and Kant's father was Johann Georg Kant .", "Is there any more information about Immanuel Kant's father?", "Immanuel Kant's father, Johann Georg Kant, was a German harness maker from Memel, at the time Prussia's most northeastern city.", "Did Immanuel Kant have any siblings?", "Immanuel Kant had a brother an a sister: Johann Heinrich Kant and Regina Dorothea Kant" ]

[ "starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great aptitude for study at an early age. He first attended the Collegium Fridericianum, from which he graduated at the end of the summer of 1740. In 1740, aged 16, he enrolled at the University of Königsberg, where he would later remain for the rest of his professional life. He studied the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff under Martin Knutzen (Associate Professor of Logic and Metaphysics from 1734 until he died in 1751), a rationalist who was also familiar with developments in British philosophy and science and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton.", "Immanuel Kant (22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher and one of the central Enlightenment thinkers. Born in Königsberg, Kant's comprehensive and systematic works in epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics have made him one of the most influential and controversial figures in modern Western philosophy.In his doctrine of transcendental idealism, Kant argued space and time are mere \"forms of intuition\" that structure all experience and that the objects of experience are mere \"appearances\". The nature of things as they are in themselves is unknowable to us. In an attempt to counter the philosophical doctrine of skepticism, he wrote the Critique of Pure", "He was the fourth of nine children (six of whom reached adulthood).The Kant household stressed the pietist values of religious devotion, humility, and a literal interpretation of the Bible. The young Immanuel's education was strict, punitive and disciplinary, and focused on Latin and religious instruction over mathematics and science.In his later years, Kant lived a strictly ordered life. It was said that neighbors would set their clocks by his daily walks. He never married but seems to have had a rewarding social life; he was a popular teacher as well as a modestly successful author, even before starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great", "and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton. Knutzen dissuaded Kant from the theory of pre-established harmony, which he regarded as \"the pillow for the lazy mind\". He also dissuaded Kant from idealism, the idea that reality is purely mental, which most philosophers in the 18th century regarded negatively. The theory of transcendental idealism that Kant later included in the Critique of Pure Reason was developed partially in opposition to traditional idealism.\nKant had contacts with students, colleagues, friends and diners who frequented the local Masonic lodge.His father's stroke and subsequent death in 1746 interrupted his studies. Kant left Königsberg shortly after August", "2005, the university was renamed Immanuel Kant State University of Russia. The name change was announced at a ceremony attended by President Vladimir Putin of Russia and Chancellor Gerhard Schröder of Germany, and the university formed a Kant Society, dedicated to the study of Kantianism. The university was again renamed in the 2010s, to Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University.\n\nPhilosophy\nLike many of his contemporaries, Kant was greatly impressed with the scientific advances made by Newton and others. This new evidence of the power of human reason, however, called into question for many the traditional authority of politics and religion. In particular, the modern mechanistic view of the world called into", "preeminent status in eighteenth-century philosophy. There were several journals devoted solely to defending and criticizing Kantian philosophy. Despite his success, philosophical trends were moving in another direction. Many of Kant's most important disciples and followers (including Reinhold, Beck, and Fichte) transformed the Kantian position. The progressive stages of revision of Kant's teachings marked the emergence of German idealism. Kant opposed these developments and publicly denounced Fichte in an open letter in 1799. It was one of his final acts expounding a stance on philosophical questions.\nIn 1800, a student of Kant named Gottlob Benjamin Jäsche (1762–1842) published a manual of logic for teachers called", "Artifacts previously owned by Kant, known as Kantiana, were included in the Königsberg City Museum. However, the museum was destroyed during World War II. A replica of the statue of Kant that in German times stood in front of the main University of Königsberg building was donated by a German entity in the early 1990s and placed in the same grounds.\nAfter the expulsion of Königsberg's German population at the end of World War II, the University of Königsberg where Kant taught was replaced by the Russian-language Kaliningrad State University, which appropriated the campus and surviving buildings. In 2005, the university was renamed Immanuel Kant State University of", "Schelling, Hegel, and Novalis during the 1780s and 1790s.\n\nSamuel Taylor Coleridge was greatly influenced by Kant and helped to spread awareness of him, and of German Idealism generally, in the UK and the US. In his Biographia Literaria (1817), he credits Kant's ideas in coming to believe that the mind is not a passive, but an active agent in the apprehension of reality.\nHegel was one of Kant's first major critics. In Hegel's view the entire project of setting a \"transcendental subject\" (i.e., human consciousness) apart from the living individual as well as from nature, history, and society was fundamentally flawed, although parts" ]

[ "starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great aptitude for study at an early age. He first attended the Collegium Fridericianum, from which he graduated at the end of the summer of 1740. In 1740, aged 16, he enrolled at the University of Königsberg, where he would later remain for the rest of his professional life. He studied the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff under Martin Knutzen (Associate Professor of Logic and Metaphysics from 1734 until he died in 1751), a rationalist who was also familiar with developments in British philosophy and science and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton." ]

[ "of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737), was born in Königsberg to a father from Nuremberg. Her surname is sometimes erroneously given as Porter. Kant's father, Johann Georg Kant (1682–1746), was a German harness-maker from Memel, at the time Prussia's most northeastern city (now Klaipėda, Lithuania). It is possible that the Kants got their name from the village of Kantvainiai (German: Kantwaggen – today part of Priekulė) and were of Kursenieki origin.Baptized Emanuel, Kant later changed the spelling of his name to Immanuel after learning Hebrew. He was the fourth of nine children (six of whom reached", "of disinterested judgment. Kant's religious views were deeply connected to his moral theory. Their exact nature, however, remains in dispute. He hoped that perpetual peace could be secured through an international federation of republican states and international cooperation. His cosmopolitan reputation, however, is called into question by his promulgation of scientific racism for much of his career, although he altered his views on the subject in the last decade of his life.\n\nBiography\nImmanuel Kant was born on 22 April 1724 into a Prussian German family of Lutheran Protestant faith in Königsberg, East Prussia (since 1946 the Russian city of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737)," ]

[ "When was Immanuel Kant born?", "Immanuel Kant was born on April 22, 1724.", "Where was Immanuel Kant born?", "Immanueel Kant was born in Königsberg, East Prussia.", "Who were Immanuel Kant's parents?", "Immanuel Kant's mother was Anna Regina Reuter and Kant's father was Johann Georg Kant .", "Is there any more information about Immanuel Kant's father?", "Immanuel Kant's father, Johann Georg Kant, was a German harness maker from Memel, at the time Prussia's most northeastern city.", "Did Immanuel Kant have any siblings?", "Immanuel Kant had a brother an a sister: Johann Heinrich Kant and Regina Dorothea Kant", "Where did Immanuel Kant go to school?", "Immanuel Kant first attended the Collegium Fridericianum from which he graduated at the end of the summer of 1740." ]

[ "starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great aptitude for study at an early age. He first attended the Collegium Fridericianum, from which he graduated at the end of the summer of 1740. In 1740, aged 16, he enrolled at the University of Königsberg, where he would later remain for the rest of his professional life. He studied the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff under Martin Knutzen (Associate Professor of Logic and Metaphysics from 1734 until he died in 1751), a rationalist who was also familiar with developments in British philosophy and science and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton.", "Immanuel Kant (22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher and one of the central Enlightenment thinkers. Born in Königsberg, Kant's comprehensive and systematic works in epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics have made him one of the most influential and controversial figures in modern Western philosophy.In his doctrine of transcendental idealism, Kant argued space and time are mere \"forms of intuition\" that structure all experience and that the objects of experience are mere \"appearances\". The nature of things as they are in themselves is unknowable to us. In an attempt to counter the philosophical doctrine of skepticism, he wrote the Critique of Pure", "He was the fourth of nine children (six of whom reached adulthood).The Kant household stressed the pietist values of religious devotion, humility, and a literal interpretation of the Bible. The young Immanuel's education was strict, punitive and disciplinary, and focused on Latin and religious instruction over mathematics and science.In his later years, Kant lived a strictly ordered life. It was said that neighbors would set their clocks by his daily walks. He never married but seems to have had a rewarding social life; he was a popular teacher as well as a modestly successful author, even before starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great", "and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton. Knutzen dissuaded Kant from the theory of pre-established harmony, which he regarded as \"the pillow for the lazy mind\". He also dissuaded Kant from idealism, the idea that reality is purely mental, which most philosophers in the 18th century regarded negatively. The theory of transcendental idealism that Kant later included in the Critique of Pure Reason was developed partially in opposition to traditional idealism.\nKant had contacts with students, colleagues, friends and diners who frequented the local Masonic lodge.His father's stroke and subsequent death in 1746 interrupted his studies. Kant left Königsberg shortly after August", "preeminent status in eighteenth-century philosophy. There were several journals devoted solely to defending and criticizing Kantian philosophy. Despite his success, philosophical trends were moving in another direction. Many of Kant's most important disciples and followers (including Reinhold, Beck, and Fichte) transformed the Kantian position. The progressive stages of revision of Kant's teachings marked the emergence of German idealism. Kant opposed these developments and publicly denounced Fichte in an open letter in 1799. It was one of his final acts expounding a stance on philosophical questions.\nIn 1800, a student of Kant named Gottlob Benjamin Jäsche (1762–1842) published a manual of logic for teachers called", "2005, the university was renamed Immanuel Kant State University of Russia. The name change was announced at a ceremony attended by President Vladimir Putin of Russia and Chancellor Gerhard Schröder of Germany, and the university formed a Kant Society, dedicated to the study of Kantianism. The university was again renamed in the 2010s, to Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University.\n\nPhilosophy\nLike many of his contemporaries, Kant was greatly impressed with the scientific advances made by Newton and others. This new evidence of the power of human reason, however, called into question for many the traditional authority of politics and religion. In particular, the modern mechanistic view of the world called into", "Artifacts previously owned by Kant, known as Kantiana, were included in the Königsberg City Museum. However, the museum was destroyed during World War II. A replica of the statue of Kant that in German times stood in front of the main University of Königsberg building was donated by a German entity in the early 1990s and placed in the same grounds.\nAfter the expulsion of Königsberg's German population at the end of World War II, the University of Königsberg where Kant taught was replaced by the Russian-language Kaliningrad State University, which appropriated the campus and surviving buildings. In 2005, the university was renamed Immanuel Kant State University of", "Schelling, Hegel, and Novalis during the 1780s and 1790s.\n\nSamuel Taylor Coleridge was greatly influenced by Kant and helped to spread awareness of him, and of German Idealism generally, in the UK and the US. In his Biographia Literaria (1817), he credits Kant's ideas in coming to believe that the mind is not a passive, but an active agent in the apprehension of reality.\nHegel was one of Kant's first major critics. In Hegel's view the entire project of setting a \"transcendental subject\" (i.e., human consciousness) apart from the living individual as well as from nature, history, and society was fundamentally flawed, although parts" ]

[ "starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great aptitude for study at an early age. He first attended the Collegium Fridericianum, from which he graduated at the end of the summer of 1740. In 1740, aged 16, he enrolled at the University of Königsberg, where he would later remain for the rest of his professional life. He studied the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff under Martin Knutzen (Associate Professor of Logic and Metaphysics from 1734 until he died in 1751), a rationalist who was also familiar with developments in British philosophy and science and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton." ]

[ "of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737), was born in Königsberg to a father from Nuremberg. Her surname is sometimes erroneously given as Porter. Kant's father, Johann Georg Kant (1682–1746), was a German harness-maker from Memel, at the time Prussia's most northeastern city (now Klaipėda, Lithuania). It is possible that the Kants got their name from the village of Kantvainiai (German: Kantwaggen – today part of Priekulė) and were of Kursenieki origin.Baptized Emanuel, Kant later changed the spelling of his name to Immanuel after learning Hebrew. He was the fourth of nine children (six of whom reached", "of disinterested judgment. Kant's religious views were deeply connected to his moral theory. Their exact nature, however, remains in dispute. He hoped that perpetual peace could be secured through an international federation of republican states and international cooperation. His cosmopolitan reputation, however, is called into question by his promulgation of scientific racism for much of his career, although he altered his views on the subject in the last decade of his life.\n\nBiography\nImmanuel Kant was born on 22 April 1724 into a Prussian German family of Lutheran Protestant faith in Königsberg, East Prussia (since 1946 the Russian city of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737),", "starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great aptitude for study at an early age. He first attended the Collegium Fridericianum, from which he graduated at the end of the summer of 1740. In 1740, aged 16, he enrolled at the University of Königsberg, where he would later remain for the rest of his professional life. He studied the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff under Martin Knutzen (Associate Professor of Logic and Metaphysics from 1734 until he died in 1751), a rationalist who was also familiar with developments in British philosophy and science and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton.", "Immanuel Kant (22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher and one of the central Enlightenment thinkers. Born in Königsberg, Kant's comprehensive and systematic works in epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics have made him one of the most influential and controversial figures in modern Western philosophy.In his doctrine of transcendental idealism, Kant argued space and time are mere \"forms of intuition\" that structure all experience and that the objects of experience are mere \"appearances\". The nature of things as they are in themselves is unknowable to us. In an attempt to counter the philosophical doctrine of skepticism, he wrote the Critique of Pure", "He was the fourth of nine children (six of whom reached adulthood).The Kant household stressed the pietist values of religious devotion, humility, and a literal interpretation of the Bible. The young Immanuel's education was strict, punitive and disciplinary, and focused on Latin and religious instruction over mathematics and science.In his later years, Kant lived a strictly ordered life. It was said that neighbors would set their clocks by his daily walks. He never married but seems to have had a rewarding social life; he was a popular teacher as well as a modestly successful author, even before starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great", "and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton. Knutzen dissuaded Kant from the theory of pre-established harmony, which he regarded as \"the pillow for the lazy mind\". He also dissuaded Kant from idealism, the idea that reality is purely mental, which most philosophers in the 18th century regarded negatively. The theory of transcendental idealism that Kant later included in the Critique of Pure Reason was developed partially in opposition to traditional idealism.\nKant had contacts with students, colleagues, friends and diners who frequented the local Masonic lodge.His father's stroke and subsequent death in 1746 interrupted his studies. Kant left Königsberg shortly after August", "2005, the university was renamed Immanuel Kant State University of Russia. The name change was announced at a ceremony attended by President Vladimir Putin of Russia and Chancellor Gerhard Schröder of Germany, and the university formed a Kant Society, dedicated to the study of Kantianism. The university was again renamed in the 2010s, to Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University.\n\nPhilosophy\nLike many of his contemporaries, Kant was greatly impressed with the scientific advances made by Newton and others. This new evidence of the power of human reason, however, called into question for many the traditional authority of politics and religion. In particular, the modern mechanistic view of the world called into", "preeminent status in eighteenth-century philosophy. There were several journals devoted solely to defending and criticizing Kantian philosophy. Despite his success, philosophical trends were moving in another direction. Many of Kant's most important disciples and followers (including Reinhold, Beck, and Fichte) transformed the Kantian position. The progressive stages of revision of Kant's teachings marked the emergence of German idealism. Kant opposed these developments and publicly denounced Fichte in an open letter in 1799. It was one of his final acts expounding a stance on philosophical questions.\nIn 1800, a student of Kant named Gottlob Benjamin Jäsche (1762–1842) published a manual of logic for teachers called", "Artifacts previously owned by Kant, known as Kantiana, were included in the Königsberg City Museum. However, the museum was destroyed during World War II. A replica of the statue of Kant that in German times stood in front of the main University of Königsberg building was donated by a German entity in the early 1990s and placed in the same grounds.\nAfter the expulsion of Königsberg's German population at the end of World War II, the University of Königsberg where Kant taught was replaced by the Russian-language Kaliningrad State University, which appropriated the campus and surviving buildings. In 2005, the university was renamed Immanuel Kant State University of", "wrote Observations on the Feeling of the Beautiful and Sublime; he was second to Moses Mendelssohn in a Berlin Academy prize competition with his Inquiry Concerning the Distinctness of the Principles of Natural Theology and Morality (often referred to as \"The Prize Essay\"). In 1766 Kant wrote a critical piece on Emanuel Swedenborg's Dreams of a Spirit-Seer.\nIn 1770, Kant was appointed Full Professor of Logic and Metaphysics at the University of Königsberg. In defense of this appointment, Kant wrote his inaugural dissertation On the Form and Principles of the Sensible and the Intelligible World This work saw the emergence of several central themes of his mature work, including" ]

