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What is the purpose of the Tokuhashi scoring system?

Tokuhashi scoring system was developed to predict life expectancy of patients with spinal metastases. The revised Tokuhashi score has been widely used to evaluate indications for surgery and predict survival in patients with metastatic spinal disease.

Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an obligate gram-negative, intracellular bacterium, yes or no

Anaplasma phagocytophilum is an obligate gram-negative, intracellular bacterium and causes anaplasmosis

Is Kummell’s disease an avascular necrosis of the vertebral body?

Yes, Kummell’s disease is an avascular necrosis of the vertebral body.

Are long non coding RNAs spliced?

Long non coding RNAs appear to be spliced through the same pathway as the mRNAs

Which enzyme does MLN4924 inhibit?

MLN4924 is an investigational small molecule inhibitor of NEDD8-activating enzyme (NAE).

What is the molecular function of the Chd1 protein?

The ATP-dependent chromatin-remodelling enzyme Chd1 is a 168-kDa protein consisting of a double chromodomain, Snf2-related ATPase domain, and a C-terminal DNA-binding domain. One of the two chromodomains of Chd1 specifically interacts with the methylated lysine 4 mark on histone H3 that is associated with transcriptional activity. Human CHD1 is an ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling protein, as a factor that directly and selectively recognizes histone H3 methylated on lysine 4.

Are there any anti-amyloid antibody approved as drug for Alzheimer's disease treatment?

No new drugs have been approved during the past 15 years; and the available medications are not cost-effective.

What is Achondroplasia?

Achondrogenesis type II also known as Achondroplasia is an autosomal-dominant disease leading to severe micromelic dwarfism

What is the role of ELMO1 gene in cell migration?

ELMO proteins are also known to regulate actin cytoskeleton reorganization through activation of the small GTPbinding protein Rac via the ELMO-Dock180 complex. In mammalian cells, ELMO1 interacts with Dock180 as a component of the CrkII/Dock180/Rac pathway responsible for phagocytosis and cell migration. We also show that Hck and ELMO1 interact in intact cells and that ELMO1 is heavily tyrosine-phosphorylated in cells that co-express Hck, suggesting that it is a substrate of Hck.The ELMO1/DOCK180 complex then forms a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rac1, regulating its activation during cell migration in different biological systems. Rac activation by the ELMO.Dock180 complex at discrete intracellular locations is mediated by the N-terminal 330 amino acids of ELMO1 rather than generalized Rac activation plays a role in cell migration.

What are cancer driver genes?

Recent sequencing and resequencing (i.e., polymorphism identification) efforts have catalyzed the quest for 'driver' mutations (i.e., those genetic alterations which contribute to the transformation of a normal cell to a proliferating cancerous cell) in distinction to 'passenger' mutations which reflect mutations that merely build up in course of normal and unchecked (i.e., cancerous) somatic cell replication and proliferation. Analysis of the frequency of specific mutations across different tumors has been able to identify some, but not all of the mutated genes that contribute to tumor initiation and progression. A subset of these mutations contribute to tumor progression (known as "driver" mutations) whereas the majority of these mutations are effectively neutral (known as "passenger" mutations).

What family do mDia proteins belong in?

mDia proteins are members of the formin family.

Can the Micro-C XL method achieve mononucleosome resolution?

Yes. Micro-C XL is an improved method for analysis of chromosome folding at mononucleosome resolution.

Is nicotinamide effective for skin cancer prevention?

Yes, oral nicotinamide is safe and effective in reducing the rates of new nonmelanoma skin cancers and actinic keratoses in high-risk patients.

Is tivantinib effective for MET-high hepatocellular carcinoma?

No. In phase 3 clinical trials Tivantinib did not improve overall survival compared with placebo in patients with MET-high hepatocellular carcinoma despite promising phase 2 trial results.

What are the 3 types of immunoglobulin heavy chain containing antibodies found in human breast milk?

IgA, IgG, AND IgM can be found in human milk.

When was Afrezza approved by the FDA?

Afrezza was approved by the FDA in June 2014.

Is the Prostate- Specific Antigen (PSA) test relevant only for prostate cancer?

No, although the PSA test can detect high levels of PSA that may indicate the presence of prostate cancer, many other conditions, such as an enlarged or inflamed prostate, can also increase PSA levels.

Synostosis of which cranial structures are characteristic to the Mercedes Benz syndrome?

Synostosis of sagittal and lambdoid structures are characteristic to the Mercedes Benz syndrome.

