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[ "Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental Advisory sticker. It was produced by the band's first guitarist Tobi Miller.\nUp to May 2005, Red Letter Days had sold 208,000 copies, according to Nielsen Soundscan.\nAfter years of fetching hundreds of dollars for an original pressing on the open market, Red Letter Days was reissued on LP for its 15th anniversary on November 3, 2017.\n\nReception\nThe album received a score of 63 out of 100 from Metacritic, indicating \"generally positive reviews.\" RollingStone called it \"a straightforward barnburner of an album\" while Mojo commented that \"The Wallflowers make some of the best radio-friendly hooks and melodies" ]

[ "What is the album Red Letter Days by the Wallflowers?", "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.", "Anything interesting about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200." ]

[ "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental", "2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on January 8, 2002.The first single from the Red Letter Days, \"When You're On Top,\" was released to radio on August 16, 2002. A music video directed by Marc Webb followed. After a few false starts, Red Letter Days was released on November 5, 2002. The album was met with mixed to positive reviews. Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the album. Commercial performance was relatively mixed as well, peaking at No.32 on the Billboard 200. Around the time of Red Letter Days' release the Wallflowers embarked on a", "a second time. The Wallflowers continued to tour throughout the U.S. through mid-December before heading to Japan in February 2001 for their first tour there.\nThe Wallflowers covered the Bee Gees' 1968 hit song \"I Started a Joke\" for the 2001 film, Zoolander.The band continued to tour the U.S. for the remainder of 2001 until it was announced in early October that guitarist Michael Ward had left the Wallflowers due to creative differences.\n\n2002–2003: Red Letter Days\nIn 2001, Jakob Dylan began writing for the Wallflowers' fourth album, Red Letter Days. Later that year while on tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable", "Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed additional percussion and background vocals to the album. Red Letter Days was produced by founding Wallflowers member Tobi Miller along with Bill Appleberry. Recording continued through the new year and was completed on April 12, 2002. The album was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.While the Wallflowers were working on Red Letter Days, they recorded a cover of the Beatles' 1965 song \"I'm Looking Through You\" for the soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on", "to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). About writing the album, Dylan says, \"I was just also writing during a time when the world felt like it was falling apart. That changes the way you address even the simplest things, because you have panic in your mind all the time. You have anxiety. And you also have hope. And it’s all in there\".\n\nBand members\nTimeline\nDiscography\nStudio albums\n\nThe Wallflowers (1992)\nBringing Down the Horse (1996)\n(Breach) (2000)\nRed Letter Days (2002)\nRebel, Sweetheart (2005)\nGlad All Over (2012)\nExit Wounds (2021)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nTrouser Press entry", "throughout the summer. Touring for the Wallflowers was limited as Dylan had released his first solo album, Seeing Things, on June 10, 2008. Eltringham joined Dylan on tour in promotion for the album.\nOn March 31, 2009, the Wallflowers released a greatest-hits album called Collected: 1996–2005. The album featured every single released from the four albums the Wallflowers released between 1996 and 2005. It also featured several non-single songs from those four albums, a demo version of \"God Says Nothing Back\" and an unreleased song called \"Eat You Sleeping\". That summer, the Wallflowers embarked on a U.S. tour in support of the album. In addition", "Their next album, (Breach) (2000), contained \"Sleepwalker,\" their only single to chart the Billboard Hot 100 at number 76 (previous singles did not chart due to Billboard rules at the time). The group released an additional two critically acclaimed albums before going on hiatus. In 2012, the Wallflowers reunited to release their sixth studio album, Glad All Over. Nearly ten years later they released their seventh studio album, Exit Wounds (2021), which charted at number 3 on Billboard's Top Album Sales. Lyrically, the band focuses on Dylan's introspection, exploring themes of nostalgia, heartache, anxiety, purpose and insecurities.The Wallflowers have sold over five", "bass, keyboardist Jimmy Wallace and Lynn Williams on drums.In May 2016, the Wallflowers' 1996 album Bringing Down the Horse was issued on vinyl for the first time in honor of the 20th anniversary of the album's release. The Wallflowers was among hundreds of artists whose material was destroyed in the 2008 Universal fire, although later research showed the master tapes for Bringing Down the Horse were not actually destroyed in the fire.The band was set to undertake a North American summer tour in 2020 alongside Matchbox Twenty prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.\n\n2021–present: Exit Wounds\nThe band's seventh studio album, Exit Wounds, was released on July 9, 2021,", "The Wallflowers is an American rock solo project of American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Jakob Dylan. The Wallflowers were originally a roots rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1989 by Dylan and guitarist Tobi Miller. The band has gone through a number of personnel changes but has remained centered on Dylan.Following their eponymous debut album in 1992, the Wallflowers released what would become their best-known and highest-selling album, Bringing Down the Horse (1996), which included the U.S. radio hit \"One Headlight,\" as well as \"6th Avenue Heartache,\" \"The Difference,\" and \"Three Marlenas.\" Their next album, (Breach) (2000), contained \"Sleepwalker,\"" ]

[ "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental" ]

[ "Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental Advisory sticker. It was produced by the band's first guitarist Tobi Miller.\nUp to May 2005, Red Letter Days had sold 208,000 copies, according to Nielsen Soundscan.\nAfter years of fetching hundreds of dollars for an original pressing on the open market, Red Letter Days was reissued on LP for its 15th anniversary on November 3, 2017.\n\nReception\nThe album received a score of 63 out of 100 from Metacritic, indicating \"generally positive reviews.\" RollingStone called it \"a straightforward barnburner of an album\" while Mojo commented that \"The Wallflowers make some of the best radio-friendly hooks and melodies", "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental", "2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on January 8, 2002.The first single from the Red Letter Days, \"When You're On Top,\" was released to radio on August 16, 2002. A music video directed by Marc Webb followed. After a few false starts, Red Letter Days was released on November 5, 2002. The album was met with mixed to positive reviews. Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the album. Commercial performance was relatively mixed as well, peaking at No.32 on the Billboard 200. Around the time of Red Letter Days' release the Wallflowers embarked on a", "a second time. The Wallflowers continued to tour throughout the U.S. through mid-December before heading to Japan in February 2001 for their first tour there.\nThe Wallflowers covered the Bee Gees' 1968 hit song \"I Started a Joke\" for the 2001 film, Zoolander.The band continued to tour the U.S. for the remainder of 2001 until it was announced in early October that guitarist Michael Ward had left the Wallflowers due to creative differences.\n\n2002–2003: Red Letter Days\nIn 2001, Jakob Dylan began writing for the Wallflowers' fourth album, Red Letter Days. Later that year while on tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable" ]

[ "What is the album Red Letter Days by the Wallflowers?", "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.", "Anything interesting about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200.", "Is there any interesting information about the mixed reviews for The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days." ]

[ "Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed additional percussion and background vocals to the album. Red Letter Days was produced by founding Wallflowers member Tobi Miller along with Bill Appleberry. Recording continued through the new year and was completed on April 12, 2002. The album was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.While the Wallflowers were working on Red Letter Days, they recorded a cover of the Beatles' 1965 song \"I'm Looking Through You\" for the soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on", "to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). About writing the album, Dylan says, \"I was just also writing during a time when the world felt like it was falling apart. That changes the way you address even the simplest things, because you have panic in your mind all the time. You have anxiety. And you also have hope. And it’s all in there\".\n\nBand members\nTimeline\nDiscography\nStudio albums\n\nThe Wallflowers (1992)\nBringing Down the Horse (1996)\n(Breach) (2000)\nRed Letter Days (2002)\nRebel, Sweetheart (2005)\nGlad All Over (2012)\nExit Wounds (2021)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nTrouser Press entry", "throughout the summer. Touring for the Wallflowers was limited as Dylan had released his first solo album, Seeing Things, on June 10, 2008. Eltringham joined Dylan on tour in promotion for the album.\nOn March 31, 2009, the Wallflowers released a greatest-hits album called Collected: 1996–2005. The album featured every single released from the four albums the Wallflowers released between 1996 and 2005. It also featured several non-single songs from those four albums, a demo version of \"God Says Nothing Back\" and an unreleased song called \"Eat You Sleeping\". That summer, the Wallflowers embarked on a U.S. tour in support of the album. In addition", "Their next album, (Breach) (2000), contained \"Sleepwalker,\" their only single to chart the Billboard Hot 100 at number 76 (previous singles did not chart due to Billboard rules at the time). The group released an additional two critically acclaimed albums before going on hiatus. In 2012, the Wallflowers reunited to release their sixth studio album, Glad All Over. Nearly ten years later they released their seventh studio album, Exit Wounds (2021), which charted at number 3 on Billboard's Top Album Sales. Lyrically, the band focuses on Dylan's introspection, exploring themes of nostalgia, heartache, anxiety, purpose and insecurities.The Wallflowers have sold over five", "The Wallflowers is an American rock solo project of American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Jakob Dylan. The Wallflowers were originally a roots rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1989 by Dylan and guitarist Tobi Miller. The band has gone through a number of personnel changes but has remained centered on Dylan.Following their eponymous debut album in 1992, the Wallflowers released what would become their best-known and highest-selling album, Bringing Down the Horse (1996), which included the U.S. radio hit \"One Headlight,\" as well as \"6th Avenue Heartache,\" \"The Difference,\" and \"Three Marlenas.\" Their next album, (Breach) (2000), contained \"Sleepwalker,\"", "bass, keyboardist Jimmy Wallace and Lynn Williams on drums.In May 2016, the Wallflowers' 1996 album Bringing Down the Horse was issued on vinyl for the first time in honor of the 20th anniversary of the album's release. The Wallflowers was among hundreds of artists whose material was destroyed in the 2008 Universal fire, although later research showed the master tapes for Bringing Down the Horse were not actually destroyed in the fire.The band was set to undertake a North American summer tour in 2020 alongside Matchbox Twenty prior to the COVID-19 pandemic.\n\n2021–present: Exit Wounds\nThe band's seventh studio album, Exit Wounds, was released on July 9, 2021," ]

[ "Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed additional percussion and background vocals to the album. Red Letter Days was produced by founding Wallflowers member Tobi Miller along with Bill Appleberry. Recording continued through the new year and was completed on April 12, 2002. The album was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.While the Wallflowers were working on Red Letter Days, they recorded a cover of the Beatles' 1965 song \"I'm Looking Through You\" for the soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on" ]

[ "Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental Advisory sticker. It was produced by the band's first guitarist Tobi Miller.\nUp to May 2005, Red Letter Days had sold 208,000 copies, according to Nielsen Soundscan.\nAfter years of fetching hundreds of dollars for an original pressing on the open market, Red Letter Days was reissued on LP for its 15th anniversary on November 3, 2017.\n\nReception\nThe album received a score of 63 out of 100 from Metacritic, indicating \"generally positive reviews.\" RollingStone called it \"a straightforward barnburner of an album\" while Mojo commented that \"The Wallflowers make some of the best radio-friendly hooks and melodies", "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental", "Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed additional percussion and background vocals to the album. Red Letter Days was produced by founding Wallflowers member Tobi Miller along with Bill Appleberry. Recording continued through the new year and was completed on April 12, 2002. The album was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.While the Wallflowers were working on Red Letter Days, they recorded a cover of the Beatles' 1965 song \"I'm Looking Through You\" for the soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on", "a second time. The Wallflowers continued to tour throughout the U.S. through mid-December before heading to Japan in February 2001 for their first tour there.\nThe Wallflowers covered the Bee Gees' 1968 hit song \"I Started a Joke\" for the 2001 film, Zoolander.The band continued to tour the U.S. for the remainder of 2001 until it was announced in early October that guitarist Michael Ward had left the Wallflowers due to creative differences.\n\n2002–2003: Red Letter Days\nIn 2001, Jakob Dylan began writing for the Wallflowers' fourth album, Red Letter Days. Later that year while on tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable", "2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on January 8, 2002.The first single from the Red Letter Days, \"When You're On Top,\" was released to radio on August 16, 2002. A music video directed by Marc Webb followed. After a few false starts, Red Letter Days was released on November 5, 2002. The album was met with mixed to positive reviews. Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the album. Commercial performance was relatively mixed as well, peaking at No.32 on the Billboard 200. Around the time of Red Letter Days' release the Wallflowers embarked on a", "to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). About writing the album, Dylan says, \"I was just also writing during a time when the world felt like it was falling apart. That changes the way you address even the simplest things, because you have panic in your mind all the time. You have anxiety. And you also have hope. And it’s all in there\".\n\nBand members\nTimeline\nDiscography\nStudio albums\n\nThe Wallflowers (1992)\nBringing Down the Horse (1996)\n(Breach) (2000)\nRed Letter Days (2002)\nRebel, Sweetheart (2005)\nGlad All Over (2012)\nExit Wounds (2021)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nTrouser Press entry", "throughout the summer. Touring for the Wallflowers was limited as Dylan had released his first solo album, Seeing Things, on June 10, 2008. Eltringham joined Dylan on tour in promotion for the album.\nOn March 31, 2009, the Wallflowers released a greatest-hits album called Collected: 1996–2005. The album featured every single released from the four albums the Wallflowers released between 1996 and 2005. It also featured several non-single songs from those four albums, a demo version of \"God Says Nothing Back\" and an unreleased song called \"Eat You Sleeping\". That summer, the Wallflowers embarked on a U.S. tour in support of the album. In addition", "then signed the band to their label in 1994.\n\n1995–1998: Bringing Down the Horse\nAfter signing with Interscope Records, the Wallflowers began preparations for their second album, Bringing Down the Horse. They again had trouble finding a producer that was willing to work with them. The Wallflowers began sending demo tapes to producers and one of the tapes landed in the hands of T Bone Burnett. Burnett was impressed by the songs and agreed to produce the band. However, just as they were getting ready to record, the band's guitarist Tobi Miller quit. This left the Wallflowers without a permanent drummer or guitarist while they were in the", "The Wallflowers is an American rock solo project of American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Jakob Dylan. The Wallflowers were originally a roots rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1989 by Dylan and guitarist Tobi Miller. The band has gone through a number of personnel changes but has remained centered on Dylan.Following their eponymous debut album in 1992, the Wallflowers released what would become their best-known and highest-selling album, Bringing Down the Horse (1996), which included the U.S. radio hit \"One Headlight,\" as well as \"6th Avenue Heartache,\" \"The Difference,\" and \"Three Marlenas.\" Their next album, (Breach) (2000), contained \"Sleepwalker,\"", "of Red Letter Days' release the Wallflowers embarked on a monthlong U.S. tour stretching into early December. After another U.S. tour in January 2003, the Wallflowers toured in several European countries in February including Spain, Italy, Germany and Great Britain. After this tour, the Wallflowers' drummer since 1995, Mario Calire announced he was parting ways with the band.In 2003, the Wallflowers were featured on the soundtrack for the film American Wedding. The band recorded a cover of Van Morrison's 1970 song \"Into the Mystic\". The film's music department weren't able to secure the licensing rights to use Morrison's version so they" ]

[ "What is the album Red Letter Days by the Wallflowers?", "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.", "Anything interesting about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200.", "Is there any interesting information about the mixed reviews for The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days.", "Any information readers should know about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002." ]

[]

[ "tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable equipment. Some recording was also done at keyboardist Rami Jaffee's house. Once the band was finished touring for the year they began recording the bulk of the new record at Jackson Browne's studio in Santa Monica. By the time the Wallflowers had gotten into Browne's studio, Michael Ward had left the band, leaving them without a lead guitarist for the recording process. Dylan took on much of the lead guitar duties with Mike McCready, Rusty Anderson and Val McCallum also contributing on guitar. Moe Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed" ]

[ "Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental Advisory sticker. It was produced by the band's first guitarist Tobi Miller.\nUp to May 2005, Red Letter Days had sold 208,000 copies, according to Nielsen Soundscan.\nAfter years of fetching hundreds of dollars for an original pressing on the open market, Red Letter Days was reissued on LP for its 15th anniversary on November 3, 2017.\n\nReception\nThe album received a score of 63 out of 100 from Metacritic, indicating \"generally positive reviews.\" RollingStone called it \"a straightforward barnburner of an album\" while Mojo commented that \"The Wallflowers make some of the best radio-friendly hooks and melodies" ]

[ "What is the album Red Letter Days by the Wallflowers?", "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.", "Anything interesting about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200.", "Is there any interesting information about the mixed reviews for The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days.", "Any information readers should know about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.", "What else about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days is notable?", "By the time the Wallflowers had gotten into Browne's studio to record Red Letter Days, Michael Ward left the band, leaving them without a lead guitarist for the recording process." ]

[ "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental", "Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed additional percussion and background vocals to the album. Red Letter Days was produced by founding Wallflowers member Tobi Miller along with Bill Appleberry. Recording continued through the new year and was completed on April 12, 2002. The album was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.While the Wallflowers were working on Red Letter Days, they recorded a cover of the Beatles' 1965 song \"I'm Looking Through You\" for the soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on", "a second time. The Wallflowers continued to tour throughout the U.S. through mid-December before heading to Japan in February 2001 for their first tour there.\nThe Wallflowers covered the Bee Gees' 1968 hit song \"I Started a Joke\" for the 2001 film, Zoolander.The band continued to tour the U.S. for the remainder of 2001 until it was announced in early October that guitarist Michael Ward had left the Wallflowers due to creative differences.\n\n2002–2003: Red Letter Days\nIn 2001, Jakob Dylan began writing for the Wallflowers' fourth album, Red Letter Days. Later that year while on tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable", "2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on January 8, 2002.The first single from the Red Letter Days, \"When You're On Top,\" was released to radio on August 16, 2002. A music video directed by Marc Webb followed. After a few false starts, Red Letter Days was released on November 5, 2002. The album was met with mixed to positive reviews. Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the album. Commercial performance was relatively mixed as well, peaking at No.32 on the Billboard 200. Around the time of Red Letter Days' release the Wallflowers embarked on a", "to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). About writing the album, Dylan says, \"I was just also writing during a time when the world felt like it was falling apart. That changes the way you address even the simplest things, because you have panic in your mind all the time. You have anxiety. And you also have hope. And it’s all in there\".\n\nBand members\nTimeline\nDiscography\nStudio albums\n\nThe Wallflowers (1992)\nBringing Down the Horse (1996)\n(Breach) (2000)\nRed Letter Days (2002)\nRebel, Sweetheart (2005)\nGlad All Over (2012)\nExit Wounds (2021)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nTrouser Press entry", "then signed the band to their label in 1994.\n\n1995–1998: Bringing Down the Horse\nAfter signing with Interscope Records, the Wallflowers began preparations for their second album, Bringing Down the Horse. They again had trouble finding a producer that was willing to work with them. The Wallflowers began sending demo tapes to producers and one of the tapes landed in the hands of T Bone Burnett. Burnett was impressed by the songs and agreed to produce the band. However, just as they were getting ready to record, the band's guitarist Tobi Miller quit. This left the Wallflowers without a permanent drummer or guitarist while they were in the", "began recording, Eltringham left the band to pursue other projects. The band quickly got former Red Hot Chili Peppers and Pearl Jam drummer Jack Irons to join the band. Irons was previously involved in a side project with Wallflowers bassist Richling.\nOn January 20, 2012, the Wallflowers began recording their sixth studio album, Glad All Over, at the Black Keys' Dan Auerbach's Easy Eye studio in Nashville. Jay Joyce, who had played guitar on the Wallflowers' Bringing Down the Horse agreed to produce the album. Before going to the studio, the band had decided have a more collaborative writing process than they had in the", "\"If I could have had it my way I would not have seen a microphone or a cable anywhere.\" When it came to recording, the songs were drawn out past the 3 to 4 minute norm; many songs were close to 5 minutes in length with two exceeding 7 minutes. The Wallflowers finished recording and released their self-titled debut album on August 25, 1992. After the release they began touring nationwide as an opening act for bands such as Spin Doctors and 10,000 Maniacs.The Wallflowers continued to tour through the first half of 1993 but despite this sales of the album were slow. In total, 40,000 copies were sold.", "The Wallflowers is an American rock solo project of American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Jakob Dylan. The Wallflowers were originally a roots rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1989 by Dylan and guitarist Tobi Miller. The band has gone through a number of personnel changes but has remained centered on Dylan.Following their eponymous debut album in 1992, the Wallflowers released what would become their best-known and highest-selling album, Bringing Down the Horse (1996), which included the U.S. radio hit \"One Headlight,\" as well as \"6th Avenue Heartache,\" \"The Difference,\" and \"Three Marlenas.\" Their next album, (Breach) (2000), contained \"Sleepwalker,\"" ]

[ "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental" ]

[ "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental", "Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental Advisory sticker. It was produced by the band's first guitarist Tobi Miller.\nUp to May 2005, Red Letter Days had sold 208,000 copies, according to Nielsen Soundscan.\nAfter years of fetching hundreds of dollars for an original pressing on the open market, Red Letter Days was reissued on LP for its 15th anniversary on November 3, 2017.\n\nReception\nThe album received a score of 63 out of 100 from Metacritic, indicating \"generally positive reviews.\" RollingStone called it \"a straightforward barnburner of an album\" while Mojo commented that \"The Wallflowers make some of the best radio-friendly hooks and melodies", "a second time. The Wallflowers continued to tour throughout the U.S. through mid-December before heading to Japan in February 2001 for their first tour there.\nThe Wallflowers covered the Bee Gees' 1968 hit song \"I Started a Joke\" for the 2001 film, Zoolander.The band continued to tour the U.S. for the remainder of 2001 until it was announced in early October that guitarist Michael Ward had left the Wallflowers due to creative differences.\n\n2002–2003: Red Letter Days\nIn 2001, Jakob Dylan began writing for the Wallflowers' fourth album, Red Letter Days. Later that year while on tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable", "Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed additional percussion and background vocals to the album. Red Letter Days was produced by founding Wallflowers member Tobi Miller along with Bill Appleberry. Recording continued through the new year and was completed on April 12, 2002. The album was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.While the Wallflowers were working on Red Letter Days, they recorded a cover of the Beatles' 1965 song \"I'm Looking Through You\" for the soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on", "\"If I could have had it my way I would not have seen a microphone or a cable anywhere.\" When it came to recording, the songs were drawn out past the 3 to 4 minute norm; many songs were close to 5 minutes in length with two exceeding 7 minutes. The Wallflowers finished recording and released their self-titled debut album on August 25, 1992. After the release they began touring nationwide as an opening act for bands such as Spin Doctors and 10,000 Maniacs.The Wallflowers continued to tour through the first half of 1993 but despite this sales of the album were slow. In total, 40,000 copies were sold.", "2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on January 8, 2002.The first single from the Red Letter Days, \"When You're On Top,\" was released to radio on August 16, 2002. A music video directed by Marc Webb followed. After a few false starts, Red Letter Days was released on November 5, 2002. The album was met with mixed to positive reviews. Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the album. Commercial performance was relatively mixed as well, peaking at No.32 on the Billboard 200. Around the time of Red Letter Days' release the Wallflowers embarked on a", "began recording, Eltringham left the band to pursue other projects. The band quickly got former Red Hot Chili Peppers and Pearl Jam drummer Jack Irons to join the band. Irons was previously involved in a side project with Wallflowers bassist Richling.\nOn January 20, 2012, the Wallflowers began recording their sixth studio album, Glad All Over, at the Black Keys' Dan Auerbach's Easy Eye studio in Nashville. Jay Joyce, who had played guitar on the Wallflowers' Bringing Down the Horse agreed to produce the album. Before going to the studio, the band had decided have a more collaborative writing process than they had in the", "to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). About writing the album, Dylan says, \"I was just also writing during a time when the world felt like it was falling apart. That changes the way you address even the simplest things, because you have panic in your mind all the time. You have anxiety. And you also have hope. And it’s all in there\".\n\nBand members\nTimeline\nDiscography\nStudio albums\n\nThe Wallflowers (1992)\nBringing Down the Horse (1996)\n(Breach) (2000)\nRed Letter Days (2002)\nRebel, Sweetheart (2005)\nGlad All Over (2012)\nExit Wounds (2021)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nTrouser Press entry", "then signed the band to their label in 1994.\n\n1995–1998: Bringing Down the Horse\nAfter signing with Interscope Records, the Wallflowers began preparations for their second album, Bringing Down the Horse. They again had trouble finding a producer that was willing to work with them. The Wallflowers began sending demo tapes to producers and one of the tapes landed in the hands of T Bone Burnett. Burnett was impressed by the songs and agreed to produce the band. However, just as they were getting ready to record, the band's guitarist Tobi Miller quit. This left the Wallflowers without a permanent drummer or guitarist while they were in the", "a bit and we needed a break. And that year break becomes two years, then becomes three years, and before you know it five or six years go by pretty quickly. I can't do what I do in the Wallflowers without them. I miss it.\" In an interview with the St. Joseph News-Press, Dylan stated that the Wallflowers would be getting into the studio in January and the lineup would include Greg Richling on bass, Rami Jaffee on keys, Stuart Mathis on guitar and Fred Eltringham on drums. However, weeks before the Wallflowers began recording, Eltringham left the band to pursue other" ]

[ "What is the album Red Letter Days by the Wallflowers?", "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.", "Anything interesting about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200.", "Is there any interesting information about the mixed reviews for The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days.", "Any information readers should know about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.", "What else about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days is notable?", "By the time the Wallflowers had gotten into Browne's studio to record Red Letter Days, Michael Ward left the band, leaving them without a lead guitarist for the recording process.", "Were there any notable live performamces The Wallflowers played in 2002?", "The Wallflowers played the song Everybody Out of the Water, on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn." ]

[]

[ "tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable equipment. Some recording was also done at keyboardist Rami Jaffee's house. Once the band was finished touring for the year they began recording the bulk of the new record at Jackson Browne's studio in Santa Monica. By the time the Wallflowers had gotten into Browne's studio, Michael Ward had left the band, leaving them without a lead guitarist for the recording process. Dylan took on much of the lead guitar duties with Mike McCready, Rusty Anderson and Val McCallum also contributing on guitar. Moe Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed" ]

[ "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental", "Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental Advisory sticker. It was produced by the band's first guitarist Tobi Miller.\nUp to May 2005, Red Letter Days had sold 208,000 copies, according to Nielsen Soundscan.\nAfter years of fetching hundreds of dollars for an original pressing on the open market, Red Letter Days was reissued on LP for its 15th anniversary on November 3, 2017.\n\nReception\nThe album received a score of 63 out of 100 from Metacritic, indicating \"generally positive reviews.\" RollingStone called it \"a straightforward barnburner of an album\" while Mojo commented that \"The Wallflowers make some of the best radio-friendly hooks and melodies", "a second time. The Wallflowers continued to tour throughout the U.S. through mid-December before heading to Japan in February 2001 for their first tour there.\nThe Wallflowers covered the Bee Gees' 1968 hit song \"I Started a Joke\" for the 2001 film, Zoolander.The band continued to tour the U.S. for the remainder of 2001 until it was announced in early October that guitarist Michael Ward had left the Wallflowers due to creative differences.\n\n2002–2003: Red Letter Days\nIn 2001, Jakob Dylan began writing for the Wallflowers' fourth album, Red Letter Days. Later that year while on tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable", "Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed additional percussion and background vocals to the album. Red Letter Days was produced by founding Wallflowers member Tobi Miller along with Bill Appleberry. Recording continued through the new year and was completed on April 12, 2002. The album was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.While the Wallflowers were working on Red Letter Days, they recorded a cover of the Beatles' 1965 song \"I'm Looking Through You\" for the soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on", "2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on January 8, 2002.The first single from the Red Letter Days, \"When You're On Top,\" was released to radio on August 16, 2002. A music video directed by Marc Webb followed. After a few false starts, Red Letter Days was released on November 5, 2002. The album was met with mixed to positive reviews. Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the album. Commercial performance was relatively mixed as well, peaking at No.32 on the Billboard 200. Around the time of Red Letter Days' release the Wallflowers embarked on a", "began recording, Eltringham left the band to pursue other projects. The band quickly got former Red Hot Chili Peppers and Pearl Jam drummer Jack Irons to join the band. Irons was previously involved in a side project with Wallflowers bassist Richling.\nOn January 20, 2012, the Wallflowers began recording their sixth studio album, Glad All Over, at the Black Keys' Dan Auerbach's Easy Eye studio in Nashville. Jay Joyce, who had played guitar on the Wallflowers' Bringing Down the Horse agreed to produce the album. Before going to the studio, the band had decided have a more collaborative writing process than they had in the", "\"If I could have had it my way I would not have seen a microphone or a cable anywhere.\" When it came to recording, the songs were drawn out past the 3 to 4 minute norm; many songs were close to 5 minutes in length with two exceeding 7 minutes. The Wallflowers finished recording and released their self-titled debut album on August 25, 1992. After the release they began touring nationwide as an opening act for bands such as Spin Doctors and 10,000 Maniacs.The Wallflowers continued to tour through the first half of 1993 but despite this sales of the album were slow. In total, 40,000 copies were sold.", "to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). About writing the album, Dylan says, \"I was just also writing during a time when the world felt like it was falling apart. That changes the way you address even the simplest things, because you have panic in your mind all the time. You have anxiety. And you also have hope. And it’s all in there\".\n\nBand members\nTimeline\nDiscography\nStudio albums\n\nThe Wallflowers (1992)\nBringing Down the Horse (1996)\n(Breach) (2000)\nRed Letter Days (2002)\nRebel, Sweetheart (2005)\nGlad All Over (2012)\nExit Wounds (2021)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nTrouser Press entry", "a bit and we needed a break. And that year break becomes two years, then becomes three years, and before you know it five or six years go by pretty quickly. I can't do what I do in the Wallflowers without them. I miss it.\" In an interview with the St. Joseph News-Press, Dylan stated that the Wallflowers would be getting into the studio in January and the lineup would include Greg Richling on bass, Rami Jaffee on keys, Stuart Mathis on guitar and Fred Eltringham on drums. However, weeks before the Wallflowers began recording, Eltringham left the band to pursue other", "throughout the summer. Touring for the Wallflowers was limited as Dylan had released his first solo album, Seeing Things, on June 10, 2008. Eltringham joined Dylan on tour in promotion for the album.\nOn March 31, 2009, the Wallflowers released a greatest-hits album called Collected: 1996–2005. The album featured every single released from the four albums the Wallflowers released between 1996 and 2005. It also featured several non-single songs from those four albums, a demo version of \"God Says Nothing Back\" and an unreleased song called \"Eat You Sleeping\". That summer, the Wallflowers embarked on a U.S. tour in support of the album. In addition" ]

[ "What is the album Red Letter Days by the Wallflowers?", "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.", "Anything interesting about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200.", "Is there any interesting information about the mixed reviews for The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days.", "Any information readers should know about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.", "What else about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days is notable?", "By the time the Wallflowers had gotten into Browne's studio to record Red Letter Days, Michael Ward left the band, leaving them without a lead guitarist for the recording process.", "Were there any notable live performamces The Wallflowers played in 2002?", "The Wallflowers played the song Everybody Out of the Water, on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn.", "Did The Wallflowers tour with any other groups?", "In 2001, The Wallflowers toured with John Mellencamp." ]

[]

[ "anxiety, purpose and insecurities.The Wallflowers have sold over five million albums and have won two Grammy Awards: Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal and Best Rock Song for \"One Headlight\" in 1998. \"One Headlight\" is also listed at #58 in Rolling Stone's list of the 100 Greatest Pop Songs. The Wallflowers have been nominated six times for \"Best Rock Song\" and \"Best Rock Performance.\" Billboard named \"One Headlight\" as the #1 Greatest of All Time Adult Alternative Song. The band has thirteen songs that have reached the 'Top 10' on Billboard's Adult Alternative Airplay list. Members of The Wallflowers have" ]

[ "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.\n\nHistory\nThe album peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200. Red Letter Days was the first Wallflowers record that featured Jakob Dylan playing a majority of the lead guitar parts. The album had a much more aggressive sound than any of their previous releases, especially the song \"Everybody Out of the Water,\" which they performed on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn. The first single and only music video shot was for \"When You're On Top.\" Although the album contains some profanity (in \"Everybody Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental" ]

[ "What is the album Red Letter Days by the Wallflowers?", "Red Letter Days is the fourth album by The Wallflowers, released in 2002.", "Anything interesting about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days peaked at #32 on the Billboard 200.", "Is there any interesting information about the mixed reviews for The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days.", "Any information readers should know about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days?", "The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.", "What else about The Wallflowers' album Red Letter Days is notable?", "By the time the Wallflowers had gotten into Browne's studio to record Red Letter Days, Michael Ward left the band, leaving them without a lead guitarist for the recording process.", "Were there any notable live performamces The Wallflowers played in 2002?", "The Wallflowers played the song Everybody Out of the Water, on The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn.", "Did The Wallflowers tour with any other groups?", "In 2001, The Wallflowers toured with John Mellencamp.", "Most interesting aspect of the article about The Wallflowers?", "The Wallflowers have won two Grammy awards: Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal and Best Rock Song for One Headlight in 1998." ]

[ "Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental Advisory sticker. It was produced by the band's first guitarist Tobi Miller.\nUp to May 2005, Red Letter Days had sold 208,000 copies, according to Nielsen Soundscan.\nAfter years of fetching hundreds of dollars for an original pressing on the open market, Red Letter Days was reissued on LP for its 15th anniversary on November 3, 2017.\n\nReception\nThe album received a score of 63 out of 100 from Metacritic, indicating \"generally positive reviews.\" RollingStone called it \"a straightforward barnburner of an album\" while Mojo commented that \"The Wallflowers make some of the best radio-friendly hooks and melodies", "a second time. The Wallflowers continued to tour throughout the U.S. through mid-December before heading to Japan in February 2001 for their first tour there.\nThe Wallflowers covered the Bee Gees' 1968 hit song \"I Started a Joke\" for the 2001 film, Zoolander.The band continued to tour the U.S. for the remainder of 2001 until it was announced in early October that guitarist Michael Ward had left the Wallflowers due to creative differences.\n\n2002–2003: Red Letter Days\nIn 2001, Jakob Dylan began writing for the Wallflowers' fourth album, Red Letter Days. Later that year while on tour with John Mellencamp, the band began recording using portable", "Z M.D., who had been touring with Mellencamp, contributed additional percussion and background vocals to the album. Red Letter Days was produced by founding Wallflowers member Tobi Miller along with Bill Appleberry. Recording continued through the new year and was completed on April 12, 2002. The album was mixed by Tom Lord-Alge, who had mixed the band's previous two albums. Mixing was completed on May 15, 2002.While the Wallflowers were working on Red Letter Days, they recorded a cover of the Beatles' 1965 song \"I'm Looking Through You\" for the soundtrack to the 2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on", "2001 film I Am Sam. The soundtrack was released on January 8, 2002.The first single from the Red Letter Days, \"When You're On Top,\" was released to radio on August 16, 2002. A music video directed by Marc Webb followed. After a few false starts, Red Letter Days was released on November 5, 2002. The album was met with mixed to positive reviews. Many critics noted the harder rock sound and catchy melodies used throughout the album. Commercial performance was relatively mixed as well, peaking at No.32 on the Billboard 200. Around the time of Red Letter Days' release the Wallflowers embarked on a", "began recording, Eltringham left the band to pursue other projects. The band quickly got former Red Hot Chili Peppers and Pearl Jam drummer Jack Irons to join the band. Irons was previously involved in a side project with Wallflowers bassist Richling.\nOn January 20, 2012, the Wallflowers began recording their sixth studio album, Glad All Over, at the Black Keys' Dan Auerbach's Easy Eye studio in Nashville. Jay Joyce, who had played guitar on the Wallflowers' Bringing Down the Horse agreed to produce the album. Before going to the studio, the band had decided have a more collaborative writing process than they had in the", "\"If I could have had it my way I would not have seen a microphone or a cable anywhere.\" When it came to recording, the songs were drawn out past the 3 to 4 minute norm; many songs were close to 5 minutes in length with two exceeding 7 minutes. The Wallflowers finished recording and released their self-titled debut album on August 25, 1992. After the release they began touring nationwide as an opening act for bands such as Spin Doctors and 10,000 Maniacs.The Wallflowers continued to tour through the first half of 1993 but despite this sales of the album were slow. In total, 40,000 copies were sold.", "The Wallflowers is an American rock solo project of American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Jakob Dylan. The Wallflowers were originally a roots rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1989 by Dylan and guitarist Tobi Miller. The band has gone through a number of personnel changes but has remained centered on Dylan.Following their eponymous debut album in 1992, the Wallflowers released what would become their best-known and highest-selling album, Bringing Down the Horse (1996), which included the U.S. radio hit \"One Headlight,\" as well as \"6th Avenue Heartache,\" \"The Difference,\" and \"Three Marlenas.\" Their next album, (Breach) (2000), contained \"Sleepwalker,\"", "to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). About writing the album, Dylan says, \"I was just also writing during a time when the world felt like it was falling apart. That changes the way you address even the simplest things, because you have panic in your mind all the time. You have anxiety. And you also have hope. And it’s all in there\".\n\nBand members\nTimeline\nDiscography\nStudio albums\n\nThe Wallflowers (1992)\nBringing Down the Horse (1996)\n(Breach) (2000)\nRed Letter Days (2002)\nRebel, Sweetheart (2005)\nGlad All Over (2012)\nExit Wounds (2021)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nTrouser Press entry", "a bit and we needed a break. And that year break becomes two years, then becomes three years, and before you know it five or six years go by pretty quickly. I can't do what I do in the Wallflowers without them. I miss it.\" In an interview with the St. Joseph News-Press, Dylan stated that the Wallflowers would be getting into the studio in January and the lineup would include Greg Richling on bass, Rami Jaffee on keys, Stuart Mathis on guitar and Fred Eltringham on drums. However, weeks before the Wallflowers began recording, Eltringham left the band to pursue other" ]

[ "Out of the Water\"), it does not carry the Parental Advisory sticker. It was produced by the band's first guitarist Tobi Miller.\nUp to May 2005, Red Letter Days had sold 208,000 copies, according to Nielsen Soundscan.\nAfter years of fetching hundreds of dollars for an original pressing on the open market, Red Letter Days was reissued on LP for its 15th anniversary on November 3, 2017.\n\nReception\nThe album received a score of 63 out of 100 from Metacritic, indicating \"generally positive reviews.\" RollingStone called it \"a straightforward barnburner of an album\" while Mojo commented that \"The Wallflowers make some of the best radio-friendly hooks and melodies" ]