[ "When was Immanuel Kant born?", "Immanuel Kant was born on April 22, 1724.", "Where was Immanuel Kant born?", "Immanueel Kant was born in Königsberg, East Prussia.", "Who were Immanuel Kant's parents?", "Immanuel Kant's mother was Anna Regina Reuter and Kant's father was Johann Georg Kant .", "Is there any more information about Immanuel Kant's father?", "Immanuel Kant's father, Johann Georg Kant, was a German harness maker from Memel, at the time Prussia's most northeastern city.", "Did Immanuel Kant have any siblings?", "Immanuel Kant had a brother an a sister: Johann Heinrich Kant and Regina Dorothea Kant", "Where did Immanuel Kant go to school?", "Immanuel Kant first attended the Collegium Fridericianum from which he graduated at the end of the summer of 1740.", "Did Immanuel Kant go to college?", "In 1740, aged 16, Immanuel Kant enrolled at the University of Königsberg, where he spent his whole career." ]

[]

[ "of the thoroughness of Kant's paradigm shift, his influence extends well beyond this to thinkers who neither specifically refer to his work nor use his terminology.\n\nBibliography\nUnless otherwise noted, all citations are to The Cambridge Edition of the Works of Immanuel Kant in English Translation, 16 vols., ed. Guyer, Paul, and Wood, Allen W. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. Citations in the article are to individual works per abbreviations in List of Major works below.\n\nLectures on Logic. Ed. and trans. J. Michael Young. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.\nOpus postumum. Ed. Eckart Förster, trans. Eckart Förster and Michael Rosen. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press," ]

[ "in movies or appear in other media. Though he described himself as a media-friendly person, he added, \"I avoid starring in movies, appear on magazine covers. I love boxing, and I don't want to divert from it. Right now my sports career is more important for me.\"\n\nProfessional boxing record\nPay-per-view bouts\nProfessional boxing\nTotals (approximate): 3,475,000 buys and $268,000,000 in revenue.\n\nSee also\nList of world middleweight boxing champions\n\nReferences\nVideo references\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Gennady Golovkin from BoxRec (registration required)\nGennadiy Golovkin Partial Record from Amateur Boxing Results\nGennadiy Golovkin record from Sportenote.com\nGennady Golovkin at Olympics at Sports-Reference.com (archived)\nGennady", "(North Jersey).\nRaab, Selwyn (October 30, 1974). \"Two in Court Recant 1967 Testimony That Helped Convict Carter and Artis\". New York Times. Retrieved April 24, 2020.\nWice, Paul B (2000). Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter and the American Justice System. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-2864-9.\n\"Carter v. Rafferty\" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-04-24.\n\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Rubin Carter from BoxRec (registration required)\nRubin Carter at IMDb\nAppearances on C-SPAN", "Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter (May 6, 1937 – April 20, 2014) was an American middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.\nIn 1966, Carter, and his co-accused, John Artis, were arrested for a triple homicide which was committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, United States. Shortly after the killings at 2:30 am, a car, carrying Carter, Artis, and a third man, was stopped by police outside the bar while its occupants were on their way home from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their", "A few months after completing basic training at Fort Jackson, South Carolina, he was sent to West Germany. While in Germany, Carter began to box for the Army. He was discharged in 1956 as unfit for service, after four courts-martial. Shortly after his discharge, he returned home to New Jersey, was convicted of two muggings and sent to prison.\n\nBoxing career\nAfter his release from prison in September 1961, Carter became a professional boxer. At 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m), Carter was shorter than the average middleweight, but he fought all of his professional career at 155–160 lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power" ]

[ "What was Rubin Carter's boxing career like?", "Rubin Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins, 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights, with 19 total knockouts.", "Who were some of the people Rubin Carter fought?", "Rubin Carter defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton." ]

[ "in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion Emile Griffith twice in the first round and scoring a technical knockout. That win resulted in The Ring's ranking of Carter as the number three contender for Joey Giardello's world middleweight title. Carter won two more fights (one a decision over future heavyweight champion Jimmy Ellis) in 1964, before meeting Giardello in Philadelphia for a 15-round championship match on December 14. Carter landed a few solid rights to the head in the fourth round that left Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and", "was starting to settle into him, but when you see three or four of them, it is hard to carry on.\" Golovkin stated although Brook fought like a true champion, he was not a middleweight.According to Compubox stats, Golovkin landed 133 of his 301 punches thrown (44.2%), whilst Brook landed 85 punches, having thrown 261 (32.6%). The fight was aired live on HBO in the afternoon and drew an average of 843,000 viewers and peaked at 907,000 viewers. This was considered by HBO to be a huge success for an afternoon showing. A replay was shown later in the evening as part of the world", "lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power (resulting in many early-round knockouts) drew attention, establishing him as a crowd favorite and earning him the nickname \"Hurricane\". After he defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton—the boxing world took notice. The Ring first listed him as one of its \"Top 10\" middleweight contenders in July 1963. At the end of 1965, they ranked him as the number five middleweight.He fought six times in 1963, winning four bouts and losing two. He remained ranked in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20,", "Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot was fired in his hotel room.Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins with 19 total knockouts (8 KOs and 11 TKOs), 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights. He received an honorary championship title belt from the World Boxing Council in 1993 (as did Joey Giardello at the same banquet) and was later inducted into the New Jersey Boxing Hall of Fame.\n\nArrest and conviction\nAt approximately 2:30 AM on June 17, 1966, two men entered the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, and began shooting. The bartender, James Oliver, and a customer, Fred", "by defeating Sergiy Derevyanchenko in 2019, and regained his WBA (Super) title by defeating Ryōta Murata in 2022.\nA calculating pressure fighter, Golovkin is known for his exceptionally powerful and precise punching, balance, and methodical movement inside the ring. With a streak of 23 knockouts that spanned from 2008 to 2017, he holds the highest knockout-to-win ratio – 88.0% – in middleweight championship history. Golovkin is also said to have one of the most durable chins in boxing history, having never been knocked down or otherwise stopped in a total of 395 fights, 45 as a professional and 350 as an amateur. \nIn his amateur", "Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and Giardello took control of the fight in the fifth round. The judges decided unanimously in favor of Giardello.After that fight, Carter's ranking in The Ring began to decline. He fought nine times in 1965, winning five but losing three of four against contenders Luis Manuel Rodríguez, Dick Tiger, and Harry Scott. Tiger, in particular, floored Carter three times in their match. \"It was\", Carter said, \"the worst beating that I took in my life—inside or outside the ring\". During his visit to London to fight Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot" ]

[ "in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion Emile Griffith twice in the first round and scoring a technical knockout. That win resulted in The Ring's ranking of Carter as the number three contender for Joey Giardello's world middleweight title. Carter won two more fights (one a decision over future heavyweight champion Jimmy Ellis) in 1964, before meeting Giardello in Philadelphia for a 15-round championship match on December 14. Carter landed a few solid rights to the head in the fourth round that left Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and" ]

[]

[ "What was Rubin Carter's boxing career like?", "Rubin Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins, 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights, with 19 total knockouts.", "Who were some of the people Rubin Carter fought?", "Rubin Carter defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton.", "What was Rubin Carter's best fight?", "Rubin Carter's best fight was probably against Emile Griffith, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion twice in the first round and scoring a TKO." ]

[ "in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion Emile Griffith twice in the first round and scoring a technical knockout. That win resulted in The Ring's ranking of Carter as the number three contender for Joey Giardello's world middleweight title. Carter won two more fights (one a decision over future heavyweight champion Jimmy Ellis) in 1964, before meeting Giardello in Philadelphia for a 15-round championship match on December 14. Carter landed a few solid rights to the head in the fourth round that left Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and", "Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter (May 6, 1937 – April 20, 2014) was an American middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.\nIn 1966, Carter, and his co-accused, John Artis, were arrested for a triple homicide which was committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, United States. Shortly after the killings at 2:30 am, a car, carrying Carter, Artis, and a third man, was stopped by police outside the bar while its occupants were on their way home from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their", "in movies or appear in other media. Though he described himself as a media-friendly person, he added, \"I avoid starring in movies, appear on magazine covers. I love boxing, and I don't want to divert from it. Right now my sports career is more important for me.\"\n\nProfessional boxing record\nPay-per-view bouts\nProfessional boxing\nTotals (approximate): 3,475,000 buys and $268,000,000 in revenue.\n\nSee also\nList of world middleweight boxing champions\n\nReferences\nVideo references\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Gennady Golovkin from BoxRec (registration required)\nGennadiy Golovkin Partial Record from Amateur Boxing Results\nGennadiy Golovkin record from Sportenote.com\nGennady Golovkin at Olympics at Sports-Reference.com (archived)\nGennady", "(North Jersey).\nRaab, Selwyn (October 30, 1974). \"Two in Court Recant 1967 Testimony That Helped Convict Carter and Artis\". New York Times. Retrieved April 24, 2020.\nWice, Paul B (2000). Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter and the American Justice System. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-2864-9.\n\"Carter v. Rafferty\" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-04-24.\n\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Rubin Carter from BoxRec (registration required)\nRubin Carter at IMDb\nAppearances on C-SPAN", "was starting to settle into him, but when you see three or four of them, it is hard to carry on.\" Golovkin stated although Brook fought like a true champion, he was not a middleweight.According to Compubox stats, Golovkin landed 133 of his 301 punches thrown (44.2%), whilst Brook landed 85 punches, having thrown 261 (32.6%). The fight was aired live on HBO in the afternoon and drew an average of 843,000 viewers and peaked at 907,000 viewers. This was considered by HBO to be a huge success for an afternoon showing. A replay was shown later in the evening as part of the world", "A few months after completing basic training at Fort Jackson, South Carolina, he was sent to West Germany. While in Germany, Carter began to box for the Army. He was discharged in 1956 as unfit for service, after four courts-martial. Shortly after his discharge, he returned home to New Jersey, was convicted of two muggings and sent to prison.\n\nBoxing career\nAfter his release from prison in September 1961, Carter became a professional boxer. At 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m), Carter was shorter than the average middleweight, but he fought all of his professional career at 155–160 lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power", "lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power (resulting in many early-round knockouts) drew attention, establishing him as a crowd favorite and earning him the nickname \"Hurricane\". After he defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton—the boxing world took notice. The Ring first listed him as one of its \"Top 10\" middleweight contenders in July 1963. At the end of 1965, they ranked him as the number five middleweight.He fought six times in 1963, winning four bouts and losing two. He remained ranked in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20,", "Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot was fired in his hotel room.Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins with 19 total knockouts (8 KOs and 11 TKOs), 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights. He received an honorary championship title belt from the World Boxing Council in 1993 (as did Joey Giardello at the same banquet) and was later inducted into the New Jersey Boxing Hall of Fame.\n\nArrest and conviction\nAt approximately 2:30 AM on June 17, 1966, two men entered the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, and began shooting. The bartender, James Oliver, and a customer, Fred", "by defeating Sergiy Derevyanchenko in 2019, and regained his WBA (Super) title by defeating Ryōta Murata in 2022.\nA calculating pressure fighter, Golovkin is known for his exceptionally powerful and precise punching, balance, and methodical movement inside the ring. With a streak of 23 knockouts that spanned from 2008 to 2017, he holds the highest knockout-to-win ratio – 88.0% – in middleweight championship history. Golovkin is also said to have one of the most durable chins in boxing history, having never been knocked down or otherwise stopped in a total of 395 fights, 45 as a professional and 350 as an amateur. \nIn his amateur", "Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and Giardello took control of the fight in the fifth round. The judges decided unanimously in favor of Giardello.After that fight, Carter's ranking in The Ring began to decline. He fought nine times in 1965, winning five but losing three of four against contenders Luis Manuel Rodríguez, Dick Tiger, and Harry Scott. Tiger, in particular, floored Carter three times in their match. \"It was\", Carter said, \"the worst beating that I took in my life—inside or outside the ring\". During his visit to London to fight Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot" ]

[ "in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion Emile Griffith twice in the first round and scoring a technical knockout. That win resulted in The Ring's ranking of Carter as the number three contender for Joey Giardello's world middleweight title. Carter won two more fights (one a decision over future heavyweight champion Jimmy Ellis) in 1964, before meeting Giardello in Philadelphia for a 15-round championship match on December 14. Carter landed a few solid rights to the head in the fourth round that left Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and" ]

[ "in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion Emile Griffith twice in the first round and scoring a technical knockout. That win resulted in The Ring's ranking of Carter as the number three contender for Joey Giardello's world middleweight title. Carter won two more fights (one a decision over future heavyweight champion Jimmy Ellis) in 1964, before meeting Giardello in Philadelphia for a 15-round championship match on December 14. Carter landed a few solid rights to the head in the fourth round that left Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and", "Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter (May 6, 1937 – April 20, 2014) was an American middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.\nIn 1966, Carter, and his co-accused, John Artis, were arrested for a triple homicide which was committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, United States. Shortly after the killings at 2:30 am, a car, carrying Carter, Artis, and a third man, was stopped by police outside the bar while its occupants were on their way home from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their", "in movies or appear in other media. Though he described himself as a media-friendly person, he added, \"I avoid starring in movies, appear on magazine covers. I love boxing, and I don't want to divert from it. Right now my sports career is more important for me.\"\n\nProfessional boxing record\nPay-per-view bouts\nProfessional boxing\nTotals (approximate): 3,475,000 buys and $268,000,000 in revenue.\n\nSee also\nList of world middleweight boxing champions\n\nReferences\nVideo references\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Gennady Golovkin from BoxRec (registration required)\nGennadiy Golovkin Partial Record from Amateur Boxing Results\nGennadiy Golovkin record from Sportenote.com\nGennady Golovkin at Olympics at Sports-Reference.com (archived)\nGennady", "(North Jersey).\nRaab, Selwyn (October 30, 1974). \"Two in Court Recant 1967 Testimony That Helped Convict Carter and Artis\". New York Times. Retrieved April 24, 2020.\nWice, Paul B (2000). Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter and the American Justice System. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-2864-9.\n\"Carter v. Rafferty\" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-04-24.\n\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Rubin Carter from BoxRec (registration required)\nRubin Carter at IMDb\nAppearances on C-SPAN", "Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and Giardello took control of the fight in the fifth round. The judges decided unanimously in favor of Giardello.After that fight, Carter's ranking in The Ring began to decline. He fought nine times in 1965, winning five but losing three of four against contenders Luis Manuel Rodríguez, Dick Tiger, and Harry Scott. Tiger, in particular, floored Carter three times in their match. \"It was\", Carter said, \"the worst beating that I took in my life—inside or outside the ring\". During his visit to London to fight Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot", "Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot was fired in his hotel room.Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins with 19 total knockouts (8 KOs and 11 TKOs), 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights. He received an honorary championship title belt from the World Boxing Council in 1993 (as did Joey Giardello at the same banquet) and was later inducted into the New Jersey Boxing Hall of Fame.\n\nArrest and conviction\nAt approximately 2:30 AM on June 17, 1966, two men entered the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, and began shooting. The bartender, James Oliver, and a customer, Fred", "was starting to settle into him, but when you see three or four of them, it is hard to carry on.\" Golovkin stated although Brook fought like a true champion, he was not a middleweight.According to Compubox stats, Golovkin landed 133 of his 301 punches thrown (44.2%), whilst Brook landed 85 punches, having thrown 261 (32.6%). The fight was aired live on HBO in the afternoon and drew an average of 843,000 viewers and peaked at 907,000 viewers. This was considered by HBO to be a huge success for an afternoon showing. A replay was shown later in the evening as part of the world", "lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power (resulting in many early-round knockouts) drew attention, establishing him as a crowd favorite and earning him the nickname \"Hurricane\". After he defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton—the boxing world took notice. The Ring first listed him as one of its \"Top 10\" middleweight contenders in July 1963. At the end of 1965, they ranked him as the number five middleweight.He fought six times in 1963, winning four bouts and losing two. He remained ranked in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20,", "A few months after completing basic training at Fort Jackson, South Carolina, he was sent to West Germany. While in Germany, Carter began to box for the Army. He was discharged in 1956 as unfit for service, after four courts-martial. Shortly after his discharge, he returned home to New Jersey, was convicted of two muggings and sent to prison.\n\nBoxing career\nAfter his release from prison in September 1961, Carter became a professional boxer. At 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m), Carter was shorter than the average middleweight, but he fought all of his professional career at 155–160 lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power", "by defeating Sergiy Derevyanchenko in 2019, and regained his WBA (Super) title by defeating Ryōta Murata in 2022.\nA calculating pressure fighter, Golovkin is known for his exceptionally powerful and precise punching, balance, and methodical movement inside the ring. With a streak of 23 knockouts that spanned from 2008 to 2017, he holds the highest knockout-to-win ratio – 88.0% – in middleweight championship history. Golovkin is also said to have one of the most durable chins in boxing history, having never been knocked down or otherwise stopped in a total of 395 fights, 45 as a professional and 350 as an amateur. \nIn his amateur" ]

