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{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Since 2007, the RBA's outstanding reputation has been affected by the 'Securency' or NPA scandal. These RBA subsidiaries were involved in bribing overseas officials so that Australia might win lucrative note-printing contracts. The assets of the bank include the gold and foreign exchange reserves of Australia, which is estimated to have a net worth of A$101 billion. Nearly 94% of the RBA's employees work at its headquarters in Sydney, New South Wales and at the Business Resumption Site.", "The Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) came into being on 14 January 1960 as Australia 's central bank and banknote issuing authority, when the Reserve Bank Act 1959 removed the central banking functions from the Commonwealth Bank. The assets of the bank include the gold and foreign exchange reserves of Australia, which is estimated to have a net worth of A$101 billion. Nearly 94% of the RBA's employees work at its headquarters in Sydney, New South Wales and at the Business Resumption Site.", "RBA Recognized with the 2014 Microsoft US Regional Partner of the ... by PR Newswire. Contract Awarded for supply and support the. Securitisations System used for risk management and analysis. ", "The inner workings of a rebuildable atomizer are surprisingly simple. The coil inside the RBA is made of some type of resistance wire, normally Kanthal or nichrome. When a current is applied to the coil (resistance wire), it heats up and the heated coil then vaporizes the eliquid. 1 The bottom feed RBA is, perhaps, the easiest of all RBA types to build, maintain, and use. 2 It is filled from below, much like bottom coil clearomizer. 3 Bottom feed RBAs can utilize cotton instead of silica for the wick. 4 The Genesis, or genny, is a top feed RBA that utilizes a short woven mesh wire.", "Results-Based Accountability® (also known as RBA) is a disciplined way of thinking and taking action that communities can use to improve the lives of children, youth, families, adults and the community as a whole. RBA is also used by organizations to improve the performance of their programs. RBA improves the lives of children, families, and communities and the performance of programs because RBA: 1 Gets from talk to action quickly; 2 Is a simple, common sense process that everyone can understand; 3 Helps groups to surface and challenge assumptions that can be barriers to innovation;", "Results-Based Accountability® (also known as RBA) is a disciplined way of thinking and taking action that communities can use to improve the lives of children, youth, families, adults and the community as a whole. RBA is also used by organizations to improve the performance of their programs. Creating Community Impact with RBA. Community impact focuses on conditions of well-being for children, families and the community as a whole that a group of leaders is working collectively to improve. For example: “Residents with good jobs,” “Children ready for school,” or “A safe and clean neighborhood”.", "RBA uses a data-driven, decision-making process to help communities and organizations get beyond talking about problems to taking action to solve problems. It is a simple, common sense framework that everyone can understand. RBA starts with ends and works backward, towards means. The “end” or difference you are trying to make looks slightly different if you are working on a broad community level or are focusing on your specific program or organization. RBA improves the lives of children, families, and communities and the performance of programs because RBA: 1 Gets from talk to action quickly; 2 Is a simple, common sense process that everyone can understand; 3 Helps groups to surface and challenge assumptions that can be barriers to innovation;", "vs. NetIQ Identity Manager. Risk-based authentication (RBA) is a method of applying varying levels of stringency to authentication processes based on the likelihood that access to a given system could result in its being compromised. Risk-based authentication can be categorized as either user-dependent or transaction-dependent. User-dependent RBA processes employ the same authentication for every session initiated by a given user; the exact credentials that the site demands depend on who the user is.", "A rebuildable atomizer (RBA), often referred to as simply a “rebuildable,” is just a special type of atomizer used in the Vape Pen and Mod Industry that connects to a personal vaporizer. 1 The bottom feed RBA is, perhaps, the easiest of all RBA types to build, maintain, and use. 2 It is filled from below, much like bottom coil clearomizer. 3 Bottom feed RBAs can utilize cotton instead of silica for the wick. 4 The Genesis, or genny, is a top feed RBA that utilizes a short woven mesh wire.", "Get To Know Us. RBA is a digital and technology consultancy with roots in strategy, design and technology. Our team of specialists help progressive companies deliver modern digital experiences backed by proven technology engineering. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserve_Bank_of_Australia", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reserve_Bank_of_Australia", "http://acronyms.thefreedictionary.com/RBA", "https://www.slimvapepen.com/rebuildable-atomizer-rba/", "http://rba-africa.com/about/what-is-rba/", "http://resultsleadership.org/what-is-results-based-accountability-rba/", "http://rba-africa.com/about/what-is-rba/", "http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/definition/risk-based-authentication-RBA", "https://www.slimvapepen.com/rebuildable-atomizer-rba/", "http://www.rbaconsulting.com/" ] }

[ "Results-Based Accountability® (also known as RBA) is a disciplined way of thinking and taking action that communities can use to improve the lives of children, youth, families, adults and the community as a whole. RBA is also used by organizations to improve the performance of their programs. Creating Community Impact with RBA. Community impact focuses on conditions of well-being for children, families and the community as a whole that a group of leaders is working collectively to improve. For example: “Residents with good jobs,” “Children ready for school,” or “A safe and clean neighborhood”." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In his younger years, Ronald Reagan was a member of the Democratic Party and campaigned for Democratic candidates; however, his views grew more conservative over time, and in the early 1960s he officially became a Republican. In November 1984, Ronald Reagan was reelected in a landslide, defeating Walter Mondale and his running mate Geraldine Ferraro (1935-), the first female vice-presidential candidate from a major U.S. political party.", "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. A Reagan Democrat is a traditionally Democratic voter in the United States, especially a white working-class Northerner, who defected from their party to support Republican President Ronald Reagan in either or both the 1980 and 1984 elections. During the 1980 election a dramatic number of voters in the U.S., disillusioned with the economic 'malaise' of the 1970s and the presidency of Jimmy Carter (even more than, four years earlier, Liberal Republican Gerald Ford), supported former California governor (and former Democrat) Ronald Reagan.", "Ronald Reagan began his political life in the Democratic Party, but as he became more and more conservative, he ultimately changed to the Republican Party in the early 1960s. Yes, he switched parties in 1962. He said that he did not desert the Democrats but rather they deserted him. Yes, Ronald Reagan was a member of the Democratic Party until he s … witched to the Republican Party in 1962, at the age of 51. 8 people found this useful.", "Ronald Wilson Reagan (/ˈrɒnəld ˈwɪlsən ˈreɪɡən/ ; February 6, 1911 – June 5, 2004) was an American politician, commentator, and actor, who served as the 40th President of the United States from 1981 to 1989. I think Ronald Reagan changed the trajectory of America in a way that Richard Nixon did not and in a way that Bill Clinton did not. He put us on a fundamentally different path because the country was ready for it.", "When Reagan was a 'liberal Democrat'. In 1948, a very different sounding Ronald Reagan campaigned on the radio for Democrat Harry Truman. Listen to the old audio recording. ... more Duration: {{video.duration.momentjs}}. ", "Ronald Reagan (1911-2004), a former actor and California governor, served as the 40th U.S. president from 1981 to 1989. Raised in small-town Illinois, he became a Hollywood actor in his 20s and later served as the Republican governor of California from 1967 to 1975. In November 1984, Ronald Reagan was reelected in a landslide, defeating Walter Mondale and his running mate Geraldine Ferraro (1935-), the first female vice-presidential candidate from a major U.S. political party.", "1984 Re-Election. In November 1984, Ronald Reagan was re-elected in a landslide, defeating Democratic challenger Walter Mondale. Reagan carried 49 of the 50 U.S. states in the election, and received 525 of 538 electoral votes—the largest number ever won by an American presidential candidate. " ], "url": [ "http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/ronald-reagan", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reagan_Democrat", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Was_Ronald_Reagan_a_republican_or_a_democrat", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reagan", "http://www.msnbc.com/the-last-word/watch/when-reagan-was-a-liberal-democrat-219696195576", "http://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/ronald-reagan", "http://www.biography.com/people/ronald-reagan-9453198" ] }

[ "From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. A Reagan Democrat is a traditionally Democratic voter in the United States, especially a white working-class Northerner, who defected from their party to support Republican President Ronald Reagan in either or both the 1980 and 1984 elections. During the 1980 election a dramatic number of voters in the U.S., disillusioned with the economic 'malaise' of the 1970s and the presidency of Jimmy Carter (even more than, four years earlier, Liberal Republican Gerald Ford), supported former California governor (and former Democrat) Ronald Reagan." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Sydney, New South Wales, Australia is located in a coastal basin bordered by the Pacific Ocean to the east, the Blue Mountains to the west, the Hawkesbury River to the north and the Woronora Plateau to the south. The Sydney Statistical Division, used for census data, is the unofficial metropolitan area and covers 12,145 km² (4,689 mi²). This area includes the Central Coast and Blue Mountains as well as broad swathes of national park and other non-urban land.", "This itinerary will have you crossing the country to take in the Great Barrier Reef, Australia’s iconic reef in Queensland, before heading to Western Australia to see the breath taking Ningaloo Reef, one of Australia’s best kept secrets. View more information. 10 day-Sydney, rock and reef. It’s easy to see why Hamilton Island is one of the most popular spots for a getaway on the Great Barrier Reef. With palm-fringed beaches, top restaurants and stylish resorts, there’s plenty to do on land, while those keen to explore the clear waters of the Whitsundays will be richly rewarded.", "The Sydney central business district, Sydney harbour and outer suburbs from the West. North Sydney 's commercial district. The extensive area covered by urban Sydney is formally divided into more than 300 suburbs for addressing and postal purposes, and administered as 38 local government areas. The Sydney Statistical Division, used for census data, is the unofficial metropolitan area and covers 12,145 km² (4,689 mi²). This area includes the Central Coast and Blue Mountains as well as broad swathes of national park and other non-urban land.", "1 Taxis to the city centre should cost approximately $40 (including tolls), and more to other Sydney destinations (The Rocks $40-45, North Sydney $45, Manly $50, Parramatta $80-100 etc.) You can expect to pay a $3.80 airport taxi levy and a $5.50 Eastern Distributor toll on top of the metered fare. Newtown in Sydney's inner-west (approx 4km from the CBD) is renowned for its inexpensive cafes and restaurants on King St, in particular Thai food. It is highly popular among students from the nearby Sydney University.", "Sydney is the capital city of the Australian state of New South Wales, and Australia's largest city. A week in Sydney will help you see many of the sights of Sydney and its surrounds, and understand the city and its culture. If you're up for exploring the area by bike (one of the best ways to do so as much of it is parkland), take the train to Concord West station on the Northern Line (red line on the Sydney Trains map-about 20-25 minutes from the city on a direct train).", "Sydney Attractions. Sydney is home to some of Australia’s most iconic attractions. The Sydney Opera House is a thriving hub of art, culture and history. 1km (return) - 1.5 hour (each way)Step out of your car and into the past. This short walk, perfect for walking with children and for visitors with ties to the local area, pulls you back thro... http://www.nationalparks.nsw.gov.au/scheyville-national-park/migrant-heritage-walk/walking.", "Sydney lies on a submergent coastline, where the ocean level has risen to flood deep river valleys (rias) carved in the sandstone. There are more than 70 harbour and ocean beaches, including the famous Bondi Beach, in the urban area. Sydney's urban area covers 1,788 km² (690 mi²). The Sydney Statistical Division, used for census data, is the unofficial metropolitan area and covers 12,145 km² (4,689 mi²). This area includes the Central Coast and Blue Mountains as well as broad swathes of national park and other non-urban land.", "On your right across College Street, in the sandstone building on the corner, is the Australian Museum [3] ($12 adult/$6 children, $30 family (2+2)). This museum, which focuses on natural history, is worth a visit in its own right if you have more time in Sydney and will take a couple of hours to explore. If you're up for exploring the area by bike (one of the best ways to do so as much of it is parkland), take the train to Concord West station on the Northern Line (red line on the Sydney Trains map-about 20-25 minutes from the city on a direct train).", "The Rocks. This is a complete listing of the suburbs and localities in the greater Sydney area in alphabetical order. Sydney has about 38 local government areas, each consisting of several suburbs (suburbs in Australia are purely geographical, not political, divisions). See table below, Category:Suburbs of Sydney and Category:Local government areas in Sydney. Suburbs are listed here if they are inside the Sydney metro area, and are listed in the Geographical Names Register as being suburbs.", "Sydney is a very large city, and we haven't spent much time outside of the inner suburbs, apart from what you would have seen on the way to the Blue Mountains. On Day 5 we'll explore one of Sydney's parkland areas in the Sydney Olympic Park at Homebush Bay [63] . If you're up for exploring the area by bike (one of the best ways to do so as much of it is parkland), take the train to Concord West station on the Northern Line (red line on the Sydney Trains map-about 20-25 minutes from the city on a direct train)." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Sydney", "http://www.australia.com/en-us", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Sydney", "http://wikitravel.org/en/Sydney", "http://wikitravel.org/en/One_week_in_Sydney", "http://www.sydney.com/things-to-do/attractions", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_of_Sydney", "http://wikitravel.org/en/One_week_in_Sydney", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Sydney_suburbs", "http://wikitravel.org/en/One_week_in_Sydney" ] }

[ "Sydney is the capital city of the Australian state of New South Wales, and Australia's largest city. A week in Sydney will help you see many of the sights of Sydney and its surrounds, and understand the city and its culture. If you're up for exploring the area by bike (one of the best ways to do so as much of it is parkland), take the train to Concord West station on the Northern Line (red line on the Sydney Trains map-about 20-25 minutes from the city on a direct train)." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "In regards to tile installation costs, consumers can expect to pay an average of $25 per square foot, depending on the grade of material that is used. For a medium-sized shower, the price can cost about $2,000. Tile installation materials include:", "1 Polished nickel faucets-Average cost is $400 each plus four hours of installation; 2 Install ceramic tile floor to match shower-Average prices for installation are between $11 to $22 per square foot; 3 A light/fan combination-Averages at $180 and one hour", "Enhancement and improvement costs. 1 Polished nickel faucets-Average cost is $400 each plus four hours of installation; 2 Install ceramic tile floor to match shower-Average prices for installation are between $11 to $22 per square foot; 3 A light/fan combination-Averages at $180 and one hour of installation; 4 Insulate and re-finish ceilings and 5 ... Painti", "Granite shower tile is available at an average of $3.49 per square foot to $6.99 per square foot. Polished stone wall tile comes in many choices, including pebble stone that costs about $10 per square foot and $12 per square foot for a smooth surface polished stone tile.", "1 Higher-end tile such as granite or marble is going to cost more than a standard ceramic tile. 2 On average, plan on spending anywhere from $2,500 to as much as $5,000 or more for a standard 3′ x 5′ shower. 3 Showers can widely vary in size, but most of the time the cost will be within this price range.", "Our free calculator uses recent, trusted data to estimate costs for your Bathroom Floor Tile Installation project. For a basic 120 square feet project in zip code 47474, the benchmark cost to Install Bathroom Floor Tile ranges between $9.53 - $13.80 per square foot* .", "The cost for a typical small bathroom remodel will range from about $4,000 to $12,000 with the average cost being about $8,000. Let’s look at how the costs breakout starting with the most basic remodel including a new toilet, shower, vanity & sink and tile.", "The national average for a new shower installation project, when performed by a capable contractor, is $2,689. At the low-end of the normal cost range, homeowners are paying $1,109, and at the high end of the average range they’re spending $2,459. More luxurious showers can cost in excess of $10,000 to install.", "1 Install ceramic tile floor to match shower-Average prices for installation are between $11 to $22 per square foot; 2 A light/fan combination-Averages at $180 and one hour of installation; 3 Insulate and re-finish ceilings and walls-Fiberglass wall insulation with R-30 value will cost $2.25 per square foot." ], "url": [ "http://www.improvenet.com/r/costs-and-prices/shower-tiling", "http://www.fixr.com/costs/install-shower-stall", "http://www.fixr.com/costs/install-shower-stall", "http://www.improvenet.com/r/costs-and-prices/shower-tiling", "http://www.howmuchisit.org/tile-shower-cost/", "http://www.homewyse.com/services/cost_to_install_bathroom_floor_tile.html", "http://trianglegranite.com/how-much-does-it-cost-to-remodel-a-bathroom.php", "http://www.improvenet.com/r/costs-and-prices/shower-installation-cost-estimator", "http://www.fixr.com/costs/install-shower-stall" ] }

[ "1 Install ceramic tile floor to match shower-Average prices for installation are between $11 to $22 per square foot; 2 A light/fan combination-Averages at $180 and one hour of installation; 3 Insulate and re-finish ceilings and walls-Fiberglass wall insulation with R-30 value will cost $2.25 per square foot." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Conclusions: In adult body CT, dose to an organ fully encompassed by the primary radiation beam can be estimated from CTDI vol using a protocol-independent conversion coefficient. However, fully encompassed organs only account for 50% ± 19% of k factor and 46% ± 24% of q factor. Dose received by partially encompassed organs is also substantial. To estimate effective dose and risk index from DLP, it is necessary to use conversion coefficients specific to the anatomical region examined.", "The brain uses loads and loads of energy which is a major challenge for your metabolism-the organ which uses most energy prefers to run on the fuel that can be stored worst. Fatty acids can be converted to ketones, which can partly power the brain. More about the brain later, it is not that simple.", "Conversion disorder is a type of somatoform disorder where physical symptoms or signs are present that cannot be explained by a medical condition. Very importantly, unlike factitious disorders and malingering, the symptoms of somatoform disorders are not intentional or under conscious control of the patient.", "Conversion disorder is a mental condition in which a person has blindness, paralysis, or other nervous system (neurologic) symptoms that cannot be explained by medical evaluation.", "Conversion disorder symptoms may appear suddenly after a stressful event or trauma, whether physical or psychological. Signs and symptoms that affect movement function may include: 1 Weakness or paralysis. 2 Abnormal movement, such as tremors or difficulty walking. 3 Loss of balance.", "Glucose. Glucose is a carbohydrate, and is the most important simple sugar in human metabolism. Glucose is called a simple sugar or a monosaccharide because it is one of the smallest units which has the characteristics of this class of carbohydrates. Glucose is also sometimes called dextrose. Corn syrup is primarily glucose.", "Sometimes people with conversion disorder have tremors or symptoms that resemble fainting spells or seizures * . There also may be loss of feeling in various parts of the body, or loss of the sense of smell, and symptoms may occur together.", "Glucose is a carbohydrate, and is the most important simple sugar in human metabolism. Glucose is called a simple sugar or a monosaccharide because it is one of the smallest units which has the characteristics of this class of carbohydrates. Glucose is also sometimes called dextrose. Corn syrup is primarily glucose." ], "url": [ "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3482255/", "http://ds9a.nl/metabolism/conversion.html", "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/287464-overview", "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000954.htm", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/conversion-disorder/basics/symptoms/CON-20029533", "http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Organic/sugar.html", "http://www.humanillnesses.com/Behavioral-Health-Br-Fe/Conversion-Disorder.html", "http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/Organic/sugar.html" ] }

[ "Conversion disorder is a type of somatoform disorder where physical symptoms or signs are present that cannot be explained by a medical condition. Very importantly, unlike factitious disorders and malingering, the symptoms of somatoform disorders are not intentional or under conscious control of the patient." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Get the Latest health and medical information delivered direct to your inbox! The lungs are a pair of spongy, air-filled organs located on either side of the chest (thorax). The trachea (windpipe) conducts inhaled air into the lungs through its tubular branches, called bronchi. The bronchi then divide into smaller and smaller branches (bronchioles), finally becoming microscopic. Between the alveoli is a thin layer of cells called the interstitium, which contains blood vessels and cells that help support the alveoli. The lungs are covered by a thin tissue layer called the pleura. The same kind of thin tissue lines the inside of the chest cavity -- also called pleura.", "your lungs are just inside your ribcage, from the chest in. there is your heart, stomach, spine, some arm muscles, and big arteries and veins between your lungs and your back … skin. there is just the ribcage and a couple big blood vessels between the lungs and the chest. 4 people found this useful. ", "When you have pain in your lungs and back pain, or upper back pain from your lungs, it could be the earliest signs of some very serious problems such as lung cancer, or it may only be a coincidence. You may only have something as simple as mechanical back pain, and bronchitis. There are also many possible causes of lung or breathing pain, which are not associated with your back or spine. Among these would be a collapsed lung, or an infection of some type, such as pneumonia or an abscess. You may also have pleuritis or pleurisy, an inflammation of the pleura that covers the lungs.", "© 2014 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved. The lungs are a pair of spongy, air-filled organs located on either side of the chest (thorax). The trachea (windpipe) conducts inhaled air into the lungs through its tubular branches, called bronchi. The bronchi then divide into smaller and smaller branches (bronchioles), finally becoming microscopic. ", "1. Get help from a doctor now ›. under ribs: The lungs in the front and back are inside the rib cage. This is why doctors will place a stethoscope on the back as well as the front to evaluate the function of the lungs. ...Read more. 1 Where are your kidneys located on your back in women. 2 Where are the lungs located in the back. 3 Where are lungs located in your body. 4 Ask a doctor a question free online. 5 Where are the lungs located in the human body.", "completely unrelated to the lungs. There are many possible causes of upper back pain, but the most common cause is muscle strain. Ligament and tendon strains and sprains may also occur in the upper back. Mechanical back pain or disc herniation is possible. There are also many possible causes of lung or breathing pain, which are not associated with your back or spine. Among these would be a collapsed lung, or an infection of some type, such as pneumonia or an abscess. You may also have pleuritis or pleurisy, an inflammation of the pleura that covers", "your lungs are located on the right and left side of your body just up from your waistline. They are inside your ribs from front to back, top to bottom. Your heart sits in the space between them. They have different lobes, so your pneumonia could be in a part of your lungs that reflects to your back causing the pain. Take your medicine and rest, get well soon.", "In humans, the lungs are located on either side of the heart in the chest, with the left lung sharing the left side of the space with the heart, which sits in an impression called the cardiac notch. In this image, lung tissue has been dissected away to reveal the bronchioles. The lung is the essential respiratory organ in many air-breathing animals, including most tetrapods, a few fish and a few snails. In mammals and most other vertebrates, two lungs are located near the backbone on either side of the heart.", "Your Lungs and Back Pain. When you are having pain in your lungs, and back pain, they may or may not be related. Learning the signs of lung cancer, the causes of lung disease, and understanding the causes of back pain will help you to find out if the pain in your lungs and the pain in your back are associated. There are also many possible causes of lung or breathing pain, which are not associated with your back or spine. Among these would be a collapsed lung, or an infection of some type, such as pneumonia or an abscess. You may also have pleuritis or pleurisy, an inflammation of the pleura that covers the lungs.", "Your heart is located under your ribcage in the center of your chest between your right and left lungs. Its muscular walls beat, or contract, pumping blood to all parts of your body. The size of your heart can vary depending on your age, size, and the condition of your heart. Oxygen-rich blood from your lungs passes through the pulmonary veins (shown in red to the right of the left atrium in figure B above). The blood enters the left atrium and is pumped into the left ventricle. From the left ventricle, the oxygen-rich blood is pumped to the rest of your body through the aorta." ], "url": [ "http://www.medicinenet.com/image-collection/lungs_picture/picture.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Lungs_in_front_or_back_of_body", "http://www.living-with-back-pain.org/lungs-back-pain.html", "http://www.webmd.com/lung/picture-of-the-lungs", "https://www.healthtap.com/topics/where-are-lungs-located-in-your-back", "http://www.living-with-back-pain.org/lungs-back-pain.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080212194118AA6RGIC", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lung", "http://www.living-with-back-pain.org/lungs-back-pain.html", "http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/hhw/anatomy" ] }

[ "1. Get help from a doctor now ›. under ribs: The lungs in the front and back are inside the rib cage. This is why doctors will place a stethoscope on the back as well as the front to evaluate the function of the lungs. ...Read more. 1 Where are your kidneys located on your back in women. 2 Where are the lungs located in the back. 3 Where are lungs located in your body. 4 Ask a doctor a question free online. 5 Where are the lungs located in the human body." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "“there will be post-filing costs once the Patent Examiner starts to examine the application filed, but those will be the subject of a future article. Still, you should budget at least another $5,000 to $7,500 for prosecution and issue fees to the Patent Office.”. By way of example, you could probably find an attorney to write a patent for a business method or computer software for quite cheap, but a cheap computer related patent would not be nearly as strong as a patent application costing $20,000 or more. The devil is always in the details.", "$8,000 - $15,000. Cost to patent an electronics invention. “If you've got a mechanical invention, [a patent will] cost between $5,000 to $10,000 including attorney's fees and filing fees. If you're talking about electronics, the cost goes up to more like $8,000 to $15,000. $100,000 or more for worldwide patent rights. “Getting even a simple patent approved -- a process known as ‘prosecuting’ the patent application -- can cost up to $10,000 domestically and $100,000 or more for worldwide rights…” Cost of getting a patent.", "“Patent attorneys are expensive — it's not unusual for the patent process to cost inventors $5,000 to $15,000.” (Don Dedelak, “How To Find A Company To Make And Market An Invention” Entrepreneur, April 1, 2001). $5000 to $7000 in attorney’s fees for a simple patent application. $100,000 or more for worldwide patent rights. “Getting even a simple patent approved -- a process known as ‘prosecuting’ the patent application -- can cost up to $10,000 domestically and $100,000 or more for worldwide rights…” Cost of getting a patent.", "The costs can add up quickly no doubt, and there will be post-filing costs once the Patent Examiner starts to examine the application filed, but those will be the subject of a future article. Still, you should budget at least another $5,000 to $7,500 for prosecution and issue fees to the Patent Office. By way of example, you could probably find an attorney to write a patent for a business method or computer software for quite cheap, but a cheap computer related patent would not be nearly as strong as a patent application costing $20,000 or more. The devil is always in the details.", "The filing fee is $130 for a small entity and drawings typically cost $100 to $125 per page, so a high quality provisional patent application for a mechanical or electrical device can typically be prepared and filed for $2,500 to $3,000. By way of example, you could probably find an attorney to write a patent for a business method or computer software for quite cheap, but a cheap computer related patent would not be nearly as strong as a patent application costing $20,000 or more. The devil is always in the details.", "The cost of a patent can vary widely depending on, not only the complexity of the invention, but also the intended market. The most expensive patents are international patents, which can run up to $100,000 or higher. Domestically the costs can be $10,000 or above. Patent applications involve lots of text and drawings, even for simpler inventions. The first step in the patent application process is to file a non provisional patent application, which involves paying attorney fees in the range of $5000 to $15,000 or more, depending on the intricacies of the invention. The amount you spend on a patent application will also depend on the market opportunities", "1 Rates for patent attorneys to prepare a patent application and defend it during the approval process range from $3,500 to $25,000 or more, depending on the complexity. 2 Attorneys fees may be based on hourly rates of $150-$400, depending on the services provided. 1 Computer software patents can be simple, moderately complex or extremely complex, depending on the nature of the application. 2 ", "$10,000. Potential cost of prosecuting a domestic U.S. patent application. “Getting even a simple patent approved -- a process known as ‘prosecuting’ the patent application -- can cost up to $10,000 domestically and $100,000 or more for worldwide rights…” Patent application cost. $100,000 or more for worldwide patent rights. “Getting even a simple patent approved -- a process known as ‘prosecuting’ the patent application -- can cost up to $10,000 domestically and $100,000 or more for worldwide rights…” Cost of getting a patent." ], "url": [ "http://www.ipwatchdog.com/2015/04/04/the-cost-of-obtaining-a-patent-in-the-us/id=56485/", "http://www.inventionstatistics.com/patent_cost.html", "http://www.inventionstatistics.com/patent_cost.html", "http://www.ipwatchdog.com/2015/04/04/the-cost-of-obtaining-a-patent-in-the-us/id=56485/", "http://www.ipwatchdog.com/2015/04/04/the-cost-of-obtaining-a-patent-in-the-us/id=56485/", "http://www.invents.com/how-much-does-a-patent-cost/", "http://smallbusiness.costhelper.com/patent.html", "http://www.inventionstatistics.com/patent_cost.html" ] }

[ "The cost of a patent can vary widely depending on, not only the complexity of the invention, but also the intended market. The most expensive patents are international patents, which can run up to $100,000 or higher. Domestically the costs can be $10,000 or above. Patent applications involve lots of text and drawings, even for simpler inventions. The first step in the patent application process is to file a non provisional patent application, which involves paying attorney fees in the range of $5000 to $15,000 or more, depending on the intricacies of the invention. The amount you spend on a patent application will also depend on the market opportunities" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Three well-known Greek tragedy playwrights of the fifth century are Sophocles, and Euripedes. Aeschylus, who was a competitor at the City Dionysia around 499 B.C., wrote some of the oldest tragedies in the world. Aeschylus is attributed with the introducing the second actor to the stage. Another Greek playwright was Sophocles, and only seven of his tragedies--including the still-popular Antigone, Electra, and Oedipus Rex --have survived. Sophocles won twenty-four contests for his plays, never placing lower than second place.", "Our knowledge of Greek tragedy is limited. Close to 900 tragedies were presented at Athens in the fifth century BC. We know that the three great tragedians, Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides, wrote about 220 tragedies. We have seven surviving plays from Aeschylus and Sophocles each and nineteen from Euripides, of which at least one is not a tragedy, but a satyr play. All in all, only 32 tragedies have survived.", "(1777-1779, the final lines of Oedipus at Colonnus). Sophocles of Kolōnos (c. 496 - c. 406 BCE) was one of the most famous and celebrated writers of tragedy plays in ancient Greece and his surviving works, written throughout the 5th century BCE, include such classics as Oedipus the King, Antigone, and Women of Trachis. The most famous playwrights of the genre were Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides and many of their works were still performed centuries after their initial premiere. Greek tragedy led to Greek comedy and, together, these... [ continue reading ].", "by Mark Cartwright. Greek tragedy was a popular and influential form of drama performed in theatres across ancient Greece from the late 6th century BCE. The most famous playwrights of the genre were Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides and many of their works were still performed centuries after their initial premiere. Greek tragedy led to Greek comedy and, together, these genres formed the foundation upon which all modern theatre is based. In the Roman world, tragedy plays were translated and imitated in Latin, and the genre gave rise to a new art form from the 1st century BCE, pantomime, which drew inspiration from the presentation and subject matter of Greek tragedy.", "Occupation: Playwright. Euripides was an ancient writer of Greek tragedy -- the third of the famous trio (with Sophocles and Aeschylus). He wrote about women and mythological themes, like Medea and Helen of Troy. He enhanced the importance of intrigue in tragedy. ", "The best playwrights of the day were famous celebrities in Ancient Greece. There were often competitions during festivals and the playwright with the best play was presented an award. The most famous Greek playwrights were Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides, and Aristophanes. History Ancient Greece. 1 Tragedy-Greek tragedies were very serious plays with a moral lesson. 2 They usually told the story of a mythical hero who would eventually meet his doom because of his pride.", "Three well-known Greek tragedy playwrights of the fifth century are Sophocles, Euripides and Aeschylus. Comedy was also an important part of ancient Greek theatre. Comedy plays were derived from imitation; there are no traces of its origin. Aristophanes wrote most of the comedy plays. ", "Sophocles of Kolōnos (c. 496 - c. 406 BCE) was one of the most famous and celebrated writers of tragedy plays in ancient Greece and his surviving works, written throughout the 5th century BCE, include such classics as Oedipus the King, Antigone, and Women of Trachis. In the Roman world, tragedy plays were translated and imitated in Latin, and the genre gave rise to a new art form from the 1st century BCE, pantomime, which drew inspiration from the presentation and subject matter of Greek tragedy.", "Euripides (c. 484-407 BCE) was one of the greatest authors of Greek tragedy. In 5th century BCE Athens his classic works such as Medeia cemented his reputation for clever dialogues, fine choral lyrics and a gritty realism in both his text and stage presentations. In the Roman world, tragedy plays were translated and imitated in Latin, and the genre gave rise to a new art form from the 1st century BCE, pantomime, which drew inspiration from the presentation and subject matter of Greek tragedy." ], "url": [ "http://www.cwu.edu/~robinsos/ppages/resources/Theatre_History/Theahis_2.html", "http://cgim.dbq.edu/cgim/greece05/greek_tragedy.htm", "http://www.ancient.eu/sophocles/", "http://www.ancient.eu/Greek_Tragedy/", "http://ancienthistory.about.com/od/medeaeuripides/p/Euripides.htm", "http://www.ducksters.com/history/ancient_greece/drama_and_theatre.php", "http://www.ancientgreece.com/s/Theatre/", "http://www.ancient.eu/Greek_Tragedy/", "http://www.ancient.eu/Greek_Tragedy/" ] }

[ "by Mark Cartwright. Greek tragedy was a popular and influential form of drama performed in theatres across ancient Greece from the late 6th century BCE. The most famous playwrights of the genre were Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides and many of their works were still performed centuries after their initial premiere. Greek tragedy led to Greek comedy and, together, these genres formed the foundation upon which all modern theatre is based. In the Roman world, tragedy plays were translated and imitated in Latin, and the genre gave rise to a new art form from the 1st century BCE, pantomime, which drew inspiration from the presentation and subject matter of Greek tragedy." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "All extant conifers are woody plants with secondary growth, the great majority being trees with just a few being shrubs. Typical examples of conifers include cedars, Douglas-firs, cypresses, firs, junipers, kauri, larches, pines, hemlocks, redwoods, spruces, and yews. The conifers are an ancient group, with a fossil record extending back about 300 million years to the Paleozoic in the late Carboniferous period; even many of the modern genera are recognizable from fossils 60–120 million years old.", "Since most conifers are evergreens, the leaves of many conifers are long, thin and have a needle-like appearance, but others, including most of the Cupressaceae and some of the Podocarpaceae, have flat, triangular scale-like leaves. The conifers are an ancient group, with a fossil record extending back about 300 million years to the Paleozoic in the late Carboniferous period; even many of the modern genera are recognizable from fossils 60–120 million years old.", "The earliest conifers in the fossil record date to the late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) period (about 300 million years ago), possibly arising from Cordaites, a seed-bearing plant with cone-like fertile structures. The conifers are an ancient group, with a fossil record extending back about 300 million years to the Paleozoic in the late Carboniferous period; even many of the modern genera are recognizable from fossils 60–120 million years old.", "A conifer is a tree or shrub which produces distinctive cones as part of its sexual reproduction. These woody plants are classified among the gymnosperms, and they have a wide variety of uses, from trapping carbon in the environment to providing resins which can be used in the production of solvents. Several features beyond the cones set conifers apart from other types of woody plants. A conifer is typically evergreen, although some individuals are deciduous, and almost all conifers have needle or scale-like leaves.", "Full Definition of CONIFER. : any of an order (Coniferales) of mostly evergreen trees and shrubs having usually needle-shaped or scalelike leaves and including forms (as pines) with true cones and others (as yews) with an arillate fruit. — co·nif·er·ous \\kō-ˈni-f(ə-)rəs, kə-\\ adjective.", "Any of various trees or shrubs that bear cones. Conifers are dependent on the wind to blow pollen produced by the male cones to the female cones, where seeds develop. Conifers are usually evergreen, often have needle-shaped or scale-like leaves, and include the pine, fir, spruce, hemlock, and yew. See Note at pollination. 1. conifer-any gymnospermous tree or shrub bearing cones. coniferous tree. pine, pine tree, true pine-a coniferous tree. larch tree, larch-any of numerous conifers of the genus Larix all having deciduous needlelike leaves.", "Conifer Health Solutions is a health services company like no other. What makes us exceptional is that we focus on strengthening both the financial health of your organization and the personal health of your patients, your community, your employees and your members. ", "The conifers, division Pinophyta, also known as division Coniferophyta or Coniferae, are one of 12 extant division-level taxa within the Kingdom Plantae (Viridiplantae) and 10 within the extant land plants. The conifers are an ancient group, with a fossil record extending back about 300 million years to the Paleozoic in the late Carboniferous period; even many of the modern genera are recognizable from fossils 60–120 million years old.", "Definition of CONIFER for Kids. : any of a group of mostly evergreen trees and shrubs (as pines) that typically produce cones and have leaves resembling needles or scales in shape. — co·nif·er·ous \\kō-ˈni-fə-rəs, kə-\\ adjective. : any of an order (Coniferales) of mostly evergreen trees and shrubs having usually needle-shaped or scalelike leaves and including forms (as pines) with true cones and others (as yews) with an arillate fruit. — co·nif·er·ous \\kō-ˈni-f(ə-)" ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinophyta", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinophyta", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinophyta", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-a-conifer.htm", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/conifer", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/conifer", "http://coniferhealth.com/about-us/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinophyta", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/conifer" ] }

[ "A conifer is a tree or shrub which produces distinctive cones as part of its sexual reproduction. These woody plants are classified among the gymnosperms, and they have a wide variety of uses, from trapping carbon in the environment to providing resins which can be used in the production of solvents. Several features beyond the cones set conifers apart from other types of woody plants. A conifer is typically evergreen, although some individuals are deciduous, and almost all conifers have needle or scale-like leaves." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "For an example, a human gamete contains only 23 chromosomes where as a human somatic cell contains 46 chromosomes. Germ cells are the cells which give rise to gametes. Meiosis takes place during gametogenesis (process of gamete production) giving rise to haploid cells. • Somatic cells contain homologous pairs of chromosomes, whereas gametes contain only unpaired chromosomes. • Somatic cells form internal and external structures of the body, whereas gametes do not. • Somatic cells are found almost everywhere in the body, whereas gametes are restricted to certain parts.", "Unlike the somatic cells, gametes are haploid cells, which carry unpaired chromosomes. A gamete of a particular multicellular organism always carries only half the number of chromosomes carried by a somatic cell of that particular organism. • Somatic cells contain homologous pairs of chromosomes, whereas gametes contain only unpaired chromosomes. • Somatic cells form internal and external structures of the body, whereas gametes do not. • Somatic cells are found almost everywhere in the body, whereas gametes are restricted to certain parts.", "In humans, n = 23. Gametes contain half the chromosomes contained in normal diploid cells of the body, which are also known as somatic cells. Haploid gametes are produced during meiosis, which is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in a parent diploid cell by half. The term haploid can also refer to the number of chromosomes in egg or sperm cells, which are also called gametes. In humans, gametes are haploid cells that contain 23 chromosomes, each of which a one of a chromosome pair that exists in diplod cells.", "In animals, somatic cells are produced by mitosis and ________ are produced by meiosis. After telophase I of meiosis, the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell is. A) diploid, and the chromosomes are composed of a single chromatid. B) diploid, and the chromosomes are composed of two chromatids. C) ha", "Haploid describes a cell that contains a single set of chromosomes. The term haploid can also refer to the number of chromosomes in egg or sperm cells, which are also called gametes. In humans, gametes are haploid cells that contain 23 chromosomes, each of which a one of a chromosome pair that exists in diplod cells. The number of chromosomes in a single set is represented as n, which is also called the haploid number", "Relevance. Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: A. gametes The reason gametes are produced by meiosis is because meiosis creates 4 'daughter' cells from the original 'parent' cell, but each daughter cell contains only half the chromosomes of the parent. ", "In animals somatic cells are produced by mitosis and answer here are produced by meiosis. a. gametes b. clones c. zygotes d. spores e. Gametes are your haploid sex cells which are formed by meiosis. Gametes combined to form a zygote which is a diploid cell. Spores are haploid plant sex cells. Clones doesn`t even make sense ..", "Gametes are an organism's reproductive cells. They are also referred to as sex cells. Female gametes are called ova or egg cells, and male gametes are called sperm. Gametes are haploid cells, and each cell carries only one copy of each chromosome. These reproductive cells are produced through a type of cell division called meiosi", "Gametes (sperm and ova) are haploid cells. The haploid gametes produced by most organisms combine to form a zygote with n pairs of chromosomes, i.e. 2 n chromosomes in total. The chromosomes in each pair, one of which comes from the sperm and one from the egg, are said to be homologous. Cells and organisms with pairs of homologous chromosomes are called diploid. For example, most animals are diploid and produce haploid gametes. During meiosis, sex cell precursors have their number of chromosomes halved by randomly choosing one member of each pair of chromosomes, resulting in" ], "url": [ "http://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-somatic-cells-and-vs-gametes/", "http://www.differencebetween.com/difference-between-somatic-cells-and-vs-gametes/", "http://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/haploid-309", "http://www.funnelbrain.com/c-607796-animals-somatic-cells-produced-mitosis-produced-meio.html", "http://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/haploid-309", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20120331124817AA4ykUu", "http://www.answers.com/Q/In_animals_somatic_cells_are_produced_by_mitosis_and_answer_here_are_produced_by_meiosis._a._gametes_b._clones_c._zygotes_d._spores_e._diploid_cells", "http://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/gamete-gametes-311", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haploid" ] }

[ "In animals, somatic cells are produced by mitosis and ________ are produced by meiosis. After telophase I of meiosis, the chromosomal makeup of each daughter cell is. A) diploid, and the chromosomes are composed of a single chromatid. B) diploid, and the chromosomes are composed of two chromatids. C) ha", "Gametes (sperm and ova) are haploid cells. The haploid gametes produced by most organisms combine to form a zygote with n pairs of chromosomes, i.e. 2 n chromosomes in total. The chromosomes in each pair, one of which comes from the sperm and one from the egg, are said to be homologous. Cells and organisms with pairs of homologous chromosomes are called diploid. For example, most animals are diploid and produce haploid gametes. During meiosis, sex cell precursors have their number of chromosomes halved by randomly choosing one member of each pair of chromosomes, resulting in" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "For the TV special, see The Cat in the Hat (TV special) . For the 2003 film, see The Cat in the Hat (film) . For the disambiguation, see The Cat in the Hat (disambiguation) . The Cat in the Hat is a children's book written and illustrated by Theodor Geisel under the pen name Dr. Seuss and first published in 1957. The story centers on a tall anthropomorphic cat, who wears a red and white-striped hat and a red bow tie", "While many children and adults have enjoyed books by Dr. Seuss, very few actually know anything about Dr. Seuss himself. Dr. Seuss was born in 1904 and was given the name Theodor Seuss Geisel. He grew up in Springfield, Massachusetts and left town as a young man to attend Dartmouth College in New Hampshire. ", "The Cat in the Hat is a farm cat of Dr. Seuss's short story The Cat in the Hat. With his book being an overwhelmingly successful best-seller, the Cat in the Hat has become a logo for Random House's beginner books, the production logo for all of Seuss's animated shorts, and Dr. Seuss's most popular character world wide. The Cat in the Hat emblem has been featured on most every book published by the company since the character’s debut. “The Cat in the Hat Productions” was also the name of the production company that animated the Dr. Seuss specials from 1966 to 1989, the Cat in the Hat of course being the mascot as well.", "Theodor Seuss Geisel (/ˈsɔɪs/ /ˈɡaɪ.zəl/ ; March 2, 1904 – September 24, 1991) was an American writer and illustrator best known for authoring popular children's books under the pen name Dr. Seuss (/suːs/). Geisel adopted his Dr. Seuss pseudonym during his university studies at Dartmouth College and the University of Oxford. After leaving Oxford in 1927 he began his career as an illustrator and cartoonist for Vanity Fair, Life, and various other publications.", "The Cat in the Hat would change all that. Seuss wrote the book to teach children how to read, and its success allowed him to write full-time for children. Indeed, the Cat made Dr. Seuss a household name. With the publication of The Cat in the Hat in the spring of 1957 and of How the Grinch Stole Christmas! later that year, Dr. Seuss became an icon of American children's literature. He was born Theodor Seuss Geisel in Springfield, Massachusetts, on March 2, 1904.", "Returning to children's books, he wrote many works, including such favorites as If I Ran the Zoo, (1950), Horton Hears a Who! (1955), If I Ran the Circus (1956), The Cat in the Hat (1957), How the Grinch Stole Christmas (1957) and Green Eggs and Ham (1960). Geisel adopted his Dr. Seuss pseudonym during his university studies at Dartmouth College and the University of Oxford. After leaving Oxford in 1927 he began his career as an illustrator and cartoonist for Vanity Fair, Life, and various other publications.", "Dr. Seuss is the pen name of American author, poet and cartoonist Theodor Seuss Geisel (1904-1991). During his career, he wrote nearly 50 children’s books full of imaginative characters and memorable rhymes. He also wrote under the pen names Theo LeSieg and Rosetta Stone. Among the characters he created were The Cat in the Hat, The Grinch, The Lorax, Horton (of “Hears a Who” fame) and many more. Dr. Seuss’ first book was And To Think That I Saw It on Mulberry Street, published in 1937.", "The cat in the hat is a giant cat who wears a striped red and white hat, found in Dr. Seuss books. Mike Myers stars in the film Cat in the Hat. He plays … him, Dakota Fanning plays Sally, Spencer Breslin plays Conrad, Kelly Preston plays the mum. 1 person found this useful. ", "After the war Geisel focused on his children's books, writing classics such as If I Ran the Zoo (1950), Horton Hears a Who! (1955), If I Ran the Circus (1956), The Cat in the Hat (1957), How the Grinch Stole Christmas! (1957), and Green Eggs and Ham (1960). Geisel adopted his Dr. Seuss pseudonym during his university studies at Dartmouth College and the University of Oxford. After leaving Oxford in 1927 he began his career as an illustrator and cartoonist for Vanity Fair, Life, and various other publications.", "The Cat in the Hat is a children's book by Dr. Seuss, featuring a tall, anthropomorphic, mischievous cat, wearing a tall, red and white striped hat. With the series of Beginner Books that The Cat inaugurated, Seuss promoted both his name and the cause of elementary literacy in the United States. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cat_in_the_Hat", "http://www.ncsu.edu/project/lancet/fifth_grade/seuss5th.pdf", "http://seuss.wikia.com/wiki/The_Cat_in_the_Hat_(character)", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr._Seuss", "http://www.npr.org/2007/03/01/7651308/fifty-years-of-the-cat-in-the-hat", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr._Seuss", "http://www.orderofbooks.com/authors/dr-seuss/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Who_is_the_author_of_%27The_Cat_in_the_Hat%27", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr._Seuss", "http://seuss.wikia.com/wiki/The_Cat_in_the_Hat_(book)" ] }