[ "he could use Legion's reality-altering powers to remake the world according to his will. Legion, using the power of his Chain personality, managed to trick and reabsorb Styx.\nThrough Personality #762, he becomes a pirate with the ability to belch an acidic gas.\nThrough Personality #898, he becomes a centaur.\nThrough the personality of Delphic (the name given to Personality #1012), he becomes a blue-skinned, seemingly-omniscient female seer who will answer any three questions from supplicants.Legion personalities that have not been assigned numbers include:\n\nAbsence is an alien/demon creature with its eyes sewn shut who claims to have traveled through different realities and who can", "the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of reality, Legion is theoretically capable of manifesting any power he can imagine. In two instances David has manifested the full extent of his ability to alter time and reality: in the first, he wiped the Elder Gods from existence and reset the universe to a state before the Elder Gods first appeared on Earth, and in the other he observed the entirety of spacetime and mended damage his personalities had done to it.Legion can absorb other people's psyches into his mind, either intentionally or, if he is next to them when they die, unintentionally. Conversely, in several instances Legion", "that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body (e.g., manifesting a prehensile tongue, becoming a woman, transforming into a werewolf, etc.). The first alter to manifest, Jemail Karami, was telepathic. Other prominent alters include Jack Wayne (telekinetic) and Cyndi (pyrokinetic). Legion has over a thousand different personalities (the exact number is unknown), and his mind can create additional alters in response to external or internal events.The cumulative abilities of all his personalities make him one of the most powerful mutants in existence, if not the most powerful. Since the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of", "when they die, unintentionally. Conversely, in several instances Legion has had personalities manifest and act separately from him (or even against him) in the physical world; in most instances Legion has ultimately reabsorbed these personalities back into himself. Presumably, both his absorption of other psyches and the physical manifestations of his own personalities are enabled by Legion's underlying ability to alter reality/time at will.\nGenerally, David's ability to access and control his personalities/powers is closely tied to his self confidence and self esteem: the better he feels about himself, the more control he exercises. Unfortunately, David often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he", "Onslaught, the evil psionic entity born from Xavier's darkest self, somehow restored by Project Orchis.\n\nPowers and abilities\nLegion is an Omega-level mutant who has dissociative identity disorder. Fundamentally, he has the ability to alter reality and time on a cosmic scale at will, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary depending on the dominant personality: each alter has different powers enabled by David's subconscious manipulation of reality. The core personality, David Haller himself, generally does not manifest mutant abilities, but must access various personalities to use their power, sometimes losing control of himself to that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body", "often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he must struggle to remain in control. Following the Age of X, David briefly used a Neural Switchboard Wristband engineered by Doctor Nemesis, Madison Jeffries, and Reed Richards. This device allowed Legion to utilize a personality's power set for several seconds without being overwhelmed by that personality. However, he soon abandoned this and attempted instead to develop a more organic control over his personalities.\n\nPersonalities\nThe following characters are different personalities of Legion that have appeared thus far, each one manifesting different powers:\n\nThrough the personality of terrorist Jemail Karami (the name given to Personality #2), he has manifested telepathy.\nThrough" ]

[]

[ "Legion (David Charles Haller) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, typically as a villain or supporting character in stories featuring the X-Men and related characters. Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist Bill Sienkiewicz, the character first appeared in New Mutants #25 (March 1985).\nHe is the mutant son of Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller. Legion takes the role of an antihero who has a severe mental illness, including a form of dissociative identity disorder in which each of his identities exhibits different mutant abilities or powers.\nThe character was portrayed by Dan Stevens in the FX television series Legion (2017–19), which", "the personality of The Legion (the name given to Personality #5, which claims to be Legion's \"real me\"), he can warp time and reality. Magik nicknamed this personality the \"God-Mutant.\"\nThrough the personality of Sally (the name given to Personality #67), he has the appearance of an obese woman with Hulk-like super-strength.\nThrough the personality of a punk rocker named Lucas (the name given to Personality #115), he can channel sound into energy blasts.\nThrough Personality #181, he can enlarge himself to an undetermined size. This was the first power Legion utilized with the Neural Switchboard Wristband.\nThrough the personality of Johnny Gomorrah (the name", "the power to levitate himself.\n\nMentality\nLegion has been described as having dissociative identity disorder. In his first appearance he was also described as autistic, however this diagnosis has not been used since.\n\nOrigin of name\nLegion's name is derived from a passage in the Christian Bible (found in Mark 5 and Luke 8). In it, Jesus asks a man possessed by many evil spirits what his name is, to which the man replies \"I am Legion, for we are many.\"\n\nReception\nIn 2014, Entertainment Weekly ranked Legion 21st in their \"Let's rank every X-Man ever\" list.\nIn 2018, CBR.com ranked Legion 14th in their \"8 X-Men Kids Cooler", "Xavier\" is a dangerous personality David created following the mental shock of the death of his father Professor X. The Fiend manifests as either a yellow goblin-like creature or in the guise of Professor X. The Fiend has significant psychic abilities, including precognition and possession, and can kill other Legion personalities in Legion's mind, absorbing their power. Eventually, the Fiend became independent from David and tried to help him retain more control of himself.\nFindel the Finder can find anyone across the galaxy.\nGestalt is a powerful fusion of several Legion personalities with the core personality of David himself, allowing the abilities of these personalities to manifest simultaneously under" ]

[ "Legion (David Charles Haller) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, typically as a villain or supporting character in stories featuring the X-Men and related characters. Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist Bill Sienkiewicz, the character first appeared in New Mutants #25 (March 1985).\nHe is the mutant son of Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller. Legion takes the role of an antihero who has a severe mental illness, including a form of dissociative identity disorder in which each of his identities exhibits different mutant abilities or powers.\nThe character was portrayed by Dan Stevens in the FX television series Legion (2017–19), which" ]

[ "Legion (David Charles Haller) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, typically as a villain or supporting character in stories featuring the X-Men and related characters. Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist Bill Sienkiewicz, the character first appeared in New Mutants #25 (March 1985).\nHe is the mutant son of Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller. Legion takes the role of an antihero who has a severe mental illness, including a form of dissociative identity disorder in which each of his identities exhibits different mutant abilities or powers.\nThe character was portrayed by Dan Stevens in the FX television series Legion (2017–19), which", "Onslaught, the evil psionic entity born from Xavier's darkest self, somehow restored by Project Orchis.\n\nPowers and abilities\nLegion is an Omega-level mutant who has dissociative identity disorder. Fundamentally, he has the ability to alter reality and time on a cosmic scale at will, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary depending on the dominant personality: each alter has different powers enabled by David's subconscious manipulation of reality. The core personality, David Haller himself, generally does not manifest mutant abilities, but must access various personalities to use their power, sometimes losing control of himself to that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body", "in his youth, but she did not tell him of her pregnancy until years later, once their son's mutation became apparent.\nA character partially based on Legion named Takeo Sasaki appears in Marvel Anime: X-Men, voiced by Atsushi Abe in the Japanese version and by Steve Staley in the English dub. Similarly to Legion, Takeo is the son of Professor X. Additionally, while Legion himself does not appear, he is stated to be responsible for creating \"Demon-Hall Syndrome\", a mutant affliction that manifests secondary mutations, such as multiple personalities, uncontrolled physical mutations, and psychological instability.\nDavid Haller / Legion appears in a self-titled TV series,", "conclusion that Legion should not be used in the series. David explained \"I don't mind building a story around [Legion], but working him into a group – you're really asking for a bit much from the reader. Believing that a group of people will come together to form a team is enough of a suspension of disbelief... 'Oh, by the way, one of them is so nuts he shouldn't be setting foot off Muir Island'... that's asking the reader to bend so far he will break.\"\n\nFictional character biography\nWhile working in an Israeli psychiatric facility, Charles Xavier met a patient named Gabrielle Haller. The two had an affair", "him instead, creating a new timeline in the process.Additionally, an alternate reality version of David appears in the episode \"Chapter 18\", also portrayed by Dan Stevens.\n\nCollected editions\nSolo Series\nX-Men Legacy volumes 1–4 were rereleased as Legion: Son of X volumes 1–4 in 2018.\n\nStorylines\nSee also\nCrazy Jane – A DC Comics character who is often linked and compared to Legion\nStephanie Maas – A Joe's Comics character with superpowers and dissociative identity disorder\n\nReferences\nExternal links\nLegion (David Haller) at the Marvel Universe wiki\nLegion at Marvel Wiki\nLegion Personality Index at Marvel Wiki\nLegion at Comic Vine\nUncannyXmen.Net Spotlight on Legion", "as well as the Age of X and to create a new safe place for David to live happily forever. Instead, David absorbed her and reverted the Fortress X to the normal reality, with a few modifications.\n\nUltimate Marvel\nThe Ultimate Marvel incarnation of Proteus is a combination of Legion and Proteus from the mainstream comics. His mother is Moira MacTaggert and his father is Charles Xavier. He possesses Proteus' reality warping power and is named David Xavier. He escapes his mother's facility, looking for his father, and murders hundreds to discredit him. David is later crushed by Colossus, while possessing S.T.R.I.K.E. agent Betsy Braddock", "Haller / Legion appears in a self-titled TV series, portrayed by Dan Stevens as an adult Tobias Austen and Noah Hegglin Houben as an infant, Sebastian Billingsley-Rodriguez as a toddler, Christian Convery, Luke Rosseler, and Jacob Hoppenbrouwer as different stages of his childhood, and by Alex Mulgrew as a teenager. This version was diagnosed with schizophrenia instead of dissociative identity disorder and possesses psionic abilities such as telepathy and telekinesis. Throughout the first season, he goes on to enter a relationship with a body-swapping mutant named Sydney \"Syd\" Barrett and discovers the Shadow King has lived in his mind since childhood before", "that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body (e.g., manifesting a prehensile tongue, becoming a woman, transforming into a werewolf, etc.). The first alter to manifest, Jemail Karami, was telepathic. Other prominent alters include Jack Wayne (telekinetic) and Cyndi (pyrokinetic). Legion has over a thousand different personalities (the exact number is unknown), and his mind can create additional alters in response to external or internal events.The cumulative abilities of all his personalities make him one of the most powerful mutants in existence, if not the most powerful. Since the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of", "Xavier\" is a dangerous personality David created following the mental shock of the death of his father Professor X. The Fiend manifests as either a yellow goblin-like creature or in the guise of Professor X. The Fiend has significant psychic abilities, including precognition and possession, and can kill other Legion personalities in Legion's mind, absorbing their power. Eventually, the Fiend became independent from David and tried to help him retain more control of himself.\nFindel the Finder can find anyone across the galaxy.\nGestalt is a powerful fusion of several Legion personalities with the core personality of David himself, allowing the abilities of these personalities to manifest simultaneously under", "often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he must struggle to remain in control. Following the Age of X, David briefly used a Neural Switchboard Wristband engineered by Doctor Nemesis, Madison Jeffries, and Reed Richards. This device allowed Legion to utilize a personality's power set for several seconds without being overwhelmed by that personality. However, he soon abandoned this and attempted instead to develop a more organic control over his personalities.\n\nPersonalities\nThe following characters are different personalities of Legion that have appeared thus far, each one manifesting different powers:\n\nThrough the personality of terrorist Jemail Karami (the name given to Personality #2), he has manifested telepathy.\nThrough" ]

[ "Does Legion have a secret identity?", "Legion is the mutant son of Professor Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller." ]

[]

[ "the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of reality, Legion is theoretically capable of manifesting any power he can imagine. In two instances David has manifested the full extent of his ability to alter time and reality: in the first, he wiped the Elder Gods from existence and reset the universe to a state before the Elder Gods first appeared on Earth, and in the other he observed the entirety of spacetime and mended damage his personalities had done to it.Legion can absorb other people's psyches into his mind, either intentionally or, if he is next to them when they die, unintentionally. Conversely, in several instances Legion" ]

[ "Legion (David Charles Haller) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, typically as a villain or supporting character in stories featuring the X-Men and related characters. Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist Bill Sienkiewicz, the character first appeared in New Mutants #25 (March 1985).\nHe is the mutant son of Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller. Legion takes the role of an antihero who has a severe mental illness, including a form of dissociative identity disorder in which each of his identities exhibits different mutant abilities or powers.\nThe character was portrayed by Dan Stevens in the FX television series Legion (2017–19), which", "Onslaught, the evil psionic entity born from Xavier's darkest self, somehow restored by Project Orchis.\n\nPowers and abilities\nLegion is an Omega-level mutant who has dissociative identity disorder. Fundamentally, he has the ability to alter reality and time on a cosmic scale at will, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary depending on the dominant personality: each alter has different powers enabled by David's subconscious manipulation of reality. The core personality, David Haller himself, generally does not manifest mutant abilities, but must access various personalities to use their power, sometimes losing control of himself to that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body", "in his youth, but she did not tell him of her pregnancy until years later, once their son's mutation became apparent.\nA character partially based on Legion named Takeo Sasaki appears in Marvel Anime: X-Men, voiced by Atsushi Abe in the Japanese version and by Steve Staley in the English dub. Similarly to Legion, Takeo is the son of Professor X. Additionally, while Legion himself does not appear, he is stated to be responsible for creating \"Demon-Hall Syndrome\", a mutant affliction that manifests secondary mutations, such as multiple personalities, uncontrolled physical mutations, and psychological instability.\nDavid Haller / Legion appears in a self-titled TV series," ]

[ "Does Legion have a secret identity?", "Legion is the mutant son of Professor Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller.", "What superpowers does Legion have?", "Legion has the ability to alter reality and time, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary." ]

[ "that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body (e.g., manifesting a prehensile tongue, becoming a woman, transforming into a werewolf, etc.). The first alter to manifest, Jemail Karami, was telepathic. Other prominent alters include Jack Wayne (telekinetic) and Cyndi (pyrokinetic). Legion has over a thousand different personalities (the exact number is unknown), and his mind can create additional alters in response to external or internal events.The cumulative abilities of all his personalities make him one of the most powerful mutants in existence, if not the most powerful. Since the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of", "conclusion that Legion should not be used in the series. David explained \"I don't mind building a story around [Legion], but working him into a group – you're really asking for a bit much from the reader. Believing that a group of people will come together to form a team is enough of a suspension of disbelief... 'Oh, by the way, one of them is so nuts he shouldn't be setting foot off Muir Island'... that's asking the reader to bend so far he will break.\"\n\nFictional character biography\nWhile working in an Israeli psychiatric facility, Charles Xavier met a patient named Gabrielle Haller. The two had an affair", "him instead, creating a new timeline in the process.Additionally, an alternate reality version of David appears in the episode \"Chapter 18\", also portrayed by Dan Stevens.\n\nCollected editions\nSolo Series\nX-Men Legacy volumes 1–4 were rereleased as Legion: Son of X volumes 1–4 in 2018.\n\nStorylines\nSee also\nCrazy Jane – A DC Comics character who is often linked and compared to Legion\nStephanie Maas – A Joe's Comics character with superpowers and dissociative identity disorder\n\nReferences\nExternal links\nLegion (David Haller) at the Marvel Universe wiki\nLegion at Marvel Wiki\nLegion Personality Index at Marvel Wiki\nLegion at Comic Vine\nUncannyXmen.Net Spotlight on Legion", "often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he must struggle to remain in control. Following the Age of X, David briefly used a Neural Switchboard Wristband engineered by Doctor Nemesis, Madison Jeffries, and Reed Richards. This device allowed Legion to utilize a personality's power set for several seconds without being overwhelmed by that personality. However, he soon abandoned this and attempted instead to develop a more organic control over his personalities.\n\nPersonalities\nThe following characters are different personalities of Legion that have appeared thus far, each one manifesting different powers:\n\nThrough the personality of terrorist Jemail Karami (the name given to Personality #2), he has manifested telepathy.\nThrough", "the power to levitate himself.\n\nMentality\nLegion has been described as having dissociative identity disorder. In his first appearance he was also described as autistic, however this diagnosis has not been used since.\n\nOrigin of name\nLegion's name is derived from a passage in the Christian Bible (found in Mark 5 and Luke 8). In it, Jesus asks a man possessed by many evil spirits what his name is, to which the man replies \"I am Legion, for we are many.\"\n\nReception\nIn 2014, Entertainment Weekly ranked Legion 21st in their \"Let's rank every X-Man ever\" list.\nIn 2018, CBR.com ranked Legion 14th in their \"8 X-Men Kids Cooler", "Haller / Legion appears in a self-titled TV series, portrayed by Dan Stevens as an adult Tobias Austen and Noah Hegglin Houben as an infant, Sebastian Billingsley-Rodriguez as a toddler, Christian Convery, Luke Rosseler, and Jacob Hoppenbrouwer as different stages of his childhood, and by Alex Mulgrew as a teenager. This version was diagnosed with schizophrenia instead of dissociative identity disorder and possesses psionic abilities such as telepathy and telekinesis. Throughout the first season, he goes on to enter a relationship with a body-swapping mutant named Sydney \"Syd\" Barrett and discovers the Shadow King has lived in his mind since childhood before", "ranked Legion 14th in their \"8 X-Men Kids Cooler Than Their Parents (And 7 Who Are Way Worse)\" list.\nIn 2018, CBR.com ranked Legion 1st in their \"20 Most Powerful Mutants From The '80s\" list.\n\nOther versions\nAge of X\nIn the Age of X reality, Legion leads the Force Warriors, a select group of telekinetics who rebuild the \"Force Walls\" (telekinetic shields that protect Fortress X) on a daily basis to protect mutants from human attacks. Unlike his 616 counterpart, there is no trace of the other personalities shown. It is ultimately revealed that the Age of X reality was unconsciously created by Legion himself. A flashback reveals" ]

[ "that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body (e.g., manifesting a prehensile tongue, becoming a woman, transforming into a werewolf, etc.). The first alter to manifest, Jemail Karami, was telepathic. Other prominent alters include Jack Wayne (telekinetic) and Cyndi (pyrokinetic). Legion has over a thousand different personalities (the exact number is unknown), and his mind can create additional alters in response to external or internal events.The cumulative abilities of all his personalities make him one of the most powerful mutants in existence, if not the most powerful. Since the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of" ]

[ "Onslaught, the evil psionic entity born from Xavier's darkest self, somehow restored by Project Orchis.\n\nPowers and abilities\nLegion is an Omega-level mutant who has dissociative identity disorder. Fundamentally, he has the ability to alter reality and time on a cosmic scale at will, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary depending on the dominant personality: each alter has different powers enabled by David's subconscious manipulation of reality. The core personality, David Haller himself, generally does not manifest mutant abilities, but must access various personalities to use their power, sometimes losing control of himself to that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body", "Legion (David Charles Haller) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, typically as a villain or supporting character in stories featuring the X-Men and related characters. Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist Bill Sienkiewicz, the character first appeared in New Mutants #25 (March 1985).\nHe is the mutant son of Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller. Legion takes the role of an antihero who has a severe mental illness, including a form of dissociative identity disorder in which each of his identities exhibits different mutant abilities or powers.\nThe character was portrayed by Dan Stevens in the FX television series Legion (2017–19), which", "that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body (e.g., manifesting a prehensile tongue, becoming a woman, transforming into a werewolf, etc.). The first alter to manifest, Jemail Karami, was telepathic. Other prominent alters include Jack Wayne (telekinetic) and Cyndi (pyrokinetic). Legion has over a thousand different personalities (the exact number is unknown), and his mind can create additional alters in response to external or internal events.The cumulative abilities of all his personalities make him one of the most powerful mutants in existence, if not the most powerful. Since the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of", "in his youth, but she did not tell him of her pregnancy until years later, once their son's mutation became apparent.\nA character partially based on Legion named Takeo Sasaki appears in Marvel Anime: X-Men, voiced by Atsushi Abe in the Japanese version and by Steve Staley in the English dub. Similarly to Legion, Takeo is the son of Professor X. Additionally, while Legion himself does not appear, he is stated to be responsible for creating \"Demon-Hall Syndrome\", a mutant affliction that manifests secondary mutations, such as multiple personalities, uncontrolled physical mutations, and psychological instability.\nDavid Haller / Legion appears in a self-titled TV series,", "often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he must struggle to remain in control. Following the Age of X, David briefly used a Neural Switchboard Wristband engineered by Doctor Nemesis, Madison Jeffries, and Reed Richards. This device allowed Legion to utilize a personality's power set for several seconds without being overwhelmed by that personality. However, he soon abandoned this and attempted instead to develop a more organic control over his personalities.\n\nPersonalities\nThe following characters are different personalities of Legion that have appeared thus far, each one manifesting different powers:\n\nThrough the personality of terrorist Jemail Karami (the name given to Personality #2), he has manifested telepathy.\nThrough", "when they die, unintentionally. Conversely, in several instances Legion has had personalities manifest and act separately from him (or even against him) in the physical world; in most instances Legion has ultimately reabsorbed these personalities back into himself. Presumably, both his absorption of other psyches and the physical manifestations of his own personalities are enabled by Legion's underlying ability to alter reality/time at will.\nGenerally, David's ability to access and control his personalities/powers is closely tied to his self confidence and self esteem: the better he feels about himself, the more control he exercises. Unfortunately, David often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he", "the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of reality, Legion is theoretically capable of manifesting any power he can imagine. In two instances David has manifested the full extent of his ability to alter time and reality: in the first, he wiped the Elder Gods from existence and reset the universe to a state before the Elder Gods first appeared on Earth, and in the other he observed the entirety of spacetime and mended damage his personalities had done to it.Legion can absorb other people's psyches into his mind, either intentionally or, if he is next to them when they die, unintentionally. Conversely, in several instances Legion", "the power to levitate himself.\n\nMentality\nLegion has been described as having dissociative identity disorder. In his first appearance he was also described as autistic, however this diagnosis has not been used since.\n\nOrigin of name\nLegion's name is derived from a passage in the Christian Bible (found in Mark 5 and Luke 8). In it, Jesus asks a man possessed by many evil spirits what his name is, to which the man replies \"I am Legion, for we are many.\"\n\nReception\nIn 2014, Entertainment Weekly ranked Legion 21st in their \"Let's rank every X-Man ever\" list.\nIn 2018, CBR.com ranked Legion 14th in their \"8 X-Men Kids Cooler", "ranked Legion 14th in their \"8 X-Men Kids Cooler Than Their Parents (And 7 Who Are Way Worse)\" list.\nIn 2018, CBR.com ranked Legion 1st in their \"20 Most Powerful Mutants From The '80s\" list.\n\nOther versions\nAge of X\nIn the Age of X reality, Legion leads the Force Warriors, a select group of telekinetics who rebuild the \"Force Walls\" (telekinetic shields that protect Fortress X) on a daily basis to protect mutants from human attacks. Unlike his 616 counterpart, there is no trace of the other personalities shown. It is ultimately revealed that the Age of X reality was unconsciously created by Legion himself. A flashback reveals", "conclusion that Legion should not be used in the series. David explained \"I don't mind building a story around [Legion], but working him into a group – you're really asking for a bit much from the reader. Believing that a group of people will come together to form a team is enough of a suspension of disbelief... 'Oh, by the way, one of them is so nuts he shouldn't be setting foot off Muir Island'... that's asking the reader to bend so far he will break.\"\n\nFictional character biography\nWhile working in an Israeli psychiatric facility, Charles Xavier met a patient named Gabrielle Haller. The two had an affair" ]

[ "Does Legion have a secret identity?", "Legion is the mutant son of Professor Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller.", "What superpowers does Legion have?", "Legion has the ability to alter reality and time, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary.", "What kind of psionic powers does Legion have?", "Legion has psionic powers such as telepathic, telekinetic, pyrokinetic, among other powers." ]

[]

[ "state. Some of the alters resisted Karami, most notably Jack Wayne, a swaggering adventurer who was telekinetic, and Cyndi, a temperamental, rebellious girl who was pyrokinetic. Ultimately Karami, Wayne, and Cyndi continued to exist as David's most prominent alters.During his time at Muir Island, David saved Moira and Wolfsbane from a fatal accident by accessing the telekinetic abilities of his Jack Wayne alter. However, this allowed Jack Wayne to take control of David's body, and he left the island. The New Mutants tracked him down and, after a struggle, convinced Wayne to allow David to again assume control. Soon after, David" ]

[ "Onslaught, the evil psionic entity born from Xavier's darkest self, somehow restored by Project Orchis.\n\nPowers and abilities\nLegion is an Omega-level mutant who has dissociative identity disorder. Fundamentally, he has the ability to alter reality and time on a cosmic scale at will, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary depending on the dominant personality: each alter has different powers enabled by David's subconscious manipulation of reality. The core personality, David Haller himself, generally does not manifest mutant abilities, but must access various personalities to use their power, sometimes losing control of himself to that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body", "that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body (e.g., manifesting a prehensile tongue, becoming a woman, transforming into a werewolf, etc.). The first alter to manifest, Jemail Karami, was telepathic. Other prominent alters include Jack Wayne (telekinetic) and Cyndi (pyrokinetic). Legion has over a thousand different personalities (the exact number is unknown), and his mind can create additional alters in response to external or internal events.The cumulative abilities of all his personalities make him one of the most powerful mutants in existence, if not the most powerful. Since the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of", "Legion (David Charles Haller) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, typically as a villain or supporting character in stories featuring the X-Men and related characters. Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist Bill Sienkiewicz, the character first appeared in New Mutants #25 (March 1985).\nHe is the mutant son of Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller. Legion takes the role of an antihero who has a severe mental illness, including a form of dissociative identity disorder in which each of his identities exhibits different mutant abilities or powers.\nThe character was portrayed by Dan Stevens in the FX television series Legion (2017–19), which", "when they die, unintentionally. Conversely, in several instances Legion has had personalities manifest and act separately from him (or even against him) in the physical world; in most instances Legion has ultimately reabsorbed these personalities back into himself. Presumably, both his absorption of other psyches and the physical manifestations of his own personalities are enabled by Legion's underlying ability to alter reality/time at will.\nGenerally, David's ability to access and control his personalities/powers is closely tied to his self confidence and self esteem: the better he feels about himself, the more control he exercises. Unfortunately, David often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he", "often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he must struggle to remain in control. Following the Age of X, David briefly used a Neural Switchboard Wristband engineered by Doctor Nemesis, Madison Jeffries, and Reed Richards. This device allowed Legion to utilize a personality's power set for several seconds without being overwhelmed by that personality. However, he soon abandoned this and attempted instead to develop a more organic control over his personalities.\n\nPersonalities\nThe following characters are different personalities of Legion that have appeared thus far, each one manifesting different powers:\n\nThrough the personality of terrorist Jemail Karami (the name given to Personality #2), he has manifested telepathy.\nThrough", "the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of reality, Legion is theoretically capable of manifesting any power he can imagine. In two instances David has manifested the full extent of his ability to alter time and reality: in the first, he wiped the Elder Gods from existence and reset the universe to a state before the Elder Gods first appeared on Earth, and in the other he observed the entirety of spacetime and mended damage his personalities had done to it.Legion can absorb other people's psyches into his mind, either intentionally or, if he is next to them when they die, unintentionally. Conversely, in several instances Legion", "in his youth, but she did not tell him of her pregnancy until years later, once their son's mutation became apparent.\nA character partially based on Legion named Takeo Sasaki appears in Marvel Anime: X-Men, voiced by Atsushi Abe in the Japanese version and by Steve Staley in the English dub. Similarly to Legion, Takeo is the son of Professor X. Additionally, while Legion himself does not appear, he is stated to be responsible for creating \"Demon-Hall Syndrome\", a mutant affliction that manifests secondary mutations, such as multiple personalities, uncontrolled physical mutations, and psychological instability.\nDavid Haller / Legion appears in a self-titled TV series,", "Xavier\" is a dangerous personality David created following the mental shock of the death of his father Professor X. The Fiend manifests as either a yellow goblin-like creature or in the guise of Professor X. The Fiend has significant psychic abilities, including precognition and possession, and can kill other Legion personalities in Legion's mind, absorbing their power. Eventually, the Fiend became independent from David and tried to help him retain more control of himself.\nFindel the Finder can find anyone across the galaxy.\nGestalt is a powerful fusion of several Legion personalities with the core personality of David himself, allowing the abilities of these personalities to manifest simultaneously under", "ranked Legion 14th in their \"8 X-Men Kids Cooler Than Their Parents (And 7 Who Are Way Worse)\" list.\nIn 2018, CBR.com ranked Legion 1st in their \"20 Most Powerful Mutants From The '80s\" list.\n\nOther versions\nAge of X\nIn the Age of X reality, Legion leads the Force Warriors, a select group of telekinetics who rebuild the \"Force Walls\" (telekinetic shields that protect Fortress X) on a daily basis to protect mutants from human attacks. Unlike his 616 counterpart, there is no trace of the other personalities shown. It is ultimately revealed that the Age of X reality was unconsciously created by Legion himself. A flashback reveals", "to his nervous system. Rogue stated that, while she was inside Legion, she was connected to thousands of types of powers and there were more being born all the time.\n\nThe Fiend\nTo aid his recovery, Professor X left Legion with Merzah the Mystic, a powerful empath and telepath who ran a Himalayan monastery. While at the monastery, David gained much greater control of himself, and he stopped using the Neural Switchboard Wristband. Under Merzah's tutelage, David learned to visualize a facility in his mind where his alters could be kept and controlled. However, while David was at the monastery, elsewhere in the world Professor X was killed." ]

[ "Does Legion have a secret identity?", "Legion is the mutant son of Professor Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller.", "What superpowers does Legion have?", "Legion has the ability to alter reality and time, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary.", "What kind of psionic powers does Legion have?", "Legion has psionic powers such as telepathic, telekinetic, pyrokinetic, among other powers.", "Why does Jack Wayne control Legion's power?", "David saved Moira and Wolfsbane from a fatal accident by accessing the telekinetic abilities of his Jack Wayne personality. However, this allowed Jack Wayne to take control of David's body." ]

[]

[ "met a patient named Gabrielle Haller. The two had an affair which ended amicably. Gabrielle became pregnant with David, but did not tell Charles.David, at a young age, was living with his mother and stepfather in Paris when his home was attacked by terrorists and his stepfather was killed. The trauma of the situation caused an initial manifestation of David's mutant powers, as David incinerated the minds of the terrorists. In the process, he unintentionally absorbed the mind of the terrorist leader, Jemail Karami, into his own. Being linked to so many others at their time of death, David was rendered catatonic for years. As he slowly" ]

[ "Onslaught, the evil psionic entity born from Xavier's darkest self, somehow restored by Project Orchis.\n\nPowers and abilities\nLegion is an Omega-level mutant who has dissociative identity disorder. Fundamentally, he has the ability to alter reality and time on a cosmic scale at will, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary depending on the dominant personality: each alter has different powers enabled by David's subconscious manipulation of reality. The core personality, David Haller himself, generally does not manifest mutant abilities, but must access various personalities to use their power, sometimes losing control of himself to that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body", "that personality. Some of Legion's personalities physically transform his body (e.g., manifesting a prehensile tongue, becoming a woman, transforming into a werewolf, etc.). The first alter to manifest, Jemail Karami, was telepathic. Other prominent alters include Jack Wayne (telekinetic) and Cyndi (pyrokinetic). Legion has over a thousand different personalities (the exact number is unknown), and his mind can create additional alters in response to external or internal events.The cumulative abilities of all his personalities make him one of the most powerful mutants in existence, if not the most powerful. Since the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of", "often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he must struggle to remain in control. Following the Age of X, David briefly used a Neural Switchboard Wristband engineered by Doctor Nemesis, Madison Jeffries, and Reed Richards. This device allowed Legion to utilize a personality's power set for several seconds without being overwhelmed by that personality. However, he soon abandoned this and attempted instead to develop a more organic control over his personalities.\n\nPersonalities\nThe following characters are different personalities of Legion that have appeared thus far, each one manifesting different powers:\n\nThrough the personality of terrorist Jemail Karami (the name given to Personality #2), he has manifested telepathy.\nThrough", "when they die, unintentionally. Conversely, in several instances Legion has had personalities manifest and act separately from him (or even against him) in the physical world; in most instances Legion has ultimately reabsorbed these personalities back into himself. Presumably, both his absorption of other psyches and the physical manifestations of his own personalities are enabled by Legion's underlying ability to alter reality/time at will.\nGenerally, David's ability to access and control his personalities/powers is closely tied to his self confidence and self esteem: the better he feels about himself, the more control he exercises. Unfortunately, David often suffers from self-doubt and self-recrimination, meaning that he", "Legion (David Charles Haller) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, typically as a villain or supporting character in stories featuring the X-Men and related characters. Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist Bill Sienkiewicz, the character first appeared in New Mutants #25 (March 1985).\nHe is the mutant son of Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller. Legion takes the role of an antihero who has a severe mental illness, including a form of dissociative identity disorder in which each of his identities exhibits different mutant abilities or powers.\nThe character was portrayed by Dan Stevens in the FX television series Legion (2017–19), which", "the abilities of his personalities stem from his subconscious alteration of reality, Legion is theoretically capable of manifesting any power he can imagine. In two instances David has manifested the full extent of his ability to alter time and reality: in the first, he wiped the Elder Gods from existence and reset the universe to a state before the Elder Gods first appeared on Earth, and in the other he observed the entirety of spacetime and mended damage his personalities had done to it.Legion can absorb other people's psyches into his mind, either intentionally or, if he is next to them when they die, unintentionally. Conversely, in several instances Legion", "in his youth, but she did not tell him of her pregnancy until years later, once their son's mutation became apparent.\nA character partially based on Legion named Takeo Sasaki appears in Marvel Anime: X-Men, voiced by Atsushi Abe in the Japanese version and by Steve Staley in the English dub. Similarly to Legion, Takeo is the son of Professor X. Additionally, while Legion himself does not appear, he is stated to be responsible for creating \"Demon-Hall Syndrome\", a mutant affliction that manifests secondary mutations, such as multiple personalities, uncontrolled physical mutations, and psychological instability.\nDavid Haller / Legion appears in a self-titled TV series,", "aid her by destroying her nemeses, the Elder Gods, when she asked.David re-manifested in the physical world, although his primary personality had been imprisoned in his mindscape by his other alters, allowing the more malicious alters to take turns controlling his body. One of these alters killed and absorbed the mind of a young girl, Marci Sobol, who became another alter within Legion. David was discovered by the New Mutants as they investigated a possible mutant case in Westcliffe, Colorado. David absorbed Karma and Magik into his mind. As the rest of the team fought a losing battle against various alters that seized control of Legion's body,", "quarantined, Doctor Nemesis began to catalog and contain these alters within David's mind. Unbeknownst to Doctor Nemesis and Professor Xavier, however, David's mind subconsciously perceived this intervention as a threat and created a \"psychic antibody,\" a powerful new personality, to defend itself. The new personality had access to a degree of David's underlying ability to alter reality and time. Assuming the appearance of the deceased Moira McTaggert (considered a mother figure by David due to his time under her care at Muir Island), the personality attempted to 'protect' Legion from the 'assault' on his mind by creating a pocket reality where Legion was the hero", "Xavier\" is a dangerous personality David created following the mental shock of the death of his father Professor X. The Fiend manifests as either a yellow goblin-like creature or in the guise of Professor X. The Fiend has significant psychic abilities, including precognition and possession, and can kill other Legion personalities in Legion's mind, absorbing their power. Eventually, the Fiend became independent from David and tried to help him retain more control of himself.\nFindel the Finder can find anyone across the galaxy.\nGestalt is a powerful fusion of several Legion personalities with the core personality of David himself, allowing the abilities of these personalities to manifest simultaneously under" ]

[ "Does Legion have a secret identity?", "Legion is the mutant son of Professor Charles Xavier and Gabrielle Haller.", "What superpowers does Legion have?", "Legion has the ability to alter reality and time, but due to his multiple personalities, in practice his abilities vary.", "What kind of psionic powers does Legion have?", "Legion has psionic powers such as telepathic, telekinetic, pyrokinetic, among other powers.", "Why does Jack Wayne control Legion's power?", "David saved Moira and Wolfsbane from a fatal accident by accessing the telekinetic abilities of his Jack Wayne personality. However, this allowed Jack Wayne to take control of David's body.", "What was the caused the initial manifestation of David's mutant powers?", "David, at a young age, was living with his mother and stepfather in Paris when his home was attacked by terrorists and his stepfather killed.", "Where did the terrorist attack happen?", "The terrorist attack happened in Israel.", "Who else controls Legion's powers?", "Other personalities that control David's powers are Karami and Cyndi.", "Who is Jemail Karami?", "Jemail Karami is a terrorist that David absorbed.", "Who is Cyndi?", "Cyndi is a temperamental, rebellious girl who was pyrokinetic and is now absorbed by David.", "What power did Jemail Karami control?", "Jemail Karami controls telephathic powers." ]

[]

[ "the power to levitate himself.\n\nMentality\nLegion has been described as having dissociative identity disorder. In his first appearance he was also described as autistic, however this diagnosis has not been used since.\n\nOrigin of name\nLegion's name is derived from a passage in the Christian Bible (found in Mark 5 and Luke 8). In it, Jesus asks a man possessed by many evil spirits what his name is, to which the man replies \"I am Legion, for we are many.\"\n\nReception\nIn 2014, Entertainment Weekly ranked Legion 21st in their \"Let's rank every X-Man ever\" list.\nIn 2018, CBR.com ranked Legion 14th in their \"8 X-Men Kids Cooler" ]