[ "What was Rubin Carter's boxing career like?", "Rubin Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins, 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights, with 19 total knockouts.", "Who were some of the people Rubin Carter fought?", "Rubin Carter defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton.", "What was Rubin Carter's best fight?", "Rubin Carter's best fight was probably against Emile Griffith, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion twice in the first round and scoring a TKO.", "Did Rubin Carter make it to the final round?", "Rubin Carter got to the final round and landed a few solid rights and staggered Giardello, but was unable to follow them up, and Giardello took control of the fight." ]

[]

[ "work with AIDWYC and the Innocence Project. Carter received the Abolition Award from Death Penalty Focus in 1996.\n\nProstate cancer and death\nIn March 2012, while attending the International Justice Conference in Burswood, Western Australia, Carter revealed that he had terminal prostate cancer. At the time, doctors gave him between three and six months to live. Beginning shortly after that time, John Artis lived with and cared for Carter, and on April 20, 2014, he confirmed that Carter, at the age of 76, had succumbed to his illness. He was afterwards cremated and his ashes were scattered in part over Cape Cod and in part at a horse farm in" ]

[]

[ "What was Rubin Carter's boxing career like?", "Rubin Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins, 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights, with 19 total knockouts.", "Who were some of the people Rubin Carter fought?", "Rubin Carter defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton.", "What was Rubin Carter's best fight?", "Rubin Carter's best fight was probably against Emile Griffith, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion twice in the first round and scoring a TKO.", "Did Rubin Carter make it to the final round?", "Rubin Carter got to the final round and landed a few solid rights and staggered Giardello, but was unable to follow them up, and Giardello took control of the fight.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article, besides who Rubin Carter fought and what his best fight was?", "Rubin Carter received the Abolition Award from Death Penalty Focus in 1996." ]

[ "in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion Emile Griffith twice in the first round and scoring a technical knockout. That win resulted in The Ring's ranking of Carter as the number three contender for Joey Giardello's world middleweight title. Carter won two more fights (one a decision over future heavyweight champion Jimmy Ellis) in 1964, before meeting Giardello in Philadelphia for a 15-round championship match on December 14. Carter landed a few solid rights to the head in the fourth round that left Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and", "Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter (May 6, 1937 – April 20, 2014) was an American middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.\nIn 1966, Carter, and his co-accused, John Artis, were arrested for a triple homicide which was committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, United States. Shortly after the killings at 2:30 am, a car, carrying Carter, Artis, and a third man, was stopped by police outside the bar while its occupants were on their way home from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their", "(North Jersey).\nRaab, Selwyn (October 30, 1974). \"Two in Court Recant 1967 Testimony That Helped Convict Carter and Artis\". New York Times. Retrieved April 24, 2020.\nWice, Paul B (2000). Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter and the American Justice System. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-2864-9.\n\"Carter v. Rafferty\" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-04-24.\n\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Rubin Carter from BoxRec (registration required)\nRubin Carter at IMDb\nAppearances on C-SPAN", "Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot was fired in his hotel room.Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins with 19 total knockouts (8 KOs and 11 TKOs), 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights. He received an honorary championship title belt from the World Boxing Council in 1993 (as did Joey Giardello at the same banquet) and was later inducted into the New Jersey Boxing Hall of Fame.\n\nArrest and conviction\nAt approximately 2:30 AM on June 17, 1966, two men entered the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, and began shooting. The bartender, James Oliver, and a customer, Fred", "Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and Giardello took control of the fight in the fifth round. The judges decided unanimously in favor of Giardello.After that fight, Carter's ranking in The Ring began to decline. He fought nine times in 1965, winning five but losing three of four against contenders Luis Manuel Rodríguez, Dick Tiger, and Harry Scott. Tiger, in particular, floored Carter three times in their match. \"It was\", Carter said, \"the worst beating that I took in my life—inside or outside the ring\". During his visit to London to fight Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot", "in movies or appear in other media. Though he described himself as a media-friendly person, he added, \"I avoid starring in movies, appear on magazine covers. I love boxing, and I don't want to divert from it. Right now my sports career is more important for me.\"\n\nProfessional boxing record\nPay-per-view bouts\nProfessional boxing\nTotals (approximate): 3,475,000 buys and $268,000,000 in revenue.\n\nSee also\nList of world middleweight boxing champions\n\nReferences\nVideo references\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Gennady Golovkin from BoxRec (registration required)\nGennadiy Golovkin Partial Record from Amateur Boxing Results\nGennadiy Golovkin record from Sportenote.com\nGennady Golovkin at Olympics at Sports-Reference.com (archived)\nGennady", "was starting to settle into him, but when you see three or four of them, it is hard to carry on.\" Golovkin stated although Brook fought like a true champion, he was not a middleweight.According to Compubox stats, Golovkin landed 133 of his 301 punches thrown (44.2%), whilst Brook landed 85 punches, having thrown 261 (32.6%). The fight was aired live on HBO in the afternoon and drew an average of 843,000 viewers and peaked at 907,000 viewers. This was considered by HBO to be a huge success for an afternoon showing. A replay was shown later in the evening as part of the world", "lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power (resulting in many early-round knockouts) drew attention, establishing him as a crowd favorite and earning him the nickname \"Hurricane\". After he defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton—the boxing world took notice. The Ring first listed him as one of its \"Top 10\" middleweight contenders in July 1963. At the end of 1965, they ranked him as the number five middleweight.He fought six times in 1963, winning four bouts and losing two. He remained ranked in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20,", "A few months after completing basic training at Fort Jackson, South Carolina, he was sent to West Germany. While in Germany, Carter began to box for the Army. He was discharged in 1956 as unfit for service, after four courts-martial. Shortly after his discharge, he returned home to New Jersey, was convicted of two muggings and sent to prison.\n\nBoxing career\nAfter his release from prison in September 1961, Carter became a professional boxer. At 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m), Carter was shorter than the average middleweight, but he fought all of his professional career at 155–160 lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power", "by defeating Sergiy Derevyanchenko in 2019, and regained his WBA (Super) title by defeating Ryōta Murata in 2022.\nA calculating pressure fighter, Golovkin is known for his exceptionally powerful and precise punching, balance, and methodical movement inside the ring. With a streak of 23 knockouts that spanned from 2008 to 2017, he holds the highest knockout-to-win ratio – 88.0% – in middleweight championship history. Golovkin is also said to have one of the most durable chins in boxing history, having never been knocked down or otherwise stopped in a total of 395 fights, 45 as a professional and 350 as an amateur. \nIn his amateur" ]

[ "in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion Emile Griffith twice in the first round and scoring a technical knockout. That win resulted in The Ring's ranking of Carter as the number three contender for Joey Giardello's world middleweight title. Carter won two more fights (one a decision over future heavyweight champion Jimmy Ellis) in 1964, before meeting Giardello in Philadelphia for a 15-round championship match on December 14. Carter landed a few solid rights to the head in the fourth round that left Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and" ]

[ "in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion Emile Griffith twice in the first round and scoring a technical knockout. That win resulted in The Ring's ranking of Carter as the number three contender for Joey Giardello's world middleweight title. Carter won two more fights (one a decision over future heavyweight champion Jimmy Ellis) in 1964, before meeting Giardello in Philadelphia for a 15-round championship match on December 14. Carter landed a few solid rights to the head in the fourth round that left Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and", "Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter (May 6, 1937 – April 20, 2014) was an American middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.\nIn 1966, Carter, and his co-accused, John Artis, were arrested for a triple homicide which was committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, United States. Shortly after the killings at 2:30 am, a car, carrying Carter, Artis, and a third man, was stopped by police outside the bar while its occupants were on their way home from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their" ]

[ "What was Rubin Carter's boxing career like?", "Rubin Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins, 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights, with 19 total knockouts.", "Who were some of the people Rubin Carter fought?", "Rubin Carter defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton.", "What was Rubin Carter's best fight?", "Rubin Carter's best fight was probably against Emile Griffith, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion twice in the first round and scoring a TKO.", "Did Rubin Carter make it to the final round?", "Rubin Carter got to the final round and landed a few solid rights and staggered Giardello, but was unable to follow them up, and Giardello took control of the fight.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article, besides who Rubin Carter fought and what his best fight was?", "Rubin Carter received the Abolition Award from Death Penalty Focus in 1996.", "Who did Rubin Carter meet?", "Rubin Carter met Joey Giardello, who was the world middleweight champion from 1963 to 1965." ]

[ "Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot was fired in his hotel room.Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins with 19 total knockouts (8 KOs and 11 TKOs), 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights. He received an honorary championship title belt from the World Boxing Council in 1993 (as did Joey Giardello at the same banquet) and was later inducted into the New Jersey Boxing Hall of Fame.\n\nArrest and conviction\nAt approximately 2:30 AM on June 17, 1966, two men entered the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, and began shooting. The bartender, James Oliver, and a customer, Fred", "Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and Giardello took control of the fight in the fifth round. The judges decided unanimously in favor of Giardello.After that fight, Carter's ranking in The Ring began to decline. He fought nine times in 1965, winning five but losing three of four against contenders Luis Manuel Rodríguez, Dick Tiger, and Harry Scott. Tiger, in particular, floored Carter three times in their match. \"It was\", Carter said, \"the worst beating that I took in my life—inside or outside the ring\". During his visit to London to fight Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot", "(North Jersey).\nRaab, Selwyn (October 30, 1974). \"Two in Court Recant 1967 Testimony That Helped Convict Carter and Artis\". New York Times. Retrieved April 24, 2020.\nWice, Paul B (2000). Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter and the American Justice System. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-2864-9.\n\"Carter v. Rafferty\" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-04-24.\n\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Rubin Carter from BoxRec (registration required)\nRubin Carter at IMDb\nAppearances on C-SPAN", "lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power (resulting in many early-round knockouts) drew attention, establishing him as a crowd favorite and earning him the nickname \"Hurricane\". After he defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton—the boxing world took notice. The Ring first listed him as one of its \"Top 10\" middleweight contenders in July 1963. At the end of 1965, they ranked him as the number five middleweight.He fought six times in 1963, winning four bouts and losing two. He remained ranked in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20,", "in movies or appear in other media. Though he described himself as a media-friendly person, he added, \"I avoid starring in movies, appear on magazine covers. I love boxing, and I don't want to divert from it. Right now my sports career is more important for me.\"\n\nProfessional boxing record\nPay-per-view bouts\nProfessional boxing\nTotals (approximate): 3,475,000 buys and $268,000,000 in revenue.\n\nSee also\nList of world middleweight boxing champions\n\nReferences\nVideo references\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Gennady Golovkin from BoxRec (registration required)\nGennadiy Golovkin Partial Record from Amateur Boxing Results\nGennadiy Golovkin record from Sportenote.com\nGennady Golovkin at Olympics at Sports-Reference.com (archived)\nGennady", "A few months after completing basic training at Fort Jackson, South Carolina, he was sent to West Germany. While in Germany, Carter began to box for the Army. He was discharged in 1956 as unfit for service, after four courts-martial. Shortly after his discharge, he returned home to New Jersey, was convicted of two muggings and sent to prison.\n\nBoxing career\nAfter his release from prison in September 1961, Carter became a professional boxer. At 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m), Carter was shorter than the average middleweight, but he fought all of his professional career at 155–160 lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power", "was starting to settle into him, but when you see three or four of them, it is hard to carry on.\" Golovkin stated although Brook fought like a true champion, he was not a middleweight.According to Compubox stats, Golovkin landed 133 of his 301 punches thrown (44.2%), whilst Brook landed 85 punches, having thrown 261 (32.6%). The fight was aired live on HBO in the afternoon and drew an average of 843,000 viewers and peaked at 907,000 viewers. This was considered by HBO to be a huge success for an afternoon showing. A replay was shown later in the evening as part of the world", "by defeating Sergiy Derevyanchenko in 2019, and regained his WBA (Super) title by defeating Ryōta Murata in 2022.\nA calculating pressure fighter, Golovkin is known for his exceptionally powerful and precise punching, balance, and methodical movement inside the ring. With a streak of 23 knockouts that spanned from 2008 to 2017, he holds the highest knockout-to-win ratio – 88.0% – in middleweight championship history. Golovkin is also said to have one of the most durable chins in boxing history, having never been knocked down or otherwise stopped in a total of 395 fights, 45 as a professional and 350 as an amateur. \nIn his amateur" ]

[ "Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot was fired in his hotel room.Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins with 19 total knockouts (8 KOs and 11 TKOs), 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights. He received an honorary championship title belt from the World Boxing Council in 1993 (as did Joey Giardello at the same banquet) and was later inducted into the New Jersey Boxing Hall of Fame.\n\nArrest and conviction\nAt approximately 2:30 AM on June 17, 1966, two men entered the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, and began shooting. The bartender, James Oliver, and a customer, Fred" ]

