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A bite from the Lone Star Tick Amblyomma americanum, can cause the victim to become allergic to red meat, yes or no?

Conditions such as Southern tick-associated rash illness and anaphylaxis to red meat following tick bites have been attributed to the lone star tick, Ambyomma ameriacanum.

Are TAD boundaries in Drosophila depleted in highly-expressed genes?

Drosophila inter-TADs harbor active chromatin and constitutively transcribed (housekeeping) genes.

What is known about the gene MIR140?

Chondrocyte-specific microRNA-140 regulates endochondral bone development and targets Dnpep to modulate bone morphogenetic protein signaling. Our findings showed the novel transcriptional role of miR140-5p in the expression of Nrf2 and miR-140-5p protected against Cisplatin induced oxidative stress by activating Nrf2-dependent antioxidant pathway, providing a potentially therapeutic target in acute kidney injury.

Where is the protein slitrk1 localized?

Slitrk1 is enriched in postsynaptic fractions and is localized to excitatory synapses.

What is the mechanisms of action of Evinacumab?

Evinacumab is angiopoietin-like protein 3 (ANGPTL3) monoclonal antibody that was shown to substantially reduce low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration.

What is the link between dental x-ray and brain tumor risk?

There is data to suggest that dental x-ray can be associated with significantly increased risk of meningiomas and gliomas. However, some studies failed to demonstrate an association between dental x-rays and brain tumor risk.

What is the role of the Hof1-Cyk3 interaction in yeast?

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it is well established that Hof1, Cyk3, and Inn1 contribute to septum formation and cytokinesis. There is also evidence that they interact physically.

Is long QT syndrome a cause for sudden cardiac death in athletes?

One of several causes of sudden cardiac death in athletes is long QT syndrome

What are the effects of CAMK4 inhibition?

Here, we present evidence that the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV (CaMK4) is increased and required during Th17 cell differentiation. Inhibition of CaMK4 reduced Il17 transcription through decreased activation of the cAMP response element modulator a (CREM-a) and reduced activation of the AKT/mTOR pathway, which is known to enhance Th17 differentiation. CAMK4 knockdown and kinase-dead mutant inhibited crocin-mediated HO-1 expression, Nrf2 activation, and phosphorylation of Akt, indicating that HO-1 expression is mediated by CAMK4 and that Akt is a downstream mediator of CAMK4 in crocin signaling

What is the association between proBNP serum concentrations and stroke outcomes?

ProBNP serum concentrations are elevated in stroke patients relative to healthy controls. Greater proBNP serum concentrations are associated with greater stroke severity and with increased risk for unfvorable functional outcomes.

What does VBP15 do to skeletal muscle?

VBP15 protects and promotes efficient repair of skeletal muscle cells. Potent inhibition of NF-κB is mediated through protein interactions of the glucocorticoid receptor, however VBP15 shows significantly reduced hormonal receptor transcriptional activity. In DMD model mice it improves muscle strength, live-imaging and pathology through both preventive and post-onset intervention regimens.

Is CREB a key memory protein?

The creb protein is associated with memory

Which cellular function is associated with transcription factors forkhead 1 and 2 (Fkh1 and Fkh2)?

Forkhead transcription factors establish origin timing and long-range clustering in S. cerevisiae. Here we show that the yeast Forkhead transcription factors, Fkh1 and Fkh2, are global determinants of replication origin timing. Forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factors have a conserved function in regulating metazoan lifespan. Fkh1 and Fkh2 bind Fkh-activated origins, and interact physically with ORC, providing a plausible mechanism to cluster origins. Instead, we show that Fkh1 and Fkh2 are required for the clustering of early origins and their association with the key initiation factor Cdc45 in G1 phase, suggesting that Fkh1 and Fkh2 selectively recruit origins to emergent replication factories.

Which genes are affected in ROMANO-WARD syndrome?

The genes involved in ROMANO-WARD syndrome are KCNQ1, KCNE1, KCNE2, KCNH2, SCN5A, CAV3, SCN4B, AKAP9, SNTA1, KCNJ5 and Ankyrin-B.