[ "There was sharp pushback on the letter, with a number of signers (not Cattell) having received funding from white supremacist organizations.\nHis works can be categorized or defined as part of cognitive psychology, due to his nature to measure every psychological aspect especially personality aspect.\n\nMultivariate research\nRather than pursue a \"univariate\" research approach to psychology, studying the effect that a single variable (such as \"dominance\") might have on another variable (such as \"decision-making\"), Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology (the analysis of several variables simultaneously). He believed that behavioral dimensions were too complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical", "Raymond Bernard Cattell (20 March 1905 – 2 February 1998) was a British-American psychologist, known for his psychometric research into intrapersonal psychological structure. His work also explored the basic dimensions of personality and temperament, the range of cognitive abilities, the dynamic dimensions of motivation and emotion, the clinical dimensions of abnormal personality, patterns of group syntality and social behavior, applications of personality research to psychotherapy and learning theory, predictors of creativity and achievement, and many multivariate research methods including the refinement of factor analytic methods for exploring and measuring these domains. Cattell authored, co-authored, or edited almost 60 scholarly books, more than 500 research articles, and", "cooperation among researchers who were using multivariate statistics to study human behavior. This resulted in the foundation of the Society of Multivariate Experimental Psychology (SMEP) and its flagship journal, Multivariate Behavioral Research. He brought many researchers from Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and South America to work in his lab at the University of Illinois. Many of his books involving multivariate experimental research were written in collaboration with notable colleagues.\n\nFactor analysis\nCattell noted that in the hard sciences such as chemistry, physics, astronomy, as well as in medical science, unsubstantiated theories were historically widespread until new instruments were developed to improve scientific observation and measurement. In the" ]

[ "What is multivariate research?", "Raymond Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology (the analysis of several variables simultaneously)." ]

[ "complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical univariate approach required bringing the individual into an artificial laboratory situation and measuring the effect of one particular variable on another – also known as the \"bivariate\" approach, while the multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole person and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context. Multivariate experimental research designs and multivariate statistical analyses allowed for the study of \"real-life\" situations (e.g., depression, divorce, loss) that could not be manipulated in an artificial laboratory environment.Cattell applied multivariate research methods across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal", "in medical settings to predict heart attack proneness, pain management variables, likely compliance with medical instructions, or recovery pattern from burns or organ transplants; in clinical settings to predict self-esteem, interpersonal needs, frustration tolerance, and openness to change; and, in research settings to predict a wide range of behavioral proclivities such as aggression, conformity, and authoritarianism.Cattell's programmatic multivariate research which extended from the 1940s through the 70's resulted in several books that have been widely recognized as identifying fundamental taxonomic dimensions of human personality and motivation and their organizing principles:\n\nThe Description and Measurement of Personality (1946)\nAn Introduction to Personality Study (1949)\nPersonality: A Systematic,", "edited almost 60 scholarly books, more than 500 research articles, and over 30 standardized psychometric tests, questionnaires, and rating scales. According to a widely cited ranking, Cattell was the 16th most eminent, 7th most cited in the scientific journal literature, and among the most productive psychologists of the 20th century. He was a controversial figure due in part to his friendships with, and intellectual respect for, white supremacists and neo-Nazis.Cattell was an early proponent of using factor analytic methods instead of what he called \"subjective verbal theorizing\" to explore empirically the basic dimensions of personality, motivation, and cognitive abilities. One of the results of Cattell's application", "Experimental Psychology (SMEP), and its journal Multivariate Behavioral Research, in order to bring together, encourage, and support scientists interested in multi-variate research. He was an early and frequent user of factor analysis (a statistical procedure for finding underlying factors in data). Cattell also developed new factor analytic techniques, for example, by inventing the scree test, which uses the curve of latent roots to judge the optimal number of factors to extract. He also developed a new factor analysis rotation procedure—the \"Procrustes\" or non-orthogonal rotation, designed to let the data itself determine the best location of factors, rather than requiring orthogonal factors. Additional contributions include the", "and cognitive abilities. One of the results of Cattell's application of factor analysis was his discovery of 16 separate primary trait factors within the normal personality sphere (based on the trait lexicon). He called these factors \"source traits\". This theory of personality factors and the self-report instrument used to measure them are known respectively as the 16 personality factor model and the 16PF Questionnaire (16PF).Cattell also undertook a series of empirical studies into the basic dimensions of other psychological domains: intelligence, motivation, career assessment and vocational interests. Cattell theorized the existence of fluid and crystallized intelligence to explain human cognitive ability, investigated changes in Gf and Gc", "Intelligence: Its Structure, Growth, and Action. Amsterdam: Elsevier. (1973 citations)\nCattell, R. B. (1988). The meaning and strategic use of factor analysis. In Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology. New York: Plenum. (1106 citations)\nCattell, R. B. and Cattell, H. E. P. (1995) Personality structure and the new fifth edition of the 16PF. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 6, 926-937. (315 citations)\nNesselroade, J. R. & Cattell, R. B. (2013). Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology (Rev. 3rd ed.) New York: Plenum. (1786 citations)\n\nComprehensive list of Cattell's books\nSee also\n16PF Questionnaire and factors\nBig Five Personality", "Science, 7, 258-262. (502 citations)\nCattell, R. B. (1965). Factor analysis: An introduction to essentials I: The purpose and underlying models. Biometrics, 21, 190–215. (767 citations)\nHorn, J. L. & Cattell, R. B. (1966). Refinement and test of the theory of fluid and crystallized intelligence. Journal of Educational Psychology, 57, 253–270. (2671 citations)\nCattell, R. B. (1966). The Scree Test for the number of factors. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1(2), 245–276. (18331 citations)\nCattell, R. B., & Jaspars, J. (1967). A general plasmode (No. 30-10-5-2) for factor analytic" ]

[ "complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical univariate approach required bringing the individual into an artificial laboratory situation and measuring the effect of one particular variable on another – also known as the \"bivariate\" approach, while the multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole person and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context. Multivariate experimental research designs and multivariate statistical analyses allowed for the study of \"real-life\" situations (e.g., depression, divorce, loss) that could not be manipulated in an artificial laboratory environment.Cattell applied multivariate research methods across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal" ]

[ "There was sharp pushback on the letter, with a number of signers (not Cattell) having received funding from white supremacist organizations.\nHis works can be categorized or defined as part of cognitive psychology, due to his nature to measure every psychological aspect especially personality aspect.\n\nMultivariate research\nRather than pursue a \"univariate\" research approach to psychology, studying the effect that a single variable (such as \"dominance\") might have on another variable (such as \"decision-making\"), Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology (the analysis of several variables simultaneously). He believed that behavioral dimensions were too complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical" ]

[ "What is multivariate research?", "Raymond Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology (the analysis of several variables simultaneously).", "What else can you tell me about multivariate research?", "The multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context." ]

[ "complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical univariate approach required bringing the individual into an artificial laboratory situation and measuring the effect of one particular variable on another – also known as the \"bivariate\" approach, while the multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole person and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context. Multivariate experimental research designs and multivariate statistical analyses allowed for the study of \"real-life\" situations (e.g., depression, divorce, loss) that could not be manipulated in an artificial laboratory environment.Cattell applied multivariate research methods across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal", "Raymond Bernard Cattell (20 March 1905 – 2 February 1998) was a British-American psychologist, known for his psychometric research into intrapersonal psychological structure. His work also explored the basic dimensions of personality and temperament, the range of cognitive abilities, the dynamic dimensions of motivation and emotion, the clinical dimensions of abnormal personality, patterns of group syntality and social behavior, applications of personality research to psychotherapy and learning theory, predictors of creativity and achievement, and many multivariate research methods including the refinement of factor analytic methods for exploring and measuring these domains. Cattell authored, co-authored, or edited almost 60 scholarly books, more than 500 research articles, and", "cooperation among researchers who were using multivariate statistics to study human behavior. This resulted in the foundation of the Society of Multivariate Experimental Psychology (SMEP) and its flagship journal, Multivariate Behavioral Research. He brought many researchers from Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and South America to work in his lab at the University of Illinois. Many of his books involving multivariate experimental research were written in collaboration with notable colleagues.\n\nFactor analysis\nCattell noted that in the hard sciences such as chemistry, physics, astronomy, as well as in medical science, unsubstantiated theories were historically widespread until new instruments were developed to improve scientific observation and measurement. In the", "and cognitive abilities. One of the results of Cattell's application of factor analysis was his discovery of 16 separate primary trait factors within the normal personality sphere (based on the trait lexicon). He called these factors \"source traits\". This theory of personality factors and the self-report instrument used to measure them are known respectively as the 16 personality factor model and the 16PF Questionnaire (16PF).Cattell also undertook a series of empirical studies into the basic dimensions of other psychological domains: intelligence, motivation, career assessment and vocational interests. Cattell theorized the existence of fluid and crystallized intelligence to explain human cognitive ability, investigated changes in Gf and Gc", "in medical settings to predict heart attack proneness, pain management variables, likely compliance with medical instructions, or recovery pattern from burns or organ transplants; in clinical settings to predict self-esteem, interpersonal needs, frustration tolerance, and openness to change; and, in research settings to predict a wide range of behavioral proclivities such as aggression, conformity, and authoritarianism.Cattell's programmatic multivariate research which extended from the 1940s through the 70's resulted in several books that have been widely recognized as identifying fundamental taxonomic dimensions of human personality and motivation and their organizing principles:\n\nThe Description and Measurement of Personality (1946)\nAn Introduction to Personality Study (1949)\nPersonality: A Systematic,", "Experimental Psychology (SMEP), and its journal Multivariate Behavioral Research, in order to bring together, encourage, and support scientists interested in multi-variate research. He was an early and frequent user of factor analysis (a statistical procedure for finding underlying factors in data). Cattell also developed new factor analytic techniques, for example, by inventing the scree test, which uses the curve of latent roots to judge the optimal number of factors to extract. He also developed a new factor analysis rotation procedure—the \"Procrustes\" or non-orthogonal rotation, designed to let the data itself determine the best location of factors, rather than requiring orthogonal factors. Additional contributions include the", "across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal and abnormal) of personality, motivational or dynamic traits, emotional and mood states, as well as the diverse array of cognitive abilities. In each of these domains, he considered there must be a finite number of basic, unitary dimensions that could be identified empirically. He drew a comparison between these fundamental, underlying (source) traits and the basic dimensions of the physical world that were discovered and presented, for example, in the periodic table of chemical elements.In 1960, Cattell organized and convened an international symposium to increase communication and cooperation among researchers who were using multivariate statistics to study human", "edited almost 60 scholarly books, more than 500 research articles, and over 30 standardized psychometric tests, questionnaires, and rating scales. According to a widely cited ranking, Cattell was the 16th most eminent, 7th most cited in the scientific journal literature, and among the most productive psychologists of the 20th century. He was a controversial figure due in part to his friendships with, and intellectual respect for, white supremacists and neo-Nazis.Cattell was an early proponent of using factor analytic methods instead of what he called \"subjective verbal theorizing\" to explore empirically the basic dimensions of personality, motivation, and cognitive abilities. One of the results of Cattell's application", "Intelligence: Its Structure, Growth, and Action. Amsterdam: Elsevier. (1973 citations)\nCattell, R. B. (1988). The meaning and strategic use of factor analysis. In Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology. New York: Plenum. (1106 citations)\nCattell, R. B. and Cattell, H. E. P. (1995) Personality structure and the new fifth edition of the 16PF. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 6, 926-937. (315 citations)\nNesselroade, J. R. & Cattell, R. B. (2013). Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology (Rev. 3rd ed.) New York: Plenum. (1786 citations)\n\nComprehensive list of Cattell's books\nSee also\n16PF Questionnaire and factors\nBig Five Personality" ]

[ "complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical univariate approach required bringing the individual into an artificial laboratory situation and measuring the effect of one particular variable on another – also known as the \"bivariate\" approach, while the multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole person and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context. Multivariate experimental research designs and multivariate statistical analyses allowed for the study of \"real-life\" situations (e.g., depression, divorce, loss) that could not be manipulated in an artificial laboratory environment.Cattell applied multivariate research methods across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal" ]

[ "There was sharp pushback on the letter, with a number of signers (not Cattell) having received funding from white supremacist organizations.\nHis works can be categorized or defined as part of cognitive psychology, due to his nature to measure every psychological aspect especially personality aspect.\n\nMultivariate research\nRather than pursue a \"univariate\" research approach to psychology, studying the effect that a single variable (such as \"dominance\") might have on another variable (such as \"decision-making\"), Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology (the analysis of several variables simultaneously). He believed that behavioral dimensions were too complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical", "complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical univariate approach required bringing the individual into an artificial laboratory situation and measuring the effect of one particular variable on another – also known as the \"bivariate\" approach, while the multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole person and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context. Multivariate experimental research designs and multivariate statistical analyses allowed for the study of \"real-life\" situations (e.g., depression, divorce, loss) that could not be manipulated in an artificial laboratory environment.Cattell applied multivariate research methods across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal", "cooperation among researchers who were using multivariate statistics to study human behavior. This resulted in the foundation of the Society of Multivariate Experimental Psychology (SMEP) and its flagship journal, Multivariate Behavioral Research. He brought many researchers from Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and South America to work in his lab at the University of Illinois. Many of his books involving multivariate experimental research were written in collaboration with notable colleagues.\n\nFactor analysis\nCattell noted that in the hard sciences such as chemistry, physics, astronomy, as well as in medical science, unsubstantiated theories were historically widespread until new instruments were developed to improve scientific observation and measurement. In the" ]

[ "What is multivariate research?", "Raymond Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology (the analysis of several variables simultaneously).", "What else can you tell me about multivariate research?", "The multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context.", "What approach was being used before the multivariate?", "Univariate and bivariate research approaches were more commonly used before the multivariate approach.", "How did the multivariate research approach help research?", "Multivariate experimental research designs and multivariate statistical analyses allowed for the study of real-life situations that could not be manipulated in an artificial laboratory environment.", "Rather than pursue a univariate research approach to psychology, studying the effect that a single variable might have on another what?", "Rather than pursue a univariate research approach to psychology, studying the effect that a single variable might have on another variable, Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology.", "How is multivariate research different from other methods?", "Instead of focusing on just one variant or two, the new approach allowed its user to focus on multiple variants simultaneously." ]

[ "Raymond Bernard Cattell (20 March 1905 – 2 February 1998) was a British-American psychologist, known for his psychometric research into intrapersonal psychological structure. His work also explored the basic dimensions of personality and temperament, the range of cognitive abilities, the dynamic dimensions of motivation and emotion, the clinical dimensions of abnormal personality, patterns of group syntality and social behavior, applications of personality research to psychotherapy and learning theory, predictors of creativity and achievement, and many multivariate research methods including the refinement of factor analytic methods for exploring and measuring these domains. Cattell authored, co-authored, or edited almost 60 scholarly books, more than 500 research articles, and", "Experimental Psychology (SMEP), and its journal Multivariate Behavioral Research, in order to bring together, encourage, and support scientists interested in multi-variate research. He was an early and frequent user of factor analysis (a statistical procedure for finding underlying factors in data). Cattell also developed new factor analytic techniques, for example, by inventing the scree test, which uses the curve of latent roots to judge the optimal number of factors to extract. He also developed a new factor analysis rotation procedure—the \"Procrustes\" or non-orthogonal rotation, designed to let the data itself determine the best location of factors, rather than requiring orthogonal factors. Additional contributions include the", "and cognitive abilities. One of the results of Cattell's application of factor analysis was his discovery of 16 separate primary trait factors within the normal personality sphere (based on the trait lexicon). He called these factors \"source traits\". This theory of personality factors and the self-report instrument used to measure them are known respectively as the 16 personality factor model and the 16PF Questionnaire (16PF).Cattell also undertook a series of empirical studies into the basic dimensions of other psychological domains: intelligence, motivation, career assessment and vocational interests. Cattell theorized the existence of fluid and crystallized intelligence to explain human cognitive ability, investigated changes in Gf and Gc", "in medical settings to predict heart attack proneness, pain management variables, likely compliance with medical instructions, or recovery pattern from burns or organ transplants; in clinical settings to predict self-esteem, interpersonal needs, frustration tolerance, and openness to change; and, in research settings to predict a wide range of behavioral proclivities such as aggression, conformity, and authoritarianism.Cattell's programmatic multivariate research which extended from the 1940s through the 70's resulted in several books that have been widely recognized as identifying fundamental taxonomic dimensions of human personality and motivation and their organizing principles:\n\nThe Description and Measurement of Personality (1946)\nAn Introduction to Personality Study (1949)\nPersonality: A Systematic,", "explain human cognitive ability, investigated changes in Gf and Gc over the lifespan, and constructed the Culture Fair Intelligence Test to minimize the bias of written language and cultural background in intelligence testing.\n\nInnovations and accomplishments\nCattell's research was mainly in personality, abilities, motivations, and innovative multivariate research methods and statistical analysis (especially his many refinements to exploratory factor analytic methodology). In his personality research, he is best remembered for his factor-analytically derived 16-factor model of normal personality structure, arguing for this model over Eysenck's simpler higher-order 3-factor model, and constructing measures of these primary factors in the form of the 16PF Questionnaire (and", "Intelligence: Its Structure, Growth, and Action. Amsterdam: Elsevier. (1973 citations)\nCattell, R. B. (1988). The meaning and strategic use of factor analysis. In Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology. New York: Plenum. (1106 citations)\nCattell, R. B. and Cattell, H. E. P. (1995) Personality structure and the new fifth edition of the 16PF. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 6, 926-937. (315 citations)\nNesselroade, J. R. & Cattell, R. B. (2013). Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology (Rev. 3rd ed.) New York: Plenum. (1786 citations)\n\nComprehensive list of Cattell's books\nSee also\n16PF Questionnaire and factors\nBig Five Personality", "across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal and abnormal) of personality, motivational or dynamic traits, emotional and mood states, as well as the diverse array of cognitive abilities. In each of these domains, he considered there must be a finite number of basic, unitary dimensions that could be identified empirically. He drew a comparison between these fundamental, underlying (source) traits and the basic dimensions of the physical world that were discovered and presented, for example, in the periodic table of chemical elements.In 1960, Cattell organized and convened an international symposium to increase communication and cooperation among researchers who were using multivariate statistics to study human" ]

[ "Raymond Bernard Cattell (20 March 1905 – 2 February 1998) was a British-American psychologist, known for his psychometric research into intrapersonal psychological structure. His work also explored the basic dimensions of personality and temperament, the range of cognitive abilities, the dynamic dimensions of motivation and emotion, the clinical dimensions of abnormal personality, patterns of group syntality and social behavior, applications of personality research to psychotherapy and learning theory, predictors of creativity and achievement, and many multivariate research methods including the refinement of factor analytic methods for exploring and measuring these domains. Cattell authored, co-authored, or edited almost 60 scholarly books, more than 500 research articles, and" ]

[]

[ "What is multivariate research?", "Raymond Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology (the analysis of several variables simultaneously).", "What else can you tell me about multivariate research?", "The multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context.", "What approach was being used before the multivariate?", "Univariate and bivariate research approaches were more commonly used before the multivariate approach.", "How did the multivariate research approach help research?", "Multivariate experimental research designs and multivariate statistical analyses allowed for the study of real-life situations that could not be manipulated in an artificial laboratory environment.", "Rather than pursue a univariate research approach to psychology, studying the effect that a single variable might have on another what?", "Rather than pursue a univariate research approach to psychology, studying the effect that a single variable might have on another variable, Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology.", "How is multivariate research different from other methods?", "Instead of focusing on just one variant or two, the new approach allowed its user to focus on multiple variants simultaneously.", "Has the multivariate research been applied?", "Raymond Cattell applied multivariate research methods across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs of personality, motivational or dynamic traits, mood states, as well as the diverse array of cognitive abilities." ]

[ "complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical univariate approach required bringing the individual into an artificial laboratory situation and measuring the effect of one particular variable on another – also known as the \"bivariate\" approach, while the multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole person and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context. Multivariate experimental research designs and multivariate statistical analyses allowed for the study of \"real-life\" situations (e.g., depression, divorce, loss) that could not be manipulated in an artificial laboratory environment.Cattell applied multivariate research methods across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal", "There was sharp pushback on the letter, with a number of signers (not Cattell) having received funding from white supremacist organizations.\nHis works can be categorized or defined as part of cognitive psychology, due to his nature to measure every psychological aspect especially personality aspect.\n\nMultivariate research\nRather than pursue a \"univariate\" research approach to psychology, studying the effect that a single variable (such as \"dominance\") might have on another variable (such as \"decision-making\"), Cattell pioneered the use of multivariate experimental psychology (the analysis of several variables simultaneously). He believed that behavioral dimensions were too complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical", "cooperation among researchers who were using multivariate statistics to study human behavior. This resulted in the foundation of the Society of Multivariate Experimental Psychology (SMEP) and its flagship journal, Multivariate Behavioral Research. He brought many researchers from Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, and South America to work in his lab at the University of Illinois. Many of his books involving multivariate experimental research were written in collaboration with notable colleagues.\n\nFactor analysis\nCattell noted that in the hard sciences such as chemistry, physics, astronomy, as well as in medical science, unsubstantiated theories were historically widespread until new instruments were developed to improve scientific observation and measurement. In the", "Raymond Bernard Cattell (20 March 1905 – 2 February 1998) was a British-American psychologist, known for his psychometric research into intrapersonal psychological structure. His work also explored the basic dimensions of personality and temperament, the range of cognitive abilities, the dynamic dimensions of motivation and emotion, the clinical dimensions of abnormal personality, patterns of group syntality and social behavior, applications of personality research to psychotherapy and learning theory, predictors of creativity and achievement, and many multivariate research methods including the refinement of factor analytic methods for exploring and measuring these domains. Cattell authored, co-authored, or edited almost 60 scholarly books, more than 500 research articles, and", "and cognitive abilities. One of the results of Cattell's application of factor analysis was his discovery of 16 separate primary trait factors within the normal personality sphere (based on the trait lexicon). He called these factors \"source traits\". This theory of personality factors and the self-report instrument used to measure them are known respectively as the 16 personality factor model and the 16PF Questionnaire (16PF).Cattell also undertook a series of empirical studies into the basic dimensions of other psychological domains: intelligence, motivation, career assessment and vocational interests. Cattell theorized the existence of fluid and crystallized intelligence to explain human cognitive ability, investigated changes in Gf and Gc", "Experimental Psychology (SMEP), and its journal Multivariate Behavioral Research, in order to bring together, encourage, and support scientists interested in multi-variate research. He was an early and frequent user of factor analysis (a statistical procedure for finding underlying factors in data). Cattell also developed new factor analytic techniques, for example, by inventing the scree test, which uses the curve of latent roots to judge the optimal number of factors to extract. He also developed a new factor analysis rotation procedure—the \"Procrustes\" or non-orthogonal rotation, designed to let the data itself determine the best location of factors, rather than requiring orthogonal factors. Additional contributions include the", "in medical settings to predict heart attack proneness, pain management variables, likely compliance with medical instructions, or recovery pattern from burns or organ transplants; in clinical settings to predict self-esteem, interpersonal needs, frustration tolerance, and openness to change; and, in research settings to predict a wide range of behavioral proclivities such as aggression, conformity, and authoritarianism.Cattell's programmatic multivariate research which extended from the 1940s through the 70's resulted in several books that have been widely recognized as identifying fundamental taxonomic dimensions of human personality and motivation and their organizing principles:\n\nThe Description and Measurement of Personality (1946)\nAn Introduction to Personality Study (1949)\nPersonality: A Systematic,", "across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal and abnormal) of personality, motivational or dynamic traits, emotional and mood states, as well as the diverse array of cognitive abilities. In each of these domains, he considered there must be a finite number of basic, unitary dimensions that could be identified empirically. He drew a comparison between these fundamental, underlying (source) traits and the basic dimensions of the physical world that were discovered and presented, for example, in the periodic table of chemical elements.In 1960, Cattell organized and convened an international symposium to increase communication and cooperation among researchers who were using multivariate statistics to study human", "explain human cognitive ability, investigated changes in Gf and Gc over the lifespan, and constructed the Culture Fair Intelligence Test to minimize the bias of written language and cultural background in intelligence testing.\n\nInnovations and accomplishments\nCattell's research was mainly in personality, abilities, motivations, and innovative multivariate research methods and statistical analysis (especially his many refinements to exploratory factor analytic methodology). In his personality research, he is best remembered for his factor-analytically derived 16-factor model of normal personality structure, arguing for this model over Eysenck's simpler higher-order 3-factor model, and constructing measures of these primary factors in the form of the 16PF Questionnaire (and", "Intelligence: Its Structure, Growth, and Action. Amsterdam: Elsevier. (1973 citations)\nCattell, R. B. (1988). The meaning and strategic use of factor analysis. In Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology. New York: Plenum. (1106 citations)\nCattell, R. B. and Cattell, H. E. P. (1995) Personality structure and the new fifth edition of the 16PF. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 6, 926-937. (315 citations)\nNesselroade, J. R. & Cattell, R. B. (2013). Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology (Rev. 3rd ed.) New York: Plenum. (1786 citations)\n\nComprehensive list of Cattell's books\nSee also\n16PF Questionnaire and factors\nBig Five Personality" ]

[ "complex and interactive to fully understand variables in isolation. The classical univariate approach required bringing the individual into an artificial laboratory situation and measuring the effect of one particular variable on another – also known as the \"bivariate\" approach, while the multivariate approach allowed psychologists to study the whole person and their unique combination of traits within a natural environmental context. Multivariate experimental research designs and multivariate statistical analyses allowed for the study of \"real-life\" situations (e.g., depression, divorce, loss) that could not be manipulated in an artificial laboratory environment.Cattell applied multivariate research methods across several intrapersonal psychological domains: the trait constructs (both normal" ]

[ "he later underwent surgery to relieve the pressure on his cartilage and tendons, and his condition improved slightly, in a 2017 interview he stated that he still had difficulty walking and faced mobility issues as a result of the stresses and injuries he faced throughout his football career due to overexerting himself. He has however still been able to take part in charity football games, and in 2014 he scored twice – one a trademark finish with a powerful 35 yard strike into the roof of the net – in a game in Italy.Batistuta currently lives in Perth, Western Australia, Australia.\n\nClub career\nEarly career\nAs a child, Batistuta preferred other sports", "issued by the U.S. Department of Justice was released, justifying al-Awlaki's death as a lawful act of war. Civil liberties advocates have described the incident as \"an extrajudicial execution\" that breached al-Awlaki's constitutional right to due process, including a trial.Al-Awlaki was born in Las Cruces, New Mexico, in 1971 to parents from Yemen. Growing up partially in the United States and partially in Yemen, he attended various universities across the United States in the 1990s and early 2000s, while also working as an imam, despite having no religious qualifications and almost no religious education. Al-Awlaki returned to Yemen in early 2004 and became" ]

[]

[ "On 28 December 1990, they were married at Saint Roque Church.\nThe couple moved to Florence, Italy, in 1991, and a year later their first son, Thiago, was born. Thanks to good performances in the Italian championship and with the Argentina national team, Batistuta gained fame and respect. He filmed several commercials and was invited onto numerous TV shows, but in spite of this, Batistuta always remained a low-profile family man. In 1997, Batistuta's second son, Lucas, was born, and a third son, Joaquín, followed in 1999. He now has a fourth son Shamel. In 2000, Batistuta and his family moved to Rome, where he", "in motion the effort to obtain a warrant. Gaouette said that if al-Awlaki had been convicted at the time, he would have faced about six months in custody.The New York Times suggested later that al-Awlaki had claimed birth in Yemen (his family's place of origin) to qualify for scholarship money granted to foreign citizens. U.S. Congressman Frank R. Wolf (R-VA) wrote in May 2010 that by claiming to be foreign-born, al-Awlaki fraudulently obtained more than $20,000 in scholarship funds reserved for foreign students.While living in Northern Virginia, al-Awlaki visited Ali al-Timimi, later known as a radical Islamic cleric. Al-Timimi", "relationship with an Icelandic graphic designer whose identity was not disclosed. He is a noted polyglot; in addition to his native English, he is fluent in German, Icelandic, Russian, and Spanish, and can hold basic conversations in French and Swedish.Grant's years with the Czars were troubling as he battled a drug and alcohol addiction, as well as severe anxiety, having suffered with the latter throughout his adult life. He lived in New York City during his hiatus from music between 2006 and 2010, working as a waiter at the Gramercy Tavern, a medical interpreter for Russian patients in a hospital, a record store clerk, and a flight attendant.", "India for over 50 years. He became an Indian citizen in 1989 and resided in Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum), Kerala from 1969 and served as the Director of COSTFORD (Centre of Science and Technology for Rural Development), an organisation to promote low-cost housing.\nIn 1981, the Royal University of the Netherlands conferred an honour (the previous recipient of this honour, in 1980, was Hassan Fathy of Egypt) upon him for outstanding work in a Third World country. In 1983 he was conferred with an MBE (Member of the Order of the British Empire) at Buckingham Palace. In 1990, the Government of India awarded him the Padma Shri for his meritorious", "May.Bradman was of English heritage on both sides of his family. His grandfather Charles Andrew Bradman had left Withersfield, Suffolk, for Australia. In 1930, when he played at Cambridge during his first tour of England, 21-year-old Bradman took the opportunity to trace his forebears in the region. Bradman was also partly of Italian lineage; one of his great-grandfathers had been one of the first Italians to migrate to Australia in 1826.Bradman's parents lived in the hamlet of Yeo Yeo, near Stockinbingal. His mother, Emily, gave birth to him at the Cootamundra home of Granny Scholz, a midwife, which is now the", "Dave Gaouette, who authorized its withdrawal. Al-Awlaki had listed Yemen rather than the United States as his place of birth on his 1990 application for a U.S. Social Security number, soon after arriving in the US. Al-Awlaki used this documentation to obtain a passport in 1993. He later corrected his place of birth to Las Cruces, New Mexico. \"The bizarre thing is if you put Yemen down (on the application), it would be harder to get a Social Security number than to say you are a native-born citizen of Las Cruces\", Gaouette said.Prosecutors could not charge him in October 2002, when he returned from a", "2000, Batistuta and his family moved to Rome, where he played for Roma. Two years after Shamel was born, Batistuta was loaned to Inter. In 2003, after 12 years in Italy, the family moved to Qatar where Batistuta had accepted a lucrative celebrity playing contract with a local team, Al-Arabi, ending his career there in 2005. He moved back to Argentina in 2007.Despite having completed his coaching badges in Argentina, he currently has no involvement with football, instead (primarily as he has difficulty walking) he prefers to play polo and golf, he was quoted saying 'I don't like football, it's only my job'. In later", "He died shortly after, and Tsafendas was jailed until his death in 1999.\n\nEarly life\nHendrik Frensch Verwoerd was born in Amsterdam in the Netherlands on 8 September 1901. Verwoerd was South Africa's only foreign-born prime minister. He was the second child of Anje Hendriks Strik (1873-1940) and Wilhelmus Johannes Verwoerd (1874-1961). His older brother was Leendert (Len) Verwoerd (1899-1986) and his younger sister, the only one born in South Africa, was Hendrika Johanna Lucretia (Lucie) Verwoerd (1908-1959). His father was a shopkeeper and a deeply religious man who decided to move his family to" ]

[ "On 28 December 1990, they were married at Saint Roque Church.\nThe couple moved to Florence, Italy, in 1991, and a year later their first son, Thiago, was born. Thanks to good performances in the Italian championship and with the Argentina national team, Batistuta gained fame and respect. He filmed several commercials and was invited onto numerous TV shows, but in spite of this, Batistuta always remained a low-profile family man. In 1997, Batistuta's second son, Lucas, was born, and a third son, Joaquín, followed in 1999. He now has a fourth son Shamel. In 2000, Batistuta and his family moved to Rome, where he" ]

[ "he later underwent surgery to relieve the pressure on his cartilage and tendons, and his condition improved slightly, in a 2017 interview he stated that he still had difficulty walking and faced mobility issues as a result of the stresses and injuries he faced throughout his football career due to overexerting himself. He has however still been able to take part in charity football games, and in 2014 he scored twice – one a trademark finish with a powerful 35 yard strike into the roof of the net – in a game in Italy.Batistuta currently lives in Perth, Western Australia, Australia.\n\nClub career\nEarly career\nAs a child, Batistuta preferred other sports", "Vieri. Batistuta sought a move to England to play with Fulham, but the deal never transpired.\n\nAl-Arabi\nHe departed Italy for Qatar in 2003, joining Al-Arabi on a free transfer in a deal worth $8 million. Batistuta ended the season by netting 25 goals, thus surpassing the record for most goals scored, which was previously held by Qatari legend Mansour Muftah. Batistuta announced his retirement in 2005.\n\nInternational career\nIn 1991, Batistuta was selected to play for Argentina in the Copa América held in Chile, where he finished the tournament as top scorer with six goals as Argentina romped to victory. The following year, he won the FIFA", "On 28 December 1990, they were married at Saint Roque Church.\nThe couple moved to Florence, Italy, in 1991, and a year later their first son, Thiago, was born. Thanks to good performances in the Italian championship and with the Argentina national team, Batistuta gained fame and respect. He filmed several commercials and was invited onto numerous TV shows, but in spite of this, Batistuta always remained a low-profile family man. In 1997, Batistuta's second son, Lucas, was born, and a third son, Joaquín, followed in 1999. He now has a fourth son Shamel. In 2000, Batistuta and his family moved to Rome, where he", "with Al-Arabi before he retired in 2005.At international level, Batistuta was Argentina's all-time leading goalscorer with 56 goals in 78 official matches, a record he held until 21 June 2016, when he was surpassed by Lionel Messi. He participated in three FIFA World Cups, scoring 10 goals, making him Argentina's second top scorer in the competition after Messi, and the joint tenth-highest World Cup goalscorer of all time. Batistuta is the only player in football history to score two hat-tricks in different World Cups. With the Argentina national team he won two consecutive Copa América titles (1991 and 1993), the 1993 CONMEBOL–UEFA Cup of", "the FIFA 100 list of the world's greatest living players.After beginning his career in Argentina in 1988 with Newell's Old Boys, followed by River Plate and Boca Juniors where he won titles, the prolific striker played most of his club football with Serie A club Fiorentina in Italy; he is their all-time top scorer in Serie A with 151 goals. When Fiorentina was relegated to Serie B in 1993, Batistuta stayed with the club and helped them return to the top-flight league a year later. He became an icon in Florence; the Fiorentina fans erected a life-size bronze statue of him in 1996, in recognition of his", "Gabriel Omar Batistuta (Spanish pronunciation: [ɡaˈβɾjel oˈmaɾ βatisˈtuta]; born 1 February 1969) is an Argentine former professional footballer. During his playing career, Batistuta was nicknamed Batigol ([batiˈɣol]) as well as El Ángel Gabriel ([el ˌaŋxel ɣaˈβɾjel]; Spanish for Angel Gabriel). Regarded as one of the greatest strikers of his generation, noted in particular for powerful strikes from volleys or from distance while on the run, in 1999, Batistuta placed third for the FIFA World Player of the Year award. In 2004, he was named by Pelé in the FIFA 100 list of the world's greatest living players.After", "goals in as many games, including a hat-trick in their opening game against Greece.\nDuring the qualification matches for the 1998 World Cup (with former River Plate manager Daniel Passarella) Batistuta was left out of the majority of the games after falling out with the coach over team rules. The two eventually put the dispute aside and Batistuta was recalled for the tournament. In the game against Jamaica, he recorded the second hat-trick of his World Cup career, becoming the fourth player to achieve this (the others were Sándor Kocsis, Just Fontaine, and Gerd Müller) and the first to score a hat-trick in two World Cups. Argentina were", "romped to victory. The following year, he won the FIFA Confederations Cup with Argentina, finishing as the tournament's top-scorer. In 1993, Batistuta played in his second Copa América, this time held in Ecuador, which Argentina won with Batistuta scoring both goals in a 2–1 win over Mexico in the final.The 1994 World Cup, held in the United States, was a disappointment. After a promising start Argentina were beaten by Romania in the last 16. The morale of the team was seriously affected by Diego Maradona's doping suspension. Despite the disappointing Argentine exit, Batistuta scored four goals in as many games, including a hat-trick in their", "2000, Batistuta and his family moved to Rome, where he played for Roma. Two years after Shamel was born, Batistuta was loaned to Inter. In 2003, after 12 years in Italy, the family moved to Qatar where Batistuta had accepted a lucrative celebrity playing contract with a local team, Al-Arabi, ending his career there in 2005. He moved back to Argentina in 2007.Despite having completed his coaching badges in Argentina, he currently has no involvement with football, instead (primarily as he has difficulty walking) he prefers to play polo and golf, he was quoted saying 'I don't like football, it's only my job'. In later", "of men's footballers with 50 or more international goals\n\nNotes\nReferences\nFurther reading\nWilson, Jonathan (2016). Angels With Dirty Faces: The Footballing History of Argentina. Orion Publishing Group. ISBN 978-1-409-14443-4.\n\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website (in Italian, Spanish, and English)\nInternational statistics at rsssf\nGabriel Batistuta at National-Football-Teams.com\nMidfield Dynamo's 10 Heroes of the Copa América Batistuta listed in the top 10\nGabriel Batistuta – Photo profile\nFutbol Factory profile at the Wayback Machine (archived 20 October 2007) (in Spanish)" ]

[ "What countries did Gabriel Batistuta reside in?", "Italy and Argentina are some of the countries Gabriel Batistuta resided in.", "Did Gabriel Batistuta reside in any other countries?", "Gabriel Batistuta resided in Qatar at one point." ]

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[ "of death\" saw the team fall at the first hurdle, only managing a victory against Nigeria (Batistuta scored the match's only goal). They later fell to England 1–0 and managed a mere 1–1 tie against Sweden. This meant that the team was knocked out in the opening round for the first time since 1962. With 54 goals from 77 games, Batistuta was the record goalscorer for Argentina, a record he held until it was surpassed by Lionel Messi in 2016. Batistuta admitted he was a little annoyed at losing the record, stating, “You go around the world and people say, 'he's the top scorer for the Argentina" ]