[ "from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their way but, after dropping off the third man, Carter and Artis were stopped and arrested while they were passing the bar a second time, 45 minutes later.\nCarter and Artis were interrogated for 17 hours, released, then re-arrested weeks later. In 1967, they were convicted of all three murders, and given life sentences, to be served in Rahway State Prison; a retrial in 1976 upheld their sentences, but they were overturned in 1985. Prosecutors appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, but declined to try the case a third time after the appeal failed.\nCarter's autobiography, titled The", "that his descriptions of the shooters were drastically different from Artis and Carter's actual appearances.The court also heard testimony from a Carter associate that Passaic County prosecutors had tried to pressure her into testifying against Carter. Prosecutors denied the charge. After deliberating for almost nine hours, the jury again found Carter and Artis guilty of the murders. Judge Leopizzi re-imposed the same sentences on both men: a double life sentence for Carter, a single life sentence for Artis.Artis was released on parole in 1981. Carter's attorneys continued to appeal. In 1982, the Supreme Court of New Jersey affirmed his convictions (4–3). Although the", "over eighteen months in prison for rape and murder until exonerated by DNA evidence.Carter's second marriage was to Lisa Peters. The couple separated later.In 1996, Carter, then 59, was arrested when Toronto police mistakenly identified him as a suspect in his thirties believed to have sold drugs to an undercover officer. He was released after the police realized their error.Carter often served as a motivational speaker. On October 14, 2005, he received two honorary Doctorates of Law, one from York University (Toronto, Ontario, Canada) and one from Griffith University (Brisbane, Queensland, Australia), in recognition of his work with AIDWYC and the Innocence Project. Carter received the", "of other witnesses. Goceljak also doubted whether the prosecution could reintroduce the racially motivated crime theory due to the federal court rulings. A judge granted the motion to dismiss, bringing an end to the legal proceedings.\n\nPost-emancipation\nCarter lived in Toronto, Ontario, where he became a Canadian citizen, and was executive director of the Association in Defence of the Wrongly Convicted (AIDWYC) from 1993 until 2005. Carter resigned when the AIDWYC declined to support Carter's protest of the appointment (to a judgeship) of Susan MacLean, who was the prosecutor of Canadian Guy Paul Morin, who served over eighteen months in prison for rape and murder until exonerated", "a second report was discovered, claiming they failed. After 17 hours of interrogation, they were released. Carter and Artis voluntarily appeared before a grand jury, which found there was no case to answer.\nHowever, several months later, Bello changed his story, after the police discovered why he was in the area, and his theft from the cash register. He positively identified Artis as one of the attackers, while Bradley now came forward to claim Carter was the other; based on this, the two were arrested and indicted. Bello later claimed that in return he was promised the U$10,500 reward offered for catching the killers, though it was never paid.The", "over Cape Cod and in part at a horse farm in Kentucky.In the months leading up to his death, Carter had worked for the exoneration of David McCallum, a Brooklyn man who had been incarcerated since 1985 on charges of murder. Two months before his death, Carter published \"Hurricane Carter's Dying Wish\", an opinion piece in the New York Daily News, in which he asked for an independent review of McCallum's conviction. \"I request only that McCallum be granted a full hearing by the Brooklyn conviction integrity unit, now under the auspices of the new district attorney, Ken Thompson. Knowing what I do, I am certain that when the", "Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter (May 6, 1937 – April 20, 2014) was an American middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.\nIn 1966, Carter, and his co-accused, John Artis, were arrested for a triple homicide which was committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, United States. Shortly after the killings at 2:30 am, a car, carrying Carter, Artis, and a third man, was stopped by police outside the bar while its occupants were on their way home from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their", "she changed this to an accurate description of Carter's car, which had conventional tail-lights with aluminum decoration in a butterfly shape. This aligned with that provided by Bello; the prosecution later suggested the confusion was the result of a misreading of a court transcript by the defense.Having dropped off Royster, Carter was now being driven home by Artis; they were stopped again at 3:00 AM, and ordered to follow the police to the station, where they were arrested. However, variances in descriptions given by Valentine and Bello, the physical characteristics of the attackers provided by the two survivors, lack of forensic evidence, and the timeline provided by the", "confirmed Carter and Artis were still in the Nite Spot at the time of the shootings. The all-white jury convicted both men of first-degree murder, with a recommendation of mercy, so that they were not sentenced to death. Judge Samuel Larner imposed one concurrent and two consecutive life sentences on Carter, and three concurrent life sentences on Artis.\n\nRetrial and release\nIn 1974, Bello and Bradley withdrew their identifications of Carter and Artis, and these recantations were used as the basis for a motion for a new trial. Judge Samuel Larner denied the motion on December 11, saying they \"lacked the ring of truth\".Despite Larner's ruling, Madison", "were taken during the original investigations, and 40 hours of recorded interviews of Carter by the author Ken Klonsky, who cited them in his 2011 book The Eye of the Hurricane.\n\nEarly life\nCarter was born in Clifton, New Jersey in 1937, the fourth of seven children. He later admitted to a troubled relationship with his father, a strict disciplinarian; at the age of eleven, he was sentenced to a juvenile reformatory for assault, having stabbed a man who he alleged had tried to sexually assault him. Carter escaped from the reformatory in 1954 and joined the United States Army. A few months after completing basic training at Fort Jackson, South" ]

[]

[]

[ "Court of New Jersey affirmed his convictions (4–3). Although the justices felt that the prosecutors should have disclosed Harrelson's oral opinion (about Bello's location at the time of the murders) to the defense, only a minority thought this was material. The majority thus concluded that the prosecution had not withheld information the Brady disclosure law required them to provide to the defense.According to bail bondswoman Carolyn Kelley, in 1975–1976 she helped raise funds to win a second trial for Carter, which resulted in his release on bail in March 1976. On a fund-raising trip the following month, Kelley said the boxer beat her severely over a disputed hotel" ]

[]

[ "What was Rubin Carter convicted of (the second time)?", "While on a fund-raising trip together, Carolyn Kelley said Rubin Carter beat her severely over a disputed hotel bill." ]

[ "Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter (May 6, 1937 – April 20, 2014) was an American middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.\nIn 1966, Carter, and his co-accused, John Artis, were arrested for a triple homicide which was committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, United States. Shortly after the killings at 2:30 am, a car, carrying Carter, Artis, and a third man, was stopped by police outside the bar while its occupants were on their way home from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their", "Court of New Jersey affirmed his convictions (4–3). Although the justices felt that the prosecutors should have disclosed Harrelson's oral opinion (about Bello's location at the time of the murders) to the defense, only a minority thought this was material. The majority thus concluded that the prosecution had not withheld information the Brady disclosure law required them to provide to the defense.According to bail bondswoman Carolyn Kelley, in 1975–1976 she helped raise funds to win a second trial for Carter, which resulted in his release on bail in March 1976. On a fund-raising trip the following month, Kelley said the boxer beat her severely over a disputed hotel", "of the shooting, a conclusion that contradicted Bello's 1967 trial testimony wherein he had said that he had been on the street at the time of the shooting. Despite this oral report, Harrelson's subsequent written report stated that Bello's 1967 testimony had been truthful.\n\nSecond conviction and appeal\nDuring the new trial in 1976, Alfred Bello repeated his 1967 testimony, identifying Carter and Artis as the two armed men he had seen outside the Lafayette Grill. Bradley refused to cooperate with prosecutors, and neither prosecution nor defense called him as a witness.The defense responded with testimony from multiple witnesses who identified Carter at the locations he claimed to be at", "Kelley said the boxer beat her severely over a disputed hotel bill. The Philadelphia Daily News reported the alleged beating in a front-page story several weeks later, and celebrity support for Carter quickly eroded, though Carter denied the accusation and there was insufficient evidence for legal prosecution. Mae Thelma Basket, whom Carter had married in 1963, divorced him after their second child was born, because she found out that he had been unfaithful to her.\n\nFederal court action\nIn 1985, Carter's attorneys filed a petition for a writ of habeas corpus in federal court. Later that year, Judge Haddon Lee Sarokin of the United States District Court for the District", "from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their way but, after dropping off the third man, Carter and Artis were stopped and arrested while they were passing the bar a second time, 45 minutes later.\nCarter and Artis were interrogated for 17 hours, released, then re-arrested weeks later. In 1967, they were convicted of all three murders, and given life sentences, to be served in Rahway State Prison; a retrial in 1976 upheld their sentences, but they were overturned in 1985. Prosecutors appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, but declined to try the case a third time after the appeal failed.\nCarter's autobiography, titled The", "Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot was fired in his hotel room.Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins with 19 total knockouts (8 KOs and 11 TKOs), 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights. He received an honorary championship title belt from the World Boxing Council in 1993 (as did Joey Giardello at the same banquet) and was later inducted into the New Jersey Boxing Hall of Fame.\n\nArrest and conviction\nAt approximately 2:30 AM on June 17, 1966, two men entered the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, and began shooting. The bartender, James Oliver, and a customer, Fred", "remark that \"it would humiliate the president\" and that a settlement would foil our efforts to bring down the president ... I suppose you could take the position, as [Isikoff] does, that we were working for Jones because we thought Clinton was a lecherous, lying scumbag, but this argument gets a bit circular. You could also say that Juanita Broaddrick's secret motive in accusing Clinton of rape is that she hates Clinton because he raped her. The whole reason we didn't much like Clinton was that we could see he was the sort of man who would haul a low-level government employee like Paula to his hotel", "would haul a low-level government employee like Paula to his hotel room, drop his pants, and say, \"Kiss it.\" You know: Everything his defense said about him at the impeachment trial. It's not like we secretly disliked Clinton because of his administration's position on California's citrus cartels or something, and then set to work on some crazy scheme to destroy him using a pathological intern as our Mata Hari.\nThe case went to court after Jones broke with Coulter and her original legal team, and it was dismissed via summary judgment. The judge ruled that even if her allegations proved true, Jones did not show that she had suffered", "(North Jersey).\nRaab, Selwyn (October 30, 1974). \"Two in Court Recant 1967 Testimony That Helped Convict Carter and Artis\". New York Times. Retrieved April 24, 2020.\nWice, Paul B (2000). Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter and the American Justice System. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-2864-9.\n\"Carter v. Rafferty\" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-04-24.\n\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Rubin Carter from BoxRec (registration required)\nRubin Carter at IMDb\nAppearances on C-SPAN", "a second report was discovered, claiming they failed. After 17 hours of interrogation, they were released. Carter and Artis voluntarily appeared before a grand jury, which found there was no case to answer.\nHowever, several months later, Bello changed his story, after the police discovered why he was in the area, and his theft from the cash register. He positively identified Artis as one of the attackers, while Bradley now came forward to claim Carter was the other; based on this, the two were arrested and indicted. Bello later claimed that in return he was promised the U$10,500 reward offered for catching the killers, though it was never paid.The" ]

[ "Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter (May 6, 1937 – April 20, 2014) was an American middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.\nIn 1966, Carter, and his co-accused, John Artis, were arrested for a triple homicide which was committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, United States. Shortly after the killings at 2:30 am, a car, carrying Carter, Artis, and a third man, was stopped by police outside the bar while its occupants were on their way home from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their" ]

[ "Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter (May 6, 1937 – April 20, 2014) was an American middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.\nIn 1966, Carter, and his co-accused, John Artis, were arrested for a triple homicide which was committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, United States. Shortly after the killings at 2:30 am, a car, carrying Carter, Artis, and a third man, was stopped by police outside the bar while its occupants were on their way home from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their", "from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their way but, after dropping off the third man, Carter and Artis were stopped and arrested while they were passing the bar a second time, 45 minutes later.\nCarter and Artis were interrogated for 17 hours, released, then re-arrested weeks later. In 1967, they were convicted of all three murders, and given life sentences, to be served in Rahway State Prison; a retrial in 1976 upheld their sentences, but they were overturned in 1985. Prosecutors appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, but declined to try the case a third time after the appeal failed.\nCarter's autobiography, titled The" ]

[ "What was Rubin Carter convicted of (the second time)?", "While on a fund-raising trip together, Carolyn Kelley said Rubin Carter beat her severely over a disputed hotel bill.", "What happened at the Lafayette Grill in 1966 regarding Rubin Carter?", "In 1966, police arrested Rubin Carter and friend John Artis for a triple homicide committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey.", "What was the charge brought against Rubin Carter?", "Rubin Carter and John Artis were accused of entering the Lafayette Bar and Grill at East 18th Street at Lafayette Street in Paterson, New Jersey, and shooting up the place.", "What was the sentence given to Rubin Carter?", "Rubin Carter was sentenced to three consecutive life sentences.", "Did Rubin Carter appeal?", "In 1981, Rubin Carter's attorneys continued to appeal." ]

[ "that his descriptions of the shooters were drastically different from Artis and Carter's actual appearances.The court also heard testimony from a Carter associate that Passaic County prosecutors had tried to pressure her into testifying against Carter. Prosecutors denied the charge. After deliberating for almost nine hours, the jury again found Carter and Artis guilty of the murders. Judge Leopizzi re-imposed the same sentences on both men: a double life sentence for Carter, a single life sentence for Artis.Artis was released on parole in 1981. Carter's attorneys continued to appeal. In 1982, the Supreme Court of New Jersey affirmed his convictions (4–3). Although the", "of the shooting, a conclusion that contradicted Bello's 1967 trial testimony wherein he had said that he had been on the street at the time of the shooting. Despite this oral report, Harrelson's subsequent written report stated that Bello's 1967 testimony had been truthful.\n\nSecond conviction and appeal\nDuring the new trial in 1976, Alfred Bello repeated his 1967 testimony, identifying Carter and Artis as the two armed men he had seen outside the Lafayette Grill. Bradley refused to cooperate with prosecutors, and neither prosecution nor defense called him as a witness.The defense responded with testimony from multiple witnesses who identified Carter at the locations he claimed to be at", "Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot was fired in his hotel room.Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins with 19 total knockouts (8 KOs and 11 TKOs), 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights. He received an honorary championship title belt from the World Boxing Council in 1993 (as did Joey Giardello at the same banquet) and was later inducted into the New Jersey Boxing Hall of Fame.\n\nArrest and conviction\nAt approximately 2:30 AM on June 17, 1966, two men entered the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, and began shooting. The bartender, James Oliver, and a customer, Fred", "confirmed Carter and Artis were still in the Nite Spot at the time of the shootings. The all-white jury convicted both men of first-degree murder, with a recommendation of mercy, so that they were not sentenced to death. Judge Samuel Larner imposed one concurrent and two consecutive life sentences on Carter, and three concurrent life sentences on Artis.\n\nRetrial and release\nIn 1974, Bello and Bradley withdrew their identifications of Carter and Artis, and these recantations were used as the basis for a motion for a new trial. Judge Samuel Larner denied the motion on December 11, saying they \"lacked the ring of truth\".Despite Larner's ruling, Madison", "(North Jersey).\nRaab, Selwyn (October 30, 1974). \"Two in Court Recant 1967 Testimony That Helped Convict Carter and Artis\". New York Times. Retrieved April 24, 2020.\nWice, Paul B (2000). Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter and the American Justice System. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-2864-9.\n\"Carter v. Rafferty\" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-04-24.\n\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Rubin Carter from BoxRec (registration required)\nRubin Carter at IMDb\nAppearances on C-SPAN", "began shooting. The bartender, James Oliver, and a customer, Fred Nauyoks, were killed immediately. Hazel Tanis died in a hospital a month later, having suffered multiple wounds from shotgun pellets; a third customer, Willie Marins, survived the attack, despite a head wound that cost him the sight in one eye. When questioned, both told police the shooters had been black males, but neither identified Carter or John Artis.Ten minutes after the murders, around 2:40 AM, a police cruiser stopped Carter and Artis in a rental car, returning from a night out at the Nite Spot, a nearby bar; Carter was in the back, with Artis", "Court of New Jersey affirmed his convictions (4–3). Although the justices felt that the prosecutors should have disclosed Harrelson's oral opinion (about Bello's location at the time of the murders) to the defense, only a minority thought this was material. The majority thus concluded that the prosecution had not withheld information the Brady disclosure law required them to provide to the defense.According to bail bondswoman Carolyn Kelley, in 1975–1976 she helped raise funds to win a second trial for Carter, which resulted in his release on bail in March 1976. On a fund-raising trip the following month, Kelley said the boxer beat her severely over a disputed hotel", "ten-year-old case, Prosecutor Burrell Ives Humphreys decided to try Carter and Artis again. To ensure, as best he could, that he did not use perjured testimony to obtain a conviction, Humphreys had Bello polygraphed—once by Leonard H. Harrelson and a second time by Richard Arther, both well-known and respected experts in the field. Both men concluded that Bello was telling the truth when he said that he had seen Carter outside the Lafayette immediately after the murders.\nHowever, Harrelson also reported orally that Bello had been inside the bar shortly before and at the time of the shooting, a conclusion that contradicted Bello's 1967" ]