How does PRDM9 recognize the specific DNA motifs for meiotic recombination?

The PRDM9 gene encodes a protein with a highly variable tandem-repeat zinc finger (ZF) DNA-binding domain that plays a key role in determining sequence-specific hotspots of meiotic recombination genome wide. The long zinc finger domain of PRDM9 forms a highly stable and long-lived complex with its DNA recognition sequence.

What are organoids?

Organoids are 3D physiological in vitro structures that recapitulate morphological and functional features of in vivo tissues and offer significant advantages over traditional cell culture methods.

Can clonidine be used to reduce agitation in children.

Yes, clonidine is effective in prevention of post-anesthesia agitation in children.

What is the human proteoform project?

Top-down proteomics is emerging as a preferred approach to investigate biological systems, with objectives ranging from the detailed assessment of a single protein therapeutic, to the complete characterization of every possible protein including their modifications, which define the human proteoform.

What is evaluated with the Hydrocephalus Outcome Questionnaire?

The Hydrocephalus Outcome Questionnaire (HOQ) is a simple, reliable, and valid measure of health status in children with hydrocephalus.

Which is the most prevalent form of arrhythmia worldwide?

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia worldwide, and it has a significant effect on morbidity and mortality. It is a significant risk factor for stroke and peripheral embolization, and it has an effect on cardiac function. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia affecting up to 1-1.5% of the population.

What is ectopia lentis?

Ectopia Lentis is dislocation of the optic lens in the eye.

Is it possible to visualize subtahalamic nucleus by using transcranial ultrasound?

Yes, it has been shown that it is possible to visualize subtahalamic nucleus by using transcranial ultrasound. Transcranial ultrasound is safe and reliable method that can be employed to monitor lead location and intraoperative visualization of deep-brain stimulation (DBS) electrodes.

What is the inheritance of the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency?

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the commonest red cell enzymopathy in humans and has a recessive X-linked inheritance.

What organ is associated with a Gleason pattern or Gleason Score?

The Gleason score is an important parameter for clinical outcome in prostate cancer patients

What happens upon disruption of a TAD boundary?

rewiring occurred only if the variant disrupted a ctcf-associated boundary domain . of a tad boundary causes ectopic chromosomal contacts and long-range transcriptional misregulation. . of topological chromatin domains cause pathogenic rewiring of gene-enhancer interactions .

Has silicon been used in treatment of incontinence ?

Yes

What is the treatment of choice for gastric lymphoma?

The treatment of choice for localized primary GI lymphoma is controversial. Complete surgical resection may increase the chance of complete remission, but mortality and relapse rates might be higher than those observed with combination chemotherapy alone. In early stages of disease, H. pylori eradication alone may lead to complete lymphoma remission in up to 75% of cases. Nonresponder or locally advanced lymphoma should be treated with radiation therapy.

Which is the genetic lesion associated with Huntington’s disease?

The genetic lesion associated with Huntington's disease is a CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the HD (or HTT) gene.

What is herceptin?

Herceptin is a second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor, that serves as an effective and approved oral therapy for patients with HER2-positive breast cancer.

Is AGO2 related to cytokinesis?

Yes. AGO2 localizes to cytokinetic protrusions in a p38-dependent manner and is needed for accurate cell division.

What is the drug chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine used for?

Chloroquine (CQ) has been used for decades as the primary chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of malaria. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a 4-aminoquinolone antimalarial, is regarded as the oral therapy of choice for cutaneous and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It is also licensed for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Chloroquine is a potent inhibitor of SARS coronavirus infection and spread.

Can METTL3 methylate long noncoding RNAs?

Yes, METTL3 can modulate methylation and expression of lncRNA.

Which ploidy-agnostic method has been developed for estimating telomere length from whole genome sequencing data?

Telomerecat is a ploidy-agnostic method for estimating telomere length from whole genome sequencing data. Previous methods have been dependent on the number of telomeres present in a cell being known, which may be problematic when analysing aneuploid cancer data and non-human samples. Telomerecat is designed to be agnostic to the number of telomeres present, making it suited for the purpose of estimating telomere length in cancer studies. Telomerecat also accounts for interstitial telomeric reads and presents a novel approach to dealing with sequencing errors.