[ "rest of the story was left somewhat vague. The events effectively ended his 1987 season, and in October he announced he would return to serious competition the following February, with the Dutch PDM team.With 35 shotgun pellets still in his body, including three in the lining of his heart and five more embedded in his liver, LeMond attempted to return to racing in 1988. His comeback was hampered by over-training which resulted in tendonitis in his right shin requiring surgery. LeMond missed the Tour for the second year running. Tensions in the relationship between LeMond and PDM were aggravated when LeMond discovered that doping was going on at the", "remix album, dubbed Reanimation, which would include works from Hybrid Theory and non-album tracks. Reanimation debuted on July 30, 2002, featuring the likes of Black Thought, Jonathan Davis, Aaron Lewis, and many others. Reanimation claimed the second spot on the Billboard 200, and sold nearly 270,000 copies during its debut week. Hybrid Theory is also in the RIAA's Top 100 Albums.\n\n2002–2004: Meteora\nFollowing the success of Hybrid Theory and Reanimation, Linkin Park spent a significant amount of time touring around the United States. The band members began to work on new material amidst their saturated schedule, spending a sliver of their free time in their tour", "on the cause of his frequent injuries and suspensions. He decided that the cause of these problems was his reckless challenges and angry outbursts which had increasingly blighted his career. As a result, he became more restrained on the field and tended to avoid the disputes and confrontations with other players. Some observers felt that the \"new\" Keane had become less influential in midfield as a consequence of the change in his style of play, possibly brought about by decreased mobility after his hip operation. After his return, however, Keane displayed the tenacity of old, leading the team to another league title in May 2003.\nThroughout the 2000s, Keane maintained a", "side of life. But the accident really brought it to the surface. Like now I know he really sees—and uses—every concert as the spiritual opportunity it is, to reach people... The accident made him recognize God, it changed him a lot. Sometimes he'd just drift off in conversation, he'd just...be some place else. He got really intense after the accident, his ESP got really strong.\nBefore the crash, Wonder had been scheduled to do a five-week, 20-city tour in March and April 1974. It was postponed, with the exception of one date in Madison Square Garden in late March. That concert began with Wonder pointing to", "he's actually either offering himself up, or that he's already crossed that line in his own mind.\"Yemeni journalist Abdulelah Hider Shaea interviewed al-Awlaki in November 2009. Al-Awlaki acknowledged his correspondence with Hasan. He said he \"neither ordered nor pressured ... Hasan to harm Americans.\" Al-Awlaki said Hasan first e-mailed him December 17, 2008, introducing himself by writing: \"Do you remember me? I used to pray with you at the Virginia mosque.\" Hasan said he had become a devout Muslim around the time al-Awlaki was preaching at Dar al-Hijrah, in 2001 and 2002, and al-Awlaki said 'Maybe Nidal was", "several months before reappearing in the pages of another Claremont-written series, Excalibur (vol. 3 2004). He continued to guest-star in the Incredible Hulk title during the events of World War Hulk (2007) and then returned to Uncanny X-Men (2008-2011) while simultaneously appearing in X-Force (vol. 3) (2008-2010), where the character regained his metallic wings and again assumed the codename Archangel, and subsequently in Uncanny X-Force (2010-2011), in which his mind and personality were wiped.\nAfter his personality was stripped, he appeared in a supporting role as one of the students at the Jean Grey School in Wolverine and the X-Men (2011–2013).", "of competitiveness. Said LeMond: \"Something had changed in cycling. The speeds were faster and riders that I had easily outperformed were now dropping me. At the time, the team I was on, Team Z, became more and more demanding, more and more concerned...\" He stated he had been told in 1994 that he would need to blood dope in order to win again. He frankly admitted to Abt in 1999: \"I figure I had three months that went right for me after the hunting accident,\" three months in which he won the two Tours and a world road race championship. \"The rest were just pure suffering, struggling,", "and feud with nWo (1996–1998)\nIn 1996, Rogers joined the Dungeon of Doom, and feuded with former Dungeon of Doom member John Tenta, along with newcomer Glacier. By the end of the year, he had turned on the Dungeon of Doom and joined the nWo. His stay in the nWo was brief, with Traylor knocked out by an unknown assailant at the start of the February 17, 1997, edition of Nitro, with Traylor later explaining Eric Bischoff fired him from the nWo while he was temporarily paralyzed. Traylor returned on September 1, now using his real name and vowing to rip Bischoff's head off, feuding", "he announced the title of his fifth studio album, then entitled Stoicville: The Phoenix stating, \"To me, a Phoenix represents new beginnings. A new era, a new life, I'm rising from the ashes.\" Prior to releasing his fifth studio album, he released T-Pain Presents Happy Hour, a greatest hits compilation. Its first single, \"Up Down (Do This All Day)\", produced by DJ Mustard and featuring B.o.B, was officially released on August 13, 2013. The song peaked at number 62 on the Billboard Hot 100. The second single \"Drankin Patna\" was released a year later on July 21, 2014. On November 7, 2014, T-Pain", "The first single from this album (\"You Knew It All Along\") was released on 19 August 2011.\nWhile promoting his album in September 2011, Carrigan said of the Thrills: \"We’re just on a hiatus. We haven’t done anything since 2008, when we toured Australia. We never split up, but we're all working on other projects. In time, I'm sure we'll get back together. It just got a bit crazy for a while because we were away from home, so we needed to take a break.\" During an interview with Hot Press in late October 2011 Carrigan stated: \"It's like a past life now, the whole" ]

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[ "similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as Ajayan), and those with similar mannerisms and style (e.g. Bheeman Raghu).However, all these attempts to replace Jayan with a new star with a similar image yielded disappointing results. It is now one of the most popular quotes in Malayalam cinema \"Jayan's throne remains vacant and will forever be so\".\n\nResurgence in the 2000s\nIn the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again. It was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations" ]

[ "similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as Ajayan), and those with similar mannerisms and style (e.g. Bheeman Raghu).However, all these attempts to replace Jayan with a new star with a similar image yielded disappointing results. It is now one of the most popular quotes in Malayalam cinema \"Jayan's throne remains vacant and will forever be so\".\n\nResurgence in the 2000s\nIn the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again. It was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations", "reply to criticisms, and considering the short period of his active film career, he may have delivered more critically appreciated performances than most of his contemporaries. But these were always under the shadow of a large majority of films that were able to achieve commercial success capitalising on his drawing power, but had weak plots and less critical acclaim. Some believe that if he'd had a longer career, he would have eventually transformed into a great character actor over time who could excel in commercial and parallel streams alike, after a period of decline in Malayalam films that followed Sathyan's demise. His most popular films like Sharapancjaram and Angadi were", "Malayalam cinema and has been acclaimed as the first and most successful action hero of Malayalam cinema. Jayan is widely regarded as one of the most influential superstars in the history of Malayalam cinema.\nHis superhero image had transformed him into a popular culture icon among Malayalis around the world, with widespread impersonations on stage and television programs based on his screen persona. It was accompanied by a cartoon, email and SMS phenomenon in the early 2000s, portraying him as a comic superhero with unique quotes of superhuman strength attributed to the action star becoming widespread. These movements were fuelled by a renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo" ]

[ "When did Jayan's resurgence start?", "In the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again." ]

[ "by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events, television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength known as Jayan quotes. However, it has been pointed out that many grotesquely imitated screen dialogues of Jayan are not actually his, but that of dubbing artist Aleppy Ashraf, who dubbed for many of his characters post his death.\nThe \"comeback\" of Jayan and his renewed popularity lately may be taken as an affirmation that Jayan has not been replaced even nearly three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered", "feats, Jayan had attained a real-life Superhero image amongst the fans, masses and colleagues alike. His colourful attire and unique bass voice also helped him capture the imagination of the average viewer as the manly action hero. Along with these, his trademark styles and mannerisms made him a campus hero and youth idol of his time. Summing up, Jayan's image among the masses was that of a daring superhuman who would perform seemingly impossible deeds and accomplish extraordinary feats.\nJayan is the most commercially successful superstar to date in the Malayalam industry with a near 90% success rate. The years 1979, 1980 and 1981 became known as \"Jayan years\"", "three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered as the first and best action star of Malayalam cinema, so far, besides his trademark colourful attire, risky stunts, machismo mannerisms and unique speaking style. He has rightly won immortality in the hearts of the Malayalam film fans as a martyr in his yearning to thrill and entertain them even by putting his life at stake. Madhu, a famous actor prominent in the 1960s, once stated in an interview: \"Jayan will forever be young and alive. No one can ever visualise him as an old man.\"\nA film titled Avatharam presently under production, is attempting to bring back his", "popularity among the masses. In films such as Aavesham and Manushya Mrugam he played double roles. During his career, he received only a few critically appreciated roles perhaps partly due to his commercial hero image and partly due to the lack of films that garnered critical appreciation at the time. The focus was always on his unmatched drawing power as an action star and by 1980, at the peak of his career, he had attained a genuine superhero image. Movies exploited Jayan's masculine physique and he appeared bare-chested in numerous scenes. His on-screen attire (most famously his Elvis bellbottoms), his masculine image and later the nature", "also acted with other popular actors of the time, such as Soman, Sukumaran and Madhu in many films. In early films before 1979 (e.g. Thacholi Ambu and Panchami), he had negative or supporting roles. But later films in the beginning of 1980 relied heavily on Jayan's drawing power as an action hero and placed him as the central character. In 1980, the duo Jayan and Prem Nazir were cast in Ariyapedatha Rahasiyam by P. Venu, that showcased the most famous fight scene in Malayalam cinema. Prem Nazir agreed to play a supporting role in Naayattu, which was very unlikely for a superstar of", "years 1979, 1980 and 1981 became known as \"Jayan years\" in the industry due to the widespread release and success of his movies. His films Sharapancharam and Angadi, released in 1979 and 1980 respectively, were record breakers and became the highest grossers of their respective years. His final film, Kolilakkam was the highest grosser in 1981. The noteworthy point is that a large percentage of films released during his peak years lacked a strong plot and were mostly cheap low budget remakes of successful movies from other language sectors of Indian cinema. Many of these films came out astoundingly successful due to his sheer presence and some avoided failures", "renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo image. These were claimed to honour his memories, but were also criticised for parodying the legendary actor years after his death.\n\nEarly life\nJayan was born in Quilon, Travancore as the first child of his father Thevalli Kottaram Veetil Madhavan Pillai and mother Bharathiyamma. His birth name was Krishnan Nair. He had a younger brother named Soman Nair. Malayalam actress Jayabharathi, who was his first cousin introduced him to the film industry. Jayan's formal education ended at the 10th grade at Kollam Govt. Boys High School when he joined the Indian Navy.He was" ]

[ "by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events, television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength known as Jayan quotes. However, it has been pointed out that many grotesquely imitated screen dialogues of Jayan are not actually his, but that of dubbing artist Aleppy Ashraf, who dubbed for many of his characters post his death.\nThe \"comeback\" of Jayan and his renewed popularity lately may be taken as an affirmation that Jayan has not been replaced even nearly three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered" ]

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[ "When did Jayan's resurgence start?", "In the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again.", "What caused Jayan's resurgence?", "Jayan's resurgence was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events." ]

[ "by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events, television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength known as Jayan quotes. However, it has been pointed out that many grotesquely imitated screen dialogues of Jayan are not actually his, but that of dubbing artist Aleppy Ashraf, who dubbed for many of his characters post his death.\nThe \"comeback\" of Jayan and his renewed popularity lately may be taken as an affirmation that Jayan has not been replaced even nearly three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered", "similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as Ajayan), and those with similar mannerisms and style (e.g. Bheeman Raghu).However, all these attempts to replace Jayan with a new star with a similar image yielded disappointing results. It is now one of the most popular quotes in Malayalam cinema \"Jayan's throne remains vacant and will forever be so\".\n\nResurgence in the 2000s\nIn the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again. It was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations", "were added to numerous films that showed random gestures or shots of him walking by the side during fight scenes. Attempts were made to bring in impostors who tried to imitate his style and mannerisms, enabling several artists from the field of mimicry to show up on the big screen. But these experiments failed miserably, and proved especially ineffective in fight and stunt scenes. Then, directors and producers started a search for new actors to replace him. This movement led to debuts of actors who resembled Jayan in physical appearance (e.g. Ratheesh), those with stage names sounding similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as", "Malayalam cinema and has been acclaimed as the first and most successful action hero of Malayalam cinema. Jayan is widely regarded as one of the most influential superstars in the history of Malayalam cinema.\nHis superhero image had transformed him into a popular culture icon among Malayalis around the world, with widespread impersonations on stage and television programs based on his screen persona. It was accompanied by a cartoon, email and SMS phenomenon in the early 2000s, portraying him as a comic superhero with unique quotes of superhuman strength attributed to the action star becoming widespread. These movements were fuelled by a renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo", "feats, Jayan had attained a real-life Superhero image amongst the fans, masses and colleagues alike. His colourful attire and unique bass voice also helped him capture the imagination of the average viewer as the manly action hero. Along with these, his trademark styles and mannerisms made him a campus hero and youth idol of his time. Summing up, Jayan's image among the masses was that of a daring superhuman who would perform seemingly impossible deeds and accomplish extraordinary feats.\nJayan is the most commercially successful superstar to date in the Malayalam industry with a near 90% success rate. The years 1979, 1980 and 1981 became known as \"Jayan years\"", "reply to criticisms, and considering the short period of his active film career, he may have delivered more critically appreciated performances than most of his contemporaries. But these were always under the shadow of a large majority of films that were able to achieve commercial success capitalising on his drawing power, but had weak plots and less critical acclaim. Some believe that if he'd had a longer career, he would have eventually transformed into a great character actor over time who could excel in commercial and parallel streams alike, after a period of decline in Malayalam films that followed Sathyan's demise. His most popular films like Sharapancjaram and Angadi were", "the lead is in the works, using advanced animation and graphics technologies. The movie, titled Avatharam (Incarnation), was announced to be directed by Vijeesh Mani and scripted by T. A. Shahid. The project is inspired by the star's posthumous popularity as an action legend. It was announced that the actor would be brought back to the big screen by twelve top technicians from Hollywood.\n\nFilmography\nSee also\nJayan quotes\n\nReferences\nExternal links\nJayan at IMDb\nProfile of Malayalam Actor Jayan\n\nFurther reading\nOfficial website\nhttp://www.malayalachalachithram.com/profiles.php?i=48\nJayan Nostalgia homepage at Manorama Online portal\nImage gallery\nJayan Anniversary Special at Mathrubhumi portal\n\"Jayan: Love You All\" – an article in", "scene with an elephant.\n\nInfluence on Malayalam cinema\nThe meteoric rise of Jayan had literally a texture changing impact on the Malayalam film industry. It changed forever the hero concept that existed previously for many years and gave rise to a new genre of film characters with more manly characteristics. The National Film Archive of India, in a tweet writes: \"Jayan, an action star of the 70s is remembered for his heroic style & ability to perform daredevil stunts.\"\n\nMemorable roles\nMost critics often consider Jayan's main hero role in Sharapancharam, Angadi, Venalil Oru Mazha and Puthiya Velicham to be his best. His most popular character may be", "popularity among the masses. In films such as Aavesham and Manushya Mrugam he played double roles. During his career, he received only a few critically appreciated roles perhaps partly due to his commercial hero image and partly due to the lack of films that garnered critical appreciation at the time. The focus was always on his unmatched drawing power as an action star and by 1980, at the peak of his career, he had attained a genuine superhero image. Movies exploited Jayan's masculine physique and he appeared bare-chested in numerous scenes. His on-screen attire (most famously his Elvis bellbottoms), his masculine image and later the nature", "three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered as the first and best action star of Malayalam cinema, so far, besides his trademark colourful attire, risky stunts, machismo mannerisms and unique speaking style. He has rightly won immortality in the hearts of the Malayalam film fans as a martyr in his yearning to thrill and entertain them even by putting his life at stake. Madhu, a famous actor prominent in the 1960s, once stated in an interview: \"Jayan will forever be young and alive. No one can ever visualise him as an old man.\"\nA film titled Avatharam presently under production, is attempting to bring back his" ]

[ "by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events, television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength known as Jayan quotes. However, it has been pointed out that many grotesquely imitated screen dialogues of Jayan are not actually his, but that of dubbing artist Aleppy Ashraf, who dubbed for many of his characters post his death.\nThe \"comeback\" of Jayan and his renewed popularity lately may be taken as an affirmation that Jayan has not been replaced even nearly three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered" ]

[ "by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events, television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength known as Jayan quotes. However, it has been pointed out that many grotesquely imitated screen dialogues of Jayan are not actually his, but that of dubbing artist Aleppy Ashraf, who dubbed for many of his characters post his death.\nThe \"comeback\" of Jayan and his renewed popularity lately may be taken as an affirmation that Jayan has not been replaced even nearly three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered", "similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as Ajayan), and those with similar mannerisms and style (e.g. Bheeman Raghu).However, all these attempts to replace Jayan with a new star with a similar image yielded disappointing results. It is now one of the most popular quotes in Malayalam cinema \"Jayan's throne remains vacant and will forever be so\".\n\nResurgence in the 2000s\nIn the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again. It was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations", "Malayalam cinema and has been acclaimed as the first and most successful action hero of Malayalam cinema. Jayan is widely regarded as one of the most influential superstars in the history of Malayalam cinema.\nHis superhero image had transformed him into a popular culture icon among Malayalis around the world, with widespread impersonations on stage and television programs based on his screen persona. It was accompanied by a cartoon, email and SMS phenomenon in the early 2000s, portraying him as a comic superhero with unique quotes of superhuman strength attributed to the action star becoming widespread. These movements were fuelled by a renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo", "were added to numerous films that showed random gestures or shots of him walking by the side during fight scenes. Attempts were made to bring in impostors who tried to imitate his style and mannerisms, enabling several artists from the field of mimicry to show up on the big screen. But these experiments failed miserably, and proved especially ineffective in fight and stunt scenes. Then, directors and producers started a search for new actors to replace him. This movement led to debuts of actors who resembled Jayan in physical appearance (e.g. Ratheesh), those with stage names sounding similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as", "feats, Jayan had attained a real-life Superhero image amongst the fans, masses and colleagues alike. His colourful attire and unique bass voice also helped him capture the imagination of the average viewer as the manly action hero. Along with these, his trademark styles and mannerisms made him a campus hero and youth idol of his time. Summing up, Jayan's image among the masses was that of a daring superhuman who would perform seemingly impossible deeds and accomplish extraordinary feats.\nJayan is the most commercially successful superstar to date in the Malayalam industry with a near 90% success rate. The years 1979, 1980 and 1981 became known as \"Jayan years\"", "the lead is in the works, using advanced animation and graphics technologies. The movie, titled Avatharam (Incarnation), was announced to be directed by Vijeesh Mani and scripted by T. A. Shahid. The project is inspired by the star's posthumous popularity as an action legend. It was announced that the actor would be brought back to the big screen by twelve top technicians from Hollywood.\n\nFilmography\nSee also\nJayan quotes\n\nReferences\nExternal links\nJayan at IMDb\nProfile of Malayalam Actor Jayan\n\nFurther reading\nOfficial website\nhttp://www.malayalachalachithram.com/profiles.php?i=48\nJayan Nostalgia homepage at Manorama Online portal\nImage gallery\nJayan Anniversary Special at Mathrubhumi portal\n\"Jayan: Love You All\" – an article in", "reply to criticisms, and considering the short period of his active film career, he may have delivered more critically appreciated performances than most of his contemporaries. But these were always under the shadow of a large majority of films that were able to achieve commercial success capitalising on his drawing power, but had weak plots and less critical acclaim. Some believe that if he'd had a longer career, he would have eventually transformed into a great character actor over time who could excel in commercial and parallel streams alike, after a period of decline in Malayalam films that followed Sathyan's demise. His most popular films like Sharapancjaram and Angadi were", "scene with an elephant.\n\nInfluence on Malayalam cinema\nThe meteoric rise of Jayan had literally a texture changing impact on the Malayalam film industry. It changed forever the hero concept that existed previously for many years and gave rise to a new genre of film characters with more manly characteristics. The National Film Archive of India, in a tweet writes: \"Jayan, an action star of the 70s is remembered for his heroic style & ability to perform daredevil stunts.\"\n\nMemorable roles\nMost critics often consider Jayan's main hero role in Sharapancharam, Angadi, Venalil Oru Mazha and Puthiya Velicham to be his best. His most popular character may be", "successful due to his sheer presence and some avoided failures due to his small cameo appearances. Thousands of fans used to visit theatres repeatedly just to see his fascinating stunts and fight scenes.\n\nDaredevilry\nJayan was a high-risk taker and throughout his career, he was popular for stellar performances in a fight and stunt sequences. Dangerous and thrilling stunts were often featured in action films with Jayan in the lead. These were usually highlighted during fight scenes as added promotions to his machismo image and daredevilry. Numerous movies in which he has acted have one or more notable stunt performances.\nA few prominent examples may be Puthiya Velicham (\"New Light\",", "three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered as the first and best action star of Malayalam cinema, so far, besides his trademark colourful attire, risky stunts, machismo mannerisms and unique speaking style. He has rightly won immortality in the hearts of the Malayalam film fans as a martyr in his yearning to thrill and entertain them even by putting his life at stake. Madhu, a famous actor prominent in the 1960s, once stated in an interview: \"Jayan will forever be young and alive. No one can ever visualise him as an old man.\"\nA film titled Avatharam presently under production, is attempting to bring back his" ]

[ "When did Jayan's resurgence start?", "In the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again.", "What caused Jayan's resurgence?", "Jayan's resurgence was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events.", "Are there any particular mimicry stage artists named?", "Television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength became known as Jayan quotes." ]

[]

[ "by the actor's nephew Kannan Nair, and aims at uniting his diverse fan base consisting of young and old people from several generations under a single platform. Activities include organising anniversary functions and memorial programs, facilitating his coworkers, maintaining the actor's website and official profiles and charity work.\n\nMonuments\nIn 2009, an 8 ft high statue of the actor was erected in front of his house at Olayil, Kollam which is now a nursing home. Efforts are being made to construct a permanent memorial at Mulankadakam where he was cremated, and also to open a library and museum near his home.\nJayan memorial club and a Jayan memorial National highway" ]

[ "by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events, television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength known as Jayan quotes. However, it has been pointed out that many grotesquely imitated screen dialogues of Jayan are not actually his, but that of dubbing artist Aleppy Ashraf, who dubbed for many of his characters post his death.\nThe \"comeback\" of Jayan and his renewed popularity lately may be taken as an affirmation that Jayan has not been replaced even nearly three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered", "similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as Ajayan), and those with similar mannerisms and style (e.g. Bheeman Raghu).However, all these attempts to replace Jayan with a new star with a similar image yielded disappointing results. It is now one of the most popular quotes in Malayalam cinema \"Jayan's throne remains vacant and will forever be so\".\n\nResurgence in the 2000s\nIn the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again. It was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations", "Malayalam cinema and has been acclaimed as the first and most successful action hero of Malayalam cinema. Jayan is widely regarded as one of the most influential superstars in the history of Malayalam cinema.\nHis superhero image had transformed him into a popular culture icon among Malayalis around the world, with widespread impersonations on stage and television programs based on his screen persona. It was accompanied by a cartoon, email and SMS phenomenon in the early 2000s, portraying him as a comic superhero with unique quotes of superhuman strength attributed to the action star becoming widespread. These movements were fuelled by a renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo", "three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered as the first and best action star of Malayalam cinema, so far, besides his trademark colourful attire, risky stunts, machismo mannerisms and unique speaking style. He has rightly won immortality in the hearts of the Malayalam film fans as a martyr in his yearning to thrill and entertain them even by putting his life at stake. Madhu, a famous actor prominent in the 1960s, once stated in an interview: \"Jayan will forever be young and alive. No one can ever visualise him as an old man.\"\nA film titled Avatharam presently under production, is attempting to bring back his", "were added to numerous films that showed random gestures or shots of him walking by the side during fight scenes. Attempts were made to bring in impostors who tried to imitate his style and mannerisms, enabling several artists from the field of mimicry to show up on the big screen. But these experiments failed miserably, and proved especially ineffective in fight and stunt scenes. Then, directors and producers started a search for new actors to replace him. This movement led to debuts of actors who resembled Jayan in physical appearance (e.g. Ratheesh), those with stage names sounding similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as", "the lead is in the works, using advanced animation and graphics technologies. The movie, titled Avatharam (Incarnation), was announced to be directed by Vijeesh Mani and scripted by T. A. Shahid. The project is inspired by the star's posthumous popularity as an action legend. It was announced that the actor would be brought back to the big screen by twelve top technicians from Hollywood.\n\nFilmography\nSee also\nJayan quotes\n\nReferences\nExternal links\nJayan at IMDb\nProfile of Malayalam Actor Jayan\n\nFurther reading\nOfficial website\nhttp://www.malayalachalachithram.com/profiles.php?i=48\nJayan Nostalgia homepage at Manorama Online portal\nImage gallery\nJayan Anniversary Special at Mathrubhumi portal\n\"Jayan: Love You All\" – an article in", "feats, Jayan had attained a real-life Superhero image amongst the fans, masses and colleagues alike. His colourful attire and unique bass voice also helped him capture the imagination of the average viewer as the manly action hero. Along with these, his trademark styles and mannerisms made him a campus hero and youth idol of his time. Summing up, Jayan's image among the masses was that of a daring superhuman who would perform seemingly impossible deeds and accomplish extraordinary feats.\nJayan is the most commercially successful superstar to date in the Malayalam industry with a near 90% success rate. The years 1979, 1980 and 1981 became known as \"Jayan years\"", "renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo image. These were claimed to honour his memories, but were also criticised for parodying the legendary actor years after his death.\n\nEarly life\nJayan was born in Quilon, Travancore as the first child of his father Thevalli Kottaram Veetil Madhavan Pillai and mother Bharathiyamma. His birth name was Krishnan Nair. He had a younger brother named Soman Nair. Malayalam actress Jayabharathi, who was his first cousin introduced him to the film industry. Jayan's formal education ended at the 10th grade at Kollam Govt. Boys High School when he joined the Indian Navy.He was", "scene with an elephant.\n\nInfluence on Malayalam cinema\nThe meteoric rise of Jayan had literally a texture changing impact on the Malayalam film industry. It changed forever the hero concept that existed previously for many years and gave rise to a new genre of film characters with more manly characteristics. The National Film Archive of India, in a tweet writes: \"Jayan, an action star of the 70s is remembered for his heroic style & ability to perform daredevil stunts.\"\n\nMemorable roles\nMost critics often consider Jayan's main hero role in Sharapancharam, Angadi, Venalil Oru Mazha and Puthiya Velicham to be his best. His most popular character may be", "his Elvis bellbottoms), his masculine image and later the nature of his death transformed him into a legendary pop culture icon in Kerala. Jayan was also known for his unique method of dialogue delivery and he has contributed many memorable lines to the Malayalam film history.\n\nMultistar films\nJayan acted in several ensemble cast movies, mostly with Prem Nazir. The duo acted in films such as Naayattu, Love in Singapore, Chandrahasam, Thacholi Ambu, Kannappanunni, Paalattu Kunjikkannan, Maamaankam, Prabhu etc. all of which were top-grossing movies at the box office. He also acted with other popular actors of the time, such as" ]

[ "When did Jayan's resurgence start?", "In the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again.", "What caused Jayan's resurgence?", "Jayan's resurgence was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events.", "Are there any particular mimicry stage artists named?", "Television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength became known as Jayan quotes.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article, besides Jayan's resurgence and mimicry stage shows?", "In 2009, an 8 ft high statue of Jayan was erected in front of his house at Olayil, Kollam which is now a nursing home." ]

[]

[ "Madhavan Nair, commonly known by his stage name Madhu, is an Indian actor, director, producer, former college lecturer and former film studio owner, who works in Malayalam cinema and a certain number of Hindi and Tamil films. He was a prominent lead actor during the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s and has acted in more than 400 films. Madhu has also directed 12 films, produced 15 films and at one time owned the Uma Film Studio. He was awarded the Padma Shri by the Government of India in 2013 for his contributions towards the arts. He was honored with the J. C. Daniel Award by the Government of Kerala in 2004, for" ]

[ "by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events, television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength known as Jayan quotes. However, it has been pointed out that many grotesquely imitated screen dialogues of Jayan are not actually his, but that of dubbing artist Aleppy Ashraf, who dubbed for many of his characters post his death.\nThe \"comeback\" of Jayan and his renewed popularity lately may be taken as an affirmation that Jayan has not been replaced even nearly three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered" ]

[ "When did Jayan's resurgence start?", "In the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again.", "What caused Jayan's resurgence?", "Jayan's resurgence was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists, whose imitations of the star's mannerisms caught on and soon became commonplace in college stage events.", "Are there any particular mimicry stage artists named?", "Television programs and mimicry stage shows along with quotes of superhuman strength became known as Jayan quotes.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article, besides Jayan's resurgence and mimicry stage shows?", "In 2009, an 8 ft high statue of Jayan was erected in front of his house at Olayil, Kollam which is now a nursing home.", "Who was Madhu?", "Madhavan Nair, commonly known by his stage name Madhu, is an Indian film actor, director, producer, and playback singer, who works in Malayalam cinema." ]

[ "three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered as the first and best action star of Malayalam cinema, so far, besides his trademark colourful attire, risky stunts, machismo mannerisms and unique speaking style. He has rightly won immortality in the hearts of the Malayalam film fans as a martyr in his yearning to thrill and entertain them even by putting his life at stake. Madhu, a famous actor prominent in the 1960s, once stated in an interview: \"Jayan will forever be young and alive. No one can ever visualise him as an old man.\"\nA film titled Avatharam presently under production, is attempting to bring back his", "renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo image. These were claimed to honour his memories, but were also criticised for parodying the legendary actor years after his death.\n\nEarly life\nJayan was born in Quilon, Travancore as the first child of his father Thevalli Kottaram Veetil Madhavan Pillai and mother Bharathiyamma. His birth name was Krishnan Nair. He had a younger brother named Soman Nair. Malayalam actress Jayabharathi, who was his first cousin introduced him to the film industry. Jayan's formal education ended at the 10th grade at Kollam Govt. Boys High School when he joined the Indian Navy.He was", "similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as Ajayan), and those with similar mannerisms and style (e.g. Bheeman Raghu).However, all these attempts to replace Jayan with a new star with a similar image yielded disappointing results. It is now one of the most popular quotes in Malayalam cinema \"Jayan's throne remains vacant and will forever be so\".\n\nResurgence in the 2000s\nIn the late 1990s and early 21st century, there was a resurgence of Jayan's screen persona in Kerala and his old movie scenes came to prominence again. It was owed mostly to programs by popular mimicry stage artists in the State, whose imitations", "Madhavan Nair, commonly known by his stage name Madhu, is an Indian actor, director, producer, former college lecturer and former film studio owner, who works in Malayalam cinema and a certain number of Hindi and Tamil films. He was a prominent lead actor during the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s and has acted in more than 400 films. Madhu has also directed 12 films, produced 15 films and at one time owned the Uma Film Studio. He was awarded the Padma Shri by the Government of India in 2013 for his contributions towards the arts. He was honored with the J. C. Daniel Award by the Government of Kerala in 2004, for", "were added to numerous films that showed random gestures or shots of him walking by the side during fight scenes. Attempts were made to bring in impostors who tried to imitate his style and mannerisms, enabling several artists from the field of mimicry to show up on the big screen. But these experiments failed miserably, and proved especially ineffective in fight and stunt scenes. Then, directors and producers started a search for new actors to replace him. This movement led to debuts of actors who resembled Jayan in physical appearance (e.g. Ratheesh), those with stage names sounding similar to his (for example, his own brother who appeared as", "Malayalam cinema and has been acclaimed as the first and most successful action hero of Malayalam cinema. Jayan is widely regarded as one of the most influential superstars in the history of Malayalam cinema.\nHis superhero image had transformed him into a popular culture icon among Malayalis around the world, with widespread impersonations on stage and television programs based on his screen persona. It was accompanied by a cartoon, email and SMS phenomenon in the early 2000s, portraying him as a comic superhero with unique quotes of superhuman strength attributed to the action star becoming widespread. These movements were fuelled by a renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo", "the lead is in the works, using advanced animation and graphics technologies. The movie, titled Avatharam (Incarnation), was announced to be directed by Vijeesh Mani and scripted by T. A. Shahid. The project is inspired by the star's posthumous popularity as an action legend. It was announced that the actor would be brought back to the big screen by twelve top technicians from Hollywood.\n\nFilmography\nSee also\nJayan quotes\n\nReferences\nExternal links\nJayan at IMDb\nProfile of Malayalam Actor Jayan\n\nFurther reading\nOfficial website\nhttp://www.malayalachalachithram.com/profiles.php?i=48\nJayan Nostalgia homepage at Manorama Online portal\nImage gallery\nJayan Anniversary Special at Mathrubhumi portal\n\"Jayan: Love You All\" – an article in", "feats, Jayan had attained a real-life Superhero image amongst the fans, masses and colleagues alike. His colourful attire and unique bass voice also helped him capture the imagination of the average viewer as the manly action hero. Along with these, his trademark styles and mannerisms made him a campus hero and youth idol of his time. Summing up, Jayan's image among the masses was that of a daring superhuman who would perform seemingly impossible deeds and accomplish extraordinary feats.\nJayan is the most commercially successful superstar to date in the Malayalam industry with a near 90% success rate. The years 1979, 1980 and 1981 became known as \"Jayan years\"", "also acted with other popular actors of the time, such as Soman, Sukumaran and Madhu in many films. In early films before 1979 (e.g. Thacholi Ambu and Panchami), he had negative or supporting roles. But later films in the beginning of 1980 relied heavily on Jayan's drawing power as an action hero and placed him as the central character. In 1980, the duo Jayan and Prem Nazir were cast in Ariyapedatha Rahasiyam by P. Venu, that showcased the most famous fight scene in Malayalam cinema. Prem Nazir agreed to play a supporting role in Naayattu, which was very unlikely for a superstar of" ]

[ "three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered as the first and best action star of Malayalam cinema, so far, besides his trademark colourful attire, risky stunts, machismo mannerisms and unique speaking style. He has rightly won immortality in the hearts of the Malayalam film fans as a martyr in his yearning to thrill and entertain them even by putting his life at stake. Madhu, a famous actor prominent in the 1960s, once stated in an interview: \"Jayan will forever be young and alive. No one can ever visualise him as an old man.\"\nA film titled Avatharam presently under production, is attempting to bring back his" ]

[ "in Naayattu, which was very unlikely for a superstar of those times. He had agreed to do this as a token of friendship with Jayan and the director Sreekumaran Thambi. The duo acted together many action films such as Irumbazhikal, Love in Singapore etc. where the box office draw was huge.\n\nDeath\nIn the peak of his career, on 16 November 1980, Jayan died in an accident on the set of the movie Kolilakkam (transl. Shockwave) at the age of 41. The climactic scene of the movie was being filmed in Sholavaram, near Madras, Tamil Nadu. Jayan always performed his own stunts, and for", "death was confirmed, a slide was added during the theatre show of his movie Deepam, which was running in packed houses, informing viewers of his death. A large number of his fans burst into tears and ran out of the buildings, while many continued to watch the movie, refusing to believe it and taking it for an ingenious promotion for some upcoming project.Jayan's body was taken to Trivandrum via aeroplane and later it was taken to his home in Quilon, where he was cremated. Thousands paid homage to the actor, and the police had to take huge measures to deal with the crowds. His mother Bharathiyamma became bedridden", "his home.\nJayan memorial club and a Jayan memorial National highway waiting shed consisting of all Jayan film names and pics built by fans in Thrissur.\nJayan's Wax statue is unveiled at the Sunil Wax Museum in the state capital of Thiruvananthapuram in 2022.\n\nIn media\nMedia on Jayan\nA book titled Jayan Americayil? (Jayan in America?) came out in 1981 and had record sales at the time. It circulated the rumour that Jayan was alive in America with an injured eye and that it was a look-alike who was killed in the accident.\nAnother book Jayante Maranam Kolapathakamo (Jayan's death, a murder) was also", "deal with the crowds. His mother Bharathiyamma became bedridden after this incident, and she too died two years later. Soman Nair, his younger brother, died in 1999.\nSome conspiracy theories emerged regarding the circumstances of his death, primarily because the pilot and his co-star Balan K. Nair, who was in the helicopter, survived with minor or no injuries. Nevertheless, it has been confirmed as a genuine accident.\n\nAftermath\nAfter Jayan's death, several films were released claiming to be his last film, including the genuine one, Kolilakkam. In all these films, Jayan's voice was dubbed by Alleppey Ashraf, a popular impressionist of the time. Many" ]

[ "Where did Jayan die?", "Jayan died in Sholavaram, near Madras, Tamil Nadu.", "How did Jayan die?", "On 16 November 1980, Jayan was killed in an accident involving a helicopter on the set of the movie Kolilakkam." ]