[ "that his descriptions of the shooters were drastically different from Artis and Carter's actual appearances.The court also heard testimony from a Carter associate that Passaic County prosecutors had tried to pressure her into testifying against Carter. Prosecutors denied the charge. After deliberating for almost nine hours, the jury again found Carter and Artis guilty of the murders. Judge Leopizzi re-imposed the same sentences on both men: a double life sentence for Carter, a single life sentence for Artis.Artis was released on parole in 1981. Carter's attorneys continued to appeal. In 1982, the Supreme Court of New Jersey affirmed his convictions (4–3). Although the" ]

[ "also announced that Sparks was now a part of the Louder than Life roster. In an article with Music Connection, Remi also announced he would be producing Sparks's upcoming album. During a promotional tour for the movie, Left Behind, Sparks announced that she was in the finishing stages of her new album. Sparks also confirmed that she was no longer with her previous label, RCA Records, and stated that her single was due by the end of the year, with an album release in 2015. Sparks then mentioned that she and her label were picking the first single, first look, and deciding on the album name.On September 30, 2014, Sparks's", "\"We were willing to scrap months of work on songs, which is one of the reasons it took so long. We recorded maybe 30 songs.\" During an interview with indie music magazine Under The Radar in October 2007, Deasy stated: \"We wrote about 30 songs for this album, and a lot of the songs we discarded. They weren’t poor songs. They were perfectly good songs, but they were songs that could have fit on the first or the second album a little too easily.\"More new material was written, including \"Midnight Choir\" which became the opening track for Teenager and was also released as a single. At the suggestion of", "The self-titled Deftones was released on May 20, 2003. It entered the Billboard 200 at No. 2 and sold 167,000 copies in its first week. The album remained in the Billboard Top 100 for nine weeks, supported by the first single, \"Minerva\". The band shot a video for the album's second single, \"Hexagram\", with fans watching the band play the song in an indoor skatepark in Simi Valley, California.Reviews were mainly positive, praising the band for the album's progression and originality in the midst of declining creativity in contemporary metal. Moreno was quoted as saying, \"It's all on record. We told motherfuckers not to", "Available within forty-five minutes of its recording, hours later it had achieved number one on the UK Official Download Chart.In December 2020, the release of his album McCartney III and its subsequent charting at number 2 on the US Billboard 200 earned McCartney the feat of being the first artist to have a new album in the top two chart positions in each of the last six decades.\n\nAwards and honours\n18-time Grammy Award winner:\nNine as a member of the Beatles\nSix as a solo artist\nTwo as a member of Wings\nOne as part of a joint collaboration\nTwo-time inductee – Rock and Roll Hall of Fame:\nClass of 1988 as a member of the", "than previous albums. Anthony played bass on three songs, with Eddie playing the bass parts for the six other songs that featured bass. Anthony is credited as a songwriter for the album along with the rest of the band. Anthony performed with the band for the 1998 tour, and was credited on messages from the band thereafter. He participated in the band's three reunion efforts with David Lee Roth in 1996, 2000 and 2001 (with the latter resulting in early versions of A Different Kind of Truth tracks). Anthony's name was also credited in a few band newsletters and appeared in band interviews during this time. Sometime after this, Anthony disappeared", "It\" (censored radio edit) – 3:41\n\"Been It\" (radio edit) – 3:40\n\"Blah Blah Blah\" – 2:58\n\"Losers\" (First Try) – 3:15UK limited-edition 7-inch single (Stockholm/Trampolene: 575 966–7)A. \"Been It\" (censored radio edit) – 3:41\nB. \"Been It\" (radio edit) – 3:40US 12-inch single (Mercury: 314 571 279–1)\"Been It\" (Tee's Freeze Mix) – 6:59\n\"Been It\" (Tee's Inhouse Vocal) – 6:15\n\"Lovefool\" (Tee's Indeep Mix) – 7:56\n\"Lovefool\" (Tee's Freeze Club) – 7:10Canadian and US CD single (Trampolene/Stockholm/Mercury: 314 571 279–2)\"Been", "\"We've made so many records and we clearly know how to make a record and we definitely didn't take the easy way out this time.\"\nThe first single from the new album was revealed to be titled \"Heavy\" and features pop singer Kiiara, the first time the band has featured a female vocalist on an original song for a studio album. The lyrics for the song were co-written by Linkin Park with Julia Michaels and Justin Tranter. The single was released for download on February 16. As they have done in the past, Linkin Park had cryptic messages online in relation to the new album. The album cover was revealed", "song live during a scene as themselves.The album spent 21 weeks on the Billboard Heatseekers chart, reaching a peak position of 23. When asked what he attributed the album's success to, Cheng responded, \"One word: perseverance. We've been together for almost eight years, on the road for two, and we do it with honesty and integrity—and the kids can tell\". The album was certified gold by the RIAA on July 7, 1999, and was certified platinum on September 23, 2008.Regarding the recording of the album, Cunningham said, \"At the time we did the first record—which I really like and think is good—you can tell the", "pair were already accomplished young musicians before joining the band. Lastly, Van Vliet claimed to have gone a year and half without sleeping. When asked how this was possible, he claimed to have only eaten fruit.Critic Steve Huey of AllMusic writes that the album's influence \"was felt more in spirit than in direct copycatting, as a catalyst rather than a literal musical starting point. However, its inspiring reimagining of what was possible in a rock context laid the groundwork for countless experiments in rock surrealism to follow, especially during the punk and new wave era.\" In 2003, the album was ranked sixtieth by Rolling Stone in their list", "to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). About writing the album, Dylan says, \"I was just also writing during a time when the world felt like it was falling apart. That changes the way you address even the simplest things, because you have panic in your mind all the time. You have anxiety. And you also have hope. And it’s all in there\".\n\nBand members\nTimeline\nDiscography\nStudio albums\n\nThe Wallflowers (1992)\nBringing Down the Horse (1996)\n(Breach) (2000)\nRed Letter Days (2002)\nRebel, Sweetheart (2005)\nGlad All Over (2012)\nExit Wounds (2021)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nTrouser Press entry" ]

[]

[]

[ "Weather Report is the debut studio album by American jazz fusion band Weather Report, released on May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records. The album was reissued by Sony and digitally remastered by Vic Anesini in November 1991 at Sony Music Studios in New York City.\n\nLiner notes\nWriting on the back sleeve of the album, Clive Davis, the then president of Columbia Records, opines: \"There have always been two kinds of musicians-those who create and those who imitate. Weather Report creates. It is that rare thing in music, an original […] Together these gifted young musicians have created Weather Report, a soundtrack for the mind, the imagination, for opening up heads" ]

[ "Weather Report is the debut studio album by American jazz fusion band Weather Report, released on May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records. The album was reissued by Sony and digitally remastered by Vic Anesini in November 1991 at Sony Music Studios in New York City.\n\nLiner notes\nWriting on the back sleeve of the album, Clive Davis, the then president of Columbia Records, opines: \"There have always been two kinds of musicians-those who create and those who imitate. Weather Report creates. It is that rare thing in music, an original […] Together these gifted young musicians have created Weather Report, a soundtrack for the mind, the imagination, for opening up heads", "approaching a time warp.\"\n\nTrack listing\nPersonnel\nCredits for Weather Report adapted from liner notes.Weather Report\n\nJoe Zawinul – electric and acoustic piano\nWayne Shorter – soprano saxophone\nMiroslav Vitouš – electric and acoustic bass\nAlphonse Mouzon – drums, voice\nAirto Moreira – percussionOther musicians\n\nBarbara Burton – percussion (uncredited)\nDon Alias – percussion (uncredited)Technical\n\nWayne Tarnowski – engineering\nEd Lee – cover design\nEd Freeman – cover photography\nShoviza Productions, Inc. – production\n\nAwards\n\"Jazz Album of the Year\", DownBeat Readers Poll.\nSwing Journal magazine Grand Prix Award (a gold record given for winning the Journal's Readers' and Critics' polls).\n\nReferences\n\n\n== External links ==", "used on In the Aeroplane Over the Sea. Schneider claimed that the nonlinearities of microphone distortion gave the album its unique \"warm\" quality.In the Aeroplane Over the Sea was released on February 10, 1998. Merge pressed 5,500 CD and 1,600 vinyl copies, and expected sales to be similar to On Avery Island. These initial projections were correct, as the album sold moderately well for the first few months. Critical responses to In the Aeroplane Over the Sea were mostly positive, but not laudatory. Rob Brunner of Entertainment Weekly praised the unique instrumentation and \"bouncy pop melodies\", but described some of the songs as \"lifeless acoustic" ]

[ "What was one of Weather Report's albums?", "Weather Report is the debut studio album by American jazz-fusion band Weather Report, released in May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records.", "What year did Weather Report's self-titled album come out?", "Weather Report's self-titled album was released on May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records." ]

[ "a soundtrack for the mind, the imagination, for opening up heads and hearts.\"\n\nCritical reception\nReviewing in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981), Robert Christgau called the album \"In a Silent Way played mostly for atmosphere\", and went on to write: \"The Milesian demi-jazz of side two sounds pretty finky (no misprint intended), but the tone-poem impressionism of side one does its mysterious work. Highlight: the opening mood piece, 'Milky Way,' in which two Silent Way vets, soprano saxophonist Wayne Shorter and pianist Joe Zawinul, make sounds that suggest a carillon approaching a time warp.\"\n\nTrack listing\nPersonnel\nCredits for Weather Report adapted", "bands in Columbus, Ohio and Ann Arbor, Michigan, then moved to Boston in the early 1970s. In Boston, Ocasek and Orr, along with lead guitarist Jas Goodkind, formed a Crosby, Stills and Nash-style folk rock band called Milkwood. In 1972, they released one album, How's the Weather, on Paramount Records, that failed to chart.\nAfter Milkwood, Ocasek and Orr formed the group Richard and the Rabbits, whose name was suggested by Jonathan Richman. The band included Greg Hawkes, who had studied at the Berklee School of Music and had played saxophone on Milkwood's album. Hawkes left to tour with Martin Mull and His Fabulous", "most of 1979 on tour in the US playing with his California Blues Band. One of these dates in early 1979 included a trip to Cuba to participate in the Havana Jam festival that took place between March 2 and 4, alongside Weather Report, the Trio of Doom, Fania All-Stars, Billy Swan, Bonnie Bramlett, Mike Finnigan, Kris Kristofferson, Rita Coolidge and Billy Joel, as well as an array of Cuban artists such as Irakere, with whom he toured the US after the Havana concerts. His performance is captured on Ernesto Juan Castellanos's documentary Havana Jam '79.\nIn 1979, Stills recorded one of the first entirely digital albums;", "in late 1974. In 1973–1974, Stills was recording another solo album called As I Come Of Age, which was put aside for the CSNY reunion tour. Many songs were used for the 1975 Stills album. In 1974, Stills played bass on, and helped mix his wife's record Le Maudit. He also played bass for her at two concerts in Paris in October 1974.\n\nSigning to Columbia Records and The Stills Young Band (1975–1976)\nStills signed to Columbia Records for three albums: Stills in 1975, Illegal Stills in 1976; and Thoroughfare Gap in 1978. Stills released in June 1975, was the highest-charting release of the three at number 22 on", "was becoming obvious ... [and] as far as Paul was concerned, George [Harrison] could do no right—Paul was absolutely finicky.\"In 1966, the Beatles released the album Revolver. Featuring sophisticated lyrics, studio experimentation, and an expanded repertoire of musical genres ranging from innovative string arrangements to psychedelic rock, the album marked an artistic leap for the Beatles. The first of three consecutive McCartney A-sides, the single \"Paperback Writer\" preceded the LP's release. The Beatles produced a short promotional film for the song, and another for its B-side, \"Rain\". The films, described by Harrison as \"the forerunner of videos\", aired on The Ed Sullivan Show and", "After spending fourteen months working on the album, the band members opted to further refine their album by removing five of the original seventeen tracks. The album's title, a reference to the Doomsday Clock, foreshadowed the band's new lyrical themes. Minutes to Midnight sold over 625,000 copies in its first week, making it one of the most successful debut week albums in recent years. The album also took the top spot on the Billboard Charts.\nThe album's first single, \"What I've Done\", was released on April 2, and premiered on MTV and Fuse within the same week. The single was acclaimed by listeners, becoming the top-ranked song", "Jazz Workshop through the Banff School of Fine Arts in Alberta, Canada. In addition, he has taught workshops and master classes around the world at universities and music schools and is President of the UK-based National Youth Jazz Collective.\n\nDiscography\nAs leader\nConference of the Birds (ECM, 1973) – recorded in 1972\nEmerald Tears (ECM, 1978) – recorded in 1977. solo bass.\nLife Cycle (ECM, 1983) – recorded in 1982. solo cello.\nJumpin' In (ECM, 1983)\nSeeds of Time (ECM, 1984)\nThe Razor's Edge (ECM, 1987)\nTriplicate (ECM, 1988)\nExtensions (ECM, 1990)\nOnes All (VeraBra, 1993) – solo bass\nDream of the Elders (ECM, 1995) –" ]

[ "a soundtrack for the mind, the imagination, for opening up heads and hearts.\"\n\nCritical reception\nReviewing in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981), Robert Christgau called the album \"In a Silent Way played mostly for atmosphere\", and went on to write: \"The Milesian demi-jazz of side two sounds pretty finky (no misprint intended), but the tone-poem impressionism of side one does its mysterious work. Highlight: the opening mood piece, 'Milky Way,' in which two Silent Way vets, soprano saxophonist Wayne Shorter and pianist Joe Zawinul, make sounds that suggest a carillon approaching a time warp.\"\n\nTrack listing\nPersonnel\nCredits for Weather Report adapted" ]

[]

[ "What was one of Weather Report's albums?", "Weather Report is the debut studio album by American jazz-fusion band Weather Report, released in May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records.", "What year did Weather Report's self-titled album come out?", "Weather Report's self-titled album was released on May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records.", "What was said about Weather Report's self-titled album?", "Reviewing in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies, Robert Christgau called Weather Report's album In a Silent Way played mostly for atmosphere.", "Who helped produce Weather Report's self-titled album?", "Shoviza Productions was the producer of Weather Report's self-titled album" ]