[ "The Cat in the Hat is a children's book by Dr. Seuss, featuring a tall, anthropomorphic, mischievous cat, wearing a tall, red and white striped hat. With the series of Beginner Books that The Cat inaugurated, Seuss promoted both his name and the cause of elementary literacy in the United States. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Bake the chicken. Put the chicken in the oven and set a timer for 30 minutes. Check the chicken after 30 minutes. It should be ready when the skin is crispy and golden brown, or when the internal temperature has reached 180 degrees. Use a meat thermometer to check the temperature.", "Directions. 1 Put some olive oil in the bottom of a 9X13 pan (just enough to put the drumsticks on). 2 Add drumsticks (space enough apart so they aren't touching each other). 3 Sprinkle generously with pepper and garlic powder. 4 Bake at 375 for half an hour. 5 Bake another half an hour (or until cooked til 160 degrees)).", "1 Arrange chicken thighs/leg quarters skin side up in a shallow baking dish. 2 Sprinkle with garlic powder. 3 Drizzle about 1/2 teaspoon soy sauce on each piece. 4 Bake at 350 degrees Fahrenheit for 45 minutes to an hour, until the skin is crisp and brown and the meat is ready to fall off the bones.", "Preheat the oven to 400°F. Bake the chicken, uncovered, for 35 to 40 minutes or until the chicken is no longer pink inside. You can bake the chicken legs in a 375°F. oven, if desired. Increase the baking time to 45 to 50 minutes.", "Directions. 1 Arrange chicken thighs/leg quarters skin side up in a shallow baking dish. 2 Sprinkle with garlic powder. 3 Drizzle about 1/2 teaspoon soy sauce on each piece. 4 Bake at 350 degrees Fahrenheit for 45 minutes to an hour, until the skin is crisp and brown and the meat is ready to fall off the bones.", "1 Put some olive oil in the bottom of a 9X13 pan (just enough to put the drumsticks on). 2 Add drumsticks (space enough apart so they aren't touching each other). 3 Sprinkle generously with pepper and garlic powder. 4 Sprinkle lightly with salt. 5 Bake at 375 for half an hour.", "Heat canola oil in pan and place the coated chicken legs side by side in a pan turning to brown evenly. Cook 20 to 25 minutes until legs are cooked through.", "Directions. 1 Put some olive oil in the bottom of a 9X13 pan (just enough to put the drumsticks on). 2 Add drumsticks (space enough apart so they aren't touching each other). 3 Sprinkle generously with pepper and garlic powder. 4 Sprinkle lightly with salt. 5 Bake at 375 for half an hour." ], "url": [ "http://www.wikihow.com/Bake-Chicken-Legs", "http://www.food.com/recipe/simple-baked-chicken-drumsticks-443758", "http://www.food.com/recipe/baked-chicken-thighs-leg-quarters-199636", "http://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/how-to-oven-bake-chicken-legs/", "http://www.food.com/recipe/baked-chicken-thighs-leg-quarters-199636", "http://www.food.com/recipe/simple-baked-chicken-drumsticks-443758", "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/chicken-legs-recipe.html#!", "http://www.food.com/recipe/simple-baked-chicken-drumsticks-443758" ] }

[ "Directions. 1 Arrange chicken thighs/leg quarters skin side up in a shallow baking dish. 2 Sprinkle with garlic powder. 3 Drizzle about 1/2 teaspoon soy sauce on each piece. 4 Bake at 350 degrees Fahrenheit for 45 minutes to an hour, until the skin is crisp and brown and the meat is ready to fall off the bones." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Back to Top How much should a typical radiant system cost? On average, a radiant heating system will typically cost between $6-$12 per square foot to install. The variance in price is mainly affected by the amount of separate zoned areas and the overall size of the system.", "A well designed radiant system... will normally cost less than $3 per square foot, and less than $2 for a slab on grade .. Interestingly enough, the site also explains that the larger the home the lower the cost of the equipment, and gives a quote for a five thousand square foot installation at $2 per square foot.", "1 Expect to pay about $6-$16 a square foot for a professionally installed hydronic (hot water) radiant floor heating system, or $9,000-$22,500 or more for a 1,500 square foot home, depending on local rates, the number of temperature zones and the overall size of the system.", "Typical costs: 1 Expect to pay about $6-$16 a square foot for a professionally installed hydronic (hot water) radiant floor heating system, or $9,000-$22,500 or more for a 1,500 square foot home, depending on local rates, the number of temperature zones and the overall size of the system.", "Current electric charges in the area are about 15¢ per kWh, natural gas is about $1.40 a ccf, propane is about $3.00 a gallon, and oil is about $3.20 a gallon. The annual cost to heat a 2200 square foot existing house of average energy consumption for different combinations of fuels and furnaces: 1 Natural Gas in an 80% furnace: $1215.", "Our free calculator uses recent, trusted data to estimate costs for your Electric Radiant Floor Installation project. For a basic 125 square feet project in zip code 47474, the benchmark cost to Install Radiant Floor Heat ranges between $5.17 - $7.89 per square foot* . To estimate costs for your project: 1. Set Project Zip Code Enter the Zip Code for the location where labor is hired and materials purchased.", "On average the systems cost between $6-$12 per square foot of the conditioned space. In addition, an indirect fired storage option which we install for domestic water heating using the same space heating boiler will run between $4,500.00-$7,000.00." ], "url": [ "http://www.radiantheat.net/faq_equipment/", "http://www.fixr.com/costs/install-radiant-floor-heating", "http://home.costhelper.com/radiant-floor-heating.html", "http://home.costhelper.com/radiant-floor-heating.html", "http://www.energysvc.com/the-real-cost-of-heating/", "http://www.homewyse.com/services/cost_to_install_radiant_floor_heat.html", "http://www.radiantheat.net/faq_equipment/" ] }

[ "1 Expect to pay about $6-$16 a square foot for a professionally installed hydronic (hot water) radiant floor heating system, or $9,000-$22,500 or more for a 1,500 square foot home, depending on local rates, the number of temperature zones and the overall size of the system." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Basic concrete slab cost. I'll base my price on what my actual estimate would be to install a 6 thick concrete slab for one of my customers. Base cost for a 6 thick concrete slab -- $4.00 dollars per square foot --. Take the length of the concrete slab x the width of the slab to get the. total square footage. Multiply the total square footage by 4 (dollars) to get the total price. L x W x $4.00 in this example. ", "Get an INSTANT estimate of the cost to Install a Concrete Pad! Our free calculator uses recent, trusted data to estimate costs for your Concrete Pad Installation project. For a basic 120 square feet project in zip code 47474, the benchmark cost to Install a Concrete Pad ranges between $4.64 - $6.36 per square foot* . To estimate costs for your project: 1.", "Concrete Pads-Pricing and Installation Cost Notes. Homewyse cost estimates are approximate ranges for basic work in typical conditions. The estimates should only be used for preliminary planning. Homewyse estimates are NOT substitutes for quotes from qualified vendors. Do you need to know the average cost to install Concrete Pads in your zip code? Do you need an easy-to-understand 2015 estimate of Concrete Pad job options and costs? Get pricing INSTANTLY. Enter your options and zip code above-then select Update", "Labor. The cost to pour a concrete pad takes a big jump if you hire the pros, who charge per hour, per worker. If forming and pouring your pad takes three workers two days to complete at a cost of $30 per worker hour, it could add around $1,400 to your bill. That’s not counting concrete, reinforcement, excavation and fill sand costs.", "Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: Concrete needs to be poured about 4 inches deep. A 30ft x 30ft x 4 inch pad you would need about 11 cubic yards of concrete(this is how concrete is sold). Finished Concrete right now goes for anywhere from 120 to 150 dollars per cubic yard depending on where you live. SO thats about $1,200 to 1,500 dollars for the size your talking about, Source(s): ", "The Concrete Pads estimator will provide you with up to date pricing for your area. Simply enter your zip code and the square footage, next click update and you will see a breakdown on what it should cost to have Concrete Pads installed at your home. Example: a 10 x 10 area = 100 square feet. ", "In addition to the cubic yard cost, some delivery companies also have minimum purchase requirements. A cubic yard of concrete commonly runs between $80 and $165, and it’s standard to order a quarter of a yard extra in case you run short. For example, if you need 2 cubic yards to pour the pad, order 2 1/4 yards. If the pad is in a spot where a concrete truck cannot back up and dump the mix, you can order a pump truck, which can add another $300, or more, to the cost. If forming and pouring your pad takes three workers two days to complete at a cost of $30 per worker hour, it could add around $1,400 to your bill. That’s not counting concrete, reinforcement, excavation and fill sand costs.", "The average cost of the additional materials, including the limestone gravel, plastic sheeting, rebar and wire mesh adds an average of $3.44 per finished square foot of concrete pad. The average cost of labor to install a concrete pad is $54.50 per hour. Some cities may require inspections and permits in order to install a concrete pad. The fees associated with the permits and inspections will add to the overall cost of the project. 1 A stamper is used to create patterns after pouring. 2 Once hardened, the concrete is sealed to enhance the look and durability of the pad. 3 It is one of the most common subtypes of concrete used for concrete pads. 4 It costs an average of $2.45 per finished square foot due to the added chemicals in the concrete mix.", "1 The homewyse Concrete Pad cost estimates do not include costs for site regrading or excavation, or demolition and removal of existing hardscaping or structure(s). 2 The variation in installation costs for complex configurations (non-rectangular shape, many corners, multiple levels, etc.) can be considerable. Do you need to know the average cost to install Concrete Pads in your zip code? Do you need an easy-to-understand 2015 estimate of Concrete Pad job options and costs? Get pricing INSTANTLY. Enter your options and zip code above-then select Updat" ], "url": [ "http://www.everything-about-concrete.com/concrete-slab-cost.html", "http://homewyse.com/services/cost_to_install_concrete_pad.html", "http://homewyse.com/costs/cost_of_concrete_pads.html", "http://budgeting.thenest.com/much-concrete-pad-cost-29822.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081202111850AAEvbHT", "http://www.remodelingexpense.com/costs/cost-of-concrete-pads/", "http://budgeting.thenest.com/much-concrete-pad-cost-29822.html", "http://www.improvenet.com/r/costs-and-prices/concrete-pads", "http://homewyse.com/costs/cost_of_concrete_pads.html" ] }

[ "Get an INSTANT estimate of the cost to Install a Concrete Pad! Our free calculator uses recent, trusted data to estimate costs for your Concrete Pad Installation project. For a basic 120 square feet project in zip code 47474, the benchmark cost to Install a Concrete Pad ranges between $4.64 - $6.36 per square foot* . To estimate costs for your project: 1." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Known by multiple common names, such as humbug damselfish, three-striped damselfish and white-tailed damselfish, Dascyllus aruanus is a feisty little fish that adapts well to aquarium life. Three-striped damselfish can be pugnacious and are better introduced at the latter stages of setting up a marine fish community. Remove as many of the three-striped damselfish fry as you want to try and raise to a rearing aquarium, with an absence of adult fish and invertebrates that might look upon the young fish as tasty morsels for the taking. Dascyllus aruanus is a worthy first-time breeding project for up-and-coming marine aquarists.", "Damselfishes comprise the family Pomacentridae except those of the genera Amphiprion and Premnas, which are the anemonefishes. They can grow up to 14 inches (36 cm) long. While most are marine, a few species inhabit the lower stretches of rivers in fresh water. Damselfish usually have bright colors. Many species live in tropical coral reefs, and many of those are kept as marine aquarium pets. Their diets include small crustaceans, plankton, and algae.", "Size and appearance. The largest scientifically measured Striped Damsel was 10.0 cm / 3.9 in. The Striped Damsel is white and adorned with three black bars. A large brown spot is located on the dorsal part of the snout. The pelvic fins are black, the caudal fin is pale, and the pectoral fins are translucent. ", "Habits: Damselfish are found in all tropical and some semitropical seas, and certain species inhabit fresh or brackish water. Damselfish are most abundant in the Indo-Pacific region. They usually live in shallow water around coral reefs, mangroves, and beds of sea grass. More than 200 species of brightly colored damselfish can be found in the shallow waters of both tropical and semitropical seas. Even though these fish are small, they are extremely aggressive and vigorously defend their territory against competitive species and sometimes even against human divers.", "The following list of marine aquarium fish species commonly available in the aquarium trade is not a completely comprehensive list; certain rare specimens may available commercially yet not be listed here. ", "Care considerations: The three-striped damselfish can be kept by itself in setups of as little as 10 gallons, but a minimum aquarium size of 30 gallons is recommended. The three-striped damselfish needs to have plenty of crevices in the rockwork in which to occasionally hide and feel secure. Remove as many of the three-striped damselfish fry as you want to try and raise to a rearing aquarium, with an absence of adult fish and invertebrates that might look upon the young fish as tasty morsels for the taking. Dascyllus aruanus is a worthy first-time breeding project for up-and-coming marine aquarists.", "Blue Damselfish. Description of the Blue Damselfish The Blue Damselfish is also known as the Sapphire devil or Orangetail blue damselfish and is one of the most popular saltwater aquarium fish. The Blue Damselfish makes a beautiful addition to any aquarium, it is hardy and an ideal fish for the beginner. ", "1 Three Stripe Damsel Fish-These striking black and white fish are fairly aggressive and need a large aquarium with plenty of hiding places. 2 Cerulean Damsel Fish-These vividly coloured fish are very territorial and should be added to the aquarium only after more peaceful fish have had time to establish themselves. 1 Sulphur Damsel Fish-With exotic yellow colouration, these hardy and adaptable fish are aquarium favourites. 2 Blue Green Chromis-These stunningly beautiful iridescent fish are naturally hardy and peaceful by nature. 3 Despite being small they need a lot of swimming space.", "1 Yellowtail Damsel Fish-The most popular damsel fish available, these naturally resilient fish are comparatively peaceful if kept in a shoal in a tank where they feel secure. 2 Three Stripe Damsel Fish-These striking black and white fish are fairly aggressive and need a large aquarium with plenty of hiding places. 1 Sulphur Damsel Fish-With exotic yellow colouration, these hardy and adaptable fish are aquarium favourites. 2 Blue Green Chromis-These stunningly beautiful iridescent fish are naturally hardy and peaceful by nature. 3 Despite being small they need a lot of swimming space.", "The 3-Stripe Damselfish, also known as the Three Striped Damselfish, White-tailed Damselfish, and Humbug Dascyllus, is a popular fish. Three bold black bands are separated by two white bands with a smaller bar of white to offset the tail. QUICK STATS. " ], "url": [ "http://www.fishchannel.com/fish-species/saltwater-profiles/three-striped-damselfish-2.aspx", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damselfish", "http://www.aquaticcommunity.com/Damselfish/StripedDamsel.php", "http://ladywildlife.com/animals/damselfish.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_marine_aquarium_fish_species", "http://www.fishchannel.com/fish-species/saltwater-profiles/three-striped-damselfish-2.aspx", "http://www.fish-species.org.uk/marine-fish/07-blue-damselfish.htm", "http://www.allaquariuminfo.com/2014/01/damsel-fish-information-care-tankmates.html", "http://www.allaquariuminfo.com/2014/01/damsel-fish-information-care-tankmates.html", "http://www.liveaquaria.com/product/prod_display.cfm?c=15+28+104&pcatid=104" ] }

[ "Known by multiple common names, such as humbug damselfish, three-striped damselfish and white-tailed damselfish, Dascyllus aruanus is a feisty little fish that adapts well to aquarium life. Three-striped damselfish can be pugnacious and are better introduced at the latter stages of setting up a marine fish community. Remove as many of the three-striped damselfish fry as you want to try and raise to a rearing aquarium, with an absence of adult fish and invertebrates that might look upon the young fish as tasty morsels for the taking. Dascyllus aruanus is a worthy first-time breeding project for up-and-coming marine aquarists." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The first reference to the phrase, '...it is what it is,' that I've come across is from 1943, in a New York State hermit's letter to the editor of an Adirondack Mountain newspaper. The hermit was named Noah John Rondeau, and he concluded his letter with this particular phrase.", "While servant leadership is a timeless concept, the phrase “servant leadership” was coined by Robert K. Greenleaf in The Servant as Leader, an essay that he first published in 1970. In that essay, Greenleaf said:", "Related Questions. Who first coined the phrase, You got what you wanted, but you lost what you had or They got what they wanted, but they los... I know that this phrase is included in the Disney movie The Princess and the Frog, but I think it is much older than that.", "The phrase is stupid enough when rationalizing insufficient performance, but it’s especially damaging when “ It is what it is ” is used in framing a response to a problem. “Well, that route to the objective is blocked.", "While you’ll never hear me use the phrase “It is what it is”, there is value in maintaining a portion of your attitude that is stoic in nature. Know what you can control and what you can’t control. And the first thing to accept that you can’t control is the past.", "To say someone coined a phrase means that he or she first used it or is otherwise credited with its origin. Writer Francis Brett Young coined that particular phrase in 194 … 0.", "Brain (22,552). It is what it is, has become an all-purpose cliche used by celebrities, sports figures, politicians and population in general. In 1949, the adage was used in the Nebraska State Journal. In 1919, Edward Hegeler of The Monist, Vol 29, used the phrase in reference to a stick." ], "url": [ "http://painintheenglish.com/case/4284/", "https://www.greenleaf.org/what-is-servant-leadership/", "http://www.webanswers.com/social-sciences/language/origins-of-words/who-first-coined-the-phrase-it-is-what-it-is-66445f", "http://www.themilitaryleader.com/stupid-phrase-it-is-what-it-is/", "http://www.themilitaryleader.com/stupid-phrase-it-is-what-it-is/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Who_coined_the_phrase_'coined_the_phrase'", "http://www.webanswers.com/social-sciences/language/origins-of-words/who-first-coined-the-phrase-it-is-what-it-is-66445f" ] }

[ "The first reference to the phrase, '...it is what it is,' that I've come across is from 1943, in a New York State hermit's letter to the editor of an Adirondack Mountain newspaper. The hermit was named Noah John Rondeau, and he concluded his letter with this particular phrase." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Today's oilskins (or oilies) typically come in two parts, jackets and trousers. Oilskin jackets are generally similar to common rubberized waterproofs. The chief difference is a high spray collar. Some have hoods, often in a high-visibility colour to increase visibility if a wearer falls overboard. The cuffs of better oilskin jackets include an inner seal at the wrist similar to that on a scuba diver's drysuit to prevent water from being forced up the sleeve. Pockets on trousers and jackets are often lined with quick-drying synthetic fleece that is warm even when soaked.", "An oilskin is a waterproof garment, typically worn by sailors and by others in wet areas, such as fish-plant workers. The cuffs of better oilskin jackets include an inner seal at the wrist similar to that on a scuba diver's drysuit to prevent water from being forced up the sleeve. Pockets on trousers and jackets are often lined with quick-drying synthetic fleece that is warm even when soaked.", "Noun. 1. oilskin-a macintosh made from cotton fabric treated with oil and pigment to make it waterproof. slicker. mac, mack, mackintosh, macintosh-a waterproof raincoat made of rubberized fabric. 1. (Textiles). a. a cotton fabric treated with oil and pigment to make it waterproof. b. (as modifier): an oilskin hat. 2. (Clothing & Fashion) (often plural) a protective outer garment of this fabric.", "Adorable animal families that will make you aww. Oilskin is fabric that has been impregnated with oil to make it waterproof. Before the development of synthetic fibers, this was the material of choice for waterproof garments and coverings. Sailors, especially, grew familiar with oilskin, since it protected them from the elements on the job. It is still possible to buy oilskin fabric and garments made with it, and people can also make their own. Oils like beeswax make great waterproofers, and they smell pleasant, unlike the tar of old.", "n. 1. Cloth treated with oil to make it waterproof. 2. a. A garment made of oilskin or of a synthetic waterproof material, generally used by sailors. 1. (Textiles). a. a cotton fabric treated with oil and pigment to make it waterproof. b. (as modifier): an oilskin hat. 2. (Clothing & Fashion) (often plural) a protective outer garment of this fabric.", "Also known as foul weather gear, contemporary oilskins include such innovations as DWR-coated nylon on their low end and Gore-Tex and other proprietary waterproof membranes on the high. A Sou'wester, a traditional form of collapsible oilskin rain-hat, is longer in the back than the front to fully protect the neck. The cuffs of better oilskin jackets include an inner seal at the wrist similar to that on a scuba diver's drysuit to prevent water from being forced up the sleeve. Pockets on trousers and jackets are often lined with quick-drying synthetic fleece that is warm even when soaked.", "Fabric is sold by the running yard. If you purchase one yard of oilcloth you will be sent a piece that is 36 by 47. Fabric is sold in 1/4 yard increments, with a 1/2 yard minimum per fabric. Orders under 1/2 yard will automatically be increased to the minimum. If you need a lot of oilcloth you can buy it by the roll for $81.00. Each roll is 12 yards long", "True to the old adage they get along like oil and water, the reason oilskin works is the oil coating will not let the water pass through the fabric. This is why oilskin works, and is the Natural Waterproof Fabric. Cotton, as a natural fabric, does have a slight nap to it. ", "Outback Oilskin is produced from 100% Cotton, enabling the fabric to breathe. This property lends the fabric to not only high performance wet weather gear, but stylish casual clothing such as jackets and vests as well. ", "Oilcloth, also known as enameled cloth or (in England) American cloth, was close-woven cotton duck or linen cloth with a coating of boiled linseed oil to make it waterproof. " ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oilskin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oilskin", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/oilskin", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-oilskin.htm", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/oilskin", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oilskin", "http://www.mendels.com/Oilcloth/", "http://outbacktrading.blogspot.com/2009/12/what-is-oilskin-weather-protection.html", "http://www.outbacktrading.com/faq", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oilcloth" ] }

[ "Noun. 1. oilskin-a macintosh made from cotton fabric treated with oil and pigment to make it waterproof. slicker. mac, mack, mackintosh, macintosh-a waterproof raincoat made of rubberized fabric. 1. (Textiles). a. a cotton fabric treated with oil and pigment to make it waterproof. b. (as modifier): an oilskin hat. 2. (Clothing & Fashion) (often plural) a protective outer garment of this fabric." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Measles is a highly contagious virus that lives in the nose and throat mucus of an infected person. It can spread to others through coughing and sneezing. Also, measles virus can live for up to two hours in an airspace where the infected person coughed or sneezed.", "Rubella is contagious but less so than measles and chickenpox. How long does it take to show signs of rubella after being exposed? The incubation period varies from 12 to 23 days (av-erage, 14 days). Symptoms are often mild and may be subclinical or inapparent up to half of the time.", "Quick Answer. The German measles are contagious for 7 days before to 7 days after the rash appears, as noted by the New York State Department of Health. Rubella is another term for the German measles, and the disease itself is highly contagious and can be seen in patients through a rash, swollen glands a fever. Know More.", "A: The German measles are contagious for 7 days before to 7 days after the rash appears, as noted by the New York State Department of Health. Rubella is another term for the German measles, and the disease itself is highly contagious and can be seen in patients through a rash, swollen glands a fever. Know More.", "German measles (rubella) is caused by a highly contagious virus. A patient is contagious in the week before the rash outbreak until two weeks after the rash clears. The virus is spread when you inhale or touch secretions from an infected person.", "For most patients, vaccination is a safe and effective way to prevent German measles (rubella). The German measles vaccine is typically combined with vaccines for the measles and mumps, as well as varicella, the virus that causes chicken pox. These shots are usually given between 12 and 15 months of age." ], "url": [ "http://www.cdc.gov/measles/about/transmission.html", "http://immunize.org/catg.d/p4218.pdf", "http://www.ask.com/health/long-german-measles-contagious-cfd952e15226a56d", "http://www.ask.com/health/long-german-measles-contagious-cfd952e15226a56d", "http://www.healthline.com/health/rubella", "http://www.healthline.com/health/rubella" ] }

[ "Quick Answer. The German measles are contagious for 7 days before to 7 days after the rash appears, as noted by the New York State Department of Health. Rubella is another term for the German measles, and the disease itself is highly contagious and can be seen in patients through a rash, swollen glands a fever. Know More." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Camerata, a dormitory or a comrade in Italian or an adjective meaning chambered in Latin, may refer to: 1 Camerata (music) , a small chamber orchestra or choir. 2 Florentine Camerata, an Italian musical association of the late sixteenth century. ", "Origin of CAMERATA. New Latin, from Latin, neuter plural of cameratus, past participle of camerare to arch, from camera arched roof — more at chamber. This word doesn't usually appear in our free dictionary, but the definition from our premium Unabridged Dictionary is offered here on a limited basis. Note that some information is displayed differently in the Unabridged. To access the complete Unabridged Dictionary, with an additional 300,000 words that aren't in our free dictionary, start a free trial.", "The Camerata are a group of four powerful and influential individuals in the city of Cloudbank. Established by Grant Kendrell and Royce Bracket, the group circumvents the official administration and democratic nature of Cloudbank, in order to establish some form of stability in the ever-changing city. The group uses the Transistor to integrate various individuals of influence. The true reason for integration is unknown, perhaps the Camerata had moral objection to outright killing their targets. Integration, however, does also appear to increase the functionality of the Transistor.", "They met at the house of Giovanni de' Bardi, and their gatherings had the reputation of having all the most famous men of Florence as frequent guests. After first meeting in 1573, the activity of the Camerata reached its height between 1577 and 1582. While propounding a revival of the Greek dramatic style, the Camerata's musical experiments led to the development of the stile recitativo. In this way it facilitated the composition of dramatic music and the development of opera. Unifying the Camerata members was the belief that music had become corrupt, and by returning to the forms and style of the ancient Greeks, the art of music could be improved, and thereby society could be improved as well.", "Definition of CAMERATA. : the largest order of crinoids including all Paleozoic species that have the lower brachial plates included in the cup and the mouth and food grooves closed. ADVERTISEMENT. Note that some information is displayed differently in the Unabridged. To access the complete Unabridged Dictionary, with an additional 300,000 words that aren't in our free dictionary, start a free trial.", "The Camerata had a hard time keeping up with the constant thirst of new and exciting attractions for the citizens of Cloudbank, so they began regulating the city. They used the Transistor to absorb influential individuals in hopes of creating constant new and interesting concepts for the city. The group uses the Transistor to integrate various individuals of influence. The true reason for integration is unknown, perhaps the Camerata had moral objection to outright killing their targets. Integration, however, does also appear to increase the functionality of the Transistor.", "Not much is known about The Camerata. Its members are Grant Kendrell, Asher Kendrell, Sybil Reisz, and Royce Bracket. As a group, they are responsible for the disappearances of high profile people in Cloudbank. The numerous individuals who disappeared were killed by the Camerata, their Trace Data downloaded into the Transistor. Together, they intended to improve Cloudbank, using The Process as a canvas, and the Transistor as a brush.", "The term camerata is entirely a new construct coined by the members of Bardi's circle, although apparently based on the Italian word for chamber, camera, a term used for a room where important meetings were held. Unifying the Camerata members was the belief that music had become corrupt, and by returning to the forms and style of the ancient Greeks, the art of music could be improved, and thereby society could be improved as well.", "Take a journey into three superb classics with Camerata Chicago: Dvořak, Dvořák beethoven And rossini at The Wheaton College Artist. Series watch a special series of videos of renowned Cellist Joshua roman Performing’dvorak Dvorák S cello Concerto With camerata chicago At The Wheaton College. artist series There will also be a concert at the Wheaton College Artist Series on Sep 26. See Details …. Spring 2016: Cellist Julian Schwarz plays Haydn. Julian Schwarz joins Camerata Chicago to play the delightful Haydn Cello Concerto in C for our exciting Rising Star Series." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camerata", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Camerata", "http://transistor.wikia.com/wiki/The_Camerata", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florentine_Camerata", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Camerata", "http://transistor.wikia.com/wiki/The_Camerata", "http://transistor.gamepedia.com/Camerata", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florentine_Camerata", "http://www.cameratachicago.org/" ] }

[ "The Camerata are a group of four powerful and influential individuals in the city of Cloudbank. Established by Grant Kendrell and Royce Bracket, the group circumvents the official administration and democratic nature of Cloudbank, in order to establish some form of stability in the ever-changing city. The group uses the Transistor to integrate various individuals of influence. The true reason for integration is unknown, perhaps the Camerata had moral objection to outright killing their targets. Integration, however, does also appear to increase the functionality of the Transistor." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "There's nothing like the taste of a cake you made in your own kitchen. Baking a cake is as simple as measuring ingredients, mixing them in the right order, and remembering to take the cake out of the oven before it burns. Read on to learn how to bake three basic cakes: chocolate cake, apple cake, and vanilla pound cake. Scroll to the bottom for tips on how to follow a cake recipe. ", "A steady 325-350 degrees is ideal when it comes to baking pound cake. Position the pan in the middle of the oven, and rotate it once, halfway through the baking time, as it bakes to account for any hot spots. ", "Baking time will be slightly longer for 10-inch cake. 3. CHOCOLATE POUND CAKE. Cream butter, sugar ... and floured bundt pan, 10 inch pan or 2 (9x5x3 inch) loaf pans. Bake at ... pans. Bake until cake tester inserted in ... to drizzle down sides. 4. BUTTERMILK LEMON POUND CAKE. To prepare the pound cake: Grease and flour a 10-inch bundt pan or two 8 1/2 x 4 1/2 inch loaf pans. Put the ... hours, the loaf cakes for 40 to ... into slices", "1 This results in a pound cake with maximum volume. 2 Be patient. Beat softened butter (and cream cheese or vegetable shortening) at medium speed with an electric mixer until creamy. 3 This can take from 1 to 7 minutes, depending on the power of your mixer. 4 Gradually add sugar, continuing to beat until light and fluffy. ", "1. Preheat your oven to 300ºF (150ºC). In your pan or pans (this recipe is quite large -- but pound cakes are perfect for a double-layer masterpiece), line them with cooking spray or butter; this prevents sticking. You could also sprinkle with flour (on top of the butter) or line with parchment paper. Pour batter into your pan(s) and place in the oven. Cook for 75 minutes, checking periodically. Some ovens cook unevenly or quickly -- if this describes yours, keep an eye on it. 1 If to be used for fancy ornamented cakes, bake 30 to 35 minutes in a dripping-pan. 2 Insert a skewer or toothpick to see if it's finished.", "How long does it take to bake a cake in a 9 by 9 cake pan? Baking a cake in a 9square pan at 350 degrees F will take approximately 35 to 40 minutes. It is best to follow the directions in a recipe for the best results. 1 person found this useful. As a general rule of thumb you can bake most cakes at 375 degrees Fahrenheit (which is 180 degrees Celsius) and check them after about 30 minutes and expect it to take at least 45 minutes.", "I've never seen a pound cake take less than an hour... most take 1 hr. 15 min, and I have one recipe that calls for 1½ hours. Those long times, tho, are for a slow oven (about 300-325ºF). Till a toothpick inserted in the center of the cake comes out clean. Depends on the heat of your oven but start checking at about 45 minutes and when the cake is golden brown. sonnyboy · 8 years ago. Thumbs up.", "1 Have ingredients at room temperature. 2 This results in a pound cake with maximum volume. 3 Be patient. Beat softened butter (and cream cheese or vegetable shortening) at medium speed with an electric mixer until creamy. 4 This can take from 1 to 7 minutes, depending on the power of your mixer. 1 This results in a pound cake with maximum volume. 2 Be patient. Beat softened butter (and cream cheese or vegetable shortening) at medium speed with an electric mixer until creamy. 3 This can take from 1 to 7 minutes, depending on the power of your mixer." ], "url": [ "http://www.wikihow.com/Bake-a-Cake", "http://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/common-mistakes/article/pound-cake-common-mistakes", "http://www.cooks.com/rec/search/0,1-0,loaf_pan_pound_cakes,FF.html", "http://www.southernliving.com/food/how-to/tips-for-baking-a-perfect-pound-cake", "http://www.wikihow.com/Bake-a-Pound-Cake", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_it_take_to_bake_a_cake", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070620171615AAePh4H", "http://www.southernliving.com/food/how-to/how-to-bake-a-cake-tips-for-perfect-cakes" ] }

[ "1. Preheat your oven to 300ºF (150ºC). In your pan or pans (this recipe is quite large -- but pound cakes are perfect for a double-layer masterpiece), line them with cooking spray or butter; this prevents sticking. You could also sprinkle with flour (on top of the butter) or line with parchment paper. Pour batter into your pan(s) and place in the oven. Cook for 75 minutes, checking periodically. Some ovens cook unevenly or quickly -- if this describes yours, keep an eye on it. 1 If to be used for fancy ornamented cakes, bake 30 to 35 minutes in a dripping-pan. 2 Insert a skewer or toothpick to see if it's finished.", "I've never seen a pound cake take less than an hour... most take 1 hr. 15 min, and I have one recipe that calls for 1½ hours. Those long times, tho, are for a slow oven (about 300-325ºF). Till a toothpick inserted in the center of the cake comes out clean. Depends on the heat of your oven but start checking at about 45 minutes and when the cake is golden brown. sonnyboy · 8 years ago. Thumbs up." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Buprenorphine is the generic form of Subutex, a prescription drug used to treat dependence on opioid painkillers such as oxycodone (OxyContin). It's also prescribed in lower dosages to treat pain. If you are recovering from surgery, your doctor may start you on buprenorphine to treat your post-operative pain. ", "Subutex Dosage for Treating Opioid Dependence. One typical way to dose Subutex is to start with 8 mg on the first day and 16 mg (the full dosage) on the second day. Often, by the third day you can be switched to Suboxone ® (buprenorphine and naloxone). Typically, the initial dose for treating opioid dependence is 8 mg on the first day and 16 mg", "Buprenorphine Quantity Limits. Drugs containing buprenorphine and a combination of buprenorphine and naloxone are typically used for the treatment of opiate dependency. The manufacturer s recommended maintenance dose of buprenorphine is 16 mg per day and the maximum FDA approved dose is 32 mg per day. Buprenorphine Maximum Dose Limits Reduced. Nov. 19, 2014 MHCP Provider Update PRX-14-08. Effective Jan. 1, 2015, products containing buprenorphine will be limited to 24", "A maximum daily dosage of up to 24 mg/day (based on buprenorphine) will be. allowed for ninety consecutive days. After the ninety days has elapsed, a maximum daily dosage. of up to 16 mg/day (based on buprenorphine) will be allowed. Beginning with the first Suboxone@ claim submitted with a date of service on or after. February I, 2013, a maximum daily dosage of up to 24 mg/day (based on buprenorphine). is allowed per recipient for an initial ninety consecutive day period. After the initial ninety day period, a maximum daily dosage limit of up to 16 mg/day. (based on buprenorphine) is allowed per recipient. Subutex. The maximum daily dosage limit for Subutex@ is 16 mg/day", "Multiple clinical trials have compared buprenorphine with methadone for opioid maintenance. Most studies have shown that buprenorphine (less than 40 mg) is as effective as low-dose methadone (less than 40 mg). 17, 18 High-dose methadone (greater than 60 mg) may be more effective than buprenorphine, however. A meta-analysis 18 of five studies that compared the two therapies showed that 8 to 12 mg of buprenorphine is not as effective as 50 to 80 mg of methadone. 19 A 2004 Cochrane review 16 confirmed these findings. ", "The maximum dose in the BNF is 32 mg but in the RCGP guidelines it is 24 and I think 16 int he clinical guidelines. anyway as Simon says the main effect of this will be a longer lasting effect rather than intoixication. ", "Dosing Overview. The recommended buprenorphine daily dose is 12 to 16 mg/day* for patients with opioid use disorder. The minimum effective dose is typically around 8 mg/day, and the maximum recommended dose is 32 mg/day. Some patients do well on as little as 2 or 4 mg/day, however. Most patients should be started and maintained on the buprenorphine/naloxone combination formulation.", "SUBOXONE is supplied as hexagonal orange tablets in 2 dosage strengths: 2 mg buprenorphine + 0.5 mg naloxone embossed with a sword logo at the midline and N2 on the reverse side. and 8 mg buprenorphine + 2 mg naloxone embossed with a sword logo. " ], "url": [ "http://www.everydayhealth.com/drugs/buprenorphine", "http://pain.emedtv.com/subutex/subutex-dosage.html", "http://www.dhs.state.mn.us/main/idcplg?IdcService=GET_DYNAMIC_CONVERSION&RevisionSelectionMethod=LatestReleased&dDocName=dhs16_191032", "http://www.lamedicaid.com/provweb1/Pharmacy/Suboxone_Subutex_Ltr_2-14-13.pdf", "http://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0501/p1573.html", "http://smmgp.groupee.net/eve/forums/a/tpc/f/1064030241/m/2507069126", "http://www.buppractice.com/node/4371", "http://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/DrugSafety/PostmarketDrugSafetyInformationforPatientsandProviders/UCM191533.pdf" ] }

[ "Subutex Dosage for Treating Opioid Dependence. One typical way to dose Subutex is to start with 8 mg on the first day and 16 mg (the full dosage) on the second day. Often, by the third day you can be switched to Suboxone ® (buprenorphine and naloxone). Typically, the initial dose for treating opioid dependence is 8 mg on the first day and 16 mg" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The 14 teams participating in New Zealand's ITM Cup currently face a salary cap that is the lesser of $NZ 1.35 million or 36% of the union's commercial revenue. Maximum player salaries are $55,000, and minimum salaries are $18,000. The salary cap, known officially as Total Player Payments, is A$10,070,000 for the 2015 season with a salary floor of $9,566,500 except for Greater Western Sydney, whose salary cap is $10,500,000 with a floor of $9,996,500.", "For the 2005–06 NHL season, the salary cap was set at US$ 39 million per team, with a maximum of $7.8 million (20% of the team's cap) for a player. The CBA also mandated the payment of salaries in U.S. dollars, codifying what had been a universal practice for more than a decade. The salary cap, known officially as Total Player Payments, is A$10,070,000 for the 2015 season with a salary floor of $9,566,500 except for Greater Western Sydney, whose salary cap is $10,500,000 with a floor of $9,996,500.", "A salary cap existed in the early days of the National Hockey League (NHL). During the Great Depression, the league was under financial pressure to lower its salary cap to $62,500 per team and $7,000 per player, forcing some teams to trade away well-paid star players in order to fit the cap. The salary cap, known officially as Total Player Payments, is A$10,070,000 for the 2015 season with a salary floor of $9,566,500 except for Greater Western Sydney, whose salary cap is $10,500,000 with a floor of $9,996,500.", "The CBA also contains a salary floor which is formally titled the Lower Limit of the Payroll Range, the minimum that each team must pay in player salaries. The lower limit was originally set at 55% of the cap, but is now defined to be $16 million below the cap, therefore the 2011–12 minimum was $48.3 million. The salary cap, known officially as Total Player Payments, is A$10,070,000 for the 2015 season with a salary floor of $9,566,500 except for Greater Western Sydney, whose salary cap is $10,500,000 with a floor of $9,996,500.", "Education and Experience. It is common for companies to pay employees according to a scale. For example, a classified listing may state a job pays between $10 and $15 per hour. A qualified candidate who has a greater amount of education and/or experience than one who meets the basic job requirements is likely to earn more money. ", "In terms of minimum salary for each team, the salary floor is 89% of the cap. That became effective in 2013, as this requirement was by-passed in 2011 and 2012. Hence, there was in essence no salary floor in 2011 or 2012. For 2011, each team may designate up to 3 of their highest paid players (who must have at least 5 accrued seasons and make at least $1 M more than the league minimum salary for that year), toward whom the team will will receive $1 M cap credit. Repayment of this credit will be applied toward the 2014-2017 league years.", "* Salaries flatten when nurses are in a position for more than 10 years. Nurses working in the same position for 11 to 15 years report a salary of $56,000; those holding their positions for over 15 years made $56,700. * As in previous years, men in nursing made more money than women. The average salary for all male respondents was $54,600, compared with $50,600 for women-an 8% difference. ", "According to Sports Illustrated, Garnett now makes more than $10 million a year off the court with adidas; Anta, a Chinese sportswear brand; Gatorade; and Wheaties in addition to his $21 million salary. Catchings, who makes the league maximum $105,500 per season, is not one to measure quality of life by dollars. Today, the estimated median salary — half the players make more than that — is $2.5 million. The league minimum is $473,604. The salary cap for an entire WNBA team of 11 players is $878,000. Even prorated for the 34-game season, it's less than the median NBA salary" ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_salary_cap", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_salary_cap", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_salary_cap", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NFL_salary_cap", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/4-factors-can-result-different-pay-levels-employees-doing-same-job-17662.html", "http://www.askthecommish.com/SalaryCap/faq.aspx", "http://www.nursingcenter.com/journalarticle?Article_ID=671823", "http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/sports/basketball/story/2012-05-19/nba-wnba-basketball-salary-disparity/55079608/1" ] }

[ "* Salaries flatten when nurses are in a position for more than 10 years. Nurses working in the same position for 11 to 15 years report a salary of $56,000; those holding their positions for over 15 years made $56,700. * As in previous years, men in nursing made more money than women. The average salary for all male respondents was $54,600, compared with $50,600 for women-an 8% difference. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In late January, 1968, during the lunar new year (or “Tet”) holiday, North Vietnamese and communist Viet Cong forces launched a coordinated attack against a number of targets in South Vietnam. The U.S. and South Vietnamese militaries sustained heavy losses before finally repelling the communist assault.", "The combined forces of the Vietcong and the North Vietnamese Regular Army (NVA), about 85,000 strong, launched a major offensive throughout South Vietnam. The attacks began on January 31, 1968, the first day of the Lunar New Year, Vietnam's most important holiday.", "The fighting that made up the Tet Offensive lasted for several days in some South Vietnamese cities. This map shows the route taken by North Vietnamese troops. During the Buddhist holiday of Tet, over 80,000 Vietcong troops emerged from their tunnels and attacked nearly every major metropolitan center in South Vietnam.", "The idea was for the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) and the Viet Cong fighters in South Vietnam to make attacks on every major city in South Vietnam simultaneously on the eve of … the Vietnamese New Year, Nguyen Tet (January 30, 1968).", "As the celebration of the lunar new year, Tet was the most important holiday on the Vietnamese calendar. In previous years, the holiday had been the occasion for an informal truce in South Vietnam’s long-running conflict with North Vietnam and their Communist southern allies, derisively known as Viet Cong.", "The Tet Offensive was a military campaign during the Vietnam War that began on January 31, 1968 by the forces of the National Liberation Front for South Vietnam. The purpose w … as to displace the invading army presently stationed in South Vietnam and regain control of the country by the Vietnamese.", "Tet Offensive. The Tet Offensive was a series of surprise attacks by the Vietcong (rebel forces sponsored by North Vietnam) and North Vietnamese forces, on scores of cities, towns, and hamlets throughout South Vietnam. It was considered to be a turning point in the Vietnam War.", "The Tet Offensive was a turning point in the Vietnam War (1954-75). The assault began during Tet, a festival of the lunar new year, on January 30, 1968.", "The Tet Offensive was a series of surprise attacks by the Vietcong (rebel forces sponsored by North Vietnam) and North Vietnamese forces, on scores of cities, towns, and hamlets throughout South Vietnam." ], "url": [ "https://history.state.gov/milestones/1961-1968/tet", "http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1862.html", "http://www.ushistory.org/us/55c.asp", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_was_'Tet_offensive'", "http://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war/tet-offensive", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_was_'Tet_offensive'", "http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1862.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_was_'Tet_offensive'", "http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1862.html" ] }

[ "The Tet Offensive was a military campaign during the Vietnam War that began on January 31, 1968 by the forces of the National Liberation Front for South Vietnam. The purpose w … as to displace the invading army presently stationed in South Vietnam and regain control of the country by the Vietnamese." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Energize! Plants use a process called photosynthesis to make food. During photosynthesis, plants trap light energy with their leaves. Plants use the energy of the sun to change water and carbon dioxide into a sugar called glucose. Glucose is used by plants for energy and to make other substances like cellulose and starch. Cellulose is used in building cell walls.", "PHOTOSYNTHESIS. INTRODUCTION. Photosynthesis, process by which green plants and certain other organisms use the energy of light to convert carbon dioxide and water into the simple sugar glucose. In so doing, photosynthesis provides the basic energy source for virtually all organisms. Photosynthesis, process by which green plants and certain other organisms use the energy of light to convert carbon dioxide and water into the simple sugar glucose", "Photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, some bacteria and some protistans use the energy from sunlight to produce glucose from carbon dioxide and water. This glucose can be converted into pyruvate which releases adenosine triphosphate (ATP) by cellular respiration. Oxygen is also formed. Photosynthesis Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, some bacteria and some protistans use the energy from sunlight to produce glucose from carbon dioxide and water.", "In photosynthesis, solar energy is converted to chemical energy. The chemical energy is stored in the form of glucose (sugar). Carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight are used to produce glucose, oxygen, and water. Photosynthesis Summary. In summary, photosynthesis is a process in which light energy is converted to chemical energy and used to produce organic compounds. In plants, photosynthesis typically occurs within the chloroplasts located in plant leaves. Photosynthesis consists of two stages, the light reactions and the dark reactions", "Photosynthesis is the process used by plants, algae and certain bacteria to harness energy from sunlight into chemical energy. There are two types of photosynthetic processes: oxygenic photosynthesis and anoxygenic photosynthesis. Oxygenic photosynthesis is the most common and is seen in plants, algae and cyanobacteria. ", "Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, some bacteria, and some protistans use the energy from sunlight to produce sugar, which cellular respiration converts into ATP, the fuel used by all living things. ", "Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms' activities. However, not all organisms that use light as a source of energy carry out photosynthesis, since photoheterotrophs use organic compounds, rather than carbon dioxide, as a source of carbon. In plants, algae and cyanobacteria, photosynthesis releases oxygen." ], "url": [ "http://www.nhptv.org/natureworks/nwepphotosynthesis.htm", "http://www.life.illinois.edu/govindjee/encyc/encarta.htm", "http://www.rsc.org/Education/Teachers/Resources/cfb/Photosynthesis.htm", "http://biology.about.com/od/plantbiology/a/aa050605a.htm", "http://www.livescience.com/51720-photosynthesis.html", "http://www2.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookPS.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photosynthesis" ] }