What symptoms characterize the Muenke syndrome?

Muenke syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by coronal suture craniosynostosis, hearing loss, developmental delay, carpal and tarsal fusions, and the presence of the Pro250Arg mutation in the FGFR3 gene. Muenke syndrome is characterized by coronal craniosynostosis (bilateral more often than unilateral), hearing loss, developmental delay, and carpal and/or tarsal bone coalition. Tarsal coalition is a distinct feature of Muenke syndrome and has been reported since the initial description of the disorder in the 1990s.

Which is the most widely used model for the study of multiple sclerosis (MS)?

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a classical, conventional and widely recognized animal model for studying multiple sclerosis (MS). EAE is the best available model for the inflammatory processes that occur in MS, and for the disease process. A less commonly used model is that of Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV).

How does ranolazine affect calcium handling in the heart

Ranolazine has only a small effect on the basal calcium current, while it greatly affects whole cell calcium current when facilitated by beta-adrenoceptor or histamine receptor activation. Ranolazine is a novel agent that inhibits the late sodium current thereby reducing cellular sodium and calcium overload. Ranolazine reduces Ca2+ overload and LV mechanical dysfunction during ischemia/reperfusion. ranolazine decreases I(Na,L)-induced dysregulation of calcium cycling that contributes to the antiarrhythmic actions of this agent. ranolazine desensitizes Ca(2+)-dependent RyR2 activation, and inhibits Ca(i) oscillations. ranolazine ameliorates the Ca(2+) response and cross-bridge kinetics of cardiac myofilaments.

Why does cranberry juice help combat urinary tract infections?

Cranberry products affect the surface properties, such as fimbriae and lipopolysaccharides, and adhesion of fimbriated and nonfimbriated E. coli.

Which are the most common methods for ctDNA (circulating tumour DNA) detection?

Recently, nanoplasmonics has emerged as a platform for one-step dual detection with high sensitivity and specificity. The practice of "liquid biopsy" as a diagnostic, prognostic and theranostic tool in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients is an appealing approach, at least in theory, since it is noninvasive and easily repeated. Cancer personalized profiling by deep sequencing (CAPP-Seq), an economical and ultrasensitive method for quantifying ctDNA. A new DNA sensor using a nickel(II) phenanthroline complex ([Ni(phen)(2)PHPIP]·2ClO(4)) as the electrochemical probe was developed. The sensor is very sensitive and selective for calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) detection in aqueous medium.

How are cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs) defined?

This resource includes deletions of small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), transfer RNAs (tRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), and other annotated ncRNAs as well as the more recently identified stable unannotated transcripts (SUTs) and cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs) whose functions are largely unknown There is extensive transcription throughout the eukaryotic genome resulting in both antisense transcripts from coding regions and cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs) from intergenic regions These cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs) are rapidly degraded by the nuclear exosome. These results suggest that transcription termination of CUTs directed by Nrd1 and Nab3 is a prerequisite for rapid degradation by the nuclear exosome. It is likely that many of these are cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs), which are rapidly degraded and whose function(s) within the cell are still unclear, while others may be novel functional transcripts. These recently identified transcripts either exist stably in cells (stable unannotated transcripts, SUTs) or are rapidly degraded by the RNA surveillance pathway (cryptic unstable transcripts, CUTs)

Name two inhalable insulin products.

Despite discontinuation of the first inhalable insulin, Exubera(r), due to suboptimal market acceptance, development of orally inhaled insulin delivery systems has been galvanized by the recent approval of Afrezza(r).

What is Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) used to determine?

The Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) is an objective anatomically-based injury severity scoring system that classifies each injury by body region on a 6 point scale. AIS is the system used to determine the Injury Severity Score (ISS) of the multiply injured trauma patient. AIS CLASSIFICATIONS The AIS classifies individual injuries by body region as follows: AIS 1 – Minor AIS 2 – Moderate AIS 3 – Serious AIS 4 – Severe AIS 5 – Critical AIS 6 – Maximal (currently untreatable)

Which R / bioconductor package is used for performing SNP enrichment analysis?

traseR is an easy-to-use R Bioconductor package that performs enrichment analyses of trait-associated SNPs in arbitrary genomic intervals with flexible options, including testing method, type of background and inclusion of SNPs in LD.