Is YKL-40 used as a biomarker for Alzheimer's disease?

Yes, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) YKL-40 levels were reported to be a promising candidate biomarker of glial inflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Which genes were found to be methylated in bladder cancer cells?

In bladder cancer, hepaCAM (hepatocyte cell adhesion molecule), RARβ(2), APC, TPEF (transmembrane protein containing epidermal growth factor and follistatin domain), RASSF1A, p14(ARF) and p16 genes were found to be methylated. These methylation events were demostrated to associate with downregulation of gene expression.

Which hormone abnormalities are characteristic to Pendred syndrome?

Thyroid hormone abnormalities are characteristic to Pendred syndrome. Hypothyroidism is the most common thyroid hormone abnormality in Pendred syndrome. Pendred syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by sensorineural deafness, goiter and a partial defect in iodide organification.

Which is the major symptom of the Doose syndrome?

Myoclonic astatic epilepsy is the major symptom of the Doose syndrome, which is a difficult to treat idiopathic generalized epilepsy of early childhood.

Which R packages have been developed for the discovery of mutational signatures in cancer?

signeR: an empirical Bayesian approach to mutational signature discovery. Mutational signatures can be used to understand cancer origins and provide a unique opportunity to group tumor types that share the same origins and result from similar processes. These signatures have been identified from high throughput sequencing data generated from cancer genomes by using non-negative matrix factorisation (NMF) techniques. The extraction of mutational signatures from high-throughput data still remains a daunting task.RESULTS: Here we present a new method for the statistical estimation of mutational signatures based on an empirical Bayesian treatment of the NMF model.

Is lactotransferrin a tumour suppressor?

Lactotransferrin (LTF) has been confirmed to act as a tumor suppressor in multiple cancers.

Is the length of the poly(A) tail involved in human disease?

Yes. Severely truncated poly(A) tails of mitochondrial mRNAs were found to be involved in an autosomal recessive spastic ataxia with optic atrophy.

Which diseases are treated with netarsudil?

In 2 large, randomized, double-masked trials, once-daily dosing of netarsudil 0.02% was found to be effective and well tolerated for the treatment of patients with ocular hypertension and open-angle glaucoma.

What histone variants play a role in the DNA damage reponse?

Mostly H2A.X, but H2A.Z and H1R have also been associated to DNA damage

Was saracatinib being considered as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease in November 2017?

Yes, saracatinib is being studied as a treatment against Alzheimer's Disease. A clinical Phase Ib study has been completed, and a clinical Phase IIa study is ongoing.

Does the Mcm2-Ctf4-Polα axis play a role in transfer of histones to leading strand DNA at the replication forks?

No, the Mcm2-Ctf4-Pola axis facilitates parental histone H3-H4 transfer to lagging strands.

Which hormone receptor function is altered in patients with Donohue syndrome?

Donohue syndrome (leprechaunism) is a rare, recessively inherited disorder of extreme insulin resistance due to mutations in the insulin receptor gene causing either defects in insulin binding or receptor autophosphorylation and tyrosine kinase activity. This syndrome is characterized by excessive hyperglycemia with hyperinsulinism, pre- and postnatal growth retardation, distinct dysmorphism and early death. Progressive obstructive cardiomyopathy and renal tubular dysfunction have been described in patients with Donohue syndrome. Milder form of insulin resistance due to insulin receptor gene mutation is coined as Rabson-Mendenhall syndrome.

Does Panitumumab prolong survival of biliary tract cancer patients?

No. Panitumumab in combination with chemotherapy does not improve survival of biliary cancer patients.

Which scales are recommended by the American Heart Association for depression screening in cardiovascular patients?

Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) are recommended by the American Heart Association for depression screening in cardiovascular patients.

Is MEDI2228 a bispecific antibody?

No, MEDI2228 is an antibody drug conjugate (ADC).

Which proteins control the degradation of cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs) in yeast?

Termination of cryptic unstable transcripts is directed by yeast RNA-binding proteins Nrd1 and Nab3. These cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs) are rapidly degraded by the nuclear exosome. Key substrates for exosomal degradation include aberrant functional RNAs and cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs). Yeast RNA binding proteins Nrd1 and Nab3 direct termination of sn/snoRNAs and recently have also been implicated in premature transcription termination of the NRD1 gene. These results suggest that transcription termination of CUTs directed by Nrd1 and Nab3 is a prerequisite for rapid degradation by the nuclear exosome.