[ "Tamil Nadu. Jayan always performed his own stunts, and for this movie he was performing a rather dangerous stunt that involved him boarding an airborne helicopter from a moving motorbike driven by Sukumaran. The shot was accepted by the director in the first take; Nonetheless, another three shots were filmed.\nAccording to the film's production executive, Jayan insisted on yet another re-take as he was not satisfied with its perfection. During the re-take, the helicopter lost its balance and crashed along with Jayan who was hanging onto the landing skids, and he later succumbed to his injuries.\nAfter his death was confirmed, a slide was added during the theatre show", "three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered as the first and best action star of Malayalam cinema, so far, besides his trademark colourful attire, risky stunts, machismo mannerisms and unique speaking style. He has rightly won immortality in the hearts of the Malayalam film fans as a martyr in his yearning to thrill and entertain them even by putting his life at stake. Madhu, a famous actor prominent in the 1960s, once stated in an interview: \"Jayan will forever be young and alive. No one can ever visualise him as an old man.\"\nA film titled Avatharam presently under production, is attempting to bring back his", "in Cochin for a few years till his acting career began to succeed. Jayan's younger brother Soman Nair (Ajayan) also acted in 20+ films after Jayan's death. But he was not successful in films like Jayan. Ajayan died in the year 2000 at the age of 56. Ajayan has 3 children and his younger son Adithyan Jayan is a famous TV serial actor in Malayalam.\n\nCareer\nRandom appearances and early career\nJayan did make a few random uncredited appearances in some films during the early 1970s. According to his nephew, he had the role of a vampire-like character in an unnamed project costarred by Vidhubala, which was never", "years 1979, 1980 and 1981 became known as \"Jayan years\" in the industry due to the widespread release and success of his movies. His films Sharapancharam and Angadi, released in 1979 and 1980 respectively, were record breakers and became the highest grossers of their respective years. His final film, Kolilakkam was the highest grosser in 1981. The noteworthy point is that a large percentage of films released during his peak years lacked a strong plot and were mostly cheap low budget remakes of successful movies from other language sectors of Indian cinema. Many of these films came out astoundingly successful due to his sheer presence and some avoided failures", "renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo image. These were claimed to honour his memories, but were also criticised for parodying the legendary actor years after his death.\n\nEarly life\nJayan was born in Quilon, Travancore as the first child of his father Thevalli Kottaram Veetil Madhavan Pillai and mother Bharathiyamma. His birth name was Krishnan Nair. He had a younger brother named Soman Nair. Malayalam actress Jayabharathi, who was his first cousin introduced him to the film industry. Jayan's formal education ended at the 10th grade at Kollam Govt. Boys High School when he joined the Indian Navy.He was", "his Elvis bellbottoms), his masculine image and later the nature of his death transformed him into a legendary pop culture icon in Kerala. Jayan was also known for his unique method of dialogue delivery and he has contributed many memorable lines to the Malayalam film history.\n\nMultistar films\nJayan acted in several ensemble cast movies, mostly with Prem Nazir. The duo acted in films such as Naayattu, Love in Singapore, Chandrahasam, Thacholi Ambu, Kannappanunni, Paalattu Kunjikkannan, Maamaankam, Prabhu etc. all of which were top-grossing movies at the box office. He also acted with other popular actors of the time, such as" ]

[ "Tamil Nadu. Jayan always performed his own stunts, and for this movie he was performing a rather dangerous stunt that involved him boarding an airborne helicopter from a moving motorbike driven by Sukumaran. The shot was accepted by the director in the first take; Nonetheless, another three shots were filmed.\nAccording to the film's production executive, Jayan insisted on yet another re-take as he was not satisfied with its perfection. During the re-take, the helicopter lost its balance and crashed along with Jayan who was hanging onto the landing skids, and he later succumbed to his injuries.\nAfter his death was confirmed, a slide was added during the theatre show" ]

[ "in Naayattu, which was very unlikely for a superstar of those times. He had agreed to do this as a token of friendship with Jayan and the director Sreekumaran Thambi. The duo acted together many action films such as Irumbazhikal, Love in Singapore etc. where the box office draw was huge.\n\nDeath\nIn the peak of his career, on 16 November 1980, Jayan died in an accident on the set of the movie Kolilakkam (transl. Shockwave) at the age of 41. The climactic scene of the movie was being filmed in Sholavaram, near Madras, Tamil Nadu. Jayan always performed his own stunts, and for", "death was confirmed, a slide was added during the theatre show of his movie Deepam, which was running in packed houses, informing viewers of his death. A large number of his fans burst into tears and ran out of the buildings, while many continued to watch the movie, refusing to believe it and taking it for an ingenious promotion for some upcoming project.Jayan's body was taken to Trivandrum via aeroplane and later it was taken to his home in Quilon, where he was cremated. Thousands paid homage to the actor, and the police had to take huge measures to deal with the crowds. His mother Bharathiyamma became bedridden", "deal with the crowds. His mother Bharathiyamma became bedridden after this incident, and she too died two years later. Soman Nair, his younger brother, died in 1999.\nSome conspiracy theories emerged regarding the circumstances of his death, primarily because the pilot and his co-star Balan K. Nair, who was in the helicopter, survived with minor or no injuries. Nevertheless, it has been confirmed as a genuine accident.\n\nAftermath\nAfter Jayan's death, several films were released claiming to be his last film, including the genuine one, Kolilakkam. In all these films, Jayan's voice was dubbed by Alleppey Ashraf, a popular impressionist of the time. Many", "his home.\nJayan memorial club and a Jayan memorial National highway waiting shed consisting of all Jayan film names and pics built by fans in Thrissur.\nJayan's Wax statue is unveiled at the Sunil Wax Museum in the state capital of Thiruvananthapuram in 2022.\n\nIn media\nMedia on Jayan\nA book titled Jayan Americayil? (Jayan in America?) came out in 1981 and had record sales at the time. It circulated the rumour that Jayan was alive in America with an injured eye and that it was a look-alike who was killed in the accident.\nAnother book Jayante Maranam Kolapathakamo (Jayan's death, a murder) was also" ]

[ "Where did Jayan die?", "Jayan died in Sholavaram, near Madras, Tamil Nadu.", "How did Jayan die?", "On 16 November 1980, Jayan was killed in an accident involving a helicopter on the set of the movie Kolilakkam.", "Are there any details on the accident that killed Jayan?", "Jayan insisted on another re-take as he was not satisfied with its perfection. During the re-take, the helicopter lost its balance and crashed along with Jayan." ]

[ "Tamil Nadu. Jayan always performed his own stunts, and for this movie he was performing a rather dangerous stunt that involved him boarding an airborne helicopter from a moving motorbike driven by Sukumaran. The shot was accepted by the director in the first take; Nonetheless, another three shots were filmed.\nAccording to the film's production executive, Jayan insisted on yet another re-take as he was not satisfied with its perfection. During the re-take, the helicopter lost its balance and crashed along with Jayan who was hanging onto the landing skids, and he later succumbed to his injuries.\nAfter his death was confirmed, a slide was added during the theatre show", "three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered as the first and best action star of Malayalam cinema, so far, besides his trademark colourful attire, risky stunts, machismo mannerisms and unique speaking style. He has rightly won immortality in the hearts of the Malayalam film fans as a martyr in his yearning to thrill and entertain them even by putting his life at stake. Madhu, a famous actor prominent in the 1960s, once stated in an interview: \"Jayan will forever be young and alive. No one can ever visualise him as an old man.\"\nA film titled Avatharam presently under production, is attempting to bring back his", "renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo image. These were claimed to honour his memories, but were also criticised for parodying the legendary actor years after his death.\n\nEarly life\nJayan was born in Quilon, Travancore as the first child of his father Thevalli Kottaram Veetil Madhavan Pillai and mother Bharathiyamma. His birth name was Krishnan Nair. He had a younger brother named Soman Nair. Malayalam actress Jayabharathi, who was his first cousin introduced him to the film industry. Jayan's formal education ended at the 10th grade at Kollam Govt. Boys High School when he joined the Indian Navy.He was", "he broke through a brick wall riding on a motorbike (a Royal Enfield Bullet) and it also featured sequences that had the actor sliding along ropes tied at high elevations. Perhaps the most famous movie stunt featuring Jayan came in Chandrahasam (\"Moonsword\", 1980) in which he held on to the UV clamp of a massive ship crane and was elevated to a height of around 200 feet before jumping off to the top of the vessel. In one of his final stunt scenes, in Ariyappedatha Rahasyam (\"Secret never known\", 1981) he was involved in a fight scene with an elephant.\n\nInfluence on Malayalam cinema\nThe meteoric rise of", "years 1979, 1980 and 1981 became known as \"Jayan years\" in the industry due to the widespread release and success of his movies. His films Sharapancharam and Angadi, released in 1979 and 1980 respectively, were record breakers and became the highest grossers of their respective years. His final film, Kolilakkam was the highest grosser in 1981. The noteworthy point is that a large percentage of films released during his peak years lacked a strong plot and were mostly cheap low budget remakes of successful movies from other language sectors of Indian cinema. Many of these films came out astoundingly successful due to his sheer presence and some avoided failures", "his Elvis bellbottoms), his masculine image and later the nature of his death transformed him into a legendary pop culture icon in Kerala. Jayan was also known for his unique method of dialogue delivery and he has contributed many memorable lines to the Malayalam film history.\n\nMultistar films\nJayan acted in several ensemble cast movies, mostly with Prem Nazir. The duo acted in films such as Naayattu, Love in Singapore, Chandrahasam, Thacholi Ambu, Kannappanunni, Paalattu Kunjikkannan, Maamaankam, Prabhu etc. all of which were top-grossing movies at the box office. He also acted with other popular actors of the time, such as" ]

[ "Tamil Nadu. Jayan always performed his own stunts, and for this movie he was performing a rather dangerous stunt that involved him boarding an airborne helicopter from a moving motorbike driven by Sukumaran. The shot was accepted by the director in the first take; Nonetheless, another three shots were filmed.\nAccording to the film's production executive, Jayan insisted on yet another re-take as he was not satisfied with its perfection. During the re-take, the helicopter lost its balance and crashed along with Jayan who was hanging onto the landing skids, and he later succumbed to his injuries.\nAfter his death was confirmed, a slide was added during the theatre show" ]

[ "in Naayattu, which was very unlikely for a superstar of those times. He had agreed to do this as a token of friendship with Jayan and the director Sreekumaran Thambi. The duo acted together many action films such as Irumbazhikal, Love in Singapore etc. where the box office draw was huge.\n\nDeath\nIn the peak of his career, on 16 November 1980, Jayan died in an accident on the set of the movie Kolilakkam (transl. Shockwave) at the age of 41. The climactic scene of the movie was being filmed in Sholavaram, near Madras, Tamil Nadu. Jayan always performed his own stunts, and for", "deal with the crowds. His mother Bharathiyamma became bedridden after this incident, and she too died two years later. Soman Nair, his younger brother, died in 1999.\nSome conspiracy theories emerged regarding the circumstances of his death, primarily because the pilot and his co-star Balan K. Nair, who was in the helicopter, survived with minor or no injuries. Nevertheless, it has been confirmed as a genuine accident.\n\nAftermath\nAfter Jayan's death, several films were released claiming to be his last film, including the genuine one, Kolilakkam. In all these films, Jayan's voice was dubbed by Alleppey Ashraf, a popular impressionist of the time. Many" ]

[ "Where did Jayan die?", "Jayan died in Sholavaram, near Madras, Tamil Nadu.", "How did Jayan die?", "On 16 November 1980, Jayan was killed in an accident involving a helicopter on the set of the movie Kolilakkam.", "Are there any details on the accident that killed Jayan?", "Jayan insisted on another re-take as he was not satisfied with its perfection. During the re-take, the helicopter lost its balance and crashed along with Jayan.", "Was this a stunt Jayan was performing?", "Jayan always performed his own stunts, and for this movie he was performing a particularly dangerous stunt that involved him boarding an airborne helicopter from a moving motorbike.", "Was Kolilakkam ever released?", "Yes, Kolilakkam is a 1981 Malayalam disaster drama film, written and directed by P. N. Sundaram, and starring Jayan." ]

[ "death was confirmed, a slide was added during the theatre show of his movie Deepam, which was running in packed houses, informing viewers of his death. A large number of his fans burst into tears and ran out of the buildings, while many continued to watch the movie, refusing to believe it and taking it for an ingenious promotion for some upcoming project.Jayan's body was taken to Trivandrum via aeroplane and later it was taken to his home in Quilon, where he was cremated. Thousands paid homage to the actor, and the police had to take huge measures to deal with the crowds. His mother Bharathiyamma became bedridden", "three decades after his death. Today, Jayan is best remembered as the first and best action star of Malayalam cinema, so far, besides his trademark colourful attire, risky stunts, machismo mannerisms and unique speaking style. He has rightly won immortality in the hearts of the Malayalam film fans as a martyr in his yearning to thrill and entertain them even by putting his life at stake. Madhu, a famous actor prominent in the 1960s, once stated in an interview: \"Jayan will forever be young and alive. No one can ever visualise him as an old man.\"\nA film titled Avatharam presently under production, is attempting to bring back his", "Tamil Nadu. Jayan always performed his own stunts, and for this movie he was performing a rather dangerous stunt that involved him boarding an airborne helicopter from a moving motorbike driven by Sukumaran. The shot was accepted by the director in the first take; Nonetheless, another three shots were filmed.\nAccording to the film's production executive, Jayan insisted on yet another re-take as he was not satisfied with its perfection. During the re-take, the helicopter lost its balance and crashed along with Jayan who was hanging onto the landing skids, and he later succumbed to his injuries.\nAfter his death was confirmed, a slide was added during the theatre show", "he broke through a brick wall riding on a motorbike (a Royal Enfield Bullet) and it also featured sequences that had the actor sliding along ropes tied at high elevations. Perhaps the most famous movie stunt featuring Jayan came in Chandrahasam (\"Moonsword\", 1980) in which he held on to the UV clamp of a massive ship crane and was elevated to a height of around 200 feet before jumping off to the top of the vessel. In one of his final stunt scenes, in Ariyappedatha Rahasyam (\"Secret never known\", 1981) he was involved in a fight scene with an elephant.\n\nInfluence on Malayalam cinema\nThe meteoric rise of", "his home.\nJayan memorial club and a Jayan memorial National highway waiting shed consisting of all Jayan film names and pics built by fans in Thrissur.\nJayan's Wax statue is unveiled at the Sunil Wax Museum in the state capital of Thiruvananthapuram in 2022.\n\nIn media\nMedia on Jayan\nA book titled Jayan Americayil? (Jayan in America?) came out in 1981 and had record sales at the time. It circulated the rumour that Jayan was alive in America with an injured eye and that it was a look-alike who was killed in the accident.\nAnother book Jayante Maranam Kolapathakamo (Jayan's death, a murder) was also", "renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo image. These were claimed to honour his memories, but were also criticised for parodying the legendary actor years after his death.\n\nEarly life\nJayan was born in Quilon, Travancore as the first child of his father Thevalli Kottaram Veetil Madhavan Pillai and mother Bharathiyamma. His birth name was Krishnan Nair. He had a younger brother named Soman Nair. Malayalam actress Jayabharathi, who was his first cousin introduced him to the film industry. Jayan's formal education ended at the 10th grade at Kollam Govt. Boys High School when he joined the Indian Navy.He was", "years 1979, 1980 and 1981 became known as \"Jayan years\" in the industry due to the widespread release and success of his movies. His films Sharapancharam and Angadi, released in 1979 and 1980 respectively, were record breakers and became the highest grossers of their respective years. His final film, Kolilakkam was the highest grosser in 1981. The noteworthy point is that a large percentage of films released during his peak years lacked a strong plot and were mostly cheap low budget remakes of successful movies from other language sectors of Indian cinema. Many of these films came out astoundingly successful due to his sheer presence and some avoided failures", "his Elvis bellbottoms), his masculine image and later the nature of his death transformed him into a legendary pop culture icon in Kerala. Jayan was also known for his unique method of dialogue delivery and he has contributed many memorable lines to the Malayalam film history.\n\nMultistar films\nJayan acted in several ensemble cast movies, mostly with Prem Nazir. The duo acted in films such as Naayattu, Love in Singapore, Chandrahasam, Thacholi Ambu, Kannappanunni, Paalattu Kunjikkannan, Maamaankam, Prabhu etc. all of which were top-grossing movies at the box office. He also acted with other popular actors of the time, such as" ]

[ "death was confirmed, a slide was added during the theatre show of his movie Deepam, which was running in packed houses, informing viewers of his death. A large number of his fans burst into tears and ran out of the buildings, while many continued to watch the movie, refusing to believe it and taking it for an ingenious promotion for some upcoming project.Jayan's body was taken to Trivandrum via aeroplane and later it was taken to his home in Quilon, where he was cremated. Thousands paid homage to the actor, and the police had to take huge measures to deal with the crowds. His mother Bharathiyamma became bedridden" ]

[ "This includes fiscal conservatism, limited government, and classic libertarianism on social issues. Sullivan opposes government involvement with respect to sexual and consensual matters between adults, such as the use of marijuana and prostitution. He believes recognition of same-sex marriage is a civil-rights issue but expressed willingness to promote it on a state-by-state legislative federalism basis, rather than trying to judicially impose the change. Most of Sullivan's disputes with other conservatives have been over social issues and the handling of postwar Iraq.\nSullivan gave out yearly \"awards\" for various public statements, parodying those of the people the awards were named after. Throughout the year, nominees were mentioned in", "his conservatism is rooted in his Catholic background and in the ideas of the British political philosopher Michael Oakeshott. In 2003, he wrote he was no longer able to support the American conservative movement, as he was disaffected with the Republican Party's continued rightward shift towards social conservatism on social issues during the George W. Bush era.Born and raised in Britain, he has lived in the United States since 1984 and currently resides in Washington, D.C., and Provincetown, Massachusetts. He is openly gay and a practicing Catholic.\n\nEarly life and education\nSullivan was born in South Godstone, Surrey, England, into a Catholic family of Irish", "2014, Sullivan opposed calls to remove Brendan Eich as CEO of Mozilla for donating to the campaign for Proposition 8, which made same-sex marriage illegal in California. In 2015, he claimed that \"gay equality\" had been achieved in the United States through the persuasive arguments of \"old-fashioned liberalism\" rather than by the activism of \"identity politics leftism.\"\n\nTransgender issues\nIn 2007, he said he was \"no big supporter\" of the Employment Non-Discrimination Act, arguing that it would \"not make much of a difference.\" However, he said, the \"gay rights establishment\" was making a tactical error to insist on including protections for gender identity, as he believed", "and in February 2017 he began writing a weekly column, \"Interesting Times\", for the magazine.On July 19, 2020, following the unexplained absence of his column for June 5, Sullivan announced that he would no longer write for New York. He announced he would be reviving The Dish as a newsletter, The Weekly Dish, hosted by Substack.\n\nPolitics\nSullivan describes himself as a conservative and is the author of The Conservative Soul. He has supported a number of traditional libertarian positions, favouring limited government and opposing social interventionist measures such as affirmative action. However, on a number of controversial public issues, including same-sex marriage, social security, progressive taxation,", "public issues, including same-sex marriage, social security, progressive taxation, anti-discrimination laws, the Affordable Care Act, the United States government's use of torture, and capital punishment, he has taken positions not typically shared by conservatives in the United States. In July 2012, Sullivan said that \"the catastrophe of the Bush–Cheney years ... all but exploded the logic of neoconservatism and its domestic partner-in-crime, supply-side economics.\"One of the most important intellectual and political influences on Sullivan is Michael Oakeshott. Sullivan describes Oakeshott's thought as \"an anti-ideology, a nonprogramme, a way of looking at the world whose most perfect expression might be called", "been a daily user of marijuana since 2001.On May 26, 2023, Sullivan announced on his blog that he and his husband, Aaron Tone, divorced the previous week.\n\nWorks\nAs authorVirtually Normal: An Argument About Homosexuality (1995). Knopf. ISBN 0-679-42382-6.\nLove Undetectable: Notes on Friendship, Sex and Survival (1998). Knopf. ISBN 0-679-45119-6.\nThe Conservative Soul: How We Lost It, How to Get It Back (2006). HarperCollins. ISBN 0-06-018877-4.\nIntimations Pursued: The Voice of Practice in the Conversation of Michael Oakeshott (2007). Imprint Academic. ISBN 978-0-907845-28-7\nOut on a Limb: Selected Writing, 1989–2021", "by Lisa Littman that proposed a socially mediated subtype of gender dysphoria that Littman had termed \"rapid onset gender dysphoria\". In April 2021, he said it should be illegal for doctors to initiate cross-sex hormones for children under 16 or sex reassignment surgery for children under 18.\n\nRecognitions\nIn 1996, Sullivan's book, Virtually Normal: An Argument about Homosexuality, won the 1996 Mencken Award for Best Book, presented by the Free Press Association. In 2006, Sullivan was named an LGBT History Month icon.\n\nForeign policy\nSullivan supported the 2003 invasion of Iraq by the United States and was initially hawkish in the war on terror, arguing that weakness would", "announced that The Dish would be revived as a weekly feature, including a column and podcast; he published there and elsewhere a notable obituary of Queen Elizabeth II.\n\nPersonal life\nIn 2001, it came to light that Sullivan had posted anonymous online advertisements for unprotected anal sex, preferably with \"other HIV-positive men\". He was widely criticised in the media for this, with some critics noting that he had condemned President Bill Clinton's \"incautious behavior\", though others wrote in his defence.In 2003, Sullivan wrote a Salon article identifying himself as a member of the gay \"bear community\". On 27 August 2007, he married Aaron Tone in Provincetown, Massachusetts.Sullivan", "to insist on including protections for gender identity, as he believed it would be easier to pass the bill without transgender people.In a September 2019 Intelligencer column, Sullivan expressed concern that gender-nonconforming children (especially those who are likely one day to come out as gay) might be encouraged to believe that they are transgender when they are not. In November 2019, Sullivan wrote another Intelligencer column on young women who, in their teens, had begun to transition to live as men but who later detransitioned. In that article, he discussed the controversy over a 2018 journal article by Lisa Littman that proposed a socially mediated subtype of gender", "his blog, and said he had expected that his criticisms would eventually anger Raines.Sullivan has also worked as a columnist for The Sunday Times of London.Ross Douthat and Tyler Cowen have suggested that Sullivan is the most influential political writer of his generation, particularly because of his very early and strident support for same-sex marriage, his early political blog, his support of the Iraq War, and his subsequent support of Barack Obama's presidential candidacy.After the cessation of his long-running blog, The Dish, in 2015, Sullivan wrote regularly for New York during the 2016 presidential election, and in February 2017 he began writing a weekly column, \"Interesting" ]

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[ "of being racist and calling white people \"subhuman\". Sullivan also accused Jeong of spreading eliminationist rhetoric; a belief that political opponents are a societal cancer that should be separated, censored or exterminated.\n\nLGBT issues\nHIV\nIn 1996, discussing HIV, he argued in the New York Times Magazine that \"this plague is over\" insofar as \"it no longer signifies death. It merely signifies illness.\" This led to \"a trend of white male journalists proclaiming that AIDS is over\", according to Sarah Schulman.\n\nGay issues\nSullivan, like Marshall Kirk, Hunter Madsen, and Bruce Bawer, has been described by Urvashi Vaid as a proponent of \"legitimation\", seeing the" ]

[ "of being racist and calling white people \"subhuman\". Sullivan also accused Jeong of spreading eliminationist rhetoric; a belief that political opponents are a societal cancer that should be separated, censored or exterminated.\n\nLGBT issues\nHIV\nIn 1996, discussing HIV, he argued in the New York Times Magazine that \"this plague is over\" insofar as \"it no longer signifies death. It merely signifies illness.\" This led to \"a trend of white male journalists proclaiming that AIDS is over\", according to Sarah Schulman.\n\nGay issues\nSullivan, like Marshall Kirk, Hunter Madsen, and Bruce Bawer, has been described by Urvashi Vaid as a proponent of \"legitimation\", seeing the", "his opinions to suit the whims of the moment. He has written, \"A true conservative—who is, above all, an anti-ideologue—will often be attacked for alleged inconsistency, for changing positions, for promising change but not a radical break with the past, for pursuing two objectives—like liberty and authority, or change and continuity—that seem to all ideologues as completely contradictory.\"As a youth, Sullivan was a fervent supporter of Margaret Thatcher and later Ronald Reagan. He says of that time, \"What really made me a right-winger was seeing the left use the state to impose egalitarianism—on my school\", after the Labour government in Britain", "This includes fiscal conservatism, limited government, and classic libertarianism on social issues. Sullivan opposes government involvement with respect to sexual and consensual matters between adults, such as the use of marijuana and prostitution. He believes recognition of same-sex marriage is a civil-rights issue but expressed willingness to promote it on a state-by-state legislative federalism basis, rather than trying to judicially impose the change. Most of Sullivan's disputes with other conservatives have been over social issues and the handling of postwar Iraq.\nSullivan gave out yearly \"awards\" for various public statements, parodying those of the people the awards were named after. Throughout the year, nominees were mentioned in", "public issues, including same-sex marriage, social security, progressive taxation, anti-discrimination laws, the Affordable Care Act, the United States government's use of torture, and capital punishment, he has taken positions not typically shared by conservatives in the United States. In July 2012, Sullivan said that \"the catastrophe of the Bush–Cheney years ... all but exploded the logic of neoconservatism and its domestic partner-in-crime, supply-side economics.\"One of the most important intellectual and political influences on Sullivan is Michael Oakeshott. Sullivan describes Oakeshott's thought as \"an anti-ideology, a nonprogramme, a way of looking at the world whose most perfect expression might be called", "2014, Sullivan opposed calls to remove Brendan Eich as CEO of Mozilla for donating to the campaign for Proposition 8, which made same-sex marriage illegal in California. In 2015, he claimed that \"gay equality\" had been achieved in the United States through the persuasive arguments of \"old-fashioned liberalism\" rather than by the activism of \"identity politics leftism.\"\n\nTransgender issues\nIn 2007, he said he was \"no big supporter\" of the Employment Non-Discrimination Act, arguing that it would \"not make much of a difference.\" However, he said, the \"gay rights establishment\" was making a tactical error to insist on including protections for gender identity, as he believed", "He wrote that Benedict was opposed to the modern world and women's rights, and considered gays and lesbians innately disposed to evil. Sullivan has, however, agreed with Benedict's assertion that reason is an integral element of faith.\nSullivan takes a moderate approach to religion, rejecting fundamentalism and describing himself as a \"dogged defender of pluralism and secularism\". He defended religious moderates in a series of exchanges with atheist author Sam Harris.\n\nBlogging\nIn late 2000, Sullivan began his blog, The Daily Dish. The core principle of the blog has been the style of conservatism he views as traditional. This includes fiscal conservatism, limited government, and classic libertarianism", "and in February 2017 he began writing a weekly column, \"Interesting Times\", for the magazine.On July 19, 2020, following the unexplained absence of his column for June 5, Sullivan announced that he would no longer write for New York. He announced he would be reviving The Dish as a newsletter, The Weekly Dish, hosted by Substack.\n\nPolitics\nSullivan describes himself as a conservative and is the author of The Conservative Soul. He has supported a number of traditional libertarian positions, favouring limited government and opposing social interventionist measures such as affirmative action. However, on a number of controversial public issues, including same-sex marriage, social security, progressive taxation,", "by Lisa Littman that proposed a socially mediated subtype of gender dysphoria that Littman had termed \"rapid onset gender dysphoria\". In April 2021, he said it should be illegal for doctors to initiate cross-sex hormones for children under 16 or sex reassignment surgery for children under 18.\n\nRecognitions\nIn 1996, Sullivan's book, Virtually Normal: An Argument about Homosexuality, won the 1996 Mencken Award for Best Book, presented by the Free Press Association. In 2006, Sullivan was named an LGBT History Month icon.\n\nForeign policy\nSullivan supported the 2003 invasion of Iraq by the United States and was initially hawkish in the war on terror, arguing that weakness would", "his conservatism is rooted in his Catholic background and in the ideas of the British political philosopher Michael Oakeshott. In 2003, he wrote he was no longer able to support the American conservative movement, as he was disaffected with the Republican Party's continued rightward shift towards social conservatism on social issues during the George W. Bush era.Born and raised in Britain, he has lived in the United States since 1984 and currently resides in Washington, D.C., and Provincetown, Massachusetts. He is openly gay and a practicing Catholic.\n\nEarly life and education\nSullivan was born in South Godstone, Surrey, England, into a Catholic family of Irish", "Nick Gillespie and Conor Friedersdorf have credited Breitbart with bringing new voices to debates about politics and culture. Breitbart told Reason in 2004 that, after feeling ignored by existing outlets, \"We decided to go out and create our media.\" Described as \"a series of do-it-yourself demonstration projects\" and \"conversation pits\", the Breitbart websites have been both criticized and praised for their role in various political issues. Breitbart has been recognized for adopting an inclusive stance with regard to the participation of gay people in the conservative movement. He has also been credited with helping to derail conspiracy theories about Barack Obama's citizenship.In 1995, Breitbart" ]

[ "What was Andrew Sullivan's involvement in LGBT issues?", "Andrew Sullivan has been described as a proponent of legitimation, seeing the objective of the gay rights movement as being mainstreaming gay and lesbian people rather than radical social change." ]

[]

[ "Urvashi Vaid as a proponent of \"legitimation\", seeing the objective of the gay rights movement as being \"mainstreaming gay and lesbian people\" rather than \"radical social change\". Sullivan wrote the first major article in the United States advocating for gay people to be given the right to marry, published in The New Republic in 1989. According to one columnist for Intelligent Life, many on \"the gay left,\" aiming to alter social codes of sexuality for everyone, were chagrined at Sullivan's endorsement of the \"assimilation\" of gay people into \"straight culture.\" In the wake of the United States Supreme Court rulings on same-sex marriage in 2013" ]

[ "Urvashi Vaid as a proponent of \"legitimation\", seeing the objective of the gay rights movement as being \"mainstreaming gay and lesbian people\" rather than \"radical social change\". Sullivan wrote the first major article in the United States advocating for gay people to be given the right to marry, published in The New Republic in 1989. According to one columnist for Intelligent Life, many on \"the gay left,\" aiming to alter social codes of sexuality for everyone, were chagrined at Sullivan's endorsement of the \"assimilation\" of gay people into \"straight culture.\" In the wake of the United States Supreme Court rulings on same-sex marriage in 2013", "of being racist and calling white people \"subhuman\". Sullivan also accused Jeong of spreading eliminationist rhetoric; a belief that political opponents are a societal cancer that should be separated, censored or exterminated.\n\nLGBT issues\nHIV\nIn 1996, discussing HIV, he argued in the New York Times Magazine that \"this plague is over\" insofar as \"it no longer signifies death. It merely signifies illness.\" This led to \"a trend of white male journalists proclaiming that AIDS is over\", according to Sarah Schulman.\n\nGay issues\nSullivan, like Marshall Kirk, Hunter Madsen, and Bruce Bawer, has been described by Urvashi Vaid as a proponent of \"legitimation\", seeing the" ]

[ "What was Andrew Sullivan's involvement in LGBT issues?", "Andrew Sullivan has been described as a proponent of legitimation, seeing the objective of the gay rights movement as being mainstreaming gay and lesbian people rather than radical social change.", "How exactly did Andrew Sullivan get involved?", "Andrew Sullivan wrote the first major article in the United States advocating for gay people to be given the right to marry.", "Was Andrew Sullivan's article published?", "Andrew Sullivan's article was published in The New Republic in 1989." ]

[ "2014, Sullivan opposed calls to remove Brendan Eich as CEO of Mozilla for donating to the campaign for Proposition 8, which made same-sex marriage illegal in California. In 2015, he claimed that \"gay equality\" had been achieved in the United States through the persuasive arguments of \"old-fashioned liberalism\" rather than by the activism of \"identity politics leftism.\"\n\nTransgender issues\nIn 2007, he said he was \"no big supporter\" of the Employment Non-Discrimination Act, arguing that it would \"not make much of a difference.\" However, he said, the \"gay rights establishment\" was making a tactical error to insist on including protections for gender identity, as he believed", "This includes fiscal conservatism, limited government, and classic libertarianism on social issues. Sullivan opposes government involvement with respect to sexual and consensual matters between adults, such as the use of marijuana and prostitution. He believes recognition of same-sex marriage is a civil-rights issue but expressed willingness to promote it on a state-by-state legislative federalism basis, rather than trying to judicially impose the change. Most of Sullivan's disputes with other conservatives have been over social issues and the handling of postwar Iraq.\nSullivan gave out yearly \"awards\" for various public statements, parodying those of the people the awards were named after. Throughout the year, nominees were mentioned in", "and in February 2017 he began writing a weekly column, \"Interesting Times\", for the magazine.On July 19, 2020, following the unexplained absence of his column for June 5, Sullivan announced that he would no longer write for New York. He announced he would be reviving The Dish as a newsletter, The Weekly Dish, hosted by Substack.\n\nPolitics\nSullivan describes himself as a conservative and is the author of The Conservative Soul. He has supported a number of traditional libertarian positions, favouring limited government and opposing social interventionist measures such as affirmative action. However, on a number of controversial public issues, including same-sex marriage, social security, progressive taxation,", "by Lisa Littman that proposed a socially mediated subtype of gender dysphoria that Littman had termed \"rapid onset gender dysphoria\". In April 2021, he said it should be illegal for doctors to initiate cross-sex hormones for children under 16 or sex reassignment surgery for children under 18.\n\nRecognitions\nIn 1996, Sullivan's book, Virtually Normal: An Argument about Homosexuality, won the 1996 Mencken Award for Best Book, presented by the Free Press Association. In 2006, Sullivan was named an LGBT History Month icon.\n\nForeign policy\nSullivan supported the 2003 invasion of Iraq by the United States and was initially hawkish in the war on terror, arguing that weakness would", "He wrote that Benedict was opposed to the modern world and women's rights, and considered gays and lesbians innately disposed to evil. Sullivan has, however, agreed with Benedict's assertion that reason is an integral element of faith.\nSullivan takes a moderate approach to religion, rejecting fundamentalism and describing himself as a \"dogged defender of pluralism and secularism\". He defended religious moderates in a series of exchanges with atheist author Sam Harris.\n\nBlogging\nIn late 2000, Sullivan began his blog, The Daily Dish. The core principle of the blog has been the style of conservatism he views as traditional. This includes fiscal conservatism, limited government, and classic libertarianism", "his opinions to suit the whims of the moment. He has written, \"A true conservative—who is, above all, an anti-ideologue—will often be attacked for alleged inconsistency, for changing positions, for promising change but not a radical break with the past, for pursuing two objectives—like liberty and authority, or change and continuity—that seem to all ideologues as completely contradictory.\"As a youth, Sullivan was a fervent supporter of Margaret Thatcher and later Ronald Reagan. He says of that time, \"What really made me a right-winger was seeing the left use the state to impose egalitarianism—on my school\", after the Labour government in Britain", "his blog, and said he had expected that his criticisms would eventually anger Raines.Sullivan has also worked as a columnist for The Sunday Times of London.Ross Douthat and Tyler Cowen have suggested that Sullivan is the most influential political writer of his generation, particularly because of his very early and strident support for same-sex marriage, his early political blog, his support of the Iraq War, and his subsequent support of Barack Obama's presidential candidacy.After the cessation of his long-running blog, The Dish, in 2015, Sullivan wrote regularly for New York during the 2016 presidential election, and in February 2017 he began writing a weekly column, \"Interesting", "Andrew Michael Sullivan (born 10 August 1963) is a British-American author, editor, and blogger. Sullivan is a political commentator, a former editor of The New Republic, and the author or editor of six books. He started a political blog, The Daily Dish, in 2000, and eventually moved his blog to platforms, including Time, The Atlantic, The Daily Beast, and finally an independent subscription-based format. He announced his retirement from blogging in 2015. From 2016 to 2020, Sullivan was a writer-at-large at New York. His newsletter The Weekly Dish was launched in July 2020.Sullivan has stated that his conservatism is rooted in his Catholic background and in" ]

[ "2014, Sullivan opposed calls to remove Brendan Eich as CEO of Mozilla for donating to the campaign for Proposition 8, which made same-sex marriage illegal in California. In 2015, he claimed that \"gay equality\" had been achieved in the United States through the persuasive arguments of \"old-fashioned liberalism\" rather than by the activism of \"identity politics leftism.\"\n\nTransgender issues\nIn 2007, he said he was \"no big supporter\" of the Employment Non-Discrimination Act, arguing that it would \"not make much of a difference.\" However, he said, the \"gay rights establishment\" was making a tactical error to insist on including protections for gender identity, as he believed" ]

[ "Godstone, Surrey, England, into a Catholic family of Irish descent, and was brought up in the nearby town of East Grinstead, West Sussex. He was educated at a Catholic primary school followed by Reigate Grammar School, where his classmates included future Labour Party leader Keir Starmer and future Conservative member of the House of Lords Andrew Cooper. He won a scholarship in 1981 to Magdalen College, Oxford, where he was awarded a first-class Bachelor of Arts in modern history and modern languages. He founded the Pooh Stick Society at Oxford, and in his second year, he was elected President of the Oxford Union for Trinity term 1983.After writing", "May.Bradman was of English heritage on both sides of his family. His grandfather Charles Andrew Bradman had left Withersfield, Suffolk, for Australia. In 1930, when he played at Cambridge during his first tour of England, 21-year-old Bradman took the opportunity to trace his forebears in the region. Bradman was also partly of Italian lineage; one of his great-grandfathers had been one of the first Italians to migrate to Australia in 1826.Bradman's parents lived in the hamlet of Yeo Yeo, near Stockinbingal. His mother, Emily, gave birth to him at the Cootamundra home of Granny Scholz, a midwife, which is now the", "elected President of the Oxford Union for Trinity term 1983.After writing briefly for a newspaper, Sullivan won scholarship in 1984 to Harvard University, where he earned a Master of Public Administration in 1986 from the John F. Kennedy School of Government, followed by a Doctor of Philosophy degree in government from Harvard in 1990. His dissertation was titled Intimations Pursued: The Voice of Practice in the Conversation of Michael Oakeshott.\n\nCareer\nSullivan first wrote for The Daily Telegraph on American politics. In 1986, Sullivan went to work for The New Republic magazine initially on a summer internship; among the most significant articles he wrote were \"Gay Life Gay Death\", an essay on", "was born on 13 March 1960 in Chinnor, Oxfordshire, England. His father was a pilot with the Royal Air Force who moved into civil aviation, and his mother was a former airline stewardess. When Clayton was four years old, his father worked in Kenya as a pilot with East African Airways, with the family residing in Nairobi; Clayton regards this as the happiest period of his childhood. In 1965, the family moved to Malahide, northern County Dublin, Ireland, where Clayton's brother Sebastian was born. The Clayton family became friends with the Evans family (including their son David Evans (\"The Edge\"), who later co-founded the band U2 with", "Sullivan at IMDb\nAndrew Sullivan collected news and commentary at The New York Times\nWorld's Best Blogger?, Harvard Magazine, May–June 2011", "as a member of Van Halen in 2007.\n\nEarly years\nAnthony got his interest in music from his trumpeter father, and played the same instrument in his youth.Anthony was partly raised in Chicago. The family moved to California twice in Anthony's early years, settling in 1966 in Arcadia, California (Arcadia being located next to Pasadena, where Alex and Edward Van Halen, with whom Anthony would later play in the band, were raised). Anthony attended Dana Junior High School, in Arcadia, California, from 1967 to 1969. Anthony was in the marching band at the school. He ran track in junior high and also showed promise in baseball, as a catcher, but" ]