Can pets affect infant microbiomed?

Yes, exposure to household furry pets influences the gut microbiota of infants.

What is the principle of ATAC (Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin) technique?

ATAC-seq (Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin) is an assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing, based on direct in vitro transposition of sequencing adaptors into native chromatin. ATAC is a rapid and sensitive method for integrative epigenomic analysis. ATAC-seq captures open chromatin sites using a simple two-step protocol with 500-50,000 cells and reveals the interplay between genomic locations of open chromatin, DNA-binding proteins, individual nucleosomes and chromatin compaction at nucleotide resolution.

Tumor-treating fields are effective for treatment of which cancers?

Clinical trials have shown that Tumor-treating fields are effective for treatment of non-small cell lung cancer and glioblastoma. Ongoing and future trials will evaluate TTFields in solid tumor brain metastases, and ovarian, pancreatic cancers and multidrug resistance cancer cells.

Which properties of the mRNA does N6-methyladenosine (m6A) affect?

N(6)-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant modified base in eukaryotic mRNA and has been linked to diverse effects on mRNA fate. m6A predominantly and directly reduces mRNA stability.

Is autophagy modulated in a circadian fashion?

Yes, metabolic pathways, bile acid synthesis, and autophagic and immune/inflammatory processes are driven by the biological clock.

How does exercise affect thyroid hormone receptors expression in the heart?

Exercise has been shown to increase TRβ1 receptor expression in young rats. Exercise has been shown to increase both TRα1 and TRβ1 receptor expression in aged rats.

What is the lipid droplet used for in the cell?

Lipid droplets (LDs) are ubiquitous and physiologically active organelles regulating storage and mobilization of lipids in response to metabolic demands.

What molecules are the multidrug transporter MDR3 targeting?

Multidrug-resistant P-glycoprotein 3 (MDR3) is a phospholipid translocator.

Describe manifestations of KIF1A-related disorders in children

KIF1A-related disorders (KRD) were first described in 2011 and the phenotypic spectrum has subsequently expanded to encompass a range of central and peripheral nervous system involvement. A study identified twelve individuals from 10 families. Eight different mutations were present, including four novel mutations. Two patients displayed a very severe phenotype including congenital contractures, severe spasticity and/or dystonia, dysautonomia, severe sensorimotor polyneuropathy and optic atrophy, significant white matter changes on brain MRI, respiratory insufficiency, and complete lack of neurodevelopmental progress. The remaining 10 patients represented a spectrum of severity with common features including a movement disorder with spasticity and/or dystonia, subtle features of dysautonomia, sensory axonal neuropathy, varying degrees of optic atrophy and of learning and/or behavioural difficulties, and subtle or absent-but sometimes progressive-changes in white matter on MRI. Epilepsy was common among the more severely affected children.

What is the BioPlex network?

Protein interactions form a network whose structure drives cellular function and whose organization informs biological inquiry. BioPlex contains 23,744 interactions among 7,668 proteins with 86% previously undocumented. BioPlex accurately depicts known complexes, attaining 80%-100% coverage for most CORUM complexes. The network readily subdivides into communities that correspond to complexes or clusters of functionally related proteins. More generally, network architecture reflects cellular localization, biological process, and molecular function, enabling functional characterization of thousands of proteins. Network structure also reveals associations among thousands of protein domains, suggesting a basis for examining structurally related proteins. BioPlex, in combination with other approaches, can be used to reveal interactions of biological or clinical significance. For example, mutations in the membrane protein VAPB implicated in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis perturb a defined community of interactors.

Is pimavanserin a typical antipsychotic?

No, pimavanserin is an atypical antipsychotic.

How many genes in S. cerevisiae are the result of an ancient whole genome duplication?