[ "Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms' activities. However, not all organisms that use light as a source of energy carry out photosynthesis, since photoheterotrophs use organic compounds, rather than carbon dioxide, as a source of carbon. In plants, algae and cyanobacteria, photosynthesis releases oxygen." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Gas exchange is the delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream, and the elimination of carbon dioxide from the bloodstream to the lungs. It occurs in the lungs between the alveoli and a network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries, which are located in the walls of the alveoli. The walls of the alveoli actually share a membrane with the capillaries in which oxygen and carbon dioxide move freely between the respiratory system and the bloodstream.", "Arterioles branch into capillaries, the smallest of all blood vessels. Capillaries are the sites of nutrient and waste exchange between the blood and body cells. Capillaries are microscopic vessels that join the arterial system with the venous system.", "Arterioles are the smallest arteries and regulate blood flow into capillary beds through vasoconstriction and vasodilation. Capillaries are the smallest vessels and allow for exchange of substances between the blood and interstitial fluid. Continuous capillaries are most common and allow passage of fluids and small solutes. Fenestrated capillaries are more permeable to fluids and solutes than continuous capillaries.", "Tweet. The smallest blood vessels in the human body are capillaries. They are responsible for the absorption of oxygen into the blood stream and for removing the deoxygenated red blood cells for return to the heart and lungs for reoxygenation.", "2. Capillaries-these are the sites of gas exchange between the tissues. 3. Veins-these return oxygen poor blood to the heart, except for the vein that carries blood from the lungs. On the right is a diagram showing how the three connect. Notice the artery and vein are much larger than the capillaries.", "Gas exchange occurs in the capillaries which are the smallest blood vessels in the body. Each artery that comes from the heart is surrounded by capillaries so that they can ta … ke it to the various parts of the body." ], "url": [ "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/anatomyvideos/000059.htm", "http://www.biosbcc.net/doohan/sample/htm/vessels.htm", "http://classes.midlandstech.edu/carterp/Courses/bio211/chap19/chap19.html", "http://www.wereyouwondering.com/what-is-the-smallest-blood-vessel-in-the-human-body/", "http://peer.tamu.edu/curriculum_modules/OrganSystems/module_4/whatweknow_circulation.htm", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_the_smallest_blood_vessels_where_exchange_occurs_called" ] }

[ "Gas exchange is the delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream, and the elimination of carbon dioxide from the bloodstream to the lungs. It occurs in the lungs between the alveoli and a network of tiny blood vessels called capillaries, which are located in the walls of the alveoli. The walls of the alveoli actually share a membrane with the capillaries in which oxygen and carbon dioxide move freely between the respiratory system and the bloodstream." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "5. Cancel. Rappelling is the process of coming down from a mountain that is usually done with two pieces of rope. Use a natural anchor or a set of bolts to rappel from with help from an experienced rock climber in this free video on rappelling techniques. Part of the Video Series: Rappelling & Rock Climbing.", "Rappelling is the process of coming down from a mountain that is usually done with two pieces of rope. Use a natural anchor or a set of bolts to rappel from with help from an experienced rock climber in this free video on rappelling techniques. Expert: Scott Kiesling. Contact: www.climbon.biz.", "Abseiling (/ˈaebseɪl/ ˈæbseɪl /or/ ; ˈɑːpzaɪl From german, abseilen meaning to rope), down also called, rappelling is the controlled descent of a vertical, drop such as a rock, face using a. Rope climbers use this technique when a cliff or slope is too steep/and or dangerous to descend without. protection", "1. rappel - (mountaineering) a descent of a vertical cliff or wall made by using a doubled rope that is fixed to a higher point and wrapped around the body. abseil. mountain climbing, mountaineering-the activity of climbing a mountain. descent-the act of changing your location in a downward direction." ], "url": [ "http://www.ehow.com/video_4951636_what-rappelling.html", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8uhkRtGhqTM", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abseiling", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/rappelling" ] }

[ "Rappelling is the process of coming down from a mountain that is usually done with two pieces of rope. Use a natural anchor or a set of bolts to rappel from with help from an experienced rock climber in this free video on rappelling techniques. Expert: Scott Kiesling. Contact: www.climbon.biz." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Brewery Representative. Have passion for craft beer & sales. 2+ years of sales experience. We are passionate about our company and our beer, and we work each day to create great beer... 6 days ago-save job-email-more... 1 View all Harpoon Brewery jobs in Boston, MA-Boston jobs.", "Kettles in a modern Trappist brewery. A brewery or brewing company is a business that makes and sells beer. The place at which beer is commercially made is either called a brewery or a beerhouse, where distinct sets of brewing equipment are called plant. The commercial brewing of beer has taken place since at least 2500 BC; in ancient Mesopotamia, brewers derived social sanction and divine protection from the goddess Ninkasi. 1 Farm brewery – A farm brewery, or farmhouse brewery, is a brewery that primarily brews its beer on a farm. 2 Crops and other ingredients grown on the farm, such as barley, wheat, rye, hops, herbs, spices, and fruits are used in the beers brewed.", "CB A is a unique Alliance of four craft beer brands: Widmer Brothers, Redhook, Kona Brewing and our newest brand, Omission. As an Alliance, together, we are able to satisfy more consumers, at more times, in more locations, through more authentic, distinct craft beers and brands than any other brewery. ", "A Beer Sales Representative is an important member of a beer manufacturers business. They are the soldiers on the ground that Boost Beer Sales. Selling Beer is by far one of the most amazing jobs that any person can have. Becoming a Beer Sales Representative. Beer jobs are not that easy to find or get because every guy in their right mind wants to become a beer rep. Beer companies are looking for guys that know how to Sell and Market a product. They want people that have a passion for the beer business", "A microbrewery or craft brewery is a brewery that produces a small amount of beer. Exact definitions vary, but the terms are typically applied to breweries that are much smaller than large-scale corporate breweries and are independently owned. ", "As a brewery field sales representative, the RAS is expected to be the authority on product knowledge, brand positioning and programming in the marketplace.... ", "Marketing. Marketing is a significant part of many beer sales rep jobs. Sales reps often deliver and set up product displays, or even work with the management of businesses to organize on-site or off-site promotional activities such as concerts or sporting or cultural activities. Beer sales reps need to be able to intelligently discuss the difference in beers.", "Average Brewery Representative Salaries. The average salary for brewery representative jobs is $63,000. Average brewery representative salaries can vary greatly due to company, location, industry, experience and benefits. This salary was calculated using the average salary for all jobs with the term brewery representative anywhere in the job listing. The brewery representative salary comparisons feature allows job seekers to get the information required to make important career decisions and negotiate salary ranges. For additional brewery representative salary information, we recommend visiting Payscale.com." ], "url": [ "http://www.indeed.com/q-Beer-Sales-Representative-jobs.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brewery", "http://craftbrew.com/careers/", "http://www.boostmyproduct.com/beer-sales-representative.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbrewery", "http://www.indeed.com/q-brewery-jobs.html", "http://work.chron.com/beer-rep-do-21506.html", "http://www.simplyhired.com/salaries-k-brewery-representative-jobs.html" ] }

[ "A Beer Sales Representative is an important member of a beer manufacturers business. They are the soldiers on the ground that Boost Beer Sales. Selling Beer is by far one of the most amazing jobs that any person can have. Becoming a Beer Sales Representative. Beer jobs are not that easy to find or get because every guy in their right mind wants to become a beer rep. Beer companies are looking for guys that know how to Sell and Market a product. They want people that have a passion for the beer business" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "How long does the surgery for removing a gallbladder take. Laparoscopic gallbladder surgery to remove the gallbladder or stones usually takes about 2-1/2 hours. ", "Laparoscopic gallbladder surgery requires a shorter hospital stay; usually the patient is home within 24 hours. In some cases you may need to stay overnight. In contrast, patients undergoing open cholecystectomy are often in the hospital three to seven days. ", "You will need general anesthesia for this surgery, which usually lasts 2 hours or less. After surgery, bile flows from the liver (where it is made) through the common bile duct and into the small intestine. Because the gallbladder has been removed, the body can no longer store bile between meals. What To Think About. Recovery is much faster and less painful after laparoscopic surgery than after open surgery. 1 The hospital stay after laparoscopic surgery is shorter than after open surgery. 2 People generally go home the same day or the next day, compared with 2 to 4 days or longer for open surgery.", "You may have gallbladder surgery as an outpatient, or you may stay 1 or 2 days in the hospital. Most people can return to their normal activities in 7 to 10 days. People who have laparoscopic gallbladder surgery are sore for about a week. But in 2 to 3 weeks they have much less discomfort than people who have open surgery. No special diets or other precautions are needed after surgery. What To Think About. Recovery is much faster and less painful after laparoscopic surgery than after open surgery. 1 The hospital stay after laparoscopic surgery is shorter than after open surgery. 2 People generally go home the same day or the next day, compared with 2 to 4 days or longer for open surgery.", "Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a procedure in which the gallbladder is removed by laparoscopic techniques. Laparoscopic surgery also referred to as minimally invasive surgery describes the performance of surgical procedures with the assistance of a video camera and several thin instruments. ", "Timing of Surgery. Cholecystectomy may be performed within days to weeks after hospitalization for an acute gallbladder attack, depending on the severity of the condition. 1 Emergency gallbladder removal within 24 - 48 hours is warranted in about 20% of patients with acute cholecystitis. ", "You will be in the operating room for about 2-5 hours with at least another 1 - 2 hours in the recovery room afterwards. Your hospital stay will depend on the extent of your surgery and may be up to 7-10 days in length if the surgery is extensive. 1 Your incision(s) will be watertight in about 24-36 hours allowing you to shower carefully if you don't have any plastic drainage tubes in place. 2 The incision normally heals fully within a few weeks. 3 There is also swelling and a feeling of firmness under the incision that may last for a couple of months.", "Surgery to remove the gallbladder (cholecystectomy) is the treatment of choice for gallstones that cause moderate to severe pain or other symptoms. Symptoms usually do not return after the gallbladder has been removed. In a small number of cases, surgery may be done to prevent complications of gallstones. Laparoscopic surgery is often the best method to remove the gallbladder. Open gallbladder surgery requires a longer recovery period and causes more pain. Surgery may be done for: 1 Gallstones that cause symptoms.", "Recovering from a gallbladder removal. Recovery after keyhole surgery to remove your gallbladder (laparoscopic cholecystectomy) is usually quick. Most people are able to eat and drink and leave hospital on the same day as the surgery. In some cases you may be advised to stay overnight and go home the next day. After open surgery, you will have to stay three to five days in hospital and your recovery time will be longer. Typically, it takes around four to six weeks to recover fully from the effects of open surgery. " ], "url": [ "http://www.themedicalquestions.com/Med/how-long-does-the-surgery-for-removing-a-gallbladder-take.html", "http://umm.edu/programs/surgery/services/minimally-invasive/cholecystectomy", "http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/laparoscopic-gallbladder-surgery-for-gallstones", "http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/laparoscopic-gallbladder-surgery-for-gallstones", "http://www.surgery.usc.edu/divisions/tumor/pancreasdiseases/web%20pages/Biliary%20SYSTEM/laparoscopic%20chole.html", "http://umm.edu/health/medical/reports/articles/gallstones-and-gallbladder-disease", "http://surgery.med.umich.edu/general/endocrine/patient/surgery/pancreas_surgery.shtml", "http://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/tc/gallstones-surgery", "http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Laparoscopiccholecystectomy/Pages/Recoverypage.aspx" ] }

[ "Recovering from a gallbladder removal. Recovery after keyhole surgery to remove your gallbladder (laparoscopic cholecystectomy) is usually quick. Most people are able to eat and drink and leave hospital on the same day as the surgery. In some cases you may be advised to stay overnight and go home the next day. After open surgery, you will have to stay three to five days in hospital and your recovery time will be longer. Typically, it takes around four to six weeks to recover fully from the effects of open surgery. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "If you want Part B coverage to begin the month you turn age 65, you. must sign up for it during the first 3 months of your Initial Enrollment Period. If you wait until you are age 65, or sign up during the last 3 months of your. Initial Enrollment Period, your Part B start date will be delayed.", "You can sign up for Medicare beginning three months before you turn 65, and coverage can start as soon as the first day of your birthday month. The initial enrollment period lasts until three months after your 65th birthday.", "If you sign up within 6 months of your 65th birthday, your coverage will start the first day of the month you turn 65, or the month before you turn 65 (if your birthday is the first of the month).", "Founder, Georgia Medicare Plans, Atlanta,GA. For most people, Medicare starts when you turn age 65. It can start earlier if you are disabled under Social Security definitions and are receiving SSDI. It can also begin before age 65 if you have ALS (amyoptropic lateral sclerosis) or ESRD (end stage renal disease).", "If your birthday is on the first day of the month, your coverage starts the first day of the prior month. Example. Mr. Kim's 65th birthday is July 1, 2016. If he signs up for Medicare in March, April, or May, his coverage will start on June 1, 2016.", "If you want your Medicare coverage to begin when you turn age 65, you should. contact Social Security during the 3 months before your 65th birthday. If you wait. until your 65th birthday or later, your Part B coverage will be delayed. I am age 65, still working, and covered by a group. health plan.", "For most people, Medicare starts the 1st day of the month you turn age 65. You can sign up for Medicare Part A & B which covers about 80% of the costs of care. You can also sign up for a Medicare Supplement plan (Medigap) to cover the difference. Medicare along with a Medicare Supplement is great health insurance." ], "url": [ "http://www.tamus.edu/assets/files/benefits/pdf/programs/MedicareEnrollmentInformation.pdf", "http://money.usnews.com/money/retirement/articles/2013/04/01/10-things-everyone-should-know-about-medicare", "https://www.medicare.gov/sign-up-change-plans/get-parts-a-and-b/when-coverage-starts/when-coverage-starts.html", "http://www.insurancelibrary.com/medicare-insurance/at-what-age-does-medicare-start", "https://www.medicare.gov/sign-up-change-plans/get-parts-a-and-b/when-coverage-starts/when-coverage-starts.html", "http://www.tamus.edu/assets/files/benefits/pdf/programs/MedicareEnrollmentInformation.pdf", "http://www.insurancelibrary.com/medicare-insurance/at-what-age-does-medicare-start" ] }

[ "For most people, Medicare starts the 1st day of the month you turn age 65. You can sign up for Medicare Part A & B which covers about 80% of the costs of care. You can also sign up for a Medicare Supplement plan (Medigap) to cover the difference. Medicare along with a Medicare Supplement is great health insurance." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Subscribe to MRRChat. Adoption Fees Michigan Rabbit Rescue is a not-for-profit organization. The adoption donation fee is $85 ($125.00 for a pair), payable to Michigan Rabbit Rescue. This fee also includes the cost of a copy of the House Rabbit Handbook ($9.00) which is provided with all adoptions. The book fee will not be charged twice for adopting a pair, or if you already own the book.", "1 $60 adoption fee for a single rabbit for members, $78 for nonmembers ($18 sent in for HRS membership). 2 $100 adoption fee for a pair of rabbits for members, $118 for nonmembers. 3 The fee helps cover the cost of spaying and neutering.", "Our rabbits are spayed or neutered and litterbox trained. Our adoption fee is $85.00 for a single rabbit or $125.00 for a bonded pair. The adoption fee covers the cost of the spay or neuter which normally costs well over $150.00 per rabbit. Your donation is tax deductable. Adoption applications can be filled out at the Burrow, at our off site adoption events or online.", "There is a $65 adoption fee per rabbit or $95 per pair of rabbits to help cover the alteration costs. (Neuter costs $80 per male, Spay costs $80-100 per female) Adoption fees for small animals vary.", "Adoption Fees Michigan Rabbit Rescue is a not-for-profit organization. The adoption donation fee is $85 ($125.00 for a pair), payable to Michigan Rabbit Rescue. This fee also includes the cost of a copy of the House Rabbit Handbook ($9.00) which is provided with all adoptions. The book fee will not be charged twice for adopting a pair, or if you already own the book." ], "url": [ "http://www.michiganrabbitrescue.org/fees.php", "http://rabbitsinthehouse.org/?p=74", "http://www.bunnybunch.org/pages/adopt-a-rabbit/", "http://www.rabbitadoption.org/info.html", "http://www.michiganrabbitrescue.org/fees.php" ] }

[ "Adoption Fees Michigan Rabbit Rescue is a not-for-profit organization. The adoption donation fee is $85 ($125.00 for a pair), payable to Michigan Rabbit Rescue. This fee also includes the cost of a copy of the House Rabbit Handbook ($9.00) which is provided with all adoptions. The book fee will not be charged twice for adopting a pair, or if you already own the book." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Diabetic kidney disease, or diabetic nephropathy, is a complication of type 1 or type 2 diabetes caused by damage to the kidneys' delicate filtering system. Your kidneys contain millions of tiny blood vessel clusters (glomeruli) that filter waste from your blood.", "Nephropathy means kidney disease or damage. Diabetic nephropathy is damage to your kidneys caused by diabetes. In severe cases it can lead to kidney failure. But not everyone with diabetes has kidney damage. The kidneys have many tiny blood vessels that filter waste from your blood.", "Kidney disease in type 1 diabetes is slightly different than in type 2 diabetes. In type 1 diabetes, kidney disease rarely begins in the first 10 years after diagnosis of diabetes. In type 2 diabetes, some patients already have kidney disease by the time they are diagnosed with diabetes.", "One of the more common long-term complications of diabetes is diabetic renal disease (renal refers to the kidneys). Also known as diabetic nephropathy, this condition is a result of direct vascular abnormalities that accompany diabetes.", "High blood pressure is the other leading cause of kidney disease in people with diabetes. High blood pressure also is a result of damage from kidney disease. If you have high blood pressure, your kidneys may already be damaged. Even a small rise in blood pressure can quickly make kidney disease worse.", "Diabetic nephropathy -- kidney disease that results from diabetes -- is the number one cause of kidney failure. Almost a third of people with diabetes develop diabetic nephropathy. People with diabetes and kidney disease do worse overall than people with kidney disease alone. This is because people with diabetes tend to have other long-standing medical conditions, like high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and blood vessel disease (atherosclerosis)." ], "url": [ "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetic-nephropathy/basics/definition/CON-20035589", "http://www.webmd.com/diabetes/tc/diabetic-nephropathy-topic-overview", "http://www.webmd.com/diabetes/guide/diabetes-kidney-disease", "http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Diabetes/WhyDiabetesMatters/Kidney-Disease-Diabetes_UCM_313867_Article.jsp", "http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/Diabetes/prevent-diabetes-problems/Pages/keep-your-kidneys-healthy.aspx", "http://www.webmd.com/diabetes/guide/diabetes-kidney-disease" ] }

[ "Diabetic kidney disease, or diabetic nephropathy, is a complication of type 1 or type 2 diabetes caused by damage to the kidneys' delicate filtering system. Your kidneys contain millions of tiny blood vessel clusters (glomeruli) that filter waste from your blood." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "James Madison, Father of the U.S. Constitution. Portrait of James Madison. In May, 1787 the 55 Delegates to the United States Constitutional Convention set off to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Traveling in the late 18th century wasn't easy, and what would take modern Americans just hours took the Founding Fathers weeks.", "James Madison was called the father of the constitution because he was the author of the basic plan of government that the Convention adopted. Not only that, but he kept careful notes at Convention which was not open to the public.", "The very first man at the convention was renowned Father of the Constitution. James Madison. While waiting for the others, he began drafting a blueprint which would eventually be known as the Virginia Plan.", "James Madison. James Madison, America's fourth President (1809-1817), made a major contribution to the ratification of the Constitution by writing The Federalist Papers, along with Alexander Hamilton and John Jay. In later years, he was referred to as the Father of the Constitution..", "In later years, when he was referred to as the Father of the Constitution, Madison protested that the document was not the off-spring of a single brain, but the work of many heads and many hands.. In Congress, he helped frame the Bill of Rights and enact the first revenue legislation.", "James Madison was called the father of the constitution because he was the author of the basic plan of government that the Convention adopted. Not only that, but he kept … careful notes at Convention which was not open to the public. These notes are by far the best record of the convention in existence.", "James Madison is generally regarded as the father of the United States Constitution. No other delegate was better prepared for the Federal Convention of 1787, and no one contributed more than Madison to shaping the ideas and contours of the document or to explaining its meaning." ], "url": [ "http://www.constitutionfacts.com/us-constitution-amendments/james-madison/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_is_James_Madison_called_the_father_of_the_Constitution", "http://www.constitutionfacts.com/us-constitution-amendments/james-madison/", "https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/jamesmadison", "https://www.whitehouse.gov/1600/presidents/jamesmadison", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Why_was_James_Madison_known_as_the_Father_of_the_Constitution", "http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2013/04/james-madison-father-of-the-constitution" ] }

[ "James Madison. James Madison, America's fourth President (1809-1817), made a major contribution to the ratification of the Constitution by writing The Federalist Papers, along with Alexander Hamilton and John Jay. In later years, he was referred to as the Father of the Constitution.." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Cook Pork and Pork Products to an internal temperature of at least 155°F. Pork ordered medium should be cooked to at least 155°F. Pork ordered well done should be cooked to at least 170°F. Temperatures should be taken at the thickest portion of pork. Meat should be firm, not mushy. Juices should be clear, not pink. Cook Eggs and Foods Containing Raw Eggs to an internal temperature of at least 145°F. This requirement does not apply to foods made with pasteurized eggs. Temperatures should be taken in the center of the egg-containing food. Cooked egg whites and yolks should be firm after cooking, not runny..", "Cooking thermometers take the guesswork out of cooking, as they measure the internal temperatures of your cooked meat, poultry, seafood, baked goods, and/or casseroles, to assure that a safe temperature has been reached, harmful bacteria have been destroyed, and your food is cooked perfectly. ", "The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) recommends cooking ground beef, pork and lamb patties or mixtures such as meat loaf to 160°F. Whole pork cuts such as chops and roasts should be cooked to 145°F (medium), or 170°F (well done). 1 All meat should be thawed before cooking in the microwave (even it is thawed in the microwave) to produce a high quality product. 2 For safety reasons, do not cook poultry from the frozen state. 3 Arrange meat uniformly in the cookware. 4 Boneless meat cooks most evenly so debone large pieces of meat.", "If you are cooking at high temps, carryover can be up to 10°F. If you are cooking at low temps, it might not go up the full 5°F. But 5°F is a good rule of thumb for most roasts. Medium rare is the best temp for beef, lamb, venison steaks, roasts, and duck breasts. Food scientists have equipment to measure tenderness and juiciness. But at that temp, it takes at least two hours to kill them to 7D. The time gets lower as the temperature goes higher. So beef at 140°F degrees will get to a 7D kill rate in just 12 minutes, while at 160°F degrees, pathogens are destroyed in just 7.3 seconds, hence the USDA guidelines for the consumer.", "Cooking Raw meat and poultry should always be cooked to a safe minimum internal temperature. When roasting meat and poultry, use an oven temperature no lower than 325 °F. Use a food thermometer to assure that meat and poultry have reached a safe minimum internal temperature. • Cook all raw beef, pork, lamb and veal steaks, chops, and roasts to a minimum internal temperature of 145 °F as measured with a food thermometer before removing meat from the heat source. For safety and quality, allow meat to rest for at least three minutes before carving or consuming.", "Report Abuse. Bacteria need time, food and moisture to grow. They do not grow well unless they are in the danger zone which is between 40-140. Some bacteria are found naturally in food. They can be killed if the food is cooked to the correct temperature. BUT.....some bacteria produce poisons. (when left in the danger zone) heating the food will kill the bacteria. However, the poisons will not be destroyed and can still cause a foodborne illness", "1 Use a food thermometer to measure the internal temperature of cooked foods. 2 Check the internal temperature in several places to make sure that the meat, poultry, seafood, eggs or dishes containing eggs are cooked to safe minimum internal temperatures as shown in the Safe Cooking Temperatures Chart. To chill foods properly: 1 Refrigerate or freeze meat, poultry, eggs, seafood and other perishables within 2 hours of cooking or purchasing. 2 Refrigerate within 1 hour if the temperature outside is above 90ºF. 3 Never thaw food at room temperature, such as on the counter top.", "Marinated Grilled Steak. The proper temperature to cook a medium-rare steak is 130° - 135° F. Although, according to foodsafety.gov, beef, lamb, and pork should be cooked to at least 145° (or above, if desired). Ground meat must be cooked to at least 160° F. Ground poultry must be cooked to at least 165°. ", "According to USDA, ribs are done when they are 145°F internal temp, but they may still be tough. If you take them up to 180°F, drop the oven temp to about 180°F and hold them at this temp for about 30 minutes, the collagens and fats melt some more at this temp and make the meat more tender and juicy. On most cookers, when the oven temp is 225°F at sea level, it takes about three to four hours to cook a slab of baby backs and about five to six hours to cook a slab of St. Louis cut ribs or spares. They are slightly undercooked at that stage.", "If you’re going to use a meat thermometer, you want to be sure your thermometer is accurate. You can test it for accuracy easily by inserting the thermometer two inches into boiling water. At sea level, it should read 212°F. It will be 2°F lower than 212°F for every 1,000 feet above sea level. 1 All meat should be thawed before cooking in the microwave (even it is thawed in the microwave) to produce a high quality product. 2 For safety reasons, do not cook poultry from the frozen state. 3 Arrange meat uniformly in the cookware. 4 Boneless meat cooks most evenly so debone large pieces of meat." ], "url": [ "http://psbweb.co.kern.ca.us/EH_Internet/cookingTemp.aspx", "http://whatscookingamerica.net/Information/MeatTemperatureChart.htm", "http://web.extension.illinois.edu/meatsafety/cooking.cfm", "http://amazingribs.com/tips_and_technique/meat_temperature_guide.html", "http://www.fsis.usda.gov/shared/PDF/How_Temperatures_Affect_Food.pdf", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070505182454AAM7tyE", "http://www.fda.gov/Food/FoodborneIllnessContaminants/BuyStoreServeSafeFood/ucm255180.htm", "http://southernfood.about.com/od/foodsafety/fl/Meat-and-Poultry-Temperature-Chart.htm", "http://amazingribs.com/tips_and_technique/are_they_ready.html", "http://web.extension.illinois.edu/meatsafety/cooking.cfm" ] }

[ "Marinated Grilled Steak. The proper temperature to cook a medium-rare steak is 130° - 135° F. Although, according to foodsafety.gov, beef, lamb, and pork should be cooked to at least 145° (or above, if desired). Ground meat must be cooked to at least 160° F. Ground poultry must be cooked to at least 165°. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Broadcast and telephone transmission have conventionally used analog technology. An analog signal can be represented as a series of sine wave s. The term originated because the modulation of the carrier wave is analogous to the fluctuations of the human voice or other sound that is being transmitted. Part of the Electronics glossary: 1) In telecommunications, an analog signal is one in which a base carrier's alternating current frequency is modified in some way, such as by amplifying the strength of the signal or varying the frequency, in order to add information to the signal.", "Analog is also rather limited in terms of mobile phone technology. With a cordless device (such as a mobile or home phone), analog is limited in the range that it is able to pick up (of course, that more or less depends on the environment in which one uses the phone). Digital phones allow more users to use their mobile phones within a single area of coverage. Analog phones use technology that translates audio or video signals into electronic pulses; digital phones use technology that translates audio or video signals into binary code. 2. Analog phones have a substantially higher sound quality; digital phones have a slightly clearer sound.", "An analog telephone adapter (ATA) is a device for connecting traditional analog telephones, fax machines, and similar customer-premises devices to a digital telephone system or a voice over IP telephony network. ", "How do you tell if the phone line is analog or digital? Look at the back of the telephone connected to it. If you see complies with part 68, FCC Rules and a Ringer Equivalence Number (REN), then the phone and the line are analog. Also, look at the phone's dialpad. Let's say you connect your home analog phone to your office's digital line. When you lift the receiver, the phone tries to draw an electrical current to operate. Typically this is regulated by the phone company's central office.", "Analog vs. Digital Phones. An analog phone is one which makes use of analog technology. Analog technology is simply the process by which the technology takes an audio or video signal and translates it into electronic pulses (the human voice being transmitted over the phone, for instance). Analog phones use technology that translates audio or video signals into electronic pulses; digital phones use technology that translates audio or video signals into binary code. 2. Analog phones have a substantially higher sound quality; digital phones have a slightly clearer sound.", "Analog at a glance. As a technology, analog is the process of taking an audio or video signal (in most cases, the human voice) and translating it into electronic pulses. Digital on the other hand is breaking the signal into a binary format where the audio or video data is represented by a series of 1s and 0s. Let's say you connect your home analog phone to your office's digital line. When you lift the receiver, the phone tries to draw an electrical current to operate. Typically this is regulated by the phone company's central office.", "In 1983, the analog cell phone standard called AMPS (Advanced Mobile Phone System) was approved by the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and first used in Chicago. AMPS uses a range of frequencies between 824 megahertz (MHz) and 894 MHz for analog cell phones. ", "Motorola DynaTAC 8000X TACS mobile phone. Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) is an analog mobile cell phone system standard developed by Bell Labs, and officially introduced in the Americas on October 13, 1983, Israel in 1986, Australia in 1987, and Pakistan in 1990. It was the primary analog mobile phone system in North America (and other locales) through the 1980s and into the 2000s. As of February 18, 2008, carriers in the United States were no longer required to support AMPS and companies such as AT&T and Verizon have discontinued this service permanently.", "Analog Phone System vs. Digital Phone System. This is a great time to purchase a new business telephone system, with more options and available features than ever before. Many buyers start by choosing between an analog and digital phone system. Finding the right combination of features and capabilities to meet your business needs requires a basic understanding of the technical and functional differences between both types of systems", "What is an analog telephone line? A simple analog telephone line is a voice circuit historically made from copper wire that runs from your local phone company's Central Office (C.O.) building to your business location. The central office houses telephone switching equipment that connects you to the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). Analog telephone lines transmit voice as electrical signals. When you speak into the handset of your phone, the microphone converts the sound waves into analog electrical waves. These waves propagate over the telephone line to their destination." ], "url": [ "http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/analog", "http://www.differencebetween.net/technology/difference-between-analog-and-digital-phones/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_telephone_adapter", "http://telecom.hellodirect.com/docs/Tutorials/AnalogVsDigital.1.051501.asp", "http://www.differencebetween.net/technology/difference-between-analog-and-digital-phones/", "http://telecom.hellodirect.com/docs/Tutorials/AnalogVsDigital.1.051501.asp", "http://electronics.howstuffworks.com/cell-phone4.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Mobile_Phone_System", "https://www.shoretel.com/analog-phone-system-vs-digital-phone-system", "http://www.metrolinedirect.com/what-is-an-analog-telephone-line.html" ] }

[ "Motorola DynaTAC 8000X TACS mobile phone. Advanced Mobile Phone System (AMPS) is an analog mobile cell phone system standard developed by Bell Labs, and officially introduced in the Americas on October 13, 1983, Israel in 1986, Australia in 1987, and Pakistan in 1990. It was the primary analog mobile phone system in North America (and other locales) through the 1980s and into the 2000s. As of February 18, 2008, carriers in the United States were no longer required to support AMPS and companies such as AT&T and Verizon have discontinued this service permanently." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ ". Primitive trait: same as plesiomorphy; a character that is present in the common ancestor of a clade; a primitive trait is inferred to be the original character state of that character within the clade under consideration; compare to derived trait. Process cladism: see Phylogenetic Systematics. Evolutionary Systematics is based on identifying and determining the traits of an ancestral species or, more usually, supra-specific taxa. Cladistics rejects the possibity of knowing the actual common ancestor, and instead posits a hypothetical common ancestor.", "1 A homoplasy is a shared trait found among different taxa but inferred to have been independently derived and not to have occurred in their common ancestor (i.e., a trait considered to be the same emerged in different taxa independently of each other). 2 An example of this is homeothermy in birds and mammals. Simplicity is often secondarily derived. For example, the absence of mitochondria in the anaerobic protist Entamoeba histolytica is a result of their secondary loss, and when considered in the context of eukaryotes as a whole, is a derived trait.", "Primitive trait: same as plesiomorphy; a character that is present in the common ancestor of a clade; a primitive trait is inferred to be the original character state of that character within the clade under consideration; compare to derived trait. Evolutionary Systematics is based on identifying and determining the traits of an ancestral species or, more usually, supra-specific taxa. Cladistics rejects the possibity of knowing the actual common ancestor, and instead posits a hypothetical common ancestor.", "D. derived characters. E. novel characters. 12. Characteristics that have arisen in organisms as a result of common evolutionary descent are said to be ______________ characteristics. A. homologous B. homoplastic C. adaptive D. derived E. ancestral 13. One day after a biology class four of your friends argue about the difference between phylogeny and systematics.", "1 This trait is a derived character-state (in relation to poikilothermy, the character-state inferred to have been that of the last common ancestor of both groups), which therefore is hypothesized to have evolved independently in these two groups (or at least in the larger clades to which these groups belong). Simplicity is often secondarily derived. For example, the absence of mitochondria in the anaerobic protist Entamoeba histolytica is a result of their secondary loss, and when considered in the context of eukaryotes as a whole, is a derived trait.", "Primitive traits are those inherited from distant ancestors. Derived traits are those that just appeared (by mutation) in the most recent ancestor -- the one that gave rise to a newly formed branch. Of course, what's primitive or derived is relative to what branch an organism is on. Now let's compare traits on the lamprey-dolphin-shark-wolf branch. ", "Derived characters are used to infer evolutionary relationships, as derived characters evolved after primitive characters. In comparing humans and apes, it can be said that an upright stance in humans is a derived character. diversity -- Term used to describe numbers of taxa, or variation in morphology. ", "Convergent evolution creates analogous structures that have similar form or function, but that were not present in the last common ancestor of those groups. The cladistic term for the same phenomenon is homoplasy, from Greek for same form. The recurrent evolution of flight is a classic example of convergent evolution. Functionally similar features arising through convergent evolution are termed analogous, in contrast to homologous structures or traits, which have a common origin, but not necessarily similar function.", "I want to ask my audience this question... Traits that are derived from a common ancestor, like similarity in the bones of human arms and bird wings, are said to be ______. Poll responses are kept private. Poll Everywhere lets your audience respond using text messages (SMS), Twitter, or the web in real-time. The best part is you can embed live audience responses and live charts right inside your Microsoft PowerPoint presentation, free!", "Whether or not a trait is considered derived depends on the group in question. For example, among the (crown group) tetrapods, having five fingers is the primitive trait-as their last common ancestor bore a five-digit hand. Simplicity is often secondarily derived. For example, the absence of mitochondria in the anaerobic protist Entamoeba histolytica is a result of their secondary loss, and when considered in the context of eukaryotes as a whole, is a derived trait." ], "url": [ "http://palaeos.com/phylogeny/glossary.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synapomorphy", "http://palaeos.com/phylogeny/glossary.html", "http://www.sps186.org/downloads/basic/230787/ch023.pdf", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synapomorphy", "http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/change/family/page04.html", "http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/glossary/glossary_1.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convergent_evolution", "http://www.polleverywhere.com/polls/4023085-traits-that-are-derived-from-a-common-ancestor-like-similarity-in-t", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synapomorphy" ] }

[ "Convergent evolution creates analogous structures that have similar form or function, but that were not present in the last common ancestor of those groups. The cladistic term for the same phenomenon is homoplasy, from Greek for same form. The recurrent evolution of flight is a classic example of convergent evolution. Functionally similar features arising through convergent evolution are termed analogous, in contrast to homologous structures or traits, which have a common origin, but not necessarily similar function." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "System Costs. As mentioned in the introduction, residential solar systems are typically sized from 3 to 8kW and end up costing somewhere between $15,000 and $40,000. In this section, we will look at the costs of the various components of a solar system (not installation or operational costs). Solar Panels. The solar panels themselves usually account for about 30% of total costs. Residential solar panels with a combined capacity of 3-8kW typically cost between $4,000-$16,000. The best solar panels are not necessarily the most expensive.", "Free consultation. Schedule a free consultation with one of our knowledgeable consultants to learn about the price of a solar panel system for your home and how much you can save every month on your electricity bills. The initial call will be about 10 minutes. Our residential solar power systems are custom designed for your home. Getting a solar panel system price estimate is easy: you can start with a quick online quote, talk with one of our friendly consultants or request a free consultation and written proposal.", "A typical residential solar PV panel system in the U.S. costs $3.60/watt after installation, and the solar panels typically save the customer over $20,000 (net) over the course of 20 years. Learn more about the many advantages of solar energy. ", "The bulk of the price of going solar is now the “soft costs” (installation, permitting, etc.) rather than the solar panel cost. Again referencing the latest US Solar Market Insight report, the average installed cost of a residential solar panel system was $4.72/watt. However, prices vary tremendously by region. “Common residential system prices ranged from less than $3.00/W to just above $7.00/W,” the Solar Energy Industries Association writes. The total price of a system, of course, varies tremendously based on the size of your roof and your electricity needs. I got a quote for my 2,000 square foot house in the Dallas area and it was $85,000 installed. Financed over 30 years that comes out to $509/month. My electric bill is about $140/month on average. So over 30 years solar would cost over $100,000 more than electricity from the grid (gas, coal, wind).", "The cost of home solar panels depends on the size of the system that you need. As of June 2011, one company offered a medium-sized system capable of generating 480 KWh per month for approximately $9,000 before the state rebates and tax incentives. You also must factor in the cost of labor to determine the cost of residential solar panels. How much the installation of the system will cost depends on the size of the panels and your home. In some cases, installation can double the cost of the system. Call local contractors who are experienced with installing solar panels for an estimate", "Once these were factored in, the actual cost of the system was around $6,000 plus the cost of installation. The current federal tax credit is 30 percent of the cost of home solar panels. You will receive that back as a refund on your next year’s taxes. You also must factor in the cost of labor to determine the cost of residential solar panels. How much the installation of the system will cost depends on the size of the panels and your home. In some cases, installation can double the cost of the system. Call local contractors who are experienced with installing solar panels for an estimate", "Figuring out exactly how much your solar system will cost can take a little detective work. Electricity rates vary, and each state has different rebates that may affect the overall price of your system. The average system costs a little over $10,000. When we installed solar, the value of our home was increased by more than the cost of the system. We know that electricity prices will continue to climb, but not for us! - Ellen, Wholesale Solar Employee-Owner.", "With Wholesale Solar’s current pricing (Jan. 2015), a medium sized gridtie system that generates about 815 kWh a month would cost about $10,500 BEFORE the 30% federal tax credit and rebates offered by your state or utility company. When we installed solar, the value of our home was increased by more than the cost of the system. We know that electricity prices will continue to climb, but not for us! - Ellen, Wholesale Solar Employee-Owner." ], "url": [ "http://energyinformative.org/solar-panels-cost/", "http://www.solarcity.com/residential/solar-panel-prices", "http://costofsolar.com/", "http://cleantechnica.com/2014/02/04/current-cost-solar-panels/", "http://www.residentialsolarpanels.org/install-solar-powered-panels", "http://www.residentialsolarpanels.org/install-solar-powered-panels", "http://www.wholesalesolar.com/solar-information/solar-cost", "http://www.wholesalesolar.com/solar-information/solar-cost" ] }

[ "System Costs. As mentioned in the introduction, residential solar systems are typically sized from 3 to 8kW and end up costing somewhere between $15,000 and $40,000. In this section, we will look at the costs of the various components of a solar system (not installation or operational costs). Solar Panels. The solar panels themselves usually account for about 30% of total costs. Residential solar panels with a combined capacity of 3-8kW typically cost between $4,000-$16,000. The best solar panels are not necessarily the most expensive." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 The late filing penalty is 5% of the additional taxes owed amount for every month (or fraction thereof) your return is late, up to a maximum of 25%. 2 If you file more than 60 days after the due date, the minimum penalty is $135 or 100% of your unpaid tax, whichever is smaller.", "Late Filing Penalty. You need to file your federal income tax return by the due date, or at least request an extension. Otherwise, the IRS automatically assesses a late-filing penalty, usually 5 percent of the amount of unpaid taxes, for every month or part of a month that you are late, up to 25 percent.", "The IRS assesses a late-payment penalty if you do not pay 90 percent or more of your unpaid tax by April 15, even if you file Form 4868. For example, let's say you owe $5,000 in taxes: If you don't pay at least $4,500 when you file Form 4868, the IRS will assess a late-payment penalty.", "1 Minimum late filing penalty. 2 If you file your return more than 60 days after the due date or extended due date, the minimum penalty for late filing is the smaller of $135 or 100 percent of the unpaid tax. 3 Penalty for late payment. 4 The failure-to-pay penalty is generally 0.5 percent per month of your unpaid taxes.", "1 It will not exceed 25 percent of your unpaid taxes. 2 Minimum late filing penalty. 3 If you file your return more than 60 days after the due date or extended due date, the minimum penalty for late filing is the smaller of $135 or 100 percent of the unpaid tax. 4 Penalty for late payment.", "1 The penalty for filing late is normally 5 percent of the unpaid taxes for each month or part of a month that a tax return is late. 2 That penalty starts accruing the day after the tax filing due date and will not exceed 25 percent of your unpaid taxes.", "Even if you file a return, you will incur a late payment penalty if the full amount of tax owed is not paid on time. This penalty is 0.5% of your unpaid tax; charged each month (or part of a month) that your tax is overdue, up to a maximum of 25%.", "If you file your tax return on time and apply for an installment agreement, the IRS reduces your late-payment penalty to 0.25 percent per month. $5,000 x 0.0025 = $12.50 per month. If you do not apply for the filing extension, the late-filing payment fee is 4.5 percent of the unpaid tax per month up to five months. $5,000 x 0.045 = $225 per month. In addition to late-payment penalties, any tax you owe after April 15 will accrue interest." ], "url": [ "https://ttlc.intuit.com/questions/2547642-what-s-the-irs-penalty-for-filing-late", "http://budgeting.thenest.com/irs-late-fees-penalties-26152.html", "http://money.howstuffworks.com/personal-finance/personal-income-taxes/filing-tax-extensions2.htm", "https://www.irs.gov/uac/what-to-know-about-late-filing-and-late-paying-penalties", "https://www.irs.gov/uac/what-to-know-about-late-filing-and-late-paying-penalties", "https://www.irs.gov/uac/newsroom/eight-facts-on-late-filing-and-late-payment-penalties", "http://www.taxextension.com/resources/irs-interest-late-fees-and-penalties", "http://money.howstuffworks.com/personal-finance/personal-income-taxes/filing-tax-extensions2.htm" ] }

[ "1 The penalty for filing late is normally 5 percent of the unpaid taxes for each month or part of a month that a tax return is late. 2 That penalty starts accruing the day after the tax filing due date and will not exceed 25 percent of your unpaid taxes." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Polynomial Discriminant. A polynomial discriminant is the product of the squares of the differences of the polynomial roots. The discriminant of a polynomial is defined only up to constant factor, and several slightly different normalizations can be used.", "Then the answer is: x = –1.24, x = 3.24, rounded to two places. For reference, here's what the graph looks like: There is a connection between the solutions from the Quadratic Formula and the graph of the parabola: you can tell how many x-intercepts you're going to have from the value inside the square root.", "Standard Form. The Standard Form of a Quadratic Equation looks like this: 1 a, b and c are known values. a can't be 0. 2 x is the variable or unknown (we don't know it yet). ", "Definition of Discriminant. The Discriminant of an equation gives an idea of the number of roots and the nature of roots of the equation. If ax 2 + bx + c = 0 is a quadratic equation, then the Discriminant of the equation, i.e. D = b 2 - 4ac. ", "Introduction. You can solve any quadratic equation by completing the square—rewriting part of the equation as a perfect square trinomial. If you complete the square on the generic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 and then solve for x, you find that. ", "Quadratic Formula Calculator & Solver. Calculator for solutions to any Quadratic equation. The calculator uses the quadratic formula to find solutions to any quadratic equation. The formula is: The quadratic formula calculator below will solve any quadratic equation that you type in.", "The Discriminant. In the quadratic formula, the expression under the square root sign, b 2 – 4 ac, is called the discriminant. The sign of the discriminant can be used to find the number of solutions of the corresponding quadratic equation, ax 2 + bx + c = 0. If the discriminant b 2 – 4 ac is negative, then there are no real solutions of the equation. If the discriminant is positive, then the ± symbol means you get two answers. The solutions of this equation correspond to the x-intercepts of the parabola. y = ax 2 + bx + c. So, you can also use the discriminant to find the number of x-intercepts of a parabola.", "If the discriminant is zero, there is only one solution. If the discriminant is positive, then the ± symbol means you get two answers. The solutions of this equation correspond to the x-intercepts of the parabola. y = ax 2 + bx + c. So, you can also use the discriminant to find the number of x-intercepts of a parabola.", "ADVERTISEMENT. Probably the most important thing to remember when using the Quadratic Formula (other than the Formula itself, which you should memorize) is that you must do each step clearly and completely, so you don't lose your denominators or plus-minuses or square roots. ", "Because the quadratic equation involves only one unknown, it is called univariate . The quadratic equation only contains powers of x that are non-negative integers, and therefore it is a polynomial equation, and in particular it is a second degree polynomial equation since the greatest power is two. " ], "url": [ "http://mathworld.wolfram.com/PolynomialDiscriminant.html", "http://www.purplemath.com/modules/quadform2.htm", "http://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/quadratic-equation.html", "http://www.icoachmath.com/math_dictionary/discriminant.html", "http://www.montereyinstitute.org/courses/DevelopmentalMath/COURSE_TEXT2_RESOURCE/U16_L5_T2_text_final.html", "http://www.mathwarehouse.com/quadratic/quadratic-formula-calculator.php", "http://hotmath.com/hotmath_help/topics/discriminant.html", "http://hotmath.com/hotmath_help/topics/discriminant.html", "http://www.purplemath.com/modules/quadform3.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadratic_equation" ] }

