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Uh - huh.

QMSum_87

Exactly !

QMSum_87

Yeah , exactly !

QMSum_87

Yeah

QMSum_87

Well , there you go. Fine , that 's alright , that 's OK. And and , you know , in contrast , so Deborah d and also Deborah Tannen 's thesis she talked about differences of these types , that they 're just different styles , and it 's um you you can't impose a model of there of the ideal being no overlaps , and you know , conversational analysts also agree with that , so it 's now , universally a ag agreed with. And and , als I mean , I can't say universally , but anyway , the people who used to say it was strict , um now , uh don't. I mean they they also you know , uh uh , ack acknowledge the influence of sub of subcultural norms and cross - cultural norms and things. So , um Then it beco though so just just superficially to give um a couple ideas of the types of overlaps involved , I have at the bottom several that I noticed. So , uh , there are backchannels , like what Adam just did now and , um um , anticipating the end of a question and simply answering it earlier , and there are several of those in this in these data where

QMSum_87

Mm - hmm.

QMSum_87

because we 're people who 've talked to each other , um we know basically what the topic is , what the possibilities are and w and we 've spoken with each other so we know basically what the other person 's style is likely to be and so and t there are a number of places where someone just answered early. No problem. And places also which I thought were interesting , where two or more people gave exactly th the same answer in unison different words of course but you know , the basically , you know everyone 's saying " yes " or you know , or ev even more sp specific than that. So , uh , the point is that , um overlap 's not necessarily a bad thing and that it would be im i useful to subdivide these further and see if there are individual differences in styles with respect to the types involved. And that 's all I wanted to say on that , unless people have questions.

QMSum_87

Well , of course th the biggest , um result here , which is one we 've we 've talked about many times and isn't new to us , but which I think would be interesting to show someone who isn't familiar with this is just the sheer number of overlaps.

QMSum_87

Yep.

QMSum_87

That that Right ? that that , um

QMSum_87

Yes , yes !

QMSum_87

Oh , OK interesting.

QMSum_87

Yeah.

QMSum_87

here 's a relatively short meeting , it 's a forty forty plus minute meeting , and not only were there two hundred and fifteen overlaps but , uh I think there 's one one minute there where there where where there wasn't any overlap ?

QMSum_87

Hundred ninety - seven.

QMSum_87

I mean , it 's uh throughout this thing ?

QMSum_87

It 'd be interesting

QMSum_87

It 's You have

QMSum_87

Well , at the bottom , you have the bottom three.

QMSum_87

Yeah.

QMSum_87

S n are

QMSum_87

So four four minutes all together with none none.

QMSum_87

But it w

QMSum_87

Oh , so the bottom three did have s stuff going on ? There was speech ?

QMSum_87

Yes , uh - huh. Yeah. But just no overlaps.

QMSum_87

OK , so if the this

QMSum_87

It 'd be interesting to see what the total amount of time is in the overlaps , versus

QMSum_87

Yes , exactly and that 's that 's where Jose 's pro project comes in.

QMSum_87

Yeah , yeah , I h I have this that infor I have th that information now.

QMSum_87

I was about to ask

QMSum_87

Yeah.

QMSum_87

Yeah.

QMSum_87

Hmm.

QMSum_87

Oh , about how much is it ?

QMSum_87

The the duration of eh of each of the overlaps.

QMSum_87

O oh , what 's what 's the what 's the average length ?

QMSum_87

M I I haven't averaged it now but , uh I I will , uh I will do the the study of the with the with the program with the uh , the different , uh the , nnn , distribution of the duration of the overlaps.

QMSum_87

You don't know ? OK , you you don you don't have a feeling for roughly how much it is ? Yeah.

QMSum_87

mmm , Because the the uh , @ @ is @ @.

QMSum_87

Yeah.

QMSum_87

The duration is , uh the variation the variation of the duration is uh , very big on the dat

QMSum_87

Mm - hmm.

QMSum_87

I suspect that it will also differ , depending on the type of overlap involved.

QMSum_87

but eh

QMSum_87

Oh , I 'm sure.

QMSum_87

Yeah.

QMSum_87

So backchannels will be very brief

QMSum_87

Because , on your surface eh a bit of zone of overlapping with the duration eh , overlapped and another very very short.

QMSum_87

and

QMSum_87

Yeah. Yeah.