The two genomes subsequently converged onto similar current sizes (5,600 protein-coding genes each) and independently retained sets of duplicated genes that are strikingly similar. Almost half of their surviving single-copy genes are not orthologs but paralogs formed by WGD, as would be expected if most gene pairs were resolved independently.

List bacterial families for which delafloxacin has been shown to be effective.

Delafloxacin has been shown to be effective against multiple gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, including Strepotococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella atarrhalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and more.

List available databases containing information about conserved noncoding elements.

Ancora and TFCONES.

Are there ultraconserved regions in the budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)?

Yes. In addition to some fundamental biological functions, ultraconserved regions play an important role in the adaptation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to the acidic environment.

Which cellular functions are affected by lncRNA H19 in the heart?

H19 could inhibit autophagy in cardiomyocytes by epigenetically silencing of DIRAS3. Elevated H19 promotes apoptosis through PA2G4. Downregulation of H19 promotes proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. H19 induces mineralization of valve interstitial cells. H19 contributes to cardiac fibroblast proliferation and fibrosis, which act in part through repression of DUSP5/ERK1/2.

What is drug target for olaparib?

Olaparib(Lynparza) is a PARP inhibitor, inhibiting poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), an enzyme involved in DNA repair.

Which two drugs are included in the MAVYRET pill?

MAVYRET pill includes glecaprevir and pibrentasvir. It is used for treatment of hepatitis C infection.

Describe RIblast

LncRNAs play important roles in various biological processes. Although more than 58 000 human lncRNA genes have been discovered, most known lncRNAs are still poorly characterized. One approach to understanding the functions of lncRNAs is the detection of the interacting RNA target of each lncRNA. Because experimental detections of comprehensive lncRNA-RNA interactions are difficult, computational prediction of lncRNA-RNA interactions is an indispensable technique. However, the high computational costs of existing RNA-RNA interaction prediction tools prevent their application to large-scale lncRNA datasets. 'RIblast' is an ultrafast RNA-RNA interaction prediction method based on the seed-and-extension approach. RIblast discovers seed regions using suffix arrays and subsequently extends seed regions based on an RNA secondary structure energy model. Computational experiments indicate that RIblast achieves a level of prediction accuracy similar to those of existing programs, but at speeds over 64 times faster than existing programs.

What is the result of Mff overexpression in mitochondria?

The Drp1 receptor Mff is a major regulator of mitochondrial fission, and its overexpression results in increased fission.

Is arimoclomol a co-inducer of the heat shock response?

Yes, arimoclomol is a hydroxylamine derivative, a group of compounds which have unique properties as co-inducers of heat shock protein expression, but only under conditions of cellular stress.

List 4 targeted synthetic DMARDs that are JAK inhibitors.

Targeted synthetic (ts) DMARDs that are Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors include tofacitinib, baricitinib, filgotinib, upadacitinib.

What is the route of administration of apixaban?

Apixaban is administered orally.

Which mutated genes are associated with the Tourette's syndrome?

A mutation in histidine decarboxylase (Hdc) gene as well as mutations in the SLITRK1 (Slit and Trk-like 1) gene have been implicated as rare genetic causes of Tourette's syndrome.

What is 2d 4d ratio in athletes.

Lower 2D:4D ratio was reported to be lower in handball players, kabaddi players, varsity athletes, football players, soccer players and rugby players. Low 2D:4D ratio correlates with better performance and with enhanced sporting prowess, particularly with regard to activities requiring endurance and dependent upon slow-twitch muscles.

Describe the mechanism of action of Luspatercept.

Luspatercept is a recombinant soluble activin type-II receptor-IgG-Fc fusion protein that blocks transforming growth factor beta (TGF b) superfamily inhibitors of erythropoiesis. Luspatercept is tested for the treatment of various types of anemias.

How does parathyroid hormone affect circulating levels of periostin?

Parathyroid hormone can upregulate periostin levels.

Which integrin genes are activated by the immune system in inflammatory bowel disease?

ITGA4, ITGB8, ITGAL and ICAM1. In all four cases, the expression-increasing allele also increases disease risk.