[ "The Discriminant. In the quadratic formula, the expression under the square root sign, b 2 – 4 ac, is called the discriminant. The sign of the discriminant can be used to find the number of solutions of the corresponding quadratic equation, ax 2 + bx + c = 0. If the discriminant b 2 – 4 ac is negative, then there are no real solutions of the equation. If the discriminant is positive, then the ± symbol means you get two answers. The solutions of this equation correspond to the x-intercepts of the parabola. y = ax 2 + bx + c. So, you can also use the discriminant to find the number of x-intercepts of a parabola." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In English, the name Gayla means-festive party.The name Gayla originated as an English name. The name Gayla is most often used as a girl name or female name. Meaning of Gayla. English name. In English, the name Gayla means-festive party.The name Gayla originated as an English name. The name Gayla is most often used as a girl name or female name. English Name Meaning-festive party.", "Gayla /gay-la/ [2 sylls.] as a name for girls is of Hebrew and English derivation, and the name Gayla means father of exaltation. Gayla is an alternate spelling of Gail (Hebrew): short variant of Abigail. Gayla is also a derivative of Gayle (English). Kreatif forms: Gaella, Gayma, Gayta. (2000 U.S. Census). Displayed below is the birth name popularity of Gayla for girls. Gayla was first listed in 1940-1949 and reached its highest position of #493 in the U.S. during 1950-1959, but is not found in the list currently.", "English Meaning: The name Gayla is an English baby name. In English the meaning of the name Gayla is: Festive party. American Meaning: The name Gayla is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Gayla is: Festive party. SoulUrge Number: 2. Expression Number: 1. People with this name have a deep inner desire for love and companionship, and want to work with others to achieve peace and harmony.", "The name Gayla has the following meaning: My father's joy. An elaborated form of Gail, in turn a variant of Abigail. Also a variant of the French name Gala, meaning merry maker. The following names are baby names related to Gayla and are suitable names for brothers and sisters of Gayla: Boys-Amon, Areli, Asher, Elzie, Enoch, Jadon, Javon, Joel, Raphael, Girls-Anais, Derora, Diza, Mikaila, Ona, Yadira, Both genders-Jesse.", "As a baby girl name, Gayla is currently not a popular baby name in the USA. The following chart shows the popularity of the name Gayla in the USA, over the past 100 years. USA baby name statistics. You'll need the Adobe Flash Player and a browser with JavaScript enabled to see all baby name popularity charts. The following names are baby names related to Gayla and are suitable names for brothers and sisters of Gayla: Boys-Amon, Areli, Asher, Elzie, Enoch, Jadon, Javon, Joel, Raphael, Girls-Anais, Derora, Diza, Mikaila, Ona, Yadira, Both genders-Jesse.", "[ syll. gay-la, ga-yla ] The baby girl name Gayla is pronounced G EY-LAH †. Gayla is of Old Norse and English origin. It is used mainly in English. Gayla is a variation of Gail (English). Gayla is also a variation of Gala (Scandinavian, Hebrew, Russian, and Slavic). Gayla is also a variation of Gay (English). Gayla is rare as a baby girl name. At the modest peak of its usage in 1954, 0.031% of baby girls were named Gayla. ", "Meaning of Gayla: This is a modern variant of the name Gail, which is a variant of the name Abigail, which is derived from the Hebrew name Avigail (joy of the father). Origin and meaning of Gayla. 3 5. The meaning of Gayla is Joy of the Father . Its origin is Variant of the name Gail . Gayla is a form of Gail and is generally pronounced like GAY lah and GALE ah . This name is mostly being used as a girls name", "Gayla is a very prominent first name for females (#1027 out of 4276, Top 24%) but an unusual surname for both adults and children. (2000 U.S. Census). Displayed below is the birth name popularity of Gayla for girls. Gayla was first listed in 1940-1949 and reached its highest position of #493 in the U.S. during 1950-1959, but is not found in the list currently." ], "url": [ "http://www.meaning-of-names.com/english-names/gayla.asp", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Gayla", "http://www.sheknows.com/baby-names/name/gayla", "http://www.quickbabynames.com/meaning-of-Gayla.html", "http://www.quickbabynames.com/meaning-of-Gayla.html", "http://www.babynamespedia.com/meaning/Gayla", "http://www.ebabynames.com/#!meaning-of-Gayla", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/0/Gayla" ] }

[ "English Meaning: The name Gayla is an English baby name. In English the meaning of the name Gayla is: Festive party. American Meaning: The name Gayla is an American baby name. In American the meaning of the name Gayla is: Festive party. SoulUrge Number: 2. Expression Number: 1. People with this name have a deep inner desire for love and companionship, and want to work with others to achieve peace and harmony." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Bacterial infections may develop after a viral illness such as a cold or the flu. Bacterial infections may affect the upper or lower respiratory system, and symptoms tend to localize to one area. The most common sites of bacterial infections in the upper respiratory system are the sinuses and throat. Pneumonia is the most common bacterial infection of the lower respiratory system. Antibiotics are effective against bacterial infections only after they have developed, so most doctors do not prescribe them until a bacterial infection is suspected or confirmed", "In many cases, the chemical process of respiration requires oxygen, although some organisms are able to carry out respiration in the absence of oxygen. This page will explain the three types of respiration found in microorganisms, as well as how these types of respiration affect the wastewater treatment plant. Aerobic Respiration. Aerobic respiration is respiration in the presence of oxygen. Most multicellular organisms and many microorganisms produce their energy using aerobic respiration. In aerobic respiration, sugars are broken down in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy. Without oxygen, aerobic microorganisms are unable to produce energy and quickly die", "Bacterial pneumonia. This type is caused by various bacteria, the most common of which is streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus). It usually occurs when the body is weakened in some way, such as by illness, malnutrition, old age, or impaired immunity, and the bacteria are able to work their way into the lungs. ", "Some species of bacteria go through the process of cellular respiration. This is a more complex process that doesn t need oxygen, and the energy of the organic molecules is more efficient in the creation of ATP. Carbon dioxide and water are the byproducts most usually produced. To get energy from molecules such as sugars, bacteria must use fermentation or cellular respiration. These are processes that use the energy in the molecules to make adenosine triphosphate, known as ATP.", "Anaerobic bacteria basically mean bacteria that respire anaerobically. All living cells need to respire in order to release energy for vital cell activities. Anaerobic respiration is respiration in the absence of oxygen, hence anaerobic bacteria does not breathe at all. The purpose of respiration is to provide the cell with the appropriate molecules for creating energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate, ATP Many types of bacteria respire anaerobically. In other words, they can go through the process of respiration without oxygen present. ", "The respiration in bacteria is basically of two types aerobic and anaerobic which may be obligate or facultative. They are further classified as: Obligate aerobes: These are strict aerobes that mean they always require oxygen for their survival. They are not able to withstand anaerobic conditions. ", "Aerobically respiring forms of bacteria require oxygen to live. They utilize oxygen as fuel to help burn energy and provide them with the energy needed for life. This type of bacterial respiration is the same kind that human beings use, hence the term aerobic exercise.. The major byproduct of aerobic respiration from bacteria is carbon dioxide. Other forms, such as the bacteria that causes the Bubonic Plague, can kill a person if left untreated. There are many different types of bacteria and they respire using different methods. The two primary methods of bacterial respiration are aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration.", "Respiration is a process by which organic substances such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats (or) organic acids are degraded to release energy. It is a catabolic process. All living organisms require a continuous supply of energy for carrying out various functions of the body related to growth, development and movement. • Mitochondria is the seat of cellular respiration. • Energy is stored in the form of ATP in cells. • Glycolysis is also called as EMP pathway. • Formation of ATP during electron trasnsport chain is called oxidative phosphorylation.", "Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation. In the final stage of respiration, ATP is formed through a series of electron transfer reactions within the cytoplasmic membrane that drive the oxidative phosphorylation of ADP to ATP. Bacteria use various flavins, cytochrome, and non-heme iron components as well as multiple cytochrome oxidases for this process. ", "Quick Fact: With the exception of the ribosomes, prokaryotes lack organelles. To get energy from molecules such as sugars, bacteria must use fermentation or cellular respiration. These are processes that use the energy in the molecules to make adenosine triphosphate, known as ATP. This is used for growth, movement, temperature regulation, and many other processes that require energy" ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/lung/bacterial-or-viral-infections-of-the-respiratory-tract", "http://www.ehelp.com/questions/10437119/list-and-explain-the-three-types-of-respiration-found-in-bacteria", "http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/respiratory_disorders/pneumonia_85,P01321/", "http://www.cbv.ns.ca/mchs/diversity/Respiration.html", "http://www.studymode.com/essays/Anaerobic-Respiration-In-Bacteria-1180985.html", "http://www.thebigger.com/biology/monera/explain-the-respiration-process-in-bacteria/", "http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4565280_bacteria-respire.html", "http://www.tutornext.com/science/respiration.html", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7919/", "http://www.cbv.ns.ca/mchs/diversity/Respiration.html" ] }

[ "The respiration in bacteria is basically of two types aerobic and anaerobic which may be obligate or facultative. They are further classified as: Obligate aerobes: These are strict aerobes that mean they always require oxygen for their survival. They are not able to withstand anaerobic conditions. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "3D Rendering of a Monocyte. Monocytes are a type of white blood cells (leukocytes). They are the largest of all leukocytes. They are part of the innate immune system of vertebrates including all mammals (humans included), birds, reptiles, and fish. Monocytes which migrate from the bloodstream to other tissues will then differentiate into tissue resident macrophages or dendritic cells. Macrophages are responsible for protecting tissues from foreign substances, but are also suspected to be important in the formation of important organs like the heart and brain.", "Monocytes are produced by the bone marrow from precursors called monoblasts, bipotent cells that differentiated from hematopoietic stem cells. Monocytes circulate in the bloodstream for about one to three days and then typically move into tissues throughout the body. Monocytes which migrate from the bloodstream to other tissues will then differentiate into tissue resident macrophages or dendritic cells. Macrophages are responsible for protecting tissues from foreign substances, but are also suspected to be important in the formation of important organs like the heart and brain.", "Report Abuse. A high level of monocytes could mean a number of things. They're a type of phagocyte-a type of cell found in your blood that 'eats' many types of attacking bacteria and other microorganisms when it matures. High levels could mean that you have an infection as more develop to fight it. ", "Our immune system has a key component called the white blood cells, of which there are several different kinds. Monocytes are a type of white blood cell that fights off bacteria, viruses and fungi. Monocytes are the biggest type of white blood cell in the immune system. Originally formed in the bone marrow, they are released into our blood and tissues. When certain germs enter the body, they quickly rush to the site for attack. ", "Monocyte. Monocytes are produced by the bone marrow from stem cell precursors called monoblasts. Monocytes circulate in the bloodstream for about one to three days and then typically move into tissues throughout the body. They make up three to eight percent of the leukocytes in the blood. Monocyte under a light microscope (40x) from a peripheral blood smear surrounded by red blood cells. Monocytes are a type of white blood cell, part of the human body 's immune system. They are usually identified in stained smears by their large two-lobed nucleus.", "A monocyte (pictured below) is a large type of white blood cell with one large, smooth, well-defined, indented, slightly folded, oval, kidney-shaped, or notched nucleus (the cell s control center). White blood cells help protect the body against diseases and fight infections. ", "Monocytes are white blood cells that are common to the blood of all vertebrates and they help the immune system to function properly. There are a number of reasons for a high monocyte count, which can also be called monocytosis. Some of the reasons can include stress, viral fevers, inflammation and organ necrosis. A physician may order a monocyte blood count test to check for raised levels of monocytes. There are a number of reasons for this test, from a simple health check up to people suffering from heart attacks and leukemia. Complications with the blood and cancer are two other reasons that this test may be performed.", "Monocytes are considered the largest white blood cell. These cells are part of the innate immune system. Monocytes also play important roles in the immune function of the body. These cells are often found when doing a stained smear and appear large kidney shaped. Many of these re found in the spleen area. ", "This is taken directly from-http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-monocytes.htm#. Monocytes are a type of leukocyte or white blood cell which play a role in immune system function. Depending on a patient's level of health, monocytes make up between one and three percent of the total white blood cells in the body. For example, if monocytes are elevated because of an inflammation caused by a viral infection, the patient would be given medication to kill the virus and bring down the inflammation. Typically, when a monocyte count is requested, the lab will also run other tests on the blood to generate a complete picture." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocyte", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocyte", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090212105109AAhP5ZS", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-are-monocytes-definition-function-blood-test.html", "https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monocyte", "http://www.medfriendly.com/monocyte.html", "http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/what-causes-a-high-monocyte-count.htm", "http://www.justanswer.com/topics-monocytes/", "http://www.medhelp.org/posts/Undiagnosed-Symptoms/High-monocyte-levels-in-blood-test/show/1812502" ] }

[ "3D Rendering of a Monocyte. Monocytes are a type of white blood cells (leukocytes). They are the largest of all leukocytes. They are part of the innate immune system of vertebrates including all mammals (humans included), birds, reptiles, and fish. Monocytes which migrate from the bloodstream to other tissues will then differentiate into tissue resident macrophages or dendritic cells. Macrophages are responsible for protecting tissues from foreign substances, but are also suspected to be important in the formation of important organs like the heart and brain." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Some decorators work for free; they're earning commissions from merchants and may steer you to the highest priced products. 2 Others charge a fixed fee, of $500-$10,000 or more depending on location and reputation. 3 Hourly rates can be $35-$500, again based", "The cost of hiring an interior designer varies greatly. Most charge per hour, with the current market rate between $50 and $200 per hour. You would pay this in addition to the cost of furniture, accessories, artwork, etc. Some interior designers charge their clients by marking up the decor they choose.", "If the interior decorator charges for his services by the hour, the hourly rate may range between $50 and $200 per hour depending on the square footage of the space and the amount of work needed to complete the job.", "Interior Decorators usually cost less than Interior Designers as they are not certified professional designers with a degree and/or education in design. Decorators are not the same as Designers. Decorators will charge between $50 - $85 an hour depending on their location.", "This eliminates you paying an unknown amount when all is said and done. The cost of hiring an interior designer varies greatly. Most charge per hour, with the current market rate between $50 and $200 per hour. You would pay this in addition to the cost of furniture, accessories, artwork, etc. Some interior designers charge their clients by marking up the decor they choose.", "On average nationally, hiring an interior decorator or designer costs $7,125, with most homeowners spending between $5,544 and $8,706. If you decide to hire a professional for decorating your house, make sure you know the right kind of one that you need.", "1 On the other end of the spectrum are premiere interior decorating companies who might charge $400 to $500 per hour or more. 2 Flat fee: some interior design decorators charge a pre-determined rate for certain services.", "It depends on the interior decorator or interior designer and yes there is a difference! For newer designers fees usually start around $75 per hour. More established designers charge $100+ per hour depending on expertise and location. Sometimes the designers decided to choose a flat (fixed fee or Cost Plus." ], "url": [ "http://home.costhelper.com/interior-decorator.html", "http://www.sheknows.com/home-and-gardening/articles/1019319/the-cost-of-hiring-an-interior-designer-is-it-worth-it", "http://budgeting.thenest.com/much-interior-decorators-cost-24932.html", "http://www.remodelqa.com/decor-interior-design/543/how-much-does-an-interior-decorator-cost", "http://www.sheknows.com/home-and-gardening/articles/1019319/the-cost-of-hiring-an-interior-designer-is-it-worth-it", "http://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/home-design-and-decor/hire-an-interior-decorator-or-designer/", "http://costowl.com/home-improvement/design-interior-decorator-cost.html", "http://www.remodelqa.com/decor-interior-design/543/how-much-does-an-interior-decorator-cost" ] }

[ "The cost of hiring an interior designer varies greatly. Most charge per hour, with the current market rate between $50 and $200 per hour. You would pay this in addition to the cost of furniture, accessories, artwork, etc. Some interior designers charge their clients by marking up the decor they choose.", "This eliminates you paying an unknown amount when all is said and done. The cost of hiring an interior designer varies greatly. Most charge per hour, with the current market rate between $50 and $200 per hour. You would pay this in addition to the cost of furniture, accessories, artwork, etc. Some interior designers charge their clients by marking up the decor they choose." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "For example the median expected annual pay for a typical Child Life Specialist in the United States is $47,973 so 50% of the people who perform the job of Child Life Specialist in the United States are expected to make less than $47,973. Source: HR Reported data as of October 2015. Median $47,973. 1 Salary. The annual salary for someone with the job title Child Life Specialist may vary depending on a number of factors including industry, company size, location, years of experience and level of education.", "Results from a child life salary survey in 2012 indicated that, on average, entry-level child life professionals earned $39,263, but this varied based on the region of the country, position held, number of years of experience in the field, education level, certification status and size of the child life program. ", "Child life specialists with fewer than three years of experience in the field averaged $37,513, those with four to nine years of experience earned an average of $41,724, and those with nine or more years of experience averaged $46,097. Those with nine or more years of experience averaged $67,443. As of 2008, child life specialists earned an average of $39,775 per year. While those with only bachelor's degrees earned an average of $38,870, child life specialists with master's degrees averaged $41,479.", "$37,000. Average Child Life Specialist salaries for job postings in Las Vegas, NV are 19% lower than average Child Life Specialist salaries for job postings nationwide. ", "Half of all child life specialists polled reported annual salaries ranging from $36,754 to $47,157 per year. Child life specialists with additional supervisory or leadership responsibilities reported a somewhat higher average salary of $49,509 per year. Child life specialists working in the Pacific Coast states earned the highest average salary as of September 2012: $55,164 per year. Those in the Mid-Atlantic states reported the second-highest average salary by region: $44,475 per year. Child life specialists in most other areas of the country reported average salaries between $41,000 and $44,000", "Our team of Certified Compensation Professionals has analyzed survey data collected from thousands of HR departments at companies of all sizes and industries to present this range of annual salaries for people with the job title Child Life Specialist in the United States. The annual salary for someone with the job title Child Life Specialist may vary depending on a number of factors including industry, company size, location, years of experience and level of education.", "$46,000. Average Child Life Specialist salaries for job postings nationwide are 20% lower than average salaries for all job postings nationwide.", "Average National Salary. Based on the results of a salary survey conducted in 2012, the Child Life Council reports that child life specialists in the United States earned an average of $42,720 per year. Child life specialists working in the Pacific Coast states earned the highest average salary as of September 2012: $55,164 per year. Those in the Mid-Atlantic states reported the second-highest average salary by region: $44,475 per year. Child life specialists in most other areas of the country reported average salaries between $41,000 and $44,00", "As of 2008, the Child Life Council reports that directors or managers of child life programs earned an average annual salary of $63,417. Those who held bachelor's degrees reported average earnings of $55,857 per year, while those who held master's degrees received an average of $67,594 per year. Those with nine or more years of experience averaged $67,443. As of 2008, child life specialists earned an average of $39,775 per year. While those with only bachelor's degrees earned an average of $38,870, child life specialists with master's degrees averaged $41,479." ], "url": [ "http://www1.salary.com/Child-Life-Specialist-salary.html", "http://www.mayo.edu/mshs/careers/child-life-specialist", "http://work.chron.com/salary-health-benefits-child-life-specialist-7288.html", "http://www.indeed.com/salary/q-Child-Life-Specialist-l-Las-Vegas,-NV.html", "http://work.chron.com/much-money-child-life-specialist-make-20903.html", "http://www1.salary.com/Child-Life-Specialist-salary.html", "http://www.indeed.com/salary/Child-Life-Specialist.html", "http://work.chron.com/much-money-child-life-specialist-make-20903.html", "http://work.chron.com/salary-health-benefits-child-life-specialist-7288.html" ] }

[ "$37,000. Average Child Life Specialist salaries for job postings in Las Vegas, NV are 19% lower than average Child Life Specialist salaries for job postings nationwide. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Similar books to Natural Scorpion Control: How To Get Rid of Scorpions Without Pesticides or Poisons and Protect Yourself from a Scorpion Attack (Natural Pest Control Book 8).", "to get rid of your scorpions get rid of your fears. live with your scorpions. Check your boots in the morning, but live in peace and in prayer with your scorpions. It is not a scorpion problem; it is a cricket problem.", "Internet # 202821090. Terro Scorpion Killer is formulated to instantly kill spiders and create a long-lasting barrier to keep pests from coming back. Use this spray on spiders wherever possible indoors or out. Terro Spider Killer helps in creating a barrier to repel spiders from returning to your home.", "Natural Scorpion Pest Control. Scorpions can get inside buildings through torn windows and door screens, or through vents and other openings in walls. For this reason, prevention is a good, natural method of scorpion pest control. Check weather stripping around doors and make sure there are no gaps. Repair or replace any damaged sections.", "Keep yourself, your loved ones, and your home safe from scorpions with diatomaceous earth. It's a safe product that works through a mechanical reaction, rather than chemical, to kill bugs. When the scorpion comes into contact with the DE, the powder will attach to the exoskeleton of the scorpion and begin to dehydrate." ], "url": [ "http://www.amazon.com/Natural-Scorpion-Control-Scorpions-Pesticides-ebook/dp/B00C8T6F28", "http://forums.gardenweb.com/discussions/2159949/help-get-rid-of-scorpions-have-dogs", "http://www.homedepot.com/p/Terro-Scorpion-Killer-T2101-6/202821090", "http://www.orkin.com/stinging-pests/scorpions/natural-scorpion-pest-control/", "https://www.diatomaceousearth.com/natural-scorpion-killer/" ] }

[ "Keep yourself, your loved ones, and your home safe from scorpions with diatomaceous earth. It's a safe product that works through a mechanical reaction, rather than chemical, to kill bugs. When the scorpion comes into contact with the DE, the powder will attach to the exoskeleton of the scorpion and begin to dehydrate." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A pōwhiri may not be performed for every group of manuhiri (visitors); a mihi whakatau (informal greeting to visitors) may be used instead. Pōwhiri is often used for special visitors or for tūpāpaku (the body of the deceased) for a tangihanga (funeral). The first warrior represents the realm of Tumatauenga, the Atua (God) of War. The third Warrior represents Rongo the Atua of Peace (Rangimarie). It is the final warrior who offers the rautapu, a signal that the manuhiri (guests) may enter the Marae-atea.", "The powhiri is the ritual ceremony of encounter. Traditionally the process served to discover whether the visiting party were friend or foe, and so its origins lay partly in military necessity. The kaupapa or purpose of the occasion will be discussed, and perhaps general present day issues and concerns might be aired. Each speech is followed by the performance of a waiata (song), or sometimes a haka (dance), by the orator's support group.", "powhiri. n. 1. (Anthropology & Ethnology) NZ a Māori ceremony of welcome, esp to a marae. [Māori]. 1 Facebook. 2 Twitter. ", "Find synonyms, antonyms and the meaning of the word powhiri in our free online dictionary! Find words starting with powhiri and anagrams of powhiri. ", "The pōwhiri (or pōhiri) is a process whereby the host people welcome visitors on the marae. In recent years the pōwhiri process has also been used in other situations, such as welcoming a new employee to a workplace. The marae usually consists of a wharenui (meeting house) with marae ātea (courtyard) in front, a wharekai (dining hall) and an ablutions block with toilets and showers.", "Answer by 3u8rbba98edy2. Confidence votes 31.2K. Haka and powhiri are two separate acts. The haka is a war-dance that was used to inspire fear in the enemy and cause them to surrender before any battle was necessary; it is now used as a challenge in sports and as a mark of respect for an esteemed person. it is a display of dexterity and agility that is used to instill fear in the opponent. the haka is never preformed for amusement. it is still used to this day in sports to lay out the challenge to the other team.", "The term powhiri has been etymologically analyzed by Maori in order to describe what it means. There are two parts to the word – po and whiri. Po is described as “a venture into the ‘unknown’ or a new experience,” while whiri comes to mean “the act or experience of exchanging information and knowledge” . Thanks for visiting! New Zealand Maori sharing in the sacred act of hongi, exchanging the ha or breath of life. The title is a bit of a mouthful, but let me explain. I have been a ballroom dancer since I was about 12 years old, or about 15 years.", "The powhiri is a welcome ceremony and ritual which the Maori perform in order to greet visitors to their land. There is a great documentary at NewZealand.com which explains this ceremony with multimedia. It is described as the “ embodiment of [Maori] spiritual and cultural being ” . Thanks for visiting! New Zealand Maori sharing in the sacred act of hongi, exchanging the ha or breath of life. The title is a bit of a mouthful, but let me explain. I have been a ballroom dancer since I was about 12 years old, or about 15 years.", "The manuhiri are the visitors to the marae. Waewae tapu refers to a first time visitor who has not entered into. the marae-they are waewae tapu. All first time waewae tapu need to be officially welcomed through the process of powhiri before they can set foot on a marae. Roles of manuhiri are necessary during the powhiri process. the tikanga, the roles people have and the functions that may be held on the marae. In the context of a school In the context of a school, the staff and students are the tangata whenua but are usually guided in the definition of their tikanga by the local Maori who know the area." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%8Dwhiri", "http://maaori.com/misc/powhiri.htm", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/powhiri", "http://www.wordplays.com/definition/powhiri", "http://www.teara.govt.nz/en/marae-protocol-te-kawa-o-te-marae/page-2", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_purpose_of_the_Haka_Powhiri", "http://www.templestudy.com/2008/09/25/powhiri-and-hongi-of-new-zealands-maori-a-sacred-ritual/", "http://www.templestudy.com/2008/09/25/powhiri-and-hongi-of-new-zealands-maori-a-sacred-ritual/", "https://prezi.com/ar_7amwd7n-t/powhiri-in-action/" ] }

[ "The powhiri is the ritual ceremony of encounter. Traditionally the process served to discover whether the visiting party were friend or foe, and so its origins lay partly in military necessity. The kaupapa or purpose of the occasion will be discussed, and perhaps general present day issues and concerns might be aired. Each speech is followed by the performance of a waiata (song), or sometimes a haka (dance), by the orator's support group." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 In the next-door compound, a burly man was whacking a skinny boy with a thick stick. 2 She had been clamped by the time she got outside, and two burly men demanded £125 to have her car released. 3 Blanche looked at him, a big burly man with an abdomen that was bulging over his belt which seemed much too tight for him.", "He's a big, burly rugby player who works as a landscape gardener. ( 1 slang) Originating from the east end of London, England. 2 An expressive term to mean something is good, awesome, amazing, unbelievable. 3 e.g That goal was burly, or Raeikkoenen räikkönen is a Burly formula 1. driver", "A man with a Grizzly Adams look. A man with a big burly beard, burly arms, burly chest, burly man ass and big burly hairy balls.", "Burly Man. Often refers to a man who is able to grow a corn-silk like beard. A burly man is not afraid to share his eclectic tastes such as music and authors. A burly man is a true friend who is reliable.", "LINK / CITE ADD TO WORD LIST. adjective. This man is burly. This man is burly. The definition of burly is big, strong and rough. An example of a burly person is a muscular lumberjack." ], "url": [ "http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/burly", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/burly", "http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Burly%20Man", "http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Burly%20Man", "http://www.yourdictionary.com/burly" ] }

[ "Burly Man. Often refers to a man who is able to grow a corn-silk like beard. A burly man is not afraid to share his eclectic tastes such as music and authors. A burly man is a true friend who is reliable." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "So, in the end, game show winners get some of the money that TV advertisers pay to the networks, who pay the show producers, who then pay the game show winners. Just in the same way that the actors, and crew of a show get paid. Game shows, like other programs, have costs to produce the programs-they have to pay for sets, cameras, talent (the hosts), and also prizes to contestants.", "(Valerie Macon/Getty Images). Oh, happy day! You're a contestant on a popular game show - The Price Is Right, let's say. You spin the wheel, you make the winning bid, and suddenly-ka-ching! - you've won the Lexus or the dishwasher or the lifetime supply of nail clippers.", "1 If you can use most of the prizes the show offers, such as a new car or trip, you may be content to appear on a game show that features material prizes. 2 If not, you should probably try out for a show where cash is the main prize. 3 In the United States, game show contestants must pay taxes on any prizes they win. 2. Meet the eligibility requirements. All game shows have certain eligibility requirements for their contestants. Generally, you must be at least 18 years of age, except for those shows that use child or teenage contestants, and you are allowed to appear on no more than 1 game show per year.", "Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: You don't always win the money amount on the front of your lectern when you are on a game show. As someone else said, 2nd place earns $2000 and 3rd place earns $1000 in Jeopardy! In any case, the prize money is paid out from the ad revenue that the show receives from sponsors. I think in this case Who Wants to be a Millionaire or Deal or No Deal is the best example of how shows can be successful while still paying the prize money. I feel this way because these shows have a potential, however small it may be, to pay out 1 million dollars to every contestant on the show. Here is the reality. Regardless of the show whether it be a game show or a drama, a network will receive money from commercial advertising based on the viewership. With this in mind a game show costs very little to actually air compared to a full production drama series, that's where the prize money comes from", "Win the prize, pay the tax piper. Most of us know if we win a cash prize, there are taxes to pay. Big prizes mean big taxes. But many game show contestants don't realize when they win merchandise, there's also tax to pay, and you might not get out the door with your prize until some of that tax is paid. When the prize is merchandise or travel – a washer/dryer, a new car, a cruise – it's a different ball game. ", "Best Answer: Your question offers a way to easily see the insight of how television works as a business. Game shows, like other programs, have costs to produce the programs-they have to pay for sets, cameras, talent (the hosts), and also prizes to contestants.", "Reality shows never reveal how much they pay, but sometimes contestants do. On Survivor, the show talks about the grand prize: $1 million. The host, Jeff Probst, talks about the first-runner up making a “$900,000 mistake,” which implies that the second place finisher gets $100,000. " ], "url": [ "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081013162844AAweLlv", "http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/business/2012/08/the-price-is-right-but-taxes-are-wrong/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Appear-on-a-Game-Show", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100310233411AAsOD5l", "http://www.accountingweb.com/tax/individuals/can-you-afford-free-taxes-spoil-the-game-show-win", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081013162844AAweLlv", "http://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2011/09/14/good-question-do-reality-tv-contestants-get-paid/" ] }

[ "1 If you can use most of the prizes the show offers, such as a new car or trip, you may be content to appear on a game show that features material prizes. 2 If not, you should probably try out for a show where cash is the main prize. 3 In the United States, game show contestants must pay taxes on any prizes they win. 2. Meet the eligibility requirements. All game shows have certain eligibility requirements for their contestants. Generally, you must be at least 18 years of age, except for those shows that use child or teenage contestants, and you are allowed to appear on no more than 1 game show per year." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Botulism is a serious illness that causes flaccid paralysis of muscles. It is caused by a neurotoxin, generically called botulinum toxin, produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum (and rarely by C. butyricum and C. baratii). Botulism facts. 1 The botulism neurotoxin is one of the most potent, lethal substances known. 2 Botulism is a disease caused by this neurotoxin (specifically A, B, E, or F type neurotoxin). 3 The neurotoxin is produced by bacteria called Clostridium botulinum. 4 The neurotoxin paralyzes muscles and can be deadly.", "Clostridial gas gangrene is a highly lethal necrotizing soft tissue infection of skeletal muscle caused by toxin-and gas-producing Clostridium species. The synonym clostridial myonecrosis better describes both the causative agent and the target tissue. ", "C difficile disease is caused by the overgrowth of the organism in the intestinal tract, primarily in the colon (Fig. 18-4). The organism appears unable to compete successfully in the normal intestinal ecosystem, but can compete when normal flora are disturbed by antibiotics, allowing overgrowth of C difficile. Clinical Manifestations. Botulism is a disease caused by the toxin of a diverse group of clostridia called C botulinum. This neurotoxin characteristically causes a symmetrical, descending paralysis (Fig. 18-3). The symptoms of botulism can occur in both the nervous system and the alimentary tract of the patient.", "by Seth Cowan. Tetanus is a disease caused by the bacteria Clostridium tetani, a gram negative rod bacterium. C. tetani spores generally reside in manure rich soils after being passed from the normal gut flora of animals. ", "Tetanus is a severe disease caused by the toxin of C tetani (Fig. 18-2). This organism grows in a wound and secretes a toxin that invades systemically and causes muscle spasms. The initial symptom is cramping and twitching of muscles around a wound. Clinical Manifestations. Botulism is a disease caused by the toxin of a diverse group of clostridia called C botulinum. This neurotoxin characteristically causes a symmetrical, descending paralysis (Fig. 18-3). The symptoms of botulism can occur in both the nervous system and the alimentary tract of the patient.", "Clostridium is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria belonging to the Firmicutes. They are obligate anaerobes capable of producing endospores. Individual cells are rod-shaped, which gives them their name, from the Greek kloster (κλωστήρ) or spindle. 1 C. botulinum can produce botulinum toxin in food or wounds and can cause botulism. 2 Honey sometimes contains spores of C. botulinum, which may cause infant botulism in humans one year old and younger. 3 The toxin eventually paralyzes the infant's breathing muscles.", "The bacteria Clostridium perfringens is one of the leading causes of foodborne gastroenteritis in the United States. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates, as many as one million individuals are affected by C. perfringens each year (Grass et al. 2013; Scallan et al. ", "Clostridium contains around 100 species that include common free-living bacteria, as well as important pathogens. The five main species responsible for disease in humans are: 1 C. botulinum can produce botulinum toxin in food or wounds and can cause botulism. 1 C. botulinum can produce botulinum toxin in food or wounds and can cause botulism. 2 Honey sometimes contains spores of C. botulinum, which may cause infant botulism in humans one year old and younger. 3 The toxin eventually paralyzes the infant's breathing muscles.", "Frequently asked questions. Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) is a spore-forming gram-positive bacterium that is found in many environmental sources as well as in the intestines of humans and animals. C. perfringens is commonly found on raw meat and poultry. Although C. perfringens may live normally in the human intestine, illness is caused by eating food contaminated with large numbers of C. perfringens bacteria that produce enough toxin in the intestines to cause illness.", "Food poisoning. In botulism food poisoning, the toxin is produced by the vegetative cells of C botulinum in contaminated food, and preformed toxin then is ingested with the contaminated food. The incubation time can vary from a few hours to 10 days, but most commonly is 18–36 hours. Clinical Manifestations. Botulism is a disease caused by the toxin of a diverse group of clostridia called C botulinum. This neurotoxin characteristically causes a symmetrical, descending paralysis (Fig. 18-3). The symptoms of botulism can occur in both the nervous system and the alimentary tract of the patient." ], "url": [ "http://www.medicinenet.com/botulism/article.htm", "http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/214992-overview", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8219/", "http://www.austincc.edu/microbio/2421d/tet.htm", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8219/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clostridium", "http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/fs101", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clostridium", "http://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/diseases/clostridium-perfringens.html", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8219/" ] }

[ "by Seth Cowan. Tetanus is a disease caused by the bacteria Clostridium tetani, a gram negative rod bacterium. C. tetani spores generally reside in manure rich soils after being passed from the normal gut flora of animals. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "On 11-12-1996 Jack Griffo (nickname: Davis) was born in Orlando, Florida, United States.", "Jack Davis Griffo is a 17-year old actor born on December 11, 1996. Jack is from Orlando, Florida but moved to Los Angeles in 2010 to pursue his acting career. Jack plays the guitar and sings. His hobby is skateboarding. He is very close to his friends and his family.", "Jack Griffo Height: 5' 6 (167.64 cm). Standing at a height of 5 feet, 6 inches tall Jack Griffo is taller than 11.9% of all men, as reflected by the figure's fill height %.Conversely, at this height Jack Griffo is not as tall as 88.1% of all men.", "Born in Orlando, Florida, on December 11th, 1996, Jack grew up with theater-geek siblings who initiated him into the acting world as a toddler. He booked his first commercial at age two. In the 7th grade he was cast in A Christmas Story and To Kill a Mockingbird at his community theatre.", "Born in Orlando, Florida, on December 11th, 1996, Jack grew up with theater-geek siblings who initiated him into the acting world as a toddler. He booked his first commercial at age two." ], "url": [ "http://taddlr.com/celebrity/jack-griffo/", "http://ahighschoolrockstar.wikia.com/wiki/Jack_Griffo", "http://height.poptower.com/jack-griffo-height.htm", "http://www.imdb.com/name/nm4338976/", "http://www.imdb.com/name/nm4338976/bio" ] }

[ "Jack Griffo Height: 5' 6 (167.64 cm). Standing at a height of 5 feet, 6 inches tall Jack Griffo is taller than 11.9% of all men, as reflected by the figure's fill height %.Conversely, at this height Jack Griffo is not as tall as 88.1% of all men." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Case Discussion: Laryngocele is usually an acquired herniation of laryngeal mucosa secondary to an increase in intralaryngeal pressure. Risk factors include excessive cough, playing wind instruments or post inflammatory stenosis and obstruction. ", "Dr. T. Balasubramanian M.S. D.L.O. History: This benign tumor was first described by Virchow in 1863. He defined it as an anomalous air sac communicating with the laryngeal ventricle. He initially used the term laryngocele ventricularis to describe this condition. Laryngoceles are intimately associated with laryngeal saccule, which is infact an appendix of the laryngeal ventricle. If the accumulated fluid is mucoid in nature the term laryngomucocele is used. If it is filled with pus then laryngopyocele is used to describe the mass. Pathophysiology: Factors that cause an increase in intra laryngeal pressure like coughing, straining, blowing wind instruments may cause laryngocele.", "laryngocele. [ləring′gōsēl′]. an abnormal air-containing cavity connected to the laryngeal ventricle. It is caused by a protrusion of the mucous membrane of the ventricle and may displace and enlarge the false vocal cord, resulting in hoarseness and airway obstruction. Because a laryngocele is also a potential reservoir of infection, it is usually excised. Also called laryngeal pouch, saccule of larynx.", "Laryngocele refers to a congenital anomalous air sac communicating with the cavity of the larynx, which may bulge outward on the neck. It may also be acquired, seen in glassblowers due to continual forced expiration producing increased pressures in the larynx which leads to dilatation of the laryngeal ventricle (sinus of Morgagni). It is also seen in people with chronic obstructive airway disease.", "Laryngocele Definition. Laryngocele refers to a congenital anomalous air sac which communicates with the cavity of the larynx which bulges outward. Laryngocele Causes. Laryngocele can be the result of abnormally large saccule. Saccule is the appendix of the laryngeal ventricle. This abnormally large saccule may extend over the level of the thyroid cartilage. These structures are connected with the laryngeal lumen and it is filled with air. This condition is more common in adults", "Medical Definition of LARYNGOCELE. : an air-containing evagination of laryngeal mucous membrane having its opening communicating with the ventricle of the larynx. What made you want to look up laryngocele?", "A laryngocele is a disorder of the saccule, or laryngeal appendix, in which air abnormally expands it. Watch this video to see how a laryngocele behaves in real-time, and why that can affect the voice. ", "Laryngocele: A rare condition where an air-filled sac associated with the larynx becomes dilated. More detailed information about the symptoms, causes, and treatments of Laryngocele is available below. Read about other experiences, ask a question about Laryngocele, or answer someone else's question, on our message boards: 1 I can not get a diagnosis. 2 Tell us your medical story. 3 Share your misdiagnosis story. 4 What is the best treatment for this? 5 See all the forums." ], "url": [ "http://radiopaedia.org/cases/laryngocele", "http://www.drtbalu.com/laryngocele.html", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/laryngocele", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngocele", "http://www.hxbenefit.com/laryngocele.html", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/laryngocele", "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xl2mGLhgLp8", "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/l/laryngocele/intro.htm" ] }

[ "Laryngocele refers to a congenital anomalous air sac communicating with the cavity of the larynx, which may bulge outward on the neck. It may also be acquired, seen in glassblowers due to continual forced expiration producing increased pressures in the larynx which leads to dilatation of the laryngeal ventricle (sinus of Morgagni). It is also seen in people with chronic obstructive airway disease." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "My parents let me go to the pool on my own at an early age, but I was a competitive swimmer starting at age 8. Our local pool has the rule that kids 7 and under need to be with an adult in the water. 8-11 an adult needs to be at the pool with them but can sit in on the deck of the pool. After 11 if they can pass a swim test then they're good to go.", "The answer is no one is allowed to swim alone in the pool. Not adults, kids, dogs or monsters. If you go to a public beach, there are signs that state no swimming without lifeguards or swim at your own risk. At public pools in my community, the pools are emptied of all swimmer if no lifeguard is present. At what age do/did you allow your child to swim in your pool unsupervised? My daughter is 11 years old and is an extremely strong swimmer.", "Posted: Jul-12 10:24 AM (1 of 31). Our local pools allow kids to swim alone at 8 years old. They are staffed with lifeguards but even so, my newest Parent's magazine stated that accidental drowning deaths were the second most common way for children ages 5-14 to lose their life. The particular story they featured had a child age 4, who had completed swimming lessons and was fearless of the water. Our local pool has the rule that kids 7 and under need to be with an adult in the water. 8-11 an adult needs to be at the pool with them but can sit in on the deck of the pool. After 11 if they can pass a swim test then they're good to go.", "Children 8 and younger need to have a parent or guardian in the water at all times. Cleveland: For indoor pools, children who are at least 8 years old and 4 feet tall can be left unattended. For outdoor pools, kids just need to be 4 feet tall. Columbus: Children 8 and older can be unattended. A person 16 and older can watch one child younger than 12 and a person 18 and older can watch up to 10 children who are younger than 12. Cincinnati Sports Club: Children 12 and older can be left alone at the Fairfax private pool.", "April 13, 2011 at 1:50 pm. It really depends on the individual child and when they seem ready to swim alone. For example, if you have a 13 year old but they are a weak swimming then supervision is still needed. Our YMCA has a test that kids must pass to be able to swim in the deep pool and go down the slide. It requires swimming the length of the pool in more than just a dog paddle and treading water for 30 seconds. They will not hesitate to fail a kid if they don’t think they are handling even if they are doing it.", "Two criminal laws specifically deal with unattended kids. One says that leaving a child 6 years of age or younger unattended in a motor vehicle for more than 10 minutes is child endangerment. Unattended means not accompanied by someone at least 14 years old, or out of that person's sight. This offense is a Class A misdemeanor (possible 1 year in jail and $1,000 fine). I say that a good age would be 10 or 11. As a parent of an eleven year old I am letting her swim ALONE.", "You can be at least 14 years of age! However, at that age, you have to be at top class and pass the Youth Academy and go up the world ladder. Normally, you can star … t swimming in the Olympiics at the age of 16. It depends on how your swimming progresses through the future. ", "So how do parents determine if a child is ‘old enough’ to be unsupervised at a pool or beach? Broward County in Florida is on the cutting edge of water safety and they recommend a minimum age of 12, though some experts believe it should be even higher. Our YMCA has a test that kids must pass to be able to swim in the deep pool and go down the slide. It requires swimming the length of the pool in more than just a dog paddle and treading water for 30 seconds. They will not hesitate to fail a kid if they don’t think they are handling even if they are doing it.", "Report Abuse. I would suggest that the adult owner of the pool has the right to set a minimum age for swimming in their pool, alone or otherwise. A general rule for all swimming (and other water sports) is 'never swim alone'. Most pools say you have to be over 14 to swim without adult supervision. If your under 14 and over 8 they make your parent sign a waver but under that you can't be by yourself. Source(s): I work at a pool.", "The Enquirer found some pools allow children as young as 8 to be at the pool alone. Others used height as part of the equation. In Dayton, at city-owned pools, children 8 and younger must have a parent or guardian in the water at all times. At YMCAs, children must pass a swim test to go in the deep end of the pool. Farhad Madani, who owns Austin, Texas-based consulting company Aquatic Safety Experts, said there is no real appropriate age for a child to be left alone at a pool because every child is different. A person 16 and older can watch one child younger than 12 and a person 18 and older can watch up to 10 children who are younger than 12. Cincinnati Sports Club: Children 12 and older can be left alone at the Fairfax private pool." ], "url": [ "http://www.whattoexpect.com/forums/hot-topics-1/topic/swimming-alone.html", "https://ca.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080825144220AAWxtMD", "http://www.whattoexpect.com/forums/hot-topics-1/topic/swimming-alone.html", "http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/politics/2014/07/01/young-young-alone-pool/11904675/", "http://www.pediatricsafety.net/2011/04/at-what-age-are-they-old-enough-to-swim-unsupervised/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_age_can_children_go_swimming_alone", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_old_do_you_have_to_be_to_go_swimming_on_your_own", "http://www.pediatricsafety.net/2011/04/at-what-age-are-they-old-enough-to-swim-unsupervised/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080529104719AAlwKZL", "http://www.cincinnati.com/story/news/politics/2014/07/01/young-young-alone-pool/11904675/" ] }