[ "Weather Report is the debut studio album by American jazz fusion band Weather Report, released on May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records. The album was reissued by Sony and digitally remastered by Vic Anesini in November 1991 at Sony Music Studios in New York City.\n\nLiner notes\nWriting on the back sleeve of the album, Clive Davis, the then president of Columbia Records, opines: \"There have always been two kinds of musicians-those who create and those who imitate. Weather Report creates. It is that rare thing in music, an original […] Together these gifted young musicians have created Weather Report, a soundtrack for the mind, the imagination, for opening up heads", "approaching a time warp.\"\n\nTrack listing\nPersonnel\nCredits for Weather Report adapted from liner notes.Weather Report\n\nJoe Zawinul – electric and acoustic piano\nWayne Shorter – soprano saxophone\nMiroslav Vitouš – electric and acoustic bass\nAlphonse Mouzon – drums, voice\nAirto Moreira – percussionOther musicians\n\nBarbara Burton – percussion (uncredited)\nDon Alias – percussion (uncredited)Technical\n\nWayne Tarnowski – engineering\nEd Lee – cover design\nEd Freeman – cover photography\nShoviza Productions, Inc. – production\n\nAwards\n\"Jazz Album of the Year\", DownBeat Readers Poll.\nSwing Journal magazine Grand Prix Award (a gold record given for winning the Journal's Readers' and Critics' polls).\n\nReferences\n\n\n== External links ==", "a soundtrack for the mind, the imagination, for opening up heads and hearts.\"\n\nCritical reception\nReviewing in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981), Robert Christgau called the album \"In a Silent Way played mostly for atmosphere\", and went on to write: \"The Milesian demi-jazz of side two sounds pretty finky (no misprint intended), but the tone-poem impressionism of side one does its mysterious work. Highlight: the opening mood piece, 'Milky Way,' in which two Silent Way vets, soprano saxophonist Wayne Shorter and pianist Joe Zawinul, make sounds that suggest a carillon approaching a time warp.\"\n\nTrack listing\nPersonnel\nCredits for Weather Report adapted", "used on In the Aeroplane Over the Sea. Schneider claimed that the nonlinearities of microphone distortion gave the album its unique \"warm\" quality.In the Aeroplane Over the Sea was released on February 10, 1998. Merge pressed 5,500 CD and 1,600 vinyl copies, and expected sales to be similar to On Avery Island. These initial projections were correct, as the album sold moderately well for the first few months. Critical responses to In the Aeroplane Over the Sea were mostly positive, but not laudatory. Rob Brunner of Entertainment Weekly praised the unique instrumentation and \"bouncy pop melodies\", but described some of the songs as \"lifeless acoustic", "bands in Columbus, Ohio and Ann Arbor, Michigan, then moved to Boston in the early 1970s. In Boston, Ocasek and Orr, along with lead guitarist Jas Goodkind, formed a Crosby, Stills and Nash-style folk rock band called Milkwood. In 1972, they released one album, How's the Weather, on Paramount Records, that failed to chart.\nAfter Milkwood, Ocasek and Orr formed the group Richard and the Rabbits, whose name was suggested by Jonathan Richman. The band included Greg Hawkes, who had studied at the Berklee School of Music and had played saxophone on Milkwood's album. Hawkes left to tour with Martin Mull and His Fabulous", "The last date of the first 1973 Manassas tour was recorded for ABC In Concert. Cashbox magazine ranked Manassas as the number 58 group of 1973. Billboard ranked Down The Road as the number 36 of new album artists.\nIn 1972/73, Stills left the services of David Geffen and set up his own publishing company with Ken Weiss, called Gold Hill Publishing, named after his home in Boulder, Colorado.\n\nSolo and CSNY tours (1974)\nStills spent early 1974 on a sold out East coast tour where he played well respected theatres, including Carnegie Hall. The 1975 live album Stephen Stills Live was made up of recordings from this tour. It was also", "After spending fourteen months working on the album, the band members opted to further refine their album by removing five of the original seventeen tracks. The album's title, a reference to the Doomsday Clock, foreshadowed the band's new lyrical themes. Minutes to Midnight sold over 625,000 copies in its first week, making it one of the most successful debut week albums in recent years. The album also took the top spot on the Billboard Charts.\nThe album's first single, \"What I've Done\", was released on April 2, and premiered on MTV and Fuse within the same week. The single was acclaimed by listeners, becoming the top-ranked song", "was so high for tickets that Barlow added more dates, which also sold out instantly. It was also revealed by ticket marketplace SeatWave, that Gary Barlow's solo shows had sold six times more tickets than Robbie Williams' solo concerts, despite being on sale for a week less.\nIn September 2013, Barlow announced via his Twitter account that he would be releasing his first full-length solo album in 14 years, on 25 November 2013. Barlow encouraged his followers and fans to tweet #GBSOLO to reveal the album artwork and title, with their profile pictures being used to create a collage of the album cover. On 4 October 2013, Barlow revealed his", "most of 1979 on tour in the US playing with his California Blues Band. One of these dates in early 1979 included a trip to Cuba to participate in the Havana Jam festival that took place between March 2 and 4, alongside Weather Report, the Trio of Doom, Fania All-Stars, Billy Swan, Bonnie Bramlett, Mike Finnigan, Kris Kristofferson, Rita Coolidge and Billy Joel, as well as an array of Cuban artists such as Irakere, with whom he toured the US after the Havana concerts. His performance is captured on Ernesto Juan Castellanos's documentary Havana Jam '79.\nIn 1979, Stills recorded one of the first entirely digital albums;", "in late 1974. In 1973–1974, Stills was recording another solo album called As I Come Of Age, which was put aside for the CSNY reunion tour. Many songs were used for the 1975 Stills album. In 1974, Stills played bass on, and helped mix his wife's record Le Maudit. He also played bass for her at two concerts in Paris in October 1974.\n\nSigning to Columbia Records and The Stills Young Band (1975–1976)\nStills signed to Columbia Records for three albums: Stills in 1975, Illegal Stills in 1976; and Thoroughfare Gap in 1978. Stills released in June 1975, was the highest-charting release of the three at number 22 on" ]

[ "Weather Report is the debut studio album by American jazz fusion band Weather Report, released on May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records. The album was reissued by Sony and digitally remastered by Vic Anesini in November 1991 at Sony Music Studios in New York City.\n\nLiner notes\nWriting on the back sleeve of the album, Clive Davis, the then president of Columbia Records, opines: \"There have always been two kinds of musicians-those who create and those who imitate. Weather Report creates. It is that rare thing in music, an original […] Together these gifted young musicians have created Weather Report, a soundtrack for the mind, the imagination, for opening up heads" ]

[ "Weather Report was an American jazz fusion band active from 1970 to 1986. The band was founded in 1970 by Austrian keyboardist Joe Zawinul, American saxophonist Wayne Shorter, Czech bassist Miroslav Vitouš, American drummer Alphonse Mouzon as well as American percussionists Don Alias and Barbara Burton. The band was initially co-led by co-frontmen Joe Zawinul and Wayne Shorter but, subsequently as the 1970s progressed, Joe Zawinul largely became the sole musical leader of the group. Other prominent members at various points in the band's lifespan included Jaco Pastorius, Alphonso Johnson, Victor Bailey, Chester Thompson, Peter Erskine, Airto Moreira, and Alex Acuña. Throughout most", "as \"music beyond category\".In 1972, Weather Report released its second album, I Sing the Body Electric. The first side featured new studio recordings, while the second side was taken from live recordings of a concert in Tokyo, featuring the full-band lineup of Zawinul, Shorter, Vitouš, Eric Gravatt, and Dom Um Romão (and later available in full as the 1972 Japan-only double album Live in Tokyo). The studio side used extended versions of the band including various guest performers, suggesting that Weather Report was not necessarily an integral jazz band, but might possibly work as an expandable project set up to realise the music of its three composers.", "Moreira (yet another Davis alumnus) was brought in to complete the record. Guitarist John McLaughlin was also invited to join the group, but decided to pursue his solo career, instead.\n\n1971–1972: Avant-garde collective\nWeather Report's debut album Weather Report featured a softer sound than would be the case in later years, predominantly using acoustic bass, with Shorter exclusively playing soprano saxophone. It built on the avant-garde experiments which Zawinul and Shorter had pioneered with Miles Davis on Bitches Brew, including an avoidance of head-and-chorus composition in favor of continuous rhythm and movement. DownBeat magazine described the album as \"music beyond category\".In 1972, Weather Report released its second", "variety of sounds and tone colors to make the band stand out. During the first half of their career, Weather Report were seen as one of the defining acts in modern jazz, winning the DownBeat \"best album award\" five times in a row.\nAlongside bands such as Mahavishnu Orchestra, Return to Forever, and Herbie Hancock's Headhunters (all with members inspired by and partially responsible for the fusion-era work of Miles Davis), Weather Report is widely considered one of the defining bands of the jazz fusion genre.\n\nMusical style\nOver their 16-year career, Weather Report explored various types of music, predominantly centered on jazz (initially the \"free\" variety), but also", "Weather Report material in California.\nWeather Report's next album Weather Report (1982) – their second eponymous release following their 1971 debut – was recorded in 1981, although it was not released for another year. Zawinul's dominance as instrumentalist and composer (as well as group director) was even more pronounced on this album. Much of the band's music was increasingly written out rather than improvised. In the event, Pastorius spent more of his creative attention on the Word of Mouth project: his only writing for the Weather Report album being his contribution to a single, group-composed piece. Shorter (who only contributed one whole composition to the 1982 album beyond group-written", "Johnson).\nWith the exception of a brief quartet period between 1978 and 1979 (wherein other members could double on various percussion instruments), Weather Report's instrumentation always included both a drummer and a percussionist. For its first eight years of existence, the group had difficulty finding a permanent drummer, moving through about one drummer per year until Jaco Pastorius helped to recruit Peter Erskine in 1978. Erskine and Omar Hakim were the only drummers who played with Weather Report for more than two years.\n\nHistory\n1970: Inception and formation\nJoe Zawinul and Wayne Shorter had first met and become friends in 1959 while they were playing in Maynard Ferguson's Big Band. Zawinul", "predominantly centered on jazz (initially the \"free\" variety), but also incorporating elements of art music, ethnic music, R&B, funk, and rock. While their work was categorized as \"jazz fusion\", the band members generally distanced themselves from that term.\nFrom the start, Weather Report took the unusual approach of abandoning the traditional \"soloist/accompaniment\" demarcation of straight-ahead jazz and featured opportunities for continuous improvisation by every member of the band. That position remained consistent throughout the life of the band. From the point where Alphonso Johnson joined the band, individual solos became more prominent in concert, but were never allowed to overwhelm the collective approach. Initially, the", "while they were playing in Maynard Ferguson's Big Band. Zawinul went on to play with Cannonball Adderley's group in the 1960s, while Shorter joined Art Blakey's Jazz Messengers and then, in 1964, Miles Davis' second great quintet. During this decade, both men made names for themselves as being among the best composers in jazz.\nZawinul later joined Shorter in contributing to the initial fusion music recordings of Miles Davis, and both men were part of the studio groups that recorded the key Davis albums In a Silent Way (1969) and Bitches Brew (1970). Weather Report was initially formed to explore a more impressionistic and individualistic music (or,", "later described this lineup as \"one of the greatest bands of all time! That band was a hummer!\"Between March 2 and 4, 1979, Weather Report traveled to Havana, Cuba, to participate in the historic Havana Jam festival, a break in mutual Cuban/American political hostilities, which had American artists such as Stephen Stills, the CBS Jazz All-Stars, Bonnie Bramlett, Kris Kristofferson, Rita Coolidge, and Billy Joel play alongside Cuban artists such as Irakere, Pacho Alonso, Tata Güines, and Orquesta Aragón. Another featured performance was by the Trio of Doom (a short-lived teaming of Pastorius with John McLaughlin and Tony Williams). Weather Report's performance" ]

[ "What was one of Weather Report's albums?", "Weather Report is the debut studio album by American jazz-fusion band Weather Report, released in May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records.", "What year did Weather Report's self-titled album come out?", "Weather Report's self-titled album was released on May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records.", "What was said about Weather Report's self-titled album?", "Reviewing in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies, Robert Christgau called Weather Report's album In a Silent Way played mostly for atmosphere.", "Who helped produce Weather Report's self-titled album?", "Shoviza Productions was the producer of Weather Report's self-titled album", "What was weird about Weather Report's self-titled album?", "Although Airto Moreira completed the recording of the debut Weather Report album, his existing commitments to Miles Davis prevented him from performing live with the group." ]

[ "from percussion to the drum kit, and Don Alias was replaced by the young Puerto Rican percussionist Manolo Badrena, who had previously played with various Latin rock bands and with Art Blakey. The band made a very well-received appearance in July at the Montreux Jazz Festival 1976, which was filmed for future release.\n\n1977–1979: Jazz-rock stars\nThe recruitment of Jaco Pastorius helped to push Weather Report to the height of its popularity. Already a rising star in his own right, Pastorius brought a very musical, melodic quality to the bass. He could play muscular, lightning-fast groove lines influenced by R&B or funk, as well as demonstrating an extraordinary" ]

[ "from percussion to the drum kit, and Don Alias was replaced by the young Puerto Rican percussionist Manolo Badrena, who had previously played with various Latin rock bands and with Art Blakey. The band made a very well-received appearance in July at the Montreux Jazz Festival 1976, which was filmed for future release.\n\n1977–1979: Jazz-rock stars\nThe recruitment of Jaco Pastorius helped to push Weather Report to the height of its popularity. Already a rising star in his own right, Pastorius brought a very musical, melodic quality to the bass. He could play muscular, lightning-fast groove lines influenced by R&B or funk, as well as demonstrating an extraordinary" ]