QMSum_87

Uh , i probably it 's very difficult to to because the the overlap is , uh on is only the in the final " S " of the of the the fin the the end the end word of the , um previous speaker with the the next word of the the new speaker.

QMSum_87

Mm - hmm.

QMSum_87

Um , I considered that 's an overlap but it 's very short , it 's an " X " with a and the idea is probably , eh when eh when eh , we studied th th that zone , eh eh , we h we have eh eh confusion with eh eh noise.

QMSum_87

Mm - hmm.

QMSum_87

With eh that fricative sounds , but uh I have new information but I have to to study.

QMSum_87

Yeah. Yeah , but I I 'd u

QMSum_87

Can I

QMSum_87

go ahead.

QMSum_87

Yeah.

QMSum_87

You split this by minute , um so if an overlap straddles the boundary between two minutes , that counts towards both of those minutes.

QMSum_87

Yes. Mm - hmm. Actually , um um actually not. Uh , so le let 's think about the case where A starts speaking and then B overlaps with A , and then the minute boundary happens. And let 's say that after that minute boundary , um B is still speaking , and A overlaps with B , that would be a new overlap. But otherwise um , let 's say B comes to the conclusion of of that turn without anyone overlapping with him or her , in which case there would be no overlap counted in that second minute.

QMSum_87

No , but suppose they both talk simultaneously both a a portion of it is in minute one and another portion of minute two.

QMSum_87

OK. In that case , um my c the coding that I was using since we haven't , uh incorporated Adam 's , uh coding of overlap yets , the coding of Yeah , " yets " is not a word. Uh since we haven't incorporated Adam 's method of handling overl overlaps yet um then that would have fallen through the cra cracks. It would be an underestimate of the number of overlaps because , um I wou I wouldn't be able to pick it up from the way it was encoded so far.

QMSum_87

I I

QMSum_87

We just haven't done th the precise second to sec you know , second to second coding of when they occur.

QMSum_87

I I I 'm I 'm I 'm confused now. So l l let me restate what I thought Andreas was saying and and see.

QMSum_87

Uh - huh.

QMSum_87

Let 's say that in in second fifty - seven of one minute , you start talking and I start talking and we ignore each other and keep on talking for six seconds.

QMSum_87

Yep. OK. Mm - hmm.

QMSum_87

So we go over So we were we were talking over one another , and it 's just in each case , it 's just sort of one interval. Right ?

QMSum_87

Mm - hmm ?

QMSum_87

So , um we talked over the minute boundary. Is this considered as one overlap in each of the minutes , the way you have done this.

QMSum_87

No , it wouldn't. It would be considered as an overlap in the first one.

QMSum_87

OK , so that 's good , i I think , in the sense that I think Andreas meant the question ,

QMSum_87

That 's that 's good , yeah , cuz the overall rate is

QMSum_87

Yeah.

QMSum_87

Statistical.

QMSum_87

Yeah.

QMSum_87

Mm - hmm.

QMSum_87

right ?

QMSum_87

Yeah. They 're not double counted.

QMSum_87

Other - otherwise you 'd get double counts , here and there.

QMSum_87

Yep.

QMSum_87

Ah but , yeah.

QMSum_87

Yeah.

QMSum_87

And then it would be harder

QMSum_87

Yeah.

QMSum_87

Yeah.

QMSum_87

I should also say I did a simplifying , uh count in that if A was speaking B overlapped with A and then A came back again and overlapped with B again , I I didn't count that as a three - person overlap , I counted that as a two - person overlap , and it was A being overlapped with by D.

QMSum_87

Mm - hmm.

QMSum_87

Because the idea was the first speaker had the floor and the second person started speaking and then the f the first person reasserted the floor kind of thing.

QMSum_87

Yeah.

QMSum_87

These are simplifying assumptions , didn't happen very often , there may be like three overlaps affected that way in the whole thing.

QMSum_87

I want to go back and listen to minute forty - one.

QMSum_87

Yeah , yeah.

QMSum_87

Cuz i i I find it interesting that there were a large number of overlaps and they were all two - speaker.

QMSum_87

Yeah.

QMSum_87

I mean what I thought what I would have thought in is that when there were a large number of overlaps , it was because everyone was talking at once , but uh apparently not.

QMSum_87

That 's interesting. That 's interesting.

QMSum_87

Yeah. Yeah. Mmm.

QMSum_87