[ "Posted: Jul-12 10:24 AM (1 of 31). Our local pools allow kids to swim alone at 8 years old. They are staffed with lifeguards but even so, my newest Parent's magazine stated that accidental drowning deaths were the second most common way for children ages 5-14 to lose their life. The particular story they featured had a child age 4, who had completed swimming lessons and was fearless of the water. Our local pool has the rule that kids 7 and under need to be with an adult in the water. 8-11 an adult needs to be at the pool with them but can sit in on the deck of the pool. After 11 if they can pass a swim test then they're good to go." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Most modern espresso machines come with filter baskets both for loose coffee and for espresso pods. ESE espresso pods fit all models of espresso machines which have a filter basket for pods. 1 Howto & Style. 2 Standard YouTube License", "Additionally, the single serve machines almost always include instructions on how to make coffee pods from home.Another type of coffee pod that is used in regular automatic drip coffee makers is the coffee filter pack. These disks of coffee are used instead of ground coffee and a coffee filter. There are many different types of coffee pods that correspond to the different coffee machines they are used in as well as the different types of coffee that can be purchased in coffee pods.Miss Elliea€™ellieâ S Coffee pods are the best and smoothest pods on the. markets", "Whatever your preference — single or double espresso, cappuccino or latte — the pump espresso machine brews authentic barista-quality beverages just like you enjoy at your favorite coffeehouse. With a pump espresso machine, you are guaranteed a true crema that’s rich, creamy, and full of flavor. Water and steam are heated separately thanks to the dual thermostat system, allowing crema to reach the ultimate consistency without scalding the coffee. For milk-based beverages, the manual frother mixes steam and milk to create a rich, creamy froth for evenly textured drinks — just the way you like them. Our patented three-in-one filter holders give you total control over your beverages and allow you to choose from one shot, two shot, or convenient espresso pods.", "Nespresso is the brand name of Nestle Nestlé Nespresso.S. , a an operating unit of The Nestle, nestlé group Based, In. Lausanne switzerland nespresso machines brew espresso as well as full size coffee from (coffee capsules pods in), bar machines a type-of pre-apportioned single use container of ground coffee. and flavorings Nespresso is the brand name of Nestle Nestlé Nespresso.S. , a an operating unit of The Nestle, nestlé group Based, In. l", "Nespresso machines brew espresso as well as full size coffee from coffee capsules (pods in bar machines), a type of pre-apportioned single-use container of ground coffee and flavorings. Nespresso is the brand name of Nestle Nestlé Nespresso.S. , a an operating unit of The Nestle, nestlé group Based, In. lausanne switzerland", "Some brands of pod coffeemakers come with a larger selection of pods than others. DeLonghi, for example, uses the Nescafe Nescafé Dolce gusto, capsules which come in 16, flavors while machines made By, Breville, Cuisinart keurig And. Mr coffee Accept-k cup, pods which come in 250. varieties With three winners on Consumer Reports' list of recommended pod coffeemakers, DeLonghi dominates the top of our tests. Its machines deliver speedy first and subsequent cups, consistently hot servings, and offer other conveniences.", "There are many different types of coffee capsules available on the market other than ESE & Senseo pods, such as Nespresso, Tassimo, and Dolce Gusta. In terms of price and taste, there is a premium price to be paid on most capsule systems, and we consider the flavour of coffee produced from an ESE pod to be far better. Coffee pods are freshly roasted coffee, ground perfect, tampered to the correct pressure and then encapsulated in a paper. Pods are made to a standard size of 44mm with 6.8g - 7.5g of coffee per pod, as well as the 62mm coffee pod with 8g of coffee used in the Phillips Senseo coffee maker.", "That's it. Water is forced through the pod to make coffee, and you usually just use each pod once. These simple pods that are not machine-specific can be used with the Senseo machines as well as Melitta, Bunn and one of the Krups models. These are the ones that are actually labeled as pods. There are other makes of coffee machines that are designed to use their own specific format of coffee for their machines. Each kind has it's own name (Nespresso uses capsules, Keurig uses K-cups, Tassimo uses T-discs) but many people just group them all together as coffee pods along with the Senseo types.", "See how easy it is to make authentic espresso and cappuccino at home with a De’Longhi pump espresso machine. Now you can make authentic espressos, lattes and cappuccinos to suit your taste, in the comfort of your kitchen. For milk-based beverages, the manual frother mixes steam and milk to create a rich, creamy froth for evenly textured drinks — just the way you like them. Our patented three-in-one filter holders give you total control over your beverages and allow you to choose from one shot, two shot, or convenient espresso pods." ], "url": [ "http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bD4OQf8wPLQ", "http://www.coffee.org/Types-of-Coffee-Pods", "http://www.delonghi.com/en-us/products/coffee-and-espresso/coffee-makers/pump-espresso", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nespresso", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nespresso", "http://www.consumerreports.org/cro/news/2013/06/delonghi-pod-coffeemakers-dominate-the-top-of-our-tests/index.htm", "http://thecoffeepod.co.uk/contents/en-uk/about.html", "http://www.coffee.org/What-is-a-Coffee-Pod", "http://www.delonghi.com/en-us/products/coffee-and-espresso/coffee-makers/pump-espresso" ] }

[ "See how easy it is to make authentic espresso and cappuccino at home with a De’Longhi pump espresso machine. Now you can make authentic espressos, lattes and cappuccinos to suit your taste, in the comfort of your kitchen. For milk-based beverages, the manual frother mixes steam and milk to create a rich, creamy froth for evenly textured drinks — just the way you like them. Our patented three-in-one filter holders give you total control over your beverages and allow you to choose from one shot, two shot, or convenient espresso pods." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The interquartile range is a value that is the difference between the upper quartile value and the lower quartile value. To find the interquartile range, simply take the upper quartile and subtract the lower quartile. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. To find the interquartile range, simply take the upper quartile and subtract the lower quartile: 7.5 - 2.5 = 5. The interquartile range for this data set is 5. That means that the majority of the group can make about five out of ten free throw shots.", "1 The lower quartile (Q 1) is the median of the lower half of the data set. 2 The upper quartile (Q 3) is the median of the upper half of the data set. 3 The interquartile range (IQR) is the spread of the middle 50% of the data values. 4 So: The interquartile range is a more useful measure of spread than range as it describes the middle 50% of the data values and thus, is less affected by outliers. 19 21 24 21 24 28 25 24 30. 19 21 21 24 24 24 25 28 30. 1 The median is the middle value of the data set.", "The interquartile range is a value that is the difference between the upper quartile value and the lower quartile value. Coach Taylor can use the interquartile range to summarize the overall accuracy of his players. To find the quartiles of this data set use the following steps: 1 Order the data from least to greatest. To find the interquartile range, simply take the upper quartile and subtract the lower quartile: 7.5 - 2.5 = 5. The interquartile range for this data set is 5. That means that the majority of the group can make about five out of ten free throw shots.", "1 The upper quartile (Q 3) is the median of the upper half of the data set. 2 The interquartile range (IQR) is the spread of the middle 50% of the data values. The interquartile range is a more useful measure of spread than range as it describes the middle 50% of the data values and thus, is less affected by outliers. 19 21 24 21 24 28 25 24 30. 19 21 21 24 24 24 25 28 30. 1 The median is the middle value of the data set.", "Interquartile range. The interquartile range is another range used as a measure of the spread. The difference between upper and lower quartiles (Q 3 –Q 1), which is called the interquartile range, also indicates the dispersion of a data set. The interquartile range spans 50% of a data set, and eliminates the influence of outliers because, in effect, the highest and lowest quarters are removed. Semi-quartile range. The semi-quartile range is another measure of spread. It is calculated as one half the difference between the 75th percentile (often called Q 3) and the 25th percentile (Q 1). The formula for semi-quartile range is: (Q 3 –Q 1) ÷ 2.", "Since half the scores in a distribution lie between Q3 and Q1, the semi-interquartile range is 1/2 the distance needed to cover 1/2 the scores. In a symmetric distribution, an interval stretching from one semi-interquartile range below the median to one semi-interquartile above the median will contain 1/2 of the scores. Next section: Variance and Standard Deviation. The semi-interquartile range is a measure of spread or dispersion. It is computed as one half the difference between the 75th percentile [often called (Q3)] and the 25th percentile (Q1). The formula for semi-interquartile range is therefore: (Q3-Q1)/2", "In descriptive statistics, the interquartile range (IQR), also called the midspread or middle fifty, is a measure of statistical dispersion, being equal to the difference between the upper and lower quartiles, IQR = Q 3 − Q 1. Unlike total range, the interquartile range has a breakdown point of 50%, and is thus often preferred to the total range. The IQR is used to build box plots, simple graphical representations of a probability distribution." ], "url": [ "http://study.com/academy/lesson/quartiles-the-interquartile-range-definition-formulate-examples.html", "http://www.mathsteacher.com.au/year10/ch16_statistics/05_quartiles/24quartiles.htm", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/quartiles-the-interquartile-range-definition-formulate-examples.html", "http://www.mathsteacher.com.au/year10/ch16_statistics/05_quartiles/24quartiles.htm", "http://www.statcan.gc.ca/edu/power-pouvoir/ch12/5214890-eng.htm", "http://davidmlane.com/hyperstat/A48607.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interquartile_range" ] }

[ "Interquartile range. The interquartile range is another range used as a measure of the spread. The difference between upper and lower quartiles (Q 3 –Q 1), which is called the interquartile range, also indicates the dispersion of a data set. The interquartile range spans 50% of a data set, and eliminates the influence of outliers because, in effect, the highest and lowest quarters are removed. Semi-quartile range. The semi-quartile range is another measure of spread. It is calculated as one half the difference between the 75th percentile (often called Q 3) and the 25th percentile (Q 1). The formula for semi-quartile range is: (Q 3 –Q 1) ÷ 2." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "illustration from Jack Kilby's inventor's journal. integrated circuit. What we didn't realize then was that the integrated circuit would reduce the cost of electronic functions by a factor of a million to one, nothing had ever done that for anything before - Jack Kilby.", "Home Timelines. Computer History Timeline Timeline Description: Computers are made up of many parts, and each one of them is a unique invention on its own. In this timeline we will take a look at many of these parts, and how they contributed to the computers we have today. Date Event 1936 The First Computer The first freely programmable computer came into play. 1947 The transistor The transistor was invented by Bell Telephone Company.", "The history of RFID has shown a steady development in RFID technology. Having its routes in the earliest days of electrical science and then radio, RFID history has come out of developments such as radar and IFF.", "1 History of Integrated Circuit. 2 The integrated circuit otherwise known as The Chip or microchip was invented by both Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce.", "History of Robotics: Timeline This history of robotics is intertwined with the histories of technology, science and the basic principle of progress. Technology used in computing, electricity, even pneumatics and hydraulics can all be considered a part of the history of robotics.", "Robert Noyce, with sixteen patents to his name, founded Intel, the company responsible for the invention of the microprocessor, in 1968. But for both men the invention of the integrated circuit stands historically as one of the most important innovations of mankind. Almost all modern products use chip technology." ], "url": [ "http://inventors.about.com/od/istartinventions/a/intergrated_circuit.htm", "http://www.softschools.com/timelines/computer_history_timeline/20/", "http://www.radio-electronics.com/info/wireless/radio-frequency-identification-rfid/development-history.php", "http://inventors.about.com/od/computersandinternet/a/microchip.htm", "http://www.robotshop.com/media/files/PDF/timeline.pdf", "http://inventors.about.com/od/istartinventions/a/intergrated_circuit.htm" ] }

[ "1 History of Integrated Circuit. 2 The integrated circuit otherwise known as The Chip or microchip was invented by both Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Interpretive Guidelines: §489.20(r)(3) The purpose of the central log is to track the care provided to each individual who comes to the hospital seeking care for an emergency medical condition. Each hospital has the discretion to maintain the log in a form that best meets the needs of the hospital.", "Section 1866(a)(1)(I)(iii) of the Act states, as a requirement for participation in the Medicare program, that hospitals must maintain a list of physicians who are on call for duty after the initial examination to provide treatment necessary to stabilize an individual with an emergency medical condition.", ". Grievance procedures: Defines grievances as a written or verbal complaint regarding patient care, abuse, neglect, or issues reference to CMS Conditions of Participation (CoP's) or a Medicare billing complaint under 42 CFR section 489 that is not resolved on the spot. A written complaint is always considered a grievance under this rule.", "Section 1866(a)(1)(I)(iii)of the Act states, as a requirement for participation in the Medicare program, that hospitals must maintain a list of physicians who are on-call for duty after the initial examination to provide treatment necessary to stabilize an individual with an emergency medical condition.", "SUMMARY: This final rule clarifies policies relating to the responsibilities of Medicare-participating hospitals in treating individuals with emergency medical conditions who present to a hospital under the provisions of the Emergency Medical Treatment and Labor Act (EMTALA).", "“In the case of a hospital that has an emergency department, if an individual (whether or not eligible for Medicare benefits. and regardless of ability to pay) ‘comes to the emergency department,’ as defined in paragraph (b) of this section, the.", "Many who support EMTALA, however, contend that the emergency treatment provision is merely a condition of participation (CoP) in the Medicare program -- hospitals are free to choose not to participate in Medicare. However, Morreim says that logic is flawed." ], "url": [ "http://www.cms.gov/Regulations-and-Guidance/Guidance/Manuals/downloads/som107ap_v_emerg.pdf", "http://www.cms.gov/Regulations-and-Guidance/Legislation/EMTALA/Downloads/CMS-1063-F.pdf", "http://www.medlaw.com/healthlaw/OSHA/9_4/revised-conditions-of-par~print.shtml", "http://www.cms.gov/Regulations-and-Guidance/Guidance/Manuals/downloads/som107ap_v_emerg.pdf", "http://www.cms.gov/Regulations-and-Guidance/Legislation/EMTALA/Downloads/CMS-1063-F.pdf", "http://www.aapa.org/WorkArea/DownloadAsset.aspx?id=2175", "http://www.ncpa.org/sub/dpd/index.php?Article_ID=24963" ] }

[ "Section 1866(a)(1)(I)(iii) of the Act states, as a requirement for participation in the Medicare program, that hospitals must maintain a list of physicians who are on call for duty after the initial examination to provide treatment necessary to stabilize an individual with an emergency medical condition." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Even though it has 16 grams of total fat, 80 percent of the total consists of healthy unsaturated fats, which is similar to olive oil for the ratio of good to bad fats. One serving, or 2 tablespoons, of peanut butter contains 2 grams of dietary fiber, 6 grams of total carbohydrates and 8 grams of protein.", "Peanut butter in small amounts can stimulate your body to produce the HDL cholesterol that clean LDL out of your bloodstream and reduce your cholesterol. However, the saturated fats in peanut butter mean your body will simultaneously produce harmful LDL as well.", "Peanuts and cholesterol lowering go hand-in-hand. You can enjoy peanuts, peanut butter, and peanut oil for cholesterol lowering benefits but do so in moderation. Peanuts contain heart-healthy monounsaturated fats but also contain a high number of calories, which could lead to weight gain.", "Peanut butter is an excellent source of nutrition. Required to contain at least 90 percent peanuts, it includes more than 30 vitamins and minerals. Peanut butter contains no cholesterol or trans fats, according to the National Peanut Board. In fact, studies show that peanut butter may even improve your levels of good cholesterol.", "Peanut butter contains healthy unsaturated fats and unhealthy saturated fats, but the mere presence of bad fat does not suddenly kick it into the unhealthy camp, according to Harvard Health Publications. It's more important to look at the ratio of good to bad fats.", "Natural peanut butter is not a source of cholesterol. Cholesterol is found in animal products. Peanut butter is not an animal product. Typical peanut butter does contain a sma … ll amount of partially hydrogenated oils. This should be minimized in your diet if you are concerned about your cardiovascular health." ], "url": [ "http://www.livestrong.com/article/378181-is-peanut-butter-a-good-fat-or-bad-fat/", "http://getfit.jillianmichaels.com/peanut-butter-bad-high-cholesterol-1964.html", "http://www.all-about-lowering-cholesterol.com/peanuts-and-cholesterol.html", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/274371-is-peanut-butter-high-in-cholesterol/", "http://www.livestrong.com/article/378181-is-peanut-butter-a-good-fat-or-bad-fat/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Do_peanut_butter_contain_cholesterol" ] }

[ "Peanut butter is an excellent source of nutrition. Required to contain at least 90 percent peanuts, it includes more than 30 vitamins and minerals. Peanut butter contains no cholesterol or trans fats, according to the National Peanut Board. In fact, studies show that peanut butter may even improve your levels of good cholesterol." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "When turning right, approach the roundabout in any lane marked for turning right (usually the right-hand lane), indicating right. As you pass the exit before the one you want to take, signal left. If there are two lanes on your exit road then you will exit onto the right-hand lane. The left-hand lane traffic can also turn right. Any vehicle wanting to turn into the road at X would use the left hand lane. If there are no lanes marked on a one-way street and you want to turn right, make the right turn from the right-hand side of the road, as shown in diagram R below.", "You may think you can turn right from any lane on a roundabout. But that's not the rule. On a multi-lane roundabout, you should turn right from the right lane. You can only turn right from the left hand lane of a roundabout if the road markings indicate that you can do so. So, if the arrows on the road don't indicate otherwise, turning right from the left hand lane is illegal. When to turn off a multi-lane roundabout. You can position your car to be in the correct lane at a roundabout by looking for signs, lane markings and arrows when approaching the roundabout. Unless traffic lane arrows indicate otherwise, if you want to: 1 turn left, use the left lane. 2 turn right, use the right lane. 3 go straight ahead, use either lane", "On approach you must be in the right lane unless otherwise marked on the road, and indicate a right turn. You must give way to traffic already on the roundabout if there is any risk of a collision. Enter the roundabout when there is a safe gap in the traffic. Stay in the right lane. You must indicate a left turn just before your exit unless it is not practical to do so. Indicating When approaching a roundabout, if you are turning left or right, you must indicate left or right. When exiting a roundabout, whether you are turning left, right or even going straight ahead, you must always indicate a left turn just before you exit,", "1 if safe, enter the right lane of the roundabout. 2 keep in the right lane around the roundabout. 3 when passing the road before your exit road, give a change of direction signal to the left. 4 leave by the right lane of your exit road and. 5 cancel the left signal. 1 give a change of direction signal early to go right. 2 if safe, enter the right lane of the roundabout. 3 keep in the right lane around the roundabout. 4", "On approach you must be in the left lane unless otherwise marked on the road, and indicate a left turn. You must give way to traffic already on the roundabout if there is any risk of a collision. Enter the roundabout when there is a safe gap in the traffic. Stay in the right lane. You must indicate a left turn just before your exit unless it is not practical to do so. Indicating When approaching a roundabout, if you are turning left or right, you must indicate left or right. When exiting a roundabout, whether you are turning left, right or even going straight ahead, you must always indicate a left turn just before you exit,", "If you are following the road ahead on a main route (eg dual carriageway) you can often go ahead in either lane. If you approach on the left then you should stay to the left in new road, if you take the right hand lane on approach stay on the inside of the roundabout and exit in the right hand lane in new road. Looking for Lane Markings. If the lane markings show that you can use either lane following the road ahead: If you approach on the left then you should stay to the left in new road, if you take the right hand lane on approach stay on the inside of the roundabout and exit in the right hand lane in new road.", "Turning right (Exit 3 on diagram). Signal right on approach and use the right hand lane and stay on the inside of the roundabout until you pass the last exit that is just before your turn (Exit 2 on diagram). Check mirrors and signal left to confirm your intentions to exit the roundabout. Looking for Lane Markings. If the lane markings show that you can use either lane following the road ahead: If you approach on the left then you should stay to the left in new road, if you take the right hand lane on approach stay on the inside of the roundabout and exit in the right hand lane in new road." ], "url": [ "http://www.driverknowledgetests.com/resources/intersection-rules/", "http://tmr.qld.gov.au/Safety/Queensland-Road-Rules/Road-rules-refresher/Roundabouts.aspx", "https://au.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080805013209AAtOPgR", "http://mylicence.sa.gov.au/road-rules/the-drivers-handbook/roundabout", "https://au.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080805013209AAtOPgR", "http://learners-guide.co.uk/lessons/roundabouts/", "http://learners-guide.co.uk/lessons/roundabouts/" ] }

[ "You may think you can turn right from any lane on a roundabout. But that's not the rule. On a multi-lane roundabout, you should turn right from the right lane. You can only turn right from the left hand lane of a roundabout if the road markings indicate that you can do so. So, if the arrows on the road don't indicate otherwise, turning right from the left hand lane is illegal. When to turn off a multi-lane roundabout. You can position your car to be in the correct lane at a roundabout by looking for signs, lane markings and arrows when approaching the roundabout. Unless traffic lane arrows indicate otherwise, if you want to: 1 turn left, use the left lane. 2 turn right, use the right lane. 3 go straight ahead, use either lane" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "©Constant Contact, Inc. All rights reserved. Sample Survey Questions, Answers and Tips | Page 4 About these Sample Questions These sample questions are provided to help you determine what you should ask in a survey as well as what ques-tion type. The following are some sample questions for inspiration.", "The nominal level of measurement is the lowest of the four ways to characterize data. Nominal means in name only and that should help to remember what this level is all about. Nominal data deals with names, categories, or labels. Data at the nominal level is qualitative. Colors of eyes, yes or no responses to a survey, and favorite breakfast cereal all deal with the nominal level of measurement.", "Special maps called choropleth maps use map color to represent statistical data. The color schemes used by choropleth maps is different from general maps in that the color represents data for a given area.", "Adjust color using Levels. In the Adjustments panel, click the Levels icon or choose Levels from the panel menu. In the Properties panel, do one of the following to neutralize a color cast: 1 Click the eyedropper tool to set the gray point. 2 Then click in a part of the image that is neutral gray.", "A skiing ability level is a short way of classifying skiers based on what they ski, their skiing ability, and how well they ski beginner, intermediate, or advanced trails. Knowing what skiing ability level you are is often necessary when purchasing a lesson." ], "url": [ "http://www.constantcontact.com/aka/docs/pdf/survey_sample_qa_tips.pdf", "http://statistics.about.com/od/HelpandTutorials/a/Levels-Of-Measurement.htm", "http://geography.about.com/od/understandmaps/a/mapcolors.htm", "https://helpx.adobe.com/photoshop/using/levels-adjustment.html", "http://skiing.about.com/od/downhillskiing/a/abilitylevels.htm" ] }

[ "Special maps called choropleth maps use map color to represent statistical data. The color schemes used by choropleth maps is different from general maps in that the color represents data for a given area." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Involuntary muscles are muscles that are not controllable consciously, and instead contract due to unconscious impulses sent by the autonomic nervous system or certain specialized cells or hormones. Both smooth muscle and cardiac muscle can be classified as involuntary muscles. A beating heart is one of the best examples of an involuntary muscle. Contractions of cardiac muscles push blood through the four chambers of the human heart. The process of peristalsis, which pushes food through the esophagus and small intestine, is controlled by", "Muscles are are classified both functionally as either voluntary or involuntary and structurally as either striated or smooth. From this, there emerges three types of muscle s: smooth involuntary (smooth) muscle, striated voluntary (skeletal) muscle and striated involuntary (cardiac) muscle. ", "Best Answer: voluntary muscles allow you to move them in voluntary muscles you have no control of voluntary muscle is muscle that we have control of.. skeletal muscles are voluntary muscle.. they are the reason you can flex your bicep, tricep, or any other movement.. involuntary muscle is muscle that we have no control of.. cardiac and smooth muscle are involuntary muscles.. the muscle of the heart is involuntary.. you dont have to make your heart beat.. it beats by itself..The voluntary muscles also called as skeletal muscles or striated muscles (presence of striation due to regular black and white bands). These muscles are attached to the skeleton by the tendon and are contractile by our will (controlled by the cerebellum) but sometimes they can be contractile through reflexes. ", "However, cardiac muscle shares features of both smooth and skeletal muscle tissue. It is striated like skeletal muscle tissue, but its contractions are involuntary, like those of smooth muscle tissue. Cardiac muscle is unique in that is particularly invulnerable to fatigue. A beating heart is one of the best examples of an involuntary muscle. Contractions of cardiac muscles push blood through the four chambers of the human heart. The process of peristalsis, which pushes food through the esophagus and small intestine, is controlled by involuntary muscles.", "Visceral muscle tissue, or smooth muscle, is tissue associated with the internal organs of the body, especially those in the abdominal cavity. There are three types of muscle in the body: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac. As with any muscle, the smooth, involuntary muscles of the visceral muscle tissue (which lines the blood vessels, stomach, digestive tract, and other internal organs) are composed of bundles of specialized cells capable of contraction and relaxation to create movement. If one... Click to read more below.", "a voluntary muscle is a muscle that move when you tell it to Muscles in our hands (skeletal muscle) are called voluntary, because these muscles act according to the impulses (… orders) given by our conscious brain. Heart (cardiac muscle) is an example of an involuntary muscle. It works all the time with impulses from our brain stem, which is involuntary. Some more examples of voluntary muscles in our body are muscles of the chest, neck, abdomen, and legs. Involuntary muscles include the muscles of the digestive system. --- Skeletal muscles, like biceps (the muscles that flex your forearm/wrist toward your shoulder) are voluntary muscles. These muscles will not flex unless you think about flexing them, and your brain sends that signal to your arm.", "Contractions of cardiac muscles move blood throughout the veins and arteries of the circulatory system. Involuntary muscles in the eye's iris to expand and contract in response to light. A beating heart is one of the best examples of an involuntary muscle. Contractions of cardiac muscles push blood through the four chambers of the human heart. The process of peristalsis, which pushes food through the esophagus and small intestine, is controlled by involuntary muscles.", "Muscle tissue is a soft tissue that composes muscles in animal bodies, and gives rise to muscles' ability to contract. This is opposed to other components or tissues in muscle such as tendons or perimysium. It is formed during embryonic development through a process known as myogenesis. Muscle tissue varies with function and location in the body. In mammals the three types are: skeletal or striated muscle; smooth or non-striated muscle; and cardiac muscle, which is sometimes known as semi-striated", "Report Abuse. voluntary muscle is muscle that we have control of.. skeletal muscles are voluntary muscle.. they are the reason you can flex your bicep, tricep, or any other movement.. involuntary muscle is muscle that we have no control of.. cardiac and smooth muscle are involuntary muscles.. the muscle of the heart is involuntary.. you dont have to make your heart beat.. it beats by itself..The voluntary muscles also called as skeletal muscles or striated muscles (presence of striation due to regular black and white bands). These muscles are attached to the skeleton by the tendon and are contractile by our will (controlled by the cerebellum) but sometimes they can be contractile through reflexes. " ], "url": [ "http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/what-are-involuntary-muscles.htm", "http://www.examples10.com/e/muscle-tissue/", "https://au.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081024205437AAZTFf5", "http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/what-are-involuntary-muscles.htm", "http://www.innerbody.com/image_musc01/musc02.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_some_examples_of_involuntary_muscles", "http://www.wisegeekhealth.com/what-are-involuntary-muscles.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_tissue", "https://au.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20081024205437AAZTFf5" ] }

[ "Contractions of cardiac muscles move blood throughout the veins and arteries of the circulatory system. Involuntary muscles in the eye's iris to expand and contract in response to light. A beating heart is one of the best examples of an involuntary muscle. Contractions of cardiac muscles push blood through the four chambers of the human heart. The process of peristalsis, which pushes food through the esophagus and small intestine, is controlled by involuntary muscles." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Just mix equal parts of glue and water and then add an equal part of liquid starch. Just like that you have gooey slime. The more you play with it the more fun it becomes. This acclivity causes the polymer chains in the glue to cross link with chemicals in the starch. The result is an awesome stretchy slime. ", "It was in the year 1976 when this company introduced the “slime” toy which was originally put in a trash can. Its content was a sticky, viscous green substance which is made from guar gum. Mattel’s original version of slime was green, making this color synonymous with the term “slime”. Green slime is also even made more famous because it is frequently used in a TV channel called “Nickelodeon”. This is a type of board game that involves a plastic monster that has a slimy mouth. The object of the game is to avoid being “slimed” by this plastic monster. Other toymakers also joined the slime craze and made their own versions of this popular sticky toy.", "Slime is a substance that is slippery and sticky and commonly used as a toy. This substance can be made at home or may be bought from toy stores. This is a type of board game that involves a plastic monster that has a slimy mouth. The object of the game is to avoid being “slimed” by this plastic monster. Other toymakers also joined the slime craze and made their own versions of this popular sticky toy.", "Background. Slime is a unique play material composed of a cross-linked polymer. It is classified as a liquid and is typically made by combining polyvinyl alcohol solutions with borate ions in a large mixing container. It often has an unpleasant odor, a green color, and is cold and slimy to the touch. In scientific terms, slime is classified as a non-Newtonian fluid. These are thick liquids that have a variable viscosity. Viscosity is a measurement of the resistance to flow when a shearing force is applied.", "Look up slime, slimey, or slimy in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. 1 Slime (band) , a German punk rock band, founded in 1979 and disbanded in 1994. 2 Slime (toy) , a viscous, oozing green material made primarily from guar gum and sold in a plastic trash can.", "Contestants on Figure it Out getting slimed. Slime is a (usually) green semi-viscous substance that has been synonymous with Nickelodeon since its introduction on You Can't Do That On Television. It is typically dumped on a person's head in an act of either humiliation or celebration, in an act called being slimed. ", "Slime mold or slime mould is an informal name given to several kinds of unrelated eukaryotic organisms that can live freely as single cells, but aggregate together to form multicellular reproductive structures. Slime molds were formerly classified as fungi but are no longer considered part of that kingdom. Many slime molds, namely the cellular slime molds, actually do not spend most of their time in this state. As long as food is abundant, these slime molds exist as single-celled organisms. When food is in short supply, many of these single-celled organisms will congregate and start moving as a single body.", "Molasses is thick and has a high viscosity. Non-Newtonian fluids, like slime, have a different viscosity based on the amount of force put on them. If a small amount of force is applied, such as stirring them slowly with your fingers, they feel thin and water-like. If a high force is applied, like throwing it against a wall, the resistance is very strong. It often has an unpleasant odor, a green color, and is cold and slimy to the touch. In scientific terms, slime is classified as a non-Newtonian fluid. These are thick liquids that have a variable viscosity. Viscosity is a measurement of the resistance to flow when a shearing force is applied.", "The popularity of this green and sticky substance also led to the release of many “slime-inspired” games like the board game called “Slime Monster”. This is a type of board game that involves a plastic monster that has a slimy mouth. The object of the game is to avoid being “slimed” by this plastic monster. Other toymakers also joined the slime craze and made their own versions of this popular sticky toy.", "slime. n. 1. A thick, sticky, slippery substance. 2. Biology A mucous substance secreted by certain animals, such as catfishes and slugs. slime. 1 asphalt-Its synonyms are mineral pitch, Jews' pitch, and slime. 2 ooze-As in mud or slime, it traces back to an Old Norse word meaning puddle, stagnant pool, and originally meant juice or sap from a plant or fruit." ], "url": [ "https://sciencebob.com/making-slime-method-1/", "http://www.qwhatis.com/what-is-slime/", "http://www.qwhatis.com/what-is-slime/", "http://www.madehow.com/Volume-6/Slime.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slime", "http://nickelodeon.wikia.com/wiki/Slime", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slime_mold", "http://www.madehow.com/Volume-6/Slime.html", "http://www.qwhatis.com/what-is-slime/", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/slime" ] }

[ "Slime is a substance that is slippery and sticky and commonly used as a toy. This substance can be made at home or may be bought from toy stores. This is a type of board game that involves a plastic monster that has a slimy mouth. The object of the game is to avoid being “slimed” by this plastic monster. Other toymakers also joined the slime craze and made their own versions of this popular sticky toy." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Hawker Siddeley Harrier GR.1/GR.3 and the AV-8A Harrier were the first generation of the Harrier series, the first operational close-support and reconnaissance attack aircraft with vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) capabilities. The Harrier Jump Jet, capable of taking off vertically, can only do so at less than its maximum loaded weight. In most cases, a short take off is performed, using forward speed to achieve aerodynamic lift, which uses fuel more economically than a vertical take off.", "The Hawker Siddeley Harrier is the first generation-version and is also known as the AV-8A Harrier. The Sea Harrier is a naval strike/air defence fighter. The AV-8B and BAE Harrier II are the US and British variants respectively of the second generation Harrier aircraft. The Harrier Jump Jet, capable of taking off vertically, can only do so at less than its maximum loaded weight. In most cases, a short take off is performed, using forward speed to achieve aerodynamic lift, which uses fuel more economically than a vertical take off.", "The Harrier is a medium-sized dog breed of the hound class, used for hunting hares by trailing them. It resembles an English Foxhound but is smaller, though not as small as a Beagle. The Harrier is cheerful, sweet-tempered, tolerant of people, and it is excellent with children. This pack dog is good with other dogs, but should be supervised with non-canine pets unless it is raised with them from puppyhood. It prefers life in a pack with people, dogs, or both.", "The British Aerospace Sea Harrier is a naval V/STOL jet fighter, reconnaissance and attack aircraft, a development of the Hawker Siddeley Harrier. The first version entered service with the Royal Navy 's Fleet Air Arm in April 1980 as the Sea Harrier FRS.1, and was informally known as the Shar. The Harrier Jump Jet, capable of taking off vertically, can only do so at less than its maximum loaded weight. In most cases, a short take off is performed, using forward speed to achieve aerodynamic lift, which uses fuel more economically than a vertical take off.", "Appearance [edit]. The Harrier is similar to the English Foxhound, but smaller. Harriers stand between 21 and 24 inches at the shoulder, and adults weigh between 45 and 65 lbs. They do shed, have short hair and hanging ears, and come in a variety of color patterns.A humorous, yet fairly accurate shorthand description of a Harrier is that of a Beagle on steroids .. The Harrier is cheerful, sweet-tempered, tolerant of people, and it is excellent with children. This pack dog is good with other dogs, but should be supervised with non-canine pets unless it is raised with them from puppyhood. It prefers life in a pack with people, dogs, or both.", "• HARRIER (noun). The noun HARRIER has 3 senses: 1. a persistent attacker. 2. a hound that resembles a foxhound but is smaller; used to hunt rabbits. 3. hawks that hunt over meadows and marshes and prey on small terrestrial animals. Familiarity information: HARRIER used as a noun is uncommon. Dictionary entry details.", "Photo courtesy of Kingsbury Harriers. Find a Harrier Breeder Place an Ad Rescue a Harrier List Your Rescue Pronunciation-Description The Harrier is similar to the English Foxhound, but smaller. The head is in proportion to the rest of the dog, with a bold forehead and a moderate stop. The muzzle is about the same length as the skull. The black nose is wide with open nostrils. Description.", "The harrier is a smaller version of the English foxhound, more suited for hunting hares. It has large bone for its size, and is slightly longer than tall. It is a scenting pack hound and should be capable of running with other dogs, scenting its quarry and hunting tirelessly over any terrain for long periods. ", "The Harrier, informally referred to as the Harrier Jump Jet, is a family of military jet aircraft capable of vertical/short takeoff and landing (V/STOL) operations. The Harrier Jump Jet, capable of taking off vertically, can only do so at less than its maximum loaded weight. In most cases, a short take off is performed, using forward speed to achieve aerodynamic lift, which uses fuel more economically than a vertical take off.", "Definition of HARRIER. 1. : any of a breed of hunting dogs resembling a small English foxhound and originally bred for hunting rabbits. 2. : a runner on a cross-country team. ADVERTISEMENT." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrier_Jump_Jet", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrier_Jump_Jet", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrier_%28dog%29", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrier_Jump_Jet", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrier_%28dog%29", "http://www.audioenglish.org/dictionary/harrier.htm", "http://www.dogbreedinfo.com/harrier.htm", "http://www.animalplanet.com/breed-selector/dog-breeds/hound/harrier.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harrier_Jump_Jet", "http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/harrier" ] }

[ "The harrier is a smaller version of the English foxhound, more suited for hunting hares. It has large bone for its size, and is slightly longer than tall. It is a scenting pack hound and should be capable of running with other dogs, scenting its quarry and hunting tirelessly over any terrain for long periods. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "And improve it did: 1 In 1998, the fastest quick-service drive thru, Long John Silver’s, averaged a time of 159.1 seconds, and Whataburger topped the accuracy rankings with 86.7 percent of its orders served correctly.", "It depends on what part of Arizona you will be departing from and where your arrival will be in Maryland. The estimated distance is 2,351.56 miles. The amount of time it … will take to drive that distance will be approximately 35 hours and 19 minutes.", "And it's why the number of drive-thru windows at fast-food stands has doubled in five years. (The industry cooks better than it spells: It's drive-through in English class, but it's drive-thru at every major chain.). In 1975, McDonald's didn't have a single drive-thru. Today, more than 90% of its 13,000 U.S. restaurants do. Industrywide, 80% of fast food's growth over the past five years has been at the drive-thru. Most drive-thru customers are just stopping to fill their guts, says Bob Sandelman, a fast-food consultant. The industry's bread and butter folks who buy fast food 25 to 30 times monthly are the biggest drive-thru fans, he says.", "While the data changes a bit from year to year, the 2012 drive-thru study indicated that the average wait time for a Wendy’s order was just 130 seconds, the quickest in the field and more than one minute faster than Burger King. Meanwhile, Chick-fil-A was tops in terms of accuracy, getting 92% of orders correct.", "Last year’s study indicated that the average drive-thru wait time hit 181 seconds, up from 173 seconds the year before. According to the new study—an expanded version that incorporated 23 quick-serve restaurant brands, up from just seven in 2013—the average wait time reached a record high of 203 seconds.", "It’s true, too, with drive-thru service; some brands perform better than the rest. And this year the QSR Drive-Thru Performance Study focuses on seven brands as a benchmark group that have consistently, year after year, risen to the top of the heap in drive-thru performance." ], "url": [ "https://www.qsrmagazine.com/reports/qsr-drive-thru-performance-study", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_it_take_to_drive_through_maryland", "http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/money/covers/2002-04-03-drive-thru.htm", "http://time.com/money/3478752/drive-thru-fast-food-fast-casual/", "http://time.com/money/3478752/drive-thru-fast-food-fast-casual/", "https://www.qsrmagazine.com/reports/qsr-drive-thru-performance-study" ] }

[ "Last year’s study indicated that the average drive-thru wait time hit 181 seconds, up from 173 seconds the year before. According to the new study—an expanded version that incorporated 23 quick-serve restaurant brands, up from just seven in 2013—the average wait time reached a record high of 203 seconds." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Abstract. PlasmaLyte is a family of balanced crystalloid solutions with multiple different formulations available worldwide according to regional clinical practices and preferences. It closely mimics human plasma in its content of electrolytes, osmolality, and pH. ", "The pH is adjusted with sodium hydroxide. The pH is 7.4 (6.5 to 8.0). PLASMA-LYTE A Injection pH 7.4 (Multiple Electrolytes Injection, Type 1, USP) administered intravenously has value as a sousrce of water, electrolytes, and calories. Each 100 mL contains 526 mg of Sodium Chloride, USP (NaCl); 502 mg of Sodium Gluconate (C 6 H 11 NaO 7); 368 mg of Sodium Acetate Trihydrate, USP (C 2 H 3 NaO 2 •3H 2 O); 37 mg of Potassium Chloride, USP (KCl); and 30 mg of Magnesium Chloride, USP (MgCl 2 •6H 2 O). It contains no antimicrobial agents.", "About Us. Plasmalyte is a master distributor of plasma lighting products and offers our clients energy efficient lighting systems including grow lighting for greenhouses and other applications. Plasmalyte has been working with plasma technology for over five years. We have reviewed the products of many vendors and are familiar with all the current plasma manufacturers. Plasmalyte offers the best of the best, technology based on a Light Emitting Plasma (LEP).", "PLASMALYTE 148 IN 5% GLUCOSE New Zealand Data Sheet PLASMALYTE 148 IN 5% GLUCOSE Data Sheet 28 July 2015 Page 11 of 11 Baxter PRESENTATION AND STORAGE CONDITIONS Plasmalyte 148 in 5% Glucose infusion solution in Viaflex plastic containers is available as shown below. Use in lactation There are no adequate data from the use of Plasmalyte 148 in 5% Glucose infusion solution in lactating women. The potential risks and benefits for each specific patient should be carefully considered before using", "Indications Plasma-Lyte 148 Replacement IV Infusion is indicated as a source of water and electrolytes or as an alkalinising agent. Contraindications  Plasma-Lyte 148 Replacement IV infusion is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to the product. Precautions Plasma-Lyte 148 Replacement IV Infusion is not indicated for  the treatment of hypochloremic hypokalaemic alkalosis and should be used with caution, in patients with hypochloremic hypokalaemic alkalosis.  the primary treatment of severe metabolic acidosis.  hypomagnesaemia", "NAME AND ADDRESS Plasmalyte 148 in 5% Glucose is distributed in New Zealand by: Baxter Healthcare Ltd 33 Vestey Drive Mt Wellington Auckland 1060 Plasmalyte 148 in 5% Glucose is distributed in Australia by: Baxter Healthcare Pty Ltd 1 Baxter Drive Old Toongabbie, NSW 2146. Use in lactation There are no adequate data from the use of Plasmalyte 148 in 5% Glucose infusion solution in lactating women. The potential risks and benefits for each specific patient should be carefully considered before using", "Although Plasma-Lyte 148 Replacement IV Infusion has a potassium concentration similar to the concentration in plasma, it is insufficient to produce a useful effect in case of severe potassium deficiency; therefore, it should not be used for correction of severe potassium deficiency. Precautions Plasma-Lyte 148 Replacement IV Infusion is not indicated for  the treatment of hypochloremic hypokalaemic alkalosis and should be used with caution, in patients with hypochloremic hypokalaemic alkalosis.  the primary treatment of severe metabolic acidosis.  hypomagnesaemia", " Hypomagnesaemia. Although Plasmalyte 148 in 5% Glucose infusion solution has a potassium concentration similar to the concentration in plasma, it is insufficient to produce a useful effect in case of severe potassium deficiency; therefore, it should not be used for correction of severe potassium deficiency. Use in lactation There are no adequate data from the use of Plasmalyte 148 in 5% Glucose infusion solution in lactating women. The potential risks and benefits for each specific patient should be carefully considered before using", "PlasmaLyte is a family of balanced crystalloid solutions with multiple different formulations available worldwide according to regional clinical practices and preferences. It closely mimics human plasma in its content of electrolytes, osmolality, and pH. It shares the same problems as most other crystalloid fluids (fluid overload, edema with weight gain, lung edema, and worsening of the intracranial pressure). A unique concern is that most formulations contain magnesium, which may affect peripheral vascular resistance, heart rate, and worsen organ ischemia." ], "url": [ "http://journals.lww.com/jtrauma/Abstract/2011/05001/PlasmaLyte.6.aspx", "http://www.rxlist.com/plasma-lyte-a-drug.htm", "http://plasmalyte.com/about-us/", "http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/profs/Datasheet/p/plasmalyte148in5percentglucosesol.pdf", "http://www.baxterhealthcare.com.au/downloads/healthcare_professionals/cmi_pi/plasmalyte148_pi.pdf", "http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/profs/Datasheet/p/plasmalyte148in5percentglucosesol.pdf", "http://www.baxterhealthcare.com.au/downloads/healthcare_professionals/cmi_pi/plasmalyte148_pi.pdf", "http://www.medsafe.govt.nz/profs/Datasheet/p/plasmalyte148in5percentglucosesol.pdf", "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21841561" ] }

[ "PlasmaLyte is a family of balanced crystalloid solutions with multiple different formulations available worldwide according to regional clinical practices and preferences. It closely mimics human plasma in its content of electrolytes, osmolality, and pH. It shares the same problems as most other crystalloid fluids (fluid overload, edema with weight gain, lung edema, and worsening of the intracranial pressure). A unique concern is that most formulations contain magnesium, which may affect peripheral vascular resistance, heart rate, and worsen organ ischemia." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Select language: Goods Receipt Use With the goods receipt (GR) you post the physical inward movement of goods from an external vendor or from production and then complete a goods movement, which leads to an increase in the warehouse stock.", "You have the following possibilities for goods receipt posting: Goods Receipt Handling With Reference to Inbound Delivery. If you use the decentralized Warehouse Management system or Handling Unit Management, the data necessary for creating the transfer orders is transferred from the inbound delivery.", "A goods receipt in the Warehouse Management system (WMS) is the physical inbound movement of goods or materials into the warehouse. It is a goods movement that is used to post goods received from external vendors or from in-plant production.", "Goods Receipts can be issued and booked in the header section of the goods receipt window. The fields to fill in the Goods Receipt header are: 1 Document Type, which is filled in by default as MM Receipt. 2 Warehouse, where goods are going to be located. 3 Business Partner, third party which delivers the goods.", "A goods receipt is the physical inbound movement of goods or materials into the warehouse. It is a goods movement that is used to post goods received from external vendors or from in-plant production. Goods receipts will result in an increase of stock in the warehouse. For detailed information, check on to the foll.", "A Goods Receipt is a document issued to acknowledge the receipt of the items listed in it. In other words, it is a document used to register in Openbravo the specifics of items physically received in the warehouse.", "Purpose. A goods receipt in the Warehouse Management system (WMS) is the physical inbound movement of goods or materials into the warehouse. It is a goods movement that is used to post goods received from external vendors or from in-plant production. All goods receipts result in an increase of stock in" ], "url": [ "http://help.sap.com/saphelp_afs63/helpdata/en/7d/e3c73ed4d011d3bc0d00a0c92f0691/content.htm", "http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp60_sp/helpdata/en/c6/f83f084afa11d182b90000e829fbfe/content.htm", "http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp60_sp/helpdata/en/c6/f83f084afa11d182b90000e829fbfe/content.htm", "http://wiki.openbravo.com/wiki/Goods_Receipt", "http://scn.sap.com/thread/589053", "http://wiki.openbravo.com/wiki/Goods_Receipt", "http://help.sap.com/saphelp_erp60_sp/helpdata/en/c6/f83f084afa11d182b90000e829fbfe/content.htm" ] }

[ "A Goods Receipt is a document issued to acknowledge the receipt of the items listed in it. In other words, it is a document used to register in Openbravo the specifics of items physically received in the warehouse." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The hindbrain is made of the cerebellum, pons and medulla. Often the midbrain, pons, and medulla are referred to together as the brainstem. The Cerebrum: The cerebrum or cortex is the largest part of the human brain, associated with higher brain function such as thought and action. The cerebral cortex is divided into four sections, called lobes: the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe. The Cerebellum: The cerebellum, or little brain, is similar to the cerebrum in that it has two hemispheres and has a highly folded surface or cortex. This structure is associated with regulation and coordination of movement, posture, and balance.", "A major issue of the topic of higher cortical function is the degree to which mental and cognitive functions are located in specific brain regions. Wernicke proposed that language involves separate motor and sensory programs located in different cortical regions. The motor program, located in Broca’s area was suitably situated in front of the motor area that controls the mouth, tongue, and vocal cords.", "Brodmann Areas. Over a lifetime, the various parts of the brain that control the body's movements can suffer damage from various causes, such as head injuries, strokes, and degenerative brain diseases. One typical example is what happens when one side of the motor cortex is completely destroyed by a stroke. The basic function of the brain is to produce behaviours, which are, first and foremost, movements. Several different regions of the cerebral cortex are involved in controlling the body's movements. These regions are organized into a hierarchy like the crew of a ship.", "Cerebral Cortex: The cerebral cortex covers the outer portion (1.5mm to 5mm) of the cerebrum. It is the layer of the brain often referred to as gray matter. The cortex (thin layer of tissue) is gray because nerves in this area lack the insulation that makes most other parts of the brain appear to be white. Most information processing occurs in the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex is divided into lobes that each have a specific function. Function: The cerebral cortex is involved in several functions of the body including: 1 Determining Intelligence. 2 Determining Personality. 3 Motor Function. 4 Planning and Organization.", "In the human brain more than two-thirds of the cerebral cortex is buried in the sulci. The cerebral cortex is gray matter, consisting mainly of cell bodies (with astrocytes being the most abundant cell type in the cortex as well as the human brain as a whole) and capillaries. It contrasts with the underlying white matter, consisting mainly of the white myelinated sheaths of neuronal axons. The cerebral cortex plays a key role in memory, attention, perception, awareness, thought, language, and consciousness. The human cerebral cortex is 2 to 4 millimetres (0.079 to 0.157 in) thick. In large mammals, the cerebral cortex is folded, giving a much greater surface area in the confined volume of the skull.", "Coating the surface of the cerebrum and the cerebellum is a vital layer of tissue the thickness of a stack of two or three dimes. It is called the cortex, from the Latin word for bark. Most of the actual information processing in the brain takes place in the cerebral cortex. When people talk about gray matter in the brain they are talking about this thin rind. The cortex is gray because nerves in this area lack the insulation that makes most other parts of the brain appear to be white. The folds in the brain add to its surface area and therefore increase the amount of gray matter and the quantity of information that can be processed.", "The cerebral cortex is the cerebrum 's (brain) outer layer of neural tissue in humans and other mammals. It is divided into two cortices, along the sagittal plane: the left and right cerebral hemispheres divided by the medial longitudinal fissure. The cerebral cortex plays a key role in memory, attention, perception, awareness, thought, language, and consciousness. The human cerebral cortex is 2 to 4 millimetres (0.079 to 0.157 in) thick. In large mammals, the cerebral cortex is folded, giving a much greater surface area in the confined volume of the skull.", "The cerebral cortex is responsible for many higher-order functions like language and information processing. Language centers are usually found only in the left cerebral hemisphere. For more information on language and differences between the right and left cerebral hemisphere, read about split brain experiments. ", "Posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) refers to gradual and progressive degeneration of the outer layer of the brain (the cortex) in the part of the brain located in the back of the head (posterior). It is not known whether PCA is a unique disease or a possible variant form of Alzheimer’s disease. " ], "url": [ "http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/kinser/Structure1.html", "http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s4/chapter08.html", "http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/d/d_06/d_06_cr/d_06_cr_mou/d_06_cr_mou.html", "http://biology.about.com/od/anatomy/p/cerebral-cortex.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_cortex", "http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/brain_basics/know_your_brain.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cerebral_cortex", "http://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/functional.html", "http://www.alz.org/dementia/posterior-cortical-atrophy.asp" ] }