Is there a role for the cylindromatosis tumor suppressor (CYLD) in lung cancer?

To explore a correlation between CYLD expression and responsiveness to TRAIL in lung cancer cell lines, we established lung cancer cell lines that stably express CYLD. Our data provided the first evidence that increased expression of CYLD directly blocks TRAIL-induced NF - B activation, and consequently increases TRAIL-induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells. CYLD may act as a therapeutic target of lung cancer. Targeting CYLD, in combination with TRAIL, may be a new strategy to treat lung cancer with high NF - B activity. Cyld encodes a 956-amino acid deubiquitinating enzyme, which is a negative regulator of nuclear factor kappaB and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Mutations that truncate and inactivate the carboxyl-terminal deubiquitinating domain of CYLD underlie the development of skin appendage tumors in humans, whereas down-regulation of Cyld expression has been associated with the development of various types of human malignancies including lung cancer. To establish an animal model of human CYLD inactivation and characterize the biological role of CYLD in vivo, we generated mice carrying a homozygous deletion of Cyld exon 9 mice ) using a conditional approach. Our study identifies an important role of CYLD in lung maturation, which may underlie the development of many cases of lung cancer.

Which drugs are included in TAS-102?

TAS-102 is a novel oral nucleoside antitumor agent consisting of trifluridine and tipiracil hydrochloride at a molar ratio of 1:0.5.

Is pregabalin effective for sciatica?

No. Treatment with pregabalin did not significantly reduce the intensity of leg pain associated with sciatica and did not significantly improve other outcomes, as compared with placebo, over the course of 8 weeks. The incidence of adverse events was significantly higher in the pregabalin group than in the placebo group.

Does the HercepTest use a polycloncal or monoclonal antibody?

The HercepTest uses a polyclonal antibody.

What is the percentage of individuals at risk of dominant medically actionable disease?

1 in 38 individuals at risk of a dominant medically actionable disease.

Are super enhancers structurally insulated in chromatin loops?

Although there is evidence that chromatin neighbourhoods, formed by the zinc-finger protein CTCF, can sequester enhancers and their target genes, there is limited in vivo evidence for CTCF demarcating super-enhancers and preventing cross talk between distinct regulatory elements. CTCF sites are porous borders, allowing a super-enhancer to activate a secondary target.

Can discharge destinations be accurately predicted using the Risk Assessment and Prediction Tool (RAPT)?

Yes. The Risk Assessment and Prediction Tool (RAPT) appears to be a valuable predictor of discharge destination after orthopedic surgery and neurosurgical procedures.

What is the normal body temperature in dogs?

According to the American Kennel Club (AKC), a temperature of 101 to 102.5 degrees Fahrenheit (38.3 to 39.2 degrees Celsius) is typical for dogs

What is the association of spermidine with α-synuclein neurotoxicity?

Spermidine protects against α-synuclein neurotoxicity. In the fruit fly, simple feeding with spermidine inhibited loss of climbing activity and early organismal death upon heterologous expression of human α-synuclein, which is thought to be the principal toxic trigger of Parkinson's Disease (PD). In this line, administration of spermidine rescued α-synuclein-induced loss of dopaminergic neurons, a hallmark of PD, in nematodes. Alleviation of PD-related neurodegeneration by spermidine was accompanied by induction of autophagy, suggesting that this cytoprotective process may be responsible for the beneficial effects of spermidine administration.

When did eptinezumab get its first FDA approval?

In February 2020, eptinezumab was approved in the USA for the preventive treatment of migraine in adults.

Is ADP-ribosylation a PTM?

Yes, Poly-ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) is a protein posttranslational modification (PTM) that is critically involved in many biological processes that are linked to cell stress responses.

Which is the substrate of the haspin kinase during mitosis?

Haspin phosphorylates histone H3 at Thr3 (H3T3ph) during mitosis

What is the mode of action of the Tc toxins?