List the common retinal diseases associated with circRNAs.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) in whole blood could be served as novel non-invasive biomarkers for retinal degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP)

Is the consumption of chocolate associated with an increase in cardiovascular disease?

The consumption of natural polyphenol-rich foods, and cocoa in particular, has been related to a reduced risk of CVD, including coronary heart disease and stroke.

What is the principle of the PAR-CLIP methodology?

In particular, PAR-CLIP utilizes a photoactivatable nucleoside for more efficient crosslinking. A recent method, PAR-CLIP, uses photoreactive nucleosides to crosslink RBPs to target RNAs in cells prior to immunoprecipitation. One characteristic feature of cDNA libraries prepared by PAR-CliP is that the precise position of crosslinking can be identified by mutations residing in the sequenced cDNA.

Is there any linear-time and linear-space algorithm for the computation of avoided words in biological sequences?

Yes. There is a linear-time and linear-space algorithm for the computation of avoided words of length k in a given sequence x.

Is Protoporphyrinogen oxidase localized to the mitochondrium?

Yes, Mitochondrial targeting of human protoporphyrinogen oxidase.

What is the purpose of the FaceBase consortium?

The FaceBase Consortium, funded by the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, is designed to accelerate understanding of craniofacial developmental biology by generating comprehensive data resources to empower the research community, exploring high-throughput technology, fostering new scientific collaborations among researchers and human/computer interactions, facilitating hypothesis-driven research and translating science into improved health care to benefit patients.

HER-2 belongs to what family of proteins?

Her-2 belongs to the family of the human epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs).

Is the optogenetics tool ChR2 light-sensitive?

Channelrhodospin-2 (ChR2) is a light-sensitive ion channel that has emerged as new optogenetics tool.

Describe Exploding head syndrome.

Exploding head syndrome is characterized by the perception of abrupt, loud noises when going to sleep or waking up.

Can thiotepa be recommended for treatment of osteosarcoma?

No. Thiotepa did not improve survival of patients with osteosarcoma and therefore can not be recommended for treatment of osteosarcoma.

Which diseases are associated with the Yaa gene?

The Y-linked autoimmune accelerating gene mutation (yaa), first discovered in the BXSB mouse strain, is known to accelerate spontaneous autoantibody production and subsequent development of lupus disease. It has also been shown to be associated with various autoimmune conditions such as lupus-like syndrome, collagen induced arthrits and glomerulonephritis.

Which micro-RNAs (miR) are associated with the human cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene promoter?

MicroRNA-16, miRNA-128, miR-26b, icroRNA-26a, MicroRNA-146b-3p, microRNA-137, mi R-146a, mir-143-5p,microRNA-101, microRNAs-142-3 p, mi r-146p, mir-128 and miR -128 were found to be associated with the human cycloxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene promoter.

Has ivosidenib been FDA approved for use against acute myeloid leukemia?

The FDA approved ivosidenib for patients with IDH1-mutant relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia.

What is the difference between Daptacel and Pentacel?

Pentacel is a combination vaccine equivalent to the combination of Daptacel, IPOL and ActHIB vaccines.

What is the mechanism of action of Gemogenovatucel-T?

Gemogenovatucel-T is an autologous tumour cell vaccine manufactured from harvested tumour tissue, which specifically reduces expression of furin and downstream TGF-β1 and TGF-β2.

Is vocimagene amiretrorepvec effective for glioblastoma?

No. Treatment with vocimagene amiretrorepvec did not improve survival of glioblastoma patients.

Describe Herpetic Whitlow.

Herpetic whitlow is an acute viral infection of the hand caused by either herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1 or 2. Its characteristic findings are significant pain and erythema with overlying nonpurulent vesicles. It can be confirmed by polymerase chain reaction testing.

What type of drug is apixaban?

Apixaban is an anticoagulant.

Which deiodinase polymorphisms are implicated in arterial hypertension?

Two deiodinase polymorphisms are implicated in arterial hypertension: Ala92 type 2 deiodinase allele and rs7140952 polymorphism of DIO2

Is MammaPrint cleared by the United States Food and Drug Administration?

Yes. MammaPrint is cleared by the FDA for breast cancer recurrence.

What phenotype is associated with the V60L mutation in the human MC1R gene?