[ "Cerebral Cortex: The cerebral cortex covers the outer portion (1.5mm to 5mm) of the cerebrum. It is the layer of the brain often referred to as gray matter. The cortex (thin layer of tissue) is gray because nerves in this area lack the insulation that makes most other parts of the brain appear to be white. Most information processing occurs in the cerebral cortex. The cerebral cortex is divided into lobes that each have a specific function. Function: The cerebral cortex is involved in several functions of the body including: 1 Determining Intelligence. 2 Determining Personality. 3 Motor Function. 4 Planning and Organization." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Heat can be transferred from place to place by conduction [conduction: The transfer of heat energy through a material-without the material itself moving. ] , convection [convection: The transfer of heat energy through a moving liquid or gas. Heat energy can move through a substance by conduction. Metals are good conductors of heat, but non-metals and gases are usually poor conductors of heat. Poor conductors of heat are called insulators. Heat energy is conducted from the hot end of an object to the cold end.", "Conduction occurs when energy is transferred through an object due to the movement of particle due to contact. The energy that is transferred is in the form of heat or electricity, so the two types of conduction that we discussed are conduction of heat and conduction of electricity. Conduction is the transfer of energy in the form of heat or electricity from one atom to another within an object by direct contact. Conduction occurs in solids, liquids, and gases.", "Best Answer: Convection is the transfer of heat by the actual movement of the warmed matter. Heat leaves the coffee cup as the currents of steam and air rise. Convection is the transfer of heat energy in a gas or liquid by movement of currents. (It can also happen is some solids, like sand.) The heat moves with the fluid. Consider this: convection is responsible for making macaroni rise and fall in a pot of heated water.", "Thermal conduction is the transfer of internal energy by microscopic diffusion and collisions of particles or quasi-particles within a body or between contiguous bodies. The microscopically diffusing and colliding objects include molecules, atoms, electrons, and phonons. In conduction, the heat flow is within and through the body itself. In contrast, in heat transfer by thermal radiation, the transfer is often between bodies, which may be separated spatially.", "Heat can only be transferred through three means: conduction, convection and radiation. Of these, conduction is perhaps the most common, and occurs regularly in nature. In short, it is the transfer of heat through physical contact. It occurs when you press your hand onto a window pane, when you place a pot of water on an active element, and when you place an iron in the fire.", "Conduction is the transfer of energy through matter from particle to particle. It is the transfer and distribution of heat energy from atom to atom within a substance Convection is the transfer of heat by the actual movement of the warmed matter. Convection is the transfer of heat energy in a gas or liquid by movement of currents. (It can also happen is some solids, like sand.) The heat moves with the fluid. Consider this: convection is responsible for making macaroni rise and fall in a pot of heated water.", "Conduction is when heat is transferred through a material by passing thermal energy from molecule to molecule (from collisions). An example is when you heat up one end of a pa … n and the handle gets hot a little later. Convection is when, as they say, heat rises. Conduction:- Conduction is the transfer heat from a hotter to a colder body by vibrating. Convection:- Is the main heat transfer mechanism in fluids. … Radiation:- Radiation is the process of particles transferring heat through matter or space. Answered", "Heat is transferred in several different ways, either conduction, convection, and radiation. Regardless of the method of transfer, only heat can be transferred. Cold is simply the absence of heat and cannot be transferred by any method. Conduction is the transfer of heat from one molecule to another through a substance. Not all substances conduct heat at the same speed. Metals are considered good conductors since they can speedily transfer heat. Stone is also a moderately good conductor, but wood, paper, air, and cloth are poor heat conductors" ], "url": [ "http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/science/aqa_pre_2011/energy/heatrev1.shtml", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/what-is-conduction-in-science-definition-examples.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080513175908AA4wjt7", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_conduction", "http://www.universetoday.com/82331/what-is-conduction/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20080513175908AA4wjt7", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_conduction", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-conduction.htm" ] }

[ "Conduction is when heat is transferred through a material by passing thermal energy from molecule to molecule (from collisions). An example is when you heat up one end of a pa … n and the handle gets hot a little later. Convection is when, as they say, heat rises. Conduction:- Conduction is the transfer heat from a hotter to a colder body by vibrating. Convection:- Is the main heat transfer mechanism in fluids. … Radiation:- Radiation is the process of particles transferring heat through matter or space. Answered" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Note that in Spanish, the word tilde can be used to refer to accent marks on vowels as well as the mark of the n. ñ: Examples Many spanish words such as arbol árbol use accents to put the stress on the. Correct syllable accents are frequently used with some words such as que qué and cual cuál when they. are used in questions Note that in Spanish, the word tilde can be used to refer to accent marks on vowels as well as the mark of the n. ñ: Examples Many spanish words such as arbol árbol use accents to put the stress on the. correct syllable", "A diacritic /daɪ.əˈkrɪtɪk/ – also diacritical mark, diacritical point, or diacritical sign – is a glyph added to a letter, or basic glyph. The term derives from the Greek διακριτικός (diakritikos, diakritikós), distinguishing which is composed of the Ancient greek (διά, dia) diá through (and κρίνω krinein, krínein or). krino kríno to separate ", "Tilde. Alternatively referred to as the squiggly or twiddle, the tilde is a character (~) on keyboards below the escape or ESC key and on the same key as the back quote that resembles a squiggly line. The graphic gives an representation of how the tilde may appear. What a tilde is used for on a computer. 1 In languages such as Spanish and Portuguese, the tilde is a diacritical mark that is placed over a letter such as 'n' ñ 'and' a ã to help emphasize. 2 The letter shorten long file Names In microsoft windows. 95 above", "--Mariana--. I´ve always thought that an accent was a mark used to indicate an accent, stress, etc., For example, that used in the word informacion. Información and a tilde was the mark one places over words such as manana mañana. for pronunciation 1 The mark over the n ñ has no. 2 Name tilde is the accent,a,á,e,é. - 3 i_í O ó, u ú. 4 Ismarodri, uy Oct. 5 30, 2009 Flag...yes in spanish no in english the tilde. 6 Would only Refer to the n ñ tilde in. - 7 english Is used, in mathematics. 8 And logic'0074b507 oct '30' 2009 flag i didn T. knew tilde was a word", "Examples of English words using diacritical marks are facade (façade which uses a), cedilla (resume résumé two), accent (marks) naive naïve (umlaut). And pinata piñata tilde spanish uses three: 1 Types of diacritical marks the tilde is used to. distinguish n from n ñ Note that in Spanish, the word tilde can be used to refer to accent marks on vowels as well as the mark of the n. ñ: Examples Many spanish words such as arbol árbol use accents to put the stress on the. correct syllable", "Spanish uses three types of diacritical marks: 1 The tilde is used to distinguish n from n. 2 ñ in a technical, sense this might not be considered a diacritical, mark since n and n ñ are separate letters of. the alphabet Note that in Spanish, the word tilde can be used to refer to accent marks on vowels as well as the mark of the n. ñ: Examples Many spanish words such as arbol árbol use accents to put the stress on the. correct syllable", "What a tilde is used for on a computer. 1 In languages such as Spanish and Portuguese, the tilde is a diacritical mark that is placed over a letter such as 'n' ñ 'and' a ã to help emphasize. the letter What a tilde is used for on a computer. 1 In languages such as Spanish and Portuguese, the tilde is a diacritical mark that is placed over a letter such as 'n' ñ 'and' a ã to help emphasize. 2 The letter shorten long file Names In microsoft windows. 95 above", "The tilde (/ˈtɪldə/ ; ˜ or ~) is a grapheme with several uses. The name of the character came into English from Spanish, which in turn came from the Latin titulus, meaning title or superscription. The tilde has since been applied to a number of other uses as a diacritic mark or a character in its own right. These are encoded in Unicode at U+0303 ◌̃ combining tilde and U+007E ~ tilde (as a spacing character), and there are additional similar characters for different roles." ], "url": [ "http://spanish.about.com/cs/writing/g/diacriticalgl.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diacritic", "http://www.computerhope.com/jargon/t/tilde.htm", "http://www.spanishdict.com/answers/111337/the-meaning-of-accent-and-tilde", "http://spanish.about.com/cs/writing/g/diacriticalgl.htm", "http://spanish.about.com/cs/writing/g/diacriticalgl.htm", "http://www.computerhope.com/jargon/t/tilde.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilde" ] }

[ "A diacritic /daɪ.əˈkrɪtɪk/ – also diacritical mark, diacritical point, or diacritical sign – is a glyph added to a letter, or basic glyph. The term derives from the Greek διακριτικός (diakritikos, diakritikós), distinguishing which is composed of the Ancient greek (διά, dia) diá through (and κρίνω krinein, krínein or). krino kríno to separate " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Assault on a Police Officer. Assault on a police officer, or APO, is a criminal offense that can be charged as either a misdemeanor or felony, depending on the severity of the offense. DC assault on a police officer charges are prosecuted aggressively in the District of Columbia. As a felony, assault on a police officer is punishable by a maximum sentence of 10 years in jail and fines of up to $25,000.", "An assault using ANY other kind of weapon (including kicking with your feet) is an Assault With A Weapon or Assault with a Deadly Weapon or Assault and Battery, is a felony because of the severe bodily harm that can from from it (this includes the area of trained martial artists and boxers). Aggravated assault is a felony in most, if not all states. Usually this crime is committed when a person threatens another with a weapon or an advantage of size or strength (i … n the latter case, for example, if the victim is a petite woman and the perp is a burly man). 31 people found this useful.", "Assault is a misdemeanor punishable by one year imprisonment; assault with intent to have carnal knowledge of him or her or who indecently assaults another, or who commits other more-serious variants of assault (as defined in the Act) are guilty of a felony, and longer prison terms are provided for. It is both a crime and a tort and, therefore, may result in either criminal and/or civil liability. Generally, the common law definition is the same in criminal and tort law. There is, however, an additional criminal law category of assault consisting of an attempted but unsuccessful battery.", "Assault in the first degree. (1) A person is guilty of assault in the first degree if he or she, with intent to inflict great bodily harm: (a) Assaults another with a firearm or any deadly weapon or by any force or means likely to produce great bodily harm or death; or. (b) Administers, exposes, or transmits to or causes to be taken by another, poison, the human immunodeficiency virus as defined in chapter 70.24 RCW, or any other destructive or noxious substance; or. (c) Assaults another and inflicts great bodily harm. (2) Assault in the first degree is a class A felony.", "An assault is carried out by a threat of bodily harm coupled with an apparent, present ability to cause the harm. It is both a crime and a tort and, therefore, may result in either criminal and/or civil liability. Generally, the common law definition is the same in criminal and tort law. There is, however, an additional criminal law category of assault consisting of an attempted but unsuccessful battery.", "(4) Burglary is a felony of the third degree, punishable as provided in s. 775.082, s. 775.083, or s. 775.084, if, in the course of committing the offense, the offender does not make an assault or battery and is not and does not become armed with a dangerous weapon or explosive, and the offender enters or remains in a: ", "Any assault committed while armed with a weapon can be considered a felony offense on the face of it. However a simple assault (committed by a physical touching (i.e.: h … ands or fist) is customarily classifed as a misdemeanor, UNLESS, it is a continuous event and escalates into a merciless beating.. Aggravated assault is a felony in most, if not all states. Usually this crime is committed when a person threatens another with a weapon or an advantage of size or strength (i … n the latter case, for example, if the victim is a petite woman and the perp is a burly man). 31 people found this useful.", "Aggravated Assault. Aggravated assault, a felony in Georgia, is an assault that is committed: 1 with the intent to rob, rape or murder. 2 with a deadly weapon or any object that can be or is used in a manner that results in serious bodily injury or strangulation, or. 3 by discharging a firearm from a vehicle. Aggravated battery is a felony in Georgia, and occurs if the offender intentionally inflicts a serious injury to the victim, such as loss of a limb, loss of use of a limb, or serious disfigurement." ], "url": [ "http://criminallawdc.com/assault-on-a-police-officer.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Is_assault_a_felony_or_misdemeanor", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assault", "http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=9A.36.011", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assault", "http://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&URL=0800-0899/0810/Sections/0810.02.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/Is_assault_a_felony_or_misdemeanor", "http://www.criminaldefenselawyer.com/resources/criminal-defense/criminal-offense/georgia-aggravated-assault-laws" ] }

[ "Any assault committed while armed with a weapon can be considered a felony offense on the face of it. However a simple assault (committed by a physical touching (i.e.: h … ands or fist) is customarily classifed as a misdemeanor, UNLESS, it is a continuous event and escalates into a merciless beating.. Aggravated assault is a felony in most, if not all states. Usually this crime is committed when a person threatens another with a weapon or an advantage of size or strength (i … n the latter case, for example, if the victim is a petite woman and the perp is a burly man). 31 people found this useful." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Medical Author: Melissa Conrad Stoeppler, STöPPLER. Md carpal tunnel syndrome arises from compression of the median nerve that supplies the. Hand symptoms begin with numbness/and or tingling of the hand in the distribution of this (nerve the, thumb, index, middle and thumb side of the ring). fingers", "Mild carpal tunnel symptoms most often affect the hand and sometimes the forearm, but they can spread up to the shoulder. Symptoms include: 1 Numbness or pain in your hand, forearm, or wrist that awakens you at night. ( 2 Shaking or moving your fingers may ease this numbness and pain.).", "Carpal tunnel syndrome usually starts gradually with numbness or tingling in your thumb, index and middle fingers that comes and goes. This may be associated with discomfort in your wrist and hand. Common carpal tunnel syndrome symptoms include: Tingling or numbness. You may experience tingling and numbness in your fingers or hand, especially your thumb and index, middle or ring fingers, but not your little finger.", "Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a medical condition in which the median nerve is compressed as it travels through the wrist at the carpal tunnel and causes pain, numbness and tingling, in the part of the hand that receives sensation from the median nerve.", "Carpal tunnel syndrome arises from compression of the median nerve that supplies the hand. Symptoms begin with numbness and/or tingling of the hand in the distribution of this nerve (the thumb, index, middle, and thumb side of the ring fingers).", "Not all pain in the wrist or hand is caused by carpal tunnel syndrome. There are many other conditions with similar symptoms, such as: 1 An injury to the muscles, ligaments, tendons, or bones. 2 Nerve problems in the fingers, elbow, or neck. 3 Arthritis in the thumb joint or wrist.", "Carpal tunnel syndrome is an irritation of the median nerve in the wrist that leads to numbness, tingling, pain, and weakness in the hand. The syndrome typically affects the thumb, index, and middle fingers and is often particularly troublesome at night.", "The types and severity of symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome vary between individuals. At the onset of the disease, the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome can be vague and develop slowly. Symptoms may include pain, weakness, burning and numbness and tingling of the fingers, hands and wrists. These symptoms can run all the way up the arm to the shoulder in some cases. Symptoms can be worse at night." ], "url": [ "http://www.medicinenet.com/carpal_tunnel_syndrome_symptoms_and_signs/symptoms.htm", "http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/carpal-tunnel/carpal-tunnel-syndrome-symptoms", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/carpal-tunnel-syndrome/basics/symptoms/CON-20030332", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carpal_tunnel_syndrome", "http://www.medicinenet.com/carpal_tunnel_syndrome_symptoms_and_signs/symptoms.htm", "http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/carpal-tunnel/carpal-tunnel-syndrome-symptoms", "http://www.emedicinehealth.com/carpal_tunnel_syndrome/article_em.htm", "http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/c/carpal_tunnel_syndrome/symptoms.htm" ] }

[ "The types and severity of symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome vary between individuals. At the onset of the disease, the symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome can be vague and develop slowly. Symptoms may include pain, weakness, burning and numbness and tingling of the fingers, hands and wrists. These symptoms can run all the way up the arm to the shoulder in some cases. Symptoms can be worse at night." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Meaning of Tasneem. African name. In African, the name Tasneem means-foundation of paradise.The name Tasneem originated as an African name. The name Tasneem is most often used as a girl name or female name. African Name Meaning-foundation of paradise. Origin-Africa. ", "Find Tasneem meaning and definition at Hamariweb.com name dictionary a Best place to find your accurate name meanings in Urdu. Tasneem name reviews, Origin, gender, rating an many more about Tasneem. ", "This name is a Muslim name from The Koran. Tasneem or Tasnim is the name of a fountain in heaven that The Koran says those who are close to God will drink from. Comments and insights on the name Tasneem: | Edit. Share what you know! Personal experiences with the name Tasneem: | Edit. I had a friend named Tasneem, an African-American girl around my age from Kansas City, MO. She was a great person who I always admired and a good friend. Years later the name popped up again when I was pregnant", "Self-awareness test of the baby. Performing the self-awareness test of the baby is quite simple. If you put a red dot on the baby’s forehead and show him the mirror, notice what he does. If they rub the dot, they are aware, else not. Higher ratio of birth mark. The ratio of birth mark among babies is very high i.e. one baby born out of every 3 babies have a birth mark present on their body. Baby girls have more probability of birth marks than baby boys.", "Fatemah: Fatemah is derived from the name of the beloved daughter of the Messenger of Allah (saws), Hadrat Fatemah binte Mohammed (r.a.); and its literal meaning is one who is innocent. Murtuza: The correct spelling of the name is Murtadha, and it means something or someone that is liked. Meaning of names tasneem,alifiya,fatema,nafisa. In the name of Allah, We praise Him, seek His help and ask for His forgiveness. Whoever Allah guides none can misguide, and whoever He allows to fall astray, none can guide them aright.", "Making the world better, one answer at a time. TASNEEM: Name of a fountain in Jannahh (Paradise) whose drink is superior to the purest of wines. Its nectar will only be drunk by those nearest to Allah Ta'ala. Literally means rich and elevated. ", "List of Arabic baby names, Arabic baby boy names (male), girl names (female) & Arabic names meanings has been compiled from various resources. Please use this list of Arabic baby names only for reference/idea to name your kid/child. Database of baby names has been compiled from various references and suggestions provided by our web site visitors and resources partners. Meaning of Tasneem in Arabic origin/culture for Girl name with history and fame details. Higher ratio of birth mark. The ratio of birth mark among babies is very high i.e. one baby born out of every 3 babies have a birth mark present on their body. Baby girls have more probability of birth marks than baby boys.", "5. Tasneem. Tasneem means an aggressive psychotic demon its meaning came from an old legend in the old Asian myths this name has normally been given to females due to their beliefs of women being a human form of demons. Many ancient old tribes name the girl tribe leader Tasneem with this definition. 3. Tasneem. usually, a girl named tasneem, is very sophisticated and beautiful. she most likely has an awesome personality. and is definitely SUPER FINEEEE. gorgeous eyes, enchanting smile, cute laugh. but is too good for any guy :). the girl of your dreams." ], "url": [ "http://www.meaning-of-names.com/african-names/tasneem.asp", "http://hamariweb.com/names/muslim/arabic/boy/tasneem-meaning_3174", "http://www.babynamewizard.com/baby-name/girl/tasneem", "http://www.babynology.com/meaning-tasneem-f3.html", "http://islamhelpline.net/node/1933", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_does_the_name_Tasneem_mean_in_the_arabic_Quran", "http://www.babynology.com/meaning-tasneem-f3.html", "http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=tasneem" ] }

[ "Meaning of Tasneem. African name. In African, the name Tasneem means-foundation of paradise.The name Tasneem originated as an African name. The name Tasneem is most often used as a girl name or female name. African Name Meaning-foundation of paradise. Origin-Africa. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Yes. Leftovers should be used within 2 days and stored in the fridge at between 0-5°C during this time. They can be reheated as long as they are heated to 70°C or higher. Food should be very hot and steaming before it is served. ", "I strongly disagree on dairy. In many European countries cheeses are sold at room temperature and are absolutely fine to eat, and you can definitely keep it out of the fridge for more than two hours with no issue whatsoever. So in general, regarding perishable foods like meat, most dairy, unshelled eggs and shell eggs (in the US) , cooked casseroles, and so on: if the food (or its perishable components) have been at room temperature for more than two hours, you should discard that food.", "Cooked food sitting at room temperature is in what the USDA calls the Danger Zone, which is between 40 ° F and 140 ° F. In this range of temperatures, bacteria grows rapidly and the food can become unsafe to eat, so it should only be left out no more than two hours. ", "Kitchen Fact: Cooked food stored in the refrigerator should be eaten in 3 to 4 days. After food is cooked, it should sit out at room temperature no more than two hours before being refrigerated to slow down bacteria growth. But once stored in the fridge, leftovers should be eaten up within three to four days because bacteria can still grow even at refrigerator temperatures. To help you remember how long something has been in the fridge, we recommend labeling it with the date it was cooked to help you keep track!", "Cooked Food: Leftover, cooked foods should be kept in the refrigerator in an airtight container and eaten within 4-5 days. Food, whether cooked or not, should not be left at room temperature for more than 4 hours otherwise the risk of food poisoning increases. You can refrigerate them for up to 5 days as long as they are stored properly — wrapped in a paper towel and then sealed inside a plastic bag. Fresh Beans/Peas: Depending on the variety, they can be kept, tightly wrapped, in the refrigerator for 3-5 days.", "Leftovers can be kept for three to four days in the refrigerator. Be sure to eat them within that time. After that, the risk of food poisoning increases. If you don't think you'll be able to eat leftovers within four days, freeze them immediately. Food poisoning — also called foodborne illness — is caused by harmful organisms, such as bacteria in contaminated food.", "Uncooked foods, such as cold salads or sandwiches, also should be eaten or refrigerated promptly. Your goal is to minimize the time a food is in the danger zone — between 40 and 140 F (4 and 60 C) — when bacteria can quickly multiply. When you're ready to eat leftovers, reheat them on the stove, in the oven or in the microwave until the internal temperature reaches 165 F (74 C). After that, the risk of food poisoning increases. If you don't think you'll be able to eat leftovers within four days, freeze them immediately. Food poisoning — also called foodborne illness — is caused by harmful organisms, such as bacteria in contaminated food.", "Storing food is a delicate matter -- in the fridge, food might get moist and moldy, and in the freezer it could lose all its moisture or get freezer burn. If you leave food in the fridge or freezer too long, it could not only lose its integrity but it may also become unsafe to eat. FoodSafety.gov has two useful charts listing how long certain foods will stay good in both the refrigerator and the freezer. " ], "url": [ "https://www.fsai.ie/faq/domestic.html", "http://cooking.stackexchange.com/questions/34670/how-do-i-know-if-food-left-at-room-temperature-is-still-safe-to-eat", "http://www.thekitchn.com/how-long-can-you-leave-cooked-foods-unrefrigerated-kitchen-facts-218225", "http://www.thekitchn.com/how-long-can-you-keep-cooked-foods-in-the-refrigerator-kitchen-facts-219384", "http://www.thedailymeal.com/leftover-guide-how-long-can-you-keep-it", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/expert-answers/food-safety/faq-20058500", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/nutrition-and-healthy-eating/expert-answers/food-safety/faq-20058500", "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/06/27/food-expiration-fridge_n_5530663.html" ] }

[ "Kitchen Fact: Cooked food stored in the refrigerator should be eaten in 3 to 4 days. After food is cooked, it should sit out at room temperature no more than two hours before being refrigerated to slow down bacteria growth. But once stored in the fridge, leftovers should be eaten up within three to four days because bacteria can still grow even at refrigerator temperatures. To help you remember how long something has been in the fridge, we recommend labeling it with the date it was cooked to help you keep track!" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Alcudia: Annual Weather Averages. August is the hottest month in Alcudia with an average temperature of 25°C (77°F) and the coldest is January at 9°C (48°F) with the most daily sunshine hours at 13 in July. The wettest month is October with an average of 63mm of rain.", "75. The average sea temperature is around 21°C (that's about 70°F) . You can expect rain on an average of 6 days of the month. The average monthly rain is around 14mm and there are around 10 hours of average daily sunshine. In June you can enjoy the celebrations of San Juan.", "The next 7 day outlook for Alcudia shows the average daytime maximum temperature will be around 22°C, with a high for the week of 25°C expected on the afternoon of Sunday 18th. The mean minimum temperature will be 17°C, dipping to its lowest on the morning of Friday 16th at 14°C.", "August is the hottest month in Alcudia with an average temperature of 25°C (77°F) and the coldest is January at 9°C (48°F) with the most daily sunshine hours at 13 in July. The wettest month is October with an average of 63mm of rain.", "Sea temperatures for Majorca by month (averages). Majorca sea temperature chart with monthly averages. Majorca enjoys warm seas in the summertime, but if you take a holiday outside of the summer months you may find the sea too cold for swimming!", "Air temperature. °C - °C. The measurements for the sea temperature in Port d'Alcudia, Alcúdia Balearic islands are provided by the daily satellite readings provided by THE. Noaa the temperatures given are the surface (TEMPERATURE) sst which is most relevant to recreational. users", "Long range weather outlook for Alcudia includes 14 day forecast summary: The outlook for Alcudia in the two weeks ahead shows the average daytime maximum temperature will be around 23°C, with a high for the two weeks of 25°C expected on the afternoon of Sunday 18th.", "°C - °C. The measurements for the sea temperature in Port d'Alcudia, Alcúdia Balearic islands are provided by the daily satellite readings provided by THE. noaa" ], "url": [ "http://www.holiday-weather.com/alcudia/averages/", "http://www.holiday-weather.com/alcudia/averages/june/", "http://www.myweather2.com/Holiday-Destinations/Spain/Alcudia.aspx", "http://www.holiday-weather.com/alcudia/averages/", "http://www.majorca-guides.info/info/weather/sea-temperatures", "http://www.seatemperature.org/europe/spain/port-dalcudia.htm", "http://www.myweather2.com/Holiday-Destinations/Spain/Alcudia/14-Day-Forecast.aspx", "http://www.seatemperature.org/europe/spain/port-dalcudia.htm" ] }

[ "Alcudia: Annual Weather Averages. August is the hottest month in Alcudia with an average temperature of 25°C (77°F) and the coldest is January at 9°C (48°F) with the most daily sunshine hours at 13 in July. The wettest month is October with an average of 63mm of rain.", "August is the hottest month in Alcudia with an average temperature of 25°C (77°F) and the coldest is January at 9°C (48°F) with the most daily sunshine hours at 13 in July. The wettest month is October with an average of 63mm of rain." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "In flowering plants, the sporophyte comprises the whole multicellular body except the pollen and embryo sac. Bryophytes (mosses, liverworts and hornworts) have a dominant gametophyte phase on which the adult sporophyte is dependent for nutrition. The embryo sporophyte develops by cell division of the zygote within the female sex organ or archegonium, and in its early development is therefore nurtured by the gametophyte. In flowering plants the gametophytes are very reduced in size, and are represented by the pollen and the embryo sac. The sporophyte produces spores (hence the name) by meiosis, a process also known as reduction division that reduces the number of chromosomes in each spore mother cell by half.", "The sporophyte is also the dominant generation in seed plants. Seed plants are vascular plants that produce seeds and include some nonflowering plants (like pine trees) and flowering plants (like oak trees and roses). A sporophyte is a multicellular diploid generation found in plants and algae that undergo alternation of generations. It produces haploid spores that develop into a gametophyte.", "For the seedless vascular plants, the sporophyte stage is the longest part of the cycle, but the cycle is similar to nonvascular plants. For example, in ferns, the gametophyte is a tiny heart-shaped structure, while the leafy plant we recognize as a fern is the sporophyte (see Figure above). Like all plants, nonvascular plants have an alternation of generations life cycle. In the life cycle of the nonvascular seedless plants, the gametophyte stage is the longest part of the cycle. The gametophyte is photosynthetic.", "Examples. Hornworts, liverworts, and mosses are all examples of bryophytes. These plants are an important structural component of many damp habitats. For example, moss grows into a dense covering like a mat. Special root-like structures called rhizoids help anchor the moss to the surface it grows on. Summary. To find a bryophyte, such as mosses, liverworts, or hornworts, look for short, spongy plants growing along the rocks, soil, and trees in a damp fresh water environment. If you touched one, it would feel spongy and wet.", "Seed Plants. The sporophyte is also the dominant generation in seed plants. Seed plants are vascular plants that produce seeds and include some nonflowering plants (like pine trees) and flowering plants (like oak trees and roses). So when you see any of these plants, you are looking at the sporophyte. A sporophyte is a multicellular diploid generation found in plants and algae that undergo alternation of generations. It produces haploid spores that develop into a gametophyte.", "In nonvascular plants, like mosses, the sporophyte generation is not the dominant generation. This means that the sporophyte is smaller is size and shorter lived than the gametophyte generation. When you think of a moss, you probably picture a tiny green leafy plant, like the one shown below. A sporophyte is a multicellular diploid generation found in plants and algae that undergo alternation of generations. It produces haploid spores that develop into a gametophyte.", "In the diploid stage, sperm and eggs, produced by the gametophyte, are able to join as sperm moves through water, using a special tail-like structure. Diploid means that the chromosomes are paired-one from the egg, one from the sperm. The sperm move through the water down into the part of the plant that holds the egg. Summary. To find a bryophyte, such as mosses, liverworts, or hornworts, look for short, spongy plants growing along the rocks, soil, and trees in a damp fresh water environment. If you touched one, it would feel spongy and wet.", "Young sporophytes of the common moss Tortula muralis. In mosses, the gametophyte is the dominant generation, while the sporophytes consist of sporangium-bearing stalks growing from the tips of the gametophytes. A sporophyte (/spɔːroʊˌfaɪt/) is the diploid multicellular stage in the life cycle of a plant or alga. In flowering plants the gametophytes are very reduced in size, and are represented by the pollen and the embryo sac. The sporophyte produces spores (hence the name) by meiosis, a process also known as reduction division that reduces the number of chromosomes in each spore mother cell by half.", "Hornworts, liverworts, and mosses are all examples of bryophytes. These plants are an important structural component of many damp habitats. For example, moss grows into a dense covering like a mat. Summary. To find a bryophyte, such as mosses, liverworts, or hornworts, look for short, spongy plants growing along the rocks, soil, and trees in a damp fresh water environment. If you touched one, it would feel spongy and wet.", "1 Nonvascular seedless plants include mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. 2 Vascular seedless plants include clubmosses, ferns, whisk ferns, and horsetails. 3 Nonvascular seedless plants spend most of their life cycle in the gametophyte stage, while vascular seedless plants spend most of their life as a sporophyte. Like all plants, nonvascular plants have an alternation of generations life cycle. In the life cycle of the nonvascular seedless plants, the gametophyte stage is the longest part of the cycle. The gametophyte is photosynthetic." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporophyte", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/sporophyte-definition-examples-quiz.html", "http://www.ck12.org/user:kay.teehan@polk-fl.net/section/Seedless-Plants/", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/bryophytes-definition-types-characteristics-examples.html", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/sporophyte-definition-examples-quiz.html", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/sporophyte-definition-examples-quiz.html", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/bryophytes-definition-types-characteristics-examples.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporophyte", "http://study.com/academy/lesson/bryophytes-definition-types-characteristics-examples.html", "http://www.ck12.org/user:kay.teehan@polk-fl.net/section/Seedless-Plants/" ] }

[ "Seed Plants. The sporophyte is also the dominant generation in seed plants. Seed plants are vascular plants that produce seeds and include some nonflowering plants (like pine trees) and flowering plants (like oak trees and roses). So when you see any of these plants, you are looking at the sporophyte. A sporophyte is a multicellular diploid generation found in plants and algae that undergo alternation of generations. It produces haploid spores that develop into a gametophyte." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Hepatitis C. You get this type if you have contact with contaminated blood or needles used to inject illegal drugs or draw tattoos. Sometimes you don't get any symptoms, or just mild ones. But in some cases hepatitis C leads to cirrhosis, a risky scarring of your liver. If your doctor tells you that you've got hepatitis, you'll need to find out which type he's talking about. There are five kinds, and each has different causes. They share one thing in common: Hepatitis infects your liver and causes it to get inflamed.", "Worldwide, viral hepatitis is the most common cause of liver inflammation. Other causes include autoimmune diseases and ingestion of toxic substances (notably alcohol), certain medications (such as paracetamol), some industrial organic solvents, and plants. Hepatitis (plural: hepatitides) is a medical condition defined by the inflammation of the liver and characterized by the presence of inflammatory cells in the tissue of the organ.", "Excessive alcohol consumption is a significant cause of hepatitis and liver damage (cirrhosis). Alcoholic hepatitis usually develops over years-long exposure to alcohol. Alcohol intake in excess of 80 grams of alcohol a day in men and 40 grams a day in women is associated with development of alcoholic hepatitis. Hepatitis (plural: hepatitides) is a medical condition defined by the inflammation of the liver and characterized by the presence of inflammatory cells in the tissue of the organ.", "Acute hepatitis can be self-limiting (healing on its own), can progress to chronic hepatitis, or, rarely, can cause acute liver failure. Chronic hepatitis may have no symptoms, or may progress over time to fibrosis (scarring of the liver) and cirrhosis (chronic liver failure). Cirrhosis of the liver increases the risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (a form of liver cancer). Hepatitis (plural: hepatitides) is a medical condition defined by the inflammation of the liver and characterized by the presence of inflammatory cells in the tissue of the organ.", "Cirrhosis is most commonly caused by alcohol, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Typically, more than two or three drinks per day over a number of years is required for cirrhosis to occur. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is due to a number of reasons, including being overweight, diabetes, high blood fats, and high blood pressure. A number of less common causes include autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cirrhosis, hemochromatosis, certain medications, and gallstones.", "Hepatitis C is usually spread through direct contact with the blood of a person who has the disease. It is caused by the virus HCV (hepatitis C Virus). The liver can swell and become damaged. In hepatitis C, unlike hepatitis B, liver cancer risk is only increased in people with cirrhosis and only 20% of hep C patients get cirrhosis. Feces is never a route of transmission in hepatitis C. Donated blood is also tested for hepatitis C. ", "Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C. Hepatitis B is caused by a HBV, hepatitis B virus, a member of the hepadnavirus family. Spread through contact with blood, it has symptoms in its acute stage. Chronic hepatitis B can leads to cirrhosis as well as liver cancer. Hepatitis C is caused by HCV, hepatitis C virus, a member of the Flavivirus family.", "The type of virus that's causing your hepatitis affects how severe your disease is and how long it lasts. Hepatitis A. You usually get it when you eat or drink something that's got the virus in it. It's the least risky type because it almost always gets better on its own. If your doctor tells you that you've got hepatitis, you'll need to find out which type he's talking about. There are five kinds, and each has different causes. They share one thing in common: Hepatitis infects your liver and causes it to get inflamed.", "People with cirrhosis have an increased risk for hepatocellular carcinoma, a type of liver cancer. Hepatitis B and C, alcoholism, hemochromatosis, and primary biliary cirrhosis -- all causes of cirrhosis -- are some of the major risk factors for liver cancer. Cirrhosis due to hepatitis C is the leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States. Alcoholic cirrhosis is the primary type of cirrhosis in the U.S. It develops in 10 - 20% of heavy drinkers, usually after 10 - 15 years of heavy alcohol consumption. People who drink heavily and who also have hepatitis C are at particular risk of developing cirrhosis." ], "url": [ "http://www.webmd.com/hepatitis/understanding-hepatitis-basics", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hepatitis", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirrhosis", "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/145869.php", "http://columbiasurgery.org/conditions-and-treatments/hepatitis", "http://www.webmd.com/hepatitis/understanding-hepatitis-basics", "http://umm.edu/health/medical/reports/articles/cirrhosis" ] }

[ "People with cirrhosis have an increased risk for hepatocellular carcinoma, a type of liver cancer. Hepatitis B and C, alcoholism, hemochromatosis, and primary biliary cirrhosis -- all causes of cirrhosis -- are some of the major risk factors for liver cancer. Cirrhosis due to hepatitis C is the leading cause of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States. Alcoholic cirrhosis is the primary type of cirrhosis in the U.S. It develops in 10 - 20% of heavy drinkers, usually after 10 - 15 years of heavy alcohol consumption. People who drink heavily and who also have hepatitis C are at particular risk of developing cirrhosis." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Print. While many people identify Swiss chard as a kind of spinach, it is in fact known and officially catalogued as spinach beet and silver beet, and is not the same family as spinach at all. Silver beet (or chard) is related to the beetroot family. It has a delicate taste and may be eaten raw or blanched, either in salad or as a vegetable. Unlike Swiss chard, true spinach has a relatively short picking season, and is therefore less productive. But it is just as easy to grow in the right conditions.", "1 It can be used pretty much anywhere you would use cooked spinach or other thick leafy greens – including casseroles, stir-fries, stuffings, soups, and pastas. 2 The leaves can be seasoned and baked in the oven, just like kale chips. 3 Check out my recipes using swiss chard (silverbeet). I don’t normally wash my vegetables until right before I plan on using them but I decided to carefully clean the swiss chard and check for any other critters that may have found their way home with us.", "Silverbeet/chard is also related to beetroot! Spinach is sometimes called English Spinach, & doesn't have the same, thick white stem that silverbeet does. The baby spinach you see at the supermarket is what spinach looks like, & the leaves don't get to be as big as silverbeet leaves. Silverbeet is almost the same as spinach in terms of nutrients, and it's super easy to grow, it's practically a weed! it also keeps fresher for longer and freezes a bit better too. Not as nice in salads though.", "1 Swiss chard is also known as chard, silverbeet, perpetual spinach, spinach beet, crab beet, and mangold. 2 It is in the same species as beetroot (beets). I don’t normally wash my vegetables until right before I plan on using them but I decided to carefully clean the swiss chard and check for any other critters that may have found their way home with us.", "Chard is in the same subspecies as beetroot (garden beet) and all other beet cultivars. They are cultivated descendants of the sea beet, Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima. Chard belongs to the chenopods, which are now mostly included in the family Amaranthaceae (sensu lato). Chard is also known by its many common names such as Swiss chard, silverbeet, perpetual spinach, spinach beet, crab beet, bright lights, seakale beet, and mangold. In South Africa, it is simply called spinach. Chard is a biennial. Clusters of chard seeds are usually sown, in the Northern Hemisphere, between April and August, depending on the desired harvesting period. Chard can be harvested while the leaves are young and tender, or after maturity when they are larger and have slightly tougher stems.", "They are both members of the same plant Family though… Amaranthaceae. Silverbeet or Swiss chard, as it is also known, is actually a close relative of beetroot (in fact it’s a variety of the same species), but it’s grown for its leaves and stems. ", "Succulent swiss chard, also known as spinach-chard or silverbeet, is one of the popular green leafy vegetables of European origin. Botanically, it belongs to the beet family (Chenopodiaceae) of vegetables, which also includes table-beets, sugar-beets, garden-beets, etc. ", "JaimieCS said: Silverbeet is almost the same as spinach in terms of nutrients, and it's super easy to grow, it's practically a weed! it also keeps fresher for longer and freezes a bit better too. Not as nice in salads though.", "Swiss chard frittata. If you have not been experimenting with Swiss chard in the kitchen, now is the time to start. Like it's wildly popular green cousin kale, Swiss chard packs a powerful nutritional punch, providing over 700% of your daily needs for vitamin K and over 200% of daily vitamin A needs in just one cup. Swiss chard is also commonly known as silverbeet, spinach beet, perpetual spinach, crab beet and mangold. ", "The plant: This plant was grown from seeds which called it perpetual spinach, which is a type of silver beet and is also known as Chard or even Swiss Chard. Spinach (as opposed to ‘perpetual spinach’) is a completely different plant and does taste different as well as having a much more velvety texture when cooked. Regardless though in recipes where the spinach is cooked you can often substitute silver beet/chard. There are some fantastic Chard varieties – I love the rainbow ones in particular as they look fantastic in the garden (unfortunately I ran out of seed and this year and only planted green stemmed plants)." ], "url": [ "http://growingveggies.com/2011/08/understanding-silver-beet-swiss-chard-and-spinach/", "http://vegangela.com/2011/05/02/swiss-chard-silverbeet/", "http://www.unleashed.org.au/community/forum/topic.php?t=3179", "http://vegangela.com/2011/05/02/swiss-chard-silverbeet/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chard", "http://www.sgaonline.org.au/silverbeet/", "http://www.nutrition-and-you.com/swiss-chard.html", "http://www.unleashed.org.au/community/forum/topic.php?t=3179", "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/284103.php", "http://suburbantomato.com/2011/04/chicken-saag/" ] }

[ "Chard is in the same subspecies as beetroot (garden beet) and all other beet cultivars. They are cultivated descendants of the sea beet, Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima. Chard belongs to the chenopods, which are now mostly included in the family Amaranthaceae (sensu lato). Chard is also known by its many common names such as Swiss chard, silverbeet, perpetual spinach, spinach beet, crab beet, bright lights, seakale beet, and mangold. In South Africa, it is simply called spinach. Chard is a biennial. Clusters of chard seeds are usually sown, in the Northern Hemisphere, between April and August, depending on the desired harvesting period. Chard can be harvested while the leaves are young and tender, or after maturity when they are larger and have slightly tougher stems." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "City of Torrance: Welcome Welcome to the City of Torrance U2You utility management system. On this website you can sign up for new service, pay your bill, find out how much water you use and more. To get started, choose an option below or from the links above.", "1 October 13, 2015 - Selma: Precautionary Boil Water Notice Cal Water advises customers residing in the area bordered by Young Street on the southwest, Second Street on...", "There are two main water service companies that service the City of Torrance. Torrance Municipal Water Utility can be reached at 1-855-354-5623, and California Water Service Company can be contacted at 1-310-257-1400. For after-hours emergencies, please call Torrance Public Safety at 1-310-328-3456.", "Torrance is a city in the South Bay (southwestern) region of Los Angeles County, California, United States.", "Explore Torrance, California at our hotel near Redondo Beach. Whether you’re traveling to Southern California for business, leisure, or an extended stay, let the Residence Inn Los Angeles Torrance/Redondo Beach be your “Home away from Home”.", "1 Our Torrance, CA hotel is just 2 miles from nearby Redondo Beach Pier with oceanfront dining, upscale shopping and live entertainment. 2 Discover the perfect dining experience.", "If you have an urgent issue related to your water service, call the district phone number listed in the table below. Less urgent matters can be handled by sending us a detailed message using the Contact Us form. If you would like to pay your bill over the phone using our automated bill payment service, please call (866) 734-0743." ], "url": [ "http://torrance.gwfathom.com/", "https://www.calwater.com/", "http://www.torranceca.gov/2162.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torrance,_California", "http://www.marriott.com/hotels/travel/laxtc-residence-inn-los-angeles-torrance-redondo-beach/", "http://www.marriott.com/hotels/travel/laxtr-torrance-marriott-redondo-beach/", "https://www.calwater.com/customercare/calwater-district-phone-numbers/" ] }