The toxin complex (tc) genes of bacteria comprise a large and growing family whose mode of action remains obscure. Tc toxins are widely distributed among different gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, where they act as pathogenicity factors. Tripartite Tc toxin complexes of bacterial pathogens perforate the host membrane and translocate toxic enzymes into the host cell, including in humans. The underlying mechanism is complex but poorly understood.

List the members of a network of noncoding regulatory RNAs that play a role in the mammalian brain

In mice, the long ncRNA Cyrano uses an extensively paired site to miR-7 to trigger destruction of this microRNA. Cyrano-directed miR-7 degradation is much more effective than previously described examples of target-directed microRNA degradation, which come primarily from studies of artificial and viral RNAs. By reducing miR-7 levels, Cyrano prevents repression of miR-7-targeted mRNAs and enables accumulation of Cdr1as, a circular RNA known to regulate neuronal activity. Without Cyrano, excess miR-7 causes cytoplasmic destruction of Cdr1as in neurons, in part through enhanced slicing of Cdr1as by a second miRNA, miR-671. Thus, several types of ncRNAs can collaborate to establish a sophisticated regulatory network.

Which is the main function of "RNA sponges"?

Natural RNA circles function as efficient microRNA sponges. Recently, miRNA activity has been shown to be affected by the presence of miRNA sponge transcripts, the so-called competing endogenous RNA in humans and target mimicry in plants.

The protein NONO forms heterodimers. With which proteins?

The protein NONO forms heterodimers with PSPC1, SFPQ.

Which is the E3 ubiquitin ligase which ubiquitinates IkB leading to its proteasomal degradation?

IκB degradation involves ubiquitination mediated by a specific E3 ubiquitin ligase SCF(β-TrCP). SCF(β-TrCP) -mediated IκB ubiquitination and degradation is a very efficient process, often resulting in complete degradation of the key inhibitor IκBα within a few minutes of cell stimulation.

What is the importance of Janus Kinases in dermatology?

Janus Kinase (JAK) is active in many skin diseases and recent evidence show that inhibitors of JAK kinase could be used to treat vitiligo, psoriasis, lupus, alopecia areata and other inflammatory skin diseases.

Describe the mechanism of action of a drug Elagolix.

Elagolix is a novel, orally active, non-peptide, competitive gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptor antagonist. It is in development for the management of endometriosis with associated pain and heavy menstrual bleeding due to uterine fibroids.

Which disease is associated with X-linked recessive TLR7 deficiency?

X-linked recessive TLR7 deficiency is a highly penetrant genetic etiology of critical COVID-19 pneumonia, in about 1.8% of male patients below the age of 60 years.

Does temsirolimus improve survival of glioblastoma patients?

No. Temsirolimus does not prolong survival of gliobalstoma patients.

Is recommended the use of perioperative treatment with thyroid hormone therapy in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting?

Currently there is no substantial evidence to justify routine use of thyroid hormones in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.

Is enzastaurin effective treatment of glioblastoma?

No. Enzastaurin does not improve prognosis of glioblastoma patients.

Are artificial blood cells available?

No, The critical point for the break through for artificial blood products did not come yet but could be ahead-

Which disease is monitored in the BIOCURA cohort?

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is one of the diseases that is monitored in the BIOCURA cohort. There are other diseases that are monitored as well, such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and thyroid cancer.

Have microRNAs been implicated in pharmacogenomics?

Yes. MicroRNAs have been implicated in pharmacogenomics.

Where, in the body, would the Cobb-Stainsby excision arthroplasty be performed?

The Cobb-Stainsby forefoot arthroplasty combines partial phalangectomy ( Stainsby ) with extensor tendon transfer to the metatarsal head ( Cobb ) .

Is TREM2 associated with Alzheimer's disease in humans?

TREM2 variants have been found to be associated with early as well as with late onset Alzheimer's disease.

Is synapsin a phosphoprotein?

Yes, synapsin is an evolutionarily conserved presynaptic phosphoprotein.

What is the function of BRD4?

As a member of the bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) family, BRD4 (bromodomain containing 4) can bind to acetylated histones and transcription factors, and is also able to recruit various transcriptional regulators. As transcriptional coactivator, BRD4 represses autophagy and lysosomal function.