[ "Weather Report was an American jazz fusion band active from 1970 to 1986. The band was founded in 1970 by Austrian keyboardist Joe Zawinul, American saxophonist Wayne Shorter, Czech bassist Miroslav Vitouš, American drummer Alphonse Mouzon as well as American percussionists Don Alias and Barbara Burton. The band was initially co-led by co-frontmen Joe Zawinul and Wayne Shorter but, subsequently as the 1970s progressed, Joe Zawinul largely became the sole musical leader of the group. Other prominent members at various points in the band's lifespan included Jaco Pastorius, Alphonso Johnson, Victor Bailey, Chester Thompson, Peter Erskine, Airto Moreira, and Alex Acuña. Throughout most", "as \"music beyond category\".In 1972, Weather Report released its second album, I Sing the Body Electric. The first side featured new studio recordings, while the second side was taken from live recordings of a concert in Tokyo, featuring the full-band lineup of Zawinul, Shorter, Vitouš, Eric Gravatt, and Dom Um Romão (and later available in full as the 1972 Japan-only double album Live in Tokyo). The studio side used extended versions of the band including various guest performers, suggesting that Weather Report was not necessarily an integral jazz band, but might possibly work as an expandable project set up to realise the music of its three composers.", "Moreira (yet another Davis alumnus) was brought in to complete the record. Guitarist John McLaughlin was also invited to join the group, but decided to pursue his solo career, instead.\n\n1971–1972: Avant-garde collective\nWeather Report's debut album Weather Report featured a softer sound than would be the case in later years, predominantly using acoustic bass, with Shorter exclusively playing soprano saxophone. It built on the avant-garde experiments which Zawinul and Shorter had pioneered with Miles Davis on Bitches Brew, including an avoidance of head-and-chorus composition in favor of continuous rhythm and movement. DownBeat magazine described the album as \"music beyond category\".In 1972, Weather Report released its second", "from percussion to the drum kit, and Don Alias was replaced by the young Puerto Rican percussionist Manolo Badrena, who had previously played with various Latin rock bands and with Art Blakey. The band made a very well-received appearance in July at the Montreux Jazz Festival 1976, which was filmed for future release.\n\n1977–1979: Jazz-rock stars\nThe recruitment of Jaco Pastorius helped to push Weather Report to the height of its popularity. Already a rising star in his own right, Pastorius brought a very musical, melodic quality to the bass. He could play muscular, lightning-fast groove lines influenced by R&B or funk, as well as demonstrating an extraordinary", "variety of sounds and tone colors to make the band stand out. During the first half of their career, Weather Report were seen as one of the defining acts in modern jazz, winning the DownBeat \"best album award\" five times in a row.\nAlongside bands such as Mahavishnu Orchestra, Return to Forever, and Herbie Hancock's Headhunters (all with members inspired by and partially responsible for the fusion-era work of Miles Davis), Weather Report is widely considered one of the defining bands of the jazz fusion genre.\n\nMusical style\nOver their 16-year career, Weather Report explored various types of music, predominantly centered on jazz (initially the \"free\" variety), but also", "Johnson).\nWith the exception of a brief quartet period between 1978 and 1979 (wherein other members could double on various percussion instruments), Weather Report's instrumentation always included both a drummer and a percussionist. For its first eight years of existence, the group had difficulty finding a permanent drummer, moving through about one drummer per year until Jaco Pastorius helped to recruit Peter Erskine in 1978. Erskine and Omar Hakim were the only drummers who played with Weather Report for more than two years.\n\nHistory\n1970: Inception and formation\nJoe Zawinul and Wayne Shorter had first met and become friends in 1959 while they were playing in Maynard Ferguson's Big Band. Zawinul", "later described this lineup as \"one of the greatest bands of all time! That band was a hummer!\"Between March 2 and 4, 1979, Weather Report traveled to Havana, Cuba, to participate in the historic Havana Jam festival, a break in mutual Cuban/American political hostilities, which had American artists such as Stephen Stills, the CBS Jazz All-Stars, Bonnie Bramlett, Kris Kristofferson, Rita Coolidge, and Billy Joel play alongside Cuban artists such as Irakere, Pacho Alonso, Tata Güines, and Orquesta Aragón. Another featured performance was by the Trio of Doom (a short-lived teaming of Pastorius with John McLaughlin and Tony Williams). Weather Report's performance", "Weather Report material in California.\nWeather Report's next album Weather Report (1982) – their second eponymous release following their 1971 debut – was recorded in 1981, although it was not released for another year. Zawinul's dominance as instrumentalist and composer (as well as group director) was even more pronounced on this album. Much of the band's music was increasingly written out rather than improvised. In the event, Pastorius spent more of his creative attention on the Word of Mouth project: his only writing for the Weather Report album being his contribution to a single, group-composed piece. Shorter (who only contributed one whole composition to the 1982 album beyond group-written", "predominantly centered on jazz (initially the \"free\" variety), but also incorporating elements of art music, ethnic music, R&B, funk, and rock. While their work was categorized as \"jazz fusion\", the band members generally distanced themselves from that term.\nFrom the start, Weather Report took the unusual approach of abandoning the traditional \"soloist/accompaniment\" demarcation of straight-ahead jazz and featured opportunities for continuous improvisation by every member of the band. That position remained consistent throughout the life of the band. From the point where Alphonso Johnson joined the band, individual solos became more prominent in concert, but were never allowed to overwhelm the collective approach. Initially, the", "Weather Report, with Shorter bringing in Zawinul afterwards. Whichever story is true, it was those three musicians – all composers – who formed the initial core of the project.\nTo complete the band, Zawinul, Shorter and Vitouš brought in former McCoy Tyner drummer Alphonse Mouzon and began recording their debut album while looking for a full-time auxiliary percussionist. The initial recruits were session percussion player Don Alias and symphony orchestra percussionist Barbara Burton. During recording, Alias quarreled with Zawinul (allegedly due to Zawinul being too dictatorial over the percussion approach) and the innovative Brazilian percussionist Airto Moreira (yet another Davis alumnus) was brought in to complete" ]

[ "What was one of Weather Report's albums?", "Weather Report is the debut studio album by American jazz-fusion band Weather Report, released in May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records.", "What year did Weather Report's self-titled album come out?", "Weather Report's self-titled album was released on May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records.", "What was said about Weather Report's self-titled album?", "Reviewing in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies, Robert Christgau called Weather Report's album In a Silent Way played mostly for atmosphere.", "Who helped produce Weather Report's self-titled album?", "Shoviza Productions was the producer of Weather Report's self-titled album", "What was weird about Weather Report's self-titled album?", "Although Airto Moreira completed the recording of the debut Weather Report album, his existing commitments to Miles Davis prevented him from performing live with the group.", "Who moved in Weather Report?", "In the band Weather Report, Alex Acuña moved from percussion to the drum kit, and Don Alias was replaced by the young Puerto Rican percussionist Manolo Badrena." ]

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[ "of a variety of drummers – Pastorius played the kit on two tracks and further contributions came from Tony Williams, Steve Gadd, and Peter Erskine (the latter an ex-Stan Kenton/Maynard Ferguson drummer recruited to the project by Pastorius). Erskine became a full member of the band for the next tour and remained with Weather Report until 1982. The album also featured guest appearances from Deniece Williams and Earth Wind and Fire leader Maurice White.\nThe album rose to No. 1 on the Billboard Jazz Albums chart.Notoriously, Mr. Gone (1978) received only a one-star review rating from DownBeat after a string of group releases which had all pulled a" ]

[ "96, and currently has a capacity of 30,445.\nThe City Ground is 300 yards away from Notts County's Meadow Lane stadium on the opposite side of the Trent, meaning the two grounds are the closest professional football stadia geographically in England. In 1898 the City Ground was within the boundaries of Nottingham, which had been given city status the year before and gave rise to the name of the stadium. However, a boundary change in the 1950s means that the City Ground now stands just outside of the city's boundaries in the town of West Bridgford.\nOn 28 February 2019, Nottingham Forest announced plans to redevelop the City Ground and", "simpler \"Forest\" – as used on the club crest – is commonly used. Another, lesser-used, nickname referring to the club is the \"Tricky Trees\".\n\nStadium\nCity Ground\nSince 1898, Nottingham Forest have played their home games at the City Ground in West Bridgford, on the banks of the River Trent. Prior to moving to the City Ground, Forest played their home games at Forest Recreation Ground, then Trent Bridge, and finally the purpose-built Town Ground. Since 1994, the City Ground has been all-seater, a preparation that was made in time for the ground to be a venue for Euro 96, and currently has a capacity of 30,445.\nThe City", "Nottingham Forest announced plans to redevelop the City Ground and surrounding area, including the \"creation of a new, world-class Peter Taylor Stand\". It is expected this will increase the capacity of the stadium to 38,000, making it the largest football stadium in the East Midlands. The club was hopeful that building work could begin at the end of the 2019-20 season, but the development was put on hold due to \"delays in the planning process\". In September 2022, Rushcliffe Borough Council's planning committee approved the club's request for planning permission.\n\nGround history\nLocal rivals, derbies and supporters\nWhilst Notts County is the closest professional football club geographically, Forest" ]

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[ "Nottingham Forest Football Club is a professional football club based in West Bridgford, Nottingham, England. Founded in 1865, Forest have played their home games at the City Ground since 1898. One of six English clubs to have won the European Cup, Nottingham Forest currently compete in the Premier League, the top division of the English football league system.\nNottingham Forest have won two European Cups (now the UEFA Champions League), one UEFA Super Cup, one League title, two FA Cups, four League Cups, and one FA Charity Shield. The club has competed in the top two tiers of English football since its admission to the Football League, with the exception of", "in 1979 and 1980.\nIn March 1973, a competition was announced to design a new badge for Forest. The winning design was by Trent Polytechnic graphic design lecturer David Lewis. Lewis entered his design using his mother's maiden name in order to maintain anonymity, as one of the five judges was W. Payne, Associate Head of the Graphics Department at the polytechnic where Lewis taught. David Lewis also designed the Nottinghamshire County Council logo.\n\nNomenclature\nThe club has garnered many nicknames over time. Historically, the nickname of \"the Reds\" was used, as was \"Garibaldis\". \"The Forest\" or the simpler \"Forest\" – as used on the club crest – is", "two divisions.\nLeicester City were widely considered to be Forest's main East Midlands rivals prior to Brian Clough's success at both Derby and Forest. The ferocity is now most fiercely felt by fans who live around the Leicestershire-Nottinghamshire border.Forest's other regional rival is Sheffield United, based in the neighbouring county of South Yorkshire, a rivalry which has roots in the UK miners' strike of 1984–85 when the miners of South Yorkshire walked out on long strikes but some Nottinghamshire miners, who insisted on holding a ballot, continued to work. The 2003 Football League Championship Play-off semi-final between the two clubs, in which Sheffield United finished as 5–4 aggregate", "been given to the winner of this East Midlands derby.\n\nHistory\n19th century\nIn 1865 a group of shinty players met at the Clinton Arms on Nottingham's Shakespeare Street. J.S. Scrimshaw's proposal to play association football instead was agreed and Nottingham Forest Football Club was formed. It was agreed at the same meeting that the club would purchase twelve tasselled caps coloured 'Garibaldi Red' (named after the leader of the Italian 'Redshirts' fighters). Thus the club's official colours were established. Matches were originally played at Forest Racecourse, the presumed source of the word 'Forest' in the team's name.\nFrom 2019 to 2023, Nottingham Forest claimed to be", "club Independiente to adopt red as their club colour, after club's President Arístides Langone described the tourists as looking like diablos rojos (\"red devils\"), which would become Independiente's nickname.The first club crest used by Forest was the city arms of Nottingham, which was first used on kits in 1947. The current club badge was introduced in 1974. The logo has been reported as being the brainchild of manager Brian Clough. However, he did not arrive at the club until the following year. Forest have two stars above the club badge to commemorate its European Cup victories in 1979 and 1980.\nIn March 1973, a competition was announced", "name.\nFrom 2019 to 2023, Nottingham Forest claimed to be the oldest remaining club in the English Football League. In 2019, when Notts County were relegated from the league, Stoke City claimed to be the oldest remaining club, but football historian Mark Metcalf stated that Stoke was formed in 1868, rather than the 1863 date on the club's badge, and therefore Forest was the oldest club. The EFL also stated that Nottingham Forest was the oldest.Forest's first ever official game was played against Notts County taking place on 22 March 1866. On 23 April 1870, when the team played their first game in league play, the steward of the club", "club in the relegation zone, sporting director Filippo Giraldi was sacked after six months in the job.On 20 May 2023, Nottingham Forest sealed their Premier League status for the following season with a 1–0 home victory over second-placed Arsenal as Forest collected 11 points from their last six games.\n\nClub identity\nCrest and colours\nNottingham Forest have worn red since the club's foundation in 1865. At the meeting in the Clinton Arms which established Nottingham Forest as a football club, the committee also passed a resolution that the team colours should be 'Garibaldi red'. This decision was made in honour of Giuseppe Garibaldi, the Italian patriot who was the leader of" ]

[ "Nottingham Forest Football Club is a professional football club based in West Bridgford, Nottingham, England. Founded in 1865, Forest have played their home games at the City Ground since 1898. One of six English clubs to have won the European Cup, Nottingham Forest currently compete in the Premier League, the top division of the English football league system.\nNottingham Forest have won two European Cups (now the UEFA Champions League), one UEFA Super Cup, one League title, two FA Cups, four League Cups, and one FA Charity Shield. The club has competed in the top two tiers of English football since its admission to the Football League, with the exception of" ]

[ "Nottingham Forest Football Club is a professional football club based in West Bridgford, Nottingham, England. Founded in 1865, Forest have played their home games at the City Ground since 1898. One of six English clubs to have won the European Cup, Nottingham Forest currently compete in the Premier League, the top division of the English football league system.\nNottingham Forest have won two European Cups (now the UEFA Champions League), one UEFA Super Cup, one League title, two FA Cups, four League Cups, and one FA Charity Shield. The club has competed in the top two tiers of English football since its admission to the Football League, with the exception of", "simpler \"Forest\" – as used on the club crest – is commonly used. Another, lesser-used, nickname referring to the club is the \"Tricky Trees\".\n\nStadium\nCity Ground\nSince 1898, Nottingham Forest have played their home games at the City Ground in West Bridgford, on the banks of the River Trent. Prior to moving to the City Ground, Forest played their home games at Forest Recreation Ground, then Trent Bridge, and finally the purpose-built Town Ground. Since 1994, the City Ground has been all-seater, a preparation that was made in time for the ground to be a venue for Euro 96, and currently has a capacity of 30,445.\nThe City", "96, and currently has a capacity of 30,445.\nThe City Ground is 300 yards away from Notts County's Meadow Lane stadium on the opposite side of the Trent, meaning the two grounds are the closest professional football stadia geographically in England. In 1898 the City Ground was within the boundaries of Nottingham, which had been given city status the year before and gave rise to the name of the stadium. However, a boundary change in the 1950s means that the City Ground now stands just outside of the city's boundaries in the town of West Bridgford.\nOn 28 February 2019, Nottingham Forest announced plans to redevelop the City Ground and", "Nottingham Forest announced plans to redevelop the City Ground and surrounding area, including the \"creation of a new, world-class Peter Taylor Stand\". It is expected this will increase the capacity of the stadium to 38,000, making it the largest football stadium in the East Midlands. The club was hopeful that building work could begin at the end of the 2019-20 season, but the development was put on hold due to \"delays in the planning process\". In September 2022, Rushcliffe Borough Council's planning committee approved the club's request for planning permission.\n\nGround history\nLocal rivals, derbies and supporters\nWhilst Notts County is the closest professional football club geographically, Forest", "Forest F.C. international footballers\n\nClub staff\nCoaching staff\nExecutive and front office\nAcademy staff\nOther NFFC teams\nNottingham Forest WomenNottingham Forest Under-21sNottingham Forest Under-18sNottingham Forest Academy\n\nNotes\nReferences\nWorks cited\nTaylor, Peter; Langley, Mike (1980). With Clough. Sigdwick and Jackson. ISBN 0-283-98795-2.\n\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nNottingham Forest F.C. on BBC Sport: Club news – Recent results and fixtures\nNottingham Forest F.C. at Premier League\nNottingham Forest F.C. at UEFA", "name.\nFrom 2019 to 2023, Nottingham Forest claimed to be the oldest remaining club in the English Football League. In 2019, when Notts County were relegated from the league, Stoke City claimed to be the oldest remaining club, but football historian Mark Metcalf stated that Stoke was formed in 1868, rather than the 1863 date on the club's badge, and therefore Forest was the oldest club. The EFL also stated that Nottingham Forest was the oldest.Forest's first ever official game was played against Notts County taking place on 22 March 1866. On 23 April 1870, when the team played their first game in league play, the steward of the club", "– the North London team still wear red. Forest also donated shirts to Everton and helped secure a site to play on for Brighton.\nIn 1878–79 season Nottingham Forest entered the FA Cup for the first time. Forest beat Notts County 3–1 in the first round at Beeston Cricket Ground before eventually losing 2–1 to Old Etonians in the semi-final.Nottingham Forest's application was rejected to join the Football League at its formation in 1888. Forest instead joined the Football Alliance in 1889.\nThey won the competition in 1892 before then entering the Football League. That season they reached and lost in an FA Cup semi-final for the fourth time to", "since its admission to the Football League, with the exception of five seasons in the third tier. Its most successful period was under the management of Brian Clough and Peter Taylor in the late 1970s and early 1980s, which included back-to-back wins in the then European Cup in 1979 and 1980.\nIn Clough's last decade at the club, the Nottingham Forest team won the 1989 and 1990 League Cups and were losing finalists in the 1991 FA Cup Final and 1992 League Cup Final, before relegation from the Premier League in 1993. Upon an immediate return, Forest finished third in the Premier League in 1995 before again suffering relegation from the top", "been given to the winner of this East Midlands derby.\n\nHistory\n19th century\nIn 1865 a group of shinty players met at the Clinton Arms on Nottingham's Shakespeare Street. J.S. Scrimshaw's proposal to play association football instead was agreed and Nottingham Forest Football Club was formed. It was agreed at the same meeting that the club would purchase twelve tasselled caps coloured 'Garibaldi Red' (named after the leader of the Italian 'Redshirts' fighters). Thus the club's official colours were established. Matches were originally played at Forest Racecourse, the presumed source of the word 'Forest' in the team's name.\nFrom 2019 to 2023, Nottingham Forest claimed to be", "their first game in league play, the steward of the club was John Lymberry and William Henry Revis scored the first goal. On that day, Revis also won the prize for kicking a football furthest with a kick of 161 feet 8 inches.In their early years Nottingham Forest were a multi-sports club. As well as their roots in bandy and shinty, Forest's baseball club were British champions in 1899. Forest's charitable approach helped clubs like Liverpool, Arsenal and Brighton & Hove Albion to form. In 1886, Forest donated a set of football kits to help Arsenal establish themselves – the North London team still wear red. Forest also donated" ]