The characterization of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) expressed on human melanocytes and the findings that certain mutations in the POMC gene or the MC1R gene result in red hair phenotype underscore the significance of melanocortins and MC1R in regulating human pigmentation. We describe a minisequencing protocol for screening DNA samples for the presence of 12 mutations in the human melanocortin 1 receptor gene (MC1R), eight of which are associated with the red hair phenotype. The human MC1R gene is highly polymorphic and certain allelic variants of the gene are associated with red hair phenotype, melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. Thus, at least in Spain, regions at opposite ends of the incident UV-B radiation distribution show significantly different frequencies for the melanoma-risk allele V60L (a mutation also associated to red hair and fair skin and even blonde hair), with higher frequency of V60L at those regions of lower incident UV-B radiation. These loss-of-function mutations have been associated with red hair phenotype and increased risk for skin cancer. Alleles associated with the red hair color (RHC) phenotype and with the risk of melanoma were examined.

What is cluster of differentiation?

Cluster of Differentiation (CD) are cellular antigens used to identify cell populations, such as T-lymphocyte populations and macrophages.

What is the primary indication of tocilizumab?

Tocilizumab is considered first-line treatment for rheumatoid arthritis.

What is the action of molindone?

Molindone is a short-acting antipsychotic. Molindone, along with other antipsychotic drugs which elicit little or no Parkinsonism, bind more loosely than dopamine to D2 receptors. Compared to the tightly bound antipsychotic drugs, the more loosely bound antipsychotics generally require higher clinical doses, require fewer days for clinical adjustment, but may dissociate from the D2 receptor more rapidly and could lead to clinical relapse somewhat earlier than that found with the traditional tightly bound antipsychotic drugs. Molindone is D2-selective in vitro and has a dual D1-D2 receptor profile in vivo. Molindone can selectively block the presynaptic DA receptors. Molindone causes a statistically significant up-regulation of both the long and short isoforms of the D2 receptor mRNAs in the prefrontal and temporal cortex, but has no effect on D4 mRNA levels in either cortical or striatal tissue. Molindone elevates Fos-like immunoreactivity (FLI) in the dorsolateral striatum. Molindone exhibits selectivity for cortical serotonin-stimulated cyclase versus dopamine-stimulated cyclase. Molindone in low intravenous doses (0.4-0.8 mg/kg) was found to reverse d-amphetamine and apomorphine induced depression of DA neurons and to block apomorphine induced depression of these cells. Molindone was also found to increase dopamine synthesis and dihydroxyphenylactic acid levels in the striatum and olfacotry tubercles. In all of these respects molindone behaves identically to most classical neuroleptics. However, unlike most antipsychotic drugs previously tested, molindone failed to increase the baseline firing rate of DA cells and blocked haloperidol induced increases in DA neuron activity. In this regard molindone most closely resembles thioridazine and clozapine.

In which fields of DNA sequencing are Bloom filters applied?

A novel algorithm, fast and accurate classification of sequences (FACSs), is introduced that can accurately and rapidly classify sequences as belonging or not belonging to a reference sequence. Classification of DNA sequences using Bloom filters Lighter is a fast, memory-efficient tool for correcting sequencing errors.

Which class of disorders are caused by AMPA receptor GluA2 subunit defects?

Mutations in the AMPA receptor GluA2 subunit cause a variety of neurodevelopmental disorders including autism spectrum disorder.

Which software are used for the detection of selective sweeps?

Four open-source software releases (SweeD, SweepFinder, SweepFinder2, and OmegaPlus) are able to detect selective sweeps accurately. RAiSD (Raised Accuracy in Sweep Detection), an open-source software implements a parameter-free detection mechanism that relies on multiple signatures of a selective sweep via the enumeration of SNP vectors.

Has the olive tree pollen proteome been studied?

Yes, Olive pollen is a major allergenic source worldwide due to its extensive cultivation. We have combined available genomics data with a comprehensive proteomics approach to get the annotated olive tree (Olea europaea L.) pollen proteome and define its complex allergenome.

Is subacute sclerosing panencephalitis caused by the Measles vaccine?

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is caused by the Measles and can be prevented by the measles vaccine.

Have machine learning methods been used to predict the severity of major depressive disorder(MDD)?

Machine-learning (ML) models developed from self-reports can be used to predict persistence and severity of major depressive disorder(MDD)

Are there clinical trials on stem cells in multiple sclerosis

Yes. Human multipotent mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapies are currently being tested in clinical trials for multiple sclerosis. Several small pilot clinical trials in subjects with advanced MS have demonstrated that MSC administration is safe and provided an early signal of clinical effectiveness. The current aim of clinicians and scientists interested in the development of MSC-based strategies for the treatment of MS is to have the ultimate demonstration in large clinical trials that MSC can inhibit CNS inflammation and foster tissue repair.