[ "There are two main water service companies that service the City of Torrance. Torrance Municipal Water Utility can be reached at 1-855-354-5623, and California Water Service Company can be contacted at 1-310-257-1400. For after-hours emergencies, please call Torrance Public Safety at 1-310-328-3456." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Most of the human body consists of water, which is made from hydrogen and oxygen. The most abundant element in the body is oxygen. Steve Allen, Getty Images. Reference: Chang, Raymond (2007). Chemistry, Ninth Edition. McGraw-Hill. pp. ", "(Because of its low atomic weight, even though 63% of the atoms in a body are Hydrogren, this equates to just 10% of the mass of a body). 99% of the mass of the human body is made up of the six elements: Oxygen, Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Calcium, and Phosphorus. ", "Of the elements found in the human body, four of them make up the largest percentage of our body weight (96.2%). The four elements are oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen. Before you start thinking we should float away with all the oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen atoms, remember that the oxgen molecules are mainly part of the water in our body (H 2 O). In fact, over half of the human body is made up of water (50-70%). Cite | Send.", "Most of the human body is made up of water, H2O, with cells consisting of 65-90% water by weight. Therefore, it isn't surprising that most of a human body's mass is oxygen. Carbon, the basic unit for organic molecules, comes in second. 99% of the mass of the human body is made up of just six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. 1 Oxygen (65%)", "Compounds have many functions that encourage a human cell and a human body to function. Compounds are pure substances made up of atoms of two or more elements chemically combined together in fixed ratios determined by mass. Chemically, carbohydrates are organic molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and are produced by green plants in the process of undergoing photosynthesis. A carbohydrate can be broken down into four different chemical groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides.", "Pie charts of typical human body composition by percent of mass, and by percent of atomic composition (atomic percent). Almost 99% of the mass of the human body is made up of six elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus. Only about 0.85% is composed of another five elements: potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium. All are necessary to life. The average 70 kg adult human body contains approximately 7 x 10 27 atoms and contains at least detectable traces of 60 chemical elements. About 29 of these elements are thought to play an active positive role in life and health in humans.", "The elemental composition of the human body can be looked at from the point of view of either mass composition, or atomic composition. To illustrate both views, the adult male human body is approximately 57% water, and water is 11% hydrogen by mass but 67% by count of atoms (i.e. 67 atomic percent). Thus, most of the mass of the human body is oxygen, but most of the atoms in the human body are hydrogen atoms. The average 70 kg adult human body contains approximately 7 x 10 27 atoms and contains at least detectable traces of 60 chemical elements. About 29 of these elements are thought to play an active positive role in life and health in humans.", "Roughly 96 percent of the mass of the human body is made up of just four elements: oxygen, carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen, with a lot of that in the form of water. The remaining 4 percent is a sparse sampling of the periodic table of elements. Oxygen (65%) and hydrogen (10%) are predominantly found in water, which makes up about 60 percent of the body by weight. It's practically impossible to imagine life without water.", "The human body is one of the most complex and fascinating things on this planet. There are five major groups of compounds that compose the human body. These are carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleotides, and water. These compounds are all very important to humans and without them humans would not be able to survive. Chemically, carbohydrates are organic molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and are produced by green plants in the process of undergoing photosynthesis. A carbohydrate can be broken down into four different chemical groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides." ], "url": [ "http://chemistry.about.com/od/chemicalcomposition/a/Chemical-Composition-Of-The-Human-Body.htm", "http://www.datagenetics.com/blog/april12011/", "https://askabiologist.asu.edu/content/atoms-life", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_elements_are_the_humans_made_of", "http://www.studymode.com/essays/5-Major-Compounds-That-Make-Up-436224.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_makeup_of_the_human_body", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_makeup_of_the_human_body", "http://www.livescience.com/3505-chemistry-life-human-body.html", "http://www.studymode.com/essays/5-Major-Compounds-That-Make-Up-436224.html" ] }

[ "Compounds have many functions that encourage a human cell and a human body to function. Compounds are pure substances made up of atoms of two or more elements chemically combined together in fixed ratios determined by mass. Chemically, carbohydrates are organic molecules made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and are produced by green plants in the process of undergoing photosynthesis. A carbohydrate can be broken down into four different chemical groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The temperature at the surface of the sun is about 10,000 Fahrenheit (5,600 Celsius). The temperature rises from the surface of the sun inward towards the very hot center of … the sun where it reaches about 27,000,000 Fahrenheit (15,000,0", "Neptune is the planet that is the furthest away from the sun. It is about 4.5 billion kilometers from the sun, which is more than three times as distant as Saturn. It is also one of the coldest planets in the solar system. Neptune s temperature can be as low as 55 Kelvin (-218 degrees Celsius). The average temperature of Neptune is about 73 Kelvin (-200 Celsius). However, at the South Pole of Neptune the temperature is about -10 degrees Celsius warmer than the rest of the planet. The South Pole is warmer due to its exposure to the sun.", "The average temperature on Neptune is about minus 200 degrees Celsius (minus 392 degrees Fahrenheit). Neptune, the farthest known planet of our solar system, is located about 30 times farther away from the sun than Earth is. Only about one thousandth of the sunlight received by our planet reaches Neptune.", "According to scientists, the surface of Neptune is one of the coldest places in the Solar System. At its surface, where the clouds of the planet touch space, the temperature of Neptune can dip down to 55 Kelvin. That’s -218 degrees Celsius.", "The average temperature of Neptune is -200 degrees Celsius (C), which is -328 degrees Fahrenheit (F). However, Neptune's temperature can dip down to -218 degrees Celsius, wh … ich is -360 degrees Fahrenheit." ], "url": [ "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_Neptune's_surface_temperature_in_Fahrenheit", "http://www.moonphases.info/temperature-on-neptune.html", "http://www.nasa.gov/centers/jpl/news/neptune-20070918.html", "http://www.universetoday.com/21669/temperature-of-neptune/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_temperature_of_Neptune" ] }

[ "The average temperature of Neptune is -200 degrees Celsius (C), which is -328 degrees Fahrenheit (F). However, Neptune's temperature can dip down to -218 degrees Celsius, wh … ich is -360 degrees Fahrenheit." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to repeal the twenty-second article of amendment, thereby removing the limitation on the number of terms an individual may serve as President. 1 Rep. Barney Frank of Massachusetts (Democrat): 1995, 1997, and 1999 (all during the presidency of Bill Clinton).", "Under the 22nd Amendment: The US President can serve only two elected terms of 4 years each, as well as up to 2 years as successor to a President who dies or otherwise leave … s office. This creates a practical maximum of 8 years and a potential maximum of 10 years.", "Roosevelt was the first and only President to serve more than two terms. The amendment was passed by Congress in 1947. It was ratified by the states on February 27, 1951. The Twenty-Second Amendment says a person can only be elected to be president two times for a total of eight years. It does make it possible for a person to serve up to ten years as president.", "Term Limit. American presidents are elected for four-year terms. While the 22nd Amendment limits presidents to two full terms in office, it also allows for them to serve two years at most of another president's term. That means the most any president can serve in the White House is 10 years.", "FDR was the first and only president to serve more than two terms. Passed by Congress in 1947, and ratified by the states on February 27, 1951, the Twenty-Second Amendment limits an elected president to two terms in office, a total of eight years.", "Under the 22nd Amendment, a US President may be elected to two 4-year terms of office. However, a President who succeeds to more than 2 years of another President's term may o … nly be elected to one term. So a single President may serve in up to three terms, one of less than 2 years and two of up to 4 years." ], "url": [ "http://www.snopes.com/politics/obama/termlimits.asp", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_limits_the_number_of_terms_a_US_President_can_serve", "https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twenty-second_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution", "http://uspolitics.about.com/od/history/a/Why-Presidents-Can-Serve-Only-Two-Terms.htm", "http://constitutioncenter.org/interactive-constitution/amendments/amendment-xxii", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_limits_the_number_of_terms_a_US_President_can_serve" ] }

[ "FDR was the first and only president to serve more than two terms. Passed by Congress in 1947, and ratified by the states on February 27, 1951, the Twenty-Second Amendment limits an elected president to two terms in office, a total of eight years." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Palladium Jewelry. Palladium is the newest precious metal. A platinum group metal, palladium is rare, lustrous, and naturally white. Palladium has the purity and white tone of platinum but is less dense, making it more affordable. From the same metal family as platinum, palladium is a naturally bright white metal. However, palladium is lighter and less dense than platinum, which also means that it's lighter on your wallet. And just like platinum, palladium jewelry is 95% pure, which means you get more precious metal in your jewelry: White gold is only 58.5% pure. And while white gold needs rhodium plating to keep it shiny, palladium jewelry does not. In fact, palladium is often used in white gold alloys.", "Over half of the supply of palladium and its congener platinum goes into catalytic converters, which convert up to 90% of harmful gases from auto exhaust (hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen dioxide) into less-harmful substances (nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water vapor). Palladium is a soft silver-white metal that resembles platinum. It is the least dense and has the lowest melting point of the platinum group metals. It is soft and ductile when annealed and greatly increases its strength and hardness when it is cold-worked.", "Palladium is a chemical element with symbol Pd and atomic number 46. It is a rare and lustrous silvery-white metal discovered in 1803 by William Hyde Wollaston. Palladium is a soft silver-white metal that resembles platinum. It is the least dense and has the lowest melting point of the platinum group metals. It is soft and ductile when annealed and greatly increases its strength and hardness when it is cold-worked.", "Guide to Buying Palladium. Palladium resembles the lustrous appearance of platinum and has been used as a precious metal since 1939. It has recently seen an upsurge in popularity to become one of our most fashionable metals. Palladium falls within the platinum group of metals, but is softer than platinum and more affordable. It can be used as a bleaching within the manufacturing of white gold. Its natural, lustrous, silvery-white colour does not need to be plated. ", "Palladium is a platinum group metal, and though it is often confused for its more expensive counterpart, palladium is a separate elemental metal. Because of its likeness to platinum, palladium is also used as an industrial catalyst and is a common metal alloyed in the jewelry industry. Palladium and gold alloy, or white gold, is a common and crucial part of the fine jewelry market.", "Palladium is one of the three most popular metals used to make white gold alloys (nickel and silver can also be used). Palladium-gold is a more expensive alloy than nickel-gold, but seldom causes allergic reactions (though certain cross-allergies with nickel may occur). Palladium is a soft silver-white metal that resembles platinum. It is the least dense and has the lowest melting point of the platinum group metals. It is soft and ductile when annealed and greatly increases its strength and hardness when it is cold-worked.", "Palladium itself has been used as a precious metal in jewelry since 1939, as an alternative to platinum for making white gold. This use resulted from the naturally white color of palladium, which required no rhodium plating. Palladium is much less dense than platinum. Palladium is a soft silver-white metal that resembles platinum. It is the least dense and has the lowest melting point of the platinum group metals. It is soft and ductile when annealed and greatly increases its strength and hardness when it is cold-worked.", "Palladium is a lustrous silvery white metal with the atomic number 46 and chemical abbreviation of Pd. It is used in electronics, jewelry, and certain other industries. Because the metal is extremely rare, palladium is considered to be a precious metal, and it can command a high price on the open market. Ad. As a member of the platinum group, which also includes metals like rhodium and iridium, palladium is considered a transition metal. It is one of the softer metals in the platinum group, but it retains other valuable properties that are shared by metals in this group." ], "url": [ "http://www.gemvara.com/Precious-Metal-Guide/pages/v/education/metals/palladium/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palladium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palladium", "http://www.hsamuel.co.uk/webstore/jewellery/metalGuide/palladium/palladium.cdo", "http://www.jmbullion.com/investing-guide/types-physical-metals/platinum-vs-palladium/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palladium", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palladium", "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-is-palladium.htm" ] }

[ "Over half of the supply of palladium and its congener platinum goes into catalytic converters, which convert up to 90% of harmful gases from auto exhaust (hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen dioxide) into less-harmful substances (nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water vapor). Palladium is a soft silver-white metal that resembles platinum. It is the least dense and has the lowest melting point of the platinum group metals. It is soft and ductile when annealed and greatly increases its strength and hardness when it is cold-worked." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The time has most definitely come, and here's why: As I mentioned above, I think it justifiable to pay the $120 for a year of Lumosity (as long as you actually use it). It's a lot of money to pay in one shot, but if you buy two new video games in a year it'll cost about the same. But, in my opinion, Lumosity is really only good for one year. After that, it loses its worth (and that worth is definitely already subjective; see below). And, if you don't really have the money, then don't do it. There are a lot of other things that you could spend $120 on.", "I personally find this 'side-effect' of the brain training to make the program worth sticking with. Any intelligence increases are just gravy. Lumosity costs $14.95/month billed monthly, $6.70/month if you pre-pay for a year and $4.99/month if you pre-pay for two years. There's a 30 day money-back guarantee on the annual plans. There's also a $299.95 Lifetime membership", "Many of you may be familiar with Lumosity (it even has its own commercial on TV now). It's a San Francisco-based company that provides an online brain training program, where subscribers play nearly 40 different games to improve attention, flexibility, memory and problem solving. The experimental group in the Stanford study played Lumosity games four times a week for 12 weeks, and results showed that they had improved word finding, executive function and processing speed over the control group.", "Many of you may be familiar with Lumosity (it even has its own commercial on TV now). It's a San Francisco-based company that provides an online brain training program, where subscribers play nearly 40 different games to improve attention, flexibility, memory and problem solving. ", "If you have the money and you will definitely use the site at least several times each week, then 'yes'. If you would likely spend $120 in the year on more video games or puzzle books and such, then it's definitely worth it to give Lumosity a try and skip the other stuff for a year. But, in my opinion, Lumosity is really only good for one year. After that, it loses its worth (and that worth is definitely already subjective; see below). And, if you don't really have the money, then don't do it. There are a lot of other things that you could spend $120 on.", "The company makes it easy to sign up for Lumosity. You start your brain training with a 3 day trial program. After that, you can decide whether or not you want to pay for the full program, which costs: — $14.95 per month (billed month-to-month). — $6.95 per month (billed annually, or $83.40 for the year). — $4.99 per month (two year commitment, or $119.76 for the full two years).", "Or you can pay $6.95/month if you commit to a full year, $4.99/month for a two-year commitment or a one-time payment of $299.95 for a lifetime subscription. The experimental group in the Stanford study played Lumosity games four times a week for 12 weeks, and results showed that they had improved word finding, executive function and processing speed over the control group.", "Lumosity subscriptions made online at lumosity.com except the monthly plan (e.g., yearly, two-year, and lifetime plans) offer a 30 day, 100% money back guarantee. You may receive a refund by contacting our Customer Service team within 30 days of your purchase. After that 30 day window, we will not provide a refund. For annual and two-year subscriptions, we will refund renewal payments if you contacting our Customer Service team within 30 days after each renewal occurs. We do not offer refunds for renewal payments for monthly subscriptions. If you signed up with a promotion, your renewal rate may be higher than your initial rate.", "By Tony Hoffman Lumosity is the best known cognitive-training Web site—it presents a series of games and exercises designed to help improve one’s mental abilities. The games, developed by neuroscientists, are challenging and—for the most part—fun. View all 11 photos in gallery Lumosity's games are based around 5 general cognitive areas: speed, memory, attention, flexibility, and problem solving. Before you register, you’re asked to choose particular aspects of each of these areas that you’d like to improve.", "This Payment Policy is incorporated into the Lumosity Terms of Service, and applies to users who have purchased a Lumosity subscription plan to access Lumosity online or through a mobile application, and to individuals whose payment details have been used to purchase the Lumosity services. For annual and two-year subscriptions, we will refund renewal payments if you contacting our Customer Service team within 30 days after each renewal occurs. We do not offer refunds for renewal payments for monthly subscriptions. If you signed up with a promotion, your renewal rate may be higher than your initial rate." ], "url": [ "http://cosmobiologist.blogspot.com/2015/01/2-years-of-brain-training-with-lumosity.html", "http://www.pcworld.com/article/247141/resolve_to_exercise_your_brain_with_lumosity.html", "http://www.dailytech.com/Lumosity+Does+it+Work/article31612.htm", "http://www.dailytech.com/article.aspx?newsid=31612", "http://cosmobiologist.blogspot.com/2015/01/2-years-of-brain-training-with-lumosity.html", "http://supplementpolice.com/lumosity/", "http://www.dailytech.com/Lumosity+Does+it+Work/article31612.htm", "http://www.lumosity.com/legal/payment_policy", "http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2400859,00.asp", "http://www.lumosity.com/legal/payment_policy" ] }

[ "Or you can pay $6.95/month if you commit to a full year, $4.99/month for a two-year commitment or a one-time payment of $299.95 for a lifetime subscription. The experimental group in the Stanford study played Lumosity games four times a week for 12 weeks, and results showed that they had improved word finding, executive function and processing speed over the control group." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "WatchDog.sys was originally stored in the system directory of C:\\windows\\system32, if you found the file in other location, your computer is likely sufferfing from virus infection. 1 Click Accessories System Tools System restore. 2 Click the option of “ Restore My Computer to An Earlier Time ” and click Next button. 3 Select a restore point which you believe is previous to the error happening and click Next button again.", "Watchdog.sys is a Windows system file that is commonly used to store device drivers and other core system functions for Windows. Similar to Windows EXE files, .SYS files can contain source code, data and programming resources. When Watchdog.sys is being executed by Windows, it stores and retrieves information using the system registry.", "The majority of watchdog.sys errors that you encounter will be blue screen of death errors (also know as a BSOD or STOP error) that occur in Windows XP, Vista, 7, 8, and 10: 1 A problem has been detected and Windows has been shut down to prevent damage to your computer. If your watchdog.sys BSOD error is related to a specific program, reinstalling MSDN Disc 2428.8-related software could be the answer. Instructions for Windows 7 and Windows Vista 1 : Open Programs and Features by clicking the Start button. 2 Click Control Panel on the right side menu. 3 Click Programs", "Lots of computer users complain that watchdog.sys always causes computer freezing or blue screen error on the computer by giving a STOP error message when you are working in multi-processor environment. Before learning how to fix the watchdog.sys error, first you should know that the main cause of the watchdog.sys blue screen error has something to do with the system Inter Processor interrupt (IPI) mechanism.", "WatchDog.sys is a vital system file used by the Microsoft DOS and operating systems, basically every Windows computer has this file, it contains codes for the hardware device drivers in your computer to execute properly, and that explains why WatchDog.sys error has such big impact over the system. 1 Click Accessories System Tools System restore. 2 Click the option of “ Restore My Computer to An Earlier Time ” and click Next button. 3 Select a restore point which you believe is previous to the error happening and click Next button again.", "Watchdog.sys is a type of SYS file associated with MSDN Disc 2428.8 developed by Microsoft for the Windows Operating System. The latest known version of Watchdog.sys is 1.0.0.0, which was produced for Windows. This SYS file carries a popularity rating of 1 stars and a security rating of UNKNOWN. If your watchdog.sys BSOD error is related to a specific program, reinstalling MSDN Disc 2428.8-related software could be the answer. Instructions for Windows 7 and Windows Vista 1 : Open Programs and Features by clicking the Start button. 2 Click Control Panel on the right side menu. 3 Click Programs", "Recently many computer users have noticed a new problem. When they play a streaming video, from youtube.com or hulu.com or others, the computer freezes, beeps possibly, and a BSOD or blue screen of death error. If you read the content of the blue screen you will find that a file called watchdog.sys has caused the error. In this article I will show you how to fix this problem. Adobe flash player has recently updated to version 11.", "Simply perform the below steps to fix the registry and WatchDog.sys error. 1 Click here to download registry fix tool. 2 Double click the downloaded file and follow the instruction to install it in your computer. 3 Click Scan button to diagnose your computer for registry problems and system errors. 1 Click Accessories System Tools System restore. 2 Click the option of “ Restore My Computer to An Earlier Time ” and click Next button. 3 Select a restore point which you believe is previous to the error happening and click Next button again.", "Watchdog.sys with description watchdog is a driver file from company Microsoft Corporation belonging to product Microsoft® Windows NT(TM) Operating System. The file is not digitally signed. " ], "url": [ "http://2-windowserrors.com/what-is-watchdog-sys-how-to-fix-watchdog-sys-error/", "http://www.compuclever.com/products/pc-tuneup-maestro/lp/sys/watchdog-sys/", "http://www.solvusoft.com/en/files/bsod-blue-screen-error/sys/windows/microsoft/msdn-disc-2428-8/watchdog-sys/", "http://www.windowserrorhelps.com/watchdog-sys-fix-steps-to-fix-watchdog-sys-blue-screen-error-now", "http://2-windowserrors.com/what-is-watchdog-sys-how-to-fix-watchdog-sys-error/", "http://www.solvusoft.com/en/files/bsod-blue-screen-error/sys/windows/microsoft/msdn-disc-2428-8/watchdog-sys/", "http://www.drjayco.com/tips/88-a-new-bsod-watchdogsys.html", "http://2-windowserrors.com/what-is-watchdog-sys-how-to-fix-watchdog-sys-error/", "http://www.runscanner.net/lib/watchdog.sys.html" ] }

[ "WatchDog.sys is a vital system file used by the Microsoft DOS and operating systems, basically every Windows computer has this file, it contains codes for the hardware device drivers in your computer to execute properly, and that explains why WatchDog.sys error has such big impact over the system. 1 Click Accessories System Tools System restore. 2 Click the option of “ Restore My Computer to An Earlier Time ” and click Next button. 3 Select a restore point which you believe is previous to the error happening and click Next button again." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "The easiest way to open a BAK file is to double-click on it and let your PC decide which default application should open the file. If no program opens the BAK file then you probably don't have an application installed that can view and/or edit BAK files. 1 Open the BAK file in its default program and choose to save the open file as another file format. 2 Use a File Conversion Online Service or Software Program to convert the BAK file to", "Backup file type. The bak File extension is for a long time used for backups. Generally a *.bak file is a backup of original file, when the original extension is renamed to somename .bak. So, to restore original file, rename file to its original extension, if you know it, that is", "Backup file. BAK is a file extension for a file format typically used when creating a backup copy of a file. Normally, a BAK file is created as an automatic backup when an application is editing or making changes to the file in question. Certain database applications use BAK files when making a backup copy of their database. Mozilla Firefox also uses “bookmarks.bak” file to make an automated bookmarks backup.", "Since we said that a .bak file can be created by different software systems and if you do not have any information about the origin of the file or the program that it was created from, then you need to pass through some additional steps in order to get the information from the backup file. You can find a more detailed list of software products which can create .bak files, here. Since this file-name extension is used for backup files of any type and there is no standard format which creates a .bak file, each program can create its own format of a backup, with the same .bak extension.", "Tip: Use Notepad or another text editor to open the BAK file. Many files are text-only files meaning no matter the file extension, a text editor may be able to properly display the file's contents. This may or may not be the case with BAK files but it's worth a try. 1 Open the BAK file in its default program and choose to save the open file as another file format. 2 Use a File Conversion Online Service or Software Program to convert the BAK file to", "A large number of applications and computer processes use the .bak extension to create backups of documents that the program is creating. The .bak file extension is a common file extension for the files that are created by the auto-save features that are found in many computer applications. For example, when you are editing a document in Microsoft Word and the auto-save feature kicks in, a .bak file will be created. Files with the .bak extension are also commonly created before your computer begins to execute a complex operation, ensuring your data will be restored if something happens during the process. These files are normally automatically deleted by the application that created them when the file is no longer need", "In DOS systems, a file with a.BAK extension, indicating that the file is a backup. Many applications produce BAK files as part of their autosave procedure. Periodically, you may want to search for BAK files and delete old ones. ", "In computing, .bak is a filename extension commonly used to signify a backup copy of a file. When a program is about to overwrite an existing file (for example, when the user saves the document he or she is working on), the program may first make a copy of the existing file, with. appended to the filename. This common." ], "url": [ "http://pcsupport.about.com/od/fileextensions/f/bakfile.htm", "http://www.file-extensions.org/bak-file-extension", "http://whatis.techtarget.com/fileformat/BAK-Backup-file", "https://sqlbak.com/blog/export-data-from-a-bak-file-to-excel/", "http://pcsupport.about.com/od/fileextensions/f/bakfile.htm", "http://file.org/extension/bak", "http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/B/BAK_file.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bak_file" ] }

[ "In computing, .bak is a filename extension commonly used to signify a backup copy of a file. When a program is about to overwrite an existing file (for example, when the user saves the document he or she is working on), the program may first make a copy of the existing file, with. appended to the filename. This common." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "A: The degree that you need to be a detective can be a minimum of a high school diploma, GED or, preferably, an associate's degree in a subject related to law, criminal justice, forensics, crime scene investigation or legal studies. A: To become a narcotics detective, you will have to gain work experience in a police department first. You must fulfill all the requirements to become a police officer before you can be placed as a narcotics detective. You must be a U.S. citizen and above the age of 21.", "A: The amount of time it will take to complete a private investigator degree depends on the level of education you are looking to get. A basic certification can take as little as 6 months and as much as a year. Diplomas take from 1-2 years to complete. A: In order to become a Private Investigator, you need to have detailed knowledge about the American legal system, criminal law and law enforcement. A bachelor's degree in Criminal Justice may enable you to work as a Private Investigator in a law firm. You may also need a license for this field.", "A: To become a private investigator, you must have a college education. Although there are no specific academic programs for this field, it is recommended that you study areas such as criminal justice, law, investigation, or business administration. A: In order to become a Private Investigator, you need to have detailed knowledge about the American legal system, criminal law and law enforcement. A bachelor's degree in Criminal Justice may enable you to work as a Private Investigator in a law firm. You may also need a license for this field.", "4. Get work at a private detective agency. This is typically the first step before you can go out on your own. Most of these agencies are small, without much room for advancement, and they do not have definite steps or ranks that you can follow to move up in your career. Gain work experience. Once you've become a police officer, you'll need to put in your best effort for at least three years before you're even eligible for a detective position. You'll need to let your superiors know that you want to be kept in mind for a promotion and that you're interested in being a detective.", "The city I live in does it this way, and students are paid $600 a week while in school. Other than that you can attend a police academy at a local community college. Just as a reference point, a community college in my city offers the training for $2600. It costs $98,000 per officer for both. The costs of the police academy are paid by the department. About 15% of the cadets or probationary officers quit before the end of training.", "Best Answer: Our academy for a brand new officer is 22 weeks long, followed by 12 weeks of field training. It costs $98,000 per officer for both. The costs of the police academy are paid by the department. About 15% of the cadets or probationary officers quit before the end of training. 6,500 people applied for our class that begins in January. They only plan to hire 55", "If you choose to get your criminal justice degree at a community college, you’ll pay about $80 per credit. Compare that to private school tuition, which runs about $900 per credit. You’ll need about 60 credits to complete an associate degree and 120 credits to complete a bachelor’s degree. At $80 per community college credit, a criminal justice degree costs about $2,500 each year. Public, four-year colleges cost $7,000 for in-state students and $19,000 for out-of-state students. As you can see, attending public school close to home can save you a good $12,000. ", "A detective, sometimes referred to as an investigator, normally works with a law enforcement agency. Step 1: Earn a College Degree. Detectives usually begin their careers as police officers. Although a GED or high school diploma may be all that's required for some police officer positions, many agencies require a college degree in criminal justice, law enforcement or a related field.", "Unfortunately, there's no perfect formula for figuring out how much college will cost. The costs for things like tuition and books change every semester and depend on the college or university that you select. Tuition and fees can range from $2,000 to more than $25,000 per year. Community colleges usually offer the least expensive tuition costs, but many four-year colleges and universities provide a great deal, especially for resident or in-state students. To get a sense of how much your degree or certificate will cost you, do one of the following" ], "url": [ "http://www.excite.com/education/criminal-justice/careers/how-to-become-a-detective", "http://www.excite.com/education/criminal-justice/law-enforcement-policing-investigation/careers/how-to-become-a-private-investigator", "http://www.excite.com/education/criminal-justice/law-enforcement-policing-investigation/careers/how-to-become-a-private-investigator", "http://www.wikihow.com/Become-a-Detective", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100822130735AAsXUhL", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100822130735AAsXUhL", "http://www.collegesurfing.com/blog/how-much-does-criminal-justice-degree-cost/", "http://study.com/become_a_detective.html", "http://www.aie.org/pay-for-college/understand-college-costs/how-much-will-college-cost-me.cfm" ] }

[ "If you choose to get your criminal justice degree at a community college, you’ll pay about $80 per credit. Compare that to private school tuition, which runs about $900 per credit. You’ll need about 60 credits to complete an associate degree and 120 credits to complete a bachelor’s degree. At $80 per community college credit, a criminal justice degree costs about $2,500 each year. Public, four-year colleges cost $7,000 for in-state students and $19,000 for out-of-state students. As you can see, attending public school close to home can save you a good $12,000. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Some Kuchen's use just a Streusal topping, while other's have a custard filling, like Bienenstich Kuchen. Basic Kuchen Dough Recipe. This is the basic Sweet Dough to make a kuchen. It is a rich sweet dough with eggs and butter but not too sweet. Another characteristic is that it has grated lemon peel in it.", "Kuchen is a tasty dessert with a dough crust and custard filling. Usually fruit is found in kuchen, but cheese or sugar can be used instead. It is normally topped with cinnamon. Although it is most commonly thought of as a dessert, it can also be eaten as a snack or breakfast food.", "Kuchen. Kuchen is a tasty dessert with a dough crust and custard filling. Usually fruit is found in kuchen, but cheese or sugar can be used instead. It is normally topped with cinnamon. Although it is most commonly thought of as a dessert, it can also be eaten as a snack or breakfast food.", "Grandmother's Kuchen. Giora Shimoni. Kuchen means cake in German, and refers to a variety of cakes. This kuchen, which was my grandmother's recipe, is a coffee cake with veins and pockets of baked-in cinnamon and sugar.", "Kuchen. Kuchen was designated the official state dessert of South Dakota in 2000. Kuchen is the German word for cake and is used to describe a variety of different types of sweet desserts and pastries." ], "url": [ "http://www.kitchenproject.com/german/recipes/Kuchen/index.htm", "http://www.eurekasd.com/Unique/kuchen.htm", "http://www.eurekasd.com/Unique/kuchen.htm", "http://kosherfood.about.com/od/desserts/r/kuchen1.htm", "http://www.statesymbolsusa.org/symbol-official-item/south-dakota/state-food-agriculture-symbol/kuchen" ] }

[ "Grandmother's Kuchen. Giora Shimoni. Kuchen means cake in German, and refers to a variety of cakes. This kuchen, which was my grandmother's recipe, is a coffee cake with veins and pockets of baked-in cinnamon and sugar." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "1 For naproxen controlled-release tablet (e.g., Naprelan®) dosage form: 2 For rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis: 3 Adults—At first, 750 milligrams (mg) (taken as one 750 mg or two 375 mg tablets) or 1000 mg (taken as two 500 mg tablets) once a day. 1 Adults—550 milligrams (mg) for the first dose, then 550 mg every 12 hours or 275 mg every 6 to 8 hours as needed. 2 Your doctor may increase the dose, if necessary, up to a total of 1375 mg per day. 3 Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.", "If you are using over-the-counter naproxen sodium products (such as Aleve), you should follow the instructions on the label. Do not exceed the recommended over-the-counter doses (one tablet or 220 mg, twice a day), and do not take naproxen sodium for more than ten days, unless your healthcare provider recommends it. The recommended starting dosage of naproxen sodium for most people with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, or ankylosing spondylitis is 275 mg or 550 mg, twice a day.", "The right Naproxen dosage. Naproxen dosage recommendations for treating pain in osteoarthritis, vary between 500 mg and 1000 mg daily. The maximum Naproxen dosage per day is 1500 mg. In order to avoid any stomach upset is better to take your daily dosage of Naproxen after meals or with a glass of milk. The best dosage for arthritis is the same as in case of osteoarthritis, and it ranges between 500 mg to", "For Adults, the minimum is 275.0 mg, maximum is 1650.0 mg, Pediatric Dosages are, minimum 5.0 mg/kg, maximum = 21.0 mg/kg The safety and efficacy of this drug has not been established in children 2 years or younger. The dosage for adults assumes this maximum will not be exceeded within 24 hours of the maximum dosage. Generally, this means that adults should not take more than three capsules total within 24 hours of the first dose. It doesn't matter how you obtain the ibuprofen, OTC or prescription, the maximum is the same.1200 is safe, more should be monitered, like by a doctor, maybe.Actually, no one should be taking 2000mg of ibuprofen. The OTC dosage is 400mg, and the prescription dosage is 800mg.", "The recommended nonprescription dosage for most people over age 12 is naproxen sodium 220 mg taken by mouth every 8 to 12 hours as needed. The daily dose should not exceed 660 mg for people under 65 years of age. If you are over age 65, the recommended dose is naproxen sodium 220 mg taken by mouth every 12 hours as needed. The daily dose should not exceed 440 mg for people over 65 years of age.", "Naproxen Dosage. What is the right Naproxen dosage is a very common question for everyone using this medicine. Naproxen can be found on the market under different brand names and in several forms, and is available as 250 mg, 375 mg or 500 mg tablets. The maximum Naproxen dosage per day is 1500 mg. In order to avoid any stomach upset is better to take your daily dosage of Naproxen after meals or with a glass of milk.", "Dose of Naproxen Sodium for Acute Pain For acute pain relief or treatment of painful menstrual periods, the usual naproxen sodium dosing for an adult (over age 18) is 220 mg to 550 mg, twice a day. The maximum recommended daily dosage is 1100 mg per day. The recommended starting dosage of naproxen sodium for most people with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, or ankylosing spondylitis is 275 mg or", "Aleve (® Bayer Healthcare) is an over-the-counter (OTC) brand of the drug Naproxen Sodium and is classified as a Non-Steroidal,Anti-Inflammatory Drug or NSAID. According to the manufacturer's recommendations, the minimum and maximum oral dosages are as follows... It doesn't matter how you obtain the ibuprofen, OTC or prescription, the maximum is the same.1200 is safe, more should be monitered, like by a doctor, maybe.Actually, no one should be taking 2000mg of ibuprofen. The OTC dosage is 400mg, and the prescription dosage is 800mg.", "You should take one tablet every 8 to 10 hours until symptoms abate, although for the first dose you may take two tablets. The maximum adult dose is two tablets within an 8 to 10 hour period and three tablets within a 24-hour period. Aleve should not be taken for longer than 10 days unless recommended by your doctor. You should only give Aleve to a child under 12 years old if recommended by a doctor. " ], "url": [ "http://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/naproxen-oral-route/proper-use/DRG-20069820", "http://arthritis.emedtv.com/naproxen-sodium/naproxen-sodium-dosage.html", "http://www.nsaidslist.com/naproxen-dosage/", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_maximum_daily_dosage_of_Aleve", "http://arthritis.emedtv.com/naproxen/naproxen-dosage.html", "http://www.nsaidslist.com/naproxen-dosage/", "http://arthritis.emedtv.com/naproxen-sodium/naproxen-sodium-dosage.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_maximum_daily_dosage_of_Aleve", "https://www.sharecare.com/health/nonsteroidal-anti-inflammatory-drugs/what-maximum-daily-dosage-aleve" ] }

[ "You should take one tablet every 8 to 10 hours until symptoms abate, although for the first dose you may take two tablets. The maximum adult dose is two tablets within an 8 to 10 hour period and three tablets within a 24-hour period. Aleve should not be taken for longer than 10 days unless recommended by your doctor. You should only give Aleve to a child under 12 years old if recommended by a doctor. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "caito name meaning and Name Origin. caito is vey popular for last name babies name and its popularity ranking is very high in all the years ranging from 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013. caito is not a popular first name but a very popular surname or last name for all people.", "Caito Immigration to the US by Year You can find out when most of the Caito families immigrated to the United States. You can focus your search to immigration records dating from that era. Name History and Origin for Caito Naming patterns can help you learn more about your family s cultural and ethnic background. The Family Facts archive, with its rich historical information, can tell you everything from the lifespan of your ancestors to the very meaning of your last name. Every time you find a fact, we'll tell you what it means. Caito Origin and Immigration", "Web Sites. Caito Genealogy. Welcome to some of the best Caito genealogy resources found on the web. We hope you will participate on the Caito forums, it is a great place to find or post information on Caito genealogy and is completely free to participate. We have collected some of the best resources from across the web to do research on Caito history, Caito ancestory, and Caito family connections.", "Top Places of Origin for Caito You can find out where the majority of Caito families were living before they immigrated to the U.S. You can learn where to focus your search for foreign records. Ports of Departure for Caito You can pinpoint where the majority of Caito families booked passage to the US. The Family Facts archive, with its rich historical information, can tell you everything from the lifespan of your ancestors to the very meaning of your last name. Every time you find a fact, we'll tell you what it means. Caito Origin and Immigration", "You can find out where the majority of the Caito families were living before they immigrated to the U.S and learn where to focus your search for foreign records. Immigration records can tell you an ancestor's name, ship name, port of departure, port of arrival, and destination. from the New York Passenger Lists. You can find out when most of the Caito families immigrated to the United States. You can focus your search to immigration records dating from that era. Immigration records can tell you an ancestor's name, ship name, port of departure, port of arrival", "Click on a circle in the chart to view Caito birth and death records. An unusually short lifespan might indicate that your ancestors lived in harsh conditions. A short lifespan might also indicate health problems that were once prevalent in your family. The SSDI is a searchable database of more than 70 million names. You can find out when most of the Caito families immigrated to the United States. You can focus your search to immigration records dating from that era. Immigration records can tell you an ancestor's name, ship name, port of departure, port of arrival and destination.", "last name Boy. caito is vey popular for last name babies name and its popularity ranking is very high in all the years ranging from 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013. caito is not a popular first name but a very popular surname or last name for all people.", "Cato /cato/ [2 sylls.] as a boys' name (also used as girls' name Cato) is of Latin origin, and the meaning of Cato is all-knowing. Cato the Elder, born Marcus Portius, was a high-minded Roman statesman of the time of Julius Caesar. Kreatif forms: Cacato, Catoca, Clato. [ more ]. Cato is an uncommonly occurring first name for males but a very prominent surname for both adults and children (#4125 out of 150436, Top 3%). (2000 U.S. Census). Marco (#308 a year ago) , Marcus (#158) and Markus (#737) are the prominent variation forms of Cato (unlisted) .", "Popularity of caito. caito is vey popular for last name babies name and its popularity ranking is very high in all the years ranging from 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013. caito is not a popular first name but a very popular surname or last name for all people." ], "url": [ "http://www.trc6.com/names/caito.html", "http://www.surnameweb.org/Caito/surname-origin.htm", "http://surnames.meaning-of-names.com/genealogy/caito/", "http://www.surnameweb.org/Caito/surname-origin.htm", "http://www.ancestry.com/name-origin?surname=caito", "http://www.ancestry.com/name-origin?surname=caito", "http://www.trc6.com/names/caito.html", "http://www.thinkbabynames.com/meaning/1/Cato", "http://www.trc6.com/names/caito.html" ] }

[ "caito name meaning and Name Origin. caito is vey popular for last name babies name and its popularity ranking is very high in all the years ranging from 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013. caito is not a popular first name but a very popular surname or last name for all people." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Granite differs from granodiorite in that at least 35% of the feldspar in granite is alkali feldspar as opposed to plagioclase; it is the potassium feldspar that gives many granites a distinctive pink color. Granites can be predominantly white, pink, or gray in color, depending on their mineralogy. The word granite comes from the Latin granum, a grain, in reference to the coarse-grained structure of such a holocrystalline rock. By definition, granite is an igneous rock with at least 20% quartz and up to 65% alkali feldspar by volume", "Classification of granites according their magmatic origin results in the formation of two contrasting groups, S-types and I-types. S-types result from the partial melting of metasedimentary source rocks, a process called anatexis or ultrametamorphism. S-type granites com from a source which has been subjected to this sedimentary fractionation. Hine et al (1978) used the Kosciusko Batholith to illustrate chemical differences between S-type and I-type granites. A Na2O/K2O plot of the Kosciusko batholith illustrates the fundamental chemical difference", "Granite /ˈɡraenɨt/ ˈɡrænɨt is a common type of felsic intrusive igneous rock that is granular and phaneritic in. Texture granites can be predominantly, white, pink or gray in, color depending on their. mineralogy Granites can be predominantly white, pink, or gray in color, depending on their mineralogy. The word granite comes from the Latin granum, a grain, in reference to the coarse-grained structure of such a holocrystalline rock. By definition, granite is an igneous rock with at least 20% quartz and up to 65% alkali feldspar by volume.", "A-type granites: magma sources and their contribution to the growth of the continental crust Eby, G.N. A-type granites are emplaced in either within plate anorogenic settings or in the final stages of an orogenic event (sometimes referred to as post-orogenic). Loiselle and Wones (1979) added the last letter, A, of the alphabet soup. The A-type (the A denoting anorogenic and/or anhydrous) granitoids occurred along rift zones and within stable continental blocks. The identification of A-type granitoids was based on both tectonic setting and chemical characteristics.", "1 I-type Granites. 2 I-type granites are granites considered to have formed by melting of an original igneous type source. 3 These are generally metaluminous granites, expressed mineralogically by the absence of peraluminous minerals and the absence of peralkaline minerals, as discussed below. A wide variety of igneous rocks occur in the continental lithosphere, a reflection of its heterogeneous nature compared to oceanic lithosphere. In addition, because the continents are not subducted and are subject to uplift and erosion, older plutonic rocks are both preserved and accessible to study.", "Chappell and White distinguish S-type and I-type granites using numerous chemical parameters. I-types have relatively high sodium, Na2O greater than 3.2% , in felsic varieties, decreasing to more than 2.2% in mafic types. S-type granites com from a source which has been subjected to this sedimentary fractionation. Hine et al (1978) used the Kosciusko Batholith to illustrate chemical differences between S-type and I-type granites. A Na2O/K2O plot of the Kosciusko batholith illustrates the fundamental chemical difference", "The term granitic means granite-like and is applied to granite and a group of intrusive igneous rocks with similar textures and slight variations on composition and origin. Granites can be predominantly white, pink, or gray in color, depending on their mineralogy. The word granite comes from the Latin granum, a grain, in reference to the coarse-grained structure of such a holocrystalline rock. By definition, granite is an igneous rock with at least 20% quartz and up to 65% alkali feldspar by volume", "It has been shown that the crustal S-type granites are compositionally restricted and the mantle I-type granites are compositionally expanded (Chappell and White, 1974). This is reflected by marked differences in geochemical parameters. S-type granites com from a source which has been subjected to this sedimentary fractionation. Hine et al (1978) used the Kosciusko Batholith to illustrate chemical differences between S-type and I-type granites. A Na2O/K2O plot of the Kosciusko batholith illustrates the fundamental chemical difference" ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granite", "http://www.geologynet.com/granitetypes.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granite", "http://faculty.uml.edu/Nelson_Eby/Research/A-type%20granites/A-type%20granites.htm", "http://www.tulane.edu/~sanelson/geol212/cont_lithosphere.htm", "http://www.geologynet.com/granitetypes.htm", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granite", "http://www.geologynet.com/granitetypes.htm" ] }

[ "1 I-type Granites. 2 I-type granites are granites considered to have formed by melting of an original igneous type source. 3 These are generally metaluminous granites, expressed mineralogically by the absence of peraluminous minerals and the absence of peralkaline minerals, as discussed below. A wide variety of igneous rocks occur in the continental lithosphere, a reflection of its heterogeneous nature compared to oceanic lithosphere. In addition, because the continents are not subducted and are subject to uplift and erosion, older plutonic rocks are both preserved and accessible to study." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "The Russell Sage study also examined net worth at the 95th percentile. (For households at that level, 95 percent of the population had less wealth.) It found that for this well-do-do slice of the population, household net worth increased 14 percent over the same 10 years. Their net worth is greater than or equal to that of 95 percent of all households, not greater than 94 percent. A version of this article appears in print on July 27, 2014, on page BU6 of the New York edition with the headline: The Typical Household, Now Worth a Third Less.", "Family net worth plummets nearly 40%. Income and net worth fell from 2007 to 2010. NEW YORK (CNNMoney) -- The average American family's net worth dropped almost 40% between 2007 and 2010, according to a triennial study released Monday by the Federal Reserve.", "Average net worth for the top 10% of households by income was $3.3 million in 2013, the survey found. That's more than five times the average wealth of the next 10% of households: $631,400. Fed Chair Janet Yellen highlighted the dearth of assets for lower-and middle-income families in a speech Thursday. She noted that the bottom fifth of American households had a median net worth of just $6,400 in 2013. Many had no or negative net worth. The next fifth had a median net worth of just $27,900.", "That is why median net worth and average net worth is different. If four people have $5 and 2 people have $6 and three people have $7 and one person has $1,000,000, the average worth of the group is $100,000.30/person. Whoo hoo everyone is rich! Posted by Financial Samurai 144 Comments. According to The Wall Street Journal, the average net worth per person in America was $182,000 back in 2010. Then came a 2014 Credit Suisse survey highlighting the average net worth in America is a whopping $301,000 (see pic)!", "Again, these people skew our average upward. The typical (median, or 50th percentile) millionaire household has a net worth of $1.6 million. * On average, our total annual realized income is less than 7 percent of our wealth. In other words, we live on less than 7 percent of our wealth. * Most of us (97 percent) are homeowners. ", "Ten years later, it was just $56,335, a decline of 36 percent, according to a study by the Russell Sage Foundation. But even as the average American household’s wealth declined, the net worth of wealthy households increased substantially. ", "Household net worth fell from 2007 to 2009 by a total of $17.5 trillion or 25.5%. This was the equivalent loss of one year of GDP. By the fourth quarter of 2010, the household net worth had recovered by a growth of 1.3 percent to a total of $56.8 trillion. An additional growth of 15.7 percent is needed just to bring the value to where it was before the recession started in December 2007. For example, a household in possession of an $800,000 house, $5,000 in mutual funds, $30,000 in cars, $20,000 worth of stock in their own company, and a $45,000 IRA would have assets totaling $900,000.", "Where Americans stash their wealth. Americans have gotten poorer over the past decade. The median net worth of American households came in at $68,828 in 2011, down from $81,821 in 2000 (in inflation-adjusted dollars) and far below the peak of $108,585 in 2005, according to recently released Census Bureau stats. The composition of that wealth has changed over time. ", "The typical American household has been getting poorer, too. The inflation-adjusted net worth for the typical household was $87,992 in 2003. Ten years later, it was only $56,335, or a 36 percent decline, according to a study financed by the Russell Sage Foundation. Their net worth is greater than or equal to that of 95 percent of all households, not greater than 94 percent. A version of this article appears in print on July 27, 2014, on page BU6 of the New York edition with the headline: The Typical Household, Now Worth a Third Less." ], "url": [ "http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/27/business/the-typical-household-now-worth-a-third-less.html", "http://money.cnn.com/2012/06/11/news/economy/fed-family-net-worth/index.htm", "http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/personalfinance/2014/09/18/stock-gains-lift-us-household-wealth-to-a-record/15830331/", "http://www.financialsamurai.com/average-net-worth-is-huge/", "https://www.nytimes.com/books/first/s/stanley-millionaire.html", "http://time.com/3042924/american-wealth-inequality/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wealth_in_the_United_States", "http://economy.money.cnn.com/2013/03/22/american-householdwealth/", "http://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/27/business/the-typical-household-now-worth-a-third-less.html" ] }