[ "What is Nottingham Football Club?", "Nottingham Forest Football Club, often referred to as Forest, is a professional football club based in West Bridgford, Nottinghamshire, England." ]

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[ "League First Division: 2001–02Individual\n\nPFA Team of the Year: 1987–88 First Division, 1988–89 First Division, 1989–90 First Division, 1990–91 First Division, 1991–92 First Division\nNottingham Forest Player of the Season: 1988–89, 1990–91, 1995–96\nPremier League Player of the Month: February 2001\n\nAs a manager\nEngland U21\n\nUEFA European Under-21 Championship runner-up: 2009Individual\n\nPremier League Manager of the Month: January 1997, April 2005, August 2005\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nStuart Pearce at Soccerbase \nStuart Pearce management career statistics at Soccerbase\nStuart Pearce profile at the League Managers Association\nStuart Pearce photo at Sporting Heroes" ]

[ "League First Division: 2001–02Individual\n\nPFA Team of the Year: 1987–88 First Division, 1988–89 First Division, 1989–90 First Division, 1990–91 First Division, 1991–92 First Division\nNottingham Forest Player of the Season: 1988–89, 1990–91, 1995–96\nPremier League Player of the Month: February 2001\n\nAs a manager\nEngland U21\n\nUEFA European Under-21 Championship runner-up: 2009Individual\n\nPremier League Manager of the Month: January 1997, April 2005, August 2005\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nStuart Pearce at Soccerbase \nStuart Pearce management career statistics at Soccerbase\nStuart Pearce profile at the League Managers Association\nStuart Pearce photo at Sporting Heroes", "eliminated after losing all their group matches. On 19 June 2013, it was announced by the FA that his contract would not be extended.\n\nGreat Britain Olympic football team\nPearce managed the Great Britain Olympic football team for their matches at the 2012 Summer Olympics.\n\nNottingham Forest\nPearce was appointed as the manager of Nottingham Forest, effective from 1 July 2014. Under Pearce, Forest broke their transfer record by signing striker Britt Assombalonga from Peterborough United.After leading Forest to an unbeaten start to the season, with thirteen points from an available fifteen, Pearce was named as a candidate for the league's Manager of the Month award for August. He was beaten by Kenny", "his first attempt at picking a starting XI, he did not realise until it was pointed out to him by his wife that he had omitted goalkeeper Mark Crossley. Forest, however, won the match 2–1, coming from behind after an Ian Wright goal with two goals from Alfie Haaland. Despite winning Manager of the Month award in January 1997, he would later share the caretaker role with Dave Bassett, and Forest were relegated, finishing in bottom place.\nPearce opted to leave the club on a free transfer at the end of the 1996–97 season after 12 years at the City Ground.\n\nLater career\nPearce joined Newcastle United along with fellow veterans John Barnes", "months previously. His first match in charge was a draw, followed by a run of 10 undefeated games. In March 2014, the club terminated Davies's employment, following a 5–0 defeat by Derby County. After initially rejecting the job in March 2014, fans favourite Stuart Pearce was named the man to replace Billy Davies, taking over from caretaker manager Gary Brazil. He signed a two-year contract commencing on 1 July 2014. Pearce led Forest to an unbeaten start to the season but failed to keep up the form. He was sacked in February 2015 and replaced by another former Forest player, Dougie Freedman.\nAnother mid-table finish meant that Forest began the", "after 18 years as manager, but Pearce opted to stay at the City Ground and captained Forest to an instant return to the top flight as Division One runners-up. He helped Forest finish third in the Premier League in 1995 and reach the UEFA Cup quarter-finals in 1996.\nIn 1996–97 season, Forest struggled in the league and manager Frank Clark resigned in December, which saw 34-year-old Pearce appointed caretaker player-manager of Forest in December 1996. His first match in charge was at home to Arsenal in the league. He admitted in an interview with Match of the Day that, in his first attempt at picking a starting XI, he did not", "Stuart Pearce (born 24 April 1962) is an English professional football manager and former player, who was most recently a first-team coach for Premier League club West Ham United. He was nicknamed \"Psycho\" for his unforgiving style of play.\nAs a player, Pearce played as a defender and appeared for Wealdstone, Coventry City, Nottingham Forest, Newcastle United, West Ham United and Manchester City in a career that spanned twenty-two years. He is best known for his twelve-year spell at Forest, where he regularly captained the team and became the club's most capped international, making 76 of his 78 appearances for England while with the club and captaining the", "Nottingham Forest Football Club is a professional football club based in West Bridgford, Nottingham, England. Founded in 1865, Forest have played their home games at the City Ground since 1898. One of six English clubs to have won the European Cup, Nottingham Forest currently compete in the Premier League, the top division of the English football league system.\nNottingham Forest have won two European Cups (now the UEFA Champions League), one UEFA Super Cup, one League title, two FA Cups, four League Cups, and one FA Charity Shield. The club has competed in the top two tiers of English football since its admission to the Football League, with the exception of", "season.Forest finished third in 1994–95 and qualified for the UEFA Cup – their first entry to European competition in the post-Heysel era. Collymore then transferred in the 1995–96 close season to Liverpool for a national record fee of £8.5million. Forest reached the 1995–96 UEFA Cup quarter-finals, the furthest an English team reached in UEFA competition that season. They finished ninth in the league.\nThe 1996–97 season quickly became a relegation battle. Clark left the club in December.\n\nStuart Pearce and Dave Bassett (1997–1999)\n34-year-old captain Stuart Pearce was installed as player-manager on a temporary basis just before Christmas in 1996 and he inspired a brief", "since its admission to the Football League, with the exception of five seasons in the third tier. Its most successful period was under the management of Brian Clough and Peter Taylor in the late 1970s and early 1980s, which included back-to-back wins in the then European Cup in 1979 and 1980.\nIn Clough's last decade at the club, the Nottingham Forest team won the 1989 and 1990 League Cups and were losing finalists in the 1991 FA Cup Final and 1992 League Cup Final, before relegation from the Premier League in 1993. Upon an immediate return, Forest finished third in the Premier League in 1995 before again suffering relegation from the top", "of the Month award for August. He was beaten by Kenny Jackett of Wolverhampton Wanderers, despite taking Forest to the top of the table by the end of August 2014 after a 1–0 away win against Sheffield Wednesday. On 14 September 2014, Forest lost key players Chris Cohen and Andy Reid to injury in a 1–1 draw with Derby County, and Forest quickly lost form. The team managed only three wins in twenty-one Championship matches, and was also knocked out of the FA Cup by Rochdale. Pearce did manage to win the reverse fixture against Derby and bring the Brian Clough Trophy back to the City Ground, but this was not" ]

[ "What is Nottingham Football Club?", "Nottingham Forest Football Club, often referred to as Forest, is a professional football club based in West Bridgford, Nottinghamshire, England.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article, besides what Nottingham is in relation to Stuart Pearce?", "After leading Forest to an unbeaten start to the season, Stuart Pearce was named as a candidate for the league's Manager of the Month award for August.", "How long was Stuart Pearce under this position?", "Stuart Pearce was a defender for most of his career.", "Why did Stuart Pearce relinquish his managerial duties?", "Stuart Pearce left because had a new job lined up at Newcastle United." ]

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[ "career\nPearce joined Newcastle United along with fellow veterans John Barnes and Ian Rush in the 1997–98 season under Kenny Dalglish, and played in the 1998 FA Cup final, though again he emerged on the defeated side. He scored once during his spell at Newcastle, in a UEFA Champions League tie against Dynamo Kyiv. Eventually, Pearce was isolated, along with other players including Barnes and Rob Lee, after Ruud Gullit succeeded Dalglish. A number of players were treated coldly by Gullit, and Pearce along with Barnes and Lee were made to train with the reserves despite cumulatively having over 150 England caps between them. Both Pearce and Barnes assert in" ]

[ "League First Division: 2001–02Individual\n\nPFA Team of the Year: 1987–88 First Division, 1988–89 First Division, 1989–90 First Division, 1990–91 First Division, 1991–92 First Division\nNottingham Forest Player of the Season: 1988–89, 1990–91, 1995–96\nPremier League Player of the Month: February 2001\n\nAs a manager\nEngland U21\n\nUEFA European Under-21 Championship runner-up: 2009Individual\n\nPremier League Manager of the Month: January 1997, April 2005, August 2005\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nStuart Pearce at Soccerbase \nStuart Pearce management career statistics at Soccerbase\nStuart Pearce profile at the League Managers Association\nStuart Pearce photo at Sporting Heroes", "his first attempt at picking a starting XI, he did not realise until it was pointed out to him by his wife that he had omitted goalkeeper Mark Crossley. Forest, however, won the match 2–1, coming from behind after an Ian Wright goal with two goals from Alfie Haaland. Despite winning Manager of the Month award in January 1997, he would later share the caretaker role with Dave Bassett, and Forest were relegated, finishing in bottom place.\nPearce opted to leave the club on a free transfer at the end of the 1996–97 season after 12 years at the City Ground.\n\nLater career\nPearce joined Newcastle United along with fellow veterans John Barnes", "eliminated after losing all their group matches. On 19 June 2013, it was announced by the FA that his contract would not be extended.\n\nGreat Britain Olympic football team\nPearce managed the Great Britain Olympic football team for their matches at the 2012 Summer Olympics.\n\nNottingham Forest\nPearce was appointed as the manager of Nottingham Forest, effective from 1 July 2014. Under Pearce, Forest broke their transfer record by signing striker Britt Assombalonga from Peterborough United.After leading Forest to an unbeaten start to the season, with thirteen points from an available fifteen, Pearce was named as a candidate for the league's Manager of the Month award for August. He was beaten by Kenny", "after 18 years as manager, but Pearce opted to stay at the City Ground and captained Forest to an instant return to the top flight as Division One runners-up. He helped Forest finish third in the Premier League in 1995 and reach the UEFA Cup quarter-finals in 1996.\nIn 1996–97 season, Forest struggled in the league and manager Frank Clark resigned in December, which saw 34-year-old Pearce appointed caretaker player-manager of Forest in December 1996. His first match in charge was at home to Arsenal in the league. He admitted in an interview with Match of the Day that, in his first attempt at picking a starting XI, he did not", "Stuart Pearce (born 24 April 1962) is an English professional football manager and former player, who was most recently a first-team coach for Premier League club West Ham United. He was nicknamed \"Psycho\" for his unforgiving style of play.\nAs a player, Pearce played as a defender and appeared for Wealdstone, Coventry City, Nottingham Forest, Newcastle United, West Ham United and Manchester City in a career that spanned twenty-two years. He is best known for his twelve-year spell at Forest, where he regularly captained the team and became the club's most capped international, making 76 of his 78 appearances for England while with the club and captaining the", "months previously. His first match in charge was a draw, followed by a run of 10 undefeated games. In March 2014, the club terminated Davies's employment, following a 5–0 defeat by Derby County. After initially rejecting the job in March 2014, fans favourite Stuart Pearce was named the man to replace Billy Davies, taking over from caretaker manager Gary Brazil. He signed a two-year contract commencing on 1 July 2014. Pearce led Forest to an unbeaten start to the season but failed to keep up the form. He was sacked in February 2015 and replaced by another former Forest player, Dougie Freedman.\nAnother mid-table finish meant that Forest began the", "debut for Coventry immediately. He established himself as an uncompromising left-back who played in a hard but fair manner.\n\nNottingham Forest\nTwo years later in 1985, Pearce was brought to Nottingham Forest by manager Brian Clough. Pearce was the makeweight in a £300,000 deal that saw Coventry centre-back Ian Butterworth move to Forest. Indeed, so unsure was Pearce of his footballing future that, after the transfer, he actually advertised his services as an electrician in Forest's match-day programme.\nPearce spent twelve years at Forest, most of it as club captain. During his playing career, he won two League Cups and the Full Members Cup, while also scoring from a", "season.Forest finished third in 1994–95 and qualified for the UEFA Cup – their first entry to European competition in the post-Heysel era. Collymore then transferred in the 1995–96 close season to Liverpool for a national record fee of £8.5million. Forest reached the 1995–96 UEFA Cup quarter-finals, the furthest an English team reached in UEFA competition that season. They finished ninth in the league.\nThe 1996–97 season quickly became a relegation battle. Clark left the club in December.\n\nStuart Pearce and Dave Bassett (1997–1999)\n34-year-old captain Stuart Pearce was installed as player-manager on a temporary basis just before Christmas in 1996 and he inspired a brief", "Nottingham Forest Football Club is a professional football club based in West Bridgford, Nottingham, England. Founded in 1865, Forest have played their home games at the City Ground since 1898. One of six English clubs to have won the European Cup, Nottingham Forest currently compete in the Premier League, the top division of the English football league system.\nNottingham Forest have won two European Cups (now the UEFA Champions League), one UEFA Super Cup, one League title, two FA Cups, four League Cups, and one FA Charity Shield. The club has competed in the top two tiers of English football since its admission to the Football League, with the exception of", "since its admission to the Football League, with the exception of five seasons in the third tier. Its most successful period was under the management of Brian Clough and Peter Taylor in the late 1970s and early 1980s, which included back-to-back wins in the then European Cup in 1979 and 1980.\nIn Clough's last decade at the club, the Nottingham Forest team won the 1989 and 1990 League Cups and were losing finalists in the 1991 FA Cup Final and 1992 League Cup Final, before relegation from the Premier League in 1993. Upon an immediate return, Forest finished third in the Premier League in 1995 before again suffering relegation from the top" ]

[ "What is Nottingham Football Club?", "Nottingham Forest Football Club, often referred to as Forest, is a professional football club based in West Bridgford, Nottinghamshire, England.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article, besides what Nottingham is in relation to Stuart Pearce?", "After leading Forest to an unbeaten start to the season, Stuart Pearce was named as a candidate for the league's Manager of the Month award for August.", "How long was Stuart Pearce under this position?", "Stuart Pearce was a defender for most of his career.", "Why did Stuart Pearce relinquish his managerial duties?", "Stuart Pearce left because had a new job lined up at Newcastle United.", "What did Stuart Pearce do afterward?", "Stuart Pearce joined Newcastle United under Kenny Dalglish, and played in the 1998 FA Cup final, though again he emerged on the defeated side." ]

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[ "career\nPearce joined Newcastle United along with fellow veterans John Barnes and Ian Rush in the 1997–98 season under Kenny Dalglish, and played in the 1998 FA Cup final, though again he emerged on the defeated side. He scored once during his spell at Newcastle, in a UEFA Champions League tie against Dynamo Kyiv. Eventually, Pearce was isolated, along with other players including Barnes and Rob Lee, after Ruud Gullit succeeded Dalglish. A number of players were treated coldly by Gullit, and Pearce along with Barnes and Lee were made to train with the reserves despite cumulatively having over 150 England caps between them. Both Pearce and Barnes assert in" ]