[ "Where was Andrew Sullivan born?", "Andrew Sullivan was born in South Godstone, Surrey, England into a Roman Catholic family of Irish descent, and was brought up in the nearby town of East Grinstead, West Sussex.", "When was Andrew Sullivan born?", "Andrew Sullivan was born on August 10, 1963.", "Did Andrew Sullivan have any siblings?", "No, Andrew Sullivan does not have any siblings.", "Where did Andrew Sullivan go to school?", "Andrew Sullivan was educated at Reigate Grammar School and Magdalen College, Oxford, where he was awarded a first-class Bachelor of Arts in modern history and modern languages." ]

[ "27 August 2007, he married Aaron Tone in Provincetown, Massachusetts.Sullivan was a friend of late journalist Christopher Hitchens.Sullivan was barred for many years from applying for United States citizenship because of his HIV-positive status. Following the statutory and administrative repeals of the HIV immigration ban in 2008 and 2009, respectively, he announced his intention to begin the process of becoming a permanent resident and citizen. On The Chris Matthews Show on 16 April 2011, Sullivan confirmed that he had become a permanent resident, showing his green card. On 1 December 2016, Sullivan became a naturalised US citizen.He has been a daily user of marijuana since 2001.On May 26,", "his opinions to suit the whims of the moment. He has written, \"A true conservative—who is, above all, an anti-ideologue—will often be attacked for alleged inconsistency, for changing positions, for promising change but not a radical break with the past, for pursuing two objectives—like liberty and authority, or change and continuity—that seem to all ideologues as completely contradictory.\"As a youth, Sullivan was a fervent supporter of Margaret Thatcher and later Ronald Reagan. He says of that time, \"What really made me a right-winger was seeing the left use the state to impose egalitarianism—on my school\", after the Labour government in Britain", "Andrew Michael Sullivan (born 10 August 1963) is a British-American author, editor, and blogger. Sullivan is a political commentator, a former editor of The New Republic, and the author or editor of six books. He started a political blog, The Daily Dish, in 2000, and eventually moved his blog to platforms, including Time, The Atlantic, The Daily Beast, and finally an independent subscription-based format. He announced his retirement from blogging in 2015. From 2016 to 2020, Sullivan was a writer-at-large at New York. His newsletter The Weekly Dish was launched in July 2020.Sullivan has stated that his conservatism is rooted in his Catholic background and in", "(\"The Edge\"), who later co-founded the band U2 with Clayton).When he was eight years old, Clayton was sent to the private junior boarding Castle Park School in Dalkey, southern County Dublin. Not being sports-oriented, Clayton did not enjoy the school or respond well to its ethos; he found it difficult to settle socially there. He was interested in pop music, which students were not allowed to listen to. He joined the School's \"Gramphone Society\", which met to listen to classical music. He also took piano lessons for a short time. His introduction to the world of popular music was around age 10, listening to rock operas" ]

[ "27 August 2007, he married Aaron Tone in Provincetown, Massachusetts.Sullivan was a friend of late journalist Christopher Hitchens.Sullivan was barred for many years from applying for United States citizenship because of his HIV-positive status. Following the statutory and administrative repeals of the HIV immigration ban in 2008 and 2009, respectively, he announced his intention to begin the process of becoming a permanent resident and citizen. On The Chris Matthews Show on 16 April 2011, Sullivan confirmed that he had become a permanent resident, showing his green card. On 1 December 2016, Sullivan became a naturalised US citizen.He has been a daily user of marijuana since 2001.On May 26," ]

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[ "Where was Andrew Sullivan born?", "Andrew Sullivan was born in South Godstone, Surrey, England into a Roman Catholic family of Irish descent, and was brought up in the nearby town of East Grinstead, West Sussex.", "When was Andrew Sullivan born?", "Andrew Sullivan was born on August 10, 1963.", "Did Andrew Sullivan have any siblings?", "No, Andrew Sullivan does not have any siblings.", "Where did Andrew Sullivan go to school?", "Andrew Sullivan was educated at Reigate Grammar School and Magdalen College, Oxford, where he was awarded a first-class Bachelor of Arts in modern history and modern languages.", "What were some aspects of Andrew Sullivan's personal life?", "Andrew Sullivan was barred for many years from applying for United States citizenship because of his HIV-positive status." ]

[ "27 August 2007, he married Aaron Tone in Provincetown, Massachusetts.Sullivan was a friend of late journalist Christopher Hitchens.Sullivan was barred for many years from applying for United States citizenship because of his HIV-positive status. Following the statutory and administrative repeals of the HIV immigration ban in 2008 and 2009, respectively, he announced his intention to begin the process of becoming a permanent resident and citizen. On The Chris Matthews Show on 16 April 2011, Sullivan confirmed that he had become a permanent resident, showing his green card. On 1 December 2016, Sullivan became a naturalised US citizen.He has been a daily user of marijuana since 2001.On May 26,", "Godstone, Surrey, England, into a Catholic family of Irish descent, and was brought up in the nearby town of East Grinstead, West Sussex. He was educated at a Catholic primary school followed by Reigate Grammar School, where his classmates included future Labour Party leader Keir Starmer and future Conservative member of the House of Lords Andrew Cooper. He won a scholarship in 1981 to Magdalen College, Oxford, where he was awarded a first-class Bachelor of Arts in modern history and modern languages. He founded the Pooh Stick Society at Oxford, and in his second year, he was elected President of the Oxford Union for Trinity term 1983.After writing", "May.Bradman was of English heritage on both sides of his family. His grandfather Charles Andrew Bradman had left Withersfield, Suffolk, for Australia. In 1930, when he played at Cambridge during his first tour of England, 21-year-old Bradman took the opportunity to trace his forebears in the region. Bradman was also partly of Italian lineage; one of his great-grandfathers had been one of the first Italians to migrate to Australia in 1826.Bradman's parents lived in the hamlet of Yeo Yeo, near Stockinbingal. His mother, Emily, gave birth to him at the Cootamundra home of Granny Scholz, a midwife, which is now the", "elected President of the Oxford Union for Trinity term 1983.After writing briefly for a newspaper, Sullivan won scholarship in 1984 to Harvard University, where he earned a Master of Public Administration in 1986 from the John F. Kennedy School of Government, followed by a Doctor of Philosophy degree in government from Harvard in 1990. His dissertation was titled Intimations Pursued: The Voice of Practice in the Conversation of Michael Oakeshott.\n\nCareer\nSullivan first wrote for The Daily Telegraph on American politics. In 1986, Sullivan went to work for The New Republic magazine initially on a summer internship; among the most significant articles he wrote were \"Gay Life Gay Death\", an essay on", "Sullivan at IMDb\nAndrew Sullivan collected news and commentary at The New York Times\nWorld's Best Blogger?, Harvard Magazine, May–June 2011", "was born on 13 March 1960 in Chinnor, Oxfordshire, England. His father was a pilot with the Royal Air Force who moved into civil aviation, and his mother was a former airline stewardess. When Clayton was four years old, his father worked in Kenya as a pilot with East African Airways, with the family residing in Nairobi; Clayton regards this as the happiest period of his childhood. In 1965, the family moved to Malahide, northern County Dublin, Ireland, where Clayton's brother Sebastian was born. The Clayton family became friends with the Evans family (including their son David Evans (\"The Edge\"), who later co-founded the band U2 with", "Andrew Michael Sullivan (born 10 August 1963) is a British-American author, editor, and blogger. Sullivan is a political commentator, a former editor of The New Republic, and the author or editor of six books. He started a political blog, The Daily Dish, in 2000, and eventually moved his blog to platforms, including Time, The Atlantic, The Daily Beast, and finally an independent subscription-based format. He announced his retirement from blogging in 2015. From 2016 to 2020, Sullivan was a writer-at-large at New York. His newsletter The Weekly Dish was launched in July 2020.Sullivan has stated that his conservatism is rooted in his Catholic background and in", "his conservatism is rooted in his Catholic background and in the ideas of the British political philosopher Michael Oakeshott. In 2003, he wrote he was no longer able to support the American conservative movement, as he was disaffected with the Republican Party's continued rightward shift towards social conservatism on social issues during the George W. Bush era.Born and raised in Britain, he has lived in the United States since 1984 and currently resides in Washington, D.C., and Provincetown, Massachusetts. He is openly gay and a practicing Catholic.\n\nEarly life and education\nSullivan was born in South Godstone, Surrey, England, into a Catholic family of Irish", "his opinions to suit the whims of the moment. He has written, \"A true conservative—who is, above all, an anti-ideologue—will often be attacked for alleged inconsistency, for changing positions, for promising change but not a radical break with the past, for pursuing two objectives—like liberty and authority, or change and continuity—that seem to all ideologues as completely contradictory.\"As a youth, Sullivan was a fervent supporter of Margaret Thatcher and later Ronald Reagan. He says of that time, \"What really made me a right-winger was seeing the left use the state to impose egalitarianism—on my school\", after the Labour government in Britain", "as a member of Van Halen in 2007.\n\nEarly years\nAnthony got his interest in music from his trumpeter father, and played the same instrument in his youth.Anthony was partly raised in Chicago. The family moved to California twice in Anthony's early years, settling in 1966 in Arcadia, California (Arcadia being located next to Pasadena, where Alex and Edward Van Halen, with whom Anthony would later play in the band, were raised). Anthony attended Dana Junior High School, in Arcadia, California, from 1967 to 1969. Anthony was in the marching band at the school. He ran track in junior high and also showed promise in baseball, as a catcher, but" ]

[ "27 August 2007, he married Aaron Tone in Provincetown, Massachusetts.Sullivan was a friend of late journalist Christopher Hitchens.Sullivan was barred for many years from applying for United States citizenship because of his HIV-positive status. Following the statutory and administrative repeals of the HIV immigration ban in 2008 and 2009, respectively, he announced his intention to begin the process of becoming a permanent resident and citizen. On The Chris Matthews Show on 16 April 2011, Sullivan confirmed that he had become a permanent resident, showing his green card. On 1 December 2016, Sullivan became a naturalised US citizen.He has been a daily user of marijuana since 2001.On May 26," ]

[ "age of 10. He was raised in Texas, Los Angeles and Canada.\nHe met his longtime friend and collaborator Alex Kurtzman when both were 17-year-old students at Crossroads, a privately funded school in Santa Monica, California. The first time they came across each other was in a film class, where they discovered each other's love for films and in particular the Steven Soderbergh film Sex, Lies, and Videotape. The duo found that they had a number of things in common, as Kurtzman had previously lived in Mexico City and the two could relate. Orci later called him an \"honorary Hispanic\". Orci went on to attend the University of", "Pop Collaboration with Vocals (with Van Morrison).\n\nEarly life\nHooker's date of birth is a subject of debate; the years 1912, 1915, 1917, 1920, and 1923 have all been suggested. Most official sources list 1917, though at times Hooker stated he was born in 1920. Information found in the 1920 and 1930 censuses indicates that he was actually born in 1912. In 2017, a series of events took place to celebrate the purported centenary of his birth. In the 1920 federal census, John Hooker is seven years old and one of nine children living with William and Minnie Hooker in Tutwiler, Mississippi.\nIt is believed that he was born in", "a jazz musician in the United States.\n\nEarly years\nThielemans was born in Brussels on 29 April 1922. His parents owned a café. He began playing music at an early age, using a homemade accordion at age three. During the German occupation of Belgium beginning in 1940, he became attracted to jazz, but was then playing on a full-size accordion or a harmonica, which he taught himself to play in his teens.After being introduced to the music of Belgian-born jazz guitarist Django Reinhardt, he became inspired to teach himself guitar, which he did by listening to Reinhardt's recordings. At the time he was a college student majoring in mathematics.", "(\"The Edge\"), who later co-founded the band U2 with Clayton).When he was eight years old, Clayton was sent to the private junior boarding Castle Park School in Dalkey, southern County Dublin. Not being sports-oriented, Clayton did not enjoy the school or respond well to its ethos; he found it difficult to settle socially there. He was interested in pop music, which students were not allowed to listen to. He joined the School's \"Gramphone Society\", which met to listen to classical music. He also took piano lessons for a short time. His introduction to the world of popular music was around age 10, listening to rock operas", "October 7, 1976, to Bradley Hicks and Pamela Dickinson. He and his family moved to the suburb of Hoover when he was eight years old. His hair started turning gray by the time he was 14. His parents divorced, and stepmother Linda shared custody of their son until he came of age. Hicks has suggested his difficult childhood as the reason for his turning to soul and blues music for solace. He has a younger half-brother, Sean, who later convinced him to audition for American Idol.He bought his first harmonica when he was 16, for $2 at a flea market in Bessemer, Alabama, and taught himself to play blues harp.", "were taken during the original investigations, and 40 hours of recorded interviews of Carter by the author Ken Klonsky, who cited them in his 2011 book The Eye of the Hurricane.\n\nEarly life\nCarter was born in Clifton, New Jersey in 1937, the fourth of seven children. He later admitted to a troubled relationship with his father, a strict disciplinarian; at the age of eleven, he was sentenced to a juvenile reformatory for assault, having stabbed a man who he alleged had tried to sexually assault him. Carter escaped from the reformatory in 1954 and joined the United States Army. A few months after completing basic training at Fort Jackson, South", "that he was killed by his brother in a bloody family feud.\n\nNawar al-Awlaki\nOn January 29, 2017, Anwar al-Awlaki's 8-year-old daughter, Nawar al-Awlaki, who was an American citizen, was killed in a DEVGRU operation authorized by President Donald Trump.\n\nIslamic education\nAl-Awlaki's Islamic education was primarily informal, and consisted of intermittent months with various scholars reading and contemplating Islamic scholarly works. Despite having no religious qualifications and almost no religious education, Al-Awlaki made a name for himself as a public speaker who released popular audio recordings. Some Muslim scholars said they did not understand al‑Awlaki's popularity, because while he spoke fluent English", "He went by \"Billy\" in his early years until he was teased at school for it also being a girl's name, at which point he decided he would from then on be known as \"Will\". Forte describes himself as having been a \"really happy little boy\" whose parents were \"wonderful\" and created a \"very loving environment\". He was interested in comedy from a young age, growing up idolizing comedians Peter Sellers, David Letterman, and Steve Martin, as well as the sketch-comedy television series Saturday Night Live. He often pulled pranks on his parents, and would record himself performing imaginary radio shows. He did not aim to be a", "At the time he was a college student majoring in mathematics. By the war's end in 1945, he considered himself a full-time musician. He said in 1950, \"Django is still one of my main influences, I think, for lyricism. He can make me cry when I hear him.\" During an interview in 1988, he recalled, \"I guess I was born at the right time to live and adapt and be touched by the evolution in the jazz language.\"He played in two Silverio Pisu stories: Giacomino passerotto vagabondo and Manolo gattino sognatore.\n\nCareer\n1940s–1950s\nIn 1949 he joined a jam session in Paris with Sidney Bechet,", "May.Bradman was of English heritage on both sides of his family. His grandfather Charles Andrew Bradman had left Withersfield, Suffolk, for Australia. In 1930, when he played at Cambridge during his first tour of England, 21-year-old Bradman took the opportunity to trace his forebears in the region. Bradman was also partly of Italian lineage; one of his great-grandfathers had been one of the first Italians to migrate to Australia in 1826.Bradman's parents lived in the hamlet of Yeo Yeo, near Stockinbingal. His mother, Emily, gave birth to him at the Cootamundra home of Granny Scholz, a midwife, which is now the" ]

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[ "of disinterested judgment. Kant's religious views were deeply connected to his moral theory. Their exact nature, however, remains in dispute. He hoped that perpetual peace could be secured through an international federation of republican states and international cooperation. His cosmopolitan reputation, however, is called into question by his promulgation of scientific racism for much of his career, although he altered his views on the subject in the last decade of his life.\n\nBiography\nImmanuel Kant was born on 22 April 1724 into a Prussian German family of Lutheran Protestant faith in Königsberg, East Prussia (since 1946 the Russian city of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737)," ]

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[ "When was Immanuel Kant born?", "Immanuel Kant was born on April 22, 1724.", "Where was Immanuel Kant born?", "Immanueel Kant was born in Königsberg, East Prussia.", "Who were Immanuel Kant's parents?", "Immanuel Kant's mother was Anna Regina Reuter and Kant's father was Johann Georg Kant ." ]

[ "of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737), was born in Königsberg to a father from Nuremberg. Her surname is sometimes erroneously given as Porter. Kant's father, Johann Georg Kant (1682–1746), was a German harness-maker from Memel, at the time Prussia's most northeastern city (now Klaipėda, Lithuania). It is possible that the Kants got their name from the village of Kantvainiai (German: Kantwaggen – today part of Priekulė) and were of Kursenieki origin.Baptized Emanuel, Kant later changed the spelling of his name to Immanuel after learning Hebrew. He was the fourth of nine children (six of whom reached", "of disinterested judgment. Kant's religious views were deeply connected to his moral theory. Their exact nature, however, remains in dispute. He hoped that perpetual peace could be secured through an international federation of republican states and international cooperation. His cosmopolitan reputation, however, is called into question by his promulgation of scientific racism for much of his career, although he altered his views on the subject in the last decade of his life.\n\nBiography\nImmanuel Kant was born on 22 April 1724 into a Prussian German family of Lutheran Protestant faith in Königsberg, East Prussia (since 1946 the Russian city of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737),", "starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great aptitude for study at an early age. He first attended the Collegium Fridericianum, from which he graduated at the end of the summer of 1740. In 1740, aged 16, he enrolled at the University of Königsberg, where he would later remain for the rest of his professional life. He studied the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff under Martin Knutzen (Associate Professor of Logic and Metaphysics from 1734 until he died in 1751), a rationalist who was also familiar with developments in British philosophy and science and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton.", "Immanuel Kant (22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher and one of the central Enlightenment thinkers. Born in Königsberg, Kant's comprehensive and systematic works in epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics have made him one of the most influential and controversial figures in modern Western philosophy.In his doctrine of transcendental idealism, Kant argued space and time are mere \"forms of intuition\" that structure all experience and that the objects of experience are mere \"appearances\". The nature of things as they are in themselves is unknowable to us. In an attempt to counter the philosophical doctrine of skepticism, he wrote the Critique of Pure", "He was the fourth of nine children (six of whom reached adulthood).The Kant household stressed the pietist values of religious devotion, humility, and a literal interpretation of the Bible. The young Immanuel's education was strict, punitive and disciplinary, and focused on Latin and religious instruction over mathematics and science.In his later years, Kant lived a strictly ordered life. It was said that neighbors would set their clocks by his daily walks. He never married but seems to have had a rewarding social life; he was a popular teacher as well as a modestly successful author, even before starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great", "and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton. Knutzen dissuaded Kant from the theory of pre-established harmony, which he regarded as \"the pillow for the lazy mind\". He also dissuaded Kant from idealism, the idea that reality is purely mental, which most philosophers in the 18th century regarded negatively. The theory of transcendental idealism that Kant later included in the Critique of Pure Reason was developed partially in opposition to traditional idealism.\nKant had contacts with students, colleagues, friends and diners who frequented the local Masonic lodge.His father's stroke and subsequent death in 1746 interrupted his studies. Kant left Königsberg shortly after August", "2005, the university was renamed Immanuel Kant State University of Russia. The name change was announced at a ceremony attended by President Vladimir Putin of Russia and Chancellor Gerhard Schröder of Germany, and the university formed a Kant Society, dedicated to the study of Kantianism. The university was again renamed in the 2010s, to Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University.\n\nPhilosophy\nLike many of his contemporaries, Kant was greatly impressed with the scientific advances made by Newton and others. This new evidence of the power of human reason, however, called into question for many the traditional authority of politics and religion. In particular, the modern mechanistic view of the world called into", "preeminent status in eighteenth-century philosophy. There were several journals devoted solely to defending and criticizing Kantian philosophy. Despite his success, philosophical trends were moving in another direction. Many of Kant's most important disciples and followers (including Reinhold, Beck, and Fichte) transformed the Kantian position. The progressive stages of revision of Kant's teachings marked the emergence of German idealism. Kant opposed these developments and publicly denounced Fichte in an open letter in 1799. It was one of his final acts expounding a stance on philosophical questions.\nIn 1800, a student of Kant named Gottlob Benjamin Jäsche (1762–1842) published a manual of logic for teachers called", "Schelling, Hegel, and Novalis during the 1780s and 1790s.\n\nSamuel Taylor Coleridge was greatly influenced by Kant and helped to spread awareness of him, and of German Idealism generally, in the UK and the US. In his Biographia Literaria (1817), he credits Kant's ideas in coming to believe that the mind is not a passive, but an active agent in the apprehension of reality.\nHegel was one of Kant's first major critics. In Hegel's view the entire project of setting a \"transcendental subject\" (i.e., human consciousness) apart from the living individual as well as from nature, history, and society was fundamentally flawed, although parts", "Artifacts previously owned by Kant, known as Kantiana, were included in the Königsberg City Museum. However, the museum was destroyed during World War II. A replica of the statue of Kant that in German times stood in front of the main University of Königsberg building was donated by a German entity in the early 1990s and placed in the same grounds.\nAfter the expulsion of Königsberg's German population at the end of World War II, the University of Königsberg where Kant taught was replaced by the Russian-language Kaliningrad State University, which appropriated the campus and surviving buildings. In 2005, the university was renamed Immanuel Kant State University of" ]

[ "of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737), was born in Königsberg to a father from Nuremberg. Her surname is sometimes erroneously given as Porter. Kant's father, Johann Georg Kant (1682–1746), was a German harness-maker from Memel, at the time Prussia's most northeastern city (now Klaipėda, Lithuania). It is possible that the Kants got their name from the village of Kantvainiai (German: Kantwaggen – today part of Priekulė) and were of Kursenieki origin.Baptized Emanuel, Kant later changed the spelling of his name to Immanuel after learning Hebrew. He was the fourth of nine children (six of whom reached" ]

[ "of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737), was born in Königsberg to a father from Nuremberg. Her surname is sometimes erroneously given as Porter. Kant's father, Johann Georg Kant (1682–1746), was a German harness-maker from Memel, at the time Prussia's most northeastern city (now Klaipėda, Lithuania). It is possible that the Kants got their name from the village of Kantvainiai (German: Kantwaggen – today part of Priekulė) and were of Kursenieki origin.Baptized Emanuel, Kant later changed the spelling of his name to Immanuel after learning Hebrew. He was the fourth of nine children (six of whom reached", "of disinterested judgment. Kant's religious views were deeply connected to his moral theory. Their exact nature, however, remains in dispute. He hoped that perpetual peace could be secured through an international federation of republican states and international cooperation. His cosmopolitan reputation, however, is called into question by his promulgation of scientific racism for much of his career, although he altered his views on the subject in the last decade of his life.\n\nBiography\nImmanuel Kant was born on 22 April 1724 into a Prussian German family of Lutheran Protestant faith in Königsberg, East Prussia (since 1946 the Russian city of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737)," ]

[ "When was Immanuel Kant born?", "Immanuel Kant was born on April 22, 1724.", "Where was Immanuel Kant born?", "Immanueel Kant was born in Königsberg, East Prussia.", "Who were Immanuel Kant's parents?", "Immanuel Kant's mother was Anna Regina Reuter and Kant's father was Johann Georg Kant .", "Is there any more information about Immanuel Kant's father?", "Immanuel Kant's father, Johann Georg Kant, was a German harness maker from Memel, at the time Prussia's most northeastern city.", "Did Immanuel Kant have any siblings?", "Immanuel Kant had a brother an a sister: Johann Heinrich Kant and Regina Dorothea Kant" ]

[ "starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great aptitude for study at an early age. He first attended the Collegium Fridericianum, from which he graduated at the end of the summer of 1740. In 1740, aged 16, he enrolled at the University of Königsberg, where he would later remain for the rest of his professional life. He studied the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff under Martin Knutzen (Associate Professor of Logic and Metaphysics from 1734 until he died in 1751), a rationalist who was also familiar with developments in British philosophy and science and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton.", "Immanuel Kant (22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher and one of the central Enlightenment thinkers. Born in Königsberg, Kant's comprehensive and systematic works in epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics have made him one of the most influential and controversial figures in modern Western philosophy.In his doctrine of transcendental idealism, Kant argued space and time are mere \"forms of intuition\" that structure all experience and that the objects of experience are mere \"appearances\". The nature of things as they are in themselves is unknowable to us. In an attempt to counter the philosophical doctrine of skepticism, he wrote the Critique of Pure", "He was the fourth of nine children (six of whom reached adulthood).The Kant household stressed the pietist values of religious devotion, humility, and a literal interpretation of the Bible. The young Immanuel's education was strict, punitive and disciplinary, and focused on Latin and religious instruction over mathematics and science.In his later years, Kant lived a strictly ordered life. It was said that neighbors would set their clocks by his daily walks. He never married but seems to have had a rewarding social life; he was a popular teacher as well as a modestly successful author, even before starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great", "and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton. Knutzen dissuaded Kant from the theory of pre-established harmony, which he regarded as \"the pillow for the lazy mind\". He also dissuaded Kant from idealism, the idea that reality is purely mental, which most philosophers in the 18th century regarded negatively. The theory of transcendental idealism that Kant later included in the Critique of Pure Reason was developed partially in opposition to traditional idealism.\nKant had contacts with students, colleagues, friends and diners who frequented the local Masonic lodge.His father's stroke and subsequent death in 1746 interrupted his studies. Kant left Königsberg shortly after August", "2005, the university was renamed Immanuel Kant State University of Russia. The name change was announced at a ceremony attended by President Vladimir Putin of Russia and Chancellor Gerhard Schröder of Germany, and the university formed a Kant Society, dedicated to the study of Kantianism. The university was again renamed in the 2010s, to Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University.\n\nPhilosophy\nLike many of his contemporaries, Kant was greatly impressed with the scientific advances made by Newton and others. This new evidence of the power of human reason, however, called into question for many the traditional authority of politics and religion. In particular, the modern mechanistic view of the world called into", "preeminent status in eighteenth-century philosophy. There were several journals devoted solely to defending and criticizing Kantian philosophy. Despite his success, philosophical trends were moving in another direction. Many of Kant's most important disciples and followers (including Reinhold, Beck, and Fichte) transformed the Kantian position. The progressive stages of revision of Kant's teachings marked the emergence of German idealism. Kant opposed these developments and publicly denounced Fichte in an open letter in 1799. It was one of his final acts expounding a stance on philosophical questions.\nIn 1800, a student of Kant named Gottlob Benjamin Jäsche (1762–1842) published a manual of logic for teachers called", "Artifacts previously owned by Kant, known as Kantiana, were included in the Königsberg City Museum. However, the museum was destroyed during World War II. A replica of the statue of Kant that in German times stood in front of the main University of Königsberg building was donated by a German entity in the early 1990s and placed in the same grounds.\nAfter the expulsion of Königsberg's German population at the end of World War II, the University of Königsberg where Kant taught was replaced by the Russian-language Kaliningrad State University, which appropriated the campus and surviving buildings. In 2005, the university was renamed Immanuel Kant State University of", "Schelling, Hegel, and Novalis during the 1780s and 1790s.\n\nSamuel Taylor Coleridge was greatly influenced by Kant and helped to spread awareness of him, and of German Idealism generally, in the UK and the US. In his Biographia Literaria (1817), he credits Kant's ideas in coming to believe that the mind is not a passive, but an active agent in the apprehension of reality.\nHegel was one of Kant's first major critics. In Hegel's view the entire project of setting a \"transcendental subject\" (i.e., human consciousness) apart from the living individual as well as from nature, history, and society was fundamentally flawed, although parts" ]

[ "starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great aptitude for study at an early age. He first attended the Collegium Fridericianum, from which he graduated at the end of the summer of 1740. In 1740, aged 16, he enrolled at the University of Königsberg, where he would later remain for the rest of his professional life. He studied the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff under Martin Knutzen (Associate Professor of Logic and Metaphysics from 1734 until he died in 1751), a rationalist who was also familiar with developments in British philosophy and science and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton." ]

[ "of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737), was born in Königsberg to a father from Nuremberg. Her surname is sometimes erroneously given as Porter. Kant's father, Johann Georg Kant (1682–1746), was a German harness-maker from Memel, at the time Prussia's most northeastern city (now Klaipėda, Lithuania). It is possible that the Kants got their name from the village of Kantvainiai (German: Kantwaggen – today part of Priekulė) and were of Kursenieki origin.Baptized Emanuel, Kant later changed the spelling of his name to Immanuel after learning Hebrew. He was the fourth of nine children (six of whom reached", "of disinterested judgment. Kant's religious views were deeply connected to his moral theory. Their exact nature, however, remains in dispute. He hoped that perpetual peace could be secured through an international federation of republican states and international cooperation. His cosmopolitan reputation, however, is called into question by his promulgation of scientific racism for much of his career, although he altered his views on the subject in the last decade of his life.\n\nBiography\nImmanuel Kant was born on 22 April 1724 into a Prussian German family of Lutheran Protestant faith in Königsberg, East Prussia (since 1946 the Russian city of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737)," ]

[ "When was Immanuel Kant born?", "Immanuel Kant was born on April 22, 1724.", "Where was Immanuel Kant born?", "Immanueel Kant was born in Königsberg, East Prussia.", "Who were Immanuel Kant's parents?", "Immanuel Kant's mother was Anna Regina Reuter and Kant's father was Johann Georg Kant .", "Is there any more information about Immanuel Kant's father?", "Immanuel Kant's father, Johann Georg Kant, was a German harness maker from Memel, at the time Prussia's most northeastern city.", "Did Immanuel Kant have any siblings?", "Immanuel Kant had a brother an a sister: Johann Heinrich Kant and Regina Dorothea Kant", "Where did Immanuel Kant go to school?", "Immanuel Kant first attended the Collegium Fridericianum from which he graduated at the end of the summer of 1740." ]

[ "starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great aptitude for study at an early age. He first attended the Collegium Fridericianum, from which he graduated at the end of the summer of 1740. In 1740, aged 16, he enrolled at the University of Königsberg, where he would later remain for the rest of his professional life. He studied the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff under Martin Knutzen (Associate Professor of Logic and Metaphysics from 1734 until he died in 1751), a rationalist who was also familiar with developments in British philosophy and science and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton.", "Immanuel Kant (22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher and one of the central Enlightenment thinkers. Born in Königsberg, Kant's comprehensive and systematic works in epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics have made him one of the most influential and controversial figures in modern Western philosophy.In his doctrine of transcendental idealism, Kant argued space and time are mere \"forms of intuition\" that structure all experience and that the objects of experience are mere \"appearances\". The nature of things as they are in themselves is unknowable to us. In an attempt to counter the philosophical doctrine of skepticism, he wrote the Critique of Pure", "He was the fourth of nine children (six of whom reached adulthood).The Kant household stressed the pietist values of religious devotion, humility, and a literal interpretation of the Bible. The young Immanuel's education was strict, punitive and disciplinary, and focused on Latin and religious instruction over mathematics and science.In his later years, Kant lived a strictly ordered life. It was said that neighbors would set their clocks by his daily walks. He never married but seems to have had a rewarding social life; he was a popular teacher as well as a modestly successful author, even before starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great", "and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton. Knutzen dissuaded Kant from the theory of pre-established harmony, which he regarded as \"the pillow for the lazy mind\". He also dissuaded Kant from idealism, the idea that reality is purely mental, which most philosophers in the 18th century regarded negatively. The theory of transcendental idealism that Kant later included in the Critique of Pure Reason was developed partially in opposition to traditional idealism.\nKant had contacts with students, colleagues, friends and diners who frequented the local Masonic lodge.His father's stroke and subsequent death in 1746 interrupted his studies. Kant left Königsberg shortly after August", "preeminent status in eighteenth-century philosophy. There were several journals devoted solely to defending and criticizing Kantian philosophy. Despite his success, philosophical trends were moving in another direction. Many of Kant's most important disciples and followers (including Reinhold, Beck, and Fichte) transformed the Kantian position. The progressive stages of revision of Kant's teachings marked the emergence of German idealism. Kant opposed these developments and publicly denounced Fichte in an open letter in 1799. It was one of his final acts expounding a stance on philosophical questions.\nIn 1800, a student of Kant named Gottlob Benjamin Jäsche (1762–1842) published a manual of logic for teachers called", "2005, the university was renamed Immanuel Kant State University of Russia. The name change was announced at a ceremony attended by President Vladimir Putin of Russia and Chancellor Gerhard Schröder of Germany, and the university formed a Kant Society, dedicated to the study of Kantianism. The university was again renamed in the 2010s, to Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University.\n\nPhilosophy\nLike many of his contemporaries, Kant was greatly impressed with the scientific advances made by Newton and others. This new evidence of the power of human reason, however, called into question for many the traditional authority of politics and religion. In particular, the modern mechanistic view of the world called into", "Artifacts previously owned by Kant, known as Kantiana, were included in the Königsberg City Museum. However, the museum was destroyed during World War II. A replica of the statue of Kant that in German times stood in front of the main University of Königsberg building was donated by a German entity in the early 1990s and placed in the same grounds.\nAfter the expulsion of Königsberg's German population at the end of World War II, the University of Königsberg where Kant taught was replaced by the Russian-language Kaliningrad State University, which appropriated the campus and surviving buildings. In 2005, the university was renamed Immanuel Kant State University of", "Schelling, Hegel, and Novalis during the 1780s and 1790s.\n\nSamuel Taylor Coleridge was greatly influenced by Kant and helped to spread awareness of him, and of German Idealism generally, in the UK and the US. In his Biographia Literaria (1817), he credits Kant's ideas in coming to believe that the mind is not a passive, but an active agent in the apprehension of reality.\nHegel was one of Kant's first major critics. In Hegel's view the entire project of setting a \"transcendental subject\" (i.e., human consciousness) apart from the living individual as well as from nature, history, and society was fundamentally flawed, although parts" ]

[ "starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great aptitude for study at an early age. He first attended the Collegium Fridericianum, from which he graduated at the end of the summer of 1740. In 1740, aged 16, he enrolled at the University of Königsberg, where he would later remain for the rest of his professional life. He studied the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff under Martin Knutzen (Associate Professor of Logic and Metaphysics from 1734 until he died in 1751), a rationalist who was also familiar with developments in British philosophy and science and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton." ]

[ "of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737), was born in Königsberg to a father from Nuremberg. Her surname is sometimes erroneously given as Porter. Kant's father, Johann Georg Kant (1682–1746), was a German harness-maker from Memel, at the time Prussia's most northeastern city (now Klaipėda, Lithuania). It is possible that the Kants got their name from the village of Kantvainiai (German: Kantwaggen – today part of Priekulė) and were of Kursenieki origin.Baptized Emanuel, Kant later changed the spelling of his name to Immanuel after learning Hebrew. He was the fourth of nine children (six of whom reached", "of disinterested judgment. Kant's religious views were deeply connected to his moral theory. Their exact nature, however, remains in dispute. He hoped that perpetual peace could be secured through an international federation of republican states and international cooperation. His cosmopolitan reputation, however, is called into question by his promulgation of scientific racism for much of his career, although he altered his views on the subject in the last decade of his life.\n\nBiography\nImmanuel Kant was born on 22 April 1724 into a Prussian German family of Lutheran Protestant faith in Königsberg, East Prussia (since 1946 the Russian city of Kaliningrad). His mother, Anna Regina Reuter (1697–1737),", "starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great aptitude for study at an early age. He first attended the Collegium Fridericianum, from which he graduated at the end of the summer of 1740. In 1740, aged 16, he enrolled at the University of Königsberg, where he would later remain for the rest of his professional life. He studied the philosophy of Gottfried Leibniz and Christian Wolff under Martin Knutzen (Associate Professor of Logic and Metaphysics from 1734 until he died in 1751), a rationalist who was also familiar with developments in British philosophy and science and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton.", "Immanuel Kant (22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher and one of the central Enlightenment thinkers. Born in Königsberg, Kant's comprehensive and systematic works in epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, and aesthetics have made him one of the most influential and controversial figures in modern Western philosophy.In his doctrine of transcendental idealism, Kant argued space and time are mere \"forms of intuition\" that structure all experience and that the objects of experience are mere \"appearances\". The nature of things as they are in themselves is unknowable to us. In an attempt to counter the philosophical doctrine of skepticism, he wrote the Critique of Pure", "He was the fourth of nine children (six of whom reached adulthood).The Kant household stressed the pietist values of religious devotion, humility, and a literal interpretation of the Bible. The young Immanuel's education was strict, punitive and disciplinary, and focused on Latin and religious instruction over mathematics and science.In his later years, Kant lived a strictly ordered life. It was said that neighbors would set their clocks by his daily walks. He never married but seems to have had a rewarding social life; he was a popular teacher as well as a modestly successful author, even before starting on his major philosophical works.\n\nYoung scholar\nKant showed a great", "and introduced Kant to the new mathematical physics of Isaac Newton. Knutzen dissuaded Kant from the theory of pre-established harmony, which he regarded as \"the pillow for the lazy mind\". He also dissuaded Kant from idealism, the idea that reality is purely mental, which most philosophers in the 18th century regarded negatively. The theory of transcendental idealism that Kant later included in the Critique of Pure Reason was developed partially in opposition to traditional idealism.\nKant had contacts with students, colleagues, friends and diners who frequented the local Masonic lodge.His father's stroke and subsequent death in 1746 interrupted his studies. Kant left Königsberg shortly after August", "2005, the university was renamed Immanuel Kant State University of Russia. The name change was announced at a ceremony attended by President Vladimir Putin of Russia and Chancellor Gerhard Schröder of Germany, and the university formed a Kant Society, dedicated to the study of Kantianism. The university was again renamed in the 2010s, to Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University.\n\nPhilosophy\nLike many of his contemporaries, Kant was greatly impressed with the scientific advances made by Newton and others. This new evidence of the power of human reason, however, called into question for many the traditional authority of politics and religion. In particular, the modern mechanistic view of the world called into", "preeminent status in eighteenth-century philosophy. There were several journals devoted solely to defending and criticizing Kantian philosophy. Despite his success, philosophical trends were moving in another direction. Many of Kant's most important disciples and followers (including Reinhold, Beck, and Fichte) transformed the Kantian position. The progressive stages of revision of Kant's teachings marked the emergence of German idealism. Kant opposed these developments and publicly denounced Fichte in an open letter in 1799. It was one of his final acts expounding a stance on philosophical questions.\nIn 1800, a student of Kant named Gottlob Benjamin Jäsche (1762–1842) published a manual of logic for teachers called", "Artifacts previously owned by Kant, known as Kantiana, were included in the Königsberg City Museum. However, the museum was destroyed during World War II. A replica of the statue of Kant that in German times stood in front of the main University of Königsberg building was donated by a German entity in the early 1990s and placed in the same grounds.\nAfter the expulsion of Königsberg's German population at the end of World War II, the University of Königsberg where Kant taught was replaced by the Russian-language Kaliningrad State University, which appropriated the campus and surviving buildings. In 2005, the university was renamed Immanuel Kant State University of", "wrote Observations on the Feeling of the Beautiful and Sublime; he was second to Moses Mendelssohn in a Berlin Academy prize competition with his Inquiry Concerning the Distinctness of the Principles of Natural Theology and Morality (often referred to as \"The Prize Essay\"). In 1766 Kant wrote a critical piece on Emanuel Swedenborg's Dreams of a Spirit-Seer.\nIn 1770, Kant was appointed Full Professor of Logic and Metaphysics at the University of Königsberg. In defense of this appointment, Kant wrote his inaugural dissertation On the Form and Principles of the Sensible and the Intelligible World This work saw the emergence of several central themes of his mature work, including" ]