[ "Average net worth for the top 10% of households by income was $3.3 million in 2013, the survey found. That's more than five times the average wealth of the next 10% of households: $631,400. Fed Chair Janet Yellen highlighted the dearth of assets for lower-and middle-income families in a speech Thursday. She noted that the bottom fifth of American households had a median net worth of just $6,400 in 2013. Many had no or negative net worth. The next fifth had a median net worth of just $27,900." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Your bone marrow is responsible for producing red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets (cells responsible for clotting). Hemolytic anemia is a condition that involves only the red blood cells. When old red blood cells die, the bone marrow produces new ones to maintain balance. Hemolytic anemia occurs when red blood cells die sooner than the bone marrow can produce them. The scientific term for red blood cell destruction is hemolysis. ", "Hemolytic anemia is a disorder in which the red blood cells are destroyed faster than the bone marrow can produce them. The term for destruction of red blood cells is hemolysis. There are two types of hemolytic anemia, intrinsic and extrinsic: The destruction of the red blood cells is due to a defect within the red blood cells themselves. Intrinsic hemolytic anemias are often inherited, such as sickle cell anemia and thalassemia. These conditions produce red blood cells that do not live as long as normal red blood cells.", "Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (or autoimmune haemolytic anaemia; AIHA) occurs when antibodies directed against the person's own red blood cells (RBCs) cause them to burst (lyse), leading to insufficient plasma concentration. ", "Hemolytic anemia (HEE-moh-lit-ick uh-NEE-me-uh) is a condition in which red blood cells are destroyed and removed from the bloodstream before their normal lifespan is over. Red blood cells are disc-shaped and look like doughnuts without holes in the center. Hemolytic anemia is a type of anemia. The term anemia usually refers to a condition in which the blood has a lower than normal number of red blood cells.", "Hemolytic anemia. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Hemolytic anemia is a form of anemia due to hemolysis, the abnormal breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs), either in the blood vessels (intravascular hemolysis) or elsewhere in the human body (extravascular). It has numerous possible causes, ranging from relatively harmless to life-threatening. ", "Haemolytic anaemia is brought on by the accelerated damage of red blood cells, which is when they are broken up before completion of their 120 day lifespan. When red blood cells become damaged this in turn means that the body is unable to produce a sufficient amount to substitute those destroyed. Haemoglobin is a protein rich in iron and responsible for carrying oxygen around the body. It also gives red blood cells their colour. Anaemia is a common condition and is brought on when the body carries an insufficient quantity of red blood cells or deficient haemoglobin.", "Hemolytic anemia occurs when the bone marrow is unable to replace the red blood cells that are being destroyed. Immune hemolytic anemia occurs when the immune system mistakenly sees your own red blood cells as foreign substances. Antibodies then develop against the red blood cells. Anemia is a condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells provide oxygen to body tissues. Normally, red blood cells last for about 120 days in the body. In hemolytic anemia, red blood cells in the blood are destroyed earlier than normal.", "Anemia is a condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells provide oxygen to body tissues. Normally, red blood cells last for about 120 days before the body gets rid of them. In hemolytic anemia, red blood cells in the blood are destroyed earlier than normal. Hemolytic anemia occurs when the bone marrow is unable to replace the red blood cells that are being destroyed. Immune hemolytic anemia occurs when the immune system mistakenly sees your own red blood cells as foreign substances. Antibodies then develop against the red blood cells.", "Red blood cells have a normal life span of approximately 90-120 days, at which time the old cells are destroyed and replaced by the body's natural processes. Hemolytic anemia is a disorder in which the red blood cells are destroyed prematurely. The cells are broken down at a faster rate than the bone marrow can produce new cells. Hemoglobin, the component of red blood cells that carries oxygen, is released when these cells are destroyed. " ], "url": [ "http://www.healthline.com/health/hemolytic-anemia", "http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/healthlibrary/conditions/hematology_and_blood_disorders/hemolytic_anemia_85,P00076/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoimmune_hemolytic_anemia", "http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/health-topics/topics/ha/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemolytic_anemia", "http://www.medic8.com/blood-disorders/haemolytic-anaemia.htm", "http://umm.edu/health/medical/ency/articles/hemolytic-anemia", "http://www.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/hemolytic-anemia/overview.html", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Hemolytic+anemia" ] }

[ "Hemolytic anemia. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Hemolytic anemia is a form of anemia due to hemolysis, the abnormal breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs), either in the blood vessels (intravascular hemolysis) or elsewhere in the human body (extravascular). It has numerous possible causes, ranging from relatively harmless to life-threatening. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Skin receptors, also called cutaneous receptors, are part of the somatosensory system. They detect pressure, temperature, and vibrations on or around the skin. Cutaneous mechanoreceptors respond to pressure sensations on the skin and include Merkel's corpuscles, Meissner's corpuscles, and bulboid corpuscles. Receptors that detect temperature are made up of free nerve endings on the skin and are called thermoreceptors. Pain receptors on the skin are also free nerve endings called nociceptors. Cutaneous mechanoreceptors are probably the first type of skin receptors that come to mind for most people.", "pressure. The force per unit area exerted by a gas or liquid over a surface in a direction perpendicular to that surface. The SI unit of pressure is the pascal (Pa), although blood pressure and intraocular pressure remain specified in the non-SI unit millimetres of mercury (mmHg). n a pressure to the body–in excess of that which stimulates Meissner's corpuscles, Merkel's disks, or the hair receptors of light touch–that stimulates the deeper receptors such as Pacini's corpuscles. These latter deep-pressure perception organs lie in the inner layers of the dermis and in the muscle and tendon groups.", "pressure. n. 1. the state of pressing or being pressed. 2. the exertion of force by one body on the surface of another. 3. a moral force that compels: to bring pressure to bear. 4. an urgent claim or demand or series of urgent claims or demands: to work under pressure. 5. a burdensome condition that is hard to bear: the pressure of grief. pressure-the pressure exerted by the atmosphere. air pressure, atmospheric pressure. gas pressure-the pressure exerted by a gas. barometric pressure-atmospheric pressure as indicated by a barometer.", "Receptor: 1. In cell biology, a structure on the surface of a cell (or inside a cell) that selectively receives and binds a specific substance. There are many receptors. There is a receptor for (insulin; there is a receptor for low-density lipoproteins (LDL); etc. To take an example, the receptor for substance P, a molecule that acts as a messenger for the sensation of pain, is a unique harbor on the cell surface where substance P docks. Without this receptor, substance P cannot dock and cannot deliver its message of pain.", "Noun. 1. pressure-the force applied to a unit area of surface; measured in pascals (SI unit) or in dynes (cgs unit); the compressed gas exerts an increased pressure. force per unit area, pressure level. physical phenomenon-a natural phenomenon involving the physical properties of matter and energy. pressure-the pressure exerted by the atmosphere. air pressure, atmospheric pressure. gas pressure-the pressure exerted by a gas. barometric pressure-atmospheric pressure as indicated by a barometer.", "A mechanoreceptor is a sensory receptor that responds to mechanical pressure or distortion. Normally there are four main types in glabrous skin: Pacinian corpuscles, Meissner's corpuscles, Merkel's discs, and Ruffini endings. Lamellar corpuscles, or Pacinian corpuscles, are pressure receptors located in the skin and also in various internal organs. Each is connected to a sensory neuron. Because of its relatively large size, a single lamellar corpuscle can be isolated and its properties studied.", "Dermal pressure receptors (DPRs) are dotted sensory pits found on the scales of animals in the Crocodilia order, which includes alligators, caimans, and crocodiles. Animals in the Alligatorinae family of this order only have the pits in the head area, mainly along the jawline, eyes, nose and upper palate. Dermal pressure receptors are not well understood, but it is assumed that their function differs depending on where they are located on the animal's body. Those on the head are very sensitive to the slightest changes in pressure from surrounding water.", "baroreceptor. BARORECEPTOR. A sensory nerve ending stimulated by changes in pressure. Baroreceptors are found in the walls of the cardiac atria, the vena cava, aortic arch. The baroreceptors of the lung are stretch receptors that are stimulated by inflation. ", "1 Pacinian corpuscles are large receptors sensitive to deep pressure and to pulsing or high-frequency vibrations. 2 They are found in the skin, fingers, breasts, and external genitalia, as well as in joint capsules, mesenteries, the pancreas, and walls of the urinary bladder. 1 Free nerve endings are sensitive to touch and pressure. 2 They are situated between epidermal cells and have no apparent differences in structure with those of the free nerve endings that provide temperature or pain sensations. 3 Root hair plexus is made up of free nerve endings to detect hair movement." ], "url": [ "http://www.wisegeek.org/what-are-skin-receptors.htm", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/pressure+receptors", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/pressure+receptors", "http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=5236", "http://www.thefreedictionary.com/pressure+receptors", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanoreceptor", "http://www.wisegeek.com/what-are-dermal-pressure-receptors.htm", "http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/baroreceptor", "http://innvista.com/health/anatomy/other-sensory-receptors/" ] }

[ "pressure. The force per unit area exerted by a gas or liquid over a surface in a direction perpendicular to that surface. The SI unit of pressure is the pascal (Pa), although blood pressure and intraocular pressure remain specified in the non-SI unit millimetres of mercury (mmHg). n a pressure to the body–in excess of that which stimulates Meissner's corpuscles, Merkel's disks, or the hair receptors of light touch–that stimulates the deeper receptors such as Pacini's corpuscles. These latter deep-pressure perception organs lie in the inner layers of the dermis and in the muscle and tendon groups." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "For writing a get well soon message on a card, here are some messages you can use based on two levels of illness. The first group of messages for minor illnesses and the second group for a serious illnesses. For a minor illness, simply send a get well soon message, and let them know you are thinking of them. Here are 15 get well message examples you can use: 1 You are in my thoughts. 2 Hope you get well soon! 3 We miss you here at work. 4 Hope my surprise gives you a reason to smile, and help you feel better", "Greeting card messages can be extremely difficult to write. Staring at the blank spot on a card with nothing to write is common. This can happen whether writing a card message to a friend or family member. Knowing what to write in a card can be especially difficult for some people and in some situations such as a death. Don't spend too much time figuring out what to write. This resource is here to help. Write the best card message you can.", "Dear Ms. Cards Etiquette, My friend from college has a very serious illness. I’d like to send her a get well card, but it seems inappropriate since she may not actually recover from this debilitating disease. I live in Alaska and she lives in Kansas, so visiting her is difficult, and frankly may not happen before the end of her life.", "It could be that I... show more I would like to send a card in the mail to an uncle who is terminally ill, but saying I hope you feel better soon would be strange, and saying I know you're going to die would not be nice. He lives in another country and I would really like to mail this card for him. Next. I would like to send a card in the mail to an uncle who is terminally ill, but saying I hope you feel better soon would be strange, and saying I know you're going to die would not be nice.", "What to Write in a Get Well Card. Writing a get well card message is a great way to help an ill or injured person recover easier if not more quickly. Figuring out what to write can be a challenge. Many cards come with impersonal messages, and those messages may be inadequate in expressing what needs to be said. Writing a get well card message is a great way to help an ill or injured person recover easier if not more quickly. Figuring out what to write can be a challenge", "If you are writing a card when sending a gift to someone with a serious illness you may want to send a comforting thought with it. Following are some things to think about and some examples of things to say. Whether you are sending a card, a gift, or an email, sometimes it is hard to know what to say. A few choice words can really brighten a person’s day and perhaps, if they are seriously ill, can give them hope of recovery. Here are some appropriate words for a serious illness card that say “I am thinking of you”: 1 If I had a flower for every time I thought of you, I would walk forever in my garden. 2 I think about you constantly, whether it's with my mind or my heart. 3 Until the sun comes out again for you, my umbrella is big enough for two", "Special note: some cancers, when removed, aren't life threatening. Find out what the illness is, and get an appropriate card. Also, since she is your stepmother, it would be nice if you send a card every 3 or 4 weeks. You can write in your card, So sorry to hear about your health. You are in my thoughts and my prayers. If you or her are not religious, don't mention prayers. If she is religious, it is a kind gesture. If she likes to do crossword puzzles, word fine, of soduko, pick up a book for her" ], "url": [ "http://www.flowershopdeals.com/guides/card-messages/get-well-soon-message", "http://www.bestcardmessages.com/", "http://blog.cardsdirect.com/uncategorized/what-to-say-when-writing-about-a-serious-illness/", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20070516164809AA2UdvQ", "http://www.bestcardmessages.com/get-well.html", "http://grammar.yourdictionary.com/style-and-usage/appropriate-words-for-a-serious-illness-card.html", "https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090420193218AAVSuKm" ] }

[ "For writing a get well soon message on a card, here are some messages you can use based on two levels of illness. The first group of messages for minor illnesses and the second group for a serious illnesses. For a minor illness, simply send a get well soon message, and let them know you are thinking of them. Here are 15 get well message examples you can use: 1 You are in my thoughts. 2 Hope you get well soon! 3 We miss you here at work. 4 Hope my surprise gives you a reason to smile, and help you feel better" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "2 days if it`s within the state (north-south-east-west). 3 days if it is within a remote area of the same state. If you want it to be priority it will still take 2-3 days. Otherwise across the country it could take 3-5 days. Not including weekends. 1 77% - How long does it take for mail to get arrive from washington state to maryland? 2 84% - How long does it take standard mail to go from state to state? 3 38% - How are out of state mail deliver long distance mail?", "How long does mail take to arrive? on average 3-4 days It also depends on the distance it has to travel. Mailing a letter, using the basic postage stamp, from one town to a town only 20 miles away, can be deliv … ered next day. It depends on where you're mailing it from and where you're mailing it to. I sent letters to Florida from New York and they arrived in 3-4 days. From Florida to New York took 5-7 days.", "How long does it take mail to arrive between two cities that are less than 40 miles apart in the same state? 1-2 days, depends on thew postal service. it depends what time you posted the letter and if it was first class are second, if you posted it before the mail was taken and it was first class it should arrive the next da … y if it was second maby 2-3 days or more.", "Rating Newest Oldest. Best Answer: They usually will receive the letter in a day or two, it just depends on how slow the mail is. But no longer than two days. Source(s): I send letters to my sister all the time from one city to another! Brandyyup · 6 years ago. How long it takes you to mail it is ENTIRELY up to you...! How long it takes to get from there to its destination is a question best directed to the post office you mail it at.", "How long does mail take to arrive? on average 3-4 days It also depends on the distance it has to travel. Mailing a letter, using the basic postage stamp, from one town to a town only 20 miles away, can be deliv … ered next day. However, one state to another? I agree with answer above, average 3-4 days. it depends what time you posted the letter and if it was first class are second, if you posted it before the mail was taken and it was first class it should arrive the next da … y if it was second maby 2-3 days or more.", "January 6, 2012 By Certified Mail Envelopes. Plan on 3 to 5 business days unless you send it Priority Mail 2 or 3 day service. USPS Certified Mail provides the mailer a receipt or ‘proof of mailing’ and evidence of delivery when the letter is delivered. It does not guarantee an exact delivery time because someone must sign for each letter. This reminder informs them a USPS Certified Mail letter is being held at the local Post Office for pick-up. They must go to the Post Office to Sign for the letter and pick it up. If no one picks up the letter after five to seven days, USPS attempts a second delivery.", "Timeframe. The United States Postal Services reports that as of January 2011, it takes an average of one to three days for First-Class Mail to arrive at its destination. Priority Mail takes an average of one to two days to arrive, according to the USPS. USPS only includes the time a package stays in transit in their estimations. Packages dropped off at a post office during business hours usually leave that day. Packages dropped off after hours may take an additional day", "Most Priority Mail takes about 2-3 days depending on the distance. In this case, since the distance from California to West Virginia would be nearly crossing the whole of … United States, you can expect it to arrive at around 3 days. It depends on where you're mailing it from and where you're mailing it to. I sent letters to Florida from New York and they arrived in 3-4 days. From Florida to New York took 5-7 days." ], "url": [ "http://www.goftp.com/qna/How_long_does_it_take_mail_to_arrive_from_state_to_state-qna101134.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_it_take_mail_to_arrive_from_another_state", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_a_letter_mailed_within_the_same_state_take_to_arrive", "https://sg.answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20091021171713AAypqVt", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_a_letter_mailed_within_the_same_state_take_to_arrive", "http://www.certified-mail-envelopes.com/how-long-does-it-take-usps-to-deliver-a-certified-letter/", "http://smallbusiness.chron.com/long-priority-mail-first-class-mail-take-12165.html", "http://www.answers.com/Q/How_long_does_it_take_mail_to_arrive_from_another_state" ] }

[ "How long does mail take to arrive? on average 3-4 days It also depends on the distance it has to travel. Mailing a letter, using the basic postage stamp, from one town to a town only 20 miles away, can be deliv … ered next day. It depends on where you're mailing it from and where you're mailing it to. I sent letters to Florida from New York and they arrived in 3-4 days. From Florida to New York took 5-7 days." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "1 Full text of Executive Order 9981 from the Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum. 2 Integration of the Armed Forces, 1940-1965 (Defense Studies Series) by Morris J. MacGregor, Jr., from the United States Army Center of Military History. Most of the actual enforcement of the order was accomplished by President Dwight D. Eisenhower's administration (1953-1961), including the desegregation of military schools, hospitals, and bases. The last of the all-black units in the United States military was abolished in September 1954.", "President Truman had been examining the issue of segregation in the armed forces since at least 1947, when he appointed the President's Committee on Civil Rights. By January 1948, internal White House memos indicated that the President was determined to end military segregation by executive order. This Day in Truman History July 26, 1948 President Truman issues Executive Order No. 9981 Desegregating the Military.", "Primary Resources: Desegregation of the Armed Forces, 1948. Truman makes desegregation of the armed forces an official government policy. Executive Order. Establishing the President's Committee on Equality of Treatment and Opportunity in the Armed Services. ", "Although African Americans have served on the frontlines of combat for the U.S. since the Revolutionary War, it took President Harry Truman’s 1948 Executive Order to address and order an end to racial discrimination within the ranks of every branch of the U.S. armed forces. Desegregation of US Military. “There shall be equality of treatment and opportunity for all persons in the armed services without regard to race, color, religion or national origin…” - Executive Order 9981.", "Executive Order 9981 was an executive order issued on July 26, 1948, by President Harry S. Truman. Most of the actual enforcement of the order was accomplished by President Dwight D. Eisenhower's administration (1953-1961), including the desegregation of military schools, hospitals, and bases. The last of the all-black units in the United States military was abolished in September 1954.", "Executive Order 9981: Desegregation of the Armed Forces (1948). In 1940 the U.S. population was about 131 million, 12.6 million of which was African American, or about 10 percent of the total population. During World War II, the Army had become the nation's largest minority employer. ", "April 26, 1948: Sixteen African-American leaders tell Secretary of Defense James V. Forrestal that African-Americans will react strongly unless the armed forces end segregation. May 1948: President Truman's staff considers advising the President to create a committee to oversee the integration of the armed forces. June 26, 1948: A. Philip Randolph announces the formation of the League for Non-Violent Civil Disobedience Against Military Segregation. September 18, 1948: The White House announces the names of the members of the President's Committee on Equality of Treatment and Opportunity in the Armed Services (called the Fahy Committee, after its chairman, Charles Fahy).", "But when President Harry Truman signed an executive order on July 26, 1948, calling for the desegregation of the military, it was the beginning, not the end, of the fight for African-Americans to fight alongside white troops. October 1947 To avoid the political backlash if he failed to act on discrimination in the federal government, President Truman’s political advisors decided that his best move was to issue an executive order “securing the civil rights of both civilian government employees and members of the armed forces.”.", "So instead, Truman used an executive order to end military segregation. Executive Order 9981, signed on July 26, 1948, forbade discriminating against military personnel because of race, color, religion, or national origin. Significance. Sources. Desegregation of the Armed Forces.. The Truman Library. Though a number of whites in the military resisted and racism continued to exist within the armed forces, Executive Order 9981 was the first major blow to segregation, giving hope to African-American activists that change was possible.", "President Harry Truman Wipes Out Military Segregation What s the Main Idea? Object Description Probing Further By Executive Order-- President Truman Wipes Out Segregation in Armed Forces. 1 Harry S. Truman was the first president to issue an executive order to enforce a civil rights issue; 2 Although an executive order had been issued, the process of desegregating the military happened slowly." ], "url": [ "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_Order_9981", "http://www.trumanlibrary.org/anniversaries/desegblurb.htm", "http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/primary-resources/truman-exorder/", "http://www.pbs.org/black-culture/connect/talk-back/executive-order-9981/", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executive_Order_9981", "http://www.ourdocuments.gov/print_friendly.php?flash=true&page=&doc=84&title=Executive+Order+9981%3A+Desegregation+of+the+Armed+Forces+%281948%29", "http://www.trumanlibrary.org/whistlestop/study_collections/desegregation/large/index.php?action=chronology", "http://thegrio.com/2012/05/28/harry-truman-and-the-desegregation-of-the-military-a-timeline/", "http://afroamhistory.about.com/od/civilrightsstruggle1/a/order9981.htm", "http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/odyssey/educate/truman.html" ] }

[ "Primary Resources: Desegregation of the Armed Forces, 1948. Truman makes desegregation of the armed forces an official government policy. Executive Order. Establishing the President's Committee on Equality of Treatment and Opportunity in the Armed Services. " ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1 ], "passage_text": [ "Mastering education. For grade school and high school teachers, however, a master's in education isn't always a smart move, says Startz, who penned the book Profit of Education. If you control for [experience], you make about another $5,000 a year if you get a master's degree, says Startz. The MBA payoff. If you're currently making $100,000, and going to a two-year MBA program for $100,000 is going to land you making $100,000, that doesn't make sense, says von Tobel, who dropped out of Harvard Business School to start LearnVest.", "How much a master’s degree costs depends on several factors. Length of the program is one factor. Most master’s degree programs can be completed in between one to two years. For most, 30 credits are required for graduation. The average cost of an MBA, for example, is $40,000. At most universities, this is what master’s degree graduates will pay. Some institutions have programs for less, and MBA programs at Harvard or Stanford could cost in excess of $120,000.", "Costs. When calculating the cost of your education, bear in mind that you will be paying for more than just tuition. Books, living expenses and fees all add to the total cost of your education. Some schools provide an estimated cost for tuition and other expenses, while others only provide the cost of tuition. The average tuition cost for public (state) schools is around $15,000 (less for residents), while the average cost at a private school is $35,000, and online schools average $18,000. (All figures are as of 2011.)", "The Average Cost of a Masters Degree in Education. A master's degree in education varies in tuition cost, depending on the university... The average tuition cost for public (state) schools is around $15,000 (less for residents), while the average cost at a private school is $35,000, and online schools average $18,000. (All figures are as of 2011.)", "The Basics. The average debt of a master’s degree student upon graduation can range anywhere from $30,000-120,000, according to FinAid.org. When you pursue a master’s degree program, you are increasing your earning potential within your field and making yourself a more desirable candidate to many future employers. ", "A master's degree in education varies in tuition cost, depending on the university you attend. The average tuition cost for public (state) schools is around $15,000 (less for residents), while the average cost at a private school is $35,000, and online schools average $18,000. (All figures are as of 2011.)", "It can also add influence to a resume with a master’s degree from a prestigious institution if not already there at the bachelor’s degree level, so the investment pays off in the long run. According to FinAid.org, the average cost of master’s degree for students is between $30,000 and $120,000. The cost varies depending on the university and the master’s program itself. The cost varies by program as well. The average cost of an MBA, for example, is $40,000. At most universities, this is what master’s degree graduates will pay. Some institutions have programs for less, and MBA programs at Harvard or Stanford could cost in excess of $120,000." ], "url": [ "http://www.usnews.com/education/best-graduate-schools/articles/2013/03/12/calculate-the-return-on-a-masters-degree", "http://www.bestmastersdegrees.com/how-much-does-a-masters-degree-cost", "http://www.ehow.com/about_5637196_average-cost-masters-degree-education.html", "http://www.ehow.com/about_5637196_average-cost-masters-degree-education.html", "http://www.collegesurfing.com/blog/how-much-does-it-cost-get-masters/", "http://www.ehow.com/about_5637196_average-cost-masters-degree-education.html", "http://www.bestmastersdegrees.com/how-much-does-a-masters-degree-cost" ] }

[ "It can also add influence to a resume with a master’s degree from a prestigious institution if not already there at the bachelor’s degree level, so the investment pays off in the long run. According to FinAid.org, the average cost of master’s degree for students is between $30,000 and $120,000. The cost varies depending on the university and the master’s program itself. The cost varies by program as well. The average cost of an MBA, for example, is $40,000. At most universities, this is what master’s degree graduates will pay. Some institutions have programs for less, and MBA programs at Harvard or Stanford could cost in excess of $120,000." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "2. If you want your sunglasses to protect you from these risks, look for pairs that block at least 99% of UVB rays and at least 95% of UVA rays. Also look for the amount of cover the sunglasses provide", "2. Use the shape of your face to help you pick your sunglasses shape. The following face shape matched to sunglasses style is recommended: 1 Oval face: The oval type usually has the perfect face shape, and can wear any style of glasses. 2 Avoid frames that are either too thick or too thin. If you want your sunglasses to protect you from these risks, look for pairs that block at least 99% of UVB rays and at least 95% of UVA rays. Also look for the amount of cover the sunglasses provide", "Glasses from dozens of popular brands are available, and you can narrow your options by searching for regular glasses or sunglasses by type, colors, style and price. A price slider goes from zero to $400+. You can compare up to four frames at a time in a single view, and tap on one of those views for a closer look. But these aren't stationary images. You can swipe to move the 3D rendering of your head from side to side to see how the glasses look from each perspective. On the Lennon-style glasses ($100 on up), which frankly didn't look good on me, you change the power of the lenses by first rolling the dial at each edge of the frame all the way forward. You then cover your right eye, look at an object, and turn the left dial backwards until the object comes into focus.", "Use the shape of your face to help you pick your sunglasses shape. The following face shape matched to sunglasses style is recommended: 1 Oval face: The oval type usually has the perfect face shape, and can wear any style of glasses. If you want your sunglasses to protect you from these risks, look for pairs that block at least 99% of UVB rays and at least 95% of UVA rays. Also look for the amount of cover the sunglasses provide", "Follow the easy-to-use instructions to see how the frames look on your face. You can use your webcam, upload an image from your computer. You can also use one of our models. Once you have chosen your image. ", "Our Try On View is a great way to preview the silhouette of any frame models you are interested trying. With this tool, you can upload your image and virtually try on glasses to see how they will look on your face. You can utilize the Try On View by clicking on the Try On View tab on the product and frame pages.", "The most important part of buying sunglasses is knowing your face shape (you can find yours out by reading my instructions here). Different frames suit different faces. Here’s what works: Oval face: Just like with choosing a haircut, an oval face is the (ahem) “ideal”, meaning that most shapes will suit you. You can also try gently curved square frames. You will look best if the frames aren’t any wider than your cheekbones. Square face: You can reduce the squareness of your face by wearing frames that are soft & curvy while having a strong shape. Cat’s-eye frames are ideal, as are ovals & round shapes.", "Some frame shapes can make the curves and angles of your face look disproportionate, depending on how your face is shaped. When shopping for new frames, start by trying on shapes that are more likely to flatter your face. 1. Look for oval or round frames if you have a square, angular face. Look for a pair with center-set temples or those that connect at the top of the frame. 1 Avoid geometric, square frames that may accentuate the sharp angles of your face.", "You try on several pairs of eyeglasses to see how the frames look on you from multiple angles. Only you're not actually wearing physical glasses but rather examining a lifelike 3D model of your own head on the iPad. Or you are indeed wearing physical glasses. On the Lennon-style glasses ($100 on up), which frankly didn't look good on me, you change the power of the lenses by first rolling the dial at each edge of the frame all the way forward. You then cover your right eye, look at an object, and turn the left dial backwards until the object comes into focus." ], "url": [ "http://www.wikihow.com/Pick-Sunglasses", "http://www.wikihow.com/Pick-Sunglasses", "http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/columnist/baig/2013/07/16/interactive-ways-to-buy-eyeglasses/2520339/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Pick-Sunglasses", "http://www.iframes.com.au/try-me-on/", "http://help.coastal.com/questions/49911-How-Do-I-Know-My-Glasses-Will-Look-Good", "http://galadarling.com/article/choosing-sunglasses-that-suit-you/", "http://www.wikihow.com/Choose-Eye-Glasses", "http://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/columnist/baig/2013/07/16/interactive-ways-to-buy-eyeglasses/2520339/" ] }

[ "Use the shape of your face to help you pick your sunglasses shape. The following face shape matched to sunglasses style is recommended: 1 Oval face: The oval type usually has the perfect face shape, and can wear any style of glasses. If you want your sunglasses to protect you from these risks, look for pairs that block at least 99% of UVB rays and at least 95% of UVA rays. Also look for the amount of cover the sunglasses provide" ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Parkinson's disease is a progressive, chronic brain condition that results from the loss of cells in a region of the brain that controls movement. Parkinson's disease is a common condition of the brain that typically begins in the middle to later part of life. This loss causes a deficiency of a certain brain chemical (dopamine), which causes movement problems. Parkinson's disease is a common condition of the brain that typically begins in the middle to later part of life. It is a progressive condition, meaning that it continues to get worse with time.", "Parkinson's disease belongs to a group of conditions called movement disorders. Movement disorders describe a variety of abnormal body movements that have a neurological basis, and include such conditions as cerebral palsy, ataxia, and Tourette syndrome. According to the Parkinson's Disease Foundation, the economic toll of the disease in the USA is nearly $25 billion annually, including direct and indirect costs. The average annual medication costs for an American with Parkinson's disease is between $2,500 and $10,000.", "A Shortage of Dopamine. Parkinson's disease occurs when nerve cells, or neurons, in an area of the brain that controls movement become impaired and/or die. Normally, these neurons produce an important brain chemical known as dopamine, but when the neurons die or become impaired, they produce less dopamine. This shortage of dopamine causes the movement problems of people with Parkinson's.", "Parkinson's disease (PD, also known as idiopathic or primary parkinsonism, hypokinetic rigid syndrome (HRS), or paralysis agitans) is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system mainly affecting the motor system. The motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease result from the death of dopamine-generating cells in the substantia nigra, a region of the midbrain. The causes of this cell death are poorly understood.", "Parkinson's disease is a progressive nervous system disorder that affects how the person moves, including how they speak and write. Symptoms develop gradually, and may start off with ever-so-slight tremors in one hand. According to the Parkinson's Disease Foundation, the economic toll of the disease in the USA is nearly $25 billion annually, including direct and indirect costs. The average annual medication costs for an American with Parkinson's disease is between $2,500 and $10,000.", "Parkinson's disease results from the loss of brain cells in a region of the brain that controls movement. This loss creates a shortage of dopamine, which is a chemical in the brain called a neurotransmitter. This loss of dopamine results in the problems with movement that are characteristic of Parkinson's disease. This loss causes a deficiency of a certain brain chemical (dopamine), which causes movement problems. Parkinson's disease is a common condition of the brain that typically begins in the middle to later part of life. It is a progressive condition, meaning that it continues to get worse with time.", "Parkinson's disease affects the way you move. It happens when there is a problem with certain nerve cells in the brain. Normally, these nerve cells make an important chemical called dopamine. Dopamine sends signals to the part of your brain that controls movement. ", "In Parkinson's disease, a loss of neurons in the brain results in a reduction of the amount of dopamine, a chemical messenger that helps control muscle movement. Without dopamine, nerve cells cannot properly send messages. Parkinson's disease is a neurological disorder that affects a patient's ability to produce and control body movement. It is chronic (persisting over a long period of time) and progressive (getting worse over time).", "Mayo Clinic in Minnesota has been recognized as the best Neurology & Neurosurgery hospital in the nation for 2015-2016 by U.S. News & World Report. Parkinson's disease is a progressive disorder of the nervous system that affects movement. It develops gradually, sometimes starting with a barely noticeable tremor in just one hand. But while a tremor may be the most well-known sign of Parkinson's disease, the disorder also commonly causes stiffness or slowing of movement. In the early stages of Parkinson's disease, your face may show little or no expression, or your arms may not swing when you walk. Your speech may become soft or slurred." ], "url": [ "http://parkinsons-disease.emedtv.com/parkinson's-disease/parkinson's-disease.html", "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/parkinsons-disease", "http://nihseniorhealth.gov/parkinsonsdisease/whatcausesparkinsonsdisease/01.html", "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parkinson%27s_disease", "http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/parkinsons-disease", "http://parkinsons-disease.emedtv.com/parkinson's-disease/parkinson's-disease.html", "http://www.webmd.com/parkinsons-disease/tc/parkinsons-disease-topic-overview", "http://neuro.memorialhermann.org/conditions-treatments/parkinson-s---movement-disorders/", "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/parkinsons-disease/basics/definition/CON-20028488" ] }

[ "Parkinson's disease results from the loss of brain cells in a region of the brain that controls movement. This loss creates a shortage of dopamine, which is a chemical in the brain called a neurotransmitter. This loss of dopamine results in the problems with movement that are characteristic of Parkinson's disease. This loss causes a deficiency of a certain brain chemical (dopamine), which causes movement problems. Parkinson's disease is a common condition of the brain that typically begins in the middle to later part of life. It is a progressive condition, meaning that it continues to get worse with time." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "I said you can get a pretty good idea how much your closing costs will be by multiplying the loan amount by 3 percent (or 4 - 6 percent in high-cost areas). Let's see how it holds up here. If I multiply $300,000 by .03, I would get $9,000. If I multiply by .04 (4 percent), I would get $12,000. On a $250,000 mortgage loan, this would come out to around $7,500 (250,000 x .03 = 7,500). If you live in a high-cost area like New York or California, you might have to multiply by 5 - 6 percent to get a ballpark figure. Your lender should tell you how much your closing costs are when you apply for the loan.", "Tip: Get the lender to pay the closing costs. If you're short on cash for the closing costs and can't roll the closing costs into the mortgage, some lenders will pay part or all of the closing costs, but in exchange you'll have to pay a higher interest rate on the loan, perhaps 0.25% or 0.50% higher.", "Method 1 of 4: Negotiate with the Seller. Typical closing costs are around 2-5% of the purchase price of the home. So on a $100,000 home, the closing costs will be between $2,000 - $5,000. Add this amount to a typical down payment of 20%, or $20,000, and it is easy to see why a home buyer would want to limit closing costs as much as possible. 1 1 Edit step. Points on a loan are one of the largest closing costs. Loan points are paid to the lender and are equal to 1% of the total loan amount. Points are also known as the loan origination fee. On a $100,000 mortgage 1 Point equals $1,000.", "If you don't have enough cash to pay the closing costs, you can often get the closing costs added to the amount of the loan. For example, if the loan amount is for $150,000, and the closing costs are $4500, you'd add the closing costs to the loan amount so you'd actually be borrowing $154,500 total. This is handy if you're short on cash after making your down payment. If you're short on cash for the closing costs and can't roll the closing costs into the mortgage, some lenders will pay part or all of the closing costs, but in exchange you'll have to pay a higher interest rate on the loan, perhaps 0.25% or 0.50% higher.", "Typically, home buyers will pay between about 2 and 5 percent of the purchase price of their home in closing costs. So, if your home cost $150,000, you might pay between $3,000 and $7,500 in closing costs. On average, buyers pay roughly $3,700 in closing costs, according to a recent survey. Lenders are required by law to give you a good faith estimate (GFE) of what the closing costs on your home will be within three days of when you apply for a loan. Closing costs vary widely based on where you live and the property you buy. Closing costs often include things such as: 1 A fee for running your credit report. 2 A loan origination fee, which lenders charge for processing the loan paperwork for you. 3 Attorney’s fees.", "In my experience, it's more accurate to multiply your loan amount by 3 percent. This will give you a rough idea how much your total closing costs will be. On a $250,000 mortgage loan, this would come out to around $7,500 (250,000 x .03 = 7,500). If you live in a high-cost area like New York or California, you might have to multiply by 5 - 6 percent to get a ballpark figure. Your lender should tell you how much your closing costs are when you apply for the loan. More specifically, they'll give you a written estimate of these costs. But your actual fees could be 5 - 10 percent more than the estimated figure. So you should plan for surprises", "Closing costs. Bankrate.com researchers gathered closing-cost data from 8 to 10 lenders in all states and the District of Columbia. Click a state for a fee-by-fee breakdown of the average closing costs for a mortgage. The states with the highest closing costs in 2015 were Hawaii, New Jersey and Connecticut.", "The average closing costs percentage is usually about 2-5% of the purchase price (e.g., ~$4500 on a $180,000 home), but 1-8% is not uncommon. And to be clear, nobody chooses a specific percentage number—the closing costs will just happen to add up to some percentage. If you're short on cash for the closing costs and can't roll the closing costs into the mortgage, some lenders will pay part or all of the closing costs, but in exchange you'll have to pay a higher interest rate on the loan, perhaps 0.25% or 0.50% higher." ], "url": [ "http://homebuyinginstitute.com/closing_article4.php", "http://michaelbluejay.com/house/closingcosts.html", "http://www.wikihow.com/Cut-Closing-Cost-when-Buying-a-Home", "http://michaelbluejay.com/house/closingcosts.html", "http://www.zillow.com/mortgage-learning/closing-costs/", "http://homebuyinginstitute.com/closing_article4.php", "http://www.bankrate.com/finance/mortgages/closing-costs/united-states.aspx", "http://michaelbluejay.com/house/closingcosts.html" ] }

[ "Typically, home buyers will pay between about 2 and 5 percent of the purchase price of their home in closing costs. So, if your home cost $150,000, you might pay between $3,000 and $7,500 in closing costs. On average, buyers pay roughly $3,700 in closing costs, according to a recent survey. Lenders are required by law to give you a good faith estimate (GFE) of what the closing costs on your home will be within three days of when you apply for a loan. Closing costs vary widely based on where you live and the property you buy. Closing costs often include things such as: 1 A fee for running your credit report. 2 A loan origination fee, which lenders charge for processing the loan paperwork for you. 3 Attorney’s fees." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "I did a quick search and it appears that your strut replacement would be very similar to the two replacements I did on our Subarus at home. Here's a very rough estimate of how I would expect the parts to break down: 1 Struts (rears only): about $180 to $200. 2 Tops and bumpstops: between $0 and $100 (if you bought an all-in-one strut, you don't need these).", "Our recommendation: It is a good idea to replace the strut assemblies every 35,000 miles. You can easily find out if you need new struts by doing a bounce test. Go to the front corner of your car and push down on the front of the car. If your car bounces up and down a few times, it is time to change the strut assembly. 1 Struts are replaced in pairs (front or rear). 2 You may need to take the car to a shop for wheel alignment after this service. 3 A mobile mechanic does not have the machine to align the wheels.", "1 Shock absorbers or struts can cost $25-$350 or more each, depending on the make and model of vehicle and the quality of the part. 2 Although it could cost as much as $1,400 for a set of four, most do-it-yourselfers spend an average of $150-$250 to replace four shocks/struts. Bought rear shocks OEM from Toyota cost $112 but the bushings nuts bolts rubber spacers cost another $100 in parts almost more than the shocks. The install was done by my friend at his house for $180 so the total job cost almost $400.", "Parts: $155 - $304. The average cost for a strut/shock absorber replacement-front is between $315 to $507. Labor costs are estimated between $160 to $203 while parts are priced between $155 to $304. Get a personalized estimate based on your location and specific car", "I can help a little here. The Autozone website shows that the struts cost $50 each for the front, $51 for the rear. If you want to replace the springs, they're $50 each. That … gives you at least some idea of parts cost. Labor, if you have the job done at the shop, will be another story. ", "1 CostHelper readers report paying $250-$850 to have a repair shop replace four shocks, at an average cost of $561; or $700-$1,100 for four struts, at an average cost of $849. Bought rear shocks OEM from Toyota cost $112 but the bushings nuts bolts rubber spacers cost another $100 in parts almost more than the shocks. The install was done by my friend at his house for $180 so the total job cost almost $400.", "1 Although it could cost as much as $1,400 for a set of four, most do-it-yourselfers spend an average of $150-$250 to replace four shocks/struts. Bought rear shocks OEM from Toyota cost $112 but the bushings nuts bolts rubber spacers cost another $100 in parts almost more than the shocks. The install was done by my friend at his house for $180 so the total job cost almost $400.", "The strut assembly, an essential part of your car's suspension system, is attached to the front wheels and is used to absorb road shock, providing a smooth ride. Most cars made after 1995 have shock absorbers in the rear and strut assemblies in the front suspension. 1 Struts are replaced in pairs (front or rear). 2 You may need to take the car to a shop for wheel alignment after this service. 3 A mobile mechanic does not have the machine to align the wheels." ], "url": [ "http://mechanics.stackexchange.com/questions/3380/cost-of-replacing-struts-on-a-99-camry-and-is-it-doable-on-our-own", "https://www.yourmechanic.com/services/strut-assembly-replacement", "http://cars.costhelper.com/car-shock.html", "http://repairpal.com/estimator/front-strut-replacement-cost", "http://www.answers.com/Q/What_is_cost_for_strut_replacement", "http://cars.costhelper.com/car-shock.html", "http://cars.costhelper.com/car-shock.html", "https://www.yourmechanic.com/services/strut-assembly-replacement" ] }

[ "1 Shock absorbers or struts can cost $25-$350 or more each, depending on the make and model of vehicle and the quality of the part. 2 Although it could cost as much as $1,400 for a set of four, most do-it-yourselfers spend an average of $150-$250 to replace four shocks/struts. Bought rear shocks OEM from Toyota cost $112 but the bushings nuts bolts rubber spacers cost another $100 in parts almost more than the shocks. The install was done by my friend at his house for $180 so the total job cost almost $400." ]

{ "is_selected": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0 ], "passage_text": [ "Springtails, or collembola, are primitive hexapods (six-legged arthropods) that are closely related to insects. These small critters (1-6 mm, usually less than 3 mm) live in soil, leaf litter, and other damp organic material. Springtails can be extremely abundant in some damp, highly organic soils. When springtails are abundant the cause is usually high soil moisture and/or highly organic soils. Usually the best control is to reduce soil moisture by watering less. A normal wet/dry cycle is often enough to reduce springtail numbers in a garden. You might also cut back on the amount of compost added each year.", "Springtails, often called snow fleas, are some of the most primitive and populous insects on earth. Belonging to the Order Collembola, springtails have been found in fossil records dating back over 400 million years to the Devonian era. ", "Springtails do not damage food products, clothes, furniture or any property. They are just nuisances. Springtails that infest houseplants are found in soil that is excessively damp or in soil mixes contain a high percentage of peat. They feed on decaying roots and fungi and rarely, if ever, damage plants. Springtails are also commonly found in the soil of houseplants. However when conditions are suitable, you can also find springtails indoors, especially in bathrooms, basements, and kitchens. Sometimes springtails can be found outside in the wintertime.", "The springtails are soft-bodied, oval or roundish shaped, primitive insects. Their bodies are made up of six or fewer segments and they lack wings. Although many species have small eyes, some are nearly or totally blind. ", "Snowfleas. Springtails are associated with damp conditions and organic debris and are found outdoors in soil, leaf litter, lichen, under bark, decaying plant matter, rotting wood, and other areas of high moisture. They are found in many different habitats, feeding on fungi, pollen, algae, or decaying organic matter. Springtails are also commonly found in the soil of houseplants. However when conditions are suitable, you can also find springtails indoors, especially in bathrooms, basements, and kitchens. Sometimes springtails can be found outside in the wintertime.", "Springtails. One of the most unusual, and smallest, insect inhabitants of Texas lawns are springtails. Far from being harmful, springtails serve as decomposers, one of a community of organisms that help break down organic matter and return valuable nutrients to the soil. Springtails can be found in compost bins, lawns, mulch or nearly anywhere in soil or leaf litter. Occasionally, however, springtails become a nuisance around homes. Springtails are among the smallest insects in the home landscape. Typical species are about .04 inch-(1 mm-) long, barely visible to the eye. Identification. Springtails are among the smallest insects in the home landscape. Typical species are about .04 inch-(1 mm-) long, barely visible to the eye. Springtails are wingless and do not fly, but under a hand lens or microscope one can see a long tail, which is normally kept folded under the body.", "Folsomia candida, a very common soil springtail. Springtails are one of the most common insects in the environment, although they are inconspicuous and are often overlooked. When suitable habitat occurs, they can develop tremendously large numbers and are one of the most abundant insects. Springtails are also commonly found in the soil of houseplants. However when conditions are suitable, you can also find springtails indoors, especially in bathrooms, basements, and kitchens. Sometimes springtails can be found outside in the wintertime.", "- Tiny, soil-dwelling arthropods that can be extremely abundant and even enter houses -. Summary: Collembola, also called springtails, are tiny arthropods that can be very abundant in damp, organic soils where they feed on dead plant material and fungi, occasionally damaging tender plant roots. When springtails are abundant the cause is usually high soil moisture and/or highly organic soils. Usually the best control is to reduce soil moisture by watering less. A normal wet/dry cycle is often enough to reduce springtail numbers in a garden. You might also cut back on the amount of compost added each year.", "Springtail. Springtails are tiny, insects frequently found in houses, although they occur more commonly outdoors. They are wingless, and move by crawling or jumping. The jumping motion is made possible by a forked tail bent forward under the body and attached to the underside of the abdomen. They are annoying as pests only by being present. Springtails may be abundant in overwatered, potted houseplants. However, they do not harm established plants. Since springtails are generally restricted to moist or humid habitats, one means of obtaining control is to lower the humidity or remove excess moisture." ], "url": [ "http://www.livingwithbugs.com/springtails.html", "http://www.colonialpest.com/what-are-snow-fleas-and-could-they-get-on-my-pets/", "http://www.extension.umn.edu/garden/insects/find/springtails/", "http://www.biokids.umich.edu/critters/Collembola/", "http://www.extension.umn.edu/garden/insects/find/springtails/", "http://citybugs.tamu.edu/factsheets/household/misc-house/ent-2011/", "http://www.extension.umn.edu/garden/insects/find/springtails/", "http://www.livingwithbugs.com/springtails.html", "http://www.ipm.iastate.edu/ipm/info/insects/other-arthropods/springtail" ] }

[ "Springtails. One of the most unusual, and smallest, insect inhabitants of Texas lawns are springtails. Far from being harmful, springtails serve as decomposers, one of a community of organisms that help break down organic matter and return valuable nutrients to the soil. Springtails can be found in compost bins, lawns, mulch or nearly anywhere in soil or leaf litter. Occasionally, however, springtails become a nuisance around homes. Springtails are among the smallest insects in the home landscape. Typical species are about .04 inch-(1 mm-) long, barely visible to the eye. Identification. Springtails are among the smallest insects in the home landscape. Typical species are about .04 inch-(1 mm-) long, barely visible to the eye. Springtails are wingless and do not fly, but under a hand lens or microscope one can see a long tail, which is normally kept folded under the body." ]