Which proteins does the yeast Cleavage and Polyadenylation Complex contain?

The proteins Nrd1, Rap1, Trf4, Rrp6, Ssu72, Cstf64, Pcf11 and PAP are the major components of the 3' cleavage and polyadenylation complex.

Which is the prognostic impact of hypothyroidism in patients with acute myocardial infarction?

Thyroid dysfunction, particularly low T3 syndrome, is a strong predictor of short-term and long-term poor prognoses in patients with acute myocardial infarctions.

Which deficiency is the cause of restless leg syndrome

Iron deficiency (low serum ferritin) is a recognized cause for RLS. Further, in the striatum of subjects with restless legs syndrome, the dopamine transporter is decreased, which leads to impaired dopaminergic neurotransmission. There is also a report of magnesium deficiency underlying RLS.

Is Niraparib effective for ovarian cancer?

Yes. Niraparib is an oral poly(ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor that is approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency for the maintenance treatment of women with recurrent ovarian cancer who are in complete or partial response to platinum-based chemotherapy.

How does androgen deprivation therapy affect pain perception?

There were no significant changes in pain thresholds, ratings, or other response to quantitative sensory tests over the 6-month course of the study. Clinical pain did not differ between test and control groups, and no changes from baseline were observed in their group.

Which are the side effects during tacrine administration in patients with Alzheimer's Disease?

The side effects during tacrine administration in patients with Alzheimer's Disease are: 1) Hepatotoxicity 2) Gastrointestinal (diarrhea, anorexia, dyspepsia, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting) 3) Mitochondrial impairement

What is the difference between ganglion mother cells (GMC) and intermediate neural precursor cells (INP) in Drosophila?

GMC divides only once to give rise to two post-mitotic cells (neurons or glia), whereas the INP can also self-renew, albeit for fewer rounds than a NSC, and generate GMCs

Which R package is used for the detection of chromosomal abnormalities from microarray data?

CAFE is an R package for the detection of gross chromosomal abnormalities from gene expression microarray data.

Does daily atemoya juice intake change the pharmacokinetics of CYP1A2 substrates?

No, atemoya juice does not change the pharmacokinetics of CYP1A2 substrates.

Which are the most abundant human lincRNA?

MALAT1 (metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1) locus is misregulated in many human cancers and produces an abundant long nuclear-retained noncoding RNA. MALAT/NEAT2 highly abundant, its expression is strongly regulated in many tumor entities including lung adenocarcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma as well as physiological processes, and it is associated with many RNA binding proteins and highly conserved throughout evolution. H19 large intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) is one of the most highly abundant and conserved transcripts in mammalian development, being expressed in both embryonic and extra-embryonic cell lineages, yet its physiological function is unknown. Our genome-wide screens in two mammalian species reveal no more than three abundant large non-coding polyadenylated RNAs in the nucleus; the canonical large noncoding RNA XIST and NEAT1 and NEAT2.

List symptoms of EAST syndrome.

Epilepsy, ataxia, sensorineural deafness, and tubulopathy comprise EAST syndrome that is associated with recessive mutations in the KCNJ10 gene.

Which molecules are inhibited by Gilteritinib?

Gilteritinib is a novel, dual FLT3/AXL inhibitor with promising early phase trial data for acute myeloid leukemia.

Describe the mechanism of action of aliskiren.

Aliskiren is a low-molecular-weight, orally active, hydrophilic non-peptide molecule that blocks renin and consequential angiotensin I generation. Renin inhibition interrupts the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS).

Do normal cells express the protein TERT?

Νο, telomerase activity is found in 85%-90% of all human cancers but not in their adjacent normal cells. Human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) is an essential component in the telomerase complex that plays an important role in telomerase activity.

What is the function of the protein Cuf1?

Cuf1 is a copper-sensing transcription factor.

Which is the protein encoded by the human gene GRIK?

Glutamate Receptor Ionotropic Kainate

GV1001 vaccine targets which enzyme?

GV1001 is a 16-amino-acid vaccine peptide derived from the human telomerase reverse transcriptase sequence. It has been developed as a vaccine against various cancers.

How does neuronal activity affect neuroligin-3?

Neuronal activity-induces secretion of neuroligin-3.

De novo mutations in which novel genes are involved in systemic lupus erythematosus?

DNMT3A, PRKCD, and C1QTNF4.

Which receptor does amantadine antagonize?

Amantadine is an N-methyl-D-aspartic acid or N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist.