[ "When was Immanuel Kant born?", "Immanuel Kant was born on April 22, 1724.", "Where was Immanuel Kant born?", "Immanueel Kant was born in Königsberg, East Prussia.", "Who were Immanuel Kant's parents?", "Immanuel Kant's mother was Anna Regina Reuter and Kant's father was Johann Georg Kant .", "Is there any more information about Immanuel Kant's father?", "Immanuel Kant's father, Johann Georg Kant, was a German harness maker from Memel, at the time Prussia's most northeastern city.", "Did Immanuel Kant have any siblings?", "Immanuel Kant had a brother an a sister: Johann Heinrich Kant and Regina Dorothea Kant", "Where did Immanuel Kant go to school?", "Immanuel Kant first attended the Collegium Fridericianum from which he graduated at the end of the summer of 1740.", "Did Immanuel Kant go to college?", "In 1740, aged 16, Immanuel Kant enrolled at the University of Königsberg, where he spent his whole career." ]

[]

[ "of the thoroughness of Kant's paradigm shift, his influence extends well beyond this to thinkers who neither specifically refer to his work nor use his terminology.\n\nBibliography\nUnless otherwise noted, all citations are to The Cambridge Edition of the Works of Immanuel Kant in English Translation, 16 vols., ed. Guyer, Paul, and Wood, Allen W. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. Citations in the article are to individual works per abbreviations in List of Major works below.\n\nLectures on Logic. Ed. and trans. J. Michael Young. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.\nOpus postumum. Ed. Eckart Förster, trans. Eckart Förster and Michael Rosen. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press," ]

[ "in movies or appear in other media. Though he described himself as a media-friendly person, he added, \"I avoid starring in movies, appear on magazine covers. I love boxing, and I don't want to divert from it. Right now my sports career is more important for me.\"\n\nProfessional boxing record\nPay-per-view bouts\nProfessional boxing\nTotals (approximate): 3,475,000 buys and $268,000,000 in revenue.\n\nSee also\nList of world middleweight boxing champions\n\nReferences\nVideo references\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Gennady Golovkin from BoxRec (registration required)\nGennadiy Golovkin Partial Record from Amateur Boxing Results\nGennadiy Golovkin record from Sportenote.com\nGennady Golovkin at Olympics at Sports-Reference.com (archived)\nGennady", "(North Jersey).\nRaab, Selwyn (October 30, 1974). \"Two in Court Recant 1967 Testimony That Helped Convict Carter and Artis\". New York Times. Retrieved April 24, 2020.\nWice, Paul B (2000). Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter and the American Justice System. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-2864-9.\n\"Carter v. Rafferty\" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-04-24.\n\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Rubin Carter from BoxRec (registration required)\nRubin Carter at IMDb\nAppearances on C-SPAN", "Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter (May 6, 1937 – April 20, 2014) was an American middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.\nIn 1966, Carter, and his co-accused, John Artis, were arrested for a triple homicide which was committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, United States. Shortly after the killings at 2:30 am, a car, carrying Carter, Artis, and a third man, was stopped by police outside the bar while its occupants were on their way home from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their", "A few months after completing basic training at Fort Jackson, South Carolina, he was sent to West Germany. While in Germany, Carter began to box for the Army. He was discharged in 1956 as unfit for service, after four courts-martial. Shortly after his discharge, he returned home to New Jersey, was convicted of two muggings and sent to prison.\n\nBoxing career\nAfter his release from prison in September 1961, Carter became a professional boxer. At 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m), Carter was shorter than the average middleweight, but he fought all of his professional career at 155–160 lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power" ]

[ "What was Rubin Carter's boxing career like?", "Rubin Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins, 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights, with 19 total knockouts.", "Who were some of the people Rubin Carter fought?", "Rubin Carter defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton." ]

[ "in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion Emile Griffith twice in the first round and scoring a technical knockout. That win resulted in The Ring's ranking of Carter as the number three contender for Joey Giardello's world middleweight title. Carter won two more fights (one a decision over future heavyweight champion Jimmy Ellis) in 1964, before meeting Giardello in Philadelphia for a 15-round championship match on December 14. Carter landed a few solid rights to the head in the fourth round that left Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and", "was starting to settle into him, but when you see three or four of them, it is hard to carry on.\" Golovkin stated although Brook fought like a true champion, he was not a middleweight.According to Compubox stats, Golovkin landed 133 of his 301 punches thrown (44.2%), whilst Brook landed 85 punches, having thrown 261 (32.6%). The fight was aired live on HBO in the afternoon and drew an average of 843,000 viewers and peaked at 907,000 viewers. This was considered by HBO to be a huge success for an afternoon showing. A replay was shown later in the evening as part of the world", "lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power (resulting in many early-round knockouts) drew attention, establishing him as a crowd favorite and earning him the nickname \"Hurricane\". After he defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton—the boxing world took notice. The Ring first listed him as one of its \"Top 10\" middleweight contenders in July 1963. At the end of 1965, they ranked him as the number five middleweight.He fought six times in 1963, winning four bouts and losing two. He remained ranked in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20,", "Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot was fired in his hotel room.Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins with 19 total knockouts (8 KOs and 11 TKOs), 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights. He received an honorary championship title belt from the World Boxing Council in 1993 (as did Joey Giardello at the same banquet) and was later inducted into the New Jersey Boxing Hall of Fame.\n\nArrest and conviction\nAt approximately 2:30 AM on June 17, 1966, two men entered the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, and began shooting. The bartender, James Oliver, and a customer, Fred", "by defeating Sergiy Derevyanchenko in 2019, and regained his WBA (Super) title by defeating Ryōta Murata in 2022.\nA calculating pressure fighter, Golovkin is known for his exceptionally powerful and precise punching, balance, and methodical movement inside the ring. With a streak of 23 knockouts that spanned from 2008 to 2017, he holds the highest knockout-to-win ratio – 88.0% – in middleweight championship history. Golovkin is also said to have one of the most durable chins in boxing history, having never been knocked down or otherwise stopped in a total of 395 fights, 45 as a professional and 350 as an amateur. \nIn his amateur", "Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and Giardello took control of the fight in the fifth round. The judges decided unanimously in favor of Giardello.After that fight, Carter's ranking in The Ring began to decline. He fought nine times in 1965, winning five but losing three of four against contenders Luis Manuel Rodríguez, Dick Tiger, and Harry Scott. Tiger, in particular, floored Carter three times in their match. \"It was\", Carter said, \"the worst beating that I took in my life—inside or outside the ring\". During his visit to London to fight Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot" ]

[ "in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion Emile Griffith twice in the first round and scoring a technical knockout. That win resulted in The Ring's ranking of Carter as the number three contender for Joey Giardello's world middleweight title. Carter won two more fights (one a decision over future heavyweight champion Jimmy Ellis) in 1964, before meeting Giardello in Philadelphia for a 15-round championship match on December 14. Carter landed a few solid rights to the head in the fourth round that left Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and" ]

[]

[ "What was Rubin Carter's boxing career like?", "Rubin Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins, 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights, with 19 total knockouts.", "Who were some of the people Rubin Carter fought?", "Rubin Carter defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton.", "What was Rubin Carter's best fight?", "Rubin Carter's best fight was probably against Emile Griffith, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion twice in the first round and scoring a TKO." ]

[ "in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion Emile Griffith twice in the first round and scoring a technical knockout. That win resulted in The Ring's ranking of Carter as the number three contender for Joey Giardello's world middleweight title. Carter won two more fights (one a decision over future heavyweight champion Jimmy Ellis) in 1964, before meeting Giardello in Philadelphia for a 15-round championship match on December 14. Carter landed a few solid rights to the head in the fourth round that left Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and", "Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter (May 6, 1937 – April 20, 2014) was an American middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.\nIn 1966, Carter, and his co-accused, John Artis, were arrested for a triple homicide which was committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, United States. Shortly after the killings at 2:30 am, a car, carrying Carter, Artis, and a third man, was stopped by police outside the bar while its occupants were on their way home from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their", "in movies or appear in other media. Though he described himself as a media-friendly person, he added, \"I avoid starring in movies, appear on magazine covers. I love boxing, and I don't want to divert from it. Right now my sports career is more important for me.\"\n\nProfessional boxing record\nPay-per-view bouts\nProfessional boxing\nTotals (approximate): 3,475,000 buys and $268,000,000 in revenue.\n\nSee also\nList of world middleweight boxing champions\n\nReferences\nVideo references\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Gennady Golovkin from BoxRec (registration required)\nGennadiy Golovkin Partial Record from Amateur Boxing Results\nGennadiy Golovkin record from Sportenote.com\nGennady Golovkin at Olympics at Sports-Reference.com (archived)\nGennady", "(North Jersey).\nRaab, Selwyn (October 30, 1974). \"Two in Court Recant 1967 Testimony That Helped Convict Carter and Artis\". New York Times. Retrieved April 24, 2020.\nWice, Paul B (2000). Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter and the American Justice System. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-2864-9.\n\"Carter v. Rafferty\" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-04-24.\n\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Rubin Carter from BoxRec (registration required)\nRubin Carter at IMDb\nAppearances on C-SPAN", "was starting to settle into him, but when you see three or four of them, it is hard to carry on.\" Golovkin stated although Brook fought like a true champion, he was not a middleweight.According to Compubox stats, Golovkin landed 133 of his 301 punches thrown (44.2%), whilst Brook landed 85 punches, having thrown 261 (32.6%). The fight was aired live on HBO in the afternoon and drew an average of 843,000 viewers and peaked at 907,000 viewers. This was considered by HBO to be a huge success for an afternoon showing. A replay was shown later in the evening as part of the world", "A few months after completing basic training at Fort Jackson, South Carolina, he was sent to West Germany. While in Germany, Carter began to box for the Army. He was discharged in 1956 as unfit for service, after four courts-martial. Shortly after his discharge, he returned home to New Jersey, was convicted of two muggings and sent to prison.\n\nBoxing career\nAfter his release from prison in September 1961, Carter became a professional boxer. At 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m), Carter was shorter than the average middleweight, but he fought all of his professional career at 155–160 lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power", "lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power (resulting in many early-round knockouts) drew attention, establishing him as a crowd favorite and earning him the nickname \"Hurricane\". After he defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton—the boxing world took notice. The Ring first listed him as one of its \"Top 10\" middleweight contenders in July 1963. At the end of 1965, they ranked him as the number five middleweight.He fought six times in 1963, winning four bouts and losing two. He remained ranked in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20,", "Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot was fired in his hotel room.Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins with 19 total knockouts (8 KOs and 11 TKOs), 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights. He received an honorary championship title belt from the World Boxing Council in 1993 (as did Joey Giardello at the same banquet) and was later inducted into the New Jersey Boxing Hall of Fame.\n\nArrest and conviction\nAt approximately 2:30 AM on June 17, 1966, two men entered the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, and began shooting. The bartender, James Oliver, and a customer, Fred", "by defeating Sergiy Derevyanchenko in 2019, and regained his WBA (Super) title by defeating Ryōta Murata in 2022.\nA calculating pressure fighter, Golovkin is known for his exceptionally powerful and precise punching, balance, and methodical movement inside the ring. With a streak of 23 knockouts that spanned from 2008 to 2017, he holds the highest knockout-to-win ratio – 88.0% – in middleweight championship history. Golovkin is also said to have one of the most durable chins in boxing history, having never been knocked down or otherwise stopped in a total of 395 fights, 45 as a professional and 350 as an amateur. \nIn his amateur", "Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and Giardello took control of the fight in the fifth round. The judges decided unanimously in favor of Giardello.After that fight, Carter's ranking in The Ring began to decline. He fought nine times in 1965, winning five but losing three of four against contenders Luis Manuel Rodríguez, Dick Tiger, and Harry Scott. Tiger, in particular, floored Carter three times in their match. \"It was\", Carter said, \"the worst beating that I took in my life—inside or outside the ring\". During his visit to London to fight Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot" ]

[ "in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion Emile Griffith twice in the first round and scoring a technical knockout. That win resulted in The Ring's ranking of Carter as the number three contender for Joey Giardello's world middleweight title. Carter won two more fights (one a decision over future heavyweight champion Jimmy Ellis) in 1964, before meeting Giardello in Philadelphia for a 15-round championship match on December 14. Carter landed a few solid rights to the head in the fourth round that left Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and" ]

[ "in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion Emile Griffith twice in the first round and scoring a technical knockout. That win resulted in The Ring's ranking of Carter as the number three contender for Joey Giardello's world middleweight title. Carter won two more fights (one a decision over future heavyweight champion Jimmy Ellis) in 1964, before meeting Giardello in Philadelphia for a 15-round championship match on December 14. Carter landed a few solid rights to the head in the fourth round that left Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and", "Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter (May 6, 1937 – April 20, 2014) was an American middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.\nIn 1966, Carter, and his co-accused, John Artis, were arrested for a triple homicide which was committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, United States. Shortly after the killings at 2:30 am, a car, carrying Carter, Artis, and a third man, was stopped by police outside the bar while its occupants were on their way home from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their", "in movies or appear in other media. Though he described himself as a media-friendly person, he added, \"I avoid starring in movies, appear on magazine covers. I love boxing, and I don't want to divert from it. Right now my sports career is more important for me.\"\n\nProfessional boxing record\nPay-per-view bouts\nProfessional boxing\nTotals (approximate): 3,475,000 buys and $268,000,000 in revenue.\n\nSee also\nList of world middleweight boxing champions\n\nReferences\nVideo references\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Gennady Golovkin from BoxRec (registration required)\nGennadiy Golovkin Partial Record from Amateur Boxing Results\nGennadiy Golovkin record from Sportenote.com\nGennady Golovkin at Olympics at Sports-Reference.com (archived)\nGennady", "(North Jersey).\nRaab, Selwyn (October 30, 1974). \"Two in Court Recant 1967 Testimony That Helped Convict Carter and Artis\". New York Times. Retrieved April 24, 2020.\nWice, Paul B (2000). Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter and the American Justice System. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-2864-9.\n\"Carter v. Rafferty\" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-04-24.\n\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Rubin Carter from BoxRec (registration required)\nRubin Carter at IMDb\nAppearances on C-SPAN", "Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and Giardello took control of the fight in the fifth round. The judges decided unanimously in favor of Giardello.After that fight, Carter's ranking in The Ring began to decline. He fought nine times in 1965, winning five but losing three of four against contenders Luis Manuel Rodríguez, Dick Tiger, and Harry Scott. Tiger, in particular, floored Carter three times in their match. \"It was\", Carter said, \"the worst beating that I took in my life—inside or outside the ring\". During his visit to London to fight Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot", "Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot was fired in his hotel room.Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins with 19 total knockouts (8 KOs and 11 TKOs), 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights. He received an honorary championship title belt from the World Boxing Council in 1993 (as did Joey Giardello at the same banquet) and was later inducted into the New Jersey Boxing Hall of Fame.\n\nArrest and conviction\nAt approximately 2:30 AM on June 17, 1966, two men entered the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, and began shooting. The bartender, James Oliver, and a customer, Fred", "was starting to settle into him, but when you see three or four of them, it is hard to carry on.\" Golovkin stated although Brook fought like a true champion, he was not a middleweight.According to Compubox stats, Golovkin landed 133 of his 301 punches thrown (44.2%), whilst Brook landed 85 punches, having thrown 261 (32.6%). The fight was aired live on HBO in the afternoon and drew an average of 843,000 viewers and peaked at 907,000 viewers. This was considered by HBO to be a huge success for an afternoon showing. A replay was shown later in the evening as part of the world", "lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power (resulting in many early-round knockouts) drew attention, establishing him as a crowd favorite and earning him the nickname \"Hurricane\". After he defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton—the boxing world took notice. The Ring first listed him as one of its \"Top 10\" middleweight contenders in July 1963. At the end of 1965, they ranked him as the number five middleweight.He fought six times in 1963, winning four bouts and losing two. He remained ranked in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20,", "A few months after completing basic training at Fort Jackson, South Carolina, he was sent to West Germany. While in Germany, Carter began to box for the Army. He was discharged in 1956 as unfit for service, after four courts-martial. Shortly after his discharge, he returned home to New Jersey, was convicted of two muggings and sent to prison.\n\nBoxing career\nAfter his release from prison in September 1961, Carter became a professional boxer. At 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m), Carter was shorter than the average middleweight, but he fought all of his professional career at 155–160 lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power", "by defeating Sergiy Derevyanchenko in 2019, and regained his WBA (Super) title by defeating Ryōta Murata in 2022.\nA calculating pressure fighter, Golovkin is known for his exceptionally powerful and precise punching, balance, and methodical movement inside the ring. With a streak of 23 knockouts that spanned from 2008 to 2017, he holds the highest knockout-to-win ratio – 88.0% – in middleweight championship history. Golovkin is also said to have one of the most durable chins in boxing history, having never been knocked down or otherwise stopped in a total of 395 fights, 45 as a professional and 350 as an amateur. \nIn his amateur" ]

[ "What was Rubin Carter's boxing career like?", "Rubin Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins, 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights, with 19 total knockouts.", "Who were some of the people Rubin Carter fought?", "Rubin Carter defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton.", "What was Rubin Carter's best fight?", "Rubin Carter's best fight was probably against Emile Griffith, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion twice in the first round and scoring a TKO.", "Did Rubin Carter make it to the final round?", "Rubin Carter got to the final round and landed a few solid rights and staggered Giardello, but was unable to follow them up, and Giardello took control of the fight." ]

[]

[ "work with AIDWYC and the Innocence Project. Carter received the Abolition Award from Death Penalty Focus in 1996.\n\nProstate cancer and death\nIn March 2012, while attending the International Justice Conference in Burswood, Western Australia, Carter revealed that he had terminal prostate cancer. At the time, doctors gave him between three and six months to live. Beginning shortly after that time, John Artis lived with and cared for Carter, and on April 20, 2014, he confirmed that Carter, at the age of 76, had succumbed to his illness. He was afterwards cremated and his ashes were scattered in part over Cape Cod and in part at a horse farm in" ]

[]

[ "What was Rubin Carter's boxing career like?", "Rubin Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins, 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights, with 19 total knockouts.", "Who were some of the people Rubin Carter fought?", "Rubin Carter defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton.", "What was Rubin Carter's best fight?", "Rubin Carter's best fight was probably against Emile Griffith, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion twice in the first round and scoring a TKO.", "Did Rubin Carter make it to the final round?", "Rubin Carter got to the final round and landed a few solid rights and staggered Giardello, but was unable to follow them up, and Giardello took control of the fight.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article, besides who Rubin Carter fought and what his best fight was?", "Rubin Carter received the Abolition Award from Death Penalty Focus in 1996." ]

[ "in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion Emile Griffith twice in the first round and scoring a technical knockout. That win resulted in The Ring's ranking of Carter as the number three contender for Joey Giardello's world middleweight title. Carter won two more fights (one a decision over future heavyweight champion Jimmy Ellis) in 1964, before meeting Giardello in Philadelphia for a 15-round championship match on December 14. Carter landed a few solid rights to the head in the fourth round that left Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and", "Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter (May 6, 1937 – April 20, 2014) was an American middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.\nIn 1966, Carter, and his co-accused, John Artis, were arrested for a triple homicide which was committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, United States. Shortly after the killings at 2:30 am, a car, carrying Carter, Artis, and a third man, was stopped by police outside the bar while its occupants were on their way home from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their", "(North Jersey).\nRaab, Selwyn (October 30, 1974). \"Two in Court Recant 1967 Testimony That Helped Convict Carter and Artis\". New York Times. Retrieved April 24, 2020.\nWice, Paul B (2000). Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter and the American Justice System. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-2864-9.\n\"Carter v. Rafferty\" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-04-24.\n\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Rubin Carter from BoxRec (registration required)\nRubin Carter at IMDb\nAppearances on C-SPAN", "Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot was fired in his hotel room.Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins with 19 total knockouts (8 KOs and 11 TKOs), 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights. He received an honorary championship title belt from the World Boxing Council in 1993 (as did Joey Giardello at the same banquet) and was later inducted into the New Jersey Boxing Hall of Fame.\n\nArrest and conviction\nAt approximately 2:30 AM on June 17, 1966, two men entered the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, and began shooting. The bartender, James Oliver, and a customer, Fred", "Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and Giardello took control of the fight in the fifth round. The judges decided unanimously in favor of Giardello.After that fight, Carter's ranking in The Ring began to decline. He fought nine times in 1965, winning five but losing three of four against contenders Luis Manuel Rodríguez, Dick Tiger, and Harry Scott. Tiger, in particular, floored Carter three times in their match. \"It was\", Carter said, \"the worst beating that I took in my life—inside or outside the ring\". During his visit to London to fight Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot", "in movies or appear in other media. Though he described himself as a media-friendly person, he added, \"I avoid starring in movies, appear on magazine covers. I love boxing, and I don't want to divert from it. Right now my sports career is more important for me.\"\n\nProfessional boxing record\nPay-per-view bouts\nProfessional boxing\nTotals (approximate): 3,475,000 buys and $268,000,000 in revenue.\n\nSee also\nList of world middleweight boxing champions\n\nReferences\nVideo references\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Gennady Golovkin from BoxRec (registration required)\nGennadiy Golovkin Partial Record from Amateur Boxing Results\nGennadiy Golovkin record from Sportenote.com\nGennady Golovkin at Olympics at Sports-Reference.com (archived)\nGennady", "was starting to settle into him, but when you see three or four of them, it is hard to carry on.\" Golovkin stated although Brook fought like a true champion, he was not a middleweight.According to Compubox stats, Golovkin landed 133 of his 301 punches thrown (44.2%), whilst Brook landed 85 punches, having thrown 261 (32.6%). The fight was aired live on HBO in the afternoon and drew an average of 843,000 viewers and peaked at 907,000 viewers. This was considered by HBO to be a huge success for an afternoon showing. A replay was shown later in the evening as part of the world", "lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power (resulting in many early-round knockouts) drew attention, establishing him as a crowd favorite and earning him the nickname \"Hurricane\". After he defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton—the boxing world took notice. The Ring first listed him as one of its \"Top 10\" middleweight contenders in July 1963. At the end of 1965, they ranked him as the number five middleweight.He fought six times in 1963, winning four bouts and losing two. He remained ranked in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20,", "A few months after completing basic training at Fort Jackson, South Carolina, he was sent to West Germany. While in Germany, Carter began to box for the Army. He was discharged in 1956 as unfit for service, after four courts-martial. Shortly after his discharge, he returned home to New Jersey, was convicted of two muggings and sent to prison.\n\nBoxing career\nAfter his release from prison in September 1961, Carter became a professional boxer. At 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m), Carter was shorter than the average middleweight, but he fought all of his professional career at 155–160 lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power", "by defeating Sergiy Derevyanchenko in 2019, and regained his WBA (Super) title by defeating Ryōta Murata in 2022.\nA calculating pressure fighter, Golovkin is known for his exceptionally powerful and precise punching, balance, and methodical movement inside the ring. With a streak of 23 knockouts that spanned from 2008 to 2017, he holds the highest knockout-to-win ratio – 88.0% – in middleweight championship history. Golovkin is also said to have one of the most durable chins in boxing history, having never been knocked down or otherwise stopped in a total of 395 fights, 45 as a professional and 350 as an amateur. \nIn his amateur" ]

[ "in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion Emile Griffith twice in the first round and scoring a technical knockout. That win resulted in The Ring's ranking of Carter as the number three contender for Joey Giardello's world middleweight title. Carter won two more fights (one a decision over future heavyweight champion Jimmy Ellis) in 1964, before meeting Giardello in Philadelphia for a 15-round championship match on December 14. Carter landed a few solid rights to the head in the fourth round that left Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and" ]

[ "in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion Emile Griffith twice in the first round and scoring a technical knockout. That win resulted in The Ring's ranking of Carter as the number three contender for Joey Giardello's world middleweight title. Carter won two more fights (one a decision over future heavyweight champion Jimmy Ellis) in 1964, before meeting Giardello in Philadelphia for a 15-round championship match on December 14. Carter landed a few solid rights to the head in the fourth round that left Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and", "Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter (May 6, 1937 – April 20, 2014) was an American middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.\nIn 1966, Carter, and his co-accused, John Artis, were arrested for a triple homicide which was committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, United States. Shortly after the killings at 2:30 am, a car, carrying Carter, Artis, and a third man, was stopped by police outside the bar while its occupants were on their way home from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their" ]

[ "What was Rubin Carter's boxing career like?", "Rubin Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins, 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights, with 19 total knockouts.", "Who were some of the people Rubin Carter fought?", "Rubin Carter defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton.", "What was Rubin Carter's best fight?", "Rubin Carter's best fight was probably against Emile Griffith, when he surprised the boxing world by flooring past and future world champion twice in the first round and scoring a TKO.", "Did Rubin Carter make it to the final round?", "Rubin Carter got to the final round and landed a few solid rights and staggered Giardello, but was unable to follow them up, and Giardello took control of the fight.", "Are there any other interesting aspects about this article, besides who Rubin Carter fought and what his best fight was?", "Rubin Carter received the Abolition Award from Death Penalty Focus in 1996.", "Who did Rubin Carter meet?", "Rubin Carter met Joey Giardello, who was the world middleweight champion from 1963 to 1965." ]

[ "Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot was fired in his hotel room.Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins with 19 total knockouts (8 KOs and 11 TKOs), 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights. He received an honorary championship title belt from the World Boxing Council in 1993 (as did Joey Giardello at the same banquet) and was later inducted into the New Jersey Boxing Hall of Fame.\n\nArrest and conviction\nAt approximately 2:30 AM on June 17, 1966, two men entered the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, and began shooting. The bartender, James Oliver, and a customer, Fred", "Giardello staggering, but was unable to follow them up, and Giardello took control of the fight in the fifth round. The judges decided unanimously in favor of Giardello.After that fight, Carter's ranking in The Ring began to decline. He fought nine times in 1965, winning five but losing three of four against contenders Luis Manuel Rodríguez, Dick Tiger, and Harry Scott. Tiger, in particular, floored Carter three times in their match. \"It was\", Carter said, \"the worst beating that I took in my life—inside or outside the ring\". During his visit to London to fight Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot", "(North Jersey).\nRaab, Selwyn (October 30, 1974). \"Two in Court Recant 1967 Testimony That Helped Convict Carter and Artis\". New York Times. Retrieved April 24, 2020.\nWice, Paul B (2000). Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter and the American Justice System. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-2864-9.\n\"Carter v. Rafferty\" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-04-24.\n\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Rubin Carter from BoxRec (registration required)\nRubin Carter at IMDb\nAppearances on C-SPAN", "lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power (resulting in many early-round knockouts) drew attention, establishing him as a crowd favorite and earning him the nickname \"Hurricane\". After he defeated a number of middleweight contenders—such as Florentino Fernandez, Holley Mims, Gomeo Brennan, and George Benton—the boxing world took notice. The Ring first listed him as one of its \"Top 10\" middleweight contenders in July 1963. At the end of 1965, they ranked him as the number five middleweight.He fought six times in 1963, winning four bouts and losing two. He remained ranked in the lower part of the top 10 until December 20,", "in movies or appear in other media. Though he described himself as a media-friendly person, he added, \"I avoid starring in movies, appear on magazine covers. I love boxing, and I don't want to divert from it. Right now my sports career is more important for me.\"\n\nProfessional boxing record\nPay-per-view bouts\nProfessional boxing\nTotals (approximate): 3,475,000 buys and $268,000,000 in revenue.\n\nSee also\nList of world middleweight boxing champions\n\nReferences\nVideo references\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Gennady Golovkin from BoxRec (registration required)\nGennadiy Golovkin Partial Record from Amateur Boxing Results\nGennadiy Golovkin record from Sportenote.com\nGennady Golovkin at Olympics at Sports-Reference.com (archived)\nGennady", "A few months after completing basic training at Fort Jackson, South Carolina, he was sent to West Germany. While in Germany, Carter began to box for the Army. He was discharged in 1956 as unfit for service, after four courts-martial. Shortly after his discharge, he returned home to New Jersey, was convicted of two muggings and sent to prison.\n\nBoxing career\nAfter his release from prison in September 1961, Carter became a professional boxer. At 5 ft 8 in (1.73 m), Carter was shorter than the average middleweight, but he fought all of his professional career at 155–160 lb (70–72.6 kg). His aggressive style and punching power", "was starting to settle into him, but when you see three or four of them, it is hard to carry on.\" Golovkin stated although Brook fought like a true champion, he was not a middleweight.According to Compubox stats, Golovkin landed 133 of his 301 punches thrown (44.2%), whilst Brook landed 85 punches, having thrown 261 (32.6%). The fight was aired live on HBO in the afternoon and drew an average of 843,000 viewers and peaked at 907,000 viewers. This was considered by HBO to be a huge success for an afternoon showing. A replay was shown later in the evening as part of the world", "by defeating Sergiy Derevyanchenko in 2019, and regained his WBA (Super) title by defeating Ryōta Murata in 2022.\nA calculating pressure fighter, Golovkin is known for his exceptionally powerful and precise punching, balance, and methodical movement inside the ring. With a streak of 23 knockouts that spanned from 2008 to 2017, he holds the highest knockout-to-win ratio – 88.0% – in middleweight championship history. Golovkin is also said to have one of the most durable chins in boxing history, having never been knocked down or otherwise stopped in a total of 395 fights, 45 as a professional and 350 as an amateur. \nIn his amateur" ]

[ "Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot was fired in his hotel room.Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins with 19 total knockouts (8 KOs and 11 TKOs), 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights. He received an honorary championship title belt from the World Boxing Council in 1993 (as did Joey Giardello at the same banquet) and was later inducted into the New Jersey Boxing Hall of Fame.\n\nArrest and conviction\nAt approximately 2:30 AM on June 17, 1966, two men entered the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, and began shooting. The bartender, James Oliver, and a customer, Fred" ]

[ "from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their way but, after dropping off the third man, Carter and Artis were stopped and arrested while they were passing the bar a second time, 45 minutes later.\nCarter and Artis were interrogated for 17 hours, released, then re-arrested weeks later. In 1967, they were convicted of all three murders, and given life sentences, to be served in Rahway State Prison; a retrial in 1976 upheld their sentences, but they were overturned in 1985. Prosecutors appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, but declined to try the case a third time after the appeal failed.\nCarter's autobiography, titled The", "that his descriptions of the shooters were drastically different from Artis and Carter's actual appearances.The court also heard testimony from a Carter associate that Passaic County prosecutors had tried to pressure her into testifying against Carter. Prosecutors denied the charge. After deliberating for almost nine hours, the jury again found Carter and Artis guilty of the murders. Judge Leopizzi re-imposed the same sentences on both men: a double life sentence for Carter, a single life sentence for Artis.Artis was released on parole in 1981. Carter's attorneys continued to appeal. In 1982, the Supreme Court of New Jersey affirmed his convictions (4–3). Although the", "over eighteen months in prison for rape and murder until exonerated by DNA evidence.Carter's second marriage was to Lisa Peters. The couple separated later.In 1996, Carter, then 59, was arrested when Toronto police mistakenly identified him as a suspect in his thirties believed to have sold drugs to an undercover officer. He was released after the police realized their error.Carter often served as a motivational speaker. On October 14, 2005, he received two honorary Doctorates of Law, one from York University (Toronto, Ontario, Canada) and one from Griffith University (Brisbane, Queensland, Australia), in recognition of his work with AIDWYC and the Innocence Project. Carter received the", "of other witnesses. Goceljak also doubted whether the prosecution could reintroduce the racially motivated crime theory due to the federal court rulings. A judge granted the motion to dismiss, bringing an end to the legal proceedings.\n\nPost-emancipation\nCarter lived in Toronto, Ontario, where he became a Canadian citizen, and was executive director of the Association in Defence of the Wrongly Convicted (AIDWYC) from 1993 until 2005. Carter resigned when the AIDWYC declined to support Carter's protest of the appointment (to a judgeship) of Susan MacLean, who was the prosecutor of Canadian Guy Paul Morin, who served over eighteen months in prison for rape and murder until exonerated", "a second report was discovered, claiming they failed. After 17 hours of interrogation, they were released. Carter and Artis voluntarily appeared before a grand jury, which found there was no case to answer.\nHowever, several months later, Bello changed his story, after the police discovered why he was in the area, and his theft from the cash register. He positively identified Artis as one of the attackers, while Bradley now came forward to claim Carter was the other; based on this, the two were arrested and indicted. Bello later claimed that in return he was promised the U$10,500 reward offered for catching the killers, though it was never paid.The", "over Cape Cod and in part at a horse farm in Kentucky.In the months leading up to his death, Carter had worked for the exoneration of David McCallum, a Brooklyn man who had been incarcerated since 1985 on charges of murder. Two months before his death, Carter published \"Hurricane Carter's Dying Wish\", an opinion piece in the New York Daily News, in which he asked for an independent review of McCallum's conviction. \"I request only that McCallum be granted a full hearing by the Brooklyn conviction integrity unit, now under the auspices of the new district attorney, Ken Thompson. Knowing what I do, I am certain that when the", "Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter (May 6, 1937 – April 20, 2014) was an American middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.\nIn 1966, Carter, and his co-accused, John Artis, were arrested for a triple homicide which was committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, United States. Shortly after the killings at 2:30 am, a car, carrying Carter, Artis, and a third man, was stopped by police outside the bar while its occupants were on their way home from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their", "she changed this to an accurate description of Carter's car, which had conventional tail-lights with aluminum decoration in a butterfly shape. This aligned with that provided by Bello; the prosecution later suggested the confusion was the result of a misreading of a court transcript by the defense.Having dropped off Royster, Carter was now being driven home by Artis; they were stopped again at 3:00 AM, and ordered to follow the police to the station, where they were arrested. However, variances in descriptions given by Valentine and Bello, the physical characteristics of the attackers provided by the two survivors, lack of forensic evidence, and the timeline provided by the", "confirmed Carter and Artis were still in the Nite Spot at the time of the shootings. The all-white jury convicted both men of first-degree murder, with a recommendation of mercy, so that they were not sentenced to death. Judge Samuel Larner imposed one concurrent and two consecutive life sentences on Carter, and three concurrent life sentences on Artis.\n\nRetrial and release\nIn 1974, Bello and Bradley withdrew their identifications of Carter and Artis, and these recantations were used as the basis for a motion for a new trial. Judge Samuel Larner denied the motion on December 11, saying they \"lacked the ring of truth\".Despite Larner's ruling, Madison", "were taken during the original investigations, and 40 hours of recorded interviews of Carter by the author Ken Klonsky, who cited them in his 2011 book The Eye of the Hurricane.\n\nEarly life\nCarter was born in Clifton, New Jersey in 1937, the fourth of seven children. He later admitted to a troubled relationship with his father, a strict disciplinarian; at the age of eleven, he was sentenced to a juvenile reformatory for assault, having stabbed a man who he alleged had tried to sexually assault him. Carter escaped from the reformatory in 1954 and joined the United States Army. A few months after completing basic training at Fort Jackson, South" ]

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[ "Court of New Jersey affirmed his convictions (4–3). Although the justices felt that the prosecutors should have disclosed Harrelson's oral opinion (about Bello's location at the time of the murders) to the defense, only a minority thought this was material. The majority thus concluded that the prosecution had not withheld information the Brady disclosure law required them to provide to the defense.According to bail bondswoman Carolyn Kelley, in 1975–1976 she helped raise funds to win a second trial for Carter, which resulted in his release on bail in March 1976. On a fund-raising trip the following month, Kelley said the boxer beat her severely over a disputed hotel" ]

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[ "What was Rubin Carter convicted of (the second time)?", "While on a fund-raising trip together, Carolyn Kelley said Rubin Carter beat her severely over a disputed hotel bill." ]

[ "Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter (May 6, 1937 – April 20, 2014) was an American middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.\nIn 1966, Carter, and his co-accused, John Artis, were arrested for a triple homicide which was committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, United States. Shortly after the killings at 2:30 am, a car, carrying Carter, Artis, and a third man, was stopped by police outside the bar while its occupants were on their way home from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their", "Court of New Jersey affirmed his convictions (4–3). Although the justices felt that the prosecutors should have disclosed Harrelson's oral opinion (about Bello's location at the time of the murders) to the defense, only a minority thought this was material. The majority thus concluded that the prosecution had not withheld information the Brady disclosure law required them to provide to the defense.According to bail bondswoman Carolyn Kelley, in 1975–1976 she helped raise funds to win a second trial for Carter, which resulted in his release on bail in March 1976. On a fund-raising trip the following month, Kelley said the boxer beat her severely over a disputed hotel", "of the shooting, a conclusion that contradicted Bello's 1967 trial testimony wherein he had said that he had been on the street at the time of the shooting. Despite this oral report, Harrelson's subsequent written report stated that Bello's 1967 testimony had been truthful.\n\nSecond conviction and appeal\nDuring the new trial in 1976, Alfred Bello repeated his 1967 testimony, identifying Carter and Artis as the two armed men he had seen outside the Lafayette Grill. Bradley refused to cooperate with prosecutors, and neither prosecution nor defense called him as a witness.The defense responded with testimony from multiple witnesses who identified Carter at the locations he claimed to be at", "Kelley said the boxer beat her severely over a disputed hotel bill. The Philadelphia Daily News reported the alleged beating in a front-page story several weeks later, and celebrity support for Carter quickly eroded, though Carter denied the accusation and there was insufficient evidence for legal prosecution. Mae Thelma Basket, whom Carter had married in 1963, divorced him after their second child was born, because she found out that he had been unfaithful to her.\n\nFederal court action\nIn 1985, Carter's attorneys filed a petition for a writ of habeas corpus in federal court. Later that year, Judge Haddon Lee Sarokin of the United States District Court for the District", "from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their way but, after dropping off the third man, Carter and Artis were stopped and arrested while they were passing the bar a second time, 45 minutes later.\nCarter and Artis were interrogated for 17 hours, released, then re-arrested weeks later. In 1967, they were convicted of all three murders, and given life sentences, to be served in Rahway State Prison; a retrial in 1976 upheld their sentences, but they were overturned in 1985. Prosecutors appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, but declined to try the case a third time after the appeal failed.\nCarter's autobiography, titled The", "Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot was fired in his hotel room.Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins with 19 total knockouts (8 KOs and 11 TKOs), 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights. He received an honorary championship title belt from the World Boxing Council in 1993 (as did Joey Giardello at the same banquet) and was later inducted into the New Jersey Boxing Hall of Fame.\n\nArrest and conviction\nAt approximately 2:30 AM on June 17, 1966, two men entered the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, and began shooting. The bartender, James Oliver, and a customer, Fred", "remark that \"it would humiliate the president\" and that a settlement would foil our efforts to bring down the president ... I suppose you could take the position, as [Isikoff] does, that we were working for Jones because we thought Clinton was a lecherous, lying scumbag, but this argument gets a bit circular. You could also say that Juanita Broaddrick's secret motive in accusing Clinton of rape is that she hates Clinton because he raped her. The whole reason we didn't much like Clinton was that we could see he was the sort of man who would haul a low-level government employee like Paula to his hotel", "would haul a low-level government employee like Paula to his hotel room, drop his pants, and say, \"Kiss it.\" You know: Everything his defense said about him at the impeachment trial. It's not like we secretly disliked Clinton because of his administration's position on California's citrus cartels or something, and then set to work on some crazy scheme to destroy him using a pathological intern as our Mata Hari.\nThe case went to court after Jones broke with Coulter and her original legal team, and it was dismissed via summary judgment. The judge ruled that even if her allegations proved true, Jones did not show that she had suffered", "(North Jersey).\nRaab, Selwyn (October 30, 1974). \"Two in Court Recant 1967 Testimony That Helped Convict Carter and Artis\". New York Times. Retrieved April 24, 2020.\nWice, Paul B (2000). Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter and the American Justice System. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-2864-9.\n\"Carter v. Rafferty\" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-04-24.\n\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Rubin Carter from BoxRec (registration required)\nRubin Carter at IMDb\nAppearances on C-SPAN", "a second report was discovered, claiming they failed. After 17 hours of interrogation, they were released. Carter and Artis voluntarily appeared before a grand jury, which found there was no case to answer.\nHowever, several months later, Bello changed his story, after the police discovered why he was in the area, and his theft from the cash register. He positively identified Artis as one of the attackers, while Bradley now came forward to claim Carter was the other; based on this, the two were arrested and indicted. Bello later claimed that in return he was promised the U$10,500 reward offered for catching the killers, though it was never paid.The" ]

[ "Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter (May 6, 1937 – April 20, 2014) was an American middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.\nIn 1966, Carter, and his co-accused, John Artis, were arrested for a triple homicide which was committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, United States. Shortly after the killings at 2:30 am, a car, carrying Carter, Artis, and a third man, was stopped by police outside the bar while its occupants were on their way home from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their" ]

[ "Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter (May 6, 1937 – April 20, 2014) was an American middleweight boxer, wrongfully convicted and imprisoned for murder, until released following a petition of habeas corpus after almost 20 years in prison.\nIn 1966, Carter, and his co-accused, John Artis, were arrested for a triple homicide which was committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, United States. Shortly after the killings at 2:30 am, a car, carrying Carter, Artis, and a third man, was stopped by police outside the bar while its occupants were on their way home from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their", "from a nearby nightclub. They were allowed to go on their way but, after dropping off the third man, Carter and Artis were stopped and arrested while they were passing the bar a second time, 45 minutes later.\nCarter and Artis were interrogated for 17 hours, released, then re-arrested weeks later. In 1967, they were convicted of all three murders, and given life sentences, to be served in Rahway State Prison; a retrial in 1976 upheld their sentences, but they were overturned in 1985. Prosecutors appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court, but declined to try the case a third time after the appeal failed.\nCarter's autobiography, titled The" ]

[ "What was Rubin Carter convicted of (the second time)?", "While on a fund-raising trip together, Carolyn Kelley said Rubin Carter beat her severely over a disputed hotel bill.", "What happened at the Lafayette Grill in 1966 regarding Rubin Carter?", "In 1966, police arrested Rubin Carter and friend John Artis for a triple homicide committed at the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey.", "What was the charge brought against Rubin Carter?", "Rubin Carter and John Artis were accused of entering the Lafayette Bar and Grill at East 18th Street at Lafayette Street in Paterson, New Jersey, and shooting up the place.", "What was the sentence given to Rubin Carter?", "Rubin Carter was sentenced to three consecutive life sentences.", "Did Rubin Carter appeal?", "In 1981, Rubin Carter's attorneys continued to appeal." ]

[ "that his descriptions of the shooters were drastically different from Artis and Carter's actual appearances.The court also heard testimony from a Carter associate that Passaic County prosecutors had tried to pressure her into testifying against Carter. Prosecutors denied the charge. After deliberating for almost nine hours, the jury again found Carter and Artis guilty of the murders. Judge Leopizzi re-imposed the same sentences on both men: a double life sentence for Carter, a single life sentence for Artis.Artis was released on parole in 1981. Carter's attorneys continued to appeal. In 1982, the Supreme Court of New Jersey affirmed his convictions (4–3). Although the", "of the shooting, a conclusion that contradicted Bello's 1967 trial testimony wherein he had said that he had been on the street at the time of the shooting. Despite this oral report, Harrelson's subsequent written report stated that Bello's 1967 testimony had been truthful.\n\nSecond conviction and appeal\nDuring the new trial in 1976, Alfred Bello repeated his 1967 testimony, identifying Carter and Artis as the two armed men he had seen outside the Lafayette Grill. Bradley refused to cooperate with prosecutors, and neither prosecution nor defense called him as a witness.The defense responded with testimony from multiple witnesses who identified Carter at the locations he claimed to be at", "Scott, Carter was involved in an incident in which a shot was fired in his hotel room.Carter's career record in boxing was 27 wins with 19 total knockouts (8 KOs and 11 TKOs), 12 losses, and one draw in 40 fights. He received an honorary championship title belt from the World Boxing Council in 1993 (as did Joey Giardello at the same banquet) and was later inducted into the New Jersey Boxing Hall of Fame.\n\nArrest and conviction\nAt approximately 2:30 AM on June 17, 1966, two men entered the Lafayette Bar and Grill in Paterson, New Jersey, and began shooting. The bartender, James Oliver, and a customer, Fred", "confirmed Carter and Artis were still in the Nite Spot at the time of the shootings. The all-white jury convicted both men of first-degree murder, with a recommendation of mercy, so that they were not sentenced to death. Judge Samuel Larner imposed one concurrent and two consecutive life sentences on Carter, and three concurrent life sentences on Artis.\n\nRetrial and release\nIn 1974, Bello and Bradley withdrew their identifications of Carter and Artis, and these recantations were used as the basis for a motion for a new trial. Judge Samuel Larner denied the motion on December 11, saying they \"lacked the ring of truth\".Despite Larner's ruling, Madison", "(North Jersey).\nRaab, Selwyn (October 30, 1974). \"Two in Court Recant 1967 Testimony That Helped Convict Carter and Artis\". New York Times. Retrieved April 24, 2020.\nWice, Paul B (2000). Rubin \"Hurricane\" Carter and the American Justice System. Rutgers University Press. ISBN 978-0-8135-2864-9.\n\"Carter v. Rafferty\" (PDF). Retrieved 2014-04-24.\n\nExternal links\n\nBoxing record for Rubin Carter from BoxRec (registration required)\nRubin Carter at IMDb\nAppearances on C-SPAN", "began shooting. The bartender, James Oliver, and a customer, Fred Nauyoks, were killed immediately. Hazel Tanis died in a hospital a month later, having suffered multiple wounds from shotgun pellets; a third customer, Willie Marins, survived the attack, despite a head wound that cost him the sight in one eye. When questioned, both told police the shooters had been black males, but neither identified Carter or John Artis.Ten minutes after the murders, around 2:40 AM, a police cruiser stopped Carter and Artis in a rental car, returning from a night out at the Nite Spot, a nearby bar; Carter was in the back, with Artis", "Court of New Jersey affirmed his convictions (4–3). Although the justices felt that the prosecutors should have disclosed Harrelson's oral opinion (about Bello's location at the time of the murders) to the defense, only a minority thought this was material. The majority thus concluded that the prosecution had not withheld information the Brady disclosure law required them to provide to the defense.According to bail bondswoman Carolyn Kelley, in 1975–1976 she helped raise funds to win a second trial for Carter, which resulted in his release on bail in March 1976. On a fund-raising trip the following month, Kelley said the boxer beat her severely over a disputed hotel", "ten-year-old case, Prosecutor Burrell Ives Humphreys decided to try Carter and Artis again. To ensure, as best he could, that he did not use perjured testimony to obtain a conviction, Humphreys had Bello polygraphed—once by Leonard H. Harrelson and a second time by Richard Arther, both well-known and respected experts in the field. Both men concluded that Bello was telling the truth when he said that he had seen Carter outside the Lafayette immediately after the murders.\nHowever, Harrelson also reported orally that Bello had been inside the bar shortly before and at the time of the shooting, a conclusion that contradicted Bello's 1967" ]

[ "that his descriptions of the shooters were drastically different from Artis and Carter's actual appearances.The court also heard testimony from a Carter associate that Passaic County prosecutors had tried to pressure her into testifying against Carter. Prosecutors denied the charge. After deliberating for almost nine hours, the jury again found Carter and Artis guilty of the murders. Judge Leopizzi re-imposed the same sentences on both men: a double life sentence for Carter, a single life sentence for Artis.Artis was released on parole in 1981. Carter's attorneys continued to appeal. In 1982, the Supreme Court of New Jersey affirmed his convictions (4–3). Although the" ]

[ "also announced that Sparks was now a part of the Louder than Life roster. In an article with Music Connection, Remi also announced he would be producing Sparks's upcoming album. During a promotional tour for the movie, Left Behind, Sparks announced that she was in the finishing stages of her new album. Sparks also confirmed that she was no longer with her previous label, RCA Records, and stated that her single was due by the end of the year, with an album release in 2015. Sparks then mentioned that she and her label were picking the first single, first look, and deciding on the album name.On September 30, 2014, Sparks's", "\"We were willing to scrap months of work on songs, which is one of the reasons it took so long. We recorded maybe 30 songs.\" During an interview with indie music magazine Under The Radar in October 2007, Deasy stated: \"We wrote about 30 songs for this album, and a lot of the songs we discarded. They weren’t poor songs. They were perfectly good songs, but they were songs that could have fit on the first or the second album a little too easily.\"More new material was written, including \"Midnight Choir\" which became the opening track for Teenager and was also released as a single. At the suggestion of", "The self-titled Deftones was released on May 20, 2003. It entered the Billboard 200 at No. 2 and sold 167,000 copies in its first week. The album remained in the Billboard Top 100 for nine weeks, supported by the first single, \"Minerva\". The band shot a video for the album's second single, \"Hexagram\", with fans watching the band play the song in an indoor skatepark in Simi Valley, California.Reviews were mainly positive, praising the band for the album's progression and originality in the midst of declining creativity in contemporary metal. Moreno was quoted as saying, \"It's all on record. We told motherfuckers not to", "Available within forty-five minutes of its recording, hours later it had achieved number one on the UK Official Download Chart.In December 2020, the release of his album McCartney III and its subsequent charting at number 2 on the US Billboard 200 earned McCartney the feat of being the first artist to have a new album in the top two chart positions in each of the last six decades.\n\nAwards and honours\n18-time Grammy Award winner:\nNine as a member of the Beatles\nSix as a solo artist\nTwo as a member of Wings\nOne as part of a joint collaboration\nTwo-time inductee – Rock and Roll Hall of Fame:\nClass of 1988 as a member of the", "than previous albums. Anthony played bass on three songs, with Eddie playing the bass parts for the six other songs that featured bass. Anthony is credited as a songwriter for the album along with the rest of the band. Anthony performed with the band for the 1998 tour, and was credited on messages from the band thereafter. He participated in the band's three reunion efforts with David Lee Roth in 1996, 2000 and 2001 (with the latter resulting in early versions of A Different Kind of Truth tracks). Anthony's name was also credited in a few band newsletters and appeared in band interviews during this time. Sometime after this, Anthony disappeared", "It\" (censored radio edit) – 3:41\n\"Been It\" (radio edit) – 3:40\n\"Blah Blah Blah\" – 2:58\n\"Losers\" (First Try) – 3:15UK limited-edition 7-inch single (Stockholm/Trampolene: 575 966–7)A. \"Been It\" (censored radio edit) – 3:41\nB. \"Been It\" (radio edit) – 3:40US 12-inch single (Mercury: 314 571 279–1)\"Been It\" (Tee's Freeze Mix) – 6:59\n\"Been It\" (Tee's Inhouse Vocal) – 6:15\n\"Lovefool\" (Tee's Indeep Mix) – 7:56\n\"Lovefool\" (Tee's Freeze Club) – 7:10Canadian and US CD single (Trampolene/Stockholm/Mercury: 314 571 279–2)\"Been", "\"We've made so many records and we clearly know how to make a record and we definitely didn't take the easy way out this time.\"\nThe first single from the new album was revealed to be titled \"Heavy\" and features pop singer Kiiara, the first time the band has featured a female vocalist on an original song for a studio album. The lyrics for the song were co-written by Linkin Park with Julia Michaels and Justin Tranter. The single was released for download on February 16. As they have done in the past, Linkin Park had cryptic messages online in relation to the new album. The album cover was revealed", "song live during a scene as themselves.The album spent 21 weeks on the Billboard Heatseekers chart, reaching a peak position of 23. When asked what he attributed the album's success to, Cheng responded, \"One word: perseverance. We've been together for almost eight years, on the road for two, and we do it with honesty and integrity—and the kids can tell\". The album was certified gold by the RIAA on July 7, 1999, and was certified platinum on September 23, 2008.Regarding the recording of the album, Cunningham said, \"At the time we did the first record—which I really like and think is good—you can tell the", "pair were already accomplished young musicians before joining the band. Lastly, Van Vliet claimed to have gone a year and half without sleeping. When asked how this was possible, he claimed to have only eaten fruit.Critic Steve Huey of AllMusic writes that the album's influence \"was felt more in spirit than in direct copycatting, as a catalyst rather than a literal musical starting point. However, its inspiring reimagining of what was possible in a rock context laid the groundwork for countless experiments in rock surrealism to follow, especially during the punk and new wave era.\" In 2003, the album was ranked sixtieth by Rolling Stone in their list", "to 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic). About writing the album, Dylan says, \"I was just also writing during a time when the world felt like it was falling apart. That changes the way you address even the simplest things, because you have panic in your mind all the time. You have anxiety. And you also have hope. And it’s all in there\".\n\nBand members\nTimeline\nDiscography\nStudio albums\n\nThe Wallflowers (1992)\nBringing Down the Horse (1996)\n(Breach) (2000)\nRed Letter Days (2002)\nRebel, Sweetheart (2005)\nGlad All Over (2012)\nExit Wounds (2021)\n\nReferences\nExternal links\n\nOfficial website \nTrouser Press entry" ]

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[ "Weather Report is the debut studio album by American jazz fusion band Weather Report, released on May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records. The album was reissued by Sony and digitally remastered by Vic Anesini in November 1991 at Sony Music Studios in New York City.\n\nLiner notes\nWriting on the back sleeve of the album, Clive Davis, the then president of Columbia Records, opines: \"There have always been two kinds of musicians-those who create and those who imitate. Weather Report creates. It is that rare thing in music, an original […] Together these gifted young musicians have created Weather Report, a soundtrack for the mind, the imagination, for opening up heads" ]

[ "Weather Report is the debut studio album by American jazz fusion band Weather Report, released on May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records. The album was reissued by Sony and digitally remastered by Vic Anesini in November 1991 at Sony Music Studios in New York City.\n\nLiner notes\nWriting on the back sleeve of the album, Clive Davis, the then president of Columbia Records, opines: \"There have always been two kinds of musicians-those who create and those who imitate. Weather Report creates. It is that rare thing in music, an original […] Together these gifted young musicians have created Weather Report, a soundtrack for the mind, the imagination, for opening up heads", "approaching a time warp.\"\n\nTrack listing\nPersonnel\nCredits for Weather Report adapted from liner notes.Weather Report\n\nJoe Zawinul – electric and acoustic piano\nWayne Shorter – soprano saxophone\nMiroslav Vitouš – electric and acoustic bass\nAlphonse Mouzon – drums, voice\nAirto Moreira – percussionOther musicians\n\nBarbara Burton – percussion (uncredited)\nDon Alias – percussion (uncredited)Technical\n\nWayne Tarnowski – engineering\nEd Lee – cover design\nEd Freeman – cover photography\nShoviza Productions, Inc. – production\n\nAwards\n\"Jazz Album of the Year\", DownBeat Readers Poll.\nSwing Journal magazine Grand Prix Award (a gold record given for winning the Journal's Readers' and Critics' polls).\n\nReferences\n\n\n== External links ==", "used on In the Aeroplane Over the Sea. Schneider claimed that the nonlinearities of microphone distortion gave the album its unique \"warm\" quality.In the Aeroplane Over the Sea was released on February 10, 1998. Merge pressed 5,500 CD and 1,600 vinyl copies, and expected sales to be similar to On Avery Island. These initial projections were correct, as the album sold moderately well for the first few months. Critical responses to In the Aeroplane Over the Sea were mostly positive, but not laudatory. Rob Brunner of Entertainment Weekly praised the unique instrumentation and \"bouncy pop melodies\", but described some of the songs as \"lifeless acoustic" ]

[ "What was one of Weather Report's albums?", "Weather Report is the debut studio album by American jazz-fusion band Weather Report, released in May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records.", "What year did Weather Report's self-titled album come out?", "Weather Report's self-titled album was released on May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records." ]

[ "a soundtrack for the mind, the imagination, for opening up heads and hearts.\"\n\nCritical reception\nReviewing in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981), Robert Christgau called the album \"In a Silent Way played mostly for atmosphere\", and went on to write: \"The Milesian demi-jazz of side two sounds pretty finky (no misprint intended), but the tone-poem impressionism of side one does its mysterious work. Highlight: the opening mood piece, 'Milky Way,' in which two Silent Way vets, soprano saxophonist Wayne Shorter and pianist Joe Zawinul, make sounds that suggest a carillon approaching a time warp.\"\n\nTrack listing\nPersonnel\nCredits for Weather Report adapted", "bands in Columbus, Ohio and Ann Arbor, Michigan, then moved to Boston in the early 1970s. In Boston, Ocasek and Orr, along with lead guitarist Jas Goodkind, formed a Crosby, Stills and Nash-style folk rock band called Milkwood. In 1972, they released one album, How's the Weather, on Paramount Records, that failed to chart.\nAfter Milkwood, Ocasek and Orr formed the group Richard and the Rabbits, whose name was suggested by Jonathan Richman. The band included Greg Hawkes, who had studied at the Berklee School of Music and had played saxophone on Milkwood's album. Hawkes left to tour with Martin Mull and His Fabulous", "most of 1979 on tour in the US playing with his California Blues Band. One of these dates in early 1979 included a trip to Cuba to participate in the Havana Jam festival that took place between March 2 and 4, alongside Weather Report, the Trio of Doom, Fania All-Stars, Billy Swan, Bonnie Bramlett, Mike Finnigan, Kris Kristofferson, Rita Coolidge and Billy Joel, as well as an array of Cuban artists such as Irakere, with whom he toured the US after the Havana concerts. His performance is captured on Ernesto Juan Castellanos's documentary Havana Jam '79.\nIn 1979, Stills recorded one of the first entirely digital albums;", "in late 1974. In 1973–1974, Stills was recording another solo album called As I Come Of Age, which was put aside for the CSNY reunion tour. Many songs were used for the 1975 Stills album. In 1974, Stills played bass on, and helped mix his wife's record Le Maudit. He also played bass for her at two concerts in Paris in October 1974.\n\nSigning to Columbia Records and The Stills Young Band (1975–1976)\nStills signed to Columbia Records for three albums: Stills in 1975, Illegal Stills in 1976; and Thoroughfare Gap in 1978. Stills released in June 1975, was the highest-charting release of the three at number 22 on", "was becoming obvious ... [and] as far as Paul was concerned, George [Harrison] could do no right—Paul was absolutely finicky.\"In 1966, the Beatles released the album Revolver. Featuring sophisticated lyrics, studio experimentation, and an expanded repertoire of musical genres ranging from innovative string arrangements to psychedelic rock, the album marked an artistic leap for the Beatles. The first of three consecutive McCartney A-sides, the single \"Paperback Writer\" preceded the LP's release. The Beatles produced a short promotional film for the song, and another for its B-side, \"Rain\". The films, described by Harrison as \"the forerunner of videos\", aired on The Ed Sullivan Show and", "After spending fourteen months working on the album, the band members opted to further refine their album by removing five of the original seventeen tracks. The album's title, a reference to the Doomsday Clock, foreshadowed the band's new lyrical themes. Minutes to Midnight sold over 625,000 copies in its first week, making it one of the most successful debut week albums in recent years. The album also took the top spot on the Billboard Charts.\nThe album's first single, \"What I've Done\", was released on April 2, and premiered on MTV and Fuse within the same week. The single was acclaimed by listeners, becoming the top-ranked song", "Jazz Workshop through the Banff School of Fine Arts in Alberta, Canada. In addition, he has taught workshops and master classes around the world at universities and music schools and is President of the UK-based National Youth Jazz Collective.\n\nDiscography\nAs leader\nConference of the Birds (ECM, 1973) – recorded in 1972\nEmerald Tears (ECM, 1978) – recorded in 1977. solo bass.\nLife Cycle (ECM, 1983) – recorded in 1982. solo cello.\nJumpin' In (ECM, 1983)\nSeeds of Time (ECM, 1984)\nThe Razor's Edge (ECM, 1987)\nTriplicate (ECM, 1988)\nExtensions (ECM, 1990)\nOnes All (VeraBra, 1993) – solo bass\nDream of the Elders (ECM, 1995) –" ]

[ "a soundtrack for the mind, the imagination, for opening up heads and hearts.\"\n\nCritical reception\nReviewing in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981), Robert Christgau called the album \"In a Silent Way played mostly for atmosphere\", and went on to write: \"The Milesian demi-jazz of side two sounds pretty finky (no misprint intended), but the tone-poem impressionism of side one does its mysterious work. Highlight: the opening mood piece, 'Milky Way,' in which two Silent Way vets, soprano saxophonist Wayne Shorter and pianist Joe Zawinul, make sounds that suggest a carillon approaching a time warp.\"\n\nTrack listing\nPersonnel\nCredits for Weather Report adapted" ]

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[ "What was one of Weather Report's albums?", "Weather Report is the debut studio album by American jazz-fusion band Weather Report, released in May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records.", "What year did Weather Report's self-titled album come out?", "Weather Report's self-titled album was released on May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records.", "What was said about Weather Report's self-titled album?", "Reviewing in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies, Robert Christgau called Weather Report's album In a Silent Way played mostly for atmosphere.", "Who helped produce Weather Report's self-titled album?", "Shoviza Productions was the producer of Weather Report's self-titled album" ]

[ "Weather Report is the debut studio album by American jazz fusion band Weather Report, released on May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records. The album was reissued by Sony and digitally remastered by Vic Anesini in November 1991 at Sony Music Studios in New York City.\n\nLiner notes\nWriting on the back sleeve of the album, Clive Davis, the then president of Columbia Records, opines: \"There have always been two kinds of musicians-those who create and those who imitate. Weather Report creates. It is that rare thing in music, an original […] Together these gifted young musicians have created Weather Report, a soundtrack for the mind, the imagination, for opening up heads", "approaching a time warp.\"\n\nTrack listing\nPersonnel\nCredits for Weather Report adapted from liner notes.Weather Report\n\nJoe Zawinul – electric and acoustic piano\nWayne Shorter – soprano saxophone\nMiroslav Vitouš – electric and acoustic bass\nAlphonse Mouzon – drums, voice\nAirto Moreira – percussionOther musicians\n\nBarbara Burton – percussion (uncredited)\nDon Alias – percussion (uncredited)Technical\n\nWayne Tarnowski – engineering\nEd Lee – cover design\nEd Freeman – cover photography\nShoviza Productions, Inc. – production\n\nAwards\n\"Jazz Album of the Year\", DownBeat Readers Poll.\nSwing Journal magazine Grand Prix Award (a gold record given for winning the Journal's Readers' and Critics' polls).\n\nReferences\n\n\n== External links ==", "a soundtrack for the mind, the imagination, for opening up heads and hearts.\"\n\nCritical reception\nReviewing in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981), Robert Christgau called the album \"In a Silent Way played mostly for atmosphere\", and went on to write: \"The Milesian demi-jazz of side two sounds pretty finky (no misprint intended), but the tone-poem impressionism of side one does its mysterious work. Highlight: the opening mood piece, 'Milky Way,' in which two Silent Way vets, soprano saxophonist Wayne Shorter and pianist Joe Zawinul, make sounds that suggest a carillon approaching a time warp.\"\n\nTrack listing\nPersonnel\nCredits for Weather Report adapted", "used on In the Aeroplane Over the Sea. Schneider claimed that the nonlinearities of microphone distortion gave the album its unique \"warm\" quality.In the Aeroplane Over the Sea was released on February 10, 1998. Merge pressed 5,500 CD and 1,600 vinyl copies, and expected sales to be similar to On Avery Island. These initial projections were correct, as the album sold moderately well for the first few months. Critical responses to In the Aeroplane Over the Sea were mostly positive, but not laudatory. Rob Brunner of Entertainment Weekly praised the unique instrumentation and \"bouncy pop melodies\", but described some of the songs as \"lifeless acoustic", "bands in Columbus, Ohio and Ann Arbor, Michigan, then moved to Boston in the early 1970s. In Boston, Ocasek and Orr, along with lead guitarist Jas Goodkind, formed a Crosby, Stills and Nash-style folk rock band called Milkwood. In 1972, they released one album, How's the Weather, on Paramount Records, that failed to chart.\nAfter Milkwood, Ocasek and Orr formed the group Richard and the Rabbits, whose name was suggested by Jonathan Richman. The band included Greg Hawkes, who had studied at the Berklee School of Music and had played saxophone on Milkwood's album. Hawkes left to tour with Martin Mull and His Fabulous", "The last date of the first 1973 Manassas tour was recorded for ABC In Concert. Cashbox magazine ranked Manassas as the number 58 group of 1973. Billboard ranked Down The Road as the number 36 of new album artists.\nIn 1972/73, Stills left the services of David Geffen and set up his own publishing company with Ken Weiss, called Gold Hill Publishing, named after his home in Boulder, Colorado.\n\nSolo and CSNY tours (1974)\nStills spent early 1974 on a sold out East coast tour where he played well respected theatres, including Carnegie Hall. The 1975 live album Stephen Stills Live was made up of recordings from this tour. It was also", "After spending fourteen months working on the album, the band members opted to further refine their album by removing five of the original seventeen tracks. The album's title, a reference to the Doomsday Clock, foreshadowed the band's new lyrical themes. Minutes to Midnight sold over 625,000 copies in its first week, making it one of the most successful debut week albums in recent years. The album also took the top spot on the Billboard Charts.\nThe album's first single, \"What I've Done\", was released on April 2, and premiered on MTV and Fuse within the same week. The single was acclaimed by listeners, becoming the top-ranked song", "was so high for tickets that Barlow added more dates, which also sold out instantly. It was also revealed by ticket marketplace SeatWave, that Gary Barlow's solo shows had sold six times more tickets than Robbie Williams' solo concerts, despite being on sale for a week less.\nIn September 2013, Barlow announced via his Twitter account that he would be releasing his first full-length solo album in 14 years, on 25 November 2013. Barlow encouraged his followers and fans to tweet #GBSOLO to reveal the album artwork and title, with their profile pictures being used to create a collage of the album cover. On 4 October 2013, Barlow revealed his", "most of 1979 on tour in the US playing with his California Blues Band. One of these dates in early 1979 included a trip to Cuba to participate in the Havana Jam festival that took place between March 2 and 4, alongside Weather Report, the Trio of Doom, Fania All-Stars, Billy Swan, Bonnie Bramlett, Mike Finnigan, Kris Kristofferson, Rita Coolidge and Billy Joel, as well as an array of Cuban artists such as Irakere, with whom he toured the US after the Havana concerts. His performance is captured on Ernesto Juan Castellanos's documentary Havana Jam '79.\nIn 1979, Stills recorded one of the first entirely digital albums;", "in late 1974. In 1973–1974, Stills was recording another solo album called As I Come Of Age, which was put aside for the CSNY reunion tour. Many songs were used for the 1975 Stills album. In 1974, Stills played bass on, and helped mix his wife's record Le Maudit. He also played bass for her at two concerts in Paris in October 1974.\n\nSigning to Columbia Records and The Stills Young Band (1975–1976)\nStills signed to Columbia Records for three albums: Stills in 1975, Illegal Stills in 1976; and Thoroughfare Gap in 1978. Stills released in June 1975, was the highest-charting release of the three at number 22 on" ]

[ "Weather Report is the debut studio album by American jazz fusion band Weather Report, released on May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records. The album was reissued by Sony and digitally remastered by Vic Anesini in November 1991 at Sony Music Studios in New York City.\n\nLiner notes\nWriting on the back sleeve of the album, Clive Davis, the then president of Columbia Records, opines: \"There have always been two kinds of musicians-those who create and those who imitate. Weather Report creates. It is that rare thing in music, an original […] Together these gifted young musicians have created Weather Report, a soundtrack for the mind, the imagination, for opening up heads" ]

[ "Weather Report was an American jazz fusion band active from 1970 to 1986. The band was founded in 1970 by Austrian keyboardist Joe Zawinul, American saxophonist Wayne Shorter, Czech bassist Miroslav Vitouš, American drummer Alphonse Mouzon as well as American percussionists Don Alias and Barbara Burton. The band was initially co-led by co-frontmen Joe Zawinul and Wayne Shorter but, subsequently as the 1970s progressed, Joe Zawinul largely became the sole musical leader of the group. Other prominent members at various points in the band's lifespan included Jaco Pastorius, Alphonso Johnson, Victor Bailey, Chester Thompson, Peter Erskine, Airto Moreira, and Alex Acuña. Throughout most", "as \"music beyond category\".In 1972, Weather Report released its second album, I Sing the Body Electric. The first side featured new studio recordings, while the second side was taken from live recordings of a concert in Tokyo, featuring the full-band lineup of Zawinul, Shorter, Vitouš, Eric Gravatt, and Dom Um Romão (and later available in full as the 1972 Japan-only double album Live in Tokyo). The studio side used extended versions of the band including various guest performers, suggesting that Weather Report was not necessarily an integral jazz band, but might possibly work as an expandable project set up to realise the music of its three composers.", "Moreira (yet another Davis alumnus) was brought in to complete the record. Guitarist John McLaughlin was also invited to join the group, but decided to pursue his solo career, instead.\n\n1971–1972: Avant-garde collective\nWeather Report's debut album Weather Report featured a softer sound than would be the case in later years, predominantly using acoustic bass, with Shorter exclusively playing soprano saxophone. It built on the avant-garde experiments which Zawinul and Shorter had pioneered with Miles Davis on Bitches Brew, including an avoidance of head-and-chorus composition in favor of continuous rhythm and movement. DownBeat magazine described the album as \"music beyond category\".In 1972, Weather Report released its second", "variety of sounds and tone colors to make the band stand out. During the first half of their career, Weather Report were seen as one of the defining acts in modern jazz, winning the DownBeat \"best album award\" five times in a row.\nAlongside bands such as Mahavishnu Orchestra, Return to Forever, and Herbie Hancock's Headhunters (all with members inspired by and partially responsible for the fusion-era work of Miles Davis), Weather Report is widely considered one of the defining bands of the jazz fusion genre.\n\nMusical style\nOver their 16-year career, Weather Report explored various types of music, predominantly centered on jazz (initially the \"free\" variety), but also", "Weather Report material in California.\nWeather Report's next album Weather Report (1982) – their second eponymous release following their 1971 debut – was recorded in 1981, although it was not released for another year. Zawinul's dominance as instrumentalist and composer (as well as group director) was even more pronounced on this album. Much of the band's music was increasingly written out rather than improvised. In the event, Pastorius spent more of his creative attention on the Word of Mouth project: his only writing for the Weather Report album being his contribution to a single, group-composed piece. Shorter (who only contributed one whole composition to the 1982 album beyond group-written", "Johnson).\nWith the exception of a brief quartet period between 1978 and 1979 (wherein other members could double on various percussion instruments), Weather Report's instrumentation always included both a drummer and a percussionist. For its first eight years of existence, the group had difficulty finding a permanent drummer, moving through about one drummer per year until Jaco Pastorius helped to recruit Peter Erskine in 1978. Erskine and Omar Hakim were the only drummers who played with Weather Report for more than two years.\n\nHistory\n1970: Inception and formation\nJoe Zawinul and Wayne Shorter had first met and become friends in 1959 while they were playing in Maynard Ferguson's Big Band. Zawinul", "predominantly centered on jazz (initially the \"free\" variety), but also incorporating elements of art music, ethnic music, R&B, funk, and rock. While their work was categorized as \"jazz fusion\", the band members generally distanced themselves from that term.\nFrom the start, Weather Report took the unusual approach of abandoning the traditional \"soloist/accompaniment\" demarcation of straight-ahead jazz and featured opportunities for continuous improvisation by every member of the band. That position remained consistent throughout the life of the band. From the point where Alphonso Johnson joined the band, individual solos became more prominent in concert, but were never allowed to overwhelm the collective approach. Initially, the", "while they were playing in Maynard Ferguson's Big Band. Zawinul went on to play with Cannonball Adderley's group in the 1960s, while Shorter joined Art Blakey's Jazz Messengers and then, in 1964, Miles Davis' second great quintet. During this decade, both men made names for themselves as being among the best composers in jazz.\nZawinul later joined Shorter in contributing to the initial fusion music recordings of Miles Davis, and both men were part of the studio groups that recorded the key Davis albums In a Silent Way (1969) and Bitches Brew (1970). Weather Report was initially formed to explore a more impressionistic and individualistic music (or,", "later described this lineup as \"one of the greatest bands of all time! That band was a hummer!\"Between March 2 and 4, 1979, Weather Report traveled to Havana, Cuba, to participate in the historic Havana Jam festival, a break in mutual Cuban/American political hostilities, which had American artists such as Stephen Stills, the CBS Jazz All-Stars, Bonnie Bramlett, Kris Kristofferson, Rita Coolidge, and Billy Joel play alongside Cuban artists such as Irakere, Pacho Alonso, Tata Güines, and Orquesta Aragón. Another featured performance was by the Trio of Doom (a short-lived teaming of Pastorius with John McLaughlin and Tony Williams). Weather Report's performance" ]

[ "What was one of Weather Report's albums?", "Weather Report is the debut studio album by American jazz-fusion band Weather Report, released in May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records.", "What year did Weather Report's self-titled album come out?", "Weather Report's self-titled album was released on May 12, 1971 by Columbia Records.", "What was said about Weather Report's self-titled album?", "Reviewing in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies, Robert Christgau called Weather Report's album In a Silent Way played mostly for atmosphere.", "Who helped produce Weather Report's self-titled album?", "Shoviza Productions was the producer of Weather Report's self-titled album", "What was weird about Weather Report's self-titled album?", "Although Airto Moreira completed the recording of the debut Weather Report album, his existing commitments to Miles Davis prevented him from performing live with the group." ]

[ "from percussion to the drum kit, and Don Alias was replaced by the young Puerto Rican percussionist Manolo Badrena, who had previously played with various Latin rock bands and with Art Blakey. The band made a very well-received appearance in July at the Montreux Jazz Festival 1976, which was filmed for future release.\n\n1977–1979: Jazz-rock stars\nThe recruitment of Jaco Pastorius helped to push Weather Report to the height of its popularity. Already a rising star in his own right, Pastorius brought a very musical, melodic quality to the bass. He could play muscular, lightning-fast groove lines influenced by R&B or funk, as well as demonstrating an extraordinary" ]

[ "from percussion to the drum kit, and Don Alias was replaced by the young Puerto Rican percussionist Manolo Badrena, who had previously played with various Latin rock bands and with Art Blakey. The band made a very well-received appearance in July at the Montreux Jazz Festival 1976, which was filmed for future release.\n\n1977–1979: Jazz-rock stars\nThe recruitment of Jaco Pastorius helped to push Weather Report to the height of its popularity. Already a rising star in his own right, Pastorius brought a very musical, melodic quality to the bass. He could play muscular, lightning-fast groove lines influenced by R&B or funk, as well as demonstrating an extraordinary" ]