Do circRNAs remain untranslated?

The resulting circRNA can be translated to generate functional proteins.

Is CHEK2 involved in cell cycle control?

CHEK2 is a key cell cycle control gene encoding a pluripotent kinase that can cause arrest or apoptosis in response to unrepaired DNA damage.

Are there drugs for Tick-borne Encephalitis?

No drug therapy available today

What is the function of the TMEM132 genes?

The extra-cellular portions of TMEM132 proteins contain five conserved domains including three tandem immunoglobulin domains, and a cohesin domain homologue, the first such domain found in animals. These findings strongly predict a cellular adhesion function for TMEM132 family, connecting the extracellular medium with the intracellular actin cytoskeleton.

The antibodies MK-3475 and CT-011 have shown promising results in treating malignancies. Which protein are they targeting?

Modulation of the immune system by targeting coinhibitory and costimulatory receptors has become a promising new approach of immunotherapy for cancer. OBJECTIVE: CT-011 is a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody that modulates the immune response through interaction with PD-1, a protein belonging to the B7 receptor family present on lymphocytes. The objectives of this phase I study were to assess the dose-limiting toxicities, to determine the maximum tolerated dose, and to study the pharmacokinetics of CT-011 administered once to patients with advanced hematologic malignancies. We have developed a cancer vaccine in which autologous tumor is fused with dendritic cells resulting in the presentation of tumor antigens in the context of DC-mediated costimulation. The median t1/2 of CT-011 ranged from 217 to 410 hours. The PD1/PDL1 pathway is an important element contributing to tumor-mediated immune suppression. The recent approval of the CTLA-4-blocking antibody ipilimumab for the treatment of melanoma was a watershed event, opening up a new era in the field of immunotherapy. T-cell expression of programmed death receptor-1 down-regulates the immune response against malignancy by interacting with cognate ligands ( eg, PD-L1 ) on tumor cells; however, little is known regarding PD-1 and natural killer ( NK ) cells.

Can FOXOs modulate longevity?

FOXOs are reliable markers of longevity.

What is the role of brain natriuretic peptide in traumatic brain injury patients ?

Brain natriuretic peptide concentrations are elevated in patients with traumatic brain during the acute phase and correlate with poor outcomes. In traumatic brain injury patients higher brain natriuretic peptide concentrations are associated with more extensive SAH, elevated ICP and hyponatremia. Brain natriuretic peptide may play an adaptive role in recovery through augmentation of cerebral blood flow.

Was stelara developed by Amgen?

Stelara was developed by Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Horsham, PA, USA.

Which is the protein-membrane interface of the Cholesterol-regulated Start protein 4 protein (STARD4)?

L124 is the protein-membrane interface of the Cholesterol-regulated Start protein 4 protein (STARD4).

Where in the cell do we find the protein Cep135?

centrosome

Is there a relationship between thyroid hormone altered metabolism and coronary artery disease?

The major part of the studies and metaanalysis data show that hypothyroidism, both primary and secondary forms, is associated with higher incidence and severity of coronary artery disease.

Which post-translational histone modifications are characteristic of facultative heterochromatin?

Nuclear VapB methyltransferase diminishes the establishment of facultative heterochromatin by decreasing histone 3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3). Dramatic changes in exposure of a repressive chromatin mark, H3K9me2, indicate that during development linker histone plays a role in establishing the facultative heterochromatin territory and architecture in the nucleus. Histone H3 trimethylation at lysine 36 is associated with constitutive and facultative heterochromatin.

Are circRNAs associated with diseases and traits?

Yes. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a crucial role in fine tuning the level of miRNA mediated regulation of gene expression by sequestering the miRNAs. Their interaction with disease associated miRNAs indicates that circular RNAs are important for disease regulation.

Name curated data resources for ChIP-seq data

The MGA repository, Cistrome Data Browser and CR Cistrome are curated data resources for ChIP-seq data.

Are stress granules involved in the pathogenesis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis?

Stress granules are cytoplasmic inclusions that repress translation of a subset of RNAs in times of cellular stress, and several proteins implicated in neurodegeneration (i.e. Ataxin-2 and SMN) interact with stress granules. Mutant FUS proteins that cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis incorporate into stress granules. ALS-linked mutations in profilin 1 alter stress granule dynamics, providing further evidence for the potential role of stress granules in ALS pathogenesis. ALS mutations in FUS NLS can impair FUS nuclear localization, induce cytoplasmic inclusions and stress granules, and potentially perturb RNA metabolism.